http___www.intimatemedicine.com.hr_enciklopedija-seksualnosti_seksualnost_zdravlje-i-seks_teske-bolesti-i-seks_klinefelterov-sindrom-muskarce-osuduje-na-neplodnost__1.xml
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Genetics Channel Topics Quicklinks Related Channels Adults With Klinefelter Syndrome Research studies on adults with Klinefelter syndrome have shown that these men are more likely than others to have had psychological and scholastic problems in the past. However, research has also found that by the time these men reached their 40s, most of these problems had been resolved. Further research is needed on adults with Klinefelter syndrome to truly understand the effects of various treatments, but the fact that these men eventually overcame their difficulties is encouraging. Little is known about adults diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. Klinefelter syndrome research studies have focused largely on infants with Klinefelter syndrome. Because these studies were started recently, only a few of these individuals have reached adulthood. For men diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome during adulthood, one study found that a group of males diagnosed between the ages of 27 and 37 suffered a number of setbacks in comparison to a similar group of XY males. The XXY men were more likely to have had histories of scholastic failure, depression, and other psychological problems. They were also more likely to lack energy and enthusiasm. But by the time the men with Klinefelter syndrome had reached their 40s, most of their problems had improved. The majority said that their energy and activity levels had increased, that they were more productive on the job, and that their relationships with other people had improved. In fact, the only difference between the XY males and the XXY males was that the men with Klinefelter syndrome were less likely to have been married. That these men eventually overcame their troubled pasts is encouraging for all men with Klinefelter syndrome, and is particularly encouraging for those diagnosed in childhood. Had these men (diagnosed as adults) received counseling, support, and testosterone treatments beginning in childhood, these men might have avoided the difficulties of their 20s and 30s. Written by/reviewed by: Arthur Schoenstadt, MD Last reviewed by: Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
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Teške bolesti i seks Klinefelterov sindrom muškarce osuđuje na neplodnost Klinefelterov sindrom je genetska nepravilnost zbog koje muškarac postaje neplodan već u vrijeme puberteta. jlp Što znači Klinefelterov sindrom? Klinefelterov sindrom znači da muškarci imaju kariotip xxy, a ne uobičajeni xy. Fetus se zbog prisutnosti kromosoma y razvije u muškarca. Klinefelterov sindrom predstavlja prilično čest kromosomski poremećaj, koji se javlja kod svakog petstotog živorođenog dječaka. jlp Koje karakteristike imaju muškarci s Klinefelterovim sindromom? Muškarci koji se rode s Klinefelterovim sindromom imaju u vrijeme puberteta nisku vrijednost testosterona i višu vrijednost estrogena no što je to uobičajeno. Posljedica je nastanak ginekomastije, koja je kasnije prisutna kod jedne trećine odraslih muškaraca, što izraženo u postocima čini nešto viši postotak nego kod muškaraca s kariotipom xy. Mladići su visoki i mršavi. Kod tinejdžera manja je tjelesna dlakavost i slabija dlakavost brade. Karakteristična je smanjena mišićna snaga i masa. Razviju se mali testisi, koji nisu u stanju proizvoditi spermu. Prepoznavajući znak je i visok glas te mladolik izgled. I na kraju jedan je od krajnjih simptoma i povećanje vjerojatnosti oboljevanje od raka grudi. U muškaraca s Klinefelterovim sindromom čak je 20 puta veća vjerojatnost da će oboljeti od raka grudi no što je to kod muškaraca s kariotipom xy. Nešto prisutnija je i erektilna disfunkcija. Stupanj rizika od osteoporoze sličniji je stupnju rizika kod žena. Isto vrijedi i za naslage masti, koje se talože na onim dijelovima tijela koji su karakterističniji za žene. Zbog fizičke neopredjeljenosti (neizrazite spolne oznake zbog smanjene proizvodnje androgena) često se javlja depresija i osjećaj neprilagođenosti zbog fizičke neopredjeljenosti. jlp Liječenje Klinefelterovog sindroma Usprkos vanjskim prepoznatljivim znakovima, dijagnoza se, naravno, postavlja na drugačiji način - testiranjem kariotipa. Dijagnoza je potvrđena ukoliko se dodatni x kromosom nalazi u većini stanica. Potrebno je što prije započeti s liječenjem. Liječenje uključuje: nadomještanje testosterona, fizioterapiju, govornu terapiju i edukaciju o bolesti. Nadomjesna hormonska terapija testosteronom ne utječe na plodnost, na veličinu testisa ili na smanjenje grudi. No, utječe na mišićnu masu, rast dlaka i na libido. Liječenje je važno kako bi dječaci mogli odrasti u odrasle muškarce, koji žive normalnim seksualnim, društvenim i poslovnim životom. Najčešće se simptomi Klinefelterova sindroma pojavljuju u vrijeme puberteta, kada počinje zaostajati normalni spolni razvoj. Dosta slučajeva zbog toga uopće nije diagnosticirano ili im se dijagnoza postavlja tek u odrasloj dobi.