<p>I'd say that it's not that they can't, but rather that there simply <strong>isn't much incentive</strong> for them to do so. It just doesn't make much business or financial sense to target a foreign audience, not when a Japanese audience is much closer, more familiar, and less costly to target.</p>

<p>To target foreign audiences, I would imagine that an animation studio would need to expend a lot of additional time and effort on things like dealing with overseas licensors, TV networks, distributors, as well as having to handle language barriers and translations (since I'd imagine that most people working in a Japanese animation studio wouldn't be fluent in English). Even for typical anime, studios tend to avoid <a href="https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/41721/why-dont-anime-studios-hire-native-english-speakers">hiring native speakers of foreign languages</a> if they need a voice for a character with a foreign language, because it's generally much cheaper to hire someone born in Japan. So, if even one foreign voice actor is too costly, then the entire production being in a foreign language would be out of the question.</p>

<p>Okay, but what if we just let the studio produce everything in Japanese, a language that the staff are all familiar with, and then let another company handle the translations for the foreign audience? Well, if the original language is in Japanese, they might as well just target it to Japan in the first place! The localization is probably best left to companies in the target country who natively know the language anyway (or else we might get something like the Engrish in the Psycho Pass Movie). Also, as <a href="https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/43289/why-cant-anime-studios-create-animes-for-foreigns-audiences#comment58051_43289">Memor-X points out</a>, Japanese studios for the most part have little control over which English actors are used and how the English localization and distribution are done.</p>

<p><strong>That's not to say that anime targeted at foreign audiences have never happened.</strong> The barrier is just higher. As you and <a href="https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/43289/why-cant-anime-studios-create-animes-for-foreigns-audiences#comment58044_43289">Memor-X mention</a>, <a href="https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2005-05-03/samuel-l-jackson-gets-animated-for-spike-tv-with-afro-samurai" rel="noreferrer">Afro Samurai</a> was a production that happened thanks to Samuel L. Jackson's interest and contribution. <a href="https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/43289/why-cant-anime-studios-create-animes-for-foreigns-audiences#comment58034_43289">Gagantous also points out</a> that Netflix has financed a number of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_original_programs_distributed_by_Netflix#Anime" rel="noreferrer">original anime series</a> that seem to be animated by Japanese studios, and like with other Netflix original series, are released worldwide all at once.</p>

<p>So, as these examples have shown, Japanese animation studios <em>are</em> capable of creating anime for foreign audiences. It's just that in most non-exceptional cases, they wouldn't have much reason to do so.</p>

<p>Note that if the incentive is there (e.g. either personal interest or with investment from a foreign party, like with Samuel L. Jackson and <em>Samurai Afro</em>), it <em>is</em> doable. After all, if there's a foreign producer already in the loop, then the entrance barrier is much lower.</p>

<p>While Japanese anime studios haven't really created any foreign-targeted anime on their own, <strong>they <em>have</em> however been <em>involved</em> in a number of foreign animation productions.</strong> So in a way, I suppose you could say that Japanese animation studios <em>have</em> (co-)created a number of <em>anime</em> (for <a href="https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/6198/can-an-animated-show-created-outside-japan-be-called-anime">some</a> <a href="https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/69/what-differentiates-anime-from-regular-cartoons">definition</a> of anime) for foreign audiences. For example:</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman:_The_Animated_Series#Animation" rel="noreferrer">Batman: The Animated Series</a> was produced by Warner Bros. Animation, but animated by various overseas animation studios, including the Japanese studios Spectrum Animation, Sunrise, Studio Junio, and TMS Entertainment (as well as various other studios from South Korea, Hong Kong, Spain, and Canada).</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Animatrix" rel="noreferrer">The Animatrix</a>, a compilation of nine animated short films based on <em>The Matrix</em> trilogy, was produced by the Wachowskis, but a large number of the films were animated by Studio 4°C and Madhouse from Japan.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformers:_Animated" rel="noreferrer">Transformers Animated</a> (I watched this series growing up!) was produced by Cartoon Network Studios, but animated by the Japanese studios MOOK DLE, The Answer Studio, and Studio 4°C.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Legend_of_Korra" rel="noreferrer">Legend of Korra</a> had some parts of it animated by Studio Pierrot from Japan (as well as Studio Mir from Korea).</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraculous:_Tales_of_Ladybug_%26_Cat_Noir#Production" rel="noreferrer">Miraculous Ladybug</a> is produced by French studios Zagtoon and Method Animation, in collaboration with De Agostini Editore from Italy, Toei Animation from Japan, and SAMG Animation from South Korea. Actually, it was originally going to be a 2D anime-style series (see <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FlwV3scCgAM" rel="noreferrer">this trailer</a> for a taste of what could have been), but for design reasons, they switched to 3D CGI animation later on.</li>
<li>Also, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toei_Animation#Commission_work" rel="noreferrer">Toei Animation</a> has actually been commissioned to provide animation for lots of American studios in the past.</li>
</ul>

<p>As a final side note, I'd like to add that there <em>is</em> precedent in other media  where the producers mainly target domestic audiences over local audiences when there's money to be had. For example, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/jul/02/warcraft-film-china-blockbuster-hollywood-investment" rel="noreferrer">Hollywood and China</a>.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-08-02T05:40:38.787Z
2018-08-02T05:40:38.787Z
ahiijny
<p>My answer to this would first have to be a question right back at you:
Why would they?</p>

<p>Really, where is the incentive? Anime became world renown without doing any of that, so why would they start now?
I would argue that it's that style, bred by their foreign sensibilities and culture that made it so popular in the rest of world to begin with.</p>

<p>Now, the second thing is, you are wrong. No, they probably don't script dialogues in English, but that's a bit of a huge hurdle to put in their lap when they are already strapped for time on most projects.</p>

<p>However, they definitely know of the Western/other audiences and take them input things (it can be general themes, or jokes that clearly wouldn't be in there if it wasn't for such audiences) related to that. 
The point being that they are aware and influenced - in small or big ways depending on the project - by that part of their audience.
The proof of that is that you have a few projects that get slammed by Japanese fanbases for seemingly altering parts of their work to cater to western sensibilities. That is something more often seen in the video games industry, because Western influence is a lot more direct and palpable (to the people making money from it) in that industry.</p>

<p>The third thing is, to follow up, that they still make most of their money, at least initially, from the home market. Simulcast and other such appearances of anime in a more direct manner in the west are bound to make these influences more numerous, whereas it used to be that the only thing Western audiences brought was goodies/DVD sale's income.</p>

<p>The fourth and last thing is, in most cases, this isn't something that depends on the animation studios at all.
To this day, most anime that are actually made come from manga (a rapidly growing number from light novels, and even mobile games, and some, completely original), a market that is even more centralized to Japan. And the popularity(and therefore the likeliness for it to be made into an anime) of a manga is almost solely based on the reviews/scores people give to the magazine publishers, chapter by chapter.</p>

<p>It's not to say that Western influence isn't there though. A clear example would be <em>Watamote</em>, I encourage you to look into the popularization of this specific manga/anime. How different the reception was in America and Japan.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-08-02T09:13:07.453Z
2018-08-02T11:04:20.930Z
2018-08-02T11:04:20.930Z
Yann G
<p>When anime is exported overseas, very little of the money makes it back to the creators. Most of the profit is absorbed by the companies that buy the international rights to the show and then proceed to sell them to various western networks. </p>

<p>Unless an anime becomes <em>massively</em> popular (DBZ, Pokémon, SM, Naruto, AoT, etc) the bread and butter of the anime studios is the local Japanese market. </p>

<p>If you want an anime made for America, look at the anime style American made cartoons. Avatar, the last Airbender comes to mind. </p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-08-01T14:24:19.810Z
2018-08-01T14:24:19.810Z
Mr. F
<p>For example, to originally script dialogues in English and set the story in a country of any and the characters are non-Japanese.</p>

<p>If anime became world-renowned, why can't animation studios bother to create animes that target foreign audiences rather than its own Japanese audiences?</p>

<p>For example, the video game <em>Resident Evil</em> is produced by Capcom, a Japanese video game developer, but the game was created for American audiences because originally the English acting was recorded. Also, <em>Afro Samurai</em> which was animated by Gonzo was an anime that originally recorded English voice acting, so I would presume that anime was catered to American audiences.</p>

<p>So I find it strange why Japanese animation studios can't even produce animes to target non-Japanese audiences.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T04:40:41.820Z
i believe the problem is the culture
Gagantous
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T04:45:58.313Z
@Gagantous if a rich american for example paid an anime studio to make an anime to carter american audience wouldnt that be possible?
Daniel Rigg
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T04:50:38.100Z
well netflix surely did that, https://www.polygon.com/2017/10/16/16486304/netflix-anime-original-films
Gagantous
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T04:53:28.163Z
They can. But they won't
Darjeeling
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:08:15.260Z
Afro Samurai is one of those cases which had an American hand in, something that can't be said for alot of anime that's made for the Japanese. ofcause [Samuel L. Jackson does like anime. hentai too](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSVQtlQtxCs&t=2m35s) so he might have been a fan of the manga
Memor-X
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:10:49.020Z
also there are plenty of anime to be set outside japan and have non-japanese characters. Emma. Jojo's and Lupin all are set outside Japan. Fullmetal Alchemist and Spice and Wolf are European inspired. Character wise Victor and Yuri in Yuri on Ice are Russian and Alice in Kin-iro Mosaic is English, they went so far in the anime to [base Alice's home in England from a real house](https://www.otakunews.com/article.php?story=2085)
Memor-X
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:22:27.140Z
@Memor-X yes those works were set in those countries but were originally recorded in japanese voices only so the question argues about cartering animes to foreign audiences by recording voice acting in whatever language originally and set them in that country,but Afro Samurai was actually set in Japan and most of the characters were Japanese and still it was originally recorded in english voices
Daniel Rigg
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:31:40.040Z
@DanielRigg related 
[can an animated show created outside japan called anime ?](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/6198/can-an-animated-show-created-outside-japan-be-called-anime)
Gagantous
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:33:49.600Z
and this one [What differentiates anime from regular cartoons?](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/69/what-differentiates-anime-from-regular-cartoons?noredirect=1&lq=1)
Gagantous
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:37:44.230Z
@DanielRigg in regards to Voice Talent, generally Japanese Studios don't have access to English Voice Talent and it's companies like Funimation, who do the localization and distribution for english who do have access. it's my understanding that for the most part Japanese studios have little control over what English actors are used.
Memor-X
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:38:16.220Z
btw, Shelter ( not  anime tho... but i think it's still related ) were made to foreign audience
Gagantous
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:38:51.413Z
also i think i recall reading that japanese voice talent is comparably cheaper than english voice actors so it makes more sense to use cheaper resources
Memor-X
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-11-12T06:44:50.537Z
@Memor-X Still look at Afro Samurai I don't see any Japanese voice cast for it which proves that the voice acting was entirely done in English and it was animated by the Japanese anime studio Gonzo and has all anime visuals
Daniel Rigg
<anime-production><anime-history>
Why can't anime studios create animes for foreigns audiences?
# Why can't anime studios create animes for foreigns audiences?
Posted by: username_0 on 2017-11-12
For example, to originally script dialogues in English and set the story in a country of any and the characters are non-Japanese.

If anime became world-renowned, why can't animation studios bother to create animes that target foreign audiences rather than its own Japanese audiences?

For example, the video game *Resident Evil* is produced by Capcom, a Japanese video game developer, but the game was created for American audiences because originally the English acting was recorded. Also, *Afro Samurai* which was animated by Gonzo was an anime that originally recorded English voice acting, so I would presume that anime was catered to American audiences.

So I find it strange why Japanese animation studios can't even produce animes to target non-Japanese audiences.
**Tags:** anime-production anime-history
> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: i believe the problem is the culture  
> **username_0**: @Gagantous if a rich american for example paid an anime studio to make an anime to carter american audience wouldnt that be possible?  
> **username_1**: well netflix surely did that, https://www.polygon.com/2017/10/16/16486304/netflix-anime-original-films  
> **username_2**: They can. But they won't  
> **username_3**: Afro Samurai is one of those cases which had an American hand in, something that can't be said for alot of anime that's made for the Japanese. ofcause [Samuel L. Jackson does like anime. hentai too](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSVQtlQtxCs&t=2m35s) so he might have been a fan of the manga  
> **username_3**: also there are plenty of anime to be set outside japan and have non-japanese characters. Emma. Jojo's and Lupin all are set outside Japan. Fullmetal Alchemist and Spice and Wolf are European inspired. Character wise Victor and Yuri in Yuri on Ice are Russian and Alice in Kin-iro Mosaic is English, they went so far in the anime to [base Alice's home in England from a real house](https://www.otakunews.com/article.php?story=2085)  
> **username_0**: @Memor-X yes those works were set in those countries but were originally recorded in japanese voices only so the question argues about cartering animes to foreign audiences by recording voice acting in whatever language originally and set them in that country,but Afro Samurai was actually set in Japan and most of the characters were Japanese and still it was originally recorded in english voices  
> **username_1**: @DanielRigg related 
[can an animated show created outside japan called anime ?](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/6198/can-an-animated-show-created-outside-japan-be-called-anime)  
> **username_1**: and this one [What differentiates anime from regular cartoons?](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/69/what-differentiates-anime-from-regular-cartoons?noredirect=1&lq=1)  
> **username_3**: @DanielRigg in regards to Voice Talent, generally Japanese Studios don't have access to English Voice Talent and it's companies like Funimation, who do the localization and distribution for english who do have access. it's my understanding that for the most part Japanese studios have little control over what English actors are used.  
> **username_1**: btw, Shelter ( not  anime tho... but i think it's still related ) were made to foreign audience  
> **username_3**: also i think i recall reading that japanese voice talent is comparably cheaper than english voice actors so it makes more sense to use cheaper resources  
> **username_0**: @Memor-X Still look at Afro Samurai I don't see any Japanese voice cast for it which proves that the voice acting was entirely done in English and it was animated by the Japanese anime studio Gonzo and has all anime visuals  
---
## 3 answers
### Answer by username_4 on 2018-08-02. Score: 5
I'd say that it's not that they can't, but rather that there simply **isn't much incentive** for them to do so. It just doesn't make much business or financial sense to target a foreign audience, not when a Japanese audience is much closer, more familiar, and less costly to target.

To target foreign audiences, I would imagine that an animation studio would need to expend a lot of additional time and effort on things like dealing with overseas licensors, TV networks, distributors, as well as having to handle language barriers and translations (since I'd imagine that most people working in a Japanese animation studio wouldn't be fluent in English). Even for typical anime, studios tend to avoid [hiring native speakers of foreign languages](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/41721/why-dont-anime-studios-hire-native-english-speakers) if they need a voice for a character with a foreign language, because it's generally much cheaper to hire someone born in Japan. So, if even one foreign voice actor is too costly, then the entire production being in a foreign language would be out of the question.

Okay, but what if we just let the studio produce everything in Japanese, a language that the staff are all familiar with, and then let another company handle the translations for the foreign audience? Well, if the original language is in Japanese, they might as well just target it to Japan in the first place! The localization is probably best left to companies in the target country who natively know the language anyway (or else we might get something like the Engrish in the Psycho Pass Movie). Also, as [Memor-X points out](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/43289/why-cant-anime-studios-create-animes-for-foreigns-audiences#comment58051_43289), Japanese studios for the most part have little control over which English actors are used and how the English localization and distribution are done.

**That's not to say that anime targeted at foreign audiences have never happened.** The barrier is just higher. As you and [Memor-X mention](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/43289/why-cant-anime-studios-create-animes-for-foreigns-audiences#comment58044_43289), [Afro Samurai](https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2005-05-03/samuel-l-jackson-gets-animated-for-spike-tv-with-afro-samurai) was a production that happened thanks to Samuel L. Jackson's interest and contribution. [Gagantous also points out](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/43289/why-cant-anime-studios-create-animes-for-foreigns-audiences#comment58034_43289) that Netflix has financed a number of [original anime series](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_original_programs_distributed_by_Netflix#Anime) that seem to be animated by Japanese studios, and like with other Netflix original series, are released worldwide all at once.

So, as these examples have shown, Japanese animation studios *are* capable of creating anime for foreign audiences. It's just that in most non-exceptional cases, they wouldn't have much reason to do so.

Note that if the incentive is there (e.g. either personal interest or with investment from a foreign party, like with Samuel L. Jackson and *Samurai Afro*), it *is* doable. After all, if there's a foreign producer already in the loop, then the entrance barrier is much lower.

While Japanese anime studios haven't really created any foreign-targeted anime on their own, **they *have* however been *involved* in a number of foreign animation productions.** So in a way, I suppose you could say that Japanese animation studios *have* (co-)created a number of *anime* (for [some](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/6198/can-an-animated-show-created-outside-japan-be-called-anime) [definition](https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/69/what-differentiates-anime-from-regular-cartoons) of anime) for foreign audiences. For example:

* [Batman: The Animated Series](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman:_The_Animated_Series#Animation) was produced by Warner Bros. Animation, but animated by various overseas animation studios, including the Japanese studios Spectrum Animation, Sunrise, Studio Junio, and TMS Entertainment (as well as various other studios from South Korea, Hong Kong, Spain, and Canada).
* [The Animatrix](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Animatrix), a compilation of nine animated short films based on *The Matrix* trilogy, was produced by the Wachowskis, but a large number of the films were animated by Studio 4°C and Madhouse from Japan.
* [Transformers Animated](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformers:_Animated) (I watched this series growing up!) was produced by Cartoon Network Studios, but animated by the Japanese studios MOOK DLE, The Answer Studio, and Studio 4°C.
* [Legend of Korra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Legend_of_Korra) had some parts of it animated by Studio Pierrot from Japan (as well as Studio Mir from Korea).
* [Miraculous Ladybug](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraculous:_Tales_of_Ladybug_%26_Cat_Noir#Production) is produced by French studios Zagtoon and Method Animation, in collaboration with De Agostini Editore from Italy, Toei Animation from Japan, and SAMG Animation from South Korea. Actually, it was originally going to be a 2D anime-style series (see [this trailer](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FlwV3scCgAM) for a taste of what could have been), but for design reasons, they switched to 3D CGI animation later on.
* Also, [Toei Animation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toei_Animation#Commission_work) has actually been commissioned to provide animation for lots of American studios in the past.

As a final side note, I'd like to add that there *is* precedent in other media where the producers mainly target domestic audiences over local audiences when there's money to be had. For example, [Hollywood and China](https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/jul/02/warcraft-film-china-blockbuster-hollywood-investment).
---
### Answer by username_5 on 2018-08-02. Score: 3
My answer to this would first have to be a question right back at you:
Why would they?

Really, where is the incentive? Anime became world renown without doing any of that, so why would they start now?
I would argue that it's that style, bred by their foreign sensibilities and culture that made it so popular in the rest of world to begin with.

Now, the second thing is, you are wrong. No, they probably don't script dialogues in English, but that's a bit of a huge hurdle to put in their lap when they are already strapped for time on most projects.

However, they definitely know of the Western/other audiences and take them input things (it can be general themes, or jokes that clearly wouldn't be in there if it wasn't for such audiences) related to that.
The point being that they are aware and influenced - in small or big ways depending on the project - by that part of their audience.
The proof of that is that you have a few projects that get slammed by Japanese fanbases for seemingly altering parts of their work to cater to western sensibilities. That is something more often seen in the video games industry, because Western influence is a lot more direct and palpable (to the people making money from it) in that industry.

The third thing is, to follow up, that they still make most of their money, at least initially, from the home market. Simulcast and other such appearances of anime in a more direct manner in the west are bound to make these influences more numerous, whereas it used to be that the only thing Western audiences brought was goodies/DVD sale's income.

The fourth and last thing is, in most cases, this isn't something that depends on the animation studios at all.
To this day, most anime that are actually made come from manga (a rapidly growing number from light novels, and even mobile games, and some, completely original), a market that is even more centralized to Japan. And the popularity(and therefore the likeliness for it to be made into an anime) of a manga is almost solely based on the reviews/scores people give to the magazine publishers, chapter by chapter.

It's not to say that Western influence isn't there though. A clear example would be *Watamote*, I encourage you to look into the popularization of this specific manga/anime. How different the reception was in America and Japan.
---
### Answer by username_6 on 2018-08-01. Score: -1
When anime is exported overseas, very little of the money makes it back to the creators. Most of the profit is absorbed by the companies that buy the international rights to the show and then proceed to sell them to various western networks.

Unless an anime becomes *massively* popular (DBZ, Pokémon, SM, Naruto, AoT, etc) the bread and butter of the anime studios is the local Japanese market.

If you want an anime made for America, look at the anime style American made cartoons. Avatar, the last Airbender comes to mind.
---
