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OBLIGATION฀ AS฀ D E T E R M IN E D ฀ ACCORDING฀ TO฀ THE฀ PRIVATE฀INTERNATIONAL฀LAW฀ OF฀ THE฀COURT฀BEFORE฀WHICH฀THE฀MATTER฀ IS฀ B R O U G H T ฀ ฀ 4HIS฀ SOLU TION฀ INI TIALLY฀ CRITICISED฀ AS฀ LACKING฀UNIFORMITY฀ AND฀ENCOURAGING฀ FORUM฀SHOPPING฀ BE CAME฀ M O RE ฀ A C C EP T ABLE฀ AFTER฀ THE฀ ENTRY฀ INTO฀ FOR C E ฀OF฀THE฀ #ONVENTION฀ ON฀ THE฀ , A W ฀ APPLICABLE฀ TO฀ # O N TRACTUAL฀ / B L I G A T I O N S ฀ OF฀ ฀ / C TO BER฀ ฀ ALTHOUGH฀ THE฀ L A T T E R ฀ DI D ฀ NOT฀ I R ON฀ OUT฀ ALL฀ THE฀ PROBLEMS฀ IN V O L V E D ฀ IN฀ RECOURSE฀ TO฀ PRIVATE฀INTERNATIONAL฀LAW฀ )N฀ ORDER฀ TO฀ ENSURE฀ M O RE ฀ UNIFORM฀ APPLICATION฀ OF฀ THE฀ PLACE OF PERFORMANCE฀ RULE฀ THE฀REGULATION ฀INTRO DUCES฀A฀NEW฀PROVISION฀DESIGNED฀TO฀AVOID฀LITIGANTS฀INVOKING฀CONmICT OF LAWS฀ RULES฀ 4HIS฀ T I E S ฀ THE฀ PLACE฀ OF฀ PERFORMANCE฀ OF฀ THE฀MOST฀ COMMON฀ CONTRACTS฀ TO฀ THE฀ UNDERLYING฀ F A C T S ฀ SPECIFYING฀ THAT฀ UNLESS฀ OTHERWISE฀ AGREED฀ BETWEEN฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ IT฀ IS฀ @ IN฀ THE฀CASE฀OF฀ THE฀ S AL E ฀ OF฀ G O O DfiS ฀ THE฀ PLACE฀ IN฀ A฀-EMBER฀3TATE฀ WHERE฀ UNDER฀ THE฀ CONTRACT฀ THE฀GOODS฀WERE฀ D E L I V E RE D ฀ OR฀ SHOULD฀ HAVE฀ BEEN฀ D E L I V E RE D ฀ AND฀ @ IN฀ THE฀CASE฀OF฀ THE฀ PROVISION฀ OF฀ SERVICES฀ THE฀ PLACE฀ IN฀ A฀-EMBER฀3TATE฀ WHERE฀ UNDER฀ THE฀ CONTRACT฀ THE฀ SERVICES฀ WERE฀ PROVIDED฀ OR฀ SHOULD฀ HAVE฀ BEEN฀ PROVIDED฀ !RTICLE฀ B ฀ ( O W E V E R ฀ INDEPENDENT฀ P R A G M A T I C ฀ AND฀ F A C T U AL L Y BASED฀IT฀MAY฀ BE฀ IN฀ IN T E N TION฀ ฀ THIS฀ PROVISION฀ CAN฀ HARDLY฀ RE PLACE฀ CONmICT OF LAWS฀ RULES฀IN฀CASES฀WHERE฀THE฀PARTIES฀HAVE฀NOT฀CLEARLY฀STIPULATED฀THE฀PLACE฀OF฀ PERFORMANCE฀ OF฀ THE฀ OBLIGATION฀ IN฀ THE฀ CONTRACT฀ OR฀ WHERE฀ THE฀ OBLIGATION฀ HAS฀ ALREADY฀ BEEN฀ PER FOR M E D ฀ AND฀ THE฀ PLACE฀ OF฀ PERFORMANCE฀ IS฀ IN฀ DIS P U T E ฀ )N฀ P R A C T I C E ฀ SUCH฀ CASES฀ WILL฀ INVOLVE฀ RE V E R TING฀ TO฀ THE฀ GENERAL฀ RULE฀ UNDER฀ !RTICLE฀ A฀ 4HE฀ L A T T E R ฀ APPLIES฀ IN฀ ANY฀ EVENT฀ IN฀ ACCORDANCE฀WITH฀ !RTICLE฀ C ฀ TO฀ ALL฀ CASES฀ NOT฀ COVERED฀ BY฀ P A R A G R A P H ฀ B ฀ I E ฀ CONTRACTS฀ OTHER฀THAN฀CONTRACTS฀FOR฀THE฀SALE฀OF฀GOODS฀OR฀THE฀PROVISION฀OF฀SERVICES ฀ AND฀TO฀THOSE฀CONTRACTS฀AS฀WELL฀IF฀THE฀PLACE฀OF฀PERFORMANCE฀IS฀IN฀A฀THIRD฀ 3 T A T E