http___direct.fluent-forever.com_the-method_vocabulary_base-vocabulary-list_.xml
http___fluent-forever.com_hr_the-method_vocabulary_base-vocabulary-list__1.xml
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Your Base Vocabulary: The first ~625 words [Author's note: Behold, the new, improved list:] [Available for pre-order with the pronunciation trainers! We now return you to your regular programming:] Your Base Vocabulary: Your first 625 words This is a new, improved version of an older list of 400 words. In my own studies, I’ve found that having an extra couple hundred words in the beginning makes everything a lot easier; you feel more comfortable with spelling and pronunciation, you recognize many more words in your textbook, and you can start delving into grammar while feeling like a bad-ass. Nice. I’ve culled this list from the General Service List and Wordfrequency.info - two well-made frequency lists for English. These are common words that are relatively easy to picture, so you can learn them without translations right from the start. Most of them will show up in the top 2000 words of your target language, and so you can save a bit of time by adding these words to your Anki deck right at the beginning. I’ve also begun a project to get this list professionally translated into a bunch of languages. I’m compiling those translations into handy little frequency dictionaries (with pronunciation information, gender, etc.), so they’re easy and quick to use. You’ll find more details at the bottom of this page. How to use this list: - Pronunciation (in general): Learn your pronunciation rules. You should know what pronunciation to expect based upon the spelling of a word. Seriously. There’s no reason to memorize a bunch of words incorrectly; no one will understand what you’re saying. You can find pronunciation resources for a bunch of languages in the Languages section, and there are easy ways to learn pronunciation using Anki. - Translations into your target language: Look up translations for each of the words in this list (or if you’re learning a common language, grab my translations). I’m a huge fan of Lonely Planet phrasebooks for this purpose; they’re cheap, short, and easy to look through, and you’ll find good translations for most of these words in there. I’m providing this list in two formats: thematic (animals, jobs, locations) and alphabetic. Use the alphabetic list to get good translations for all of your words in a matter of minutes. - Images: Once you have your translations, go to Google images and look up the word you found in your target language. You’re looking to see whether speakers of your target language associate the word you found with the sort of images you’d expect. There are three things that can happen here:I. The pictures are just what you’d expect to see. Good. Add them to Anki.II. The pictures don’t seem to make any sense whatsoever. Skip that word for now, or try a different translation. This list is just a time-saving tool stolen from an English frequency list, and it won’t work all the time. Many languages don’t use the same Breakfast/Dinner/Lunch concept as English speakers. Russian has separate words for light blue and dark blue. So if the images you get don’t make sense, skip them! You’ll get the right words later, from your own language’s frequency list.III. The pictures make sense, but they’re not quite what you expected. For example, you searched for дeByшka (girl) in Russian, and found that oddly enough, nearly every single дeByшka seems to be an 18-year old, nearly-naked girl. Memory-wise, this is the best case scenario. You’re learning that дeByшka isn’t just another word for girl. It’s a totally newword, and therefore a lot more interesting (and more interesting = more memorable, every time). Find 1-3 pictures that can help you remember what you’re seeing, and move on to the next word. You’ll find that this turns into a fun game. What pictures are you going to see when you look up the next word? Can you find a subtle difference between what you’re seeing and what you’d expect to see in English? When you look up pictures in English, you aren’t learning anything new; it’s basically just busy work. When you look up a picture in your target language, it’s much more interesting, and as a result, it’s much more memorable. In the event that you’re using a language with an almost nonexistent internet presence (Cherokee, or something), then you’re going to need to be extremely careful here, and ideally run your pictures in front of a native speaker and make sure that each word means what you think it means. Intensively learning the wrong words for things is something you should try to avoid at all costs. For languages like these (and dead languages, like Latin or Ancient Greek), you may need to resort to looking up pictures in English, based upon translations. This is too bad (it means you’re never going to encounter option III, above), but it’s the best you can do. - Recordings: If you’re just starting out, go to Forvo.com and get recordings for new words. Add those recordings to your Anki deck until you start feeling pretty confident about pronunciation. - Make your flashcards: Add the words to Anki (with their images and recordings, and without their translations). If necessary, add gender information and maybe an example sentence from Google images (but if you’re just starting out, you might want to wait a bit before using example sentences!) The List(s) A quick note about order I’m providing this list in two formats: a thematic list and an alphabetical list. The thematic list is friendly: you’ll see lists of animals, types of clothing, professions, etc. It’s the sort of thing you’ve probably seen before in a grammar book, and I’ve added notes in a few sections to give you suggestions about how to learn a given topic without using translations (For example, you can learn units of time [days, hours, minutes] using pictures of clocks and basic, fill-in-the-blank formulas: 24 x ora = 1 __ [giorno], 60 x ___ [minuto] = 1 x ora). Thematic lists are nice ways to organize words, but I’m going to suggest that you avoid them when you actually sit down to learn your words, and use an alphabetical list instead. Why? Order is important. In language classes, you’ll typically learn words in thematic order because it’s a comfortable way to organize classes (“Today, we’re going to learn about animals!”) and it’s a comfortable way to learn (“Today, I learned about animals!”). But there’s an unintended consequence of doing this: you get your words mixed up. I learned all of my French numbers and colors at the same time, and I still have problems remembering whether sept is six or seven, or whether jaune is yellow or green. This is borne out by the research: when you learn a bunch of similar words at once, you’ll have a harder time remembering which one is which. The opposite is also true: when you learn a bunch of totally unrelated words at once (dog, apple, red, skyscraper, president), you’ll have an easier time remembering those words. So I’m going to give you this list in alphabetical order. Once you translate the words into your target language, they’re basically going to be in random order, and as a result, they’ll be much easier to remember. It’s also a lot easier to translate an alphabetical list. If you’re using a phrase book for your translations, you can go through, mark off your A-words, your B-words, and so on, and you’ll be done translating within 30 minutes. Your First 625 Words (in Thematic Order, with notes): Key: Category words (i.e. ‘animal’) are designated with a little superscript C (Like thisC). Learn these words word by using 2-3 other pictures/words on your flashcards (i.e. ‘animal = dog, cat, fish…’). Easily Confounded Images (i.e., ‘girl’ looks like ‘daughter’) are designated with an asterisk (Like this*). These are groups of words that will use very similar images (girl/daughter, marriage/wedding). Learn these words by adding a personal touch (i.e., the name of a ‘daughter’ you might know) or an additional word or two in your target language (i.e., daughter might go with mother/father). Animal: dog, cat, fish, bird, cow, pig, mouse, horse, wing, animalC Transportation: train, plane, car, truck, bicycle, bus, boat, ship, tire, gasoline, engine, (train) ticket, transportationC Location: city, house, apartment, street/road, airport, train station, bridge, hotel, restaurant, farm, court, school, office, room, town, university, club, bar, park, camp, store/shop, theater, library, hospital, church, market, country (USA, France, etc.), building, ground, space (outer space), bank, locationC Clothing: hat, dress, suit, skirt, shirt, T-shirt, pants, shoes, pocket, coat, stain, clothingC Color: red, green, blue (light/dark), yellow, brown, pink, orange, black, white, gray, colorC People: son*, daughter*, mother, father, parent (= mother/father), baby, man, woman, brother*, sister*, family, grandfather, grandmother, husband*, wife*, king, queen, president, neighbor, boy, girl, child (= boy/girl), adult (= man/woman), human (≠ animal), friend (Add a friend’s name), victim, player, fan, crowd, personC Job: Teacher, student, lawyer, doctor, patient, waiter, secretary, priest, police, army, soldier, artist, author, manager, reporter, actor, jobC Society: religion, heaven, hell, death, medicine, money, dollar, bill, marriage*, wedding*, team, race (ethnicity), sex (the act), sex (gender), murder, prison, technology, energy, war, peace, attack, election, magazine, newspaper, poison, gun, sport, race (sport), exercise, ball, game, price, contract, drug, sign, science, God Art: band, song, instrument (musical), music, movie, art Beverages: coffee, tea, wine, beer, juice, water, milk, beverageC Food: egg, cheese, bread, soup, cake, chicken, pork, beef, apple, banana, orange, lemon, corn, rice, oil, seed, knife, spoon, fork, plate, cup, breakfast, lunch, dinner, sugar, salt, bottle, foodC Home: table, chair, bed, dream, window, door, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, pencil, pen, photograph, soap, book, page, key, paint, letter, note, wall, paper, floor, ceiling, roof, pool, lock, telephone, garden, yard, needle, bag, box, gift, card, ring, tool Electronics: clock, lamp, fan, cell phone, network, computer, program (computer), laptop, screen, camera, television, radio Body: head, neck, face, beard, hair, eye, mouth*, lip*, nose, tooth, ear, tear (drop), tongue, back, toe, finger, foot, hand, leg, arm, shoulder, heart, blood, brain, knee, sweat, disease, bone, voice, skin, body Nature: sea*, ocean*, river, mountain, rain, snow, tree, sun, moon, world, Earth, forest, sky, plant, wind, soil/earth, flower, valley, root, lake, star, grass, leaf, air, sand, beach, wave, fire, ice, island, hill, heat, natureC Materials: glass, metal, plastic, wood, stone, diamond, clay, dust, gold, copper, silver, materialC Math/Measurements: meter, centimeter, kilogram, inch, foot, pound, half, circle, square, temperature, date, weight, edge, corner Misc Nouns: map, dot, consonant, vowel, light, sound, yes, no, piece, pain, injury, hole, image, pattern, nounC, verbC, adjectiveC Note: Use these last three (noun, verb, adjective) as labels to help distinguish between very similar-looking words (i.e., to die (verb), death (noun), dead (adjective)) Directions: top, bottom, side, front, back, outside, inside, up, down, left, right, straight, north, south, east, west, directionC Note: You may not find all of these in your glossary, and you may have trouble finding pictures even if you do. That’s fine. Skip them for now, or use my collection of images for directions and prepositions at Fluent-Forever.com/Appendix5 Seasons: Summer, Spring, Winter, Fall, seasonC Note: If you search for a number (uno (one), dos (two), tres (three)), you’ll find pictures of objects (1 apple, 2 monkeys, etc.). This usually works until 10. Then search for the digits (10, 11, 12). You’ll find colorful numerals, address signs, etc. Use these images (picture of hotel room #33) instead of text (#33); these pictures easier to remember and they don’t get mixed up as easily. Months: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December Note: You’ll usually find pictures of holidays and weather. Add in the number of each month (#1-12) to get more specific. Days of the week: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday Note: You’ll usually find pictures of people going to work on Mondays and partying on Fridays/Saturdays, etc. To get more specific, use an image of a weekly calendar with weekends greyed out and indicate which day you want. I’ll find a few good calendars to use and post them here in the near future. Time: year, month, week, day, hour, minute, second , morning, afternoon, evening, night, timeC Note: You’ll find pictures of clocks and calendars. If needed, define each time division in terms of another time division, i.e. 60 x minuto = 1 ___ (ora), 1 ora = 60 x ____ (minuto). Don’t worry about plural forms (you don’t need the word for “minutes” yet) Verbs: work, play, walk, run, drive, fly, swim, goC, stop, follow, think, speak/say, eat, drink, kill, die, smile, laugh, cry, buy*, pay*, sell*, shoot(a gun), learn, jump, smell, hear* (a sound), listen* (music), taste, touch, see (a bird), watch (TV), kiss, burn, melt, dig, explode, sit, stand, love, pass by, cut, fight, lie down, dance, sleep, wake up, sing, count, marry, pray, win, lose, mix/stir, bend, wash, cook, open, close, write, call, turn, build, teach, grow, draw, feed, catch, throw, clean, find, fall, push, pull, carry, break, wear, hang, shake, sign, beat, lift Note: For verbs, you’ll probably need to learn your language’s word for “verb” and add it to any verb that could masquerade as a noun (to kiss vs a kiss). Basically, get a picture of two people kissing, add the word “Verb” underneath, and poof, you’ve got a pretty clear “to kiss.” Adjectives: long, short (long), tall, short (vs tall), wide, narrow, big/large, small/little, slow, fast, hot, cold, warm, cool, new, old (new), young, old (young), good, bad, wet, dry, sick, healthy, loud, quiet, happy, sad, beautiful, ugly, deaf, blind, nice, mean, rich, poor, thick, thin, expensive, cheap, flat, curved, male, female, tight, loose, high, low, soft, hard, deep, shallow, clean, dirty, strong, weak, dead, alive, heavy, light (heavy), dark, light (dark), nuclear, famous Note: For a few of these adjectives, you may need to learn your language’s word for “adjective” and add it in cases of ambiguity (i.e., to clean vs a clean room). Pronouns: I, you (singular), he, she, it, we, you (plural, as in “y’all”), they. Note: Make sure you read about these in your grammar book before adding them. Languages divide their pronouns into many categories. Hungarian, for instance, has six words for “you” (singular informal, singular formal (for acquaintances), singular official (for teachers, policemen, bureaucrats), plural informal, etc.), and depending upon how you count, Japanese either has no pronouns or tons of pronouns. We’ll need to have some pronouns now in order to deal with grammar later, so you’ll want to find at least a few words to refer to yourself or someone else. You’ll find a good explanation of pronouns (and a list of them) in the beginning of your grammar book. Note that you don’t yet need him, her, his, their, etc. We’ll get them later, when we discuss grammar. How do you learn these without translations? Use pictures of people pointing at themselves/each other. There are decent pronoun pictures on Google Images, and I’ve gotten some better ones commissioned here. Use these images, and if your language, like Hungarian, has different sorts of pronouns for different sorts of relationships (i.e., friends vs acquaintances), then take a few minutes to think of some people you’d use these pronouns with. Use their names on your flashcards. Enjoy! Please make sure you follow the instructions above. This is a tool that can be misused and seriously mess up your language studies from the beginning if you badly translate words into your target language and then intensively drill them into your memory with Anki. Also if you skip the pronunciation step then you’re going to have a harder time memorizing them, recognizing them when a native speaker says them, and you’ll be intensively drilling bad habits into your brain. The steps are there to save you time; they’re worth following. Translations When you’re using an alphabetical list, the translation step (Step 2, above) is pretty easy. But still, it takes some time and you may not particularly want to do it. If you’re learning one of the languages of my Kickstarter: - Spanish - Italian - French - Portuguese - German - Russian - Hebrew - Arabic - Mandarin Chinese - Cantonese - Japanese - Korean - Dutch - Hungarian I’ve commissioned and compiled a professional translations of this list, put them into a set of thematic groups that makes them ~10% easier to memorize and commissioned 90 original illustrations for each thematic group. I’ve added detailed pronunciation information, gender (when appropriate), counting words (when appropriate) and occasional notes when a word doesn’t quite translate directly. So if you want to save yourself ~30-60 minutes of time, then grab one of these translations.
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Vaš Base Rječnik: The first ~625 words [Author's note: Motriti, the new, improved list:] [Available for pre-order with the pronunciation trainers! We now return you to your regular programming:] Vaš Base Rječnik: Vaš prvi 625 Riječi Ovo je nova, unaprijeđena verzija starijeg popis 400 Riječi. U mojim istraživanjima, Ja sam pronašao da dodatnih par stotina riječi u početku čini sve što je puno lakše; ste se osjećali ugodnije s pravopisom i izgovorom, Prepoznajete li mnogo više riječi u udžbeniku, i možete početi udubljivanja u gramatici dok je osjećaj kao loš-ass. Nica. Ja sam uništile ovaj popis iz Općenito popis usluga i Wordfrequency.info - Dva dobro napravio frekvencijski popisi za engleski. To su uobičajene riječi koje su relativno lako slici, tako da možete naučiti ih bez prijevoda od samog početka. Većina njih će se pojaviti na vrhu 2000 Riječi ciljani jezik, i tako možete uštedjeti malo vremena dodavanjem ove riječima tvoje Struja palube odmah na početku. Također sam započeo projekt dobili ovaj popis profesionalno prevodi u hrpu jezika. I’m compiling those translations into handy little frequency dictionaries (uz izgovor informacija, rod, i sl.), tako da su oni jednostavan i brz za korištenje. Naći ćete više pojedinosti na dnu ove stranice. Kako koristiti ovaj popis: - Izgovor (uglavnom): Saznajte svoj izgovor pravila. You should know what pronunciation to expect based upon the spelling of a word. Ozbiljno. There’s no reason to memorize a bunch of words incorrectly; nitko neće razumjeti što govoriš. Možete pronaći izgovor sredstva za hrpu jezika u Jezici poglavlje, a tu su i Easy Načini naučiti izgovor koriste Anki. - Prijevodi u ciljani jezik: Pogledati prijevodi za svaku od riječi na popisu (ili ako ste učenje zajednički jezik, zgrabite moje prijevode). Ja sam veliki obožavatelj Lonely Planet Phrasebooks za ovu namjenu; oni su jeftini, kratak, i lako gledati kroz, i da ćete naći dobre prijevode za većinu tih riječi tamo. Ja sam pod uvijetom da ovaj popis u dva formata: tematski (životinje, radnih mjesta, Mjesta) i traka. Koristite abecedni popis da biste dobili dobre prijevode za sve svoje riječi u samo nekoliko minuta. - Slike: Nakon što su svoje prijevode, ići na Google slike and look up the word you found u ciljani jezik. Vi ste u potrazi za vidjeti hoće li govornici ciljanog jezika suradnik riječi možete naći s nekom od slika koje očekujete. Postoje tri stvari koje se mogu dogoditi ovdje:Ja. Slike su upravo ono što očekujete vidjeti. Dobro. Add them to Anki.II. Slike se ne čini da bi bilo smisla uopće. Preskoči tu riječ za sada, or try a different translation. This list is just a time-saving tool stolen from an English frequency list, i to neće raditi za sve vrijeme. Mnogi jezici ne koriste isti doručak / večera / ručak koncept kao govornika engleskog. Ruski ima odvojene riječi za svijetlo plavoj i tamno plavoj boji. Dakle, ako ste dobili slike nemaju smisla, ih preskočiti! Vi ćete dobiti prave riječi kasnije, from your own language’s frequency list.III. Slike smisla, ali oni nisu ono što ste očekivali. Na primjer, ste tražili дeByшka (djevojka) na ruskom, i utvrdili da je začudo, skoro every single дeByшka Čini se da 18-godišnjak, nearly-naked girl. Memory-wise, ovo je najbolji mogući scenarij. You’re learning that дeByшka isn’t just another word for djevojka. It’s a totally noviriječ, i stoga puno zanimljiviji (i zanimljiviji = više sjećanju, svaki put). Find 1-3 Slike koje vam mogu pomoći da zapamtite ono što vidite, i prijeći na sljedeću riječ. Naći ćete da je to pretvara u zabavnoj igri. Što slike ćete vidjeti kada pogledate do sljedeću riječ? Mogu vam suptilnu razliku između onoga što vidite i ono što biste očekivali vidjeti na engleskom jeziku? Kada ste u potrazi slike na engleskom jeziku, ne uče ništa novo; to je u osnovi jednostavno zauzeti rad. Kada ste u potrazi sliku u ciljani jezik, to je puno zanimljiviji, i kao rezultat, to je mnogo više sjećanju. U slučaju da ste koristeći jezik s gotovo nepostojeće internet prisutnosti (Cherokee, ili tako nešto), onda ćemo morati biti vrlo oprezni ovdje, i idealno pokrenuti svoje slike ispred izvorni govornik i pobrinite se da svaka riječ znači ono što mislite da to znači. Intenzivno učenje pogrešne riječi za stvari je nešto što biste trebali pokušati izbjeći po svaku cijenu. Za jezike poput ovih (i izumrlih jezika, kao latinski ili starogrčkih), možda ćete morati pribjeći gleda slike na engleskom jeziku, temelji se na prijevodima. To je previše loš (to znači da nikada ne idete u susret opcija III, gore), ali to je najbolje što možete učiniti. - Snimci: Ako ste tek počinje out, ići na Forvo.com and get recordings for new words. Dodajte te snimke na Anki palubi dok ne počnete osjećati prilično sigurni o izgovoru. - Provjerite svoje flashcards: Dodaj riječi za Anki (sa svojim slikama i snimkama, i bez njihovih prijevoda). Ako je potrebno, add gender information and maybe an Primjer rečenica iz Google slike (ali ako ste tek počinje out, možda želite čekati malo prije korištenja primjer rečenice!) Popis(e) Quick note o narudžbi Ja sam pod uvijetom da ovaj popis u dva formats: Tematski popis i abecedni popis. Tematski popis friendly: vidjet ćete popis životinja, vrste odjeće, zanimanja, i sl.. To je jedna od onih stvari koje ste vjerojatno vidjeli u gramatike, i ja sam dodao bilješke u nekoliko dijelova kako bi vam prijedloge o tome kako bi naučili određene teme bez prijevoda (Na primjer, možete naučiti jedinice vremena [dani, radno vrijeme, zapisnik] pomoću slike satova i osnovne, ispunite-in-the-blank formule: 24 bilo x = 1 __ [dan], 60 x ___ [minuta] = 1 x bilo). Tematske liste su dobri načini za organiziranje riječi, ali ja ću predložiti da se avoid them when you actually sit down to learn your words, and use an alphabetical list instead. Zašto? Red je važno. U jezičnim klasama, obično ćete naučiti riječi na tematskoj bi, jer to je ugodno način organizirati nastavu (“Danas, ćemo učiti o životinjama!”) i to je ugodno način da saznate (“Danas, Sam naučio o životinjama!”). No, tu je neželjena posljedica za to: ste dobili vaše riječi pomiješale. Naučila sam sve od mojih francuskih brojeva i boja u isto vrijeme, i ja još have problems remembering whether Rujan je šest ili sedam, ili bilo žut je žut ili zelen. Ovo je svjedoči i istraživanje: kad ste saznali hrpa sličnih riječi odjednom, vi ćete imati teže vrijeme prisjećajući se koje je koje. Vrijedi i obrnuto: kad ste saznali hrpa potpuno nepovezanih riječi odjednom (pas, jabuka, crven, neboder, predsjednik), imat ćete jednostavnije time remembering those words. Dakle, ja ću vam dati ovaj popis abecednim redom. Nakon što prevesti riječi na ciljani jezik, oni u osnovi ćeš biti u slučajnim redoslijedom, i kao rezultat, oni će biti mnogo lakše zapamtiti. To je također puno lakše prevesti abecedni popis. Ako ste koristeći izraz knjigu za svoje prijevode, možete proći kroz, razgraničiti svoje riječi-, Vaš B-riječi, i tako dalje, a vi ćete biti učinjeno u roku prevođenje 30 zapisnik. Vaš prvi 625 Riječi (u tematskom Reda, s bilješkama): Tipka: Kategorija riječi (I.E. 'Životinje') su određene s malo podignutim iznad C (OvakoC). Saznajte ove riječi riječi pomoću 2-3 ostale slike / riječi na flashcards (I.E. 'Životinjska = pas, mačka, riba ... '). Jednostavno smesti Slike (tj., 'Djevojka' izgleda 'kćeri') su označeni zvjezdicom (Ovako*). To su skupine riječi koje će se koristiti vrlo slična slika (Djevojka / kćer, brak / vjenčanje). Saznajte ove riječi dodavanjem osobni dodir (tj., naziv 'kćeri' možda znate) ili dodatni riječ ili dvije u ciljani jezik (tj., kći možda ići s Majka / otac). Životinja: pas, mačka, riba, ptica, krava, svinja, miš, konj, krilo, životinjaC Transport: vlak, avion, automobil, kamion, bicikl, autobus, brod, brod, guma, benzin, motor, (vlak) ulaznica, transportC Mjesto: grad, kuća, apartman, ulica / cesta, zračna luka, kolodvor, most, hotel, restoran, farma, sud, škola, ured, soba, grad, sveučilište, klub, bar, park, kamp, dućan / trgovina, kazalište, knjižnica, bolnica, crkva, tržište, zemlja (SAD, Francuska, i sl.), Zgrada, tlo, prostor (vasiona), banka, mjestoC Odjeća: ima, haljina, odijelo, suknja, košulja, Majica, hlače, cipele, džep, kaput, mrlja, odjećaC Boja: crven, zelen, plav (svijetlo / tamno), žut, braon, roze, naranča, crn, bijel, sive boje, bojaC Ljudi: njegova *, Kći *, majka, otac, roditelj (= Majka / otac), beba, čovjek, žena, Brat *, Sestra *, obitelj, djed, baka, Muž *, Žena *, kralj, kraljica, predsjednik, susjed, dječak, djevojka, dijete (= Boy / girl), odrasla osoba (= Čovjek / žena), ljudski (≠ životinja), prijatelj (Dodaj imena prijatelja), žrtva, igrač, navijač, gužva, osobaC Posao: Učitelj, student, odvjetnik, liječnik, pacijent, konobar, tajnica, sveštenik, policija, vojska, vojnik, umjetnik, autor, menadžer, novinar, glumac, posaoC Društvo: religija, raj, pakao, smrt, lijek, novac, dolar, mjenica, brak *, Vjenčanje *, momčad, utrka (nacionalnosti), seks (čin), seks (rod), ubistvo, zatvor, tehnologija, energija, bio je, mir, napasti, izbor, časopis, novine, otrov, puška, sport, utrka (sport), vježba, lopta, igra, cijena, ugovor, lijek, potpisati, znanost, Bog Umjetnost: grupa, pjesma, instrument (mjuzikl), glazba, film, umjetnost Napici: kava, čaj, vino, pivo, sok, voda, mlijeko, napitakC Hrana: jaje, sir, kruh, juha, torta, piletina, svinjetina, govedina, jabuka, banana, naranča, limun, kukuruz, riža, ulje, sjeme, nož, žlica, viljuška, ploča, šalica, doručak, ručak, večera, šećer, sol, boca, hranaC Dom: stol, stolica, krevet, san, prozor, po, spavaća soba, kuhinja, kupaonica, olovka, pero, fotografirati, sapun, knjiga, stranica, tipka, slikati, pismo, primijetiti, zid, papir, kat, strop, krov, bazen, zaključati, telefon, vrt, dvorište, igla, torba, kutija, dar, kartica, prsten, alatka Elektronika: sat, svjetiljka, navijač, mobitel, mreža, računalo, program (računalo), Laptop, zaslon, kamera, televizija, radio Tijelo: glava, vrat, lice, brada, kosa, oko, Usta *, usne *, nos, zub, uho, suza (ispustiti), jezik, natrag, na, prst, noga, ruka, noga, ruka, rame, srce, krv, mozak, koljeno, znoj, bolest, kost, glas, koža, tijelo Priroda: bilo *, ocean *, rijeka, planina, kiša, snijeg, drvo, sunce, mjesec, svijet, Zemlja, šuma, nebo, biljka, vjetar, Tlo / zemlja, cvijet, dolina, korijen, jezero, zvjezdica, trava, list, zrak, pijesak, plaža, val, vatra, led, Otok, brdo, vrućina, prirodaC Materijali: staklo, metal, plastika, drvo, kamen, dijamant, glina, prašina, zlato, bakar, srebro, materijalC Matematika / Mjerenja: metar, centimetar, kilogram, palac, noga, funta, pola, krug, kvadrat, temperatura, datum, težina, rub, ugao Razni imenica: karta, točkica, suglasnik, samoglasnik, svjetlo, zvuk, da, ne, komad, bol, ozljeda, rupa, slika, uzorak, imenicaC, glagolC, pridjevC Primijetiti: Koristite ove posljednje tri (imenica, glagol, pridjev) kao naljepnice pomoći razlikovati vrlo slične onima riječi (tj., na (glagol), smrt (imenica), mrtav (pridjev)) Smjerovi: vrh, dno, strana, prednji, natrag, van, unutra, gore, dole, lijevo, pravo, ravno, sjeverno, jug, istočno, zapadno, smjerC Primijetiti: Ne mogu naći sve ove u pojmovniku, a vi svibanj imati problema s pronalaženjem slike, čak i ako to učinite. To je u redu. Preskoči ih za sada, or use my collection of images for directions and prepositions at Fluent-Forever.com/Appendix5 Sezone: Ljeto, Proljeće, Zima, Pasti, sezonaC Primijetiti: Ako se traži za određeni broj (jedan (jedan), dva (dva), tri (tri)), ćete naći slike predmeta (1 jabuka, 2 majmuni, i sl.). To se obično radi sve dok 10. Zatim tražiti znamenki (10, 11, 12). Naći ćete šarene brojevima, adresa znakovi, i sl.. Koristite ove slike (slika hotelskoj sobi #33) umjesto teksta (#33); ove slike lakše zapamtiti i ne pomiješaju tako lako. Mjeseci: Siječanj, Veljača, Ožujak, Travanj, Svibanj, Lipanj, Srpanj, Kolovoz, Rujan, Listopad, Studeni, Prosinac Primijetiti: Obično ćete naći slike od blagdana i vremena. Dodaj u broju u mjesecu (#1-12) kako bi dobili više specifičnih. Dani u tjednu: Ponedjeljak, Utorak, Srijeda, Četvrtak, Petak, Subota, Nedjelja Primijetiti: Obično ćete naći fotografije ljudi ide na posao ponedjeljkom i tulumarenje petkom / subotom, i sl.. Da biste dobili više specifičnih, koristiti sliku o tjednom kalendaru s vikendom zasivljena i navesti koji dan želite. I’ll find a few good calendars to use and post them ovdje in the near future. Vrijeme: godina, mjesec, tjedan, dan, sat, minuta, drugi , jutro, poslijepodne, večer, noć, vrijemeC Primijetiti: Naći ćete slike satova i kalendara. Ako je potrebno, definirati svaki put podjelu u smislu drugom vremenskom podjelom, I.E. 60 x minuta = 1 ___ (sada), 1 sada = 60 x ____ (minuta). Ne brinite o množine (ne treba riječ za "minuta" Još) Glagoli: raditi, igrati, hodati, trčanje, pogon, letjeti, plivati, ićiC, zaustaviti, slijediti, misliti, govore / tvrde, jesti, piti, ubiti, die, osmijeh, smijati se, plakati, kupnju *, obratiti *, Prodajemo *, pucati(Pištolj), učiti, skok, miris, čuti * (zvuk), slušajte * (glazba), ukus, dirati, vidjeti (Ptica), gledati (Televizija), poljubac, izgorjeti, rastopiti, kopati, eksplodirati, sjediti, stajati, ljubav, proći, rezati, borba, leći, ples, spavati, probuditi se, pjevati, brojati, vjenčati, moliti, pobijediti, izgubiti, mix / promiješajte, saviti, oprati, kuhati, otvoriti, zatvoriti, pisati, pozvati, skrenuti, izgraditi, učiti, rasti, nacrtati, hraniti, ulov, baciti, očistiti, pronaći, pasti, gurati, povući, nositi, razbiti, nositi, objesiti, tresti, potpisati, pobijediti, lift Primijetiti: Za glagole, vjerojatno ćete morati naučiti vaš jezik je riječ za "glagol" i dodati na bilo koji glagol koji bi mogli predstavljati kao imenica (poljubiti vs poljubac). U osnovi, dobiti sliku o dvoje ljudi ljubljenje, dodaj riječ “Glagol” ispod, i puf, imaš prilično jasno “poljubiti.” Pridjevi: dug, kratak (dug), visok, kratak (vs visoki), širok, uzak, veliki / velika, mali / mala, usporiti, brz, vruć, hladan, topao, svjež, novi, star (novi), mlad, star (mlad), dobro, loše, mokar, osuši, bolestan, zdrav, glasno, tiho, sretan, tužan, lijep, ružan, gluh, slijep, lijepo, značiti, bogat, siromašan, gust, tanak, skup, jeftin, ravan, zakrivljena, muškarac, ženka, tijesan, labav, visok, nisko, mekan, tvrd, duboko, plitak, očistiti, prljav, jak, slab, mrtav, živ, težak, svjetlo (težak), mrak, svjetlo (mrak), nuklearna, poznat Primijetiti: Za neke od tih pridjeva, možda ćete morati naučiti vaš jezik je riječ za "pridjev" i dodajte ga u slučaju nejasnoća (tj., za čišćenje vs očistiti soba). Zamjenice: Ja, vi (jednina), on, ona, to, mi, vi (množina, as in “y’all”), oni. Primijetiti: Provjerite jeste li čitali o ovih na gramatiku prije nego ih dodate. Jezici podijelite svoje zamjenice u mnogim kategorijama. Mađarski, na primjer, ima šest riječi za "vas" (Jednina neformalne, jednini formalno (za poznanstva), jednini službeni (za nastavnike, policajci, birokrati), množine neformalne, i sl.), i ovisno o tome što odbrojavanje, Japanski bilo je ne zamjenice ili tona od zamjenice. Mi ćemo morati imati neke zamjenice sada kako bi se nositi s gramatike kasnije, tako da ćete želite pronaći barem nekoliko riječi koje se odnose na sebe ili netko drugi. Naći ćete dobro objašnjenje zamjenice (i njihov popis) u početku svoje gramatike. Imajte na umu da se ne Još je potrebno ga, nju, njegov, njihov, i sl.. Mi ćemo ih dobiti kasnije, kad smo razgovarali gramatiku. Kako ste saznali ove bez prijevoda? Koristite slike ljudi koji upućuju na sebe / jedni druge. Tu su pristojne zamjenica slika na Google Images, and I’ve gotten some better ones commissioned here. Koristite ove slike, a ako vaš jezik, kao i mađarski, ima različite vrste zamjenice za različite vrste odnosa (tj., Prijatelji vs poznanstva), zatim potrajati nekoliko minuta da se sjetiti nekih ljudi koje bih koristiti ove zamjenice s. Koristite svoje ime na svojim flashcards. Uživati! Molim pobrinite se da slijedite upute gore. To je alat koji može biti zloupotrebljena i ozbiljno poremetiti jezik studija od početka, ako ste loše prijevod riječi u ciljani jezik, a zatim ih intenzivnije bušiti sjećanju s Anki. Također, ako preskočite izgovor korak onda ćeš imati mnogo ih napamet, ih prepoznati kad ih izvorni govornik govori, a vi ćete biti intenzivnije bušenje loše navike u svoj mozak. Koraci su tu kako bi vam uštedjeti vrijeme; oni su vrijedan sljedeće. Prijevodi Kada koristite abecedni popis, prijevod korak (Korak 2, gore) je prilično jednostavan. No, još uvijek, to traje neko vrijeme i ne mogu posebno željeti to do it. If you’re learning one of the languages of my Kickstarter: - Španjolski - Talijanski - Francuski - Portugalski - Njemački - Ruski - Hebrejsko - Arapski - Mandarinski kineski - Cantonese - Japanski - Korejski - Nizozemski - Mađarski I’ve commissioned and compiled a professional translations of this list, put them into a set of thematic groups that makes them ~10% easier to memorize and commissioned 90 original illustrations for each thematic group. Ja sam dodao detaljne informacije izgovor, rod (kada je to prikladno), brojenje riječi (kada je to prikladno) i povremene primjećuje kad je riječ ne sasvim se prevesti izravno. Dakle, ako želite uštedjeti sebi ~ 30-60 minuta vremena, zatim zgrabite jedan od tih prijevoda.