Mitigation Actions to Date
There has been a consistent expansion of policies and laws 
addressing mitigation since AR5 (high conﬁdence). Climate 
governance supports mitigation by providing frameworks through 
which diverse actors interact, and a basis for policy development and 
implementation (medium conﬁdence). Many regulatory and economic 
instruments have already been deployed successfully (high conﬁdence). 
By 2020, laws primarily focussed on reducing GHG emissions existed in 
56 countries covering 53% of global emissions (medium conﬁdence). 
The application of diverse policy instruments for mitigation at the 
national and sub-national levels has grown consistently across a 
range of sectors (high conﬁdence). Policy coverage is uneven across 
sectors and remains limited for emissions from agriculture, and from 
industrial materials and feedstocks (high conﬁdence). {WGIII SPM B.5, 
WGIII SPM B.5.2, WGIII SPM E.3, WGIII SPM E.4}
Practical experience has informed economic instrument design 
and helped to improve predictability, environmental effectiveness, 
economic efﬁciency, alignment with distributional goals, and social 
acceptance (high conﬁdence). Low-emission technological innovation 
is strengthened through the combination of technology-push policies, 
together with policies that create incentives for behaviour change and 
market opportunities (high conﬁdence) (Section 4.8.3). Comprehensive 
and consistent policy packages have been found to be more effective 
2.2 Responses Undertaken to Date