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Do you often stop, look up, and stare in awe at the phenomena going on in the sky? We’ll admit it… As weather geeks, we pretty much do that on a daily basis. There are a lot of questions people ask themselves in regards to space. Like, what has to happen in order for an eclipse to occur? What’s the importance of the International Space Station? How can I spot different constellations? Take the next step in your astronomical education and check out our guide to the most jaw-dropping celestial phenomena in our universe, from solar eclipses to blue moons! Lunar Eclipse Photo Courtesy: Free-Photos on Pixabay A lunar eclipse is an astronomical phenomenon which only occurs when the sun, Earth and moon are aligned so that the Earth is between the sun and the moon. When this happens, the Earth blocks the sunlight from reflecting off the moon, thus “eclipsing” the moon in its shadow. On July 27th of 2018, stargazers can witness a total lunar eclipse as Earth’s shadow will completely cover the moon for an hour and 43 minutes. Be sure to mark your calendars as this eclipse will be the single longest eclipse for 82 years! Nova & Supernova Photo Courtesy: NASA on Unsplash Think you saw a new star form? It might just be a nova. Stars that reignite themselves can experience a rapid increase in brightness which is referred to as a nova. Once a nova has its initial increase of brightness, they tend to fade back to their original brightness over a few months. While a Nova only increases in brightness when it reignites, a Supernova does not merely reignite, but explodes as the star reaches the end of its life. Supernovas are extremely powerful and can even radiate more energy than our sun! While these explosions are the most powerful and beautiful sites of space, they sadly are difficult to be viewed from Earth due to the dust in the Milky Way galaxy. Solar Eclipse Photo Courtesy: Justin Dickey on Unsplash A solar eclipse, much like that of a lunar eclipse, is an astronomical phenomena that occurs when the sun, Earth, and moon are in alignment. However, during a solar eclipse the moon (instead of the Earth) blocks the sun as it passes in between the sun and the Earth. There are three different types of solar eclipses that can occur, including total, partial and annular. A total solar eclipse occurs only when there is direct alignment of the sun, the moon and the Earth while a partial lunar eclipse occurs when there is a near direct line. The third type of solar eclipse called an annular solar eclipse occurs when the moon is at its farthest from Earth meaning it does not block the sun entirely. Unlike a lunar eclipse, a solar eclipse must be viewed with protective measures taken into consideration because the bright light during the partial eclipse can harm your eyes. However, if you are in the eclipse’s path of totality, the phenomena can be viewed without protective measures once the sun is completely blocked by the moon. Blood Moon Photo Courtesy: KBOutdoors on Pixabay A blood moon is phenomenon that occurs when a total lunar eclipse is present. During a total lunar eclipse, the sunlight that is filtered and refracted from Earth’s atmosphere gives the moon a deep red glow. This appearance of glow on the moon has sparked awe and fear throughout history with the eerie red color earning it the title of blood moon. Supermoon Photo Courtesy: David Dibert on Unsplash The phenomenon known as a supermoon gained much of its attention since the arrival of three supermoons in a row in 2016. While the term for these larger than life moons has only been in use for the past 40 years, the event is truly spectacular! For a supermoon to occur, a full moon reaches its closest point to Earth in an orbit. When this happens, the moon appears in the sky to be even bigger and brighter than that of a normal full moon. Blue Moon Photo Courtesy: CC0 Public Domain on PxHere Ever heard of the saying “once in a blue moon”? Well this phrase got its start because the astronomical phenomenon known as a “blue moon” is considered a rare event. Blue moons only occur every two to three years or seven times in the Metonic cycle. A common misconception is that blue moons are actually blue in color. However, most blue moons do not have the bluish glow unless there is a change in atmospheric conditions where the presence particles allow for the blue appearance. Comet Photo Courtesy: Benjamin Voros on Unsplash The astronomical event known to many as a comet, is an icy small solar system body that as it passes close to Earth warms and begins to release gases. While comets can be visible from Earth, they are not always bright enough to be easily spotted. The most famous comet, Halley’s Comet, is only visible from Earth every 74-79 years, making its last appearance in 1986. Stargazers will have to wait till the year 2061 to view this spectacular comet pass Earth again! Special thanks to Space.com
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पुस १० गते बिहिबार बिहान खण्डग्रास सूर्यग्रहण लाग्दैछ। दुई घन्टा ४९ मिनेट लामो ग्रहण त्यसदिन नेपाली समयअनुसार बिहान ८ बजेर ४२ मिनेटमा सुरू भएर १० बजेर १ मिनेटमा सकिनेछ। खण्डग्रास सूर्यग्रहण अधिकतम् भएको बेला काठमाडौंबाट ४८ प्रतिशत कालो सूर्य देखिने नेपाल एस्ट्रोनोमिकल सोसाइटीका अध्यक्ष सुरेश भट्टराईले जानकारी दिए। ‘मौसम अनुकुल भए, बादल नलागे काठमाडौंबाट ४८ प्रतिशत कालो सूर्य देखिन्छ’ भट्टराईले भने। यो ग्रहण नेपाल, भारत, श्रीलंकालगायत एसियाका सबै राष्ट्र तथा उत्तरपश्चिम अष्ट्रेलिया, पूर्वी अफ्रीकालगायत स्थानबाट देखिनेछ। भारत, सिंगापुर, श्रीलंका, मलेसियालगायत ठाउँबाट भने रिङ अफ फायरका रूपमा देखिनेछ। रिङ अफ फायरमा पूरै चन्द्रमाले सूर्यलाई ढाक्ने तर त्यसको वरिपरिबाट प्रकाश देखिन्छ। यो खालको ग्रहण भने निक्कै दुर्लभ मानिएको छ। ग्रहण लाग्दा रिङ अफ फायर भने प्राय:जसो बीचको समयमा देखिने सोसाइटीले जनाएको छ। खण्डग्रास ग्रहणलाई नाङ्गो आँखाले नहेर्न पनि सचेत गराइएको छ। के हो सूर्य ग्रहण ? सूर्यग्रहण एक प्रकारको ग्रहण हो जब चन्द्रमा, पृथ्वी र सूर्यको बीचबाट जान्छ तथा पृथ्वीबाट हेर्दा सूर्य पूर्ण अथवा आंशिक रूपमा चन्द्रमाद्वारा छेकिन्छ । पृथ्वीले सूर्यको परिक्रमा गर्छ भने चन्द्रमाले पृथ्वीको फरिक्रमा गर्ने त्रममा चन्द्रमा, सूर्य र पृथ्वीको बीचमा आउँछ। त्यसबेला सूर्यको केही या सबै प्रकाश छेक्दछ । जसले गर्दा धर्तीमा आंशिक या पूर्ण अँध्यारो फैलिन्छ । यस घटनालाई सूर्यग्रहण भनिन्छ । सूर्यग्रहणको घटना सँधै अमावस्या तिथीमा तिथीमा पर्दछ । धेरै जसो चन्द्रमाले सूर्यको केही भागलाई मात्र छेक्दछ । यो स्थितिलाई खण्डग्रास-ग्रहण भनिन्छ । कहिले कहीँ मात्र चन्द्रमाले सूर्यलाई पूरा छेक्दछ । यसलाई पूर्ण-ग्रहण अथवा खग्रास ग्रहण भनिन्छ । पूर्ण-ग्रहण धर्तीको धेरै कम क्षेत्रमा मात्र देख्न सकिन्छ । अधिकतम दुई सय पचास (२५०) किलोमीटर मात्र पूर्ण ग्रहण देख्न सकिन्छ । यस क्षेत्र बाहिर खण्डग्रास-ग्रहण मात्र देखिन्छ । पूर्ण-ग्रहणको समयमा चन्द्रमालाई सूर्यको अगाडिबाट जानमा दुई घण्टाको समय लाग्दछ । चन्द्रमाले सूर्यलाई अधिकतम, सात मिनटसम्म पुरा छेक्दछ । यसबखत आकाशमा केही समयको अँधेरो हुन्छ या दिनमा रात भएको जस्तै भान हुन्छ । सूर्यग्रहण हुनाको लागि निम्न कुराहरू पूरा हुनु आवश्यक छ । अमावस्या तिथी हुनु पर्छ। चन्दमाको रेखांश राहू या केतुको नजिकै हुनु पर्छ । चन्द्रमाको अक्षांश शून्यका नजिक हुनुपर्छ । १८ वर्ष १८ दिनको समयावधिमा ४१ सूर्यग्रहण र २९ चन्द्रग्रहण हुन्छन् । एक वर्षमा ५ सूर्यग्रहण तथा २ चन्द्रग्रहण सम्म हुन सक्छन् । त तैपनि एक वर्षमा २ सूर्यग्रहण त हुनै पर्छ । यदि कुनै वर्ष २ मात्र ग्रहण भए भने ती दुवै सूर्यग्रहण हुन्छन् । यद्यपि वर्षभरमा ७ ग्रहण सम्म संभाव्य छन्, तथापि ४ भन्दा अधिक ग्रहण धेरै कम मात्रामा देख्न पाइन्छ । प्रत्येक ग्रहण १८ वर्ष ११ दिन बीतेपछी पुन: हुन्छ ।