(b) Immunoblot analysis of Atg7-deficient (Atg7F/F:Mx1; Atg7F/F shown here as F/F) and Atg7 p62-deficient (Atg7F/F:Mx1:p62−/−) livers. Liver homogenates from mice of the stated genotypes at 12 days after injection of poly(I)•poly(C) were separated into detergent-soluble and detergent-insoluble fractions. Each fraction was subjected to SDS-PAGE and analysed by immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies. Atg7F/F mice in which Atg7 is efficiently expressed at a level similar to that in the wild-type mice were used as control. Data shown are representative of three separate experiments. Uncropped images of blots are shown in Supplementary Information, Fig. S11. 