787158 ÷ 42 
We're looking to find how many times 42 goes into 787158.

On to step 1:
The number 42 fits into 7 0 times, leaving a remainder of 7.
Write down 0 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 0.0
If we take 0 away from 7, we end up with 7.
Fetch the next digit (8) from the dividend, attach it to 7 and continue: 78 / 42

Step 2:
42 goes into 78 1 times with a remainder of 36.
The next digit of our result is 1. 
Result so far: 1.0
Subtract 42 from 78 to get 36.
Take the next digit (7) from the dividend and append it to 36, then repeat: 367 / 42

Moving on to step 3:
42 can be fit into 367 8 times, resulting in a remainder of 31.
Record the quotient 8 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 18.0
Subtract 336 from 367 to get 31.
Include the next digit (1) from the dividend after 31, then repeat: 311 / 42

Moving on to step 4:
311 divided by 42 is 7 with a remainder of 17.
Put 7 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 187.0
Subtract 294 from 311 to get 17.
Take the next digit (5) from the dividend and append it to 17, then repeat: 175 / 42

Going ahead to step 5:
The number 42 fits into 175 4 times, leaving a remainder of 7.
The next digit of our result is 4. 
Result so far: 1874.0
Subtract 168 from 175 to get 7.
Include the next digit (8) from the dividend after 7, then repeat: 78 / 42

Going ahead to step 6:
42 goes into 78 1 times with a remainder of 36.
Record the quotient 1 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 18741.0
Subtracting 42 from 78 leaves us with 36.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 360, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 7:
42 goes into 360 8 times with a remainder of 24.
Record the quotient 8 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 18741.8
The remainder is 24 after subtracting 336 from 360.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 240, and continue the process.

On to step 8:
240 divided by 42 is 5 with a remainder of 30.
The number 5 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 18741.85
Subtract 210 from 240 to get 30.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 300, and continue the process.

On to step 9:
300 divided by 42 is 7 with a remainder of 6.
Record the quotient 7 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 18741.857
If we subtract 294 from 300, we get 6.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 60, and continue the process.

Advancing to step 10:
42 can be fit into 60 1 times, resulting in a remainder of 18.
Use 1 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 18741.8571
If we take 42 away from 60, we end up with 18.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 180, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 11:
42 goes into 180 4 times with a remainder of 12.
Write down 4 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 18741.85714
Deduct 168 from 180 and we're left with 12.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 120, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 12:
When dividing 120 by 42, we get 2 with a remainder of 36.
Record the quotient 2 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 18741.857142
Subtracting 84 from 120 leaves us with 36.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 360, and continue the process.

Advancing to step 13:
42 goes into 360 8 times with a remainder of 24.
Write down 8 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 18741.8571428
Deduct 336 from 360 and we're left with 24.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 240, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 14:
42 goes into 240 5 times with a remainder of 30.
Put 5 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 18741.85714285
Subtract 210 from 240 to get 30.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 300, and continue the process.

After the division, we end up with 18741.85714285 and a remainder of 3e-08.