http___www.intimatemedicine.com.hr_enciklopedija-seksualnosti_seksualnost_zdravlje-i-seks_spolno-prenosive-bolesti_hpv-virus_hpv-virus__1.xml
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HPV stands for human papillomavirus. Genital HPV is a very common sexually transmitted infection which usually causes no symptoms and goes away by itself, but can sometimes cause serious illness. HPV is responsible for: - almost all cases of genital warts and cervical cancer - 90% of anal cancers - 65% of vaginal cancers - 50% of vulva cancers - 35% of penile cancers - 60% of oropharyngeal cancers (cancers of the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils). Four out of five people have at least one type of HPV at some time in their lives. It is sometimes called the 'common cold' of sexual activity. HPV infects both men and women. The virus is spread through intimate contact with genital-skin during sexual activity, via tiny breaks in the skin. Usually this happens without anyone ever knowing it or it causing any problems. Condoms offer some but not total protection from HPV, as they don't cover all of the genital skin. They do offer protection from many other sexually transmitted infections though, and help prevent unwanted pregnancy. You can be exposed to HPV the first time sexual activity occurs, from only one sexual partner. Treating HPV There is currently no treatment for HPV. In most cases the immune system clears HPV from the body naturally over time and has no long-lasting effects. Most people with HPV have no symptoms and will never know they have it. For women, having regular Pap tests once they become sexually active is the only way to detect abnormal cells on the cervix caused by HPV. Genital warts can be treated by doctors or at sexual health clinics. HPV and cancer There are many different HPV types, which are considered either 'low-risk' or 'high-risk'. Some high-risk HPV types can cause serious illness including cancer. Sometimes HPV does not clear the body naturally – usually when the infection is with high-risk types. We call this 'persistent' HPV infection. Persistent HPV infection can cause abnormal cells to develop on the cervix, which may develop into cervical cancer, usually over many years, if they remain untreated. Although cervical cancer is the most common type of cancer caused by HPV, persistent infection is also known to cause other cancers affecting men and women, including penile, anal, vulval, vaginal and mouth/throat. HPV and genital warts Having genital warts does not mean you are at risk of cancer. Genital warts are caused by low-risk types of HPV, which do not cause cancer. Genital warts are a very common sexually transmitted infection in Australia, especially in young people.
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HPV Virus HPV virus HPV virus je virus, s kojim se zarazi bar polovina svih spolno aktivnih ljudi, a uzrokuje rak vrata maternice... Pročitajte sve o virusu HPV. Značajna skupina HPV su HPV virusi sluznice. Humani papiloma virusi ili HPV opsežna su skupina virusa koji se prenose s kože na kožu ili preko sluznice. Postoji više od 100 različitih genotipa HPV. HPV je jedna od najčešćih spolno prenosivih zaraza, kako kod muškaraca tako i kod žena. HPV je najčešći uzrok raka vrata maternice, a uzrokuje i rak na vulvi, anusu ili penisu. Postoji više od 100 različitih genotipa HPV. Značajna skupina HPV su HPV virusi sluznice. HPV viruse sluznice dijelimo na nisko-rizične, koji kod žena i muškaraca uzrokuju genitalne bradavice (najčešći su HPV 6 i HPV 11), i visoko-rizične, koji uzrokuju nastanak raka vrata maternice i drugih promjena koje prethode nastanku raka ( HPV 16 i HPV 18). HPV se najčešće prenosi spolnim odnosima, a virusom niskog rizika zaraženo je do 60 % svih žena mlađih od 30 let. S visoko-rizičnim virusom zaraženo je oko 15 posto svih žena. Zaraza s visoko-rizičnim virusom se dogodi onda kada tijelo ne uspije pobijediti zarazu. Takva zaraza može trajati godinama i teško ju je otkriti. HPV se najčešće prenosi spolnim odnosima (jlp) Neaktivna zaraza s nisko-rizičnim virusom nema vidljivih znakova, zaraženo je područje potpuno normalno. Tijelo nadzire zarazu i moguće je da za nju nikada niti nećete saznati. Kod aktivne zaraze (zaraza s virusom visokog rizika), virus u zaraženim stanicama uzrokuje promjene. Promijenjene stanice se kao promijenjene vide na PAP brisu. Ako takve stanice ostanu neotkrivene, promjene mogu voditi do nastanka raka vrata maternice. Sama infekcija nije izlječiva, od infekcije se možemo zaštititi cijepljenjem protiv HPV. U većini slučajeva se u roku od dvije godine virus sam izluči. Možemo liječiti samo promjene na koži (bradavice) i predkancerogene promjene vrata maternice. Bris ušća maternice sastavni je dio preventivnog ginekološkog pregleda za spriječavanje raka vrata maternice. Redoviti ginekološki pregledi izuzetno su važni, jer samo ginekolog s uzimanjem i pregledavanjem stanica u brisu s ušća maternice (test PAP) može utvrditi jeste li zaraženi i poduzeti odgovarajuće mjere u slučaju predkancerogenih promjena a vratu maternice. Sama infekcija nije izlječiva, od infekcije se možemo zaštititi cijepljenjem protiv HPV.