OK, let's crack this. We're given 861 and our task is to multiply it by 196. Essentially, we'll be adding 861 to itself 196 times.
Step 1: 0 + 861 = 861
Step 2: 861 + 861 = 1722
Step 3: 1722 + 861 = 2583
Step 4: 2583 + 861 = 3444
Step 5: 3444 + 861 = 4305
Step 6: 4305 + 861 = 5166
Step 7: 5166 + 861 = 6027
Step 8: 6027 + 861 = 6888
Step 9: 6888 + 861 = 7749
Step 10: 7749 + 861 = 8610
Step 11: 8610 + 861 = 9471
Step 12: 9471 + 861 = 10332
Step 13: 10332 + 861 = 11193
Step 14: 11193 + 861 = 12054
Step 15: 12054 + 861 = 12915
Step 16: 12915 + 861 = 13776
Step 17: 13776 + 861 = 14637
Step 18: 14637 + 861 = 15498
Step 19: 15498 + 861 = 16359
Step 20: 16359 + 861 = 17220
Step 21: 17220 + 861 = 18081
Step 22: 18081 + 861 = 18942
Step 23: 18942 + 861 = 19803
Step 24: 19803 + 861 = 20664
Step 25: 20664 + 861 = 21525
Step 26: 21525 + 861 = 22386
Step 27: 22386 + 861 = 23247
Step 28: 23247 + 861 = 24108
Step 29: 24108 + 861 = 24969
Step 30: 24969 + 861 = 25830
Step 31: 25830 + 861 = 26691
Step 32: 26691 + 861 = 27552
Step 33: 27552 + 861 = 28413
Step 34: 28413 + 861 = 29274
Step 35: 29274 + 861 = 30135
Step 36: 30135 + 861 = 30996
Step 37: 30996 + 861 = 31857
Step 38: 31857 + 861 = 32718
Step 39: 32718 + 861 = 33579
Step 40: 33579 + 861 = 34440
Step 41: 34440 + 861 = 35301
Step 42: 35301 + 861 = 36162
Step 43: 36162 + 861 = 37023
Step 44: 37023 + 861 = 37884
Step 45: 37884 + 861 = 38745
Step 46: 38745 + 861 = 39606
Step 47: 39606 + 861 = 40467
Step 48: 40467 + 861 = 41328
Step 49: 41328 + 861 = 42189
Step 50: 42189 + 861 = 43050
Step 51: 43050 + 861 = 43911
Step 52: 43911 + 861 = 44772
Step 53: 44772 + 861 = 45633
Step 54: 45633 + 861 = 46494
Step 55: 46494 + 861 = 47355
Step 56: 47355 + 861 = 48216
Step 57: 48216 + 861 = 49077
Step 58: 49077 + 861 = 49938
Step 59: 49938 + 861 = 50799
Step 60: 50799 + 861 = 51660
Step 61: 51660 + 861 = 52521
Step 62: 52521 + 861 = 53382
Step 63: 53382 + 861 = 54243
Step 64: 54243 + 861 = 55104
Step 65: 55104 + 861 = 55965
Step 66: 55965 + 861 = 56826
Step 67: 56826 + 861 = 57687
Step 68: 57687 + 861 = 58548
Step 69: 58548 + 861 = 59409
Step 70: 59409 + 861 = 60270
Step 71: 60270 + 861 = 61131
Step 72: 61131 + 861 = 61992
Step 73: 61992 + 861 = 62853
Step 74: 62853 + 861 = 63714
Step 75: 63714 + 861 = 64575
Step 76: 64575 + 861 = 65436
Step 77: 65436 + 861 = 66297
Step 78: 66297 + 861 = 67158
Step 79: 67158 + 861 = 68019
Step 80: 68019 + 861 = 68880
Step 81: 68880 + 861 = 69741
Step 82: 69741 + 861 = 70602
Step 83: 70602 + 861 = 71463
Step 84: 71463 + 861 = 72324
Step 85: 72324 + 861 = 73185
Step 86: 73185 + 861 = 74046
Step 87: 74046 + 861 = 74907
Step 88: 74907 + 861 = 75768
Step 89: 75768 + 861 = 76629
Step 90: 76629 + 861 = 77490
Step 91: 77490 + 861 = 78351
Step 92: 78351 + 861 = 79212
Step 93: 79212 + 861 = 80073
Step 94: 80073 + 861 = 80934
Step 95: 80934 + 861 = 81795
Step 96: 81795 + 861 = 82656
Step 97: 82656 + 861 = 83517
Step 98: 83517 + 861 = 84378
Step 99: 84378 + 861 = 85239
Step 100: 85239 + 861 = 86100
Step 101: 86100 + 861 = 86961
Step 102: 86961 + 861 = 87822
Step 103: 87822 + 861 = 88683
Step 104: 88683 + 861 = 89544
Step 105: 89544 + 861 = 90405
Step 106: 90405 + 861 = 91266
Step 107: 91266 + 861 = 92127
Step 108: 92127 + 861 = 92988
Step 109: 92988 + 861 = 93849
Step 110: 93849 + 861 = 94710
Step 111: 94710 + 861 = 95571
Step 112: 95571 + 861 = 96432
Step 113: 96432 + 861 = 97293
Step 114: 97293 + 861 = 98154
Step 115: 98154 + 861 = 99015
Step 116: 99015 + 861 = 99876
Step 117: 99876 + 861 = 100737
Step 118: 100737 + 861 = 101598
Step 119: 101598 + 861 = 102459
Step 120: 102459 + 861 = 103320
Step 121: 103320 + 861 = 104181
Step 122: 104181 + 861 = 105042
Step 123: 105042 + 861 = 105903
Step 124: 105903 + 861 = 106764
Step 125: 106764 + 861 = 107625
Step 126: 107625 + 861 = 108486
Step 127: 108486 + 861 = 109347
Step 128: 109347 + 861 = 110208
Step 129: 110208 + 861 = 111069
Step 130: 111069 + 861 = 111930
Step 131: 111930 + 861 = 112791
Step 132: 112791 + 861 = 113652
Step 133: 113652 + 861 = 114513
Step 134: 114513 + 861 = 115374
Step 135: 115374 + 861 = 116235
Step 136: 116235 + 861 = 117096
Step 137: 117096 + 861 = 117957
Step 138: 117957 + 861 = 118818
Step 139: 118818 + 861 = 119679
Step 140: 119679 + 861 = 120540
Step 141: 120540 + 861 = 121401
Step 142: 121401 + 861 = 122262
Step 143: 122262 + 861 = 123123
Step 144: 123123 + 861 = 123984
Step 145: 123984 + 861 = 124845
Step 146: 124845 + 861 = 125706
Step 147: 125706 + 861 = 126567
Step 148: 126567 + 861 = 127428
Step 149: 127428 + 861 = 128289
Step 150: 128289 + 861 = 129150
Step 151: 129150 + 861 = 130011
Step 152: 130011 + 861 = 130872
Step 153: 130872 + 861 = 131733
Step 154: 131733 + 861 = 132594
Step 155: 132594 + 861 = 133455
Step 156: 133455 + 861 = 134316
Step 157: 134316 + 861 = 135177
Step 158: 135177 + 861 = 136038
Step 159: 136038 + 861 = 136899
Step 160: 136899 + 861 = 137760
Step 161: 137760 + 861 = 138621
Step 162: 138621 + 861 = 139482
Step 163: 139482 + 861 = 140343
Step 164: 140343 + 861 = 141204
Step 165: 141204 + 861 = 142065
Step 166: 142065 + 861 = 142926
Step 167: 142926 + 861 = 143787
Step 168: 143787 + 861 = 144648
Step 169: 144648 + 861 = 145509
Step 170: 145509 + 861 = 146370
Step 171: 146370 + 861 = 147231
Step 172: 147231 + 861 = 148092
Step 173: 148092 + 861 = 148953
Step 174: 148953 + 861 = 149814
Step 175: 149814 + 861 = 150675
Step 176: 150675 + 861 = 151536
Step 177: 151536 + 861 = 152397
Step 178: 152397 + 861 = 153258
Step 179: 153258 + 861 = 154119
Step 180: 154119 + 861 = 154980
Step 181: 154980 + 861 = 155841
Step 182: 155841 + 861 = 156702
Step 183: 156702 + 861 = 157563
Step 184: 157563 + 861 = 158424
Step 185: 158424 + 861 = 159285
Step 186: 159285 + 861 = 160146
Step 187: 160146 + 861 = 161007
Step 188: 161007 + 861 = 161868
Step 189: 161868 + 861 = 162729
Step 190: 162729 + 861 = 163590
Step 191: 163590 + 861 = 164451
Step 192: 164451 + 861 = 165312
Step 193: 165312 + 861 = 166173
Step 194: 166173 + 861 = 167034
Step 195: 167034 + 861 = 167895
Step 196: 167895 + 861 = 168756

So, 861*196 = 168756