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For Immediate Release December 11, 2007 Southern Nevada Health District reports five cases of mumps LAS VEGAS – The Southern Nevada Health District Office of Epidemiology has identified five cases of mumps in Clark County over the past several weeks. The number of cases indicates that the mumps virus is circulating locally and there are reported outbreaks in other parts of the country. The health district advises anyone who appears to have symptoms of mumps to visit a health care professional for an accurate diagnosis and recommends contacting the physician’s office for special instructions, if any, to prevent other patients or staff from infection. Anyone with the illness should not attend school, childcare, work or other public gatherings for at least nine days after the onset of swelling of the glands on the jaw and/or near the ears. For more information, contact the Office of Epidemiology, (702) 759-1300 or visit www.SouthernNevadaHealthDistrict.org. Mumps is a viral illness that is found globally. People exposed to the mumps virus might not become ill or they might have one or more of a variety of symptoms. Swelling of one or more of the glands on the side of the face or close to the jaw commonly occurs. Other symptoms might include: - Muscle pain - Loss of appetite - Tiredness - Headache - Low-grade fever The symptoms usually appear within 14 to 18 days after contact with the virus, but can range between 12 and 25 days. The virus is spread by breathing it in after an infected individual coughs or sneezes or if someone comes into direct contact with the saliva of an infected person. An infected person is contagious starting three days before symptoms begin until up to nine days afterwards. Anyone who is infected with the virus but not having symptoms can also spread it. “The current increase in mumps cases is an opportunity for us to remind everyone that the disease has not been eradicated. Vaccination is the best way to protect yourself and your children from infection,” said Dr. Lawrence Sands, the health district’s chief health officer. “Since Clark County’s vaccination rate for children under age two is below the national average, we could have many more children who are susceptible.” The MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella) is recommended for anyone over one year of age. The health district advises parents to ensure that their children are up to date on their mumps immunizations. The first dose should be given at 12-15 months and a second dose between 4 and 6 years of age. The MMR vaccine is required for all Clark County school children. Two doses of the vaccine are required to be protected. The MMR vaccine is about 95 percent effective. In addition, vaccine will not prevent the illness if someone has already been exposed to mumps. Because mumps is a viral infection, antibiotics are not prescribed for the illness and there is no specific treatment available for the disease. Severe complications from mumps are rare, but can include meningitis, swelling of the testicles or ovaries, inflammation of the pancreas, and deafness. Visit the Media Contacts webpage for media related inquiries.
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Kada se pojave zaušnjaci? Kako ih liječiti? Što su zaušnjaci, koji su uzroci, i simptomi po kojima se prepoznaju? Saznajte odgovore na ta pitanja, i način kako liječiti zaušnjake. Zaušnjaci su zarazna virusna infekcija podušnih žlijezda, koja uzrokuje povećanje žlijezda slinovnica. Primarna funkcija ovih žlijezda je izlučivanje sline, a one se nalaze ispod i ispred ušiju. Zaušnjaci, nazvani još i mumps, uzrokovani su virusom parotitis. Kada dođe do zaraze virusom koji izaziva zaušnjake, uglavnom su zaražene obje žlijezde. Virusna infekcija može se prenijeti kihanjem, kašljem, govorom, preko neopranih ruku ili korištenjem predmeta zaražene osobe. Kada osoba jednom preboli infekciju zaušnjaka, postaje doživotno imuna. Simptomi zaušnjaka mogu se prepoznati, a oni su Otečene i bolne žlijezde slinovnice na jednoj ili obje strane lica. Ako imate zaušnjake može se javiti visoka temperatura, glavobolja i bolovi u mišićima. Također, simptomi zaušnjaka su i slabost i umor, gubitak apetita, bol tijekom žvakanja ili gutanja te mučnina i povraćanje. Period inkubacije je između 16 i 18 dana, a može potrajati i do četiri tjedna. Zaušnjaci se smatraju dječjom bolešću, no kada se virusna infekcija pojavi kod odraslih, opasnost može biti puno veća. Virus zaušnjaka u organizam ulazi kroz nos ili usta, a također može zahvatiti mozak i ovojnicu, testise, jajnike, gušteraču i druge dijelove tijela. Liječnici zaušnjake dijagnosticiraju procjenom izloženosti virusu u prošlosti te postojanjem simptoma, kao što su natečene i osjetljive podušne žlijezde. Osim toga, virus mumsa se može izolirati iz uzorka urina, sline ili koštane srži, te se još može mjeriti i količina antitijela koja se razvila u organizmu kao odgovor na zarazu virusom mumsa. Budući da je mums virusna bolest, ne može se liječiti antibioticima. Poput mnogih drugih virusnih bolesti, mums jednostavno treba preboljeti, odnosno preležati. Ako mums nije uzrokovao nikakve dodatne komplikacije, simptomi u većini slučajeva traju od deset dana do dva tjedna. Pojava komplikacija je moguća i potencijalno ozbiljna, ali isto tako i vrlo rijetka. Pratite svoje zdravstveno stanje i posjetite liječnika ako uz simptome mumsa osjetite i popratne komplikacije poput čestog povraćanja, ukočenosti u vratu ili jake glavobolje te dehidracije. Posavjetujte se s liječnikom i u slučaju da otekline potraju dulje od tjedan dana, ako groznica ne nestaje niti nakon četiri dana, testisi postanu bolni ili se pak pojavi bol u trbuhu.