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Europe Opinion: EU silence on Spain-Catalonia dispute won't help Two stubborn forces are squaring off in Spain and Catalonia. The EU should attempt to mediate the independence dispute, even though the legal situation seems crystal clear, says DW's Bernd Riegert. Is it really possible that a conflict brought on by an independence movement might actually lead to a governmental crisis, an attempted coup or even a violent confrontation within the European Union in the 21st century? Who is willing and able to step in and put an end to the madness taking place in Catalonia? So far, the Spanish government has failed miserably. Right now, those Catalans who want independence, alongside the region's state government, are simply pushing ahead with their plan. The Spanish king has intervened but the conflict still continues to intensify. A unilateral declaration of Catalan independence is only days away. Is that legal? Illegal? The Catalan president could care less. Catalans argue that the Spanish constitution doesn't apply to them because they don't want to be part of Spain anyhow. True, the Spanish constitution could be changed, but only through the will of the Spanish people as a whole, not a regional referendum. The rule of law in Spain is under threat because it cannot be enforced in Catalonia. It is not under threat because the Spanish government is acting unconstitutionally. That assessment, put forth by the European Commission, is correct. And the Commission cannot simply step in as a mediator because it is bound to respect the independence and constitutional sovereignty of individual member states. European contracts do not guarantee the EU mediator status, at least not in this particular instance. In Poland and Hungary, the European Commission was forced to act because the governments of those two member states had taken steps to undermine their countries' justice systems, and with that, the rule of law. Thus the European Commission was acting as a body responsible for enforcing contractual agreements and not as a mediator between majorities and minorities within a member state. Restraint legally correct but politically unsound EU restraint is therefore understandable from a legal standpoint, but is it politically wise? No, it isn't. The European Commission, or European Council President Donald Tusk, should not simply stand by as the situation in Catalonia continues to escalate. It would be helpful if someone within the EU would offer to facilitate dialogue between Madrid and Barcelona. That said, there is no chance that the EU can take on the role of a true mediator because neither Madrid nor Barcelona want that. Catalan representatives in the European Parliament expect the EU to discipline Spain. That won't happen. For their part, diplomats representing the Spanish government in Strasbourg have rejected the idea of mediation or even dialogue with the Catalan president. The Spanish government says that Catalonia is carrying out a coup. Thus, there is nothing to discuss. DW's Bernd Riegert Nevertheless, the EU should at least offer its services in laying the groundwork for talks. The bloc must show its citizens that it is dealing with the situation and doesn't simply ignore crises. EU Vice-President Frans Timmermans, who is responsible for the rule of law within the bloc, has signaled that he is keeping a close eye on the legality of the situation in Spain. But he sees the approach of Catalan separatists as the root of the problem. Still, if the EU continually points to itself as a successful model for peace it must prove that it is also capable of finding peaceful solutions to conflicts within individual members states and not just between them. The European Commission urgently needs to come up with a backup plan in the event that Catalonia actually takes the irrational step of unilaterally declaring its independence from Spain. Neither the EU nor any of its member states would recognize such a move. But that would still leave the problem of just how to deal with Catalan representatives, travelers, goods and any future attempts at accession. What will the EU do if Spain decides to remove the regional government, call new elections and revoke Catalonia's autonomous status? All moves, by the way, that are within its legal rights. So far, the EU has been content to bury its head in the sand rather than deal with this crisis – which has been building for years. That is no longer an option. One major reason that it is no longer an option is the fact that Brexit supporters, right-wing populists and nationalists across the EU are trying to mythologize the situation in Catalonia as just one more instance in which Brussels is trying to crush minorities' and peoples' freedom. Of course that argument is utter nonsense; nonetheless, it is not enough to ignore it. Such arguments must be convincingly refuted. Otherwise, the Spanish crisis could well become a European crisis. DW recommends Catalan independence - what you need to know Catalonia has gone to the polls on October 1 to vote in a referendum on independence from Spain. But do Catalans really want independence and are they ready? DW has the lowdown. Catalan separatist movement driven by more than just economics Some 700,000 people took to the streets in Barcelona to protest police violence during Catalonia's referendum. Now, separatists are hoping for a declaration of independence. DW's Mariel Müller reports from Barcelona. EU dodges Catalonia independence question The European Commission has not taken an official position on the independence referendum in Catalonia. But now some European lawmakers are calling for it to mediate. DW's Bernd Riegert reports from Brussels. Spain's King Felipe: Catalan leaders 'irresponsible,' state must ensure 'constitutional order' Spain's King Felipe took aim at Catalan leaders denouncing their independence vote as a threat to national stability. Catalan leader Carles Puigdemont has said Catalonia will declare independence in a "matter of days." Spain's Constitutional Court suspends Catalan independence parliament session The Constitutional Court in Madrid has suspended a session of the Catalan parliament in which local leaders were expected to unilaterally declare independence from Spain. It follows last weekend's referendum. Catalan independence: Spain rejects calls for mediation by Catalan President Carles Puigdemont Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy asked Carles Puigdemont to abandon the independence drive as a prerequisite to talks. The Catalan parliament is expected to unilaterally declare independence from Spain next week. Audios and videos on the topic - Author Bernd Riegert - Keywords Catalonia, Spain, EU, independence, mediation
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Politika Glasna šutnja Bruxellesa o Kataloniji Nakon referenduma u Kataloniji iz Europske komisije dolaze uglavnom floskule. Nema čvrstog službenog stajališta o sporu vlasti u Madridu i Barceloni. Zastupnici Europskog parlamenta traže da EU posreduje. Neki katalonski političari, ali ne i katalonska vlada, kao i zastupnički klub Zelenih u Europskom parlamentu, traže od Europske komisije da posreduje u sporu između Madrida i Barcelone. Europska unija nije stala ni na čiju stranu: „Radi se o postupcima u vezi s uređenjem države u zemlji članici Španjolskoj, i u to se Komisija ne miješa", takve poruke su se posljednjih tjedana stalno čule od glasnogovornika EU-a. Uz to važi i načelo da „nasilje ne smije biti sredstvo u političkim borbama", kako je to rekao glasnogovornik Europske komisije Margaritis Schinas: „Obje strane sada s konfrontacije trebaju prijeći na dijalog." Europska komisija je priopćila da španjolskog premijera Mariana Rajoya smatra sposobnim da vlada situacijom, a samo glasovanje u nedjelju Komisija smatra protuzakonitim. Zeleni u Europskom parlamentu smatraju da je u Španjolskoj ugrožena pravna država i traže od mjerodavnog povjerenika EU-a Fransa Timmermansa da posreduje između centralne vlade Španjolske i katalonskog pokreta za neovisnost. Doduše, EU teško može posredovati protiv volje Španjolske koja je članica EU-a, i čiji su najviši sudovi referendum proglasili ilegalnim. Da bi neki posrednik preuzeo tu zadaću njega moraju pozvati obje strane, kažu diplomati EU-a u Bruxellesu. Pravno gledano, svaka zemlja članica je sama nadležna za svoju unutarnju strukturu. Država „Katalonija" bi napustila EU Referendum u Škotskoj iz 2014. o mogućoj samostalnosti je, prema poimanju EU-a, održan u potpuno drukčijim uvjetima jer je središnja vlada u Londonu pristala da se on održi. Europska komisija je više puta naglasila da neovisna država Katalonija ne bi bila članica EU-a i da bi morala podnijeti zahtjev za članstvo. Isti postupak bi važio i za Škotsku da je rezultat tamošnjeg referenduma bio drukčiji. Katalonija je jedna od gospodarski najjačih regija u Španjolskoj. BDP po glavi stanovnika je veći nego španjolski prosjek, ali ipak manji nego prosjek eurozone. Zastupnik SPD-a u Europskom parlamentu Jo Leinen zatražio je od obje strane da se „poslije kaotičnog referenduma što prije vrate za pregovarački stol". Leinen, koji je član Ustavnog odbora Europskog parlamenta, u Bruxellesu je rekao da „političke krize u jednoj zemlji EU-a uvijek imaju i europsku dimenziju i tiču se svih nas". Europska komisija bi, prema ovom političaru, trebala ponuditi pomoć i biti nepristran posrednik. Europski zastupnici traže posredovanje Oba velika kluba Europskog parlamenta, konzervativci i socijalisti, do sada su htjela staviti problem u Španjolskoj na dnevni red EP-a. Španjolski zastupnici oba kluba su odbacivali taj prijedlog Zelenih. Šef zastupničkoga kluba Liberala, Guy Verhofstadt, ne želi se miješati u španjolsku politiku, ali je osudio nasilje na obje strane kao „apsolutno neprihvatljivo". Prema njegovim riječima, krajnje je vrijeme za deeskalaciju. „Samo političko rješenje u kojem će sudjelovati sve stranke, pa i oporba u katalonskom parlamentu, uz poštovanje Ustava i pravnog poretka, može nas odvesti dalje." Ako katalonska vlada sada bude proglasila neovisnost, što je šef katalonske vlade Carles Puigdemont već najavio, teško je vjerovati da će je priznati neka članica EU-a. To bi bio direktan napad na članicu EU-a Španjolsku, koji bi doveo do krize unutar EU-a. Još 2014. katalonska vlada je provela veliku anketu o neovisnosti. Tadašnja molba da je podrže druge zemlje EU-a ostala je neuslišana. I tada je centralna španjolska vlada konzervativnog premijera Rajoya poručila da je teritorijalna cjelovitost Španjolske – nepovrediva. Preporuka uredništva Katalonija i već viđeno u Jugoslaviji Njemački novinar Thomas Rosner je iz Beograda pratio referendum u Kataloniji. I njemu se mnogo toga učinilo poznatim, a za njemačku publiku objašnjava da granice nakon raspada Jugoslavije možda još nisu konačne. Komentar: I što sad u Kataloniji? 90% Katalonaca je glasovalo za neovisnost – onih koji su uopće uspjeli glasovati od policijskih palica. Obje strane su učinile što su kanile, ali ishod je: sljedeća katastrofa je zajamčena, misli Gemma Casadevall. Besmisleno nasilje u Kataloniji Počelo je pjesmom i cvijećem, ali referendum o neovisnosti Katalonije pretvorio se u nešto drugo: mnoštvo je povrijeđenih sa obje strane, a sve je više i Katalonaca na ulicama. Novo povlačenje granica u Europi? Državna sila protiv održavanja referenduma u Kataloniji o neovisnosti: straže po mjestima održavanja, zaplijena listića - to malo kad dobro završi. Ali to nije jedina regija u Europi koja teži neovisnosti. - Autor Bernd Riegert - Ključne riječi EU, Španjolska, Katalonija, referendum, posredovanje, Madrid, Barcelona, Europa