http___metro-portal.hr_europa-najavila-misiju-na-jupiter-i-njegove-mjesece_70621_1.xml
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Jupiter is the largest planet in our Solar system and is the 5th closest planet to the sun. - Jupiter has a mass of 1898×1024 kg or 317.92 Earth's. - Due to its large mass Jupiter also has a high gravity of 23.1m/s2. - It takes Jupiter 9.9 hours for its rotational period. - Jupiter is an average distance of 778.6000000 km from the sun. - Jupiter has a diameter of 142 984 km. - Jupiter takes 4331 Earth days to complete an orbit around the sun. - Jupiter has a Perihelion of 740,500,000 km and an Aphelion of 816,600,000 km. - The mean temperature on Jupiter is -110 degrees Celsius. - It is believed that Jupiter's top cloud layer is likely made of ammonia ice, with the middel layer believed to be made of ammonium hydrosulfide crystals and the inner atmosphere to consist of water ice and vapor . - A spacecraft would need to achieve 59.5 km/s to escape Jupiters gravity. Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined, but slightly less than one-thousandth the mass of the Sun. Jupiter is the third-brightest natural object in the Earth's night sky after the Moon and Venus. It has been observed since pre-historic times and is named after the Roman god Jupiter, the king of the gods, because of its observed size. Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen, but helium comprises one quarter of its mass and one tenth of its volume. It likely has a rocky core of heavier elements, but like the other giant planets, Jupiter lacks a well-defined solid surface. The on-going contraction of its interior generates heat greater than the amount received from the Sun. Because of its rapid rotation, the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid; it has a slight but noticeable bulge around the equator. The outer atmosphere is visibly segregated into several bands at different latitudes, with turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries. A prominent result of this is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm that is known to have existed since at least the 17th century, when it was first seen by telescope. Surrounding Jupiter is a faint planetary ring system and a powerful magnetosphere. Jupiter's magnetic tail is nearly 800 million km long, covering the entire distance to Saturn's orbit. Jupiter has almost a hundred known moons and possibly many more, including the four large Galilean moons discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury. Pioneer 10 was the first spacecraft to visit Jupiter, making its closest approach to the planet in December 1973. Jupiter has since been explored on a number of occasions by robotic spacecraft, beginning with the Pioneer and Voyager flyby missions from 1973 to 1979, and later by the Galileo orbiter, which arrived at Jupiter in 1995. In 2007, Jupiter was visited by the New Horizons probe, which used Jupiter's gravity to increase its speed and bend its trajectory en route to Pluto. The latest probe to visit the planet, Juno, entered orbit around Jupiter in July 2016. Future targets for exploration in the Jupiter system include the probable ice-covered liquid ocean of the moon Europa.
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Europa najavila misiju na Jupiter i njegove mjesece Europska svemirska agencija (ESA) dobila je zeleno svijetlo za milijardu dolara vrijednu misiju na Jupiter i njegove najveće mjesece Europska svemirska agencija (ESA) je na sastanku u Parizu odobrila projekt vrijedan milijardu dolara, a riječ je o misiji na Jupiter i njegove ledene mjesece, objavili su europski mediji, javlja Hina. Sonda "Juice", koja bi bila spremna za lansiranje 2022. godine, trebala bi do Jupitera i njegovih mjeseca stići za osam godina. "Juice" je kratica od JUpiter ICy moon Explorer. Radi se o skoro pet tona teškoj letjelici koja bi se uputila na najveći planet Sunčeva sustava kako bi se istražila tri najveća Jupiterova mjeseca, Kalisto, Europa i Ganimed. Znanstvenici smatraju da bi se ispod njihovih ledenih površina mogli nalaziti oceani vode i kao takvi bi mogli imati okoliš podoban za jednostavnu biologiju, prenosi BBC. "Četiri su uvjeta za razvoj života. Treba nam voda, treba nam izvor energije - kako bi led postao voda, određeni kemijski elementi - dušik, ugljik, vodik, i kao četvrto, potrebna je stabilnost - određeno vrijeme koje bi omogućilo životu da nastane", objasnila je profesorica Michele Dougherty sa Kraljevskog koledža u Londonu. "Vjerujemo da takvi uvjeti postoje na Jupiterovim ledenim mjesecima, a 'Juice' će nam to moći reći", kazala je Dougherty. Jupiter je peti planet od Sunca i najveći planet u Sunčevu sustavu. Do sada su pronađena 63 prirodna satelita (mjeseca) koji kruže oko Jupitera, a otkriveni su i planetarni prsteni. Jupiter je četvrto najsjajnije nebesko tijelo, nakon Sunca, Mjeseca i Venere. Ima 2,5 puta veću masu od ukupne mase ostalih sedam planeta u Sunčevu sustavu. Europa, Ganimed, Kalisto i Io spadaju u tzv. Galilejanske satelite. Godine 1610. otkrio ih je Galileo Galilei.