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Hepatitis Basics Learn the basic facts about the various forms of hepatitis so you can protect and support your liver and make the necessary lifestyle changes to improve your health. Although news headlines about hepatitis outbreaks are everywhere, mystery continues to shroud the facts around the disease. Hepatitis is a general term that means inflammation of the liver; it can be acute or chronic and has a number of different causes. Hepatitis is the most common of all serious contagious diseases. Depending on an individual’s sex practices, any type of viral hepatitis can be communicable through sexual activity. Thousands of hepatitis cases are reported each year, but researchers estimate that the true number of people in the United States who have the disease (acute and chronic) is much higher than the number reported. Unfortunately, many hepatitis cases go undiagnosed because they are mistaken for the flu or do not cause any symptoms. Hepatitis is serious because it interferes with the many functions of the liver. Among other things, the liver produces bile to aid digestion, manufactures hormones, regulates the chemical composition of the blood and filters toxic and potentially harmful substances from the bloodstream. This means everything we eat or drink passes through the liver. An inflamed liver has many implications, and can result in mild illness or severe debilitation – up to and including death. Types of Hepatitis Hepatitis can be caused by one of many viruses known by the alphabetical names A, B, C, D and E. Hepatitis A, B and C are the most common types of viral hepatitis found in the United States, while hepatitis D and E are less prevalent. Additional viruses may be responsible for hepatitis, such as those that cause mononucleosis, herpes or chickenpox. Although each virus can attack and potentially damage the liver, each one is unique, causing a completely separate disease from the others. This translates to the following: · Even if you are infected with one hepatitis virus, you can still acquire another one. · One form of hepatitis cannot transform into another. · Vaccination for hepatitis A or B does not protect you from any other hepatitis virus. · It is possible to be simultaneously infected with more than one hepatitis virus. In addition to viral hepatitis, drugs, alcohol abuse and environmental toxins can also cause inflammation of the liver. Other factors that can lead to hepatitis include trauma or an autoimmune dysfunction where a person’s body makes antibodies that attack the liver. Hepatitis A Hepatitis A is considered the least dangerous form of hepatitis because it typically resolves on its own and does not lead to chronic inflammation of the liver. Spread through the fecal-oral route, the hepatitis A virus commonly infects others through improper handling of food, careless hygiene practices, contact with infected household members, sharing of toys at day-care centers and eating raw shellfish from polluted waters. Hand washing is the best prevention for hepatitis A. Hands should be washed with soap and water after going to the bathroom, before eating and after changing a diaper. Fortunately, Hepatitis A is the most common vaccine-preventable disease in the entire world, and those who get HAV develop immunity from ever contracting it again. Hepatitis B Hepatitis B is 50 to 100 times more infectious than HIV. Hepatitis B has been detected in blood, sweat, tears, saliva, semen, vaginal secretions, menstrual blood and breast milk, rendering it transmissible in three primary ways: Through blood or blood products Through sexual contact From mother to child during pregnancy and childbirth The majority of hepatitis B patients recover completely, but a small percentage of them become carriers. Carriers can unknowingly transmit the disease to others even when their own symptoms have vanished. A smaller percentage of those infected progress to chronic hepatitis B, which carries the lifelong dangers and complications of liver disease. A series of three injections, the hepatitis B vaccination is the best prevention. Hepatitis C Hepatitis C is approximately 7 times more infectious than HIV. Hepatitis C is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the United States and is the number one reason for U.S. liver transplants. Since the virus is primarily spread from blood to blood contact, the primary ways hepatitis C is transmitted are from blood transfusions prior to 1992 and the sharing of contaminated needles. In one third of all hepatitis C cases, the source of the disease is unknown. Because it is difficult for the body to clear it, approximately 85 percent of those infected develop chronic Hepatitis C. A recent nationwide study suggests that 4.1 million people in the U.S. have been infected with hepatitis C virus, and most of these individuals have chronic infection. For a broader view of the quantity of those infected with hepatitis C, it is estimated that slightly over 1 million Americans are infected with HIV. Hepatitis Symptoms and Complications Mild cases of hepatitis A and many cases of hepatitis C exhibit few or no symptoms at all. Symptoms of hepatitis generally include the yellowing of the eyes and skin, abdominal pain or swelling, muscle weakness, joint pain, rashes, arthritis, nausea or vomiting, dark urine, loss of appetite, fever and fatigue. When hepatitis damages the liver’s cells, scar tissue is formed, preventing the cells from functioning. With fewer healthy liver cells, the body begins to show symptoms ranging from mild (such as fatigue) to severe (such as mental confusion). Although many cases of hepatitis are not a serious threat to health, the disease can lead to liver cancer, cirrhosis, liver failure and death. Hepatitis Treatment Currently, there is no guaranteed cure for hepatitis. Hepatitis A generally self-resolves, and the medical community is racing to find effective treatments for the chronic forms of hepatitis. The available western medical treatments for hepatitis B and C have a relatively low success rate and can have severe side effects. Until better treatments are devised, many infected individuals get the best results with a combination of western medicine, alternative medicine and lifestyle modifications. Understanding some of the basic facts about hepatitis can help distinguish between situations requiring vigilance and those inapplicable to you. Viral hepatitis is a significant health issue demanding everyone’s awareness. While our communities place great emphasis on HIV education, the infectivity, prevalence and danger of hepatitis infection places it in an equally deserving attention bracket. References: www.ghi.com, The Basics, WebMD, 2005. www.iwannaknow.org, Hepatitis Quick Facts, American Social Health Association, 2006. www.today.reuters.com, Four million infected with hepatitis C in US, Annals of Internal Medicine, May 16, 2006, Reuters, 2006. Like this liver health article? Sign up today for our FREE LiverSupport e-newsletter!
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Hepatitis znači " upala jetre ". Hepatitis C jeupala jetre izazvana RNA virusa . Hepatitis je zarazna i širi se kontaktom sa zaraženom krvi . Rizični čimbenici Određene aktivnosti staviti osobu na veći rizik obolijevanja od hepatitisa C, zbog hepatitisa C prenosi putem krvi , svaka aktivnost koja izlaže osobu u drugu osobe krvi stavlja tu osobu na rizik od zaraze virusom . Drug Korisnici koji dijele igle imaju najveći rizik od dobivanja hepatitisa C. Screenshot većina ljudi koji su izloženi hepatitis C su bili izloženi kroz dijeljenje igala . Hepatitis C može prenijeti dijeljenja igala , tetovaže, akupunkture i dijeljenje žileta . Svaka igla predmet koji se dijeli ili opreme kao što su tetoviranje igle koje nisu pravilno sterilizirano , nosi visok rizik od kontaminacije hepatitisa . Tu je irizik obolijevanja od hepatitisa C spolnim putem i dijeljenje četkice za zube . Menstrualna krv nosivirus hepatitisa C i seksualna aktivnost može uzrokovati male suze koje se mogu izložiti osobu na malim količinama krvi koje nose jetre C Dijeljenje četkice za zube može bitirizik kadpacijent ima usmene rane i posjekotine . Oralni rane i posjekotine može biti mali i proći neopaženo još uvijek puštanje male količine hepatitisa - zaražene krvi . Transfuzije krvi su još jedan način dobivanja hepatitisa C. Krv je prikazivan na hepatitis C i drugih virusa prije nego što se koristi u transfuzije , pa izloženost virusu putem transfuzije je rijetkost . Učinci hepatitis C utječe na jetru . Neki pacijenti imaju samo manje simptome , dok ostali pacijenti imaju velike simptome . Neki ljudi zaraženi virusom hepatitisa C doživjeti samo manje simptome koje nestaju ubrzo . Drugi ljudi imaju kronične probleme koji traju unedogled . Hepatitis C može dovesti do oštećenja jetre i raka jetre . Jetra jeorgan neophodan za život . Akojetra dobiva oštećen , smrt može dogoditi . Zablude To nije neuobičajeno da ljudi misle da jecjepivo postoji za hepatitis C. Prema Centru za kontrolu i prevenciju bolesti , nema odobrena cjepiva za hepatitis C, u ovom trenutku . Zabluda cjepiva vjerojatno proizlazi iz činjenice da su cjepiva postoje za hepatitisa A i hepatitisa B. Screenshot znanstvenici rade na cjepivu za hepatitis C , ali još uvijek postoji više istraživanja i da se uradi prije će vakcina biti dostupni javnosti . Expert Insight hepatitisa C može se prenijeti s majke na dijete tijekom poroda . Nema poznatog način da se spriječi prijenos s majke na dijete tijekom poroda u ovom trenutku . Iako prijenos je moguće , mnoga djeca ne ugovaraju hepatitisa C od svojih majki . Oko četiri od svakih 100 djece rođene od hepatitisa C - zaražene majke ugovora o virus.Scientists ne vjerujem da se hepatitis C prenosi preko majčinog mlijeka . Dojilje zaraženih hepatitisom C ne trebaju biti oprezni o stanju svojih bradavica . Napuknut ili krvarenje bradavica može izložiti dijete na zaraženom krvi . Tip Postoje sedam različitih vrsta hepatitisa . Sedam različite vrste su hepatitis A, B , C , D , E , F i G. Hepatitis A, B i C su najčešći oblici . Cjepivo postoji za oba hepatitisa A i B , ali ne postoji za hepatitis C. Hepatitis C se općenito smatranajteži oblik hepatitisa zbog svog potencijala da izazove ozbiljne bolesti jetre koja može dovesti do smrti . From:http://hr.265health.com/conditions-treatments/hepatitis/1016040062.html