http___livro-ensino-medio.f1cf.com.br_quimica_hr_chemistry-134.html_1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 12.1 16.1 20.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 28.1 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 30.1
The men and animals are continually in need of energy to maintain body temperature and to perform activities, such as production and decomposition of substances, and movements of the body. Humans seek food in its energy sources; these foods need to present in its composition substances that serve as nutrients. Among the major nutrients to the animal organism, are carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose, and starch. Glucose is a major source of energy for living organisms. Sucrose and starch are converted into glucose in the human body by hydrolysis (breakdown by water). The transformation of glucose in the body involves several stages oxidative results in disruption of the glucose molecule, giving rise to new products and the release of energy. The final equation that represents this process is: The 6 CO The + energy This energy is used partly by living organisms for the synthesis of other substances which take part in other processes such as, for example, muscular activities. Most of the energy of glucose is stored as chemical energy in new compounds formed, which can lead to the synthesis of fat, protein and other substances in the body. Another source of energy for the body are lipids, which are the main representatives of the oils and fats. They are stored in the body, thereby supplying the power supply necessary for life. Some lipids are formed from carboxylic acids. As for proteins, are primarily used in the constitution of the body and how carriers (hemoglobin and albumin) in defense functions, control and regulation (hormones, enzymes), contractile (muscle), however, in the absence of sugars and lipids, they convert to energy sources, as a last resort to maintain life. A balanced diet and adequate amount contributes to a better life and reduces the risk of disease. But how to achieve this? Easy: just you know what types of food, its basic composition. We eat about 63% to 70% carbohydrates, 20% to 25% lipids and about 10% to 12% protein of total daily calories (Narcissus, 2000)
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 15.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4
Ljudi i životinje su stalno u potrebi energije za održavanje tjelesne temperature, a za obavljanje djelatnosti, poput proizvodnje i razgradnje tvari, i pokretima tijela. Ljudi traže hranu u svojim izvorima energije, ove namirnice trebaju prezentirati u svom sastavu tvari koje služe kao hranjiva. Među glavnim hranjivih tvari u životinjskom organizmu, kao što su ugljikohidrati glukoza, saharoza, škrob i. Glukoza je glavni izvor energije za žive organizme. Saharoza i škrob se pretvara u glukozu u ljudskom tijelu hidrolizom (podjela po vodi). Transformacija glukoze u tijelu uključuje nekoliko faza oksidativnih rezultate u narušavanja glukoze molekula, čime se popeti na nove proizvode i oslobađanje energije. Konačna jednadžba koja predstavlja ovaj proces je: 6 CO + energije Ta energija se koristi dijelom žive organizme za sintezu drugih tvari koje sudjeluju u drugim procesima, kao što su, na primjer, mišićna aktivnosti. Većina energije iz glukoze se pohranjuje kao kemijske energije u nove spojeve formirana, što može dovesti do sintezi masti, proteina i drugih tvari u tijelu. Drugi izvor energije za tijelo su lipidi, koji su glavni predstavnici ulja i masti. Oni su pohranjeni u tijelu, time i opskrba napajanje potrebnu za život. Neki lipidi se formiraju iz karboksilnih kiselina. Što se tiče proteina, prvenstveno koriste u konstituciji tijela i kako prijevoznika (hemoglobina i albumina) u obrambenim funkcijama, kontrolu i regulaciju (hormoni, enzimi), kontraktilnim (mišić), međutim, u nedostatku šećera i lipida, oni pretvoriti u izvore energije, kao posljednje sredstvo za održavanje života. Uravnotežena prehrana i adekvatna količina pridonosi boljem životu i smanjuje rizik od bolesti. No, kako to postići? Jednostavno: Samo da znate što vrste hrane, svoj osnovni sastav. Jedemo oko 63% do 70% ugljikohidrata, 20% do 25% lipida i oko 10% do 12% proteina od ukupnog dnevnog unosa kalorija