Around 48% of the global population in 2019 lives in countries 
emitting on average more than 6 tCO2-eq per capita, 35% of the global 
population live in countries emitting more than 9 tCO2-eq per capita70 
(excluding CO2-LULUCF) while another 41% live in countries emitting less 
than 3 tCO2-eq per capita. A substantial share of the population in these 
low-emitting countries lack access to modern energy services. (high conﬁdence)
{WGIII SPM B.3, WGIII SPM B3.1, WGIII SPM B.3.2, WGIII SPM B.3.3}
Net GHG emissions have increased since 2010 across all major 
sectors (high conﬁdence). In 2019, approximately 34% (20 GtCO2-eq) 
of net global GHG emissions came from the energy sector, 24% 
(14 GtCO2-eq) from industry, 22% (13 GtCO2-eq) from AFOLU, 15% 
(8.7 GtCO2-eq) from transport and 6% (3.3 GtCO2-eq) from buildings71 
(high conﬁdence). Average annual GHG emissions growth between 
69 
GHG emission metrics are used to express emissions of different GHGs in a common unit. Aggregated GHG emissions in this report are stated in CO2-equivalents (CO2-eq) using 
the Global Warming Potential with a time horizon of 100 years (GWP100) with values based on the contribution of Working Group I to the AR6. The AR6 WGI and WGIII reports 
contain updated emission metric values, evaluations of different metrics with regard to mitigation objectives, and assess new approaches to aggregating gases. The choice of 
metric depends on the purpose of the analysis and all GHG emission metrics have limitations and uncertainties, given that they simplify the complexity of the physical climate 
system and its response to past and future GHG emissions.