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background LASIK is the acronym for laser in situ keratomileusis, sometimes referred to as laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis. The name refers to the use of a laser to reshape the cornea without invading the neighboring cell layers. In situ is Greek for "in the natural or normal place." Medically, in situ means confined to the site of origin without invasion of neighboring tissues. Kerato is the Greek word for cornea and mileusis means "to shape." LASIK is a type of refractive eye surgery that may reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses by permanently changing the shape of the cornea (the delicate clear covering on the front of the eye). Refractive eye surgery is a surgical procedure that changes the way the eye refracts light. As light rays enter the eye, the cornea and lens bend (refract) the rays to focus them on the back of the eye, the retina. If a patient has a refractive error, the eye is shaped in such a way that light rays are not sharply focused on the retina. The cornea is the part of the eye that helps focus light to create an image on the retina. Usually the shape of the cornea and the eye are not perfect and the image on the retina is out-of-focus (blurred) or distorted. These imperfections in the focusing power of the eye are called refractive errors. There are three primary types of refractive errors: myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. Persons with myopia, or nearsightedness, have more difficulty seeing distant objects as clearly as near objects. Persons with hyperopia, or farsightedness, have more difficulty seeing near objects as clearly as distant objects. Astigmatism is a distortion of the image on the retina caused by irregularities in the cornea or lens of the eye. Combinations of myopia and astigmatism or hyperopia and astigmatism are common. LASIK surgery is most commonly used to correct myopia. LASIK eye surgery was developed in 1990 by doctors Lucio Buratto and Ioannis Pallikaris. It is a refinement of an earlier procedure, photorefractive keratotomy (PRK), which also uses ultraviolet laser light to disrupt tissue in the cornea for removal or reshaping to achieve sharper vision. LASIK has been performed internationally for approximately ten years. It was first performed in clinical trials in the United States in 1995. The United States Food and Drug Administration provides a complete listing of the approval status of excimer lasers in the US on their LASIK website. Related Terms Astigmatism, cornea, excimer laser, eye surgery, hyperopia, laser-assisted in situ, laser epithelial keratomileusis, laser vision correction, LASIK, keratomileusis, myopia, photorefractive keratotomy (PRK), refractive eye surgery, refractory surgery, vision correction.
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Laser in- situ keratomileusis ( LASIK ) Operacija je rezerviran za liječenje kratkovidnosti . Nearsightedness događa kadarožnica je previše strma . U LASIK kirurg stvara preklopom na vrhu rožnice ( s oštricom ili laser ) izložiti tkivo ispod . On je tada čini strukturne promjene na rožnici ( smanjenje kosine ) pomoću eksimerskog lasera . Nakon provedenog postupka,lepršati se presavijeni natrag na mjesto i dopustio da ozdravi sama po sebi . Oporavak vrijeme za LASIK kreće se od nekoliko dana do tjedan dana . LASIK kirurgija je daleko najpopularniji interventno oko kirurgija za kratkovidnost . Photorefractive Keratectomy ( PRK ) Photorefractive Keratectomy ( PRK ) operacija je slična LASIK i koristi za liječenje blage do umjerene miopiju ( kratkovidnosti ) . To čini korištenje istog računala vođena eksimerskog lasera koji se koristi u LASIK napraviti strukturne promjene na površini rožnice . Prema US Food and Drug Administration , PRK ima stopu uspješnosti od 95 posto . Vrijeme je za PRK oporavak može proširiti i na nekoliko tjedana . Iz tog razloga , mnogi ljudi vole LASIK na PRK . Radial keratotomy ( RK ) Radial keratotomy ( RK ) Operacija je prvi put uveden u SAD-u 1978 . To je još jedan kirurški opcija za ljude koji pate od blage slučaju kratkovidnosti . Kirurg koristi dijamantni skalpel stvoriti sićušne krakova u obliku slova rezova u rožnice , što uzrokuje ravnanje optičke zone rožnice a (u sredini) . Glavni nedostatak RK operacije jedugotrajan oporavak vrijeme , što može produljiti za nekoliko tjedana . Automatizirano Lamelarni Keratoplasty ( ALK ) Automatizirani lamelarnih keratoplasty ( ALK ) je rezerviran za općenito liječenje dalekovidnosti ili nekim ekstremnim slučajevima kratkovidnosti . Farsightedness nastaje kada površini rožnice je također ravna . ALK za dalekovidnosti uključuje kirurg stvara preklop čineći dubok rez na rožnici . Tlak unutar oka uzrokujerožnice proširiti i na taj načinprethodno ravnog rožnica bude ispravno izbočen . Za liječenje kratkovidnosti ,kirurg stvara Poklopac na rožnici , a zatim uklanja tanku krišku tkiva kako bi se smanjila kosine rožnice . Astigmatičan keratotomy ( AK ) astigmatičan keratotomy ( AK ) se koristi za liječenje astigmatizam ( zamagljen vid ) , koja je uzrokovana abnormalnosti u obliku rožnice . AK sličan RK time, da uključuje izradu mikroskopske rezova u rožnici . AK razlikuje od RK time da su rezovi su zakrivljene uzorkom . From:http://hr.265health.com/surgeries-operations/laser-eye-surgery/1016024363.html