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Tus publication of the work Bitcoin: Decentralized Electronic Monetary System by the mysterious author Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008 marked the beginning of a new era in the information world. There was a crypto-currency – a decentralized digital unit of calculation, transactions of which are recorded in a chain of blocks. Bitcoin has really become the first implemented cryptocurrency project but the idea of cryptocurrency since the end of the last century ripened in closed circles of cryptographers and ciprofancks – people interested in protecting privacy. Bitcoin is called a follower of at least two cryptocurrency systems, which have not been implemented. The idea of the “anonymous distributed electronic money system” b-money was described in 1998 by the developer Wei Dai. In the same year, the scientist in the field of computer science, cryptography and law Nick Szabo proposed the concept of a decentralized digital currency Bitgold using the Proof-of-Work system (a modified version of the Proof-of-Work-protocol is used in Bitcoin). History of the first cryptocurrency Satoshi Nakamoto writes that work on bitcoin began in 2007. White paper bitcoin was presented in the mailing list for developers on October 31, 2008, and the first block in Bitcoin, containing the first 50 bitcoins, was produced by Satoshi on January 3, 2009, which is considered the birthday of bitcoin. The first version of bitcoin software was published on January 9. The recipient of the first bitcoin-transaction, carried out on January 12, was the cipherophone Hal Finney, the creator of the first reusable Proof-of-Work RPOW protocol. During the transaction Satoshi sent Finney 10 bitcoins to test the system. Finney said he “grabbed the first software release as soon as Satoshi announced it”: “I think I was the first person after Satoshi who ran Bitcoin,” Finney wrote. When the creator of bitcoin, never revealing his identity, retired in 2011, the development of Bitcoin was continued by the programmer Gavin Andresen (until 2016). One of the main ideas of bitcoin in particular and cryptocurrency in general is the protection of financial information “The rest can see that someone is sending a certain amount to someone else, but there is no information binding the transaction to a certain person,” says white paper bitcoin. Txawm li cas los, bitcoin is called only partially anonymous, and this is due to the peculiarities of the so-called “public” battle bitcoin: it preserves the history of all transactions, uas, on the one hand, ensures transparency of operations, but on the other, allows you to track the transaction history of a particular address, which can help in the identification of the person. Former CIA agent Edward Snowden called the public blockade “a much bigger mistake in the architecture of bitcoin” than the technical limitations in the processing of transactions. “This is simply incompatible with the mechanism aimed at long-term trading, because it is impossible to preserve the history of all purchases that a person has made in his life, while giving others access to all operations performed,” Nws hais. And in March, Snowden released secret documents of the National Security Agency (NSA), from which it follows that the agency has been tracking bitcoin users since at least 2013. During the period 2013-2014, the dynamics of the bitcoin course were marked by extreme instability. In November 2013, the price of bitcoin for the first time overcame the $ 1000 threshold, having increased 5 times in a month and 17 times since July 2013. Experts call two main reasons for such explosive growth: the spring Cypriot banking crisis and the increased demand from Chinese investors. Txawm li cas los, by the end of 2014, bitcoin fell to $ 310. Cuaj kaum, the impressive results of 2013 attracted the attention of the world media, which gave a serious impetus to the release of bitcoin from the circles of geeks and its mass distribution, as well as the creation of other cryptocurrencies.
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को प्रकाशन काम Bitcoin को: को रहस्यमय लेखक Satoshi Nakamoto द्वारा Decentralized इलेक्ट्रनिक मौद्रिक प्रणाली 2008 जानकारी संसारमा नयाँ युग को शुरुवात चिन्ह लगाइएको. त्यहाँ एक गुप्त-मुद्रा थियो – गणना को एक decentralized डिजिटल एकाइ, जो को लेनदेन ब्लक को एक श्रृंखला लिपिबद्ध छन्. Bitcoin साँच्चै पहिलो कार्यान्वयन cryptocurrency परियोजना भएको छ तर cryptographers र ciprofancks को बन्द सर्कलमा ripened गत शताब्दीको अन्त देखि cryptocurrency को विचार – मान्छे गोपनीयता सुरक्षा रुचि. Bitcoin कम्तिमा दुई cryptocurrency प्रणाली को अनुयायी भनिन्छ, लागू गरिएको छैन. को को विचार “अज्ञात वितरण इलेक्ट्रोनिक पैसा सिस्टम” ख-पैसा मा वर्णन गरिएको थियो 1998 विकासकर्ता वी दाई द्वारा. त्यसै वर्ष मा, कम्प्युटर विज्ञान को क्षेत्र मा वैज्ञानिक, क्रिप्टोग्राफी र व्यवस्था निक Szabo को प्रमाण-को-कार्य प्रणाली प्रयोग Bitgold एक decentralized डिजिटल मुद्रा को अवधारणा प्रस्तावित (को प्रमाण-को-कार्य-प्रोटोकल को एक संशोधित संस्करण Bitcoin मा प्रयोग गरिन्छ). पहिलो cryptocurrency को इतिहास Satoshi Nakamoto लेख्छन् Bitcoin मा काम सुरु 2007. सेतो कागज Bitcoin अक्टोबर मा विकासकर्ताहरूले लागि पत्राचार सूची मा प्रस्तुत गरिएको थियो 31, 2008, र Bitcoin पहिलो ब्लक, पहिलो समावेश 50 bitcoins, जनवरी मा Satoshi उत्पादित थियो 3, 2009, जो Bitcoin को जन्मदिन मानिन्छ. Bitcoin सफ्टवेयर को पहिलो संस्करण जनवरी मा प्रकाशित भएको थियो 9. पहिलो Bitcoin-कारोबार प्राप्तकर्ता, जनवरी मा बाहिर 12, को cipherophone हैल Finney थियो, पहिलो reusable प्रमाण-को-कार्य RPOW प्रोटोकल को निर्माता. लेनदेन समयमा Satoshi Finney पठाइएको 10 प्रणाली परीक्षण गर्न bitcoins. Finney उहाँले भन्नुभयो “बित्तिकै Satoshi यो घोषणा रूपमा पहिलो सफ्टवेयर जारी समाते”: “म Bitcoin भाग्यो गर्ने Satoshi पछि पहिलो व्यक्ति थियो लाग्छ,” Finney लेखे. जब Bitcoin को निर्माता, आफ्नो पहिचान कहिल्यै प्रकट, मा सेवानिवृत्त 2011, Bitcoin विकास प्रोग्रामर Gavin Andresen द्वारा जारी गरिएको थियो (सम्म 2016). सामान्य मा विशेष र cryptocurrency मा Bitcoin को मुख्य विचारहरू एक वित्तीय जानकारी सुरक्षा छ “बाँकी अरू कसैको कसैसँग केही मात्रामा पठाउँदै छ कि देख्न सक्नुहुन्छ, तर एक निश्चित व्यक्ति लेनदेन बाध्यकारी कुनै जानकारी छ,” सेतो कागज Bitcoin भन्छन्. तथापि, Bitcoin मात्र आंशिक अज्ञात भनिन्छ, र यो तथाकथित को peculiarities कारण छ “सार्वजनिक” युद्धमा Bitcoin: यो सबै लेनदेनको इतिहास जोगाउनुहुन्छ, जो, एकातिर, सञ्चालनका पारदर्शिता सुनिश्चित, अन्य मा तर, तपाईं एक विशेष ठेगाना को कारोबार इतिहास ट्र्याक गर्न अनुमति दिन्छ, जो व्यक्ति को पहिचान मा मदत गर्न सक्छ. पूर्व सीआईए एजेन्ट एडवर्ड Snowden भनिन्छ सार्वजनिक नाकाबन्दी “Bitcoin को वास्तुकला मा एक धेरै ठूलो गल्ती” लेनदेनको प्रक्रिया मा प्राविधिक सीमितता भन्दा. “यो बस दीर्घकालीन उद्देश्य संयन्त्र अनुपयुक्त छ व्यापार, किनभने यो व्यक्ति आफ्नो जीवनमा गरेको छ कि सबै खरिद इतिहास संरक्षण गर्न असम्भव छ, जबकि अन्य दिने सबै सञ्चालन पहुँच प्रदर्शन,” उसले भन्यो. र मार्च मा, Snowden जारी राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षा एजेन्सी को गोप्य कागजातहरू (एनएसए), जो बाट यो एजेन्सी कम्तिमा देखि प्रयोगकर्ता Bitcoin ट्रयाक गरिएको निम्नानुसार 2013. यस अवधिमा 2013-2014, को Bitcoin पाठ्यक्रम गतिशीलता चरम अस्थिरता द्वारा चिन्ह लगाइएको थियो. नोभेम्बर मा 2013, पहिलो पटक Bitcoin को मूल्य overcame को $ 1000 सीमा, वृद्धि भएको 5 एक महिना मा समय र 17 पटक जुलाई देखि 2013. विशेषज्ञहरु यस्तो विस्फोटक वृद्धि लागि दुई मुख्य कारण कल: वसन्त साइप्रट बैंकिङ संकट र चिनियाँ लगानीकर्ताले देखि मांग वृद्धि. तथापि, अन्त द्वारा 2014, Bitcoin गर्न गिर $ 310. तैपनि, को प्रभावशाली परिणाम 2013 संसारको मिडिया को ध्यान आकर्षित, जो geeks को सर्कल र यसको ठूलो वितरण देखि Bitcoin को जारी गर्न एक गम्भीर गति दिए, अन्य cryptocurrencies को साथै सिर्जना.