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What is the range of a normal blood pressure? Read this article to know about blood pressure, measurement of blood pressure, normal blood pressure and risks of high and low blood pressure. ” Blood pressure is the force, exerted by the circulating blood against the wall of blood vessels. In fact, blood pressure is arterial pressure. All arteries (except umbilical and pulmonary) carry oxygenated blood. In a blood circulatory system, arteries are larger blood vessels that pump out blood from the heart. The circulatory system is composed of heart, blood and blood vessels. The heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood to the body. In each heartbeat, heart is pumping blood into the arteries. A blood pressure measurement includes two pressures – systolic and diastolic. When the heart beats, blood pressure is highest and is called systolic pressure, whereas when the heart is at rest (in between heartbeats), blood pressure is lowest and is called diastolic pressure. In fact, systolic and diastolic are the two main stages of a heart pumping system. Blood Pressure Measurement Measurement of blood pressure involves reading of both systolic and diastolic pressures. Blood pressure measurement is very important to know about the condition of the heart and blood vessels. It is a very easy and painless procedure. Measurement of blood pressure (arterial pressure) is usually done by using a sphygmomanometer. A sphygmomanometer is an instrument consisting of a column of mercury, which reflects the blood-circulating pressure. Blood pressure measurement is written with the systolic pressure above or before the diastolic pressure, for example, 120/80 mmHg. The unit used to measure blood pressure is “mmHg” (millimeters of mercury). Measurement can be also be done by using electronic measuring devices. The advantage of using electronic measuring device is that there are fewer errors in the measurement. Also, mercury (a hazardous element) is not used in electronic devices. A 24-hour measurement of blood pressure is done, which is called ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). In ABPM, a person wears a device, which measures his/her blood pressure at regular intervals and gets recorded in a chip. Regular blood pressure measurement is recommended, since an increase or decrease condition in systolic and diastolic pressures may lead to certain disease complications. Normal blood pressure A normal (healthy) blood pressure range varies from one individual to another. It depends upon the age of the person and his/her profession or activities. The normal blood pressure reading is 120/80 mmHg. However, blood pressure falling in the range of 90/60 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg is considered to be normal. Normally, blood pressure fluctuates and tends to go up and down even for a healthy person. However, if a person’s measurement remains higher than the normal blood pressure for most of the time, then the person is at risk. Systolic reading between 120 and 139 mmHg and diastolic reading in a range of 80-89 mmHg is prehypertension. Readings above prehypertension is high blood pressure or hypertension. There are also cases of low blood pressure or hypotension, in which the blood pressure is below the normal reading. There are certain risks associated with low and high blood pressure. Risks for Low and High Blood Pressure The symptoms of low blood pressure include weakness, fatigue, dizziness and lethargy. Main cause of low blood pressure is due to malnutrition. Low blood pressure is more common among older people and those people, who are in medication for high blood pressure. Prolonged stress and frustration can also cause low blood pressure. Many a times, thyroid problems occur in conjunction with low blood pressure. People with low blood pressure are advised to eat healthy and nutritious foods. Consuming salt to a certain amount also proves to be useful for low-pressure people. High blood pressure is also called as ‘silent killer” since there are no prominent symptoms. It increases the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Hypertension may be due to narrowing of the blood vessels, which forces the heart to pump harder for circulating blood to other parts of the body. High blood pressure may also affect the other organs of the body. Some of the effects of hypertension are heart failure, heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, impaired vision, vascular dementia, and other diseases related to blood vessel and blood circulation. Ways to lower hypertension include natural home remedies and prescribed medication. Normal blood pressure can be maintained by following a healthy diet scheme, regular exercise and medication, if required. Drinking alcoholic beverages to more than a certain limit is proved to be harmful for both low- and high-pressure people. Smoking proves to increase the risk of high blood pressure. Studies have found out that human urine contains a hormone of xanthurenic-acid derivative, which can help in treatment of hypertension by flushing out excess sodium from the body. Antioxidants found in grapes can also help in treating hypertension. There are certain low-pressure diets and high-pressure diets recommended to control blood pressure. It is advisable to check your blood pressure regularly. If necessary, consult your physician or other related health practitioner to guide you to the right treatment.
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रक्तचाप नियन्त्रण गर्न के गर्ने काठमाडौं । युवाहरुलाई आजकल बदलिएको जीवनशैली र गलत खानाका कारण धेरै रोगहरुको शिकार बनाएको छ। यस्ता दीर्घ रोगहरु अहिले सबै उमेर समूह र सबै अवस्थाका मानिसहरूमा देखिने गरेको छ । रक्तचाप २ प्रकारको हुन्छन् । पहिलो उच्च रक्तचाप र निम्न रक्तचाप । उच्च रक्तचाप मुटु रोगको एक प्रमुख कारण हो। यो समस्या जो कोहीको लागि भारी हुन सक्छ र यसले धेरै हदसम्म हृदयसँग सम्बन्धित समस्या निम्त्याउन सक्छ । धेरै मानिसहरु रक्तचाप नियन्त्रण गर्न ट्याब्लेट लिन्छन् । लामो समयसम्म ट्याब्लेट लिनु शरीरको लागि राम्रो मानिँदैन। निसन्देह, रक्तचाप एक ट्याब्लेट खाएर नियन्त्रण गर्न सकिन्छ, तर तपाइँ आफ्नो जीवनको बाँकी समय त्यही ट्याबलेटका कारण समस्यामा पर्न सक्नुहुनेछ । उच्च रक्तचापको समस्या भएकाहरूको लागि केही प्राकृतिक तरिकाहरू छन् । यी विधिहरुमा केही अभ्यास पनि सामेल छन् । व्यायाम उच्च रक्तचापबाट बच्ने मुख्य तरिका हो । एक्सरसाइजले रक्त प्रवाहलाई मात्रै फाइदा नगरी हाम्रो समग्र स्वास्थ्यलाई पनि यसले फाइदा पुर्याउँछ। रक्तचाप भन्नाले मुटुद्वारा पम्प गरिएको रगत रक्त वाहिकाबाट कति छिटो सार्छ भन्नेसँग सम्बन्धित हुन्छ । आनुवंशिकी, वातावरण, जीवनशैली, गलत आहार, धुम्रपान, शारीरिक निष्क्रियता, तनाव आदि कम वा उच्च रक्तचापको कारण हुन सक्छ। मोटोपनाको कारण, बोसो शरीरमा मात्र छालाको मुनि जम्मा हुन्छ त्यसैले रक्तचापको समस्या अधिक वजन भएका मानिसहरुमा देखिन्छ। उच्च रक्तचाप नियन्त्रणका लागि औषधि खाएर मात्र हुँदैन, जीवनशैली बदल्नु नै सर्वोत्तम हो । अतः केही त्यस्ता प्राकृतिक अभ्यास छन्, जसले उच्च रक्तचाप नियन्त्रणमा सहयोग गर्छ । उच्च रक्तचाप तपाईंको धमनी साँघुरो भएको अवस्थालाई उच्च रक्तचाप भनिन्छ। लामो समयसम्म बढेको दबाबले मुटुमा समस्या पनि निम्त्याउँछ। उच्च रक्तचापले रक्त वाहिकाहरु र मस्तिष्क, मुटु, आँखा, र गुर्दे को रूपमा अंगहरु लाई हानि गर्न सक्छ। कम रक्तचाप कम रक्तचाप हाइपोटेन्सनको एक शर्त हो जसमा रक्त वाहिकामा रगतको चाप घट्छ र रगत एक ढिलो दरमा मुटुमा प्रवाह हुन्छ । जब रगतको प्रवाह कम हुन्छ, पर्याप्त रगत मस्तिष्क, मुटु, आँखा, र गुर्दसम्म पुग्दैन । जसले शरीरमा अनेक समस्या निम्त्याउँछ । यो अवस्थामा पनि व्यक्तिमा धेरै शारीरिक समस्याहरु हुन सक्छ। यदि तपाइँ उच्च वा कम रक्तचाप नियन्त्रण गर्नको लागि व्यायाम गर्न चाहनुहुन्छ भने जिम जाने कुनै आवश्यकता छैन। तपाईं एक प्रशिक्षक बिना यी अभ्यास गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ। १. तीव्र रूपले हिँड्नु तीव्र रूपले हिँड्ने विधिबाट पनि रक्तचाप घटाउन मद्दत गर्छ । यो धेरै मानिसहरुमा देखा पर्न सक्छ । तर यो सत्य हो । तीब्र रूपमा हिँड्दा अस्थायी रूपमा रक्तचाप बढ्छ । तर यो समग्र फिटनेसका लागि राम्रो कुरा हो । समग्र फिटनेसले उच्च रक्तचापको सुधारमा मद्दत गर्छ । तर यसका लागि कम वजनको साथमा केही सरल व्यायाम गर्नुपर्छ । २. कार्डियो कार्डियो मुटुको लागि सबैभन्दा राम्रो व्यायाम हो । किनकि यसले रगतको प्रवाह बढाउँछ । यो कसरतले धेरै क्यालोरी घटाउँछ र मुटुलाई स्वस्थ राख्छ । यदि तपाईंसँग उच्च रक्तचापको समस्या छ भने धिमा गतिमा कार्डियो व्यायाम गर्नुपर्छ । जस्तै नृत्य, डोरी नागी खेल, पौडी, साइकलिङ आदि । यो व्यायामले तपाईंको रक्तचाप स्वाभाविक रूपमा कम हुनेछ । ३. घरेलु कामहरु घरेलु कामले तपाईंलाई क्यालोरी खर्च गर्न मद्दत गर्छ । अर्को शब्दमा भन्दा यसले तपाईंलाई दिनभरि सक्रिय राख्न मद्दत गर्छ । यसको लागि तपाईं बागवानी, सफाइ, भाँडामा पानी बोक्ने, बजारबाट सामान ल्याउने आदि काम गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ। ४. स्ट्रेचिङ स्ट्रेचिंगले शरीरलाई लचिलो बनाउँछ । जसले शरीरलाई धेरै तरिकाले फाइदा पुर्याउन सक्छ । यो विशेष गरी तपाईंको मांसपेशीको समस्या, चोटको सम्भावनालाई कम गर्नको लागि सहयोगी हुन सक्छ । मांसपेशीलाई तान्नुले रगतको प्रवाहमा पनि सुधार ल्याउँछ । जसले उच्च रक्तप्रवाहमा मद्दत गर्छ। यसबाहेक स्ट्रेचिंगले तनावबाट पनि राहत दिनेछ, तनाव पनि उच्च रक्तचापको कारण हो ।