B J774A.1 macrophages were stimulated with live or fixed swollen conidia (MOI = 5) or zymosan (50 μg/ml), and NFAT translocation was assessed by confocal microscopy. NFAT is indicated in green, the nuclei are indicated in red, and AF conidia can be seen in pink. Live conidia were observed to stimulate sustained nuclear translocation compared to dead conidia or zymosan. Data represent mean ± SEM. Scale bar: 50 μm. Arrows indicate A. fumigatus or zymosan-positive cells. 