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Morihei Ueshiba5th December 2016 - 3 minutes read Morihei Ueshiba’s Biography: Morihei Ueshiba founded a martial art we know as Aikido, (known as O’Sensei), born in Tanabe on 14th December 1883. Around 1930, he formulated this new art after an intense study of several other martial arts most notably Daito Ryu Jujutsu, under Sokaku Takeda. His first teacher was Takisaburo Tozawa of the Kito school of Jujutsu. In 1903 Ueshiba Sensei entered the army and fought in the Russo-Japanese war. The Ueshiba fighting spirit: He was well known for his fortitude and fighting spirit. He was only 5 feet 2 inches but weighed 180lb. In 1908, at the age of 25, he received a certificate from the Yagyu sword school. This was after studying with Master Masakatsu Nakai. In 1916, at the age of 33, he received a certificate from Sokaku Takeda the head of the Daito Ryu school of Jujutsu. Daito Ryu is possibly the school to which Ueshiba’s new art bears the closest relation to its unarmed techniques. In 1922 he studied Shinkage Ryu Jujutsu and from 1924-5 Sojutsu (spear). Ueshiba was active in local politics helping to resolve fishing and boundary disputes. In 1910 he led a group of settlers to Hokkaido, the then sparsely populated Northernmost island of Japan. He was a devoutly religious man having studied Shingon and Zen Buddhism from an early age. Ueshiba met Onisaburo Deguchi in 1918 and became a follower and close companion of his. In 1924 Ueshiba Sensei travelled to Mongolia with Deguchi with the aim of establishing a community based on the values of his Omoto Kyo religion. Chinese soldiers captured them and they narrowly escaped execution. The moment of enlightenment: In 1925, following a duel with a naval officer – an expert swordsman – Ueshiba had a mystical experience. He described it thus: “…. a golden spirit sprang up from the ground, veiled my body, and changed my body into a golden one…. At that moment I was enlightened: the source of Budo is god’s love – the spirit of loving protection for all things.” This incident marked a watershed in the evolution of Ueshiba’s art from a predominantly martial technique to a method with a philosophical foundation”. Aikido was born: In 1931, the Kobukan, they built a permanent dojo (training hall), on the site of the present headquarters in Shinjuku, Tokyo. 1948 saw the founding of the Aikikai, the organisation controlling the practice and teaching of Aikido. During the early 50’s several senior teachers went abroad, Mochizuki to France, Tohei to the USA and Yamaguchi to Burma. Since then, Aikido has continued to spread and is practised in many countries throughout the world. The present Headmaster of The Aikikai is Moriteru Ueshiba, the grandson of Morihei Ueshiba. Died aged 85, on 26th April 1969 in Iwama.
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Od najstarijih vremena poznata je povezanost ratničkih vještina i duhovnosti. Jedna od najljepših takvih priča upravo je ona o liku i djelu Moriheia Ueshibe. To je priča o potpunoj posvećenosti Putu ratnika, ljubavi prema Bogu i čovjeku, nesebičnosti, hrabrosti, volji i odlučnosti. To je priča o vrhunskom majstoru borilačkih vještina koji u svom radu na sebi i stremljenju duhu zalazi s one strane materije i doživljava prosvjetljenje a kao rezultat toga stanja rađa se Aikido. Morihei Ueshiba rođen je 14. prosinca 1883. u gradu Tanabe u pokrajini Wakayama. Od 1912. do 1919. živi na Hokkaido-u gdje upoznaje Sokaku Takeda-u, majstora Daito Ryu Aikijujutsu-a te postaje njegov učenik. Daito Ryu Aikijujutsu ima najveći utjecaj na današnju tehničku formu Aikido-a uz ostale borilačke vještine kao što su: Tenjin Shinyo Ryu Jujutsu, Yagyu Ryu Jujutsu i Kodokan Judo. Godine 1919. Ueshiba upoznaje Onisaburo Deguchi-a, karizmatičnog duhovnog vođu Omoto Kyo religije te se nedugo zatim seli u Ayabe, centar Omoto Kyo religije, u blizini Kyota gdje boravi do 1927. Godine 1927. odlazi u Tokyo. Prvi trajni dojo otvara 1931. godine. Od vremena vježbanja s majstorom Takeda-om, pa sve do 1935. godine, Ueshiba aktivno podučava Daito Ryu Aikijujutsu tehnike te dodjeljuje diplome iste škole. Ueshiba i dalje podučava Daito Ryu ali u modificiranoj formi koja se najčešće spominje kao prijeratni Aiki Budo. Oružje Godine 1937. Ueshiba zajedno sa svojim učenikom Zenzaburo Akazawa se priključuje školi mača Kashima Shinto Ryu čije forme mača kasnije uklapa u Aikido te one predsatvljaju temelj Aiki ken tehnika. Porjeklo tehnika s štapom (jo) kakve je podučavao O-Sensei nije jasno dokumentirano. Neki smatraju da je utjecaj na tehnike štapa imala vještina Katori Shinto Ryu koju je vježbao jedan od ranijih Ueshibinih učenika (Aritoshi Murashige). Poznato je i da je O`Sensei proučavao rad s oružjem kao što su yari (koplje), juken (bajonet) i naginata (helebarda). Također je vidljivo da u tehnikama sa štapom su integrirane tehnike mača. Na krajnje oblikovanje tehnika s štapom vjerojatni jaki utjecaj imao je i jedinstveni Ueshibin koncept kretanja tijela (tai sabaki). Godine 1942., Ueshiba odlazi u selo Iwama, u pokrajini Ibaraki, gdje se posvećuje meditaciji, treningu i obrađivanju zemlje. Tamo je za vrijeme jednog od najmračnijih perioda ljudske povijesti, razvijao borilačku umjetnost koja zagovara mir i razumijevanje među ljudima. Tijekom ranih godina u Iwami, Ueshiba se ozbiljno posvetio učenju tehnika mačem (ken) i štapom (jo). Proučavajući ih i trenirajući, njegova je borilačka umjetnost poprimila formu opsežne Budo vještine koja se sastojala od vježbi sa i bez oružja. O`Sensei je u Iwami intenzivno vježbao i neprestano usavršavao svoj Aikido do kraja života. "Slobodan kao nikada prije da se s potpunom koncentracijom posveti Budo učenju, Morihei se predao intenzivnom treningu i molitvi u nastojanju da nastavi usavršavati borilačku vještinu koja se zauzima za postizanje nenasilnog razrješenja sukoba." (Takemusu Aikido vol. 1, ur: Stanley Pranin.) Osnivač se vrača izvoru 1969. godine, ostavljajući Morihiro Saito-u svoj "Aiki Shuren Dojo" i Aiki Jinja (Aiki svetište) a s time i odgovornost zaštite i čuvanja učenja i duha Aikido-a.