Average annual GHG emissions growth between 
69 
GHG emission metrics are used to express emissions of different GHGs in a common unit. Aggregated GHG emissions in this report are stated in CO2-equivalents (CO2-eq) using 
the Global Warming Potential with a time horizon of 100 years (GWP100) with values based on the contribution of Working Group I to the AR6. The AR6 WGI and WGIII reports 
contain updated emission metric values, evaluations of different metrics with regard to mitigation objectives, and assess new approaches to aggregating gases. The choice of 
metric depends on the purpose of the analysis and all GHG emission metrics have limitations and uncertainties, given that they simplify the complexity of the physical climate 
system and its response to past and future GHG emissions. {WGI SPM D.1.8, WGI 7.6; WGIII SPM B.1, WGIII Cross-Chapter Box 2.2} (Annex I: Glossary)
70 
Territorial emissions
71 
GHG emission levels are rounded to two signiﬁcant digits; as a consequence, small differences in sums due to rounding may occur. {WGIII SPM footnote 8}
72 
Comprising a gross sink of -12.5 (±3.2) GtCO2 yr-1 resulting from responses of all land to both anthropogenic environmental change and natural climate variability, and 
net anthropogenic CO2-LULUCF emissions +5.9 (±4.1) GtCO2 yr-1 based on book-keeping models. {WGIII SPM Footnote 14}
73 
This estimate is based on consumption-based accounting, including both direct emissions from within urban areas, and indirect emissions from outside urban areas related to 
the production of electricity, goods and services consumed in cities. These estimates include all CO2 and CH4 emission categories except for aviation and marine bunker fuels, 
land-use change, forestry and agriculture.