http___hr.adaptogens.com_c-1313.aspx_1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 13.1 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 15.1 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 17.1 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 19.1 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 21.1 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.6 23.1 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 24.6 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.8 25.9 25.10 25.11 26.1 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 28.1 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 29.6 29.7 29.8 29.9 30.1 30.2 30.3
What is inflammation The inflammation is caused by tissue damage and according to classical medicine is characterized by four attributes: - calor - heat, increased temperature of the inflamed body part - dolor - pain - rust - redness of the inflamed body - tumor - swelling Damaged cells release inflammatory signaling molecules (histamine and prostaglandin) that lead to the expansion of the capillaries of the inflamed body. Histamine and prostaglandin also cause increased temperature and blood circulation (redness) of the inflamed body parts. These signal molecules also have two other effects: - They invoke immune cells (leukocytes) into the inflamed body. - It causes increased pain in the site of inflammation. Biochemical nature of inflammation The main part of the inflammation is white blood cells, mainly macrophages. The white blood cells adhere to the capillary wall and penetrate the damaged tissue. In organs where macrophages can not hold their function (brain) microglia cells. In a simple way, there are two important activities that are involved in white blood cell inflammation: (1) fighting infection and (2) communicating with other white blood cells. Again simplified, NO synthase 2 (NOS2) , which produces disinfectants, mainly nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen radicals, is responsible for the infection. For communication, the enzyme cycloxygenase (COX) is responsible for the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes - immune communication molecules. The NOS2 and COX genes are controlled by a common controller called NF-kB (transcription factor). Macrophages in inflammation, of course, solve other tasks, such as cleaning (phagocytosis of damaged cells and parts of tissue). In the lymph nodes, macrophages present the bacteria found for another immune response. Anti-inflammatory drugs Anti-inflammatory drugs ( anti-inflammatory ) are divided into two main types: allosteric and gene-modulation . Allosteric medications include aspirin , paracetamol, ibuprofen, and similar analgesics that act directly on cyclooxygenase and thus turn off inflammatory immune communication. Genomic modulation drugs, on the other hand, act directly on the NF-kB controller, which controls the transcription of both NOS2 and COX in the cell. Genomic-modulating anti-inflammatory drugs include corticosteroids, ginseng and many other adaptogens. When inflammation hurts Inflammation is an effective response to injury and infection. Sometimes, however, inflammation is harmful. Malignant inflammation occurs, for example, in the case of cerebral and cardiac stroke , or alcoholic intoxication of the brain and liver . These inflammations are sterile (free of infection), and macrophages unnecessarily release reactive radicals (NO, superoxides ...) to fight infection. By inhibiting inflammation, we can greatly reduce tissue damage in both stroke and intoxication. Chronic inflammation Another type of malignant inflammation is chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation is often sterile (noninfectious), for example rheumatic joint inflammation (rheumatoid arthritis) or autoimmune inflammation of other organs . However, chronic inflammation may also be infectious. Infectious chronic inflammation of viral or bacterial origin arises when the patient's immunity is not sufficient to complete the infection. While autoimmune inflammation is well suited to inhibit adaptogens, chronic infectious inflammation requires antibiotic therapy . Pain in inflammation Pain is one of the basic attributes of inflammation. Pain in inflammation serves simply to allow the damaged parts of the body to give peace. The withdrawal of pain usually means healing, so pain suppression is generally desirable. But keep in mind that pain is just a symptom. Pain should naturally disappear when the cause of inflammation is resolved. The effect against inflammation is typical for adaptogens Inflammation and pain associated with it is associated with most illnesses. It is no wonder, therefore, that the "panacea" has won the adaptogens that have the ability to dampen the inflammation. These include ginseng , which I am more interested in here. Its effects are scientifically proven and can be attributed to ginseng steroid glycosides - panaxosides. However, many other classical adaptogenes have greater or lesser anti-inflammatory effects. To prove that they are not superstitions or fabrications (as doctors sometimes think), I will introduce detailed gnosis for ginseng, which I leave for other adaptogens. How ginseng suppresses inflammation and pain Ginseng glycosides (panaxosides) consist of a steroidal core (aglycon), to which several sugar residues are bound. Ginseng aglycon is called panaxatriol . Panaxatriol is formed from panaxosides in the intestine by the fact that the milky intestinal bacteria taste sweet sugarcane residues, leaving only a bitter aglycon that is easily absorbed into the bloodstream. Panaxatriol is triterpenoid (ie, steroid) in nature. Like doctors of well-known corticosteroids, panaxatriol has the ability to penetrate directly into the cell nucleus and inhibit inflammation by acting on the NF-kB transcription factor (see figure above). This fact has been proven by the Oh2004sog scientific study and many others. The effect of ginseng is a bit more complicated. Ginseng contains more panaxosides, some of which are derived not from panaxatriol, but from panaxadiol , which is also steroidal. Additionally , panaxosides can be absorbed into the bloodstream even when the sugar is not barked or is bite only partially. One of the most abundant panaxosides in ginseng is ginsenoside Rb 1 , which is strongly anti-inflammatory. Its partially biting version is called compound K and is also strongly anti-inflammatory. The Park2005ieg study demonstrated that both inhibit NF-kB, thereby reducing the production of NO and prostaglandin E2 in activated macrophages. The effect of inflammation is also on ginsenoside Rc ( Yu2016grf ) and other panaxosides ( Kim2009grg ). Ginsenosides Rh 1 and Rh 2 according to Park1996gri and Park2003aag block the development of the allergic reaction and their anti-allergy effect is stronger than better than conventional anti-allergy. Against the inflammation, not only ginseng, but also ginseng and ginseng notoginseng ( Li1999aet , Jin2007iep ). Studies of Kim2010pfc , Yu2016grf , Shin2005egr and many others confirm the effect of ginseng on gastric inflammation (gastritis), liver inflammation (hepatitis), joint inflammation (arthritis), skin inflammation (dermatitis) and other organs. Studies on the anti-inflammatory effect of ginseng are large (more than 200) and can not all be reported. The anti-inflammatory effect of ginseng is scientifically proven Overall, it can be said that it is scientifically proven as much as possible that ginseng is effective against inflammation and pain . Ginseng is suitable for suppressing muscle pain after exercise and sports , for controlling inflammation of the liver in acute or chronic intoxication, for controlling inflammation in people with diabetes , for controlling inflammation of the brain in both stroke and stroke, for suppressing myocardial infarction in the same infarct as well as damping organ inflammation in autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis ). It is a pity that such a versatile medication faces mistrust, misunderstanding, and pre-colonial doubts. Similarly, there are other anti-inflammatory adaptogens. Other adaptogens with anti-inflammatory effect Ginseng - although an excellent medicinal plant - is not the only one among anti-inflammatory adaptogens. Anti-inflammatory adaptogens have often become so famous that they are called ginseng or are part of our diet as spices. The first is the case of the vitae of snoring , which is called " Indian ginseng ". The other is a case of ginger and long-eared turmeric , which have become part of our diet as a spice, and that is why they are often consumed by those who do not even realize their healing effects. The mechanism of action of other anti-inflammatory adaptogens is often similar to ginseng. For example, vitania achieves its long-term effect by acting on NF-kB similarly to many ginsenosides ( Rasool2006irw , Grover2010ina ). The effects of ginger and turmeric against inflammation are discussed in Grzanna2005ghm , Bright2007cad and Lakhan2015zep . A very interesting anti-inflammatory adaptogen is also the Baikal Shihak ( Yoon2009aes , Dong2015bil ), whose flavonoids block the allergic reaction ( Jung2012aes , Bae2016bic , Shin2014ssb ), act against asthma ( Jang2012sii , Mabalirajan2013bra ) and soothe mast cells ( Hsieh2007bii , Shin2014pes ). Due to the correlation between inflammatory processes and cancerous growth, it is worth noting that the shihash is one of the most commonly prescribed anti-cancer herbal remedies. The list of plants effective against inflammation does not end there. The anti-inflammatory is the Chinese Gentian , which, due to the content of phytosteroids, is called " female ginseng ", the " Ginseng for the Poor ", which offers anti-inflammatory effects at a lower price ( Xu2008tsw ), fetal arrow ( Mobasheri2012iih ), Pycnogenol Liu2016paa , Kolacek2013enp , Khan2013pmn , Fan2015par ), wine resveratrol ( Mobasheri2012iih ), lotus sprout, Kirilov hairline and many others. Not every anti-inflammatory plant is an adaptogen - for example, even an old anti-inflammatory agent such as Vlachojannis2009sre has significant side effects (stomach irritation) that have led chemists to process it into aspirin and eventually synthesize it.
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 8.1 9.1 10.1 10.2 10.3 11.1 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 13.1 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 15.1 16.1 16.2 17.1 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 18.7 18.8 19.1 20.1 20.2 21.1 21.2 22.1 22.2 23.1 23.2 24.1 24.2 25.1 25.2 26.1 27.1 27.2 27.3 28.1 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 30.1 31.1 31.2 32.1 33.1 34.1 35.1 36.1 36.2 36.3 37.1 38.1 38.2 39.1
Što je upala Upala uzrokovana oštećenjem tkiva i konvencionalnoj medicini je karakteriziran četiri atributa: - CALOR - toplina, groznica upaljene dijelove tijela - bol - bol - rubor - crvenilo upaljene dijelovima tijela - Tumor - oteklina Oštećene stanice oslobađaju kemijske signalne molekule (histamin i prostaglandin) koji dovode do širenja kapilara upaljeni dio tijela. To uzrokuje povećanje temperature i crvenilo zahvaćeni dio. Upalne signalne molekule imaju dvije dodatne efekte: - Pozivanje imunih stanica (leukocita) na upaljenu dijelu tijela. - Uzrok povećane bol mjestu upale. Leukociti probijaju barijeru upaljeni dio tijela preko njegove sposobnosti da prijelaz (diapedese) stijenci krvne kapilare. Povećana percepcija boli ogleda više bolne podražaje (hiperalgezija) i percepcija obično u bezbolna podražaje (npr. Dodir) kao bolna (alodiniju). Kronične upale i boli Upalne boli je obično na snazi. U pratnji upale, jer smo upuštati u ozlijeđenog miru organa. Na primjer, u mišićima i zglobovima, nakon napor čini se upalu i bol koja nam govori koliko dugo odmaramo. Evo, to nije potrebno vlažiti prirodno smiriti jednom umorne mišiće i zglobove regenerirati. Suprotnost učinkovite boli neučinkovit bol u kroničnom upalom koja traje ne napredovanje se izliječiti. Takva bol je važno vlažiti analgetike. Anti-upalni učinak je tipično za adaptogena Iz razloga koje sam dao u članku o boli imamo između klasičnih više biljaka Adaptogens s učinkom protiv kronične upale. Oni napreduju u upalama zbog uobičajenog trošenja i bez napora , te kronične autoimune i upalne. Kronična upala je često dublje od točke do autoimunog poremećaja imunološkog sustava. Kod autoimunih bolesti (npr. Reumatoidni artritis ), liječnici često ne znaju savjet i adaptogens nude olakšanje dobrodošlice. Ginseng inhibira kroničnu upalu i bol Za mnoge vrste panaxosidů Ginseng je dokazala svoju protuupalno i antialergijski učinak. To je povezano s imunomodulatorni i protiv tumora učinke ginsenga. Panaxosidy štiti od upale tkiva i suzbijanje prekomjerne proizvodnje NO Nekoliko panaxosidů pokazati svoju sposobnost da smanji ekspresiju gena NO sintaze 2 i ciklooksigenaze 2 i inhibiraju transkripcijski faktor NF-kB. Među njima gssd. Rh 1 i Rh2 ( Park1996gri , Park2003aag ), koji također blokiraju izlijevanje histamina i razvoja alergijske reakcije bolje od standardnog lijeka dinatrij chromoglikát. Osim toga, to je gssd. 20 (S) -PPT ( Oh2004sog ) sama panaxatriol stoga metabolit gssd. Rh 1 i Rg 1 . Također gssd. Rb 1 i posebno njegov metabolit spoja K ( Park2005ieg ) jako smanjiti smanjiti proizvodnju NO i prostaglandina E2 u aktiviranim makrofagima inhibicijom transkripcijski faktor NF-kB. Žao nam je zbog smanjenog jasnoći neke od ovih rečenica. - Smanjenje ekspresije inducirajuću ciklooksigenazu i dušikov oksid sintaze inhibicijom faktora transkripcije NF-kB. - Isti učinak bila je spoj K pokazali eksperimentalni upalu induciranu forbol estera karcinogenenem krotonskog ulja. ( Lee2005ape ) - P. notoginseng imao inhibicijski učinak na NO sintaze, ciklooksigenaze 2 i upala. ( Jin2007iep ) - Red Ginseng suzbija kronične upale želuca i njenih komplikacija - raka želuca . ( Kim2010pfc ) - Ginsenoside Rb 1 i spoj A su učinkoviti u mišjem modelu kroničnog dermatitisa. ( Shin2005egr ) - Gssd. RC djeluje protiv gastritis, hepatitis i artritisa. - Pseudo-ginsenoside RP1 upala suzbijaju inhibicijom NF-kB. ( Kim2009grg ) - P. notoginseng saponini potiskivanje akutnu upalu u modelu štakora ( Li1999aet ) - Gssd. Rb 1 i posebno njegov metabolit spoja K , također može blokirati transkripcijski faktor NF-kB i snažno smanjuje aktivnost NOS2 i proizvodnju prostaglandina E2 u aktiviranim makrofagima . ( Park2005ieg ) Iako ginseng suzbija upalu, ne imunosupresivna Ginseng ima složeni imunosni sustav učinke. Ukupni učinak ginsenga više anti-upalnih i vjerojatno zbog ginseng kod akutne bakterijske bolesti tradicionalno kontraindicirana. Push-pull učinak, tako tipično za ginseng, ali očito u svom radu na imunitet općenito, a može inducirati NO sintaze 2 posebno. Ispada da ginseng polisaharidi (a 1-> 6 glukopiranozida i P 2> fructofuranoside 6 molarnom omjeru 5: 2), imaju sposobnost djelovanja „vojni” povećanje NOS2. ( Lim2002aep ) Unatoč protuupalnim djelovanjem, prema tome, ginseng ne čini da imaju imunosupresijsko djelovanje. Ostali adaptogens antiflogistični Upalni adaptogens su višestruke. Evo, za sada nudim link na jasan znanstveni članak o biljkama s protuupalnim djelovanjem, Mobasheri2012iih koji ih spominje u velikim količinama. - Đumbir vrijedi od čudotvorne Ginger obitelji (đumbirovke) ima veliko protuupalno ( Grzanna2005ghm ). - Kurkumovník dugo i među đumbira glazuru, a ima jak učinak protiv upale i bolova ( Bright2007cad , Lakhan2015zep ). - Scutellaria baicalensis ima snažne protu-upalne učinke ( Yoon2009aes , Dong2015bil ), flavonoidi blokiraju alergijske reakcije ( Jung2012aes , Bae2016bic , Shin2014ssb ), anti-astma ( Jang2012sii , Mabalirajan2013bra ) aa umiriti jarbol ( Hsieh2007bii , Shin2014pes ). - Tradicionalno u našem korištenju vrba kore ( Vlachojannis2009sre ), glavni aktivni sastojak poznat kao aspirin. - Ekstrakt pojedinih vrsta bora je također jedan od tradicionalnih europskih lijekova. Danas je dostupan na tržištu patentirano ekstrakta pomorski borove pycnogenol, koji ima aktivnost protiv stanica stresa i upale ( Liu2016paa , Kolacek2013enp , Khan2013pmn , Fan2015par i drugi). Sličnih svojstava ima također vjerojatno Kosodrevinová ekstrakt (silicij-dioksid / ulje). - Dovikom snodárná ima značajne protu-upalnih učinaka ( Rasool2006irw , Grover2010ina ) inhibicije faktora transkripcije NF-kB ( Grover2010ina ). - Lingzhi gljiva je dokumentirano protuupalne učinke ( Hong2004egl ). Tajvanski istraživački tim stanicama ispitivani na ljudski aorte glatkog mišića oštećenog broda i umjetne mišjim protu-upalni učinak, posebno smanjivanjem ICAM-1 ekspresije i transkripcijski faktor NF-kB. - Divlji Angelica kineski : protuupalne učinke (kraj).