http___livro-ensino-medio.f1cf.com.br_fisica_hr_physics-139.html_1.xml
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As Rutherford came to this conclusion? Rutherford, in 1908,taking advantage of the phenomenon of radioactivity, to conduct his experiments bombarded alpha particles (nuclei are atoms of helium emitted radioactive material) in a thin metal plate, as depicted in Figure (4). He noted that most of the particles passed through the plate with practically no deviation, however, a small portion of these particles were batting to the source. Therefore concluded that the atom had a small central region, the nucleus, where positive charge was concentrated. However, there should be an empty space in the atom (mostly) around the nucleus, where the particles crossed with ease, this is the region where the electrons. Figure 4: Schematic of the experiment Rutherford. Just as the Earth orbits around the Sun or the Moon around the Earth, also the electron orbit around the nucleus of the atom. The theory of Rutherford had experimental evidence, however was not fully accepted due to Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, which predicts that an accelerated charge loses energy in the form of radiation. This was not in agreement with the Rutherford model, which proposes: "that atoms were unstable ... and spin electrons must
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Kao Rutherford je došao do tog zaključka? Rutherford,1908, uzimanje prednost od fenomena radioaktivnosti, provoditi svoje eksperimente bombardiraju alfa čestice (jezgre atoma helija se emitiraju radioaktivnim materijalom) u limene ploče, kao što je prikazano na slici (4). On je napomenuo da je većina čestica prolazi kroz ploču s praktički nema odstupanja, međutim, mali dio tih čestica su udaranje na izvor. Stoga su zaključili da je atom imao mali središnji dio, jezgru, gdje je pozitivan naboj je koncentriran. Međutim, tu bi trebao biti prazan prostor u atomu (uglavnom) oko jezgre, gdje se čestice prešao s lakoćom, ova je regija u kojoj se elektroni. Slika 4: Shema pokusa Rutherford. Baš kao što je Zemlja kruži oko Sunca ili Mjeseca oko Zemlje, ujedno i elektrona kruže oko jezgre atoma. Teorija Rutherford je eksperimentalni dokaz, međutim, nije bio u potpunosti prihvaćena zbog Maxwellove teorije elektromagnetskog, koji predviđa da se ubrzano gubi naboj energije u obliku zračenja. To nije bio u dogovoru s Rutherford modelu koji predlaže: "da atomi su nestabilni ... i spina elektrona mora