LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS Excluded from the scope of this work was any assessment of information related to: Activities outside the defined reporting period; Statements of position (expressions of opinion, beliefs, goals, or future intentions) on the part of Vale; Economic and financial information contained in this Report which has been taken from financial statements verified by independent financial auditors; Inventory of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in its entirety; Data and information concerning operations and activities that are not in the scope of the Report.