http___matrixworldhr.wordpress.com_2012_03_21_povecanje-smrtnosti-zbog-vanmatericne-trudnoce__1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 3.2 4.1 5.1 5.2 6.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 8.1 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 10.1 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 11.14 12.1 13.1 13.2
Ectopic Pregnancy Ectopic Pregnancy Jay Goldberg (Obstetrician/Gynecologist, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center) gives expert video advice on: What are my chances of having a normal pregnancy after an ectopic pregnancy? and more... What is an "ectopic pregnancy"? An ectopic pregnancy is by definition, any pregnancy that is not within the uterus. Most commonly ectopic pregnancies occur in the fallopian tube, but they can occur in the abdomen, the ovary, the cervix, they can occur anywhere outside of the uterus. What causes an ectopic pregnancy? Ectopic pregnancies occur because there has probably been some sort of damage to the fallopian tube. Most ectopic pregnancies are in the fallopian tube and prior surgery, prior infection, most commonly a chlamydia infection, can result in tubal damage or kinking of the fallopian tube that wouldn't allow an embryo, or the sperm and the egg once they've met to sufficiently travel into the uterus. They get stuck along the way. They get stuck, they make a home there and they start to grow. Once they get to a certain point, the tube can't sustain it anymore. The fallopian tube is not strong enough to hold it there. What are the symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy? The first symptom of an ectopic pregnancy is absence of a period. If you miss a period, then you're pregnant. If you've then had pain, that is not uncommon in an early pregnancy in a normal early pregnancy. But if you go to the doctor at six to seven weeks of pregnancy and they do an ultrasound and there's no visible pregnancy within the uterus, then most likely your doctor will draw blood tests to see if you truly are six to seven weeks pregnant or if you maybe earlier or if you are six to seven weeks and there's nothing in the uterus, then the doctor will then follow you for an ectopic pregnancy. Now an ectopic pregnancy symptom could be significant amount of pain, light headed, dizzy, faint, passing out, because if the pregnancy were outside the uterus and it ruptured where it was growing, where there'd be in the fallopian tube or elsewhere, it will then result in bleeding and sometimes there is a minimal amount of pain until you've lost a significant amount of blood or you become dehydrated, you become dizzy, lightheaded and such. How is an ectopic pregnancy treated? There are three ways to treat an ectopic pregnancy. The first is conservative management, that you actually just follow it. If it seems to be resolving on it's own, if it seems to be in a location where it's already discontinued growing and is resolving on it's own, then it can simply be observed. And sometimes these will completely go away on their own. The body resorbs the tissue. Life goes back to normal. A second is a non-surgical intervention in which you use a medication called methotrexate, and your physician can discuss that in more detail with you. But it is a medication that can be administered, it's a shot that will cause the ectopic pregnancy to begin to resorb. And there are certain criteria that need to be met, and your doctor will be familiar with this. If those criteria are met then you will be qualified for this shot. And then the third method is surgical management. And surgical management most often nowadays is laparoscopic. It's the procedure where they will insert a camera into your belly button and then use various instrumentation to remove the ectopic pregnancy. Depending on where it is will depend on the extensiveness of the surgery and whether or not they can do it laparoscopically, or they may have to do an open surgery which is called a laparotomy. What are my chances of having a normal pregnancy after an ectopic pregnancy? If you had an ectopic pregnancy in the past and are trying to conceive again, you are at an increased risk for another ectopic pregnancy, simply because the ectopic pregnancy, if it were to have occurred in the fallopian tube, may have damaged that fallopian tube, thus potentially increasing your risk of another ectopic pregnancy. But minus that, your chances of becoming pregnant at all after an ectopic pregnancy, because you've conceived once, are good.
1.1 2.1 3.1 3.2 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 11.2 12.1 13.1 14.1 14.2
Uredila i prevela: Barbara Arbanas-Kovačević Matrix World Stopa smrtnosti zbog vanmateričnih trudnoća je u 2009. i 2010. godini naglo porasla na Floridi, prema novom vladinom izvješću. Vanmaternična trudnoća je rijetko stanje gdje se oplođeno jajašce usadi u ženinom tijelu na nekom drugom mjestu osim maternice, kao što su npr jajovodi. Prema izvještaju je 2009. i 2010. god. zabilježeno 11 smrtnih slučajeva zbog vanmaterične trudnoće; do tada je tijekom desetogodišnjeg razdoblja između 1999. i 2008. god. bilo zabilježeno 13 smrtnih slučajeva u državi. To znači da je stopa smrtnosti zbog vanmaterične trudnoće na Floridi u 2009. i 2010. god. dosegnula 2,5 smrti na 100 000 poroda, penjući se od 0,6 smrti na 100 000 poroda za razdoblje između 1999. i 2008. god., što je svojevremeno bilo u skladu s nacionalnom stopom smrtnosti za ovo stanje. Čini se da je povećanje povezano s nedopuštenom uporabom droga i odgađanjima traženja zdravstvene pomoći, zaključuju istraživači nakon proučavanja informacija koje okružuju ove smrti. Od 11 žena koje su umrle 2009. i 2010. god., osam ih je kolabriralo prije smrti. Žene s vanmateričnom trudnoćom mogu kolabrirati kada prsne jajovod što dovodi do krvarenja, stoji u izvještaju. Općenito se kolaps događa samo kada žena ne primi zdravstvenu njegu zbog ranijih znakova vanmaterične trudnoće. Autopsije provedene nad 6 žena koje su kolabrirale otkrile su nedopuštene droge u njihovom sustavu. Vanmaterična se trudnoća tretira lijekovima ili operacijom kako bi se uklonio embrij koji se ne može razviti van maternice, prema Mayo klinici. Žene koje su kolabrirale su bile iz skupina koje su u nepovoljnom položaju i koje su iskusile poteškoće u pristupanju zdravstvenoj njezi ili nisu imale osiguranje, stoji u izvještaju. Prikaz primjera vanmaterične trudnoće Ranih je 80-ih nacionalna stopa smrtnosti od vanmateričnih trudnoća iznosila 1,15 smrti na 100 000 poroda; do 2007. god. ona je opala na 0,5 smrti na 100 000 poroda, prema izvještaju. Opadanje je najviše ovisilo o mogućnosti ženinog pristupa zdravstvenoj njezi u ranoj trudnoći. Na Floridi, među ženama bez zdravstvenog osiguranja, stopa smrtnosti je porasla s 1,8 smrti na 100 000 rođenja u razdoblju između 1999. do 2008. god., ali je porasla na 17,6 smrti na 100 000 rođenja u 2009. i 2010. god., prema izvještaju. Prema izvještaju bi se povećana stopa smrtnosti na Floridi mogla pobijediti osiguravanjem ranog pristupanja zdravstvenoj njezi, promoviranjem svjesnosti o ranom testiranju na trudnoću i rizicima o vanmateričnoj trudnoći i povećanjem javne svjesnosti o zdravstvenim rizicima zlouporabe droga. Izvještaj su sastavili istraživači s floridskog Pregleda Smrtnosti Povezanih s Trudnoćom (Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review) i Centara za Kontrolu i Prevenciju Bolesti. Ograničen je u tome što je ukupni broj smrti malen i nije dobivena potpuna medicinska povijest za svaku od umrlih žena.