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Издигане на знамето на Иво Джима „Издигане на знамето на Иво Джима“ (на английски: Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima) е историческа фотография, станала символ на американската победа в битката за Иво Джима по време на Втората световна война. Държавният флаг на САЩ издигнат на връх „Сурибачи“ на 23 февруари 1945 г. Известната снимка е направена от Джон Розентал. Съдържание Знаме над Иво Джима[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Битка за остров Иво Джима[редактиране | редактиране на кода] От 19 февруари до 26 март 1945 г. армията на САЩ води боеве за японския остров Иво Джима от архипелага Огасавара. В дейстията участват Морската пехота , ВМФ и ВВС. Командир е генерал-лейтенант Холанд Смит. Издигане на знамето[редактиране | редактиране на кода] На 23 февруари след ожесточени боеве е превзет ключовия връх „Сурибачи“. Острова е първата превзета японска земя. Издигнат е малък американски държавен флаг в чест на победата. Американското командване решава да го замени с по-голям. Издигнат е от пет морски пехотинци и един санитар от медицинския корпус на флота: Айра Хейс, Майк Странк, Рени Гагнон, Харлън Блок, Франклин Съзли и Джон Брадли. Фотографът Джон Розентал снима момента на издигането. Тази фотография обикаля световната преса и с нея автора печели наградата Пулицър. В следващите битки трима от издигналите знамето на победата са убити: Майк Странк, Харлън Блок и Франклин Съзли. В памет на събитието Клинт Истууд създава през 2006 г. филмите „Писма от Иво Джима“ и „Знамената на нашите бащи“. Източници[редактиране | редактиране на кода] Външна препратка[редактиране | редактиране на кода] - http://www.iwojima.com/raising/raisingb.htm, Знаме над Иво Джима
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Ernest Ivy Thomas, Jr. Ernest Ivy "Boots" Thomas, Jr. (March 10, 1924 – March 3, 1945) was a United States Marine Corps platoon sergeant who was killed in action on March 3, 1945 during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II. He was one of the Marines who raised the first American flag on Mount Suribachi, on February 23, 1945.[1] Thomas was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for extraordinary heroism at Mount Suribach on February 21, 1945. Contents Early life[edit] Ernest Thomas was born in Tampa, Florida, the son of Ernest and Martha Thomas. When he was a child, his family moved to Monticello, Florida.[2] He graduated from high school in Monticello and was attending Tri-State University in Angola, Indiana, studying aeronautical engineering, when he decided to enlist in the Marine Corps at Orlando, Florida.[3] Being color blind, in order to pass the medical test allowing him to enlist, he memorized the patterns provided by a man sitting next to him in the testing station.[4] World War II[edit] U.S. Marine Corps[edit] Thomas enlisted in the Marine Corps on May 27, 1942. He completed "boot" camp at Parris Island, South Carolina and remained there as an instructor. Afterwards, he was an instructor at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. In March 1944, he was assigned to E Company, 2nd Battalion, 28th Marine Regiment, 5th Marine Division at Camp Pendleton, CA. In September, his company was sent to Camp Tarawa in Hawaii to train with the 5th division for the Battle of Iwo Jima. In January 1945, the 5th division left for Iwo Jima. Raising the flag on Iwo Jima[edit] On February 19, 1945, Sgt. Thomas, a rifle company platoon sergeant with E Company, 2nd Battalion, 28th Marines, landed with the first wave of Marines on Iwo Jima. On February 21, Thomas took over the 3rd Platoon, Company E, from his platoon commander who was wounded. Thomas and his men successfully assaulted a heavily fortified hostile sector at the base of Mount Suribachi which contributed to the eventual capture of Mount Suribachi on February 23. Thomas directed tank fire while under fire during assaults, and combined with other actions that day, he earned for himself the Navy Cross.[5]On February 23, 1st Lt. Harold Schrier (Navy Cross) led a 40-man combat patrol (mostly from 3rd Platoon, Company E) up Mount Suribachi to attack and capture the summit and raise an American flag. Thomas, Schrier's platoon sergeant on the patrol, was one of the Marines who found a section of Japanese water pipe on the summit that became the flagpole for the first American flag and flagstaff that was raised on Mount Suribachi at 10:20-10:35 a.m.[6] On February 25, Thomas reported aboard the flagship USS Eldorado for a press interview about the flag-raising and said that Lt. Schrier, Sgt. Henry Hansen, and he, had actually raised the flag. On March 3, Thomas was killed by enemy rifle fire on the north end of Iwo Jima, opposite where Mount Suribachi is located on the island. Thomas was awarded the Navy Cross (for February 21 action) and the Purple Heart Medal posthumously. Burial on Iwo Jima[edit] Thomas was buried on Iwo Jima. In 1948, his body was returned to Monticello from Iwo Jima. He was buried at Roseland Cemetery in Jefferson County, Florida.[7] Military awards[edit] Thomas's U.S. military decorations and awards: - Navy Cross - Purple Heart Medal - Combat Action Ribbon - Presidential Unit Citation - American Campaign Medal - Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with 3⁄16 bronze star - World War II Victory Medal [edit] Other honors[edit] A monument on U.S. Highway 90, Monticello, Florida, honors Thomas. It is inscribed with the following words:[2] Portrayal in film[edit] In the 2006 film Flags of Our Fathers, Thomas was played by American actor Brian Kimmet. See also[edit] Notes[edit] - ^ On February 23, 1945, the American flag was raised twice on Mount Suribachi. The smaller first flag was raised in the morning and captured on film by U.S. Marine photographer Staff Sergeant Louis R. Lowery. The iconic second flag raising occurred around noon and was captured on film by Associated Press photographer Joe Rosenthal. See Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima. - ^ a b "Boots Thomas", Jefferson County. - ^ "TSU Remembers Thomas". Thunderbolt TSU Alumni Newsletter. April–May 2005. - ^ Snowden, 2005 - ^ Bradley, J. Powers, R. Flags of Our Fathers: Heroes of Iwo Jima. - ^ "Boots Thomas, Jr.", FindAGrave. References[edit] - "Boots Thomas and Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima". History and Culture. Jefferson County, Florida. - Snowden, LtGen. Larry (February 23, 2005). (Speech). Commemoration of the 60th Anniversary of the Battle of Iwo Jima, Marines Memorial Club and Hotel, San Francisco, California http://www.marineclub.com/Events/SpeechTranscripts/Transcripts.asp?speech=GenSnowdenSpeech. Missing or empty |title=(help). - Marling, Karal Ann Marling and John Wetenhall (1991). Iwo Jima: Monuments, Memories, and the American Hero. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. - "Navy Cross Awards to members of the U.S. Marines in World War II". HomeofHeroes.com. Archived from the original on 2006-08-28. - "Boots Thomas Jr.". FindAGrave.com.