Additionally, methodological 
advances and new datasets have provided a more complete spatial representation of changes in surface temperature, including in the Arctic. These and other improvements 
have also increased the estimate of global surface temperature change by approximately 0.1°C, but this increase does not represent additional physical warming since AR5 
{WGI SPM A1.2 and footnote 10}
65 
For 1850–1900 to 2013–2022 the updated calculations are 1.15 [1.00 to 1.25]°C for global surface temperature, 1.65 [1.36 to 1.90]°C for land temperatures and 
0.93 [0.73 to 1.04]°C for ocean temperatures above 1850–1900 using the exact same datasets (updated by 2 years) and methods as employed in WGI. 
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The period distinction with the observed assessment arises because the attribution studies consider this slightly earlier period. The observed warming to 2010–2019 is 
1.06 [0.88 to 1.21]°C. {WGI SPM footnote 11}
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Contributions from emissions to the 2010–2019 warming relative to 1850–1900 assessed from radiative forcing studies are: CO2 0.8 [0.5 to 1.2]°C; methane 0.5 [0.3 to 0.8]°C; 
nitrous oxide 0.1 [0.0 to 0.2]°C and ﬂuorinated gases 0.1 [0.0 to 0.2]°C.
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For 2021 (the most recent year for which ﬁnal numbers are available) concentrations using the same observational products and methods as in AR6 WGI are: 415 ppm CO2; 
1896 ppb CH4; and 335 ppb N2O. Note that the CO2 is reported here using the WMO-CO2-X2007 scale to be consistent with WGI. Operational CO2 reporting has since been 
updated to use the WMO-CO2-X2019 scale.
the past six decades, with regional differences (high conﬁdence).