<p>For the current Julian Era (from 1, 1, 4713 BCE to modern day), I am looking for a raw data tables or a model that allows to predict the following events related to apparent motion of Sun and Moon:</p>
<ul>
<li>Julian Days (with fractional part for UTC time) of Equinoxes and solstices within a given (Proleptic if needed) Julian or (Proleptic if needed) Gregorian year.</li>
<li>Julian Days (with fractional part for UTC time) of all full moons/new moons within a given (Proleptic if needed) Julian or (Proleptic if needed) Gregorian year.</li>
<li>Julian Days (with fractional part for UTC time) of all full lunar and solar eclipses and the coordinates where Sun-Moon/Moon where in zenith at that moment with given range of Julian day numbers.</li>
</ul>
<p>I also would like to know if there any reliable model that allows to predict UTC times of sunrises/sunsets and moonrises/moonsets at given local geographical coordinates at given Julian Day Number or (Proleptic if needed) Gregorian/Julian calendar date.</p>
<p>References to raw data, useful software or even useful mathematical equations and Python modules would be appreciated. Thanks!</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2023-12-27T11:58:58.163Z
You can get Sun & Moon data from [Horizons](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/). But you can't determ8ne UTC for times in the distant past or future, due to the irregularity in the Earth's rotation. See https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/a/40867/16685 & https://www.eclipsewise.com/help/uncertainty2004.html
PM 2Ring
CC BY-SA 4.0
2023-12-27T19:09:46.213Z
I don't have any links to give, but you should be able to find a lot of study on solar eclipses, as historical records of them are often used to measure the irregularity in the Earth's rotation.
Greg Miller
CC BY-SA 4.0
2023-12-27T19:36:18.810Z
@PM2Ring Thanks! But generally, what we know, is good enough to get standard deviation of about an hour in Bronze Age and Antiquity, right? Its my primary interest.
Suiinditor Impudens
CC BY-SA 4.0
2023-12-30T00:10:06.027Z
As @PM2Ring cited, https://www.eclipsewise.com/help/uncertainty2004.html tells us that we'd be looking at standard deviations of ~4.5 hours at 4000 BCE.
Michael Bonnet
<the-sun><the-moon><celestial-mechanics><raw-data><apparent-motion>
Looking for data and models for events of Sun and Moon apparent motion in distant past?
Suiinditor Impudens
# Looking for data and models for events of Sun and Moon apparent motion in distant past?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2023-12-27)

For the current Julian Era (from 1, 1, 4713 BCE to modern day), I am looking for a raw data tables or a model that allows to predict the following events related to apparent motion of Sun and Moon:

* Julian Days (with fractional part for UTC time) of Equinoxes and solstices within a given (Proleptic if needed) Julian or (Proleptic if needed) Gregorian year.
* Julian Days (with fractional part for UTC time) of all full moons/new moons within a given (Proleptic if needed) Julian or (Proleptic if needed) Gregorian year.
* Julian Days (with fractional part for UTC time) of all full lunar and solar eclipses and the coordinates where Sun-Moon/Moon where in zenith at that moment with given range of Julian day numbers.

I also would like to know if there any reliable model that allows to predict UTC times of sunrises/sunsets and moonrises/moonsets at given local geographical coordinates at given Julian Day Number or (Proleptic if needed) Gregorian/Julian calendar date.

References to raw data, useful software or even useful mathematical equations and Python modules would be appreciated. Thanks!

**Tags:** the-sun, the-moon, celestial-mechanics, raw-data, apparent-motion

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: You can get Sun & Moon data from [Horizons](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/). But you can't determ8ne UTC for times in the distant past or future, due to the irregularity in the Earth's rotation. See https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/a/40867/16685 & https://www.eclipsewise.com/help/uncertainty2004.html  
> **username_2**: I don't have any links to give, but you should be able to find a lot of study on solar eclipses, as historical records of them are often used to measure the irregularity in the Earth's rotation.  
> **username_0**: @PM2Ring Thanks! But generally, what we know, is good enough to get standard deviation of about an hour in Bronze Age and Antiquity, right? Its my primary interest.  
> **username_3**: As @PM2Ring cited, https://www.eclipsewise.com/help/uncertainty2004.html tells us that we'd be looking at standard deviations of ~4.5 hours at 4000 BCE.  

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## 0 answers

