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White spots on nails are very common, everyone at some point in their lives experience them. These spots can indicate a few different things, because the different patterns of white spots may be symptomatic of different causative conditions, but the underlying theme is that your body is trying to tell you that you are not healthy. It’s essential to know the causes and take respective measures to treat them. Causes of White Spots on Nails Nail Injuries The white spots on the fingernails, which can appear as dots or lines, are called leukonychia. An injury to the base of the nail, which is also known as the matrix, can result in the appearance of these white spots on the nails Due to the fact that these spots take some time to appear after the injury, you may have forgotten all about the injury. Some examples of the types of injuries that can cause these spots are banging the finger on the door or banging it on the countertop or with a hammer. Having manicures done frequently can cause injuries to the nails as well. Allergic Reaction There are times when white spots can appear on the nails due to an allergic reaction to nail polish, nail hardener or even nail polish remover. Application of acrylic nails on your fingers can cause trauma to the nail base. Zinc Deficiency Zinc is a metal that is normally found in the human body. A zinc deficiency in a person commonly causes white spots or streaks in their nails. A change in the person’s diet can help to resolve this problem. Some foods that can help to add zinc to the person’s diet are oysters, baked beans, yogurt, crab, beef shanks, pork shoulder, spinach, nuts and whole grains. Protein Deficiency A protein deficiency in a person will show as horizontal bands that extend across the nail bed. These lines are known as Muehrcke’s lines. Due to the fact that these lines are on the nail bed and not on the nail plate, they will not simply grow out with your nails. When the protein levels return to normal, these lines will usually just disappear. There are some rare cases in which these lines can be indicative of liver disease. There is a way to test to see if these lines are Muehrcke’s lines or not. Just press down on the nail plate, and if the lines disappear then they are Muehrcke’s lines. Recommendations of protein-rich foods: Turkey beast, fish (salmon, tuna), pork loin, lean beef, tofu, beans, yogurt, soymilk, nuts and seeds. Calcium Deficiency Possibly because of the numerous calcium enriched nail strengtheners on the market, there is a widespread belief that calcium deficiency causes leukonychia. There are even products on the market that incorporate “calcium” into their name. In order to treat calcium deficiency, you can simply add calcium to your diet, drinking orange juice or any other calcium fortified food or drinks will help. Fungal Superficial Onychomycosis A subtype of an infection that commonly appears on the toenails is known as white superficial onychomycosis. Fungi are the cause of these white spots and they appear on the nail plate and then they spread to the nail bed. This disorder presents with the toenails appearing flaky at first and then the nail becomes thick. Nail splitting then occurs and there is significant pain while wearing shoes. There are some other disorders that can mimic this disorder, so in order to diagnosis this form of onychomycosis, a doctor can clip a piece of the toenail and examine it under a microscope or they may choose to place the clipping into a special container and watch it over time to see what type of fungus grows on it. An oral anti-fungal medication in combination with a topical ointment is normally recommended. This will usually clear this condition up within three months, although it is important to be aware of the fact that the topical ointment generally will not fully penetrate the nail plate to reach the nail bed. Serious Diseases There are some serious diseases that present symptoms like white spots on the nails. Therefore, it is extremely important to see a doctor if you notice any discolorations in your nails. The earlier you see the doctor the more likely it is to treat the condition effectively. - Liver disease, like hepatitis and cirrhosis, is one of the more serious causes of white spotted fingernails. - Kidney disease also has symptoms that affect the nails, such as nails that are possibly white and pink. The nails can be turned partially white due to kidney failure. - Anemia, which is also a sign of iron deficiency, can produce pale or white nail beds. Adding iron to the diet, such as leafy greens and meats, and avoiding dairy, will help to reverse the iron deficiency. - There are some cases in which the person may develop koilonychias, which is abnormally shaped thin fingernails with raised ridges that curve inward. Home Remedies for White Spots on Nails Cover with Nail Polish In order to hide these white spots, you can use nail polish, preferably a light shade of pink or peach. Moisturize Maintaining a good level of moisture in the hands is important. A good tip for this, is massaging the hands and fingernails with either vitamin E or hand lotion, which can be applied to the skin on the side of the nails as well. Let It Grow Out Patience is of the utmost importance when letting the white spots on the nails grow out. With time they will grow over the smile line, which is the separation between the bed of the nail and the actual growth of the nail. Once this occurs, you can clip, cut or file them down, but it is extremely important that you don’t take off too much, it is necessary to leave some actual growth so you do not damage the nail bed. Keep a Balanced Diet Maintaining a balanced diet is essential for the overall health of the entire body, including the fingernails. - Have More Calcium-Rich Foods and Drinks Consuming foods and drinks that are fortified with calcium is a good way to keep the nails from getting these white spots. - Eat More Vitamin C Rich Fruits These white spots tend to appear if you are not getting enough vitamin C in your body. Therefore, it is important to eat foods and drinks that contain vitamin C, such as oranges, grapefruits and orange juice. - Consume More Zinc, Iron, Sulphur Rich Foods White spots on nails can be a signal that you are lacking zinc, sulphur and iron. Include more foods which contains these elements can help you treat the condition. At the same time, you can always take moderate amount of supplements. Source: admin Latest posts by admin (see all) - 5 Proven Tips To Prevent Your Lips From Darkening - August 2016 - Try the Cucumber Diet and Lose 7kg in 14 Days - August 2016 - You Have Lost Part of Your Hair? Here is How to Grow Out Your Hair Faster - August 2016
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Ako ti je polovica nokta smeđa, a druga polovica bijela to može upućivati na bolest bubrega. Zamijetiš li dvije bijele vodoravne uske pruge na jednom ili više nokata to može biti znak upalne reakcije u organizmu. Donosimo ti dijelove iz knjige 'Tjelesni znakovi' u izdanju V.B.Z.-a Naši su nokti sastavljeni uglavnom od bjelančevine keratina. Iako se keratin nalazi i u koži i u kosi, nokti sadržavaju manje vode, i zato su tvrđi. Zbog svoje su trajnosti idealni zaštitnici krvnih žila, živaca i kostiju koji se ispod njih nalaze. Neobična boja noktiju vjerojatno vas neće nagnati da počnete vući liječnika za rukav. Srećom, većina liječnika ipak baci pogled na nokte svojih pacijenata tijekom pregleda. U noktima su utisnuti znakovi različitih zdravstvenih poremećaja. Bijele oznake Vjerojatno smo svi već zapazili sitne bijele nepravilne mrljice ili crtice koje se povremeno pojavljuju na našim noktima. Te kredaste oznake, koje se stručno nazivaju leukonihijom, najčešće su dobroćudni znakovi sitnijih ozljeda nokta, koji s vremenom spontano nestanu. Bijele mrlje ili oznake na noktima također mogu biti posljedica oniholize. Oniholiza je poremećaj pri kojem se nokat spontano odvaja od podloge. Kao što zna svatko ko se ikada udario čekićem po noktu, nokat će vjerojatno otpasti. Znak zdravlja Nokti zdrave odrasle osobe rastu postojano, iako sporo, oko 0,3 cm mjesečno. Da bi izrastao sasvim nov nokat na prstu ruke potrebno je četiri do šest mjeseci. Da bi izrastao nov nokat na nožnom prstu, potrebno je od osam do dvanaest mjeseci. No bijele mrljice i pruge na našim noktima, u njima ili ispod njih, katkad uopće nisu dobroćudne. Te bijele oznake mogu upućivati, primjerice, na bradavice i gljivice (onihomikoza) na noktima, ili na stanja kože kao što su psorijaza i ekcem, koji mogu utjecati i na nokte. Bijele mrlje na noktima mogu biti jedan od nekoliko znakova sistemske bolesti sarkoidoze, koja zahvaća kožu, pluća i druge organe. Kada je nokat mekan i ima bijele mrljice, to je stanje poznato kao Plummerov nokat, što može upućivati na hipertireozu. Samo jedna bijela crta Pojava horizontalne bijele crte preko cijele nokatne ploče tipičan je znak otrovanja arsenom ili talijem. No prije nego što zaključite da vas neko pokušava otpraviti s ovoga svijeta, razmislite i o sljedećem: te bijele crte mogu upućivati na širok opseg ozbiljnih sistemskih bolesti koje mogu oštetiti nokat, kao što su srčani zastoj, Hodgkinova bolest, malarija, pa čak i guba. Budući da su te bijele crte, koje se češće pojave samo na jednom noktu, utisnute u sam nokat, nestat će kad nokat izraste ili ako se njihov temeljni uzrok uspješno liječi. Zapravo, taj znak na noktu može nam pomoći da utvrdimo kad se bolest (ili otrovanje) pojavila. Što se crta nalazi niže na noktu, to je bolest novija. Dvostruka bijela crta Zamijetite li dvije bijele vodoravne uske pruge na jednom ili više nokata, imate klasičan znak Muehrckeovih linija. Te su crte zapravo utisnute u ležište nokta (tkivo ispod tvrdog nokta), i neće se pomicati ili nestati dok nokat raste. Muehrckeove linije sasvim su uobičajen znak hipoalbuminemije, snižene razine bjelančevine albumina u krvi. Taj poremećaj i te crte može izazvati nekoliko akutnih i kroničnih zdravstvenih stanja, a to su, među ostalim, bolest bubrega, ciroza jetre, srčani zastoj i nepravilna prehrana. Međutim, u većini slučajeva te su crte upalna reakcija na infekciju ili ozljedu. Dvobojni nokti Ako vam je polovica nokta smeđa, a druga bijela, tako da donekle podsjeća na šareni grah, možda je riječ o stanju koje se prikladno naziva ''nokti pola-pola''. Bijeli dio nalazi se uz pokožicu nokta, a smeđi je bliže vrhu. Nažalost, ''nokti pola-pola'' uobičajen su znak hronične bolesti bubrega. Znak vremena Seljaci su nekoć običavali označiti nokat na palcu pri korijenu kad bi posijali usjeve. Kad bi mala oznaka stigla do vrha nokta, znali su da je sjeme izniklo, izraslo u biljku i da je spremno za žetvu. No ako vam je gotovo cijeli nokat mutno-bijele boje, možda imate oblik leukonihije, koji se naziva Terryjevim noktima. Kod toga poremećaja, koji najčešće zahvaća sve nokte, nokti su bjeličasti od pokožice pa gotovo do samog ruba, a na rubu je tamnoružičasta ili smeđa ''traka''. Ponekad su nokti tako bijeli i mutni da nestaje polumjesec nokta (lunula). Bijela i smeđa boja u ležištu su nokta, a ne na njemu samom. Terryjevi nokti prilično su čest znak starenja. No kod mlađih ljudi takvi su nokti nažalost često znak ciroze jetre, dijabetesa, hroničnog zastoja bubrega ili kongestivnog zastoja srca. Plavičasti nokti Dok bi plavi lak za nokte mogao biti znak mladenačkih hirova ili buntovništva, prirodno plavičasti nokti mogli bi biti važno upozorenje da vaš organizam ne dobiva dovoljno kisika, a to se stanje stručno naziva cijanoza. Kao i u slučaju plavičastih usana i kože i drugih znakova cijanoze, plavičasti nokti mogu, između ostalih cirkulacijskih problema, upućivati na plućnu bolest ili perifernu arterijsku bolest. Nokti ljudi oboljelih od Raynaudova sindroma, koji se smatra perifernom arterijskom bolešću, katkad poplave, što je najčešće reakcija na hladnoću ili stres, a kad im se poboljša cirkulacija vrati se i prirodna boja. Plavičasti nokti mogu upućivati na uzimanje nekih lijekova, poput antivirusnih lijekova i antibiotika tetraciklina. Žuti nokti Požutjeli nokti mogu biti znak da je neko strastveni pušač ili da neko vrijeme uzima antibiotik tetraciklin. Također, mogu biti rječiti znak da ste koristili tamne lakove za nokte, koji mogu ostavljati žućkaste mrlje. No žućkasti nokti mogu upućivati i na nešto ozbiljnije. Kao i u slučaju žutih bjeloočnica i kože, žuti nokti mogu upućivati na žuticu. Također mogu biti znak AIDS-a. A ako su pri korijenu blago plavičasti, to može biti znak dijabetesa. No žuti nokti, osobito ako sporo rastu, ako su jako debeli i zakrivljeni, ako se izgubi pokožica ili čak ispadaju, mogu upućivati na rijetko stanje prikladnog naziva sindrom žutih noktiju. Osim što su nokti požutjeli i iskrivljeni, osoba sa sindromom žutih noktiju ima plućnu bolest i/ili limfedem, nakupljanje limfne tekućine u tkivima. Taj poremećaj najčešće zahvaća sve nokte i to, nažalost, gotovo uvijek trajno. Znak upozorenja Smećkasti, žuti nokti na kojima se ponekad javljaju sitne bijele mrlje mogu biti znak da na noktima imate gljivice. U tom slučaju nokti imaju i neugodan miris. Promjena boje lunule (polumjeseca) Blijedo područje u obliku polumjeseca pri korijenu nokta jest polumjesec nokta, koji se naziva lunula. Može imati onoliko boja koliko Mjesec ima faza. Primjerice, plavičasti polumjesec nokta, koji se stručno naziva azurna lunula, može biti znak Wilsonove bolesti, nasljedne degenerativne bolesti jetre do koje dolazi zbog taloženja bakra u tkivima, najčešće u jetri i mozgu. Crvenkasti polumjesec na noktima može pak upućivati na kongestivni zastoj srca. A žućkasti polumjesec, poput žutih noktiju, može biti posljedica uzimanja antibiotika tetraciklina. Plavo-sivi polumjesec može upozoravati na trovanje srebrom, a smeđi ili crni može upućivati na prekomjeran unos fluora. zdravakrava.ba