An interdisciplinary conceptual study of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  for helping benefit-risk assessment practices: Towards a comprehensive
  qualification matrix of AI programs and devices (pre-print 2020)
  This paper proposes a comprehensive analysis of existing concepts coming from
different disciplines tackling the notion of intelligence, namely psychology
and engineering, and from disciplines aiming to regulate AI innovations, namely
AI ethics and law. The aim is to identify shared notions or discrepancies to
consider for qualifying AI systems. Relevant concepts are integrated into a
matrix intended to help defining more precisely when and how computing tools
(programs or devices) may be qualified as AI while highlighting critical
features to serve a specific technical, ethical and legal assessment of
challenges in AI development. Some adaptations of existing notions of AI
characteristics are proposed. The matrix is a risk-based conceptual model
designed to allow an empirical, flexible and scalable qualification of AI
technologies in the perspective of benefit-risk assessment practices,
technological monitoring and regulatory compliance: it offers a structured
reflection tool for stakeholders in AI development that are engaged in
responsible research and innovation.Pre-print version (achieved on May 2020)
