http___www.kakolijeciti.com_odabirom-namirnica-kontrolirajte-krvni-tlak__1.xml
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.1 8.2 8.3 9.1 10.1 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.1 16.2 17.1 18.1 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.1 22.2 22.3 23.1 23.2 24.1
Hypertension/high blood pressure health centre Frequently asked questions about high blood pressure Around 30% of people have high blood pressure, also called hypertension. Here are answers to frequently asked questions about high blood pressure. What causes high blood pressure? While the cause of high blood pressure in most people remains unclear, a variety of conditions - such as getting little or no exercise, poor diet, obesity, older age and genetics - can lead to hypertension. What are systolic and diastolic blood pressures? The blood pressure reading is measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg) and is written as systolic pressure - the force of the blood against the artery walls as your heart beats - over diastolic pressure - the blood pressure between heartbeats. For example, a blood pressure reading is written as 120/80mmHg, or “120 over 80”. The systolic pressure is 120 and the diastolic pressure is 80. What is a normal blood pressure? Blood pressure measurements can be classified as: - Normal or ideal blood pressure is a systolic pressure of 120mmHg or less and a diastolic pressure of 80mmHg or less - Systolic pressure between 120-139mmHg or diastolic pressure between 80-89mmHg is normal but higher than it should be - Systolic blood pressure of consistently 140mmHg or more and/or diastolic blood pressure of consistently 90mmHg or more is hypertension (high blood pressure) What health problems are associated with high blood pressure? Several potentially serious health conditions are linked to high blood pressure, including: - Atherosclerosis: a disease of the arteries caused by a build-up of plaque, or fatty material, on the inside walls of the blood vessels. Hypertension contributes to this build-up by putting added stress and force on the artery walls. - Heart disease: heart failure (the heart can’t adequately pump blood), ischaemic heart disease (the heart tissue doesn’t get enough blood), and hypertensive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (enlarged heart) are all associated with high blood pressure. - Kidney disease: hypertension can damage the blood vessels and filters in the kidneys, so that the kidneys cannot excrete waste properly. - Stroke: hypertension can lead to stroke, either by contributing to the process of atherosclerosis (which can lead to blockages and/or clots), or by weakening the blood vessel wall and causing it to rupture. - Eye disease: hypertension can damage the very small blood vessels in the retina. How do I know if I have high blood pressure? High blood pressure usually doesn’t have any symptoms, so you usually don’t feel it. For that reason, hypertension is usually diagnosed by a health care professional on a routine visit. This is especially important if you have a close relative who has hypertension or you yourself have risk factors for it. If your blood pressure is extremely high, you may have unusually strong headaches, chest pain and heart failure (especially difficulty breathing and poor exercise tolerance). If you have any of these symptoms, seek medical advice immediately. WebMD Medical Reference
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.1 5.1 5.2 6.1 6.2 6.3 7.1 8.1 8.2 9.1 10.1 10.2 11.1 11.2 11.3 12.1
Visok krvni tlak, također poznat kao hipertenzija, najčešća je kardiovaskularna bolest. Dok god srce ubrzano kuca, pumpa se krv u arterije i tada je krvni tlak najveći. To se naziva sistolički tlak. Kad je srce u stanju mirovanja, između otkucaja, krvni tlak pada. Ovo je dijastolički tlak. Simptomi Većina ljudi s visokim krvnim tlakom ne osjeća simptome, iako malo ljudi u ranoj fazi visokog krvnog tlaka može da ima tupu glavobolju, vrtoglavice ili malo više od normalnog krvarenja iz nosa, ti znakovi i simptomi obično se ne pojavljuju sve dok visoki krvni tlak ne dostigne vrijednosti opasne po život. Normalan krvni tlak je 120/80, gdje je 120 sistolički (najviši) krvni tlak i 80 je dijastolički (najniži) krvni tlak. Kada je sistolički krvni tlak iznad 140 ili kada je dijastolički krvni tlak iznad 90, krvni tlak se smatra visokim. Hipertenzija može da bude uzrokovana raznim razlozima, kao što su: nasljednost, geni, visoka količina soli u ishrani, neaktivnost, gojaznost, prekomjerno ispijanje alkoholnih pića i/ili malo kalcija u ishrani. Hipertenzija je sve više rutinsko stanje u današnjem užurbanom životu. Mnogo ljudi je pretjerano debelo, prehrana je siromašna hranjivim tvarima, visoke su razine stresa, iako su neki ljudi genetski predisponirani za hipertenziju, postoji mnogo dokaza da zdrav stil života i dobra ishrana mogu da pomognu kod hipertenzije. Evo nekoliko savjeta kako da očuvate zdrav krvni tlak – Vegetarijanci, općenito, imaju niže razine krvnog tlaka i niži stupanj hipertenzije i drugih kardiovaskularnih bolesti. Stručnjaci smatraju da tipična vegetarijanska dijeta sadrži više kalija, složenih ugljikohidrata, polu nezasićenih masti, vlakna, kalcija, magnezija, vitamina C i vitamina A, od kojih svi mogu imati povoljan utjecaj na krvni tlak. – Jedite puno svježeg i smrznutog povrća, umjesto konzerviranog povrća. Ako koristite konzervirano povrće, isperite ga vodom na dvije do tri minute prije kuhanja. Ispiranje konzerviranog povrća smanjuje natrij za oko 40 posto. – Prehrana bogata vlaknima se pokazala djelotvornom u prevenciji i liječenju mnogih oblika kardiovaskularnih bolesti, uključujući i hipertenzije. – Pročitajte informacije na etiketi kako bi vidjeli količinu natrija. Naći ćete natrij u mg za jedno serviranje. – Odaberite proizvode sa smanjenom koncentracijom natrija. – Smanjenje težine će pomoći u snižavanju krvnog tlaka. Kako bi smanjili kalorije od masnoća, konzumirajte malo masne ili nemasne proizvode. – Prehrana bogata kalijem (povrće i voće) i masnim kiselinama je odličan izvor. Dnevni unos kalija trebao bi biti ukupno 7 grama dnevno. U ishrani bi trebalo biti malo zasićenih masnoća, šećera i soli. – Konzumirajte adekvatne količine kalcija uključujući malo masne mliječne proizvode tri puta dnevno.