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Chemistry After all, what is stereoisomerism? What is? How did? What scientist first observed? You'll meet some of this story. In 1848, Louis Pasteur (who created the vaccine against rabies, hydrophobia) made several observations regarding the optical properties of two substances removed tartar (crystals) deposited in wine casks aged. At this time, Pasteur was quite young and had completed her bachelor's degree in science with a mediocre rating in Chemistry. With the aid of a magnifying glass and a clamp Pasteur carefully separated tartar crystals of two different groups. He noted that in solution (dissolved in water) these crystals deviated polarized light. Then Pasteur concluded that this feature was not due to molecules being images of each other in a plane mirror, or chiral molecules were. Another important fact that Pasteur was noted that the two substances have the same chemical and physical properties, but differed on the behavior of a beam of polarized light. In 1874, Vant Hoff and Le Bel proposed that substances with optical activity had carbon tetrahedral structure (when carbon was bonded to four different atoms). The observations of Pasteur, Vant Hoff and Le Bel laid the foundations for the stereochemistry. They scored significantly the study of molecules in three dimensions and have contributed to our understanding of how a drug (medicine) interacts with our body, producing the desired biological effect. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001 was given to the North American William Knowles and Barry Sharpless and Ryoji Noyori for Japanese studies that allowed mainly the production of new medicines from the separation of chiral molecules. The study of these researchers was able to produce only benign forms of chiral molecules (pure enantiomers). These studies were fundamental for the industrial scale production of drugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories. After all, you will "face" without an injection needle or not? How will this injection? Chemistry in Pharmacy: A Drug Remedy Cool
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Kemija Uostalom, ono što je stereoisomerism? Što je? Kako je? Ono što znanstvenici prvi primijetio? Vi ćete upoznati neke od ove priče. U 1848, Louis Pasteur (koji je stvorio cjepivo protiv bjesnoće, bjesnilo) napravio nekoliko zapažanja o optičkih svojstava dvije tvari uklanjaju kamenac (kristali) pohranjenog u vinskim bačvama dobi. U ovom trenutku, Pasteur je vrlo mlad i završio svoje diplomirao u znanosti s osrednjim rejtinga u kemiju. Uz pomoć povećalom i sponom Pasteur pažljivo odvojene kamenac kristale dvije različite skupine. On je napomenuo da je u otopini (otopljen u vodi) ove kristali grozan polarizirane svjetlosti. Zatim Pasteur zaključio da je ova značajka nije bilo zbog molekula budu slike jedni druge u avionskoj ogledalo, ili kiralnih molekula. Još jedna važna činjenica da je Pasteur je istaknuo da su dvije tvari imaju isto kemijska i fizikalna svojstva, ali se razlikuju po ponašanju snop polarizirane svjetlosti. Godine 1874, rapija Hoff i Le Bel predložio da tvari s optičkim aktivnosti je ugljični tetraedarske strukturu (kad ugljika povezan s četiri različita atoma). Promatranja Pasteur, rapija Hoff i Le Bel postavio temelje za stereokemiji. Oni zabio značajno proučavanje molekula u tri dimenzije i pridonijele su naše razumijevanje o tome kako lijek (medicina) komunicira sa svojim tijelom, proizvodnju željeni biološki učinak. Nobelova nagrada za kemiju 2001 dobio je sjevernoameričkim u William Knowles i Barry Sharpless i Ryoji Noyori za japanske studije koje su dopustile uglavnom proizvodnju novih lijekova od odvajanja kiralnih molekula. Proučavanje ovih istraživača je u stanju proizvesti samo benigne oblike kiralnih molekula (čistih enantiomera). Ove studije bila su u industrijskoj razini proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje Parkinsonove bolesti, antibiotici, anti-inflammatories. Uostalom, što će "lice" bez injekcije iglom ili ne? Kako će ovo injekcije? Kemija u Farmaceutsko: Drug lijek Cool