<p>By a straightforward bit of trigonometry, if the distance from the observer to the (centre of) the planet is x km, then the radius, r km, of the planet subtends $\arcsin(r/x)$, and so the angular size of the planet is twice this: $2\arcsin(r/x)$</p>

<p>For Io x = 420,000 km, and the radius of Jupiter is r = 70,000 km, so the angular size is
$2\arcsin(1/6)=19^\circ$. For comparison, the moon from the Earth has an angular size of about half a degree.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.stellarium.org" rel="nofollow">Stellarium</a> can be set up to view from other worlds of the solar system</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-04-16T19:49:51.060Z
2016-04-19T15:11:34.797Z
2016-04-19T15:11:34.797Z
James K
<p>Specifically in this case, how large would Jupiter be seen in the Io's sky in comparison to the moon in the Earth's sky? How to calculate this?</p>

<p>Also, if somebody knows any online software which lets you input moons and planets to see how their sky looks like to also fill in the answer, it's appreciated.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-04-15T12:10:06.623Z
You can calculate the angle subtended by an object if you know the size of the distant object and the distance from the observer to the distant object. From there it's easy to [make an illustration of what the number means in practice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Comparison_angular_diameter_solar_system.svg). Compare [How large does a spacecraft need to be to be visible from the surface of the Earth at 400 km altitude?](http://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/a/3770/29).
user
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-04-15T12:14:40.190Z
Doesnt the atmosphere composition and density also goes into account since in Earth its atmosphere works as a magnifying glass?
Pablo
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-04-15T12:16:38.880Z
@Pablo That's not really a significant effect, except perhaps in very unusual circumstances
Mike Scott
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-04-15T15:57:57.383Z
@Pablo - please provide a source for your belief that the earth's atmosphere acts as a magnifying glass. For all intents and purposes, it doesn't.
WhatRoughBeast
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-04-15T17:43:33.853Z
@whatroughbeast may be I'm missunderstanding, after reading your question I've found several sources aparently stating it does not , though check this link in the optical atmospheric difraction section, last paragraph  " The effect is to make an object visibly larger while being more indistinct as the dust distorts the image." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_diffraction
Pablo
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-04-15T20:15:49.403Z
@Pablo - You are talking about transient events, and even those are caused by combinations of light scattering and obscuration, rather than magnification.  Note, for instance, that the picture of the sun with the Airey disk still has a central disk of the same size as before. For instance, sunspots will not appear lager. It looks impressive, but it's not magnification.
WhatRoughBeast
<planet>
How to calculate a planet's apparent size when the planet is viewed from a moon in orbit around it?
Pablo
# How to calculate a planet's apparent size when the planet is viewed from a moon in orbit around it?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2016-04-15)

Specifically in this case, how large would Jupiter be seen in the Io's sky in comparison to the moon in the Earth's sky? How to calculate this?

Also, if somebody knows any online software which lets you input moons and planets to see how their sky looks like to also fill in the answer, it's appreciated.

**Tags:** planet

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: You can calculate the angle subtended by an object if you know the size of the distant object and the distance from the observer to the distant object. From there it's easy to [make an illustration of what the number means in practice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Comparison_angular_diameter_solar_system.svg). Compare [How large does a spacecraft need to be to be visible from the surface of the Earth at 400 km altitude?](http://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/a/3770/29).  
> **username_0**: Doesnt the atmosphere composition and density also goes into account since in Earth its atmosphere works as a magnifying glass?  
> **username_2**: @username_0 That's not really a significant effect, except perhaps in very unusual circumstances  
> **username_3**: @username_0 - please provide a source for your belief that the earth's atmosphere acts as a magnifying glass. For all intents and purposes, it doesn't.  
> **username_0**: @username_3 may be I'm missunderstanding, after reading your question I've found several sources aparently stating it does not , though check this link in the optical atmospheric difraction section, last paragraph  " The effect is to make an object visibly larger while being more indistinct as the dust distorts the image." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_diffraction  
> **username_3**: @username_0 - You are talking about transient events, and even those are caused by combinations of light scattering and obscuration, rather than magnification.  Note, for instance, that the picture of the sun with the Airey disk still has a central disk of the same size as before. For instance, sunspots will not appear lager. It looks impressive, but it's not magnification.  

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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_4 on 2016-04-16. Score: 3 | Accepted answer

By a straightforward bit of trigonometry, if the distance from the observer to the (centre of) the planet is x km, then the radius, r km, of the planet subtends $\arcsin(r/x)$, and so the angular size of the planet is twice this: $2\arcsin(r/x)$

For Io x = 420,000 km, and the radius of Jupiter is r = 70,000 km, so the angular size is
$2\arcsin(1/6)=19^\circ$. For comparison, the moon from the Earth has an angular size of about half a degree.

[Stellarium](http://www.stellarium.org) can be set up to view from other worlds of the solar system


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