<p>It's Alexey Maksimovich Fridman. I think that's pretty clear from the respective research interests of the two scientists, but we can go deeper...</p>
<p>Let's start off with the author of your 1971 paper. A <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/search/fq=%7B!type%3Daqp%20v%3D%24fq_database%7D&amp;fq_database=database%3A%20astronomy&amp;p_=0&amp;q=pubdate%3A%5B1960-01%20TO%201971-12%5D%20author%3A(%22fridman%2C%20a%20m%22)&amp;sort=date%20desc%2C%20bibcode%20desc" rel="nofollow noreferrer">reference search on the Astrophysics Data System for the years 1960-1971</a> shows that A.M. Fridman's first publication was apparently in 1966: <a href="http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/pdf/1966SvA....10..261F" rel="nofollow noreferrer">&quot;Rotational Instability of a Gas Disc&quot;</a>. This paper shows he was at the Nuclear Physics Institute, Novosibirsk (I'm guessing this is the original name of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budker_Institute_of_Nuclear_Physics" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics</a>), the same institution he's at for the 1971 paper. From the paper titles, we can see that the 1971 paper is not some one-off effort; he was generally interested in the stability of astrophysical systems.</p>
<p>The Wikipedia article for Alexey Maksimovich Fridman notes that he was at the &quot;Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk&quot; from 1966 through 1971. (So, same place and same time as A.M. Fridman.) It also notes his clear interest (and publications) in astrophysics.</p>
<p>Now, for Alexander Fridman (the Drexel University professor), I didn't do an exhaustive research-publication search, though it does seems pretty clear his interests do <em>not</em> involve astrophysics. I did find a video interview with him done by his son (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JipQNWuYnA&amp;t=4401s" rel="nofollow noreferrer">&quot;Alexander Fridman: My Dad, the Plasma Physicist&quot;</a>) in which he discusses his life and career. Since it's three and a half hours long, I'm afraid I didn't listen to it; but I did skim <a href="https://www.happyscribe.com/public/lex-fridman-podcast-artificial-intelligence-ai/100-alexander-fridman-my-dad-the-plasma-physicist" rel="nofollow noreferrer">a transcript</a>. From this, I was able to gather that Alexander Fridman was born in the Ukraine in 1953 and went to university in Moscow, starting in 1970. This would make him about 13 years old (and living in the Ukraine) when A.M. Fridman's first paper was published (when the latter was in Novosibirsk). So... Alexander Fridman is probably not our guy.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-07-08T20:59:24.263Z
Thank you for your help.
uhoh
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-07-08T08:41:49.397Z
2021-07-08T08:41:49.397Z
Peter Erwin
<p><a href="https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/q/44763/7982">Is this paper on globular cluster stability still up to date?</a> links to <a href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1971SvA....15..250F" rel="nofollow noreferrer">The Stability of Globular Clusters and Spherical Galaxies.</a> by A. M. Fridman of the:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Institude of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR (Translated from Astronomicheskii Zhurnal, 48 (2) pp. 320-322, March-April, 1971</p>
</blockquote>
<p>I was curious who the plasma physicist contributing to the field of gravitational stability was. I found:</p>
<ul>
<li>Drexel University's <a href="https://drexel.edu/engineering/about/faculty-staff/F/fridman-alexander/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Alexander Fridman</a> with lots of plasma but no reference to Astrophyiscs.</li>
<li>Wikipedia: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexei_Fridman" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Alexei Fridman</a> (Alexey Maksimovich Fridman)</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Alexey Maksimovich Fridman was a Soviet physicist specializing in astrophysics, physics of gravitating systems and plasma physics. He discovered new types of instabilities in gravitating media, created the theory of planetary rings and predicted the existence of small Uranus satellites that were later discovered. He also developed hydrodynamic theory of the spiral structure in galaxies. Fridman worked at the Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, INASAN, and was professor of Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and Moscow State University.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>and later</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Articles</p>
<p>More than 250 scientific papers in plasma physics, quantum physics of solid body, theoretical physics, cosmology, relativistic astrophysics, general problem of gravity physics, dynamics of stellar systems, gravity hydrodynamics, nonlinear dynamics (solitons, shock waves, vortices, turbulence), dynamics of gaseous galactic disk, problem of spiral structure generation, laboratory simulation of spiral-vortex structure generation on the set-up with rotating shallow water, models of the Milky Way, dynamics of accretion disks, dynamics of circumstellar disks, cosmogony, physics of planetary rings, dynamics of space tether systems, seismic activity of the Earth, tsunami wave suppression.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>Question:</strong> Which A. M. Fridman is the author of this paper on gravitational stability?Is it the Wikipedia linked Alexey Maksimovich Fridman the author of the linked paper?, the one now at Drexel, or someone else?</p>
<hr />
<p>I'm getting confused because they do look somewhat similar, though photos are from substantially different time periods:</p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/q9Go3.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/q9Go3m.jpg" alt="Alexey Maksimovich Fridman" /></a> <a href="https://i.sstatic.net/gzvE4.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/gzvE4m.jpg" alt="Alexander Fridman" /></a></p>
<p>cropped from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Uchenyi.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a> and <a href="https://drexel.edu/engineering/news-events/news/archive/2020/August/alexander-fridman-and-nyheim-plasma-institute/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a></p>

<gravity><history><star-cluster>
Which A. M. Fridman is the author of this paper on gravitational stability?
uhoh
# Which A. M. Fridman is the author of this paper on gravitational stability?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2021-07-08)

[Is this paper on globular cluster stability still up to date?](https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/q/44763/7982) links to [The Stability of Globular Clusters and Spherical Galaxies.](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1971SvA....15..250F) by A. M. Fridman of the:

> Institude of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR (Translated from Astronomicheskii Zhurnal, 48 (2) pp. 320-322, March-April, 1971

I was curious who the plasma physicist contributing to the field of gravitational stability was. I found:

* Drexel University's [Alexander Fridman](https://drexel.edu/engineering/about/faculty-staff/F/fridman-alexander/) with lots of plasma but no reference to Astrophyiscs.
* Wikipedia: [Alexei Fridman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexei_Fridman) (Alexey Maksimovich Fridman)

> Alexey Maksimovich Fridman was a Soviet physicist specializing in astrophysics, physics of gravitating systems and plasma physics. He discovered new types of instabilities in gravitating media, created the theory of planetary rings and predicted the existence of small Uranus satellites that were later discovered. He also developed hydrodynamic theory of the spiral structure in galaxies. Fridman worked at the Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, INASAN, and was professor of Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and Moscow State University.

and later

> Articles
>
> More than 250 scientific papers in plasma physics, quantum physics of solid body, theoretical physics, cosmology, relativistic astrophysics, general problem of gravity physics, dynamics of stellar systems, gravity hydrodynamics, nonlinear dynamics (solitons, shock waves, vortices, turbulence), dynamics of gaseous galactic disk, problem of spiral structure generation, laboratory simulation of spiral-vortex structure generation on the set-up with rotating shallow water, models of the Milky Way, dynamics of accretion disks, dynamics of circumstellar disks, cosmogony, physics of planetary rings, dynamics of space tether systems, seismic activity of the Earth, tsunami wave suppression.

**Question:** Which A. M. Fridman is the author of this paper on gravitational stability?Is it the Wikipedia linked Alexey Maksimovich Fridman the author of the linked paper?, the one now at Drexel, or someone else?

---

I'm getting confused because they do look somewhat similar, though photos are from substantially different time periods:

[![Alexey Maksimovich Fridman](https://i.sstatic.net/q9Go3m.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/q9Go3.jpg) [![Alexander Fridman](https://i.sstatic.net/gzvE4m.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/gzvE4.jpg)

cropped from [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Uchenyi.jpg) and [here](https://drexel.edu/engineering/news-events/news/archive/2020/August/alexander-fridman-and-nyheim-plasma-institute/)

**Tags:** gravity, history, star-cluster


---

## 1 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2021-07-08. Score: 3 | Accepted answer

It's Alexey Maksimovich Fridman. I think that's pretty clear from the respective research interests of the two scientists, but we can go deeper...

Let's start off with the author of your 1971 paper. A [reference search on the Astrophysics Data System for the years 1960-1971](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/search/fq=%7B!type%3Daqp%20v%3D%24fq_database%7D&fq_database=database%3A%20astronomy&p_=0&q=pubdate%3A%5B1960-01%20TO%201971-12%5D%20author%3A(%22fridman%2C%20a%20m%22)&sort=date%20desc%2C%20bibcode%20desc) shows that A.M. Fridman's first publication was apparently in 1966: ["Rotational Instability of a Gas Disc"](http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/pdf/1966SvA....10..261F). This paper shows he was at the Nuclear Physics Institute, Novosibirsk (I'm guessing this is the original name of the [Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budker_Institute_of_Nuclear_Physics)), the same institution he's at for the 1971 paper. From the paper titles, we can see that the 1971 paper is not some one-off effort; he was generally interested in the stability of astrophysical systems.

The Wikipedia article for Alexey Maksimovich Fridman notes that he was at the "Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk" from 1966 through 1971. (So, same place and same time as A.M. Fridman.) It also notes his clear interest (and publications) in astrophysics.

Now, for Alexander Fridman (the Drexel University professor), I didn't do an exhaustive research-publication search, though it does seems pretty clear his interests do *not* involve astrophysics. I did find a video interview with him done by his son (["Alexander Fridman: My Dad, the Plasma Physicist"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JipQNWuYnA&t=4401s)) in which he discusses his life and career. Since it's three and a half hours long, I'm afraid I didn't listen to it; but I did skim [a transcript](https://www.happyscribe.com/public/lex-fridman-podcast-artificial-intelligence-ai/100-alexander-fridman-my-dad-the-plasma-physicist). From this, I was able to gather that Alexander Fridman was born in the Ukraine in 1953 and went to university in Moscow, starting in 1970. This would make him about 13 years old (and living in the Ukraine) when A.M. Fridman's first paper was published (when the latter was in Novosibirsk). So... Alexander Fridman is probably not our guy.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: Thank you for your help.  

---

