<p>Generally speaking, there's 2 types of planet systems in a binary - see pretty picture.   <a href="http://jenomarz.com/designing-a-planetary-system-extension/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Source</a>.  The writer is a sci-fi writer so the entire article might be of interest to you.</p>

<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/PWDRw.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/PWDRw.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></a></p>

<p>Due to binary star tidal forces, there are some setups that are unlikely but in your example with a 100 AU distance between the stars, an orbit around the larger star is reasonable.</p>

<p>A double planet system is less likely.   It's unlikely to form on it's own during planet formation as that requires too much planetary angular momentum during formation.</p>

<p>It's possible, but also unlikely to form by giant impact, as that's more likely to leave 1 planet and 1 moon.  I've read (but can't find an article right now) that there's a giant impact size ratio and it's in the planet-moon range, not planet planet.   Much less than 1 to 1.  Pluto-Charon is 9-1 and Earth-Moon 81-1.   A giant impact is also unlikely to create an Iron rich core for both objects.   It's not a good way to create planet-planet.</p>

<p>That leaves a 3rd possibility, also unlikely, but perhaps the most likely of the bunch is planet capture.    Planets can form in Trojan points in the same orbit (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theia_%28planet%29#Orbit" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Theia</a>).  The difficulty with orbital capture is that the velocity needs to be just right and capture's are likely to be significantly elongated orbits, which, maybe, over time, perhaps with a 3rd asteroid, could even out to slightly more circular.   This is very improbable, but it might be the most likely way to form a double planet.</p>

<p>My 2 cents, as a layman.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2015-10-11T03:52:29.570Z
2015-10-11T03:52:29.570Z
userLTK
<p>This might not be a complete answer but in fact a planet does not exactly orbit a star. A star and a planet (or any celestial body) orbit the mass center of both. In example the Sun-Earth system is orbiting a point located inside the sun, that is not it's exact center of the sun but the mass center of both.
In multi-body systems, the mass center might not be a single point in space.</p>

<p>With this and assuming the mass of a star is much bigger than the mass of a planet, it can be assumed that a star will hardly be orbiting both star and planets. What could happen is that the planets would orbit arround both stars (maybe one, maybe the other and maybe both). </p>

<p>In order to have a planet and a star be orbiting another star, the "main" star should be much bigger than the "secondary" star and the planet should be much closer to the main star than the secondary. So it would be something similar to having the Sun, Mercury and Jupiter. </p>

<p>In order to have a binary planet orbiting the main star, I guess they should be very close one to each other.</p>

<p>I must say I'm not an expert in this subject.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2015-10-10T14:50:55.843Z
2015-10-10T14:50:55.843Z
Felix L.
<p>Right now I'm writing a sci-fi story that develops in a double planet. But that's not all, the double planet (along with a couple more planets) orbit a big star and the whole system is orbited by another star (about 100 AU from the central star.)</p>

<p>I need to know how implausible this is. I don't want my story to drift from speculation into impossible worlds. I'm guessing that the occurrence of such a planetary arrangement is very low likely, but is such a system even possible at all? </p>

<p>Now, if it's possible, how messed up the days and seasons would be? I'm bending my brain to figure out what would be the length of day and night in such a system (the planets are very close to each other.)</p>

<p>Any help with this will be really appreciated.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2015-10-10T19:15:29.343Z
Read Helliconia Summer etc before getting too far !
ProfRob
<binary-star>
Double Planet Orbiting Wide Binary Star?
A.C Louis
# Double Planet Orbiting Wide Binary Star?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2015-10-08)

Right now I'm writing a sci-fi story that develops in a double planet. But that's not all, the double planet (along with a couple more planets) orbit a big star and the whole system is orbited by another star (about 100 AU from the central star.)

I need to know how implausible this is. I don't want my story to drift from speculation into impossible worlds. I'm guessing that the occurrence of such a planetary arrangement is very low likely, but is such a system even possible at all?

Now, if it's possible, how messed up the days and seasons would be? I'm bending my brain to figure out what would be the length of day and night in such a system (the planets are very close to each other.)

Any help with this will be really appreciated.

**Tags:** binary-star

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: Read Helliconia Summer etc before getting too far !  

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## 2 answers

### Answer by username_2 on 2015-10-11. Score: 2 | Accepted answer

Generally speaking, there's 2 types of planet systems in a binary - see pretty picture. [Source](http://jenomarz.com/designing-a-planetary-system-extension/). The writer is a sci-fi writer so the entire article might be of interest to you.

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/PWDRw.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/PWDRw.jpg)

Due to binary star tidal forces, there are some setups that are unlikely but in your example with a 100 AU distance between the stars, an orbit around the larger star is reasonable.

A double planet system is less likely. It's unlikely to form on it's own during planet formation as that requires too much planetary angular momentum during formation.

It's possible, but also unlikely to form by giant impact, as that's more likely to leave 1 planet and 1 moon. I've read (but can't find an article right now) that there's a giant impact size ratio and it's in the planet-moon range, not planet planet. Much less than 1 to 1. Pluto-Charon is 9-1 and Earth-Moon 81-1. A giant impact is also unlikely to create an Iron rich core for both objects. It's not a good way to create planet-planet.

That leaves a 3rd possibility, also unlikely, but perhaps the most likely of the bunch is planet capture. Planets can form in Trojan points in the same orbit ([Theia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theia_%28planet%29#Orbit)). The difficulty with orbital capture is that the velocity needs to be just right and capture's are likely to be significantly elongated orbits, which, maybe, over time, perhaps with a 3rd asteroid, could even out to slightly more circular. This is very improbable, but it might be the most likely way to form a double planet.

My 2 cents, as a layman.


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### Answer by username_3 on 2015-10-10. Score: 0

This might not be a complete answer but in fact a planet does not exactly orbit a star. A star and a planet (or any celestial body) orbit the mass center of both. In example the Sun-Earth system is orbiting a point located inside the sun, that is not it's exact center of the sun but the mass center of both.
In multi-body systems, the mass center might not be a single point in space.

With this and assuming the mass of a star is much bigger than the mass of a planet, it can be assumed that a star will hardly be orbiting both star and planets. What could happen is that the planets would orbit arround both stars (maybe one, maybe the other and maybe both).

In order to have a planet and a star be orbiting another star, the "main" star should be much bigger than the "secondary" star and the planet should be much closer to the main star than the secondary. So it would be something similar to having the Sun, Mercury and Jupiter.

In order to have a binary planet orbiting the main star, I guess they should be very close one to each other.

I must say I'm not an expert in this subject.


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