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The beginnings of Rovinj tourism The development of tourism as a social and economic phenomenon is related to the calming of the political situation in the first half of the 19th century after the Napoleonic wars, and to the modernization of transport equipment, primarily railroads, which facilitated long-distance travelling. The expansion of tourism and its mass character allowed a creation of the famous rivieras, wintering-balneological and especially climatic health resorts and spas. Due to its favourable and healthy climate and interesting history, Istria has been attractive to the clientele from the continental parts of Europe ever since the beginning of modern tourism. After 1844, when the Austrian Lloyd established permanent tourist line Trieste-Rijeka, ships regularly sailed to Piran, Novigrad, Poreč, Rovinj and Pula. The construction of the railway line Divača-Pula with the branch line Kanfanar-Rovinj (1876) even more accelerated the development of Rovinj tourism, although then it was just about individual visits instead of organized arrivals. The year 1888 marks the official beginning of Rovinj tourism when the health resort Maria Theresia Seehospiz, provided for the treatment of poor children suffering from scrofulosis and rickets opened its doors. This health resort was mostly visited by the children from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, but also from Germany, Russia and other countries. The first meteorological measurements of air temperature started, as part of this health resort, which were compared with the Viennese values. In 1890 Knight Georg Hütterott, an entrepreneur from Trieste, enchanted by the Rovinj archipelago, bought four islands in its southern part (St. Andrew, Maškin, Šturag and St. John), and in the coming years started to buy private properties, south of the town in the area of Punta Corrente, Montauro, Škarabe, Monvi and Monte Mulini. In the fenced area of almost 90 ha of pastures, vineyards and olive groves, he created a true nature park by afforestation of carefully selected Mediterranean and exotic plants. Since the purchase of the islands distinguished guests visited his property, as evidenced by the list in the memorial book Cissa Insel and the stone inscriptions along the trails on the island carved in the living limestone walls. In the list of the memorial books until 1908 are mentioned Prince and Princess Coburg Gotha, Princess Stefanie von Habsburg, Archduke Ludwig Salvatore, Grand Duchess Maria Josef of Saxony, Princess Maria Theresa of Bavaria, Prince Hohenlohe with his family, Prince Johann Lichtenstein, and many other members of the European nobility; a number of admirals and officers of the Austro-Hungarian navy from Pula such as Maximilian von Sterneck, Hermann von Spaun, Rudolf Montecuccioli, Franz von Minutillo; entrepreneurs such as Arthur Krupp, Carl Escher, Paul Schoeller, E. Skoda; scientists such as R. Virchow, R. Burkhardt and others. In 1910 the island was visited by the Crown Prince Francis Ferdinand, whose visit is described in a letter to a guard of the property. Guests visited more often and stayed for longer periods of time on the island, and as a result the excursion tourism rapidly evolved into the stationary tourism. Due to the significant commercial success, the Emperor Franz Joseph in 1898 awarded Georg Hütterott the title of knight for his merits in the industry, and in 1905 he became a member of the Senate of the Imperial Council, by which the reputation of his family reached its peak. As a young and successful merchant, due to his merits in 1879 he became the first Japanese consul in Europe. As an admirer of space and the sea, Georg Hütterott owned yacht named Tornato, and in 1894 he purchased steam schooner, yacht "Suzume" (Japanese = sparrow), and together with the Archduke Charles Stephen became the forerunner of the sport sailing in this region. Overwhelmed with the ecstatic beauty of this area, and well aware of the remarkable success of some tourist resorts in the Adriatic, especially Opatija and Brioni, he began planning the creation of a real tourist destination. In a brochure issued in 1908, he exposed his idea of a building of climatic health resort modelled on similar facilities along the Istrian coast. He founded a company with limited liability, which was supposed to take care of financing of the construction. The project included the area of Monte Mulini, Montauro and Punta Corrente, where the trails, tree-lined avenues, meadows and parks were already constructed. In addition, the property was surrounded by a two-meter stone wall, 900 m long, which stretched from the iron gate of the park to the sea on Škaraba. He planned to build sports facilities, 3 hotels, and swimming area at the old beach Brunetti in the Lone bay. The first hotel was envisaged on the last bend in the road that leads to the park, while the second was to be located in the park at the intersection of roads to Punta Corrente and Montauro. The third, however, was supposed to be constructed at the Punta by the sea. A number of villas were expected to follow the main road. About the feasibility of a such project testifies a bid for the purchase of a parcel of land worth a million crowns, which in that same year, i.e. in 1908, Georg Hütterott immediately refused, and in 1918 for the purchase was even interested the Mayor of Vienna, Dr. Weisskirchner, in behalf of the City, driven exactly by a "little red book", as this project was named by Marie Hütterott. And this offer, after several negotiations, was declined. The untimely death of Georg Hütterott in 1910 stopped most of the construction works, but the project stimulated thinking and gave impetus to the development of tourism in a true sense when in 1911 the Statute of the consortium of innkeepers, owners of coffee shops, liquor dealers and hoteliers (Consorzio dei trattori, osti caffetieri, liquoristi ed albergatori) was adopted. By seeking help of the widow Hütterott in 1913 hotel "Adriatico" was opened and the foundations of a modern tourism were laid. Turistička zajednica grada Rovinja Rovigno Pina Budicina 12 52210 Rovinj tzgrovinj@tzgrovinj.hr Copyright Turisitčka zajednica grada Rovinja 2001-2012. Sva prava pridržana.
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Počeci rovinjskog turizma Razvoj turizma kao društveno-ekonomskog fenomena vezan je uz smirivanje političke situacije u prvoj polovici 19.st. nakon Napoleonovih ratova, te modernizacijom prometnih sredstava kojima su se olakšala putovanja na duže relacije, u prvom redu željeznce. Zbog povoljne i zdrave klime, te zanimljive prošlosti, Istra je bila privlačna za klijentelu iz unutrašnjosti od samih početaka modernog turizma. Nakon što je 1844. Austrijski Lloyd uspostavio stalnu izletničku liniju Trst-Rijeka, brodovi se redovno zaustavljaju u Piranu, Novigradu, Poreču, Rovinju i Puli. Izgradnja željezničke pruge Divača-Pula s odvojkom pruge Kanfanar-Rovinj (1876.) još je više pospješila razvoj rovinjskog turizma, iako se tada radilo samo o pojedinačnim posjetima bez organiziranog dolaska. Za službeni početak rovinjskog turizma može se uzeti 1888.g. kada je otvoreno morsko klimatsko lječilište Maria Theresia Seehospiz, predviđeno za liječenje siromašne djece od skrofuloze i rahitisa. Ovo su lječilište posjećivala najčešće djeca s područja Austro-Ugarske, ali i iz Njemačke, Rusije i drugih zemalja. U sklopu ovog lječilišta započela su i prva meteorološka mjerenja temperature zraka, koja su uspoređivana s bečkim vrijednostima. Godine 1890. Georg Hutterott, poduzetnik iz Trsta, oduševljen rovinjskim arhipelagom, kupuje četiri otoka u južnom djelu, i to Sv. Andriju, Maškin, Šturag i Sv. Ivana, te u narednim godinama počinje s otkupljivanjem privatnih posjeda, južno od grada na predjelima Punta Corrente, Montaura, Škarabe, Monvia i Monte Mulinija. Na ograđenoj površini od gotovo 90 ha pašnjaka, vinograda i maslinika, pošumljavanjem pomno odabranim mediteranskim i egzotičnim biljkama stvorio je pravi park prirode. Od same kupovine otoka na njegov posjed dolaze ugledni gosti, o čemu svjedoče popisi u spomen-knjizi «Cissa Insel» i kameni natpisi duž staza na otoku urezani u žive vapnenačke stijene. Na popisu iz spomen-knjige do 1908. godine nalazimo princa i princezu Coburg Gotha, princezu Stefanie von Habsburg, nadvojvodu Ludviga Salvatora, veliku vojvotkinju Mariju Jozefu od Sachsena, princezu Mariju Thereziju od Bavarske, princa Hohenlohe s obitelji, princa Johanna Lichtensteina, te mnoge druge pripadnike europskog plemstva, čitav niz admirala i časnika k.und .k mornarice iz Pule, poput Maximiliana von Sternecka, Hermana von Spauna, Rudolfa Montecucciolia, Franza von Minutilla, poduzetnike Arthura Kruppa, Carla Eschera, Paula Schoellera, E. Skode, znanstvenike R. Virchowa, R. Burkhardta i dr. Godine 1910. otok je posjetio i prijestolonasljednik Franjo Ferdinand, o čijoj se posjeti govori u pismu čuvara posjeda. Gosti su se sve češće i sve duže zadržavali na otoku, tako da se iz izletničkog ubrzano razvijao i stacionarni turizam. Zbog značajnog poslovnog uspjeha, car Franjo Josip dodijelio je 1898. Georgu Hütterottu titulu viteza za zasluge u industriji, a 1905. postaje članom Senata Carskog savjeta, čime je ugled obitelji dosegnuo vrhunac. Kao mladi i uspješan trgovac, za svoje je zasluge još 1879. postao prvi japanski konzul u Europi. Ljubitelj prostranstva i mora, Georg Hütterott je posjedovao jahtu Tornato, a 1894. kupuje parni škun, jahtu "Suzume" (japanski = vrabac), te zajedno s nadvojvodom Karlom Stefanom postaje preteča sportskog jedrenja na ovom području. Zanijet ljepotama prirode ovog kraja, a poznavajući zapažen uspjeh nekih turističkih odredišta na Jadranu, ponajprije Opatije i Brijuna, započeo je s planovima stvaranja pravog turističkog odredišta. U brošuri koju izdaje 1908., izlaže svoju ideju gradnje klimatskog lječilišta po uzoru na slične objekte duž istarske obale. Osnovano je društvo s ograničenom odgovornošću koje se trebalo brinuti za financiranje radova. Projektom su obuhvaćeni predjeli Monte Mulini, Montauro i Punta Corrente, gdje su već bili uređeni puteljci, aleje stabala, livade i parkovi. Osim toga, posjed je bio ograđen dvometarskim suhozidom, dugačkim 900 m, koji se protezao od željeznih vrata parka do mora na Škarabi. Planirao je izgraditi sportske terene, 3 hotela, te kupalište na mjestu starog kupališta Brunetti u uvali Lone. Prvi hotel bio je predviđen na zadnjem zavoju ceste koja vodi prema parku, dok bi se drugi nalazio u samom parku, na raskrižju puteva prema Punti Corrente i Montauru. Treći je, pak, trebao niknuti na samoj Punti uz more. Niz vila trebao je pratiti čitav glavni put. O isplativosti takvog projekta govori i ponuda za kupnju terena na kopnu od milijun kruna, koju je iste godine, odn.1908., Georg Hütterott odmah odbio, a 1918. za kupnju je bio zainteresiran i gradonačelnik Beča, dr. Weisskirchner, i to u ime Grada, potaknut upravo "malom crvenom knjižicom", kako je ovaj projekt nazvala Marie Hütterott. I ta je ponuda, nakon nekoliko pregovora odbijena. Prerana smrt Georga Hütterotta 1910. zaustavila je većinu radova, ali je taj projekt potaknuo razmišljanja i dao impuls razvoju turizma u pravom smislu kada je 1911. usvojen Statut konzorcija gostioničara, vlasnika kavana, prodavača likera i hotelijera (Consorzio dei trattori, osti caffetieri, liquoristi ed albergatori). Obrativši se za pomoć udovici Hütterott, 1913. otvoren je hotel "Adriatico" i postavljeni su temelji modernog turizma. Turistička zajednica grada Rovinja Rovigno Pina Budicina 12 Rovinj tzgrovinj@tzgrovinj.hr Copyright Turisitčka zajednica grada Rovinja 2001-2012. Sva prava pridržana.