<p>In the case of animals it is not common to refer to mental disorders, there is more commonly talked about behavior problems, (it is not specified in the question what kind of animals) although <strong>in essence animals can suffer the same as a human</strong>, sometimes the variations are huge, depends on which type of animal we refer (it is not the same to speak of chimpanzee or bonobo than of mammals or other animals).</p>

<p>Here are some examples of psychology (about mammals) that may be of interest, are nowadays sensitive and may even surprise some (OCD, bipolar, dementia, autism, Alzheimer, etc.).</p>

<p>(Ethology is the science that is responsible for the study of animal behavior, although it is not the only science that studies it, for example, in the studies of psychology there are 2 subjects in relation to animal behavior: biology that sometimes It is administered by an ethologist, and comparative psychology, the latter can receive different denominations in different countries. Professionals in charge of therapy and / or training vary widely depending on the country, some are: ethologists, veterinarians, trainers but there are many more).</p>

<ul>
<li>MOTOR DISORDERS, STEREOTYPIES AND OCD:</li>
</ul>

<p>In many cases animals are found with what some people classify as motor behavior disorders, other considerations can lead to obsessive compulsive disorders. These problems may consist of a bird that can no longer fly, a dog that stores objects of a certain characteristic (without food function); or a dog that usually turns and turns on itself. These problems can be caused by restrictions on movement, for example not letting a bird fly or not respecting the bird's flight practice (there are others that are produced by the way of life and hormones). </p>

<p>Examples of stereotypy at the beginning of the video, Chimpance raised with artificial mother without movement and children orphaned in institutions: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6sKo-OKAuE" rel="noreferrer">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6sKo-OKAuE</a></p>

<p>Other examples:
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=umKQxJ_rlO0" rel="noreferrer">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=umKQxJ_rlO0</a>
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seWlk8B-W6w" rel="noreferrer">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seWlk8B-W6w</a></p>

<p>OCD: <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195561691500413" rel="noreferrer">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195561691500413</a></p>

<ul>
<li>ANXIETY AND POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS:</li>
</ul>

<p>It is well known that dogs can develop post-traumatic stress following environmental catastrophes, for example it is well known that after floods and earthquakes many times dogs experience anxiety and flashbacks.</p>

<p>Of course the animals can experience stress due to mistreatment.</p>

<p>Interesting links: <a href="https://www.cesarsway.com/dog-behavior/anxiety/post-traumatic-stress-disorder" rel="noreferrer">https://www.cesarsway.com/dog-behavior/anxiety/post-traumatic-stress-disorder</a> <a href="https://www.cesarsway.com/dog-behavior/anxiety/veteran-dogs-suffering-from-ptsd" rel="noreferrer">https://www.cesarsway.com/dog-behavior/anxiety/veteran-dogs-suffering-from-ptsd</a>
<a href="http://ivcjournal.com/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-in-dogs/" rel="noreferrer">http://ivcjournal.com/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-in-dogs/</a></p>

<ul>
<li>SYSTEMATIZED PROBLEMS (DISORDES) DEVELOPDEP BY LEARNING, great variety.</li>
</ul>

<p>Attachment and sociability: See <strong>Harlow</strong> experiments.
Aggressiveness. <strong>Today there is widespread debate about aggressive behavior resulting from mistreatment</strong>.
Depression / defenselessness learned. No doubt the animals have emotions, in their case not usually considered depression but learned helplessness, see <strong>Seligman</strong> experiments, also <strong>Seligman and Maier</strong>.</p>

<p>An article I have found about it and may be interesting as well as being related to the question, but many others may be found: <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Isabelle_Veissier/publication/230851712_Animals" rel="noreferrer">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Isabelle_Veissier/publication/230851712_Animals</a>'_emotions_Studies_in_sheep_using_appraisal_theories/links/09e41505478be19677000000/Animals-emotions-Studies-in-sheep-using-appraisal-theories.pdf</p>

<p><strong>Of course</strong>: <a href="https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=kc3CAgAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP1&amp;dq=animals+emotions&amp;ots=s1J20NZ2u7&amp;sig=Jc-MAGzmDwPMwb-WWVIlJ1z8TFo#v=onepage&amp;q=animals%20emotions&amp;f=false" rel="noreferrer">https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=kc3CAgAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP1&amp;dq=animals+emotions&amp;ots=s1J20NZ2u7&amp;sig=Jc-MAGzmDwPMwb-WWVIlJ1z8TFo#v=onepage&amp;q=animals%20emotions&amp;f=false</a></p>

<ul>
<li>ORGANIC DISORDERS, an incredible broad field, some examples:</li>
</ul>

<p>Patterson, P.H. (2009). Immune involvement in <strong>schizophrenia</strong> and <strong>autism</strong>: etiology, pathology and animal models. Behav. Brain Res. 204, 313–321.</p>

<p>Müller, M.B. &amp; Holsboer, F. (2006). Mice with mutations in the HPA-system as models for symptoms of <strong>depression</strong>. Biol. Psychiatry 59, 1104–1115.</p>

<p>Götz, J. &amp; Ittner, L.M. (2008) Animal models of <strong>Alzheimer's disease</strong> and <strong>frontotemporal dementia</strong>. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 532–544.</p>

<p>Jamain, S. (2008). Reduced social interaction and ultrasonic communication in a mouse model of monogenic heritable <strong>autism</strong>. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 1710–1715. Moy, S.S. &amp; Nadler, J.J. (2008). Advances in behavioral genetics: mouse models of autism. Mol. Psychiatry 13, 4–26.</p>

<p>Einat, H. &amp; Manji, H.K. (2006). Cellular plasticity cascades: genes-to-behavior pathways in animal models of <strong>bipolar disorder</strong>. Biol. Psychiatry 59, 1160–1171 </p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-07-29T23:44:36.827Z
2017-07-30T00:11:16.067Z
2017-07-30T00:11:16.067Z
hexadecimal
<p>I just had a discussion with someone about mental illnesses in people (specifically talking about Capgraw delusion, alien hand syndrome, and walking corpse syndrome) and how some people's lives can be ruined by mental disorders. </p>

<p>Then I had a thought: Do animals also get mental disorders? I don't think I've ever heard anybody suggest it before...we all just assume animals are just animals and do animal stuff. Some people might say, "Oh, that cat is crazy." but maybe it's actually suffering from a mental disorder?</p>

<p>I mean, we all know animals can suffer dramatic trauma and be psychologically scarred by it...but humans can seemingly develop mental disorders without previous physical trauma and we also develop very odd mental disorders (like Capgraw delusion). </p>

<p>So logically, I just have to wonder if animals can develop mental disorders that are unique or similar to our own.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-07-29T18:08:55.737Z
This is a very broad question, because there a many mental disorders. Additionally, it's unclear what you're asking, because how would you imagine an animal would be diagnosed with a mental disorder? It depends on which mental disorders you're asking about.
Seanny123
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-07-30T07:29:32.713Z
Related: [Can cats get depressed in a way similar to humans?](https://psychology.stackexchange.com/q/10226/7001)
Arnon Weinberg
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-07-30T18:29:27.290Z
Beyond the question I personally would like to see what data offer other users, I consider it an important, sensitive issue and that we should know or that interests this site of the network stackoverflow I vote for to reopen.
hexadecimal
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-07-31T18:20:33.707Z
Thanks everyone for the input. I was asking if animals *can* develop mental disorders unique or similar to humans, I believe @hexadecimal answered the question sufficiently: It's a resounding yes. Hex provided multiple examples and sources to support the answer and can lead visitors to explore this topic further if they so choose. Thanks again everyone, this was very enlightening! :)
Aaron
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-08-18T13:29:31.783Z
@YvetteColomb and David, I would argue this is _not_ broad (at least not in the sense of 'it should be closed as too broad'). The 'too broad' close reason prevents asking questions which need books to be answered. In contrast, this question can be answered with just one example (for example, the one provided by Arnon). There is a distinction between a _broad topic_ and the need for a _broad answer_.
Steven Jeuris
<animal-cognition>
Can animals develop mental disorders that are unique or similar to our own?
Aaron
# Can animals develop mental disorders that are unique or similar to our own?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2017-07-29)

I just had a discussion with someone about mental illnesses in people (specifically talking about Capgraw delusion, alien hand syndrome, and walking corpse syndrome) and how some people's lives can be ruined by mental disorders.

Then I had a thought: Do animals also get mental disorders? I don't think I've ever heard anybody suggest it before...we all just assume animals are just animals and do animal stuff. Some people might say, "Oh, that cat is crazy." but maybe it's actually suffering from a mental disorder?

I mean, we all know animals can suffer dramatic trauma and be psychologically scarred by it...but humans can seemingly develop mental disorders without previous physical trauma and we also develop very odd mental disorders (like Capgraw delusion).

So logically, I just have to wonder if animals can develop mental disorders that are unique or similar to our own.

**Tags:** animal-cognition

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: This is a very broad question, because there a many mental disorders. Additionally, it's unclear what you're asking, because how would you imagine an animal would be diagnosed with a mental disorder? It depends on which mental disorders you're asking about.  
> **username_2**: Related: [Can cats get depressed in a way similar to humans?](https://psychology.stackexchange.com/q/10226/7001)  
> **username_3**: Beyond the question I personally would like to see what data offer other users, I consider it an important, sensitive issue and that we should know or that interests this site of the network stackoverflow I vote for to reopen.  
> **username_0**: Thanks everyone for the input. I was asking if animals *can* develop mental disorders unique or similar to humans, I believe @username_3 answered the question sufficiently: It's a resounding yes. Hex provided multiple examples and sources to support the answer and can lead visitors to explore this topic further if they so choose. Thanks again everyone, this was very enlightening! :)  
> **username_4**: @YvetteColomb and David, I would argue this is _not_ broad (at least not in the sense of 'it should be closed as too broad'). The 'too broad' close reason prevents asking questions which need books to be answered. In contrast, this question can be answered with just one example (for example, the one provided by Arnon). There is a distinction between a _broad topic_ and the need for a _broad answer_.  

---

## 1 answers

### Answer by username_3 on 2017-07-29. Score: 5 | Accepted answer

In the case of animals it is not common to refer to mental disorders, there is more commonly talked about behavior problems, (it is not specified in the question what kind of animals) although **in essence animals can suffer the same as a human**, sometimes the variations are huge, depends on which type of animal we refer (it is not the same to speak of chimpanzee or bonobo than of mammals or other animals).

Here are some examples of psychology (about mammals) that may be of interest, are nowadays sensitive and may even surprise some (OCD, bipolar, dementia, autism, Alzheimer, etc.).

(Ethology is the science that is responsible for the study of animal behavior, although it is not the only science that studies it, for example, in the studies of psychology there are 2 subjects in relation to animal behavior: biology that sometimes It is administered by an ethologist, and comparative psychology, the latter can receive different denominations in different countries. Professionals in charge of therapy and / or training vary widely depending on the country, some are: ethologists, veterinarians, trainers but there are many more).

* MOTOR DISORDERS, STEREOTYPIES AND OCD:

In many cases animals are found with what some people classify as motor behavior disorders, other considerations can lead to obsessive compulsive disorders. These problems may consist of a bird that can no longer fly, a dog that stores objects of a certain characteristic (without food function); or a dog that usually turns and turns on itself. These problems can be caused by restrictions on movement, for example not letting a bird fly or not respecting the bird's flight practice (there are others that are produced by the way of life and hormones).

Examples of stereotypy at the beginning of the video, Chimpance raised with artificial mother without movement and children orphaned in institutions: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6sKo-OKAuE>

Other examples:
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=umKQxJ_rlO0>
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seWlk8B-W6w>

OCD: <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195561691500413>

* ANXIETY AND POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS:

It is well known that dogs can develop post-traumatic stress following environmental catastrophes, for example it is well known that after floods and earthquakes many times dogs experience anxiety and flashbacks.

Of course the animals can experience stress due to mistreatment.

Interesting links: <https://www.cesarsway.com/dog-behavior/anxiety/post-traumatic-stress-disorder> <https://www.cesarsway.com/dog-behavior/anxiety/veteran-dogs-suffering-from-ptsd>
<http://ivcjournal.com/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-in-dogs/>

* SYSTEMATIZED PROBLEMS (DISORDES) DEVELOPDEP BY LEARNING, great variety.

Attachment and sociability: See **Harlow** experiments.
Aggressiveness. **Today there is widespread debate about aggressive behavior resulting from mistreatment**.
Depression / defenselessness learned. No doubt the animals have emotions, in their case not usually considered depression but learned helplessness, see **Seligman** experiments, also **Seligman and Maier**.

An article I have found about it and may be interesting as well as being related to the question, but many others may be found: <https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Isabelle_Veissier/publication/230851712_Animals>'\_emotions\_Studies\_in\_sheep\_using\_appraisal\_theories/links/09e41505478be19677000000/Animals-emotions-Studies-in-sheep-using-appraisal-theories.pdf

**Of course**: <https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=kc3CAgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=animals+emotions&ots=s1J20NZ2u7&sig=Jc-MAGzmDwPMwb-WWVIlJ1z8TFo#v=onepage&q=animals%20emotions&f=false>

* ORGANIC DISORDERS, an incredible broad field, some examples:

Patterson, P.H. (2009). Immune involvement in **schizophrenia** and **autism**: etiology, pathology and animal models. Behav. Brain Res. 204, 313–321.

Müller, M.B. & Holsboer, F. (2006). Mice with mutations in the HPA-system as models for symptoms of **depression**. Biol. Psychiatry 59, 1104–1115.

Götz, J. & Ittner, L.M. (2008) Animal models of **Alzheimer's disease** and **frontotemporal dementia**. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 532–544.

Jamain, S. (2008). Reduced social interaction and ultrasonic communication in a mouse model of monogenic heritable **autism**. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 1710–1715. Moy, S.S. & Nadler, J.J. (2008). Advances in behavioral genetics: mouse models of autism. Mol. Psychiatry 13, 4–26.

Einat, H. & Manji, H.K. (2006). Cellular plasticity cascades: genes-to-behavior pathways in animal models of **bipolar disorder**. Biol. Psychiatry 59, 1160–1171


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