https___inspireherald.com_2020_06_18_almost-80-million-displaced-and-refugees-worldwide-in-2019-fleeing-war-conflict-or-persecution-a-record_.xml
https___samajtimes.com_2022_06_20_18042__1.xml
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The 2019 High Commissioner for Refugees reports shows that 45.7 of the 79.5 million people uprooted in late 2019 had fled to other parts of their country, while the rest went abroad. Almost 80 million people fled war, conflict or persecution in 2019. This is an unprecedented number. This is what was revealed this Thursday by the report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). These forced displacements represent more than 1% of humanity, that is to say, one person in 97 who is uprooted. There were 79.5 million internally displaced persons and refugees in 2019. Never in some 70 years of existence has the UNHCR recorded more forced displacement in the world. In 2018, there were 70.8 million uprooted. According to the UNHCR, the prospects for a rapid end to the suffering of the refugees “are getting more and more diminished. ” Thirty years ago, a million and a half refugees could hope to return to their country each year. Over the past decade, that number has risen to around 385,000, out of nearly 80 million displaced. In ten years, 100 million people have had to flee The 2019 High Commission for Refugees reports shows that 45.7 of the 79.5 million people uprooted in late 2019 had fled to other parts of their country. The rest have gone abroad. And in the past decade, at least 100 million people have been forced to flee their homes to seek refuge in their country or abroad. This annual increase in the number of uprooted people is mainly due to two factors. The UNHCR first points to the ” worrying new waves of displacement in 2019″, notably in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Sahel, Yemen and Syria. The second factor concerns the situation of Venezuelans outside their country, many of whom “are not legally registered as refugees or asylum seekers”. Difficult access to education for uprooted children Over 80% of refugees also end up in developing countries with fragile health systems. But UNHCR is also worried about already uprooted children who have more than difficult access to education. The pandemic has closed schools in the camps. The displaced children are more than 30 million, the cumulative total of the populations of Australia, Denmark and Mongolia. A situation made worse by the closure of borders linked to the Covid-19 pandemic. The virus has already hit a vulnerable and precarious population hard. This is the case of Syrians refugees in Lebanon for whom the virus “has further exacerbated their difficulties, ” said Céline Schmitt, spokesperson for the UNHCR. More than half of the refugees interviewed in May by UNHCR said: ” they have lost their livelihoods, including their jobs because these are often daily jobs”. Over 70% of them said “that they have been forced to cut down on the number of their meals per day”. “You cannot expect people to live in turmoil for years without the possibility of going home or building a future for themselves, “said United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grownup. We must adopt a fundamentally innovative and more welcoming attitude towards those who flee. He calls for “an end to the conflicts that have persisted for years and are the source of this intense suffering” . UNHCR urges all countries around the world ” to do more to provide a home for the millions of refugees and other people uprooted by conflict, persecution or any other event that upsets public order”.
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दश करोड मानिस आफ्नो घर छोड्न बाध्य काठमाडौं । आज जुन २० अर्थात् विश्व शरणार्थी दिवस। संयुक्त राष्ट्रको एक प्रतिवेदनले गत वर्ष १० करोड मानिस आफ्नो घर छोड्न बाध्य भएको उल्लेख गरेको छ। शरणार्थीका लागि संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघीय उच्च आयोग (युएनएचसीआर) को सन् १९५१ मा स्थापना भएयता युक्रेनमा सबैभन्दा धेरै र छिटो बढिरहेको शरणार्थी समस्या भएको जनाइएको छ। युएनएचसीआरले यसलाई दोस्रो विश्वयुद्धपछि अभिलेखवद्ध सबैभन्दा धेरै विस्थापित भएको घटना भएको बताएको छ । अफ्रिकाको सहेल क्षेत्रबाट इयु आउने शरणार्थीहरू बढ्न सक्ने पनि ग्लोबल ट्रेन्ड्स रिपोर्टले जनाएको छ। युएनएचसीआरले इयु सहेल क्षेत्रबाट भागेका शरणार्थीहरूको बारेमा चिन्तित हुनुपर्छ भनेको छ । युएनएचसीआरका अनुसार गत वर्ष विश्वभरि १० करोड मानिस आफ्नो घर छोड्न बाध्य भएका थिए । यो दोस्रो विश्वयुद्ध पछि रेकर्ड भएको सबैभन्दा धेरै विस्थापित व्यक्तिहरूको संख्या हो । सन् १९५१ मा शरणार्थीका लागि संयुक्त राष्ट्रसङ्घीय उच्च आयोग (युएनएचसीआर) स्थापना भए यता युक्रेनमा सबैभन्दा ठूलो र द्रुत तवरले बढिरहेको शरणार्थी सङ्कट भएको उक्त निकायले आफ्नो ग्लोबल ट्रेन्ड्स रिपोर्टमा जनाएको छ । युक्रेनमा रुसी आक्रमणसँगै अफगानिस्तानको संकट पनि १० करोडको ‘ठूलो संख्या’ मा शरणार्थी पुर्याउने गर्ने प्रमुख घटनाहरू हुन्। प्रतिवेदनले विगत एक दशकमा प्रत्येक वर्ष शरणार्थी समस्या बढ्दै गएको उल्लेख गरेको छ । शरणार्थीका लागि संयुक्त राष्ट्रसङ्घीय उच्चायुक्त फिलिपो ग्रान्डीले अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय समुदायले द्वन्द्व समाधान गर्न र समाधान खोज्न कदम नचालेसम्म यो प्रवृत्ति जारी रहने बताएका छन्। युक्रेन युद्धले खाद्य सुरक्षा संकट सिर्जना गरेको छ, जसले गरिब देशहरूमा धेरै मानिसहरूलाई आफ्नो घर छोड्न बाध्य तुल्याएको छ- युएनएचसीआरले भनेको छ । फिलिपो ग्रान्डीका अनुसार सहायता रकम युक्रेनमा केन्द्रित भइरहेको छ, विश्वभरका अन्य सहायता कार्यक्रमहरूका लागि कम सहयोग जुटेको बताउनु भएको छ ‘युक्रेन संकटले अन्य संकटहरू छायाँमा पार्नु हुँदैन’- उहाँले भन्नुभयो । ग्रान्डीले शरणार्थी सङ्कटप्रति युरोपेली सङ्घको प्रतिक्रिया असमान रहेको बताउनुभयो। ‘पक्कै पनि यसले महत्त्वपूर्ण कुरा प्रमाणित गर्छः शरणार्थीहरूको आगमनलाई प्रत्युत्तर दिन, धनी देशहरूको किनार वा सीमानामा निराश मानिसहरूको आगमनलाई व्यवस्था गर्न नसकिने खालको छैन’- उनले भने । सहेल क्षेत्रका शरणार्थीहरू ग्रान्डीले इन्धनको मूल्यवृद्धि, जलवायु संकट र हिंसाबाट बच्न अफ्रिकाको साहेल क्षेत्रबाट धेरैभन्दा धेरै मानिसहरू पलायन भइरहेको बताए । यी विस्थापित मानिसहरू संकटबाट बच्न उत्तरबाट युरोपतिर जान सक्छन् । उनले यस क्षेत्रले वर्षौंदेखि खडेरी र बाढी, आय असमानता, कमजोर स्वास्थ्य सेवा र खराब शासनको सामना गरिसकेको बताए । बढ्दो खाद्य सुरक्षा संकटले समस्या थपेको छ। ‘म साहेलको बारेमा धेरै चिन्तित छु । र मलाई लाग्दैन कि हामी यो क्षेत्रको बारेमा पर्याप्त कुरा गर्छौं जुन युरोपबाट निकै नजिक अवस्थित छ’- उनले भने । प्रतिवेदनले युक्रेन, भेनेजुएला, म्यानमार, सिरिया र त्यसभन्दा बाहिरको संकटले अवस्थालाई थप खराब बनाएको जनाएको छ । प्रस्तुति मनोजराज रेग्मी तस्बिर सौजन्यः युएनएचसीआर श्रोत: आइएनएस-स्वतन्त्र समाचार