http___www.undp.org_content_croatia_hr_home_mdgoverview_overview_mdg5__1.xml
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- UNDP around the world close Many of UNDP's relationships with countries and territories on the ground exceed 60 years. Find details on our successes and ongoing work. Visit UNDP's global website. - Afghanistan - Albania - Algeria - Angola - Argentina - Armenia - Azerbaijan - Bahrain - Bangladesh - Barbados - Belarus - Belize - Benin - Bhutan - Bolivia - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Brazil - Bulgaria - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Cambodia - Cameroon - Cape Verde - Central African Republic - Chad - Chile - China - Colombia - Comoros - Congo (Dem. Republic of) - Congo (Republic of) - Costa Rica - Côte d'Ivoire - Croatia - Cuba - Cyprus - Democratic People's Republic of Korea - Denmark (Rep. Office) - Djibouti - Dominican Republic - E.U. (Rep. Office) - Ecuador - Egypt - El Salvador - Equatorial Guinea - Eritrea - Ethiopia - Fiji - Finland (Rep. 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Office) - Syria - Tajikistan - Tanzania - Thailand - The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia - Timor-Leste - Togo - Trinidad and Tobago - Tunisia - Turkey - Turkmenistan - Uganda - Ukraine Regional PresenceMuch of UNDP’s work is administered through 5 regional bureaus. - Operations - Research & Publications - News Centre 6 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty Where we are Target 1: Reduce by half the proportion of people whose daily consumption is below USD 4.30, measured in average PPP (parity purchasing power), as compared with 2001. Kazakhstan achieved Target 1 in 2004. However, poverty is still a serious issue for the country, especially in rural areas. For this reason, the 2007 Report proposed a new MDG 1+: to halve the proportion of people in rural areas whose income is below the subsistence minimum. Notwithstanding some progress in the reduction of income poverty, there is a certain risk for a quite considerable proportion of the population living near the poverty line to fall into poverty. Virtually 80 percent of the population in the country have an income twice the level of the subsistence minimum. Earned income remains at a level insufficient for a decent income, thus reducing the attractiveness of productive employment. Regional differences in poverty remain and rural poverty is deeper in all regions. Levels of rural poverty are still almost twice as high as urban poverty. Public social policy for the protection of vulnerable categories should be an effective mechanism of a poverty reduction strategy. The strategy should be designed to further enhance the system for protection of the most vulnerable categories, especially those living in rural areas, the self-employed, large and incomplete families, old people, disabled people and migrants. Achievement of this target by 2015 will require an enabling environment in rural areas for the development of entrepreneurship, an enabling legislative framework for the employment of migrants and their access to entrepreneurship activities. This will also require enhanced access for disadvantaged people, especially women, migrants, refugees, young and old people and disabled people, to the social safety system and development of social services involving NGOs as service providers. Target 2: Reduce the share of the poor by one third (based on the nationally defined poverty level) This goal in its original version was achieved in Kazakhstan already in 2004. Target 2 has now been achieved. For Kazakhstan, the issue of hunger is no longer urgent. Therefore, Target 2 was adapted in 2007 to a national target of halving the proportion of people having no access to balanced nutrition. A substantial proportion of the population, especially those from risk groups including children and women of reproductive age, need to have better nutrition. Particularly, some children under five, who are under-weight and under-height, factors which characterise nutrition quality. Deficiency of some micro-nutrients remains high among risk groups; such deficiency is called ‘hidden hunger’. The reduction and eradication of micro-nutrient deficiency will help to significantly improve health and reduce child and maternal mortality, which is a contribution to the achievement of MDG 4 and 5. This will require preparation, government approval and implementation of a comprehensive programme on balanced nutrition for children under five and prevention of malnutrition and nutritional status abnormalities. UNDP's work in Kazakhstan Adapting to life in East Kazakhstan Since the independence of Kazakhstan, over 1 million people including over 464,000 ethnic Kazakhs (Oralmans) immigrated to the country in search of a better life. Themore Voice championing disabilities Since the age of five, when Ali Amanbayev was diagnosed with a serious spinal injury, life has been a constant struggle. “As a schoolboy, I beganmore 1.19 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG1 - Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day - Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day - Poverty gap ratio - Share of poorest quintile in national consumption - Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people - Growth rate of GDP per person employed - Employment-to-population ratio - Proportion of employed people living below $1 (PPP) per day - Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment - Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger - Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age - Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption
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- UNDP širom svijeta Zatvori UNDP je prisutan u brojnim zemljama i područjima preko 60 godina. Potražite detaljne informacije o tome što radimo i koji su naši uspjesi na terenu. Posjetite UNDP-ovu globalnu webstranicu. - Afganistan - Albanija - Alžir - Angola - Argentina - Armenija - Azerbejdžan - Bahrein - Bangladeš - Barbados - Belize - Benin - Bjelorusija - Bolivija - Bosna i Hercegovina - Brazil - Bugarska - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Butan - Cape Verde / Zelenortski otoci - Cipar - Crna Gora - Čad - Čile - Danska (Predstavništvo) - Demokratska Narodna Republika Koreja - Dominikanska Republika - Džibuti (Predstavništvo) - Egipt - Ekvador - Ekvatorijalna Gvineja - Eritreja - Etiopija - Fidži - Filipini - Finska (Predstavništvo) - Gabon - Gambija - Gana - Gruzija - Gvajana - Gvatemala - Gvineja - Gvineja-Bisao - Haiti - Honduras - Hrvatska - Indija - Indonezija - Irak (Republika) - Iran - Istočni Timor - Jamajka - Jemen - Jordan - Južna Afrika - Južni Sudan - Kambodža - Kamerun - Kazahstan - Kenija - Kina - Kirgistan - Kolumbija - Komori - Kongo (Demokratska Republika) - Kongo (Republika) - Kosovo - Kostarika - Kuba - Kuvajt - Lao NDR - Latvija - Lesoto - Libanon - Liberija - Libija - Litva - Madagaskar - Makedonija (Bivša Jugoslavenska Republika) - Malavi - Maldivi - Malezija - Mali - Maroko - Mauricijus - Mauritanija - Meksiko - Mijanmar - Moldavija - Mongolija - Mozambik - Namibija - Nepal - Niger - Nigerija - Nikaragva - Norveška (Predstavništvo) - Obala bjelokosti - Pakistan - Panama - Papua Nova Gvineja - Paragvaj - Peru - Program pomoći palestinskom narodu - Ruanda - Rumunjska - Ruska Federacija - Salvador - Samoa - Sao Tome i Principe - Saudijska Arabija - Sejšeli - Senegal - Sierra Leone - Sirija - Somalija - Srbija - Srednjoafrička republika - Sudan - Surinam - Svaziland - Šri Lanka - Švedska (Predstavništvo) - Tadžikistan - Tajland - Tanzanija - Togo - Trinidad i Tobago - Tunis - Turkmenistan - Turska - Uganda Prisutnost u regijiVećina UNDP-ovog rada provodi se kroz 5 regionalnih ureda. - Operativna podrška - Publikacije - Arhiva vijesti 6 Poboljšati zdravlje majki Gdje smo U Hrvatskoj, smrtnost majki je niska već godinama, te se svodi isključivo na iznimke. Pod smrt rodilja se misli na sve žene koje su umrle tijekom trudnoće, porođaja ili 42 dana nakon rođenja djeteta, bez obzira da li je uzrok smrti povezan s trudnoćom ili porodom. Sve žene u Republici Hrvatskoj imaju pravo na besplatni porod u zdravstvenoj ustanovi, bez obzira na to imaju li zdravstveno osiguranje ili nemaju, više od 99,9 % poroda održano je u zdravstvenoj ustanovi , uz rijetke iznimke, kao što je rađanje kod kuće ili na putu do rodilišta. U posljednjih deset godina, više od 30 % žena koje su preminule tijekom trudnoće, porođaja ili za vrijeme babinja umrle su od razloga koji su indirektno povezani s porodom (razne kronične i maligne bolesti ). Dio žena plodne dobi koje su umrle od ukupnog broja žena koje su umrle je niska (oko 3 % svih žena koje su umrle), a stopa je nešto iznad 70/100, 000 žena plodne dobi. Najčešći uzroci smrtnosti su tumori , zatim ozljede i bolesti cirkulacijskog sustava . Dakle, zdravstvo treba usmjeriti pozornost na prevenciju tih uzroka bolesti i smrtnosti. Određene preventivne mjere se provode putem nacionalnih programa za preglede (rak dojke), a drugi su na raspolaganju svakoj ženi kroz mjere zdravstvenog sustaava iz obveznog osiguranja. Nacionalni program za rano otkrivanje raka dojke predviđen u 2006 - 2012 se provodi već tri godine , a broj pregledanih žena godišnje postupno raste (u 2008, 57 % je došlo na pregled nakon pozivnice). Očekuje se da će rezultati tih projekcija imati utjecaj na smanjenju pojavu naprednih vrsta raka dojke i naknadne smrtnosti žena. Zahvaljujući pregledima, u protekle tri godine, 1.400 slučajeva raka dojke otkrivena su i potvrđena . Godišnje raka dojke je prisutan u 2.500 / 100.000 žena, od čega 800-900 žena ne preživi (oko 40/100,000 godišnje). Nadalje, prevencija raka dojke kroz sustav obveznog zdravstvenog osiguranja, uključuje nabavku dovoljnog broja mamograma i njihove lokalne raspodjele po potrebi. Prema pojedinim dijagnostičkim entitetima , uzroci smrti stanovništva u Hrvatskoj se nisu promijenili zadnjih pet godina. Najčešći uzrok smrti je ishemijska bolest srca (20%), slijede cerebrovaskularne bolesti (15%), zatajenje srca (6 %), bronhi i pluća (5 %) i, konačno , rak debelog crijeva (4 %). Zastupljena među deset najčešćih uzroka smrti bolesti probavnog sustava su kronične bolesti jetre, fibroza i ciroza. Najistaknutiji u skupini bolesti dišnog sustava su bronhitis, emfizem i astma . U ovom trenutku , smrtnost rodilja se zadržala se na niskoj razini zahvaljujući postojećim mehanizmima antenatalne, perinatalne i postnatalne skrbi definirane standardima zaštite, odnosno programskim mjerama zdravstvene zaštite. Programi prevencije i programi usmjereni na smanjenje broja smrti od ozljeda još nisu razvijeni na nacionalnoj razini, a tu su i neki programi usmjereni na prevenciju specifičnih uzroka smrti (npr. prometne nesreće). Dakle , potrebno je razvijati multidisciplinarni pristup takvih programa, imajući u vidu specifične uzrok smrti. Osim toga, sprječavanje i suzbijanje određenih najčešćih uzroka smrti žena plodne dobi se provodi kroz različite metode zdravstvenog odgoja (predavanja i akcija organiziranih povodom Svjetskog dana zdravlja, specifičnim obrazovnim programima u lokalnim zajednicama). 0.84 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG 5 - Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio - Most maternal deaths could be avoided - Giving birth is especially risky in Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, where most women deliver without skilled care - The rural-urban gap in skilled care during childbirth has narrowed - Achieve universal access to reproductive health & inadequate funding for family planning is a major failure in fulfilling commitments to improving women’s reproductive health - More women are receiving antenatal care - Inequalities in care during pregnancy are striking - Only one in three rural women in developing regions receive the recommended care during pregnancy - Progress has stalled in reducing the number of teenage pregnancies, putting more young mothers at risk - Poverty and lack of education perpetuate high adolescent birth rates - Progress in expanding the use of contraceptives by women has slowed & use of contraception is lowest among the poorest women and those with no education