<p>Pornography laws are a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pornography#History" rel="nofollow noreferrer">relic of the Victorian era</a>, and not based on any science.</p>
<p>Research that can conclusively determine the effect of pornography on children is hard to come by due to the resultant ethical environment.  Most research depends on self-reports: Surveys ask adolescents how much pornography they have been exposed to, and attempt to correlate this with other variables such as personal attitudes about sex.  Such surveys are subject to a variety of memory and other biases affecting accuracy, but more importantly, correlations fail to establish cause and effect - that is, it is equally likely that pornography consumption affects attitudes as it is that pre-existing attitudes affect pornography consumption.</p>
<p>Nonetheless, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_pornography#School-age_juveniles" rel="nofollow noreferrer">number of reviews</a> of current literature on adolescents conclude that there is an association between consumption of pornography and certain negative attitudes about sex, and promiscuous and/or risky sexual behaviour.  The reviews acknowledge that the data contains much contradictory evidence however, as well as failing to establish cause and effect.</p>
<p>UK Children's Commissioner's report (2013): &quot;<a href="https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/id/eprint/10692" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Basically... Porn is everywhere</a>&quot;</p>
<p>Owens et al (2012): &quot;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2012.660431" rel="nofollow noreferrer">The Impact of Internet Pornography on Adolescents</a>&quot;</p>
<p>In contrast, a paper by <a href="http://idei.fr/sites/default/files/medias/doc/conf/sic/papers_2007/kendall.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Kendall (2006)</a> found a correlation between pornography accessibility and rape for 15-19 year old adolescents - but in the opposite direction, that could be interpreted to mean that access to pornography reduces rape crime in this demographic.  A meta-analysis by <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12201" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Wright, Tokunaga, &amp; Kraus (2016)</a> found no difference between adults and adolescents in association between pornography consumption and sexual aggression.</p>
<p>Research on pre-adolescents is even more scant.  A more conclusive effect is seen between exposure to depictions of violence and negative effects on attitudes and behaviour, though these may be short-lived.  A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobo_doll_experiment" rel="nofollow noreferrer">landmark study</a> from the 1960's (no longer ethical to replicate) demonstrated that children do role model from violent media.  The reviews listed above extend this finding to attitudes and behaviours of adolescents exposed to pornography depicting violence.  Evidence linking this to criminal offences in adulthood is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_pornography#Sexual_violence" rel="nofollow noreferrer">still controversial</a> however.</p>
<p>In adults, studies across multiple countries (eg, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-010-9696-y" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Diamond, Jozifkova, &amp; Weiss, 2010</a>) have documented significant declines in physical sex offenses as accessibility of pornography increases, again suggesting the possibility that pornography provides a substitute for sex crimes.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2014-12-25T07:43:39.217Z
2022-01-22T07:15:19.327Z
2022-01-22T07:15:19.327Z
Arnon Weinberg
<p>So I cross posted this question to Parenting Stack Exchange, and <a href="https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/8664">here's what I got</a>.</p>

<p>In short, people who have viewed porn as adolescents have more sex and greater risk of sexually transmitted disease. And some of the kids who have stumbled upon porn on the Internet became averse to the Internet and some others developed unwanted recurring thoughts about the material they had seen.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-08-30T12:09:01.657Z
@AnsisMalins Actually, the bulk of my response is that "porn most often depicts intimate relationships in a highly unrealistic fashion, and therefore can be confusing or misleading to children". The *Psychology Today* blog, and the findings from the survey of children exposed to "unwanted" porn, were merely added to provide some additional areas of concern. Taal is right that there are flaws in the study, but its a bit problematic to do proper controlled scientific studies on this without running afould of major ethical concerns.
Beofett
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-08-30T23:03:43.773Z
@Taal As I said on parenting, a long, rambling diatribe that in no way addresses the question, and instead is filled with completely random and irrelevant information, should not be posted as an answer. If you think my answer will cause "misinformation", please feel free to post your own answer.  Then you can self-declare "victory" through altered screenshots of video games to your heart's content :)  Just be sure to post an actual answer, and not an off-topic lecture.
Beofett
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-08-31T12:10:47.830Z
@Taal A) It is not "my" study.  It is a survey conducted by a research team, the contents of which comprised exactly two sentences of my entire answer. B) Comments are not a place to debate, or form "rebuttals".  Comments are a place to post clarifications or ask for clarifications. What you want is not what the SE platform is for. If you want a "discussion", chat is the only valid place for it (hopefully with the outcome being an improved answer).  I am done responding to you here and on parenting.se. If you want to join a chat, I might consider it, but only if you can discuss it civilly.
Beofett
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-08-31T12:45:22.520Z
let us [continue this discussion in chat](http://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/10401/discussion-between-beofett-and-taal)
Beofett
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-08-29T10:12:06.727Z
2013-08-29T10:12:06.727Z
2017-04-13T12:41:15.363Z
Ansis Māliņš
<p>It is generally accepted that porn shouldn't be seen by children, and we even sometimes punish parents who fail to stop their children from finding porn.</p>

<p>How much are these laws based in science? Can a simple image cause real injury beyond mere disgust? Have there been any studies that track lives of people who were exposed to porn or other disturbing imagery as children or adolescents?</p>

<p>Note that <a href="https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/8664/what-harm-is-porn">I have also posted this question on parenting.SE</a>.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-06-18T03:59:22.537Z
@JohnDvorak Victims? I've seen porn when I was a child, and I was not victimized by that.
forest
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-05-26T11:40:11.280Z
Mere viewing isn't going to have an effect. Continued exposure for a considerable term without proper education about sexual health along with dopamine+serotonin releases due to stimulation of genitalia/gratification from viewing acts is what can have an effect on the brain. It is the hormones that effect the brain, naked bodies do nothing. Speaking from personal experience. I've experimented all of it myself on my own mental health. And I'm still fighting my urges everyday to be completely free from it. Also, the health of the mind prior to and during initial exposure has a say.
Desai
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-08-29T04:32:53.060Z
I doubt you'll be able to find enough volunteers for an experiment (though you could find some victims and talk to them)
John Dvorak
<abnormal-psychology><developmental-psychology><sexuality><parenting>
What is the effect of viewing pornography on children?
Ansis Māliņš
# What is the effect of viewing pornography on children?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2013-08-15)

It is generally accepted that porn shouldn't be seen by children, and we even sometimes punish parents who fail to stop their children from finding porn.

How much are these laws based in science? Can a simple image cause real injury beyond mere disgust? Have there been any studies that track lives of people who were exposed to porn or other disturbing imagery as children or adolescents?

Note that [I have also posted this question on parenting.SE](https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/8664/what-harm-is-porn).

**Tags:** abnormal-psychology, developmental-psychology, sexuality, parenting

> **Comments:**
> **username_3**: I doubt you'll be able to find enough volunteers for an experiment (though you could find some victims and talk to them)  
> **username_1**: @JohnDvorak Victims? I've seen porn when I was a child, and I was not victimized by that.  
> **username_2**: Mere viewing isn't going to have an effect. Continued exposure for a considerable term without proper education about sexual health along with dopamine+serotonin releases due to stimulation of genitalia/gratification from viewing acts is what can have an effect on the brain. It is the hormones that effect the brain, naked bodies do nothing. Speaking from personal experience. I've experimented all of it myself on my own mental health. And I'm still fighting my urges everyday to be completely free from it. Also, the health of the mind prior to and during initial exposure has a say.  

---

## 2 answers

### Answer by username_4 on 2014-12-25. Score: 16

Pornography laws are a [relic of the Victorian era](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pornography#History), and not based on any science.

Research that can conclusively determine the effect of pornography on children is hard to come by due to the resultant ethical environment. Most research depends on self-reports: Surveys ask adolescents how much pornography they have been exposed to, and attempt to correlate this with other variables such as personal attitudes about sex. Such surveys are subject to a variety of memory and other biases affecting accuracy, but more importantly, correlations fail to establish cause and effect - that is, it is equally likely that pornography consumption affects attitudes as it is that pre-existing attitudes affect pornography consumption.

Nonetheless, a [number of reviews](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_pornography#School-age_juveniles) of current literature on adolescents conclude that there is an association between consumption of pornography and certain negative attitudes about sex, and promiscuous and/or risky sexual behaviour. The reviews acknowledge that the data contains much contradictory evidence however, as well as failing to establish cause and effect.

UK Children's Commissioner's report (2013): "[Basically... Porn is everywhere](https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/id/eprint/10692)"

Owens et al (2012): "[The Impact of Internet Pornography on Adolescents](https://doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2012.660431)"

In contrast, a paper by [Kendall (2006)](http://idei.fr/sites/default/files/medias/doc/conf/sic/papers_2007/kendall.pdf) found a correlation between pornography accessibility and rape for 15-19 year old adolescents - but in the opposite direction, that could be interpreted to mean that access to pornography reduces rape crime in this demographic. A meta-analysis by [Wright, Tokunaga, & Kraus (2016)](https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12201) found no difference between adults and adolescents in association between pornography consumption and sexual aggression.

Research on pre-adolescents is even more scant. A more conclusive effect is seen between exposure to depictions of violence and negative effects on attitudes and behaviour, though these may be short-lived. A [landmark study](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobo_doll_experiment) from the 1960's (no longer ethical to replicate) demonstrated that children do role model from violent media. The reviews listed above extend this finding to attitudes and behaviours of adolescents exposed to pornography depicting violence. Evidence linking this to criminal offences in adulthood is [still controversial](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_pornography#Sexual_violence) however.

In adults, studies across multiple countries (eg, [Diamond, Jozifkova, & Weiss, 2010](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-010-9696-y)) have documented significant declines in physical sex offenses as accessibility of pornography increases, again suggesting the possibility that pornography provides a substitute for sex crimes.


---

### Answer by username_0 on 2013-08-29. Score: -5

So I cross posted this question to Parenting Stack Exchange, and [here's what I got](https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/8664).

In short, people who have viewed porn as adolescents have more sex and greater risk of sexually transmitted disease. And some of the kids who have stumbled upon porn on the Internet became averse to the Internet and some others developed unwanted recurring thoughts about the material they had seen.

> **Comments:**
> **username_5**: @AnsisMalins Actually, the bulk of my response is that "porn most often depicts intimate relationships in a highly unrealistic fashion, and therefore can be confusing or misleading to children". The *Psychology Today* blog, and the findings from the survey of children exposed to "unwanted" porn, were merely added to provide some additional areas of concern. Taal is right that there are flaws in the study, but its a bit problematic to do proper controlled scientific studies on this without running afould of major ethical concerns.  
> **username_5**: @Taal As I said on parenting, a long, rambling diatribe that in no way addresses the question, and instead is filled with completely random and irrelevant information, should not be posted as an answer. If you think my answer will cause "misinformation", please feel free to post your own answer.  Then you can self-declare "victory" through altered screenshots of video games to your heart's content :)  Just be sure to post an actual answer, and not an off-topic lecture.  
> **username_5**: @Taal A) It is not "my" study.  It is a survey conducted by a research team, the contents of which comprised exactly two sentences of my entire answer. B) Comments are not a place to debate, or form "rebuttals".  Comments are a place to post clarifications or ask for clarifications. What you want is not what the SE platform is for. If you want a "discussion", chat is the only valid place for it (hopefully with the outcome being an improved answer).  I am done responding to you here and on parenting.se. If you want to join a chat, I might consider it, but only if you can discuss it civilly.  
> **username_5**: let us [continue this discussion in chat](http://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/10401/discussion-between-beofett-and-taal)  

---

