http___www.undp.org_content_croatia_hr_home_mdgoverview_overview_mdg5__1.xml
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- UNDP around the world close Many of UNDP's relationships with countries and territories on the ground exceed 60 years. Find details on our successes and ongoing work. Visit UNDP's global website. - Afghanistan - Albania - Algeria - Angola - Argentina - Armenia - Azerbaijan - Bahrain - Bangladesh - Barbados - Belarus - Belize - Benin - Bhutan - Bolivia - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Botswana - Brazil - Bulgaria - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Cambodia - Cameroon - Cape Verde - Central African Republic - Chad - Chile - China - Colombia - Comoros - Congo (Dem. Republic of) - Congo (Republic of) - Costa Rica - Côte d'Ivoire - Croatia - Cuba - Cyprus - Democratic People's Republic of Korea - Denmark (Rep. Office) - Djibouti - Dominican Republic - E.U. (Rep. Office) - Ecuador - Egypt - El Salvador - Equatorial Guinea - Eritrea - Ethiopia - Fiji - Finland (Rep. Office) - Gabon - Gambia - Geneva (Rep. 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Office) - Trinidad and Tobago - Tunisia - Turkey - Turkmenistan - Uganda - Ukraine - United Arab Emirates Regional PresenceMuch of UNDP’s work is administered through 5 regional bureaus. - Operations - Research & Publications - News Centre 6 Improve maternal health Where we are? In Croatia, maternal mortality has been low for years, and it comes down exclusively to exceptions. Maternal deaths include all women who died during pregnancy, childbirth or 42 days after childbirth, regardless of whether the cause of death is connected with the pregnancy or delivery. All women in the Republic of Croatia are entitled to free delivery in a healthcare institution, regardless of whether they have health insurance; more than 99.9% of deliveries take place at a healthcare institution, with rare exceptions, such as giving birth at home or on the way to the maternity hospital. In the last ten years, more than 30% of women who died in pregnancy, childbirth or during puerperium died from reasons that are indirectly related to the birth (various chronic and malign diseases). The share of women of fertile age who died out of the total number of women who died is low (approximately 3% of all women who died), and the rate is somewhat above 70/100,000 women of fertile age. The most common causes of mortality are tumours, then injuries and circulatory system diseases. Hence, healthcare's attention should be focused on prevention of these causes of ailments and mortality. Certain preventive measures are conducted through national screening programmes (for breast cancer) and others are available to every woman through healthcare system measures from obligatory insurance. National Programme for Early Breast Cancer Detection envisaged in the 2006 – 2012 National Health Care Strategy has been implemented for three years and the number of women examined annually has been gradually increasing (in 2008, 57% came to the examination after receiving an invitation). It is expected that the results of these screenings will have an influence on reducing the occurrence of advanced breast cancer types and subsequent women's mortality. Owing to the screenings, in the past three years, 1,400 cases of breast cancer were detected and confirmed. Annual breast cancer incidence is approximately 2,500/100,000 women, out of which 800 – 900 die (approximately 40/100,000 per year). Further prevention of breast cancer, through the system of obligatory health insurance, includes the procurement of a sufficient number of mammogram machines and their local distribution according to needs. The order of the main causes of death of population in Croatia, according to individual diagnostic entities has not changed in the last five years. The most common cause of death is ischemic heart disease (20%), followed by cerebrovascular diseases (15%), heart failure (6%), bronchial and lung cancer (5%) and, finally, colorectal cancer (4%). Represented among the ten most common causes of death from digestive diseases are chronic liver disease, fibrosis and cirrhosis. The most prominent in the respiratory disease group are bronchitis, emphysema and asthma. At the moment, maternal mortality is kept at a low level owing to the existing mechanisms of antenatal, natal and postnatal care defined by protection standards, i.e. Programme of Health Protection Measures. Prevention programmes and programmes aimed at a reduction in the number of deaths caused by injuries still have not been developed on the national level, and there are a few programmes aimed at prevention of specific causes of death (e.g. traffic accidents). Therefore, it is necessary to develop a multidisciplinary approach regarding such programmes, bearing in mind the specific cause of death. In addition, prevention of and suppressing of certain most common causes of death of fertile age women has been carried out through different health education methods (lectures and actions organised on the occasion of World Health Day, specific educational programmes in local communities). 0.84 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG 5 - Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio - Most maternal deaths could be avoided - Giving birth is especially risky in Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, where most women deliver without skilled care - The rural-urban gap in skilled care during childbirth has narrowed - Achieve universal access to reproductive health & inadequate funding for family planning is a major failure in fulfilling commitments to improving women’s reproductive health - More women are receiving antenatal care - Inequalities in care during pregnancy are striking - Only one in three rural women in developing regions receive the recommended care during pregnancy - Progress has stalled in reducing the number of teenage pregnancies, putting more young mothers at risk - Poverty and lack of education perpetuate high adolescent birth rates - Progress in expanding the use of contraceptives by women has slowed & use of contraception is lowest among the poorest women and those with no education
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- UNDP širom svijeta Zatvori UNDP je prisutan u brojnim zemljama i područjima preko 60 godina. Potražite detaljne informacije o tome što radimo i koji su naši uspjesi na terenu. Posjetite UNDP-ovu globalnu webstranicu. - Afganistan - Albanija - Alžir - Angola - Argentina - Armenija - Azerbejdžan - Bahrein - Bangladeš - Barbados - Belize - Benin - Bjelorusija - Bolivija - Bosna i Hercegovina - Brazil - Bugarska - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Butan - Cape Verde / Zelenortski otoci - Cipar - Crna Gora - Čad - Čile - Danska (Predstavništvo) - Demokratska Narodna Republika Koreja - Dominikanska Republika - Džibuti (Predstavništvo) - Egipt - Ekvador - Ekvatorijalna Gvineja - Eritreja - Etiopija - Fidži - Filipini - Finska (Predstavništvo) - Gabon - Gambija - Gana - Gruzija - Gvajana - Gvatemala - Gvineja - Gvineja-Bisao - Haiti - Honduras - Hrvatska - Indija - Indonezija - Irak (Republika) - Iran - Istočni Timor - Jamajka - Jemen - Jordan - Južna Afrika - Južni Sudan - Kambodža - Kamerun - Kazahstan - Kenija - Kina - Kirgistan - Kolumbija - Komori - Kongo (Demokratska Republika) - Kongo (Republika) - Kosovo - Kostarika - Kuba - Kuvajt - Lao NDR - Latvija - Lesoto - Libanon - Liberija - Libija - Litva - Madagaskar - Makedonija (Bivša Jugoslavenska Republika) - Malavi - Maldivi - Malezija - Mali - Maroko - Mauricijus - Mauritanija - Meksiko - Mijanmar - Moldavija - Mongolija - Mozambik - Namibija - Nepal - Niger - Nigerija - Nikaragva - Norveška (Predstavništvo) - Obala bjelokosti - Pakistan - Panama - Papua Nova Gvineja - Paragvaj - Peru - Program pomoći palestinskom narodu - Ruanda - Rumunjska - Ruska Federacija - Salvador - Samoa - Sao Tome i Principe - Saudijska Arabija - Sejšeli - Senegal - Sierra Leone - Sirija - Somalija - Srbija - Srednjoafrička republika - Sudan - Surinam - Svaziland - Šri Lanka - Švedska (Predstavništvo) - Tadžikistan - Tajland - Tanzanija - Togo - Trinidad i Tobago - Tunis - Turkmenistan - Turska - Uganda Prisutnost u regijiVećina UNDP-ovog rada provodi se kroz 5 regionalnih ureda. - Operativna podrška - Publikacije - Arhiva vijesti 6 Poboljšati zdravlje majki Gdje smo U Hrvatskoj, smrtnost majki je niska već godinama, te se svodi isključivo na iznimke. Pod smrt rodilja se misli na sve žene koje su umrle tijekom trudnoće, porođaja ili 42 dana nakon rođenja djeteta, bez obzira da li je uzrok smrti povezan s trudnoćom ili porodom. Sve žene u Republici Hrvatskoj imaju pravo na besplatni porod u zdravstvenoj ustanovi, bez obzira na to imaju li zdravstveno osiguranje ili nemaju, više od 99,9 % poroda održano je u zdravstvenoj ustanovi , uz rijetke iznimke, kao što je rađanje kod kuće ili na putu do rodilišta. U posljednjih deset godina, više od 30 % žena koje su preminule tijekom trudnoće, porođaja ili za vrijeme babinja umrle su od razloga koji su indirektno povezani s porodom (razne kronične i maligne bolesti ). Dio žena plodne dobi koje su umrle od ukupnog broja žena koje su umrle je niska (oko 3 % svih žena koje su umrle), a stopa je nešto iznad 70/100, 000 žena plodne dobi. Najčešći uzroci smrtnosti su tumori , zatim ozljede i bolesti cirkulacijskog sustava . Dakle, zdravstvo treba usmjeriti pozornost na prevenciju tih uzroka bolesti i smrtnosti. Određene preventivne mjere se provode putem nacionalnih programa za preglede (rak dojke), a drugi su na raspolaganju svakoj ženi kroz mjere zdravstvenog sustaava iz obveznog osiguranja. Nacionalni program za rano otkrivanje raka dojke predviđen u 2006 - 2012 se provodi već tri godine , a broj pregledanih žena godišnje postupno raste (u 2008, 57 % je došlo na pregled nakon pozivnice). Očekuje se da će rezultati tih projekcija imati utjecaj na smanjenju pojavu naprednih vrsta raka dojke i naknadne smrtnosti žena. Zahvaljujući pregledima, u protekle tri godine, 1.400 slučajeva raka dojke otkrivena su i potvrđena . Godišnje raka dojke je prisutan u 2.500 / 100.000 žena, od čega 800-900 žena ne preživi (oko 40/100,000 godišnje). Nadalje, prevencija raka dojke kroz sustav obveznog zdravstvenog osiguranja, uključuje nabavku dovoljnog broja mamograma i njihove lokalne raspodjele po potrebi. Prema pojedinim dijagnostičkim entitetima , uzroci smrti stanovništva u Hrvatskoj se nisu promijenili zadnjih pet godina. Najčešći uzrok smrti je ishemijska bolest srca (20%), slijede cerebrovaskularne bolesti (15%), zatajenje srca (6 %), bronhi i pluća (5 %) i, konačno , rak debelog crijeva (4 %). Zastupljena među deset najčešćih uzroka smrti bolesti probavnog sustava su kronične bolesti jetre, fibroza i ciroza. Najistaknutiji u skupini bolesti dišnog sustava su bronhitis, emfizem i astma . U ovom trenutku , smrtnost rodilja se zadržala se na niskoj razini zahvaljujući postojećim mehanizmima antenatalne, perinatalne i postnatalne skrbi definirane standardima zaštite, odnosno programskim mjerama zdravstvene zaštite. Programi prevencije i programi usmjereni na smanjenje broja smrti od ozljeda još nisu razvijeni na nacionalnoj razini, a tu su i neki programi usmjereni na prevenciju specifičnih uzroka smrti (npr. prometne nesreće). Dakle , potrebno je razvijati multidisciplinarni pristup takvih programa, imajući u vidu specifične uzrok smrti. Osim toga, sprječavanje i suzbijanje određenih najčešćih uzroka smrti žena plodne dobi se provodi kroz različite metode zdravstvenog odgoja (predavanja i akcija organiziranih povodom Svjetskog dana zdravlja, specifičnim obrazovnim programima u lokalnim zajednicama). 0.84 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG 5 - Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio - Most maternal deaths could be avoided - Giving birth is especially risky in Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, where most women deliver without skilled care - The rural-urban gap in skilled care during childbirth has narrowed - Achieve universal access to reproductive health & inadequate funding for family planning is a major failure in fulfilling commitments to improving women’s reproductive health - More women are receiving antenatal care - Inequalities in care during pregnancy are striking - Only one in three rural women in developing regions receive the recommended care during pregnancy - Progress has stalled in reducing the number of teenage pregnancies, putting more young mothers at risk - Poverty and lack of education perpetuate high adolescent birth rates - Progress in expanding the use of contraceptives by women has slowed & use of contraception is lowest among the poorest women and those with no education