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Zika Precautions Urged for Georgia Travelers ATLANTA - The Georgia Department of Public Health (DPH) cautions travelers, especially women who are pregnant, headed to countries where Zika virus transmission is ongoing: Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Martinique, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Suriname, Venezuela, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, among others. No locally transmitted Zika cases have been reported in Georgia or anywhere in the United States, but cases have been reported in returning travelers. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is currently testing specimens from several Georgia residents with travel history to the affected areas. There are urgent concerns about Zika virus infection and pregnant women. Zika virus infections have been confirmed in infants with microcephaly and in the current outbreak in Brazil, a marked increase in the number of infants born with microcephaly has been reported. Pregnant women or women trying to get pregnant should not travel to areas where Zika virus transmission is ongoing. Pregnant women who have traveled to these areas should consult their physician immediately. Health care providers should ask all pregnant women about recent travel. Zika virus is spread to people through mosquito bites. Zika virus is not spread human to human. The most common symptoms of Zika virus disease are fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis (red eyes). The illness is usually mild with symptoms lasting from several days to a week. Severe disease requiring hospitalization is uncommon. Most people infected with Zika virus never know they are sick. Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to treat Zika. Travelers should check CDC travel advisories for their destinations and take precautions to protect themselves from mosquitos: - Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants - Use EPA-registered insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE), or IR3535 (use as directed) - Use permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents) - Stay and sleep in screened-in or air-conditioned room The number of Zika cases among travelers visiting or returning to the United States will likely increase. These imported cases could result in local spread of the virus in some areas of the country, including Georgia. “It is extremely important that individuals who have traveled to countries where there are on-going Zika virus outbreaks keep guard against additional mosquito bites,” said Cherie Drenzek, D.V. M, state epidemiologist for DPH. “During the first week or so of infection, Zika virus can be passed from an infected person to another mosquito through mosquito bites. An infected mosquito can then transmit the virus to other people.” Zika virus is transmitted to people primarily through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito which can be found in Georgia. The mosquitos bite mostly during the daytime, they do not fly very far, and tend to live around homes. The mosquitos breed in containers so removing them or dumping out standing water at least once a week, or using larvicides such as mosquito dunks or mosquito torpedoes in water that cannot be dumped out, will reduce the number of these mosquitoes. For more information about Zika virus and current travel advisories, visit dph.georgia.gov or cdc.gov/zika.
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Na www.medscape.com objavljene su privremene smjernice i preporuke vezano uz Zika virus, za 2016. godinu, a koje su predložene od strane Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Na infekciju Zika virusom mora se posumnjati u osobe koja živi ili je putovala u zahvaćeno područje (uglavnom Latinska Amerika) u posljednja 2 tjedna, a ima 2 ili više od slijedeća četiri simptoma: vrućica, osip, konjunkitivitis (crvene oči) ili artralgija (bol u zglobovima). Muškarac kojem je partnerica trudna, a živi ili je posjetio područje gdje komarci prenose Zika virus, trebao bi koristiti kondom ili apstinirati od spolnih odnosa za cijelo vrijeme trajanja trudnoće. Trudnice koje su posjetile zahvaćeno područje, trebale bi se testirati na Zika virus, čak ako i nemaju simptoma infekcije. Muškarcima i ženama kojima je dijagnosticirana Zika infekcija, ili imaju simptome Zika infekcije nakon moguće izloženosti Zika virusu, preporuča se slijedeće: - Žene ne bi smjele planirati trudnoću najmanje 8 tjedana od pojave simptoma - Muškarci ne bi smjeli imati nezaštićeni spolni odnos najmanje 6 mjeseci od pojave simptoma (taj interval je preporučen na temelju ograničenih saznanja o prisutnosti Zika virusa u ejakulatu, a dobiven je tako da se dosad najduži period u kojem je potvrđen Zika virus u sjemenu zaraženog muškarca pomnožio sa 3) - Za muškarce i žene bez znakova Zika infekcije, ali s mogućom izloženošću Zika virusu ( putovanje u zahvaćeno područje ili nezaštićeni spolni odnos sa zaraženom osobom), preporuča se da odgode planiranje trudnoće najmanje 8 tjedana iza moguće izloženosti Zika virusu - Parovima u kojima muškarac živi u zahvaćenom području, a nije razvio simptome infekcije, preporuča se da koriste kondome ili apstiniraju od spolnih odnosa, dok god postoji aktivni prijenos Zika virusa Zasad još nisu dokumentirani slučajevi prijenosa Zika virusa u postupcima medicinski potpomognute oplodnje, ali prijenos putem doniranih gameta ili zametaka je teoretski moguć. Zika virus se ne uništava prilikom procesa kriopohrane. Zbog toga, prema preporuci Food and Drug Administration, donori sjemena ili jajnih stanica ne mogu biti osobe sa bilo kojim od slijedećih rizičnih faktora: dijagnoza Zika infekcije u posljednjih 6 mjeseci; prebivalište ili putovanje u područje zahvaćeno aktivnim prijenosom Zika infekcije u posljednjih 6 mjeseci; unutar 6 mjeseci spolni odnos sa muškarcem koji je u periodu od 6 mjeseci prije spolnog odnosa bio zaražen Zika virusom ili je putovao u područje aktivnog prijenosa Zika virusa.