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School ACTIVITY Based on Table 1 , referring to the comparison between capitalism and socialism, to produce a cartoon that represents some characteristics of both systems. Crisis of socialism in the Soviet Union The Soviet Union since its creation in 1922, had an economy guided by plans, namely planned economy, where the state planned and determined what and how to produce. The investment in infrastructure and basic industries (machinery and equipment) allowed a great economic growth in the USSR. However, from the 1970s, the Soviet economy started to get stagnant, failing to follow the innovations technical-scientific period. In the Soviet model, the state was the centralizing agent of the economy, which allowed access to the entire population to produce accessible. On the other hand, the structure of centralized power control caused excessive corruption and lack of motivation, which increased the cost of production. Moreover, the bureaucracy, the structure of the single political party with privileges to senior leadership and the lack of freedom of citizens contributed to hinder development. So when he took power in 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev (1931 -) has proposed reforms that obtained economic support frames, but found resistance at the helm of the party / state. During his rule (1985-1991), Gorbachev sought to transform Soviet socialism through reform of economic restructuring, as Perestroika (Restructuring), and opening up policy, as glasnost (transparency). The program Glasnost was intended to reintroduce a constitutional and democratic state based on law, civil liberties. For this, there should be a separation between the Soviet Communist Party (CPSU) and the state, which meant the end of unipartidarismo, returning power to the soviets. The new economic system of Perestroika legalized small private enterprises (cooperatives), removed subsidies from state enterprises and favored the entry of foreign companies, opening the Soviet market to the capitalist economy. You can guess what were the consequences of the reforms for the Soviets? Power relations
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Škola AKTIVNOST Na temelju tablici 1 , a odnosi se na usporedbu između kapitalizma i socijalizma, proizvoditi crtani film koji predstavlja neke osobine oba sustava. Kriza socijalizma u Sovjetskom Savezu Sovjetski Savez od njegova osnivanja u 1922, imali gospodarstvo vođeni planova, odnosno planske ekonomije, u kojoj je država planira i određuje što i kako proizvoditi. Ulaganja u infrastrukturu i osnovne djelatnosti (strojevi i oprema) dozvoljeno veliki ekonomski rast u SSSR-u. Međutim, od 1970-ih, sovjetsko gospodarstvo počelo se ustajala, ne uspijevaju pratiti inovacije tehničko-znanstvenu razdoblje. U sovjetskom modelu, država je centralizira agent gospodarstva, što je omogućilo pristup na cijelu populaciju za proizvodnju dostupni. S druge strane, struktura centraliziranom nadzoru snage uzrokovalo pretjeranu korupciju i nedostatak motivacije, što je povećalo troškove proizvodnje. Štoviše, birokracija, struktura jednu političku stranku s povlasticama do višeg rukovodstva i nedostatak slobode građana pridonijela ometaju razvoj. Dakle, kada je on preuzeo vlast 1985, Mihail Gorbačov (1931 -) je predložio reforme koje dobivaju podršku ekonomske okvire, ali naći otpornost na čelu stranke / države. Tijekom njegove vladavine (1985-1991), Gorbačov je pokušao izmijeniti sovjetski socijalizam kroz reformu ekonomskog restrukturiranja, kao Perestrojka (restrukturiranje), i otvaranje politike, kao glasnost (transparentnost). Program glasnost bio namijenjen da ponovo ustavnu i demokratsku državu na temelju zakona, građanske slobode. Za to bi trebao biti razmak između Komunističke partije SSSR (CPSU) i države, što je značilo kraj unipartidarismo, vraća moć u rukama sovjeta. Novi ekonomski sustav Perestrojka legalizirana malih privatnih poduzeća (zadruge), uklonjene su subvencije iz državnih poduzeća i omiljen ulazak stranih tvrtki, otvaranje tržišta Sovjetskog na kapitalističke ekonomije. Možete pogoditi što su posljedice reformi za Sovjete? odnosima moći