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What Is the Thyroid? The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland covering the windpipe in your neck. It is part of the endocrine system, a network of glands which regulate tissue and organ function by secreting hormones into the bloodstream. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism, and growth and development with thyroid hormones (T4, T3). Thyroid hormones regulate cell metabolism (energy production), which affects nearly every organ and cell in the body. When the thyroid gland produces less hormones than the body needs, the result is hypothyroidism. When more hormones are produced than necessary, the result is hyperthyroidism . Timely detection and proper treatment of these conditions allows people to lead normal, active lives. Left untreated, serious negative health effects can result. What Are the Symptoms? What clues should you be looking for? If you have any of the following symptoms, or you suspect there is a problem with your thyroid, contact your doctor. Hypothyroidism When the thyroid is not producing enough hormones, body systems are slowed. Hypothyroidism may cause: - Slow mental activity with poor memory - Slow physical activity - Weakness and fatigue - Cold intolerance - Dry skin and hair loss - Depressed mood - Problems with menstruation - Constipation Complications of untreated hypothyroidism may include: - Goiter—An enlarged thyroid gland. - Heart-related diseases, such as heart failure, or high cholesterol. - Depression . - Peripheral neuropathy. - Infertility. - Myxedema—Swelling and thickening of the skin. If left untreated, myxedema can eventually lead to a coma. Hyperthyroidism When the thyroid produces too many hormones, body systems are sped up. Hyperthyroidism may cause: - Rapid heartbeat - Increased sweating - Nervousness - Tremors in the hand - Anxiety - Irritability - Difficulty sleeping - Problems with menstruation - Frequent bowel movements Complications of untreated hyperthyroidism include: - Abnormal heart beats, known as arrhythmias or atrial fibrillation - Heart failure - High blood pressure - Sudden cardiac arrest - Osteoporosis Subclinical Thyroid Conditions There are subclinical versions of these thyroid conditions. This occurs when you do not have symptoms, but abnormalities show up in routine blood tests. Subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are associated with increased risk of heart-related health conditions. It is generally recommended that subclinical thyroid disorders be treated, although there is some controversy. Your doctor may suggest a wait and see approach before deciding on a course of action. How Is a It Diagnosed? If you have any of the above symptoms or have risk factors for developing a thyroid disease, talk to your doctor. Tests can be ordered that will assess how your thyroid is functioning. For example, the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) test may be done. TSH, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, triggers the thyroid gland to make more thyroid hormone. The level of TSH in your body provide a good indicator of how your thyroid is working. If you have a higher-than-normal level, this may mean that you have hypothyroidism. Conversely, a lower-than-normal level may indicate hyperthyroidism. The amounts of thyroid hormones T4 and T3 can also be checked. A thyroid antibody test can also be ordered. If your body identifies the thyroid as foreign, antibodies are created to attack it. This attack can lead to damage and an increase in the production of thyroid hormones. Depending on which antibodies are present, your doctor can determine the type of thyroid disease you have. What Treatments Are Available? Hypothyroidism If you are diagnosed with hypothyroidism, normal thyroid levels may be attained by supplementing the body's hormone with a synthetic hormone medication. This medication is available in tablets and must be taken daily for life. The dosage prescribed by a doctor is carefully and gradually adjusted until a normal TSH level has been achieved. The TSH test will have to be repeated to make sure that the dosage continues to be appropriate. Taking too much of this medication can cause you to have the hyperthyroidism, so it is important that you work closely with your doctor to keep TSH at the right level. Hyperthyroidism If you are diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, the treatment is more complex and can include antithyroid drug therapy, beta-blockers, and radioactive iodine treatment. In some cases, thyroid surgery may be done, which involves removing the thyroid gland. Remember, if you are experiencing symptoms or have a family history of thyroid disease, do not be afraid to ask your doctor to do a diagnostic test. Timely detection and treatment of a thyroid disorder can greatly enhance your quality of life—for the rest of your life. - Reviewer: Michael Woods, MD - Review Date: 04/2015 -
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Homeopatija kod disfunkcije štitnjače Štitnjača ili štitna žlijezda nalazi se s prednje strane vrata, odmah ispod Adamove jabučice, uglavnom je ne vidimo, osim kad se u njoj nalaze veći čvorovi ili je čitava žlijezda uvećana. Preko hormona koje proizvodi , štitna žlijezda utječe na gotovo sve metaboličke procese u tijelu. Luči hormon tiroksin koji ima važnu ulogu u reguliranju normalnog funkcioniranja organizma. Najčešće tegobe sa štitnjačom uključuju napravilnu proizvodnju hormona. U osnovi postoje dva oblika disfunkcije štitnjače, a to su HIPERTIREOIDIZAM (hipertireoza) - koji luči povećanu količinu hormona tiroksina, te hipotireoidizam. HIPOTIREOIDIZAM ( hipotireoza)- gdje se luči manja količina hormona. Obje bolesti se mogu lako utvrditi pretragama razine hormona štitnjače, te hormona hipofize, kao i ultrazvučnim pregledom. HIPERTIREOIDIZAM ( hipertireoza) - najčešće nastaje kao rezultat autoimunog oštećenja žlijezde, ovo stanje smatra se najčešćim hormonalnim poremećajem. Zahvaća pretežito žene u reproduktivnom životnom razdoblju. SIMPTOMI HIPERTIREOZE: - Gubitak tjelesne težine usprkos dobrom apetitu - Ubrzani puls, visoki krvni tlak - Nepodnošenje topline - Pojačana nervoza s prekomjernim znojenjem - Učestalije obavljanje velike nužda, a katkada i proljev - Mišićna slabost - Drhtanje ruku - Razvoj gušavosti (štitnjača bude povećana), a oči izbuljene HIPOTIREOIDIZAM - proistječe iz smanjene proizvodnje hormona štitnjače. Za proizvodnju tjelesne energije potrebne su određene količine hormona štitnjače, pa pad proizvodnje hormona dovodi do niže proizvodnje energije. Čest uzrok hipotireoze je Hashimotov tireoiditis, autoimuni poremećaj u kojem bijela krvna tjelešca postupno isiskuju tkivo štitnjače, koje tada napadaju protutijela, bjelančevine imunološkog sustava. Hipotireoza može biti isto tako i posljedica operacijskog odstranjenja štitnjače ili kemijskog razaranja tkiva tijekom liječenja hipertireoze. Ako ste izloženi visokoj količini joda, možda iz skrivenih izvora – lijekova za prehlade i sinuse ili nekog medicinskog testa, postoji veća opasnost od razvoja hipotireoze, posebice ako ste i prije imali problema sa štitnjačom. Hipotireoza je posebice opasna za novorođenčad i dojenčad, jer manjak hormona štitnjače u ranoj dobi može dovesti do duševne zaostalosti i zastoja u razvoju. SIMPTOMI HIPOTIREOZE: - Tromost - Usporeno razmišljanje - Usporeni rad srca - Povećana osjetljivost na hladnoću - Trnci ili gubitak osjeta u rukama - Razvoj gušavosti HASHIMOTOVA BOLEST – kao i u svakom autoimunom poremećaju, stvaraju se protutijela koja napadaju vlastite stanice, a u ovom slučaju štitnu žlijezdu. Poremećaj može biti povezan i s trudnoćom, ali je najčešće prolaznog karaktera. Posljedica je obično nedovoljna količina unosa joda u organizam. Simptomi nisu uočljivi kao kod povećanog rada žlijezde. Često je potrebno više vremena da se klinička slika razvije do te mjere da se posumnja u rad ove žlijezde. Prisutan je stalni umor, osoba ne podnosi hladnoću, javlja se oticanje kapaka i lica, debljina, koža postaje suha, a kosa slamnata. Homeopatija u tretiranju poremećaja štitnjače svakoj osobi pristupa individualno, te se na temelju anamneze, te uvida u liječničke nalaze određuje najbolja terapija za svaku osobu pojedinačno. Neke od homeopatskih remedija koje dobro djeluju na disfunkciju štitnjače su: Iodum, Lachesis, Arsenicum Iodatum, te mnoge dr. POŠALJITE UPIT Imamo 4 gostiju i nema članova online