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background Dengue (pronounced den'-ghee) fever is a leading cause of illness and death in the tropics and subtropics, with more than one-third of the world's population living in areas at risk for transmission. Dengue fever is caused by any one of four related viruses (DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3, and DENV 4) transmitted by mosquitoes. In the Western Hemisphere, the Aedes aegypti mosquito is the most important vector (transmitter) of dengue viruses. However, in 2001, an outbreak in Hawaii was found to be transmitted by the Aedes albopictus mosquito. Currently, there are no preventive dengue virus vaccines and no specific medications to treat a dengue infection. Since dengue fever is a mosquito-transmitted infection, prevention and protection against bites is essential. Early detection and rapid response can reduce the severity of the infection. As many as 100 million people are infected yearly. In 2007, a total of 900,782 cases of dengue fever were reported in the Americas, with 26,413 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), outbreaks were reported in 11 countries. Dengue fever has been a worldwide problem since the 1950s. Occurring rarely in the continental United States, dengue fever is endemic in Puerto Rico and in many popular tourist destinations in Latin America and Southeast Asia. There have been periodic outbreaks in Samoa and Guam. Other locations of outbreaks include northern Argentina, northern Australia, the entirety of Bangladesh, Barbados, Bolivia, Belize, Brazil, Cambodia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Laos, Malaysia, Mexico, Micronesia, Panama, Paraguay, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad, Venezuela, and Vietnam, and increasingly in southern China. Related Terms Arbovirus infections, breakbone fever, circulatory collapse, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue infection, dengue shock syndrome, dengue virus, DENV, DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3, DENV 4, DF, DHF, DSS, epidemic, Flaviviridae, Flaviviridae infections, Flavivirus, RNA virus infections. types of the disease Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a severe form of dengue infection caused by the same viruses that cause dengue fever. It is characterized by thrombocytopenia (abnormally low platelets) and hemoconcentration (decreased fluid content in the blood; grades I and II) and is distinguished by a positive tourniquet test (the appearance of small hemorrhages (bleeding from ruptured blood vessels) or petechiae (small red dots caused by broken blood vessels) on the skin after the application of a tourniquet or blood pressure cuff). If unrecognized or left untreated, DHF can be fatal. With proper treatment, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates a mortality rate of less than 1%. When accompanied by circulatory failure and shock (grades III and IV), DHF is called dengue shock syndrome (DSS). As there is no cross-immunity or form of competitive interference between strains, it is possible to have DF four times, once from each DF virus.
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Prema NIH , postoje četiri Denga virusa koji može izazvati denga hemoragične groznice . Općenito , ova infekcija se javlja kada ljudi uloviti neku drugu vrstu denga virusa nakon što su zaražene jednom denga virusa u prošlosti , prema NLH . Od 100 milijuna slučajeva denga groznice koji se događaju u svijetu svake godine , samonekoliko tih slučajeva pretvoriti u denga hemoragijske groznice . Denga groznica obično rezultira kadaosoba ugrizla zaraženih komaraca . Rizici ljudi koji su razvili antitijela za borbu protiv denga virusa iz prethodnih denga virusnih infekcija , onih koji su mlađi od 12 godina , žensko , a Azijska su na veći rizik za razvoj denga hemoragične groznice , prema NIH . Oni putuju u tropskim urbanim područjima u svijetu ili kome žive u tim područjima također su velika opasnost za ovu infekciju , prema Centers for Disease Control (CDC) . Simptomi Kadaosoba zaražena Denga hemoragijska groznica mogu osjetiti simptome denga groznice , kao što su smanjenje apetita , groznica, bolovi u mišićima i povraćanje , prema NIH . Međutim , nakon nekoliko dana ,zaražena osoba obično postaje znojan , nemirno , razdražljivo i ulazi u stanje šoka . Osobe s ovom bolesti mogu također doživjela osip, crvene oči i grlo , slab puls , povećana jetra i nizak krvni tlak , prema NIH . Teška glavobolja , povišena temperatura i krvarenje , što može dovesti do smrti također može dovesti , prema CDC . Liječenje Ako netko ima simptome ove vrste groznice , ona preporučuje se da se hitno zatražiti hitno liječenje . Prema NIH , ne postoji lijek , ali ako se simptomi tretira brzo ,osoba zaražena još uvijek ne može preživjeti . Liječenje može uključivati transfuziju krvi , IV tekućine i terapija kisikom . Ako se simptomi ne liječi ,osoba može doživjeti napadaje, šok i jetre te oštećenje mozga prema NIH . Prevencija /Solution Denga hemoragijska groznica može se spriječiti uzimanjem dodatne mjere opreza oko komaraca prilikom posjete tropska područja svijeta . Korištenje repelenti protiv komaraca , spava okružen mreže protiv komaraca , a nosio dugim rukavima košulje i hlače su dobre mjere opreza treba poduzeti kako bi se spriječilo prijenos ove infekcije . From:http://hr.265health.com/conditions-treatments/viruses/1016120072.html