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FIGURE 1 - Elodea sp cells (400x magnification optical microscopy). Source: Photo courtesy Yedo Alquini professor, Department of Botany UFPR. FIGURE 2 - Chloroplasts in cells of Elodea sp (1000x magnification in an optical microscope). Source: Photo courtesy Yedo Alquini professor, Department of Botany UFPR. You remember that animal cells have a protective wrapping: the plasma membrane? Plant cells, and this wrap, have more structure for their protection: the cell wall, a specialized type of coating, thicker, stronger and, most importantly, more rigid. It has the function to protect the cell from mechanical damage and also prevent excessive loss of water by the cell. The plant cell also has the juice cell vacuole, an organelle derived from the endoplasmic reticulum that may contain liquids and pigments, and various other substances. It relates to the storage of substances and the osmotic balance, with its membrane is called tonoplast. Some vacuoles accumulate large amount of colored pigments. These pigments are referred to as anthocyanins. The presence of these vacuoles containing pigments which determines color red or purple in some plant organs, for example fruits such as grapes and figs, flowers such as roses and violets. In this study, we found that all organisms, from the simplest to the complex structures are formed by similar cells. Although substantial differences in their shapes, sizes and functions, they are forming units of all living matter. And now, you already have enough information to know the answer to the question: "What is this unity that makes us and keeps us alive?" Cell: the construction unit of living things
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SLIKA 1 - Elodea sp stanice (400x uvećanja optičkim mikroskopom). Izvor: Foto ljubaznošću Yedo Alquini profesor, Zavod za botaniku UFPR. SLIKA 2 - kloroplasta u stanicama Elodea SP (1000x u optičkim mikroskopom). Izvor: Foto ljubaznošću Yedo Alquini profesor, Zavod za botaniku UFPR. Sjećaš se da je životinjske stanice imaju zaštitnu Prijelom: plazma membrane? Biljnih stanica, a to prelomi, imaju više strukturu za njihovu zaštitu: stanične stijenke, specijalizirani tip premaza, deblje, jače i, što je najvažnije, krući. Ona ima funkciju da štiti ćelije od mehaničkih oštećenja i spriječiti prekomjerno gubitak vode po ćeliji. Biljnih stanica također ima vacuole sok stanica, jedan organelle proizlazi iz endoplazmatskog retikuluma koje mogu sadržavati tekućine i pigmenata, i razne druge tvari. To se odnosi na pohranu tvari i osmotsku ravnotežu, s njegova membrana se zove tonoplast. Neki vakuole akumulirati veliku količinu obojenih pigmenata. Ovi pigmenti nazivaju antocijana. Prisutnost tih vakuole pigmente koji određuje boju crvenu ili ljubičastu u nekim biljnim organima, primjerice voća poput grožđa i smokava, cvijeće poput ruže i ljubičica. U ovoj studiji smo utvrdili da su svi organizmi, od najjednostavnijih do složenih struktura formirana sličnih stanica. Iako je značajne razlike u njihovim oblicima, veličinama i funkcijama, oni su formiranju jedinice svih živih tvari. I sada, vi već imate dovoljno informacija da zna odgovor na pitanje: "Što je to jedinstvo koje nas čini i drži nas na životu?" Cell: izgradnju jedinica živih bića