<p>The currently accepted model of curiosity is <a href="http://drjlitman.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Litman-Jimerson-2004.pdf" rel="nofollow">that of Litman</a>. It describes curiosity as a sort of motivating factor:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Curiosity as a feeling of deprivation (CFD) reflects feelings of uncertainty and tension that motivate information-seeking and problem-solving behavior.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Now we only need to establish a link between motivation and emotional intelligence. <a href="http://www.cambridge.org.secure.sci-hub.cc/core/journals/journal-of-management-and-organization/article/testing-the-links-between-emotional-intelligence-and-motivation/B0BF1FF537ABA86DC6913D1884EAAB2D" rel="nofollow">In this study</a>, scientists found a link between the two, but came to conclusion that:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Structural
  equation modeling indicates that motivation is not a factor of emotional  ntelligence but that it is related to the construct particularly through the regulation of emotion and the appraisal of others’ emotions</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Edit based on more updated study:</p>

<p>Before we proceed further, I tried to find further proof that curiosity is indeed a motivation. I found confirmation of that <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/15184082_The_Work_Preference_Inventory_Assessing_Intrinsic_and_Extrinsic_Motivational_Orientations" rel="nofollow">here</a>, which categorises curiosity as an intrinsic motivation.</p>

<p>Back on topic, Here is an invaluable resource that I found thanks to mrt: <a href="http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1462516971" rel="nofollow">The Psychological Construction of Emotion - Edited by Barrett and Russell</a></p>

<p>The entire chapter 11 is relevant. It contains lots of relevant citations too (Specially the works of Panksepp). I can't quote all of it because fair use has a limit. I will just post a glimpse:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In view of the clear evidence linking DA transmission to aspects of
  motivation, what does this say about dopaminergic involvement in emotion? Is DA irrelevant as an ingredient in emotional states? Not necessarily.
  Burgdorf and Panksepp (2006) suggested that ventral striatal mechanisms
  are not related to “pleasure” or “consummatory reward” in the traditional sense, but instead are involved in anticipatory or appetitive energizing effects of stimuli.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The book establishes a difference between hedonic "liking" and dopamine-induced "wanting". [ Dopamine has been linked to pleasurable simulations as well as aversive stimulations ] Depressed people do not lose their appreciation of pleasurable things like tasty food (quoting the book here), but find no energy in their pursuit of motivational stimuli, exertion of effort, and motivational anticipation.</p>

<p>In conclusion: I would like to propose that being curious is similar to being a foodie, or adventurous. Not sure about lexical term, but there seems to be a need to differentiate between core emotions and their drive.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-15T23:37:12.323Z
The model of curiosity you cite makes explicit that curiosity is an emotion or affective state, counter to your conclusion: "curiosity […] reflects **feelings** of uncertainty and tension."  This is emotional.   Also, motivation *is* affect/emotion, independent of whether it's tied to emotional intelligence (which is a separate construct).
mrt
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-16T00:12:42.497Z
@mrt Litman's theory predates the other theory I linked. Besides, emotion is a literary term, EQ is quantifiable. I was expecting a counter of my claim that curiosity is a motivation, but not a denial of emotional intelligence as a measure of emotion. I will look into the theories of affective state. Do you have any links?
Spero
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-16T00:22:49.387Z
Litman's 2007 paper (link: https://goo.gl/tXpecP) shows that he follows State-Trait theory of emotion and personality (Spielberger, Ritterband, Sydeman, Reheiser, & Unger, 1995). You have to decide which one you want to believe in. All of these are models.
Spero
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-16T00:32:07.530Z
The theory of emotion/affect I subscribe to is [here](http://emr.sagepub.com/content/6/4/292.short) and [here](http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v16/n7/abs/nrn3950.html).   You can quantify emotion via self-report (e.g., PANAS, SAM), BOLD, psychophysiology, etc.  But both of Litman's papers seem to strongly suggest that curiosity, as he defines it, is an emotion or affective state.
mrt
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-16T00:36:46.043Z
And, indeed, curiosity is just a concept. It's not carved in nature.  There's not a curiosity "essence" to be found in our brain.  (Not that you say otherwise, but I think it's important to note!)
mrt
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-16T02:58:00.977Z
@mrt Thanks for introducing us to Barrett's extensive research on emotions. I will edit my answer accordingly.
Spero
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-04-15T16:23:01.543Z
I have found new study on this topic that challenges the finding of Salamone, Correa, Randall and Nunes: http://www.jaacap.com/article/S0890-8567(16)31752-X/fulltext
Spero
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-15T23:25:43.500Z
2016-10-16T11:48:30.430Z
2016-10-16T11:48:30.430Z
Spero
<p><strong>Short Answer:</strong> </p>

<p>No, curiosity cannot be described as an emotion. </p>

<p><strong>Detailed Answer:</strong> </p>

<p>Curiosity is a desire, aspiration for something. An <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion#Classification" rel="nofollow">emotion</a> is the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affect_consciousness" rel="nofollow">affective aspect of consciousness</a>, also known as affect integration.
However, curiosity and pretty much <em>everything</em> can induce an emotion. </p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-15T17:42:37.283Z
"Desire" is inherently affective.  So if curiosity is a desire, then it is also affective.
mrt
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-15T22:45:14.450Z
Also, do you have a source for your definition of curiosity?
mrt
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-15T14:42:38.743Z
2016-10-15T14:42:38.743Z
Ebbinghaus
<p>Can curiosity be described as an emotion? </p>

<p>On one hand it is definitely an emotion in the sense that is a feeling. IT feels like you want to know something. Furthermore, it can be pleasant or unpleasant according to the circumstances. So there is a basis for thinking that I could. I am wondering if there are good arguments on why it would be problematic to define curiosity as an emotion? </p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-05-10T17:14:44.553Z
What definition of emotion are you working with?
Seanny123
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-05-11T00:24:42.440Z
The answer is yes ("I feel curious").  It could also be a personality trait ("I'm a curious person").  In fact, there's nothing particularly special about the category of "emotion."  Practically anything could belong to "emotion" if it… (i) is a categorization/interpretation (ii) of your affective feelings (iii) in a given situation.  For example, I could feel good when I put on socks and label my affective experience as *sockiness.*  That would be an emotion.  Similarly, curiosity describes an affective feeling in some context.
mrt
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-10-15T17:51:53.093Z
Maybe emotion can be thought of as intellect responding to dynamic synthesis of biological chemicals. In this sense emotion is a filter for intellectual analysis; but also, this intellectual analysis serves as feedback for the dynamic nature of emotion.
Eric Roper
<emotion><philosophy-of-mind>
Can curiosity be described as an emotion?
Heberto Mayorquin
# Can curiosity be described as an emotion?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2016-05-10)

Can curiosity be described as an emotion?

On one hand it is definitely an emotion in the sense that is a feeling. IT feels like you want to know something. Furthermore, it can be pleasant or unpleasant according to the circumstances. So there is a basis for thinking that I could. I am wondering if there are good arguments on why it would be problematic to define curiosity as an emotion?

**Tags:** emotion, philosophy-of-mind

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: What definition of emotion are you working with?  
> **username_2**: The answer is yes ("I feel curious").  It could also be a personality trait ("I'm a curious person").  In fact, there's nothing particularly special about the category of "emotion."  Practically anything could belong to "emotion" if it… (i) is a categorization/interpretation (ii) of your affective feelings (iii) in a given situation.  For example, I could feel good when I put on socks and label my affective experience as *sockiness.*  That would be an emotion.  Similarly, curiosity describes an affective feeling in some context.  
> **username_3**: Maybe emotion can be thought of as intellect responding to dynamic synthesis of biological chemicals. In this sense emotion is a filter for intellectual analysis; but also, this intellectual analysis serves as feedback for the dynamic nature of emotion.  

---

## 2 answers

### Answer by username_4 on 2016-10-15. Score: 4

The currently accepted model of curiosity is [that of Litman](http://drjlitman.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Litman-Jimerson-2004.pdf). It describes curiosity as a sort of motivating factor:

> Curiosity as a feeling of deprivation (CFD) reflects feelings of uncertainty and tension that motivate information-seeking and problem-solving behavior.

Now we only need to establish a link between motivation and emotional intelligence. [In this study](http://www.cambridge.org.secure.sci-hub.cc/core/journals/journal-of-management-and-organization/article/testing-the-links-between-emotional-intelligence-and-motivation/B0BF1FF537ABA86DC6913D1884EAAB2D), scientists found a link between the two, but came to conclusion that:

> Structural
> equation modeling indicates that motivation is not a factor of emotional ntelligence but that it is related to the construct particularly through the regulation of emotion and the appraisal of others’ emotions

Edit based on more updated study:

Before we proceed further, I tried to find further proof that curiosity is indeed a motivation. I found confirmation of that [here](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/15184082_The_Work_Preference_Inventory_Assessing_Intrinsic_and_Extrinsic_Motivational_Orientations), which categorises curiosity as an intrinsic motivation.

Back on topic, Here is an invaluable resource that I found thanks to username_2: [The Psychological Construction of Emotion - Edited by Barrett and Russell](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1462516971)

The entire chapter 11 is relevant. It contains lots of relevant citations too (Specially the works of Panksepp). I can't quote all of it because fair use has a limit. I will just post a glimpse:

> In view of the clear evidence linking DA transmission to aspects of
> motivation, what does this say about dopaminergic involvement in emotion? Is DA irrelevant as an ingredient in emotional states? Not necessarily.
> Burgdorf and Panksepp (2006) suggested that ventral striatal mechanisms
> are not related to “pleasure” or “consummatory reward” in the traditional sense, but instead are involved in anticipatory or appetitive energizing effects of stimuli.

The book establishes a difference between hedonic "liking" and dopamine-induced "wanting". [ Dopamine has been linked to pleasurable simulations as well as aversive stimulations ] Depressed people do not lose their appreciation of pleasurable things like tasty food (quoting the book here), but find no energy in their pursuit of motivational stimuli, exertion of effort, and motivational anticipation.

In conclusion: I would like to propose that being curious is similar to being a foodie, or adventurous. Not sure about lexical term, but there seems to be a need to differentiate between core emotions and their drive.

> **Comments:**
> **username_2**: The model of curiosity you cite makes explicit that curiosity is an emotion or affective state, counter to your conclusion: "curiosity […] reflects **feelings** of uncertainty and tension."  This is emotional.   Also, motivation *is* affect/emotion, independent of whether it's tied to emotional intelligence (which is a separate construct).  
> **username_4**: @username_2 Litman's theory predates the other theory I linked. Besides, emotion is a literary term, EQ is quantifiable. I was expecting a counter of my claim that curiosity is a motivation, but not a denial of emotional intelligence as a measure of emotion. I will look into the theories of affective state. Do you have any links?  
> **username_4**: Litman's 2007 paper (link: https://goo.gl/tXpecP) shows that he follows State-Trait theory of emotion and personality (Spielberger, Ritterband, Sydeman, Reheiser, & Unger, 1995). You have to decide which one you want to believe in. All of these are models.  
> **username_2**: The theory of emotion/affect I subscribe to is [here](http://emr.sagepub.com/content/6/4/292.short) and [here](http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v16/n7/abs/nrn3950.html).   You can quantify emotion via self-report (e.g., PANAS, SAM), BOLD, psychophysiology, etc.  But both of Litman's papers seem to strongly suggest that curiosity, as he defines it, is an emotion or affective state.  
> **username_2**: And, indeed, curiosity is just a concept. It's not carved in nature.  There's not a curiosity "essence" to be found in our brain.  (Not that you say otherwise, but I think it's important to note!)  
> **username_4**: @username_2 Thanks for introducing us to Barrett's extensive research on emotions. I will edit my answer accordingly.  
> **username_4**: I have found new study on this topic that challenges the finding of Salamone, Correa, Randall and Nunes: http://www.jaacap.com/article/S0890-8567(16)31752-X/fulltext  

---

### Answer by username_5 on 2016-10-15. Score: 0

**Short Answer:**

No, curiosity cannot be described as an emotion.

**Detailed Answer:**

Curiosity is a desire, aspiration for something. An [emotion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion#Classification) is the [affective aspect of consciousness](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affect_consciousness), also known as affect integration.
However, curiosity and pretty much *everything* can induce an emotion.

> **Comments:**
> **username_2**: "Desire" is inherently affective.  So if curiosity is a desire, then it is also affective.  
> **username_2**: Also, do you have a source for your definition of curiosity?  

---

