https___antibiotic.ecdc.europa.eu_ga_bi-ar-eolas_priomhtheachtaireachtai_priomhtheachtaireachtai-do-ghairmithe-curam-slainte-ospideil-9_1.xml
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Key messages for clinical microbiologists Tasks Your tasks related to improving antibiotic use include [31,98-100] [expert consensus]: a) Participating in the antibiotic stewardship team, as a key member of the team; b) Collaborating with the infectious disease specialist and the hospital pharmacist to implement the antibiotic stewardship programme; c) Supporting evidence-based hospital antibiotic guidelines for common infections and for surgical prophylaxis; d) Timely identification and reporting of microorganisms (e.g. in blood cultures) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing; e) Communicating critical results promptly to the treating physician; f) Presenting data in a way that supports prudent antibiotic use, for example by selectively reporting to physicians a limited number of antimicrobial susceptibility results; g) Providing guidelines for appropriate specimen collection, enforcing rejection criteria for specimens submitted inappropriately, and establishing procedures to limit the work-up of contaminants (e.g. blood cultures); h) Guiding empirical antibiotic therapy by providing hospital and ward specific (e.g. intensive care unit or emergency department) cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility data; i) Identifying critical trends in antibiotic resistance in the hospital and promptly communicating observations to the antibiotic stewardship team and the infection control team. j) Managing your hospital’s antimicrobial formulary (i.e., list of drugs available for prescribers). Things you can do, or collaborate on Provide guidelines for specimen collection, storage and transport [98,99]. Ensure that laboratory testing and antimicrobial susceptibility reporting follow treatment guidelines (including selective reporting), and include relevant comments on interpretation if needed [31]. Ensure that identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results are communicated to prescribers, nurses and the antibiotic stewardship team especially for critical results (e.g. blood cultures) [98-100]. Ensure that testing and reporting of microbiology results follow European and national standards (i.e. European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing - EUCAST) [31]. Provide data on antibiotic resistance at hospital level and ward level, and communicate trends to the antibiotic stewardship team and the infection prevention and control team [101]. Train hospital prescribers regularly on antibiotic resistance, and on use of rapid and point-of-care diagnostic tests [31,53].
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Príomhtheachtaireachtaí do mhicribhitheolaithe cliniciúla Cúraimí Áirítear iad seo a leanas leis na cúraimí atá ort maidir le húsáid antaibheathach a fheabhsú [31,98-100] [comhdhearcadh saineolaithe]: a) Páirt a ghlacadh san fhoireann maoirseachta antaibheathach agus ról tábhachtach a imirt inti; b) Obair i gcomhar leis an speisialtóir galar tógálach agus le cógaiseoir an ospidéil chun an clár maoirseachta antaibheathach a chur chun feidhme; c) Tacú le treoirlínte fianaisebhunaithe an ospidéil um úsáid antaibheathach le haghaidh ionfhabhtuithe coitianta agus próifiolacsas máinliachta; d) Miocrorgánaigh (e.g. i saothráin fola) agus tástáil soghabháltachta i leith ábhar frithmhiocróbach a shainaithint agus a thuairisciú go tráthúil; e) Torthaí criticiúla a chur in iúl go pras don lia cóireála; f) Sonraí a chur i láthair ar bhealach ina dtacaítear le húsáid stuama antaibheathach, mar shampla trí líon teoranta torthaí ar shoghabháltacht i leith ábhar frithmhiocróbach a thuairisciú go roghnaitheach do lianna; g) Treoirlínte a chur ar fáil le haghaidh samplaí cuí a bhailiú, critéir dhiúltaithe do shamplaí arna gcur isteach go míchuí a fhorfheidhmiú, agus nósanna imeachta a bhunú chun an scrúdú ar éilleáin (e.g. saothráin fola) a theorannú; h) Teiripe eimpíreach antaibheathach a threorú trí shonraí atá sonrach don ospidéal agus don bharda (e.g. aonad dianchúraim nó rannóg éigeandála) agus sonraí carnacha a chur ar fáil faoi shoghabháltacht i leith ábhar frithmhiocróbach; i) Treochtaí criticiúla i bhfrithsheasmhacht in aghaidh antaibheathach san ospidéal a shainaithint agus tuairimí a chur in iúl ina leith go pras don fhoireann maoirseachta antaibheathach agus don fhoireann um ionfhabhtú a rialú. j) Foirmleoir ábhar frithmhiocróbach d’ospidéil (i.e. an liosta drugaí atá ar fáil d’oideasóirí) a bhainistiú. Na nithe is féidir leat a dhéanamh nó na nithe ar féidir leat dul i mbun comhair ina leith Treoirlínte a chur ar fáil um shamplaí a bhailiú, a stóráil agus a iompar [98,99]. A chinntiú go gcloítear le treoirlínte cóireála (lena n-áirítear tuairisciú roghnaitheach) le linn tástáil saotharlainne agus tuairisciú ar shoghabháltacht i leith ábhar frithmhiocróbach, agus nótaí cuí faoi léiriú a chur ar áireamh, más gá [31]. A chinntiú go gcuirtear na torthaí ar shainaithint agus ar thástáil soghabháltachta i leith ábhar frithmhiocróbach in iúl d’oideasóirí, d’altraí agus don fhoireann maoirseachta antaibheathach, go háirithe i gcás torthaí criticiúla (e.g. saothráin fola) [98-100]. A chinntiú go gcloítear le caighdeáin Eorpacha agus náisiúnta le linn tástáil agus torthaí micribhitheolaíocha a thuairisciú (i.e. an Coiste Eorpach um Thástáil Soghabháltachta i leith Ábhar Frithmhiocróbach - EUCAST) [31]. Sonraí a chur ar fáil faoi fhrithsheasmhacht in aghaidh antaibheathach ar leibhéal an ospidéil agus ar leibhéal an bharda, agus treochtaí a chur in iúl don fhoireann maoirseachta antaibheathach agus don fhoireann um ionfhabhtú a chosc agus a rialú [101]. Oideasóirí ospidéil a oiliúint go rialta i bhfrithsheasmhacht in aghaidh antaibheathach agus in úsáid a bhaint as mearthástálacha diagnóiseacha agus as tástálacha diagnóiseacha ag an láthair cúraim [31,53].