OK, let's crack this. We're given 406 and our task is to multiply it by 45. Essentially, we'll be adding 406 to itself 45 times.
Step 1: 0 + 406 = 406
Step 2: 406 + 406 = 812
Step 3: 812 + 406 = 1218
Step 4: 1218 + 406 = 1624
Step 5: 1624 + 406 = 2030
Step 6: 2030 + 406 = 2436
Step 7: 2436 + 406 = 2842
Step 8: 2842 + 406 = 3248
Step 9: 3248 + 406 = 3654
Step 10: 3654 + 406 = 4060
Step 11: 4060 + 406 = 4466
Step 12: 4466 + 406 = 4872
Step 13: 4872 + 406 = 5278
Step 14: 5278 + 406 = 5684
Step 15: 5684 + 406 = 6090
Step 16: 6090 + 406 = 6496
Step 17: 6496 + 406 = 6902
Step 18: 6902 + 406 = 7308
Step 19: 7308 + 406 = 7714
Step 20: 7714 + 406 = 8120
Step 21: 8120 + 406 = 8526
Step 22: 8526 + 406 = 8932
Step 23: 8932 + 406 = 9338
Step 24: 9338 + 406 = 9744
Step 25: 9744 + 406 = 10150
Step 26: 10150 + 406 = 10556
Step 27: 10556 + 406 = 10962
Step 28: 10962 + 406 = 11368
Step 29: 11368 + 406 = 11774
Step 30: 11774 + 406 = 12180
Step 31: 12180 + 406 = 12586
Step 32: 12586 + 406 = 12992
Step 33: 12992 + 406 = 13398
Step 34: 13398 + 406 = 13804
Step 35: 13804 + 406 = 14210
Step 36: 14210 + 406 = 14616
Step 37: 14616 + 406 = 15022
Step 38: 15022 + 406 = 15428
Step 39: 15428 + 406 = 15834
Step 40: 15834 + 406 = 16240
Step 41: 16240 + 406 = 16646
Step 42: 16646 + 406 = 17052
Step 43: 17052 + 406 = 17458
Step 44: 17458 + 406 = 17864
Step 45: 17864 + 406 = 18270

So, 406*45 = 18270