(E) In B. vulgatus/dorei, subspecies composition within each individual is generally stable over time, with a change of the dominant subspecies being rare even over a period of up to 1,000 days. An exception (highlighted by purple line) is seen for an individual, in which one dominant subspecies is replaced by another one after antibiotic treatment. The right hand panel summarizes subspecies frequency changes, underlining remarkable stability over time. 