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a small manufacturing this type, only ten employees, and in which some of these executed 2 or 3 different operations. However, although not very skilled, and therefore were not especially trained in the use of the machines, they could, when strained, produce approximately 12 pounds of pins per day. Now a pound contains more than 4000 pins medium size. Therefore, these 10 people between them could produce more than 48,000 pins per day. Thus, since each person could make 1/10 of a pin 48 billion per day, it may be assumed that pins 4800 produced each day. If, however, had worked independently of one another, and without any of them had been trained for this type of activity, each of them certainly could not have make 20 pins a day and maybe even 1, ie: surely could not produce the 240th. part and maybe even the 4800 edition. of what we now are able to produce, by virtue of an appropriate division of labor and combination of their different operations. However, for Marx, this division of labor did not bring benefits to the workers because, "just tighten a screw," for example, lose control and knowledge about the production process. To specialize in only a small task can no longer perceive the whole activity in which your effort falls. Document 7 Knowledge, understanding and will, which the peasant or artisan develops even on a small scale now become required only by the workshop as a whole. The intellectual powers are expanded on the one hand because many sides disappear. This dissociation process begins in simple co-operation, is developed in manufacture which mutilates the worker converting it into partial and complete work in large industry, separating work and science. The French sociologist Émile Durkheim (1858-1917) had an optimistic view of the work, while acknowledging its negative effects. According to Durkheim, the expertise served to strengthen social solidarity within communities. For this thinker, it was necessary to establish social bonds that resulted in social solidarity. The division of labor should provide cooperation between individuals and thus achieve the proper functioning of society. Émile Durkheim was born in Epinal, France, on April 15, 1858 and died on November 15, 1917. He dedicated his life to sociology, making it an autonomous science being taught in French higher education and then worldwide. Wrote, among other works: Elements of Sociology (1889), The Division of Labour (1893) and Suicide (1897).
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mala proizvodnja taj tip, samo desetak zaposlenih, au kojima su neki od tih izvršenih 2 ili 3 različite operacije. Međutim, iako ne vrlo vješt, i stoga nisu bili posebno obučeni u korištenju strojeva, što bi, kada se procijedi, proizvesti oko 12 kilograma igle po danu. Sada funta sadrži više od 4.000 igle srednje veličine. Dakle, tih 10 ljudi između njih može proizvesti više od 48.000 igle dnevno. Dakle, budući da svaka osoba može napraviti 1/10 pin 48 milijardi dnevno, može se pretpostaviti da su pinovi 4800 proizvodi svaki dan. Ako, međutim, radio je neovisno jedan od drugoga, a da niti jedna od njih je bio obučen za ovu vrstu djelatnosti, svako od njih sigurno nije mogao napraviti 20 igle dnevno, a možda čak i 1, tj.: sigurno ne bi 240. proizvesti. dio, a možda čak i 4800 izdanje. od onoga što smo mi sada u stanju proizvesti, na temelju odgovarajuće podjele rada, a kombinacija njihovih različitih operacija. Međutim, za Marxa, ova podjela rada nije donijeti korist radnika, jer, "samo zategnuti vijak", primjerice, izgubi kontrolu i znanja o procesu proizvodnje. Za specijalizirati u samo mali zadatak više ne može percipirati cijelu aktivnost u kojoj vaš trud pada. Dokument 7 Znanje, razumijevanje i volja, koji je seljak ili obrtnik razvija čak i na malom mjerilu sada postala obvezna samo u radionici u cjelini. Intelektualni se proširio ovlasti, s jedne strane, jer mnogi su strane nestaju. Ovaj disocijacija proces počinje u jednostavnim suradnji, razvijena je u proizvodnji koja unakazi radnik ga pretvoriti u djelomičnom i potpun rad u velikoj industriji, odvajajući rad i znanost. Francuski sociolog Émile Durkheim (1858-1917) imao je optimističan pogled na rad, dok je priznanje i svoje negativne posljedice. Prema Durkheima, stručnost služio jačati društvenu solidarnost unutar zajednice. Za ovaj mislilac, bilo je nužno uspostaviti društvene veze koje su dovele do društvene solidarnosti. Podjela rada mora osigurati suradnju između pojedinaca i time ostvariti pravilno funkcioniranje društva. Émile Durkheim je rođen u Epinal, Francuska, 15. travnja 1858, a umro je 15. studenog 1917. On je svoj život posvetio sociologije, što je autonomna znanost uči u francuskom visokom obrazovanju, a zatim u cijelom svijetu. Napisao je, među ostalim radovima: Elementi sociologiju (1889), podjela rada (1893) i samoubojstva (1897).