http___mapnall.com_hr_Zemljovid-Hong-Kong_1072674.html_1.xml
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Hong Kong is one of two special administrative regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the other being Macau. It is situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is known for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With a land mass of and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Hong Kong's population is 95 percent ethnic Chinese and 5 percent from other groups. Hong Kong's Han Chinese majority originate mainly from the cities of Guangzhou and Taishan in the neighbouring Guangdong province. Hong Kong became a colony of the British Empire after the First Opium War (1839–42). Originally confined to Hong Kong Island, the colony's boundaries were extended in stages to the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and then the New Territories in 1898. It was occupied by Japan during the Pacific War, after which the British resumed control until 1997, when China resumed sovereignty. The region espoused minimum government intervention under the ethos of positive non-interventionism during the colonial era. The time period greatly influenced the current culture of Hong Kong, often described as "East meets West", Under the principle of "one country, two systems", Hong Kong has a different political system from mainland China. Hong Kong's independent judiciary functions under the common law framework. Hong Kong Basic Law, its constitutional document, which stipulates that Hong Kong shall have a "high degree of autonomy" in all matters except foreign relations and military defence, governs its political system. Although it has a burgeoning multi-party system, a small-circle electorate controls half of its legislature. That is, the Chief Executive of Hong Kong, the head of government, is chosen by an Election Committee of 400 to 1,200 members, a situation that will be in effect during the first 20 years of Chinese rule. As one of the world's leading international financial centres, Hong Kong has a major capitalist service economy characterised by low taxation and free trade, and the currency, Hong Kong dollar, is the eighth most traded currency in the world. The lack of space caused demand for denser constructions, which developed the city to a centre for modern architecture and the world's most vertical city. The dense space also led to a highly developed transportation network with public transport travelling rate exceeding 90 percent, According to both UN and WHO estimates, Hong Kong has the longest life expectancy of any country in the world from 2012.
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Hong Kong, Hongkong (kineski: 香港) je grad, i zajedno s Makaom, jedna od dvije posebne upravne regije (''PUR'') Narodne Republike Kine. Smješten na južnoj obali Kine i okružen deltom Biserne rijeke i Južnim kineskim morem, poznat je po svojoj neboderskoj arhitekturi i velikoj prirodnoj luci. S površinom od 1104 km² i sedam milijuna stanovnika, jedno je od najgušće naseljenih područja na svijetu. Stanovništvo Hong Konga 95% je etnički kinesko dok se preostalih 5% odnosi na druge nacionalne grupe. Hongkonška Han kineska većina potječe uglavnom iz gradova Guangzhou i Taishan u susjednoj provinciji Guangdong. Hong Kong je postao kolonija Britanskog imperija nakon prvog opijumskog rata (1839.–42.). Izvorno ograničene otokom Hong Kong, do 1898. granice kolonije postepeno su širene na poluotok Kowloon i Nove teritorije. U doba drugog svjetskog rata, tijekom rata na Pacifiku bio je okupiran od strane Japana. 1945. Britanija je ponovo uspostavila svoju vlast do 1997., kada je Kina ponovo uspostavila suverenitet. Regija je tijekom kolonijalnog doba prihvatila politiku minimalne intervencije vlasti pod etikom pozitivnog neintervencionizma. To razdoblje snažno je utjecalo na aktualnu kulturu Hong Konga, koji se često opisuje kao mjesto gdje "Istok susreće zapad", slobodno temeljen na Engleskom sustavu. Hongkonško neovisno sudstvo djeluje pod sustavom običajnog prava. Temeljni zakon Hong Konga, ustavni dokument koji propisuje "visok stupanj autonomije" u svim pitanjima osim vanjskih odnosa i obrane, upravlja političkim sustavom teritorija. Premda raspolaže s rastućim višestranačkim sustavom, uski krug biračkog tijela kontrolira polovicu legislature. Izborni odbor s 800 članova bira šefa administracije Hong Konga, tj. šefa vlade. Kao jedno od vodećih svjetskih međunarodnih financijskih središta, Hong Kong raspolaže s značajnom kapitalističkom ekonomijom usluga, karakteriziranu niskim porezima, slobodnom trgovinom, dok je valuta, Honkonški dolar, prema prometu deveta na svijetu. Nedostatak prostora uvjetovao je gušću izgradnju, što je Hong Kong razvilo kao središte moderne arhitekture i grad s najvećim postotkom nebodera. Zbijen prostor također je doveo do visoko razvijene transportne mreže s stopom korištenja javnog prijevoza od iznad 90%, najvišom u svijetu.