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Lesson Objectives To inform pupils about the nutritional value of fish and to encourage greater consumption of fish among younger people. Video: Lesson 7 Teachers Guidelines Lesson could begin by making the pupils aware of the nutritional value of fish. Discuss their own consumption of fish: fish fingers, fish and chips, fish cakes, fish pie etc. We can divide the fish we eat into three categories: White fish, Oily Fish and Shellfish White fish such as cod is very good for low cholesterol diets. Oily fish supplies vitamins A and D. Its oil or fat is distributed throughout its body so its flesh is beige or pink. Shellfish is also very nutritious but it can be difficult to digest. Fish contain no carbohydrates but are an excellent source of protein, which helps build and repair strong muscles and bones. There are nutrients in fish and seafood that rarely exist in other foods: omega 3 fatty acids and vitamin E. All fish contains small amounts of vitamin B. Vitamins and minerals are essential for good health. For example, vitamin A is essential for the eyes and helps protect the skin, nose and throat. Fish and shellfish are also good sources of magnesium, calcium, iodine and other important nutrients. Discuss the food pyramid and where fish appear on the pyramid. To help pupils better understand the food pyramid, they can carry out the food pyramid activity below To encourage pupils to incorporate fish into their diet, fish dishes can be made in class, if resources allow. Two receipes that incorporate fish, can be found below Additional Teaching Material The food pyramid shows us the groups of foods that make up a good diet. It also tells us that we need to eat a variety of foods from all five groups and how much of the foods from the different groups we should eat to stay healthy. Its pyramid shape helps explain which foods we should eat more or less of. Many people take cod liver oil to help maintain a healthy heart. Heart disease is one of the biggest causes of death in the world but it is almost unknown among the Inuit people, even though their diet is very high in fat. The fat in their diet comes mostly from oil-rich fish. The Inuit of North America use fish oil on their bodies to help keep out the cold. For most species, truly fresh fish is almost odourless. Fish only begin to smell “fishy” when deterioration sets in, often caused by incorrect storage practices. For most species, truly fresh fish is almost odourless. Fish only begin to smell “fishy” when deterioration sets in, often caused by incorrect storage practices. Irish people do not eat much fish. Three-quarters of the fish caught in Ireland is exported to other countries. The Food Chain The food chain is not a linear chain but a complex web. The sun provides the energy for everything on the planet. Energy is passed from one organism to another in a network like a spider’s web. Producers include all green plants. Plants are able to harness the energy of the sun to make food. They make up the bulk of the food chain or web. Consumers are described as every organism that eats something else. They include herbivores (animals that eat plants), carnivores (animals that eat other animals), parasites (animals that live off of other organisms by harming it), and scavengers (animals that eat dead animal carcasses). Omnivores, humans, eat both meat and plants. They are end consumers in the food chain. Decomposers are mainly bacteria and fungi that convert dead matter into gases such as carbon and nitrogen to be released back into the air, soil or water. Decomposers recycle the nutrients to be used again by producer. When we spray pesticides or chemicals, we put the food chain in danger. Breaking one link on the chain means all of the organisms above that link are in threat of extinction (like the Domino Effect). The Estuary Food Web Revision Two different types of revision material accompany this lesson; activity cards and whiteboard material. The activity card is a 3 page document that is filled out by the pupils to test their knowledge of the lesson taught. The teacher can decide if the activity card is filled out individually or in teams The whiteboard resource tests the pupils knowledge of the lesson taught. Pupils are encouraged to actively engage in answering questions relating to food, the food pyramid and nutrition. At the end of the lesson, Pupils should know That fish is a highly nutritious food. That fish is a highly nutritious food.
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Sa cheacht seo pléitear iasc mar bhia folláin. Is foinse thábhachtach próitéiní agus vitimíní é an t-iasc. Tá oidis sa cheacht seo chun sinn a spreagadh chun breis éisc a ithe. - Tá trí phríomhghrúpa iasc ann: - Níl aon charbaihiodráití in iasc ach is foinse mhaith próitéiní - Moltar do dhaoine atá ar aiste bia, chun colaistéaról a ísliú, iasc geal, an troscmar shampla a ithe. - Faightear na vitimíní A agus D in iasc olúil. Dáilítear an ola nó an tsaill go cothram trína gcorp. Is é sin an fáth go mbíonn dath bándearg nó dath béis ar a gcuid feola. - Bia folláin is ea an t-iasc sliogáin, cé go mbíonn sé sách deacair é a dhíleá. - Faightear cothaithigh in iasc agus i mbia mara eile nach mbíonn le fáil i mbianna eile: óimige 3, aigéid shailleacha agus vitimíní. Bíonn roinnt bheag den vitimín B i ngach iasc. Faightear maignéisiam, cailciam, íodaín agus cothaithigh thábhachtacha eile in iasc agus in iasc sliogáin. - Cabhraíonn próitéiní le fás agus cneasú an choirp. Coinníonn siad na matáin agus na cnámha láidir. Bíonn vitimíní agus mianraí riachtanach don tsláinte. Bíonn vitimín A, mar shampla, ag teastáil chun na súile, an craiceann, an tsrón agus an scornach a choinneáil sláintiúil. - D’fhéadfá iasc mar bhia folláin a phlé leis na páistí ag tús an cheachta. Pléigh an cineál éisc a itheann siad féin: méara éisc, iasc agus sceallóga, cácaí éisc, pióg éisc etc. - Pléigh An Phirimid Bhia leis na páistí. Aimsigh an áit ar an bPirimid ina mbíonn iasc. - D’fhéadfadh na páistí a bpirimid fhéin a thógáil bunaithe ar an mbia a itheann siad ó na grúpaí éagsúla. D’fhéadfaidís an bia a tharraingt nó a phéinteáil nó colláis de a dhéanamh as pictiúirí ó irisleabhair. Nó d’fhéadfaidís Pirimid Ranga a thógáil as cartáin agus paicéid folmha. Sa tslí seo d’fhoghlaimeoidís conas bia a shortáil ina ghrúpaí éagsúla. - Lig do na páistí triail a bhaint as an oideas ar Chárta Oibre 7B sa rang nó spreag iad chun é a dhéanamh sa bhaile. An Phirimid Bhia Bain Triail as an Oideas seo má tá aiseanna cuí agat Tuilleadh eolais faoi bhiashlabhraí ar fáil ag http:/www.planetpals.com Má theastaíonn tuilleadh eolais uait faoi na hIonúitigh – cuir ceist ar Jeeves ag http://www.ajkids.com The Ultimate Show Me How Activity Book (Hermes House, 1997) Nutritional Aspects of Fish (Bord Iascaigh Mhara) - Léiríonn An Phirimid Bhia na grúpaí bia atá riachtanach i gcomhair aiste bia sláintiúil. Is cóir dúinn meascán maith bia ón gcúig ghrúpa a ithe chun muid féin a choinneáil i dtogha na sláinte. Foghlaimímid ón bPirimid an méid bia gur chóir dúinn a ithe ó gach grúpa. Cabhraíonn cruth na pirimide linn cuimhneamh cé mhéad is cóir dúinn a ithe as gach grúpa: Is cóir dúinn níos mó den bhia ag an mbun a ithe agus i bhfad níos lú den bhia ag an mbarr. Tógann go leor daoine ola ae troisc, chun an chroí a choinneáil sláintiúil. Úsáideann na hIonúitigh i Meiriceá Thuaidh ola éisc ar a gcolainn mar insliú teasa. Faigheann a lán daoine bás ar domhan de bharr galair chroí. Ní galar coitianta é áfach i measc na nIonúiteach, cé go mbíonn mórchuid saille acu ina n-aiste bia. Is saill as iasc olúil den chuid is mó a bhíonn acu. - Is beag speiceas éisc a bhíonn boladh uathu agus iad úr. Ní bhíonn drochbholadh ó iasc ach amháin má bhíonn sé ag lobhadh. Tarlaíonn sé seo nuair nach stóráiltear i gceart - Stánaítear, deataítear nó reoitear iasc chun é a leasú. - Ní itheann Éireannaigh mórán éisc. Easpórtáiltear trí cheathrú den iasc a ghabhtar in Éirinn. AN BIASHLABHRA - Bíonn ceangal idir biashlabhraí éagsúla. Tugtar bia-eangach air seo. - Soláthraíonn an ghrian an fuinneamh do gach dúil bheo ar an bplainéad. Seoltar fuinneamh ó orgánach amháin go horgánach eile in eangach atá cosúil le líon damháin alla. - Déanann plandaí glasa a gcuid bia féin trí úsáid a bhaint as fuinneamh na gréine. Ar an ábhar seo tugtar táirgeoirí orthu. Is plandaí glasa a bhíonn ag tús biashlabhra de ghnáth agus tá an-chuid díobh ann. - Tugtar tomhaltóir ar gach orgánach a itheann rud éigin eile. Ina measc tá luibhiteoirí (ainmhithe a itheann plandaí), feoiliteoirí (ainmhithe a itheann ainmhithe eile), seadáin (ainmhithe a chothaíonn iad féin ar orgánaigh eile agus a dhéanann dochar dóibh) agus scroblachóirí (ainmhithe a itheann ainmhithe marbha). - Uiliteoir is ea an duine. Ciallaíonn sé sin go gcothaíonn sé é féin ar phlandaí agus ar ainmhithe. Bíonn an duine ag barr an bhiashlabhra. - Dianscaoilteoirí: Baictéir agus fungais den chuid is mó is ea iad. Dianscaoileann siad taisí orgánacha marbha go ndéantar gáis mar nítrigin agus carbón díobh. Seoltar ar ais isteach san ithir, san aer agus san uisce iad. Athchúrsálann dianscaoilteoirí na cothaithigh a bhíonn ag teastáil ó na táirgeoirí. - Cuirtear an biashlabhra i mbaol nuair a úsáidtear lotnaidicídí nó ceimiceáin. Dá mbainfí nasc amháin amach as an mbiashlabhra, d’fhéadfaí na horgánaigh go léir atá ina dhiaidh a chur i mbaol. Tá gach nasc sa bhiashlabhra ag brath ar nasc éigin eile ann. Biashlabhra an Inbhir