{WGIII SPM B.6, WGIII SPM B.6.1, WGIII SPM B.6.3, 
WGIII SPM B.6.4, WGIII SPM C.1.1}
Policies implemented by the end of 2020 are projected to result in 
higher global GHG emissions in 2030 than those implied by NDCs, 
indicating an ‘implementation gap94’ (high conﬁdence) (Table 2.2, 
Figure 2.5). Projected global emissions implied by policies implemented 
by the end of 2020 are 57 (52–60) GtCO2-eq in 2030 (Table 2.2). This 
points to an implementation gap compared with the NDCs of 4 to 
7 GtCO2-eq in 2030 (Table 2.2); without a strengthening of policies, 
emissions are projected to rise, leading to a median global warming 
of 2.2°C to 3.5°C (very likely range) by 2100 (medium confidence)
(see Section 3.1.1). {WGIII SPM B.6.1, WGIII SPM C.1}