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Greenland (, "Land of the Kalaallit", Danish: Grønland) is an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark, located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and later Denmark) for more than a millennium. In 2008, the people of Greenland supported a referendum on greater autonomy by 75%. Greenland is, by area, the world's largest island. With a population of 56,749 (2012 estimate), it is the least densely populated dependency or country in the world. Greenland has been inhabited, though not continuously, by Arctic peoples via Canada for 4,500 to 5,000 years. In the 10th century, Norsemen settled on the uninhabited southern part of Greenland. In the 13th century, the Inuit arrived, and in the late 15th century, the Norse colonies disappeared. In the early 18th century, contact between Scandinavia and Greenland was re-established and Denmark established rule over Greenland. Greenland became a Danish colony in 1814 after being under the rule of Denmark-Norway for centuries. With the Constitution of Denmark of 1953, Greenland became a part of the Danish Realm in a relationship known in Danish as Rigsfællesskabet (Commonwealth of the Realm). In 1979, Denmark granted home rule to Greenland, and in 2008, Greenland voted to transfer more power from the Danish royal government to the local Greenlandic government. This became effective the following year on June 21, 2009, with the Danish royal government in charge of foreign affairs, security (defence-police-justice), and financial policy, and providing a subsidy of DKK 3.4 billion. This subsidy will be gradually diminishing over time as Greenland's own economy is expected to become stronger due to income from resource extraction.
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Grenland (grenlandski: Kalaallit Nunaat, danski: Grønland) je autonomni teritorij Danske. Najveći je otok na svijetu. Arktički otok se nalazi u Sjevernoj Americi i geografski i etnički; ali politički i povijesno Grenland je bliži Europi. Atlanski ocean se nalazi južno od Grenlanda, Arktički ocean na sjeveru, Baffinov zaljev i Kanada na zapadu. Grenland je najveći otok i najveći teritorij koji nije nezavisan. Također, na otoku se nalazi najveći nacionalni park na svijetu. Oko 81% površine je prekrivena ledom. Skoro svi stanovnici žive u fjordovima na jugozapadu otoka, koje ima blažu klimu. Većina Grenlanđana su mješavina skandinavskog naroda i Kalalita (Inuit), i govore grenlandski jezik kao materinski jezik. Grenlandski jezik govori oko 50.000 ljudi, koji se nalazi u grupi eskimsko-aleutskih jezika. Manjina danskih migranata bez inuitskog podrijetla govori danski kao prvi jezik. Oba jezika su službena. Grenland je bio pod Norveškom upravom od 11. stoljeća pa do 1814., kada je vlast data Danskoj, iako su Danska i Norveška bile u personalnoj uniji stoljećima. Grenland je postao sastavni dio Danske 1953. Lokalnu autonomiju su dobili u danskom parlamentu (Folketing) 1. svibnja 1979. 2008. godine Grenlanđani su izglasovali prijenos više nadležnosti na lokalnu vladu, što je stupilo na snagu 21. lipnja 2009. Danska središnja vlada nadležna je samo za vanjsku politiku, sigurnost te financijsku politiku. Grenlandski glasači su referendumom 1985. godine napustili Europsku ekonomsku zajednicu (današnju Europsku Uniju).