OK, let's work through this together. We're starting with 542 and we're going to multiply it by 59, which means we add 542 to itself 59 times.
Step 1: 0 + 542 = 542
Step 2: 542 + 542 = 1084
Step 3: 1084 + 542 = 1626
Step 4: 1626 + 542 = 2168
Step 5: 2168 + 542 = 2710
Step 6: 2710 + 542 = 3252
Step 7: 3252 + 542 = 3794
Step 8: 3794 + 542 = 4336
Step 9: 4336 + 542 = 4878
Step 10: 4878 + 542 = 5420
Step 11: 5420 + 542 = 5962
Step 12: 5962 + 542 = 6504
Step 13: 6504 + 542 = 7046
Step 14: 7046 + 542 = 7588
Step 15: 7588 + 542 = 8130
Step 16: 8130 + 542 = 8672
Step 17: 8672 + 542 = 9214
Step 18: 9214 + 542 = 9756
Step 19: 9756 + 542 = 10298
Step 20: 10298 + 542 = 10840
Step 21: 10840 + 542 = 11382
Step 22: 11382 + 542 = 11924
Step 23: 11924 + 542 = 12466
Step 24: 12466 + 542 = 13008
Step 25: 13008 + 542 = 13550
Step 26: 13550 + 542 = 14092
Step 27: 14092 + 542 = 14634
Step 28: 14634 + 542 = 15176
Step 29: 15176 + 542 = 15718
Step 30: 15718 + 542 = 16260
Step 31: 16260 + 542 = 16802
Step 32: 16802 + 542 = 17344
Step 33: 17344 + 542 = 17886
Step 34: 17886 + 542 = 18428
Step 35: 18428 + 542 = 18970
Step 36: 18970 + 542 = 19512
Step 37: 19512 + 542 = 20054
Step 38: 20054 + 542 = 20596
Step 39: 20596 + 542 = 21138
Step 40: 21138 + 542 = 21680
Step 41: 21680 + 542 = 22222
Step 42: 22222 + 542 = 22764
Step 43: 22764 + 542 = 23306
Step 44: 23306 + 542 = 23848
Step 45: 23848 + 542 = 24390
Step 46: 24390 + 542 = 24932
Step 47: 24932 + 542 = 25474
Step 48: 25474 + 542 = 26016
Step 49: 26016 + 542 = 26558
Step 50: 26558 + 542 = 27100
Step 51: 27100 + 542 = 27642
Step 52: 27642 + 542 = 28184
Step 53: 28184 + 542 = 28726
Step 54: 28726 + 542 = 29268
Step 55: 29268 + 542 = 29810
Step 56: 29810 + 542 = 30352
Step 57: 30352 + 542 = 30894
Step 58: 30894 + 542 = 31436
Step 59: 31436 + 542 = 31978

So, 542*59 = 31978