Positive (solid ﬁlled bars) and negative emissions (hatched bars) for different illustrative mitigation pathways are compared to 
GHG emissions from the year 2019. The category “energy supply (including electricity)” includes bioenergy with carbon capture and storage and direct air carbon capture and storage. 
{WGIII Box TS.5, WGIII 3.3, WGIII 3.4, WGIII 6.6, WGIII 10.3, WGIII 11.3} (Cross-Section Box.2)
Accelerated implementation of adaptation will improve well-being by reducing losses and damages, especially 
for vulnerable populations. Deep, rapid, and sustained mitigation actions would reduce future adaptation costs 
and losses and damages, enhance sustainable development co-beneﬁts, avoid locking-in emission sources, 
and reduce stranded assets and irreversible climate changes. These near-term actions involve higher up-front 
investments and disruptive changes, which can be moderated by a range of enabling conditions and removal or 
reduction of barriers to feasibility. (high conﬁdence)
Accelerated implementation of adaptation responses will bring 
beneﬁts to human well-being (high conﬁdence) (Section 4.3).  As 
adaptation options often have long implementation times, long-term 
planning and accelerated implementation, particularly in this decade, is 
important to close adaptation gaps, recognising that constraints remain 
for some regions. The beneﬁts to vulnerable populations would be high 
(see Section 4.4).