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background Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as coronary heart disease (CHD), occurs when the coronary arteries (the blood vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle) gradually become narrowed or blocked by plaque (a combination of fatty material, calcium, scar tissue, and proteins) deposits. The plaque deposits decrease the space through which blood can flow, leading to poor blood flow. As platelets (disc-shaped particles in the blood that aid clotting) come to the area, blood clots form around the plaque, causing the artery to narrow even further. Sometimes, the blood clot breaks apart, and blood supply is restored. In other cases, the blood clot (coronary thrombus) may totally block the blood supply to the heart muscle (coronary occlusion). This lack of blood flow (called ischemia) can "starve" some of the heart muscle and lead to chest pain (angina). A heart attack (myocardial infarction) results when blood flow is completely blocked, usually by a blood clot forming over a plaque that has ruptured. Unhealthy habits, such as a diet high in cholesterol and other fats, smoking, and lack of exercise accelerate the deposit of fat and calcium within the inner lining of coronary arteries. CAD is the most common form of heart disease and the leading cause of death in men and women in the United States. CAD affects about 14 million men and women in the United States, and claims more lives than the other seven leading causes of death combined. Atherosclerosis: Coronary artery disease is a type of atherosclerosis in which plaque builds up inside the arteries that carry blood to the heart. As the artery walls thicken, the passageway for blood narrows. Sometimes platelets gather at the narrow area and form a clot that decreases or prevents blood flow to the region of the heart supplied by the artery. Atherosclerosis can also lead to stroke (lack of oxygen) in the brain. Related Terms Alexithymia, angina, angina pectoris, angiogenesis, angiogram, arteriogram, atherosclerosis, blood clot, C-reactive protein, cholesterol, computerized tomography angiography (CTA), coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), coronary heart disease (CHD), coronary occlusion, coronary thrombus, diabetes, enhanced external counter pulsation (EECP), heart attack, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), homocysteine, intravenous, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery (MIDCAB), myocardial infarction, obesity, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty platelet (PTCA), silent ischemia, smoking, stress test, transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR), ultrasonography.
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blokiranje arterija jenajčešći uzrok srčanog udara , obično pomoću krvnog ugruška koji je nastao unutar zidina arterija . Krvnih ugrušaka obično oblikuju u arterijama već oboljelih od ateroskleroze , što je nakupljanje naslaga i drugih materijala u arteriju . Ateroskleroza može uzrokovati srčani udar na tri načina . Masne naslage može smanjiti dotok krvi u arterije , naslage se suza sa zida arterija i početi da se formira krvni ugrušak , ili suziti arterije ostaju u stanju izvršiti krv bogatu kisikom u srce . arterija grč spazam arterije uzrokuje sužavanje arterija , sprečavanje krv bogatu kisikom da dođe do srca . Grčevi mogu biti uzrokovane embolus (malih krvnih ugrušaka ) , nakupljanja masnih tkiva na zid arterije ili formiranja krvnog ugruška zbog plaka . Grčevi ne uzrokujesrčani udar svaki putarterije je pod utjecajem , ali to može dovesti do trajnog oštećenja srca . Droga nedopuštenih opojnih droga , kao što su kokaina , koji je ubrzao kardiovaskularni sustav , može izazvati srčani udar . Ljudi koji koriste kokain na redovito trčanje visok rizik od srčanog udara zbog povećanja doze lijeka kako bi se postiglavisoka . Crack korisnik pokrenuti iznimno visok rizik od srčanog udara zbog učestalosti u kojem oni koriste droge . Crack high obično traje kratko vrijeme , vrlo je zarazna i uzrokuje ovisniku tražiti koristiti nekoliko puta dnevno . Methamphetamines može uzrokovati slične probleme zbog tendencijom povećanja broja otkucaja srca . Zdravstvena stanja Ako ste pate od visokog krvnog tlaka , dijabetesa , visokog kolesterola , pretilosti ili pretili, vi ste na rizik za srčani udar . Ova pitanja su složen , akoosoba koja jepušač , što uvelike povećava rizik . Visoki krvni tlak se lako dijagnosticira od strane svog liječnika , a može se liječiti lijekovima , jednako visoki kolesterol i dijabetes se može kontrolirati . Kontroliranim prehrane, vježbanja i zdravih životnih navika može značajno smanjiti rizik od srčanog udara . Ljudi koji su pretili ili grubo pretežak trebali posavjetovati s liječnikom za najbolji savjet o liječenju njihovo stanje . Rizični čimbenici Neki čimbenici ne može se mijenjati kako bi se spriječio rizik od srčani udar . Ti čimbenici uključuju dob, povijest bolesti koronarnih arterija u svojoj obitelji , a žene koje su navršile završetak menopauze . Te bi trebao konzultirati svog liječnika za testiranje i liječenje savjet , ako bilo koji od navedenih faktora rizika su prisutni u medicinskoj povijesti . From:http://hr.265health.com/conditions-treatments/heart-attack/1016039149.html