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X-ray protective clothing can prevent the body hurt by X-ray, exposure to X-ray workers wear, in the process of work can effectively use radiation ray reflection, in order to reduce the X-ray of the harm to human body. Now the usual radiation protective clothing is made of metallic lead on the fabric, and the protective ability is related to the thickness of the metal lead. The main protective part of the radiological protective clothing is the chest, the abdominal organs and so on. Wearing X ray protective clothing can effectively reduce the damage caused by special light rays such as X rays during the CT examination. Product inspection method (1) the products tested in 80 KVP, 3.2 mAs, 72 focal length under the condition of X-ray photography, and then observe the photos of the film, in the X-ray film, lead rubber clothing vest, if the size of window, said the increase the material thickness, absorb radiation is stronger. (2) if it appears dark, the thickness of the material in the site is changed. (3) if the edge of the dark spot is clear, it may be due to damage to the internal protective material, which is usually caused by incorrect use of protective clothing. (4) if there is a small amount of dark spots, it is produced during the production of protective clothing, such as pinhole. It is proved by clinical evidence that a dark spot with a diameter of no more than 5mm will not affect the protective effect. If a number of dark spots larger than 5mm are found, or many small and dark spots should be noticed, it should be noted. (5) if there is a long shadow, it indicates that the lead rubber may break in the area, which is caused by improper storage of protective clothing. [product maintenance] (1) this product shall not be exposed to the sun, the place shall be kept away from heat source and lead coating, and it shall not be in contact with other articles which are harmful to the product, such as paint, acid and alkali. (2) this product shall be stored in a well-ventilated and cool and dry room. The temperature is 0-30 degrees, and the relative temperature is 80 %. Method is used in many users will X-ray protective clothing under X light illuminate, found or can perspective objects under X-ray protective clothing, said X-ray protective clothing protection effect. Actually such detection is unscientific! Why not science? So let's start with the X ray emission principle. Principle of X-ray emission is like our torch light, its light is like a bell mouth shine out, the middle of the bright, direct than X-ray scattering X-ray radiation is strong many times, and X ray protective clothing using purpose is used to prevent ray scattering line rather than direct rays. And equipment with the size of the X-ray tube voltage, tube current is close, we want the tube voltage, tube current according to the equipment to choose more suitable for our X-ray protective clothing, rather than the lead equivalent the bigger the better, because they lead the heavier burden will be heavy to your body! How to detect the protective effect of X ray protective suit more effectively? Get ready for the simplest tool for X-ray protective clothing: an individual dosimeter. First put personal meter X light side position, record number: then put X X ray protective clothing light source side, on one side of the X ray protective clothing with X light open individual meter detection X-ray radiation, to see if the radiation value detector have change, depending on the lead equivalent X-ray protective clothing size down the numerical have different individual meter. This method is the simplest and most effective method for individuals, but there are some differences in the effects of different environments, such as the space of the machine room and other decisive factors. Now, the X - ray protective clothing on the market, whether the type, or the manufacturers are all dazzling, then exactly how to choose the qualified X-ray protective clothing? Here's a quick introduction: Whether the company's product qualification is complete; Whether the product has the trademark, certificate and instruction of the regular manufacturer; Find out whether the manufacturer is real or not; The location of the X ray protective suit should indicate its lead equivalent (level of protection) so that users can identify different levels of protective X-ray protective clothing at different environments. The damage done to the human body by x-rays is mainly due to the characteristics of the X-ray - biological effects. After the X-ray irradiation of the body, a series of changes can be made to the tissue cells and bodily fluids. The cells in the tissue are inactivated by ionizing radiation, which leads to the radioactive damage caused by the injury of hematopoietic tissue. The extent of radiation damage is influenced by a variety of complex factors, such as irradiation dose, exposure area and site, radiation sensitivity of individual and tissue cells, and energy of radiation. Mainly damage such as the irradiation of acute or chronic radiation sickness, radiation reaction, the main symptoms of nausea, vomiting, headache and abnormal blood picture, skin lesions, severe cases can lead to leukemia, radioactive cataract, skin cancer, such as basic radiation is easy to cause fetal death and birth defects during pregnancy, severe mental retardation, etc. The amount of exposure to the X rays is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. When the distance is doubled, the irradiation can be reduced to 1/4 of the original, and all personnel should stay away from the X-ray machine as far as possible. Wear package lead clothing, lead scarf, lead glasses and other protective items to protect, especially to the thyroid, gonads should be protective. So what are the products of the X-ray protective suit? Here's a quick introduction: The X ray protective suit includes: long sleeve lead coat, lead glue cap, lead scarf, lead gloves, lead glasses; In addition, there may be many customers who ask the specification 0.35 MMPB and 0.5mmpb. How should I choose? In fact, it is very simple, mainly looking at the size of the radiation dose and whether it is directly exposed to the radioactive source or X-ray machine. The protective products of 0.35 MMPB were selected when the radiation dose was less direct contact with the radioactive source. In the case of large amount of radiation dose, direct contact with radiation source and X-ray machine must choose 0.5mmpb protective products, and the protection effect is better! What is the meaning of the medical X-ray protective suit 0.5? It is generally based on 0.5mmpb ray protective lead clothing to protect more than 90% of the scattered lines. X - ray protective clothing is a kind of screen cover used between radioactive sources and personnel that can effectively absorb x-rays to eliminate or reduce the harmful effects of X rays on the human body. The shielding mechanism of shielding material is the absorption of ionizing radiation by absorbing material contained in the material. The magnitude of energy absorption is proportional to the four times of the atomic number of the absorbed material. Lead the atomic number is 82, has the good energy absorption properties, and easy to get, is a kind of use Ideal material to shield high-energy ionizing radiation, people use the lead equivalent to measure shielding materials for X ray absorption ability. So lead is the most important performance indicator of X ray protective clothing, and the large size of lead equivalent determines the ability of X - ray protective clothing to block x-rays. In this paper, we will calculate the lead value of the protective clothing for shielding the scattered X-ray radiation of several common tube voltages. X ray protective clothing required lead equivalent calculation for X-ray protection, our country some national standards (such as GBZ130-2002 "medical X-ray diagnosis standard for health protection, etc.) in the specific provision: each X-ray machine should be equipped with the right amount of conform to the requirements of the protection of all sorts of auxiliary protective equipment, such as lead rubber gloves, lead rubber apron, etc. We know that any occasion requiring the use of individual protective products is an occasion for health hazards and threats to life safety. So, in the places that have requirements of X-ray hazard, choose how lead equivalent X-ray protective equipment can not exceed the international commission on radiological protection (ICRP) publication no. 103 is the staff of occupational exposure dose threshold, the staff of professional photo shoot dosage 20 MSV per year on average for 5 years, in which any one year shall not exceed 50 MSV threshold.
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X-ghathaithe éadaí cosanta is féidir cosc a chur ar an gcomhlacht Gortaítear ag X-ghathaithe, nochtadh do oibrithe X-ghathaithe a chaitheamh, i mbun an phróisis oibre is féidir a úsáid go héifeachtach radaíocht ray machnaimh, d'fhonn laghdú ar an X-ghathaithe an dochar a gcorp an duine. Anois tá an éadaí cosanta radaíochta is gnách déanta as luaidhe miotalach ar an bhfabraic, agus tá an cumas cosanta a bhaineann leis an tiús an luaidhe miotail. Tá an chuid is mó cosanta den éadaí cosanta raideolaíoch an cófra, orgáin bhoilg agus mar sin de. Is féidir le caitheamh éadaí cosanta X ghathaithe a laghdú go héifeachtach ar an damáiste de bharr gathanna solais speisialta ar nós ghathanna X le linn an scrúdaithe CT. modh iniúchta Táirge (1) na táirgí a thástáil i 80 KVP, 3.2 MAS, 72 fad fócasach an gcoinníoll X-gha grianghrafadóireacht, agus ansin breathnú ar na grianghraif an scannáin, sa scannán X-ghathaithe, mar thoradh ar dílseoidh éadaí rubair, más rud é an méid de fuinneog, dúirt an t-ardú ar an tiús ábhar, ionsú go bhfuil radaíocht níos láidre. (2) más dealraitheach dorcha, tá an tiús an ábhair sa suíomh athrú. (3) más imeall an láthair dorcha soiléir, d'fhéadfadh sé a bheith mar gheall ar damáiste don ábhar cosanta inmheánach, atá de ghnáth de bharr úsáid mhícheart éadaí cosanta. (4) má tá méid beag de spotaí dorcha, tá sé a tháirgtear le linn an táirgeadh éadaí cosanta, mar shampla pinhole. Tá sé cruthaithe ag an fhianaise chliniciúil nach mbeidh ar an láthair dorcha le trastomhas de níos mó ná 5mm difear an éifeacht cosanta. Má tá roinnt spotaí dorcha níos mó ná 5mm le fáil, nó ba chóir go leor spotaí beaga agus dorcha faoi deara, ba chóir a thabhairt faoi deara. (5) má tá scáth fada, léiríonn sé gur féidir leis an rubar i gceannas briseadh sa cheantar, a ba chúis le stóráil míchuí éadaí cosanta. [Cothabháil táirgí] (1) Ní bheidh feidhm ag an táirge a bheith faoi lé an ghrian, is é an áit a choinneáil ar shiúl ó fhoinse teasa agus cótáil luaidhe, agus ní bheidh sé i dteagmháil le earraí eile atá díobhálach don táirge, cosúil le péint, aigéad agus alcaile . (2) Déanfar an táirge a stóráil i seomra dea-aeráilte agus ansin fuaraigh agus tirim. Is í an teocht 0-30 céimeanna, agus tá an teocht coibhneasta 80%. Tá an modh a úsáidtear i úsáideoirí go leor a X-ghathaithe éadaí cosanta faoi X solas illuminate, fuair nó is féidir rudaí pheirspictíocht faoi éadaí cosanta X-ghathaithe, dúirt X-ghathaithe cosanta éifeacht cosanta éadaí. I ndáiríre is é a bhrath den sórt neamheolaíoch! Cén fáth nach bhfuil an eolaíocht? Sin a ligean le tús a chur leis an bprionsabal X astaíochta gha. Is Prionsabal na hastaíochta X-gha ar nós ár solas tóirse, is é a solas cosúil le béal clog Shine amach, is é an lár an geal, díreach ná X-ghathaithe radaíocht scaipthe X-ghathaithe a mhéad uair láidre, agus X ghathaithe éadaí cosanta ag baint úsáide as na críche sin úsáidtear chun cosc a chur ar líne scaipthe ray in ionad roic díreach. Agus trealamh le méid an voltas bhfeadán X-ghathach, tá feadán cheana dún, ba mhaith linn an voltas feadán, feadán atá ann faoi láthair i gcomhréir leis an trealamh a roghnú níos oiriúnaí le haghaidh ár éadaí cosanta X-gha, seachas an choibhéis i gceannas an níos mó an níos fearr, mar go dtugann siad go mbeidh an t-ualach níos troime a bheith trom do chorp! Conas a bhrath ar an éifeacht cosanta de agra cosanta X ghathaithe níos éifeachtaí? Faigh réidh le haghaidh an uirlis is simplí chun éadaí cosanta X-gha: an dosimeter aonair. An Chéad a chur méadar X seasamh taobh solas pearsanta, líon is mó riamh: chur ansin XX ga taobh foinse solais éadaí cosanta, ar thaobh amháin den éadaí cosanta X gha le X solais oscailte méadar bhrath radaíocht X-ghathaithe aonair, chun a fháil amach an brathadóir luach radaíochta tá athrú, ag brath ar an X-ghathaithe méid éadaí cosanta mar thoradh ar coibhéiseach síos an uimhriúla bhfuil méadar aonair éagsúla. Tá an modh seo an modh is simplí agus is éifeachtaí do dhaoine aonair, ach tá roinnt difríochtaí idir na héifeachtaí dtimpeallachtaí éagsúla, mar shampla an spás an tseomra meaisín agus fachtóirí cinntitheach eile. Anois, an X - tá éadaí ray cosanta ar an margadh, cibé acu an cineál, nó na monaróirí go léir dazzling, ansin go cruinn conas a roghnú an éadaí cosanta X-gha cáilithe? Seo a thabhairt isteach mear: Cibé an bhfuil cáilíocht táirge na cuideachta a chomhlánú; Cibé an bhfuil an táirge ar an trádmharc, deimhniú agus teagasc an mhonaróra rialta; Faigh amach an bhfuil an monaróir fíor nó nach bhfuil; Ba chóir an suíomh an agra cosanta X ghathaithe in iúl a choibhéis luaidhe (leibhéal na cosanta) ionas gur féidir le húsáideoirí a aithint leibhéil éagsúla éadaí cosanta cosanta X-ghathaithe ag timpeallachtaí éagsúla. Is é an damáiste a rinneadh do chorp an duine trí x-ghathanna príomha mar gheall ar na saintréithe an X-ghathaithe - éifeachtaí bitheolaíocha. Tar éis an ionradaíochta X-ghathaithe de chuid an chomhlachta, is féidir sraith athruithe a dhéanamh ar na cealla fíochán agus sreabhán coirp. Na cealla i an fíochán atá díghníomhaithe ag radaíocht, as a dtagann an damáiste radaighníomhach ba chúis leis an díobháil fíochán hematopoietic ianaíoch. Tá méid damáiste radaíochta tionchar ag go leor fachtóirí casta, cosúil le dáileog ionradaíochta, achar nochtadh agus láithreán, íogaireacht radaíocht na cealla aonair agus fíochán, agus fuinneamh na radaíochta. Den chuid is mó damáiste den sórt sin mar an ionradaíochta na breoiteachta radaíochta géara nó ainsealach, imoibriú radaíochta, na comharthaí is mó de nausea, vomiting, tinneas cinn agus pictiúr fola neamhghnácha, loit chraicinn, is féidir cásanna tromchúiseacha mar thoradh ar leoicéime, cataract radaighníomhach, ailse craicinn, mar shampla radaíocht bhunúsach Is éasca a chur faoi deara lochtanna féatais bás agus breith linn toirchis, mhoilliú meabhrach dian, etc. Is é an méid nochtadh do na roic X contrártha comhréireach leis an cearnach de an t-achar. Nuair a bhíonn an t-achar faoi dhó, is féidir leis an ionradaíochta a laghdú go dtí 1/4 de na bunaidh, agus ba chóir gach pearsanra fanacht amach as an meaisín X-ghathaithe chomh fada agus is féidir. Caith éadaí pacáiste luaidhe, scarf luaidhe, gloiní luaidhe agus nithe cosanta eile a chosaint, go háirithe leis an thyroid, ba chóir go mbeadh gonads cosanta. Mar sin, cad iad na táirgí den agra cosanta X-ghathaithe? Seo a thabhairt isteach mear: Áirítear ar an agra cosanta X gha: cóta fada sleeve luaidhe, caipín gliú luaidhe, scarf luaidhe, lámhainní luaidhe, gloiní luaidhe; Lena chois sin, d'fhéadfadh go mbeadh go leor custaiméirí a iarraidh ar an tsonraíocht 0.35 MMPB agus 0.5mmpb. Conas ba chóir dom a roghnú? Go deimhin, tá sé an-simplí, den chuid is mó ag féachaint ar an méid de na dáileog radaíochta agus cibé an bhfuil sé faoi lé go díreach chuig an fhoinse radaighníomhach nó meaisín x-ghathaithe. Roghnaíodh na táirgí cosanta de 0.35 MMPB nuair a bhí an dáileog radaíochta teagmháil níos lú díreach leis an foinse radaighníomhach. I gcás cuid mhór de dáileog radaíochta, ní mór teagmháil dhíreach le foinse radaíochta agus meaisín X-ghathaithe a roghnú 0.5mmpb tháirgí cosanta, agus is é an éifeacht cosanta níos fearr! Cad é an bhrí an leighis X-gha agra cosanta 0.5? Tá sé bunaithe go ginearálta ar 0.5mmpb ray éadaí mar thoradh cosanta a chosaint níos mó ná 90% de na línte scaipthe. Is ray éadaí cosanta ar chineál an clúdach scáileán a úsáidtear idir foinsí radaighníomhacha agus pearsanra is féidir a ionsú héifeachtach x-ghathanna a dhíchur nó éifeachtaí dochracha na roic X laghdú ar an gcorp an duine - X. Is é an sásra shielding ábhair sciath ionsú na radaíochta ianaithe trí ábhar atá san ábhar ionsú. Is é an méid ionsú fuinnimh i gcomhréir leis an ceithre huaire an uimhir adamhach an t-ábhar absorbed. Luaidhe bhfuil an uimhir adamhach 82, tá an airíonna ionsú fuinnimh maith, agus éasca a fháil go bhfuil, ar chineál an ábhar Ideal le húsáid a sciath radaíochta ard-fhuinnimh ianúcháin, úsáideann daoine an coibhéiseach luaidhe a n-ábhar sciath do chumas X gha ionsú a thomhas. Dá bhrí sin tá luaidhe an táscaire feidhmíochta is tábhachtaí de éadaí cosanta X gha, agus go gcinnfidh an méid mór de choibhéis luaidhe ar chumas na X - éadaí cosanta ghathaithe chun bealach x-ghathanna. Sa pháipéar seo, beidh muid ag ríomh luach luaidhe an éadaí cosanta do sciath ar an scaipthe radaíocht X-gha roinnt voltages tube coitianta. X gha éadaí cosanta is gá a ríomh coibhéiseach luaidhe ar chosaint x-ghathaithe, ár dtír éigin caighdeáin náisiúnta (ar nós GBZ130-2002 "caighdeán diagnóis leighis X-gha le haghaidh cosaint sláinte, srl) san fhoráil shonrach: gach meaisín X-ghathaithe chóir a bheith feistithe leis an méid ceart de réir na gceanglas de chosaint gach cineál de threalamh cosanta cúnta, mar shampla lámhainní luaidhe rubair, luaidhe naprún rubair, etc tá a fhios againn go bhfuil aon ócáid á cheangal ar an úsáid a bhaint as táirgí cosanta aonair ócáid do guaiseacha sláinte agus bagairtí ar shábháilteacht beatha. Mar sin, sna háiteanna a bhfuil riachtanais guaise X-gha, roghnú cé nach féidir mar thoradh ar trealamh cosanta atá coibhéiseach X-ghathaithe níos mó ná an Coimisiún idirnáisiúnta maidir le cosaint raideolaíoch (ICRP) a fhoilsiú ar bith. Is 103 an fhoireann tairseach dáileog nochtadh ceirde, foireann grianghraf gairmiúla dosage shoot 20 mSv in aghaidh na bliana ar an meán ar feadh 5 bliana, ina bhfuil aon bhliain amháin ní mó ná 50 mSv tairseach.