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The pituitary gland is the master hormone gland of the body. It is located in the base of the brain and releases hormones that control the function of several other endocrine glands within your body including the thyroid, adrenals, ovaries and testes. It can be affected by many things including previous brain radiation treatment, chemotherapy treatment for childhood leukaemia, head injury, infection, and pituitary masses. Hypopituitarism refers to a lack of production of one or more of these hormones. Depending on how much of the pituitary gland is effected, symptoms can vary from no symptoms at all to fatigue, growth problems, metabolic disturbance, infertility, and anaemia. Symptoms are often subtle and may be overlooked for months or potentially years. Rarely, the pituitary gland may develop a growth which is usually benign. This may be an incidental finding on an MRI performed for another reason or may present with findings of hormone excess or deficiency. Other symptoms include headache, visual disturbance, nausea and vomiting.
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Hipofiz Tümörü Prolaktinoma, hipofiz bezinde oluşan iyi huylu bir tümördür. Beyinde bulunan hipofiz bezinde, aşırı olarak prolaktin hormonu üretilir. Hipofiz tümörü belirtileri genelde kanda aşırı miktarda olan prolaktin hormonuna bağlı olarak gelişir.Eğer tümör çok büyükse çevresindeki dokuya bası nedeniyle de belirtiler oluşabilir Hipofiz bezinde oluşan bir tür tümör olan prolaktinomanın oluş nedeni halen tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Neredeyse tamamı iyi huyludur. Tedavi edilmeyen prolaktinomalar büyüyerek görme sinirine baskı yapabilir ve görme kaybına neden olabilirler.