http___hr.akwchina.com_a-321-steel-bridge_1.xml
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Steel Bridge The success of the Bailey bridge was due to the simplicity of the fabrication and assembly of its modular components, combined with the ability to erect and deploy sections with a minimum of assistance from heavy equipment. Most, if not all, previous designs for military bridges required cranes... Detailed description The success of the Bailey bridge was due to the simplicity of the fabrication and assembly of its modular components, combined with the ability to erect and deploy sections with a minimum of assistance from heavy equipment. Most, if not all, previous designs for military bridges required cranes to lift the pre-assembled bridge and lower it into place. The Bailey parts were made of standard steel alloys, and were simple enough that parts made at a number of different factories could be completely interchangeable. Each individual part could be carried by a small number of men, enabling army engineers to move more easily and more quickly than before, in preparing the way for troops and matériel advancing behind them. Finally, the modular design allowed engineers to build each bridge to be as long and as strong as needed, doubling or tripling up on the supportive side panels, or on the roadbed sections. The basic bridge consists of three main parts. The bridge's strength is provided by the panels on the sides. The panels are 10-foot-long (3.0 m), 5-foot-high (1.5 m), cross-braced rectangles that each weigh 570 pounds (260 kg), and can be lifted by six men. The panel was constructed of welded steel. The top and bottom chord of each panel had interlocking male and female lugs that engineers could inset panel connecting pins. The floor of the bridge consists of a number of 19-foot-wide (5.8 m) transoms that run across the bridge, with 10-foot-long (3.0 m) stringers running between them on the bottom, forming a square. Transoms rest on the lower chord of the panels, and clamps hold them together. Stringers are placed on top of the completed structural frame, and wood planking is placed on top of the stringers to provide a roadbed. Ribands bolt the planking to the stringers. Later in the war, the wooden planking was covered by steel plates, which were more resistant to the damage caused by tank tracks. Each unit constructed in this fashion creates a single 10-foot-long (3.0 m) section of bridge, with a 12-foot-wide (3.7 m) roadbed. After one section is complete it is typically pushed forward over rollers on the bridgehead, and another section built behind it. The two are then connected together with pins pounded into holes in the corners of the panels. For added strength several panels (and transoms) can be bolted on either side of the bridge, up to three. Another solution is to stack the panels vertically. With three panels across and two high, the Bailey Bridge can support tanks over a 200-foot span (61 m). Footways can be installed on the outside of the side-panels, the side-panels form an effective barrier between foot and vehicle traffic and allow pedestrians to safely use the bridge. A useful feature of the Bailey bridge is its ability to be launched from one side of a gap. In this system the front-most portion of the bridge is angled up with wedges into a "launching nose" and most of the bridge is left without the roadbed and ribands. The bridge is placed on rollers and simply pushed across the gap, using manpower or a truck or tracked vehicle, at which point the roller is removed (with the help of jacks) and the ribands and roadbed installed, along with any additional panels and transoms that might be needed. During World War II, Bailey bridge parts were made by companies with little previous experience of this kind of engineering. Although the parts were simple, they had to be precisely manufactured if they were fit each other correctly, so they were assembled into a test bridge at the factory to make sure of this. To do this efficiently, newly manufactured parts would be continuously added to the test bridge, while at the same time the far end of the test bridge was continuously dismantled and the parts dispatched to the end-users. Bailey bridge Modern Bailey bridges Bailey bridges are in regular use throughout the world in the 21st century. Some exceptional examples include: The longest Bailey bridge was put into service in October 1975. This 788 metres (2,585 ft), two-lane bridge crossed the Derwent River at Hobart, Australia. It was opened around a year after the Tasman Bridge disaster destroyed the only river crossing and effectively divided the city in two. The Bailey bridge was in use until the reconstruction of the Tasman Bridge was completed on 8 October 1977. A Bailey bridge between the Suru River and Dras River in Ladakh, India is the highest bridge in the world at an altitude of 5,602 metres (18,379 ft) above sea level. It was built in 1982 by the Indian Army.[15] In the mid-1950s auto racing circuit Lime Rock Park in Lakeville, Connecticut purchased a war-surplus Bailey Bridge so vehicles could enter/exit the infield and paddock sections of the track while races were taking place. The bridge has been in continuous service since, and was relocated to new, raised pilings in the spring of 2008. The track believes this may be the sole-remaining WWII-era Bailey Bridge in regular daily public service in the U.S. An under-construction footbridge at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Delhi), one of the main venues for 2010 Commonwealth Games, collapsed a few weeks before the opening ceremony, injuring 27 people. The Delhi Government requested the Indian Army to construct a Bailey bridge to replace it. The 3 Engineer Regiment of the Indian Army Corps of Engineers finished the job in four days flat and at a fraction of the original cost. Medley Bridge (Oxford, England) is a Bailey bridge which was erected in 1946 and spans the River Thames backwater in Port Meadow and is still in use today (2014)
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Čelik mosta Uspjeh pontonski most je zbog jednostavnosti izradu i sastavljanje modularnih komponenti, u kombinaciji s sposobnost za uspravno i uvođenje Detailed description Uspjeh pontonski most je zbog jednostavnosti izradu i sastavljanje modularnih komponenti, u kombinaciji s sposobnost za uspravno i uvođenje dijela s najmanje iz teške opreme. Većina, ako ne i sve, prethodnih dizajna za vojne mostova potrebno dizalice za podizanje mosta unaprijed sastavljen i spustiti na mjesto. Bailey dijelovi su od standardne čelične legure, i jednostavno da dijelova u brojne različite tvornice mogu biti potpuno međusobno. Svaki pojedinačni dio mogao nositi mali broj ljudi, omogućavajući vojni inženjeri se lakše i brže nego prije, pripremajući put za vojnika i ljudstvom napredovanje iza njih. Konačno, modularna dozvoljeno inženjeri izgraditi svaki most koliko i jake po potrebi, dubliranje ili utrostručavala se podržavaju strani ploče, ili na roadbed sekcije. Osnovni most se sastoji od tri glavna dijela. Most je snage osigurava ploče sa strane. Ploče su 10-foot-dugo (3,0 m), 5-noga-visok (1,5 m), križ-rešetkasti pravokutnika svaki 570 kila (260 kg) i može se podići od šest ljudi. Na ploči je izgrađena od zavarenog čelika. Vrhu i dnu tetive svaka ploča je utoreni muške i ženske stopice da inženjeri mogao umetnuti ploča povezivanje igle. Kat mosta sastoji se od broja 19-stopalo-širok (5.8 m) lajsne to trčanje preko mosta, sa 10-foot-dugo (3,0 m) doušnike trčanje između njih na dnu, tvore kvadrat. Krmeno zrcalo postavite na niže tetive ploče i stezaljke ih održati na okupu. Doušnike smješteni su na vrhu završio strukturni okvir, a drvene oplate je smješten na vrhu doušnike kako bi osigurao roadbed. Ribands vijak oplate za doušnike. Kasnije u ratu, drvene oplate je pokriven od strane čelične ploče, koje su otpornije na oštećenja nastala zbog pjesme tenk. Svaka jedinica konstruiran na taj način stvara jedan 10-foot-dugo (3,0 m) dio mosta, s 12-stopalo-širok (3.7 m) roadbed. Nakon što završi jedan dio to se obično promovira preko valjaka na na mostobrane, a drugi dio izgrađen iza njega. Dva su onda povezani igle mi je snažno tuklo u rupe u uglovima ploče. Za dodatnu snagu nekoliko panela (i lajsne) mogu biti pričvršćeni na obje strane mosta, do tri. Drugo rješenje je da se stog ploče okomito. Sa tri ploče preko i dva velika, pontonski most može podrška tenkova tijekom niza godina 200 stopa (61 m). Putevi mogu biti instaliran na vanjskoj strani panela, bočne ploče čine učinkovita barijera između stopala i vozila prometom i omogućiti pješacima sigurno korištenje mosta. Koristan lice pontonski most je njegova sposobnost da se lansira s jedne strane razmak. U ovom sustavu otvorena-veći dio mosta je usmjereno prema gore s klinovi u "pokretanje nos" i većina mosta je ostalo bez roadbed i ribands. Most je stavljen na valjcima i jednostavno gurnula preko jaz, koristeći radne snage ili kamion ili evidentiranih vozila, na kojem trenutku valjak je uklonjena (uz pomoć dizalice) i ribands i roadbed instaliran, kao i bilo koje dodatne ploče i lajsne koje mogu biti potrebne. Tijekom drugog svjetskog rata pontonski most dijelovi su poduzeća s malo iskustva ove vrste inženjerstva. Iako dijelovi su bili jednostavni, morali su biti precizno proizvedeni ako su bili međusobno uklapaju ispravno, tako da su se okupili test most u tvornici kako bi bio siguran u to. To učiniti učinkovito, novo izrađeni dijelovi bi se kontinuirano dodati test most, dok u isto vrijeme kraju testa most kontinuirano rastavili i dijelove poslao krajnjim korisnicima. Pontonski mostPontonski most inOntario, Kanada Pontonski most preko bijeli Nil, Juba, Južni Sudan Pontonski most preko Wadi el Kuf, Libiji, s mosta sekcije koristi da izgradi i podržava Sposobnosti-Hamilton mosta, 4 Walton mosta Moderni Bailey mostova Bailey mostovi su redovito koristi diljem svijeta u 21. Nekih iznimne primjera: Bailey most je stavljen u službu u listopadu 1975. Ovaj 788 m (2,585 ft), dva traka mosta prešao rijeku Derwent Hobart, Australija. Otvoren je oko godinu dana nakon Tasman most katastrofa uništila prijelaza samo rijeke i učinkovito dijeli grad na dva dijela. Pontonski most je u upotrebi dok se ne obnovi Tasman mosta je na 8. listopada 1977. 2.A pontonski most između Suru rijeke i Dras rijeke u Ladakh, Indija je najviši most na svijetu na nadmorskoj visini od 5.602 km m (18,379 ft) iznad morske razine. U 1982 je sagradio indijske vojske. 3. u sredinom 1950-ih auto utrke sklop vapno Rock Park u Lakeville, Connecticut kupili rat-višak pontonski most tako da vozila mogu unijeti/izlaz okućnica i ergela dijelovi staze dok utrke događaju. Most je bio u službi kontinuirano od i je premješteno na novi, podigli stupova u proljeće 2008. Staze vjeruje da to može biti jedini preostali WWII-ere pontonski most u redovite dnevne javnih usluga u SAD-u 4. i pod-građevinskog pješački most na Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Herceg), jedno od glavnih borilišta za igre Commonwealtha 2010, srušio nekoliko tjedana prije svečanosti, ranivši 27 ljudi. Delhi vlada zatražila indijske vojske konstruirati pontonski most da ga zamijeni. 3 puk inženjer indijski armijski korpus inženjera završio posao u četiri dana stan i na djelić izvorne cijene. 5. mješovito Bridge (Oxford, Engleska) je pontonski most koji je podignut 1946 i obuhvaća rukavce rijeke Temze luka livadi i danas je još uvijek u uporabi (2014)