<p>In addition to what @Sweeper has mentioned: there is a natural <em>tendency in Chinese to minimize the number of characters</em> in compound words, e.g. 北京大学 becomes just 北大 in colloquial language. This is akin to abbreviations in other languages, e.g. California Institute of Technology vs. Caltech. But this point is only distantly related to your question.</p>

<p>To focus more on your exact question, you need to understand that 子 in <strong>兔子</strong> is just a "suffix" that you can use to build a myriad of things, like 勺子，筷子，儿子，包子 and so on. In itself 子 has a very abstract meaning and therefore you <em>omit</em> 子 in 兔子 <em>when you build a compound</em> like 兔年. The 兔 character already carries the proper meaning in itself alone, so there is no need for a redundant extra character. If I say that 子 is "redundant", you might as why on earth do we just use 兔子 instead of 兔. The reason is that <em>modern Mandarin has a comparatively low number of possible syllables</em> to work with, and therefore a <em>huge number of homophone</em> words, which make mutual understanding in oral communication quite hard sometimes. To solve this problem, modern Mandarin combines characters, in many cases of identical meaning, to build words that point to "simple" things like 街道 (street), <strong>浸泡</strong>, <strong>货物</strong> are other examples of this. In other cases, it will use 子，儿 (erhua final 'r') or 头 like in 花儿 (flower) or 石头 ([a piece of] stone). In yet other cases a "prefix" like 老 as in 老师 or 老虎 will come in handy, or repeating the character, e.g. 哥哥. </p>

<p>But as soon as these two-syllable, "simple" words are combined with other ones, things start to get "economical", i.e. omit characters you don't need to express compound things. This is why we say 兔肉 instead of *兔子肉, 虎爪 (tiger claw) instead of *老虎爪, 大哥 (elder/st brother) instead of *大哥哥. The three character variants are just too long, the two character ones express the same meaning, and are therefore preferred.  </p>

<p>You might now ask, if you can omit according to you own judging and sense. The answer is rather no. You really need to learn these things as vocabulary items, because you can shorten 火车站 to 车站 [which could refer to a railway station among others] but you cannot shorten 地铁站 to 铁站 or 地站. In this case all the two characters of 地铁 are need to express "subway", so omitting characters does not apply here. On the other hand 港口 (harbor, port) becomes just 港 in compounds like 港水 (harbor water) or 海港 (sea port) and not 港口水 or 海港口.</p>

<p>UPDATE: OK, 铁站 or 地站 might work in some cases, especially when they are part of another compound expression, but 地铁站 sounds more standard. </p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2015-08-20T15:07:27.200Z
That is probably specific to HK. For 铁地站 Baidu Zhidao says: 您要找的是不是： 地铁站 and the article on 地铁站 http://baike.baidu.com/subview/2889936/13624000.htm does not mention any alternative names.
imrek
CC BY-SA 3.0
2015-08-20T09:24:38.177Z
2015-08-20T09:43:02.797Z
2015-08-20T09:43:02.797Z
imrek
<p>These are just short forms of words. Chinese people don't like to say that many syllable in casual conversation. Of course you can say 我有一个会议 but it will sound more formal to the others. And the 今年是兔年 example when you say 兔子年 it feels very weird because its kind of like a habit now and people just got used to it. That's what we call 約定俗成</p>

<p>Actually these 2 syllable words are kind of "new". In the past when people still use "old Chinese" these 1 syllable words are common.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2015-08-20T08:37:47.907Z
2015-08-20T08:37:47.907Z
Sweeper
<p>Hello I have been learning Mandarin for only a few weeks, although an issue has been bugging me.</p>

<p>It concerns combining words together to make a sentence.</p>

<p>For example I have heard that a correct sentence is:</p>

<p>我有一个会</p>

<p>However I have learned that the correct word for 'meeting' is:</p>

<p>会议</p>

<p>So why has the 议 been dropped? Am I allowed to say this?:</p>

<p>我有一个会议</p>

<p>It seems that characters get dropped all the time in sentences:</p>

<p>浸泡 gets changed to 泡 in sentences</p>

<p>货物 get changed to 货 in sentences</p>

<p>兔子 gets changed to 兔 in sentences</p>

<p>I obviously realise that context is very important in Mandarin. I could not go up to my friend and ask what does '兔 tu' mean, in the same way that I could ask what does '兔子 tuzi' mean.</p>

<p>But why not just use 兔子 in all sentences. It is only one extra syllable! Has it just been dropped to be said quicker? Am I allowed to not drop it?</p>

<p>Could I say: 今年是兔子年 instead of the standard 今年是兔年 ?</p>

<p>I just find it a little confusing as I need to learn the standard word (usually two characters) and then learn how to use it in combination (drop one character).</p>

<p>Sorry if this sounds like a stupid question! I have only been learning for a few weeks.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2015-08-20T08:55:00.273Z
possible duplicate of [Is there a rule that tells what characters can be omitted?](http://chinese.stackexchange.com/questions/1088/is-there-a-rule-that-tells-what-characters-can-be-omitted)
Claw
<mandarin><usage>
Confusion when words are combined
# Confusion when words are combined

(Asked by: username_0 on 2015-08-20)

Hello I have been learning Mandarin for only a few weeks, although an issue has been bugging me.

It concerns combining words together to make a sentence.

For example I have heard that a correct sentence is:

我有一个会

However I have learned that the correct word for 'meeting' is:

会议

So why has the 议 been dropped? Am I allowed to say this?:

我有一个会议

It seems that characters get dropped all the time in sentences:

浸泡 gets changed to 泡 in sentences

货物 get changed to 货 in sentences

兔子 gets changed to 兔 in sentences

I obviously realise that context is very important in Mandarin. I could not go up to my friend and ask what does '兔 tu' mean, in the same way that I could ask what does '兔子 tuzi' mean.

But why not just use 兔子 in all sentences. It is only one extra syllable! Has it just been dropped to be said quicker? Am I allowed to not drop it?

Could I say: 今年是兔子年 instead of the standard 今年是兔年 ?

I just find it a little confusing as I need to learn the standard word (usually two characters) and then learn how to use it in combination (drop one character).

Sorry if this sounds like a stupid question! I have only been learning for a few weeks.

**Tags:** mandarin, usage

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: possible duplicate of [Is there a rule that tells what characters can be omitted?](http://chinese.stackexchange.com/questions/1088/is-there-a-rule-that-tells-what-characters-can-be-omitted)  

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## 2 answers

### Answer by username_2 on 2015-08-20. Score: 4 | Accepted answer

In addition to what @username_3 has mentioned: there is a natural *tendency in Chinese to minimize the number of characters* in compound words, e.g. 北京大学 becomes just 北大 in colloquial language. This is akin to abbreviations in other languages, e.g. California Institute of Technology vs. Caltech. But this point is only distantly related to your question.

To focus more on your exact question, you need to understand that 子 in **兔子** is just a "suffix" that you can use to build a myriad of things, like 勺子，筷子，儿子，包子 and so on. In itself 子 has a very abstract meaning and therefore you *omit* 子 in 兔子 *when you build a compound* like 兔年. The 兔 character already carries the proper meaning in itself alone, so there is no need for a redundant extra character. If I say that 子 is "redundant", you might as why on earth do we just use 兔子 instead of 兔. The reason is that *modern Mandarin has a comparatively low number of possible syllables* to work with, and therefore a *huge number of homophone* words, which make mutual understanding in oral communication quite hard sometimes. To solve this problem, modern Mandarin combines characters, in many cases of identical meaning, to build words that point to "simple" things like 街道 (street), **浸泡**, **货物** are other examples of this. In other cases, it will use 子，儿 (erhua final 'r') or 头 like in 花儿 (flower) or 石头 ([a piece of] stone). In yet other cases a "prefix" like 老 as in 老师 or 老虎 will come in handy, or repeating the character, e.g. 哥哥.

But as soon as these two-syllable, "simple" words are combined with other ones, things start to get "economical", i.e. omit characters you don't need to express compound things. This is why we say 兔肉 instead of \*兔子肉, 虎爪 (tiger username_1) instead of \*老虎爪, 大哥 (elder/st brother) instead of \*大哥哥. The three character variants are just too long, the two character ones express the same meaning, and are therefore preferred.

You might now ask, if you can omit according to you own judging and sense. The answer is rather no. You really need to learn these things as vocabulary items, because you can shorten 火车站 to 车站 [which could refer to a railway station among others] but you cannot shorten 地铁站 to 铁站 or 地站. In this case all the two characters of 地铁 are need to express "subway", so omitting characters does not apply here. On the other hand 港口 (harbor, port) becomes just 港 in compounds like 港水 (harbor water) or 海港 (sea port) and not 港口水 or 海港口.

UPDATE: OK, 铁站 or 地站 might work in some cases, especially when they are part of another compound expression, but 地铁站 sounds more standard.

> **Comments:**
> **username_2**: That is probably specific to HK. For 铁地站 Baidu Zhidao says: 您要找的是不是： 地铁站 and the article on 地铁站 http://baike.baidu.com/subview/2889936/13624000.htm does not mention any alternative names.  

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### Answer by username_3 on 2015-08-20. Score: 1

These are just short forms of words. Chinese people don't like to say that many syllable in casual conversation. Of course you can say 我有一个会议 but it will sound more formal to the others. And the 今年是兔年 example when you say 兔子年 it feels very weird because its kind of like a habit now and people just got used to it. That's what we call 約定俗成

Actually these 2 syllable words are kind of "new". In the past when people still use "old Chinese" these 1 syllable words are common.


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