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Researchers Pinpoint Cause of Tinnitus February 27, 2011 by Emma Filed under Tinnitus News People who suffer from a phantom and constant ringing in their ears – a condition known as tinnitus – had long been told the noise was all in their head. It turns out, it is. A research team from McMaster University in Hamilton and several other universities in Canada and the United States have pinpointed the source of the often debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide and has a dramatic impact on the quality of their lives. In an article published in the latest edition of The Journal of Neuroscience, scientists report that the tinnitus sound – described by many sufferers as a constant high-pitched ringing or hissing noise – is generated by neurons firing in the brain, not the ear. “We found that tinnitus is generated not in the ear but by changes that occur in the brain when hearing loss occurs,” said Larry Roberts, a neuroscientist and the lead researcher from McMaster. “It’s hearing loss associated with noise exposure that causes the majority of the cases.” The research was conducted in conjunction with scientists from the universities of Calgary, Southern Illinois and Michigan, the Cleveland Clinic and Harvard University. Roberts said that through studies on animals, research showed that if the auditory nerve of a tinnitus sufferer is severed, the condition doesn’t disappear. That means the root of the issue lies not in the ears, but in the brain, he said. And while the condition has been attributed to everything from loud noises, to antibiotic use and stress, no definitive cause or cure has been found, said Roberts. Roberts said the new research also doesn’t mean a cure is imminent. And without a cure, Roberts said, the condition can drive people to depression or even suicide unless they are able to get used to the noise and dislocate themselves from the emotional stress. Most famously, the phantom ringing of tinnitus has been theorized as the reason why 19th century painter Vincent van Gogh cut off his own ear. For Elizabeth Eayrs, a former Toronto city councillor and the founder of the Tinnitus Association of Canada, she said she felt like she couldn’t go on when she was first afflicted in the mid-1970s, after heading home from a particularly raucous council meeting. “It was as though there were large rocks or stones being shifted back and forth in a metal container,” she said. “But each person has a unique sound.” Described as a high-pitched tone by most, Eayrs said it is also heard as frying, sizzling, steaming, or even a low roaring, like a diesel truck running continuously. But the 83-year-old Eayrs said she has gotten used to the rumbling that never stops. “As I get older, it’s almost like I’m forgetting about it,” she said. And her story is not uncommon. The Tinnitus Association of Canada estimates there are approximately 360,000 people with the condition in Canada, of which 150,000 find it debilitating in some way. And in the U.S., tinnitus is the No. 1 service-connected disability of veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan, totalling 760,000 vets at the end of 2009. While numbers on Canadian veterans weren’t readily available, Zofia Wald-Mroz, an audiologist at the Perley and Rideau Veterans Health Centre in Ottawa, said a number of soldiers returning from Afghanistan have sought help. “They are exposed to an incredible amount of noise from gunfire, helicopters and concussive explosions that make them vulnerable to problems with their ears,” she said. Roberts said there may also be an increase in cases of tinnitus as a consequence of mild hearing losses, especially among young people who are growing up in a generation where earbud-style headphones are commonly used. “It’s not strange to sit on a bus or the subway and hear somebody with music blaring from their headphones,” he said. “They might not pay the price now, but they will later.” Source: Delta Optimist
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Taighdeoirí pinpoint Cúis tinnitus February 27, 2011 ag Emma Comhdaithe faoi Tinnitus Nuacht Daoine atá ag fulaingt ó phantom agus tairiseach ringing ina chluasa – coinníoll a dtugtar tinnitus – a bhí curtha in iúl chomh fada leis an torann a bhí i n-gach ceann. Casadh sé amach, go bhfuil sé. Tá foireann taighde ó Ollscoil McMaster Hamilton agus ollscoileanna eile a roinnt i gCeanada agus sna Stáit Aontaithe pinpointed foinse an gcoinníoll go minic debilitating a chuireann isteach ar na milliúin daoine ar fud an domhain agus tá tionchar suntasach ar chaighdeán saoil. In alt a foilsíodh in eagrán is déanaí de The Journal of Néareolaíochta, eolaithe tuarascáil go bhfuil an fhuaim tinnitus – ag cur síos ar go leor ag fulaingt mar torann leanúnach ard-claonta glaoch nó siosadh – Is é a ghintear trí lámhaigh neurons san inchinn, nach bhfuil an chluas. “Fuair muid go bhfuil tinnitus ghintear nach bhfuil ar an chluas ach trí athruithe a tharlaíonn san inchinn nuair a tharlaíonn cailliúint éisteachta,” dúirt Larry Roberts, a neuroscientist agus an taighdeoir luaidhe ó McMaster. “Baineann sé le caillteanas éisteachta a bhaineann le nochtadh fuaime go n-eascraíonn an chuid is mó de na cásanna.” Rinneadh an taighde i gcomhar le eolaithe ó na hollscoileanna ar Calgary, Illinois Deiscirt agus an Michigan, an Clinic Cleveland agus Ollscoil Harvard. Roberts dúirt gur trí staidéir ar ainmhithe, Léirigh an taighde sin má tá an nerve mallachar cloisteála a sufferer tinnitus ghearradh, nach bhfuil an coinníoll imíonn. Ciallaíonn sé sin nach luíonn an fhréamh an cheist sa chluasa, ach san inchinn, dúirt sé. Agus cé go bhfuil an coinníoll atá curtha síos do gach rud ó torann ard, úsáid a bhaint as antaibheathacha agus strus, níl aon chúis chinntitheach aimsithe nó a leigheas, Dúirt Roberts. Roberts a dúirt an taighde nua a chiallaíonn nach bhfuil chomh luath is a leigheas. Agus gan leigheas, Dúirt Roberts, Is féidir leis an coinníoll tiomáint daoine a féinmharú dúlagar nó fiú mura bhfuil siad in ann dul i dtaithí ar an torann agus dislocate iad féin as an strus mhothúchánach. An chuid is mó cáil, an phantom ringing tinnitus Tá theorized mar an fáth a ghearradh ar an 19ú haois péintéir Vincent van Gogh as a chluais féin. Do Eayrs Elizabeth, iar-chomhairleoir cathrach Toronto agus bunaitheoir Chumann Tinnitus Cheanada, dúirt sí mhothaigh sí cosúil nach bhféadfadh sí dul ar aghaidh nuair nach raibh sí an chéad afflicted i lár na 1970í, tar éis an ceannteideal abhaile ó mbeidh cruinniú na Comhairle go háirithe raucous. “Bhí sé mar cé go raibh charraigeacha móra nó clocha á aistreofar anonn 's anall i gcoimeádán miotail,” Dúirt sí. “Ach tá gach duine a fuaim ar leith.” Cur síos ar mar a ton ard-claonta ag an chuid is mó, Eayrs dúirt sé éisteacht freisin mar friochadh, sizzling, galbhruith, nó fiú caorthainn íseal, mar a bheadh ar siúl go leanúnach trucail díosail. Ach dúirt an Eayrs 83 bliana d'aois sí gotten a úsáidtear chun an rumbling go stopann riamh. “Mar a rachaidh mé aosta, tá sé beagnach mar tá mé dearmad a dhéanamh faoi,” Dúirt sí. Agus nach bhfuil a scéal neamhchoitianta. An Cumann Tinnitus de Cheanada meastacháin tá thart ar 360,000 daoine a bhfuil an coinníoll i gCeanada, a 150,000 aimsiú debilitating é i slí éigin. Agus US sa, Is é an Uimh tinnitus. 1 míchumais seirbhís-nasctha d'veterans ar ais ón Iaráic agus an Afganastáin, totalling 760,000 vets ag deireadh na 2009. Cé nach raibh líon na ndaoine ar veterans Cheanada ar fáil go héasca, Zofia Wald-Mroz, éisteolaí ag an Perley agus Rideau Veterans Ionad Sláinte in Ottawa, Dúirt roinnt de na saighdiúirí ar ais ón Afganastáin Tá cabhair á lorg. “Tá siad faoi lé an méid dochreidte le torann ó gunfire, héileacaptair agus pléascanna concussive a dhéanann siad chun fadhbanna leochaileacha lena cluasa,” Dúirt sí. Roberts sin d'fhéadfadh sé go mbeadh méadú i gcásanna tinnitus mar thoradh ar chaillteanas éisteachta éadrom, go háirithe i measc daoine óga atá ag fás aníos i nginiúint ina cluasáin earbud-stíl a úsáidtear go coitianta. “Níl sé aisteach chun suí ar an mbus nó ar an subway agus éisteacht le ceol blaring duine éigin as a n-cluasáin,” dúirt sé. “Ní fhéadfadh siad a íoc leis an praghas anois, ach beidh siad ina dhiaidh sin.” Foinse: Delta soirbhíoch