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- ABOUT HPV - ABOUT GARDASIL®9 - INSURANCE & COVERAGE - RESOURCES Home > Protection against HPV According to The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, the only way to protect yourself from genital HPV is to completely abstain from any sexual activity that involves genital contact – a fairly unrealistic option. Short of total protection, there is a benefit to protecting yourself to the best of your ability, regardless of whether you are currently sexually active, or whether or not you have already been infected with HPV. Listed below are certain steps you can take to help protect yourself and help decrease your risk of contracting or transmitting HPV. For women It’s a fact… Regular Pap tests and HPV vaccination may help prevent cases of cervical cancer. Consider being vaccinated with GARDASIL®9 HPV vaccination is NOT just for kids. You can get the virus at any point in your life while sexually active. GARDASIL®9 can be administered in women 9-45 years of age and men 9-26 years of age. Vaccination with GARDASIL®9 can provide effective protection against the 9 HPV types that cause about 90% of cervical cancer cases and the 2 HPV types that cause over 90% of genital warts. If you’re already infected with the virus, it’s NOT too late to be vaccinated. Even if you may have been infected with one type of HPV, vaccination can still help protect you from other types of the virus contained in the vaccine. The vaccine cannot treat an existing HPV infection, however. Some HPV types will clear up on their own but some can cause cancers like cervical, vaginal, vulvar and anal cancers. Not to mention genital warts. So helping to protect yourself with the GARDASIL®9 vaccine just makes sense. If you choose to help protect yourself with the GARDASIL®9 vaccine, you may also want to share your knowledge on HPV prevention with someone you care about. Send an email now Talk to your healthcare professional today to find out if GARDASIL®9 is right for you. Use a condom Just remember that using a condom is not a guarantee for complete protection against HPV, because it only protects the area it covers. HPV can still be contracted through skin-to-skin contact beyond the area the condom is covering. That said, using a condom is a great way to reduce your risk of HPV infection, not to mention an excellent way to protect against other sexually transmitted infections. Have regular Pap tests Just like a mammogram screens for breast cancer, your Pap test helps screen for cervical cancer. A Pap test is a simple screening method that detects cell changes in the cervix. Regular Pap tests are the best way to find abnormal cervical cells early and treat them before they develop into cervical cancer. The majority of abnormal Pap tests are caused by HPV. To get a Pap test, make an appointment with your healthcare professional. Remember: Pap tests should be performed routinely, even after vaccination. Put the cigarette out – for good Smoking lowers the immune system and makes it less effective in fighting against HPV infections. It is also a factor in the development of various cancers, as well as genital warts. Women who smoke are about twice as likely as non-smokers to get cervical cancer – good enough reason to quit, no? Learn more about For men Genital warts and cancer – need we say more? Consider getting vaccinated with GARDASIL®9 HPV vaccination is NOT just for women. You can get the virus at any point in your life while sexually active. Vaccination with GARDASIL®9 helps prevent infection with the HPV types that cause most genital warts and HPV-related cancers. Talk to your healthcare professional today to find out if GARDASIL®9 is right for you. Some HPV types will clear up on their own but some can cause cancers like anal cancer. Not to mention, genital warts. So helping to protect yourself with the GARDASIL®9 vaccine just makes sense. If you’re already infected with the virus, it’s NOT too late to be vaccinated. Even if you may have been infected with one type of HPV, vaccination can still help protect you from other types of the virus contained in the vaccine. The vaccine cannot treat an existing HPV infection, however. If you choose to help protect yourself with the GARDASIL®9 vaccine, you may also want to share your knowledge on HPV prevention with someone you care about. Send an email now Use a condom Just remember that using a condom is not a guarantee for complete protection against HPV, because condoms only protect the area they cover. HPV can still be contracted through skin-to-skin contact beyond the area the condom is covering. That said, using a condom is a great way to reduce your risk of HPV infection, not to mention an excellent way to protect against other sexually transmitted infections. Be sure to get routine health exams Although Pap tests are only available for women, you can be examined by your healthcare professional for genital warts caused by HPV and for signs of cancers of the penis, anus, mouth and throat. Both men and women should visit a healthcare professional for regular health exams if they think they are at risk of contracting HPV. Put the cigarette out – for good Smoking lowers the immune system and makes it less effective in fighting against HPV infections. It is also a factor in the development of various cancers, as well as genital warts. Good enough reason to quit, no? Learn more about For parents You can talk to your child about how to help prevent HPV and lower their risk of developing the HPV virus and HPV-related diseases in their future. Consider having your child vaccinated with GARDASIL®9 Your child can get the virus at any point in his or her life while sexually active – which is why getting protected early on in life is recommended. Vaccination with GARDASIL®9 helps prevent infection with the HPV types that cause most genital warts and HPV-related cancers. Talk to your healthcare professional today to find out if GARDASIL®9 is right for your child. If your child is already infected with the virus, it’s NOT too late to be vaccinated. Even if they have been infected with one type of HPV, vaccination can still help protect your child from other types of the virus contained in the vaccine. The vaccine cannot treat an existing HPV infection, however. If you choose to help protect your child with the GARDASIL®9 vaccine, you may also want to share your knowledge on HPV prevention with other parents – for all the reasons on this website! Send an email now You can also encourage your child to: Use condoms. Just remind them that using a condom is not a guarantee for complete protection against HPV, because condoms only protect the area they cover. HPV can still be contracted through skin-to-skin contact beyond the area the condom is covering. That said, using a condom is a great way to reduce your child’s risk of HPV infection, not to mention an excellent way to protect against other sexually transmitted infections. For young women: get regular Pap tests. Scheduling regular Pap tests for your daughter gives her the chance to get treated early if she does contract HPV. For young men: schedule regular health exams. Scheduling routine health exams for your son is a good opportunity for him to be checked by his healthcare professional for any signs of genital warts. Delay having sex. The best way to prevent HPV is to not have sex at all. All it takes is 1 infected partner for your child to be infected. Learn more about It’s a fact… Cervical cancer may be prevented with regular Pap tests and HPV vaccination. HPV vaccination also helps prevent other HPV-related diseases like genital warts. It’s a fact… Anal cancer, or cancer of the anus, is rare but increasing. The HPV type most commonly associated with anal cancer is HPV 16. It’s a fact… It’s estimated that 3 in 4 sexually active Canadians will have at least one HPV infection in their lifetime.
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Sve se više mladih cura odlučuje na ovaj oblik zaštite od ove spolno prenosive bolesti, ali nikako ne bi trebala otići na cijepljenje bez da prije znaš osnovne stvari. Krenimo od početka – što je to HPV? Humani papillomavirusi (HPV) su virusi koji uzrokuju bradavice i abnormalni rast tkiva. Postoji više od 100 tipovahumanih papilomavirusa, od kojih su neki povezani s genitalnim karcinomima. Dva tipa (16 i 18) uzrokuju otprilike 70% karcinoma vrata maternice (cerviksa). Većina HPV infekcija ne uzrokuje simptome i prolazi sama od sebe. Oko 80% spolno aktivnih odraslih žena će biti bar jednom u životu zaraženo HPV-om. Obično je infekcija prolazna i nestaje nakon nekoliko mjeseci do godine dana bez simptoma ili trajnog oštećenja. Međutim, ako se zarazi visokorizičnim tipom HPV-a (kao što su spomenuti 16 i 18) može se razviti karcinom cerviksa koji je drugi uzrok smrti kod žena diljem svijeta. Trajna infekcija HPV-om uzrokuje premaligne promjene (promjene za koje postoji rizik od prelaska u rak) genitalnog (spolnog) područja, rak vrata maternice, rak stidnice i rodnice kod djevojaka i žena, rak penisa kod muškaraca, a rak usta i grla, rak analne regije i bradavice anogenitalnog područja kod osoba oba spola. Kako se može zaraziti HPV-om? Zaraziti se možeš spolnim putem, virus se širi direktnim kontaktom sa zaraženom kožom i sluznicama. HPV se prenosi s osobe na osobu kontaktom preko kože i sluznica, prvenstveno spolnim putem i izravnim nespolnim kontaktom. HPV je pronađen i kod djevica, tako da za njegov prijenos nije neophodno potreban spolni odnos u užem smislu s obzirom na to da se virus nalazi i u koži anogenitalne regije. Zar kondom ne štiti od ove spolno prenosive bolesti? Iako kondom štiti od većine spolno prenosivih bolesti, ne štiti u potpunosti od HPV-a budući da zaraza ne ovisi odpenetrantnog spolnog odnosa. Ona se može dogoditi i tijekom kontakta "koža na kožu" u području spolovila. No, postoji cjepivo – zašto se cijepiti? HPV cjepivo namijenjeno za cijepljenje učenika i učenica sadrži tipove 6,11, 16 i 18, te je dostupno pod nazivom Silgard. Koristi se u svrhu zaštite od karcinoma cerviksa, premalignih lezija (abnormalni rast stanica) u genitalnom području i bradavica anogenitalnog područja uzrokovanih određenim tipovima HPV-a. Ovo cjepivo sprečava oko 70% karcinoma cerviksa, oko 50 % premalignih promjena na cerviksu i oko 90% anogenitalnih bradavica. Očekuje se da je zaštita HPV cjepivom dugotrajna. 'Cijepljenje se apsolutno preporučuje za djevojke i dječake. Ovo je cjepivo jedino adekvatno što postoji za sprečavanje raka maternice. To je jedino djelotvorno rješenje budući da se bolest ne može nikako drugačije spriječiti', rekla je dr. med., spec. školske medicine Angelika Tičinović Ivančić. Tko se treba cijepiti? Ovo HPV cjepivo se koristi u žena i djevojaka, mladića i muškaraca u dobi od devet godina na dalje. Primjenjuje se u oba spola, u dvije doze u dobi od 9 do 13 godina, a nakon četrnaestog rođendana u tri doze. Preporučuje se razmak od dva mjeseca između prve i druge doze, te četiri mjeseca između druge i treće doze. HPV cjepivo smije se primjenjivati istovremeno s drugim cjepivima. Tko se ne bi trebao cijepiti? Osobe koje su imale alergijsku reakciju opasnu po život na bilo koju komponentu HPV cjepiva ili na prethodnu dozu HPV cjepiva. Cijepiti se smiju osobe koje su blago bolesne u trenutku predviđenog cijepljenja, no ne bi se smjele cijepiti osobe koje su ozbiljnije bolesne (tada cijepljenje treba odgoditi). Koji su rizici cjepiva? Bilo koji lijek može uzrokovati ozbiljne probleme, poput teške alergijske reakcije. Rizik razvoja ozbiljne nuspojave i smrti nakon primjene bilo kojeg cjepiva je izuzetno mali. Poznata je pojava blagih do umjerenih reakcija nakon HPV cjepiva. Ove reakcije ne traju dugo, te prolaze same od sebe. Najčešće nuspojave cjepiva su glavobolja, mialgija (bol u mišićima), reakcije na mjestu injekcije uključujući bol, crvenilo i oticanje te iscrpljenost. Kratke nesvjestice i povezani simptomi mogu se javiti nakon bilo kojeg medicinskog zahvata, uključujući i cijepljenje. Da se izbjegne nesvjestica, treba sjediti 15 minuta nakon injekcije. 'Cjepivo se u Hrvatskoj koristi od 2007. godine. Osobno sam cijepila preko 100 djevojaka i niti jedna nije imala ozbiljne nuspojave. Za vrijeme dok sam radila u Centru za reproduktivno zdravlje pričala sam s djevojkama koje su zaražene s HPV-om. Većina ih je rekla da im je žao što nisu prije saznale za cjepivo jer bi se sigurno ccijepile To nisu bile promiskuitetne djevojke i imale su možda jednog ili dva partnera. Za bolest koju uzrokuje HPV nema lijeka, a liječenje HPV-a je dugotrajanproces', dodala je dr. med., spec. školske medicine Angelika Tičinović Ivančić. Djevoke koje znaju da su zaražene s HPV virusom mogu napraviti testiranje te ukoliko sanzaju da tipovi kojima su zaražene nisu oni protiv kojih štiti cjepivo mogu se svejedno cijepiti. *Do kraja 2016. godine mogu se cijepiti besplatno protiv HPV-a sve djevojčice i djevojke, dječaci i mladići od devet godina starosti do 25 godina starosti četverovalentnim cjepivom (Silgard). Djecu i mladež koja pohađaju školu te redovite studente i studentice cijepe nadležni timovi školske medicine, a djeca i mladež do 25 godina koja ne pohađaju školu mogu se cijepiti u službi za epidemiologiju nadležnog zavoda za javno zdravstvo ili kod izabranog liječnika. Ukoliko se odlučiš na ovaj korak, moraš imati pristanak roditelja ili staratelja te se tada javiš svom nadležnom školskom liječniku koji ti može dodatno sve pojasniti. VAŽNO: Cijepljenje nije dozvola za neodgovorno spolno ponašanje. Također, žene i dalje trebaju redovito ići na ginekološke preglede i citološki bris (Papa test). Foto: Shutterstock/ Instagram Pročitajte još: Savjet liječnika: cjepiva i tinejdžeri Meningitis – zašto je tako opasan za tinejdžere? Od 01. listopada liječnici više učenicima ne pišu ispričnice Komentari Zasto ovo cjepivo nije obavezno ako je toliko korisno? meni je mama zabranila to cijepljenje, kaže da je njoj ginekolog pričao da nije dosta istraženo i da je spominjao neke smrtne slučajeve, ja mami najviše vjerujem :) Komentiraj i uključi se! Za komentiranje moraš biti prijavljen na portal - prijavi se ili registriraj ako još nemaš korisnički račun članova EKIPE Postani i ti dio EKIPE! REGISTRIRAJ SE!