<p>Paraphrenia is a late-onset mental disorder similar to schizophrenia in that it features the positive symptoms of the disease, such as delusions and/or hallucinations, but lacks the negative symptoms, such as the deterioration of intellect or personality. It seems to be an outdated term (source: <a href="https://psychcentral.com/encyclopedia/paraphrenia/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Psychology Central</a>).</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Can anyone find a well-focused and detailed experimental review or trial?  </p>
</blockquote>

<p>I have found a few, albeit all somewhat dated: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10097832" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Ravindran <em>et al</em>. (1999)</a>; <a href="http://www.mdedge.com/currentpsychiatry/article/59680/schizophrenia-other-psychotic-disorders/late-onset-schizophrenia" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Lubman &amp; Castle (2002)</a> and <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1479-8301.2002.tb00029.x/full" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Sato &amp; Idha, (2002)</a>. I can recommend to see whether these articles are cited in papers published on a later date if you prefer more recent literature.  </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Do psychology / psychiatry associations claim it?  </p>
</blockquote>

<p>Difficult question. The International Late-Onset Schizophrenia Group recognizes the disorder’s late-onset version as “very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis <a href="http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.2.172" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Howard <em>et al</em>. (2000)</a>. The <a href="http://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">CCI</a> in Australia describes it. Smaller, more isolated institutions seem to recognize it, for instance, the Cardif &amp; Vale Action for Mental Health at least acknowledges its existence. As you said, it appeared not in the DSM-IV and V manuals. Instead, more recently paraphrenia has been classified as </p>

<blockquote>
  <p><strong>very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis</strong></p>
</blockquote>

<p>Patients who present these particular symptoms are generally diagnosed with a variety of other illnesses, including atypical psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder or persistent persecutory state (source: <a href="https://psychcentral.com/encyclopedia/paraphrenia/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Psychology Central</a>). I am sure when you search under this term you will end up with substantial amounts of resources, including for example the DSM-V manual, where it is included, albeit quite vaguely defined according to <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4562208/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Sachdev <em>et al</em>. (2015)</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Manuals that address it in diagnosis or didactically?</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Under the more popular name late-onset psychosis, you can find its diagnostic characteristics in the DSM-V manual as stated above, in <a href="http://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/docs/Psychosis%20Manual.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">The Psychosis Manual</a> from Smith <em>et al</em>., in this <a href="https://macsphere.mcmaster.ca/bitstream/11375/11306/1/fulltext.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Master's thesis</a>, among hosts of other sources.  </p>

<p><sub><strong>References</strong><br>
<strong>-</strong> <a href="http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.2.172" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Howard <em>et al</em>., Am J Psychiatry (2000); <strong>157</strong>(2): 172-8</a><br>
<strong>-</strong> <a href="http://www.mdedge.com/currentpsychiatry/article/59680/schizophrenia-other-psychotic-disorders/late-onset-schizophrenia" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Lubman &amp; Castle, <em>Current Psychiatry</em> (2002); <strong>1</strong>(12): 35-44</a><br>
<strong>-</strong> <a href="https://macsphere.mcmaster.ca/bitstream/11375/11306/1/fulltext.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">MacDougall, Master's thesis (2011), McMaster University</a><br>
<strong>-</strong> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10097832" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Ravindran <em>et al</em>., <em>Can J Psychiatry</em> (1999); <strong>44</strong>(2):133-7</a><br>
<strong>-</strong> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4562208/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Sachdev <em>et al</em>., <em>Harv Rev Psychiatry</em> (2015); <strong>23</strong>(5): 320–8</a><br>
<strong>-</strong> <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1479-8301.2002.tb00029.x/full" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Sato &amp; Idha, Psychogeriatrics (2002); <strong>2</strong>(1): 20–5</a>  </sub>  </p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-08-22T11:01:53.807Z
2017-08-22T22:06:41.370Z
2017-08-22T22:06:41.370Z
AliceD
<p>First mentioned by Kalbhaum in 1863, and better known by Kraepelin's descriptions in 1912, paraphrenia seems to be forgotten after the publication of DSM-III. It is always described by its nosology, late onset, with very systematized delirium and typical theme, without losing too much contact with reality. </p>

<p>In general, it seems to have been fused with schizophrenia, persistent delirium, affective paraphrenia, and paranoid affection. Commonly described among delirium and schizophrenia.</p>

<p>ICD-10 includes it in F22 as a type of persistent delusional ideas, in ICD-9 included in paranoid states. It is not included in DSM-IV or DSM-V.</p>

<p>There are plenty descriptive studies, but few reviews with a focus on paraphrenia.</p>

<ul>
<li>Can anyone find a <strong>well-focused and detailed</strong> experimental <strong>review</strong> or <strong>trial</strong>?</li>
<li>Do psychology / psychiatry <strong>associations</strong> claim it?</li>
<li>Are there manuals that address it in <strong>diagnosis</strong> or didactically (not in general form but with detailed author)?</li>
<li>Are there any <strong>authors</strong> especially focused on this disorder?</li>
</ul>

<p><sub>
 1. I am not interested in medication;<br>
 2. I am not interested in comorbidities such as paranoid affection (described as very characterized by a characteristic affection and there is some confusion with directly paranoid affection, affective paraphrenia).<br>
 3. I am not interested whether it appears to be closely related to paranoid schizophrenia (confusion due to systematized delirium).</sub></p>

<clinical-psychology><schizophrenia>
What is the current status of Paraphrenia?
hexadecimal
# What is the current status of Paraphrenia?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2017-07-28)

First mentioned by Kalbhaum in 1863, and better known by Kraepelin's descriptions in 1912, paraphrenia seems to be forgotten after the publication of DSM-III. It is always described by its nosology, late onset, with very systematized delirium and typical theme, without losing too much contact with reality.

In general, it seems to have been fused with schizophrenia, persistent delirium, affective paraphrenia, and paranoid affection. Commonly described among delirium and schizophrenia.

ICD-10 includes it in F22 as a type of persistent delusional ideas, in ICD-9 included in paranoid states. It is not included in DSM-IV or DSM-V.

There are plenty descriptive studies, but few reviews with a focus on paraphrenia.

* Can anyone find a **well-focused and detailed** experimental **review** or **trial**?
* Do psychology / psychiatry **associations** claim it?
* Are there manuals that address it in **diagnosis** or didactically (not in general form but with detailed author)?
* Are there any **authors** especially focused on this disorder?

1. I am not interested in medication;  
2. I am not interested in comorbidities such as paranoid affection (described as very characterized by a characteristic affection and there is some confusion with directly paranoid affection, affective paraphrenia).  
3. I am not interested whether it appears to be closely related to paranoid schizophrenia (confusion due to systematized delirium).

**Tags:** clinical-psychology, schizophrenia


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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2017-08-22. Score: 3 | Accepted answer

Paraphrenia is a late-onset mental disorder similar to schizophrenia in that it features the positive symptoms of the disease, such as delusions and/or hallucinations, but lacks the negative symptoms, such as the deterioration of intellect or personality. It seems to be an outdated term (source: [Psychology Central](https://psychcentral.com/encyclopedia/paraphrenia/)).

> Can anyone find a well-focused and detailed experimental review or trial?

I have found a few, albeit all somewhat dated: [Ravindran *et al*. (1999)](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10097832); [Lubman & Castle (2002)](http://www.mdedge.com/currentpsychiatry/article/59680/schizophrenia-other-psychotic-disorders/late-onset-schizophrenia) and [Sato & Idha, (2002)](http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1479-8301.2002.tb00029.x/full). I can recommend to see whether these articles are cited in papers published on a later date if you prefer more recent literature.

> Do psychology / psychiatry associations claim it?

Difficult question. The International Late-Onset Schizophrenia Group recognizes the disorder’s late-onset version as “very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis [Howard *et al*. (2000)](http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.2.172). The [CCI](http://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/) in Australia describes it. Smaller, more isolated institutions seem to recognize it, for instance, the Cardif & Vale Action for Mental Health at least acknowledges its existence. As you said, it appeared not in the DSM-IV and V manuals. Instead, more recently paraphrenia has been classified as

> **very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis**

Patients who present these particular symptoms are generally diagnosed with a variety of other illnesses, including atypical psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder or persistent persecutory state (source: [Psychology Central](https://psychcentral.com/encyclopedia/paraphrenia/)). I am sure when you search under this term you will end up with substantial amounts of resources, including for example the DSM-V manual, where it is included, albeit quite vaguely defined according to [Sachdev *et al*. (2015)](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4562208/).

> Manuals that address it in diagnosis or didactically?

Under the more popular name late-onset psychosis, you can find its diagnostic characteristics in the DSM-V manual as stated above, in [The Psychosis Manual](http://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/docs/Psychosis%20Manual.pdf) from Smith *et al*., in this [Master's thesis](https://macsphere.mcmaster.ca/bitstream/11375/11306/1/fulltext.pdf), among hosts of other sources.

**References**  
**-** [Howard *et al*., Am J Psychiatry (2000); **157**(2): 172-8](http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.2.172)  
**-** [Lubman & Castle, *Current Psychiatry* (2002); **1**(12): 35-44](http://www.mdedge.com/currentpsychiatry/article/59680/schizophrenia-other-psychotic-disorders/late-onset-schizophrenia)  
**-** [MacDougall, Master's thesis (2011), McMaster University](https://macsphere.mcmaster.ca/bitstream/11375/11306/1/fulltext.pdf)  
**-** [Ravindran *et al*., *Can J Psychiatry* (1999); **44**(2):133-7](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10097832)  
**-** [Sachdev *et al*., *Harv Rev Psychiatry* (2015); **23**(5): 320–8](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4562208/)  
**-** [Sato & Idha, Psychogeriatrics (2002); **2**(1): 20–5](http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1479-8301.2002.tb00029.x/full)


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