http___www.jutarnji.hr_znanstvenici-otkrili-jeku-velikog-praska-kojim-je-nastao-svemir_1174521__1.xml
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From the UK Telegraph. Excerpt: Space-time ripples left over from the Big Bang have been picked up for the first time by Harvard scientists. Astrophysicists have been hunting for ‘primordial gravitational waves’ since they were predicted by Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity in 1916. Today, after days of rumour and speculation, scientists from the Harvard-Smithsonian Centre announced they had recorded the first direct evidence of gravitational waves rippling through the infant universe. “The implications for this detection stagger the mind,” said project leader Jamie Bock. “We are measuring a signal that comes from the dawn of time.” Our universe burst into existence 13.8 billion years ago. Fractions of a second later, space and time were created, expanding exponentially in an episode known as ‘inflation’. It was theorized that inflation should also produce gravitational waves – ripples in space-time which spread throughout the universe. “Think of the ripples you see when you throw a stone into a pond,” said Professor Martin Hendry of the department of Physics and Astronomy at the Univesity of Glasgow. “But these aren’t ripples on the surface of the water, they are gravitational waves emitted billions of years ago, rippling through the fabric of space and time itself, in the universe’s earliest moments. “We always suspected they were still washing about but we haven’t been able to detect them. The signal was found using a specialised telescope called Bicep (Background Imaging of Cosmic Extragalactic Polarization) at the South Pole. It scans the sky at microwave frequencies, where it picks up light energy from slightly after the Big Bang – around 380,000 years later. Scientists have been searching for tiny ripples in this light which would show it is being slightly stretched by gravitational waves. We have had a string of solid, recent scientific discoveries that support the idea that the universe came into existence at some point in the finite past, as follows: - Einstein’s theory of general relativity, and the scientific confirmation of its accuracy - measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation - red-shifting of light from galaxies moving away from us - radioactive element abundance predictions (from supernovae) - helium/hydrogen abundance predictions (nuclear fusion) - star formation and stellar lifecycle theories - the second law of thermodynamics This new discovery is building on #2 above – the cosmic microwave background radiation. What came into being at the moment of creation? As the article states, space was created and time began at the first moment. - There was no space causally prior to the universe beginning to exist - There was no time causally prior to the universe beginning to exist - There was no matter causally prior to the universe beginning to exist All of these things began to exist at the first moment. What can we infer about the cause? So, space, time, and matter began to exist. What could have caused them to begin to exist? - Whatever causes the universe to appear is not inside of space, because there was no space causally prior to the creation event. The cause must therefore be non-physical, because physical things exist in space. - Whatever causes the universe to appear is not bound by time (temporal). It never began to exist. There was no passage of time causally prior to the big bang, so the cause of the universe did not come into being. The cause existed eternally. - And the cause is not material. All the matter in the universe came into being at the first moment. Whatever caused the universe to begin to exist cannot have been matter, because there was no matter causally prior to the big bang. So what could the cause be? Dr. William Lane Craig notes that we are only familiar with two kinds of non-material realities: - Abstract objects, like numbers, sets and mathematical relations - Minds, like your own mind Now, abstract objects don’t cause of any effects in nature. But we are very familiar with the causal capabilities of our own minds – just raise your own arm and see! So, by process of elimination, we are left with a mind as the cause of the universe. As Sherlock Holmes says, “When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.“ This cause created the entire physical universe. The cause of this event is therefore supernatural, because it brings nature into being and is not inside of nature itself. The cause of the universe violates the law of conservation of matter is therefore a miracle. And when we do our science, we find evidence of it. Filed under: Polemics, Apologetics, Atheism, BICEP, Big Bang, CMB, Conservation of Matter, Cosmic Microwave Background Radiiation, Cosmological Argument, Cosmology, Progress of Science
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OTKRIĆE ZA NOBELA DOKAZANA ZADNJA EINSTEINOVA TEORIJA Otkrivena jeka Velikog praska kojim je počeo svemir Riječ je o minijaturnim mreškanjima u tkivu svemira koja kroz prostor prenose energiju, poput valova koji putuju oceanima Znanstvenici iz Centra za astrofiziku Harvard-Smithsonian jučer su potvrdili da su došli do epohalnog otkrića na području kozmologije i fizike elementarnih čestica - pronašli su primordijalne gravitacijske valove, svojevrsnu jeku Velikog praska kojim je prije 13,82 milijarde godina nastao svemir. Gravitacijski valovi posljednje su nepotvrđeno predviđanje Einsteinove Opće teorije relativnosti. Riječ je o minijaturnim mreškanjima u tkivu svemira koja kroz prostor prenose energiju, otprilike jednako načinu na koji valovi putuju oceanima. Već godinama se zna da bi nepobitni dokazi o njihovu postojanju sigurno doveli do Nobelove nagrade, a svim ostalim znanstvenicima to otkriće pruža prvi uvid u rađanje svemira. Veliko otkriće Signal je navodno pronašao specijalizirani teleskop nazvan Bicep (Background Imaging of Cosmic Extragalactic Polarization), smješten na Južnom polu. Bicep skenira nebo mikrovalnim frekvencijama i prikuplja fosilnu energiju zaostalu od Velikog praska. Kozmolozi već desetljećima nagađaju da bi se otisak primordijalnih gravitacijskih valova mogao “nalijepiti” upravo na takvu radijaciju. - To je sveti gral kozmologije. Veliko, veliko, veliko otkriće - rekla je Hiranya Peiris, kozmologinja s londonskog University Collegea. Prema teoriji, primordijalni gravitacijski valovi trebali bi znanstvenicima otkriti detalje o prvom trenutku stvaranja svemira, koji je dosad bio u sferi spekulacija. Kozmolozi vjeruju da se 10^(-34) sekunde nakon Velikog praska svemir naglo proširio. Ta teorija, poznata kao inflacija, služila je kao objašnjenje za uniformnu strukturu svemira, ali uvijek joj je nedostajalo vjerodostojnosti jer nije bilo fizičkih dokaza koji bi objasnili zašto su se stvari dogodile tako kako su se dogodile. - Primordijalni gravitacijski valovi su dugo smatrani neoborivim dokazom inflacije. To je nešto najbliže dokazu te teorije što će ikada postojati - kazala je Hiranya Peiris. Vrhunac karijere Naime, kozmolozi vjeruju da je jedino inflacija mogla pojačati primordijalne gravitacijske valove u signal koji se može uhvatiti. Ekstrahiranje tog signala, međutim, iznimno je komplicirano. Mikrovalovi koji ga nose morali su proći cijeli svemir prije dolaska na Zemlju. Na tom putu na njih su utjecali grozdovi galaksija. - To bi se moglo usporediti s promatranjem svemira kroz staklo s mjehurićima. Distorzije se moraju ukloniti na vrlo uvjerljiv način da bi itko mogao tvrditi da je došao do otkrića. Kome god to pođe za rukom, dosegnut će vrhunac znanstvene karijere - istaknuo je Duncan Hanson sa Sveučilišta McGill u kanadskome Montrealu, koji radi na teleskopu Južni pol, rivalu Bicepa smještenome odmah pokraj njega. FACEBOOK KOMENTARI NA LETU ZA ALŽIR ALŽIRCI POTVRDILI RUŠENJE AVIONA SA 122 LJUDI 'Pilot je zbog oluje tražio promjenu rute!' RECIKLAŽA JE GNJAVAŽA?