https___teacoffee.gov.np_teainfo_teahistory.xml
https___teacoffee.gov.np_np_teainfo_teahistory_1.xml
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TEA HISTORY Nepal has a long history of Tea cultivation, initiated with the establishment of Ilam Tea Estate in the Hills of Ilam District in 1863. However, it is believed by historians that the first Tea bushes in Nepal were grown from seeds which were given as a gift by the Chinese Emperor to the then Prime Minister and de facto ruler of Nepal, Jung Bahadur Rana. It is believed that Tea plantation in Nepal started within the same decade, when it was introduced in Darjeeling Hills of India. Mr. Gajaraj Singh Thapa is the remarkable name in Nepalese Tea history who planted Tea first time in Ilam District of Nepal. Visioning better future prospects of the Tea industry in Nepal, in 1965 a second Tea plantation, Soktim Tea Estate was set up in the plains of Jhapa district. It's the same decade when Tea plantation had also started in Darjeeling. However, the nascent Tea industry of Nepal failed to grow. At a time period when the Darjeeling Tea industry was beginning to do very well in the global mercantilist market, the Tea industry of Nepal failed to provide even for the domestic consumption. The reason for the setback of the Nepal’s young Tea industry was mainly due to political turmoil and resulting economic policies of that period, under the reign of the Rana Dynasty. After the democratic movement of 1950, floor was opened for investment in the industry. As a result, the stagnant Tea industry witnessed an inflow of public and private investment. First Tea Plantation at private Tea sector in Terai was established in 1959 and was registered with the name of Bhudhakaran Tea Estate. Nepal Tea Development Corporation was established in 1966 by Government of Nepal to aid the development of Tea industry. Originally Tea leaves produced in Nepal were sold to factories in Darjeeling. Only in 1978 first factory was set up in Ilam for the processing of Tea leaves and a few years later another factory was set up in Soktim, Jhapa district. From 1978 to the 1990s, various efforts were made by the Nepal Tea Development Corporation to encourage the participation of small and marginal farmers in the growth and production of Tea as a cash crop. Slowly, the stagnant Tea industry was evolving into a fully commercialized industry, benefitting the country’s economic and socio-economic development. To further aid in the development of its Tea industry, in 1982, Government of Nepal under the reign of the then King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, declared five districts – Jhapa, Ilam, Panchthar, Dhankuta and Terhathum as Tea Zones of Nepal. Since Nepal Tea Development Corporation was a profit-oriented organisation, for the further development of Tea industry, need of non-profit public organisation was felt. And hence National Tea and Coffee Development Board was formed by Government of Nepal in 1993.
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इतिहास नेपालमा चिया खेतीको इतिहास निकै लामो छ । वि.सं. १९२०मा तत्कालीन प्रधानमन्त्री जङ्गबहादुर राणाले चीन भ्रमणबाट फर्कँदा चिनिया जातको चियाको बीउ उपहार स्वरूप तत्कालीन चिनिया सम्राटबाट लिई नेपालमा भित्र्याएका थिए भनिन्छ। सो चियाको बीउ रोप्ने आदेश इलामका तत्कालीन बडाहाकिम तथा जङ्गबहादुरका ज्वाइँ गजराज सिंह थापालाई भएपछि वि.सं.१९२० मा इलाम चिया कमान र त्यसको दुई वर्षपछि झापाको फाँटमा सोक्तिम चिया कमानको स्थापनाबाट नेपालमा चिया खेतीको शुरूवात भएको देखिन्छ ।त्यो त्यही दसक हो, जुन बेला दार्जिलिङमा पनि चिया खेती प्रारम्भ गरिएको थियो । तर जहानिया राणा शासनको अगाडि नेपालमा शुरूवाती अवस्थामा रहेको चिया उद्योग त्यति फस्टाउन सकेन । उता दार्जिलिङतिर भने चिया खेती तथा उद्योग विस्तार एवम् विकास हुँदै गयो । वि.सं. २००७ सालको प्रजातन्त्र प्राप्तिपछि मात्र नेपालमा लगानीको वातावरण खुकुलो हुँदै गयो र यसको सकारात्मक प्रभाव चिया क्षेत्रमा पनि पर्यो।फलस्वरूप वि.सं. २०१६सालमा झापा जिल्लाको रड्गियाडाँडामा बुधकरण चिया बगानको नाममा निजी स्तरको पहिलो चिया बगान स्थापना भयो । त्यस्तै, सरकारी स्तरमा पनि वि.सं. २०२३ असोज २३ गते नेपाल चिया विकास निगमको स्थापना भयो ।शुरूवाती दिनहरूमा प्रशोधन कारखानाको अभावमा दार्जिलिङकै कारखानाहरूलाई हरियो पत्ती बेच्नु पर्ने अवस्था थियो ।यस कुरालाई ध्यानमा राखी वि.सं. २०३५ मा इलाममा र त्यसको केही वर्षपछि झापाको सोक्तिममा पहिलो पटक प्रशोधन कारखाना स्थापना गरियो । वि.सं. २०३५ देखि २०४५ को एक दसकमा नेपाल चिया विकास निगमले साना कृषकहरूलाई पनि चिया खेतीमा लाग्न धेरै प्रत्साहनका कार्यक्रमहरू गर्यो ।विस्तारै विस्तारै चिया उद्योगले गति लिँदै गयो र एउटा नाफामूलक व्यवसायको रूप लिन थाल्यो ।चिया उद्योगले राज्यको आर्थिक र सामाजिक विकासमा पुर्याएको योगदानलाई ह्रदयंगम गर्दै वि.सं. २०३९ सालमा तत्कालिन राजा वीरेन्द्र वीर विक्रम शाहदेवको शासनकालमा नेपाल सरकारले पूर्वाञ्चलका ५ वटा जिल्ला (झापा, धनकुटा, तेह्रथुम, पाँचथर र इलाम)लाई चियाक्षेत्र घोषणा गर्यो । चिया विकास निगम नाफामूलक संस्था भएकाले चिया क्षेत्रको थप विस्तार एवम् विकासका लागि सरकारी स्तरकै गैरनाफामूलक संस्थाको अवश्यकता महसुस गरियो । फलस्वरूप वि.सं.२०५० जेष्ठ २० गते राष्ट्रिय चिया तथा कफी विकास बोर्ड ऐन २०४९ मार्फत राष्ट्रिय चिया तथा कफी विकास बोर्डको स्थापना भयो ।