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STRATEGIJA2.6 6/18/03 5:12 PM Page 160 that does not mean that with the change of the power of one party it should be placed under pressure from the authority of another party; if privileges were granted to one group at one moment, that does not mean that after political changes preferential treat ment should be awarded to others. The resolution of these and similar issues constitutes the very substance of structural reforms, which go in two directions: toward autonomous decision making and toward the autonomous financing of culture. The Government s overall policy toward decentralization in decision making has already transferred considerable central government authority to local self governing units. This has happened in culture as well, for example, in abolishing the minister s powers in appointing various directors, granting approval for specific programs, and other ele ments affecting the work of cultural institutions. However, the issue of decentralizing culture seems a less important democratic issue than the question of its demonopoliza tion. While the decentralization of decision making still does not mean the demonopo lization of decision making, demonopolization itself in effect implies decentralization; the demonopolization of decision making seems to be the key issue in cultural manage ment including, as it does, not only the need of demonopolizing the state in favor of pro fessionals, but also demonopolization within the profession itself. The Law on Cultural Councils adopted by Parliament in 2001, which provides for co decision making in culture whereby the representatives of various cultural structures in specific cultural fields make decisions on cultural policy, is most probably the greatest advance to date toward the autonomy of culture, the strengthening of powers and respon sibilities of professionals in culture, as well as the development of social capacities for cultural management. The scope of competence of cultural councils, not only in regard to the allocation of bud getary funds to culture consumers but also in regard to the setting of cultural preferences, encompasses all previous governmental powers. This presupposes transparent public decision making, which has inaugurated historically new relations between culture and the state, in favor of independent culture that is not without social responsibility but is free from the constraints, ranging from political subjugation to cliental dependency that falsify its values. The second, equally important, foundation of the autonomy of culture is reflected in the introduction of a new tax policy aimed at opening up new financial sources, particular footer Copyright 2006, Gamahosting.net. Sva prava zadrzana. web hosting hrvatska
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STRATEGIJA2.6 6/18/03 5:12 PM Page 12 danjem ovlasti ministra pri imenovanju pojedinih ravnatelja, davanja suglasnosti na poje dine programske i druge elemente rada kulturnih ustanova i sl. Me utim, pitanje decen tralizacije kulture Eini se manje va nim demokratskim pitanjem od pitanja njene demo nopolizacije, tj. dok decentralizacija odluEivanja jo ne znaEi i demonopolizaciju odluEi vanja, sama demonopolizacija ujedno je i decentralizacija: demonopolizacija odluEiva nja Eini se kljuEnim pitanjem upravljanja u kulturi i ona obuhvaEa ne samo potrebu demonopolizacije dr ave u korist struke, nego i demonopolizaciju unutar same struke. Zakon o kulturnim vijeEima koji je donesen u Saboru 2001. te koji predvi a suodluEi vanje u kulturi, tako da odluke kulturne politike donose predstavnici raznih kulturnih struktura za pojedina podruEja kulture, vjerojatno je do sada najveEi iskorak u smjeru razvitka autonomnosti kulture, jaEanja ovlasti i odgovornosti samih kulturnih djelatnika te razvijanja dru tvenih sposobnosti prema funkcijama upravljanja u kulturi. Ingerencije kulturnih vijeEa koje se odnose ne samo na razdiobu proraEunskih sredstava prema kul turnim korisnicima nego i na odre ivanje kulturnih preferencija, dakle idu cijelim po ljem ranijih ovlasti uprave, za pretpostaviti je, u kombinaciji s transparentno Eu odluEi vanja pred licem javnosti, otvaraju povijesno nove odnose kulture i dr ave u korist one nezavisnosti kulture koja nije li ena dru tvenih odgovornosti, ali je oslobo ena onih stega koje falsificiraju njene vrijednosti od politiEke podEinjenosti do klijentelistiEke ovisnosti. Druga, jednako va na podloga autonomnosti kulture osloba a se putem nove porezne politike koja ima za cilj otvaranje novih izvora financiranja, takvih koja vezuju gospo darske i kulturne interese. Neposredno, priznaju se posebne porezne olak ice onima koji se odluEe ulagati u kulturu i poticati stvarala tvo umjetnika ili umjetniEkih organizacija. Ostvarene olak ice u smislu osloba anja od poreza na dodanu vrijednost, najprije stranih donacija, a zatim i samostalnih umjetnika i umjetniEkih organizacija, pa i usluga prikazi vanja filmova, neosporno se pozitivno prepoznaju veE pukim pokazateljem naglog po rasta registriranih kulturnih udruga i umjetniEkih organizacija. Uz to, pro irena je i pri lago ena suvremenim trendovima i tehnologijama usko definirana pogodnost osloba a nja od poreza knjiga tiskanih na klasiEnim materijalima i na ostale, moderne nositelje teksta (CD ROM, video i audio kaseta i disketa). Novi samonikli asortiman kulturnog stvarala tva tek Eemo moEi pratiti s obzirom na paralelnost njegova nastanka sa samom izradom ove strategije. Tako er, posljedice novog poreznog zakonodavstva, koje sva footer Copyright 2006, Gamahosting.net. Sva prava zadrzana. web hosting hrvatska