<p>The principle spectral features detected when looking at the spectra of brown dwarfs are Titanium and Vanadium oxides in the case of M-type brown dwarfs; strongly broadened alkali metal lines (sodium, potassium) in the case of L-type brown dwarfs (which also betray their high surface gravities); methane in the case of T-type brown dwarfs and ammonia in the case of Y-dwarfs.</p>
<p>The principle characteristic of white dwarfs are very broad absorption lines (principally hydrogen). These show that these objects have surface gravities that are many orders of magnitude larger than any planet.</p>
<p>Thus your hypothesised objects would have spectra that were nothing like those of brown dwarfs or white dwarfs</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2022-10-06T06:52:22.770Z
2022-10-06T06:52:22.770Z
ProfRob
<p>Is it possible that we humans may have missclassified a handful few but not all brown dwarf stars or white dwarfs, when there really could be possibly a burning planet?  Assuming a large enough planet is made of nearly molecular proportions of gaseous Ethane and gaseous 8x oxygen molecule for every carbon atom in the planet and was to be ignited by an asteroid impact, it would have a share few characteristics of brown dwarf and white dwarf.  The planet if large enough and have enough Oxygen-Alkane composition, could stay in the burning phase for a long time.</p>
<p>As for the planet to burn as stated:
C2H6 + 7 O2 -&gt; 4 CO2 + 6 H2O</p>
<p>CO2 (~44 g/mole) is heavier than the other three, thus during the burn it would go below the oxygen (~32 g/mole) layer and ethane (~30 g/mole) layer every time it was to be created.  As for H2O, it is 18 g/mole thus it would go above the Oxygen and Ethane layers.  Thus could one assume that there will be Oxygen molecules available for the ethane molecules, and thus the burning processes can continue indefinitely till either the Alkane has been converted to CO2 and water, or if oxygen becomes to little to continue the burning process.</p>
<p>The reason why it would be hard to differentiate, is because spectral map of light from the object would have a hydrogen absorption line, as well as carbon and oxygen lines, which would be normal for both a brown dwarf and a white dwarf.</p>
<p>Alkanes are known to also exist in brown dwarfs thus atomic spectrography would show Carbon and Hydrogen atoms in both a burning planet and a brown dwarf.  It is possible for spectral map of a white dwarf to have oxygen lines, and white dwarfs are known to have carbon.  As for the oxygen line, there have been research and possible discoveries that showed it is possible but rare for a white dwarf to have Oxygen dominant spectrum lines.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1180228" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Two White Dwarfs with Oxygen-Rich Atmospheres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334712873_Defining_the_DS_Spectral_Type_for_Oxygen-atmosphere_White_Dwarfs" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Defining the DS Spectral Type for Oxygen-atmosphere White Dwarfs</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Thus a spectral diagram may not be able to differentiate between a burning planet or a brown/white dwarf.</p>
<p>Thus what could be used to differentiate a burning planet from a brown or white dwarf, other than waiting till the burning planet can no longer continue burning Alkanes with Oxygen due to the depletion of one of them?</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2022-10-06T06:06:20.287Z
Conservation of energy, $1/r^2$ and some basic probability arithmetic might be enough to answer this. I wonder how long a burning planet could sustain combustion at a rate so high that it would be visible from Earth from these observed distances; seconds? Minutes? What's the probability that any happen to be doing it *right now* and keeping it up for the years or decades that they appear to be steady and visible in recorded data?
uhoh
<planet><spectroscopy><planetary-atmosphere>
Is it possible for us to have mistaken a few brown dwarfs and a few white dwarfs for a burning ethane-octane-oxygen planet?
Dimitri Morvaine
# Is it possible for us to have mistaken a few brown dwarfs and a few white dwarfs for a burning ethane-octane-oxygen planet?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2022-10-06)

Is it possible that we humans may have missclassified a handful few but not all brown dwarf stars or white dwarfs, when there really could be possibly a burning planet? Assuming a large enough planet is made of nearly molecular proportions of gaseous Ethane and gaseous 8x oxygen molecule for every carbon atom in the planet and was to be ignited by an asteroid impact, it would have a share few characteristics of brown dwarf and white dwarf. The planet if large enough and have enough Oxygen-Alkane composition, could stay in the burning phase for a long time.

As for the planet to burn as stated:
C2H6 + 7 O2 -> 4 CO2 + 6 H2O

CO2 (~44 g/mole) is heavier than the other three, thus during the burn it would go below the oxygen (~32 g/mole) layer and ethane (~30 g/mole) layer every time it was to be created. As for H2O, it is 18 g/mole thus it would go above the Oxygen and Ethane layers. Thus could one assume that there will be Oxygen molecules available for the ethane molecules, and thus the burning processes can continue indefinitely till either the Alkane has been converted to CO2 and water, or if oxygen becomes to little to continue the burning process.

The reason why it would be hard to differentiate, is because spectral map of light from the object would have a hydrogen absorption line, as well as carbon and oxygen lines, which would be normal for both a brown dwarf and a white dwarf.

Alkanes are known to also exist in brown dwarfs thus atomic spectrography would show Carbon and Hydrogen atoms in both a burning planet and a brown dwarf. It is possible for spectral map of a white dwarf to have oxygen lines, and white dwarfs are known to have carbon. As for the oxygen line, there have been research and possible discoveries that showed it is possible but rare for a white dwarf to have Oxygen dominant spectrum lines.

* [Two White Dwarfs with Oxygen-Rich Atmospheres](https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1180228)
* [Defining the DS Spectral Type for Oxygen-atmosphere White Dwarfs](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334712873_Defining_the_DS_Spectral_Type_for_Oxygen-atmosphere_White_Dwarfs)

Thus a spectral diagram may not be able to differentiate between a burning planet or a brown/white dwarf.

Thus what could be used to differentiate a burning planet from a brown or white dwarf, other than waiting till the burning planet can no longer continue burning Alkanes with Oxygen due to the depletion of one of them?

**Tags:** planet, spectroscopy, planetary-atmosphere

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: Conservation of energy, $1/r^2$ and some basic probability arithmetic might be enough to answer this. I wonder how long a burning planet could sustain combustion at a rate so high that it would be visible from Earth from these observed distances; seconds? Minutes? What's the probability that any happen to be doing it *right now* and keeping it up for the years or decades that they appear to be steady and visible in recorded data?  

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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_2 on 2022-10-06. Score: 7

The principle spectral features detected when looking at the spectra of brown dwarfs are Titanium and Vanadium oxides in the case of M-type brown dwarfs; strongly broadened alkali metal lines (sodium, potassium) in the case of L-type brown dwarfs (which also betray their high surface gravities); methane in the case of T-type brown dwarfs and ammonia in the case of Y-dwarfs.

The principle characteristic of white dwarfs are very broad absorption lines (principally hydrogen). These show that these objects have surface gravities that are many orders of magnitude larger than any planet.

Thus your hypothesised objects would have spectra that were nothing like those of brown dwarfs or white dwarfs


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