Offering full automation for flawless photographs and a low price anticipating the post-oil crisis slump, the AE- 1978 Launch of PLA-500FA, the world’s first mask aligner with a laser-based automatic alignment system, five-inch wafer capability in advance of the trend towards larger wafers, and automatic substrate feed-in mechanism contribute to gains in semiconductor manufacturing productivity 1982 Introduction of the PC-10/ PC-20, the world’s first personal copying machines featuring replaceable cartridges.