Panel (c) Observed impacts on ecosystems 
and human systems attributed to climate change at global and regional scales. Global assessments focus on large studies, multi-species, meta-analyses and large reviews. Regional 
assessments consider evidence on impacts across an entire region and do not focus on any country in particular. For human systems, the direction of impacts is assessed and both 
adverse and positive impacts have been observed e.g., adverse impacts in one area or food item may occur with positive impacts in another area or food item (for more details and 
methodology see WGII SMTS.1).  Physical water availability includes balance of water available from various sources including ground water, water quality and demand for water. 
Global mental health and displacement assessments reﬂect only assessed regions. Conﬁdence levels reﬂect the assessment of attribution of the observed impact to climate change. 
{WGI Figure SPM.3, Table TS.5, Interactive Atlas; WGII Figure SPM.2, WGII SMTS.1, WGII 8.3.1, Figure 8.5; ; WGIII 2.2.3}