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When we learn about the mysteries of the universe in order to know about the world of stars and their life cycle and the celestial body Quasar, today is the turn of the galaxy. What kind of galaxy is it and how it is formed, read this interesting article: Peninsular Universal Galaxy When we see the sky full of stars in the night, we get energized with the splendor of its splendor. If we look in the sky in a village, it is even more enjoyable, because in the villages there is less dazzle of light in the villages and the environment is clean and peaceful. When we observe the sky every day, we slowly start to realize that neither the light of all stars is identical nor the color of them All the stars and star clusters we can see with our naked eyes are all members of a very comprehensive plan, which appears to be in the sky almost equal to the river stretching from north to south. This is called 'galaxy' or 'galaxy'. If we define the galaxy in the scientific language, then we can say that it is a group of stars that are interconnected due to their own gravity. Ancient astrologers only considered the white stripes visible in the sky only as a galaxy. But today we know that in addition to billions of stars (most of which do not show with the naked eyes), our earth, moon, all other planets, the moon (natural satellite) of all the planets, meteoroid and All other members of the solar system are involved. This is also called the 'Peninsular Universal' due to the vastness of the galaxy. There are millions of billions of galaxies in our universe. In each galaxy there are also large clouds of gases and dust in addition to stars. These huge clouds are called nebula in star geology. 98% of the galaxy's total matter is made of stars and the remaining 2% is made of gas and dust clouds. Classification of galaxies based on structure Do you know that not all galaxies are the same? Galaxies are of three types based on the structure - spiral, elliptical and column spiral. Spiral Galaxy: The structure of the spiral galaxy is of the size of the disk. The central part of the spiral galaxies appears to be slightly raised. Outside the central part, two strange structures appear to be out of hand. In this type of galaxy, there are mainly 'A' and 'B' types of hot and bright stars. As we know, the life span of 'A' and 'B' type is very short. Therefore, we can say that there are fewer stars in the spiral galaxy. And here the new stars are also being built. Our galaxy is similar to the structure. Our neighbors Mandakini Devyani (Andromeda) also has a spiral structure. Do you know that 80% galaxies are present in spiral structures in all galaxies present in the entire universe. Elliptical Galaxies: These types of galaxies are smooth and without any quirks. Nearly 17% of the galaxies in the total galaxies so far known in the universe are of this type of structure. Column spirals and irregular galaxies: The two spiral arms of this type of galaxy appear to be emerging from both ends of a straight column. This direct column passes through the center of the galaxy. Approximately 1% of the galaxies in this known galaxy are similar structures. In addition to these three types of galaxies, approximately 2% of galaxies in the universe have irregular structures. Their size is irregular and they are small. Our Milky Way: Milky way: Our Sun and its family, namely the Solar System, which is a member of the galaxy, its name is Milky way. Imagine a flat roti to understand the size of the galaxy, whose middle is slightly floral. Together with billions of stars, a huge scheme is formed, which is called 'Mandakini'. In reality, the galaxy is a mandrakini itself. The diameter of our galaxy is approximately one million light-years and it has more than 100 billion stars; That is, its entire mass is equal to our 100 billion Suns. Our galaxy i.e. lactose is a member of a group of 24 galaxies called 'local groups'. Our Sun is about 30,000 light years away from the center of the galaxy. Sun is rotating in the center of the galaxy at a speed of 220 kilometers per second. Sun takes about 25 million years to complete a revolution of the galaxy. The interesting thing is that in the entire existence of man on earth, the Sun has not completed any orbital of the galaxy. In the early decades of the twentieth century, astronomers had such a belief that the entire universe is contained in our galaxy, but this assumption finally becomes completely wrong. In 1924 an American astronomer Edwin Hubbal proved that galaxies exist in millions of crores of cosmos in the universe. After proving the existence of the other galaxies, Hubble spent observing his spectrum in later years and in the construction of the table. Expanding universe: Edwin Hubble concludes from his observations that galaxies are not stable in the universe, as their distance increases, so the speed of their running away becomes faster. This fact can be explained in the same way - assuming that galaxies are moving very large velocity away from us with light equal velocity. The galaxies are moving away and the universe is spreading. This has been known by the Doppler effect. Characters of all galaxies are moving towards the red end, that is, they are moving away from the Earth, if the galaxies were coming closer to the Earth, then there would be un-displacement. So today many facts are indicating that the Universe is expanding like optical-velocity, in the same way as we inflate balloons, then we see the distances moving between its dots. In 2011, three astronomers from the Nobel Prize, Saul Perlmutter, Adam G. Riess, and Brian P. Schmidt concluded that acceleration in the speed of the universe's expansion was accelerating. That is, the universe is spreading not at the same speed but speed. The main reason for its acceleration is black energy. That is, the black energy is speeding up the expansion of the universe. According to Hubble's findings, the velocity of a galaxy can be removed by the following formula: Velocity of the galaxy = Hubble-constant x distance (V = Hxd)
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Iza debele magle naše galaksije, astronomi su izgleda naišli na jednu od najvećih poznatih struktura u svemiru. Novopronađenom superklasteru dali su ime Vela. Radi se o masivnoj grupi više galaktičkih klastera, od kojih se svaki sastoji od stotina ili tisuća zasebnih galaksija, piše Business Insider. Strukturu je otkrio tim astrofizičara Reneea Krann Kortwega sa sveučilišta u Cape Townu, a ime je je dobila po konstelaciji Vela blizu koje je pronađena. Dugo bio neprimjećen Možda je teško povjerovati da je tako velik objekt toliko dugo bio neprimjećen, ali ako se uzme u obzir gdje se nalazi Zemlja, sve ima puno više smisla. Mliječni put se širi i sačinjava ga 100 milijardi zvijezda, trilijuni planeta i oblaci plina i prašine. Od svega toga vrlo je teško ugledati atronomske strukture izvan same galaksije. Galaksije se kreću zajedno Kraan Korteweg i kolege strukturu su uočili koristeći više teleskopa. Uz podatke koje su prikupili izračunali su koliko se brzo koja galaksija udaljava od Zemlje. Tako su otkrili da se sve galaksije koje su vidjeli, a po svemu sudeći i milijuni drugih koje ne mogu vidjeti, zapravo kreću zajedno. ”Postalo je očito da promatramo masivnu mrežu galaksija” rekla je Michell Culver, jedna od astrofizičarki koja je radila na projektu. Istraživači procjenjuju da je superklaster Vela otprilike jednako velik kao superklaster Shapely, koji sadrži oko 8600 galaksija.