http___lingvo.info_hr_lingvopedia_finnish_1.xml
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Grammar Finnish is an agglutinative language where one morpheme (the smallest linguistic unit that conveys meaning) stands for one grammatical meaning. Forming words in an agglutinative language such as Finnish is like putting beads onto a string one by one. The Finnish vaimollenikin is translatable into English with use of several words and is ‘to my wife, too’: vaimo-lle-ni-kin wife-to-my-too In the General information-section at the beginning there is the longest Finnish word which is not a compound word – epäjärjestelmällistyttämättömyydelläänsäkäänköhän. It is also build up from morphemes put together according to the rules of agglutination. The word makes hardly any sense, though, and means more or less ‘not even by her lack of organization, do you suppose’. Another interesting feature of Finnish is the number of grammatical cases. Depending on the approach, 14 to 17 cases are said to operate in Finnish. Six of them are locative cases: they convey the meaning of movement to a place, being in a place and moving away from a place. If a person wants to say they are in the house (talo), the form is talossa, whereby the -ssa-component means ‘in’. The suffix -sta is added to the root to express ‘out of’, whereas -on in taloon means ‘(in)to’. In Finnish it is important to distinguish between inner and outer locative cases. If something is an open space (such as a table or a roof), different case endings from the three mentioned above are used as Finnish makes a grammatical distinction between, for example, ‘into’ and ‘onto’. Katto means ‘roof’ in Finnish. Katolle is used to describe the action of coming onto the roof and katolta - descending from the roof: Finnish locative cases
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Gramatika Finski je aglutinativni jezik u kojem jedan morfem (najmanji element jezika koji ima značenje) ima jedno gramatičko značenje. Tvoriti riječi na aglutinativnom jeziku kakav je finski je kao da nižeš perle na nit. Finska riječ vaimollenikin se može prevesti upotrebom više riječi: "i mojoj ženi". vaimo-lle-ni-kin žena-k-moja-isto U općem uvodu je najduža finska riječ, koja nije složena riječ - epäjärjestelmällistyttämättömyydelläänsäkäänköhän. No i ona se sastoji od morfema složenih po aglutinativnim pravilima. Riječ gotovo da nema značenja a ipak znači otprilike "čak ni s njenim organizacijskim pomanjkanjem, pretpostavljate" Drugi zanimljiv aspekt finskog jezika je broj gramatičkih padeža. Ovisno o stajalištu na finskom postoji 14-17 padeža. Šest od njih du lokativi: oni izražavaju pokret ka mjestu, bivanje na mjestu i odlazak s mjesta. Ako želite reći da su oni u kući (talo), oblik je talossa, u kojem element -ssa- znači 'u'. -sta se dodaje na korijen da označi 'iz', dok -on u taloon znači 'k u' (u+akuzativ). Na finskom treba razlikovati između unutrašnjih i vanjskih lokativa. Ako se radi o otvorenom prostoru (kao stol ili krov), upotrebljavaju se različiti nastavci za padeže od tri gore navedenih, jer finski razlikuje gramatički između na pr. 'k u' te 'k na'. Katto znači 'krov' na finskom. Katolle se koristi da opiše čin dolaska na krov dok katolta - silazak s krova. Finski lokativi