{WGIII SPM footnote 54}
154 The mitigation potentials and mitigation costs of individual technologies in a speciﬁc context or region may differ greatly from the provided estimates (medium conﬁdence). 
{WGIII SPM C.12.1}
conﬁdence). The most feasible energy system adaptation options 
support infrastructure resilience, reliable power systems and efﬁcient 
water use for existing and new energy generation systems (very 
high conﬁdence). Adaptations for hydropower and thermo-electric 
power generation are effective in most regions up to 1.5°C to 2°C, 
with decreasing effectiveness at higher levels of warming (medium 
conﬁdence). Energy generation diversiﬁcation (e.g., wind, solar, small-
scale hydroelectric) and demand side management (e.g., storage and 
energy efﬁciency improvements) can increase energy reliability and 
reduce vulnerabilities to climate change, especially in rural populations 
(high conﬁdence). Climate responsive energy markets, updated design 
standards on energy assets according to current and projected climate 
change, smart-grid technologies, robust transmission systems and 
improved capacity to respond to supply deﬁcits have high feasibility 
in the medium- to long-term, with mitigation co-beneﬁts (very high 
conﬁdence). {WGII SPM B.5.3, WGII SPM C.2.10; WGIII TS.5.1}
4.5.2. Industry
There are several options to reduce industrial emissions 
that differ by type of industry; many industries are disrupted 
by climate change, especially from extreme events (high 
conﬁdence). Reducing industry emissions will entail coordinated 
action throughout value chains to promote all mitigation options, 
including demand management, energy and materials efﬁciency, 
circular material ﬂows, as well as abatement technologies and