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Page Contents When buying wireless routers, you must have come across the term MU-MIMO. But do you know what it is? Or what role does it play in wireless routers? MU-MIMO is short for Multiple User – Multiple Input, Multiple Output. It is also known as MIMO. It is a key technology behind the development of next-generation wireless networks. This technology is commonly used to connect Wi-Fi routers to multiple devices at the same time. It might sound complicated to you, but it is a very useful technique when it comes to multiple devices trying to connect to the same network simultaneously. It is a part of the 802.11ac Wave 2 wireless protocol, which was finalized in 2015 by Wi-Fi Alliance. If you want a deeper insight into this technology and learn how it works, you should give this article a read. What is MU-MIMO? MU-MIMO is an important aspect of wireless technology and is supported by endpoint devices and routers. When you connect more than one device to your home Wi-Fi, it reduces the network speed. This happens because most routers are capable of communicating with only one device at a time. This is called a single-user or SU-MIMO router. In this case, each device has to wait for its turn to receive and send data from the internet. But it takes longer when there is more than one device connected to the router. This is where the MU-MIMO comes into the picture. It takes single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) to the next level. MIMO was developed to help connect multiple devices to a single access point at the same time. This was done by increasing the number of antennas in a Wi-Fi router. In simple words, MIMO enables a wireless router to communicate with several devices simultaneously. Doing so speeds up the network and reduces the time each device has to wait for a signal. In today’s time, almost every household has more than 7-8 devices battling for bandwidth at the same time. But with the help of MIMO technology, you can drastically improve your Wi-Fi experience. This technology is also referred to as AC Wave 2 or Next-Gen AC. The AC part refers to the 802.11ac protocol. Just so you know MIMO doesn’t support any standard lower than the mentioned protocol. In the beginning, the MIMO was supported by only access points and routers. But nowadays, it is supported by several endpoint devices as well. What are the MU-MIMO Technology Benefits? MIMO has several advantages over SU-MIMO. It supports demanding online activities such as online gaming, video streaming, and others. A MIMO-based device can send and receive signals to and from different sources at once. In other words, it gives you a true multi-user wireless experience. The main benefits of MIMO technology are: Supports Multi-user Wireless Communication The whole purpose of MIMO is to allow multiple endpoint devices to connect to a single access point simultaneously. It is designed to facilitate a true multi-user wireless communication experience. Complements Beamforming Beamforming can be described as a signal processing technique that focuses electromagnetic signals towards a specific user or target area. By doing so, it helps expand the signal range, reduce frequency interference, and improve the overall transmission speeds. Reduces Network Buffering and Lags Another big advantage is that it makes your network faster. It increases the transmission speed by reducing network lagging and buffering. This is done by dividing or breaking up the network bandwidth and directing it to all the connected devices. This enables it to support high downstream applications. Reduces BER BER stands for bit error rate, which can be reduced with the help of MIMO through the application of signal processing algorithms. This in turn helps improve signal quality, optimize data transmission routes, and expand reach. Supports other MIMO Technologies It also supports other MIMO-based technologies to include cooperative net-MIMO with distributed antennas from base stations, network routers, and endpoint devices. This way it improves the overall network performance. Reliable Signal It provides a constant, reliable signal even when there are a plethora of devices connected to the same network simultaneously. Boosts Network Capacity It can easily boost network capacity by enabling access points to handle demanding online activities like gaming and streaming. It reduces network latency, so you can enjoy things like video calls, classes, webinars, and more. How Does MU-MIMO Technology Work in Wireless Devices? First of all, the MU-MIMO technology was created to support environments where multiple devices try to connect to a single network simultaneously. When multiple devices battle to access the router at the same time, it results in congestion. This happens because router services are based on a first-come, first-service protocol. So if the first device is connected, the other devices will have to wait for their turn. But MIMO has the power to transform the way devices connect to a wireless network. It allows multiple devices to communicate with a single access point, without reducing speed or causing network congestion. This technology is designed to work with a downlink wireless connection, so it can allow multiple devices to communicate to the network at the same time. To understand how MIMO works, you need to first understand its working principle. For MIMO to work, both the access point and device must have multiple, identical radio antenna chains that are physically separated. Let’s say, an access point that can send radiofrequency on one stream and receive it on another is 1×1. But a 2×2 device supports up to two streams in each direction, a 3×3 device supports three streams, and so on. A device capable of supporting more streams will always be compatible with a device that supports fewer streams. However, the device with fewer streams will limit the performance. A transmitting radio chain sends a spatial stream that is reconstructed by the receiver’s radio chain. In MIMO, each radio chain transmits a spatial stream in the same frequency channel as the transmitter. This stream is received by each antenna on each of its antenna chains. The receiver can then reconstruct the original streams. Transmit Beamforming Beamforming is another important thing related to MU-MIMO technology. It focuses the same spatial stream on multiple antennas and thus, expanding range. MIMO leverages the power of beamforming, a feature of 11ax and 11ac that focuses signal towards the target device. It channels the signal to connected devices, instead of random direction. This way the signal is used more efficiently, which in turn enables MIMO to expand the Wi-Fi range and speed. Instead of transmitting signals around an entire area, an antenna sends radio signals from a single location to multiple endpoints. This helps it to create faster, stronger, and better wireless communication. Types of MU-MIMO Now that you know how MU-MIMO works, let’s talk about the types. Yes, there is more than one type of MU-MIMO and each of them serves a different purpose. This includes: MIMO-MAC This type of MIMO technology is used as a multiple access channel in uplink environments. In MIMO-MAC, most of the processing work is performed by the receiver itself. Compared to other types, MIMO-MAC requires large levels of uplink capacities. Cross-layer MIMO This is known to drastically improve the performance of MIMO links. It solves problems that might occur when configuring MIMO. MIMO-BC This is used in MIMO broadcast channels to provide more throughout. Cooperative MIMO CO-MIMO makes use of distributed antennas from other users, instead of just using the ones belonging to a terminal. Dirty Paper Coding This type of MIMO is employed in telecommunications. It allows for efficient data transmission through a channel and that too without interference. Which Types of Wi-Fi Routers Support MU-MIMO? The MU-MIMO technology is available on all modern Wi-Fi routers as well as mesh Wi-Fi systems, that came after the 802.11ac Wave 2 protocol. After testing a bunch of different routers and Wi-Fi mesh systems, we have found the devices listed below to be the best. - Premium: ASUS ROG Rapture GT-AC5C300, ASUS RT-AC86U, TP-LINK AC3200, TP-LINK DECO M5, and TP-LINK ARCHER C5400. - Mid-Range: LINKYSYS EA7500 v2, ASUS BLUE CAVE, and TP-LINK ARCHER C2600. - Low-End: TP-LINK ARCHER C5 v4, ASUS RT-AC1200G, and TP-LINK ARCHER C1200. Final Words Modern homes have a plethora of devices that require constant Wi-Fi access. Buying an MU-MIMO-based router can be advantageous to you in various ways. Unlike SU-MIMO, it can handle multiple devices at the same time, without causing network congestion. You can use a MIMO-based router even with devices that don’t support MIMO. But to get faster download speeds, you need devices with MIMO support. When buying new gadgets like smartphones, computers, etc., make sure that it is compatible with the 802.11ac protocol. Also, they should support MIMO transfers. If you have more than 7 or 8 devices at home, it is recommended you get an MU-MIMO-based router. This will provide you with a true multi-user wireless communication experience at home. But make sure that you get the router from a reputable brand. Read Related Post: - 7 Best AT&T Compatible Routers [All Approved Models] - Best 7 WOW Compatible Modems Reviews & Buying Guide[All Approved Models] - The 10 Best DD-WRT Router Reviews & Buying Guide - 7 Best RCN Approved Modems [Compatible & Certified List by RCN] - Top 7 Modem Router Combo For Comcast Xfinity [Complete Review] I am Editor, in charge of designing content for Routers Network. I aspire to use my experiences in marketing to create reliable and necessary information related to Networking.
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आजको दिनमा घर, अफिस लगायत अन्य क्षेत्रमा वाई-फाई अनिवार्य नै भइसकेको छ । सहज इन्टरनेटको उपलब्धताको लागि पनि वाई-फाईको प्रयोग अहिले सामान्य जस्तै भइसकेको छ । वाई-फाई राम्रोसँग चल्न तपाईंले प्रयोग गर्ने राउटरको ठूलो भूमिका रहन्छ । यसर्थ राउटर किन्ने बेलामा धेरै कुराहरू ध्यान दिन आवश्यक छ । १. वाई-फाई स्ट्यान्डर्ड वाई-फाई राउटर खरिद गर्ने बेलामा सबैभन्दा ध्यान दिनुपर्ने कुरा भनेको राउटरले सपोर्ट गर्ने स्ट्यान्डर्ड हो । अर्थात तपाईंले राउटर किन्दा यसले वायरलेस सेवाको नयाँ भर्जनहरूलाई पनि सपोर्ट गर्न सक्छ कि सक्दैन भनेर थाहा पाउनु आवश्यक छ । पहिले पहिले IEEE802.11a अथवा 802.11b वायरलेस स्ट्यान्डर्डका राउटरहरू प्रयोगमा थिए र अहिले पनि छन् । यी स्ट्यान्डर्डका राउटरहरूले अहिलेको नयाँ भर्जनको राउटर पनि सपोर्ट त गर्छ, तर हामीले लामो समयसम्म प्रयोग गर्नको लागि भने राउटरको स्ट्यान्डर्डमा ध्यान दिन जरूरी छ । अहिलेको पछिल्लो नयाँ स्ट्यान्डर्ड 802.11ac रहेको छ, जुन अहिलेका प्राय सबै नयाँ राउटरका स्ट्यान्डर्ड हुन् । यो नयाँ स्ट्यान्डर्ड भएको राउटरले गिगाबाइटसम्मको इन्टरनेट स्पिडलाई सपोर्ट गर्छ, जबकि पहिलेको स्ट्यान्डर्डमा ६०० एमबीपीएस सम्मको इन्टरनेटलाई मात्र सपोर्ट गर्छ । यद्यपि राउटर मात्र राम्रो भएर भने पुग्दैन तपाईंको डिभाइसले पनि हाई-स्ट्यान्डरलाई सपोर्ट गर्नसक्ने हुनुपर्छ । २. वाई-फाई स्पिड स्पेसिफिकेशन बजारमा आफ्नो उत्पादन बिक्री गर्नको लागि सम्पूर्ण निर्माण कम्पनीहरूले आफ्नो राउटरले उत्कृष्ट स्पिड उपलब्ध गराउने 802.11 स्ट्यान्डर्डमा आधारित राउटर हो भनेर दाबी गर्ने गर्छन् । यद्यपि यो सम्भव भने छैन । धेरै प्रयोगकर्ता हुँदा वा भित्ताहरूले वाई-फाईको सिग्नल ब्लक गर्दा वा अन्य केही बाधाहरूका कारण पनि इन्टरनेटको स्पिड कम भइरहेको हुन्छ । यसो भन्दैमा आत्तिहाल्नुपर्ने स्थिति भने छैन । किनभने आजभोलिको प्राय राउटरमा हाई इन्टरनेट स्पिड सपोर्ट हुने गर्छ । ३. राउटरको वायर इन्टरफेस वाई-फाई राउटर विभिन्न प्रकारका हुन्छन् । केही ब्रोडब्यान्ड मात्र सपोर्ट गर्ने खालका हुन्छन् भने केहीले इथरनेट र अन्य कनेक्सन पनि सपोर्ट गर्ने प्रकारका हुन्छन् । प्रायजसाे राउटरहरूले ब्रोन्डब्याण्ड र इथरनेट दुवै सपोर्ट गर्छ । तर राउटर खरिद गर्ने बेलामा यस विषयमा ढुक्क हुनु आवश्यक छ । त्यसैले राउटर खरिद गर्दा ब्रोडब्यान्ड, इथरनेट अथवा यूएसबीलाई सपोर्ट गर्ने राउटर खरिद गर्नु उपयुक्त हुन्छ । यूएसबी पोर्ट सहितको राउटरले लोकल स्ट्रिमिङहरूका लागि सहयोग पुर्याउँछ । यसमा यूएसबी २ भन्दा यूएसबी ३ अथवा यूएसबी ३.१ को कनेक्सन भएको राउटर किन्दा राम्रो हुन्छ । ४. सुरक्षा ह्याकिङ सम्बन्धी विभिन्न घटनाहरूको विषयमा समाचारहरू सुनिरहेका हुन्छौं । त्यसैले राउटर खरिद गर्दा सुरक्षाको दृष्टिकोणले अनुकूल हुने राउटर खरिद गर्नुपर्छ । वायरलेस नेटवर्क जति नै सहज हुन्छ त्यति नै असुरक्षित पनि हुन्छ । नेटवर्क राम्रोसँग सुरक्षा गर्न सकिएन भने राउटरको पहुँचमा हुने जोकोहीले पनि तपाईंको सूचना चोरी गर्न सक्छ । त्यसैले राउटर खरिद गर्दा कम्तीमा पनि डब्लुपीए ई भर्सनको राउटर लिनु उपयुक्त हुन्छ । राउटरले राम्रोसँग काम गर्न भने डब्लुपीए २ सपोर्ट गर्ने डिभाइस भए पनि हुन जरुरी छ । ५. वाई-फाई ब्याण्ड सामान्यतया वाई-फाई ब्यान्ड २.४ गिगाहर्ज र ५ गिगाहर्जको हुने गर्छ । केही राउटरमा यी दुवै अप्सन हुन्छन्, जसलाई डुअल ब्याण्ड वाई-फाई राउटर भनिन्छ भने केही राउटरमा यीदुई मध्ये एउटा ब्याण्ड मात्र हुन्छ । कहिले काहिँ केही वाई-फाई राउटरमा दुईवटा फरक रेडियोहरू प्रयोग भएको हुन्छ, अर्थात ती दुई रेडियोले दुई फरक वायरलेस नेटवर्क सेटअप गर्न सघाउँछ । प्रत्येक रेडियोमा दुई फरक ब्याण्ड हुन्छन्, जसले इन्टरनेटको स्पिड बढाउन मद्दत गर्छ । त्यसैले डुअल ब्याण्ड राउटर प्रयोग गरेको खण्डमा यसले तपाईंको आवश्यकता अनुसारको पर्फर्मेन्स दिन्छ । ६. एमयू-एमआईएमओ (MU-MIMO) सहितको राउटर अहिलेका धेरैजसो राउटरमा एमयु-एमआईएमओको सुविधा हुन्छ, जसले हाई स्पिड डेटा डेलिभर गर्न मद्दत गर्छ । एमयू-एमआईएमओ अर्थात मल्टी युजर, मल्टिपल इनपुट र मल्टिपल आउटपुट सुविधा भएको राउटरले एकभन्दा बढी डिभाइस प्रयोग गर्दा सबै डिभाइसमा बराबर इन्टरनेट उपलब्ध गराउँछ । धेरै जनाले इन्टरनेट प्रयोग गर्दा पनि स्पिडमा खासै प्रभाव गर्दैन । ७. राउटर एन्टेना वायरलेस डिभाइसहरूका लागि एन्टेना एकदमै महत्त्वपुर्ण हुन्छ, विशेषगरी वाई-फाई राउटरमा । त्यसैले राउटर खरिद गर्दा यसको एन्टेनाको विषयमा बुझेर खरिद गर्नु उपयुक्त हुन्छ । कस्तो कनेक्सन पाउने भनेर राउटरको एन्टेनामा भर पर्छ । त्यसैले राउटर खरिद गर्दा आफ्नो आवश्यकता अनुसारको एन्टेना भएको राउटर किन्नु ठीक हुन्छ । सामन्यतया राउटरको एन्टेना राउटरको टपमा हुन्छ भने केहीमा इन्टर्नल एन्टेना हुन्छ । यद्यपि इन्टरनेटको सिग्नल इन्टर्नलभन्दा राउटरको टपमा भएको एन्टेनाले राम्रो सिग्नल दिन्छ । त्यस्तै इन्टरनेटको राम्रो कभरेजको लागि एन्टेना एडजस्ट गर्न मिल्ने राउटर पनि प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ । ८. राउटर विम फोर्मिङ केही राउटरहरूमा विम फोर्मिङ भन्ने क्षमता हुन्छ, जसले वाई-फाई सिग्नल बलियो र स्पिड बढाउन मद्दत गर्छ । विम फोर्मिङ भनेको स्पासियल फिल्टरिङ हो, जसले सबै डिभाइसलाई एकमुष्टभन्दा पनि बराबर स्पिड सहित प्रति डिभाइस सिग्नल उपलब्ध गराउँछ । राम्रो इन्टनेट अनुभवको लागि विम फोर्मिङ सुविधा भएको राउटर खरिद गर्नु उपयुक्त हुन्छ ।