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These days there is a Russia-Ukraine dispute all over the world. Everyone is talking about this. The eyes of diplomats and army chiefs of different countries are on this dispute. Russia is said to have killed five Ukrainian soldiers. People around the world are horrified by the fear of war. Tensions between Russia and Ukraine are on the rise The tension between Russia and Ukraine is not new. Until about 30 years ago, the two countries were the same, but today the border of Russia and Ukraine is counted among the most tense borders in the world. If there is a war, surely no country will be immune from its flames. Meanwhile, NATO is also being discussed a lot. It is being said that if Russia attacks Ukraine, then NATO forces from Europe and America will be bound for joint action. Do you know about NATO? If not, then no problem, today we will tell you everything that a person needs to know about NATO. Like what is NATO? Why was it formed? What is the role of NATO in the current Ukraine-Russia dispute? Let’s start- Russia-Ukraine dispute History In August 1991, Ukraine declared independence from the Soviet Union. A referendum was held on 1 December of the same year, in which 90% of Ukrainians voted to leave the Soviet Union. The next day, the then President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, recognized Ukraine as a separate country. At that time Russia also called Crimea as part of Ukraine. In 1954, the Supreme Leader of the Soviet Union Nikita Khrushchev gave Crimea to Ukraine as a gift. Protests in Ukraine after becoming pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych won the 2004 presidential election in Ukraine. Yanukovich is considered a supporter of Russia. After his victory, a rebellion broke out in Ukraine. It was named Orange Revolution. The protesters were demanding a recount. Russia claimed the hand of Western countries behind these demonstrations. In 2008, opposition leader Viktor Yushchenko presented a plan for Ukraine to join NATO. America supported it. But Russian President Vladimir Putin opposed it. NATO announced the inclusion of Georgia and Ukraine. But Russia attacked Georgia and captured two of its areas within 4 days. The situation worsened with the re-election of Yanukovich Viktor Yanukovich once again won the 2010 presidential election. He rejected Ukraine’s offer to join NATO. In November 2013, Yanukovich withdrew from signing a deal with the European Union. Ukraine was going to get an economic package of $ 15 billion from this agreement. People took to the streets to protest against Yanukovich’s decision. Dozens of protesters were killed in the capital Kiev in February 2014. The protests grew so much that on 22 February 2014, Yanukovich had to flee the country. Crimea was invaded after the European Union’s supporters came to power in Ukraine. Rebels wearing army uniforms captured the Crimean parliament. Russian President Putin refused to accept that they were Russian soldiers. In March 2014, a referendum was held in Crimea. In this, 97 percent people voted in favor of joining Russia. Overnight more than 25 thousand soldiers and their families of Ukraine were evacuated from there. Crimea officially became part of Russia on 18 March 2014. The struggle continued even after the annexation of Crimea. Separatists declared a separate country in Donetsk and Luhansk, two areas of Donbass in Ukraine. Donetsk and Luhansk are now two different countries. Then Zelensky came to power. Volodymyr Zelensky was elected President of Ukraine in the 2019 election. He promised to restore the old status of Donbass. Zelensky intensified efforts to join NATO as soon as he came to power. In November 2021, satellite images revealed that Russia has started deploying troops near the Ukrainian border. Russia does not want Ukraine to join NATO, because Russia feels that if this happens, NATO soldiers and bases will come and stand near its border. Understand the dispute between Russia and Ukraine - Last year in mid-December 2021, Russia had informed Western countries including America about its demands. Russia wanted written assurances from Western countries not to move east of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). Apart from this, Russia demanded the withdrawal of NATO forces from Poland and the Baltic states and the removal of American nuclear weapons from Europe. The most important of these demands was that Ukraine should never be allowed to join NATO. Western countries including America did not accept it. - David Ramnik, editor of the New Yorker, was a Washington Post correspondent from 1987–1991. He wrote in his book Lenin’s Tomb: Last Days of the Soviet Empire that losing Ukraine to Lenin is like beheading Russia. Putin has also called the disintegration of the Soviet Union the biggest tragedy of the last century and he is constantly trying to restore Russia’s influence in the countries that have left the Soviet Union. According to Putin, Russia and Ukraine share the same history and spiritual heritage. - After the end of the Cold War in the 90s of the last century, NATO expanded to the east and included countries that were previously part of the Soviet Union. Russia saw this as a threat. Ukraine is not a part of it yet, but Russia has been alerted by Ukraine’s joint military exercises with NATO countries and the acquisition of weapons such as US anti-tank missiles. According to Putin, NATO can use Ukraine as a launchpad for missile attacks on Russia. According to Taras Kuzio’s article on the NATO website, the biggest reason for the current crisis is that Russia wants to include Ukraine back under its influence. - One reason for this dispute is economic because Russia cannot afford the union without its second largest economy, Ukraine. - The geographical location of Russia is also a factor in this dispute. Ukraine is the second largest country in Europe after Russia. Ukraine has important ships near the Black Sea and shares its border with four NATO countries. Russia supplies a third of Europe’s need for natural gas, and a major pipeline passes through Ukraine. In such a situation, the security of the pipeline will be strengthened by the occupation of Ukraine. What is NATO? First of all, let us answer the same question what is NATO? Let us tell you that the full form of NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It is also called North Atlantic Treaty Organization in Hindi. It is a common military and political organization of America and Europe. It basically creates a system of collective security. Under this, its member states agree to mutual defense in response to any outside attack. Let us tell you friends that it was formed on April 4, 1949. At present, its headquarters Brussels (Brussels) are in Belgium. At this time people in almost every country are discussing NATO (NOTA). Also Read - Punjab Labour Card Registration Online Apply 2022 - Mithya web series download 1080p 720p 480p HD - 23 February History in Hindi – 23 फरवरी का इतिहास, बॉलीवुड से लेकर पूरे विश्व के लिए स्मरणीय है यह दिन - How to become a doctor? – Doctor Kaise Bane in 2021? - RTPS Service Plus Registration & Login 2022 Process Bihar - Bihar Panchayat Secretary Vacancy 2022 in Krishi vibhag - PM Kisan E-KYC Morpho Setting 2022 What is the Russia-Ukraine dispute? After knowing about NATO, it is necessary to know what is the Russo-Ukraine dispute, after which NATO has come into the discussion. Let us tell you that the reason for the dispute is the desire of Ukraine. It wants to become a member of NATO, but Russia is opposed to it. NATO, as we told you, is a military alliance between America and Western countries, so Russia does not want its neighboring country Ukraine to become a friend of NATO. This will harm him that as we told you NATO is a military group, Russia’s neighboring countries like Estonia and Latvia have already joined it, which were earlier part of the Soviet Union. If Ukraine also becomes a part of NATO, then Russia will be surrounded by enemy countries from all sides. America will dominate him. If Russia attacks Ukraine in the event of Ukraine becoming a member of NATO, then under the agreement all 30 countries of the group will consider themselves an attack and assist Ukraine. In the event of a war erupting over this dispute arising out of NATO countries, more than one country will be involved in it. Let us tell you that the 450-km long international border with Ukraine is currently under severe tension. Russia has stationed millions of its soldiers there. Apart from this, he has also deployed his warships in the Black Sea. Russian President Vladimir Putin has recognized two countries of Ukraine’s separatist regions, Luhansk and Donetsk. Along with this, it has also been announced to send an army to help the separatists in these areas. This has escalated the controversy. The world has been divided into two factions after Russia and Ukraine came face to face. On one hand, there is Russia, which is supported by countries like China and on the other hand, there is Ukraine, which is being supported by other NATO countries including America, Britain. Why is Ukraine important to Russia? How important Ukraine is to Russia can be understood from the fact that Ukraine is located on the western border of Russia. Let us tell you that when the Second World War went on from 1939 to 1945 and Russia was attacked, Ukraine was the only area from where Russia had managed to secure its border. If Ukraine joins NATO countries, Russia’s capital, Moscow, will be just 640 kilometers to the west. At present, its distance is about one and a half thousand kilometers. The importance of Ukraine can be gauged from a talk by Vladimir Lenin, the hero of the Russian revolution. He said, ‘To Russia to lose Ukraine would be like having its head cut off from a body. Why does Ukraine want to become a member of NATO? Now the question can definitely come to anyone’s mind why does Ukraine want to become a member of NATO? Let us tell you, friends, this is not a matter of one or two or ten years old, but about 100 years old. So old that when a separate country did not even exist. Before 1917, Russia and Ukraine were a part of the Russian Empire. After the Russian Revolution in 1917, Ukraine declared itself an independent country. Although it remained an independent country only for barely three years. In 1920, it again joined the Soviet Union, despite this, the people there continued to consider themselves citizens of the independent country. When the Soviet Union disintegrated in 1991, about 31 years ago, 15 new countries including Ukraine were formed. It was from here that Ukraine became truly independent. Ukraine does not deny its reality. He knows that he can never compete with Russia on his own. It neither has a huge army like Russia nor modern weapons. It has 1.1 million soldiers and 98 fighter planes. Whereas Russia’s strength is much more than that. Therefore, he wants to join such a military organization, with the help of which his independence remains intact. For this, he likes NATO the best. That’s why he wants to join NATO. How was NATO founded? Friends, let us tell you that after the Second World War, France and the UK feared an attack by Germany or the Soviet Union. In view of this, France and the United Kingdom signed the Treaty of Dunkirk for alliance and mutual assistance in the event of a possible attack. In 1948, this alliance was expanded as the Western Union by the Brussels Treaty Organization ie BTO and the Benelux countries were also included in it. After this, talks began for a new military alliance, in which there was talk of joining North America. The alliance expanded on April 4, 1949. The North Atlantic treaty was signed. Its early member countries included Western Union, the United States, Canada, Portugal, Italy, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland. Which are the Benelux countries? We told you in the above post that while expanding the alliance through BTO, Benelux countries were also included in it. Here the question must be arising in your mind that what are the Benelux countries. Friends, let us tell you that Benelux is an economic union of three neighboring countries, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg. The name Benelux was formed by combining the first two letters of the English language names of these countries. Which countries are members of NATO? Friends, let us tell you that 30 countries of the world are members of NATO. Now let me tell you the names of these countries. These include the United States, Albania, Bulgaria, Belgium, Croatia, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Germany, Italy, Iceland, Lithuania, Latvia, Luxembourg, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland. , Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, the United Kingdom and Turkey. Of these, 10 countries are located in the immediate vicinity of Russia. What is the stand of NATO countries in this dispute? Friends, let us inform you that China is complete with Russia. But America is not far behind either. He has already announced to support Ukraine in the event of war. It has asked its 9,000 soldiers to be prepared to deal with the Ukraine crisis. The 5,000 soldiers, who are part of NATO, are currently in Russia’s neighboring Poland. 4,000 soldiers are in Romania and Bulgaria. Although the US and NATO countries have made it clear that they will not send their troops directly to Ukraine. But they will continue to provide him with other assistance, such as weapons, medical facilities, etc. As far as other countries are concerned, the European countries of NATO in the present dispute are not as aggressors as America in view of their business interests. Let us tell you that recently the heads of Germany and France have visited Moscow and tried to reduce the dispute. These countries want a peaceful solution to the matter. Actually, the Nord gas pipeline is the biggest challenge for them at this time. This gas pipeline is almost ready between Russia and Germany. European countries consider this pipeline necessary in the midst of a deepening energy crisis. It is now clear that if the European countries of NATO go to Ukraine, then Russia can cancel this pipeline. However, if the economic blockade of Russia is carried out, then the European countries of NATO will have to cooperate. America has tried its best to break the banking system of Russia. Talking about the European countries of NATO, only Britain has a slight attitude towards America. He is a votary of the sovereignty of Ukraine. What is India’s stand on NATO and Russia-Ukraine? Friends, India has good relations with both Russia and America. 55% of India’s arms are imported from Russia, while its relations with the US have also improved a lot in the last 10 years. The country in which Ukraine first opened its embassy in Asia was India. Since then Ukraine has had economic and diplomatic relations with India. India is in such a position that it cannot stand with anyone. So far, India has adopted a neutral stand. It has advocated the resolution of the Russia-Ukraine dispute through diplomacy. The policy of neutrality in Ukraine is the best so far. This is the reason that when 10 countries including America recently brought a resolution on Ukraine in the United Nations ie the UN, India did not vote in favor of anyone. There is another reason for India to remain neutral in this matter. Let us tell you that Russia has so far adopted a neutral stand on the India-China border dispute. In such a situation, if India supports Ukraine, diplomatically Russia will stand on China’s side. This will not be good for India. There are also about 20 thousand Indians trapped in Ukraine at present, out of which 18 thousand students went there to study medicine. What is the full form of NATO? The full form of NATO is North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It is also called North Atlantic Treaty Organization in Hindi. When was NATO formed? NATO has formed about 73 years ago on April 4, 1949. How many member countries are there in NATO? There are a total of 30 member countries in NATO, we have given you information about their names in the above post. Which are the Benelux countries? The Benelux countries include three countries, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg. Benelux is made by combining the initial letters of their name. It is the economic union of these nations. Was Ukraine a part of Russia before? Yes, Ukraine was part of Russia before 1917. Why does Ukraine want to become a member of NATO? Ukraine wants to become a member of NATO to maintain its independence, as it is not able to counter Russia on its own. What is the attitude of the European countries of NATO towards Russia? The European countries of NATO are not yet aggressive towards Russia in view of their trading interests. What is India’s stand in Russia-Ukraine dispute? India’s stand is neutral in Russia-Ukraine dispute. What is the biggest concern of the Indian government regarding Ukraine at this time? At present, the biggest concern of the Government of India regarding Ukraine is about 20 thousand citizens trapped there. Of these, 18 thousand are students going there to study medicine. in this post we have given you What is NATO? What is the Russia-Ukraine dispute? Russia Ukraine dispute Important information regarding Hope this post has proved useful for you for the purpose of increasing the information. If you want similar informative post from us, then you can tell us by commenting in the comment box given below. Your responses are welcome as always. Thank you..
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एजेन्सी । २०औं शताब्दीको पछिल्लो धेरै दशक सोभियत संघ विश्वभर प्रभावशाली बन्यो । ३० डिसेम्बर सन् १९२२ मा औपचारिक रुपमा स्थापित कम्युनिस्ट मुलुक ३० डिसेम्बर सन् १९९१ मा विघटित भयो । विश्वकै सबैभन्दा ठूलो थियो सोभियत संघ । विश्वको कुल भूमिको ६ भागको एक भाग सोभियत संघ थियो । अमेरिकालाई चुनौती दिनसक्ने विश्वको एकमात्र देशमा सोभियत संघ मानिन्थ्यो । त्यहाँ गणराज्यहरु थिए । तत्कालीन सोभियत संघ वारसा नामको संगठनको नेतृत्व गर्दथ्यो । उसका लागि अमेरिका नेतृत्वको नाटो सम्वद्ध पश्चिमा देशहरु थिए । तत्कालीन सोभियत संघको मुख्य प्रभाव पूर्वी यूरोप, क्युबा, उत्तर कोरिया, इरान, सिरिया, लिबियालगायत देशहरुमा थिए । तर, अमेरिकासँगको लामो टकरावसँगै कम्युनिस्ट शासन असफल भयो । लेनिन र स्टालिनले बलपूर्वक स्थापित गरेको कम्युनिस्ट शासन सन् १९९१ मा ढल्यो । त्यो सँगै सोभियत संघ विघटन भयो । विशाल अनि शक्तिशाली सोभियत संघ १५ टुक्रा भयो । रुस, युक्रेन, बेलारुस, उज्वेकस्तिान, काजिकिस्तान, जर्जिया, अजरबैजान, लिथुआनिया, मोल्डाभिया, लात्भिया, किर्गिजस्तान, ताजिकिस्तान, आर्मेनिया, तुर्केमिनिस्तान र स्टोनिया हुन् । भूगोलको हिसाबले पूर्व सोभियत संघका देशहरुमध्ये रुसपछि काजिकिस्तान सबैभन्दा ठूलो देश हो । सैन्य शक्तिको हिसाबले रुसपछि बलियो देश युक्रेन हो । सोभियत संघ विघटन भएपछि राजधानी मस्कोसहितको विशाल भूमि रुसका रुपमा रह्यो । रुस टुक्रिएपनि सँसारकै सबैभन्दा ठूलो देशकै रुपमा कायम रह्यो । सैन्य शक्तिमा पनि दोस्रो स्थानमै रह्यो । सोभियत संघको विघटनपछि रुसले ठूलो आर्थिक संकट व्यहोरेको थियो । उसको विश्वव्यापी राजनीतिक प्रभाव समेत कमजोर भयो । रुस चरम संकटमा गयो । कम्युनिस्टहरुप्रति मानिसहरुमा यतिसम्मकी वितृष्णा भयो कि सम्झन पनि चाहेनन् । बोरिस यल्तसिनले कठोर शासन चलाए । उनमा कम्युनिस्टकालीन कार्यशैली थियो । तर, यल्तसिनको कालमा पृथकतावादीहरु चलमलाइरहे । चेचेन्यालगायतका भूभाग विभाजित हुन खोजे । रुस फेरि अर्को विघटनको भारी बोक्न चाहँदैनथ्यो । यस्तो अवस्थाबीच भ्लादिमिर पुटिनको उदय भयो । वास्तवमा पुटिन पूर्व गुप्तचर प्रमुख थिए । उनी जर्मनीमा खटिएका थिए । चलाख र कामप्रति दत्तचित्त हुने शैलीका भएकाले उनले चाँडै यल्तसिनको विश्वास जिते । पुटिन धेरै वरिष्ठ रुसी नेताहरुलाई पन्छाउँदै राष्ट्रपति बन्न पुगे । उनलाई यल्तसिनले सत्तामा चढाएका थिए । पुटिनले रुसको शक्ति पुर्नजिवित गर्न थाले । रुसका लागि जो कोही खतरा हुन्थ्यो उसलाई ठेगान लगाउन थाले । उनमा कूटनीतिक चार्तुयता पनि थियो । सन् २०१८ मा विश्वकप फुटबल आयोजनाको प्रतिष्पर्धा जितेपछि पुटिनले आफ्नो विश्वव्यापी प्रभाव प्रमाणित गरे । यो प्रकरणले अमेरिका, बेलायतसहित कतिपय पश्चिमा देशहरुलाई धक्का लाग्यो । फिफामा घोटाला काण्ड नै निस्कियो । त्यसले रुसको शक्ति पुर्नजिवित भएको विश्लेषण हुन गए । सोभियत संघ विघटनपछि रुस यति कमजोर भएको थियो कि रुसको वरपरका देशहरु अमेरिका नेतृत्वको नाटोमा आवद्ध हुँदै गएका थिए । पोल्यान्ड, हंगेरीलगायत सोभियत संघसँग निकट देशहरु अमेरिका निकट पुगिसकेका थिए । त्यसलाई पुटिनले चुनौती सम्झिए । पूर्व सोभियत संघ सम्वद्ध देशहरुमा पनि नाटो फैलिइरहेको थियो । इस्टोनिया, लात्भिया, लिथुआनिया नाटोमा आवद्ध छन् । यतिसम्मकी रुसको प्रभाव रहेको युक्रेन समेत अमेरिकासँग नजिकियो । नाटोमा आवद्ध हुन खोज्यो । त्यहाँ रुसनिकट राष्ट्रपति हटेर अमेरिकानिकट सत्तामा आए । यो घटनापछि पुटिनले रुसमाथि खतरा देखे । क्रिमियामाथि हस्तक्षेप गरी नियन्त्रण बनाए । युक्रेनसँग विवाद चलिरहँदा पश्चिम यूरोपसँग जोड्ने ग्याँस पाइपलाइनको निर्माण भयो । ब्ल्याक सी मुनी १२०० किलोमिट र लम्बाईको पाइपलाइन जर्मनीमा जोडियो । त्यो पाइपलाइनबाट रुसले अरबौं डलर आम्दानी गर्ने आँकलन गरियो । पश्चिम यूरोपमा ५० प्रतिशत सस्तोमा रुसले ग्याँस बेच्दा युक्रेन, पोल्यान्डलगायत देशमाथि ठूलो आर्थिक चुनौती बढ्ने देखियो । अर्कोतर्फ, पश्चिम यूरोपसम्म रुसको प्रभाव बढ्न सक्ने भयो । यसबाट अमेरिका झस्कियो । रुस भने पूर्व सोभियत संघसम्वद्ध देशहरुलाई नजिक बनाउँदै लान थाल्यो । बेलारुससँग एकीकरणको पहल चल्यो । रुस र बेलारुस एउटै देश जस्तो भए । काजिकिस्तानमा रुसी प्रभाव झन् बढ्यो । रुसनिकट शासकमाथिको विरोध प्रदर्शन दबाउन रुसी सैनिक नै काजिकिस्तान पुग्यो । रुससहित आर्मेनिया, बेलारुस, काजिकिस्तान र ताजिकिस्तानको संयुक्त सैनिक संगठन छ । काजिकिस्तानको सत्ताविरुद्धको प्रदर्शन दबाउन यो संगठनको सैनिक नै पस्यो । यसरी रुस पूर्व सोभियत संघ सम्वद्ध देशहरुलाई नजिक ल्याउन रणनीतिक रुपमा बढिरह्यो । पूर्वी सोभियत संघ सम्वद्ध देशहरुलाई एउटै देशका रुपमा समेट्ने या आफ्नै प्रभाव चलाउन मिल्ने गरी पुटिन अगाडि बढे । युक्रेन संकट यसैको सेरोफेरोमा आयो । १० फागुनमा युक्रेनका रक्षामन्त्री ओलेक्सिे रेज्निकोभले रुसमाथि सोभियत संघ ब्युँताउन लागेको टिप्पणी गरेका छन् । उनको भनाई पुष्टि हुने गरी पुटिन अगाडि बढेका छन् । उनी निकै शक्तिशाली देखिएका छन् । पुटिनले रुसको शक्तिलाई पुर्नजिवित गरेको सन्देशहरु गइरह्यो । अमेरिकाले रुसकै रणनीतिक कदमका कारण अफगानिस्तान छाड्नुपरेको विश्लेषणहरु भइरहेको छ । जसरी तालिवानलाई प्रयोग गरेर अमेरिकाले तत्कालीन सोभियत सैनिक अफगानिस्तानबाट फर्कन वाध्य बनायो त्यसैगरी रुसले तालिवान प्रयोग गरेर अमेरिकी सैनिक अफगानिस्तानबाट फर्कन वाध्य बनायो । विश्वले महाशक्ति अमेरिका अफगानिस्तानबाट फर्किइरहेको दृश्यहरु हेरिरह्यो । सिरियामा रुसनिकट शासक बसर अल असदलाई हटाउन अमेरिकासहित कतिपय पश्चिमा देशहरुको प्रयास विफल भयो । लिबियामा रुसी भूमिका देखिन थालेको छ । अफ्रिका र ल्याटिन अमेरिकामा पनि रुसले प्रभाव बढाउँदै लगेको छ । दक्षिण एशियामा भारतसँगको परम्परागत सम्बन्धलाई रुसले कायमै राख्न सकेको छ । विस्तारै शक्ति विस्तार गरेको रुसले पूर्व सोभियत संघ आवद्ध देशहरुको विभिन्न संगठनलाई मजबुत बनाउन खोजेको छ । जसमध्ये काजिकिस्तानमा भएको विद्रोह दबाउन रुससहितका देशहरुको सैनिक प्रवेश पनि उदाहरण बन्यो । उसले रुसी बाहुल्य जनसंख्या भएको बेलारुसलगायत निकट देशहरुलाई रुसमै गाभ्न खोजेको छ । यसलाई एकीकरणको नाम दिइएको छ । रुसको पछिल्लो कदमलाई उसको सोभियत संघ ब्युँताउने प्रयासको रुपमा बुझ्न थालिएको छ । पुटिनमा रुसलाई पुरानै अवस्थामा फर्काउने महत्वाकांक्षा जागिसकेको देखिन्छ । यसकारण उनी आक्रामक बन्दै गएका छन् ।