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By Kimberly Clark, Features Staff Writer It was once believed that talking to oneself was the first sign of insanity. However, I am sure that you have found yourself holding a conversation alone. But you’re not crazy. Right? A recent study led by Gary Lupyan, a cognitive psychologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, suggests that not all people who talk to themselves are crazy. In fact, talking to oneself can benefit thinking. In one experiment from the study, volunteers had to look for a specific picture of an object from a group of 20 pictures. Researchers asked half of the volunteers to repeat the name of the object they were looking for out loud to themselves. The rest of the volunteers were asked to remain silent. Researchers found that the volunteers who talked out loud found the correct picture about 50 to 100 milliseconds faster than the volunteers who did not. “The general take-home point is that language is not just a system of communication, but I’m arguing it can augment perception, augment thinking,” Lupyan said in an interview with LiveScience. Talking out loud only helped when the object being searched for was familiar to the volunteer. In a second experiment, volunteers were sent on a virtual shopping trip. The volunteers found Coca-Cola more quickly when they repeated “Coke” out loud but repeating “Speed Stick” while looking for deodorant actually slowed them down. This is because the term “Speed Stick” is not as familiar as the term “Coke.” “Speaking to yourself isn’t always helpful — if you don’t really know what an object looks like, saying its name can have no effect or actually slow you down,” Lupyan said. “If, on the other hand, you know that bananas are yellow and have a particular shape, by saying banana, you’re activating these visual properties in the brain to help you find them.” So talking to yourself does not necessarily mean that you are losing your mind. It can actually mean the exact opposite. But just in case you are worried that talking to yourself will not be enough, here are some other LiveScience tips to keep your mind sharp: Aerobic exercise for at least 30 minutes regularly can help your brain get fit. It won’t be so bad for the rest of your body, either. A high fiber diet with moderate amounts of protein and fat delivers a regular flow of energy to the brain to ensure health and high performance. Two to four cups of coffee a day might delay normal cognitive decline and lessen the likelihood of Alzheimer’s by 30 to 60 percent. This may be a result of the caffeine or the antioxidants in coffee. Relaxing activities, such as yoga, socializing and scrapbooking, might ward off memory impairment. Stress releases harmful chemicals over the areas of the brain that involve memory. Doing mental exercises, such as crosswords or Sudoku, can help keep your brain in shape. Research has found that lack of education is a predictor of a decline in mental faculties. So as finals come looming around the corner, remember these helpful tips to keep your mind in tip-top shape for the grueling days to come.
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Novo istraživanje kognitivnog psihologa Garyja Lupyana sa Sveučilišta Wisconsin-Madison i njegovog kolege Daniela Swingleyja pokazalo je da mrmljanje sebi u bradu nije znak da vas um napušta, već način poboljšavanja mentalnih procesa Pričate sami sa sobom? Možete odahnuti – niste ludi. Prema novom istraživanju kognitivnog psihologa Garyja Luyana sa Sveučilišta Wisconsin-Madison i njegova kolege Daniela Swingleyja, kad sami sebi mrmljate u bradu zapravo si poboljšavate mentalne procese – lakše razmišljate i bolje primjećujete. Većina ljudi svakodnevno priča sa sobom kad su sami. Iako se na prvi pogled takvo ponašanje čini čudnim, prošla istraživanja pokazala su da djeci takav 'dijalog' pomaže pri razvoju ponašanja. Psiholozi su napravili nekoliko eksperimenata kojima su ispitali pomaže li razgovor sa samim sobom pri mentalnim procesima odraslih. Cijelo istraživanje je, naravno, potakla činjenica da jedan od istraživača i sam često mrmlja sebi u bradu. 'Često razgovaram sam sa sobom kad nešto tražim u frižideru ili u trgovini', kaže Gary Lupyan. U jednom od eksperimenata dobrovoljcima je pokazano 20 slika raznih predmeta, a zatim su morali pronaći jednu određenu stvar. Polovica ispitanika zamoljena je da si naglas govori što traži, dok je druga polovica morala raditi u tišini. Kako su ispitanici pronalazili stvari u kratkom vremenu od jedne do dvije sekunde, rezultati koji su bili bolji za 50 do 100 milisekundi kod subjekata koji su si mrmljali u bradu pokazali su da postoji veza između govornih i ostalih mentalnih procesa. U drugom eksperimentu dobrovoljci su obavljali virtualnu kupovinu gledanjem u fotografije raznih predmeta koji se mogu naći u trgovinama, nakon čega su morali pronaći više istih proizvoda raznih proizvođača. U ovom slučaju pokazalo se da su prednost imali samo oni ljudi koji su znali proizvod koji traže od prije. Štoviše, glasno izgovaranje proizvoda koji su tražili dodatno ih je usporilo. 'U slučaju da ne znate što zapravo tražite, izgovaranje imena proizvoda ili riječi za taj predmet neće vam pomoći. Štoviše, može vam i odmoći. No kad znate da su banane žute i imaju određeni oblik, izgovaranje riječi 'banana' naglas stimulira vam mozak kako bi lakše pronašli taj predmet', kaže Gary Lupyan. Dvojica znanstvenika namjeravaju izvesti još eksperimenata, no sljedeći put žele pratiti što se zbiva u mozgovima ispitanika.