http___metro-portal.hr_u-hrvatskoj-11-zarazenih-virusom-zapadnog-nila_80401_1.xml
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Mosquitoes are best known for one thing: biting and creating irritation to our skin. This habit is actually only in adult females, which often feed on blood to help generate their eggs. Not only is this annoying, it can also cause serious harm to the human body. Due to the record flooding in Louisiana this month, officials are concerned about mosquito-borne viruses like West Nile or Zika spreading at a faster rate. But what is the difference? We know both are spread by mosquitoes but here is more information on how West Nile and Zika compare. West Nile The West Nile virus is most commonly transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. Most people who become infected with West Nile virus do not develop any symptoms. Some infected individuals will develop a fever with other symptoms such as headache, body aches, joint pains, vomiting, diarrhea or rash. Most people with this type of West Nile virus disease recover completely, but the fatigue and weakness can last for weeks or months. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), less than 1% of people who are infected will develop a serious neurologic illness such as encephalitis or meningitis (inflammation of the brain or surrounding tissues). The symptoms of neurologic illness can include headache, high fever, neck stiffness, disorientation, coma, tremors, seizures, or paralysis. About 10% of people who develop neurologic infection due to West Nile virus die. Zika Zika is the newest virus on everyone’s mind these days. Zika virus is spread to people primarily through mosquito bites. It can also be spread by blood transfusions or sexual contact. To our knowledge, there has not been any local transmission of Zika virus in Louisiana. Most people infected with Zika virus do not have any symptoms. The most common symptoms of Zika virus are fever, rash, joint pain and conjunctivitis (red eyes). Other common symptoms include muscle pain and headache. These symptoms can last from several days to a week. The incubation period (the time from exposure to symptoms) for Zika virus is unknown, but is likely to be a few days to a week. People infected with Zika usually don’t get sick enough to go to the hospital. During the first week of infection, Zika virus can be found in the blood and passed from an infected person to a mosquito through mosquito bites. Mosquitoes that spread Zika virus bite mostly during the daytime. The virus has also been linked to serious birth defects. In October, locations that had confirmed cases of Zika also recorded an unusually high number of cases of microcephaly, in which babies are born with small heads and incomplete brain development. These babies may have problems moving their arms and legs, or problems with feeding. In some cases, microcephaly can be linked to seizures, which can reduce like expectancy. However, the risk to an infant if a woman is infected with Zika virus while she is pregnant is unknown. Zika virus usually remains in the blood of an infected person for only a few days to a week. The virus will not cause infections in an infant that is conceived after the virus is cleared from the blood and there is currently no evidence that Zika virus infection poses a risk of birth defects in future pregnancies. To prevent the spread of mosquito-borne illnesses, communities should use mosquito repellent in the warmer months, spray to kill mosquitos and eliminate standing pools of water where they breed. If you begin to show any of the above symptoms associated with Zika or West Nile virus, be sure to see a healthcare professional immediately.
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U Hrvatskoj 11 zaraženih virusom Zapadnog Nila! Hrvatski zavod za javno zdravstvo priopćio je danas kako je u Hrvatskoj registrirano 11 bolesnika sa sumnjom na infekciju virusom Zapadnog Nila Kod svih bolesnika utvrđena je upala moždanih ovojnica ili mozga. Kod troje oboljelih nalazi ukazuju na vrlo vjerojatnu infekciju tim virusom, dok kod ostalih treba potvrditi preliminarne nalaze. Dio bolesnika je hospitaliziran, a neki su otpušteni kućama. Oboljeli su s područja Grada Zagreba i Zagrebačke županije, a jedna je pacijentica iz Međimurske županije. Dodatno je još četvero pacijenata hospitalizirano sa znakovima upale moždanih ovojnica i mozga, za koje je dijagnostički postupak u tijeku. Epidemiološka istraživanja na terenu, kao i provedba potrebnih mjera su u tijeku, poručuju iz HZJZ-a. S obzirom da infekciju prenose komarci iz HZJZ-a podsjećaju na važnost osobne zaštite od komaraca. Kako bi se smanjio rizik od infekcije tim virusom, pored dezinsekcijskih mjera suzbijanja komaraca, preporučene su i individualne mjere zaštite od komaraca. Među njima su primjena repelenata, sredstava koja odbijaju komarce, na otkrivene dijelove tijela, nošenje odjeće dugih rukava i nogavica prilikom boravka na otvorenom, izbjegavanje boravka na otvorenom u razdoblju najveće aktivnosti komaraca, od sumraka do zore, primjena zaštitnih mreža na prozorima i vratima te uklanjanje nakupljene vode u vrtovima, dvorištima, na balkonima ili terasama te neisušenih lokvi, kanala i vode u prirodnim udubljenjima u drveću. Groznica Zapadnog Nila ne manifestira se u osam od 10 slučajeva, ali oni koji obole teško je prepoznaju jer simptomi sliče gripi i prehladi. Najčešći simptomi su povišena tjelesna temperatura, glavobolja, umor, bol u zglobovima, a ponekad virus može izazvati i osip na koži, natečene limfne čvorove i bol u očima, piše Klinika Mayo. U jedan posto slučajeva virus izazva tešku neurološku infekciju koja može prouzročiti upalu moždane ovojnice, odnosno meningitis i encefalitis. Ponekad se upala može proširiti i na kralježnicu pa oboljeli osjećaju iznenadnu slabost u rukama, nogama i teško dišu. Simptomi teške infekcije su povišena tjelesna temperatura, nepodnošljive glavobolje, ukočenost vrata, dezorijentacija, podrhtavanje, loša koordinacija, napadaji, bol i iznenadna paraliza ili slabost u rukama i nogama. Ako imate ozbiljne glavobolje, primijetite ukočenost vrata ili lošu koordinaciju i dezorijentiranost, svakako posjetite liječnika. Također, liječnici savjetuju ljudima koji su se zarazili virusom da svakih pet godina prekontroliraju rad bubrega jer se virus može pritajiti u tijelu, a kasnije izazvati komplikacije.