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Brief Summary: The current pharmacological concept of the drug in Western (Euro-American) medicine has long been Paracelsus . Although adapogens and medicinal plants are once again recognized, it is appropriate to clarify that drug assessment and all pharmaceutical legislation are still implicitly governed by Paracelsus' view. Paracelsus and its pharmaceutical innovations In the 16th century, Paracelsus was a great pioneer in the use of minerals and inorganic substances in European pharmacotherapy, which was based mainly on herbs. He has achieved success with the treatment of syphilis with mercury salts administered in small doses; he has been banned from publishing after he rightly described the guajak wood used to date to be inappropriate against syphilis. The true stories that Paracelsus has dealt with witchcraft, alchemy, hermetism, exploration of so-called minerals signatures , amulets, and refusal to treat astral bodies as defamation. On the other hand, I see in his attempt to generalize medical science, which was better than in the 20th century in the unified theory of medicine to which the concept of adaptogen follows. In this sense, Paracelsus and modern scientists dealing with adaptogens tried to do the same. Chronic poisoning with arsenic and mercury compounds eventually left Paracelsus himself alone . After his death, the glory of Paracelsus drugs continued to grow, mainly in the treatment of syphilis and generally in antibacterial substances, culminating in the discovery of salvarsan, antibiotic compounds of bismuth, penicillin, sulfonamides, tetracycline and modern antibiotics ( Aminov2010bha ). In the hilt of his sword, Paracelsus wore his secret cure - laudanum - which he had saved only for the most difficult and fatally ill. It was an opioid analgesic in the form of small pills . Opioids also included a famous Venetian dry-waiter, and palliative care for those who are still ill. According to the Paracels maxima " sola dosis facit venenum ", each active substance is poison or drug depending on the dose. This maxim is illustrated by the fact that even water or glucose can be poisoned in sufficient quantity. Paracelsus drug therapy also uses treatment with poisonous substances, the potency of which is expressed by the therapeutic index - an overdose of an effective dose (ED 50 ) to a toxic dose (LD 50 ) (see wikipedia ). The effective dose of ED 50 is that in which 50% of patients are treated or, depending on the type of disease, 50% of the patient's condition is adjusted. The toxic dose LD50 is that at which 50% of laboratory animals are degraded (converted to kilogram live weight). According to Paracelsov's view, each drug is linked to a specific indication - the main effect of which ED 50 enters the therapeutic index. Other effects are referred to as side effects. The Paracelsus view of the drugs is as follows: Paracelsus paradigm of the drug - Each drug has a specific indication (main effect) and has an effective dose (ED 50 ). - Each drug is a poison and each drug has a lethal dose (LD 50 ). The LD 50 / ED 50 ratio expresses the quality of the drug. - Effects beyond the main effect are referred to as side effects. When I say that today's legislation follows the above-mentioned view, I do not overdo it. It does not distinguish between poisons and drugs. It only distinguishes between strong and weakly active substances. For example, Decree of Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic No. 343/2003 Coll. separates medicinal plants to "very strong", "very potent" and "other used", and the deadly poisonous plants (spruce, hellebore, bayonet, oleander, mandragory, highly effective ". Adaptogens are generally classified as "other used", ie implicitly ineffective. The non-distinction between drugs and poisons also means that pharmaceutical laws inherited from the 20th century do not talk about drug toxicity but about so-called "side effects". Paracelsus' view of adaptogens can not be balanced Paracelsus's legislative view of adaptogens does not matter. They view them as food ("dietary supplements"), placebo (inactive substances and other homeopathic medicines), or as panacea ("herbs" without indications). Good adaptogens do not have an LD50 and therefore their therapeutic index can not be quantified. Adaptogens also have no major effect. An effective dose of adaptogen (ED 50 ) in specific indications can be measured, but this does not reflect the overall quality of the adaptogen. This problem has been solved only by the definition that introduces the adaptogen as a separate drug ideal for which a real pharmacist may be more or less close. I do not see Paracelsa or today's legislators ignorant of the fact that there are even harmless effective drugs. Paracelsus was a pioneer worthy of respect. It is not that any theory he has created has led the legislator today to a shame. The Paracelsus paradigm chose the legislation because it best suits its interests. Drug legislation was largely introduced in response to poison scandals, such as cocaine and opium pills from the 1920s, radioactive preparations for internal use from the 1930s and thalidomide scandals of the 1950s. The institutionalization of medicines, including harmless medicinal plants, is only one of many facets of progressive institutionalization of all aspects of human life and the progressive buildup of laws and decrees that have proven demonstrably in the 20th century without leading to a fairer world. (See also Comparison of Adaptogens and Paracelsus Drugs .)
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Trenutna farmakološka koncept u zapadne medicine (euro-američki) praksi droga je odavno Paracelsian. Iako adaptogens i ljekovitog bilja opet dobivanjem priznanja, potrebno je pojasniti da je bilo procjena lijekova i farmaceutskih zakonodavstva i dalje implicitno uređeno paracelsovským izgled. Paracelsusa i farmaceutski inovacije Paracelsus u 16. stoljeću, veliki pionir korištenje minerala i organskih supstanci u Europskoj farmakoterapije, koji je tada bio temelji uglavnom na biljkama. Bio je uspješan u liječenju sifilisa živine soli daje u malim dozama, zabrana objaviti pristigle nakon pravom naziva do guaiac drva koje se koristi za neučinkovit protiv sifilisa. Istinite priče da je Paracelsus bave čaranja, alkemijom, hermetizma, uvidom u tzv. Potpisa minerala, proizvodnja amajlije i liječenje tzv. Astralno tijelo odbiti tumačiti kao klevetu. Naprotiv, vidim ih u njihovim nastojanjima da generalizacije medicinske znanosti, koji je dobio bolji oblik u 20. stoljeću u jedinstvenu teoriju medicine , koja prati termin adaptogen. U tom smislu, Paracelsus i moderni znanstvenici su adaptogens učine isto. Kronično trovanje spojevi arsena i žive na kraju i sam Paracelsus je umro . Nakon njegove smrti, slave paracelsovských lijekovi i dalje rasti, posebno u liječenju sifilisa i općenito antibakterijskih sredstava, sve do 20. stoljeća, što je kulminiralo u otkriću Salvarsan, bizmut antibiotski spojevi, penicilin, sulfonamida, antibiotika tetraciklina i moderni ( Aminov2010bha ). U držak svog mača nosio Paracelsus svoj tajni lijek - laudanuma - koji je spasio samo za najteže slučajeve i terminalno bolesnih pacijenata. Bilo je opioidni analgetik u obliku sitnih tableta . Opioidi za palijativnom liječenju bolesne koristi i danas. Prema Paracelsusa maksima „Sola dosis facit venenum” je bilo koja djelatna tvar otrov ili lijek, ovisno o dozi. Ovaj Maxim nastavnici volio da ilustriraju činjenicu da je čak i voda ili glukoza u dovoljnim količinama može otrovati. Paracelsian farmakoterapija za liječenje i voli koristiti otrovnih tvari čiji je terapijski indeks odražava moć - reverzne učinkovite doze (ED50) u toksičnih doza (LD50) (vidi, Wikipedia ). Međutim, efektivna doza je ED50 u kojem liječi 50% pacijenata, ili (ovisno o vrsti bolesti) kako bi se namještanje 50% bolesnika. Toksična doza LD50 je ona u kojoj (izračunato po kg tjelesne težine) 50% kreštanje laboratorijske životinje. Prema paracelsovského perspektivu, jer svaka droga povezan s određenom naznakom -. Pod nazivom Glavni efekt, ED50 ulazi terapeutskog indeksa. Ostali učinci se nazivaju sekundarnim. Paracelsian pogled na droge je kako slijedi: Paracelsian paradigma medicine - Svaki lijek ima specifičnu oznaku (glavni učinak), a ima efektivnu dozu (ED 50). - Svaka tvar je otrov i stoga svaki lijek ima letalne doze (LD50). Omjer LD50 / ED50 ukazuje na kvalitetu lijeka. - Učinci izvan glavne efekt je poznat kao nuspojava. Kad kažem da je današnji zakoni upravljaju gore mišljenju, ne pretjerujem. Među otrova i lijekova imala nikakvu razliku. Samo razlikuje tvrdih i mekih droga. Na primjer, Ministarstvo zdravstva uredbe br. 343/2003 kojom Coll. podijeljen na ljekovitog bilja „vrlo moćan”, „moćan” i „drugi”, u kojoj otrovne biljke (mlječika, čemerika, velebilje, oleander, Mandrake, ricinusovo, jedić, tisa, čemerika ...) među „vrlo moćan”. Adaptogens ovaj dekret leži uglavnom između „druge svrhe”, to je to. Implicitno nedjelotvornim. Non-diferencijacija između lijekova i otrova dalje uzrokuje farmaceutske zakona naslijeđenih iz 20. stoljeća govori o toksičnosti lijekova, ali je tzv. „Nuspojave”. Paracelsian pogled s adaptogena ne može nositi Paracelsian zakonodavni pogled adaptogena ne stane. Oni se gleda na njih kao hranu ( „dodataka prehrani”), placebom ( „trava”), ili kao panaceja. Dobri adaptogens imaju LD50 i stoga se ne može izračunati terapijski indeks. Adaptogens također imaju veliki utjecaj. Adaptogens efektivne doze (ED50) u specifičnim indikacijama može mjeriti, ali to ne odražava ukupnu kvalitetu adaptogen. To je riješilo problem definicije koji se uspostavlja poseban adaptogen idealan lijek za koji se fer lijekovi mogu više ili manje bliski. Ne sumnjate Paracelsus i danas zastupnikom iz neznanja činjenice da postoje učinkoviti lijekovi i potpuno bezopasna. Paracelsus je bio pionir dostojan. To nije teorija da je on stvorio danas je donio zakonodavac zalutali. Paracelsian paradigma zakona izabrao, jer oni najbolje odgovarati njezine interese. Propisi o lijekovima uvedena je u velikoj mjeri kao odgovor na skandalima sa otrovima kao što su kokain i opijum tableta od 20 godina, OTC radioaktivni pripreme za internu upotrebu od 30 godina i talidomid skandal u 50-tih godina 20. stoljeća. Institucionalizacija lijekova, uključujući i bezopasne ljekovitih biljaka je samo jedan od mnogih aspekata u tijeku institucionalizacije svih aspekata ljudskog života i unapređenja širenje zakona i propisa za koji je u 20. stoljeću je dokazano, bez dovodi do pravednijeg svijeta. (Vidi također usporedbi adaptogena i paracelsovských droge ).