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History Segregation of duties to plan and perform the work: those who think they do the X ¾ operator of the worker machines (pawn) should just run to the rhythm of the machine. Tasks should be divided among the workers. The time of each job task should be utilized without waste (timed). Incentive award to the worker who produces more. Rationalize the operations of the workers to mass-produce and thus reduce production costs. Following the tradition taylorist disqualify the worker, reducing it to a repeater a limited number of gestures, run to infinity during your workday. Unify and regulate the labor of workers through the conveyor belt, which creates the assembly line, controlled by the direction of the company. Control other factories that produce parts to create a standard and expedite the work of the worker in the assembly process. Automation of production The results of the application of the theory of Taylor and adaptations Ford, from 1909, may be thus exemplified: Text 1 The old organization of production needed 12h: 30min to assemble a vehicle. With Taylorism, ie, only splitting the tasks, streamlining operations and successive Standardization of components, the time drops to 5h: 50min. Then, thanks to training for 2h: 38min. In January 1914, Ford introduces the first automated lines. The vehicle is produced in 1h: 30min, or slightly more than eight times faster than the scheme used by artisanal competitors. Ford conquer the U.S. market and worldwide. In 1921, slightly more than half of the cars in the world (53%) came from Ford factories. (Adapted from Gounet, 1999. c) Toyotism The recession of capitalism, which occurred from 1973 led to a transformation in the process of capitalist accumulation. The technological advance represented by robotics, microelectronics and automation, alongside the new management has brought about other processes, especially toyotism The production model toyotist originated in Japan, Toyota now. The Japanese auto industry needed to be competitive with companies U.S. and sought to apply Fordist principles of Taiichi Ohno - creator of Toyotism according to the reality of their country. The pro- tion in series would not be profitable given the con- Work in Contemporary Society
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Povijest Podjela dužnosti planirati i izvoditi djelo: oni koji misle da to X ¾ operator radničkih strojeva (pijun) samo treba pokrenuti u ritmu stroja. Zadaci trebao biti podijeljen među radnicima. Vrijeme svakog radnog zadatka treba koristiti bez otpada (vremenski). Poticajna nagrada na radnika koji proizvode više. Racionalizirati poslovanje radnika za masovnu proizvodnju, a time i smanjiti troškove proizvodnje. Nakon tradicija taylorističkom diskvalificirati radnik, svodeći je repeater ograničen broj gestama, pokrenuti u beskonačnost tijekom radnog dana. Objedinjavanje i regulirati rad radnika kroz pokretnu traku, što stvara proizvodne linije, kontrolira smjeru društva. Kontrola druge tvornice koje proizvode dijelove za stvaranje standarda i ubrzaju rad radnika u procesu montaže. Automatizacija proizvodnje Rezultati primjene teorije Taylor i prilagodbe Ford, iz 1909, mogu biti tako primjeru: Tekst 1 Stara organizacija proizvodnje potrebno 12h: 30min da sastavite vozilo. S Taylorism, odnosno, samo cijepanje zadatke, učinkovitosti operacija i uzastopnog standardizaciju komponenti, vrijeme pada na 5h: 50min. Zatim, zahvaljujući obuku za 2h: 38min. U siječnju 1914 Ford uvodi prve automatizirane linije. Vozilo se proizvodi u 1h: 30min, ili nešto više od osam puta brže od sheme koju koristi zanatski konkurenata. Ford osvojiti američko tržište i svijetu. Godine 1921, nešto više od polovice automobila na svijetu (53%) dolazi iz Fordovim tvornicama. (Preuzeto iz Gounet, 1999. c) Toyotism Recesija kapitalizma, koji se dogodio od 1973 dovela je do transformacije u procesu kapitalističke akumulacije. Tehnološki napredak zastupa robotici, mikroelektroniku i automatike, zajedno s novom upravom je donio o drugim procesima, pogotovo toyotism Toyotist proizvodni model nastao u Japanu, Toyota sada. Japanski automobilska industrija je potrebno da bude konkurentan s tvrtkama SAD i nastojao primijeniti fordističkom načela Taiichi Ohno - stvoritelj Toyotism prema stvarnosti njihove zemlje. Pro- tion u seriji ne bi bilo isplativo s obzirom na kon- Rad u suvremenom društvu