https___sinopersian.com_2021_10_09_how-to-be-swiss-economic-champion-and-win-a-nobel-prize_.xml
https___shivarajonline.com_archives_45957_1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.1 17.1 18.1 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 28.1 29.1 30.1 31.1 32.1 33.1 34.1 35.1 36.1 37.1 38.1 39.1 40.1 41.1 42.1 43.1 44.1 45.1 46.1
It’s time for the Swiss economic elite to embrace the “sustainable growth” buzzwords and embrace the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. For the first time in history, a Swiss economics award has been handed to a country that has managed to maintain a solid, sustainable economy in the face of the most severe global economic crisis. This week’s announcement was a major achievement in terms of advancing the careers of economists from around the world. And it has been a significant achievement in the history of the Nobel Laureates. Here’s what you need to know. What is the Nobel prize in Economic Science? The Nobel Laureate in Economics is the most prestigious award in economics, awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy. The award recognizes the achievements of the country’s economists. For example, the winner of the 2013 Nobel Prize for Economic Sciences, economist Ales Hofer, received the honor in 2013. The prize has been awarded for a number of years, but the first award was awarded in 1960. The award is divided into two parts: the “Peace Prize” and “Nobel Prize for Economics.” The Nobel Peace Prize is given to countries that have achieved a sustainable economic recovery. The Nobel Prize is awarded for achievements that reduce suffering, such as a reduction in the rate of child mortality, and the Nobel Prizes in Economic Studies are awarded to countries whose economic policies and practices have led to significant progress. The winners of the Peace Prize are not necessarily considered the winners of a Nobel Prize. In fact, they often have to work harder than the other finalists to secure the prize. But the prize also recognizes the economic achievements of individuals and small businesses that help bring about lasting economic change. What does the Nobel Peace prize mean? The Peace Prize honors countries for achieving sustainable economic growth and for helping people around the globe. The Peace Prize was awarded for countries in the middle of the economic crisis in the 1990s and 2000s, and is not the winner. In addition, the prize has not been awarded since 1960. What should you know about the Nobel laureates? In 2017, the Nobel laureate committee announced the names of seven Nobel laureate economists, three economists from the United States and three from the European Union. The laureates are: David Autor, the former chairman of the U.S. Federal Reserve; and Emmanuel Saez, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. In 2019, the committee announced seven laureates, including two from China. The other laureates were the Nobel winner who was the recipient of the 2015 Nobel Peace Prizes, economist Yves Smith, and another economist who won the 2014 Nobel Peace Laureate Prize, professor Peter Morici. The laureates include two economists from China, and one from Germany. What’s the prize for? The prize for the Peace Prize is divided between the nations of the world, including the United Kingdom, which was the second largest recipient of prize money. The Peace Prizewinners are: The economist David Autour, the French economist Thomas Piketty, the Austrian economist Friedrich Hayek, the American economist Robert Shiller, and an economist from Canada, Dr. Jeffrey Sachs. What does the prize mean for Switzerland? The Prize is an award for the country of Switzerland. The Prize has been given annually for 50 years, and in addition to the Nobel winners, it has also been given to a number to the laureates of the United Nations and the World Bank. What do you need when you apply? Switzerland has been recognized as the economic leader in terms the Nobel peace prize, but that doesn’t mean the country has to necessarily adopt the Nobel principles. In Switzerland, we have the following principles: the principle of non-discrimination in the recognition of prizes, the principle that no one can be recognized for any work they have not done, the policy of using the Nobel name only for awards that are in the public interest, and not the principle to recognize only economists who are Nobel laureaters. There are also many Swiss economists who have a long history of international research and international teaching. The government has published an online list of international laureates. The Nobel Peace award is awarded to individuals who have achieved lasting economic changes, which can be seen as the most important of all. For instance, this year, the International Monetary Fund recognized the achievement of an economist named Jürgen Resnick, who was awarded the Nobel for his work on international macroeconomic policy. It is the first Nobel Peace Award to be given to an economist whose work was focused on economic policy. What can we learn from the laureate laureates in the field? The laureate winners of this year’s Nobel Prize are working to achieve sustainable economic development. They have been doing that through their research. They are also using their expertise in economic policy to help achieve these goals. And they have been able to do this in a way that is both in the interest of society and also in the interests of the economist. We should also note
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.1 17.1
काठमाडौं । अक्टोबर ४ अर्थात् आगामी सोमबारदेखि विभिन्न विधामा नोबेल पुरस्कार पाउने व्यक्तिको नाम घोषणा हुँदैछ । सोमबार चिकित्साशास्त्रतर्फ नोबेल पुरस्कार पाउने वैज्ञानिकको नाम सार्वजनिक गरिने छ । त्यस्तै मंगलबार भौतिकशास्त्र र बुधबार रसायनशास्त्रको नोबेल पुरस्कार घोषणा गरिने छ । साहित्यतर्फको नोबेल पुरस्कार बिहीबार, नोबेल शान्ति पुरस्कार शुक्रबार र शनिबार अर्थशास्त्रको तर्फको पुरस्कार घोषणा गरिने छ । पुरस्कार घोषणा मिति नजिकिँदै गर्दै सम्भावित विजेतबारे विभिन्न अड्कलबाजी हुन थालेका छन् । प्रतिस्पर्धीको नाम अन्तिम समयसम्म गोप्ने राखिने भएपनि कोभिड-१९ खोप, मिडिया वाचडग, जलवायु अभियन्ता र बेलारुसका विपक्षी नेताहरुबारे बढी चर्चा हुन थालेको छ । कटलिन करिकोलाई पुरस्कृत गर्नुपर्ने माग कोभिड-१९ को महामारीबाट विश्व अझै मुक्त हुन सकेको छैन । तर कोभिड-१९ विरुद्धको खोप उत्पादन, वितरण र प्रयोगले व्यापकता पाइरहेको छ । यस वर्ष पनि महामारीबीच घोषणा हुन लागेको नोबेल पुरस्कारमध्ये एउटा पुरस्कार हंगेरीकी वैज्ञानिक कटलिन करिकोलाई दिनुपर्ने आवाज समेत उठ्न थालेको छ । को हुन् करिको ? कटलिन करिको हंगेरीकी बायोकेमिस्ट (जीवरसायनशास्त्री) हुन् । आरएनएमा आधारित खोप प्रविधि एवं रोगप्रतिरोधी क्षमता (RNA-mediated mechanisms) विकासमा उनले महत्वपूर्ण योगदान गरेकी छन् । उनको अनुसन्धानका आधारमा प्रोटिन थेपारीका लागि ‘in vitro-transcribed mRNA’ प्रविधि विकास गरिएको हो । करिकोले अमेरिकी वैज्ञानिक ड्रु वेइसम्यानसँग मिलेर विकास गरेको न्युक्लिओसाइड मोडिफिकेशन प्रविधिले ‘mRNA’ को थेराप्युडिक प्रयोगमा थप योगदान गरेको छ । बायोन्टेक र मोडर्नाले यसै प्रविधिका आधारमा कोभिड-१९ भ्याक्सिन विकास गरेका हुन् । तसर्थ, मानव इतिहासकै एउटा डललाग्दो महामारी बन्न पुगेको कोभिड-१९ विरुद्धको खोप प्रविधि विकास गर्ने अगुवा वैज्ञानिकलाई यस वर्ष चिकित्सा वा रसायनशास्त्रतर्फमध्ये एउटा पुरस्कार दिनुपर्ने कतिपयको बुझाइ छ । ‘यदि नोबेल कमिटीले एमआरएनए खोप प्रविधिका लागि पुरस्कार दिइएन भने गल्ती हुनेछ’, वैज्ञानिक विषयमा कलम चलाउँदै आएकी स्विडेनकी पत्रकार उल्किरा बोजोर्कस्टेनले भनिन् । यसको सबैभन्दा प्रबल दावेदार करिको र वेइसम्यान भएको पनि उनले बताइन् । करिको र वेइसम्यानले यसअघि नै कैयौं महत्वपूर्ण पुरस्कार जितिसकेका छन् । उनीहरुले नोबेल पुरस्कारको पूर्ववर्ती मानिने लस्कर पुरस्कार समेत हात पारिसकेका छन् । नोबेल शान्ति पुरस्कार थुनबर्गले पाउलिन् ? यस वर्ष मिडिया वाचडग, बेलारुसका विपक्षी नेता र स्विडेनकी जलवायु अभियन्ता ग्रेटा थुनबर्गमध्येबाट नोबेल शान्ति पुरस्कार विजेताको छनौट गरिने सम्भावना बढी देखिन्छ । नोबेल पुरस्कार घोषणा भएको केही हप्तापछि स्कटल्याण्डमा जलवायु परिवर्तनसम्बन्धी राष्ट्रसंघीय सम्मेलन (COP26) हुँदैछ । नोभेम्बरदेखि सुरु हुने सो सम्मेलनमा विश्वव्यापी तापमान वृद्धिलाई उच्च प्राथमिकतामा राखिन सक्छ । सानै उमेरमा जलवायु परिवर्तनको मुद्दा उठाएकी थुनबर्गलाई यस वर्षको नोबेल शान्ति पुरस्कार दिँदा यो विषयले थप प्राथमिकता पाउन सक्छ । यदि उनले यसपटक नोबेल पुरस्कार हात पारिन् भने मलाला युसुफजाईपछि नोबेल पुरस्कार जित्ने सबैभन्दा कान्छो व्यक्ति बन्नेछिन् । (एजेन्सीको सहयोगमा) राम अवतार चौधरी कपिलवस्तु, १४ माघ । गायक उत्तम चौधरी र अन्नु चौधरीको सुमधुर सांगीतिक स्वरमा सजिएको “दिल जिगर तुहि…