http___metro-portal.hr_higgs-i-englert-dobitnici-nobelove-nagrade-za-fiziku_80920_1.xml
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The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to two physicists who predicted the existence of the elusive Higgs boson particle, which is thought to explain why other particles have mass, the committee announced today (Oct. 8). Early forecasts had suggested the Nobel in Physics would go to Peter Higgs, of the United Kingdom, and François Englert, of Belgium, two of the scientists who predicted the existence of the Higgs boson nearly 50 years ago. And indeed after a short delay, the committee awarded the prize jointly to Higgs and Englert "for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider," according to a statement on the Nobel Prize website. [Top 5 Implications of the Higgs Boson Discovery] Two teams of scientists at the world's largest atom smasher, CERN's Large Hadron Collider, announced last year they had discovered a new particle that was likely the Higgs boson. The particle's identity was then confirmed earlier this year. The Higgs boson was the last undiscovered piece of the reigning theory of particle physics called the Standard Model. And Englert and Higgs independently published research on the process by which particles get their mass, called the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism. They proposed the existence of the so-called Higgs field, an energy field that pervades space and is thought to imbue particles with mass, along with the theory of particle masses. Englert carried out his research with now-deceased Robert Brout; the Nobel Prize committee's rules dictate the science prizes can't be awarded posthumously. "I'm thrilled that this year's Nobel Prize has gone to particle physics," said CERN Director General Rolf Heuer in a statement. "The discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN last year, which validates the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism, marks the culmination of decades of intellectual effort by many people around the world." The committee apparently couldn't reach Higgs to give him the big news. "The rumor has it that he has gone into hiding for the rest of the week in anticipation," said Olga Botner, a Nobel committee member, in a live webcast. "Since this prize was so anticipated he knew that in either case, if he gets it there will be a press storm, if he doesn't get it there will be a press storm." Englert, a Belgium citizen, was born in 1932 in Etterbeek, Belgium, and received his doctorate degree in 1959 from the Université Libre de Bruxelles, in Brussels, where he is now a professor emeritus. Higgs, a UK citizen, was born in 1929 in Newcastle upon Tyne. He received his doctorate degree in 1954 from King's College, University of London. He is a professor emeritus at the University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom. The duo will split the award money of $1.25 million (8 million Swedish krona). Follow Jeanna Bryner on Twitter and Google+. Follow us @livescience, Facebook & Google+. Original article on LiveScience.
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Higgs i Englert dobitnici Nobelove nagrade za fiziku Peter Higgs iz Britanije i Francois Englert iz Belgije dobitnici su ovogodišnje Nobelove nagrade za fiziku zbog otkrića hipotetske elementarne čestice tzv. Higgsova bozona Prema objavi Švedske kraljevske akademije znanosti nagradu su dobili zbog 'teorijskog otkrića mehanizma koji pridonosi našem razumijevanju porijekla mase subatomskih čestica'. Prezime profesora sa sveučilišta u Edinburghu Petera Higgsa (84) opće je poznato i povezano s jednim od najvažnijih otkrića na polju fizike u posljednjih stotinu godina - čestice koja je ključ razumijevanja postojanja mase, raznolikosti i života u svemiru - Higgsova bozona, poznatog i kao 'božja čestica'. Objava nagrade kasnila je sat vremena što je neuobičajeno, prenose svjetski mediji. Akademija je tek twitter porukom objavila kako zasjedanje odbora, u vrijeme kad je nagrada trebala biti već objavljena, 'još traje'. Akademija odluku donosi glasanjem na dan objave dobitnika nagrade. Eksperimentalna potvrda postojanja Higgsova bozona, koji je u javnosti poznat i kao 'Božja čestica', bila je jedan od glavnih ciljeva rada novog CERN-ova supersudarača atomskih čestica Large Hadron collidera (LHC) vrijednog 10 milijarda dolara. Premda su znanstvenici prije puno godina osmislili teoretski model postojanja tog bozona, bio je potreban golemi projekt izgradnje LHC-a, u kojemu je sudjelovalo više od stotinu zemalja te dvogodišnji rad tog ubrzivača čestica kako bi se došlo do preliminarnih rezultata. Dvojica znanstvenika bili su favoriti i podijelit će nagradu vrijednu osam milijuna švedskih kruna. 'Nagrađena teorija središnji je dio fizike Standardnog modela čestica koji objašnjava kako je svijet sazdan', objavila je akademija u priopćenju. 'Prema Standardnom modelu sve od cvijeća i ljudi do zvijezda i planeta sastoji se od tek nekoliko građevnih elemenata - čestica materije'. Higgsov bozon posljednji je dio Standardnog modela koji objašnjava fundamentalni ustroj svemira. Naziv 'božja čestica' dobio je u javnosti zbog svoje uloge u pretvaranju Velikog praska u uređeni svemir. Daleke 1964. godine ukupno je šest znanstvenika gotovo istodobno objavilo radove u kojima su se bavili postojanjem elementarnih čestica. Englert (80) s Université Libre de Bruxelles i njegov kolega Robert Brout, koji je preminuo 2011., prvi su objavili rad o elementarnim česticama no Higgs je nekoliko tjedana kasnije u svom radu bio prvi koji je eksplicitno predvidio postojanje nove čestice.