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The top number is the measure of pressure when the heart contracts and pushes blood through the arteries. The bottom number is the measure of pressure when your heart relaxes between beats. Houston Methodist’s Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness Program provides preventive cardiology services, including high blood pressure management. Our team can help you understand what healthy lifestyle practices and personalized medications can help lower and control your blood pressure. If you have a blood pressure reading higher than 180 in the top number or above 120 in the bottom number, you may have a hypertensive crisis, which is a medical emergency. Such high blood pressure can damage the blood vessels and can lead to a stroke. Hypertension is diagnosed if, measured on two different days, systolic blood pressure readings on both days are ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure readings on both days are ≥90 mmHg. High blood pressure, or hypertension, hoge bloeddruk verlagen is a major health problem that is common in older adults. Your body’s network of blood vessels, known as the vascular system, changes with age. The arteries become stiffer, causing blood pressure to rise. Your healthcare provider will want to see several blood pressure readings for several days or weeks before diagnosing high blood pressure and starting treatment. Ask your provider when to call if your blood pressure readings aren’t within the normal range. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries. The force is made with each heartbeat as blood is pumped from the heart into the blood vessels. Blood pressure is also affected by the size of the arterial walls and their elasticity. A calcium channel blocker lowers blood pressure with the same medications that work well with a diuretic. Other combinations of medications are needed when taking three or more blood pressure medications. There may be other reasons why your doctor may prescribe two blood pressure medications. For example, after heart attacks, doctors will prescribe a beta-blocker and an ACE inhibitor, but this is not primarily to lower blood pressure. A high blood pressure measurement is not enough for a diagnosis of hypertension. Your doctor may also prescribe medications to keep you at a safer level. There are many types of medications available that work in different ways to lower blood pressure. Without treatment or taking steps to control blood pressure, excessive pressure on the walls of the arteries can cause damage to blood vessels, a form of cardiovascular disease. Experts recommend reducing salt intake and increasing potassium intake to control or prevent high blood pressure. Limiting salt intake to less than 5-6 grams per day may help improve cardiovascular health and lower systolic blood pressure by 5.6 mm Hg in people with hypertension. The author suggests that there are lower rates of awareness, treatment and management of high blood pressure in people aged 20 to 39 years. With this in mind, they call for a more effective identification of high blood pressure in these age groups to help reduce the risk of cardiovascular problems later in life. Hypertension can increase a person’s risk of developing a variety of heart-related conditions, such as heart disease, heart attacks and strokes. The good news is that in many cases of hypertension lifestyle changes can be powerful tools to control or even reverse your diagnosis. These changes include incorporating more nutritious fruits and vegetables into your diet, getting more physical activity, limiting your sodium intake, and limiting your alcohol intake. If you live with obesity, maintaining moderate weight with a heart-healthy diet and increased physical activity can help lower your blood pressure. Your doctor may work with you to find a blood pressure goal that is best for your well-being and may suggest exercise, dietary changes, and medications. For older adults, the first number is often 130 or more, but the second number is less than 80. This problem is called isolated systolic hypertension and is due to age-related stiffness of the main arteries. It can lead to serious health complications and increase the risk of heart disease, stroke and sometimes death. Hypertension makes arteries harder, tighter and less elastic. All of these medications lower blood pressure by about the same amount on average, but some people have better results with one drug than another. These medications have different costs and different possible side effects. If you have diabetes or kidney disease, an ACE inhibitor or ARA is usually recommended first. Treatment for hypertension includes both prescription medications and healthy lifestyle changes. If left untreated, the condition can lead to health problems, such as heart attack and stroke. The higher your blood pressure, the greater the risk of other health problems, such as heart disease, heart attacks and strokes. Many types of blood pressure medications work best when taken together. By taking two medications together, diuretics have been shown to lower blood pressure with a beta-blocker, an ACE inhibitor, and an ARA. Although high blood pressure is more common in adults, children may also be at risk. In some children, high blood pressure is caused by problems with the kidneys or heart. But for a growing number of children, poor lifestyle habits, such as an unhealthy diet and lack of exercise, contribute to high blood pressure. High blood pressure is a common condition in which the long-term strength of blood against the walls of the arteries is high enough that it can eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease. If your blood pressure is within the normal range, you don’t need a medical intervention; however, you need to maintain a healthy lifestyle and a healthy weight to prevent hypertension from developing.
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कुनै समयमा आक्कलझुक्कल देखिने ब्लडप्रेसर उच्च रक्तचापको समस्या अहिले धेरैको साझा भएको छ । २० देखि ३० बर्षका जवानमा पनि यो समस्याको लागि नियमित औषधि सेवन गर्नुपर्ने अवस्था देखिएको छ । ब्लडप्रेसरका कारण मध्ये करिब २ देखि ३ प्रतिशतको मात्रै कारण प्रष्ट देखिएको छ । बाँकी ९७ प्रतिशतको कारण पत्ता लागेको छैन । बदलिँदो जीवन शैलीसंगै मानिसहरु विलासी भएका छन् । मीठो–मीठो मात्र खानुपर्ने, मांसाहारी खानामै जोड दिने, रक्सी, सूर्ती आदि नशाको सेवन गर्नुपर्ने, ज्यादातर समय मानसिक तनावमा रहनुपर्ने वाध्यता, शारिरिक व्यायामको कमी आदिले पनि ब्लडप्रेसरको समस्या थपिदै गएको देखिन्छ। फलस्वरुप ह्दयाघात, प्यारालाइसिस, मस्तिष्कघात, मिर्गौलामा तथा आंखामा क्षति आदि ह्वात्तै बढेको पाइएको छ । ब्लडप्रेसर सुन्दा सामान्य लागेपनि यसले गर्ने भयानक असरहरुबारे मानिसहरुमा पर्याप्त जानकारी नभएकोले होला, खासै महत्व दिएको पाइदैन। जसले ब्लडप्रेसरले गर्ने दुर्घटना प्रत्यक्ष देखेका हुन्छन्, भोगेका हुन्छन् । उनीहरुले मात्रै ब्लडप्रेसर यस्तो रहेछ भनेर आत्मसात गरेका हुन्छन्। ब्लडप्रेसर सम्बन्धि प्रशस्त भ्रम छन् । यसको औषधी खायो भने यस्तो हुन्छ रे, जिन्दगीभरि खानुपर्छ रे, साइड इफेक्ट गर्छ रे भन्ने धेरै किसिमका भनाइहरु सुनिन्छन्, तर औषधी नखाई सधैं हाइ ब्लडप्रेसर लिएर हिंड्दा के के खतरा हुन्छ भन्ने कसैले विचार गरेको देखिंदैन। उच्च रक्तचाप भए, नभएको थाहा पाउने एउटै मात्र उपाय रक्तचाप नाप्ने हो । रक्तचाप बढेको कुरा नापेर मात्र थाहा हुन्छ, लक्षणमा भर पर्नु हुँदैन । किनकि उच्च रक्तचापको कुनै पनि लक्षण नहुन सक्छ । ३० वर्ष उमेर काटिसकेका स्वस्थ व्यक्तिले कम्तिमा वर्षको १ पल्ट रक्तचाप नाप्नु आवश्यक हुन्छ । टाउको दुख्ने, चक्कर लाग्ने, छाती दुख्ने, दम फुल्ने, नाकबाट रगत आउने आदि भएमा तुरुन्त रक्तचाप जँचाउनु पर्छ । उच्च रक्तचाप उत्पन्न गराउने कारक तत्वहरुको जोखिममा रहेका व्यक्तिहरुले नियमित रुपमा कम्तिमा ३ महिनामा १ पल्ट रक्तचाप जँचाउनु आवश्यक हुन्छ । उच्च रक्तचापको जोखिममा को पर्न सक्छ ? १.शारीरिक तौल आवश्यक भन्दा बढी भएका २.गर्भवती महिला ३.गर्भनिरोधक परिवार नियोजनका चक्की प्रयोग गर्दै गरेका महिला ४.धुम्रपान गर्ने व्यक्ति ५.उच्च रक्त कोलेस्टेरोल भएका व्यक्ति ६.अत्यधिक मदिरा सेवन गर्ने व्यक्ति उच्च रक्तचाप भएकाले जान्नैपर्ने १० कुरा १. रक्तचाप नियन्त्रण नभएको मानिसले रक्सी सेवन गरेमा मष्तिस्कघात हुने सम्भावना बढी हुन्छ । २. मधुमेह भएका मानिसमा उच्च रक्तचाप भएमा मुटु र मिर्गौला रोग चाँडो देखिन्छ । ३. उच्च रक्तचाप देखिने बित्तिकै औषधि सुरु गर्नु हुँदैन । तर असर देखिएमा डाक्टरको सल्लाहअनुसार औषधि सुरु गर्नुपर्छ । ४. औषधि आफूखुसी छाड्नु हुँदैन । बीचमै छाड्दा मष्तिस्कघात र हृदयघात हुने सम्भावना बढी हुन्छ । ५. मुटुरोग विशेषज्ञको सल्लाह बिना औषधि सेवन गर्नुहुँदैन । ६. जीवनशैली परिवर्तन पछि रक्तचाप नियन्त्रणमा आएमा विशेषज्ञको निगरानीमा औषधि बन्द गर्न सकिन्छ । ७. उच्च रक्तचाप भएका महिलाले परिवार नियोजनको अस्थायी साधनमा हर्मोनल विधिको विकल्प खोज्नु पर्छ । ८. गर्भवति महिलालाई उच्च रक्तचाप देखिएमा विशेषज्ञको सल्लाह लिनुपर्छ । ९. २० वर्षभन्दा कम उमेरमा देखिने उच्च रक्तचापलाई सेकेन्ड्री हाइपरटेन्सन भनिन्छ । यसमा उच्च रक्तचाप हुने कारण खोजेर उपचार गरिन्छ । १०. पोटासियम बढी भएको खानेकुराले रक्तचाप घटाउछ । सुन्तला, कागती, मौसम, केरा र ताजा फलपूmलमा पनि पोटासियम बढी पाइन्छ । २०७४ फागुन २७ गते प्रकाशित वि.सं.२०७४ फागुन २७ आइतवार ११:०१ मा प्रकाशित