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We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission. Here’s our process. Arthritis means joint inflammation, but the term is used to describe around 200 conditions that affect joints, the tissues that surround the joint, and other connective tissue. It is a rheumatic condition. The most common form of arthritis is osteoarthritis. Other common rheumatic conditions related to arthritis Rheumatic conditions tend to involve pain, aching, stiffness, and swelling in and around one or more joints. The symptoms can develop gradually or suddenly. Certain rheumatic conditions Some forms of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus (SLE), can affect multiple organs and cause widespread symptoms. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Arthritis is more common among adults aged 65 years or older, but it can affect people of all ages, including children. Fast facts on arthritis - Arthritis refers to around 200 rheumatic diseases and conditions that affect joints, including lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. - It can cause a range of symptoms and impair a person’s ability to perform everyday tasks. - Physical activity has a positive effect on arthritis and can improve pain, function, and mental health. - Factors in the development of arthritis include injury, abnormal metabolism, genetic makeup, infections, and immune system dysfunction. - Treatment aims to control pain, minimize joint damage, and improve or maintain quality of life. It involves medications, physical therapies, and patient education and support. Treatment for arthritis aims to control pain, minimize joint damage, and improve or maintain function and quality of life. A range of medications and lifestyle strategies can help achieve this and protect joints from further damage. Treatment - medications - non-pharmacologic therapies - physical or occupational therapy - splints or joint assistive aids - patient education and support - weight loss - surgery, including joint replacement Medication Non-inflammatory types of arthritis, such as osteoarthritis, are often treated with pain-reducing medications, physical activity, weight loss if the person is overweight, and self-management education. These treatments are also applied to inflammatory types of arthritis, such as RA, along with anti-inflammatory medications such as corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and a relatively new class of drugs known as biologics. Medications will depend on the type of arthritis. Commonly used drugs include: - Analgesics: these reduce pain, but have no effect on inflammation. Examples include acetaminophen (Tylenol), tramadol (Ultram) and narcotics containing oxycodone (Percocet, Oxycontin) or hydrocodone (Vicodin, Lortab). Tylenol is available to purchase online. - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): these reduce both pain and inflammation. NSAIDs include available to purchase over-the-counter or online, including ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) and naproxen sodium (Aleve). Some NSAIDs are available as creams, gels or patches which can be applied to specific joints. - Counterirritants: some creams and ointments contain menthol or capsaicin, the ingredient that makes hot peppers spicy. Rubbing these on the skin over a painful joint can modulate pain signals from the joint and lessen pain. Various creams are available to purchase online. - Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): used to treat RA, DMARDs slow or stop the immune system from attacking the joints. Examples include methotrexate (Trexall) and hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil). - Biologics: used with DMARDs, biologic response modifiers are genetically engineered drugs that target various protein molecules involved in the immune response. Examples include etanercept (Enbrel) and infliximab (Remicade). - Corticosteroids: prednisone and cortisone reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. A healthful, balanced diet with appropriate exercise, avoiding smoking, and not drinking excess alcohol can help people with arthritis maintain their overall health. Diet There is no specific diet that treats arthritis, but some types of food may help reduce inflammation. The following foods, found in a Mediterranean diet, can provide many nutrients that are good for joint health: - fish - nuts and seeds - fruits and vegetables - beans - olive oil - whole grains Foods to avoid There are some foods that people with arthritis may want to avoid. Nightshade vegetables, such as tomatoes, contain a chemical called solanine that some studies have linked with arthritis pain. Research findings are mixed when it comes to these vegetables, but some people have reported a reduction in arthritis symptoms when avoiding nightshade vegetables. Self-management Self-management of arthritis symptoms is also important. Key strategies include: - staying physically active - achieving and maintaining a healthy weight - getting regular check-ups with the doctor - protecting joints from unnecessary stress Seven habits that can help a person with arthritis to manage their condition are: - Being organized: keep track of symptoms, pain levels, medications, and possible side effects for consultations with your doctor. - Managing pain and fatigue: a medication regimen can be combined with non-medical pain management. Learning to manage fatigue is key to living comfortably with arthritis. - Staying active: exercise is beneficial for managing arthritis and overall health. - Balancing activity with rest: in addition to remaining active, rest is equally important when your disease is active. - Eating a healthful diet: a balanced diet can help you achieve a healthy weight and control inflammation. Avoid refined, processed foods and pro-inflammatory animal-derived foods and choose whole plant foods that are high in antioxidants and that have anti-inflammatory properties. - Improving sleep: poor sleep can aggravate arthritis pain and fatigue. Take steps to improve sleep hygiene so you find it easier to fall asleep and stay asleep. Avoid caffeine and strenuous exercise in the evenings and restrict screen-time just before sleeping. - Caring for joints: tips for protecting joints include using the stronger, larger joints as levers when opening doors, using several joints to spread the weight of an object such as using a backpack and gripping as loosely as possible by using padded handles. Do not sit in the same position for long periods. Take regular breaks to keep mobile. Physical therapies Doctors will often recommend a course of physical therapy to help patients with arthritis overcome some of the challenges and to reduce limitations on mobility. Forms of physical therapy that may be recommended include: - Warm water therapy: exercises in a warm-water pool. The water supports weight and puts less pressure on the muscles and joints - Physical therapy: specific exercises tailored to the condition and individual needs, sometimes combined with pain-relieving treatments such as ice or hot packs and massage - Occupational therapy: practical advice on managing everyday tasks, choosing specialized aids and equipment, protecting the joints from further damage and managing fatigue Physical activity Research suggests that although individuals with arthritis may experience short-term increases in pain when first beginning exercise, continued physical activity can be an effective way to People with arthritis can participate in joint-friendly physical activity on their own or with friends. As many people with arthritis have another condition, such as heart disease, it is important to choose appropriate activities. Joint-friendly physical activities that are appropriate for adults with arthritis and heart disease include: - walking - swimming - cycling A health care professional can help you find ways to live a healthful lifestyle and have a better quality of life. Natural therapies A number of natural remedies have been suggested for different types of arthritis. According to the organization Versus Arthritis, based in the United Kingdom (U.K.), some research has supported the use of devil’s claw, rosehip, and Boswellia, from the frankincense tree. Devil’s claw and Boswellia supplements can be purchased online. There is Various other herbs and spices have been recommended for RA, but again, more research is needed. They include turmeric, garlic, ginger, black pepper, and green tea. Many of these herbs and spices are available to purchase online in supplement form, including turmeric, ginger, and garlic. Anyone who is considering using natural remedies for any type of arthritis should speak to a doctor first. There is no single cause of all types of arthritis. The cause or causes vary according to the type or form of arthritis. Possible causes may include: - injury, leading to degenerative arthritis - abnormal metabolism, leading to gout and pseudogout - inheritance, such as in osteoarthritis - infections, such as in the arthritis of Lyme disease - immune system dysfunction, such as in RA and SLE Most types of arthritis are linked to a combination of factors, but some have no obvious cause and appear to be unpredictable in their emergence. Some people may be genetically more likely to develop certain arthritic conditions. Additional factors, such as previous injury, infection, smoking and physically demanding occupations, can interact with genes to further increase the risk of arthritis. Diet and nutrition can play a role in managing arthritis and the risk of arthritis, although specific foods, food sensitivities or intolerances are not known to cause arthritis. Foods that increase inflammation, particularly animal-derived foods and diets high in refined sugar, can make symptoms worse, as can eating foods that provoke an immune system response. Gout is one type of arthritis that is closely linked to diet, as it is caused by elevated levels of uric acid which can be a result of a diet high in purines. Diets that contain high-purine foods, such as seafood, red wine, and meats, can trigger a gout flare-up. Vegetables and other plant foods that contain high levels of purines do not appear to exacerbate gout symptoms, however. Risk factors for arthritis Certain risk factors have been associated with arthritis. Some of these are modifiable while others are not. Non-modifiable arthritis risk factors: - Age: the risk of developing most types of arthritis increases with age. - Sex: most types of arthritis are more common in females, and 60 percent of all people with arthritis are female. Gout is more common in males than females. - Genetic factors: specific genes are associated with a higher risk of certain types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and ankylosing spondylitis. Modifiable arthritis risk factors: - Overweight and obesity: excess weight can contribute to both the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis. - Joint injuries: damage to a joint can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis in that joint. - Infection: many microbial agents can infect joints and trigger the development of various forms of arthritis. - Occupation: certain occupations that involve repetitive knee bending and squatting are associated with osteoarthritis of the knee. Comorbidities More than half of adults in the U.S. with arthritis report high blood pressure. High blood pressure is associated with heart disease, the most common comorbidity among adults with arthritis. Around 1 in 5 of adults in the U.S. who have arthritis are smokers. Smoking is associated with chronic respiratory conditions, the second most common comorbidity among adults with arthritis. There are around 200 types of arthritis, or musculoskeletal conditions. These are split into seven main groups: - Inflammatory arthritis - Degenerative or mechanical arthritis - Soft tissue musculoskeletal pain - Back pain - Connective tissue disease - Infectious arthritis - Metabolic arthritis. Inflammatory arthritis Inflammation is a normal part of the body’s healing process. The inflammation tends to occur as a defense against viruses and bacteria or as a response to injuries such as burns. However, with inflammatory arthritis, inflammation occurs in people for no apparent reason. Inflammatory arthritis is characterized by damaging inflammation that does not occur as a normal reaction to injury or infection. This type of inflammation is unhelpful and instead causes damage in the affected joints, resulting in pain, stiffness and swelling. Inflammatory arthritis can affect several joints, and the inflammation can damage the surface of the joints and also the underlying bone. Examples of inflammatory arthritis include: - Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - Reactive arthritis - Ankylosing spondylitis - Arthritis associated with colitis or psoriasis The word “arthritis” means “joint inflammation,” but inflammation may also affect the tendons and ligaments surrounding the joint. Degenerative or mechanical arthritis Degenerative or mechanical arthritis refers to a group of conditions that mainly involve damage to the cartilage that covers the ends of the bones. The main job of the smooth, slippery cartilage is to help the joints glide and move smoothly. This type of arthritis causes the cartilage to become thinner and rougher. To compensate for the loss of cartilage and changes in joint function, the body begins to remodel the bone in an attempt to restore stability. This can cause undesirable bony growths to develop, called osteophytes. The joint can become misshapen. This condition is commonly called osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis can also result from previous damage to the joint such as a fracture or previous inflammation in the joint. Soft tissue musculoskeletal pain Soft tissue musculoskeletal pain is felt in tissues other than the joints and bones. The pain often affects a part of the body following injury or overuse, such as tennis elbow, and originates from the muscles or soft tissues supporting the joints. Pain that is more widespread and associated with other symptoms may indicate fibromyalgia. Back pain Back pain can arise from the muscles, discs, nerves, ligaments, bones, or joints. Back pain may stem from problems with organs inside the body. It can also be a result of referred pain, for example, when a problem elsewhere in the body leads to pain in the back. There may be a specific cause, such as osteoarthritis. This is often called spondylosis when it occurs in the spine. Imaging tests or a physical examination may detect this. A “slipped” disc is another cause of back pain, as is osteoporosis, or thinning of the bones. If a doctor cannot identify the exact cause of back pain, it is often described as “non-specific” pain. Connective tissue disease (CTD) Connective tissues support, bind together, or separate other body tissues and organs. They include tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. CTD involves joint pain and inflammation. The inflammation may also occur in other tissues, including the skin, muscles, lungs, and kidneys. This can result in various symptoms besides painful joints, and it may require consultation with a number of different specialists. Examples of CTD include: - SLE, or lupus - scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis - dermatomyositis. Infectious arthritis A bacterium, virus, or fungus that enters a joint can sometimes cause inflammation. Organisms that can infect joints include: - Salmonella and Shigella, spread through food poisoning or contamination - chlamydia and gonorrhea, which are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) - hepatitis C, a blood-to-blood infection that may be spread through shared needles or transfusions A joint infection can often be cleared with antibiotics or other antimicrobial medication. However, the arthritis can sometimes become chronic, and joint damage may be irreversible if the infection has persisted for some time. Metabolic arthritis Uric acid is a chemical created when the body breaks down substances called purines. Purines are found in human cells and several foods. Most uric acid dissolves in blood and travels to the kidneys. From there, it passes out in urine. Some people have high levels of uric, acid because they either naturally produce more than they need or their body cannot clear the uric acid quickly enough. Uric acid builds up and accumulates in some people and forms needle-like crystals in the joint, resulting in sudden spikes of extreme joint pain or a gout attack. Gout can either come and go in episodes or become chronic if uric acid levels are not reduced. It commonly affects a single joint or a small number of joints, such as the big toe and hands. It usually affects the extremities. One theory is that uric acid crystals form in cooler joints, away from the main warmth of the body. Some of the more common types of arthritis are discussed below. Rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) occurs when the body’s immune system attacks the tissues of the body, specifically connective tissue, leading to joint inflammation, pain, and degeneration of the joint tissue. Cartilage is a flexible, connective tissue in joints that absorb the pressure and shock created by movement like running and walking. It also protects the joints and allows for smooth movement. Persistent inflammation in the synovia leads to the degeneration of cartilage and bone. This can then lead to joint deformity, pain, swelling, and redness. RA can appear at any age and is associated with fatigue and prolonged stiffness after rest. RA Diagnosing RA early gives a better chance of learning how to manage symptoms successfully. This can reduce the impact of the disease on quality of life. Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease that The breakdown of these tissues eventually leads to pain and joint stiffness. The joints most often affected by osteoarthritis are those that get heavy use, such as hips, knees, hands, the spine, the base of the thumb, and the big toe joint. Childhood arthritis This can refer to a number of types of arthritis. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), also known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), is the Arthritis in childhood can cause permanent damage to joints, and there is no cure. However, remission is possible, during which time the disease remains inactive. It may be due to immune system problems. Septic arthritis This is thought to affect between 2 and 10 people in every 100,000 in the general population. Among people with RA, it may affect 30 to 70 people per 100,000. Septic arthritis is a joint inflammation that results from a bacterial or fungal infection. It commonly affects the knee and hip. It can develop when bacteria or other disease-causing micro-organisms spread through the blood to a joint, or when the joint is directly infected with a microorganism through injury or surgery. Bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae cause most cases of acute septic arthritis. Organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Candida albicans cause chronic septic arthritis. This is less common than acute septic arthritis. Septic arthritis may occur at any age. In infants, it may occur before the age of 3 years. The hip is a common site of infection at this age. Septic arthritis is uncommon from 3 years to adolescence. Children with septic arthritis are more likely than adults to be infected with Group B Streptococcus or Haemophilus influenzae if they have not been vaccinated. The incidence of bacterial arthritis caused by infection with H. influenzae has decreased by around 70 percent to 80 percent since the use of the H. influenzae b (Hib) vaccine became common. The following conditions increase the risk of developing septic arthritis: - existing joint disease or damage - artificial joint implants - bacterial infection elsewhere in the body - presence of bacteria in the blood - chronic illness or disease (such as diabetes, RA and sickle cell disease) - intravenous (IV) or injection drug use - medications that suppress the immune system - recent joint injury - recent joint arthroscopy or other surgery - conditions such as HIV, that weaken immunity - diabetes - older age Septic arthritis is a rheumatologic emergency as it can lead to rapid joint destruction. It can be fatal. Fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia affects an estimated It usually starts during middle age or after, but it can affect children. Fibromyalgia can involve: - widespread pain - sleep disturbance - fatigue - depression - problems with thinking and remembering The person may experience abnormal pain processing, where they reacts strongly to something that other people would not find painful. There may also be tingling or numbness in the hands and feet, pain in the jaw, and digestive problems. The causes of fibromyalgia are unknown, but some factors have been loosely associated with disease onset: - stressful or traumatic events - post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - injuries due to repetitive movements - illness, for example viral infections - having lupus, RA, or chronic fatigue syndrome - family history - obesity It is more common among females. Psoriatic arthritis Psoriatic arthritis is a joint problem that often occurs with a skin condition called psoriasis. It is thought to affect between 0.3 and 1 percent of the population in the U.S., and between 6 and 42 percent of people with psoriasis. Most people who have psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis develop psoriasis first and then psoriatic arthritis, but joint problems can occasionally occur before skin lesions appear. The exact cause of psoriatic arthritis is not known, but it appears to involve the immune system attacking healthy cells and tissue. The abnormal immune response causes inflammation in the joints and an overproduction of skin cells. Damage to the joints can result. Factors that increase the risk, include: - having psoriasis - family history - being aged from 30 to 50 year People with psoriatic arthritis tend to have a Gout Gout is a rheumatic disease that happens when uric acid crystals, or monosodium urate, form in body tissues and fluids. It happens when the body produces too much uric acid or does not excrete enough uric acid. Acute gout normally appears as a severely red, hot, and swollen joint and severe pain. Risk factors include: - overweight or obesity - hypertension - alcohol intake - use of diuretics - a diet rich in meat and seafood - some common medicines - poor kidney function Long periods of remission are possible, followed by flares lasting from days to weeks. Sometimes it can be chronic. Recurrent attacks of acute gout can lead to a degenerative form of chronic arthritis called gouty arthritis. Sjögren’s syndrome Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that sometimes occurs alongside RA and SLE. It involves the destruction of glands that produce tears and saliva. This causes dryness in the mouth and eyes and in other areas that usually need moisture, such as the nose, throat, and skin. It can also affect the joints, lungs, kidneys, blood vessels, digestive organs, and nerves. Sjögren’s syndrome typically affects in adults aged 40 to 50 years, and especially women. According to a study in Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, in It could affect the lungs, liver, or kidneys, or it could lead to skin vasculitis, peripheral neuropathy, glomerulonephritis, and low levels of a substance known as C4. These all indicate a link between Sjögren’s and the immune system. If these tissues are affected, there is a high risk of developing non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Scleroderma Scleroderma refers to a group of diseases Scar-like tissue builds up in the skin and causes damage. The cause is currently unknown. It often affects people between the ages of Scleroderma affects individuals differently. The complications Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) SLE, commonly known as lupus, is an autoimmune disease where the immune system produces antibodies to cells within the body It can appear at any age, but onset is Lupus can affect the joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys, blood vessels, and other tissues. Symptoms include fatigue, pain or swelling in joints, skin rashes, and fevers. The cause remains unclear, but it could be linked to genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. The symptoms of arthritis that appear and how they appear vary widely, depending on the type. They can develop gradually or suddenly. As arthritis is most often a chronic disease, symptoms may come and go, or persist over time. However, anyone who experiences any of the following four key warning signs should see a doctor. - Pain: Pain from arthritis can be constant, or it may come and go. It may affect only one part, or be felt in many parts of the body - Swelling: In some types of arthritis the skin over the affected joint becomes red and swollen and feels warm to the touch - Stiffness. Stiffness is a typical symptom. With some types, this is most likely upon waking up in the morning, after sitting at a desk, or after sitting in a car for a long time. With other types, stiffness may occur after exercise, or it may be persistent. - Difficulty moving a joint: If moving a joint or getting up from a chair is hard or painful, this could indicate arthritis or another joint problem. Rheumatoid arthritis RA is a systemic disease, so it usually affects the joints on both sides of the body equally. The joints of the wrists, fingers, knees, feet and ankles are the most commonly affected. Joint symptoms may include: - morning stiffness, lasting more than 1 hour - pain, often in the same joints on both sides of the body - loss of range of motion of joints, possibly with deformity Other symptoms include: - chest pain when breathing in, due to pleurisy - dry eyes and mouth, if Sjögren’s syndrome is present - eye burning, itching, and discharge - nodules under the skin, usually a sign of more severe disease - numbness, tingling, or burning in the hands and feet - sleep difficulties Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is usually a result of wear and tear on the joints. It will affect joints that have been overworked more than others. People with osteoarthritis may experience the following symptoms: - pain and stiffness in the joints - pain that becomes worse after exercise or pressure on the joint - rubbing, grating, or crackling sound when a joint is moved - morning stiffness - pain that causes sleep disturbances Some people may have changes linked to osteoarthritis that show up in an x-ray, but they do not experience symptoms. Osteoarthritis typically affects some joints more than others, such as the left or right knee, shoulder or wrist. Childhood arthritis Symptoms of childhood arthritis include: - a joint that is swollen, red, or warm - a joint that is stiff or limited in movement - limping or difficulty using an arm or leg - a sudden high fever that may come and go - a rash on the trunk and extremities that comes and goes with the fever - symptoms throughout the body, such as pale skin, swollen lymph glands - generally appearing unwell Juvenile RA can also cause eye problems including uveitis, iridocyclitis, or iritis. If eye symptoms do occur they can include: - red eyes - eye pain, especially when looking at light - vision changes. Septic arthritis Symptoms of septic arthritis occur rapidly. There is often: - fever - intense joint pain that becomes more severe with movement - joint swelling in one joint Symptoms in newborns or infants include: - crying when the infected joint is moved - fever - inability to move the limb with the infected joint - irritability Symptoms in children and adults include: - inability to move the limb with the infected joint - intense joint pain, swelling, and redness - fever. Chills sometimes occur but are an uncommon symptom. Fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia may trigger - widespread pain, often with specific tender points - sleep disturbance - fatigue - psychological stress - morning stiffness - tingling or numbness in hands and feet - headaches, including migraines - irritable bowel syndrome - problems with thinking and memory, sometimes called “fibro fog” - Painful menstrual periods and other pain syndromes Psoriatic arthritis Symptoms of psoriatic arthritis may be mild and involve only a few joints such as the end of the fingers or toes. Severe psoriatic arthritis can affect multiple joints, including the spine. Spinal symptoms are usually felt in the lower spine and sacrum. These consist of stiffness, burning, and pain. People with psoriatic arthritis often have the skin and nail changes of psoriasis, and the skin gets worse at the same time as the arthritis. Gout Symptoms of gout involve: - pain and swelling, often in the big toe, knee, or ankle joints - sudden pain, often during the night, which may be throbbing, crushing, or excruciating - warm and tender joints that appear red and swollen - fever sometimes occurs After having gout for many years, a person can develop tophi. Tophi are lumps below the skin, typically around the joints or apparent on fingertips and ears. Multiple, small tophi may develop, or a large white lump. This can cause deformation and stretching of the skin. Sometimes, tophi burst and drain spontaneously, oozing a white, chalky substance. Tophi that are beginning to break through the skin can lead to infection or osteomyelitis. Some patients will need urgent surgery to drain the tophus. Sjögren’s syndrome Symptoms of Sjögren’s syndrome include: - dry and itchy eyes, and a feeling that something is in the eye - dry mouth - difficulty swallowing or eating - loss of sense of taste - problems speaking - thick or stringy saliva - mouth sores or pain - hoarseness - fatigue - fever - change in color of hands or feet - joint pain or joint swelling - swollen glands Scleroderma Symptoms of scleroderma may include: - fingers or toes that turn blue or white in response to cold temperatures, known as Raynaud’s phenomenon - hair loss - skin that becomes darker or lighter than normal - stiffness and tightness of skin on the fingers, hands, forearm, and face - small white lumps beneath the skin that sometimes ooze a white substance that looks like toothpaste - sores or ulcers on the fingertips or toes - tight and mask-like skin on the face - numbness and pain in the feet - pain, stiffness, and swelling of the wrist, fingers, and other joints - dry cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing - gastrointestinal problems, such as bloating after meals, constipation, and diarrhea - difficulty swallowing - esophageal reflux or heartburn Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) The most - red rash or color change on the face, often in the shape of a butterfly across the nose and cheeks - painful or swollen joints - unexplained fever - chest pain when breathing deeply - swollen glands - extreme fatigue - unusual hair loss - pale or purple fingers or toes from cold or stress - sensitivity to the sun - low blood count - depression, trouble thinking or memory problems. Other signs are mouth sores, unexplained seizures, hallucinations, repeated miscarriages, and unexplained kidney problems.
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Jaka bol u zglobovima liječenja nogu, Bolovi u zglobovima prstiju šake - forreststanley.com Sadržaj Select Page Najčešći uzroci oticanja zglobova i kada se treba zabrinuti Zglobovi su strukture koje povezuju dvije ili više kostiju u tijelu. Nalaze se u stopalima, gležnjevima, koljenima, kukovima, rukama i mnogim drugim dijelovima tijela. Zglobovi su okruženi i obloženi mekim tkivima. Do oticanja zglobova dolazi kada se poveća količina tekućine u tkivima koja okružuju zglobove. Bol, ukočenost ili oboje mogu pratiti oticanje zglobova. Također možete primijetiti da je zahvaćeni zglob veći od normalnog ili nepravilnog oblika. FIZIKALNI PREGLED Oticanje zglobova može biti simptom kroničnog stanja, kao što je artritis ili ozljede koja zahtijeva liječničku pomoć, kao što je dislokacija. Otečeni zglob može biti simptom sljedećih zdravstvenih stanja: Osteoartritis OA — obično se javlja u starijoj životnoj dobi ili nakon ozljede te dolazi do habanja ili propadanja zglobne hrskavice kojom su obloženi krajevi kostiju. OA može uzrokovati oticanje zglobova koji nose težinu tijela kao što su koljena, bokovi, stopala i kralježnica. Osim bolova u zahvaćenom otečenom zglobu, osoba se ne osjeća bolesno niti umorno. Reumatoidni artritis RA — je upalni artritis koji se može javiti u bilo kojoj dobi, čak i kod male djece. RA uzrokuje bolne, ukočene i otečene zglobove. Obično RA pogađa ruke, stopala i koljena, ali može utjecati i na većinu zglobova u drugim dijelovima tijela. Podijelite članak Simptomi RA mogu ometati svakodnevne aktivnosti. Giht — obično se pojavljuje iznenada s jakim bolovima u zglobovima, oteklinama, toplinom i crvenilom, često u velikom palcu u oko 50 posto slučajeva. Giht uzrokuje bolan, otečen zglob toliko jak da čak težina posteljine može uzrokovati neugodu. Obično bolesnik trpi bolove samo u jednom zglobu, ali ponekad giht može utjecati na više od jednog zgloba. Kod gihta, mokraćna kiselina koja se normalna nalazi u tijelu, stvara kristale koji se talože u zglobovima, uzrokujući upalu i bol. Kristali se također mogu taložiti u drugim područjima te postanu kvržice ispod kože ili bubrežni kamenci. Liječenje osteoartritisa zgloba nožnog palca Ankilozantni spondilitis — jaka bol u zglobovima liječenja nogu kronična upalna reumatska sistemska bolest. Riječ ankiloza znači ukočenje, a spondilitis označava upalu kralježaka, odnosno kralježnice. Osim na kralježnici bolest se može očitovati i na tetivama i tetivnim hvatištima, česte su i promijene na koži. Bolest se ubraja u skupinu bolesti koje se nazivaju seronegativnim spondiloartritisima. Bolest se može pojaviti u bilo kojoj dobi, a češća je kod muškaraca. Bolovi u zglobovima prstiju šake uslijed bolesti zglobova Psorijatični artritis. Psorijatični artritis je upalna bolest zglobova koja je povezana sa psorijazom, stanjem kože. Do 30 posto osoba sa psorijazom razvit će psorijatični artritis. Simptomi su bol i ukočenost uslijed upale koja se javlja ujutro ili nakon odmora, ali simptomi mogu trajati i cijeli dan. Zglobovi mogu biti natečeni i topli na dodir. Infektivni artritis — zarazni artritis ili septički artritis je bol u zglobovima u noć bakterijske, virusne ili gljivične infekcije tkiva i tekućine u zglobu. Zglobove zahvaća obično nakon prethodne infekcije u tijelu. Što uzrokuje bol u stopalu? Infekcija putuje u zglob preko krvotoka iz drugog dijela tijela, kao što je koža, nos, grlo, uši ili postojeća rana. Za nekoliko sati ili dana, razvijaju se bol, upala, otečeni zglobovi i vrućica. Zglobova najčešće pogođeni s infektivnim artritisom su koljena, kukovi, ramena, gležnjevi. Oštećeni zglobovi osjetljiviji su na infekcije. Uobičajeni bakterijski uzroci infektivnog artritisa su Neisseria gonorrhoeae i Staphylococcus aureus. Neke zglobne infekcije mogu biti uzrokovane s više od jednog organizma. Ozljede zglobova — mogu uzrokovati bolne, otečene zglobove i ukočenost. Ponekad, bol u zglobovima može biti uzrokovana zbog ozlijede mišića, tetiva i ligamenata koji okružuju zglob te dolazi do burzitisa upala malih vrećica ispunjenih sluzi u zglobovimatendonitisa oštećenje i upala tetive mišićadislokacije, naprezanja, uganuća i frakture. - Najčešći razlog boli u stopalu je artritis. - Knjiga artroza riješiti se bolova u zglobovima - Većina problema koji nastaju u zglobu gležnja posljedica su anatomskih promjena ili ozljeda struktura zgloba koje nisu liječene na pravi način te nakon mnogo godina počinju stvarati problem. - Liječenje osteoartritisa zgloba nožnog palca | Cochrane - Tablete protiv bolova u zglobu ramena - Artroza liječenje pčela uboda - Uvod Brojne dječje bolesti mogu dovesti do bolova u ekstremitetima. - Ljepota i zdravlje Bolovi u zglobovima prstiju šake uslijed bolesti zglobova Bolovi u zglobovima prstiju šake mogu se pojaviti kao posljedica nekih bolesti kostiju i zglobova. Simptomi otečenih zglobova uključuju: Duboka, jaka bol — postoje mnogi uzroci boli. Jedan od načina razlikovanja uzroka boli je podjela u nociceptivnu i neuropatsku bol. Kako se bol tretira ovisi u velikoj mjeri o tome kakva je to vrsta boli. Primjeri nociceptivne boli su ozljeda ili slomljena kost. Oštećenje tkiva ili ozljeda iniciraju signale koji se kroz periferne živce prenose u mozak preko leđne moždine te postajemo svjesni boli. Neuropatska bol je bol uzrokovana oštećenjem ili bolešću koja pogađa živčani sustav. Ponekad nema očitog izvora boli, a ta se bol može pojaviti spontano. Klasični primjer ove boli su šindre zarazne skupine bolesti uzrokovane infekcijom i dijabetička periferna neuropatija. Bol se može pojaviti nakon rezanja živaca ili nakon moždanog udara. Osjećaj topline na dodir — pojavljuje se kao simptom u mnogim normalnim i abnormalnim stanjima. Primjerice toplina zglobova je normalni dio procesa zacjeljivanja nakon jaka bol u zglobovima liječenja nogu zamjene zglobova artroplastika. Ozljede, uključujući frakture, modrice i krvarenje u zglob, mogu dovesti do topline zglobova. Toplina zglobova također može biti posljedica bolesti ili ozljede zgloba koji uzrokuju upalu. Ove bolesti i ozljede uključuju artritis, kao što je reumatoidni artritis i psorijatični artritis, kao i infekciju koja izravno ili neizravno uključuje zglob, kao što su bakterije ili virusi i septički artritis, Osgood-Schlatterova bolest, povrede ponavljajućeg gibanja, celulitis, prijeloma, dislociranog koljena, bolesti srpastih stanica, apscesa, pretilosti, naprezanja koljena, reumatske groznice, poderanog meniskusa, sindroma patelofemoralne boli. Krutost ukočenost zglobova — je osjećaj poteškoće pri kretanju zgloba ili očigledan gubitak raspona pokreta zgloba. Ovisno o uzroku ukočenosti zgloba ili zglobova, može biti prisutno crvenilo, osjetljivost, toplina, trnci ili obamrlost zahvaćenog područja. Ukočenost zglobova može biti uzrokovana ozljedom ili bolešću zgloba i čest je simptom artritisa. Oštećenja zglobova, uključujući krutost, jaka bol u zglobovima liječenja nogu se pojaviti i nakon ozljede zgloba. Ponekad ozljede ili upale susjednih područja, kao što je upala burza, mogu uzrokovati bol koja može ograničiti kretanje zgloba i biti percipirana kao jaka bol u zglobovima liječenja nogu zglobova. Bol u zglobovima također se naziva artralgija. Crvenilo zglobova — odnosi se na crvenilo kože oko zgloba. Često ga može pratiti: toplina, oticanje zglobova, ograničen raspon pokreta, krutost zglobova ili bol u zglobovima. Crvenilo zglobova je uobičajeno kod aktivnog artritisa kao što je reumatoidni artritis. Bol u nogama u dječjoj dobi Crvenilo se također može razviti zbog ozljede zgloba ili okolnih struktura. Ovisno o točnom uzroku, crvenilo zglobova može se pojaviti u jednom zglobu ili može biti uključeno više zglobova u tijelu. Postoje mnogi uzroci artritisa, a svi su uzroci crvenila zglobova. Tumori kosti ili zglobne sluznice sinovije su vrlo rijetki uzroci simptoma zglobova, uključujući crvenilo. Slučajevi u kojima natečeni zglobovi mogu biti simptom nekih vrlo ozbiljnih bolesti Oticanje nogu može biti simptom nekih ozbiljnijih bolesti bubrega, jetre i srca. Pacijenti kojima se to događa uglavnom znaju svoje dijagnoze i svjesni su da je oticanje posljedica bolesti. Također je važno znati da nije svako oticanje posljedica neke teške i ozbiljne bolesti, zglobovi mogu oticati uslijed duljeg sjedenja ili stajanje te zbog vrućine. Zglobna bol, monoartikularna Ali ako su zglobovi duže vrijeme otečeni, a to je praćeno drugim simptomima potrebno je obvezno potražiti savjet liječnika. Ne tretiraju se svi otečeni zglobovi na isti način, liječenje otečenih zglobova ovisi o problemu ili dijagnozi. Ali svim oboljelim, se preporučuje promjena stila života koja podrazumijeva kretanje ili vježbe prilagođene bolesti te promjenu prehrambenih navika što podrazumijeva isključivanje namirnica koje potiču upalu u tijelu kao i upotrebu dodataka prehrani kao i krema koje olakšavaju bol i smanjuju upalu.