Each circle represents a distinct protein pair (ortholog or isozyme) between species. Each plot shows identical point values but highlights a different functional class of proteins with relevance to oxidative stress. The y=x diagonal line is a reference to compare intrinsic vulnerability to carbonylation between orthologs. The y=x/3.78 diagonal line is a reference to compare combined intrinsic and extrinsic carbonylation properties between orthologs. Elliptical dotted line encircles the points falling within 3 standard deviations of the mean coordinates and 3 standard deviations of the distance from reference line y=x, encompassing ~91% of all data points. This reference region distinguishes outlier points that are distant from the main population. Outliers with associated experimental evidence related to hypersensitivity to oxidative stress are labeled with their protein names. See also Appendix Fig S3 and Fig EV5. 