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Jamal Khashoggi murder: Turkey puts 20 Saudis on trial in absentia - Published Twenty Saudi nationals have gone on trial in absentia in Turkey for the murder of the journalist Jamal Khashoggi in 2018. Khashoggi, a prominent critic of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, was killed by a team of Saudi agents inside the kingdom's consulate in Istanbul. The defendants include two former aides to the prince, who denies involvement. Saudi Arabia, which rejected Turkey's extradition request, convicted eight people over the murder last year. Five were sentenced to death for directly participating in the killing, while three others were handed prison sentences for covering up the crime. The Saudi trial was dismissed as "the antithesis of justice" by a UN Special Rapporteur Agnes Callamard, who concluded that Khashoggi was "the victim of a deliberate, premeditated execution" for which the Saudi state was responsible. What happened at the trial? Khashoggi's Turkish fiancée, Hatice Cengiz, was one of those who testified at the opening session. She later told journalists gathered outside the courtroom that she found the process spiritually and psychologically debilitating. Ms Cengiz expressed confidence in the Turkish judicial system and declared: "Our search for justice will continue in Turkey as well as in everywhere we can." Another witness who gave evidence was Zeki Demir, a Turkish citizen who worked as a handyman at the Saudi consulate. Mr Demir told the court that he was called to the consul general's residence on the day Khashoggi disappeared and asked to light an oven used for barbecues. "There were five to six people there," he said. "There was an air of panic... It was as if they wanted me to leave as soon as possible." Mr Demir added that he returned to the residence a few days later and noticed how the marble around the oven had been bleached. Jamal’s murder trial started today in Istanbul, I appeared in court to testify, but the 20 Saudi suspects did not. I hope this trial will reveal the truth on where is Jamal’s body and who was behind the murder. I will not stop until we get #justiceforjamal #JamalKhashoggi pic.twitter.com/OmZXNg8c4F— Hatice Cengiz / خديجة (@mercan_resifi) July 3, 2020 Ms Callamard, the UN Special Rapporteur who was also at the hearing, said: "We have not moved the killing of Jamal Khashoggi into a formal setting that the international community can recognise, because the trial in Saudi Arabia could not be given credibility and legitimacy." "Here for the first time, we have the hitmen being indicted and we have a number of those have commissioned the crime," she added. The next hearing will take place on 24 November. On the surface of it, this may appear to some to be a largely pointless exercise for purely political ends. None of the Saudi suspects are in court; none are ever likely to be extradited to Turkey to face justice; and Saudi Arabia has already held its own trial, in secret, last year, which was widely condemned as incomplete. But for the UN special rapporteur, for the murdered journalist's fiancée, and for his friends and relatives, this is a chance to get all the facts out into the open. After all, it was the Turkish intelligence service that bugged the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, where the murder took place, so Turkey possesses the vital audio tape of the journalist's last minutes before he was overpowered and killed. There are, of course, political points to score here, too: Turkey and Saudi Arabia are regional rivals. But those attending the trial's opening believe it presents a fresh chance at revealing new and possibly damning evidence. How did Jamal Khashoggi die? The 59-year-old journalist, who went into self-imposed exile in the US in 2017, was last seen entering the Saudi consulate on 2 October 2018 to obtain papers he needed to marry Ms Cengiz. After listening to purported audio recordings of conversations inside the consulate made by Turkish intelligence, Ms Callamard concluded that Khashoggi was "brutally slain" that day. The Saudi government said the journalist was killed in a "rogue operation" by a team of agents. Saudi Arabia's public prosecution said the murder was ordered by the head of a "negotiations team" sent to Istanbul to bring Khashoggi back to the kingdom "by means of persuasion" or, if that failed, "by force". The public prosecution concluded that Khashoggi was forcibly restrained after a struggle and injected with a large amount of a drug, resulting in an overdose that led to his death. His body was then dismembered and handed over to a local "collaborator" outside the consulate. The remains were never found. Turkey's public prosecution concluded that Khashoggi was suffocated almost as soon as he entered the consulate, and that his body was destroyed. Who are the defendants? Turkey's state-run Anadolu news agency cited the indictment filed by Turkish prosecutors as accusing Saud al-Qahtani, a former senior adviser to Crown Prince Mohammed, and Ahmad Asiri, Saudi Arabia's former deputy intelligence chief, of "instigating a premeditated murder with the intent of [causing] torment through fiendish instinct". The 18 other defendants are charged with carrying out "a premeditated murder with the intent of [causing] torment through fiendish instincts". Court-appointed Turkish lawyers representing the defendants said their clients denied the charges. The eight individuals who were convicted of Khashoggi's murder in Saudi Arabia have never been identified by the Saudi authorities. According to interviews conducted by Ms Callamard, their lawyers argued at the Saudi trial that they were state employees and could not object to the orders of their superiors, and that Mr Asiri insisted that he never authorised the use of force to bring Khashoggi back to Saudi Arabia. The Saudi public prosecution said Mr Asiri was tried but acquitted due to insufficient evidence, and that Saud al-Qahtani was investigated but not charged. Khashoggi's son Salah, who lives in Saudi Arabia, said in May that he and his brothers were "pardoning those who killed our father, seeking reward from God almighty". That effectively granted them a formal reprieve under Saudi law.
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‘खशोग्जीको हत्या गर्ने आदेश उच्च तहबाटै’ टर्कीका राष्ट्रपति रेजेप तय्यीप एर्दोआनले पत्रकार जमाल खशोग्जीको हत्याका लागि पहिलो पटक प्रत्यक्ष रूपमा साउदी सरकारमाथि आरोप लगाएका छन्। अमेरिकी पत्रिका द वाशिङटन पोस्टमा एउटा लेख लेख्दै उनले भनेका छन्, "हामीलाई थाहा छ खशोग्जीको हत्या गर्ने आदेश साउदी सरकारको उच्च तहबाटै आएको हो।" तर साउदी अरेबियासँगको टर्कीको 'मित्रवत्' सम्बन्धमा जोड दिँदै एर्दोआनले खशोग्जीको हत्यामा राजा सलमानको संलग्नता रहेको कुरामा भने आफ्नो विश्वास नरहेको बताएका छन्। टर्कीका अनुसन्धानकर्ताहरूको विश्वास छ, निर्वासित पत्रकार खशोग्जी इस्तानबुलस्थित साउदी वाणिज्य दूतावास गएका बेला घाँटी अठ्याएर उनको हत्या गरिएको हुनुपर्छ। ढाकछोप टर्कीकी महिलासँग बिहेका लागि आवश्यक कागजातहरू लिन खशोग्जी वाणिज्य दूतावास गएका थिए। गत अक्टोबर २ मा वाणिज्य दूतावास गएका खशोग्जी बेपत्ता भएका थिए। उनको शव अहिलेसम्म भेटिएको छैन र टर्कीका राष्ट्रपतिका एक सहयोगीका अनुसार शव टुक्रा-टुक्रा पारी त्यसलाई एसिडमा गलाइएको हुन सक्छ। शुरूमा साउदी अरेबियाले ढाकछोप गर्न खोजेको खशोग्जी हत्या प्रकरणले रियाद र उसका साझेदार मुलुकबीच एउटा कूटनीतिक सङ्कट निम्त्यायो। त्यसपछि उसले सन्दिग्ध १८ जनालाई पक्राउ गरेको छ र साउदी अरेबियामै उनीहरूमाथि मुद्दा चलाइने बताएको छ। तर आफ्नो भूमिमा हत्या भएकोले मुद्दा चलाउनका निम्ति टर्कीले उनीहरूको सुपुर्दगीको माग गरिरहेको छ। के भने एर्दोआनले? खशोग्जीले स्तम्भ लेख्ने गरेको वाशिङटन पोस्टमै लेख लेख्दै एर्दोआनले भनेका छन्, "हामीलाई थाहा छ साउदी अरेबियामा पक्राउ परेका १८ सन्दिग्धमध्ये नै दोषी छन्।" "हामीलाई यो पनि थाहा छ कि उनीहरू 'खशोग्जीलाई मारेर फर्क' भन्ने आदेश पालना गर्न टर्की आएका थिए। अन्ततः हामीलाई थाहा भयो कि खशोग्जीको हत्याको आदेश साउदी सरकारको उच्च तहबाटै आएको हो।" हत्यामा 'सुरक्षा अधिकारीहरूको एउटा समूहभन्दा थुप्रैको संलग्नता रहेको' भन्दै एर्दोआनले 'खशोग्जी हत्या प्रकरणका नाइके'लाई पर्दाफाश गरिनुपर्ने बताएका छन्। उनले अगाडि लेखेका छन्, "नेटोको एउटा साझेदार मुलुकको भूमिमा फेरि पनि यस्तो कृत्य गर्न कसैले दुस्साहस गर्नुहुँदैन। यदि यो चेतावनीलाई कसैले बेवास्ता गर्छ भने कठोर परिणाम भोग्नुपर्ने हुन्छ।" को थिए जमाल खशोग्जी? उनी एक चर्चित पत्रकार थिए, जसले अफगानिस्तानमा सोभियत संघको अतिक्रमणदेखि ओसामा बिन लादेनको उदयसम्मका विषयमा कैयौँ साउदी समाचार संस्थाका लागि समाचार लेखे। दशकौँसम्म उनी साउदी राजपरिवारको निकट रहे र सरकारको सल्लाहकारका रूपमा पनि उनले काम गरे। तर पछि उनले राजपरिवारको विश्वास गुमाए र गत वर्ष उनी अमेरिकामा निर्वासनमा गए। त्यहाँबाट उनले अमेरिकी पत्रिका द वाशिङ्टन पोस्टका लागि मासिक स्तम्भ लेख्न थाले, जसमा उनले साउदी युवराज मोहम्मद बिन सलमानका नीतिहरूको आलोचना गरे। आफ्नो पहिलो स्तम्भमा खशोग्जीले विरोधी स्वरमाथि दमन गर्न लागेका युवराज मोहम्मदले गिरफ्तार गराउन सक्ने आशङ्का व्यक्त गरेका थिए। बेपत्ता हुनु तीन दिनघि बीबीसीको न्यूजआवर कार्यक्रममा उनले भनेका थिए, "विरोधी हुँदैमा मानिसहरू गिरफ्तार भइरहेका छैनन्, स्वतन्त्र विचार राख्नेहरू पनि गिरफ्तार गरिँदैछन्।"