<blockquote>
<p>striking 以及 and opting for 和</p>
</blockquote>
<p>in &quot;[A] 以及 [B]&quot; ([A] also [B]), [A] is the primary and [B] is the secondary,</p>
<p>in &quot;[A] 和 [B]&quot; ([A] and [B]), [A] and [B] are of equal importance</p>
<p>in &quot;[A] 甚至 [B] ([A] even [B]), [B] is at a higher degree compared to [A]</p>
<p>Comparing 打断椅子扶手, 打碎后视镜, 在椅座上灭烟头, and 小便</p>
<p>小便 should be of equal importance compared to the other three, therefore, 和 is preferable to 以及</p>
<blockquote>
<p>She also struck 的程度</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The word 的 turned &quot;打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜，在椅座上灭烟头和小便&quot; into an adjectival phrase that modified 程度 --&gt; (to the degree of) &quot;打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜，在椅座上灭烟头和小便</p>
<ul>
<li><p>甚至于[去到]打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜、在椅座上灭烟头，以及小便[的程度]。 --&gt; describe the severity</p>
</li>
<li><p>甚至于打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜、在椅座上灭烟头，以及小便。 --&gt; list the damages</p>
</li>
</ul>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2023-01-06T14:19:48.157Z
So, if I want to stress the severity, I should keep 的程度？
Ludi
CC BY-SA 4.0
2023-01-06T21:31:01.977Z
I agree that you keep "的程度", but it is better to use "甚至到了 ... 的程度". 甚至到了打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜、在椅座上灭烟头，以及在椅座上小便的程度。
PdotWang
CC BY-SA 4.0
2023-01-05T17:20:35.730Z
2023-01-05T17:34:04.960Z
2023-01-05T17:34:04.960Z
Tang Ho
<ol>
<li>Both 以及 and 和 share the meaning of &quot;and&quot;, however, 以及 also means &quot;as well as&quot; and &quot;together/along with&quot;, which is often used to refer to/linking a third person or item</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>&quot;你<strong>和</strong>我<strong>以及</strong>其他人(you <strong>and</strong> I <strong>as well as</strong> other people)&quot; sounds better than &quot;你<strong>和</strong>我<strong>和</strong>其他人(you <strong>and</strong> I <strong>and</strong> other people)&quot;.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that in the example above, 和 can replace 以及, but the reverse is not true (Incorrect - &quot;你<strong>以及</strong>我<strong>以及</strong>其他人&quot;. Also, when there are only two persons/items involved, such as &quot;你<strong>和</strong>我&quot; can't be replaced with &quot;你<strong>以及</strong>我&quot;; and &quot;纸<strong>和</strong>笔&quot; can't be replaced with &quot;纸<strong>以及</strong>笔&quot;.</p>
<ol start="2">
<li>I agree, 以及 can be replaced with 並且, and 的程度 shall be eliminated or replaced with 的情形(situation) - 在椅座上灭烟头並且小便的情形.</li>
</ol>
<p>3)IMO, I will modify the sentence as:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>那时， 有人多次无故破坏我的电动轮椅。<strong>有</strong>打断椅子扶手<strong>的</strong>，<strong>有</strong>打碎后视镜<strong>的</strong>、<strong>更有</strong>在椅座上灭烟头<strong>甚至于</strong>小便的(情形)。Or,</p>
</li>
<li><p>那时， 有人多次无故破坏我的电动轮椅。<strong>有</strong>打断椅子扶手<strong>的</strong>，<strong>有</strong>打碎后视镜<strong>的</strong>、<strong>更有</strong>在椅座上灭烟头<strong>和</strong>小便的(情形)。</p>
</li>
</ul>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2023-01-05T18:30:34.387Z
2023-01-05T18:30:34.387Z
r13
<p>Lately, I handed in a translation saying:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>那时， 有人多次无故破坏我的电动轮椅。甚至于打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜、在椅座上灭烟头，以及小便的程度。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>After transmitting it in, I though 以及 would probably be replaced with 並且。But to my great surprise I found my professor striking 以及 and opting for 和。Is there an explanation for this? She also struck 的程度, but perhaps I should ask that separately.</p>
<p>From my reading <a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/391710652" rel="nofollow noreferrer">examples</a> it seems that I can always replace 和 with 以及. If anything the latter’s scope of application is slightly broader.</p>
<h2>TLDR</h2>
<p>There is the possibility that she just wants to simplify the language. She also replaced 彼時 with 那時；豺狼当道之處 with 惡人橫行的地方 and a host of other similar cases.
The German original had not been colloquial, so I had Not made any effort to stay colloquial either.</p>
<p>Normally I just ask her; but since there is just one question session for dozens of students (who have collectively received hundreds of corrections), I thought I’d ask the cases that may have general answers here.</p>

<word-choice>
Why was 以及 replaced with 和？
# Why was 以及 replaced with 和？

(Asked by: username_0 on 2023-01-05)

Lately, I handed in a translation saying:

> 那时， 有人多次无故破坏我的电动轮椅。甚至于打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜、在椅座上灭烟头，以及小便的程度。

After transmitting it in, I though 以及 would probably be replaced with 並且。But to my great surprise I found my professor striking 以及 and opting for 和。Is there an explanation for this? She also struck 的程度, but perhaps I should ask that separately.

From my reading [examples](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/391710652) it seems that I can always replace 和 with 以及. If anything the latter’s scope of application is slightly broader.

## TLDR

There is the possibility that she just wants to simplify the language. She also replaced 彼時 with 那時；豺狼当道之處 with 惡人橫行的地方 and a host of other similar cases.
The German original had not been colloquial, so I had Not made any effort to stay colloquial either.

Normally I just ask her; but since there is just one question session for dozens of students (who have collectively received hundreds of corrections), I thought I’d ask the cases that may have general answers here.

**Tags:** word-choice


---

## 2 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2023-01-05. Score: 2 | Accepted answer

> striking 以及 and opting for 和

in "[A] 以及 [B]" ([A] also [B]), [A] is the primary and [B] is the secondary,

in "[A] 和 [B]" ([A] and [B]), [A] and [B] are of equal importance

in "[A] 甚至 [B] ([A] even [B]), [B] is at a higher degree compared to [A]

Comparing 打断椅子扶手, 打碎后视镜, 在椅座上灭烟头, and 小便

小便 should be of equal importance compared to the other three, therefore, 和 is preferable to 以及

> She also struck 的程度

The word 的 turned "打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜，在椅座上灭烟头和小便" into an adjectival phrase that modified 程度 --> (to the degree of) "打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜，在椅座上灭烟头和小便

* 甚至于[去到]打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜、在椅座上灭烟头，以及小便[的程度]。 --> describe the severity
* 甚至于打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜、在椅座上灭烟头，以及小便。 --> list the damages

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: So, if I want to stress the severity, I should keep 的程度？  
> **username_2**: I agree that you keep "的程度", but it is better to use "甚至到了 ... 的程度". 甚至到了打断椅子扶手，打碎后视镜、在椅座上灭烟头，以及在椅座上小便的程度。  

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### Answer by username_3 on 2023-01-05. Score: 3

1. Both 以及 and 和 share the meaning of "and", however, 以及 also means "as well as" and "together/along with", which is often used to refer to/linking a third person or item

* "你**和**我**以及**其他人(you **and** I **as well as** other people)" sounds better than "你**和**我**和**其他人(you **and** I **and** other people)".

Note that in the example above, 和 can replace 以及, but the reverse is not true (Incorrect - "你**以及**我**以及**其他人". Also, when there are only two persons/items involved, such as "你**和**我" can't be replaced with "你**以及**我"; and "纸**和**笔" can't be replaced with "纸**以及**笔".

2. I agree, 以及 can be replaced with 並且, and 的程度 shall be eliminated or replaced with 的情形(situation) - 在椅座上灭烟头並且小便的情形.

3)IMO, I will modify the sentence as:

* 那时， 有人多次无故破坏我的电动轮椅。**有**打断椅子扶手**的**，**有**打碎后视镜**的**、**更有**在椅座上灭烟头**甚至于**小便的(情形)。Or,
* 那时， 有人多次无故破坏我的电动轮椅。**有**打断椅子扶手**的**，**有**打碎后视镜**的**、**更有**在椅座上灭烟头**和**小便的(情形)。


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