586549 ÷ 42 
We want to figure out the number of times 586549 can be divided by 42.

On to step 1:
42 goes into 5 0 times with a remainder of 5.
The number 0 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 0.0
Subtract 0 from 5 to get 5.
Grab the next digit (8) from the dividend, add it to 5, then carry on: 58 / 42

Going ahead to step 2:
42 goes into 58 1 times with a remainder of 16.
The next digit of our result is 1. 
Result so far: 1.0
Subtracting 42 from 58 leaves us with 16.
Append the next digit (6) from the dividend to 16 and continue with: 166 / 42

Step 3:
42 goes into 166 3 times with a remainder of 40.
Record the quotient 3 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 13.0
If we take 126 away from 166, we end up with 40.
Fetch the next digit (5) from the dividend, attach it to 40 and continue: 405 / 42

Advancing to step 4:
405 divided by 42 is 9 with a remainder of 27.
Put 9 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 139.0
Subtracting 378 from 405 leaves us with 27.
Append the next digit (4) from the dividend to 27 and continue with: 274 / 42

Step 5:
When dividing 274 by 42, we get 6 with a remainder of 22.
Put 6 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 1396.0
Subtracting 252 from 274 leaves us with 22.
Bring next digit (9) of the dividend behind the 22 and repeat the process: 229 / 42

Moving on to step 6:
When dividing 229 by 42, we get 5 with a remainder of 19.
Use 5 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 13965.0
Deduct 210 from 229 and we're left with 19.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 190, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 7:
42 goes into 190 4 times with a remainder of 22.
Use 4 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 13965.4
If we subtract 168 from 190, we get 22.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 220, and continue the process.

Advancing to step 8:
If we divide 220 by 42, we get 5 and a remainder of 10.
Put 5 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 13965.45
The remainder is 10 after subtracting 210 from 220.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 100, and continue the process.

Step 9:
42 goes into 100 2 times with a remainder of 16.
Write down 2 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 13965.452
If we subtract 84 from 100, we get 16.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 160, and continue the process.

Step 10:
42 can be fit into 160 3 times, resulting in a remainder of 34.
Record the quotient 3 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 13965.4523
Subtract 126 from 160 to get 34.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 340, and continue the process.

On to step 11:
42 can be fit into 340 8 times, resulting in a remainder of 4.
Use 8 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 13965.45238
Deduct 336 from 340 and we're left with 4.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 40, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 12:
42 goes into 40 0 times with a remainder of 40.
The number 0 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 13965.45238
If we take 0 away from 40, we end up with 40.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 400, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 13:
The number 42 fits into 400 9 times, leaving a remainder of 22.
Record the quotient 9 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 13965.4523809
Deduct 378 from 400 and we're left with 22.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 220, and continue the process.

Advancing to step 14:
When dividing 220 by 42, we get 5 with a remainder of 10.
The next digit of our result is 5. 
Result so far: 13965.45238095
If we take 210 away from 220, we end up with 10.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 100, and continue the process.

The quotient of the division is 13965.45238095, and the remainder is 1e-08.