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Chinese symbols Symbols play an important role in the Chinese tradition and culture. They follow a Chinese person throughout their life, from birth to death. Hence, entering the world of Chinese symbols enables us to better understand the nature of the people of China. Chinese tradition and its connection to symbolism in a broad sense goes back to ancient times. Up until today, the Chinese pay to it a great deal of attention. They are eager to buy talismans and various amulets, which are thought to bring happiness, prosperity and protection against evil forces. According to the Chinese, it is symbols among other things, which bring order to the world, and allow us to live by certain principles. This is why the Chinese surround themselves with symbols at home, at work, carry them around or include in their company logo. In the world of Chinese symbols, it is animals and colours that play a pivotal role. Dragon’s goodness, Turtle’s constancy The Chinese believe in the power of the so-called four miraculous animals derived from ancient mythology: the dragon, the phoenix, the unicorn and the turtle. The dragon symbolises luck and goodness. It is one of the most important creatures within the Chinese mythology and possibly the one most frequently associated with China by the average European. Since the beginning of time, the dragon has represented the male yang energy and creativity. To carry dragon talismans is thus meant to empower the Chinese person with positive energy. The dragon also plays an important role in the traditional wedding rituals in China. The implied meaning of the dragon’s dance during the wedding reception is strongly sexual. It is during that dance that the newlyweds leave the wedding reception to retire. Another popular creature of power in China is the phoenix. In the Chinese mythology, the phoenix was pictured as the ruler of all birds. It became a symbol of virtue and grace, but above all of the yin energy. It is seen as the embodiment of femininity. The Chinese phoenix coupled with the Chinese dragon represent the perfect relation between a married couple, and is also a reference to the yin and yang energies. The animal symbol of goodness in China is the unicorn. The Chinese version is, however, different from the one known in the Western culture. It may have not a single but two, or even three horns on its head. The unicorn is also a symbol of the willingness to have children. The turtle, on the other hand, is a symbol of endurance, independence as well as of wisdom and longevity. According to Chinese tradition, the turtle holds within the secrets of Heaven and Earth. Apart from these four supernatural creatures, the Chinese symbolism also contains other animals such as the tiger, the deer, the crane or the lion. The Lion in Chinese beliefs is a symbol of power, majesty and happiness. It is supposed to protect people from evil forces. Sculptures showing a lion are often seen in front of the entrance to important buildings and public objects. The TIENS Group also uses this symbol in its branding. It is a lion with spread wings – the Heavenly Lion, which is a symbol of strength and freedom. White sadness, red happiness Colours in China may often symbolise different things than in Europe. This is worth noting both in business and social interactions. It is, therefore, easy to commit a faux pas while giving presents, sending letters or invitations and choosing clothing for both more or less official occasions. Let us take white for instance, the Western symbol of purity, innocence, assigned mainly to wedding traditions, hence associated with happy moments. However, in Chinese tradition white describes mourning and sadness. For a Chinese person the colour of happiness is red. This is why decoration used during wedding ceremonies are in this colour. Similarly, during other family festivities a red ribbon with a coin is tied around the leg of a newborn child for instance. The colour of the ribbon is supposed bring the child happiness during their life, and the coin is meant to protect from evil. In China, a month after a child is born, a celebration is organised to honour the newborn, during which the guests present the child with red eggs. They symbolise harmony and happiness. Red in China also means loyalty and courage, it brings fame and aids maintaining good health. Thus, the Chinese believe it is always advisable to always have something of the red colour with oneself. Game of colours During contacts with the Chinese be careful with black. In has double connotations in China - both positive and negative. It may symbolise determination, righteousness and selflessness whilst resembling iron. It may, however, also mean evil, secrecy, cunningness and deceit. Violet, on the other hand is a ’safe’ colour, which the Chinese connect to wisdom and empowerment. Blue, in turn, means purity, naiveness and melancholy. Its shade in the Chinese tradition is rather green-blue. It is often associated with childhood. Green is the colour of spring, life, dynamism, but it may also have bad connotations. For example, green can be associated with infidelity. In the past, yellow, which to a Western mind - similarly to red - connects with the colours of China, was an imperial colour. Assigned solely to the imperial family, it symbolised power and wealth. Later on, its use became more frequent, however in today’s China it is no longer connected so unambiguously. While exploring the Chinese symbols it is worth bearing in mind China is constantly redefining itself. Although tradition is a great value there, the Western world permeating business, cultural, and political interactions, influences the Chinese everyday life. Hence, exceptions from the rule do occur, when a Chinese bride wears white, and a global Chinese company’s logo bears colours associated positively also in Europe.
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Kineski znakovi Simboli igraju važnu ulogu u kineskoj tradiciji i kulturi. Oni slijede kinesku osobu tijekom njihovog života, od rođenja do smrti. Dakle, ulazak u svijet kineskih simbola omogućuje nam da bolje razumijemo prirodu kineskog naroda. Kineska tradicija i njihovaa povezanost sa simbolikom u širem smislu seže do antičkih vremena. Sve do danas, Kinezi joj posvećuju veliku pažnju. Oni kupuju talismane i razne amajlije, za koje se smatra da donose sreću, blagostanje i zaštitu od zlih sila. Prema Kinezima, to je simbol za koji se smatra da može uvesti red u svijet, i dopušta nam da živimo po određenim načelima. To je razlog zašto su Kinezi okruženi sa simbolima u svojim kućama, na poslu, nositi ih posvuda ili uključuju u logotipe tvrtke. U svijetu kineskih simbola, životinje i boje igraju ključnu ulogu. Zmajeva dobrota, stalnost kornjače Kinezi vjeruju u moć tzv. četiri čudesne životinje dobivene iz antičke mitologije: Zmaj, feniks, jednorog i kornjača. Zmaj simbolizira sreću i dobrotu. To je jedan od najvažnijih stvorenja u japanskoj mitologiji i vjerojatno jedan od simbola koji se najčešće povezuje s Kinom od strane Europljana. Od početka vremena, zmaj je predstavljao mušku yang energiju i kreativnost. Nošenje talismana posvuda značilo je lakše okruženje pozitivne energije. Zmaj također igra važnu ulogu u tradicionalnim vjenčanim ritualima u Kini. Značenje koje se pridaje zmajevom plesu na Još jedno popularno stvorenje moći u Kini je Phoenix. U kineskoj mitologiji, Phoenix je prikazan kao vladar svih ptica. Ona je postala simbol kreposti i milosti, ali prije svega yin energije. Ona se vidi kao utjelovljenje ženstvenosti. Kineski Phoenix zajedno s kineskom zmajem predstavlja savršenu vezu između bračnog para, a također je referenca na yin i yang energiju. Životinja simbol dobrote u Kini je jednorog. Kineska verzija se, međutim, razlikuje od onoga što je poznato u zapadnoj kulturi. On može imati niti jedan, ili dva, ili čak tri roga na glavi. Jednorog je također simbol spremnosti bračnog para da imaju djecu. Kornjača je, s druge strane, simbol izdržljivosti, neovisnosti, mudrosti i dugovječnosti. Prema kineskoj tradiciji, kornjača unutar sebe drži tajne Neba i Zemlje. Osim ova četiri nadnaravna stvorenja, kineska simbolika sadrži i druge životinje poput tigra, jelena, ždrala ili lava. (NAPOMENA: Više informacija slijedi nakon klika ovdje) Lav je, prema kineskim uvjerenja simbol snage, veličanstvenosti i sreće. Smatra se kako štiti ljude od zlih sila. Skulpture lava često se viđaju ispred ulaza u važnie zgrade i javnie objekte. Grupacija Tiens također koristi taj simbol u svom brandingu. To je lav s raširenim krilima - Nebeski Lav, koji je simbol snage i slobode. Bijela tuga, crvena sreća Boje u Kini često simboliziraju drugačije stvari nego u Europi, kako u poslu i društvenim interakcijama. Zato je lako učiniti pogrešnu gestu prilikom darivanja, slanja pisma i poziva i odabiru odjeće za više ili manje svečane prigode. Uzmimo bijelu boju – na Zapadu simbol ječistoće, nevinosti, povezuje se uglavnom s vjenčanjima, i možemo zaokružiti da je se povezuje sa sretnim trenucima. Međutim, u kineskoj tradiciji bijelom opisuju tugu i žalost. Za Kineze boja sreće je crvena. To je razlog zašto koriste crvene ukrase tijekom ceremonije vjenčanja. Isto tako, tijekom ostalih obiteljskih svečanosti crvena vrpca s novčićem veže se oko nogu novorođenog djeteta. Boja trake bi trebala donijeti sreću djetetu tijekom njihova života, a novac je namijenjen za zaštitu od zla. U Kini, mjesec dana nakon što se dijete rodi, proslava je organizirana u čast novorođenčeta, u kojem ga gosti daruju crvenim jajima. Ona simboliziraju sklad i sreću. Crvena u Kini također znači odanost i hrabrost, donosi slavu i pomaže održavanju dobrog zdravlja. Dakle, Kinezi vjeruju da je uvijek poželjno imati nešto u crvenoj boji sa sobom. Igra bojama Tijekom kontakata s Kinezima biti oprezni s crnom. U Kini ima dvostruko značenje - i pozitivno i negativno. To može simbolizirati odlučnost, pravednost i nesebičnost dok predstavlja metal. Međutim, može značiti zlo, tajnovitost, lukavost i prijevaru. Ljubičasta je, s druge strane "sigurna" boja, koju Kinezi povezuju s mudrošću i osnaživanjem. Plava, pak, znači čistoći, naivnost i melankoliju. Njena nijansa je, u kineskoj tradiciji, zeleno-plava. To je često povezao s djetinjstvom. Zelena je boja proljeća, života, dinamčnosti, ali također može imati loše konotacije. Na primjer, zelena može biti povezan s nevjerom. U prošlosti je žuta, koja se u zapadnom svijetu - slično kao i crvena - povezuje s bojama Kine, bila carska boja. Dodjeljivana je isključivo carskim obiteljima, što simbolizira moć i bogatstvo. Kasnije, njena je upotreba postala češća, ali današnjoj Kini više nije toliko jednoznačna. Dok pričamo o simbolima u Kini, moramo imati na umu da je Kinezi učestalo redefiniraju. Iako tradicija ima veliku važnost, utjecaj Zapada u poslovnom svijetu, kulturnim i političkim interakcijama, ona utječe na kineski svakodnevni život. Iako je tradicija velika vrijednost postoji, zapadni svijet prožima poslovanja, kulturne i političke interakcije, utječe na kinesko svakodnevni život. Za naglasiti je da iznimke od pravila postoje, kada Kineska mlada obuče bijelo, a globalna kineska kompanija nosi logo u bojama pozitivnim u Europi.