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The Omegas and their Vital Importance to Equine Health - Dr. Eleanor Kellon, Staff Veterinary Specialist for Uckele Health & Nutrition If you are someone devoted to reading about your horse's health and nutrition, you have surely come across the topic of essential fatty acids. This is an area that needs a lot more research, but is very critical to your horse's well being. Fats are critically important in the body. They form the membrane surrounding all cells. Fats and fat derived substances like cholesterol also form a protective barrier on skin, hair and hoof to keep moisture levels in the tissue normal without allowing moisture from outside in. Some hormones are derived from fats. Fats are the starting point for both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins. They are also an important storage form of calories that the horse can draw on when diet is inadequate. You've heard that fat and water don't mix. This just means that fats don't dissolve in water or the water based serum in the blood. They are primarily transported in the form of triglycerides, which are three fatty acids hooked to a backbone of a glycerol molecule. In this form they can be transported in the blood. Fat is so essential in the body that the horse is able to use glucose or amino acids to manufacture a wide range of fatty acids with two exceptions – the essential fatty acids. The two essential fatty acids are the omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and omega-6 linoleic acid (LA). The term essential refers to the fact they must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them. These fatty acids are primarily of interest because of their roles in the immune system. LA is converted to arachidonic acid (AA) which is involved in inflammation while ALA can be converted to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) which are antiinflammatory. In horses, the omega-3 fatty acids also appear to be involved in immune reactions in the skin. The actual requirements for essential fatty acids has not been determined in horses and in nature will vary depending on the time of year. It is highest with young growths of grass and lowest in winter when the only live vegetation may be dormant buds. The ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 is as important as the total dose. Research in other species has shown excessive intake of omega-6 compared to omega-3 may predispose to chronic illnesses such as metabolic syndrome, arthritis and brain/psychological disorders. Equine research has confirmed supplementing with high levels of omega-3 can help control allergic reactions. In the absence of formal research to determine the optimal ratio of omega-3:omega-6 for horses we can turn to the natural diet for information. Feral horses on a diet of grass and browse consume four times more omega-3 than omega-6 fatty acids. By contrast, horses fed hay get very little omega-3 because this fatty acid is extremely fragile and lost during curing and storage. Grains and vegetable oils are also much higher in omega-6 than omega-3. Unless a horse is on good pasture, they need a concentrated source of omega-3 fatty acids. Fortunately, there's an easy solution. Both flax seed and chia seeds are rich in omega-3 fats with a 4:1 ratio of omega-3:omega-6 that mirrors grass. For horses that need an immediate anti-inflammatory boost, small amounts of fish oil to provide EPA and DHA can be added since research has shown that ALA supplementation does not automatically lead to higher EPA and DHA. Understanding essential fatty acids and what they do can be a bit complicated but the solution to filling this need for your horse does not have to be. If the horse is not on fresh grass you need a flax or flax and chia based supplement that provides the 4:1 ratio of omega-3 to omega-6.
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Masne kiseline nisu proizvedeni od strane tijela , tako da je važno da se ove esencijalne masne kiseline kroz prehranu . Roditelji mogu dodati tih masnih kiselina na svoje dijete u prehrani kroz riblje štapiće , losos pljeskavice , ili dodavanjem dodatak kao što su laneno ulje , za svakodnevnu hranu . Djeca bi trebala dobiti između 300 i 350 mg ribljeg ulja dnevno . Vrste Postoji nekoliko vrsta ribljeg ulja . Eico sapentaenoic kiseline ( EPA) i dokozaheksaenskom kiseline ( DHA ) su obje vrste omega - 3 masnih kiselina koje se mogu stečenih kroz jesti masnu ribu poput lososa . Alfa - linolenske kiseline ( ALA ) je takođervrsta omega - 3 koji dolazi iz biljaka poput lana . Omega - 6 je također bitan masnih kiselina koja se dobiva kroz izvora kao što su orasi i biljnog ulja . Upozorenje Kao i kod svega , važno je imati ravnotežu . Riblje ulje može imati suprotan učinak na malu djecu ako se veći , ili akokonzumacija omega-6 premašuje iznos od omega - 3 . Ako esencijalne masne kiseline već se proguta kroz prehranu , nije potrebno poduzeti dodatne dodataka . Razmatranja Neke ribe ne sadrže visoke žive broji , što bi moglo štetne za dijete u velikim količinama . Iz tog razloga , mala djeca ne bi trebala jesti ribu više od dva puta tjedno ograničiti taj rizik . Fun Fact losos i tuna imaju niže razine žive , kao i više razine omega -3. From:http://hr.265health.com/family-health/toddlers-health/1016081245.html