http___www.tms.rs_sr_usluge_industrija-i-energetika_metalne-konstrukcije_1.xml
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Since July 2014, European companies in the construction industry have been obliged to place load-bearing products made of steel and aluminum on the market within the EU only with a CE mark. The EN 1090-1 standard introduced in 2010 regulates proof of conformity, manufacturer certification and in-house production control. Terms Execution standard: e.g. EN 1090-2/3/4/5 Design standard: e.g. EN 1990 ff. (Eurocodes) What is the EN 1090? In December 2011 the European Union published the new version of the Construction Products Regulation 305/2011 (EU) (previously 89/106/EEC Construction Products Directive). The new regulation now obliges metal processing companies to provide load-bearing components made of steel or aluminium with a declaration of conformity. For this purpose, the series of standards EN 1090 was developed, which consists of three parts: - EN 1090-1: Execution of steel and aluminium structures – Part 1: Procedures for attestation of conformity for load-bearing components; - EN 1090-2: Execution of steel and aluminium structures – Part 2: Technical rules for the execution of steel structures - EN 1090-3: Execution of steel and aluminium structures – Part 3: Technical rules for the execution of aluminium structures Proof of conformity The first part of the harmonized European standard (EN 1090-1), deals with the design and manufacture of load-bearing components in the construction industry made of steel or aluminum. The fields of application are load-bearing components, as well as kits, if necessary. If the guide is followed, it can be assumed that components have the specified performance characteristics. This is referred to as a presumption of conformity. A prerequisite for this presumption is (among other things) working according to the applicable parts of the Eurocodes (design standards), as well as the design standards EN 1090-2/3. Requirements to prove conformity: - Permissible construction materials can be found in the respective design standards. For steel, this is table 2 of EN 1090-2; for aluminum, table 2 of EN 1090-3 applies. - The section “Basic tolerances” of the respective design standard describes permissible deviations for dimensions and shape. - The term “weldable” is also defined. Also materials should be evaluated in thickness direction, if important. - Materials with suitable fracture toughness must be selected for steel structures. Fracture toughness is not specified for aluminium components. The characteristic values improve with decreasing temperature. - Declaration of load-bearing capacity, either based on cross-sectional resistance or on the design documents - Declaration of fatigue strength - Classification of fire resistance - Consideration of deformations Limit state of the serviceability - Fire behaviour according to EN 13501-1 - Release of radioactive radiation or cadmium not permitted - Requirements Compliance with corrosion protection Implementation of an Initial Test (ITT) A first internal test is stipulated in the sense of the Construction Products Regulation. Here, a manufacturer has to show that he is able to manufacture or market load-bearing components in accordance with the standards and the current rules of technology. This initial test must be carried out and documented by the entrepreneur on his own responsibility. If it is determined during or after the test that corrective measures are necessary, the measures must comply with the corrective measures of the design standards. To carry out the initial test, the manufacturer first groups products into product families. This classification should be carried out as skilfully as possible in order to minimize the effort required for necessary evaluations. It should be ensured that products with essentially the same properties are considered together in a product family. For example, two welded steel structures made of the same base material and the same welding process should be assigned to one family. Components made of materials with lower strength can be assigned to product families with higher requirements. Similar rules exist for the aluminum sector. Within the examination, the following topics must be checked and documented: - Tolerance deviations - Weldability - Toughness values - Load capacity - Fatigue Strength - Deformation at serviceability limit state - Fire resistance - Fire behaviour - Release of radioactivity and cadmium - Impact strength - Permanent Strength After completion of the initial test, the results must be carefully documented and archived. Factory Production Control A further basic requirement, which EN 1090-1 stipulates, is factory production control. The manufacturer is requested to set up, document and check whether products placed on the market have the required performance characteristics. Furthermore, a company has the functioning Production Control certified by a notified body. Often the welding training and testing institutes (SLV) or TÜV offshoots certify the Production Control. In order to introduce a factory production control in the sense of EN 1090, various documents, controls and tests are usually introduced in the factory and in the operating process. Test plans are also drawn up for components to be manufactured. Important: If a company has a Production Controlcertified, it must apply it to all products. It is not possible to manufacture products according to EN 1090-1 and others are not. Where does EN 1090-1 apply? Initially, EN 1090-1 is mandatory for all companies in the EU that want to produce or market load-bearing components made of steel or aluminum for the construction industry. Here it does not matter whether they only plan or only execute/manufacture. The certificate of the Production Control, as well as the welding certificate according to the execution standards must be available in most cases. And this in every company involved. A “borrowing” of a certificate is often seen, but is not very legally secure. Conclusion Companies and enterprises within Europe that want to offer, plan or manufacture steel or aluminum construction and do not have certification according to EN 1090-1 should take care of it as soon as possible. The building product regulation makes it clear. Manufacturing without certification is not legally safe.
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Metalne konstrukcije - EN 1090-1 Izvođenje čeličnih i aluminijumskih konstrukcija. Deo 1: Zahtevi za ocenu usaglašenosti konstrukcijskih komponenata, - EN 15085-2 Oprema za železnice - Zavarivanje konstrukcija železničkih vozila i njihovih komponenti. Deo 2: Zahtevi kvaliteta I sertifikovanje proizvođača, - ISO 3834, Zahtevi kvaliteta kod zavarivanja topljenjem metalnih materijala. Sertifikacija prema EN 1090 Regulativa o građevinskim proizvodima 305/2011/EU (CPR) sadrži zahteve koje moraju da ispune: • konstrukcija, • materijali i • gotovi proizvodi koji se ugrađuju u objekat da bi pri upotrebi bili bezbedni i da ne utiču negativno na zdravlje. Za razliku od ostalih direktiva Novog pristupa, CPR se ne primenjuje direktno na građevinske proizvode (iako će oni nositi CE znak), već na izvođenje radova gde se ovi proizvodi trajno ugrađuju. Kada su u pitanju metalne konstrukcije, kao jedan od proizvoda u građevinarstvu, kažemo da je osnovni, harmonizovani, standard za metalne konstrukcije EN 1090-1. Građevinske firme se sertifikuju u skladu sa zahtevima EN 1090-2 (proizvodi od čelika) i EN 1090-3 (proizvodi od aluminijuma) , što znači da svi proizvodi tih građevinskih firmi mogu da nose CE znak. CE znak, u ovom slučaju predstavlja oznaku proizvođača i ukazuje na to da je proizvod projektovan i proizveden u skladu sa zahtevima CPR directive 305/2011/EU i da je izvršeno odgovarajuće ocenjivanje usaglašenosti. Sertifikacija prema EN 15085-2 EN 15085 je još jedna serija standarda koja se odnosi na zavarivanje. Za razliku od standarda serije EN ISO 3834 koji se mogu primeniti na sve proizvode, standard EN 15085 se odnosi na izradu delova na železnici. Svaki od delova standarda, kojih ima ukupno 5, ima svoju specifičnost, a opet svi se odnose na izradu delova zavarivanjem metalnih delova isključivo na železnici. Sertifikacija proizvođača odvija se u skladu sa zahtevima EN 15085-2. Inspektori koji imaju ovlašćenja za proveru u skladu sa ovim standardom, proveravaju proizvođača sa stanovišta kompetentnosti osoblja, adekvatnosti opreme i infrastrukture. Ono sa čim se možemo pohvaliti je svakako i auditor za EN 15085-2, koji je jedan od retkih, ne samo u Srbiji već i u okruženju. Sertifikacija organizacije prema EN ISO 3834 EN ISO 3834 je serija standarda koji se bave kvalitetom zavarenih spojeva koji nastaju topljenjem metalnih materijala i nije vezana za vrstu proizvoda. Za većinu proizvodnih firmi je poželjno da imaju sertifikat, koji je od nezavisne, sertifikacione kuće, izdat u skladu sa nekim od standarda iz serije EN ISO 3834. Svaki od standarda iz serije EN ISO 3834 definiše odgovarajuće zahteve koje proizvođač zavarenih delova mora da ispuni, kako u radionici tako i na gradilištu. Zahtevi se odnose prvenstveno na kompetentnost osoblja i adekvatnost opreme i infrastrukture. Ispunjavanje ovih zahteva predstavlja garanciju da je zavarivanje, kao jedan od specijalnih i važnih procesa, izvedeno na odgovarajući način i time proizvođač dokazuje svoju sposobnost da proizvede zavaren proizvod i/ili konstrukciju u skladu sa zahtevanim kriterijumima. Dugogodišnje iskustvo je potvrdilo da jedan od glavnih zahteva standarda EN ISO 3834-2, kvalifikacija tehnologije zavarivanja (WPQR – Welding Procedure Qualification Record) i zapošljavanje kompetentnog kadra u zavarivanju, daju sigurnost da će se dobiti proizvod koji ispunjava definisane zahteve kvaliteta.