We are presented with 4181 and 6991. Let's work out the sum.

Step 1: We'll start by adding the digits 1 & 1 in column 1 and get 2.

Step 2: We'll start by adding the digits 8 & 9 in column 2 and get 17.
We'll write down the last digit 7 and carry the 1 to the next column.

Step 3: We'll start by adding the digits 1 & 9 in column 3 and get 11.
We'll write down the last digit 1 and carry the 1 to the next column.

Step 4: We'll start by adding the digits 4 & 6 in column 4 and get 11.
We'll write down the last digit 1 and carry the 1 to the next column.

So, 4181 + 6991 = 11172.

