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Transparency International Launches 2010 Corruption Index By Own Correspondent – Transparency International, a leading civil society organisation fighting corruption worldwide, yesterday released its 15th annual Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI). This year’s index ranks 178 countries by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as determined by expert assessments and opinion surveys. The Corruption Perception Index helps to highlight the propensity of domestic corruption and its damaging influence. In the report, Somalia was ranked the most corruption country in the world, while Denmark, Singapore and New Zealand were ranked number one, described as the least corrupt nations in the globe. The Gambia was ranked 91 alongside Djibouti, Guatemala, Sri Lanka and Swaziland. The United Stated was ranked 22, while Senegal was at the 105th position and Nigeria was placed at 134. Botswana was ranked number one in Sub-Saharan Africa but 33 globally. Also at the bottom of the list was Guinea ranked 164 with Kyrgyzstan and Venezuela, while Angola was ranked 168. Iraq was at 175, while Afghanistan and Myanmar were both ranked 176. The 2010 list ranks six African nations among the 10 most corrupt countries, including Somalia, Sudan, Chad, Burundi, Angola and Equatorial Guinea. The German-based group defines corruption as the abuse of entrusted power for private gain. This definition encompasses corrupt practices in both the public and private sectors. The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) ranks countries according to perception of corruption in the public sector. “The CPI is an aggregate indicator that combines different sources of information about corruption, making it possible to compare countries”, says the report. The 2010 CPI draws on different assessments and business opinion surveys carried out by independent and reputable institutions. It captures information about the administrative and political aspects of corruption. Broadly speaking, the surveys and assessments used to compile the index include questions relating to bribery of public officials, kick-backs in public procurement, embezzlement of public funds, and questions that probe the strength and effectiveness of public sector anti-corruption efforts. For a country or territory to be included in the index, a minimum of three of the sources that TI uses must assess that country. Thus, inclusion in the index depends solely on the availability of information. “Perceptions are used because corruption – whether frequency or amount – is to a great extent a hidden activity that is difficult to measure. Over time, perceptions have proved to be a reliable estimate of corruption. Measuring scandals, investigations or prosecutions, while offering ‘non-perception’ data, reflect less on the prevalence of corruption in a country and more on other factors, such as freedom of the press or the efficiency of the judicial system. TI considers it of critical importance to measure both corruption and integrity, and to do so in the public and private sectors at global, national and local levels”. The report added that The CPI is, therefore, one of many TI measurement tools that serve the fight against corruption.
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Foto: Ilustracija U IZVJEŠĆU koje je ovog tjedna objavio Transparency International stoji kako je Novi Zeland zemlja koju se smatra najmanje korumpiranom, dok najviša stopa korupcije vlada u Somaliji i Sjevernoj Koreji, piše CNN. Prema "indeksu percepcije o korupciji" SAD su se našle na 24. mjestu, i tako su postale četvrta najbolja država zapadne hemisfere. Kanada je na desetom mjestu popisa, dok su Bahami zauzeli 21. mjesto, a slijedi ih Čile. Hrvatska se našla na 66. mjestu ljestvice, zajedno s Crnom Gorom i Slovačkom. Prva mjesta na ljestvici država koje se doživljavaju kao najmanje korumpirane zauzimaju uglavnom europske zemlje, s iznimkom Novog Zelanda, zatim Singapura koji se našao na petom mjestu i Australije koja osmo mjesto zauzima zajedno sa Švicarskom. Preostale najbolje rangirane nacije su Danska, Finska, Švedska, Norveška i Nizozemska. S druge pak strane, uz Somaliju i Sjevernu Koreju, koje dijele posljednje, 182. mjesto ljestvice, dno liste popunili su Mianmar, Afganistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Sudan, Irak, Haiti i Venecuela. Transparency International svoje je zaključke izvukao iz anketa koje su provele nezavisne i respektabilne institucije. Informacije korištene kako bi se sastavio indeks dobivene su postavljanjem pitanja koja su se odnosila na podmitljivost državnih dužnosnika, pomoćnika u javnim ustanovama, pronevjeri javnih sredstava, kao i pitanjima o snazi i učinkovitosti javnih sektora i truda u borbi protiv korupcije. TEKST SE NASTAVLJA ISPOD OGLASA Dojam percepcije o razini korupcije u pojedinim državama korišten je jer je korupcija skrivena aktivnost koju je teško mjeriti. Iz Transparencyja kažu kako se taj doživljaj s vremenom pokazao kao potpuno pouzdana procjena korupcije. Pri mjerenju razine korupcije koristila se skala od 0-10, gdje nula predstavlja visoku korumpiranost, dok su desetkom bodovane vrlo "čiste" zemlje. Novi Zeland tako je dobio 9.5 bodova, a najgore Somalija i Sjeverna Koreja dobile su po jedan bod. SAD je ocijenjen sa 7.1 bodom, Kanada s 8.7 a Čile 7.2 boda. Haiti, najgori u zapadnoj hemisferi dobio je 1.8, a slijedi ga Venecuela s 1.9 boda. U istočnoj Europi i središnjoj Aziji Turska je najviše rangirana i našla se na 61. mjestu s 4.2 dodijeljena boda, a Turkmenistan i Uzbekistan dijele 177. mjesto sa indeksnom ocjenom 1.6. U EU i zapadnoj Europi na najboljem su položaju Danska i Finska, izjednačene na drugom mjestu sa indeksom 9.4, dok je Bugarska najgora, na 86. mjestu s 3.3 boda na korupcijskoj skali. Transparency International, čije sjedište se nalazi u Berlinu, ima 90 podružnica diljem svijeta. Organizacija surađuje s partnerima u vladama, tvrtkama i civilnom društvu, i to kako bi razvila i implementirala učinkovite mjere za borbu protiv korupcije. Čitav izvještaj može se pronaći na internetskoj stranici organizacije www.transparency.org.