http___www.klokanica.hr_jaslicka-dob_zdravlje_je-li-vase-dijete-pasivni-pusac-131_1.xml
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Breathing in second-hand smoke can lead to serious health problems, increasing the risk of developing lung cancer by up to a quarter. Passive smoking is particularly harmful to young children, pregnant women and unborn babies. Since July 2007 smoking in a public place such as a bar or restaurant has been made illegal with the aim to reduce the effects and dangers of passive smoking as it has been known to cause irritation to the eyes, throat, lungs and nose. According to Cancer Research UK, “second-hand smoke kills over 12,000 people in the UK” every year which is why it is advised to be aware of the dangers associated with passive smoking. Smoke lingers Smoke tends to stay in the air for up to 2.5 hours. Opening a window will help slightly but the smoke will remain present in the room despite having a window or door open. Not being able to smell or see the smoke from a put-out cigarette does not necessarily mean that the smoke has gone. To avoid the presence of smoke and harmful chemicals lingering in the air, consider vaping as an alternative. Phoenix E-Cigarettes, for an example, have a range of different flavours and varieties of model. These are a lot safer than regular cigarettes because they don’t have any smoke which means the risks of passive smoking from an e-cigarette are literally non-existent. Chemicals found in smoke The NHS states that there are over 4,000 chemicals in second-hand smoke and many of these harsh irritants and toxins are known to cause cancer. There are two different types of smoke, sidestream and mainstream. Sidestream smoke derives from the burning tip of a cigarette whilst mainstream smoke is inhaled through the mouth from the end of a cigarette. Both are toxic to some extent, but sidestream smoke contains three times as much carbon monoxide, making it far more harmful. Better Health states that just “30 minutes of exposure to second-hand smoke can affect how your blood vessels regulate blood flow,” emphasising just how serious the dangers of passive smoking can be. Children and passive smoking Children seem to be the worst affected when it comes to passive smoking. Younger children, in particular, are more likely to develop various health problems such as asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, meningitis, middle ear infection, colds and coughs. Breathing in second-hand smoke is also believed to increase the risk of cot death, one of the more serious dangers associated with passive smoking. Pregnant women are also in danger of developing severe health problems due to second-hand smoke. The smoke can not only damage the mother’s health but that of her unborn child. The chances of having complications at birth is dramatically increased and these risks are heightened further if a mother smokes herself during her pregnancy. Possible implications include miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth and SUDI (Sudden Unexpected Deaths in Infants). If this isn’t enough to convince you of the extreme dangers of passive smoking, it also increases the risk of heart disease, strokes and heart attacks in adults. The editorial unit Photo: Iqbal Osman
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Oko 55 posto djece čiji roditelji puše, postat će i sami pušači, jer je roditelj prvi uzor svojem djetetu. No čak i kad bi vaše dijete bilo u preostalih 45 posto, ako pušite, izlažete ga ozbiljnim zdravstvenim rizicima pasivnog pušenja. Pasivno pušenje može biti gore od aktivnog Pasivno pušenje je nevoljno udisanje duhanskog dima, bilo da se radi o osobi u blizini pušača, ili o nerođenom djetetu u trudnice koja sama puši ili je u blizini pušača. Izloženost pasivnom pušenju značajno je veća nego što većina ljudi može pretpostaviti. Pri pasivnom pušenju osobe su izložene raznim dimovima sagorijevanja duhana. Glavnu struju dima pušač uvlači kroz cigaretu, uglavnom preko filtera, direktno u svoja pluća, a sporedna struja dima predstavlja dim cigarete koji se odvaja sa zažarenog vrška cigarete. Dim koji ostaje u zraku nakon što se cigareta ugasi zovemo duhanski dim iz okoliša i on je smjesa sporedne struje dima s gorućeg kraja cigarete i dima koji izdiše pušač nakon uvučenog dima cigareta u svoja pluća. Neke supstancije duhanskog dima promijene se nakon kontakta s enzimima ljudskih tkiva, i tek tada postaju kancerogene. Dim ostaje u prostoriji sljedećih osam sati! Prema podacima Europske unije iz 2004. godine duhanski dim iz okoliša smatra se drugim najčešćim uzrokom izloženosti kancerogenima, nakon solarnog zračenja. U tom dimu nalazi se veća koncentracija kancerogena, nego u glavnoj struji dima. Dim od cigarete ostaje u zraku prostorije sljedećih 8 sati! Na svake četiri popušene cigarete u zajedničkoj prostoriji, pasivni pušač dobiva količinu štetnih sastojaka dima cigareta kao da je sam popušio jednu cigaretu. Ako je riječ o malom djetetu, koje ima četiri puta manje tijelo od odraslog čovjeka, ispada da ono kao pasivni pušač popuši svaku cigaretu kao osoba pokraj njega. Povećana osjetljivost na infekcije i kronične bolesti dišnog sustava Kad je riječ o posljedicama pasivnog pušenja za zdravlje djece, trebamo znati da djeca roditelja pušača imaju teže oblike astme, a općenito češće obolijevaju od infekcija gornjeg i donjeg dišnog sustava, poput akutne i kronične upale srednjeg uha, krajnika, upale pluća. Također, djeca u obiteljima u kojima se puši, imaju nižu plućnu funkciju, te ne ostvare svoj potencijal razvoja pluća i dišnih putova. Kasnije kroz život, iza 30. godine, počinju fiziološki gubitak plućne funkcije s niže točke, a ako sami puše i ubrzani gubitak plućne funkcije. U tom se slučaju kod njih često razvija kronična opstruktivna plućna bolest (KOPB), teška kronična bolest pluća, koja vodi u invalidnost i preuranjenu smrt. Uz sve to, djeca roditelja pušača imaju i lošije prehrambene navike i prosječno su manje aktivna nego djeca roditelja nepušača.