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Home | The Carnaun Centenary Book | Book | Chronicle | Education, History, People In 1685 England had a Catholic king called James 11. His mainly Protestant subjects were willing to accept James as their king as long as he had no Catholic heir. The Protestant parliament wished to be ruled by a Protestant so they invited a prince from Holland who was called William of Orange to marry James’s daughter and become King of England. Most of the Irish Chieftains and leaders had left Ireland many years beforehand. Of those who had remained they now fled the country with James. Their land was given to English people who settled in Ireland. English settlers now owned much of the land in Ireland. The parliament they elected in Dublin was known as the Ascendancy. Most of the Ascendancy were members of the Church of Ireland which was also known as the Established Church. The King of England was recognised as the head of their church. However, there were many Protestants who were not members of the Established Church because they would not conform or share the beliefs of the Established Church. They were called Nonconformist. The main Nonconformist groups were the Presbyterians, Quakers, Methodists and Baptists. The Ascendancy leaders disliked the Catholics, who made up most of the population. The Ascendancy wanted to be sure that people of other religions would never become more powerfull than themselves so they introduced laws which became known as Penal Laws, aimed at keeping the Catholic population in subjection, ignorance and poverty. Here are some of the Penal Laws: • All Catholic bishops and monks must leave the country before May 1, 1698. • No Catholic or Nonconformist may vote for or be elected a member of parliament. • No Catholic may set up a school. • No Catholic or Nonconformist may be a lawyer, a judge, an army officer, a naval officer or hold a government job. • No priest may be educated or ordained in Ireland. • No Catholic may buy or inherit the land of a Protestant. • Catholics may not carry weapons. • No Catholic may own a horse worth more than £5. • One priest may remain in each parish if he promises to be loyal to the government. • When a Catholic father dies, his land must be divided among all his sons. • The son of a Catholic will receive all his father’s property if he becomes a Protestant. • No priest may enter Ireland from other countries. The penal cross that was found in Carnaun dated back to 1781. It was probably brought back from a pilgrimage to Lough Derg as a souvenir inscribed with the date of their visit. Pilgrimages were forbidden by law but indeed the chief opposition to them came from some of the Catholic bishops and clergy who had been educated in the university cities of Europe and who viewed some of these native manifestations of piety with considerable disapproval and were for instance severe in the condemnation of festivities on May Day and of levity at wakes and patterns. The penal laws were not really intended to destroy the Catholic religion but rather to keep Catholics powerless and uneducated. Very little effort was made to try to convert Catholics to the Protestant religion. The Ascendancy realised that their power would be in danger if huge numbers of Catholics did change religion. Feature image: Claire Browne, 6th Class, Carnaun School – – Written by Claire Browne Published here 05 Feb 2021 Page 241 of The Carnaun Centenary Book – – The Carnaun Centenary A compilation of short articles about the life and times at Carnaun National Sch… Here some recent records: Chronicle Presentation College Athenry – April 1996 ContributeMany thanks to all our writers, researchers and contributors who have made this collation of writing a meaningful historical record. If you would like to add an article, news, thoughts, opinions, photos or anything else to the Athenry.org Library please contact our Editor, Finbarr O’Regan at: oreganathenry@gmail.com Contact
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Home | The Carnaun Centenary Book | Book | Chronicle | Education, Environment, Folklore, People D’Fhoghlaim na paistiían Ghaeilge ó scéalta go mór mhór scéalta faoi obair na feirme agus an nadúr. San Earrach bhíodh caint ar an dtreabhadh, an fuirseadh agus cur an tsíl leis an gcéachta agus an bracha agus cur an tsíl ón bpráiscín. Sa Samhradh bhíodh baint an fhéir agus baint na móna acu. San Fhomhair bhíodh ar an bhfeirmeoir na barrai a bhaint agus sa nGeimhreadh bhíodh air bia a thabhairt do ainmhithe na feirme. B’iad na scéalta céanna nach mór a bhí in úsáid sa scoil ó bhliain go bliain agus thaithin cuid acu níos mó leis na paistí ná na cinn eile. Thárla go raibh triúr gasúr ó Scoil Charnáin ag iarraidh “An Preparatory Scholarship” a fháil agus sa “Bish” i nGaillimh a bhi orthu an t-agallamh a dhéanamh. Beirt chigire ó Bhláth Cliath a bhi ann. “Cad tá an feirmeoir ag déanamh an t-am seo den bhliain?” an cheist a chuireadh ar an gcéad lad ón scoil seo. “Ag treabhadh agus ag fuirseadh ata sé anois” arsa an buachaill, “ach ní fada anois go mbeidh sé ar an bportach. Is maith leis dul ar an bportach. Eiríonn sé go moch ar maidin. Cuireann sé an t-asal faoin gcarr agus cuireann sé an barra rotha, an sléan agus an laí isteach ann. Suas ar an gcarr leis féin ansin agus ar aghaidh leis ar an bportach”. Ar ndóigh bhí cluas ag an g’keyhole’ ag an Máistir scoile amuigh agus is é a bhí sásta leis an gcéad scoláire. “Agallamh maith” ar seisean leis fein. “Céard faoin gcluiche mór an Domhach seo chaite?” an cheist a cuireadh ar an dara Carnánach. “Níl fhios agam tada faoi” arsa mo dhuine bocht “mar bhí orm dul ar an bportach le m’athair”. D’éirigh m’athair go moch ar maidin. Chuir sé an t-asal faoin gcarr. Chuir sé an barra rotha, an sleán agus an laí isteach ann. Suas ar an gcarr leis ansin agus ar aghaidh leis . . . . ” Agus ar aghaidh leis an scoléire leis an scéal go tapaidh agus nior thug sé seans ar bith do na cigirí aon cheist eile a chur go raibh an t-am caite. “Bhfuil aon sean-fhocal agat a bhuachaill”? arsa cigire nuair a tháinig a triú fear as Scoil Charnán isteach. “Mara bhfuil agat ach pocaide gabhair bí i lár an aonaigh leis” arsa an gasúr le brod. “Maith thú” arsa an cigire. “An raibh tú riamh ar an aonach?”. “Bhi go minic” arsa’n buachaill, “ach bhfearr liom bheith ar an bportach”. “Eirionn mé go moch ar maidin. Cuireann mé an t-asal faoin gcarr. . . . .”. “Is dócha go gcaitheann tú an barra rotha, an sleán agus an laí isteach ann” arsa cigire amháin le droch-mheas. “Bhi an-eolas ag na cigirí as Bláth Cliath ar an bportach” arsa mo dhuine leis an múinteoir nuair a thainig sé amach. “Cé’n faith nach mbeadh taréis an ath-chleachtadh a bhí acu?” arsa an muinteóir agus ba bheag nár bhris sé “cinc a mhuiníl” leis an sceilp a thug sé dhó. “Agus an oiread scéalta eile a mhún mé dóibh” ar seisean leis féin go brónach. – – Written by Finbarr O'Regan Published here 05 Feb 2021 Page 042 of The Carnaun Centenary Book – – The Carnaun Centenary A compilation of short articles about the life and times at Carnaun National Sch… Here some recent records: Chronicle Sir Roger Casement ContributeMany thanks to all our writers, researchers and contributors who have made this collation of writing a meaningful historical record. If you would like to add an article, news, thoughts, opinions, photos or anything else to the Athenry.org Library please contact our Editor, Finbarr O’Regan at: oreganathenry@gmail.com Contact