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Physics But the existence or not of the vacuum affects the temperature measurement? The first temperature measurement instruments, called termoscópios were imprecise because the column material thermometric rising or descending at different times for the same temperature, atmospheric pressure depending on where the measurement was made. But the difference was not obtained as the termoscópios the problem that led to the concept of atmospheric pressure, but the impossibility at the time ofraising up a column of water through suction pumps at a height above 10 meters. One of the scientists who bother with the matter was Galileo Galilei(1564-1642). Galileo, in his Discourse concerning two new sciences, published in 1638, adopted a more moderate attitude. Believed in a vacuum to the horror of nature, but I thought this horror had limits (admitted as fine in its possibility). Galileo was interested in the question of vacuum after a gardener Florence told you that your completely new pump was unable to raise the water above ten feet, "the gardener said," Galileo wrote, "that was not possible, not with bombs or with the other machines that make the water rise by attraction, make her climb that went beyond the minimum of 18 fathoms (about ten meters), whether the pumps were wide or narrow. "Galileo explained this phenomenon by the fact that the value ten yards represented the endurance limit of the water column: exceeding this limit, the cohesive force exerted by nature became dead and the water column was broken. Galileo believed that the water should happen that the same happened with other materials such as, for example, metallic wires, which broke after a certain length due to its own weight. Similarly to Torricelli, Galileo also had raised the possibility of different materials presenting different heights. It is already known that the height of the liquid thermoscope be smaller or larger depending on the temperature, ie already re- lacionava volume increase has increased the temperature. Lacked only consider the pressure, which happened only after the work of Torricelli. A countryman of Torricelli, Gaspar Berti, conducted an experiment similar to the one held with a difference: he used water instead of mercury The apparatus of experience Berti has two openings, A and B, as shown in figure 1. However, even sealed point A is still higher than the container opening through which air can enter, affecting the descent of the column of liquid. And, therefore, failed to topple Berti's thesis horror of the vacuum. Figure 1: Apparatus used by Berti. The tube was completely filled by the opening (A) and placed in a container completely filled with the same liquid that the tube. The opening (A) was then sealed and tap (B) open. A portion of liquid drained but was still another part of the pipe when the seal opening (A) was removed, all the liquid drained from the tube.
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Fizika No, postojanje ili ne od vakuumu utječe na mjerenje temperature? Prva mjerenja temperature instrumentima, pod nazivom termoscópios bile neprecizne jer je stupac materijal termometarski diže ili spušta u različitim vremenima za istu temperaturu, tlak zraka, ovisno o tome gdje je izmjerena je. No, razlika nije dobivena kao termoscópios problem koji je doveo do pojma atmosferskog tlaka, ali nesposobnost na vrijemepodići stupac vode kroz vakuum pumpi na visini iznad 10 metara. Jedan od znanstvenika koji smetaju s pitanjem je Galileo Galilei(1564-1642). Galileo, u svom govoru o dvije nove znanosti, objavljeni u 1638, usvojila je umjereniji stav. Vjeruje u vakuumu na užas prirode, ali mislio sam da je ovo horor imala granice (što je priznaou svojojfino mogućnost). Galileo je bio zainteresiran u pitanju vakuumu nakon vrtlar Florence vam rekao da posve nova pumpa je u stanju podići vodu iznad deset metara ", rekao je vrtlar," Galileo je napisao, "to nije bilo moguće, a ne s bombama ili s drugim strojevima koji čine vode uspon prema privlačnosti, bi joj uspon koji je otišao dalje od minimalno 18 hvati (oko deset metara), da li su pumpe bile široke ili uske. Galileo objasniti taj fenomen i činjenica da je vrijednost deset metara predstavljao granicu izdržljivosti vodenog stupca:. Prelazi tu granicu, kohezivna sila vrši prema prirodi postao mrtav i vodeni stupac bio slomljen(RIVAL, 1997 . 18.) Galileo je vjerovao da voda treba dogoditi da se isto dogodilo i sa drugim materijalima kao što su, primjerice, vodiči, koji su izbili nakon određenog zbog svoje vlastite težine. Slično se Torricelli, Galileo je također podigao mogućnost različitih materijala koji predstavljaju različite visine. Već je poznato da je visina tekućeg termoskop bude manja ili veća, ovisno o temperaturi, tj. već re- lacionava volumen povećanje s porastom tem- Temperatura. Nedostajalo samo uzeti u obzir pritisak, koji se dogodilo tek nakon radu Torricelli. Zemljak od Torricelli, Gašpar Berti, proveli eksperiment sličnu onoj s razlikom: on se koristi vodu umjesto živa Aparat iskustvo Berti ima dva otvora, A i B, kako je prikazano na slici 1. Međutim, čak i zapečaćena točka je još uvijek veći od otvaranja spremnika kroz koje zrak može ući, utječe na silazak u stupcu tekućine. I, dakle, nije uspio oboriti Berti teza užas u vakuumu. Slika 1: Apparatus koristi Berti. Cijev je u potpunosti ispunjena otvor (A) i staviti u spremnik potpuno ispunjen s istim tekućine koja cijev. Otvor (), a zatim je zapečaćena i vode (B) otvoriti. Dio tekućine iscrpljen, ali je još uvijek jedan dio cijevi kad se brtva otvor () je uklonjen, sva tekućina ispuštena iz cijevi.