<NME> northamerica <BEF> # tzdb data for North and Central America and environs # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. # also includes Central America and the Caribbean # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22): # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). ############################################################################### # United States # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904), # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY). # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870) # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC, # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich. # From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20): # Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw # lines between time zones. The key individual who made time zones # work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer, # managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the # General Time Convention, a railway standardization group. Allen # spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders, # developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it # to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan # meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for # railway scheduling. By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all # railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18. That Sunday # was called the "day of two noons", as some locations observed noon # twice. Allen witnessed the transition in New York City, writing: # # I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time. Four # minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval # Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes # of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was # abandoned, probably forever. # # Most of the US soon followed suit. See: # Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56. # https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16): # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time. # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005). # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition), # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991). # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it. # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below. # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06): # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26). # Not everyone is happy with the results: # # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind. # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves. # # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks, # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday # # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927). # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html # # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919. # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time". # From Paul Eggert (2019-06-04): # Here is the legal basis for the US federal rules. # * Public Law 65-106 (1918-03-19) implemented standard and daylight saving # time for the first time across the US, springing forward on March's last # Sunday and falling back on October's last Sunday. # https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/65th-congress/session-2/c65s2ch24.pdf # * Public Law 66-40 (1919-08-20) repealed DST on October 1919's last Sunday. # https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/66th-congress/session-1/c66s1ch51.pdf # * Public Law 77-403 (1942-01-20) started wartime DST on 1942-02-09. # https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/77th-congress/session-2/c77s2ch7.pdf # * Public Law 79-187 (1945-09-25) ended wartime DST on 1945-09-30. # https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/79th-congress/session-1/c79s1ch388.pdf # * Public Law 89-387 (1966-04-13) reinstituted a national standard for DST, # from April's last Sunday to October's last Sunday, effective 1967. # https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-80/pdf/STATUTE-80-Pg107.pdf # * Public Law 93-182 (1973-12-15) moved the 1974 spring-forward to 01-06. # https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-87/pdf/STATUTE-87-Pg707.pdf # * Public Law 93-434 (1974-10-05) moved the 1975 spring-forward to # February's last Sunday. # https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg1209.pdf # * Public Law 99-359 (1986-07-08) moved the spring-forward to April's first # Sunday. # https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-100/pdf/STATUTE-100-Pg764.pdf # * Public Law 109-58 (2005-08-08), effective 2007, moved the spring-forward # to March's second Sunday and the fall-back to November's first Sunday. # https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ58/pdf/PLAW-109publ58.pdf # All transitions are at 02:00 local time. # From Arthur David Olson: # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime. # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25): # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama. # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time." # An AltaVista search turned up: # https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful." # (August 1945) by way of confirmation. # # From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23): # This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter. # From Joseph Gallant citing # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987): # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account, # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender, # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech. # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times: # # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender. # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news. # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental # importance." # # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell, # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over. # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms." # # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters. # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22): # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D Rule US 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory. # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of # this time zone package. # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if # a particular place changes whether it observes DST. # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone EST -5:00 - EST Zone MST -7:00 - MST Zone HST -10:00 - HST Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST) # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT) # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21): # The above dates are for 1988. # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the # Aleutians. # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13): # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261: # (none) # United States standard eastern time # United States standard mountain time # United States standard central time # United States standard Pacific time # (none) # United States standard Alaska time # (none) # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for # public law 98-181): # Atlantic standard time # eastern standard time # central standard time # mountain standard time # Pacific standard time # Yukon standard time # Alaska-Hawaii standard time # Bering standard time # And after 1983-11-30: # Atlantic standard time # eastern standard time # central standard time # mountain standard time # Pacific standard time # Alaska standard time # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time # Samoa standard time # The law doesn't give abbreviations. # # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19): # Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation: # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108 # Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard # Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific", # and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time", # as codified in 1966. In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST" # before 1968. Summarizing the 1967 name changes: # 1918 names 1967 names # -08 Standard Pacific Time (PST) Pacific standard time (PST) # -09 (unofficial) Yukon (YST) Yukon standard time (YST) # -10 Standard Alaska Time (AST) Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST) # -11 (unofficial) Nome (NST) Bering standard time (BST) # # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow: # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time" # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia". # # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17): # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008) # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08. # # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS. # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended-- # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second # Sunday of March"; and # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first # Sunday of November'. # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later. # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United # States. # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the # Department study is complete. # US eastern time, represented by New York # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida, # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee, # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02): # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH].... # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC. # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26): # According to today's Huntsville Times # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County, # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba" # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work # in Columbus." # # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22): # Four cities are involved. The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station # and Valley. Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started # because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the # corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern # time even after the mills closed. See: Kazek K. Did you know which # Alabama towns are in a different time zone? al.com 2017-02-06. # http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] #STDOFF -4:56:01.6 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 17:00u -5:00 US E%sT 1920 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942 -5:00 US E%sT 1946 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967 -5:00 US E%sT # US central time, represented by Chicago # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer, # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota, # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07): # In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep # time. Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the # Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall, # which then sent signals to police and fire stations. However, railroads got # their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory, # the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each # other or with the city's official time. The confusion took some years to # clear up. See: # Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04. # http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/ # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin: # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year.... # # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12): # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent.... # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21): # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!) # # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25): # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago. # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-06): # In 1950s Nashville a public clock had dueling faces, one for conservatives # and the other for liberals; the two sides didn't agree about the time of day. # I haven't found a photo of this clock, nor have I tracked down the TIME # magazine report cited below, but here's the story as told by the late # American journalist John Seigenthaler, who was there: # # "The two [newspaper] owners held strongly contrasting political and # ideological views. Evans was a New South liberal, Stahlman an Old South # conservative, and their two papers frequently clashed editorially, often on # the same day.... In the 1950s as the state legislature was grappling with # the question of whether to approve daylight saving time for the entire state, # TIME magazine reported: # # "'The Nashville Banner and The Nashville Tennessean rarely agree on anything # but the time of day - and last week they couldn't agree on that.' # # "It was all too true. The clock on the front of the building had two faces - # The Tennessean side of the building facing west, the other, east. When it # was high noon Banner time, it was 11 a.m. Tennessean time." # # Seigenthaler J. For 100 years, Tennessean had it covered. # The Tennessean 2007-05-11, republished 2015-04-06. # https://www.tennessean.com/story/insider/extras/2015/04/06/archives-seigenthaler-for-100-years-the-tennessean-had-it-covered/25348545/ # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u -6:00 US C%sT 1920 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967 -6:00 US C%sT # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25. Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 19:00u -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time. # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>. # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota; # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time. # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>. Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 19:00u -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21): # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010): # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24): # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall # at 47° 15' 51" N, 101° 46' 40" W, which yields an offset of 6h47'07". Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 19:00u -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT # US mountain time, represented by Denver # # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City), # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County, # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming # # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-25): # On 1921-03-04 federal law placed all of Texas into the central time zone. # However, El Paso ignored the law for decades and continued to observe # mountain time, on the grounds that that's what they had always done # and they weren't about to let the federal government tell them what to do. # Eventually the federal government gave in and changed the law on # 1970-04-10 to match what El Paso was actually doing. Although # that's slightly after our 1970 cutoff, there is no need to create a # separate zone for El Paso since they were ignoring the law anyway. See: # Long T. El Pasoans were time rebels, fought to stay in Mountain zone. # El Paso Times. 2018-10-24 06:40 -06. # https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/local/el-paso/2018/10/24/el-pasoans-were-time-rebels-fought-stay-mountain-zone/1744509002/ # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 19:00u -7:00 US M%sT 1920 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942 -7:00 US M%sT 1946 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967 -7:00 US M%sT # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles # # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren), # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern ¾ of # Malheur county), and Washington # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20): # In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage, # PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours, # causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day. (This did not change # legal time, and is not part of the data here.) See: # Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948. # Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley, # 1973-11. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c # # In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14 # at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move # the fallback transition earlier. See pages 3-4 of: # http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf # # In response: # # Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much # to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important # factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California. # -- Ross, p 25 # # On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1 # (LA Times 1948-12-09). The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01). # # Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12, # which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's # last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed # the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See: # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:01 1:00 D Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 1:00 1:00 D Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 20:00u -8:00 US P%sT 1946 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967 -8:00 US P%sT # Alaska # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO. # # From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15): # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar, # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia. # On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the # Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of # formal transfer. See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2. # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1 # Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20, # and so celebrated two Sundays that week. See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P). # From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25. # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf # Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch # from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar. # # As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar. # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was # destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) Many of Alaska's inhabitants # were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or # time change. However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe # Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it. # The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian # salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for # all of Alaska. Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the # local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously. # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18): # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall: # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century." # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01. # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html # # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source: # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response. # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2). # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/ # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01): # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article: # # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27, # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time. # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on # Pacific Time. # # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26. # # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time. # # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions. # # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo # Nation.) # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09): # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian # Community office (using contact information available at # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States; # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I # did not inquire about practices in the past. # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17): # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote. # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09): # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching # between AKST and AKDT from now on.... # https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/ # From Ryan Stanley (2018-11-06): # The Metlakatla community in Alaska has decided not to change its # clock back an hour starting on November 4th, 2018 (day before yesterday). # They will be gmtoff=-28800 year-round. # https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/pb.141055983004923.-2207520000.1541465673./569081370202380/ # From Paul Eggert (2018-12-16): # In a 2018-12-11 special election, Metlakatla voted to go back to # Alaska time (including daylight saving time) starting next year. # https://www.krbd.org/2018/12/12/metlakatla-to-follow-alaska-standard-time-allow-liquor-sales/ # # From Ryan Stanley (2019-01-11): # The community will be changing back on the 20th of this month... # From Tim Parenti (2019-01-11): # Per an announcement on the Metlakatla community's official Facebook page, the # "fall back" will be on Sunday 2019-01-20 at 02:00: # https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/607150969728753/ # So they won't be waiting for Alaska to join them on 2019-03-10, but will # rather change their clocks twice in seven weeks. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:33:32 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 -8:00 - PST 1942 -8:00 US P%sT 1946 -8:00 - PST 1969 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 -9:00 US AK%sT Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:30 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 -8:00 - PST 1942 -8:00 US P%sT 1946 -8:00 - PST 1969 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 -9:00 US AK%sT Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:44:55 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 -8:00 - PST 1942 -8:00 US P%sT 1946 -8:00 - PST 1969 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00 -9:00 US AK%sT 2018 Nov 4 2:00 -8:00 - PST 2019 Jan 20 2:00 -9:00 US AK%sT Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:12:18 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 -9:00 - YST 1942 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946 -9:00 - YST 1969 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 -9:00 US AK%sT Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 14:31:37 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 -10:00 - AST 1942 -10:00 US A%sT 1967 Apr -10:00 - AHST 1969 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 -9:00 US AK%sT Zone America/Nome 12:58:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 13:29:35 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 -11:00 - NST 1942 -11:00 US N%sT 1946 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr -11:00 - BST 1969 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 -9:00 US AK%sT Zone America/Adak 12:13:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 12:44:35 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 -11:00 - NST 1942 -11:00 US N%sT 1946 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr -11:00 - BST 1969 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30 -10:00 US H%sT # The following switches don't make our 1970 cutoff. # # Kiska observed Tokyo date and time during Japanese occupation from # 1942-06-06 to 1943-07-29, and similarly for Attu from 1942-06-07 to # 1943-05-29 (all dates American). Both islands are now uninhabited. # # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak) # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00, # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later. # # From David Flater (2004-11-09): # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967 # possibly until 1983: # # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967: # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday, # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with # three votes for and one against." # Hawaii # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09): # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09, # the article is available at # https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933) # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)." # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19): # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90. # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor # of the Territory of Hawaii." # # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday. # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00 -10:00 - HST # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970. # Arizona mostly uses MST. # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20): # # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the # Daylight Saving Time web page # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23) # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records. # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST. # # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17. # Go with the Arizona State Library instead. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 19:00u -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01 -7:00 - MST 1967 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21 -7:00 - MST # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13): # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other # tribal nations don't use DST.) # # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26): # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation. # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine, # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark, # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome, # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power, # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County) # switched four weeks late in 1974. # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 20:00u -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00 -7:00 US M%sT 1974 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00 -7:00 US M%sT # Indiana # # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see: # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana # # From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30): # A brief but entertaining history of time in Indiana describes a 1949 debate # in the Indiana House where city legislators (who favored "fast time") # tussled with farm legislators (who didn't) over a bill to outlaw DST: # "Lacking enough votes, the city faction tries to filibuster until time runs # out on the session at midnight, but rural champion Rep. Herbert Copeland, # R-Madison, leans over the gallery railing and forces the official clock # back to 9 p.m., breaking it in the process. The clock sticks on 9 as the # debate rages on into the night. The filibuster finally dies out and the # bill passes, while outside the chamber, clocks read 3:30 a.m. In the end, # it doesn't matter which side won. The law has no enforcement powers and # is simply ignored by fast-time communities." # How Indiana went from 'God's time' to split zones and daylight-saving. # Indianapolis Star. 2018-11-27 14:58 -05. # https://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/27/indianapolis-indiana-time-zone-history-central-eastern-daylight-savings-time/2126300002/ # # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis, # with the following exceptions: # # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer, # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago. # # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York. # # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like # America/Kentucky/Louisville. # # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke, # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below. # # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history, # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information." # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people! # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. # # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level. # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'. # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26): # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke, # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time." # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT. # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10): # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007.... # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u -6:00 US C%sT 1920 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00 -5:00 - EST 1969 -5:00 US E%sT 1971 -5:00 - EST 2006 -5:00 US E%sT # # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974, # as well as from 1976 through 2005. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u -6:00 US C%sT 1951 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00 -5:00 - EST 1969 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00 -5:00 US E%sT 1976 -5:00 - EST 2006 -5:00 US E%sT # # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana, # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back # in November 2007. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u -6:00 US C%sT 1946 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00 -5:00 - EST 1969 -5:00 US E%sT 1971 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00 -5:00 US E%sT # # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006. # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-09): # The Indianapolis News, Friday 27 October 1967 states that Perry County # returned to CST. It went again to EST on 27 April 1969, as documented by the # Indianapolis star of Saturday 26 April. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Perry 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Perry 1961 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u -6:00 US C%sT 1946 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00 -5:00 - EST 1967 Oct 29 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00 -5:00 US E%sT 1971 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT # # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977, # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u -6:00 US C%sT 1955 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00 -5:00 US E%sT # # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991, # then switched back in 2006. # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28): # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of # 1991-10-27. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u -6:00 US C%sT 1947 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 -6:00 US C%sT # # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES
Updated to tzdata 2020a