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"Once you join them, you belong to them, you die for them. They can defeat anyone."- Fahim Fazli, former Mujahideen freedom fighter The Taliban, hardline religious extremist, who back their beliefs with bullets; The IRA, unstoppable urban guerrillas who waged a bloody savage war for Irish independence. Stats[] - Height - 5'9 - Weight - 160 pounds - Armor - none - Gear - 23 pounds Symbol - Islamic Symbol (representing the Taliban's islamic extremism) Weapons[] History[] The War in Afghanistan is one of the longest wars still being fought today, about 35 years long and facing constant change in belligerents and the Afghan government. During the 1960s the nation of Afghanistan began modernizing and developing both democratically and socially. However in 27 December 1979 the KGB launched Operation Storm-333 to replace the government with a Soviet puppet. This government was progressive but used repressive and thus unpopular policies to meet these goals. During the Soviet War of Afghanistan the Mujahideen, islamic freedom fighters rebelled against the Soviets. The Soviet-Afghan government was seen as Orthodox or Atheist and so the rural and traditionalist Muslims saw their lives threatened by their policies. The Mujahideen split into various groups and continued the civil war after the Soviet Union left Afghanistan. The USA funded the Mujahideen to remove the Soviets and contain communism: American made STINGER missiles were devastating against Soviet aircraft. Osama Bin Laden and Ahmad Shah Massoud were the most noticeable Mujahideen generals. In 1988 with the Geneva Accords the Soviets grew tired of fighting a guerrilla war and withdrew by February 15, 1989. Some historians cite this war as one of the factors of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the downfall of communist influence. The war continued, but the Soviet-Afghan puppet could not survive without support and so on April 30, 1992 the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan fell. However the nation was still in civil war with the rebel fighters now attacking each other. The Taliban (literally "students") was formed in the early 1990's by Mullah Omar, who had previously fought against the Soviets, with less than 50 students from his hometown of Kandahar. This terrorist faction, made mostly of Pashtun peoples, grew in strength and popularity durring the Civil War of Afghanistan. Their first notable military action came in 1994, when they marched northward from Maiwand and captured Kandahar City and several surrounding provinces, losing only a few dozen men. Pakistan originally funded the Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin, but decided to fund the Taliban when the latter continued to show their growing power. The Taliban also had close ties to many crime organizations like the drug cartels of South America: allowing them more wealth to fund their revolution. In September 1996, the Taliban captured Kabul, Afghanistan's capital city. The civil war still existed, but between 1996-2001, the Taliban controlled 85% of the nation. When in power, the Taliban enforced one of the strictest interpretations of Sharia law ever seen in the Muslim world and became particularly notorious for their harsh treatment of women. The list of things prohibited by the Taliban included employment and education for women, electronic devices, kite flying, dancing, clapping during sports events, alcohol, depictions of living things (whether drawings, photos, paintings, stuffed animals, or dolls), and Christmas cards, among other things. Men were required to have a beard longer than their fist and have their heads covered, while women were forced to wear a burqa, a traditional dress covering the entire body except for a small screen to see out of. Punishments were often severe, including amputation and public executions, sometimes held in Kabul's soccer stadium. As a government, the Taliban committed many massacres against civilians with 1000s of executions and murders. These aggressive and rouge policies has made the Taliban government despised by the international community. Although the Taliban lost control of Afghanistan in 2001, when coalition forces initiated military action in response to 9/11 (which was launched by Al-Qaeda, a close ally of the Taliban), it was later reformed in 2004 as an insurgency force. The size of the Taliban constantly changed as they faced heavy casualties but easily recovered their original numbers and are believed to be increasing in allies and power. They have survived off of the illegal heroin and opium drug trade, as opium grows naturally in Afghanistan. The Taliban's strength is estimated to be around 36,000 as of 2010 and have over 30 confirmed splinter cells or close allies (including Al-Qaeda, Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan and The Haqqani Network). Because of the controversies and length of the Afghan War, it is expected that the United States and NATO will leave Afghanistan, leaving the current Afghan government alone to fight the Taliban. There is much debate over if the Afghan government would win the war without significant NATO support. The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is considered one of the worst nations in the world, despite receiving tens of billions of dollars from the USA and NATO. Crime, murder, poverty, drug use, terrorism, corruption, instability, illnesses, famine, lack of education and unemployment are some of the highest levels in the world. In 2013 international terrorist attacks has grown 4 times in number since 2001. In early 2014 it is believed that the Taliban are the defacto government of several towns and provinces in Afghanistan and have a stronghold near the capital Kabul. Terrorists own over 2020km2 (the equivalent of 400,000 football fields) of opium farms in 2015 and production still rises. At the same time, the Taliban have shown instability in their leadership, causing a loss of unity and hostility among its own terrorist cells. The rise of the terrorist state ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq & Syria) has overshadowed the Taliban's popularity and many of its members and allies have defected to ISIS, but at the same time the Taliban are experiencing less attention because most nations have focused on ISIS instead along with other groups like Boko Haram and the strengthening of Al Qaeda (especially their Yemenese faction). ISIS training camps have been discovered in Afghanistan, assisted by Afghan anti-western terrorist organizations. President Obama announced plans to end American combat roles by late 2014 but about 9,800 American troops stayed in Afghanistan for training the Afghan security. This was still a massive drop in troop numbers, as the Obama administration had a peak fighting force of 100,000. Only until late 2016 will all American troops outside of Embassy security will leave Afghanistan. However in March 2015 Obama changed the pullout plan and will keep the 9,800 American troops stationed until further noticed: which will cost $4 billion a year for US Forces. The Taliban has increased their attacks and raids in the nation as a response to this power vacuum. The original leader of the Taliban, Mohammed Omar, was confirmed deceased according to a 2015 report. Because the leader was so isolated and secretive, it is difficult to confirm anything about this claim. However according to the report, Mohammed Omar died of natural causes in the year 2013. Akhtar Mansoor is believed to be the current leader of the Taliban, though other Taliban leaders question the legitimacy of his succession. Al-Qaeda has publically supported Mansoor's rise and plans to strengthen their allegiance with the Taliban to counter the rise of ISIS (as Al-Qaeda and ISIS have challenged each other for islamic dominance.) Fidai Mahaz led by Mullah Najibullah separated from the Mansoor loyalists; declaring his succession as false and thus launching civil-war within the Taliban. This splinter cell is estimated to be 8,000 strong as of 2017. In late September 2015 the Taliban invaded Kunduz (the 5th largest city in Afghanistan) and declared the battle a complete victory. If confirmed, this is the first time since 2001 that the Taliban have control over a large city. Also in 2015 the Taliban there are rumors that the Taliban have considered allying themselves with ISIS, despite the two groups initially showing hostilities against each other. The Taliban continued to assassinate coalition and Afghan leaders or politicians; including an attempt against US secretary of state John Kerry. In 2016 the Taliban are believed to control 1/3 of Afghan territory and produce 90% of the world's illegal heroin. Between late 2015 and early 2017 the Taliban gained 6 more districts. Some estimates calculate that in 2017: the Taliban controlled 48% of Afghanistan's territory. As of October 2017, about 56 percent of the country’s 407 districts were under Afghan government control or influence, 30 percent remained contested, and roughly 14 percent were now under insurgent control or influence. The 2017 Nangarhar airstrike (launched on April 13, 2017) was the first use of the GBU-43/B MOAB: the largest non-nuclear bomb. The Trump Administration announced on August 22, 2017 that they still are considering a withdraw and will not stay in Afghanistan indefinitely, but will continue military operations. Trump declared that there will be no further efforts to assist the Afghan government in nation-building and that all attention will be towards killing terrorists. Later that same year on Sept 18, Trump announced sending 3000 US troops back into the country (for a total of 1400); a plan the Afghanistan President Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai approves of. In late 2017: US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson announced negotiations with the Taliban that include giving the Taliban a political party within the Afghan government. In early 2019: the Taliban announced that negotiations were agreed on; the Taliban would no longer allow Al Qaeda or ISIS sanctuary within Afghanistan while the USA would remove all troops 18 months after the official signing of the deal. On Feb 29, 2020 the USA officially signed a peace deal with the Taliban, beginning the official US withdrawal of armed forces from Afghanistan. The US withdrawal is expected to be completed by May 2021, which will make the war almost 20 years old. The signing of the deal faced mixed reactions from all parties and the international community. Some have accused Trump of making a rash deal to benefit his 2020 Presidential Reelection Campaign. Many also question if the Taliban would respect the peace or exploit the inevitable power vacuum to overthrow the Afghan government. It is also uncertain if Taliban would commit to their assistance towards the expulsion and crackdown against Al Qaeda, ISIS and other terrorist groups in Afghanistan. Some have also criticized the deal for not punishing the Taliban for their past crimes, including how the Taliban's theocratic extremism is mostly unchanged. As of 2020 over $2 trillion has been spent by the USA to fight the Taliban and aiding the Islamic Republic of Afghan. 2,400 American soldiers have died in the US-Afghan War. The Republic of Afghanistan continues to weaken under its own corruption and has issues operating itself even under normal conditions. Battle[] The battle starts with 5 Taliban warriors climbing over a small hill leading to a parking lot. They survey the area for potential targets. Meanwhile, the IRA is sneaking through the lot, using the cars to hide them. The IRA leader leads his four men through the lot, but wind up running into the Taliban. The Taliban kills one IRA member with the AK-47, while the IRA kills a Taliban member with the AR-15 Armalite. Both teams scramble and run off in different directions. A Taliban member runs from an IRA man in between two cars. As the IRA man begins to catch up, he steps on a PMN mine and is killed by the explosion. The Taliban soldier escapes, but runs into an IRA member weilding an LPO-50 Flamethrower. He is set on fire and desperately tries to shoot in random directions, but dies before he can make a hit. Another Taliban member runs up and shoots the flamethrower's gas tank, causing it to explode and kill the IRA soldier. Another IRA man runs in between the cars, but is spotted by the aformentioned Taliban man. He pulls out his RPG-7 Rocket Launcher and fires a rocket at the IRA man, killing him. The IRA leader slowly enters a run-down trailer, keeping an eye out for the Taliban. He opens a closet door and sees a hand holding an AK-47. He quickly moves to avoid the gunfire, and then pulls out the Taliban boss from the closet. The two get into a fight, with the Taliban boss throwing the IRA leader against the cupboards. Outside, the Taliban member with the rocket launcher sees the two men and prepares another rocket. The IRA leader pushes the Taliban boss against the wall and knocks him to the floor, then looks out the window just in time to see the Taliban member with the RPG-7 pointed right at the trailer. He quickly runs out of the trailer, leaving the Taliban boss inside. The Taliban member outside fires the rocket, unaware that the IRA leader left without the Taliban boss. The Taliban boss gets up and sees the rocket flying towards the trailer, leaving only enough time to scream before the trailer is blown up. The other Taliban member picks up his empty AK-47, equipped with a bayonet, and runs after the IRA leader. The IRA leader tries to hit him with his slingshot, but misses. The Taliban man catches up and tries to stab him, but the IRA leader swings a car door in his face and forces him to drop the AK-47. The IRA leader pulls out a knife and tries to kill the Taliban warrior, and the two struggle to gain control of the knife. The IRA leader gains the upper hand, and stabs the Taliban man in the throat. A final Taliban member rushes in with his own AK-47 and tries to shoot the IRA leader. He picks up an Armalite and runs from the Taliban member, trying to shoot him as well. The chase leads to a broken-down bus. The IRA member runs into the bus and pulls out a bomb. He sticks it next to the exit in the back and get out. As the Taliban member enters the bus, the IRA member blocks the exit with the Armalite. The Taliban member tries to open the door, but is unable to do so. The IRA member begins taunting him with the remote and then runs away. The Taliban member sees the bomb and tries harder to open the door. The IRA leader runs to a safe spot, then presses a button on the remote. The bomb begins beeping, then explodes and kills the last Taliban member. The IRA leader raises his fist and yells "Erin!" ("Ireland") in victory. Expert's Opinion[] The reason why the IRA won was because they were better at fighting as a small group to defeat a larger group (the sim demonstrated this well by the lone IRA leader killing three Taliban soldiers), their skills at guerilla warfare, and the deadly accuracy of the Armalite AR-15. Trivia[] - As mentioned on the show, the Taliban fought against the Spetsnaz in the Soviet war in Afghanistan and against American special forces in the American Invasion of Afghanistan. During the Soviet War in Afghanistan, the United States CIA was supporting the early Taliban to remove Soviet influence from the area. The Taliban today still call themselves the 'sons and grandsons of the Mujaheddin'. - The Afghan Civil War has been lasting for 33 years, making the Taliban one of the longest continuously fighting warrior in modern history. - At 18 years and counting, the US invasion of Afghanistan is the longest war involving the USA (except for technically the Korean War) and so the Taliban are the longest fought enemy of the USA. - The Taliban and the Somali Pirates both share the AK-47 and RPG-7. In real life they both have links or relations with Al-Qaeda. - The Taliban's relationship with Bin Laden wasn't as strong as many Americans believed. Bin Laden's involvement in the Soviet War of Afghanistan had him ally with groups who were destroyed by the Taliban. Also since Bin Laden was exiled from Sudan and Saudi Arabia by the late 1990s, the Taliban leaders feared that his criminal background would be risky. Even before 9/11, Bin Laden was being hunted by the CIA inside Afghanistan. It is unknown if the Taliban knew about 9/11 before it occurred, though the Taliban-government did harbor the 9/11 hijackers, and it's unknown if they had the authority to give into America's demand to surrender Bin Laden. However the Taliban have used Al-Qaeda troops similarly to a special forces due to their extremism, training and experience. This made them effective shock troops and bombers against the US-Afghan forces. - Before the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan; Afghanistan was seen as a progressive and beautiful nation, even in comparison of other islamic nations. It was once the norm for women in Afghanistan to wear western clothing and exercise women rights. - Sesame Street has an Afghan spinoff show that is politically and financially backed by the USA. Much of the content contains concepts that are anti-wahhabist: such as promoting women's rights and using depictions of fictional characters. - The Taliban's rise to power in the 1990s saw massacres against the Jewish population; leading all the Jews to leave Afghanistan, except for Zablon Simintov (as of 2018). Zablon was just one of many tortured and robbed by the Taliban due to his Non-Muslim faith. He operates the only Synagogue still opened in Kabul. - The Taliban's lack of modern equipment compared to NATO forces is sometimes an advantage. It is common for NATO soldiers to be carrying over 100 LB of equipment in battle, while Taliban guerrillas carry very little other than their primary weapon; this is so the Taliban can be more mobile in their hit-and-run tactics. Taliban frequently called NATO soldiers 'donkeys' due to the heavy gear and backbacks they commonly carry. - Taliban is the only warrior to kill one of their own (accidentally) in the simulation. - The Taliban fought against NATO lead Green Berets, Navy SEALs, Rangers, CIA, Gurkhas and FFL and some Taliban fought Spetsnaz and the KGB during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The episode does show the Taliban fighting Spetsnaz and the Green Berets. - The Taliban first appeared in the Green Beret/Spetsnaz episode where they attack an armored car. The same scene is used in IRA vs. Taliban. It was seen again in the Pancho Villa vs. Crazy Horse when they were explaining that their tactics inspired later guerrilla groups. The Taliban also make an appearance in the US Army Rangers vs. North Korean Special Operations Force battle, when showing how the Rangers have operated in every American conflict. Other[] Videos of Taliban training [2] [3] Video of Taliban territory and political influence in Afghanistan 2013 [4]
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काठमाडौँ । बिहीबार साँझ अफगातिस्तानको राजधानी काबुलको अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय विमानस्थल बाहिर वि’स्फोटन हुँदा हालसम्म मृत्यु हुनेको संख्या ९० भन्दा बढी पुगेको छ। अफगानिस्तानको स्वास्थ्य मन्त्रालयले शुक्रबार सीएनएनलाई दिएको जानकारीअनुसार हालसम्म सो घटनामा १५० भन्दाबढी व्यक्ति घाइते भएका छन्। अमेरिकाले सो घटनामा आफ्ना १३ सेना ज्यान गएको बताउँदै आईएसविरुद्ध बदला लिने बताएको छ। यसबीचमा तालिबानले उक्त विस्फोटनमा अमेरिकीभन्दा आफ्ना मान्छे बढी मारिएको दाबी गरेको छ। रोयटर्सका अनुसार तालिबानले २८ तालिबानीको मृत्यु भएको जानकारी दिएको छ। यस्तै अफगानिस्तानको राजधानी काबुलस्थित अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय विमानस्थलमा रहेको भारतीय वायु सेनाको एक विशेष विमानले गत बुधबारदेखि उद्धार गर्न नपाएको खबर सार्वजनिक भएको छ। सो विमानले अफगानस्तानका सिख र हिन्दु नागरिक गरी १४० जनालाई उद्धार गर्ने जिम्मेवारी पाएको छ। यद्यपी तालिबानले सबै १४० लाई विमानस्थल जान नदिई फर्काएपछि भारतीय विमान सोही विमानस्थलमा बुधबारदेखि होल्डमा रहेको बताइएको छ। द हिन्दुले ‘इन्डिया वर्ल्ड फोरम’का अध्यक्ष पुनित सिंहको भनाइ उद्धृत गर्दै दिएको रिपोर्टमा तालिबानले कम्तीमा १४० अफगान सिख, हिन्दु र अन्य यात्रुलाई विमानस्थल जान रोकेका छन्। अध्यक्ष सिंहले काबुलबाट उनीहरूको उद्धार गर्न विदेश मन्त्रालय र भारतीय वायु सेनासँग समन्वय गरिरहेका छन्। तालिबानले अफगानिस्तानका नागरिकले देश छाड्न नहुने बताउँदै आएको छ। यद्यपी त्यहाँका दक्ष जनशक्तिले अफगानिस्तानमा बस्ने इच्छा व्यक्त गरेका छैनन्। हालै तालिबानका प्रवक्ताले देशका डाक्टर तथा इन्जिनियरहरु अमेरिकाले लगेको भन्दै चिन्ता व्यक्त गरेका थिए। तालिबाने आफ्ना दक्ष जनशक्तिलाई कसैले लान नहुने बताएको छ। यसबीचमा अहिले तालिबानले विदेश नागरिकलाई विमानस्थल जान दिएपनि अफगान नागरिकलाई नै भने उनीहरुले विमानस्थल जान दिएका छैनन्। २० वर्षपछि अफगानिस्तान कब्जा गरेका तालिबान के चाहन्छन् ? अघिल्लो सातासम्म पनि अमेरिकी विश्लेषकहरू भन्दै थिए- अफगानिस्तानको राजधानी काबुल तालिबानको कब्जामा पर्न अझै केही समय लाग्छ। उनीहरूले एकदेखि तीन महिनासम्म लाग्ने अनुमान गरेका थिए। तर गत आइतबार नै तालिबानले राष्ट्रपति कार्यालय छिरेर काबुलसहित सबैजसो मुख्य सहरमा आफ्नो नियन्त्रण जमाइसकेको छ। त्यही दिन अलिअगाडि राष्ट्रपति अशरफ घानी देश छाडेर भागेका थिए। अमेरिकाले दुई दशकअघि तालिबानलाई काबुलबाट धपाएको थियो। तर अमेरिका र नाटो (उत्तर एट्लान्टिक सन्धि संगठन) राष्ट्रका सैनिकले अफगानिस्तान छाडेसँगै तालिबान फेरि फर्किन्छ भन्ने धेरैले आकलन गरेका थिए। यो सबै यति चाँडै होला भन्ने अनुमान लाउन भने विश्लेषकहरू चुके। अमेरिकी गुप्तचर संगठनका अधिकारीहरूले पनि तालिबानको गतिविधिबारे आफूहरूले गलत आकलन गरेको स्विकारेका छन्। अमेरिकी सेनाले छाड्नेबित्तिकै कसरी तालिबानले अफगानिस्तानमा कब्जा जमायो? आखिर तालिबान के चाहन्छ? तालिबान को हो? यस्ता प्रश्न अहिले धेरैको चासोको विषय बनेको छ। सबभन्दा पहिला कुरा गरौं, तालिबान को हो ? तालिबान पूर्वअफगानी विद्रोही लडाकू समूह मुजाहिद्दिनद्वारा सन् १९९४ मा संगठित समूह हो। मुजाहिद्दिनले सन् १९८० दशकमा अफगानिस्तानमा तैनाथ रूसी सेनाविरूद्ध लडेको थियो। मुजाहिद्दिनलाई हा’तह’तियार र अन्य सहयोग गर्नेमा अमेरिका नै प्रमुख थियो।करिब नौ वर्षको युद्धपछि रूसले आफ्ना सेना फिर्ता लगेर अफगानिस्तानबाट हात झिकेको थियो। त्यो बेलादेखि नै मुजाहिद्दिनहरूले आफ्नो देशमा इस्लामिक कानुन लागू गर्ने र कुनै पनि विदेशी हस्तक्षेप देशमा रहन नदिने भन्दै आएका थिए।यही क्रममा सन् १९९६ मा जब सुन्नी इस्लामिक संगठन तालिबानले काबुल कब्जा गर्यो, तब देशमा उनीहरूले एकदमै कडा नियम लागू गरे। महिलाहरूले टाउकोदेखि कुर्कुचासम्म ढाकिने गरी बुर्का लगाउनुपर्ने, पढ्न वा काम गर्न, एक्लै घरबाहिर हिँडडुल गर्न नपाउने नियम लादे। त्यस्तै टिभी, संगीत र गैरइस्लामिक बिदाहरूमा प्रतिबन्ध लगाए। लामो समय अफगानिस्तानी नागरिकले तालिबानको कडा घेराबीच नियम मानेर बस्नुपर्यो। सन् २००१ सेप्टेम्बर ११ को घटनापछि भने यो अवस्था फेरियो। त्यो दिन १९ जना पुरुषले अमेरिकामा चारवटा जहाज अपहरण गरे। दुइटा विमानले वर्ल्ड ट्रेड सेन्टर टावरमा आक्रमण गरे भने एउटा पेन्टागन भवनमा। अर्को एउटा वासिङटनमा हान्ने लक्ष्य भए पनि पेन्सिलभेनियाको मैदानमा झरेको थियो। यी घटनामा २७०० भन्दा बढी मान्छेले ज्यान गुमाए। यो हमला तालिबान नियन्त्रित अफगानिस्तानमा बसिरहेका अलकायदा नेता ओसामा बिन लादेनको निर्देशनमा भएको थियो। अमेरिकाले लादेनको सुपुर्दगी गर्न अफगानिस्तानमा शासन गरिरहेको तालिबानलाई भन्यो। तालिबानले मानेन। त्यसपछि सेप्टेम्बर ११ हमलाको एक महिना नपुग्दै अमेरिका र साझेदार शक्तिहरू अफगानिस्तान पसे। उनीहरूको लक्ष्य अलकायदालाई मद्दत गर्नबाट तालिबानलाई रोक्नु थियो। अलकायदा लगायत विभिन्न प्रतिबन्धित संगठनहरूको उपस्थितिका कारण अफगानिस्तान आतंककारी गतिविधिको आधार क्षेत्र भएको भन्दै अमेरिका र अन्य साझेदार देशका सेनाले त्यहीँ बसेर काम गर्न थाले। अमेरिकी सेनाकै कारण तालिबान सत्ताबाट बाहिरियो र अफगानिस्तानमा अमेरिका समर्थित सरकार गठन भयो। सत्ताबाट बाहिरिएदेखि नै तालिबानले अमेरिका समर्थित सरकार र सहयोगी सेनाविरूद्ध विद्रोह गरिरहेको थियो। तालिबानका नेताहरू को हुन् ? अहिले तालिबानको नेतृत्व मौलवी हाइबतुल्लाह अखुन्डजाडाको हातमा छ। उनी यो समूह गठन हुँदादेखि नै सक्रिय छन्। यसको नेता चुनिएको भने सन् २०१६ मा हो। अमेरिकी सेनाले पाकिस्तानको एबोटाबादमा हवाई हमला गरेर बिन लादेन मारेको घटनामा तालिबान समूहका पूर्वनेता मुल्लाह अख्तर मोहम्मद मन्सुरको समेत हत्या भएको थियो। त्यसपछि हाइबतुल्लाह नयाँ नेता चुनिएका हुन्। हाइबतुल्लाह नेता भएपछि तालिबानले अझ जवान र सैन्य खुबी भएका युवाहरूलाई भर्ती गर्न थालेको अफगानी विश्लेषकले बताएका छन्।यो समूहका अर्का मुख्य नेता मुल्लाह अब्दुल घानी बारादर हुन्। उनी तालिबानका सहसंस्थापक पनि हुन्। सन् २०१० मा पाकिस्तानको कराँचीमा पक्राउ परेका उनी सन् २०१३ मा छुटे। बारादार तालिबानको राजनीतिक समिति सम्हाल्छन्। अमेरिकाले अफगानिस्तानबाट सेना फर्काउने निर्णय गरेपछि हालै मात्र बारादारले चिनियाँ विदेशमन्त्री वाङ यीसँग भेटेका थिए। तालिबानले अमेरिकी पूर्वराष्ट्रपति डोनाल्ड ट्रम्पसँग के सम्झौता गरेको थियो? सन् २०१७ मा तालिबानले एक खुलापत्र जारी गर्दै भर्खरै निर्वाचित अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति ट्रम्पलाई अफगानिस्तानबाट हात झिक्न भनेको थियो। एकाध वर्षको वार्तापछि सन् २०२० मा तालिबान र ट्रम्प प्रशासनले शान्ति सम्झौतामा हस्ताक्षर गरे। अमेरिका अफगानिस्तानबाट आफ्नो सेना फिर्ता लैजान र करिब पाँच हजार तालिबानी कैदी रिहा गर्न सहमत भयो। उता तालिबानले अलकायदा जस्ता कुनै पनि आतंकवादी समूह वा व्यक्तिलाई अफगानिस्तानी भूमिमा बसेर अमेरिका वा अरू देशको अहितमा काम गर्नबाट रोक्ने सहमति जनायो। तर यो शान्ति सम्झौता कागजमा मात्र सीमित भयो। पछिल्ला दुई दशकमा अफगानिस्तानमा हिंसा दर एकदमै बढेको छ। यसबीच सक्रिय रहेको तालिबानले अहिले आएर अफगानिस्तानमा नियन्त्रण बढाउँदै लगेको हो। संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघ सुरक्षा परिषदको रिपोर्टअनुसार यो वर्ष जुनसम्म सहरी क्षेत्रभन्दा बाहिर तालिबानले ५० देखि ७० प्रतिशत अफगानी क्षेत्र नियन्त्रणमा लिने अनुमान गरिसकेको थियो। उक्त रिपोर्टले अफगानी सरकारका लागि तालिबान खतरा बन्दै गएको चेतावनी दिएको थियो। त्यस्तै, तालिबानी नेतृत्वलाई शान्ति प्रक्रियामा कुनै चासो नभएको र आफ्नो सैन्य शक्ति बलियो बनाउनमा मात्र केन्द्रित भएको पनि उल्लेख गरेको थियो। तालिबानले सैन्य क्षमता बलियो बनाउँदा वार्तामा फाइदा उठाउन सक्ने र आवश्यक परे परिचालन नै गर्ने सक्ने गरी काम गरिरहेको रिपोर्टले जनाएको थियो। तालिबान के चाहन्छ ? तालिबानले पछिल्लो समय आफूलाई विगतमा भन्दा फरक रूपमा प्रस्तुत गर्ने प्रयास गरिरहेको छ। उनीहरूले आफूहरू शान्ति प्रक्रिया र एकीकृत सरकारमा प्रतिबद्ध भएको दाबी गरेका छन्। महिलाका निम्ति केही अधिकार कायमै राख्न इच्छुक भएको पनि बताएका छन्। महिलाहरूले प्राथमिकदेखि उच्च शिक्षासम्म अध्ययन गर्न पाउने समूहका प्रवक्ता सोहेल शाहीनको भनाइ छ। सन् १९९६ देखि २००१ सम्म तालिबानको सत्ता हुँदा महिलाले पढ्नै पाउँथेनन्। त्यस्तै कूटनीतिज्ञ, पत्रकार र गैरसरकारी संस्थाहरूले अझै अफगानिस्तानमा बसेर काम गर्न पाउने/सक्ने पनि शाहीनले बताएका छन्। ‘उनीहरूले सुरक्षित वातावरणमा रहेर अफगानिस्तानका मान्छेका लागि काम गर्न सकून् भनेर यो हामीले गरेको प्रतिबद्धता हो,’ तालिबानका प्रवक्ता शाहीनले भनेका छन्। विश्लेषकहरू यसमा ढुक्क छैनन्। तालिबानी र उनीहरूको विचारमा कुनै परिवर्तन नआएको उनीहरूको भनाइ छ। अफगानिस्तान तालिबानको नियन्त्रणमा आउनु भनेको बीस वर्षअगाडि फर्किनुसरह भएको उनीहरूले बताएका छन्। जसरी त्यो बेला महिलाहरूलाई कुनै अधिकार दिइएको थिएन, अब पनि त्यही अवस्था आउने उनीहरूको भनाइ छ। तालिबानीहरू अफगानी शक्तिभन्दा किन बलिया छन्? पछिल्ला दुई दशकमा अमेरिकाले अफगानिस्तानमा दस खर्ब डलरभन्दा बढी खर्च गरेको छ। उसले त्यहाँ अफगानी सेना र प्रहरीलाई तालिम दिनुका साथै आधुनिक उपकरणहरू पनि उपलब्ध गराएको छ। संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघ सुरक्षा परिषदले जुन महिनामा सार्वजनिक गरेको रिपोर्टअनुसार यही वर्ष फेब्रुअरीसम्म त्यहाँ तीन लाख आठ हजार सेना थिए। त्यो बेला तालिबानी सेना ५८ हजारदेखि एक लाख भएको अनुमान थियो। आखिरमा आएर अफगानी सेना तालिबानका अगाडि तुलना गर्न नसक्ने र निरीह सावित भयो। केही विश्लेषक र सल्लाहकारहरूले अफगानी शक्ति कमजोर हुनुमा सहकार्य र मनोबल कम भएको बताएका छन्। पछिल्ला समय अफगानी सेना बारम्बार पराजित भएको थियो। योसँगै तालिबानीहरू बलिया भएका र अफगानी शक्ति कमजोर हुँदै गएको अनुमान उनीहरूले गरेका छन्। उता तालिबानका प्रवक्ता शाहीनले पनि आफूहरूको सैन्य शक्ति सफल हुनु कुनै अचम्म नभएको बताएका छन्। ‘हाम्रो जरा जनताको माझमा छ। पछिल्लो समय हामीलाई मान्छेहरूले स्विकार्दै गएका थिए,’ उनले भनेका छन्, ‘हामीले यो कुरा धेरै वर्षदेखि बारम्बार भन्दै आइरहेका थियौं। तर कसैले पत्याएन। अब उनीहरू हाम्रो शक्ति देखेर अचम्म मानिरहेका छन्।’ गत महिना मात्र अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति जो बाइडेनको प्रशासनका वरिष्ठ अधिकारीहरूले काबुल तालिबानको कब्जामा जान कम्तीमा केही महिना लाग्ने आकलन गरेका थिए। त्यसैले अहिले नीति निर्माताहरूले बाइडेन प्रशासनसँग ‘अमेरिकाले कसरी यस्तो गलत आकलन गर्यो’ भन्ने जवाफ र सूचनाका लागि दबाब दिइरहेका छन्।