http___www.tearma.ie_Help.aspx_Topic_wildcards.ga_1.xml
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A clever way to make your Advanced Search more flexible is to use wildcards in the Foclaíocht/Wording box. A wildcard is a character which stands for other characters. These are the available wildcards: This represents any character. For example, if you search for l_w, you will find law and low, as well as the abbreviations lbw and LLW. This represents any number (including zero) of any characters. For example, if you search for met%rology, you will find metamorphic petrology and meteorology, as well as metrology. These give a choice of characters. For example, if you search for sociali[sz]ation, you will find every term which has Z or S in place of the brackets, that is, socialisation and socialization. You can give a wider selection within the brackets, for example [aeiou], and a hyphen may also be used to indicate a range of characters: [a-h] is the same thing as [aábcdeéfgh], for example. Accented letters are included in these letter ranges. It does not make any difference whether you use lower-case or upper-case letters within the brackets as the whole search process is case-insensitive. If the circumflex is the first character within the brackets, the meaning of the brackets is changed: now they give the choice of every character other than the bracketed characters. For example, [^aeiou] means every character other than A, E, I, O, U. So, if you search for l[^aeoiu]w in English, you will find lbw and LLW but you won’t find law or low. You can use any combination of characters and wildcards in a search, for example a[^aeiou]%d, a pattern which will result in every term which begins with A , the second character of which is any letter other than A E I O U and which ends in D. Note that the space, the comma, the hyphen and other punctuation symbols are also counted as characters. That is why you will find terms in which the second character is a space, if you search according to the above pattern. The most powerful wildcard is the percentage symbol as it represents any number of any characters. If you only insert the percentage symbol in the search box, be careful: depending on the other criteria, that could result in every term in the database – so don’t be surprised if that search takes more time than an ordinary search. If you would like to use any one of the wildcards as a character rather than as a wildcard, insert the symbol \ (backslash) before it. This is called an escape technique, and the backslash is called an escape symbol. For example, instead of 90% capacity, write 90\% capacity. It is necessary to do this with the symbols _ (underscore), % (percentage), [ and ] (square brackets) anywhere in the text, and with the symbols ^ (circumflex) and - (hyhen) if they are enclosed in square brackets. If you want to use the backslash itself as a character instead of as an escape symbol, write another backslash in front of it: \\.
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Bealach cliste chun solúbthacht a chur leis an gCuardach Casta is ea saoróga a úsáid sa bhosca Foclaíocht/Wording. Séard is saoróg ann carachtar a sheasann do charachtair eile. Seo iad na saoróga is féidir a úsáid: Seasann sí seo do charachtar ar bith. Mar shampla, má lorgaíonn tú l_w, gheobhaidh tú law agus low, chomh maith leis na giorrúcháin lbw agus LLW. Seasann sé seo do líon ar bith (náid san áireamh) de charachtair ar bith. Mar shampla, má chuardaíonn tú met%rology, gheobhaidh tú metamorphic petrology agus meteorology, chomh maith le metrology féin. Tugann siad seo rogha de charachtair. Mar shampla, má chuardaíonn tú sociali[sz]ation, gheobhaidh tú gach téarma a bhfuil Z nó S aige in áit na lúibíní, is é sin, socialisation agus socialization. Is féidir rogha níos leithne a thabhairt sna lúibíní, mar shampla [aeiou], agus is féidir an fleiscín a úsáid chun réimse carachtar a lua chomh maith: is ionann [a-h] agus [aábcdeéfgh], mar shampla. Tá litreacha le sínte fada san áireamh sna réimsí carachtar seo. Is cuma cé acu litreacha móra nó ceannlitreacha a scríobhann tú isteach sna lúibíní mar tá an próiseas cuardaigh ar fad cás-neamhíogair. Más é an cuairín an chéad charachtar atá i lúibíní, athraíonn sé sin brí na lúibíní: anois, tugann siad rogha de gach carachtar ach amháin na carachtair istigh iontu. Mar shampla, ciallaíonn [^aeiou] gach carachtar ach amháin A, E, I, O, U. Mar sin, má chuardaíonn tú l[^aeoiu]w sa Bhéarla, gheobhaidh tú lbw agus LLW agus ní bhfaighidh tú law nó low. Is féidir teaglaim ar bith de charachtair agus de shaoróga a chumadh agus a úsáid sa chuardach, mar shampla a[^aeiou]%d, patrún a thugann gach téarma a bhfuil A mar chéad charachtar aige, aon rud seachas A E I O U mar dhara carachtar, agus D mar charachtar deireanach. Tabhair faoi deara go n-áirítear an spás, an chamóg, an fleiscín agus siombailí poncaíochta eile mar charachtair chomh maith. Sin é an fáth a bhfaighidh tú téarmaí a bhfuil spás iontu mar dhara carachtar má dhéanann tú cuardach de réir an phatrúin thuas. Is é an céatadán an tsaoróg is cumhachtaí. Seasann % do líon ar bith de charachtair ar bith. Más é an céatadán an t-aon rud a chuir tú isteach sa bhosca cuardaigh, bí cúramach: ag brath ar na critéir eile, d’fhéadfadh sé sin gach téarma sa bhunachar a thabhairt duit – mar sin, ná bíodh iontas ort má ghlacann sé sin níos mó ama ná an gnáthchuardach. Más maith leat aon cheann de na saoróga a úsáid mar charachtair iontu féin seachas mar shaoróga, scríobh an siombal \ (cúlslais) roimhe. Cuirtear éalú ar an teicníc seo, agus is siombal éalaithe é an chúlslais. Mar shampla, in ionad 90% capacity, scríobh 90\% capacity. Is gá é seo a dhéanamh ar na siombailí _ (fostríoc), % (céatadán), [ agus ] (lúibíní cearnacha) áit ar bith sa téacs, agus ar na siombailí ^ (cuairín) agus - (fleiscín) más istigh i lúibíní cearnacha atá siad. Chun an chúlslais féin a úsáid mar charachtar seachas mar shiombal éalaithe, cuir cúlslais eile roimhe: \\.