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Although committed to preserving the Soviet state and to its socialist ideals, Gorbachev believed significant reform was necessary, particularly after the 1986 Chernobyl disaster. In the wake of this, the Soviet Union dissolved against Gorbachev’s wishes and he resigned. What caused the fall of the Soviet Union? Gorbachev’s decision to allow elections with a multi-party system and create a presidency for the Soviet Union began a slow process of democratization that eventually destabilized Communist control and contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union. Why did Gorbachev win the Nobel Peace Prize? Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev wins the Nobel Peace Prize for his work in ending Cold War tensions. Gorbachev also earned the respect of many in the West through his policy of non-intervention in the political upheavals that shook the Eastern European “satellite” nations during the late-1980s and early-1990s. Did Mikhail Gorbachev win a Nobel Peace Prize? The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the 1990 Nobel Peace Prize to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, president of the Soviet Union, for his leading role in the peace process which today characterizes important parts of the international community. What was the result of perestroika? Perestroika lasted from 1985 until 1991, and is sometimes argued to be a significant cause of the collapse of the Eastern Bloc and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. This marked the end of the Cold War. What were the causes and consequences of the collapse of the Soviet Union? Crime, Cultural Changes and Social Upheavals The Soviet Union’s collapse not only threw economic systems and trade relations throughout Eastern Europe into a tailspin, it also produced the upheaval in many Eastern European countries and led to increased crime rates and corruption within the Russian government. You may also read, How many countries did USSR split into? The former superpower was replaced by 15 independent countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Check the answer of What was Gorbachev most famous for? Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (born 2 March 1931) is a Russian and former Soviet politician. The eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, he was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. When did Gorbachev get a Nobel Peace Prize? On this day in 1990, the Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded the Nobel Peace Prize to Mikhail Gorbachev, then president of the U.S.S.R. , “for his leading role in the peace process which today characterizes important parts of the international community.” Read: What Russian leader ended the Cold War? The end of the Cold War. When Mikhail Gorbachev assumed the reins of power in the Soviet Union in 1985, no one predicted the revolution he would bring. A dedicated reformer, Gorbachev introduced the policies of glasnost and perestroika to the USSR. What was the result of glasnost and perestroika? Glasnost allowed for economic expansion, while perestroika created political confusion. Glasnost resulted in the imprisonment of military leaders, while perestroika resulted in political freedom. Glasnost led to revolutions in Soviet states, while perestroika created economic confusion. What was the ultimate goal of perestroika? Perestroika was the name given to the movement calling for reform of the communist party in the Soviet Union during the 1980s. The ultimate goal was to restructure the political and economic system within the Soviet Union so that it could be more effective and provide for the needs of the Soviet’s citizens. What was one unintended result of glasnost? Terms in this set (10) What was one unintended result of glasnost? More citizens protested against the Soviet government. Soviet states began to declare independence. Was the Iron Curtain a real wall? The Iron Curtain was a figurative and ideological wall — and eventually a physical one — that separated the Soviet Union from western Europe after World War II. What does USSR stand for? In post-revolutionary Russia, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is established, comprising a confederation of Russia, Belorussia, Ukraine, and the Transcaucasian Federation (divided in 1936 into the Georgian, Azerbaijan, and Armenian republics).
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पूर्वसोभियत नेता मिखाइल गोर्भाचेभको निधन भएको छ । रुसी अधिकारीहरूका अनुसार मस्कोस्थित अस्पतालमा उनको मंगलबार निधन भएको हो । उनी ९१ वर्षका थिए । गोर्भाचेभको निधनको पुष्टि गर्दै रुसको सेन्ट्रल क्लिनिकल हस्पिटलले भनेको छ, ‘गम्भीर र लामो समयदेखि बिरामी रहनुभएका मिखाइल गोर्भाचेभको मंगलबार राति निधन भएको छ ।’ गोर्भाचेभ तत्कालीन सोभियत युनियनका अन्तिम राष्ट्रपति हुन् । जसले अमेरिकासँगको शीतयुद्ध अन्त्यका लागि महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाएकासमेत थिए । तर उनले सोभियत युनियन ढल्नबाट बचाउन भने सकेनन् । सन् १९८५ मा तत्कालीन सोभियत सत्ता सम्हालेका गोर्भाचेभले सुधारका प्रयास गरेका थिए । उनी सन् १९८५ देखि १९९१ सम्म सोभियत संघको कम्युनिस्ट पार्टीका महासचिव थिए । सोभियत युनियनको पतनसँगै नै आधुनिक रुसको उदय भएको मानिन्छ । स्टालिनको शासनकालमा हुर्कंदै गरेका गोर्भाचेभले दोस्रो विश्वयुद्धको असरसमेत प्रत्यक्ष देखे । युद्धपछि मस्कोमा कानुनको पढाइ गरेका उनले कम्युनिस्ट पार्टीमा आफ्नो भविष्य खोजे । साम्यवादमा सुधारको आवश्यक रहेको बताउने गोर्भाचेभ खुलापन र परिवर्तनको पक्षपातीसमेत रहेको बताइन्छ । केही कम्युनिस्ट नेताले पश्चिमसँगको घनिष्ठ सम्बन्धकै कारण उनलाई अमेरिकाको एजेन्टसम्म भन्ने गर्थे । उनलाई सन् १९९० मा नोबेल शान्ति पुरस्कार प्रदान गरिएको थियो । पूर्व र पश्चिमबीच सम्बन्ध चिसिइरहेका बेला नाटकीय रूपमा सम्बन्ध सुधार भएको बताउँदै उनलाई नोबेल शान्ति पुरस्कार दिइएको थियो । सोभियत संघलाई बचाउन नसकेकोमा भने उनी दु:खी थिए । सन् १९९१ को डिसेम्बर २५ मा गोर्भाचेभले टेलिभिजनमार्फत राष्ट्रका नाममा सम्बोधन गर्दै राजीनामाको घोषणा गरेका थिए । त्यसको भोलिपल्ट सोभियत संघ औपचारिक रूपमा विघटन भएको थियो । उनले आफ्नो संस्मरणमा लेखेका छन्, ‘मलाई आज पनि यो कुराको दु:ख छ कि मैले आफ्नो जहाज शान्त समुद्रसम्म ल्याउन सकिनँ र देशमा सुधार ल्याउने कुरालाई सफल बनाउन सकिनँ।’ संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघका महासचिव एन्टोनियो गुटेरसले गोर्भाचेभले ‘इतिहासको बाटो बदलेको’ बताएका छन् । उनले भनेका छन्, ‘मिखाइल गोर्भाचेभ एक जना असल राजनीतिज्ञ थिए । विश्वले एक विश्वनेतालाई गुमाएको छ जसले बहुलवाद र शान्तिको निरन्तर वकालत गरे ।’ सिस्ने पश्चिम नेपालको एउटा हिमाल हो । हिमालजस्तै दृढ भएर डिजिटल पत्रकारितालाई अगाडि बढाउन हामीले यो नाम रोज्यौं । हिमालजस्तै दृढ भएर अघि बढ्न संकल्प गर्ने यो हाम्रो सानो प्रयास हो ।