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Инокентий VI Инокентий VI (1282 или 1295 - 12 септември 1362) е римски папа от 18 декември 1352 до смъртта си. [редактиране] Биография Инокентий VI е роден със светското име Етиен Обер (на френски: Etienne Aubert)в селцето Ле Монт, департамент Лимож. Професор по гражданско право в Тулуза, през 1338 става епископ на Нойон, а през 1340 е ръкоположен за епископ на Клермон. През 1342 г. Етиен е ръкоположен за кардинал. На 18 декември 1352 г. Етиен е избран за римски папа, приемник на починалия Климент VI, и приема името Инокентий VI. Политиката на Инокентий VI следва църковно-политическата линия на предходните авинионски папи - той въвежда важни и необходими реформи в църковната администрация и търси възможност за връщането на папския престол в Рим. През 1355 г. дава благословията свещеният римски император Карл IV да бъде коронован с импеаторска корона в Рим, след като го принуждава да се закълне да напусне града след коронацията. Огромни са усилията, които Инокентий VI полага за сключването на мир между Франция и Англия през 1360 г. По негово време византийският император Йоан V Палеолог предлага да подчини гръцката църква на Римския престол при условие, че папата го подкрепи срещу претендента за короната Йоан Кантакузин. Умира на 12 септември 1362 г. в Авиньон, Франция.
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Pope Innocent VI Pope Innocent VI (Latin: Innocentius VI; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362), born Étienne Aubert, was Pope from 18 December 1352 to his death in 1362. He was the fifth Avignon Pope. Contents Early life[edit] Étienne's father was Adhemar Aubert (1260-?), seigneur de Montel-de-Gelat in Limousin province. The successor of Clement VI, he was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts, Diocese of Limoges[1] (today part of the commune of Beyssac, département of Corrèze), and, after having taught civil law at Toulouse, he became successively Bishop of Noyon in 1338 and Bishop of Clermont in 1340.[2] By 1342, he was raised to the position of cardinal.[3] He was made cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri in February 1352, by Pope Clement VI.[4] His papacy[edit] Etienne was crowned pope on 30 December 1352 by Cardinal Gaillard de la Mothe.[5] Upon his election, he revoked a signed agreement stating the college of cardinals was superior to the pope.[6] His subsequent policy compares favourably with that of the other Avignon Popes. He introduced many needed reforms in the administration of church affairs, and through his legate, Cardinal Albornoz, who was accompanied by Rienzi, he sought to restore order in Rome, where, in 1355, Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV was crowned with his permission, after previously having made an oath that he would quit the city on the day of the ceremony.[7] It was largely through the exertions of Innocent VI that the Treaty of Brétigny (1360) between France and England was brought about. During his pontificate, the Byzantine emperor John V Palaeologus offered to submit the Greek church to the Roman See on condition of assistance against John VI Cantacuzenus. The resources at the disposal of the Pope, however, were all required for exigencies nearer home, and the offer was declined. Most of the wealth accumulated by John XXII and Benedict XII had been lost during the extravagant pontificate of Clement VI. Innocent VI economised by cutting the chapel staff (or the "capellani capelle") from twelve to eight. Works of art were sold rather than commissioned. His pontificate was dominated by the war in Italy and by Avignon's recovery from the plague, both of which made draining demands on his treasury. By 1357, he was complaining of poverty. Innocent VI was a liberal patron of letters, and, if the extreme severity of his measures against the Fraticelli is ignored, he retains a high reputation for justice and mercy. Although, St. Bridget of Sweden denounced him as a persecutor of Christians.[8] He died on 12 September 1362 and was succeeded by Urban V. Today his tomb can be found in the Carthusian monastery in the Chartreuse du Val de Bénédiction in Villeneuve-les-Avignon. Notes[edit] - ^ Charles A. Coulombe, Vicars of Christ: A History of the Popes, (Kensington Publishing Corp., 2003), 298. - ^ Ronald G. Musto, Apocalypse in Rome: Cola di Rienzo and the Politics of the New Age, (University of California Press, 2003), 308. - ^ Charles A. Coulombe, Vicars of Christ: A History of the Popes, 298. - ^ Ronald G. Musto, Apocalypse in Rome: Cola di Rienzo and the Politics of the New Age, 308. - ^ Richard P. McBrien, Lives of the Popes, (HarperCollins, 2000), 242. - ^ Ronald G. Musto, Apocalypse in Rome: Cola di Rienzo and the Politics of the New Age, 308. - ^ Charles A. Coulombe, Vicars of Christ: A History of the Popes, 298. - ^ Richard P. McBrien, Lives of the Popes, 183, 242. References[edit] - Modified text from the 9th edition (1879) of an unnamed encyclopedia - Tomasello, Music and ritual at Papal Avignon 1309–1403. *Louis XI (king of France),Josepf Frederic, Louis Vaesen,Etienne Charavay,Bernard Edouard de Mandrot-1905.(Googles Livres) *Societe' d'etudes de la province de Cambrai,Lille-1907 *Innocent VI :le reformateur, deuxieme pape Limousin (1352–1362) Antoine Pellisier -(1961)-218 pages