http___livro-ensino-medio.f1cf.com.br_geografia_hr_geography-238.html_1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 6.1 7.1 8.1 8.2 8.3
The use of electricity in Brazil can be considered as early as in 1879, when Thomas Edison built the first power plant to light up New York, D. Pedro II inaugurated in Rio de Janeiro, the electric lighting of Station Court (now Station D. Pedro II), with six lamps. Hydroelectricity This type of power is responsible for supplying approximately 90% of national consumption. The water is used since ancient times as a source of energy to move windmills or other equipment. But when she started to be used as a source of electricity? The first hydropower plants emerged in Brazil were private and were intended to meet the needs of a weaving, mining or a farm, later the plants were intended for street lighting and service to the population. Previously, for the construction of a hydroelectric plant was not necessary to obtain governmental authorization, nor was there need for environmental impact studies. This was slowly changing, and now several studies are conducted, eg: Preliminary Studies Environmental Impact Assessment (EPIA), Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and subsequent Environmental Impact Report (EIR) to check for possible interferences environmental, sociocultural and economic in the affected area. Even so, the impact can be significant. Could you indicate some impacts on the people affected by the dam construction? For installation of a hydroelectric plant should consider the topography of the surroundings, the river width and flow, aiming to better use of water power and thus avoiding the flooding of large areas and their impacts. The electrical energy produced by the force of water is considered renewable, since the water used to generate power in the process is not limited, and may be used for other purposes. The lake formed by the dam of the river can be used for navigation, as it eliminates the waterfalls, which hindered the route before its formation. It can also be used for the development of aquaculture, recreation, irrigation and others.
1.1 1.2 1.3 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 6.1 7.1 8.1 8.2 8.3
Korištenje električne energije u Brazilu može se smatrati već u 1879, kada je Thomas Edison izgrađen prvi elektrane na vidjelo se u New Yorku, D. Pedro II inauguriran u Rio de Janeiru, električna rasvjeta od Station suda (sada kolodvor D. Pedro II), sa šest svjetiljki. Hidroelektrika Ova vrsta moći je odgovoran za opskrbu oko 90% nacionalne potrošnje. Voda se koristi od davnina kao izvor energije da se presele vjetrenjače ili drugu opremu. Ali kad je počeo koristiti kao izvor električne energije? Prve hidroelektrane se pojavile u Brazilu su privatna te su namijenjeni kako bi se zadovoljile potrebe tkanja, rudarstva ili uzgajalište, kasnije su biljke bile namijenjene za uličnu rasvjetu i usluga za stanovništvo. Prije toga, za izgradnju hidroelektrane nije bilo potrebno dobiti odobrenje vladine, niti je bilo potrebno za izradu SUO. To se polako mijenja, a sada nekoliko istraživanja su provedena, npr.: Preliminarne studije utjecaja na okoliš (EPIA), procjena utjecaja na okoliš (EIA) i uticajem na okoliš Izvješće (EKS) za provjeru mogućih smetnji okoliša, sociokulturnim i ekonomske u zahvaćenom području. Čak i tako, utjecaj može biti značajan. Možete li navesti neke učinke na osobe pogođene brane gradnje? Za ugradnja hidroelektrane treba uzeti u obzir topografiju okolici, Rijeka širina i tijek, s ciljem bolje korištenje vodnih snaga i čime se izbjegava poplave velikih područja i njihovih učinaka. Električna energija proizvedena po sili vode smatra obnovljivi, jer voda se koristi za proizvodnju energije u proces nije ograničen, a može se koristiti i za druge svrhe. Jezero formirana brane rijeke može se koristiti za navigaciju, kao što eliminira u slapovima, koje su onemogućavale rutu prije njenog formiranja. To se također može koristiti za razvoj akvakulture, rekreaciju, navodnjavanje i druge.