43
Current Status and Trends
Section 2
Increased concentrations 
of GHGs in the atmosphere
Increased emissions of 
greenhouse gases (GHGs)
b)
a)
c) Changes in global surface temperature
Carbon dioxide
Methane
d) Humans are responsible
0
15
30
45
60
400
350
300
1000
1500
500
  –0.5
–1.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Observed
–0.5
–1.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Total human inﬂuence
Observed warming
Well-mixed GHG
Other human drivers*
Solar and volcanic drivers
Internal variability
Observed warming is driven by emissions 
from human activities with GHG warming 
partly masked by aerosol cooling 2010–2019 
(change from 1850–1900) 
1.0
0.2
Global surface temperature has increased by 
1.1°C by 2011-2020 compared to 1850-1900
Concentrations of GHGs have increased rapidly since 1850
(scaled to match their assessed contributions to warming over 1850–1900 
to 2010–2019)
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions resulting 
from human activities continue to increase
Human activities are responsible for global warming
1850
1900
1950
2000
2020
1850
1900
1950
2000
2019
Non-CO2 
emissions
CO2 from 
fossil fuels 
and industry 
Parts per million (ppm)
GHG Emissions (GtCO2-eq/yr)
Parts per billion (ppb)
°C
1850
1900
1950
2000
2019
°C
CO2 from Land 
Use, Land-Use 
Change and 
Forestry 
(LULUCF)
warmest 
multi-century 
period in more 
than 100,