http___www.trazimsmjestaj.com_hr_jadransko-more_1.xml
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The part belonging to the Republic of Croatia is the east coast which extends all the way from Prevlaka in the south to cape Savudrija in the west, including all islands, islets and cliffs along the coast, and the archipelago of Palagruza (the number of islands, islets and cliffs is more than 1700). This is a unique area in Europe for cruising with motor boats, speedboats, or sailboats, but also for enjoying the underwater world. Depths: The shallowest part of our sea is in Istria, where the depth does not exceed 50 metres. From Pula, the seabed mildly drops, making a long, narrow valley which extends from Zirje towards Italy which is called Jabucka kotlina. The biggest depth there is about 240 metres. From Jabucka kotlina, the bottom rises to Palagruza reef where the biggest depth is 130 metres. Towards the south, the bottom drops steeply towards the Juznojadranska dolina, where the biggest measured depth is about 1,300 metres. Seabed: The appearance of the underwater relief is the consequence of tectonic movements, abrasion or erosion which were active several million years ago, in times when certain parts of the seabed were land or the coastal area. Uneven areas on the bottom are constantly reduced by sedimentation of detritus from the land. That process is slow, but constant. Tides: In the Adriatic, the high and low tides have relatively small amplitudes. In the southern part, the difference is rarely above some forty centimetres, while in the northern part it is somewhat bigger, so that it comes to 1 metre in Istria and the Gulf of Trieste. In some narrow channels and bays, the high tide can grow considerably during a strong sirocco. That phenomenon is characteristic for big and deep bays of the southern Adriatic. The tides are of a mixed type, which means that their rhythm is semidiurnal during the new and full moon, and of a daily type during the first and the last quarter. Their amplitudes are very irregular. Sea Currents: Sea currents occur under the influence of winds, the difference in pressure, temperature, and the differences in salinity. With respect to the direction, they can be horizontal or vertical. There are also bottom currents which appear as the consequence of moving of water from warmer areas to colder ones, during which the surface layer gets cold and descends towards the seabed. Currents are weakly observable in the Adriatic. The speed of currents changes in particular areas, but it also depends on time periods. The average speed of currents is about 0.5 knots, but they can also reach the speed of 4 knots. Salinity of Sea: The total quantity of salt dissolved in one kilogram of sea water is called salinity, which is usually expressed in grams and as the permillage. The salinity of the Adriatic Sea is 38.30 per mill averagely, i.e. there is 38.30 g of salt dissolved in 1 kg of water. In the northern part, the salinity is somewhat lower than in the middle and southern part because of the influence of the Po River. Sea Temperature: The Adriatic Sea has a very marked annual change of the surface temperature. The average annual temperature is During the winter, the sea is the coldest and the surface temperature is about 7°C; very seldom, it can drop below that too. In the spring, the sea becomes warmer, and the surface temperature rises to 18°C. In the summer the surface of the sea reaches a very high temperature, of up to 22 to 25°C, and in the southern Adriatic and Istria up to 27°C. In the Adriatic, thermoclines, i.e. parts of the water column of the same temperature, are very well distinguished. The thermocline is most evident during the summer, and, in the winter, the isothermal process arises, i.e. equaling of the temperature throughout the water column. In the summer, we can notice the first thermocline at the depth of 3 to 5 metres, the next one is at about 12 metres, and yet another one at 18 metres, while below 30 metres the temperature is mostly constant throughout the year. Waves in the Adriatic: Waves occur primarily as the consequence of the blowing of winds. The bigger the reach, i.e. the surface across which the wind blows, the higher the waves will be. Their strength depends on the configuration and the exposure of the coast. In that way, mixing of the surface layer with water from the deep is enabled, and the interaction between the atmosphere and the sea. We distinguish the crest and the trough of a wave. The length of the wave is the distance between two troughs. Most often, heights of waves in the Adriatic are between 0.5 and 1.5 metres, and they very rarely exceed 5 metres. Climate The climate at the Adriatic is typically a Mediterranean one, with mild rainy winters, and hot and dry summers. The air temperature changes depending on the area. Thus, summer temperatures in July will be about 34°C in the northern part, while in the southern part they will rise even to 38°C. In the winter, the coldest temperatures are noticed in the northern Adriatic (up to -16°C), while they will not have exceeded 6°C in the southern part. Winds: At the Adriatic Sea, the bora, sirocco and north-western wind blow most often. Data About Weather Weather forecasts are made by the State Hydrometeorological Institute, and they can be heard on VHF frequencies of coastal radio stations and harbor master's offices. They are also broadcast on FM stations or at the end of the news or within broadcasts for seamen. Harbor master's offices constantly send weather reports and warnings on their VHF operating channels, in four languages. It is possible to get forecasts with the presentation of the synoptical situation in all the marinas and harbor offices. Nautical Radio Service and Communications Service: The whole of the Croatian coast is covered by radio communications rather well. The radio service for protection of human lives and safety of navigation is provided by Plovput from Split, through radio stations Split and Dubrovnik, which cover the southern Adriatic, and Rijeka, which covers the northern part of our sea. According to the standards of the GMDSS system (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System), the channel for automated receipt of digitalized distress calls is the channel 70, after which the communication is transferred to the operating channel of the coastal station, i.e. a harbor master's office (16 or 10). GMDSS system has been in use since 1 st February 1999, and on the present VHF channel for distress calls, the channel 16, constant listening will be possible still for some more time.
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Jadran obuhvaća prostor između Balkanskog i Apeninskog poluotoka. Dio koji pripada Republici Hrvatskoj je prostor istočne obale, koja se prostire od Prevlake na jugu do rta Savudrije na zapadu, uključujući sve otoke, otočiće i hridi duž obale, te otočje Palagruža (broj otoka, otočića i hridi je preko 1700), te predstavlja jedinstveno područje u Europi, kako za krstarenja motornim brodicama, gliserima ili jedrilicama, ali i za uživanje u podmorskom svijetu. Više od polovine ukupne površine Hrvatske pripada moru - toplom, čistom, modrom i sunčanom. Siloviti vjetrovi, veliki valovi i jake struje su rijetki, a velikih plimnih razlika nema. Podmorje je raznoliko u reljefu, hridinasto i pješčano, raznovrsno i raznobojno u flori i fauni. Najpliće je more oko istarske obale (do 50 m), oko otoka Palagruže se produbljuje do 250 m. Na jugu je znatno dublje, do 1300 m oko otoka Jabuke. Stotine vrsta riba, glavonožaca, rakova i školjaka obitavaju u obalnom i pučinskom moru. Bočata voda u području obalnih vrulja i riječnih ušća obiluje ciplima i jeguljama. Špiljski nalazi hvarske kulture otkrivaju poznavanje brodova 3500 godina prije Krista. Na vesla i jedra plovile su ilirske ratne liburne, starohrvatske sagene i kondure po jadranu i širom Sredozemlja. Hrvati su vrsni brodograditelji i pomorci od davnih vremena; jedrenjacima su plovili preko oceana i istraživali Novi svijet. I danas grade brodove - od klasičnih drvenih jahti do supertankera koji plove svim morima svijeta. Tradicionalni leuti i gajete (brodice s jednim jarbolom) i danas služe ribarskim obiteljima. Obrok ribara i mornara tradicionalno čine ribe i plodovi mora začinjeni djevičanskim maslinovim uljem. Dubine: Najpliće je more u Istri. Ondje dubina mora nikada ne prelazi 50 metara. Od Pule se morsko dno blago spušta te čini dugu i usku dolinu koja se od Žirja pruža prema Italiji i zove se Jabučka kotlina. Najveća dubina u njoj je oko 240 metara. Od Jabučke se kotline morsko dno podiže do Palagruškog grebena gdje je najveća dubina 130 metara. Prema jugu dno se strmo spušta prema Južnojadranskoj dolini, u kojoj je najdublje izmjereno dno oko 1,300 metara. Morsko dno: Pojava podzemnoga reljefa posljedica je tektonskih pomicanja, abrazije i erozije koje su se dogodile prije nekoliko milijuna godina u doba kada su određeni dijelovi morskog dna jos bili kopno ili obalno područje. Neravna područja morskoga dna stalno se smanjuju uslijed sedimentacije organskih otpadaka zemlje. Taj je process spor, no stalan. Morske struje: Morske su struje pod utjecajem vjetrova, razlika u tlaku, temperaturi i slanosti mora. S obzirom na smjer, mogu biti vodoravne i okomite. Postoje i one s morskog dna koje se javljaju kao posljedica kretanja morske vode s toplijih područja u hladnija. Tijekom toga kretanja površinski sloj vode se hladi i spušta se prema morskome dnu. Jadranske se morske struje teže primjećuju. Brzina struja mijenja se u određenim područjima, no to ovisi i o vremenskim razdobljima. Prosječna brzina morske struje je oko 0,5 čvorova, no one mogu doseći brzinu i od 4 čvora. Morske mijene: Plima i oseka Jadranskoga mora imaju relativno male amplitude. U južnome dijelu ta razlika rijetko prelazi 40-ak centimetara, dok je u sjevernome dijelu ona nesto veća, tako da u Istri i Tršćanskom zaljevu iznosi 1 metar. U nekim uskim kanalima i zaljevima, plima može poprilično narasti tijekom jake bure. Taj fenomen karakterističan je za velike i duboke zaljeve južnoga Jadrana. Morske su mjene miješanoga tipa, što znači da imaju poludnevni ritam tijekom punog mjeseca i mlađaka, a dnevni ritam tijekom prve i zadnje četvrti. Njihove su amplitude veoma nepravilne. Temperatura mora: Jadransko more ima vrlo izraženu godišnju promjenu površinske temperature mora. Prosječna godišnja temperatura je More je najhladnije tijekom zime, a površinska temperatura mora je oko 7°C; Ona rijetko moze pasti i niže. U proljeće more postaje sve toplije, pa površinska temperatura raste do 18°C. Ljeti temperature mora dosežu visoke iznose, čak 22-25°C, a na južnom Jadranu i u Istri i do 27°C. Na Jadranu se termokline, tj. dijelovi vodenog stupa koje odlikuje ista temperatura, veoma dobro mogu razlikovati. Termokline su najočitije tijekom ljeta. Zimi počinju izotermalni procesi, tj. izjednačavanje temperature u vodenom stupu Ljeti prvu termoklinu zapažamo na dubini od 3-5 m, iduću na oko 12 m, a sljedeću na 18 m, dok su na dubini višoj od 30 metara temperature uglavnom konstantne tijekom cijele godine. Slanost mora: Ukupna količina soli dobivene iz kilograma morske vode naziva se slanost mora i obično se izražava u gramima ili promilima. Slanost Jadranskoga mora je u prosjeku 38,30 promila, tj. 38.30 grama soli dobije se i 1 kg vode. U sjevernom je dijelu slanost nešto niža nego na srednjem i južnom Jadranu zbog utjecaja rijeke Pad. Klima: Mediteranska klima s vrućim i suhim ljetima, te blagim i vlažnim zimama. Prosječna temperatura u primorju zimi 5 do 10 stupnjeva C, a ljeti 26 do 30 stupnjeva C. Temperatura mora između 12 stupnjeva C u veljači i 25 stupnjeva C u kolovozu. Valovi na Jadranu: Valovi se javljaju uglavnom kao posljedica vjetra. Što je veći doseg, tj. površina po kojoj vjetar puše, to će veći valovi nastati. Njihova jačina ovisi o obliku obale i njezinoj izloženosti. Na taj se način dobiva miješanje površinskog sloja vode s onim iz dubine te interakcija između atmosfere i mora. Razlikujemo brijeg i dolinu vala. Duljina vala udaljenost je između dvije doline vala. Visine jadranskih valova uglavnom se kreću između 0,5 i 1,5 m, a vrlo rijetko prelaze 5 metara. Vjetrovi: Osnovni vjetrovi na Jadranskom moru su bura, maestral i jugo. Obavijesti o vremenu: Obalne radio postaje emitiraju dnevno podatke o vremenu i vremenske prognoze za slijedeća 24 h na hrvatskom i engleskom jeziku: Radio Rijeka UKW kanal 24: 05,35 h, 14,35 h, 19,35 h Radio Split UKW kanali 07, 21, 23, 81: 05,45 h, 12,45 h, 19,45 h Radio Dubrovnik UKW Stalne vremenske prognoze na VHF - odašiljačima: Vremenske prognoze na hrvatskom, engleskom, talijanskom i njemačkom jeziku za područje hrvatskih obalnih voda emitiraju se neprekidno svakih 10 minuta, a aktualiziraju u 07,00 h, 13,00 h i 19,00 h (mjesno vrijeme). Sadrže pregled situacije, kratku prognozu za slijedeća 24 sata i podatke o tlaku zraka. Emitiranje je na: VHF-kanalu 73 za sjeverni Jadran / zapadna obala Istre VHF-kanalu 69 za sjeverni Jadran / istočni dio VHF-kanalu 67 za srednji Jadran / istočni dio VHF-kanalu 73 za jućni Jadran / istočni dio