http___matrixworldhr.com_2013_12_07_cob-kuce-od-gline-zemlje-pijeska-i-slame__1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 9.2 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.1 17.1 18.1 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 28.1 29.1 30.1
Hobbit-style eco-friendly house built from scratch for just £150 ; The farmer used only natural materials or unwanted items to build the cob house at the bottom of his garden in the Oxfordshire countryside. The £150 hobbit hole: Farmer builds a cosy cob home using materials he recycled from skips… and the tenant pays the rent in MILK Michael Buck used only natural materials or unwanted items to build ‘cob house’ at bottom of his garden He said he wanted to challenge the notion that paying for a house should take a lifetime He is now renting out the property to a worker on a neighouring farm, who pays for her lodgings in milk A farmer has built a house for just £150 using an ancient building technique and materials he found in skips. Michael Buck, 59, used only natural materials or unwanted items to build the ‘cob house’ at the bottom of his garden in the Oxfordshire countryside. The former art teacher, now a rural smallholder near Oxford, has started renting out the property and his current tenant – a worker on a neighbouring dairy farm – pays for her lodgings in milk. Cob houses are built according to a method thought to date back to prehistoric times which uses only earth, clay and straw. In building the house, Mr Buck, rescued the floorboards from a neighbour’s skip and used the windscreen of an old lorry to create several of the home’s windows. He even carried a 10ft wide bundle of reeds draped across his back on foot to avoid racking up a carbon footprint. The dedicated father-of-three also taught himself how to thatch in order to create the house’s intricate roof. Heat is provided by a wood-burning stove – and thanks to the cob walls and thatched roof the house is surprisingly well-insulated. Although it has no electricity the cottage boasts free running water from a nearby spring and walls painted with a chalk and plant resin mixture. It has a kitchen and dining area, along with a bunk-style bed to maximise space below. A shallow well outside the front door also acts as a primitive fridge to keep milk and other liquids cool. The isolated retreat even has its own thatched outhouse complete with composting toilet. Mr Buck, who spent two years gathering materials and constructing the house, said he wanted to challenge the notion that paying for a house should take a lifetime. He said: ‘It was meant to cost nothing but some things went wrong so we ended up spending £150 on it. ‘If I were a property developer I’d have an infinity overspend because as a percentage of nothing, which was my target, £150 is quite a lot. ‘But I believe in the idea of houses not costing much. ‘A house does not have to cost the Earth – you only need earth to build it. ‘There’s this idea people have to spend their whole lives paying off their mortgage doing something they don’t enjoy which I wanted to challenge. ‘I also used mostly natural materials – I wanted the house to fit in with the landscape rather than intrude upon it. ‘The house is built from locally-sourced materials and apart from the glass they are biodegradable. ‘With proper maintenance it could last forever but it would also naturally return to the Earth if it was left alone. ‘One day it will disappear back into the landscape – it would just be a mound of earth if it was left. ‘There are also some personal touches – the names of everyone who helped in building the house are written on the wall. ‘It includes the names of three cows – Marigold, Crystal and Mist – who provided dung which helped to make the walls.’ Cob houses have been built across the world for thousands of years. English cob was traditionally made by mixing a clay-based subsoil with sand, straw and water before using oxen to trample it. The mixture would then be ladled on to a stone foundation and trodden into the wall by workers – a process known as ‘cobbing’. Over time the layers of cob would be gradually built up as the previous layer – or ‘course’ – hardened FULL,Farmer,-builds,-house,-just-,150,-u
1.1 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 6.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.1 8.2 9.1 9.2 9.3 10.1 10.2 11.1 11.2 12.1 12.2 13.1 13.2 14.1 15.1 16.1
Autor: Irena Dujmušić Matrix World Cob je građevinski materijal sastavljen od gline, zemlje, pijeska i slame. Česte su predrasude da će se ove kuće otopiti prvim pljuskom, međutim, te zablude padaju u vodu već prvim pogledom na njih. Cob je kao materijal vrlo izdržljiv i zahtijeva malo održavanja. Ne gori, kukci ga ne jedu, ne toksičan je, ne stvara otpad, zahtjeva minimalno alata za izgradnju i vrlo je jeftin. Cob kuće su daleko od primitivnih koliba, to je softificirana tehnologija gradnje oslobođena financijskih zamki i općeg ludila današnjih rasipnih kuća. Cob je drevni građevinski materijal, koji je korišten za izgradnju još od prapovijesti. Neke od najstarijih struktura napravljenih ljudskom rukom u Afganistanu su od cob materijala. U Magrebu i al-Andalusu se koristi od 11. i 12. stoljeća te je detaljno opisan od strane Ibn Halduna u 14. stoljeću. Ovakve kuće se mogu snaći i u Velikoj Britaniji, Walesu, Irskoj, Bretanji, Africi, Bliskom Istoku, SAD-u, Novom Zelandu, i mnoge su starije od 500 godina, a u nekima se živi još i danas. Tradicionalno, engleski cob je napravljen miješanjem gline s pijeskom, slamom i vodom, koje su gazili volovi. Zemljana smjesa se tada u slojevima stavljala na kamene osnove i zbijala se od strane radnika u procesu poznatom kao cobbing. Gradnja je napredovala prema vremenu potrebnom da bi se prethodni sloj osušio. Nakon sušenja, zidovi bi bili dotjerani i sljedeći sloj se gradio, s nadvojima za kasnije otvore, kao što su vrata i prozori, koji su se umetali kada bi se zid formirao. Ova stara tradicija se danas ponovno obnavlja i koristi diljem svijeta, stoga vam predstavljamo neke od prekrasnih zemljanih kuća, koje će vas zapanjiti dizajnom, a i niskim troškovima gradnje i održavanja. Michael Buck izgradio je svoju kuću u dnu svog vrta za samo 150 funti koristeći prirodne materijale i neželjene materijale s otpada. Za gradnju kuće je učio je čitajući knjige o toj temi, čak je oblikovao zidove bez ijednog električnog alata. Daske za pod su odbačeni materijal od susjeda, zidovi su obojani krečom, prozori su stara vjetrobranska stakla kamiona, krov je od drvene konstrukcije prekriven slamom. U njoj nije hladno, budući da je ovaj materijal dobar izolator, a stropovi su dodatno punjeni ovčjim runom s obližnje farme, kako bi se zadržavala toplina. U kući je postavljen kamin za kuhanje, točno ispod bračnog kreveta, kako bi se osigurala toplinai noću, a rasvjetu daju svijeće i lampioni. Voda je besplatna budući da dolazi s izvora, a kompostirani toalet se nalazi vani. Izvorno, gdin. Buck je zamislio da izgradnja kuće ne košta ništa, no preračunao se u tome koliko slame treba, pa je morao kupiti još, kao i neke čavle za učvršćivanje slame za krov. Prijatelji su pomogli u izgradnji, a za izgradnju nije trebao dozvolu budući da je naveo da je to ljetnikovac. Michael “Meka” Bunch prisustvovao je svojoj prvoj Cob radionici 1996. i nastavio je gradeći Cob studio u Wolf Creeku, Oregon, nudeći radionicu tijekom procesa gradnje. Od tada, Meka pokazuje i poučava prirodne tehnike gradnje putem javnih događanja i radionica, na lokalnoj i međunarodnoj razini. Gary Zuker izgradio je kuću od 84m2 u Austinu, Teksas, bez ikakvog prethodnog iskustva u izgradnji. Istraživao je cob kuće iz 15. stoljeća na svom lokalnom sveučilištu. Tri godine kasnije njegov je dom bio potpun. Cob kuća u Cae Mabonu, Wales. Kućica je sagrađena 2004. uz pomoć 25 osoba za dva tjedna. Kuća dizajnera Yuri Ryntovta u ekoselu u blizini Kharkova, Ukrajina. Unutrašnjost zajedničkog dnevnog boravka je izgrađena korištenjem ukrajinske inačice coba gdje su drveni okviri obloženi prvo sa smjesom gline i slame i zatim pomiješani s glinom i piljevinom. Ovaj cob dom je djelo Lise i Richa koji su ga sagradili uz pomoć gline iz potoka koji prolazi pored njihove kuće. Da bi izgradili okvir za kuću, prikupljali su oblovinu iz lokalnih šuma. Nismo sigurni kakvi su propisi u raznim državama u vezi izgradnje zemljanih kuća, no osim toga, svakako se morate dobro informirati o detaljima izgradnje, jer kvaliteta materijala ovisi i o kvaliteti gline, kao i oštrini pijeska, količini slame i ostalog. Jednako kvalitetne kuće se mogu graditi i samo od slame, o čemu se više možete informirati u članku “Kuće od slame“. The £150 hobbit hole: Farmer builds a cosy cob home using materials he recycled from skips… and the tenant pays the rent in MILK Cob House Interiors: Six beautiful and unique homes around the world. Kategorije:SVIJET POD LUPOM, VJEROVALI ILI NE