Notable among the Special Biodiversity Management Plans so far implemented are the actions undertaken in the Carajás National Forest in southeast Pará, Brazil, featuring the following programs: – Fauna Management and Monitoring Program – long-term investigations to � ll knowledge gaps and standardize methodologies used in the studies to generate consistent scienti� c data, thus contributing to technical and regional development. – Jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus) Conservation Plan – a species with therapeutic properties collected by local communities for economic purposes.