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HERE are 10 lesser-known facts about one of the most common drugs in the world. Decaf isn't the same as caffeine-free. Think switching to decaf in the afternoon means you aren't getting any of the stimulant? Think again. One Journal of Analytical Toxicology report looked at nine different types of decaffeinated coffee and determined that all but one contained caffeine. The dose ranged from 8.6 mg to 13.9 mg. In comparison a generic brewed cup of regular coffee typically contains between 95 and 200 mg. A can of Coke contains between 30 and 35 mg, according to the Mayo Clinic. "If someone drinks five to 10 cups of decaffeinated coffee, the dose of caffeine could easily reach the level present in a cup or two of caffeinated coffees," said study co-author Bruce Goldberger from the Maples Center for Forensic Medicine. "This could be a concern for people who are advised to cut their caffeine intake, such as those with kidney disease or anxiety disorders." A 2007 Consumer Reports analysis looked at 36 cups of decaffeinated coffee and found that some contained more than 20 mg, Health.com reported. Caffine starts working within minutes According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, it takes about 30 to 60 minutes for caffeine to reach its peak level in the blood (one study found increased alertness can begin in as few as 10 minutes). The body typically eliminates half of the drug in three to five hours, and the remainder can linger for eight to 14 hours. Some people, particularly those who don't regularly consume caffeine, are more sensitive to the effects than others. Sleep experts often recommend abstaining from caffeine at least eight hours before bedtime to avoid wakefulness at night. Caffeine doesn't affect everyone the same way. The body might process caffeine differently based on gender, race and even birth control use. New York magazine previously reported that women generally metabolise caffeine faster than men. Smokers process it twice as quickly as nonsmokers do. Women taking birth-control pills metabolise it at perhaps one-third the rate that women not on the Pill do. Asians may do so more slowly than people of other races. In The World of Caffeine: The Science and Culture of the World's Most Popular Drug, the authors hypothesise that a nonsmoking Japanese man drinking his coffee with an alcoholic beverage - another slowing agent - would likely feel caffeinated "about five times longer than an Englishwoman who smoked cigarettes but did not drink or use oral contraceptives." Energy drinks often don't have more caffeine than coffee. By definition, one might reasonably think that energy drinks would pack loads of caffeine. But many popular brands actually contain considerably less than an old-fashioned cup of black coffee. A can of Red Bull, for instance, has a relatively modest 76 to 80 mg of caffeine, compared to the 95 to 200 mg in a typical cup of coffee, the Mayo Clinic reports. What many energy drink brands frequently do have, though, is tons of sugar and hard-to-pronounce ingredients. Dark roast coffees actually have less caffeine than lighter roasts. A strong, rich flavour might seem to indicate an extra dose of caffeine, but the truth is that light roasts actually pack more of a jolt than dark roasts. The process of roasting burns off caffeine, NPR reported, meaning those looking for a less intense buzz might want to opt for the dark roast Java at the coffee shop. Caffeine can be found naturally in more than 60 plants. It's not just coffee beans: tea leaves, kola nuts (which flavour colas) and cocoa beans all contain caffeine. The stimulant is found naturally in the leaves, seeds and fruits of a wide variety of plants. It can also be man-made and added to products. Not all coffee has the same amount of caffeine. When if comes to caffeine, all coffees are not created equal. According to a recent report from the Center for Science in the Public Interest, popular brands varied widely when it comes to the jolt they provide. McDonald's, for instance, had 9.1 mg per fluid ounce, while Starbucks packed more than double that at a full 20.6 milligrams. The average American consumes about 200 mg of caffeine a day. According to the FDA, 80 per cent of U.S. adults consume caffeine each day, with an individual intake of 200 mg. To put that in real world terms, the average caffeine-consuming American drinks two 150ml cups of coffee or about four sodas. While another estimate puts the total closer to 300mg, both numbers fall within the definition of moderate caffeine consumption, which is between 200 and 300mg, according to the Mayo Clinic. Daily doses higher than 500 to 600mg daily are considered heavy, and may cause problems such as insomnia, irritability and a fast heartbeat, among others. But America is far from being the country that consumes the most. According to a recent BBC article, Finland takes the crown for the country with the highest caffeine consumption, with the average adult downing 400mg each day. Worldwide, 90 per cent of people use caffeine in some form, the FDA says. You can find caffeine in more than just drinks. According to one FDA report, more than 98 per cent of our caffeine intake comes from beverages. But those aren't the only sources of caffeine: certain foods, such as chocolate (though not much: a one-ounce milk chocolate bar contains only about 5mg of caffeine), and medications can also contain caffeine. Combining a pain reliever with caffeine can make it 40 per cent more effective, the Cleveland Clinic reports, and can also help the body to absorb the medication more quickly.
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Sve što ste mislili da znate o kavi Ako popijete analgetik zbog bolova, popijte ga s kavom jer ona pomaže 40 posto bržoj apsorpciji lijeka Kava je omiljeni jutarnji napitak u ovim dijelovima svijeta, ponajprije zbog kofeina koji aktivira živčani sustav i predstavlja sjajan stimulans koji je u umjerenim količinama dobar za naše tijelo. Kava povećava koncentraciju, sposobnost pamćenja i čuva zdravlje, no ako pretjeramo, ubrzava nam se rad srca i može uzrokovati tjeskobu i nesanicu. Kava je, kao najpopularniji stimulans na svijetu, okružena nekim mitovima koje je objasnio HuffPost. Naime, vjeruje se kako beskofeinska kava ne sadrži kofein pa ljudi misle da je mogu piti u beskonačnim količinama, no svaka doza takve kave sadrži između 8.6 i 13.9 mg kofeina, dok obična kava ima između 95 i 200 mg kofeina u istoj količini napitka. Kofein ne počinje djelovati odmah, ma koliko se to nama činilo nakon prvog gutljaja, već je potrebno od 30 do 60 minuta da se aktivira. Tijelo eliminira većinu kofeina za tri do pet sati, no ostataka ima i 12 sati nakon što ste popili kavu. Zato neki ljudi ne mogu spavati ako popodne popiju kavu. Tijelo prerađuje kofein na različite načine, ovisno o spolu i lijekovima koje uzimamo. Žene ga razgrađuju puno brže od muškaraa pa mogu piti više kave, a pušačima kofein nestaje iz tijela dvostruko brže nego nepušačima. Energetska pića imaju manje kofeina nego kava, unatoč raširenom mišljenju da je zapravo obrnuto, pa tako 3 dcl Red Bulla ima 80 mg kofeina, a ista količina kave 200 mg, a energetska pića svoj učinak duguju šećeru. Više kofeina sadrže svjetla zrna kave, jer su tamna zrna posljedica procesa prženja, tako da i kava napravljena od svjetlijih zrna jače stimulira. Za kraj, kofeina nema samo u pićima već i, primjerice, u čokoladi, pa tako jedan red čokolade ima 5 mg kofeina. Savjet: ako popijete analgetik zbog bolova, popijte ga s kavom jer ona pomaže 40 posto bržoj apsorpciji lijeka.