http___megagiga.info_zene-obratite-paznju-ovo-je-5-neuobicajenih-znakova-raka-dojke__1.xml
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04 February 2012 By Umesh Isalkar Pune India Condition Often Diagnosed Late In Men; At Least One Case In Pune Every Month: Experts This may sound strange, but this is true. Breast cancer in men is on the rise in the city. At least one case of male breast cancer is seen in Pune every month, say experts. Contrary to breast cancer in women, male breast cancer is detected late and spreads faster. “Although very rare, approximately 1% of all breast cancer is diagnosed in men. Male breast cancer is cancer that forms in the breast tissue of men. Though breast cancer is most commonly thought of as a woman’s disease, male breast cancer does occur,” said cancer surgeon Rakes Neve. There are 12 cancer surgeons in the city. Among them one case of male breast cancer is seen every month, Neve said. According to medical literature, a one out of 100 breast cancer patient is a man. “At present we can not quantify the increase. But there is definitely a slight rise,” Neve said. Neve elaborated, “It is not clear what causes male breast cancer. We only know that male breast cancer occurs when some breast cells begin growing abnormally. These cells divide more rapidly than healthy cells. The accumulating cells form a tumor that may spread (metastasize) to nearby tissue, to the lymph nodes or to other parts of the body.” Contrary to breast cancer in women, male breast cancer is detected late and spreads faster. “This is because there is lack of breast tissues in a male breast that facilitates the early spread to nearby body tissues,” Neve said. Oncosurgeon Sujai Hegde said, “Male breast cancer is most common in the age group of 45–65 years, though it can occur at any age. The youngest case I have seen is a 31–year–old.” Due to lack of awareness, this disease is often diagnosed late or misdiagnosed among men, leading to severe consequences, said doctors. “The suspicion index among doctors is very low. Sometimes, they are also misdiagnosed with gynecomastia, a condition that leads to enlargement of male breasts. By the time it is detected, it already reaches an advanced stage. However, the disease is very much treatable,” said Hegde. Men diagnosed with male breast cancer at an early stage have a good chance for a cure. Still, many men delay seeing their doctors if they notice unusual signs or symptoms, such as a breast lump. For this reason, many male breast cancers are diagnosed when the disease is more advanced. Consequently, the survival rate for men diagnosed with breast cancer is about 76% compared to about 87% for women. “This is predominantly because it is detected late. This is in part due to the fact that many men are unaware that breast cancer is a disease that can affect them and also because men, in general, are reluctant to seek medical advice, especially about a breast issue,” Hegde said. Men with mutation of the BRCA gene are more prone to developing breast cancer. These men are also likely to develop prostate cancer, say doctors. Risk factors n Older age n Exposure to estrogen related drugs n Family history of breast cancer n Obesity Where breast cancer begins in men Everyone is born with a small amount of breast tissue. Breast tissue is made up of milkproducing glands called lobules, ducts that carry milk to the nipples and fat. Women begin developing more breast tissue during puberty and men do not. Because they are born with a small amount of breast tissue, men can develop breast cancerTypes of breast cancer diagnosed in men n Cancer that begins in the milk ducts. Ductal carcinoma is the most common type of male breast cancer. Nearly all male breast cancers begin in the breast ducts n Cancer that begins in the milk–producing glands. Lobular carcinoma is rare in men because men have few lobules in their breast tissue n Cancer that spreads to the nipple. In some cases, breast cancer can form in the breast ducts and spread to the nipple, causing crusty, scaly skin around the nipple. This is called Paget's disease of the nippleSigns and symptoms of male breast cancer n A painless lump or thickening in the breast tissue n Changes to the skin covering the breast, such as dimpling, puckering, redness or scaling n Changes to the nipple, such as redness, scaling or a nipple that turns inward n Discharge from the nipple
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Rak dojke je jedan od najčešćih oblika bolesti u svijetu koji pogađa žene i muškarce. Ali, otkrivanje u ranoj dobi može biti ključno za liječenje. Pokazat ćemo vam znakove i simptome raka dojke na koje morate obratiti pažnju. Većina slučajeva raka dojke se dijagnosticira kod ljudi koji su u dobi od 40 i gore, ali u slučajevima kada to utječe na mlađe ljude zna agresivniji. To čini rano otkrivanje bitnim dijelom liječenja bolesti u roku od njenog početka faze. Neki od očitih znakova su: - Promjena u strukturi dojke - Izgled grudica - Promjene u koži ili bradavicama Ovdje su neki od pokazatelja raka dojke na koje ljudi trebaju obratiti pažnju: Svrbež, crvenilo i bol To je zajedničko za grudi da budu bolne i osjetljive za vrijeme menstruacije, ali ovaj simptom može značiti nešto ozbiljnije ako se osjetljivost i dalje pojavljuje nakon tog razdoblja. Upalni rak također može uzrokovati oticanje, svrbež i bol u prsima. Koža može imati male plave oznake slične krvarenju, nešto poput rupica celulita na dojci. Neke žene ne razumiju simptom alergijske reakcije na dojkama koji odbija napustiti nakon nekoliko dana. Važno je znati da je ovaj oblik raka karakteriziran brzin razvojem, te izazove crvenilo, toplinu i osjetljivost. Bol u leđima Pacijenti obično osjećaju bol u leđima u gornjem dijelu leđa između lopatica prije nego bilo koji drugi znak raka dojke se otkrije. Nelagoda se obično pripisuje bol u mišićima, upali kralježnice ili istezanji tetiva i ligamenata u leđa. Važno je znati da se tumori ponekad razviju duboko unutar tkiva dojke na prsima. Postoji također mogućnost širenja bolesti na rebrima ili kralježnici. Bol i nježnost u pazuhu Prema istraživanjima, prvo se rak dojke širi na je aksilarne limfne čvorove. Povećani limfni čvorovi u pazuhu ili bol i nježnost može ukazivati na prisutnost tumora prije nego što postane vidljiv u dojci. Svaka bol ili nelagoda u pazuhu je nešto što svakako treba ispitati. Prva stvar za učiniti je usporediti bolni pazuh sa drugim pazuhom. Ako je razlika uporno evidentna, treballi bi na savjetovanje sa stručnjakom. Upaljeno mjesto bi moglo značiti mnogo stvari koje nisu tumor. Iscjedak iz bradavica ili promjena Jedan od najčešćih lokacija raka dojke je ispod bradavice. Prisutnost kancerozne lezije može uzrokovati promjene u izgledu i osjetljivosti. Različite teksture, boja i oblik se mogu pojaviti. Neke žene opisuju nedostatak osjetljivosti unutar bradavice, osobito za vrijeme intimnog odnosa. Iscjedak čiste tekućine, krvi ili mlijeka ako se to ne dogodi za vrijeme dojenja također može biti znak raka dojke. To se događa kada je tumor u mliječnom kanalu na bradavici ili iza njega. Medicinska procjena je potrebna za rano otkrivanje, ali važno je imati na umu da su mnogi tumori bezopasni. Promjena oblika iz kruga do ovalne Mnoge žene širom svijeta vjeruju da je lako vidljiva i opipljiva gruda blizu površine kože znak tumora dojke. Druge žene su prijavile napredovanje tkiva dojke na jednoj strani grudi, te da izgleda neravno. Neke žene primijete promjenu u izgledu i osjećaju kad se stavi grudnjak. Mnogo puta je bračni drug koji primjećuje te fizičke pokazatelje umjesto pacijenta. Najbolji način za otkriti promjene koje nisu povezane sa bolije učenje o izgledu i veličini grudi. Preporučuje se da se sjedi ispred ogledala i ispita struktura dojke. Koristite svoje ruke za podizanje grudi i provjeriti varijabilnost protezanja kože na obje strane. Nemojte zaboraviti da to radite često kako bi bili sigurni da ne propustite bilo kakve nagle promjene u izgledu. Bilo koji od ovih simptoma treba analizirati od strane liječnika. Ako nije profesionalno ispitano možete biti ostavljeni u zabrinjavajućem stanju nesigurnosti. Otkrivanja raka dojke u ranijim stadijima može učiniti vaše šanse za preživljavanje dosta većim.