http___magazin.net.hr_zdravlje_istrazivanja_najpopularniji-antibiotici-cine-sve-vise-stete-umjesto-koristi_1.xml
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The results of the study show that overall antibiotic failures rose from 13.9% in 1991 to 15.4% in 2012. Over the past 20 years, there has been such a sharp increase in strains of microbes that are resistant to antibiotics that the World Health Organization have declared the issue a global public health crisis. Despite this, primary care clinicians rarely report problems of antibiotic resistance in their own practices. "Both primary care clinicians and members of the public typically regard antibiotic resistance as a problem that largely affects patients in hospital," write the researchers behind the new study, from Cardiff University in the UK. Although many previous studies have assessed antibiotic resistance in hospitals, according to the Cardiff team, experts know "virtually nothing" about the frequency and pattern of antibiotic resistance in primary care. The new study gathered data on antibiotic treatment failure rates in UK primary care. The researchers say that the UK is one of the few countries where it is possible to access appropriate data for assessing failure of antibiotic prescriptions, because of the way data is recorded in its National Health Service. Data was drawn from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, which stores the records of more than 14 million individuals, obtained from 700 primary care practices across the UK. The Cardiff team analyzed data from 1991-2012 and focused on the four most common kinds of infection: - Upper respiratory tract infections - Lower respiratory tract infections - Skin and soft tissue infections - Acute otitis media. Failure rates rose over study period and will continue to rise The results show that overall antibiotic failures rose from 13.9% in 1991 to 15.4% in 2012. Antibiotics prescribed to treat bronchitis, pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract infections were found to be the least successful, showing an increased failure rate of 35%. Throughout the study period, the treatment failure rates for the commonly prescribed antibiotics amoxicillin, penicillin and flucloxacillin remained below 20%. However, the failure rate of antibiotics that are not normally prescribed as first-line treatments had risen alarmingly. One example of this rise can be observed in the failure rates of trimethoprim, normally used to treat upper respiratory tract infections, which had risen 40% across the treatment period. Author Prof. Craig Currie says there is a strong link between the rise in antibiotic treatment failure and an increase in prescriptions. From 2002-2012, the proportion of infections being treated with antibiotics rose from 60% to 65%. This period of 2002-2012 was also when the biggest increase in antibiotic failure rates occurred. "These episodes of failure were most striking when the antibiotic selected was not considered first choice for the condition treated," Prof. Currie says. He adds: "Given the lack of new antibiotics being developed, the growing ineffectiveness of antibiotics delivered through primary care is very worrying indeed. There is a mistaken perception that antibiotic resistance is only a danger to hospitalized patients, but recent antibiotic use in primary care is the single most important risk factor for an infection with a resistant organism. Furthermore, what happens in primary care impacts on hospital care and vice versa." Recently, Medical News Today ran a spotlight feature on antibiotic resistance, where we asked experts to what extent it has become a global threat to public health. Written by David McNamee
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Liječnici ih dijele k'o bombone...'Najpopularniji' antibiotici čine sve više štete umjesto koristi Nakon dvadeset godina istraživanja, objavljeni su rezultati znanstvenika s britanskog Sveučilišta u Cardiffu, prema kojima je dokazano da svaki deseti prepisani antibiotici - ne djeluju. Ovo povećava broj nedjelotvornih antibiotika, čija se brojka neprestano povećava. "I liječnici opće prakse kao i javnost smatraju da je problem otpornosti na anibiotike nešto s čime se pacijenti susreću u bolnici, no nitko dosad nije proučavao kakva je situacija izvan bolnice", izvještava tim istražitelja iz Cardiffa. Oni su upravo iz tog razloga proučavali otpornost na antibiotike koje su propisali liječnici primarne zdravstvene zaštite, te su istaknuli da je Velika Britanija jedna od rijetkih država u kojoj je uopće moguće provesti takvo istraživanje. Podaci izvađeni iz baze istraživanja kliničke prakse, mjesta na kojem su pohranjeni zapisi o više od 14 milijuna ljudi, sadržavali su rad 700 liječnika opće prakse. Ekipa iz Cardiffa analizirala je podatke iz razdoblja od 1991. godine do 2012., a usredotočili su se na četiri najčešće vrste infekcija: gornjih dišnih puteva, donjih dišnih puteva, kože i mekog tkiva, te upale srednjeg uha. Rezultati su pokazali da raste neuspješnost tretmana antibiotika, pa je od 13.9% propalih slučajeva 1991. godine, 2012. neuspješnost antibiotika u liječenju narasla na 15.5%. Najmanje su uspješni bili antibiotici koji su trebali izliječiti bronhitis, upalu pluća i druge upale donjih dišnih puteva, koji su se neuspješnima pokazali u čak 35% slučajeva. Tijekom istraživanja, najmanje djelotvornima su se pokazali često prepisivani amoksicilin, penicilin i flukloksacilin. No još je gore stanje s antibioticima koji se obično ne prepisuju kao prvi izbor, jer primjerice trimetoprim, kojim se liječe gornji dišni putevi, neuspješan se pokazao u čak 40% slučajeva. Autor istraživanja, prof. Craig Currie smatra da postoji čvrsta veza između sve češće neuspješnosti liječenjem antibioticima i povećanim prepisivanjem antibiotika. A najčešće su se antibiotici pokazali nedjelotvornim kad nisu bili prvi izbor liječnika. A uz to što se 'kljukanjem' antibioticima oslabljuje imunitet, ljudi postaju sve neotporniji na njih, što pak predstavlja globalnu prijetnju javnom zdravstvu. web preporuke Krenizdravo.comKonturiranje lica - vodič za početnike cosmopolitan.hrSeks kakav će muškarcu dugo ostati u mislima...