http___www.intimatemedicine.com.hr_seks-i-zdravlje_krv-u-urinu-zasto-se-dogada__1.xml
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When blood gets into a person's urine, doctors call it hematuria (hee-ma-TUR-ee-uh). Hematuria is pretty common, and most of the time it's not serious. Urine is one way our bodies get rid of waste products. The process starts in the kidneys, which remove excess fluids and waste from the blood and turn them into urine. The urine then flows through tubes called ureters into the bladder, where it's stored until we pee it out. If blood cells leak into the urine at any part of the process, it causes hematuria. There are two kinds of hematuria: Teens can get hematuria for many reasons. The more common causes are: Other reasons why teens get hematuria are menstruation, vigorous exercise, injuries to the kidneys or urinary tract, and the use of certain medicines — like some over-the-counter pain relievers. Many athletes, especially distance runners, get hematuria from time to time. In rare cases, hematuria can be a sign of something more serious, like a blood disease or a blood clot. If something like that is going on, hematuria will usually be one of many other symptoms. Very occasionally, what looks like hematuria might be something else. It's possible (though unlikely) that things like food dye, beets, or certain medications can make a person's urine look red. If you ever see blood in your urine, don't panic. Chances are, it's no big deal, but you'll want to be sure. So tell your mom or dad and see a doctor. If you need treatment, it's good to get started right away. If you see a doctor about blood in your urine or if microscopic hematuria shows up on a urine test, the doctor will give you a physical examination. He or she will ask you and your parent questions about recent activities and family medical history. You'll probably need to provide a urine sample, which means peeing in a cup. If the urine test comes back negative, the doctor will probably want another urine sample 1-2 weeks later to make sure the urine is free of red blood cells. If hematuria only happens once, there's usually no need for any treatment. What if tests show you have microscopic hematuria? If you don't have any symptoms like pain or fever, you haven't had a recent injury, and there's no protein in your urine, your doctor will repeat a urine test several times over a few months to see if you still have blood in your urine. If urine samples point to something more serious or you've had a recent injury, you'll probably need additional tests, such as a urine culture (more peeing in a cup!), or imaging tests like an MRI or CT scan. Occasionally, doctors need to remove a tiny piece of kidney tissue for testing (biopsy) or use instruments to check inside your body. Most teens don't need any kind of treatment for hematuria. When it's due to an infection, doctors might treat it with antibiotics. If hematuria is a sign of something more serious — like sickle cell disease — doctors will treat that condition. If you've been treated for hematuria, your doctor will probably want you to get follow-up tests after treatment to make sure your urine is free of red blood cells. People who get blood in their urine more than once but have no other signs of illness may need urine tests and physical exams every few months for a year and yearly after that as a precautionary measure. If the hematuria goes away, your doctor may still want to check your urine once a year. Reviewed by: Robert S. Mathias, MD Date reviewed: May 2013 What to expect when coming to Akron Children's For healthcare providers and nurses Residency & Fellowships, Medical Students, Nursing and Allied Health For prospective employees and career-seekers Our online community that provides inspirational stories and helpful information.
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KRV U URINU: Zašto se događa? Jeste li znali da čovjek mokrenjem izluči u prosjeku do milijun crvenih krvnih zrnaca dnevno? Mikroskopska hematurija ne može se vidjeti golim okom. Hematurija Hematurija je prisutnost krvi u urinu. Prisutnost krvi u urinu je dosta čest problem. U nekim slučajevima, krv u mokraći ukazuje na ozbiljan problem urinarnog trakta, a ponekad i stvar nije tako ozbiljna i ne zahtijeva liječenje. Krv u mokraći nije uvijek vidljiva. Kada je mala količina krvi u urinu to je normalno. U takvim slučajevima, krv je vidljiva samo pod mikroskopom, otuda i ime - mikroskopska hematurija. Kada je količina krvi u urinu velika, ona se očituje i vidljiva je, urin je crvene ili smeđe boje . Zanemariva količina krvi u mokraći je normalna. Zdrava osoba izlučujeu prosjeku do milijun crvenih krvnih zrnaca dnevno. Takva količina krvi u mokraći se ne vidi i ne smatra se hematurijom. Abnormalne količine krvi u mokraći mogu biti akutne, kronične ili se javljaju iznenada i prisutne su neko vrijeme. Ponekad mokraća može biti crveno obojena zbog nekih lijekova ili hrane, pa nemojte donositi zaključke prebrzo. Žene su sklonije razviti Hematuriju više nego muškaraci, jer češće oboljevaju od upala mjehura. Osim očitog simptoma krvi u mokraći pojavljuju se i bolovi u trbuhu. Zašto se krv pojavljuje u urinu? Hematuria ima nekoliko mogućih uzroka. Može biti zbog infekcije, urinarne infekcije i ozljede urinarnog trakta. Mikroskopska hematurija je znak oštećenje gornjeg urinarnog traka (bubreg), dok je vidljiva krv znak povrede donjeg dijela trakta (mokraćne cijevi, mjehura, uretera). Najčešći razlog zašto osobe ispod 40 godina imaju problema s tim su bubrežni kamenaci ili infekcije. Naravno, ovo je moguće u dobi od 40 godina, ali tada postoji uzrok zabrinutosti oko raka bubrega ili donjeg dijela mokraćnog sustava. Kada su u šitanju lijekovi, krv u mokraći može se pojaviti kao posljedica uzimanja pojedinih antibiotika i analgetika kao što je aspirin. Razlozi mogu uključivati bolesti prostate, neke kronične bolesti, virusne bolesti ili prenaporno vježbanje. Ponekad je krv u mokraći posljedica prenaporne vježbe. Simptomi Osim krvi u mokraći, mogu se pojaviti u drugi simptomi koji će pomoći u identificiranju uzroka: bolovi u trbuhu, peckanje tijekom mokrenja, temperatura, slabost tijela, povraćanje, gubitak težine i smanjen apetit. Liječenje Ako primijetite krv u mokraći ne oklijevajte posjetiti liječnika i ne pokušavajte to rješavati sami doma. U slučaju upale, liječenje antibioticima, u slučaju bubrežnih kamenaca, morate piti puno tekućine, a liječnik će vjerojatno također predložiti tablete za ublažavanje bolova. U slučaju benignog povećanja prostate ponekad pomaže izbacivanje određene hrane ili lijekova koji iritiraju prostatu. Neki lijekovi boje urin, bez da bi uzrokovali hematuria. Kada hematuria uzrokuje blokadu u urinarnom traktu, potrebno je ukloniti blokade. U većini slučajeva se to radi operacijom. Različite rane ili ozljede mokraćnog sastava često izliječe same od sebe. Obavezno odite liječniku da vam prepiše lijekove ili poduzme što je potrebno. Daljnji koraci Obično se potrebno vratiti liječniku, te ponoviti analizu urina kako bi bili sigurni da nema hematurije. Kada je krv u mokraći dugo vremena, i unatoč postupcima ne nestaje vjerojatno ćete morati posjetiti urologa. Potrebno je piti puno tekućine i uzimati lijekove prema preporukama liječnika.