http___lingvo.info_hr_lingvopedia_greek_1.xml
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Grammar There are definite articles for both singular and plural while the indefinite articles are the same as the number one and only appear in the singular. Articles are very widely used and appear with possessives, demonstratives and with proper names. Adjectives agree in case, gender and number with the nouns they modify while many numbers are invariable. Comparative and superlative forms are made either by adding a suffix which contains the sequence –tep- (-ter-) before the ending or adding the word πιo (pio, 'more') before the adjective. Regular (comparative) superlatives are formed by adding the definite article to the comparative. There is also another superlative, sometimes called the absolute superlative formed with a suffix containing the sequence –tat- (-tat-). Altogether this produces four degrees of comparison. Verbs are conjugated in three persons and two numbers. Modern Greek has no infinitive and uses a conjunction and finite verbs, as in πpotιuώ va πάw (protimṓ na páō, 'I prefer to go'. lit. I prefer that I go). In dictionaries, verbs are listed by the first person singular present tense form, such as Ypάφw (gráfō, 'I write') for write. Modern Greek has two voices, active and medio-passive the later of which serves the function of passive voice as well as having reflexive meanings. Modern Greek has one present, four past and three future tenses. The distinction between finished and ongoing actions is important in both past and future tenses as in έYpaψa (égrapsa, 'I wrote it (I'm finished)') and έYpaφa (égrafa, 'I was writing it (and hadn't finished)'). Adverbs are uninflected. Adverbs derived from adjectives have the same form as the neuter plural nominative. Like adjectives comparative forms can be made with an ending or by adding a separate word.
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Gramatika Postoje određeni članovi u jednini i množini dok su neodređeni članovi isti i javljaju se samo u jednini. Članovi se masovno koriste i javljaju se zajedno s posvojnim i pokaznim zamjenicama te osobnim imenima. Pridjevi su u istom padežu, rodu i broju sa imenicama koje opisuju. Mnogi brojevi se ne mijenjaju. Komparativ i superlativ se tvore dodatkom sufiksa koji sadrži –tep- (-ter-) pred nastavkom ili dodatkom riječi πιo (pio, 'više') pred pridjevom. Pravilni (usporedbeni) superlativi se tvore dodatkom određenog člana komparativu. Postoji i drugi tip superlativa koji ponekad zovu apsolutnim superlativom a tvori se sufiksom koji sadrži –tat- (-tat-). Time dobijemo 4 usporedbena stupnja. Glagoli se sklanjaju po licima (3) i brojevima (2). Moderni grčki nema infinitiva i umjesto njega koristi veznik i osobni oblik, kao u πpotιuώ va πάw (protimṓ na páō. doslovce: 'radije idem'). U rječnicima su glagoli poredani u prvom licu jednine sadašnjeg vremena kao Ypάφw (gráfō, 'pišem') umjesto pisati. Moderni grčki ima dva modusa, aktivni i polupasivni. Polupasivni izvršava funkciju pasiva i ima povratni karakter. Moderni grčki ima dva sadašnja, četiri prošla i tri buduća vremena. Razlikovanje trajnih i svršenih glagola je važno kako u prošlim tako i u budućim vremenima kao u έYpaψa (égrapsa: Napisao sam ga') i έYpaφa (égrafa: Pisao sam ga (no nisam završio)'). Prilozi se ne mijenjaju. Prilozi dobiveni od pridjeva imaju isti oblik kao srednji rod nominativa množine pridjeva. Kao i kod pridjeva komparativni oblici se mogu tvoriti nastavcima ili dodatkom posebne riječi.