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School www.constitution.org John Locke (1632-1704) - English philosopher, studied arts, was secretary of the Board of Trade and Plantations. Published Two Treatises of Civil Government; Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Letters on Toleration. Political Philosophy traces of their fundamental theses before this period. Liberalism is defined as a project that seeks to develop and justify the State in a secular (non-religious), who defends the limitations of the powers of government in order to protect the rights of members of society. Another strong feature of liberalism, and, for some authors the most crucial, is that it is "simply the expression according to which the power of the state should be systematically limited." According to the latter sense, Liberals claim that true freedom depends on the least possible interference of the state and the laws. This concept is known as negative freedom, ie there is freedom only in the absence of interference. John Locke and Adam Smith: Private Property as Basis of Liberty Locke is one of the pioneers of liberalism and understands private property as a natural right of man, as well as the right to life and freedom. It establishes a link between freedom, private property and labor. For freedom and life are preserved, it is necessary to produce goods, which are earned by work. The logic of the explanation of private property is the following: If God created the world for his work, this world belongs to you. But man, created in the likeness of God, and also works at work, naturally conquer your property. Locke, therefore, denies any public intervention in order to search for equal social rights. Though the earth and all inferior creatures be common to all men, every man has a property in his own person. This nobody has any right to but himself. The labor of his body and the work of his hands, we may say, are properly his. Anything then he removes out of the state that nature has provided and left, mixtures-ra-him with his job and joins him something that is yours, transforming it into your property. It being by him removed from the common state nature left it, added to it, with this work, something that excludes the common right of other men. For this labor being the unquestionable property of the laborer, no man but he can have a right to what has been added to this work, at least as long as there is enough and to equal quality left in common for others. (Locke, Two Treatises of Government. Still with interpretive individualism, the Scottish economist Adam Smith, recognized as one of the most important names
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Škola www.constitution.org John Locke (1632-1704) - engleski filozof, studirao umjetnost, bio je tajnik Uprave za trgovinu i plantaže. Objavljeno dvije rasprave o Civilne vlasti; Esej tiče ljudskog razumijevanja, tolerancije slova politička filozofija tragovi njihovih osnovnih teza prije tog razdoblja. Liberalizam je definiran kao projekt koji nastoji razviti i opravdati državu u sekularna (nereligiozne), koji brani ograničenja ovlasti vlade, kako bi se zaštitila prava članova društva. Još jedna jaka značajka liberalizma, i, za neke autore najvažnija, je da je "naprosto izraz prema kojem snaga države i trebali bi se sustavno ograničeni." Prema potonjem smislu, Liberali tvrde da je prava sloboda ovisi o najmanju moguću uplitanja države i zakonima. Ovaj koncept je poznat kao negativne slobode, tj. postoji sloboda samo u nedostatku smetnji. John Locke i Adam Smith: Privatno vlasništvo kao temelj slobode Locke je jedan od pionira liberalizma i razumije privatne imovine kao prirodnog prava čovjeka, kao i pravo na život i slobodu. Ona uspostavlja vezu između slobode, privatnog vlasništva i rada. Jer sloboda i život očuvana, potrebno je za proizvodnju proizvoda koji su zaradili rada. Logika obrazloženju privatnog vlasništva je sljedeća: Ako je Bog stvorio svijet za njegov rad, ovaj svijet pripada vama. Ali čovjek, stvoren na sliku Božju, a funkcionira na poslu, naravno, osvajanje svoje imovine. Locke, dakle, opovrgava bilo kakvu javnu intervenciju kako bi se tražiti jednakih socijalnih prava. Iako zemlja i sve slabije bića biti zajednički svim ljudima, svaki čovjek ima nekretninu u svom vlastitom osobom. To nitko nema pravo osim njega samog. Ratari njegovo tijelo i djelo njegovih ruku, može se reći, pravilno njegov. Bilo što onda on uklanja iz države koje je priroda dala, a lijevo, mješavine-ra-ga sa svojim poslom, a pridružuje mu nešto što je tvoje, pretvarajući ga u svoju imovinu. To se od njega uklonjena iz zajedničke državne prirodi ga ostavili, dodao da je, s tom poslu, nešto što isključuje zajednički pravo drugih ljudi. Za to radno biti neupitna u vlasništvu radnik, nitko, ali on može imati pravo na ono što je dodan u ovom poslu, barem tako dugo dok ima dovoljno, a na jednaku kvalitetu lijevo zajedničko za druge. (Locke, dvije rasprave u Vladi. Još uvijek s interpretativnom individualizma, škotski ekonomist Adam Smith, priznat kao jedan od najvažnijih imena