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Diabetes Information and Prevention What is diabetes? Diabetes is usually a lifelong (chronic) disease. People who have diabetes are not able to properly absorb food to be used as energy. This results in high levels of sugar in the blood. High blood sugar and high blood glucose mean the same thing. Food that is eaten is broken down to be used by the body. Carbohydrates are broken down into small sugar particles called glucose. This glucose enters the blood and flows throughout the body to be used as energy. To move glucose through the body, insulin is needed. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. People with diabetes do not produce enough insulin, or their body does not use insulin properly. Some people suffer from both. This makes the body unable to move glucose into the body's cells. It stays in the blood stream and results in high blood glucose levels. There are three types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and gestational. Type 2 diabetes is the most common. Type 1 diabetes Type 1 diabetes is thought to be caused by a combination of genetics, or heredity, and environmental factors. Experts are not clear on what environmental factors cause Type 1 diabetes. People with Type 1 diabetes produce little or no insulin. Their immune systems attack and destroy cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults. Type 2 diabetes Being overweight is strongly linked to developing type 2 diabetes, but not everyone with type 2 diabetes is overweight. People with type 2 diabetes build up extra glucose in the blood because the body's cells become resistant to insulin. The pancreas does not make enough insulin to overcome this resistance. Without insulin, sugar cannot move to the cells where it is needed for energy. Heredity and environmental factors can affect whether type 2 diabetes develops. Gestational diabetes Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy. The hormones produced by the placenta make cells more resistant to insulin. Usually, the pancreas produces enough extra insulin to overcome insulin resistance. Sometimes the pancreas cannot keep up. Extra glucose builds up in the bloodstream, causing gestational diabetes. Pre-diabetes The term "borderline diabetic" is often used to refer to those with pre-diabetes. People diagnosed with pre-diabetes have higher than normal blood sugar, but not high enough to be diagnosed with diabetes. Those with pre-diabetes may get type 2 diabetes soon or sometime in the future. They are also more likely to get heart disease or have a stroke. People with pre-diabetes can change their eating habits and physical activity levels to reverse pre-diabetes. Type 2 diabetes can be delayed or prevented. Pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes risk factors Some factors increase your risk of developing pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes. Some factors can be changed. Other factors, like family history and age, cannot. You are at risk for diabetes if you: - carry extra weight, especially around the waist - are physically inactive - have a family member with type 2 diabetes - are African American, American Indian, Asian American, Hispanic/Latino, or Pacific Islander - are age 40 or over - have had diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes) - have high blood pressure (over 140/90 mm/Hg) - have low HDL cholesterol (35 mg/dl or lower) - have high triglycerides (250 mg/dl or higher) Pre-diabetes: How can you prevent type 2 diabetes? It's not too late to prevent diabetes To find diabetes education programs near you, contact your local county extension office.
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Koji su dobri prirodni lijekovi za dijabetes? Dijabetes ili šećerna bolest jedna je od najraširenijih na svijetu. Očituje se u niskoj razini inzulina, hormona kojeg luči gušterača. Nedostatak inzulina u tijelu dovodi do prekomjernog nakupljanja šećera i škroba. Ako se razina inzulina ne provjerava može doći do grčeva pa i težih stanja. Zbog čega se i kako pojavi dijabetes tipa 1 ili dijabetes tipa 2? U normalnim fiziološkim uvjetima razinu glukoze u krvi određuje djelovanja inzulina, glukagona (oba predstavljaju hormone gušterače) i hormona rasta (kojeg luči hipofiza – žlijezda smještena u centralnom dijelu mozga). Koncentracija glukoze u krvi ovisi o međusobnim koncentracijskim odnosima tih hormona u organizmu. Glukoza koja se natašte nalazi u krvi nastaje procesom sinteze glukoze (glikogeneza) u jetri. Nakon obroka koncentracija glukoze u krvi poraste i tako povećana koncentracija aktivira lučenje inzulina. Taj hormon potiče ulazak glukoze u stanicu i njeno iskorištavanje. Na stanice jetre i mišića inzulin djeluje tako da u tim stanicama potiče nastanak glikogena (rezervnog šećera) iz glukoze. Ipak, nekada dolazi do poremećaja tih žlijezda, što dovede do niza zdravstvenih komplikacija. Dijabetes tipa 1 ili maloljetnički dijabetes nastaje zbog autoimune akcije u tijelu što dovodi do uništavanja stanica koje proizvode inzulin u gušterači. Simptomi tog tipa dijabetesa su često mokrenje, povećana žeđ i glad, umor te gubitak težine. Dijabetes tipa 2 poznatiji kao dijabetes odraslih očituje se u hiperglikemiji ili povećanoj razini glukoze u krvi. Taj oblik je blaži, ali rizik od kardiovaskularnih bolesti je povećan. Glavnim uzrokom ovom tipa smatra se pretilost, a simptomi su slični kod oba tipa. Najčešće se kao terapija koriste inzulinske injekcije i lijekovi. No, postoje i prirodni tretmani za šećernu bolest. Mnoge studije pokazale su da biljna terapija može pomoći u kontroli razine šećera u krvi. Sve više ljudi odlučuje se na takve, biljne lijekove kako bi kontrolirali svoj dijabetes. Donosimo vam nekoliko najboljih prirodnih lijekova. Aloe Vera – nadaleko je poznata po ljekovitim svojstvima, pomaže u reguliranju razine šećera. Također, štiti od komplikacija koje mogu nastati dijabetesom. Cimet – povećava osjetljivost na inzulin, malo količine cimeta mogu ne samo pomoći u kontroli dijabetesa, nego i u unapređenju zdravstvenog stanja. Zeleni čaj – osim sagorijevanja masti, smanjuje rizik od kardiovaskularnih bolesti te pomaže u regulaciji šećera u krvi. Bamija – superhrana za dijabetičare. Pomaže u regulaciji glukoze. Pržene sjemenke se odavno koriste kao lijek za dijabetes u nekim zemljama. Šećerna bolest može postati opasna ako se ne liječi i poduzima potrebne mjere opreza. Biljke mogu izliječiti sve simptome dijabetesa u odnosu na lijekove koji su zaduženi isključivo za reguliranje razine glukoze. Isto tako, prirodni lijekovi nemaju nuspojava, mogu se dodati prehrani, a za razliku od tableta, ne štete jetri. U svakom slučaju potrebno je najprije se konzultirati s liječnikom prije upotrebe biljaka kao terapije.