http___mednotess.com_hr_pages_1423148_1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.1 5.2 6.1 7.1 8.1 8.2 8.3 9.1 10.1 11.1 11.2 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 13.1 14.1 14.2 15.1 16.1 17.1 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 25.2 25.3 26.1 26.2 27.1 28.1 28.2 29.1 30.1 30.2 31.1 31.2 32.1 33.1 34.1 35.1 36.1 37.1 38.1 39.1 40.1 40.2 40.3 41.1 41.2 42.1 43.1 44.1 45.1 46.1 47.1 47.2 47.3 48.1 49.1 49.2 49.3 49.4 49.5 50.1 51.1 52.1 52.2 52.3 52.4 53.1 54.1 55.1 56.1 56.2 56.3 57.1 58.1 59.1 60.1 61.1 61.2 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.4 63.1 63.2 63.3 64.1 64.2 65.1 65.2 65.3 65.4 66.1 67.1 67.2 67.3 68.1 68.2 68.3 68.4 69.1 69.2 69.3 69.4 69.5 70.1 70.2 71.1 71.2 71.3 72.1 72.2 73.1 73.2 74.1 75.1 75.2 76.1 76.2 76.3 76.4 76.5 77.1 77.2 77.3 78.1 78.2 78.3 79.1 80.1 80.2 81.1 82.1 83.1 84.1 85.1 86.1 86.2 87.1 87.2 87.3 88.1 88.2 89.1 89.2 90.1 91.1 92.1 93.1 94.1 95.1 96.1 97.1 98.1 99.1 100.1 100.2 101.1 101.2 102.1 102.2 103.1 104.1 104.2
Back pain and lower back Diseases Of The Spine / / August 12, 2017 Back pain and lower back video For most people, is completely normal at least once in a lifetime experience back pain or lower back. Despite the fact that pain may occur in any part of the back, the most common is the lower part. This is due to the fact that it accounts for the bulk of our body. Lumbar pain can be of different nature - aching (occurring after prolonged sitting) or sharp shooting pains. They can also occur in tingling or burning sensation, weakness in the legs. The most common back pain are the result of careless movement, long-term operation in a standing or sitting position, and, of course, is too intense and heavy physical exertion. Back pain is usually defined as either acute (short-term, which came suddenly) or as a chronic (aching, growing gradually). Acute pain usually lasts for less than 1 month. Often, the pain goes away, even for 1 week without any medical intervention. But this pain is characterized by the re-emergence after some period of time. Chronic pain lasts for Next we will talk about specific actions you can take to get rid of a continuous chronic and acute pain. Before proceeding directly to an explanation of the causes of back pain, we would like to introduce you in detail to the structure of the spine, to talk about the nerves and muscles that surround it. This will allow you to better understand the big picture. Spine The spine is a column of small bones called vertebrae that run down the middle of the back. Vertebrae support body and the upper body and protect nerves that connect the brain to the rest of your body. This bundle of nerves called the spinal cord. The vertebrae are grouped into different sections: - Cervical spine: consists of 7 vertebrae, serves to support the neck; - Thoracic spine: consists of 12 vertebrae, which are attached to the bodies of the ribs. Thoracic vertebrae and ribs form the chest; - The lumbar spine: consists of 5 vertebrae of the largest, as they are responsible for the greatest burden; - sacral spine: consists of 5 vertebrae. - Coccyx: located at the end and is a bone of 4-5 fused tiny coccygeal vertebrae. at the lumbar part of the accounts for the majority of your body weight, than any other. It is not surprising that this area (lower back) are most prone to injury. For convenience, in medical terminology, each vertebra is indicated by a specific letter and a digit: «L» - so to refer to the cervical vertebrae using the Latin letter "C", to refer to infants - "of Th" for lumbar. A number denotes vertebral number in that department. For example, C4 is the fourth vertebra in the cervical region (following the bone from top to bottom), and Th8 is the eighth thoracic vertebra. Discs between two adjacent vertebrae is flat round gasket, called intervertebral discs. discs not only reduce the load on the spine, but also allow him to move. outer part of the disk is called the annulus, and is a fibrous cartilage that can shrink and expand. inner part of the disc - the nucleus pulposus - is a jelly-like substance, which contains a lot of water. Muscles vertebrae and disks are surrounded by many muscles. They are cutting or straining to produce some work, which takes place at weight lifting, walking, running, standing, and others. They are often referred to as soft cloth, since they are not rigid as bone. to the muscles of the body include the muscles of the back, chest and abdomen. When these muscles are well developed, they help to reduce the stress on the lower back. Causes of back pain and lower back back pain in many people associated with banal overexertion of muscles or back problems. However, there are many other factors that can cause back pain. You may feel pain in the back just after lifting heavy objects, move suddenly or after an injury resulting from a fall or a car accident. But often it happens that the specific cause of back pain is simply impossible to determine. And this fact can be considered as good news, because when the specific cause of the pain is easy to determine, it means that the problem can be much more serious. There are several possible sources of pain. The most common are: - muscle tension; - break or a herniated disc; - disc degeneration (osteoarthritis); - muscle spasm (involuntary muscle contractions, accompanied by sharp pain); - stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal); - small fractures of the spine from osteoporosis; - other systemic diseases (in these cases, back pain is often associated with other symptoms such as prolonged morning stiffness). Degeneration of disc herniation and rupture intervertebral discs over the years are deformed and become thinner, resulting in limited mobility the entire spinal column and some of its departments. This process is similar to arthritis (joint disease) in the body. Along with vertebral changes occur weakening the muscles weaken and lose their elasticity tendons and ligaments. With strong weakening there is a rupture of the fibrous ring of the intervertebral disc, resulting in part of the nucleus pulposus pressure comes out and forms a protrusion in the spine. This is called a hernia. According to the degree of manifestation (the size of) the following types of hernias: - prolapse - a hernia protrudes 2-3 mm; - protrusion - protrusion of the hernia from 4-5 to 15 mm; - extrusion - the nucleus of the intervertebral disc prolapse abroad (drooping of drops) strains and sprains, injuries Muscles and ligaments are important structural components, providing support and strengthen the back. They are located along the spine. Excessive overexertion any of the muscles or ligaments can also cause back pain. stenosis stenosis is a chronic process characterized by an abnormal narrowing of the central spinal canal, lateral pocket or intervertebral foramen, tap, cartilage and soft tissue structures, with the invasion of the spaces occupied by the nerve roots and spinal cord. Most often the disease is seen in people over 60 years. The most common symptom of spinal canal stenosis of the lumbar spine is a pain in the back and in the legs, worse, or when walking. After a short rest, these symptoms usually disappear. The relief is marked and the patient is tilted forward ( "supermarket trolley" sign). This symptom is called neurogenic claudication, by analogy with intermittent claudication vascular diseases of the lower extremities. cauda equina syndrome In the lower part of the spine, there is a set of nerve endings of the spinal cord, sometimes called the "tail". When pinching of nerves affected may lose control of the bladder and bowel. This is called the cauda equina syndrome. Other symptoms of this condition are: - Dull pain in the back; - Weakness or numbness in the buttocks, genital area or thighs; - Inability to control urination or defecation. addition to the above, there are many other causes of back pain. Many of them are rare, but all the same, and they should pay attention. Here are some of these reasons: - Offset vertebrae - spondylolisthesis (displacement of a vertebra forward with respect to the underlying vertebra); - inherited abnormalities of the spine; - The defeat of the intervertebral disc, spondylitis, osteoporosis, osteomalacia. Risk factors for back pain and lower back Back pain - a consequence. And the reasons for its occurrence and development of several: - Age. After 30 years of the intervertebral discs become thinner. This can cause them a hernia. Furthermore, these wheels are dewatered, thereby increasing the risk of spinal canal stenosis. - genes. Some structural damage in the spine - this is a consequence of genetic predisposition to diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Such diseases may suffer in the family, parents, the same disease is inherited and to the next generation, has reached a certain age. - low threshold of pain sensitivity . Sometimes a person, having a pronounced bulge spinal discs, does not feel pain or discomfort. - Arthritis . If arthritis comes with age, this is one of its varieties - osteoarthritis. It affects the joints and lower spine. Another type of arthritis - rheumatoid. «Field" its activity - the neck, at least - the lower back and spine. - Depression, stress . trouble at home or at work can also cause long-term back pain. Moreover, stress and depression, as a rule, lower pain threshold is not allowed time to pay attention to developing a disease. - Pregnancy. The changes that occur in women during gestation, are directly related to the spine, to the back: the weight is redistribution, almost always accompanied by low back pain. Transforms your pelvis - it is preparing for a focused relaxation during labor, to the maximum "bandwidth" of the child's head. But pelvic bones return to its original position, ie,before pregnancy may last from several weeks to several months. - Osteoporosis . With age, decreased bone density - osteoporosis. Very often from this disease affects women after menopause. As a consequence of osteoporosis - thinning of bone fractures are not uncommon, even tiny cracks in the spine causing severe pain in the back. Perhaps more painful disease caused by a loss of bone strength - the destruction of the spine. - occupational diseases . If the work involves heavy lifting, constant voltage, long uncomfortable (bent) position or vibration, which is typical for truckers, drillers, etc., there is a high probability of disease spokes and waist. - Sedentary lifestyle or lack of exercise. It can also cause disease of the spine and lower back. We must be especially careful if a person is not engaged in physical labor, we have to bear, for example, the furniture, clean the yard of snow or dig the garden: no habits and exercise back pain is assured. - Overweight . Every extra kilogram of body weight - unhealthy extra load on the spine. - Smoking. Nicotine adversely affecting blood circulation causes diseases of the back and waist, not to mention the health risks that it brings with it. Diagnosis of back pain and lower back testing physical condition. Physical examination is required the doctor to determine the location of the pain, to find out how it affects the movement. He will ask you to take a sitting or standing position, ask to go on the toes and then on your heels, standing demonstrate tilts forward, backward, sideways. You'll have to, lying down, raise your feet up. If the pain increase, may have a sciatica, especially when petrification or tingling in one of the legs. At the time of diagnosis will have to move your feet, being in different positions by bending and straightening the knees. All this is necessary to determine your ability to move. nerve function and your doctor will determine the reflexes with a rubber hammer, tingling pins in certain places. Through a cotton swab or pen, he will find out the status of your sensory nervous system, ie,the ability to sense touch. In this case the doctor wants to hear from you, what you feel in such diagnostic procedures. On the basis of medical history, the doctor will make recommendations that must be followed for back pain and lower back. As a rule, 4-6 weeks it will pass.If the pain still bothers you, namely, lasts more than a month does not pass numbness, muscle weakness, fever, you're over 65, you had a back injury, immediate family suffered from cancer, there is weight loss, then the doctor prescribes a deeperdiagnostics to identify tumors, infection, nervous system disorders, etc. And here is the question of how to have examined a specialist physiotherapist. In addition, you will have to take a test at the orthopedist and neurologist. exception of certain diseases. In assessing the state of the patient is very important to check for the following conditions, because any of these problems can be the cause of your back pain: - infection (eg, meningitis, abscess, or urinary tract infection); - Hernia; - Cancer; - Kidney stones or other kidney disorders; - Men have problems with the testicles or scrotum. To diagnose the causes of back pain or lumbar spine modern medicine successfully uses visualization techniques back structure of the spine, evaluating the electrical activity of muscles and nerves. These studies make it possible to accurately determine the location and source of your pain. Roentgen. X-rays can diagnose a back injury, infection, fractures, osteopenia (loss of bone density), or tumor. If the X-ray examination results do not give a complete idea about the cause of pain may require the appointment of CT or MRI. CT and MRI of the spine. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to identify anomalies disks and any other problems in the back. MRI is more accurate study of the soft tissue, while CT is best given to the bones and small joints.MRI provides a very clear picture of all parts of the back, including the muscles, ligaments and vertebrae. These tests can also determine the infection and tumor, if present. MRI of the lumbar prescribed if the following signs or symptoms: - Local temperature rise in the back or the affected area; - Pain in the legs, which increases or does not get better despite treatment; - Back pain - Weakness, numbness - Unusual findings of physical examination - fever or other signs of infections - Injuries - Injuries bottom of spine - Problems with bowel and bladder function CT and MRI of the nerves and muscles. On the basis of the personal descriptions of back pain, physical examination, or the results of any investigations carried out visual, your doctor may prescribe study to test the back muscles and spinal nerves. nerve conduction studies assigned more frequently than muscle testing. Nerve Conduction Tests carried out by placing electrodes on the skin and applying a small electrical pulses, then measured the rate at which the signal is carried nerves. tests. Blood and urine tests may be necessary to avoid infection, arthritis or other diseases. First aid for back pain and spine How to resist the pain? Do not tolerate it, getting used to that very many do, namely to resist?
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.1 17.1 18.1 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 25.2 26.1 27.1 28.1 29.1 30.1 31.1 32.1 33.1 34.1 35.1 36.1 37.1 38.1 39.1 40.1 41.1 42.1 43.1 44.1 45.1 46.1 47.1 48.1 49.1 50.1 51.1 52.1 53.1 54.1 55.1 56.1 57.1 58.1 59.1 60.1 61.1 62.1 62.2 63.1 63.2 64.1 64.2 65.1 66.1 67.1 68.1 68.2 69.1 69.2 70.1 70.2 71.1 71.2 72.1 73.1 73.2 74.1 75.1 75.2 76.1 77.1 78.1 79.1 80.1 80.2 81.1 82.1 83.1 84.1 85.1 86.1 87.1 87.2 88.1 88.2 89.1 90.1 91.1 92.1 93.1 94.1 95.1 96.1 97.1 98.1 99.1 100.1 100.2 101.1 102.1 103.1 104.1
Bolovi u leđima i donjem dijelu leđa Bolesti Kralježnice / / August 12, 2017 Bolovi u leđima i donjem dijelu leđa Video Za većinu ljudi je sasvim normalno barem jednom u vijek iskustvo bol u leđima ili donjem dijelu leđa.Unatoč činjenici da bol može nastati u bilo kojem dijelu leđa, najčešći je donji dio.To je zbog činjenice da je račune za većinu našeg tijela. Lumbalna bol mogu biti različite prirode - bolan (javljaju nakon duljeg sjedenja) ili oštrih bolova snimanja.Oni također mogu pojaviti u uzbudljivom ili peckanje, slabost u nogama. Najčešće je bol u leđima su rezultat nepažljivog kretanja, dugotrajan rad u stojećem ili sjedećem položaju, i, naravno, je previše intenzivan i težak fizički napor. Bol u leđima se obično definira kao bilo akutne (kratkoročne, koji je došao iznenada) ili kao kronična (peckanje, raste postupno). Akutna bol obično traje manje od 1 mjesec.Često, bol ide dalje, čak i za 1 tjedan bez medicinske intervencije.Ali to bol karakterizira ponovne pojave nakon nekog vremenskog razdoblja. Kronična bol traje duže od 3 mjeseca. Zatim ćemo govoriti o konkretnim akcijama koje možete poduzeti da biste dobili osloboditi od kontinuiranog kronične i akutne boli. Prije nastavka izravno objašnjenje uzroka bolova u leđima, željeli bismo Vas upoznati detaljno sa strukturom kralježnice, govoriti o živaca i mišića koji ga okružuju.To će vam omogućiti da bolje razumiju veliku sliku. kralježnice Kralježnica je stup malih kostiju zovu kralješci koji rade dolje u sredini leđa.Kralješci tijelo podršku i gornji dio tijela i štiti živce koji povezuju mozak s ostatkom vašeg tijela.Ovaj snop živaca zove leđnu moždinu.Kralješci su grupirane u različite odjeljke: - vratne kralježnice: se sastoji od 7 kralježaka, služi za potporu vrat; - torakalne kralježnice: sastoji se od 12 pršljenova koji su priključeni na tijelima rebra.Torakalni kralješci i rebra formiraju na prsima; - lumbalne kralježnice: se sastoji od 5 kralježaka od najvećih, kao što su oni odgovorni za najveći teret; - sakralna kralježnice: se sastoji od 5 kralješka. - trtica: nalazi na kraju te je kost 4-5 fused maleni coccygeal kralježaka. u lumbalnom dijelu računima za većinu svoje tjelesne težine, nego bilo koji drugi.To je ne čudi da je ovo područje (donji dio leđa) su najviše skloni ozljedama.Radi lakšeg snalaženja, u medicinskoj terminologiji, svaki kralježak je označeno određenim slovom i brojkom: «L» - tako da se odnosi na vratne kralježnice uz uporabu latiničnog slova "C", da se odnosi na djecu - "Th" u lumbalnom.Broj označava kičmenom broj u tom odjelu.Na primjer, C4 je četvrti kralježak u vratnoj regiji (nakon kosti od vrha do dna), te Th8 je osmi torakalnog kralješka. Diskovi između dva susjedna kralješka je ravna okrugla brtva, pod nazivom intervertebral diskova. diskovi ne samo smanjiti opterećenje na kralježnicu, ali i omogućiti mu da se presele. vanjski dio diska naziva se kružni, te je vlaknasti hrskavice koja se može smanjiti i proširiti. unutarnji dio diska - the pulpozna jezgra - je žele-kao tvar koja sadrži puno vode. Mišići kralješci i diskovi su okruženi brojnim mišićima.Oni su rezanje ili naprezanje proizvesti neki posao, koji se održava na dizanje utega, hodanje, trčanje, stoji, i dr. Oni su često nazivaju mekom krpom, jer nisu krute kao kost. na mišiće u tijelu uključuju mišiće leđa, prsa i trbuh.Kada se ovi mišići dobro su razvijeni, oni pomažu da se smanji pritisak na donji dio leđa. Uzroci bolova u leđima i donjem dijelu leđa bolova u leđima kod mnogih ljudi povezanih s banalnom overexertion mišića ili leđima.Međutim, postoje mnogi drugi faktori koji mogu uzrokovati bol u leđima. možete osjetiti bol u leđima odmah nakon dizanja teških predmeta, kretati iznenada ili nakon ozljede uslijed pada ili prometne nesreće. No, često se događa da specifičan uzrok bolova u leđima je jednostavno nemoguće utvrditi.I ta činjenica može se smatrati dobrim vijestima, jer kada je specifičan uzrok boli je lako utvrditi, to znači da se problem može biti mnogo ozbiljnije. Postoji nekoliko mogućih izvora boli.Najčešći su: - napetost mišića; - pauza ili hernija diska; - disk degeneracija (osteoartritis); - spazam mišića (refleksno grčenje mišića, u pratnji oštru bol); - stenoza (suženje spinalnog kanala); - male frakture kralježnice od osteoporoze; - druge sistemske bolesti (u ovim slučajevima, bol u leđima često je povezana s drugim simptomima kao što su dugotrajna jutarnju ukočenost). Degeneracija hernije diska i pucaju intervertebral diskova tijekom godina su deformirani i postati tanji, što je rezultiralo u smanjene pokretljivosti cijeli kičmeni stup, a neke od njegovih odjela.Ovaj proces je sličan artritisa (bolesti zglobova) u tijelu.Uz vertebralnih promjene nastaju slabi mišići slabe i gube elastičnost tetiva i ligamenata. S jakim slabljenja postoji ruptura od vlaknastog prstena intervertebralnog diska, što je rezultiralo u dijelu pulposus tlaka jezgre izlazi i tvori izbočinu u kralježnici.To se zove kila. Prema stupnju manifestacije (veličina) sljedećih vrsta kile: - Prolaps - kila viri 2-3 mm; - izbočenje - izbočenje od kila od 4-5 do 15 mm; - ekstruzija - nukleus intervertebralnog diska prolaps inozemstvu (opuštene kapi) soja i uganuća, ozljeda Mišići i ligamenti su važne strukturne komponente, pružajući potporu i ojačati leđa.Oni se nalaze duž kralježnice.Pretjerano overexertion bilo koji od mišića ili ligamenta može uzrokovati bol leđa. stenoza stenoza je kronični proces karakterističan abnormalni sužavanje centralnog spinalnog kanala, bočnog džepa ili intervertebralnog foramena, slavine, hrskavice i mekih struktura tkiva, uz invazije prostora za živčanih korijena i leđne moždine.Najčešće se bolest vidi u osoba starijih od 60 godina.Najčešći simptom stenoza spinalnih kanala lumbalnog dijela kralježnice je bol u leđima i nogama, još gore, ili pri hodanju.Nakon kratkog odmora, ovi simptomi obično nestaju.Reljef je obilježena i pacijent je nagnuta prema naprijed ( "market kolica" znak). Ovaj simptom naziva neurogeni klaudikaciju, analogno sa povremene klaudikacije bolesti krvnih žila donjih ekstremiteta. cauda equina sindrom U donjem dijelu kralježnice, tamo je skup živčanih završetaka leđne moždine, ponekad se naziva "rep".Kad uklještenja živaca pogođenih može izgubiti kontrolu nad mjehura i debelog crijeva.To se zove sindrom cauda equina.Ostali simptomi ovog stanja su: - Tupi bol u leđima; - slabost ili ukočenost u stražnjici, genitalija ili bedara; - Nemogućnost kontrole mokrenja ili pražnjenje crijeva. osim gore navedenih, postoje i mnogi drugi uzroci bolova u leđima.Mnogi od njih su rijetki, ali sve isto, a oni bi trebali obratiti pažnju.Ovdje su neke od ovih razloga: - Offset kralješka - spondilolisteze (pomak od kralješka prema naprijed u odnosu na temeljne kralješka); - naslijedio abnormalnosti kralježnice; - Poraz intervertebralnog diska, spondilitis, osteoporoze, osteomalacije. Faktori rizika za bol u leđima i donjeg dijela leđa bolova u leđima - posljedica.A razlozi za njegovu pojavu i razvoj nekoliko: - Age. Nakon 30 godina veznih pločica postaju tanje.To može izazvati ih kila.Nadalje, ovi kotači su bez vode, čime se povećava opasnost od stenoza spinalnih kanala. - geni. Neki strukturna oštećenja na kralježnici - to je posljedica genetske predispozicije za bolesti mišićno-koštanog sustava.Takve bolesti mogu patiti u obitelji, roditelji, ista bolest je naslijedio i na sljedeću generaciju, dosegla određenu dob. - nizak prag osjetljivosti bol . Ponekad osoba, koja ima naglašenu izbočinu kralježnicom diskova, ne osjećaju bol ili nelagodu. - Artritis .Ako artritis dolazi s godinama, ovo je jedan od njegovih varijanti - osteoartritis.To utječe na zglobove i niže kralježnice.Druga vrsta artritisa - reumatoidni. «Polje" njegovo djelovanje - vrat, barem - donji dio leđa i kralježnice. - Depresija, stres . problema kod kuće ili na poslu može uzrokovati dugoročne bolove u leđima.Štoviše, stres i depresija, u pravilu, niži prag boli nije dozvoljeno vremena obraćati pozornost na razvoj bolesti. - trudnoće. Promjene koje se javljaju u žena tijekom trudnoće, izravno vezane za kralježnicu, na poleđini: težina je preraspodjela, gotovo uvijek u pratnji križobolje.Pretvara zdjelicu - to je priprema za fokusiranog opuštanja tijekom rada, u najvećoj "propusnost" iz djetetove glave.Ali zdjelične kosti vratiti u svoj prvobitni položaj, odnosno,prije trudnoće može trajati od nekoliko tjedana do nekoliko mjeseci. - Osteoporoza . S godinama, smanjenje gustoće kostiju - osteoporoze.Često je od te bolesti pogađa žene nakon menopauze.Kao posljedica osteoporoze - stanjivanje prijeloma kostiju nisu rijetki, čak i sitne pukotine u kralježnici uzrokuju jake bolove u leđima.Možda više bolna bolest uzrokovana gubitkom čvrstoće kostiju - uništavanje kralježnice. - profesionalne bolesti . Ako je rad uključuje podizanje teških tereta, konstantan napon, dugo neugodan (savijena) položaj ili vibracijama, što je tipično za kamione, drillers, itd, postoji velika vjerojatnost bolesti žbice i struka. - sjedilački način života ili nedostatak vježbe. To također može uzrokovati bolesti kralježnice i donjeg dijela leđa.Moramo biti posebno oprezni ako osoba ne bavi fizičkim radom, moramo nositi, primjerice, namještaj, očistiti dvorište od snijega ili kopaju u vrtu: ne navike i vježbanje bol u leđima je osiguran. - Prekomjerna tjelesna težina .Svaki dodatni kilogram tjelesne težine - nezdravo extra opterećenje na kralježnicu. - Pušenje. Nikotin nepovoljno utječe na cirkulaciju krvi uzrokuje bolesti leđa i struka, a ne spomenuti zdravstveni rizici koje donosi sa sobom. Dijagnoza boli u leđima i donjem dijelu leđa testiranje fizičko stanje. Fizikalni pregled je potrebno liječniku kako bi se utvrdilo mjesto boli, kako bi saznali kako to utječe na kretanje. On će od vas tražiti da se sjedi ili stoji poziciju, tražiti da ide na prstima, a zatim na petama, stoji pokazuju se nagnuti prema naprijed, nazad, u stranu.Morat ćete, u ležećem položaju, podignite noge.Ako povećanja boli, može imati išijas, pogotovo kada petrification ili trnci u jednoj od nogu.U vrijeme postavljanja dijagnoze morati premjestiti svoje noge, da su u različitim položajima savijanjem i ravnanje koljena.Sve je to potrebno kako bi se odredila sposobnost kretanja. funkcija živaca i vaš liječnik će odrediti reflekse s gumenim čekićem, trnci igle u određenim mjestima.Kroz pamučnom krpom ili olovkom, on će saznati stanje vašeg senzorne živčanog sustava, tjsposobnost da osjeti dodir.U tom slučaju liječnik želi čuti od vas, što vi osjećate u takvim dijagnostičkim postupcima. Na temelju povijesti bolesti, liječnik će preporuke koje treba slijediti za bolove u leđima i donjem dijelu leđa.U pravilu, 4-6 tjedana to će proći.Ako je bol ti i dalje smeta, naime, traje više od mjesec dana ne prođe utrnulost, slabost mišića, vrućica, ti si više od 65 godina, što je zbog ozljede leđa, uže obitelji bolovao od raka, tu je i gubitak tjelesne težine, tada liječnik propisuje dubljedijagnostika za prepoznavanje tumora, infekcije, poremećaje živčanog sustava, itdI ovdje je pitanje kako će biti razmotren stručnjaka fizioterapeuta. Osim toga, morat ćete uzeti test na ortopeda i neurologa. izuzetak određenih bolesti. Ocjenjujući stanje pacijenta je vrlo važno da provjerite za sljedeća stanja, jer bilo koji od ovih problema mogu biti uzrok vašeg bolova u leđima: - infekcije (npr meningitis, apsces, ili infekcije urinarnog trakta); - kila; - Rak; - Bubrežni kamenci ili drugi poremećaji bubrega; - Muškarci imaju problema sa testisima ili skrotumu. dijagnosticirati uzroke bolova u leđima ili lumbalne kralježnice moderne medicine uspješno koristi tehnike vizualizacije natrag strukturu kralježnice, ocjenjujući električnu aktivnost mišića i živaca.Ove studije omogućuju točno odrediti mjesto i izvor svoje boli. rentgenskim. X-zrake mogu dijagnosticirati back ozljede, infekcije, frakture, osteopenija (gubitka koštane gustoće), ili tumor.Ako su ispitni rezultati X-ray ne daju cjelovitu sliku o uzroku boli može zahtijevati imenovanje CT ili MRI. CT i MR kralježnice. Kompjuterizirana tomografija (CT) i magnetska rezonancija (MRI) može se koristiti za identifikaciju anomalija diskove i sve druge probleme u leđima. MRI je točniji proučavanje mekih tkiva, dok CT najbolje se daje kostima i malih zglobova.MRI daje vrlo jasnu sliku o svim dijelovima leđa, uključujući mišiće, ligamente i kralježaka.Ovi testovi mogu utvrditi infekciju i tumor, ako je prisutan. MR lumbalne propisanom ako sljedeći znakovi ili simptomi: - Lokalna porast temperature u leđima ili na zahvaćena područja; - Bolovi u nogama, što povećava ili ne bude bolje, unatoč liječenju; - Bol u leđima - slabost, ukočenost - Neobični rezultati fizikalnog statusa - groznica ili druge znakove infekcija - Ozljede - Ozljede dnu kralježnice - Problemi s crijeva i mokraćnog mjehura CT i MRI živaca i mišića. Na temelju osobnih opisa bol u leđima, fizikalni pregled, odnosno rezultate svih istraživanja provedena vizualna, liječnik može propisati studiju za testiranje mišića leđa i kralježnice živce. nerve conduction studije dodijeljena češće nego testiranje mišića.Provodljivosti živca Ispitivanja provodi postavljanjem elektroda na kožu i nanošenjem male električne impulse, a zatim izmjeriti brzinu kojom je signal provodi živce. testira. krvi i testovi urina može biti potrebno kako bi izbjegli infekcije, artritis ili druge bolesti. Prva pomoć za bol leđa i kralježnice Kako se oduprijeti boli?Ne podnose se, navikavanje na to vrlo mnogo učiniti, a to je da se odupre?