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Root Canals Explained What is endodontic treatment? “Endo” is the Greek word for “inside” and “odont” is Greek for “tooth.” Endodontic treatment treats the inside of the tooth. Root canal treatment is one type of endodontic treatment. To understand endodontic treatment, it helps to know something about the anatomy of the tooth. Inside the tooth, under the white enamel and a hard layer called the dentin, is a soft tissue called the pulp. The pulp contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue and creates the surrounding hard tissues of the tooth during development. The pulp extends from the crown of the tooth to the tip of the roots where it connects to the tissues surrounding the root. The pulp is important during a tooth’s growth and development. However, once a tooth is fully mature it can survive without the pulp, because the tooth continues to be nourished by the tissues surrounding it. Back to top Why would I need an endodontic procedure? Endodontic treatment is necessary when the pulp, the soft tissue inside the root canal, becomes inflamed or infected. The inflammation or infection can have a variety of causes: deep decay, repeated dental procedures on the tooth, or a crack or chip in the tooth. In addition, an injury to a tooth may cause pulp damage even if the tooth has no visible chips or cracks. If pulp inflammation or infection is left untreated, it can cause pain or lead to an abscess. Back to top What are the signs of needing endodontic treatment? Signs to look for include pain, prolonged sensitivity to heat or cold, tenderness to touch and chewing, discoloration of the tooth, and swelling, drainage and tenderness in the lymph nodes as well as nearby bone and gum tissues. Sometimes, however, there are no symptoms. Back to top How does endodontic treatment save the tooth? The endodontist removes the inflamed or infected pulp, carefully cleans and shapes the inside of the root canal, then fills and seals the space. Afterwards, you will return to your dentist, who will place a crown or other restoration on the tooth to protect and restore it to full function. After restoration, the tooth continues to function like any other tooth. Back to top Will I feel pain during or after the procedure? Many endodontic procedures are performed to relieve the pain of toothaches caused by pulp inflammation or infection. With modern techniques and anesthetics, most patients report that they are comfortable during the procedure. For the first few days after treatment, your tooth may feel sensitive, especially if there was pain or infection before the procedure. This discomfort can be relieved with over-the-counter or prescription medications. Follow your endodontist’s instructions carefully. Your tooth may continue to feel slightly different from your other teeth for some time after your endodontic treatment is completed. However, if you have severe pain or pressure or pain that lasts more than a few days, call your endodontist. Back to top Step-by-Step Endodontic Procedure Endodontic treatment can often be performed in one or two visits and involves the following steps: The endodontist examines and x-rays the tooth, then administers local anesthetic. After the tooth is numb, the endodontist places a small protective sheet called a “dental dam” over the area to isolate the tooth and keep it clean and free of saliva during the procedure. The endodontist makes an opening in the crown of the tooth. Very small instruments are used to clean the pulp from the pulp chamber and root canals and to shape the space for filling. After the space is cleaned and shaped, the endodontist fills the root canals with a biocompatible material, usually a rubber-like material called gutta-percha. The gutta-percha is placed with an adhesive cement to ensure complete sealing of the root canals. In most cases, a temporary filling is placed to close the opening. The temporary filling will be removed by your dentist before the tooth is restored. After the final visit with your endodontist, you must return to your dentist to have a crown or other restoration placed on the tooth to protect and restore it to full function. If the tooth lacks sufficient structure to hold the restoration in place, your dentist or endodontist may place a post inside the tooth. Ask your dentist or endodontist for more details about the specific restoration planned for your tooth. Back to top How much will the procedure cost? The cost varies depending on how complex the problem is and which tooth is affected. Molars are more difficult to treat; the fee is usually more. Most dental insurance policies provide some coverage for endodontic treatment. Generally, endodontic treatment and restoration of the natural tooth are less expensive than the alternative of having the tooth extracted. An extracted tooth must be replaced with an implant or bridge to restore chewing function and prevent adjacent teeth from shifting. These procedures tend to cost more than endodontic treatment and appropriate restoration. Back to top Will the tooth need any special care or additional treatment after endodontic treatment? You should not chew or bite on the treated tooth until you have had it restored by your dentist. The unrestored tooth is susceptible to fracture, so you should see your dentist for a full restoration as soon as possible. Otherwise, you need only practice good oral hygiene, including brushing, flossing, and regular checkups and cleanings. Most endodontically treated teeth last as long as other natural teeth. In a few cases, a tooth that has undergone endodontic treatment does not heal or the pain continues. Occasionally, the tooth may become painful or diseased months or even years after successful treatment. Often when this occurs, redoing the endodontic procedure can save the tooth. Back to top What causes an endodontically treated tooth to need additional treatment? New trauma, deep decay, or a loose, cracked or broken filling can cause new infection in your tooth. In some cases, the endodontist may discover additional very narrow or curved canals that could not be treated during the initial procedure. Back to top Can all teeth be treated endodontically? Most teeth can be treated. Occasionally, a tooth can’t be saved because the root canals are not accessible, the root is severely fractured, the tooth doesn’t have adequate bone support, or the tooth cannot be restored. However, advances in endodontics are making it possible to save teeth that even a few years ago would have been lost. When endodontic treatment is not effective, endodontic surgery may be able to save the tooth. Back to top
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Apsces zuba – uzroci, simptomi i liječenje Apsces zuba je kolekcija gnoja koji je uzrokovan bakterijskom infekcijom u unutrašnjem dijelu zuba. Bolest se obično javlja kao posljedice neliječene zubne šupljine, ili pukotine u vašem zubu koja omogućuje bakteriji put u unutarnji zub. Liječenje apscesa zuba uključuje isušivanje čira i oslobođenje područja infekcije. Zub može biti spašen liječenjem korijenskih kanala, ali u nekim slučajevima biti će potrebno izvaditi zub. Neliječenje apscesa zuba može dovesti do ozbiljnih problema, pa čak i onih opasnih po život. Apsces zuba se može spriječiti pravilnom brigom o zubima, zdravom prehranom i obavljanjem redovitih stomatoloških pregleda. Simptomi apscesa zuba Znakovi i simptomi apscesa zuba uključuju: - vrlo bolnu i upornu zubobolju - osjetljivost na toplu i hladnu temperaturu - osjetljivost na žvakanje i griženje - groznicu - otekline u licu i obrazu - natečeni limfni čvorovi ispod čeljusti i u vratu - iznenadna navala neugodnog zadaha i lošeg okusa tekućine u ustima i prestanak boli ako apsces pukne Kada posjetiti zubara? Ako imate ikakve znakove i simptome apscesa zubi pod hitno morate otići vašem stomatologu. Ako imate temperaturu ili groznicu, a ne možete pristupiti vašem stomatologu, idite na hitnu. Groznica i oteklina može značiti da se infekcija proširila dublje u čeljust i okolna tkiva ili čak na druga područja vašeg tijela. Uzroci apscesa zuba Apsces zuba nastaje kada bakterije napadnu zubnu pulpu – mekan, unutarnji dio zuba koji sadrži krvne žile, živce i vezivna tkiva. Bakterija ulazi kroz bilo koji dio zubne šupljine ili napuknuća u zubu i širi se sve do korijena. Bakterijska infekcija uzrokuje oticanje i upalu. Čvrsti prostor unutar kojeg se javlja upala tjera gnoj u „džep“ (apsces) na vrhu korijena. Liječenje apscesa zuba Cilj liječenja je isušiti čir i eliminirati infekciju. Da bi se to postiglo vaš stomatolog može: - Ispuniti kanal korijena – ovaj postupak pomaže eliminirati infekciju i spasiti zub. Vaš stomatolog buši vaš zub, uklanja bolesno tkivo i isušuje čir. Pulpna komora zuba i korijenski kanal su zapečaćeni i ispunjeni. Obnovljeni zub može trajati cijeli život ako je ispravno zbrinut. - Izvaditi zahvaćeni zub – ako zub zahvaćen infekcijom ne može biti spašen, vaš stomatolog će ga izvaditi i isušiti čir da bi vas oslobodio infekcije. - Propisati antibiotike – ako je infekcija ograničena na nekom području, antibiotici možda neće biti potrebni. Ali ako se infekcija proširila na obližnje zube, čeljust ili druga područja, vaš stomatolog će vjerojatno propisati antibiotike kako bi se spriječilo daljnje širenje zaraze. Antibiotici se također preporučuju ako imate slab imunološki sustav. Cattier prašak za izbjeljivanje zubi Izbjeljuje zubnu caklinu i štiti zube. Klinčićevac, eterično ulje Pomaže kod infekcija usne šupljine.