http___mapnall.com_hr_Zemljovid-Nizozemska_1072729.html_1.xml
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The Netherlands is the main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a small, densely populated country, lying mainly in Western Europe, but also including three islands in the Caribbean. The European part of the Netherlands borders Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, sharing maritime borders with Belgium, the United Kingdom and Germany. The three largest and most important cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, The Hague and Rotterdam. Amsterdam is the country's capital, while The Hague holds the Dutch seat of government. The port of Rotterdam is the largest port in Europe – as large as the next three largest combined. The Netherlands' name literally means "Low Country", inspired by its low and flat geography, with only about 50% of its land exceeding one metre above sea level. Most of the areas below sea level are man-made. Since the late 16th century, large areas (polders) have been reclaimed from the sea and from lakes, amounting to nearly 17% of the country's current land mass. With a population density of 406 people per km² – 497 if water is excluded – the Netherlands is a very densely populated country for its size. Only Bangladesh, South Korea and Taiwan have both a larger population and a higher population density. Nevertheless, the Netherlands is the world's second largest exporter of food and agriculture products, after the United States. The Netherlands was one of the first countries in the world to have an elected parliament, and since 1848 it has been governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, organised as a unitary state. The Netherlands has a long history of social tolerance and is generally regarded as a liberal country, having legalised abortion, prostitution and euthanasia, while maintaining a progressive drugs policy. In 2001 it became the world's first country to legalise same-sex marriage. The Netherlands is a founding member of the EU, Eurozone, G-10, NATO, OECD, WTO and a part of the trilateral Benelux economic union. The country is host to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and five international courts: the Permanent Court of Arbitration, the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, the International Criminal Court and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. The first four are situated in The Hague, as is the EU's criminal intelligence agency Europol and judicial co-operation agency Eurojust. This has led to the city being dubbed "the world's legal capital". The Netherlands is also a part of the Schengen Area. The Netherlands has a market-based mixed economy, ranking 17th of 177 countries according to the Index of Economic Freedom. It had the twelfth-highest per capita income in the world in 2013. In 2013, the United Nations World Happiness Report ranked the Netherlands as the fourth happiest country in the world, reflecting its high quality of life.
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Nizozemska je zemlja koja čini dio Kraljevine Nizozemske. Nalazi se u Zapadnoj Europi a graniči s Njemačkom na istoku i Belgijom na jugu. Glavni grad Nizozemske je Amsterdam a sjedište vlade je u Haagu. Karipski otoci Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, te Saba također čine dio posebne općinske jedinice unutar zemlje. Nizozemska ima 16,669.112 stanovnika na površini od 41,526 km² što je čini jednom od najgušće naseljenijih država (401 stanovnik po km²). Oko 18% površine sačinjava voda a veliki dio zemlje se nalazi ispod razine mora. Zemlja je zaštićena od vode pomoću sustava nasipa te raznih odvoda. Melioracijom tla stvaraju se polderi. Upravno je zemlja podijeljena u dvanaest provincija. Nizozemska postaje neovisna država za vrijeme Osamdesetogodišnjeg rata (1568-1648) ustankom sjevernih i južnih Niskih Zemalja protiv španjolske vlasti. 1579. dolazi do stvaranja Utrechtške unije na sjeveru čime nastaje novi politički entitet. Aktom od Verlatinghe 1581. godine članice unije formalno deklariraju neovisnost pod zajedničkim nazivom Republika Sedam Ujedinjenih Niskih Zemalja. Početkom Dvanaestgodišnjeg mira oko 1609. godine zemlja dobiva i međunarodno priznanje dok ju Španjolska priznaje krajem Osamdesetgodišnjeg rata 1648. godine nakon mira u Münsteru. Od 1795. godine se Nizozemska počinje razvijati u nacionalnu državu, isprva kao Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo Niskih Zemalja 1815. koje se raspada Belgijskom revolucijom 1830. godine. Danas je Nizozemska jedna od najrazvijenijih zemalja i drži deveto mjesto u svijetu u BDP-u po stanovniku (2011) te treće mjesto u ljudskom razvojnom indeksu (2011). Nizozemska ekonomija se većim dijelom zasniva na uslužnome sektoru te međunarodnoj trgovini. Nizozemska je od 1848. godine parlamentarna demokracija i ustavna monarhija, društveni poredak kod kojeg moć dijele kralj(ica), ministri i parlament. Nizozemska je jedan od suosnivača Europske unije, NATO saveza te Svjetske trgovinske organizacije. Zajedno sa Belgijom i Luksemburgom sačinjava Benelux. Haag igra veliku međunarodnu ulogu na polju pravosuđa kao lokacija četiriju međunarodnih tribunala i dom Europola.