http___livro-ensino-medio.f1cf.com.br_historia_hr_history-55.html_1.xml
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technical work, that is, the exclusive professional dominant in craft workshops has been replaced by the distribution of functions in modern manufacturing workshops. DEBATE From the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, the independent artisans tend to disappear, and in their place come the employees, who increasingly depend more merchant-capitalist-intemediário. What factors contributed to this situation? The so-called enclosures or enclosures (mainly in England), which consisted of the mass expulsion of tenants and transformation of cropland to pasture for sheep, large masses of people uprooted from their livelihoods. This situation helps to understand the readiness of many peasants to accept the work at home as a "piece rate workers". Featuring generally few lands, the situation of the peasants was precarious. Many had to supplement their incomes by working agricultural wages or sending their children to the cities to take up employment in manufacturing. In cities corporations shut up in their monopoly position and exclude newcomers, which gave scope to the emergence of illicit markets, fueled by clandestine masters and journeymen, who were working illegally. Most of the time, without the opportunity to exercise their craft autonomously, these masters and journeymen deprecated became dependent on who was willing to buy them the workforce. In the sixteenth and seventeenth century, both because of enclosures or enclosure, as due to the numerous and protracted religious wars that ravaged the continent, many people were torn from their usual way of life and could not fit into the discipline of the new condition, converting in a crowd of beggars, thieves, vagabonds. The solution found by the governments of the time this situation was to use force to induce this crowd to sell their labor power. Hence have arisen across Western Europe legislation against "vagrancy". Document 1 In England this legislation began under the rule of Henry VII. - Henry VIII, 1530: Old and disabled beggars receive a license to beg. In contrast, flogging and imprisonment for bums valid.
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tehnički posao, odnosno, ekskluzivni profesionalna dominantan u obrtničkim radionicama je zamijenjen raspodjeli funkcija u modernim proizvodnim radionicama. DEBATA Od šesnaesti-osamnaesti stoljeća, nezavisni obrtnici imaju tendenciju da nestane, a na njihovo mjesto dolaze od zaposlenih, koji sve više ovisi trgovac-kapitalistički intemediário. Koji su čimbenici pridonijeli ovoj situaciji? Takozvani kućišta ili kućišta (uglavnom u Engleskoj), koji se sastojao od masovnog protjerivanja stanara i transformacije cropland pašnjak za ovce, velike mase ljudi iščupao iz svojih sredstava za život. Ova situacija pomaže razumjeti spremnost mnogih seljaka da prihvate rad kod kuće kao "komad stopa radnika". Uz općenito malo zemlje, situacija je neizvjesna seljaka. Mnogi su morali dopuniti svoje prihode radeći poljoprivrednih plaće ili slati svoju djecu u gradove da se do posla u proizvodnji. U gradovima korporacije zatvorena u svojoj monopolskog položaja i uključuju pridošlice, na kojima je doseg do pojave nezakonitih tržištima, potaknut od strane tajnih majstora i journeymen, koji su radili nezakonito. Većinu vremena, bez mogućnosti da ostvari svoj zanat autonomno, ti majstori i journeymen zastarjela postala ovisna o tome tko je bio spreman kupiti im radne snage. U šesnaestom i sedamnaestom stoljeću, kako zbog priloga ili kućišta, što zbog brojnih i dugotrajan vjerskih ratova koji su poharali kontinent, mnogi ljudi su istrgnuta iz svog uobičajenog načina života i nije mogao stati u disciplini novom stanju, obraćajući u gužvi prosjaka, lopovi, skitnice. Rješenje pronašao vlada vrijeme ova situacija je upotrijebiti silu kako bi se potaknulo to gužve na prodaju svoje radne snage. Stoga su se pojavili diljem Zapadne Europe zakonodavstva protiv "skitnje". Dokument 1 U Engleskoj je ovaj zakon je počeo u doba Henrika VII. - Henry VIII, 1530: Starim i nemoćnim prosjaci dobiti dozvolu da prose. U kontrastu, šibanje i zatvorske kazne za propalicama važećih.