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Hong Kong protests: Trump signs Human Rights and Democracy Act into law - Published US President Donald Trump has signed into law a bill that supports pro-democracy protesters in Hong Kong. The Human Rights and Democracy Act mandates an annual review, to check if Hong Kong has enough autonomy to justify its special status with the US. Mr Trump said he signed the law "out of respect for President Xi [Jinping], China, and the people of Hong Kong". China's foreign ministry threatened "counter measures" if the US continued "going down the wrong path". Mr Trump is currently seeking a deal with China, in order to end a trade war between the two countries. "The US has been disregarding facts and distorting truth," a Chinese foreign ministry statement said. "It openly backed violent criminals who rampantly smashed facilities, set fire, assaulted innocent civilians, trampled on the rule of law, and jeopardized social order." The foreign ministry summoned the US ambassador to demand that Washington stops interfering in Chinese internal affairs. Hong Kong's government also reacted, saying the American bill would send the wrong signal and would not help to ease the situation. But a key activist in the Hong Kong protest movement, Joshua Wong, said the US law was a "remarkable achievement" for "all Hongkongers". Mr Trump had previously been non-committal about whether he would sign the bill, saying he was "with" Hong Kong but also that Mr Xi was "an incredible guy". However, the bill had widespread congressional support, which meant that even if he vetoed it, lawmakers could potentially have voted to overturn his decision. The president also signed a second bill, which bans the export of crowd-control munitions to the police in Hong Kong - including tear gas, rubber bullets and stun guns. "[The bills] are being enacted in the hope that leaders and representatives of China and Hong Kong will be able to amicably settle their differences, leading to long-term peace and prosperity for all," Mr Trump said. What does the law say? The bill was introduced in June in the early stages of the protests in Hong Kong, and was overwhelmingly approved by the House of Representatives last month. It says: "Hong Kong is part of China but has a largely separate legal and economic system. "The [annual review] shall assess whether China has eroded Hong Kong's civil liberties and rule of law as protected by Hong Kong's Basic Law." Among other things, Hong Kong's special trading status means it is not affected by US sanctions or tariffs placed on the mainland. The bill also says the US should allow Hong Kong residents to obtain US visas, even if they have been arrested for being part of non-violent protests. What is the situation in Hong Kong? Hong Kong's protests started in June against a proposed law to allow extradition to mainland China but it has since transformed into a larger pro-democracy movement. The protests have also seen increasingly violent clashes, with police being attacked, and officers firing live bullets. Protesters have thrown petrol bombs and attacked businesses seen as being pro-Beijing. The protesters, meanwhile, have accused police of brutality. On Sunday, Hong Kong held local council elections that were seen as a barometer of public opinion towards the government and the protesters. The elections saw a landslide victory for the pro-democracy movement, with 17 of the 18 councils now controlled by pro-democracy councillors. On Thursday, authorities moved into the Polytechnic University days after it had been the site of a fierce standoff between student activists and riot police. The police searched the campus for dangerous items, to gather evidence and to see whether any students were still left on the site.
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हङ्कङ आन्दोलन: क्रिस्मसको पूर्वसन्ध्यामा प्रहरी र प्रदर्शनकारीबीच झडप हङ्कङमा प्रहरी र प्रजातन्त्रवादी प्रदर्शनकारीबीच क्रिस्मसको पूर्वसन्ध्यामा पुन: झडपहरू भएका छन्। टाउकोमा स्यान्टा क्लजको जस्तो टोपी र मृगको जस्तो सिङ लगाएका मानिसहरूले विभिन्न बजार तथा एउटा पर्यटकीय क्षेत्रमा प्रदर्शन गरेका थिए। केही प्रदर्शनकारीहरूले पेट्रोल बम प्रहार गरेका थिए। प्रहरीले आँखा पोल्ने पेपर स्प्रे, लट्ठी तथा अश्रुग्यास प्रयोग गरेको थियो। हङ्कङमा छ महिनादेखि सरकारको विरोधमा आन्दोलन भइरहेको छ। गत जुन महिनामा सरकारले सुपुर्दगीसम्बन्धी एउटा विवादास्पद विधेयक ल्याएपछि विरोध सुरु भएको थियो। अहिले त्यसले प्रहरीको अत्याचार र प्रजातान्त्रिक सुधारको मागसहित आन्दोलनको रूप लिएको छ। मङ्गलवार के भयो? केही प्रदर्शनकारीले क्रिस्मसको बेला पनि विरोधप्रदर्शन गर्न आह्वान गरेका थिए। क्रिस्मसको पूर्वसन्ध्यामा चिम शा चई र मङ्ककका सडकमा हजारौँ मानिसहरू भेला भए। केही प्रदर्शनकारीहरूले सडकबाट इँटा निकालेको र बाटो छेक्न थुप्रो बनाएको देखिन्थ्यो। प्रहरीका अनुसार प्रदर्शनकारीहरूले एउटा ब्याङ्कमा तोडफोडपछि आगो लगाइएका थिए। साउथ चाइना मर्निङ पोस्टका अनुसार मध्यरातमा प्रदर्शनकारीहरूले हिंसात्मक गतिविधि केही समय रोकेर शुभकामना आदानप्रदान गरेका थिए। उनीहरूले सुरक्षाकर्मीहरूलाई पनि शुभकामना दिएका थिए। तर केही बेरमै उनीहरूबीच फेरि झडप भयो। पच्चीस वर्षीय निगेल चाल नाम गरेका एक प्रदर्शनकारीले रोएटर्स समाचारसंस्थालाई भने, "धेरै हङ्कङवासीलाई यो क्रिस्मस भिन्न नहोला भन्ने लागेको थियो...तर यो वर्ष क्रिस्मसको पूर्वसन्ध्या त लडाइँ गर्ने समय भए जस्तो छ।" "यो हाम्रा लागि हर्षपूर्ण पर्व र बिदाको बेला भए पनि केही [प्रदर्शनकारीहरू] जेलमा छन्... हामीले अरूलाई हाम्रो सङ्घर्ष अझै सकिएको छैन भनेर सम्झाउनुपर्छ," आफ्नो नाम म्यारी बताउने अर्की प्रदर्शनकारीले रोएटर्सलाई भनिन्। सरकारका एक प्रवक्ताले दङ्गाकारीहरूले सामाजिक व्यवस्था र क्रिस्मस पर्वको उमङ्ग बिथोलिदिएको आरोप लगाएका छन्। हङ्कङ किन आन्दोलित छ? सरकारले हङ्कङका नागरिकलाई मुख्यभूमि चीन सुपुर्दगी गर्न सकिने प्रावधान भएको नयाँ कानुन ल्याउन खोजेपछि हङ्कङ गत जुन महिनादेखि आन्दोलित छ। उक्त प्रस्तावित कानुन अनुमोदनमा भएमा हङ्कङको न्यायिक स्वतन्त्रता समाप्त हुने र विरोधीहरू खतरामा पर्ने डर धेरैमा उत्पन्न भयो। चर्को विरोध भएपछि सेप्टेम्बरमा उक्त विधेयक फिर्ता भयो। तर आन्दोलन झन् चर्कियो। सन् १९९७ सम्म हङ्कङ ब्रिटिश उपनिवेश थियो। अहिले 'एक राष्ट्र, दुई प्रणाली' नीतिअन्तर्गत हङ्कङ चीनको अर्धस्वायत्त भूभागको रूपमा रहेको छ। हङ्कङवासीहरू मुख्यभूमि चीनका नागरिकभन्दा धेरै स्वतन्त्र छन्। हङ्कङको प्रशासनलाई चीनको समर्थनप्राप्त छ। तर गत महिना भएको स्थानीय परिषद्को निर्वाचनमा बेइजिङ समर्थकहरूको पराजय भएको थियो। चीनले हङ्कङमा भइरहेको आन्दोलनप्रति आपत्ति व्यक्त गर्दै चीन विभाजन गर्न खोजे दमन गरिने चेतावनी दिँदै आएको छ।