http___megagiga.info_ne-zanemarujte-ovih-7-znakova-upozorenja-da-imate-veliki-nedostatak-u-tijelu__1.xml
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A diet rich in vitamins is a vital factor in keeping you healthy and disease-free, and the eight B vitamins that make up the B-complex family are especially important. One of these B vitamins, vitamin B12, needs the help of a special protein made in your stomach, called intrinsic factor, to reach your blood. Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 is also called cobalamin, a reference to its content of cobalt, which is a metal. It cooperates with other B vitamins to help your body process nutrients in your food. You also need vitamin B12 for production of new red blood cells and for DNA synthesis. Vitamin B12 also maintains the function of your nerve cells and is needed for many critical biochemical reactions that take place in all your cells. The Linus Pauling Institute indicates that some of these reactions may be important to help protect you from cancer and cardiovascular disease. Intrinsic Factor Vitamin B12 in food is bound to protein. When you consume these foods, acid and protein-digesting enzymes in your stomach break down the vitamin-protein complex, releasing free vitamin B12. Cells in the lining of your stomach that make acid also make a specialized protein called intrinsic factor, which forms a complex with the free vitamin. The complex leaves your stomach along with digested food, moving into your small intestine. When it reaches the last portion of your intestine, called the ileum, cells in its lining absorb the vitamin B12-intrinsic factor complex and release it into your blood vessels. Because of this unusual relationship, absorbing enough vitamin B12 depends on both a vitamin-rich diet and your ability to produce enough intrinsic factor to help absorb the vitamin. Deficiency Taking in adequate amounts of vitamin B12-rich foods is essential in preventing a deficiency of the vitamin. However, according to the Office of Dietary Supplements, an autoimmune disease called pernicious anemia can also cause a vitamin B12 deficiency. In this disorder, the stomach cells that make intrinsic factor are damaged or destroyed, preventing absorption of the vitamin even if you consume enough foods that contain vitamin B12. The Office states that specialized blood tests are often required to diagnose a deficiency accurately and that vitamin B12 injections are sometimes needed when low intrinsic factor is the underlying problem. Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency include fatigue, anemia, loss of appetite or weight loss and neurological problems such as tingling and numbness, confusion and memory loss. Recommendations and Sources The Recommended Dietary Allowance, or RDA, for vitamin B12 is 2.4 micrograms per day for adults. Vitamin B12 is a natural component of most animal products, such as meat, fish, poultry and dairy products. The richest sources are clams, with 84 micrograms in 3 ounces, beef liver, with 70 micrograms in a similar-sized serving and fish, with between 2 and 5 micrograms per serving, depending on type. Many prepared foods are fortified with vitamin B12. For example, some breakfast cereals and breads contain 100 percent of the RDA in a single serving. Vitamin B12 supplements are also available, but only a small portion of the vitamin may be absorbed, since this depends on intrinsic factor. Talk to your doctor before taking these supplements to decide if they are right for you. References (4) Photo Credits - Clams in dish image by kellykramer from Fotolia.com
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Ovo su znakovi da imate manjak vitamina B12: Vrtoglavica Vrtoglavice mogu upućivati na nedostatak vitamina B12 i posjetite doktora kako biste utvrdili šta vam ih tačno uzrokuje Zaboravljanje Često zaboravljanje je čest ismptom nedostatka vitamina B12, a mnogi smatraju da osobama koje pate od Alzheimera ili drugih demencija, fali baš ovaj vitamin. Slabost u mišićima Zbog nedostatka ovog vitamina je moguća pojava slabosti u mišićima. Blijed ten Često osobe kojima fale vitamini, imaju blijed ten zbog manjka eritrocita. Utrnulost Može biti simptom nedostatka vitamina, a dešava se zbog oštećenja živaca. Neobjašnjiv umor Nedostatak ovog vitamina smanjuje broj eritrocita i time i smanjuje količinu kisika u krvi, što dovodi do umora. Vitamin B12 se nalazi u namrinicama životinjskog porijekla.