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The following is a short overview of existing alternatives to meat: Wheat Gluten / Seitan Wheat gluten is also known as seitan. It consists of the protein components gliadin and glutenin which are isolated from wheat by rinsing the wheat dough until the starch and bran have been washed out. It is the most cost effective and most simple raw material for producing vegetarian sausages, burgers, nuggets, schnitzel as well as minced meat. In addition, wheat is a crop that is native to a majority of countries, the production of seitan is possible on a regional level. The simple production method gives rise to a consistency which is remarkably similar to the stringy fibres that make up the consistency of meat. Seitan can be seasoned and prepared in a huge variety of ways. Wikipedia articles about seitan Seitan recipes Websites with uses for seitan General information about seitan Tofu Tofu is a traditional Asian foodstuff and the basis for meat replacements made from soya. It is made by adding a coagulant to soya milk and compressing the resulting protein solids until the required consistency is achieved. Tofu is easily digested and contains all essential amino acids. Unlike seitan, tofu does not have a meat-like consistency, it can be seasoned in many different ways and is delicious smoked. Wikipedia once again Tofu, one of the healthiest foods in the world Soya Meat Soya meat, or to be exact; “textured vegetable protein” (TVP), is produced from soya beans in many Asian countries. The production method is somewhat laborious but, the end product has a fibrous consistency which is very similar to meat. With different seasonings a great variety of flavours can be achieved. Soya meat is extremely rich in protein, protein content is over 50%. Wikipedia Information about soya meat Tempeh Tempeh is a traditional fermented food from Indonesia, it is made by the controlled fermentation of cooked soya beans with a Rhizopus mold. The tempeh fermentation by the Rhizopus mold binds the soya beans into a compact white cake. Tempeh is not fibrous like meat. It contains, amongst others, many B vitamins, has a high protein content and is very versatile. Information about tempeh Wikipedia What is tempeh? Quorn Quorn is an innovation from the English company Marlow Foods. It is made from a fermented fungus which is processed and textured to produce a food which can be easily mistaken for meat. Quorn products include steaks, burgers, chicken breasts as well as sliced meats and ready meals such as lasagne. Quorn is available from supermarkets in many European countries and in parts of the USA. However, Quorn is not animal-free as egg white is used as a binding ingredient. Quorn-Home Wiki Quorn OTHERS The seeds of sweet lupines can be used for vegetarian meat production, too. Meatless for example is made of 100% vegetable fibres, made from lupine or wheat. The fibres are produced in different shapes, flavours and colours. Meatless is used for meat-substitute products as well as for developing “hybrid products”, which are meat-products in which a huge portion of the meat is replaced by Meatless. Another option for producing vegetarian meat alternatives can be algae, Remis Algen shows such an approach. Sprouted soybeans can also be basis for meat replacements, an example is Yaso. Another innovative approach is using fresh mushrooms like the company Fresh'shrooms does. General Links Search engine for animal-free products and restaurants in your area from the IVU-Website Worldwide overview of meat alternatives (vegetarian meat) Remarkable intermediate products for the production of vegetarian meats: Meatless, vegetable fibres, made from lupine or wheat (Meatless, NL) Wheatex, textured wheat protein (MGP Ingredients, US) Ultra-Soy and Imagic (Legacy Foods, US) Soy Iso Fibers (Nutriant, Kerry US) Soy protein isolates / concentrates (Solae) Nexsoy Low-Fat textured Soy Proteins (Nexcel, US) Mase, innovative tofu machines (also on youtube) Highly remarkable vegetarian meat products: Valsoia Italy - vegetarian meat Pural - remarkable Veg. Fish Sticks, ... (French product, German website) Burgers, Nuggets, Schnitzels, .. at Fry's Special Vegetarian (South Africa) US meat and dairy substitutes overview Topas - Wheaty Germany, wheat based vegetarian meat Yaso, sprouted soybean based meat replacement (Hun) Australian tofu, veggie-meat, soy-cheese, soy-milk Gardein - Innovative Garden grown Protein (USA, Can, UK) Linda McCartneyFoods, sausages and burgers (UK) Sojaprodukt - Slovak Vegetarian Meat (SK) healthy-eating.com, various brands vegetarian meat (US) Turtle Island Foods / Tofurky (US, Canada, UK) Field Roast Grain Meat (US) Bahama Rice based meat alternatives (US) Match Premium Meat Alternatives (US) Witmit Argentina - Seitan (AR) VegieVegie Premium Meat Alternative (Thailand) Au Lac - vegetarian meat products (Vietnam) CKfoods - Taiwanese soyameat-producer Hung-Yang - TVP from Taiwan
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PŠENIČNI GLUTEN / SEITAN Pšenični gluten poznat je i kao seitan. Gluten se sastoji od proteinskih sastavnica gliadina i glutenina izoliranih iz pšenice ispiranjem pšeničnog tijesta dok se škrob i posije ne isperu. To je najjeftinija i najjednostavnija sirovina za proizvodnju vegetarijanskih kobasica, pljeskavica, ćevapa, odrezaka i vegetarijanskog mljevenog mesa. Dodatno, pšenica je usjev koji se uzgaja u većini zemalja svijeta, tako da je proizvodnja seitana moguća na regionalnom nivou. Jednostavnost metode proizvodnje seitana omogućila je dobivanje konzistencije proizvoda vrlo slične vlaknastoj strukturi mesa. Seitan se može začiniti i pripremiti na mnogo različitih načina. Članak o seitanu na Wikipediji (En.) Recepti za jela sa seitanom (En.) Internet stranice o seitanu (En.) Generalne informacije o seitanu (En.) Tofu Tofu je tradicionalna azijska hrana i osnova zamjena za meso načinjenih od soje. Proizvodi se dodatkom ugrušivača u sojino mlijeko te tiskanjem nastalog ugrušenog proteina do postizanja odgovarajuće konzistencije. Tofu je lako probavljiv i sadrži sve esencijalne aminokiseline. Za razliku od seitana, tofu nema strukturu sličnu mesu, no može se začiniti na mnogo različitih načina te dimljenjem prevesti u delikatesan proizvod. Wikipedija člananci o tofuu (En.) Regionalni proizvođač tofua kao primjer (En.) Tofu je jedna od najzdravijih namirnica na svijetu (En.) SOJINO MESO Sojino meso, ili točnije; 'teksturirani biljni protein' (En. TVP – Textured Vegetable Protein) proizvodi se od sojinog zrna u mnogim azijskim zemljama. Metoda proizvodnje do određene mjere zahtijeva više rada, ali je zato finalni proizvod vlaknaste strukture vrlo slične mesu. Dodatkom različitih začina može se postići velika raznolikost okusa, a pored toga - sojino meso iznimno je bogato proteinima (sadrži preko 50% proteina). Članci o soji na Wikipediji (En.) Informacije o mesu od soje (En.) Tempeh Tempeh je tradicionalni indonezijski fermentirani proizvod koji se dobiva. Proizvodi se kontroliranom fermentacijom kuhanog sojina zrnja pomoću plijesni Rhizopus. Tijekom fermentacije, Rhizopus veže zrna soje u kompaktnu bijelu pogaču, no tempeh nije tako vlaknast kao meso. Tempeh se može upotrijebiti na mnogo različitih načina te sadrži mnogo vitamina iz B skupine (među ostalim) i visokog je udjela proteina i može se upotrijebiti na mnogo načina. Informacije o tempehu Članak na Wikipediji o tempehu (En.) Što je to tempeh? Quorn Quorn je inovacija iz engleske kompanije Marlow Foods. Proizvodi se iz fermentiranih gljiva koje su procesirane i teksturirane kako bi se nastao proizvod koji vrlo lako može biti zamijenjen za meso. Proizvodi od quorna uključuju odreske, pljeskavice, zamjenu za pileća prsa te nareske i gotova jela kao što su lazanje. Quorn je dostupan u supermarketima mnogih Europskih zemalja i u dijelovima Sjedinjenih Američkih Država. Međutim, quorn nije načinjen u potpunosti bez namirnica životinjskog podrijetla, jer se bjelanjak jajeta koristi kao vezivo. Quorn, početna stranica Clanak o Quornu na Wikipediji (En.) MEATLESS Sjemenke slatkih lupins (lupinus) mogu se koristiti u proizvodnji vegetarijanskog mesa. Meatless (prijevod s En. bez mesa, proizvod Meatless BV) je proizvod koji je u potpunosti sačinjen od biljnih vlakana lupine i pšenice. Vlakna se proizvode u različitim oblicima, okusima i bojama. Meatless se koristi u proizvodima koji su zamjena za meso kao u proizvodnji "hibridnih proizvoda" koji su mesni proizvodi, no u kojima je velik postotak mesa zamijenjen Meatless vlaknima. Meatless Home General Links Pregled proizvoda za Njemačku (Njem.) Tražilica prehrambenih proizvoda neživotinjskog podrijetla i vegetarijanskih restorana na vašem području sa IVU (International Vegetarian Union / Internacionalna vegetarijanska unija) Internet stranica Valsoja Italija - vegetarijansko meso Burgeri, ćevapi, odresci... kod Fry's Special Vegetarian (Južna Afrika, En.) healthy-eating.com, različite robne marke vegetarijanskog mesa (SAD, En.) Pural - izvrsni vegetarijanski riblji štapići... (Njem.) Topas - Zamjena za meso Wheaty (En.) Turtle Island Foods (SAD, Kanada, UK, En.)