http___en.wikipedia.org_wiki_Isaac_Komnenos__son_of_Alexios_I_.xml
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Исак Комнин (син на Алексий I Комнин) Севастократор Исак Комнин (на гръцки: Iσaάkιoς Kouvnvός, след 16 януари 1093 - ок. 1154) e трети син на византийския император Алексий I Комнин и баща на император Андроник I Комнин. Исак Комнин е роден в Константинопол. Той е син на Алексий I Комнин и Ирина Дукина. Брат e на Йоан II Комнин и на Анна Комнина, първата жена историк в историята. При управлението на баща си Исак Комнин получава титлата кесар, а през 1118 г. Йоан II го удостоява и с титлата севастократор. През 1130 г. отношенията между Исак и Йоан II се влошават и след разкриване на един заговор срещу императора, Исак Комнин е принуден да напусне Константинопол. В продължение на 6 години севастократорът пребивава в чужбина - приет е в двора на Данишмендите в Мелитена, а по-късно се установява и в Йерусалим. През 1136 г. Исак Комнин се завръща в Константинопол, където е реабилитиран от брат си. След смъртта на брат си Исак Комнин прави неуспешен опит да завземе властта през 1146-1147 г., поради което е заточен в Хераклия Понтика по заповед на племенника си, император Мануил I Комнин. Скоро след това е принуден да се замонаши и през 1153 г. основава собстен манастир край Енос, в Тракия. Исак Комнин е женен за Ирина, за която се смята че е Киевска княгиня. От нея той има шест деца: - Йоан, наречен Челеби, тъй като приема исляма - Андроник I - Мария Комнина - Анна Комнина - Евдокия Комнина - Елена Комнина, омъжена вероятно за киевския княз Юри Дъгоруки Предполага се, че Исак Комнин е имал и втора съпруга - грузинската принцеса Ката Багратиони, дъщеря на грузинския цар Давид IV и Русудан Арменска. Исак Комнин има един незаконен син - Алексий Комнин Източници и библиография[редактиране | edit source] - Paul Magdalino, The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos 1143–1180, Cambridge University Press, 1993. Varzos, Ē genealogia tōn Komnēnōn, Thessalonikē, 1984.
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Isaac Komnenos (son of Alexios I) Isaac Komnenos or Comnenus (Greek: Ἰσaάkιoς Kouvnvός, Isaakios Komnēnos; 16 January 1093 – after 1152) was the third son of Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118) and Empress Irene Doukaina. He was raised to the high rank of sebastokrator by his older brother John II Komnenos, but they later fell out and Isaac was exiled by John for several years. During the struggle for John's succession in 1143, he supported the unsuccessful candidacy of his nephew, likewise named Isaac, over the younger Manuel I Komnenos. A few years later, he was forced to retire to a monastery by Manuel. Isaac was noted for his erudition and his patronage of learning. Life[edit] He was the brother of Emperor John II Komnenos and the historian Anna Komnene. Isaac was given the dignity of Caesar by his father.[1] During and after the succession of John II in 1118, Isaac supported his elder brother against the intrigues of Empress-dowager Irene and their sister Anna, who favoured the candidacy of Anna's husband, Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger. In return, John II raised Isaac to the elevated dignity of sebastokratōr, which marked him as a near-equal to the emperor.[2] In contrast to his brother, who was chiefly engaged in warfare throughout his reign, Isaac was also a scholar and patron of learning.[3] He is known to have composed and compiled poetry, and is sometimes identified with the writer called "Isaac Komnenos the porphyrogennetos" who composed three philosophical treatises based on Proclus and two commentary works on Homer.[4] By ca. 1130 (and possibly as early as 1122) however, John and Isaac had become estranged, and Isaac was forced to flee Constantinople with his sons for six years after an alleged conspiracy. Isaac found refuge at the court of the Danishmendid emir Gümüshtigin Ghazi II ibn Danishmend at Melitene. During this time, he also undertook a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.[2][5] From his exile, Isaac sought to create a broad alliance with other rulers against his brother, including the Seljuk Turks of Iconium, the independent prince Constantine Gabras of Trebizond, the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. The coalition failed to materialize however, and he was forced to seek reconciliation with his brother in 1136.[2][5] Soon after, in 1139, Isaac's eldest son John again defected to the Turks. Either at that point or a little later, Isaac was banished as a precaution to Heraclea Pontica.[2] Shortly before John II died in 1143, he had designated his fourth and youngest son Manuel as his heir over his third (and oldest surviving) son, the sebastokrator Isaac. Consequently, Manuel's succession was not immediately secure.[6][7] In this struggle for the throne, the elder Isaac threw his support behind the younger Isaac. However, the decisive intervention of John Axouch, the commander-in-chief of the army, was to secure the throne for Manuel. Despite his failure, in 1145–1146, according to the contemporary historian John Kinnamos, Isaac attempted to take advantage of Manuel's difficulties to usurp the imperial throne from him.[2][5] After 1150, Manuel forced his uncle to retire from public affairs, and in 1151/1152, Isaac founded the cenobitic monastery of the Theotokos Kosmosoteira ("World-Saviour") at Bera (modern Pheres) in western Thrace. The monastery was built as his residence and final resting place; Isaac wrote the monastery's typikon himself, leaving extensive estates, including entire villages and castles to it in Thrace.[8][9] Isaac is also depicted in the Chora Church in Constantinople, which he extensively rebuilt. The Chora Church was also the initial location of Isaac's tomb, before he had it transferred to the Kosmosoteira monastery.[10] Family[edit] Isaac Komnenos was married to Irene, who may have been either a daughter of Volodar of Peremyshl[11] or Kata, a daughter of David IV of Georgia.[12] His children were:[13] - John Komnenos called Tzelepes (i.e., Çelebi), became a Muslim, settled at Ikonion and married Rum Sultan Mesud I's daughter.[14] - unnamed daughter - Anna Komnene, who married John Arbantenos. - Andronikos I Komnenos, emperor 1183–1185. Ancestry[edit] References[edit] - ^ a b c d e Kazhdan (1991), p. 1146 - ^ Magdalino (2002), p. 194 - ^ a b c Magdalino (2002), p. 193 - ^ Magdalino (2002), p. 205 - ^ The Turkish Element in Byzantium, Eleventh-Twelfth Centuries, Charles M. Brand, Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. Sources[edit] - Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford University Press. - Magdalino, Paul (2002). The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos, 1143–1180. Cambridge University Press. - Suny, Ronald Grigor (1994), The Making of the Georgian Nation. Indiana University Press, ISBN 0253209153. - Varzos, Konstantinos (1984). H ΓeveaλoYίa twv Kouvnvώv, Tόuoς A' [The Genealogy of the Komnenoi, Volume I]. Thessaloniki: Byzantine Research Centre.