<p>Considering your conditions and what you've already achieved. You could most likely start by doing a masters degree and then doing a PhD in astronomy if you want to do research.
The reason why I say to start out on a masters is because I assume you have a firm understanding of physics considering what you've done as I said. If you don't have enough background in physics, you could probably do a couple bridging courses and then do your masters. 
That's a simple way to put it.
Regards, Ethan  </p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T16:04:39.763Z
That the OP has a sufficiently understanding of physics to be able to jump directly into a masters program is not well-based. Moreover, in the US and Canada, one typically enters a PhD program directly. A master's degree is awarded somewhere along the way toward that PhD. If the person "graduates" ABD (all but dissertation, or even worse, all but defense), they'll at least have that master's as a fallback.
David Hammen
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T07:10:31.127Z
2017-03-10T07:10:31.127Z
user16168
<p>A profession in astronomy can entail various things.  Unlike what other people are saying, you don't have to have a PhD in astronomy to do work in this field, to be an astronomer.  There are other options, but you will have to work hard.</p>

<ol>
<li><strong>Study as much physics and mathematics as possible.</strong>  Astronomy is essentially a branch of physics.  If you're still in school, then take classes in these areas.  If you're not in school anymore, then there are plenty of <a href="https://www.susanjfowler.com/blog/2016/8/13/so-you-want-to-learn-physics" rel="noreferrer">online resources</a> to continue your education.  This will allow you to understand what people are talking about when they discuss technical things.</li>
<li><strong>Decide what exactly you're interested in.</strong>  There are lots of different areas of study within astronomy.  Decide what appeals to you the most.  Do you like planets?  Galaxies?  Cosmology?  All of these different focuses require more specialized knowledge.</li>
<li><strong>Your skills are already marketable.</strong>  Being an astronomer can mean lots of different things.  There are some astronomers who hardly ever look through telescopes, and spend most of their time reducing data.  A large part of astronomy is computer programming.  As a software engineer, you may already have the skills you need to work with astronomy research.</li>
<li><strong>Keep an open mind.</strong>  There are lots of jobs in astronomy research where you might not be called an "astronomer".  For example, as a software engineer, you could find work with NASA supporting space research.  Your job title might not be "Astronomer", but you'll still be in the field.</li>
<li><strong>Be prepared for hard work.</strong>  Being an astronomer can be difficult, not just because of the subject matter, but also because of the effort you have to put in to get a job.  It can be relatively difficult to find an employer looking for people with your particular skillset.  My recommendation would be to keep an eye on the <a href="https://nasajobs.nasa.gov/" rel="noreferrer">NASA Jobs website</a> to see when they're hiring.  You can also search for internships on <a href="https://intern.nasa.gov/ossi/web/public/main/" rel="noreferrer">NASA's OSSI site</a>.</li>
<li><strong>Try some amateur astronomy.</strong> There are lots of ways you can get involved in astronomy without having it as a job.  A quick Google search for "Amateur astronomy projects" yields many different results.</li>
<li><strong>Join a local astronomy group.</strong> If you live in a reasonably sized city, there should be an astronomy group near you.  Find them and join them.</li>
<li><strong>Don't give up!</strong> Having astronomy as a profession can be difficult, but it is also rewarding.  If you truly want to do this, you'll need to work at it.  Just don't give up!</li>
</ol>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T23:47:41.263Z
2017-03-10T23:47:41.263Z
Phiteros
<p>I'm a software engineer (a moderately good one). I like programming, mathematics and I love everything about astronomy.</p>

<p>What would be best way to go ahead?</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-09T23:29:26.307Z
What is your current profession?  Are you a software engineer in industry, or are you still a student?
Phiteros
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-09T23:51:53.373Z
Get a PhD with a hot professor at a top school and write a killer Dissertation: Many publications, lots of High profile collaborators. Do a couple very productive post docs, and prove you can write fundable grant proposals, by doing so repeatedly. Beat all the other candidates in the academic interview process. Write, and get, big grants. Write highly cited papers in major peer reviewed journals. Play department politics at least until they grant you tenure, then repeat the grant, papers, politics thing til age 65.  Or, you could stick to doing Astronomy as a dedicated amateur.
Wayfaring Stranger
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T12:23:39.917Z
@WayfaringStranger you nailed it :-)
Carl Witthoft
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T12:36:17.007Z
@WayfaringStranger: If you're in the US, maybe it is so, but in Europe I thinks there's less tendency to look at _who_ was your supervisor and with whom you collaborate, and look more on what you actually acheived. Apart from that, I agree.
pela
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T12:37:36.647Z
Another good advise if you want to go beyond PhD: Be a male. :\
pela
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T14:27:41.083Z
Sorry pela. Being a guy, I forgot that one. Looks like there are currently about "6,000 professional astronomers in North America" https://aas.org/learn/careers-astronomy so it is a **very** tight field.
Wayfaring Stranger
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T16:15:17.837Z
If you don't have an extremely strong undergrad background in physics and mathematics, you essentially have to start all over again. That's two to three years full-time, with no salary and significant expenses to get the equivalent of second bachelor's degree. With that at hand, you might be able to get accepted into a PhD astronomy program. Do this right and your income will be about \$20K from your TA/RA work and your expenses will be small (textbooks only, ~\$1K per year). This will take another four to six years.
David Hammen
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T16:22:14.450Z
Then you have a choice: Industry, national lab, or academia.The industry route bypass the postdoc phase of your career, but it's not as central as are the latter two. The two to six year postdoc phase of your career more or less doubles your salary. (It's still close to poverty range, though). Best bet salary-wise is to land a job at a national lab. You get to do fairly high level research, you don't have to teach at all. Finally, the academic route. Starting pay: $50K, and that's after over a decade of living in squalor. You might want to rethink your goals.
David Hammen
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-10T16:30:25.800Z
So, another option: A "moderately good" software engineer makes considerably more than $50K/year. Make astronomy your hobby, and invest some of that money in that hobby. Take classes related to astronomy at a local college or university because you want to learn. This makes the pace up to you rather than your biological clock. (We all have biological clocks. It's called getting old.) A class or so a semester will eventually bring you up to speed, and you'll still have your nice software engineer salary. What you love and what you do so you can do what you love can be two different things.
David Hammen
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-13T12:04:33.050Z
Where I work, there are lots of astronomers who work as developers on astronomy software. I'm sure there are places such as mine where you could work and your employer would cover some of the educational costs.
Donald.McLean
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-15T12:56:20.247Z
Unfortunately, as fruitful as this discussion is, it does not fit the framework of this site. Just four more rep points and you can discuss in chat though. I'll have to close this as too broad.
called2voyage
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-03-21T02:58:01.293Z
To chime in with the "stay amateur" crowd, all over quantitative science there are people who got a good Ph.D. with a good advisor then did a couple of postdocs who are facing the fact that they *didn't* get a professorship or a lab position and have already passed their sell-by date. These folks are trying to figure out how to sell their experience in data reduction in such a way as to land them a job as a software engineer...
dmckee --- ex-moderator kitten
<software>
Astronomy as a profession for moderately good software engineer
YouKnowWhoIAm
# Astronomy as a profession for moderately good software engineer

(Asked by: username_0 on 2017-03-09)

I'm a software engineer (a moderately good one). I like programming, mathematics and I love everything about astronomy.

What would be best way to go ahead?

**Tags:** software

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: What is your current profession?  Are you a software engineer in industry, or are you still a student?  
> **username_2**: Get a PhD with a hot professor at a top school and write a killer Dissertation: Many publications, lots of High profile collaborators. Do a couple very productive post docs, and prove you can write fundable grant proposals, by doing so repeatedly. Beat all the other candidates in the academic interview process. Write, and get, big grants. Write highly cited papers in major peer reviewed journals. Play department politics at least until they grant you tenure, then repeat the grant, papers, politics thing til age 65.  Or, you could stick to doing Astronomy as a dedicated amateur.  
> **username_3**: @username_2 you nailed it :-)  
> **username_4**: @username_2: If you're in the US, maybe it is so, but in Europe I thinks there's less tendency to look at _who_ was your supervisor and with whom you collaborate, and look more on what you actually acheived. Apart from that, I agree.  
> **username_4**: Another good advise if you want to go beyond PhD: Be a male. :\  
> **username_2**: Sorry username_4. Being a guy, I forgot that one. Looks like there are currently about "6,000 professional astronomers in North America" https://aas.org/learn/careers-astronomy so it is a **very** tight field.  
> **username_5**: If you don't have an extremely strong undergrad background in physics and mathematics, you essentially have to start all over again. That's two to three years full-time, with no salary and significant expenses to get the equivalent of second bachelor's degree. With that at hand, you might be able to get accepted into a PhD astronomy program. Do this right and your income will be about \$20K from your TA/RA work and your expenses will be small (textbooks only, ~\$1K per year). This will take another four to six years.  
> **username_5**: Then you have a choice: Industry, national lab, or academia.The industry route bypass the postdoc phase of your career, but it's not as central as are the latter two. The two to six year postdoc phase of your career more or less doubles your salary. (It's still close to poverty range, though). Best bet salary-wise is to land a job at a national lab. You get to do fairly high level research, you don't have to teach at all. Finally, the academic route. Starting pay: $50K, and that's after over a decade of living in squalor. You might want to rethink your goals.  
> **username_5**: So, another option: A "moderately good" software engineer makes considerably more than $50K/year. Make astronomy your hobby, and invest some of that money in that hobby. Take classes related to astronomy at a local college or university because you want to learn. This makes the pace up to you rather than your biological clock. (We all have biological clocks. It's called getting old.) A class or so a semester will eventually bring you up to speed, and you'll still have your nice software engineer salary. What you love and what you do so you can do what you love can be two different things.  
> **username_6**: Where I work, there are lots of astronomers who work as developers on astronomy software. I'm sure there are places such as mine where you could work and your employer would cover some of the educational costs.  
> **username_7**: Unfortunately, as fruitful as this discussion is, it does not fit the framework of this site. Just four more rep points and you can discuss in chat though. I'll have to close this as too broad.  
> **username_8**: To chime in with the "stay amateur" crowd, all over quantitative science there are people who got a good Ph.D. with a good advisor then did a couple of postdocs who are facing the fact that they *didn't* get a professorship or a lab position and have already passed their sell-by date. These folks are trying to figure out how to sell their experience in data reduction in such a way as to land them a job as a software engineer...  

---

## 2 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2017-03-10. Score: 4 | Accepted answer

A profession in astronomy can entail various things. Unlike what other people are saying, you don't have to have a PhD in astronomy to do work in this field, to be an astronomer. There are other options, but you will have to work hard.

1. **Study as much physics and mathematics as possible.** Astronomy is essentially a branch of physics. If you're still in school, then take classes in these areas. If you're not in school anymore, then there are plenty of [online resources](https://www.susanjfowler.com/blog/2016/8/13/so-you-want-to-learn-physics) to continue your education. This will allow you to understand what people are talking about when they discuss technical things.
2. **Decide what exactly you're interested in.** There are lots of different areas of study within astronomy. Decide what appeals to you the most. Do you like planets? Galaxies? Cosmology? All of these different focuses require more specialized knowledge.
3. **Your skills are already marketable.** Being an astronomer can mean lots of different things. There are some astronomers who hardly ever look through telescopes, and spend most of their time reducing data. A large part of astronomy is computer programming. As a software engineer, you may already have the skills you need to work with astronomy research.
4. **Keep an open mind.** There are lots of jobs in astronomy research where you might not be called an "astronomer". For example, as a software engineer, you could find work with NASA supporting space research. Your job title might not be "Astronomer", but you'll still be in the field.
5. **Be prepared for hard work.** Being an astronomer can be difficult, not just because of the subject matter, but also because of the effort you have to put in to get a job. It can be relatively difficult to find an employer looking for people with your particular skillset. My recommendation would be to keep an eye on the [NASA Jobs website](https://nasajobs.nasa.gov/) to see when they're hiring. You can also search for internships on [NASA's OSSI site](https://intern.nasa.gov/ossi/web/public/main/).
6. **Try some amateur astronomy.** There are lots of ways you can get involved in astronomy without having it as a job. A quick Google search for "Amateur astronomy projects" yields many different results.
7. **Join a local astronomy group.** If you live in a reasonably sized city, there should be an astronomy group near you. Find them and join them.
8. **Don't give up!** Having astronomy as a profession can be difficult, but it is also rewarding. If you truly want to do this, you'll need to work at it. Just don't give up!


---

### Answer by username_9 on 2017-03-10. Score: -1

Considering your conditions and what you've already achieved. You could most likely start by doing a masters degree and then doing a PhD in astronomy if you want to do research.
The reason why I say to start out on a masters is because I assume you have a firm understanding of physics considering what you've done as I said. If you don't have enough background in physics, you could probably do a couple bridging courses and then do your masters.
That's a simple way to put it.
Regards, Ethan

> **Comments:**
> **username_5**: That the OP has a sufficiently understanding of physics to be able to jump directly into a masters program is not well-based. Moreover, in the US and Canada, one typically enters a PhD program directly. A master's degree is awarded somewhere along the way toward that PhD. If the person "graduates" ABD (all but dissertation, or even worse, all but defense), they'll at least have that master's as a fallback.  

---

