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Ивон Гулагонг Ивон Фей Гулагонг Коули (на английски: Evonne Fay Goolagong Cawley) е австралийска тенисистка, водач в световната ранглиста по тенис за жени в продължение на две седмици. Печели 14 титли в турнирите от големия шлем, от които седем на сингъл, шест на двойки и една на смесени двойки. Четири пъти е победителка на Откритото първенство на Австралия, два пъти на Уимбълдън и веднъж на Ролан Гарос. През 1988 г. е включена в Международната тенис зала на славата. Съдържание - 1 Биография - 2 № 1 в световната ранглиста по тенис - 3 Успехи - 4 Външни препратки Биография[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Ивон Гулагонг е родена в многодетно семество на аборигените вираджери от Нов Южен Уелс. Прекарва детството си в градчето Барелан. Баща ѝ Кени Гулагонг е пътуващ стригач на овце. Въпреки разпространената дискриминация спрямо аборигените в селските райони на Австралия по това време, още като дете Ивон получава шанса да играе тенис в Барелан, благодарение на местен жител, който я вижда как се взира през оградата на игрището и я насърчава да играе. През 1967 г. потенциала ѝ е забелязан от собственикът на тенис школа Вик Едуардс. Той убеждава родителите на Ивон да ѝ позволят да се премести в Сидни. Завършва училище през 1968 г. и същевременно живее в семейството на Едуардс и тренира под негово ръководство. Омъжва се през 1975 г. за британския тенисист Роджър Коули и променя фамилията си. № 1 в световната ранглиста по тенис[редактиране | редактиране на кода] През декември 2007 г. е открита грешка в пресмятането на точките в ранглистата на WTA от 1976 г. След като е направено преизчисление се установява, че Ивон Гулагонг е била номер едно две седмици — от 26 април до 9 май 1976 г., когато е имала повече събрани точки от Крис Евърт. Успехи[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Титли на сингъл в турнири от Големия шлем (7)[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Загубени финали на сингъл в турнири от Големия шлем (11)[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Титли на двойки в турнири от Големия шлем (6)[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Титли на смесени двойки в турнири от Големия шлем (1)[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Загубени финали на смесени двойки в турнири от Големия шлем (1)[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Външни препратки[редактиране | редактиране на кода] - ((en)) Профил в ITF - ((en)) Профил в WTA - ((en)) Списък с участия за Фед Къп - ((en)) International Tennis Hall of Fame Профил
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Evonne Goolagong Cawley Evonne Goolagong Cawley, AO, MBE (born 31 July 1951) is an Australian former World No. 1 female tennis player. She was one of the world's leading players in the 1970s and early 1980s, when she won 14 Grand Slam titles: seven in singles (four Australian Open, two Wimbledon and one French Open), six in women's doubles, and one in mixed doubles. Her career win-loss percentage was 81.01% (704–165). Her win-loss performance in all Grand Slam singles tournaments was 82.09% (133–29), at the French Open, 84.21% (16–3), at Wimbledon, 83.33% (50–10), at the US Open, 81.25% (26–6), and at the Australian Open, 80.39% (41–10). Contents Early life[edit] Born Evonne Fay Goolagong, she is the third of eight children[1] from an Australian Aboriginal family. Her parents, Kenny Goolagong (an itinerant sheep shearer) and Melinda, are members of the Wiradjuri people. She was born in Griffith, New South Wales, and grew up in the small country town of Barellan. Although Aboriginal people faced widespread discrimination in rural Australia at this time, Goolagong was able to play tennis in Barellan from childhood thanks to a kindly resident, Bill Kurtzman, who saw her peering through the fence at the local courts and encouraged her to come in and play.[citation needed] In 1965, Vic Edwards, the proprietor of a tennis school in Sydney, was tipped off by two of his assistants and travelled to Barellan to take a look at the young Goolagong and immediately saw her potential. He persuaded Goolagong's parents to allow her to move to Sydney, where she attended Willoughby Girls High School. Here, she completed her School Certificate in 1968 and was at the same time coached by Edwards, and lived in his household. Grand Slam success[edit] Goolagong won seven Grand Slam singles titles in her career, reaching a total of eighteen Grand Slam singles finals. During the 1970s, she played in seventeen Grand Slam singles finals, a period record for any player; man or woman. Between 1973 and 1978, she reached the final of almost every Grand Slam singles event she entered. There was only one exception, Wimbledon, where she played in only two finals in that period, 1975 and 1976, losing both; she lost in 1973 to eventual champion Billie-Jean King in the semi-finals, in 1974 to Australian Kerry Melville at the quarter-final stage, and in 1978 to eventual champion Martina Navratilova in the semi-finals; she did not enter in 1977, the year her daughter was born. Also in 1974, Goolagong teamed up with Peggy Michel to win the Ladies' Doubles title. She has won the Women's Doubles Title at the Australian Open 5 times, and the French open once, as well as mixed doubles at the French Open once. She is the only mother to have won the Wimbledon title since before World War I. Married to Roger Cawley in 1975, she had a daughter in 1977. She won the 1980 Wimbledon title. Goolagong reached four consecutive U.S. Open finals, but lost them all. She is the only player in the open era of the event to have lost four consecutive finals, and the only woman to do so in U.S. championships history.[2] Goolagong made seven consecutive finals at the Australian Open, winning four titles in a row, both records for the open era, although she did not compete in the January 1977 event. Despite reaching the final at her first two appearances in 1971 and 1972, after 1973 Goolagong did not compete at the French Open championships for a decade. She returned in 1983 for her final Grand Slam singles appearance. She lost in the last thirty-two to Chris Evert and did not compete in any further Grand Slam singles events. Her last appearance at Grand Slam level came at the following 1983 Wimbledon Championship when she partnered Sue Barker to a first round defeat in the doubles, having withdrawn from the singles event earlier. The National Museum of Australia holds the Evonne Goolagong Cawley collection of memorabilia. This includes Evonne's 1971 and 1980 Wimbledon singles trophies, the trophy from her 1974 doubles win, and two racquets used in these tournaments. The museum's collection also includes a signed warm-up jacket, and a dress with a bolero style top, designed by Ted Tinling in the early 1970s.[3] Goolagong was ranked number one in the world for two weeks in 1976, though it was not reported at the time because incomplete data were used to calculate the rankings. This was discovered in December 2007, 31 years later. She was the 16th woman to hold the top spot.[4] Life after touring[edit] Goolagong spent some time as the touring professional at the Hilton Head Racquet Club in South Carolina before returning to Australia.[5] Goolagong was a member of the Board of the Australian Sports Commission from 1995 to 1997 and since 1997 has held the position of Sports Ambassador to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Communities. Goolagong was appointed captain of the Australian Fed Cup team in 2002. In 2003, she was winner for the Oceania region of the International Olympic Committee's 2003 Women and Sports Trophy. She also runs an annual "Goolagong National Development Camp", with the aim of facilitating Aboriginal children playing competitive tennis.[6] Awards and recognition[edit] Goolagong was awarded Australian of the Year in 1971.[7] Goolagong was appointed an MBE in 1972 and made an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in 1982. She was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 1985.[8] In 1988, Goolagong was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame. In 1972, she played in a segregated South African tournament. To spare her the discrimination experienced by non-whites, the South African authorities classified her as an honorary white.[9] The Evonne Goolagong Cawley trophy, awarded to the female champion at the Brisbane International, is named in her honour.[10] 2014 Brisbane City Council corrects oversight and Plaques Rebound Wall named in honour of Evonne Goolagong Cawley in the mid 1990s see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjeZZEUmptU Personal life[edit] Goolagong married British tennis player Roger Cawley on 19 June 1975.[11] Following her wedding, Goolagong settled in Naples, Florida. After living in the U.S. for eight years, the couple bought a home at Noosa Heads, Queensland, where they settled with their two children. Daughter Kelly[12] helps run her tennis camps, and son Morgan Kiema Cawley (born 1981)[13] was a National Soccer League player. Biography[edit] - Home! The Evonne Goolagong Story, Cawley, Evonne Goolagong and Jarrett, Phil (1993), ISBN 0-7318-0381-7[14] Career statistics[edit] Records[edit] - These records were attained in the Open Era of tennis. - Records in bold indicate peer-less achievements. Footnotes[edit] - a The Australian Open was held twice in 1977, in January and December. Goolagong did not play in the January edition but made the final in the December tournament. See also[edit] - List of female tennis players - Performance timelines for all female tennis players who reached at least one Grand Slam final References[edit] - ^ Goolagong discusses aborigine roots, The Day, 1 November 1980. - ^ Past Champions – Grand Slam Tennis - ^ Evonne Goolagong Cawley tennis collection, National Museum of Australia - ^ Computer glitch denied Goolagong No. 1 WTA ranking in '76, Associated Press, ESPN Sports, 31 December 2007. - ^ Tennis.com: Where Are They Now? – Evonne Goolagong Cawley - ^ Grand Slam champ Evonne Goolagong uses camp to search for next aboriginal player or coach, 13 January, 2008, by Dennis Passa, AP Sports Writer, USA Today. - ^ Lewis, Wendy (2010). Australians of the Year. Pier 9 Press. - ^ "Evonne Cawley AO MBE". Sport Australia Hall of Fame. Retrieved 5 September 2013. - ^ Evonne Goolagong – The Goolagong Impact - ^ Brisbane International women's trophy named in honour of Evonne Goolagong Cawley, Courier Mail, 23 December 2011 - ^ People in Sports; Evonne Goolagong Married, 20 June 1975, p. 14, The New York Times. - ^ Evonne Gives Birth to Daughter, Page 3 °F (−16 °C), Sarasota Herald-Tribune, 13 May 1977. - ^ John Roberts, "Where Are they Now?" Evonne Goolagong, The Independent, 20 April 1993. - ^ Evonne Goolagong, Tennis Champion – 05.25.1998 – SI Vault .. ..whose '93 autobiography, Home! The Evonne Goolagong Story, was an Australian bestseller. External links[edit] - Evonne Goolagong Cawley at the Women's Tennis Association - Evonne Goolagong Cawley at the International Tennis Hall of Fame - Evonne Goolagong Cawley at the International Tennis Federation - Evonne Goolagong Cawley at the Fed Cup - 1951 births - Living people - Indigenous Australian tennis players - Australian female tennis players - Australian Open (tennis) champions - Australian Open (tennis) junior champions - French Open champions - International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees - Sport Australia Hall of Fame inductees - Tennis people from New South Wales - People from Griffith, New South Wales - Wimbledon champions - World No. 1 tennis players - Wiradjuri - Australian Living Treasures - Grand Slam (tennis) champions in women's singles - Grand Slam (tennis) champions in women's doubles - Grand Slam (tennis) champions in mixed doubles - Grand Slam (tennis) champions in girls' singles