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In restless leg syndrome uncontrollable limb movements are a regular occurrence that can make it impossible to obtain a restful night’s sleep. Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder, and not a sleep disorder as others believe. The problem with RLS is an almost irresistible urge to move the legs, due to unpleasant feelings. These feelings appear most of the time when a person is sleeping or resting. A key feature of RLS is that the unpleasant sensations are worse in the evening or night than during the day, or is occurring only in the night. These sensations may even occur when sitting for a long period of time, such as while at a desk, watching a movie, or driving a car. The following video explains more about RLS: The effect of RLS on sleep is a disturbing sleep onset, causing excessive daytime drowsiness. Sleep apnea can worsen RLS due to sleep fragmentation. Also, the adherence to CPAP treatment is affected due to this restless sleep. Unfortunately, the cause of RLS is unknown, but is suggested a genetic link. Another cause may be related to low iron levels, or anemia, which results in a lack of dopamine. If you didn't know, dopamine is used by the brain to control limb movements. Once iron levels are corrected with supplements and a better nutrition, patients may see that their restless leg symptoms will disappear. Use of medications may cause RLS, such as metoclopramide or prochlordrperazie, antiseizure drugs like droperidol, or cold and allergy medications. This video explains more about the risk factors of RLS: In the following video you will learn how doctors can diagnose restless legs syndrome: The restless leg syndrome treatment will not cure the disorder, but the symptoms may disappear for a period of time and offer more restful nights. The best improvements are seen when a patient is given dopamine, through a treatment. Like any other medication, there are side effects of dopaminergic therapy, such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, muscle aches, headaches, constipation. If you have a mild case of RLS, you can use alternative therapy, such as sedatives. Ropinirole is the only drug approved for the treatment of restless leg syndrome. To reduce the symptoms of RLS, you can use behavioral strategies. This strategies include exercise, leg massage before bedtime, and warm baths. Scientists suggest that sticking to a routine sleep schedule can reduce this symptoms. Decreased use of alcohol, tobacco and caffeine may provide relief for a patient with a mild RLS. For more info about treatments for RLS, see restless leg syndrome treatment. Everything You Need to Know About CPAP Machine. Learn about CPAP using a detailed Guide that will educate you to choose the best CPAP and help you to avoid the most common side effects. Can CPAP benefits boost your health if you have sleep apnea or snoring? And is it worth it to sleep with a mask on your face every night? How to prevent and eliminate CPAP claustrophobia? Learn how to sleep with your CPAP mask on even if you have CPAP anxiety.
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Miletić, Vladimir and Relja, Maja (2011) Restless legs syndrome. Collegium Antropologicum, 35 (4). pp. 1339-47. Croatian abstract SINDROM NEMIRNIH NOGU ----- Kao jedan od najčešćih uzroka nesanice, što u konačnici uzrokuje kroničan zamor, neadekvatno obavljanje dnevnih aktivnosti te ozbiljno narušavanje kvalitete života, RLS danas predstavlja ne samo važan medicinski već i sociološko- -ekonomski problem. Prevalencija se u općoj populaciji procjenjuje na 5–15%. Obiteljska anamneza pozitivna je u više od 50% oboljelih od idiopatskog RLS-a, što upućuje na genetsku podlogu ovog poremećaja. Početak simptoma u starijoj životnoj dobi i brza progresija obilježja su sekundarnog-stečenog oblika RLS-a, za razliku od idiopatskog RLS-a koji se prezentira u mlađih osoba i ima bolju prognozu. Više od 20 poremećaja i stanja dovodi se u vezu sa sekundarnim RLS- -om. Iako se uzrok primarnog RLS-a ne zna, postoji veza između središnjeg metabolizma željeza i razine dopamina s pojavom RLS-a. Diferencijalna dijagnoza sindroma nemirnih nogu obuhvaća širok spektar motornih i senzornih poremećaja. Dijagnoza RLS-a se postavlja na temelju kliničke slike i povijesti bolesti pri tome zadovoljavajući esencijalne i pomoćne kriterije. Ispravno postavljanje dijagnoze idiopatskog RLS-a zahtijeva u prvom redu isključivanje sekundarnih uzroka RLS-a, a potom i poremećaja koji svojom kliničkom slikom mogu oponašati RLS. Pretpostavlja se da 20–25% oboljelih od RLS-a zahtijeva farmakološko liječenje. Najboljom početnom terapijom smatra primjena ne-ergotinskih dopaminskih antagonista. Antiepileptici, benzodiazepini i opioidi mogu se primjeniti u bolesnika refraktornih na dopaminergičku terapiju, u RLS-u s naglašenom bolnom senzornom komponentom te RLS-u povezanom s nesanicom. S obzirom na učestalost bolesti, mogućnost dijagnosticiranja te djelotvornost liječenja ne samo neurolozi i psihijatri već i liječnici primarne zdravstvene zaštite moraju biti upoznati s prepoznavanjem i liječenjem ovog sindroma. English abstract Being of the most frequent causes of insomnia, which in the end leads to chronic fatigue, inadequate performance of daily activities, and serious disruption of quality of living, restless legs syndrome (RLS) is nowadays not only a serious medical problem but a socio-economical one as well. Prevalence of the disorder in general population is estimated at 5 to 15%. Family history is positive in over 50% of idiopathic RLS patients which points to genetic basis of the disorder. The characteristics of the secondary or acquired form of RLS are symptoms that start later in life as well as a rapid progression of the disease. On the other hand, idiopathic RLS more often starts at a younger age and the prognoses are better. Over twenty disorders and conditions are brought in connection with secondary RLS. Although the cause of primary RLS is still unknown, there is a strong connection between central metabolism of iron as well as dopamine levels and RLS manifestation. A differential diagnosis of RLS includes a wide specter of motor and sensory disorders. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and the history of disease. To correctly diagnose idiopathic RLS one must first eliminate secondary causes of RLS and then also exclude any disorders with clinical features that mimic those of RLS. It has been estimated that some 20 to 25% of patients need pharmacological therapy. Best initial therapy is the application of nonergot dopamine agonists. Anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines and opioides can be given to patients who are refractory to dopaminergic therapy, those suffering from RLS with emphasized painful sensory component and those with RLS connected with insomnia. Actions (login required)