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Posted on February 22, 2015 7 Simple Steps To A Healthier Heart: Step 5 - Reduce Blood Sugar You can lower diabetes and heart disease risks by controlling Blood Sugar. Heart disease and stroke are the No. 1 causes of death and disability among people with type 2 diabetes. Blood glucose, or sugar, is an important fuel for your body. When it’s at the recommended level that’s normal, but when it’s too high that can lead to diabetes. Insulin is a hormone that is important for controlling blood glucose levels. But if your glucose levels become too high or too low, your body can have trouble producing a hormone called insulin that it needs to stay healthy. When your body doesn’t produce enough insulin or it doesn’t efficiently use the insulin it makes, your blood sugar may become too high. When this happens, your body’s cells cannot use the sugar in your blood and the cells can be starved for energy. Over time, high blood sugar levels can damage your eyes, kidneys, nerves or heart. That’s why managing your blood sugar level is one of what the American Heart Association calls Life’s Simple 7® — key health factors and behaviors that keep your heart healthy, lower your risk of heart disease and stroke, and improve your quality of life. Learn About Diabetes Knowing your blood sugar numbers is the first step to managing your blood glucose, and your best chance at preventing diabetes, said Robert H. Eckel, MD, professor of medicine at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and a past president of the American Heart Association. If you're at least 45 years old, you should get tested for diabetes, and then you should be tested again every 3 years. If you're 45 or older and overweight (Calculate your Body Mass Index) you may want to get tested more often.. Other risk factors include a family history of diabetes, a history of gestational diabetes or delivering a baby over 9 pounds, or if you are of African-American, Asian-American, Latino/Hispanic-American, Native American or Pacific Islander descent. “If your mother or father has type 2 diabetes, your risk of developing it increases by two- to four-fold,” Dr. Eckel said. Tests for diabetes are done by checking the blood, in some cases after a period of fasting. Learn more about the risk factors for diabetes, as well as prediabetes and insulin resistance, and how you can lower your risks for developing it. Type 1 diabetes, which was previously known as juvenile diabetes because it is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, occurs when the pancreas makes little or no insulin. It prevents your body from taking the blood glucose it gets from food into cells to fuel the body. It is a chronic, lifelong disease that can strike at any age, and it requires daily insulin injections for a person to survive – which is why it is often referred to as “insulin-dependent diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for more than 90 percent of cases, and occurs when the body develops “insulin resistance.” With insulin resistance your body can’t efficiently use the insulin it makes and then the pancreas can gradually lose its capacity to produce insulin. Type 2 diabetes can occur when these inabilities worsen, and the body cannot respond to the increased blood glucose. Type 2 diabetes can be prevented if caught early enough and is treatable with both lifestyle changes and medication. Symptoms of both types of diabetes include increased thirst and appetite, fatigue, blurred vision, increased urination, and weight loss. Prediabetes doesn’t have symptoms, so if you have a family history of type 2 diabetes or heart disease, or any other risk factors described above then it’s important to be tracking your blood sugar so you can make changes if it’s too high before it develops into full-blown diabetes. Take Action Diabetes is manageable, but even when glucose levels are under control diabetes greatly increases your risk of heart disease and stroke. In fact, most people with diabetes die from some form of heart or blood vessel disease. Heart disease and stroke are the No. 1 causes of death and disability among people with type 2 diabetes. If you’ve been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, take the American Heart Association’s My Diabetes Health Assessment to better understand your risks. If your doctor says you need medications or insulin injections, it’s important to take them as prescribed. A major risk factor for developing prediabetes or diabetes is being overweight or obese. “The more fat you have on board, the more likely you are to develop diabetes,” Dr. Eckel said. But even if you have a family history of the disease, type 2 diabetes may be delayed or controlled with diet and exercise, and even modest weight loss can make a difference. “The more weight you can lose, the better the outcome, but losing 5 percent, and keeping it off, can be effective at lowering glucose levels,” Dr. Eckel said. Work to get your weight into a healthy range by eating a heart-healthy diet. Start a food diary to get a clear picture of your eating habits and avoid eating sugary things such as soda, juice, candy or other desserts that can cause blood sugar to spike. Getting regular physical activity is also important. Fitting in moderate exercise, such as brisk walking, for 30 minutes a day 5 days a week can make a big impact on your health. If you’re too busy to find a 30-minute block of time, try splitting into two 15-minute sessions or even three 10-minute sessions. Managing stress, moderate alcohol consumption and avoiding tobacco products can also play a big role in keeping your blood sugar at a healthy level. These three lifestyle factors help more than just blood sugar too – they also improve blood pressure and overall cardiovascular health. Make sure to Visit our blog tomorrow for Step 6: Healthy Weight. Check Out Our Top Nutritional Supplement for a Healthier Heart & Anti-Aging, MARINE D-3. Short Video Below If you like these tips make sure to check out our Facebook Page and Youtube Channel for more stories on Inspired Living! Facebook Page: www.facebook.com/MarineEssentialsUSA Youtube Channel: www.youtube.com/user/marineessentials1
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Dijabetes tip 2 – uzroci, simptomi i liječenje Dijabetes tipa 2 je kronično stanje koje utječe na način na koji vaše tijelo metabolizira šećer (glukozu), glavni izvor goriva za vaše tijelo. Sa dijabetesom tipa 2 vaše tijelo se odupire učinku inzulina ili ne proizvodi dovoljno inzulina za održavanje normalne razine glukoze. Ukoliko se ova bolest ne liječi može biti opasna za život. Više čest kod odraslih, dijabetes tipa 2 uvećano utječe na djecu koja su pretila u djetinjstvu. Nema lijeka za ovu bolest, ali možete kontrolirati stanje pravilnom prehranom, vježbom i održavanjem zdrave težine. Ako dijeta i vježbe ne pomažu u kontroli vaše razine šećera u krvi biti će vam potrebni lijekovi za dijabetes ili terapija inzulinom. Simptomi dijabetesa tipa 2 Simptomi dijabetesa tipa 2 se mogu razvijati vrlo polako. Čak možete imati ovu bolest godinama i to ne primijetiti. Najčešći simptomi su: - Povećana žeđ i učestalo mokrenje – višak šećera koji se nakuplja u vašem krvotoku uzrokuje da se tekućina izvlači iz tkiva i to vas radi žednim. Kao rezultat toga, mokriti ćete puno češće. - Povećana glad – bez dovoljno inzulina koji pomiče šećer u stanice, vaši mišići i organi mogu postati gladni za energijom. To izaziva jaku glad. - Gubitak težine – unatoč tome što jedete više nego obično da bi utažili glad, moguće da ćete početi gubiti težinu. Bez mogućnosti da se glukoza metabolizira, tijelo koristi alternativna goriva koja su pohranjena u mišićima i masti što dovodi do gubitka težine. - Umor – ako su vaše stanice lišene šećera, možete postati umorni i razdražljivi. - Zamagljen vid – ako je razina šećera u vašoj krvi previsoka, tekućina se može izvući iz leće u vašim očima. To može utjecati na vaš vid. - Spora ozdravljenja i učestale infekcije – tip 2 dijabetesa utječe na vašu sposobnost da se liječite i otjerate infekcije. - Područja tamne kože – neke osobe sa dijabetesom tipa 2 imaju tamne mrlje na koži i naborima njihova tijela – najčešće ispod pazuha i na vratu. Ovo stanje, koje se zove acanthosis nigricans, može biti znak otpora na inzulin. Kontaktirajte vašeg liječnika čim primijetite neke od znakova dijabetesa tipa 2. Uzroci dijabetesa tipa 2 Tip 2 dijabetesa razvija se kada tijelo postane otporno na inzulin ili kada gušterača prestane proizvoditi dovoljno inzulina. Točan razlog zbog kojega do ovoga dolazi nije poznat, iako su prekomjerna težina i neaktivnost vrlo česti faktori. Kako radi inzulin Inzulin je hormon koji dolazi iz gušterače, žlijezde koja je smještena iza i ispod trbuha. - Gušterača izlučuje inzulin u krvotok. - Inzulin cirkulira, omogućujući šećeru da uđe u vaše stanice. - Inzulin snižava količinu šećera u krvotoku. - Kako vaša razina šećera u krvi opada, isto tako opada i izlučivanje inzulina iz gušterače. Uloga glukoze Glukoza je glavni izvor energije za stanice koje čine mišiće i ostala tkiva. - Glukoza dolazi iz dva glavna izvora: hrane i vaše jetre. - Šećer se apsorbira u krvotok gdje ulazi u stanice uz pomoć inzulina. - Vaša jetra pohranjuje i radi glukozu. - Kada je razina inzulina niska jetra pretvara pohranjeni glikogen u glukozu da bi se razina glukoze održava unutar normalnog raspona. Kod dijabetesa tipa 2, ovaj proces radi nepravilno. Umjesto da se kreće u vaše stanice, šećer se nakuplja u vašem krvotoku. U mnogo rjeđem dijabetesu tipa 1, gušterača proizvodi malo ili nimalo inzulina. Liječenje dijabetesa tipa 2 Liječenje dijabetesa tipa 2 zahtjeva doživotnu predanost za: - praćenje šećera u krvi - zdravu prehranu - redovitu vježbu - terapiju inzulinom Ovi koraci će vam pomoći u održavanju razine šećera u krvi normalnom, što može odgoditi ili spriječiti komplikacije. Praćenje šećera u krvi Ovisno o vašem planu liječenja, možete provjeriti ili zabilježiti razinu šećera u krvi jednom dnevno ili nekoliko puta tjedno. Pitajte vašeg liječnika koliko često želi provjeriti razinu šećera u krvi. Pažljivo praćenje je jedini način da budete sigurni da je razina šećera u vašoj krvi unutar normalnog okvira. Čak i kada jedete na kruti raspored, količina šećera u krvi se može nepredvidivo mijenjati. Uz pomoć svojega tima za liječenje dijabetesa, naučiti ćete kako vaša razina šećera u krvi reagira u odnosu sa: - Hranom – što i koliko jedete može utjecati na razinu šećera u krvi. Ta razina je obično najviša do otprilike dva sata nakon obroka. - Fizička aktivnost – fizička aktivnost seli šećer iz krvi u vaše stanice. Što ste više aktivni to je manja razina šećera u krvi. - Lijekovi – bilo koji lijekovi koje uzimate mogu utjecati na šećer u krvi, ponekad čak zahtijevajući promjenu u vašem liječenju dijabetesa. - Bolest – tijekom prehlade ili neke druge bolesti, vaše tijelo proizvodi hormone koji povećavaju razinu šećera u krvi. - Alkohol – alkohol i tvari koje koristite za pravljenje miješanih pića mogu izazvati visok ili nizak šećer u krvi, ovisno koliko pijete i dali jedete u isto vrijeme. - Stres – hormoni koje vaše tijelo može proizvesti kao reakciju na stres mogu spriječiti inzulin da radi ispravno. - Za žene, oscilacije u razinama hormona – kako se vaši hormoni mijenjaju tijekom menstrualnog ciklusa tako se mijenja i razina šećera u krvi, posebno u tjednu prije menstruacije. Menopauza može oscilacije u razini šećera u krvi. Ovaj članak ima više stranica: