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HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a potentially life-threatening condition. It damages the immune system and affects the body’s ability to fight infections. There is no cure for HIV/AIDS. However, there are few medications that can help slow the progression of the disease. Facts About HIV Currently, about 36.9 million people are infected with HIV/AIDS worldwide. Most of us always get confused when it comes to HIV and AIDS. To understand HIV and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), it is necessary to understand the difference and meaning of the two. Human Immunodeficiency Virus is one of the group of viruses known as Retrovirus. After getting into the body, HIV damages the immune system and destroys the body’s ability to fight infections and some cancers. AIDS is a disease caused by HIV. It occurs when the virus damages the immune system to critical level, causing life-threatening infections. HIV-1 is a sub-type of HIV that causes HIV/AIDS. Most Common Opportunistic Infections to HIV/AIDS Few common opportunistic infections to HIV/AIDS are: Candidiasis This infection causes inflammation and a thick, white coating on the mucous membrane of the tongue, mouth, vagina or oesophagus. Cryptosporidiosis This infection is caused by an internal parasite, found in animals, ingested through contaminated food or water. Tuberculosis This infection is the most common opportunistic infection linked with HIV. In fact, it is the leading of cause of death among people with AIDS. Toxoplasmosis This deadly infection occurs due to a parasite, Toxoplasma Gondii, spread by infected cats. Transmission of HIV/AIDS HIV can enter the body in several ways. Signs and Symptoms of HIV/AIDS The signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS depend on different stages of HIV. Few signs and symptoms associated with the acute phase or primary phase of HIV are: The key feature of the symptoms associated with the acute phase of HIV is that they disappear within a few weeks. After the acute phase, the person feels normal. This asymptomatic phase often lasts for years. During this phase, the virus continues to multiply, infects and destroys the immune system. This stage can last up to 10 years. HIV progression to AIDS If no treatment is initiated during the first two stages of HIV, the virus can progress to cause AIDS. AIDS is the advanced stage of HIV infection. It is the stage when the body begins to lose its ability to fight infections. The signs and symptoms of the advanced stage of HIV (AIDS) depend on the opportunistic infections developed during the stage. Few of them are: There is no cure or effective vaccination for HIV. Hence, it is important to take all the measures to prevent HIV from entering into the body. Few preventive strategies are: Antacids are agents that reduce the amount of acid in the stomach. They provide… Pregnancy planning can be difficult. If someone is ready to have a child but is… It is common among athletes and bodybuilders to take dietary sports supplements…
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आज ३३ औँ विश्व एड्स दिवस ः एचआईभीको समयमा नै उपचार भए एड्स हुन पाउँदैन काठमाण्डौ,१६ मंसिर । आज ३३ औँ विश्व एड्स दिवस, बिभिन्न सचेतनामूलक कार्यक्रम गरी मनाइँदै छ । एचआईभी नियन्त्रण तथा रोकथामका लागि विश्वव्यापी ऐक्यवद्धता तथा साझा जिम्मेवारी भन्ने नारासहित आज विविध कार्यक्रम हुँदैछ । कोरोना भाइरसको महामारीका कारण एचआईभी सङ्क्रमित र एचआईभी सर्न सक्ने जोखिममा रहेका समूहलाई स्वास्थ्य सेवा पहुँचमा चुनौती बढेको छ । सुरुवा रोग विशेषज्ञ डाक्टर अनुप बाँस्तोलाका अनुसार एचआईभी एक प्रकारको भाइरस हो । एचआईभी सङ्क्रमित व्यक्ति एड्सको अवस्थामा पुग्नका लागि दशौँ वर्ष लाग्छ । समयमै पहिचान भएर उपचार भएमा एड्सको अवस्था आउँदैन । एड्स भएपछि शरीरको रोगसँग लड्ने क्षमता ह्रास भएर क्यान्सर जस्ता अवसरवादी रोग लाग्ने उहाँले बताउनुभयो । रगतको परीक्षण गरेपछि एचआईभी भए नभएकोबारे थाहा हुन्छ । विशेष गरेर असुरक्षित शारीरिक सम्पर्क गर्ने व्यक्ति, सुईमार्फत ड्रग्स लिने व्यक्तिले एचआईभीको जाँच समयमै गराउनु पर्ने डाक्टर अनुप बाँस्तोलाको भनाइ छ । एचआईभी सार्ने मुख्य कारणमध्ये नेपालमा ७६ प्रतिशत असुरक्षित शारीरिक सम्पर्कबाट नै सर्ने गरेको अनुसन्धानले देखाएको छ । त्यसैगरी, ड्रग्समा फसेका मानिसले सुई आदान–प्रदान गरेको अवस्थामा र सङ्क्रमित आमाबाट जन्मिएका २५ प्रतिशत बच्चामा एचआईभी सङ्क्रमण हुने सम्भावना हुन्छ । कहिलेकाहीँ गुणस्तरहीन किटबाट रगत परीक्षण गर्दा पनि एचआईभी हुने सम्भावना हुने डाक्टरले बताएका छन् । सरकारले एचआईभी सङ्क्रमितलगायत उनीहरुको परिवारका सदस्यलाई निःशुल्क स्वास्थ्य बीमा कार्यक्रम लागूू गरेको छ । सरकारले सन् २०१० देखि २०१९ सम्म एड्सका कारण हुने मृत्युदर ८५ प्रतिशतले घटाएको दाबी गरेको छ । यस्तै, स्वास्थ्य मन्त्रालयका अनुसार नयाँ सङ्क्रमण हुने दर ६४ प्रतिशतले घटेको छ । दिगो विकास अन्तर्गत सन् २०३० सम्ममा एड्सको महामारी अन्त्य गर्ने प्रतिवद्धताका साथ योजना बनाएर काम गरिरहेको स्वास्थ्यमन्त्री भानुभक्त ढकालको दाबी छ । एचआईभी र एड्ससम्बन्धी प्रभावकारी रोकथाम, हेरचाह, सहयोग तथा उपचार सेवाको लागि विश्वव्यापी ध्यानाकर्षण गर्दै जनचेतना जोगाउन सन् १९८८ देखि हरेक वर्ष डिसेम्बर १ तारिखमा यो दिवस मनाइन्छ ।