http___www.treci.ba_znanost_ozonska-rupa-se-smanjuje_1.xml
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TekcT cлaйдa: The project of the student of Class 7 Kasachkova Alina The Center of Children's Creation "Sviblovo“ Moscow TekcT cлaйдa: The ozone layer is a layer in the Earth's atmosphere which contains high concentrations of ozone. TekcT cлaйдa: Ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation which is produced by the Sun and protects humans and other living things from it. TekcT cлaйдa: Ground based measurements of Ozone were first started in 1956, in at Halley Bay, Antarctica. TekcT cлaйдa: Comprehensive satellite measurements of ozone started in 1978 with the Nimbus-7 satellite. The creation of the program “Nimbus” (there were 7 satellites) was begun by NASA in the 70‘s years. TekcT cлaйдa: “Nimbus -7” was equipped with devices for air pollution's investigation. The Nimbus measurements made clear how severe the ozone hole problem was. TekcT cлaйдa: In 1985 the first ozone hole was discovered by the British scientists over Antarctica. TekcT cлaйдa: In spring 1998 the hole of South Polar Region mounted to the biggest area. TekcT cлaйдa: Biological effects of the ozone holes. The ultraviolet radiation can get on the Earth through such holes. It leads to a number of serious health risks for humans. It causes eye cataracts, skin cancer and immuno-suppression. TekcT cлaйдa: Animals and plants suffer when the level of the ultraviolet radiation rises, too. A November 2010 report by scientists at the Institute of Zoology in London found that whales off the coast of California had shown a sharp rise in sun damage. TekcT cлaйдa: An increase of UV radiation effects on plant growth, thus reducing agricultural productivity, for example, crops of rice. TekcT cлaйдa: It is known that in August 2010 the ozone hole appeared above Europe. The concentration of ozone declined by 10-15% there. In October 2010 NASA’s satellite recorded the appearance of the ozone hole which stretched from Britain to Western Siberia and from Scandinavia to the Black Sea. By 7 November the ozone hole had skinned over. TekcT cлaйдa: Firstly, the launches of space rockets, Reasons of ozone layer depletion. TekcT cлaйдa: planes, that fly on the altitude of 12 – 15 km planes, that fly at the altitude of 12 – 15 km TekcT cлaйдa: and supersonic planes damages the ozone layer a lot. TekcT cлaйдa: Secondly, the use of the natural resources produces lots of chemical compounds. TekcT cлaйдa: Cars and bus send more and more smog in the air. TekcT cлaйдa: One more source of organic pollution of atmosphere become a communal economy of cities. TekcT cлaйдa: Large amounts of gas called CFCs were produced in the twentieth century for use in everyday appliances like fridges, aerosol spray cans, and fire extinguishers. TekcT cлaйдa: The sources of natural destroyers of the ozone layer are also mud volcanoes. TekcT cлaйдa: Scientists' forecasts about the future of ozone holes are different. Some scientists predict that the every-year depletion of the ozone layer will continue. Others said that the ozone layer would be restored by 2050. TekcT cлaйдa: Some scientists think that the ozone holes' disappearance would speed up the global rise of temperature. TekcT cлaйдa: Protection of the ozone layer. Governments of many countries recognized the problem of ozone depletion, and therefore, united in 1987 to sign the Montreal Protocol to reduce the amount of CFCs, and so to protect the ozone layer. TekcT cлaйдa: I hope that we can solve the problem of the ozone layer together by education people and the practice of ozone smart behavior. For if our society acts now, future generations will live on a safe and healthy planet.
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Ozonska rupa se smanjuje Ozonske rupe su područja izrazito prorijeđenog stratosferskog ozona. Pojavljuju se još od kraja sedamdesetih iznad polarnoga dijela južne polutke, a sredinom osamdesetih i iznad polarnih dijelova sjeverne polutke (Kanada, sjever Europe i Azije). Kroz ozonske rupe do Zemljine površine prodire dio ultraljubičastoga zračenja kojeg bi inače zaustavio ozonski omotač da nije oštećen. Gigantska rupa u Zemljinom ozonskom omotaču ipak se neće u potpunosti oporaviti za još barem pola stoljeća, ali znanstvenici američke svemirske agencije NASA imaju dokaze kako se ova rupe ipak iscjeljuje i smanjuje. Početkom osamdesetih godina prošloga stoljeća znanstvenici su otkrili da sprejevi za kosu te rashladne stvari i razne druge kemikalije oslobađaju tvari koje mogu štetiti ozonu i na kraju ga i uništiti. Naime, freoni (CFC) na kraju svog puta u visine (jer su lakši od zraka) nalijeću na molekule ozona, a sunčevo zračenje oslobađa klorni plin. Pod utjecajem klora molekule ozona se raspadaju, a od njih onda ponovno nastaju obične molekule kisika. Na taj se način uništava ozonski omotač. Jedna molekula freona dovoljna je da uništi puno molekula ozona, a da bi stvar bila gora samo ta jedna molekula freona preživljava i u atmosferi ostaje 50 do 100 godina, prenosi geek.hr. Otvorena ozonska rupa je izazvala svojevrsni globalni alarm,a na kraju 1987. godine svaka je država potpisivala Montrealski protokol kojim se obavezala na smanjenje upotrebe freona za čak 50 posto. Taj ugovor se smatra najuspješnijim sporazumom o zaštiti okoliša u povijesti, a postoje i dokazi kako su rezultati tog slavnog ugovora vrlo uspješni. Koristeći satelitske podatke od 2005. do 2016. godine, znanstvenici NASA-e saznali su da se nivo klora u ozonskom omotaču smanjuje za gotovo 1 posto svake godine. To je prvi put da su znanstvenici bili u stanju mjeriti kemijski sustav unutar ozonske rupe i proučavati smanjenje oštećenja ozonskog omotača. To je odlična vijest za čovječanstvo, ali znanstvenici naglašavaju kako su potrebna desetljeća i desetljeća da ozonska rupa potpuno nestane. Komentiraj i ti Posao Mišljenje Vrijeme u Mostaru - Djelomična naoblaka - Temperatura: 27°C