<p>The <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezero_(Marskrater)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">German Wikipedia Article</a> states that the Jezero crater lake (note: this only referres to the lake, not the crater itself!) is estimated to have existed around 4 billion years ago.</p>
<p>In the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezero_(crater)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">English version</a>, it is said that</p>
<blockquote>
<p>the delta may have required a period of <span class="math-container">$10^6–10^7$</span> years to form</p>
</blockquote>
<p>This means that the crater must have existed for at least around 4.001 billion to 4.01 billion years.</p>
<p>Regarding the formation of Jezero crater, in the German Wikipedia Article, it is said that it was created through the impact of a meteorite. Apparently, this is quite sure to say as the meteorite hurled layered silicates or phyllosilicates onto the surrounding areas; those can still be found today.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> It is probably not possible to determine the age of the crater exactly (maybe Perserverance will help understanding this better) and I could not find any direct age, but I hope this somewhat helps.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-04T09:12:50.700Z
@StuartRobbins Hello! I agree that your answer is probably better and more founded than mine. However, regarding your first point: Can't we assume that the crater already must have been there for the delta to form?
jng224
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-04T17:22:47.097Z
@Jonas Yes, the crater must have been there for the delta to form in it.  The time for the delta to form, however, is negligible relative to the time when it might have formed.  ≈0.001–0.01 billion years for the delta to form, versus ≈3–4 billion years ago when the crater formed, is simply not meaningful at all to the crater's age.  Another paper (https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2020.2228) estimates you could form the delta in just 500 years. Bottom-line: Delta formation time has zero constraints on the age of Jezero crater.
Stuart Robbins
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-04T17:27:10.393Z
@StuartRobbins ok, thanks for the explanation!
jng224
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-04T17:27:46.153Z
@JoeJobs you might consider accepting StuartRobbins' answer instead as it provides more detail and better sources.
jng224
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-07-29T08:06:34.230Z
10^7 = 10,000,000 that's ten million, far away from 4 billion
Joe Jobs
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-07-29T11:46:22.993Z
@JoeJobs You are right, thanks for mentioning. I will edit my answer. This will however not change the minimun age so much as the $10^6 - 10^7$ years add to the 4 billion years from the beginning.
jng224
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-07-29T12:18:13.357Z
There is a difference between "was formed X years ago" and "the delta took Y years to form". That can be true at the same time as the crater walls slip etc and the delta formed within.
planetmaker
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-07-29T14:44:56.803Z
@planetmaker I agree. I could however not find any sources describing the age of the crater itself, so this was the best I could do. If there are any more accurate sources, I'd be happy to include them.
jng224
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-07-29T16:12:31.397Z
Yet still: both German and English wiki *do agree*. The time span of the English article only talks about the creation of the fuival features *inside the already formed crater* - which requires a time where fuid water was still present on at least parts of Mars. The German one does not give a sources for much, certainly not for the age estimate. The English references I checked don't give an age estimate for the crater itself either.
planetmaker
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-03T03:21:15.300Z
I'm sorry, but the above answer does not actually answer the question, and it is not correct.  The English Wikipedia article does not address the age of the crater, only the duration of time it took the delta to form.  The German does not give a source, as noted by @planetmaker .  I've also checked all the papers I have, and done a few journal searches, and I don't see any source for an age.  I suggest looking at my answer that I've just added.
Stuart Robbins
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-07-28T17:06:12.087Z
2020-07-29T11:47:41.970Z
2020-07-29T11:47:41.970Z
jng224
<p>Jezero crater is roughly 50 km across, and it is emplaced within the wall of Isidis crater (&quot;basin&quot;).  Isidis itself has seen a lot of erosion, but it has been dated by lots of different people through the use of superposed crater counts (craters on top of it, with the number-age relationship tied to the Moon) to somewhere around 3.85–4.05 billion years old, including by me (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103513001358" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Robbins et al. 2013</a>).  Jezero cannot be older than Isidis, so it is capped at 3.85–4.05 billion years.</p>
<p>Jezero must have been formed when there was liquid water on the surface of Mars in enough quantity to form a delta deposit.  That would mean that it should have formed by the Late Hesperian chronostratigraphic epoch, which dates, in various chronologies, to about 3.00–3.65 billion years ago.  So, Jezero formed at least 3.00* billion years ago, but no later than 4.05* billion years ago.</p>
<p>Beyond that, no one that I know of has done superposed crater counts on Jezero's rim to try to model its age.  Jezero is highly degraded, and it has only one larger crater emplaced on its remaining rim, making any such crater counts highly suspect.  This is why the work I linked to above, I only tried to date craters &gt;150 km, and even that is somewhat suspect.  Jezero certainly has deposits in the floor (such as the delta), so any dating of the floor from craters would only be a minimum age because it can't be younger than its floor deposits.  Therefore, even if someone does try to do superposed crater counts to get an age for the crater, I don't think they will be successful in getting a very good one.  For example, <a href="https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2018GL081402" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this paper</a> found that the age of the floor deposits is 2.6±0.5 billion years, so again Jezero is at least 2.6 billion years old, but that's a minimum, and the floor deposits must be younger than the crater.</p>
<p>*The Mars crater chonology has an uncertainty of a factor of 2-ish, so even though there are two decimal points on my numbers, treat that with a grain of salt.</p>
<p>And yes, an impactor formed the crater, either an asteroid or a comet.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-03T03:12:48.480Z
2020-08-04T17:25:36.927Z
2020-08-04T17:25:36.927Z
Stuart Robbins
<p>How long ago the Jezero crater was formed on Mars?
And is it a meteorite impact  crater?</p>

<mars><crater>
Age of Jezero crater on Mars
Joe Jobs
# Age of Jezero crater on Mars

(Asked by: username_0 on 2020-07-28)

How long ago the Jezero crater was formed on Mars?
And is it a meteorite impact crater?

**Tags:** mars, crater


---

## 2 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2020-07-28. Score: 2 | Accepted answer

The [German Wikipedia Article](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezero_(Marskrater)) states that the Jezero crater lake (note: this only referres to the lake, not the crater itself!) is estimated to have existed around 4 billion years ago.

In the [English version](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezero_(crater)), it is said that

> the delta may have required a period of $10^6–10^7$ years to form

This means that the crater must have existed for at least around 4.001 billion to 4.01 billion years.

Regarding the formation of Jezero crater, in the German Wikipedia Article, it is said that it was created through the impact of a meteorite. Apparently, this is quite sure to say as the meteorite hurled layered silicates or phyllosilicates onto the surrounding areas; those can still be found today.

**Note:** It is probably not possible to determine the age of the crater exactly (maybe Perserverance will help understanding this better) and I could not find any direct age, but I hope this somewhat helps.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: 10^7 = 10,000,000 that's ten million, far away from 4 billion  
> **username_1**: @username_0 You are right, thanks for mentioning. I will edit my answer. This will however not change the minimun age so much as the $10^6 - 10^7$ years add to the 4 billion years from the beginning.  
> **username_3**: There is a difference between "was formed X years ago" and "the delta took Y years to form". That can be true at the same time as the crater walls slip etc and the delta formed within.  
> **username_1**: @username_3 I agree. I could however not find any sources describing the age of the crater itself, so this was the best I could do. If there are any more accurate sources, I'd be happy to include them.  
> **username_3**: Yet still: both German and English wiki *do agree*. The time span of the English article only talks about the creation of the fuival features *inside the already formed crater* - which requires a time where fuid water was still present on at least parts of Mars. The German one does not give a sources for much, certainly not for the age estimate. The English references I checked don't give an age estimate for the crater itself either.  
> **username_2**: I'm sorry, but the above answer does not actually answer the question, and it is not correct.  The English Wikipedia article does not address the age of the crater, only the duration of time it took the delta to form.  The German does not give a source, as noted by @username_3 .  I've also checked all the papers I have, and done a few journal searches, and I don't see any source for an age.  I suggest looking at my answer that I've just added.  
> **username_1**: @username_2 Hello! I agree that your answer is probably better and more founded than mine. However, regarding your first point: Can't we assume that the crater already must have been there for the delta to form?  
> **username_2**: @Jonas Yes, the crater must have been there for the delta to form in it.  The time for the delta to form, however, is negligible relative to the time when it might have formed.  ≈0.001–0.01 billion years for the delta to form, versus ≈3–4 billion years ago when the crater formed, is simply not meaningful at all to the crater's age.  Another paper (https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2020.2228) estimates you could form the delta in just 500 years. Bottom-line: Delta formation time has zero constraints on the age of Jezero crater.  
> **username_1**: @username_2 ok, thanks for the explanation!  
> **username_1**: @username_0 you might consider accepting username_2' answer instead as it provides more detail and better sources.  

---

### Answer by username_2 on 2020-08-03. Score: 5

Jezero crater is roughly 50 km across, and it is emplaced within the wall of Isidis crater ("basin"). Isidis itself has seen a lot of erosion, but it has been dated by lots of different people through the use of superposed crater counts (craters on top of it, with the number-age relationship tied to the Moon) to somewhere around 3.85–4.05 billion years old, including by me ([username_2 et al. 2013](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103513001358)). Jezero cannot be older than Isidis, so it is capped at 3.85–4.05 billion years.

Jezero must have been formed when there was liquid water on the surface of Mars in enough quantity to form a delta deposit. That would mean that it should have formed by the Late Hesperian chronostratigraphic epoch, which dates, in various chronologies, to about 3.00–3.65 billion years ago. So, Jezero formed at least 3.00\* billion years ago, but no later than 4.05\* billion years ago.

Beyond that, no one that I know of has done superposed crater counts on Jezero's rim to try to model its age. Jezero is highly degraded, and it has only one larger crater emplaced on its remaining rim, making any such crater counts highly suspect. This is why the work I linked to above, I only tried to date craters >150 km, and even that is somewhat suspect. Jezero certainly has deposits in the floor (such as the delta), so any dating of the floor from craters would only be a minimum age because it can't be younger than its floor deposits. Therefore, even if someone does try to do superposed crater counts to get an age for the crater, I don't think they will be successful in getting a very good one. For example, [this paper](https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2018GL081402) found that the age of the floor deposits is 2.6±0.5 billion years, so again Jezero is at least 2.6 billion years old, but that's a minimum, and the floor deposits must be younger than the crater.

\*The Mars crater chonology has an uncertainty of a factor of 2-ish, so even though there are two decimal points on my numbers, treat that with a grain of salt.

And yes, an impactor formed the crater, either an asteroid or a comet.


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