http___livro-ensino-medio.f1cf.com.br_historia_hr_history-54.html_1.xml
1.1 2.1 2.2 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 12.1 13.1 15.1 16.1 17.1 18.1 20.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 28.1 29.1
History With the expansion of business activities, especially from the fifteenth century, due to the expansion of trade both towards the East and towards America, it was necessary to increase the production of goods. Became more numerous small workshops. The production has to be directed to a market in continuous expansion, remaining, however, the profits in the hands of traders. With greater use of the currency, the expansion of trade relations and the strengthening of the markets in the cities, has become more common to use the hand-wage labor. In the sixteenth century, with the rise of the market economy, the exclusiveness of corporations was shaken. Occurred the interference of traders in the distribution of raw materials, the provision of working tools and expanding markets. They began to supply the raw material to workers outside the jurisdiction of corporations and control the marketing of the final product. Arose the system that became known as putting out, which included the figure of the merchant capitalist, that is, the intermediary between production and marketing. To meet the growing demand for commodities such intermediate feedstock led not only to the members of corporations, in the cities, were willing to work for them, but also for men, women and children of the villages. Putting out Set out / distributed generation Putting-out system system of division of labor Putter parceled out He who does perform work outside (boss) The raw material distributed was transformed in her own house by master craftsmen and laborers employed by him, as the guild system, but with an important difference: the masters were no longer independent; still had ownership of the instruments of labor, and although dominate the production process depended, to be raw material, from an entrepreneur interpose between them and the consumer. Became simply pieceworkers earners, being vetoed them market access, both to obtain the raw materials necessary for production as for the marketing of their products. Even if the intermediary does not modify the production technique, it sought to reorganize in order to increase productivity. Already realized, for example, the advantages of specialization division of labor to speed up production. Not that the corporate system under the division of labor was nonexistent. The textile production, for example, was divided into separate jobs, each one controlled by specialists. In this case the professional division of labor was replaced by division Construction Labor Wage
1.1 2.1 2.2 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 12.1 13.1 15.1 16.1 17.1 18.1 20.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 28.1 29.1
Povijest Uz širenje poslovanja, posebno iz petnaestog stoljeća, zbog širenja trgovine i prema istoku i prema Americi, bilo je potrebno povećati proizvodnju robe. Postao brojniji male radionice. Proizvodnja mora biti usmjerena na tržištu u stalnom širenju, preostalo je, međutim, je dobit u rukama trgovaca. Uz veću uporabu valute, širenje trgovinskih odnosa i jačanje tržišta u gradovima, postalo je uobičajeno koristiti ručni plaćeni rad. U šesnaestom stoljeću, uz porast tržišne ekonomije, isključivost korporacija bila potresena. Dogodile smetnje trgovaca u distribuciji sirovina, pružanje radnih alata i širenja tržišta. Počeli su se osiguravaju materijal za radnike izvan jurisdikcije korporacija i kontrolirati marketing gotovog proizvoda. Nastao je sustav koji je postao poznat kao stavljanje van, što je uključivalo i lik trgovački kapitalista, to jest, posrednik između proizvodnje i marketinga. Kako bi zadovoljili rastuću potražnju za robama, kao srednje sirovina dovela ne samo na članove korporacija, u gradovima, bili su spremni da rade za njih, ali i za muškarce, žene i djecu iz sela. Stavljajući se Krenite / distribuirane proizvodnje Stavljajući-out sustav sustav podjele rada Putter Parcelacija out Onaj tko ne obavlja poslove van (šef) Sirovina raspoređena je pretvoren u svojoj kući od strane majstora i radnika zaposlenih kod njega, kao ceh sustav, ali s bitnom razlikom: gospodari bili više nije neovisna, još uvijek je vlasništvo nad instrumenata za rad, te Iako dominiraju proizvodni proces ovisi, kako bi se sirovine, od poduzetnika posrednika između njih i potrošača. Postao jednostavno pieceworkers hranitelji obitelji, što je stavio veto im pristup na tržište, kako za dobivanje sirovine neophodne za proizvodnju kao i za plasman svojih proizvoda. Čak i ako posrednik ne mijenjati proizvodnu tehniku, nastojala reorganizirati kako bi se povećala produktivnost. Već shvatio, primjerice, prednosti specijalizacije podjele rada za ubrzanje proizvodnje. Nije da korporativni sustav pod podjeli rada bio nepostojeći. Proizvodnja tekstila, primjerice, bio je podijeljen u odvojene radnih mjesta, od kojih je svaki kontrolom stručnjaka. U ovom slučaju profesionalna podjela rada je zamijenio podjele Izgradnja rada plaća