http___metro-portal.hr_zbog-otkrica-u-imunologiji-trojica-dobila-nobelovu-nagradu-za-medicinu_63932_1.xml
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Nobel Prize 2011 for Medicine Jointly Given to Beutler, Hoffman and Steinma Stockholm, Oct. 4: The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has on October 3 decided that the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 shall be given jointly to Bruce A. Beutler and Jules A. Hoffmann for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity and the other half to Ralph M. Steinman for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity. In a press release of Karolinska Institutet said that 2011 year's Nobel Laureates have revolutionized the understanding of the immune system by discovering key principles for its activation. Bruce Beutler and Jules Hoffmann discovered receptor proteins that can recognize such microorganisms and activate innate immunity. Ralph Steinman discovered the dendritic cells of the immune system and their unique capacity to activate and regulate adaptive immunity. Their discoveries has opened up new avenues for the development of prevention and therapy against infections, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. Human beings are equipped with powerful defense mechanisms to fight with pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites). The first line of defense, innate immunity, can destroy invading microorganisms and trigger inflammation that contributes to blocking their assault. Bruce A. Beutler, born in 1957 in Chicago, U.S. He received his MD from the University of Chicago in 1981 and worked as a scientist at Rockefeller University in New York and the University of Texas in Dallas, where he discovered the LPS receptor. Since 2000 he has been professor of genetics and immunology at The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA. Jules A. Hoffmann, born in 1941 in Echternach, Luxembourg. He studied at the University of Strasbourg in France, where he obtained his PhD in 1969. After postdoctoral training at the University of Marburg, Germany, he returned to Strasbourg, where he headed a research laboratory from 1974 to 2009. Ralph M. Steinman was born in 1943 in Montreal, Canada, where he studied biology and chemistry at McGill University. After studying medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston, MA, USA, he received his MD in 1968.
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Zbog otkrića u imunologiji trojica dobila Nobelovu nagradu za medicinu "Dobitnici Nobelove nagrade za medicinu za ovu godinu revolucionarno su promijenili naše razumijevanje imunološkog sustava, otkrivši ključna načela njegova aktiviranja", stoji u priopćenju Nobelova nagrada za medicinu za 2011. godinu dodijeljena je Amerikancu Bruceu Beutleru, Luksemburžaninu Julesu Hoffmannu i Kanađaninu Ralphu Steinmanu za njihovo istraživanje djelovanja imunološkog sustava, objavio je u ponedjeljak odbor za dodjelu te nagrade. "Dobitnici Nobelove nagrade za medicinu za ovu godinu revolucionarno su promijenili naše razumijevanje imunološkog sustava, otkrivši ključna načela njegova aktiviranja", piše u priopćenju Odbora za dodjelu Nobela. "Beutler i Hoffmann dijele nagradu za istraživanje urođenog imunološkog sustava. Steinman je nagrađen za istraživanja stečenog imunološkog sustava", navodi odbor. Imunološki sustav omogućuje organizmu da se brani oslobađanjem antitijela i ubojitih stanica kojima reagira na viruse i bakterije. Njihova istraživanja otvaraju put razvoju novih lijekova i omogućuju obranu od imunideficijencije, kao astme, reumatoidnog poliartritisa, Chronove bolesti. "Njihovi radovi otvorili su put razvoju prevencije i liječenju infekcija, raka i upalnih bolesti", objasnio je odbor. Bruce Beutler (55) i Jules Hoffmann (70), "otkrili su proteine receptore koji prepoznaju (štetne) mikroorganizme i aktiviraju imunološki sustav, što je prva etapa imunološke reakcije tijela", objašnjava Nobelov odbor. Ralph Steinman (68), "otkrio je dendritičke stanice imunološkog sustava i njegove jedinstvene sposobnosti da aktivira i regulira stečenu imunost, što je zadnja etapa imunološke reakcije organizma, tijekom koje se mikroorganizmi izbacuju iz tijela", dodaje odbor. Trojica dobitnika primit će nagradu na službenoj svečanosti u Stockholmu 10. prosinca, na dan smrti utemeljitelja nagrade, švedskog industrijalca Alfreda Nobela. Nagrada iznosi 10 milijuna kruna (1,08 milijuna eura). Polovicu te svote podijelit će Beutler i Hoffmann, a druga polovica pripast će Steinmanu.