http___www.telegram.hr_politika-kriminal_zasto-samo-nasa-vlada-posve-ignorira-vazan-kineski-projekt-koji-bi-nam-mogao-donijeti-milijunska-ulaganja__1.xml
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World Leaders Gather in Beijing While the US Sinks into Irrelevancy While vaudevillian comedy-like shouting matches broke out in the West Wing of the White House between President Donald Trump and his senior advisers and between the White House press secretary and various presidential aides, world leaders gathered in Beijing to discuss the creation of modern-day land and maritime «silk roads» to improve the economic conditions of nations around the world. Nothing more could have illustrated the massive divide between the concerns of many of the nations of the world and those of the United States, which is rapidly descending into second-rate power status, along with its NATO allies Britain, France, and Germany. While Mr. Trump was threatening to fire his senior White House staff, reprising his one-time role in his reality television show «The Apprentice», China’s President Xi Jinping, Russian President Vladimir Putin, and presidents and prime ministers from around the world sat down to discuss the creation of new international and intercontinental highways, railways, and maritime routes under China’s proposed Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Even countries that are cool on the Chinese initiative, including India and Japan, sent representatives to the summit that carried a bit more clout than the pathetic representation of the United States, Matt Pottinger, a little-known special assistant to Trump and the senior director for East Asia of National Security Council. In fact, the only reason Trump sent anyone to represent the United States at the Beijing gathering was because of a special request made by President Xi during his recent meeting with Trump at the president’s private Mar-a-Lago Club resort in Palm Beach, Florida. South Korea, which saw relations with China sour over America’s placement of Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile system in South Korea, sent a delegation to Beijing after a phone call between South Korea’s new liberal president, Moon Jae-in, and President Xi. Moon responded to the phone call by sending a delegation led by his Democratic Party’s veteran legislator to Beijing. Even North Korea, which rankled South Korea, Japan, and the United States by firing a ballistic missile into waters near Russia, sent a delegation to the Beijing meeting headed by Kim Yong Jae, the North’s Minister of External Economic Relations. The Trump administration, which sent a virtual unknown to Beijing, complained loudly about North Korea’s representation at the Silk Road summit. But Washington’s complaint was conveyed by someone as unknown as Mr. Pottinger, Anna Richey-Allen, a low-level spokesperson for the U.S. State Department's East Asia Bureau. The reason why the United States is being spoken for by middle-grade bureaucrats is that the nation that still believes it is the world’s only remaining «superpower» is now governed by an administration rife with top-level vacancies, inter-agency squabbling, and amateur league players. Even though major European Union member states were not represented in Beijing by their heads of government, Germany sent its Economy Minister, Brigitte Zypries. She warned, however, that the EU would not sign a Silk Road agreement with China unless certain EU demands on free trade and labor conditions were guaranteed. Germany’s reticence did not seem to faze other EU nations, which were represented in Beijing by their heads of government and appeared to be more avid in their support of the Chinese initiative. These EU member state leaders included Italian Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni, Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy, Polish Prime Minister Beata Szydlo, Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, Czech President Milos Zeman, and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban. Moreover, had British Prime Minister Theresa May not been in the middle of a general election campaign, she would have been in Beijing. Nevertheless, she sent British Chancellor of the Exchequer Philip Hammond in her place. If the Trump administration hoped to convince world leaders to stay away from Beijing, it was sorely disappointed. The United Nations Secretary General, Antonio Guterres, was there, along with the President of the World Bank Jim Yong Kim and International Monetary Fund Managing Director Christine Lagarde. Also present in Beijing were the presidents of Turkey, Philippines, Argentina, Chile, Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Switzerland, Kenya, Uzbekistan, and Laos, as well as the prime ministers of Vietnam, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Serbia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Fiji, Ethiopia, Cambodia, and Myanmar. Ministerial delegations from Afghanistan, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Brazil, Egypt, Finland, Iran, Kuwait, Lebanon, Maldives, Romania, Nepal, New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Uganda, and the United Arab Emirates were at the Beijing summit. Japan was represented by the senior adviser to Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Secretary General of the Liberal Democratic Party, Toshihiro Nikai. France, which was experiencing a change of presidents, sent former Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin. The Silk Road initiative has projects planned in all the nations whose governments were represented in Beijing, except for the United States and Israel. In addition to the nations represented by their government heads of state and ministers, Silk Road agreements were signed between China and Palestine, Georgia, Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Tajikistan, Brunei, Croatia, and East Timor. The one clear message the Beijing meeting sent out to the world is that America’s «unipolar» vision of the world was dead and buried. Even among Washington’s longtime friends and allies, one will not hear Donald Trump referred to as the «leader of the Free World.» That phrase has been discarded into the waste bin of history along with America’s insistence that it is the world’s only «superpower.» The United States is a power, a second-rate one that happens to possess a first-rate nuclear arsenal. But nuclear weapons were not being discussed in Beijing. Major projects were on the agenda, projects that when completed will leave the United States at sea in the propeller wash. President Xi, in his keynote address to the conference, said that the «One Belt and One Road» initiative is «a project of the century» and that will benefit everybody across the world. And to put his money where his mouth is, Xi said China will contribute 80 billion yuan (US$113 billion) as added financial impetus to create a global network of highway, railway, and maritime links in a recreation of the ancient Silk Road that linked China to the West. Meanwhile, in Washington, Trump spoke of having recorded «taped» conversations with his fired director of the FBI James Comey, setting off a political firestorm. A new global infrastructure being spoken about in Beijing and political hijinks the major topic of conversation in Washington. The United States has fallen into second-rate global status and is seriously ill as a cohesive nation-state but does not even realize it. China and Russia used the Beijing summit to showcase several Eurasian initiatives, including the Russia-inspired Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) and the China-initiated Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). Both the Chinese and Russian heads of state let it be known that the BRICS alliance of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa was still a potent world entity, even though South Africa was not represented in Beijing by its president and India chose not to send any representative to Beijing. President Putin’s words to the conference about the new geopolitical status in the world were noteworthy: «the greater Eurasia is not an abstract geopolitical arrangement but, without exaggeration, a truly civilization-wide project looking toward the future.» In other words, the European Union, which is losing the United Kingdom as a member and will never see membership for Turkey, is a dying international organism. Other international initiatives, like the EEU, BRICS, AIIB, and the One Belt, One Road (OBOR), are leaving the EU and the United States in the dust. That was evident by the fact that the United States was represented in Beijing by an overrated desk clerk and the EU by a Brussels «Eurocrat,» the European Commission vice president Jyrki Katainen.
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Hrvatska je opet izostala s jednog važnog međunarodnog političkog i ekonomskog skupa na kojemu su predstavnici 70 zemlja i međunarodnih institucija raspravljali o investicijama vrijednim više od pet tisuća milijardi dolara. Riječ je o kineskom projektu stoljeća One Belt, One Road (Jedan pojas, jedna cesta,) koji na tragu nekadašnjeg drevnog trgovačkog Puta svile, namjerava kopnenim putem povezati zemlje od Kine do Turske, Rusije, Rumunjske i sjevera Europe. Istodobno, Pomorski put svile 21. stoljeća, izgradnjom lučkih infrastruktura, želi pojačati promet morskim rutama od Azije do Afričkog roga i Sueskog kanala te do sjevernog Jadrana. Dakle, projekt One Belt, One Road doseže i do Hrvatske, ali do sada Zagreb nije pokazao poseban interes za tu golemu investiciju koja predviđa izgradnju na desetke tisuća kilometara autoputeva i željezničkih pruga, mostova i luka, plinovoda i naftovoda, energetskih i komunikacijskih infrastruktura… Cilj je tog projekta, nema sumnje, širenje kineskog političkog i ekonomskog utjecaja, ali i povezivanje tržišta Europe i Azije. Na prostoru na kojem se nalaze 64 države i Kina, živi 62 posto svjetske populacije i 30 posto svjetske ekonomije, ima više od tri milijarde potrošača pa se predviđa vanjsko trgovinski promet od 2,5 tisuće milijardi dolara godišnje. Ozbiljna kineska ulaganja u Srbiju, u HR beznačajna Hrvatska do sada nije previše marila za taj svjetski posao stoljeća jer su njeni političari, iz gotovo svih političkih opcija, naučeni planirati i raditi po principu od danas do sutra, pa su potpuno nezainteresirani za kinesku inicijativu koja će se realizirati u ne baš bliskoj budućnosti. A kako njih tada neće biti na vlasti, na takav projekt budućnosti ne žele trošiti svoje vrijeme. Za razliku od, primjerice, srpskog predsjednika Aleksandra Vučića koji je, dakako, nazočio summitu u Pekingu. Uostalom, dovoljno se prisjetiti kako ni bivši premijer Zoran Milanović nije želio biti na sastanku kineske Inicijative 16 plus 1, koja okuplja 16 država Srednje i Istočne Europe, u Beogradu prije nekoliko godina. Zbog svega toga nema ozbiljnih kineskih ulaganja u Hrvatsku, dok, primjerice, u Srbiju Kinezi, prema riječima Marija Rendulića, predsjednika Poslovne asocijacije Kine i jugoistočne Europe, imaju dogovorenih poslova u visini od 5,5 milijardi dolara. Kinezi u Srbiji planiraju ulagati u željeznice, termoelektrane i hidroelektrane, autoceste, riječne luke, a pregovaraju da se u Luci Dunav u Pančevu, najjačoj u regiji, otvori slobodna zone gdje bi gradili proizvodne pogone. Dr.sci. Krešimir Jurlin, viši znanstveni suradnik na Institutu za razvoj i međunarodne odnose, priznaje da ideja One Belt, One road možda zvuči futuristički i megalomanski, ali dvije komponente te inicijative; kopnena i morska, predstavljaju integrirani niz velikih infrastrukturnih projekata. Megaprojekt koji obuhvaća ukupno 60 zemalja “Međutim, nije riječ o tek planiranoj gradnji pruge ili autoceste s početkom u Kini, koja će za 10 ili 20 godina završiti u Europi. Dio tog projekta već se ostvaruje te je Kina najavila alokaciju 40 milijardi dolara u razvojni fond kao dio svojih ukupnih planiranih ulaganja, procijenjenih na 1,7 milijardi dolara. Kina također sufinancira konkretne projekte koji su kompatibilni s inicijativom, primjerice, 23 milijarde dolara u Kazahstanu. Prema postojećim planovima, obje komponente potencijalno uključuju i naše tranzitne pravce jer prekomorska završava u Jadranu, a željeznička u Turskoj. Ponovno, nije riječ o dalekoj budućnosti jer je našoj javnosti malo poznato da se povezivanje Europe i Azije izrazito intenziviralo, primjerice, otvaranjem tunela ispod Bospora 2013. te uspostavom željezničke transeuroazijske veze preko Rusije, od Chongqinga u Kini do Duisburga u Njemačkoj”, objašnjava Jurlin. Taj megaprojekt koji obuhvaća ukupno 60 zemalja Azije, Bliskog istoka, Europe i Afrike, kineski predsjednik Xi Jinping predstavio je svijetu 2013. godine. Na posljednjem zasjedanju Nacionalnog narodnog kongresa u ožujku ova je inicijativa – koja jednim svojim krakom dotiče i Hrvatsku – imenovana glavnim ekonomskim i političkim prioritetom Kine. Zbog toga su se svjetski čelnici okupili u Pekingu 14. i 15. svibnja kako bi iz prve ruke upoznali kineski plan za širenje globalne trgovine. Predsjednik Xi Jinping kazao je na kraju summita da se gotovo 70 zemalja i međunarodnih organizacija prijavilo za sudjelovnje u tom projektu. Xi je obećao barem 113 milijardi dolara dodatnih sredstava, pozvao je države širom svijeta da se pridruže kineskim naporima povezivanja što više država kako bi se “stvorila velika obitelj skladnog suživota.” Doslovno su svi svjetski čelnici bili tamo, osim naših Predsjednik Xi Jinping želi predstaviti Kinu kao predvodnicu pa i primjer globalizacije u svijetu te zemlju koja je sposobna zamijeniti SAD. U Pekingu tvrde da je Donald Trump odustao od globalizacije te da je njegov temeljni politički cilj “America First”. Kao dokaz tomu navode da je odmah nakon što je prisegnuo, potpisao dekret kojim su SAD izašle iz sporazuma o slobodnoj trgovni, Trans-Pacific Partnership, TPP, u kojem su, među ostalima, Australija, Kanada, Japan, Čile, Malezija, Meksiko, Peru… Na summit u Pekingu stiglo je dvadesetak šefova država i još toliko vlada, a među njima su bili predsjednik Rusije Vladimir Putin, predsjednik Argentine Mauricio Macri, predsjednik Bjelorusije Aleksandar Lukašenko, predsjednica Čilea Michelle Bachelet, predsjednik Češke Miloš Zeman, Indonezije Jooko Widodo, Kazakhstana Nursultan Nazarbajev, Filipina Rodrigo Duterte, Švicarske Doris Leuthard, Turske Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Srbije Aleksandar Vučić… Na sastanku su također bili i premijeri, grčki Alexis Tsipras, mađarski Viktor Orban, talijanski Paolo Gentiloni, malezijski Najib Razak, pakistanski Muhammad Nawaz Sharif, poljska premijerka Beata Szydlo, španjolski Mariano Rajoy… SAD je predstavljao Matthew Pottinger, viši direktor za Aziju u Vijeću za nacionalnu sigurnost, jer je Trumpova administracija najavila veliki sporazum s Kinom o trgovini, što podrazumijeva i suglasnost s projektom One Belt, One Road. Hrvatska još nije podnijela zahtjev za članstvo Oko 50 kineskih državnih tvrtki, nositeljica tog posla stoljeća, već je izradilo gotovo 1.700 projekata, objavio je Xi Jinping tijekom Pekinškog foruma. Kinezi ističu kako su spremni ulagati, nuditi kredite i garancijske fondove… Za početak, Kina je osnovala novi fond za međunarodna ulaganja vrijedan 40 milijardi dolara. Azijska banka za infrastrukturna ulaganja bit će ključni financijer izgradnje novog Puta svile, a priključilo joj se već šezdesetak država. No, koliko je poznato, Hrvatska još nije podnijela zahtjev za članstvo. Među glavnim dijelovima projekta One Belt, One Road, ističe se koridor između Kine i Pakistana vrijedan 46 milijardi dolara, željeznička pruga od 3000 kilometara koja povezuje Kinu i Singapur te plinovode u središnjoj Aziji. Inicijativa One Belt, One Road zadire također sve sve do Novog Zelanda, Britanije, pa čak i Arktika.