http___www.undp.org_content_croatia_hr_home_mdgoverview_overview_mdg4__1.xml
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- UNDP around the world close Many of UNDP's relationships with countries and territories on the ground exceed 60 years. Find details on our successes and ongoing work. Visit UNDP's global website. - Afghanistan - Albania - Algeria - Angola - Argentina - Armenia - Azerbaijan - Bahrain - Bangladesh - Barbados - Belarus - Belize - Benin - Bhutan - Bolivia - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Botswana - Brazil - Bulgaria - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Cambodia - Cameroon - Cape Verde - Central African Republic - Chad - Chile - China - Colombia - Comoros - Congo (Dem. Republic of) - Congo (Republic of) - Costa Rica - Côte d'Ivoire - Croatia - Cuba - Cyprus - Democratic People's Republic of Korea - Denmark (Rep. Office) - Djibouti - Dominican Republic - E.U. (Rep. Office) - Ecuador - Egypt - El Salvador - Equatorial Guinea - Eritrea - Ethiopia - Fiji - Finland (Rep. Office) - Gabon - Gambia - Geneva (Rep. 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Office) - Trinidad and Tobago - Tunisia - Turkey - Turkmenistan - Uganda - Ukraine - United Arab Emirates Regional PresenceMuch of UNDP’s work is administered through 5 regional bureaus. - Operations - Research & Publications - News Centre 6 Reduce child mortality Where we are In Rwanda, looking beyond 2015 the Government’s 2020 target for the infant mortality rate is 30, which is higher than the 2015 target of 28. According to the latest statistics available, Infant mortality stood at 50 per 1000 live births in 2010 meaning that of every 1000 babies born in Rwanda, 50 die before their first birthday. Yet given adequate care and a good environment most of them could survive. The infant mortality rate (IMR) stood at 85 prior to the Genocide against The Tutsi, increased dramatically during and in the aftermath of the tragic events of 1994 and reached a peak of 107 in 2000. Since then it has fallen dramatically, to 85 by 2005 and 62 in 2008 and 50 in 2010. To hit the MDG Target it will have to fall to 28, which would mean accelerating the rate of decline significantly. The major cause of mortality amongst children is malaria, followed by anaemia, acute respiratory infection and diarrhoea – all of which are preventable through comprehensive and well-coordinated interventions including the distribution of mosquito nets, improved access to water and sanitation, improved cook stoves and simple health interventions such as rehydration salts (Ministry of Health et al 2009). Vaccination coverage is improving with an increase in the proportion of children having all vaccinations from 75 per cent in 2005 to 90 per cent in 2010. The Target for the proportion of children immunised against measles has almost been achieved and the rate is likely to continue to go up. Recognising that improving health requires a partnership between the Government and local communities, the Ministry of Health has put in place mechanisms that directly involve and empower local communities in health promotion. Community Health Workers (CHWs) have proven to be a way of providing g effective and efficient basic health care services at a community level in a resource –constrained country with financial, infrastructural and geographical barriers to accessing health care. The significant improvements in child and maternal health witnesses over the last five to 10 years are undoubtedly due, at least in part, to the service provided by CHWs. The allocation of a specific budget for Child Health in the Ministry of Health, will support the implementation the key prioirities to accelerate the progress to achieve this MDG4, such as the training of medical staff and CHWs, improve medical equipment as well as rolling out the Social Protection Programme (VUP). Infant Mortality Rate per 1000 Live Births 0.84 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG4 - Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five - Under-five mortality rate - Infant mortality rate - Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles
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Perinatalna smrtnost se smanjila, dok su uzroci dojenačke smrti u Hrvatskoj ne razlikuju od uzroka dojenačkih smrti u razvijenim zemljama. Udio nekontroliranih i nedovoljno kontroliranih trudnoća se već dugi niz godina bilježi ispod 5% (u 2008, bilo je 3,2 % potpuno nekontroliranih i 1,5 % nedovoljno kontroliranih trudnoća s 1-2 pregleda tijekom trudnoće). Od ključne važnosti za ublažavanje ovog problema je zdravstveni odgoj i obrazovanje vezano za planiranje obitelji i reproduktivno zdravlje, posebice školske djece i adolescenata kao i trudnica. Cilj 2 - . " Poboljšanje antenatalne skrbi " provodi se u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti omogućenoj svakoj ženi koja je zdravstveni osiguranik. Prosječan broj pregleda po trudnici u promatranom razdoblju povećan je na 6-8 pregleda. U skladu sa Programom zdravstvene zaštite, idealan broj pregleda je 10 kliničkih i 3 ultrazvučnih pregleda po trudnici. Više od 65 % trudnica imalo je više od 9 preglede za vrijeme trudnoće. Postoji dovoljan broj patronažnih sestara. Prema propisnim normama i standardima obavezne zdrastvene zaštite, jedna patronažna sestra treba obuhvatiti 5.100 stanovnika, taj uvijet je općenito ispunjen. Program mjera za zaštitu zdravlja određuje standardni broj posjeta trudnicama (1), novim majkama (2), novorođenčadi (2), i tijekom neonatalnog razdoblja dojenčadi (1). Dosegnut broj posjeta novim majkama (3,4), novorođenčadi (3,9), trudnicama (0.55), i post neonatalnog razdoblja doječnadi (1,8) svjedoče iznad standardnim rezultatima. Danas u Hrvatskoj postoji 30 rodilišta, 15 od kojih nose titulu „rodilišta-prijatelji djece“ . Međutim, valja naglasiti da su se sva rodilišta uključila u program i napravila značajne korake u promicanju dojenja te humanizacije uvjeta u hrvatskim rodilištima. Spomenuti program naglašava ulogu zajednice i skupina za potporu dojenja. Također treba naglasiti da se počelo sa 16 skupina u 2006, a sada ima 101 skupina, na čelu s patronažnim sestrama i pet grupa iz udruga civilnog društva u 19 hrvatskih županija. U odnosu na 2008, 23 nove grupe za potporu dojenja patronažnih sestara su osnovane 2009 godine i po prvi put takve grupe su prisutne u sedam županija. U prosincu 2009, ukupno 105 skupina je bilo aktivno (100 skupina u organizaciji patronažnih sestara i pet od strane nevladinih skupina). Poboljšana komunikacija, pogotovo razmjena informacija unutar osnovnih zdravstvenih usluga (ginekologa i kućnih liječničkih služba ), će pomoći doći do većeg broja nedovoljno kontroliranih trudnica. S ciljem daljnjeg poboljšanja ishoda novorođenčadi sa vrlo niskom porođajnom težinom i porođajima prije termina, potrebno je povećati broj kreveta u visokim institucijama za prevožene majke, reorganizacijom broja ležaja u unutar i između bolnica a time i povećati broj ležajeva za novorođenčad. Kategorizacija bolnica je u tijeku te će regionalne organizacije perinatalne zdravstvene zaštite biti sastavni dio ovog projekta. Kao dio aktivnosti programa „dostava u vaš dom“, predloženo je da se pripreme za organizaciju prijevoza za cijelu županiju usklade s preporukama struke i definiranjem osoblja, opreme i financijskih sredstavakoja su potrebna za realizaciju plana nakon predložene organizacije. 0.84 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG4 - Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five - Under-five mortality rate - Infant mortality rate - Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles