http___www.bbc.com_news_world-31013636._EF_BF_BD_EF_BF_BD.xml
https___www.bbc.com_nepali_news_2015_01_150128_world_bank_group_pandemics_mechanism_1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.1 16.2 17.1 18.1 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1
Ebola crisis: World 'dangerously unprepared' for future pandemics The world is "dangerously unprepared" for future deadly pandemics like the Ebola outbreak in West Africa, the president of the World Bank has warned. Jim Yong Kim, speaking in Washington, said it was vital that governments, corporations, aid agencies and insurance companies worked together to prepare for future outbreaks. He said they needed to learn lessons from the Ebola crisis. More than 8,500 people have died, most in Sierra Leone, Guinea and Liberia. "The Ebola outbreak has been devastating in terms of lives lost and the loss of economic growth," Mr Kim told an audience at Georgetown University. "We need to make sure that we get to zero cases in this Ebola outbreak. At the same time, we need to prepare for future pandemics that could become far more deadly and infectious than what we have seen so far with Ebola. We must learn the lessons from the Ebola outbreak because there is no doubt we will be faced with other pandemics in the years to come." 'Insurance policy' Mr Kim said the World Bank Group had been working with the World Health Organisation (WHO), other UN agencies, academics, insurance company officials and others to work on a concept of developing a financial "pandemic facility". He said he expected a proposal for this to be presented to leaders of developed and developing countries in the coming months. Mr Kim said the proposal would probably involve a combination of bonds and insurance plans but that, in some ways, the facility could be similar to a homeowner's insurance policy. "This could work like insurance policies that people understand, like fire insurance," he said. "The more that you are prepared for a fire, such as having several smoke detectors in your house, the lower the premium you pay. "The more that countries, multi-lateral institutions, corporations and donors work together to prepare for future pandemics - by building stronger health systems, improved surveillance and chains of supply and transportation, and fast-acting medical response teams - the lower the premium as well. "That would benefit donors and others who would pay the premium, but the greatest benefit would be that market mechanisms would help us to push improvements in our preparedness for epidemics." He said that one possible outcome of a pandemic facility would be a stronger World Health Organisation. He said disease-control agencies in developing countries could also develop greater capacity. Mr Kim said informal talks on the subject had also been held at last week's World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. Slow response His talk, "Lessons from Ebola: Toward a post-2015 strategy for pandemic response", was the inaugural Global Futures Lecture at Georgetown. Correspondents say there is general acknowledgement among governments and global health agencies that the international response to the Ebola crisis was belated and disorganised. The WHO recently announced a series of reforms, admitting that it had been too slow to respond to the outbreak in West Africa. At an emergency session in Geneva, director-general Margaret Chan said Ebola had taught the world and the WHO how they must act in the future. She said the corner had been turned on infections but warned against complacency. Reforms announced included a dedicated contingency fund "to support rapid responses to outbreaks and emergencies". There would also be improvements in international co-ordination and greater support for countries that needed to respond quickly to emergencies.
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1
महामारीविरुद्ध लड्ने संयन्त्र निर्माणको प्रस्ताव महामारीविरुद्ध लड्नका निम्ति विश्व समुदाय राम्रोसंग तयार नरहेको भन्दै विश्व बैंक समूहका प्रमुख जिम योङ्ग किमले विभिन्न पक्षबीच सहकार्य हुने गरी एउटा साझा संयन्त्रको स्थापना गर्नेसम्बन्धी दृष्टिकोण प्रस्तुत गरेका छन्। उक्त दृष्टिकोण अनुसार बिमा कम्पनीहरु, सरकारहरु, बहुपक्षीय कम्पनीहरु तथा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय दाताहरु मिलेर एउटा प्रणाली स्थापनाका निम्ति काम गर्नेछन्, जसले सबै मुलुकहरुलाई स्वास्थ्यसंग सम्बन्धित संभावित विपद्हरुको सामना गर्नका निम्ति सघाउनेछ। जर्जटाउन विश्वविद्यालयमा सहभागीहरुलाई किमले भने, “गिनी, लाइबेरिया र सियरा लियोनमा ज्यान लिने र आर्थिक वृद्धिमा नोक्सानी पुर्याउने सन्दर्भमा इबोला भाइरसको महामारी भयावह रहेको छ।” इबोला भाइरसको एकजना पनि बिरामी नरहने सुनिश्चित गर्नुपर्ने उनले बताए। खतरनाक भविष्यमा इबोला भाइरसभन्दा पनि खतरनाक र संक्रामक महामारीको सामना गर्नका निम्ति तयारी गर्नुपर्ने किमको भनाई थियो। उनले भने, “यस्तो महामारी निम्ति समर्पित स्रोत चाहिन्छ, इबोलाको प्रसंगमा शुरु भईसकेपछि ९ महिनामा स्रोत परिचालन गरेको अनुभवले देखाउँछ त्यो प्रभावकारी छैन्, त्यसैले छिट्टै परिचालन हुनसक्ने संयन्त्र विकास गर्नुपर्छ।” आउने वर्षहरुमा अन्य महामारीको सामना गर्नुपर्ने कुरामा कुनै शंका नरहेको भन्दै उनले इबोला भाइरसको महामारीबाट पाठ सिक्नुपर्ने बताए। किमका अनुसार, महामारीको सामना गर्नका निम्ति अवधारणा तयार पार्न धेरै महिनादेखि विश्व बैंक समूहले विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन, राष्ट्रसंघीय अन्य निकायहरु, प्राज्ञिक संस्थाहरु, बिमा कम्पनीका अधिकारीहरु लगायतसंग काम गरिरहेको छ। सुदृढ स्वीट्जरल्याण्डको डाभोसमा गत साता भएको विश्व आर्थिक मञ्चको बैठकमा पनि त्यसबारे अनौपचारिक छलफल गरिएको उनले जनाए। विकसित र विकासशील देशका नेताहरुसमक्ष त्यससम्बन्धी प्रस्ताव आउने महिनाहरुमा पेश गरिने किमले विश्वास व्यक्त गरे। उनले भने, “मानिसहरुले बुझ्ने अग्नि बिमा जस्तै उक्त बिमा नीतिले काम गर्नेछ।” महामारीसंग लड्ने संयन्त्रको निर्माणले विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठनलाई अझ सुदृढ बनाउने र विकासशील मुलुकहरुमा रोग नियन्त्रण गर्ने सशक्त क्षेत्रीय निकायहरुका निम्ति क्षमता अभिवृद्धि गर्ने किमको भनाई थियो।