http___www.undp.org_content_croatia_hr_home_mdgoverview_overview_mdg4__1.xml
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- UNDP around the world close Many of UNDP's relationships with countries and territories on the ground exceed 60 years. Find details on our successes and ongoing work. Visit UNDP's global website. - Afghanistan - Albania - Algeria - Angola - Argentina - Armenia - Azerbaijan - Bahrain - Bangladesh - Barbados - Belarus - Belize - Benin - Bhutan - Bolivia - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Botswana - Brazil - Bulgaria - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Cambodia - Cameroon - Cape Verde - Central African Republic - Chad - Chile - China - Colombia - Comoros - Congo (Dem. Republic of) - Congo (Republic of) - Costa Rica - Côte d'Ivoire - Croatia - Cuba - Cyprus - Democratic People's Republic of Korea - Denmark (Rep. Office) - Djibouti - Dominican Republic - E.U. (Rep. Office) - Ecuador - Egypt - El Salvador - Equatorial Guinea - Eritrea - Ethiopia - Fiji - Finland (Rep. Office) - Gabon - Gambia - Geneva (Rep. 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Office) - Trinidad and Tobago - Tunisia - Turkey - Turkmenistan - Uganda - Ukraine - United Arab Emirates Regional PresenceMuch of UNDP’s work is administered through 5 regional bureaus. - Operations - Research & Publications - News Centre 6 Reduce child mortality Where we are? To accelerate the achievement of MDG 4, the Government launched a Child Survival and development Strategy that is budgeted in 2009 as an effort to accelerate child survival and provide a framework to improve indicators for children. The strategy is guided by the National Health Sector Strategic Plan II (NHSSP II) and the Vision 2030 Medium Term Plan that aim to reduce inequalities in the health care services and improve on the child health indicators. In addition, the Ministry of Public and Sanitation has prioritized malaria control through the National Health Sector Strategic Plan (NHSSPII) and mandated the Division of Malaria Control (DOMC) to coordinate the implementation of the National Malaria Strategy. In collaboration with partners, the government has also developed the 8-year Kenyan National Malaria Strategy (KNMS) 2009-2017 which was launched on 4th November 2009. The National Malaria Strategy covering the period 2009–2017 has been developed in line with the Government's first Medium-Term Plan of the Kenya Vision 2030, Millennium Development Goals, as well as Roll Back Malaria partnership goals and targets for malaria control. The National Malaria Strategy is based on and carries forward an inclusive partnership between the Ministries of Public Health and Sanitation and Medical Services, other line Ministries of the Government of Kenya, development partners and all implementing agencies in malaria control. The Malezi Bora Strategy initiated in 2007 has provided a comprehensive package of services that includes child immunization, Vitamin A supplementation, de-worming of under fives and pregnant women, treatment of childhood illnesses, HIV Counseling & Testing, ITNs use in Malaria prevention and improved ANC & FP Services. Malezi Bora provides an opportunity to provide children with a comprehensive and integrated package of services. Other Government efforts towards reduction in child mortality and in line with attainment of the MDG target are Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses which includes immunization, one of the most effective primary health interventions in reducing child mortality. Under this, the Ministry of Health continues to strengthen immunization activities throughout the country under the Kenya Expanded Programme on Immunization (KEPI) as well as management of childhood illnesses. Progress made Existing data reveals that in the 1990s, infant and childhood mortality declined rapidly in Kenya as a result of various global initiatives to improve child health. After many years of declining health indicators, recent data is showing an improvement in the mortality indicators for Kenyan children. The Kenya Demographic Health Survey (KDHS) 2008/09 shows that compared to the 2003 KDHS, the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) improved to 52 from 77 per 1000 live births and the Under Five Mortality Rate improving to 74 from 115 per 1000 live births. However, the neonatal mortality rate only reduced marginally from 33 to 31 per 1000 live births contributing to 42% of the under five mortality compared to 29% in 2003 (KDHS). Despite renewed focus and recent progress in child survival, achieving the Millennium Development Goal targets in under-five mortality (33/1000) and infant mortality (26/1000) by 2015 will be a challenge unless neonatal care, which is closely linked to maternal care, receives more attention. The maternal care indicators have stagnated with the deliveries by skilled attendants (increased slightly from 40 to 42%) and institutional deliveries (increased slightly from 40.1 to 43%). Skilled birth attendance is vital to protecting the health of newborns as the majority of perinatal deaths occur during labour and delivery or within the first 48 hours after delivery 0.82 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG4 - Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five - Under-five mortality rate - Infant mortality rate - Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles
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Perinatalna smrtnost se smanjila, dok su uzroci dojenačke smrti u Hrvatskoj ne razlikuju od uzroka dojenačkih smrti u razvijenim zemljama. Udio nekontroliranih i nedovoljno kontroliranih trudnoća se već dugi niz godina bilježi ispod 5% (u 2008, bilo je 3,2 % potpuno nekontroliranih i 1,5 % nedovoljno kontroliranih trudnoća s 1-2 pregleda tijekom trudnoće). Od ključne važnosti za ublažavanje ovog problema je zdravstveni odgoj i obrazovanje vezano za planiranje obitelji i reproduktivno zdravlje, posebice školske djece i adolescenata kao i trudnica. Cilj 2 - . " Poboljšanje antenatalne skrbi " provodi se u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti omogućenoj svakoj ženi koja je zdravstveni osiguranik. Prosječan broj pregleda po trudnici u promatranom razdoblju povećan je na 6-8 pregleda. U skladu sa Programom zdravstvene zaštite, idealan broj pregleda je 10 kliničkih i 3 ultrazvučnih pregleda po trudnici. Više od 65 % trudnica imalo je više od 9 preglede za vrijeme trudnoće. Postoji dovoljan broj patronažnih sestara. Prema propisnim normama i standardima obavezne zdrastvene zaštite, jedna patronažna sestra treba obuhvatiti 5.100 stanovnika, taj uvijet je općenito ispunjen. Program mjera za zaštitu zdravlja određuje standardni broj posjeta trudnicama (1), novim majkama (2), novorođenčadi (2), i tijekom neonatalnog razdoblja dojenčadi (1). Dosegnut broj posjeta novim majkama (3,4), novorođenčadi (3,9), trudnicama (0.55), i post neonatalnog razdoblja doječnadi (1,8) svjedoče iznad standardnim rezultatima. Danas u Hrvatskoj postoji 30 rodilišta, 15 od kojih nose titulu „rodilišta-prijatelji djece“ . Međutim, valja naglasiti da su se sva rodilišta uključila u program i napravila značajne korake u promicanju dojenja te humanizacije uvjeta u hrvatskim rodilištima. Spomenuti program naglašava ulogu zajednice i skupina za potporu dojenja. Također treba naglasiti da se počelo sa 16 skupina u 2006, a sada ima 101 skupina, na čelu s patronažnim sestrama i pet grupa iz udruga civilnog društva u 19 hrvatskih županija. U odnosu na 2008, 23 nove grupe za potporu dojenja patronažnih sestara su osnovane 2009 godine i po prvi put takve grupe su prisutne u sedam županija. U prosincu 2009, ukupno 105 skupina je bilo aktivno (100 skupina u organizaciji patronažnih sestara i pet od strane nevladinih skupina). Poboljšana komunikacija, pogotovo razmjena informacija unutar osnovnih zdravstvenih usluga (ginekologa i kućnih liječničkih služba ), će pomoći doći do većeg broja nedovoljno kontroliranih trudnica. S ciljem daljnjeg poboljšanja ishoda novorođenčadi sa vrlo niskom porođajnom težinom i porođajima prije termina, potrebno je povećati broj kreveta u visokim institucijama za prevožene majke, reorganizacijom broja ležaja u unutar i između bolnica a time i povećati broj ležajeva za novorođenčad. Kategorizacija bolnica je u tijeku te će regionalne organizacije perinatalne zdravstvene zaštite biti sastavni dio ovog projekta. Kao dio aktivnosti programa „dostava u vaš dom“, predloženo je da se pripreme za organizaciju prijevoza za cijelu županiju usklade s preporukama struke i definiranjem osoblja, opreme i financijskih sredstavakoja su potrebna za realizaciju plana nakon predložene organizacije. 0.84 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG4 - Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five - Under-five mortality rate - Infant mortality rate - Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles