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Text 7 Thus, on April 30, 1854, was inaugurated the first railway in Brazil - the Railroad Petropolis, or Railroad Maua This inaugural train consists of three passenger cars and baggage was hauled by a locomotive manufactured by Fairbairn & Sons (England), called "Baroness", whose name is a homage to the wife of the Baron of Maua. They were also the profits generated by the coffee that made possible the necessary capital for the creation of industry in Brazil. With the money from the coffee activities was possible the importation of machinery and equipment, tools and some raw materials. "That's why we can say that the industrialization that occurred in Brazil between 1885 and 1930 was merely a consequence of capitalist reorganization of coffee." (SINGER cited in Besides the growth of the coffee economy, another important factor for industrial development in the second half of the nineteenth century was the replacement of slave labor by free wage labor of European immigrants. These immigrants, who initially came to work on coffee plantations were the main labor-piece infant industry, and also constituted the consumer market the products it produced. Text 8 Nevertheless, the process of industrialization was greatly influenced by the wave of European immigration. Immigrants, the vast majority were young, predominantly male, and therefore, immediately productive. They (immigrants) were, often, residents of cities or had at least experience of paid work and were sensitive to their incentives. Immigrants often more literate than the Brazilian class, inferior, brought hand skills and techniques that were rare in Brazil. Since one of the main flaws of the Brazilian agrarian society was not to encourage the purchase or the first letters of craft skills, the import of human capital consisted of one tremendous blow, more valuable than the gold reserves or even the machinery. (Adapted from DEAN cited in ACTIVITY Identify the text 8 the author's opinion about the presence of immigrants in Brazil and its performance in the industry.
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Tekst 7 Tako je 30. travnja 1854 otvoren je prvi željeznica u Brazilu - Railroad Petrópolisu ili Railroad Maua Ovaj inauguralni vlak se sastoji od tri osobna automobila i prtljaga vući po lokomotivi proizveden od strane Fairbairn & Sons (Engleska), pod nazivom "barunica", čije ime je počast ženi baruna od Maua. Oni su također je ostvarena dobit od kave koji su omogućili potrebnog kapitala za stvaranje industrije u Brazilu. Uz novac od kave aktivnosti je moguće uvoz strojeva i opreme, alata i nekih sirovina. "Zato možemo reći da je industrijalizacija koja se dogodila u Brazilu između 1885 i 1930 bio je samo posljedica kapitalističkog reorganizacije kave." (PJEVAČ navodi se u Nizozemskoj, 2004 t.3, V.4, p.216 ) Osim rasta gospodarstva kavu, još jedan važan faktor za industrijski razvoj u drugoj polovini devetnaestog stoljeća bio je zamjena robovima prema slobodnom najamnog rada europskih doseljenika. Ti doseljenici, koji su u početku došli raditi na plantažama kave bili su glavni radno-komad djecu industrija, a također predstavlja potrošača na tržištu proizvoda koje je proizvodilo. Tekst 8 Ipak, proces industrijalizacije uvelike je utjecala na valu europske imigracije. Imigranti, velika većina su bili mladi, muškog spola, a time, odmah produktivniji. Oni (imigranti) su, nerijetko, stanovnici gradova, ili je barem iskustvo plaćenog posla, a bili su osjetljivi na njihove poticaje. Imigranti često više pismen od brazilske klase, inferiorno, donio ručne vještine i tehnike koje su bile rijetkost u Brazilu. Budući da je jedan od glavnih nedostataka u brazilskom agrarnog društva nije bio potaknuti kupnju ili početna slova obrtničkih vještina, uvoz ljudski kapital sastoji se od jednog ogromnog udarca, više vrijedne od zlatnih rezervi ili čak strojeva. (Preuzeto iz DEAN navodi se u AKTIVNOST Prepoznajte tekst 8 autorovo mišljenje o nazočnosti useljenika u Brazilu i njegovu učinkovitost u industriji.