https___www.marketplace.org_2017_09_22_world_4-things-you-didnt-know-about-north-koreas-economy.xml
https___setopati.com_global_korea_82508_1.xml
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President Trump has said the U.S. will impose new sanctions on North Korea and praised China for taking measures to financial transactions with the nation. That came after he spoke at the United Nations where, in a speech, he said he would "totally destroy" North Korea if its nuclear program threatened the U.S. or its allies. So, what effect can sanctions have on the North Korean economy? And what does that economy look like? We break it down for you. Despite sanctions, North Korea's economy is actually growing. North Korea's economy grew by 3.9 percent in 2016. It has a lot to do with the country's changing view of the world economy. North Korean leader Kim Jong Un is embracing markets and is establishing more channels of interactions with the outside world — even with efforts by the international community to impose sanctions. And that means goods are being bought and sold within the country. "There are locations that look like kind of early versions of North Korea's Walmart," said Scott Snyder, director of the program on U.S.-Korea policy at the Council on Foreign Relations. "You can go in and go to different stalls and buy and sell whatever you need." Those traders, however, are also subject to threats, intimidation and bribes. The market in North Korea is rife with corruption. "It's really a frontier-style predatory market economy rather than anything where there's a level playing field that regulates capitalist exchange," Snyder said. Sanctions have, until now, been focused on goods that could be used in North Korea's nuclear program. That's changing. In the past year, the U.N. has begun to impose sectoral sanctions on North Korean exports. It's designed to reduce North Korea's access to foreign currency. "So far, I don't know that the sanctions have had much of an impact on the average North Korean," Snyder said. "This could change that." We now see bans on fishery exports and textile exports. Those are major sources of foreign exchange. While most of North Korea's trade happens with China, new sanctions limit that. So, they're getting craftier. There's been a cap on North Korean exports of coal to China, a major source of income for the North Korean state. Over the past eight months, North Korea has moved to selling more coal to Vietnam and Malaysia. "What we're really doing is playing a game of whack-a-mole with North Korea," Snyder said. "For every sanction that is introduced, the North Koreans try to find some sort of sanctions evasion measure as a way of trying to keep themselves plugged into the global economy." Most of the goods that enter North Korea come through trade with China. And that relationship keeps North Korea afloat. "They're essentially the umbilical cord to the national economy for North Korea," Snyder said. "North Koreans use Chinese front companies and Chinese partners as the main instruments to get the goods that they need in order to build their nuclear program or get food and fuel for their citizenry." Sanctions and pressuring North Korea's economy can only get so much done. That's because North Korea isn't seeking economic dominance. "The rationale for the pursuit for a nuclear and missile program is really associated with regime survival," Snyder said. "The opening offer that the regime has offered is they want the United States to abandon their hostile policy toward North Korea." “I think the best compliment I can give is not to say how much your programs have taught me (a ton), but how much Marketplace has motivated me to go out and teach myself.” – Michael in Arlington, VABEFORE YOU GO
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उत्तर कोरियाका राष्ट्रपति किम जोङ उन ‘युद्ध गर्न लालायित छन्’। यो भनाइ संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघका लागि अमेरिकी दूत निक्की हालेको हो। पछिल्लो पटक गरेको शक्तिशाली आणविक परीक्षणपछि किम जोङ युद्धका लागि ललकारेको प्रतिक्रिया निक्कीले दिएकी हुन्। सोमबार न्योयोर्कमा भएको राष्ट्रसंघ सुरक्षा परिषद्को आकस्मिक वैठकमा निक्कीले भनिन्, ‘अमेरिका कहिल्यै युद्ध चाहँदैन। तर, यसको धैर्यको सीमा छ।’ योसँगै अमेरिकाले उत्तर कोरिया प्रतिबन्धमा अझै कडाइ गर्न राष्ट्र संघमा नयाँ प्रस्ताव पेश गर्ने भएको छ। वैठकमा चीनले अमेरिका र उत्तर कोरियाले पुनः वार्ता गर्नुपर्ने सुझाएको छ भने स्वीट्जरल्याण्डले मध्यस्थताकर्ताको भूमिका खेल्ने बताएको छ। यता दक्षिण कोरिया पनि क्षेप्यास्त्र परीक्षणमा लागेको छ। सोमबारको परीक्षणपछि उसले युद्धाभ्यास सुरु गरेको छ। ‘उत्तरले निहुँ खोज्यो भने हामी तुरुन्त प्रतिकार गर्नेछौं र, समुन्द्रमै खतम गरिदिनेछौं’ भन्ने चेतावनी दिएको स्थानीय योन्हाप न्यूज एजेन्सीले उल्लेख गरेको छ। उत्तर कोरियाले आइतबार गरेको परीक्षणमा प्रतिक्रिया जनाउँदै दक्षिण कोरियाले सोमबार जवाफी परीक्षण गरेको हो। खबरका अनुसार उत्तर कोरिया नयाँ क्षेप्यास्त्र परीक्षणको तयारी गरिरहेको छ। यी सबै तनाव कम गर्न उत्तरमाथिको प्रतिबन्धमा अत्यन्त कडाइ गर्नुपर्ने राष्ट्र संघको वैठकमा निक्कीले बताएकी हुन्। अमेरिकाको पहलमा संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघले उत्तर कोरियामा नयाँ नाकाबन्दी लगाएपछि दुई देशबीच तनाव चर्किएको हो। अमेरिकासँगको तनावका कारण उसको क्षेत्र गुआम हमला गर्ने चेतावनी बारम्बार दिदैं आएको छ। यसैक्रममा उसले जापानी आकाश हुँदै क्षेप्यास्त्र प्रहार गरेपछि विवाद झनै चर्किएको हो। प्रकाशित मिति: मंगलबार, भदौ २०, २०७४, १२:४८:३४