For some international business units, Vale uses the following country-specific reference guides:“Metal Mining – Greenhouse Gas Quantification Guidance,” from Canada; “National Greenhouse Accounts (NGA) Factors” and “National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting System Measurement,” both from Australia; “U.S. Inventory of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks “The Norwegian Emission Inventory 2008 – Documentation of methodologies for estimating emissions of greenhouse gases and long-range transboundary air pollutants,” from Norway; and “National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of Japan, Ministry of the Environment, Japan Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan (GIO), CGER, NIES,” from Japan.