http___livro-ensino-medio.f1cf.com.br_fisica_hr_physics-35.html_1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.1 17.1 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 28.1 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 30.1 31.1
Since the ancients regarded the science of mechanics of utmost importance in the investigation of natural things, and the modern, rejecting substantial forms and occult qualities,have endeavored to subject the phenomena of nature to the laws of mathematics, mathematics cultivated in this treatise , as it relates to philosophy. The ancients considered mechanics in two ways: as rational - which follows strict demonstration - and practice. To practical mechanics all the manual arts belong, from which mechanics took its name. But as the craftsmen do not work with perfect accuracy,differ-ence is the mechanics of geometry, which is perfectly precious is called geometric, which is less strict is called mechanical. However, the errors are not in the art, but the artisan.(Newton, 1686). The artisans had special techniques for the production of goods, but not using mathematics. That was the criticism of Newton, for which the description of straight lines and circles belongs to mechanics. This was not possible without mathematics. For a long time the motion of bodies were assigned the qualities of bodies. The effects on the bodies of these qualities were due. But it was not known where or how the bodies receiving these qualities. It fell to the Greeks, probably around the seventh and sixth centuries BC, the effort in trying to rationalize and seeks the removal of myths. But concerns were with the principle of all things and the search for the origin and nature of the universe. However, philosophy and science con- tinue together until the Modern Age separates. Modern science has inherited from his ancestors, such as Galileo and René Descartes (1596 - 1650), an object of research and a method toaccomplish it. WILLIAM BLAKE. Newton, Watercolour, 46 x 60 cm, Tate Britain, London, England. The compass represents the geometry and mathematics. Galileo was led to renounce their convictions by a court of inquisition, but this arbitrary power has começavaadeclinar; surgiammudançaseconômicasepolíticasqueanunciavamoturbilhãodetransformações that never stopped, with the expansion of commercial society and industrial revolutions. René Descartes(1596-1650), his contemporary philosopher, also proposed that the same science that has supralunar and sublunary worlds, separated in the Aristotelian tradition. It's just taking Galileo and Descartes as landmarks of modernity and of what is known today as science(Adapted from: Menezes, 2005, p.18). One should not face Descartes as an isolated genius, who has emerged as a fungus morning, the overnight. Descartes was prepared by a vast movement, which itself is rooted in the Middle Ages and extends until the sixteenth century. This movement became known as Renaissance Humanism. Within Western culture, humanism (second half of the century. Fourteenth and first half of the century. XV) and the Renaissance (second half of the century. Fifteenth and sixteenth century) are two moments of the same process that became known for seeking, stress and promote all that perfected man intellectually and practically. In it, the individual is seen as "absolute" nature as his "kingdom", the story as a "creation" and art as an expression of their "superiority" over other beings of creation. So fades the human complex of inferiority.
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.1 17.1 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 28.1 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 30.1 31.1
Budući da su stari smatrati znanost o mehanici iznimne važnosti u istraživanje prirodnih stvari, a moderna, odbacujući značajne oblike i okultne kvalitete,nastojali podjarmiti fenomene prirode zakonima matematike, matematike uzgaja u ovoj raspravi , kao što se odnosi na filozofiju. Stari narodi smatraju mehanike na dva načina: kao racionalni - koja slijedi stroge demonstracija - i prakse. Za praktične mehanike svi priručnik umjetnosti pripadaju, iz koje mehanika je dobila ime. No, kako su obrtnici ne rade sa savršenom točnošću,razlika je mehanika geometrije, što je savršeno dragocjeno naziva geometrijski, što je blaža naziva mehanička. Međutim, pogreške nisu u umjetnosti, ali je majstor.(Newton, 1686). Obrtnici su imali posebne tehnike za proizvodnju robe, ali ne pomoću matematike. To je bila kritika Newton, za koje je opis ravnih linija i krugova pripada mehanike. To nije moguće bez matematike. Dugo vremena je gibanje tijela su dodijeljene osobine tijela. Učinci na tijelima tih osobina su zbog. Ali to nije bio poznat gdje i kako su tijela primitka ove kvalitete. On je pao s Grcima, vjerojatno oko sedmog i šestog stoljeća prije Krista, napor u pokušaju da se racionaliziraju i traži uklanjanje mitova. No, problemi su s načelom svih stvari i potragom za podrijetlu i naravi svemira. Međutim, filozofija i znanost kon- nastavljaju zajedno sve do novog vijeka razdvaja. Moderna znanost je naslijedio od svojih predaka, kao što su Galileo i René Descartes (1596 - 1650), predmet istraživanja i metoda kako biga ostvarili. William Blake. Newton, Akvarel, 46 x 60 cm, Tate Britain, London, Engleska. Kompas predstavlja geometriju i matematiku. Galileo je dovelo da se odreknu svojih uvjerenja od strane suda inkviziciji, ali to samovoljom ima começavaadeclinar; surgiammudançaseconômicasepolíticasqueanunciavamoturbilhãodetransformações da nikada nije prestao, uz širenje komercijalne društva i industrijske revolucije. René Descartes(1596-1650), njegov suvremeni filozof, također predložio da se ista znanost koja ima supralunar i podmjesečni svjetove, odvojen u aristotelovske tradicije. To je samo uzimanje Galilea i Descartesa kao znamenitosti modernosti i onoga što je danas poznato kao znanosti(preuzeto iz: Menezes, 2005, str.18). Ne treba suočiti Descartesa kao izolirani genija, koji je nastao kao gljiva ujutro, preko noći. Descartes je pripremio ogromnom pokreta, koja sama po sebi je ukorijenjena u srednjem vijeku, a proteže sve do šesnaestog stoljeća. Ovaj pokret je postao poznat kao renesansnoga humanizma. U zapadnoj kulturi, humanizma (druga polovica stoljeća. Četrnaesta i prva polovina stoljeća. XV) i renesanse (druga polovica stoljeća. Petnaestog i šesnaestog stoljeća) dva su trenuci isti proces koji je postao poznat po traži, stresa i promicati sve što usavršili čovjek intelektualno i praktično. U njemu, pojedinac doživljava kao "apsolutne" prirode kao i njegov "kraljevstvo", priča kao "stvaranje" i umjetnosti kao izraz svoje "superiornosti nad ostalim bićima" stvaranja. Tako nestaje ljudsko kompleks inferiornosti.