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[wpseo_breadcrumb] If you are looking to get all your answers on blood pressure or hypertension, then my friend, you are at the right place. The most important challenge in tackling hypertension or high blood pressure is the lack of information. In this article, I have tried to cover all the common/important blood pressure questions generally people have with their clear and crisp answers. Frequently Asked Blood Pressure Questions (FAQs) Here are answers to some of the most common hypertension questions: Q 1 – What is blood pressure? Why do we need it? Ans – Our body is supplied with blood and our heart is responsible for spreading the blood to the whole body. For this to happen, pressure has to be created in all the tubes that connect each part of the body with heart. This pressure is known as blood pressure. If the blood pressure is low, it will not spread in the whole body, and this is why we need the blood pressure. Q 2 – What is “mmHg”? Ans – mmHg is a unit of pressure which stands for a millimetre of the mercury. The blood pressure is expressed as the pressure that can raise the mercury level in a column by one millimetre. It is currently defined as exactly 133.322387415 pascals (Pa). Q 3 – What is normal blood pressure? Ans – According to the American Heart Association (AHA), an optimum blood pressure level should be under 120/80 mmHg or 120 systolic pressure over 80 diastolic pressure. Q 4 – What is systolic blood pressure? Ans –Systolic blood pressure is the pressure which blood exerts against the artery walls during the contraction of heart muscles, i.e. when the heart squeezes it pushes the blood with pressure to help it reach the whole body. It is the pure blood that is pumped out from the heart’s left ventricle. The ideal systolic blood pressure is 120 mmHg or below. Q 5 – What is diastolic blood pressure? Ans – Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure of blood against the artery walls when the heart relaxes i.e. when the heart rests between beats. The ideal diastolic blood pressure is 80 mmHg or below. Q 6 – Which is more important? Systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure Ans – Systolic blood pressure is more important than diastolic blood pressure as it gives the best indication of your risk of having a heart attack or stroke. For example, having a blood pressure of 150/80 mmHg is riskier than having a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg. Q 7 – What is hypertension? Ans – Hypertension is a medical word used to represent high blood pressure. When the blood pressure is above 130/90 mmHg, it is termed as hypertension. It is a very common condition that is found all across the globe and can increase the risk of stroke, heart diseases, and death. Q 8 – What is isolated systolic hypertension? Ans – When your systolic blood pressure is high (above 130 mmHg) but your diastolic blood pressure is normal (below 80 mmHg), it is known as isolated systolic hypertension. Isolated systolic hypertension is more common as people get older and needs to be treated. Q 9 – What is isolated diastolic hypertension? Ans – When your systolic blood pressure is normal (below 130 mmHg) but your diastolic blood pressure is high (above 90 mmHg), it is known as isolated diastolic hypertension. It is less risky than isolated systolic hypertension but it has been seen that people with high diastolic hypertension often develop high systolic hypertension over time. Q 10 – How blood pressure is measured? Ans – Blood pressure is measured using a blood pressure machine known as sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Follow the step by step process below to measure your blood pressure: - Wrap the cuff around the upper arm over the artery which supplies blood to the hand - Inflate the cuff using a pump which compresses the blood flow in the artery - Now, release the pressure, as the cuff deflates the use a stethoscope to listen to the blood moving through the artery and monitor the gauge connect with it to note the blood pressure - The first sound you hear through the stethoscope is the systolic pressure - The point where this sound disappears marks your diastolic pressure Here are some of the best digital blood pressure monitors for daily monitoring of your blood pressure. Q 11 – What is Mean Blood Pressure? Ans – Mean blood pressure is defined as the average blood pressure which is present in a person’s arteries during one cardiac cycle. It can be calculated as: Diastolic pressure + 1/3 (Systolic blood pressure – diastolic blood pressure) For example, your blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg, then your mean blood pressure will be: Q 12 – Does blood pressure varies according to age? Ans – Yes, blood pressure is usually low in children as compared to adults. Normal blood pressure in infants is 80/45 mmHg, while that in teenagers, it is around 110/70 mmHg. It has been observed that systolic pressure rises with age, while the diastolic pressure tends to fall. Q 13 – What happens in low blood pressure or hypotension? Ans – In low blood pressure, a person’s heart is unable to supply blood to the whole body, which results in a deficiency of the blood in every part of the body. During low blood pressure, a person may feel weakness, giddiness, fatigue, and sometimes blackout. Q 14 – How to diagnose low blood pressure/ hypotension? Ans – Some of the symptoms of low blood pressure are dizziness, fatigue, nausea, blurred vision, etc. A person having these symptoms should get his/her BP checked. If the blood pressure is below 110/70 mmHg, it can be termed as low blood pressure. Q 15 – What are the causes of low blood pressure? Ans – Low blood pressure generally occurs due to: - Vitamin deficiency - Wrong food habits - Loss of body fluid due to diarrhoea - Blood loss - Pregnancy Q 16 – How to treat low blood pressure? Ans – In most cases, people do not need medications to raise blood pressure. Here are some of the natural methods which can help treat low blood pressure: - Increase salt in the diet - Drink more water - Have a cup of coffee or tea - Avoid alcoholic beverages - Eat small meals frequently - Cross legs while sitting - Have a balanced meal with fruits, vegetables, eggs, fish, lean meat, nuts, dairy products, etc. Q 17 – What are the grades of hypertension? Ans – The grades of hypertension are described below: Q 18 – What is labile hypertension? Ans – Labile hypertension is a condition that occurs when a person’s blood pressure suddenly changes from normal to abnormally high levels such as 200 mmHg. Labile hypertension is usually caused due to high stress and anxiety. Q 19 – What is pre-hypertension? Ans – Pre-hypertension, also known as Stage 1 hypertension, is the first stage of hypertension wherein the blood pressure ranges from 120/80 mmHg to 139/89 mmHg. Pre-hypertension does not need any medication and can be controlled with proper diet and exercises. Q 20 – Is blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg normal? Ans – No, it’s not. According to the older studies, the blood pressure 140/90 mmHg was considered normal but as per the current studies, 120/80 mmHg is the latest normal range. Q 21 – There was the dictum that systolic blood pressure is age + 100. Is it correct? Ans – No, it is not correct. Earlier, it was believed that the blood pressure rises with age and the blood pressure level of 150 mmHg at the age of 50 is normal. But, as per the latest pronouncement, normal blood pressure should remain at 120/80 mmHg at all ages. Q 22 – What are the different types of blood pressure monitors available in the market? Ans – There are three types of blood pressure monitors available in the market: - Mercury blood pressure monitor - Aneroid blood pressure monitor - Digital blood pressure monitor To know more about each type of blood pressure monitor along with their pros and cons, visit here: Blood Pressure Monitoring Guide Q 23 – What happens during high blood pressure? Ans – During high blood pressure, the small arteries called arterioles gets tightened due to which heart has to work harder to pump the blood through the smaller space. This results in the growth of pressure inside the vessels. If a blood clot blocks blood flow to your heart or brain, a heart attack or stroke can occur. Q 24 – How often should blood pressure be checked? Ans – If your blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg, you can get it checked at least every two years. If it is between 120/80 mmHg and 139/89 mmHg, get it checked at least every year. If your blood pressure is 140/90 or higher, you need to see a doctor and may require to start the medication. In this case, check your blood pressure more frequently to monitor the progress in your blood pressure. Q 25 – Should I check my blood pressure at home? Ans – Monitoring blood pressure at home is important especially for those who have high blood pressure. Regular monitoring of blood pressure helps you and your doctor to track your progress and whether the treatment is working or not. Q 26 – What are the causes of high blood pressure? Ans – The exact causes of high blood pressure are still unknown. But some of the reasons which play a role in elevating blood pressure are: - Stress - Obesity - Low physical activity - High salt intake - Smoking - High alcohol consumption - Genetics Q 27 – What are the symptoms of high blood pressure? Ans – The majority of the people who are suffering from mild to moderate hypertension do not have any symptoms. But, some people having high blood pressure may experience: - Severe headache - Fatigue - Shortness of breath - Chest pain - Nose bleeding - Vision-related problems - Dizziness Q 28 – How to diagnose high blood pressure? Ans – The best way to diagnose high blood pressure is by measuring your blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer. If it is above 130/90 mmHg, check your blood pressure again for two-three times. If the reading continues to be higher than normal, you can cross-check it with your doctor for final confirmation and consultation regarding medication. Q 29 – What is primary hypertension? Ans – Primary hypertension, also known as essential hypertension, is a high blood pressure condition that does not have a known secondary cause. It occurs in about 90 to 95% of cases and is often linked to stress, family history, smoking, lack of physical activity, obesity, high salt intake, etc. Q 30 – What is secondary hypertension? Ans – Secondary hypertension is a high blood pressure condition in which the cause of high blood pressure is known such as kidney problems, sleep apnea, pregnancy, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), smoking, alcohol, etc. This type of hypertension can be controlled or cured. Q 31 – What is white coat hypertension? Ans – White coat hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure readings of the patients are higher than usual when measured in a medical environment or at a hospital/clinic and is normal when measured at home. “White coat” in the term refers to the white coat worn by doctors. People having white coat hypertension are advised to measure their blood pressure readings at home and keep their records. Q 32 – What investigations or medical tests are recommended for hypertension? Ans – Routine laboratory tests which should be performed on patients with hypertension include: - Urine test (Grade D) - Blood tests (Grade D) - Cholesterol tests (Grade C) - Blood Sugar tests (Grade D) - Electrocardiogram - X-ray to rule out the enlargement of the heart Q 33 – What is ambulatory blood pressure monitoring? Ans – Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is the measurement of blood pressure at regular intervals with the help of a portable ambulatory blood pressure machine. The patient wore this machine on the body which takes the reading of your blood pressure throughout the day. It is generally used by people with white coat hypertension to get the correct reading. Q 34 – How to treat hypertension? Ans – If blood pressure is slightly higher, then it can be controlled with a good diet such as low salt intake, avoiding smoking or alcohol, and reducing stress levels through medication and regular exercises. But in case the blood pressure is much higher than 130/90 mmHg, you might have to take medicines along with exercise and diet modification. Q 35 – What roles does medicine play in treating hypertension? Ans – Medicines play a significant role in reducing high blood pressure. Some of the medicines stop the leakage of calcium ions in the arteries. They also stop the secretion of angiotensin hormone, extract sodium from blood to help keep the blood pressure within the normal range. For this to happen, the patient might have to take medicines for a long time. Q 36 – Which medicines can be used in hypertension? Ans – Here are a group of medicines which can be used to treat hypertension: - Alpha-blockers (Hytrin, Cardura, and Minipress) - Beta-blockers (Tenormin, Inderal, Tenolol) - Calcium channel blockers (Amcard, Amdepin, Amlo) - ACE inhibitors (Listil, Enace, Ramace) - Diuretics (Diuril, Oretic, Hygroton) - Angiotensin II receptor blockers (Losar, Losar-H, Repace) - Central acting agent (Arkamin, Catapress, Tenex) - Direct vasodilators (Cardif, Depin, Nitrepin) Q 37 – What are alpha blockers? Ans – Alpha blockers are used to reduce the effects of adrenaline and non-adrenaline hormones in the body. These hormones are responsible for narrowing the blood vessels which makes the heart work more. If the heart rate increases, the blood pressure also increases. They are also known to improve the flow of urine. Some of the alpha blockers are: Hytrin, Cardura, and Minipress. Q 38 – What are beta blockers? Ans – Beta blockers block the effects of the hormone called nor-epinephrine and epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) to help lower the blood pressure. Beta-blockers also reduce the impulse of the beta-receptors present in the heart which makes the blood vessels contract and expand and the heart to beat faster. Some of the beta blockers are: Tenormin, Inderal, Tenolol, Atecad, Aten, Betacard etc. Q 39 – What are calcium channel blockers? Ans – A human body contains many cells that have small channels called calcium channels. When calcium flows through these channels, the blood vessels contract, and the arteries get narrowed which results in the increase in blood pressure. Blocking this calcium flow relaxes the arteries and hence reduces the blood pressure. Some of the calcium channel clockers are: Amcard, Amdepin, Amlo, Amlodac, Amlopres, Amlovas, etc. Q 40 – What are ACE inhibitors? Ans – ACE inhibitors are known as Angiotensin Converting Enzymes. Angiotensin is made up of two words, Angio (blood vessels) + Tensin (pressure). It contracts the blood vessels which results in an increase in blood pressure. ACE inhibitors are used to reduce the production of angiotensin from its precursor called angiotensinogen which allows the blood to flow smoothly and reduce the blood pressure. Some of the ACE inhibitors are: Listil, Enace, Ramace, Envas, Aceten and Capotril Q 41 – What are diuretics? Ans – Diuretics are drugs that help in reducing the volume of fluid in the body. They secrete more sodium in the urine which removes water from the blood which reduces the volume of blood pushing through arteries. This reduction in blood volume also leads to a fall in blood pressure. Some of the commonly used diuretics are: - Thiazides: Diuril, Oretic, Hygroton, Diulo Zaroxolyn - Loop (It extracts sodium in large amount): Lasix, Edecrin, Bumex, Demadex - Potassium sparing: Midamor, Aldactone, Dyrenium Q 42 – What are Angiotensin II receptor blockers? Ans – Angiotensin II receptor blockers work similar to ACE inhibitors, i.e. they block the action of angiotensin. It is a new class of drugs that can be used to control hypertension. Some of the Angiotensin II receptor blockers are: Losar, Losar-H, Repace, Repace-H, Tozaar, Losacor, etc. Q 43 – What are central acting agent drugs? Ans – Central acting agent drugs are also known as central agonists, central alpha agonists, and central adrenergic inhibitors. These drugs are used to prevent the brain from sending too many signals or nerve impulses to the nervous system to increase the heart rate and narrow the blood vessels. Some of the central acting agent drugs are: Arkamin, Catapres, Tenex, Aldemet, and Serpasil. Q 44 – What are vasodilators? Ans – Vasodilators are a group of drugs that are used to treat severe hypertension patients who are not responding to other drugs. Vasodilators act directly on the wall of the arteries and prevent them from narrowing. Some of the validators are: Cardiff, Depin, Nitrepin, Felogaris, Nifedin, Myogard, and Calcigard Q 45 – What are the side effects on Vasolidators? Ans – Though Vasolidators are really effective in treating hypertension, they may cause gastrointestinal problems, nasal congestion, headache, dizziness, and excessive hair growth all over the body. Q 46 – Can I take hypertension medicines for the long term? Ans – Yes, it is safe to take hypertension medicines in the long term as they help to keep the blood pressure low and have minimum side effects. Q 47 – Can hypertension medicines be combined together? Ans – Yes as most of the time a single medicine is not able to control the blood pressure and if the dosage of the medicine is increased, the risk of side effects also increases. Hence it is better to use a combination of these medicines to effectively control hypertension with minimum side effects. Q 48 – Can blood pressure medicines be stopped at any point in life? Ans – Yes, if your blood pressure becomes normal, or comes down to 120/80 mmHg, the blood pressure medicines can be stopped. It is important to ensure that the blood pressure does not rise again after stopping the medicines. With regular yoga, exercises, medication, and the right diet, you can maintain the blood pressure level under control. Q 49 – Can the blood pressure medicines be reduced if blood pressure becomes normal? Ans – Yes, you can reduce the dosage of the medicines if your blood pressure comes to a normal level. But in some cases, the reduction in blood pressure is due to medicines, and once you stop taking medicines, it might rise again. Hence, in this case, medicines cannot be reduced. Q 50 – What to do if blood pressure goes below 120/80 mmHg while on medication? Ans – If blood pressure is slightly below 120/80 mmHg, there is no need to worry. But if it goes below 90/60 mmHg and you feel weakness with dizziness, you need to reduce the dosage of medicines. It is advised to consult your doctor immediately. Q 51 – Can a hypertensive patient use salt in food preparation? Ans – A high amount of salt increases the risk of high blood pressure. Cutting your salt intake is one of the easiest and quickest ways to reduce your blood pressure. Though salt reduction is necessary for each type of patient, patients who are salt insensitive can use salt in food preparation within the prescribed limits. Q 52 – How much salt can a person having high blood pressure can have? Ans – According to the American Heart Association, a healthy adult should not consume more than 2300 milligrams of salt in a day. However, the ideal limit of salt intake is no more than 1500 milligrams, especially for those who have high blood pressure. Q 53 – What is salt-sensitive hypertension? Ans – Salt-sensitive is a type of hypertensive patients whose blood pressure is affected with salt intake. Even the intake of a small amount of salt leads to a sudden rise in their blood pressure. Patients who have salt-sensitive hypertension must restrict salt in their diet. Q 54 – What is salt-insensitive hypertension? Ans – Salt insensitive hypertension is a type in which salt intake or restriction does not have any effect on blood pressure. Patients who are salt insensitive can consume a normal amount of salt in their diet but should avoid additional salt from the table. Q 55 – Does a high fiber diet helps to reduce hypertension? Ans – High fiber diet reduces the levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood. Fiber also controls diabetes and reduces weight which are two major causes of high blood pressure. Hence fiber diet can have a significant impact on reducing your blood pressure. Q 56 – Can a high cholesterol diet increase blood pressure? Ans – Yes, a high cholesterol diet will definitely increase your blood pressure. The cholesterol gets deposited in the arteries over the years due to which the space available for the blood to flow decreases. This can increase the blood pressure due to blockage in the coronary artery which is also known as atherosclerosis. Q 57 – Can I take tea/coffee more than 1-2 times a day? Ans – Being stimulating beverages, consumption of tea and coffee can increase your heart rate and blood pressure. Taking tea/coffee once or twice is normal, but it should not be consumed in excess. Q 58 – What foods should I avoid if I have high blood pressure and high cholesterol? Ans – If you have high blood pressure and high cholesterol, you must avoid: - Salt - Sugar - Packaged foods - Pickles - Alcohol - Canned tomato products - Canned Soups Q 59 – What is the DASH diet? Ans – The DASH diet stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and is used to treat or prevent hypertension. DASH diet is high on fiber and protein and focuses on having green vegetables, fruits, low-fat dairy products, whole grains, fish, poultry, and nuts. It avoids or reduces the consumption of red meat or sugar. DASH diet not only reduces blood pressure but also control cholesterol. Q 60 – What are the DASH diet guidelines? Ans – Following are the guidelines to be followed under the DASH diet: - Control calorie intake to manage body weight effectively - Consume a variety of foods while staying within energy needs - Increase daily intake of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, low-fat milk, and its products - Do physical active work daily - Choose carbohydrates wisely for good health - Choose fats wisely - Prepare low salt food - Limit alcohol intake Q 61 – What is a combination diet? Ans – According to the combination diet, fat intake should be less than 30% of the total calorie intake. It combines protein-rich foods with other healthy foods to help lose weight quickly. The combination diet comprises of fresh fruits, vegetables, grains, very low-fat dairy products. Q 62 – Why the combination diet is useful for high blood pressure patients? Ans – Combination diet is useful for hypertension patients as it is rich in potassium, calcium, and magnesium. It has been found in hypertensive patients that following a combination diet has resulted in an average decrease of 11.4 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 5.5 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure. The combination diet is as effective as the use of medications for reducing blood pressure. Q 63 – Do anti-oxidants help in hypertension? Ans – Yes, antioxidants do help in hypertension. Anti-oxidants are nutrients and enzymes that protect the body from harmful free radicals. These free radicals if left unchecked can cause high blood pressure, heart damage, cancer. Anti-oxidants counteract the free radicals ad bind with them before they cause any damage. Q 64 – What are the sources of anti-oxidants? Ans – There are three sources of anti-oxidants including: - Vitamin A: Green leafy vegetables, carrot, eggs - Vitamin C: Amla, orange, guava, kiwi, grapes - Vitamin E: Sprouts, Pulses, Cereals, nuts Q 65 – Can apple cider vinegar lower blood pressure immediately? Ans – Yes, apple cider vinegar has a wide range of benefits including lowering blood pressure. It helps in reducing weight by improving metabolism and reducing water retention in the body. Healthy body weight is the key to keep blood pressure under control. Q 66 – How is obesity responsible for hypertension? Ans – It has been observed that obese people generally have high blood pressure. This is because the resistance of the arteries to blood flow is more in obese people which is responsible for high blood pressure. Hence, weight reduction in obese people helps in controlling blood pressure. A reduction of 1-2 kg of weight can reduce the blood pressure by 1-2 mmHg. Q 67 – What is Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)? Ans – Coronary Artery Disease refers to the blockages in the coronary arteries. In this case, patients feel pain in their chest which is called angina. The usual cause of CAD is the build-up of plaque (Cholesterol-containing deposits) in the arteries. People with CAD are very liable to develop heart attack (Myocardial Infarction) in the later phase of their life. Q 68 – What is Myocardial Infarction (MI)? Ans –Myocardial Infarction, also known as heart attack, is one of the complications of coronary heart disease in which the membrane which covers the coronary arteries gets ruptured leading to clotting of blood in these arteries. The most common symptom of myocardial infarction is chest pain. In coronary heart patients, there is already 70% blockage in the coronary arteries and the remaining gets blocked with the clot, as a result, the tubes become 100% blocked. This lead to the damage of the heart muscles supplied by the coronary arteries and even lead to death. Q 69 – Is hypertension responsible for Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarction? Ans – Due to high blood pressure, the arteries which supply blood gets narrowed, and as a result, blood cannot pass through it easily. The deficiency of blood and oxygen to the arteries can lead to coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Q 70 – How much blood pressure is safe for Coronary Artery Disease patients? Ans – According to the American Heart Association, the recommended blood pressure in Coronary Artery Disease patients should be below 130/80 mmHg. Q 71 – How to control blood pressure in a Coronary Artery Disease patient? Ans – Blood pressure is a silent killer as a normal person’s blood pressure increases by 2% every year, while a hypertensive person’s blood pressure gets increased by 4% per year. High blood pressure increases the chances of coronary heart disease. To control blood pressure it is important to reduce your weight and stress, indulge in yoga, exercise, or meditation, and have a fiber-rich diet with low fat and low cholesterol. Q 72 – Does hypertension lead to stroke or CVA (Cerebral Vascular Accident)? Ans – Yes, hypertension may lead to stroke or cerebral vascular accident. When blood pressure increases, the pressure in the cerebral arteries also increases due to which they become weaker and ultimately burst causing cerebral embolism or cerebral hemorrhage. This leads to the death of the brain. High blood pressure is the cause of 50% of stroke or cerebral vascular accident cases. Q 73 – What is CVA (Cerebral Vascular Accident)? Ans – CVA is the sudden bursting of cerebral arteries due to which blood supply to the brain tissues gets stopped. As brain tissues completely depend on these arteries for blood, the nerves supply to the corresponding area gets damaged. This can lead to paralysis of one side of the body and is termed as the cerebral vascular accident. Q 74 – What is Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)? Ans – In Transient Ischemic Attack, the spam of the cerebral arteries leads to sudden unconsciousness for a few minutes due to high blood pressure. The body may get paralyzed during this time for a minute. As soon as the recovery occurs, the patient is saved from the heart attack. This can be considered as pre-condition for a stroke. TIA gives an indication that there may be a stroke in the future. Hence, if you have TIA, get your blood pressure checked and try to lower it by reducing weight. Q 75 – Why does hypertension occur in young people? Ans – It is now commonly seen that people as young as 15-20 years also develop high blood pressure. The most important causes of hypertension in young people are obesity, stressful environment, unhealthy eating habits, lack of any physical activity, and heredity. If the blood pressure of a person above 15 years has blood pressure more than 130 mmHg, he/she is labeled as hypertensive. Q 76 – How high blood pressure can be reduced in young people? Ans – High blood pressure problem is arising among young people and it should be controlled immediately. Obesity being the most common reasons for hypertension in young, they should be encouraged to opt for healthy habits for reducing weight. Having fiber-rich food, low fat, along with exercises and yoga on a daily basis can play a significant role in achieving weight loss. If the blood pressure is not getting controlled with these measures, it is recommended to go for hypertension medications. Q 77 – What should be the ideal blood pressure in young? Ans – The blood pressure among young boys and girls till 15 years of age should be below 120/80 mmHg. Blood pressure for those who are above 15 years of age should be around 120/80 mmHg. If their blood pressure is above 130 mmHg, they might be suffering from hypertension and get it checked. Q 78 – How does exercise help in reducing blood pressure? Ans – Exercise increases the vascular network inside the muscles and as a result, the tubes inside the muscles can accommodate a high amount of blood which reduces the blood pressure. Regular exercise lowers peripheral resistance and reduces blood pressure. Q 79 – What are the exercises for reducing blood pressure? Ans – Here are some of the best exercises for reducing blood pressure: - 30 minutes of walk on a daily basis - Jogging - Yoga / Meditation - Dancing - Strength training - Bicycling - Swimming - Rope Jumping Q 80 – Does Yoga reduce blood pressure? Ans – Yoga plays a significant role in reducing blood pressure as it has a soothing effect on the brain and reduces overall stress. Stress is one of the major factors for high blood pressure and if the stress goes down, blood pressure will immediately go down. Some of the most effective asanas for hypertensive patients are Sarwangasan, Kayotsarg, and Baddha Konasana (Bound Angle Pose). Q 81 – Is hypertension hereditary? Ans – Yes, hypertension can run in families. Individuals whose parents have hypertension are more likely to develop it too, sooner or later. The chance of having hypertension is even more if both parents are hypertensive. However, even if you have hypertension in your family history, it can be avoided with the right diet and lifestyle choices. Q 82 – Is hypertension a chronic disease? Ans – Yes, hypertension is a chronic disease as it persists over a long period of time and if not managed or controlled in time, it can lead to stroke or a heart attack. Q 83 – Is hypertension curable? Ans – No, hypertension is a chronic disease and cannot be cured. But, it can be controlled with medication, proper diet, exercises, and require regular monitoring and medical follow up with the doctor, generally for the whole life. Q 84 – What is pulmonary hypertension? Ans – Pulmonary hypertension is a disorder of blood vessels in the lungs. Pulmonary hypertension occurs when the blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries becomes higher than normal which puts a strain on the right side of the heart. This condition worsens over time but the symptoms (chest pain, shortness of breath, and dizziness) can be suppressed using medication and oxygen therapy. Q 85 – Can blood pressure readings be different in each arm? Ans – Yes, there is a slight difference in the blood pressure readings in each arm. But this difference is not more than 5-6 mmHg. Blood pressure in the right hand is higher than in the left hand. A small difference in the blood pressure between arms is normal but if the difference is higher, it is an indication of artery-clogging plaque in the blood vessels which increases the risk of a heart attack. Q 86 – Why blood pressure in the right arm is higher than the left arm? Ans – Blood pressure in the right arm is higher than the left arm as the right hand gets blood supply first from the heart than the left hand. Q 87 – Does the blood pressure in the arms is different from blood pressure in legs? Ans – Yes, generally the blood pressure in legs is 90% of the blood pressure in upper arms. It might be less in case the leg arteries are narrow in a person. Q 88 – Is the heart responsible for increasing blood pressure? Ans – Heart pumps the blood to the whole body. If the heart rate goes up, for example in the case of excitement, the blood pressure also rises. The heart’s pumping power gets increased in excitement and it contracts more powerfully which increases the blood pressure. Some chemicals such as adrenaline and angiotensin are released inside the body and are responsible for the increase in the blood pressure. Q 89 – What is renal hypertension or renal artery stenosis? Ans – When arteries carrying blood to the kidneys get narrowed due to the deposition of cholesterol and triglycerides, it leads to blockages in the blood vessels. As a result of these blockages, the blood pressure in kidney increases which is known as renal hypertension or reno-vascular hypertension. People who are obese, who smoke, and drink alcohol are at higher risk for renal hypertension. Q 90 – What causes renal hypertension? Ans – Renal hypertension is caused due to narrowing in the arteries which supply blood to the kidney. This condition is also called renal artery stenosis. The most common cause of renal hypertension is high cholesterol. This is usually caused when plaque (a sticky, fatty substance) builds on the inner lining of the arteries also known as atherosclerosis. Q 91 – What are the symptoms of renal hypertension? Ans – Some of the most common symptoms of renal hypertension may include: - Headache - Blurry vision - Confusion - Nausea and vomiting - Pink colored urine - Chest Pain Q 92 – How to treat renal hypertension? Ans – The most important medications for treating renal hypertension include diuretics, alpha-blockers, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, and Angiotensin II receptor blockers. Recommended lifestyle changes include avoiding smoking and drinking, losing weight, indulging in daily exercises, etc. Q 93 – What are the major complications of hypertension? Ans – Major complications of hypertension are: - Coronary artery disease - Congestive heart failure - Stroke - Renal failure - Atherosclerosis - Retinopathy Q 94 – How does hypertension affect the heart? Ans – Hypertension plays a significant role in the development of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis (blockages). Hypertension damages the arteries by reducing the elasticity of blood vessels which allows cholesterol and triglycerides to deposit in the arteries. This decreases the flow of blood and oxygen to your heart and ultimately leads to a heart attack. Q 95 – How does hypertension affect the brain? Ans – High blood accelerates the effects of atherosclerosis in which arteries get narrow due to the build-up of fatty plaques. Hypertension can also cause the formation of blood clots in the arteries leading to the brain which blocks the blood flow and cause a stroke. Q 96 – How does hypertension affect the eyes? Ans – Hypertension doesn’t just cause heart, brain, or kidney problems if left untreated; it can also affect your eyesight or lead to eye disease. Due to high blood pressure, the arteries of the eyes get damaged. As a result, some fluid leaks inside the retina, and a part of the retina gets damaged. It can lead to the disease known as hypertensive retinopathy. Q 97 – Do oral contraceptive pills increase blood pressure? Ans – Oral contraceptives are commonly used these days to control birth. Generally, birth control pills have minor side effects, but some pills can cause an increase in blood pressure. These contraceptives contain a small amount of estrogen and progesterone hormones that prevent pregnancy. According to some epidemiologic studies, a long term use of oral contraceptives containing estrogen may induce an increase in blood pressure and increases the risk of high blood pressure. If you are experiencing an increase in blood pressure on using these pills, it is advised to stop taking these pills or switch to a different birth control method for some time to control blood pressure. Q 98 – Does menopause affect hypertension in women? Ans – Progesterone and estrogen hormones in women help to keep the blood pressure under control. The level of these hormones drops after menopause due to which the blood vessels become stiff and less elastic. Due to these changes, blood pressure tends to rise after menopause causing hypertension. Q 99 –What are the symptoms of high blood pressure in women? Ans – Here are some of the common symptoms of high blood pressure in women: - Headache - Fatigue - Chest Pain - Vision problems - Dizziness - Blood in the urine - Difficulty in breathing - Irregular heartbeat Q 100 – What causes blood pressure fluctuations? Ans – Fluctuating blood pressure can be caused by several issues including: - Emotional stress and anxiety - Medications can also fluctuate your blood pressure levels - White-coat syndrome or stress from a doctor’s appointment - Exercise, laughter, and sex - Foods high in tyramine - Pheochromocytoma (a hormone-secreting tumor that occurs in adrenal glands) Q 101 – How effective is homoeopathy for high blood pressure? Ans – Homoeopathy medicine can not only stabilize blood pressure but also has a positive effect on overall health with no side effects. Here are some of the homoeopathic medicines for high blood pressure: - Argentum Nitricum - Calcarea Carbonica - Glonoinum - Natrum Muriaticum - Phosphorus Note: Consult a homoeopathic doctor for the best medicine as per your medical condition We hope that this comprehensive guide on blood pressure will help you get answers to all your questions about blood pressure. If you still feel that your query has not been answered here, you can ask your questions in the comments below and I will make sure all your queries get answered.
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Normalan krvni tlak. Što znači i kako se liječi nakupljanje vode u plućima Koliki je krvni pritisak normalan za vaše godine? Donosimo odgovor i savjete kako pravilno mjeriti Imaš priču? Javi nam se! Imaš priču, ekskluzivu ili jednostavno temu za koju bi se trebalo čuti? Javi nam se, a mi ti jamčimo anonimnost. Pošalji priču Krvni tlak: normalni krvi tlak po godinama starosti Krvni tlak je potrebno redovito kontrolirati kako bi se na vrijeme otkrilo postojanje hipertenzije. Saznajte koji je normalan tlak po godinama starosti 6. Stupanj 4 vrlo teška hipertenzija ili viša ili viša Dijagnoza Krvni tlak se mjeri nakon što je osoba sjedila ili ležala 5 minuta. Katkada i više mjerenja nije dovoljno da bi se postavila dijagnoza hipertenzije. Ukoliko početno mjerenje pokazuje visoke vrijednosti krvnog tlaka, mjerenje treba ponoviti isti dan, a zatim dvaput dnevno u naredna dva dana kako bi se sigurno utvrdilo normalan krvni tlak je krvni tlak trajno povišen. Nakon postavljanja dijagnoze povišenog krvnog tlaka potrebno je odrediti i učinak povišenog krvnog tlaka na važne organe: posebno na krvne žile, srce, mozak i bubrege. Hipertenzija, tj. Saznajte koji je normalan tlak po godinama starosti. Što je zapravo krvni tlak? Krvi tlak predstavlja pritisak koji krv vrši na stijenke krvnih žila, a mjerimo pomoću tlakomjera ili manometra. Vrijednost sistoličkog krvnog tlaka odgovara tlaku u trenutku kada se srce stišće i aktivno izbacuje krv, dok vrijednost dijastoličkog krvnog tlaka predstavlja vrijednost tlaka dok je srce hipertenzija je najbolje lijek te se puni krvlju. Krvni tlak je potrebno redovito kontrolirati kako bi se na vrijeme otkrilo postojanje hipertenzije, tj. Previše kafe Savjetuje se nakon Ako su promjene krvnog pritiska, posebno naviše, stalno prisutne, potrebno je obratiti se ljekaru jer visoke vrijednosti mogu upućivati na ozbiljne bolesti koje vode k srčanom ili moždanom udaru. Pokazalo se da se vrijednosti krvnog pritiska mogu mijenjati u kratkom roku. Hipertenziju je potrebno liječiti jer dovodi povećanoga rizika nastanka srčanog i moždanoga udara, ali i povećava rizik i smrtnost i kod niza drugih bolesti. Mijenja li se krvni tlak? Vrijednost krvnoga tlaka nije statička i njezina vrijednost se normalno može razlikovati između dvaju čak uzastopnih mjerenja. Vrijednost krvnoga tlaka se normalno mijenja tijekom dana, ovisi o razini tjelesne aktivnosti, ali i o našem trenutnom emocionalnome stanju. Zanimljivo je i da normalan krvni tlak vrijednost prosječnog krvnog tlaka mijenja i kako starimo. U tablici ispod prikazan je prosječan raspon vrijednosti normalnoga krvnog tlaka po godinama i vidljivo je da se krvnoga tlaka povećava kako starimo. Biološko objašnjenje povećanja krvnoga tlaka sa godinama leži u činjenici da starenjem naše krvne žile gube svoja elastična svojstva te postaju rigidna, pružaju veći otpor toku krvi i stoga raste i vrijednost krvnoga tlaka. Iako je normalno da krvni tlak raste s godinama, svejedno se za odraslu populaciju normalnim krvnim tlakom smatra vrijednost sistoličkog tlaka od mmHg i dijastoličkog tlaka od 80 mmHg. Vrijednosti krvnoga tlaka koje smatramo povišenim su se mijenjale kroz vrijeme, no prema najnovijim smjernicama Američkog udruženja za bolesti srca AHAvidljivim u tablici ispod, svaki sistolički tlak iznad i dijastolički tlak iznad 80 mmHg smatramo povišenim. Iako je normalno da krvni tlak raste sa godinama, svejedno ga je potrebno održavati unutar željenih raspona radi prevencije komplikacija hipertenzije, poglavito kako normalan krvni tlak se smanjio rizik pojedinca od nastanka srčanog ili moždanog udara. Kao mjere kontrole povišenoga krvnog tlaka prvenstveno se preporučuju nefarmakološke metode održavanje zdravih životnih navika: redukcija tjelesne težine, povećana tjelesna aktivnost, smanjeno unošenje soli, šećera i prerađene hrane, povećan unos sviježeg povrća, voća i ribe. Ukoliko do smanjenja krvnoga tlaka ne dođe uz pomoć nefarmakoloških metoda, liječnik će pacijentu prepisati neki od dostupnih lijekova protiv visokog krvnog tlaka, tj.