42838 ÷ 8 = 5354 R6
Alright, let's work through the division of 42838 by 8 step by step.

Step 1:
8 goes into 4 0 times with a remainder of 4.
Write down 0 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 0
Subtract 0 from 4 to get 4.
Bring next digit (2) of the dividend behind the 4 and repeat the process: 42 / 8

Step 2:
8 goes into 42 5 times with a remainder of 2.
Write down 5 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 5
Subtract 40 from 42 to get 2.
Bring next digit (8) of the dividend behind the 2 and repeat the process: 28 / 8

Step 3:
8 goes into 28 3 times with a remainder of 4.
Write down 3 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 53
Subtract 24 from 28 to get 4.
Bring next digit (3) of the dividend behind the 4 and repeat the process: 43 / 8

Step 4:
8 goes into 43 5 times with a remainder of 3.
Write down 5 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 535
Subtract 40 from 43 to get 3.
Bring next digit (8) of the dividend behind the 3 and repeat the process: 38 / 8

Step 5:
8 goes into 38 4 times with a remainder of 6.
Write down 4 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 5354
Subtract 32 from 38 to get 6.

The final result is 5354 with a remainder of 6.