system
Context: Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest. 

Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.
human
What can a heart attack symptom feel like?
gpt
heartburn
human
Which symptom?
gpt
chest pain
human
Can this pain travel?
gpt
yes
human
Does it go to the lower part of the body?
gpt
no
human
What about the jaw?
gpt
yes
human
The shoulder and arm?
gpt
yes
human
What is the real name of a heart attack?
gpt
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
human
What disease usually causes this?
gpt
coronary artery disease
human
Does this involve the blocking of something?
gpt
yes
human
What?
gpt
a coronary artery
human
What happens to plaque?
gpt
it ruptures
human
Which kind of plaque?
gpt
atherosclerotic plaque
human
Can smoking increase this possibility?
gpt
yes
human
What can be caused by drug use?
gpt
MI's are less commonly caused by them
human
Are there tests around for diagnosis?
gpt
yes
human
How many?
gpt
a number of them
human
What kind of test is creatine kinase MB
gpt
a blood test
human
Are women or men more likely to have atypical signs?
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women
human
How many people have atypical signs?
gpt
about 30% of people
human
Can being sick to your stomach be one?
gpt
yes