http___www.undp.org_content_croatia_hr_home_mdgoverview_overview_mdg3__1.xml
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- UNDP around the world close Many of UNDP's relationships with countries and territories on the ground exceed 60 years. Find details on our successes and ongoing work. Visit UNDP's global website. - Afghanistan - Albania - Algeria - Angola - Argentina - Armenia - Azerbaijan - Bahrain - Bangladesh - Barbados - Belarus - Belize - Benin - Bhutan - Bolivia - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Botswana - Brazil - Bulgaria - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Cambodia - Cameroon - Cape Verde - Central African Republic - Chad - Chile - China - Colombia - Comoros - Congo (Dem. Republic of) - Congo (Republic of) - Costa Rica - Côte d'Ivoire - Croatia - Cuba - Cyprus - Democratic People's Republic of Korea - Denmark (Rep. Office) - Djibouti - Dominican Republic - E.U. (Rep. Office) - Ecuador - Egypt - El Salvador - Equatorial Guinea - Eritrea - Ethiopia - Fiji - Finland (Rep. Office) - Gabon - Gambia - Geneva (Rep. 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Office) - Trinidad and Tobago - Tunisia - Turkey - Turkmenistan - Uganda - Ukraine - United Arab Emirates Regional PresenceMuch of UNDP’s work is administered through 5 regional bureaus. - Operations - Research & Publications - News Centre 6 Promote gender equality and empower women Where we are? In education and literacy, Filipino females have fared consistently better than males. Since 1990s, females maintain higher rates of cohort survival and completion rates than males in all levels of education. There has also been gender disparity (in favor of females) in terms of participation rates in both secondary and tertiary education. However, it should be noted that females and males have relatively equal participation rates at the elementary level. One of the most cited reasons behind this gender disparity is that Filipino males tend to get out of the education system because they either need to work to help augment their household income or they had lower motivation in going to school than their female counterparts. In recent years, women have become more empowered through political and economic participation. Women are becoming more visible as leaders and thus more involved in policy decision making, both at the national and local levels. There are also more female workers who have been deployed abroad to work for the welfare of their families. More often than not, however, they tend to accept jobs that are usually not commensurate with their educational attainment such as domestic workers, caregivers, entertainers, clerical staffer or factory workers. Beyond these, the Government also recognizes the other dimensions in gender equality, and thus added a number of indicators, which are discussed below. - Male-to-female ratio: The male-to-female population ratio in the Philippines is 101 to 100. However, Filipino women live longer than men, with a life expectancy of 72.5 years compared to 67.2 years for men; - Literacy: Women also have a slight edge over men in simple literacy rate (94.3 vs. 92.6 percent) and functional literacy rate (86.3 vs. 81.9 percent); - Gender Development Index (GDI) and Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM): Based on the 2006 Human Development Report, the country’s GDI showed an improvement from 0.751 in 2002 to 0.761 in 2004. Likewise, GEM increased from 0.48 in 1999 to 0.542 in 2004. However, these gains do not necessarily translate into positive measurable changes in the roles and status of women in the country; - Gender-based violence (GBV): a recent national survey estimated that around 2.2 million Filipino women or nine percent of all women ages 18 years and above, experienced violence inflicted by their partners. In the past two years, around 70 percent of child-abuse victims were girls and about 40 percent of cases were sexual abuse and exploitation; - Trafficking: The Philippines is recognized as a source, transit, and destination country for cross-border trafficking of women and children for sexual exploitation and forced labor. It is estimated that between 60,000 to 100,000 children and over 100,000 women are trafficked (internally and externally) annually. Since the passage of the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003, the number of cases filed for investigation and prosecution by the Department of Justice had steadily increased from 12 in 2003 to 114 cases in 2005. There had so far been eight convictions since 2003; - Access to income and productive resources: The last decade had seen an increase in the number of women in the labor force with 50 percent of all women working compared to 80 percent of men. In terms of quality of work, 64 percent of those in higher wage-and-salary jobs and 67 percent of own-account workers were men. Among the employed women, 50 percent were wage-and-salary workers, 33 percent were own-account workers and 17 percent, unpaid family workers. While women have a large presence in the growing informal economy, they have limited benefits and protection, such as social security and health care. Moreover, their economic contribution was largely invisible. For instance, as a country with the highest number of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) worldwide, women and men were almost equal in number. The national economy and a quarter of the country’s families were highly dependent on OFW remittances. However, the average cash remittances of women were only 60 percent that of men. This is indicative of the status of women OFWs in lesser skilled and often unprotected lower paying jobs. This renders women vulnerable to exploitation, trafficking and abuse. Of particular concern is that 72 percent of newly-hired OFWs in 2005 were women, indicating lack of opportunities locally for decent work and livelihood to provide for themselves and their families. - Civil and political rights: The Philippine Constitution upholds the right of women to sectoral participation in national and local legislative bodies. The Philippines is one of the few countries with a woman President. Four out of 24 senators are women. Women dominate the civil service at the technical level (74%), but are still largely outnumbered by men in decision-making positions (35%). Women account for only 20 percent of total positions in the judiciary. In the 2004 elections, mean participation rate of women was 18.2 percent at the national and local levels of both executive and legislative bodies. 0.83 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG3 - Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015 - Ratios of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education - Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector - Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament
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Posjetite UNDP-ovu globalnu webstranicu. - Afganistan - Albanija - Alžir - Angola - Argentina - Armenija - Azerbejdžan - Bahrein - Bangladeš - Barbados - Belize - Benin - Bjelorusija - Bolivija - Bosna i Hercegovina - Brazil - Bugarska - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Butan - Cape Verde / Zelenortski otoci - Cipar - Crna Gora - Čad - Čile - Danska (Predstavništvo) - Demokratska Narodna Republika Koreja - Dominikanska Republika - Džibuti (Predstavništvo) - Egipt - Ekvador - Ekvatorijalna Gvineja - Eritreja - Etiopija - Fidži - Filipini - Finska (Predstavništvo) - Gabon - Gambija - Gana - Gruzija - Gvajana - Gvatemala - Gvineja - Gvineja-Bisao - Haiti - Honduras - Hrvatska - Indija - Indonezija - Irak (Republika) - Iran - Istočni Timor - Jamajka - Jemen - Jordan - Južna Afrika - Južni Sudan - Kambodža - Kamerun - Kazahstan - Kenija - Kina - Kirgistan - Kolumbija - Komori - Kongo (Demokratska Republika) - Kongo (Republika) - Kosovo - Kostarika - Kuba - Kuvajt - Lao NDR - Latvija - Lesoto - Libanon - Liberija - Libija - Litva - Madagaskar - Makedonija (Bivša Jugoslavenska Republika) - Malavi - Maldivi - Malezija - Mali - Maroko - Mauricijus - Mauritanija - Meksiko - Mijanmar - Moldavija - Mongolija - Mozambik - Namibija - Nepal - Niger - Nigerija - Nikaragva - Norveška (Predstavništvo) - Obala bjelokosti - Pakistan - Panama - Papua Nova Gvineja - Paragvaj - Peru - Program pomoći palestinskom narodu - Ruanda - Rumunjska - Ruska Federacija - Salvador - Samoa - Sao Tome i Principe - Saudijska Arabija - Sejšeli - Senegal - Sierra Leone - Sirija - Somalija - Srbija - Srednjoafrička republika - Sudan - Surinam - Svaziland - Šri Lanka - Švedska (Predstavništvo) - Tadžikistan - Tajland - Tanzanija - Togo - Trinidad i Tobago - Tunis - Turkmenistan - Turska - Uganda Prisutnost u regijiVećina UNDP-ovog rada provodi se kroz 5 regionalnih ureda. - Operativna podrška - Publikacije - Arhiva vijesti 6 Promovirati ravnopravnost spolova i osnažiti žene Gdje smo U Republici Hrvatskoj se provode potrebne aktivnosti za povećanje sudjelovanja žena u procesu političkog odlučivanja. Žena je vodila Hrvatsku Vladu u 2009. Jedna od pet potpredsjednika Vlade također je žena. Žena je na čelu jednog od 16 ministarstva. Ako uključimo vladske sekretara, ukupna participacija žena u Vladi iznosi 20%. Nadalje, 38 od 153 mjesta u Hrvatskom saboru drže žene, što čini 25 % ukupnog broja, što pokazuje pozitivan trend u odnosu na 2005 ( 32 zastupnika - 21,1 %). Na posljednjim lokalnim izborima u 2009, od ukupno 47.339 osoba na kandidatskim listama , bilo je 11.594 žena ( 24,5 % ) i 35.745 muškaraca ( 75,5 % ). U usporedbi s podacima iz lokalnih izbora 2005, može se zaključiti da je ukupna zastupljenost žena na listama za predstavnička tijela na svim razinama značajno narasla: broj ženskih kandidata povećao se s 19% na 24,5 %. Prema Zakonu o ravnopravnosti spolova, pri predlaganju liste kandidata za izbor članova lokalne samouprave predstavničkim tijelima, predlagatelji moraju poštivati načelo ravnopravnosti spolova i voditi brigu da postoji uravnotežena zastupljenost žena i muškaraca na izbornim listama. Zastupljenost jednog spola u tijelima političkog i javnog odlučivanja niža od 40 % smatra se značajnom neravnotežom u korist drugog spola. Ekonomska kriza ostavila je traga i na pokazateljima za cilj broj 3 : " Jačanje žene ekonomski:“ Stopa nezaposlenosti žena smanjila se s 11,1 % u 2007 na 10% u 2008, ali je rasla na 10,3 % u 2009. Ipak, sudjelovanje žena u samozapošljavanju povećalo se s 37,8 % u 2007 38,4% u 2008, a 38,7 % u 2009. U 2010, vlada je usvojila Žensku Strategiju razvoja poduzetništva 2010-2013. Izrada Strategije nastala je iz obveze za provedbu Nacionalne politike za promicanje ravnopravnosti spolova 2006 - 2010, a cilj je povećati broj žena poduzetnica i stvoriti uvjete za uključivanje većeg broja žena na tržištu rada i smanjiti stopu nezaposlenosti. Osim toga, s obzirom na pitanje o ekonomskom osnaživanju žena, te u svrhu pomaganja obitelji, posebno obiteljima s jednim roditeljem, mogućnost organiziranja produženog boravka za djecu u osnovnim školama je uveden u 2008, kao što je i Hrvatski nacionalni obrazovni standard za osnovnu školu. Zaposleni roditelji, posebno samohrane majke, mogu na taj način postići bolju ravnotežu između radnog i obiteljskog života. Osim toga, kontinuirana financijska podrška je predviđena za projekte u organizaciji civilnoga društva usmjerenog na osnaživanje obitelji, uključujući i obitelji s jednim roditeljem. Problem nasilja u obitelji se također kontinuirano rješava u širem konteksu obiteljskih odnosa. Doista, suzbijanje nasilja nad ženama je sastavni dio Nacionalne strategije za zaštitu od obiteljskog nasilja 2008-2010, koju je Hrvatska vlada usvojila 2007 s ciljem jačanja postojećih i stvaranja novog pravnog, obrazovnog, socijalnog i institucionalnog sustava zaštite za žrtve obiteljskog nasilja. Mjere su usmjerene na edukaciju stručnjaka koji rade u ovom području, razvoj psihosocijalnog tretmana za počinitelje nasilja, analize i provedbe zakona, razvoj i podršku skloništa za žrtve obiteljskog nasilja, poboljšanje statusa žrtava u postupku, te podizanje javne svijesti po ovom pitanju. Posebna pozornost Nacionalne strategije je dana ženama s invaliditetom koje su žrtve obiteljskog nasilja, a njihove posebne potrebe uvijek se uzimaju u obzir pri provedbi mjera za njihovu zaštitu. Od 2005, veliki napredak je postignut u borbi protiv nasilja u obitelji i na jačanju kaznenopravne zaštite za žrtve obiteljskog nasilja i trgovine ljudima. Dakle, novi Zakon o kaznenom postupku (prosinac 2008 ) uveden je po prvi put u hrvatski pravni sustav dozvoljava žrtvama da budu sudionici u sudskom postupku te ostvaruju posebna prava ( psihološka i stručna pomoć, sudjelovanje u postupku kao oštećenik, pravo na savjetnika, pravo na naknadu materijalne i nematerijalne štete financirano iz državnog proračuna, itd.). U razdoblju od posljednjeg Izvješća iz 2005, broj savjetovališta i skloništa za žrtve obiteljskog nasilja je u porastu. Prema podacima iz prosinca 2009 pomoć žrtvama obiteljskog nasilja putem psihološkog savjetovanja nudile su 37 puta, a smještajne usluge ponuđene su bile 19 puta od strane pravnih osoba, organizacija civilnog društva, ustanova socijalne skrbi i vjerkih institucija. Što se tiče cilja broj 7 - " Usklađivanje privatnog i profesionalnog života,“ mora se naglasiti da je Zakon o rodiljnim i roditeljskim potporama koji je na snazi od početka 2009, koji između ostalog, promiče uključenost očeva u obiteljski životu, te uravnotežuje prisutnost obaju roditelja na tržištu rada. Dok je u 2005 broj očeva u ukupnom broju korisnika rodiljnih i roditeljskih potpora iznosio oko 1 %, u 2009 iznosio je oko 2 %, a očekuje se i daljnje povećanje korištenja tih naknada od strane očeva. Iako je napredak u rodno osjetljivim statističkim podatcima vidljiv, potrebno je nastaviti rad na podizanju svijesti o tijelima državne uprave, a osobito u privatnom sektoru s obzirom na potrebu za rodno - raščlanjivanje podataka. Potrebno je naglasiti da je ostvarivanje prava na jednake mogućnosti i prava na istu kvalitetu usluga za žene i muškarce ne znači " neutralna pristup", nego uključuje usklađivanje uslužnih specifičnosti i različite potrebe žena ili muškaraca. To se posebno odnosi na područje rada i zapošljavanja i na područje socijalne zaštite i borbe protiv siromaštva. Ženske pripadnice nacionalnih manjina, starije žene koje žive same, i žena koje žive u ruralnim područjima su posebno ranjive skupine na kojima se precizni statistički podaci moraju očuvati. Aktivnosti UNDP-a u Hrvatskoj Preživjeti seksualno nasilje u ratu Napisala: Jasmina Papa Sunčano je i svježe jutro u ožujku 2012. Stižemo u Vukovar, grad u istočnoj Slavoniji koji je bio jedno od poprišta najgorih zvjerstavamore 0.84 years remaining until 2015 The 8 Millennium Development Goals - 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty - 2 Achieve universal primary education - 3 Promote gender equality and empower women - 4 Reduce child mortality - 5 Improve maternal health - 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - 7 Ensure environmental sustainability - 8 Develop a global partnership for development Targets for MDG3 - Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015 - Ratios of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education - Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector - Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament