<blockquote>
  <p>It sounds like there are two primary ones:</p>
</blockquote>

<p>No, these are not the two "primary ones". The method used depends on what you are dating, and what age you expect it to be.</p>

<p>Radiocarbon dating is relevant to things younger than a few tens of thousands of years, and it's only relevant for things that were living (or growing), and incorporated atmospheric carbon.</p>

<p>Other methods such as U–Pb (the "gold standard" when dating igneous rocks), Rb–Sr, Re–Os, Sm–Nd, K(Ar)–Ar, Lu–Hf, and many more, are used for older things in the millions to billions of years. The one used depends on what you're analysing (Re–Os for sulfide minerals, U–Pb for zircons, Rb–Sr for micas, Sm–-Nd or Lu–Hf for garnets), and what is present in the rock, and what has textural evidence for being preserved.</p>

<p>You might call U–Pb on zircon the "primary" one, because most of the dating is done on zircon. It's robust, easy, gives good ages, quick and relatively cheap.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>First, I am wondering if there are any data formats used for storing the data (which will help with search). </p>
</blockquote>

<p>Most U–Pb data is reduced using <a href="http://bgc.org/isoplot_etc/isoplot.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">IsoPlot</a>, so the data will look like something that came out of that software. But in general, no. There is no standardised  data format for geochronology, unfortunately.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>And third, if there's not any "centralized repositories" of this sort of data</p>
</blockquote>

<p>There are several of those. You can search <a href="http://www.earthchem.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">EarthChem</a>, that has some geochronological data. Australian government agencies also have some geochronology data in them, for example <a href="http://www.ga.gov.au/data-pubs" rel="nofollow noreferrer">GA</a> or <a href="https://geoscience.nt.gov.au/gemis/ntgsjspui/community-list" rel="nofollow noreferrer">NTGS</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>If it matters, I am interested in particular in fossil radiometric data.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Fossils are among the hardest thing to date. If the fossils are relatively young (few thousands of years), there's radiocarbon. Anything older than that, and it becomes much harder. There's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium%E2%80%93thorium_dating" rel="nofollow noreferrer">U–Th disequilibrium</a> series which may work for some slightly older fossils (~1 million years). Anything older than that in deep geological time has to be dated with indirect methods. Finding a database of that is probably wishful thinking, and to understand their dates you need to have some geological background to understand the geological relations and considerations that allow the indirect dating.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-11-09T08:29:45.620Z
2018-11-09T09:20:31.310Z
2018-11-09T09:20:31.310Z
Gimelist
<p>There are huge datasets of geochronology available in the published literature. Unfortunately there is not one single database because the task is daunting (there are several thousand geochronology labs in the world which typically produce hundreds of ages per year).</p>

<p>Some papers discussing how data should be (and often are) reported are these, for example :</p>

<p><a href="https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/fac/argon/Publications/renne%20et%20al%202009%20QG.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">40Ar/39Ar geochronology</a></p>

<p><a href="https://www.princeton.edu/geosciences/people/schoene/pdf/4_10_Schoene_UThPb_geochronology.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">U-Pb geochronology</a> (with discussion on sources of error)</p>

<p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871101416301479" rel="nofollow noreferrer">U-Series geochronology</a></p>

<p><a href="http://www.geochron.org/geochronsearch.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">This is a nice database (for U-Pb data by a few labs only for parts of the US)</a></p>

<p><a href="https://mrdata.usgs.gov/geochron/map-us.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Here is a link to the USGS geochronology database in map format.</a> </p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-11-08T15:02:17.870Z
2018-11-09T07:40:25.020Z
2018-11-09T07:40:25.020Z
Geochron
<p>I am in the process of learning what sort of data is collected with <a href="https://www.conservapedia.com/Radiometric_dating" rel="nofollow noreferrer">radiometric dating techniques</a>, used for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_dating#Radiometric_techniques" rel="nofollow noreferrer">absolute dating</a>. It sounds like there are two primary ones:</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Radiocarbon dating</a> (~50k year scale)</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E2%80%93Ar_dating" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Potassium-argon dating</a> (billion year scale)</li>
</ul>

<p>Then in between is tree ring dating, but that is a separate thing. And for completeness, there is also a sort of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoluminescence_dating" rel="nofollow noreferrer">luminescence dating technique</a> which I have never heard of. In this question I am just wondering about the Radiometric techniques. There is also Uranium-lead dating, but I don't see much info on that one, so focusing here just on carbon and potassium-argon.</p>

<p>First, I am wondering if there are any data formats used for storing the data (which will help with search). I searched around a bit but didn't find anything. Second, I'm wondering if there are any data repositories containing radiometric datasets, just to get started. And third, if there's not any "centralized repositories" of this sort of data, and instead it is by individual author in their own style, that might be good to know, just so I don't think I'm missing something obvious.</p>

<p>At first I found <a href="ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/uva_island_1995.txt" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this</a> from <a href="https://catalog.data.gov/dataset?tags=radiocarbon" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>:</p>

<pre><code>GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Tropical Pacific

DESCRIPTION:
Pacific Bomb Radiocarbon Coral Data.

Uva island, Gulf of Chiriqui, Panama (7°48'N, 81°45'W),


CUVA; Uva island, Gulf of Chir(7°48'N, 81°45'W)
                              Druffel, ERM(1987). JMR, 45:667-698
Gardinesoseris planulata
collected July 1980 Collected by: P. Glynn

   WH#       YEAR      ¯14C   ERROR
    42    1950-1951    -64       ±3-4‰   for the whole
    43    1952-1953    -59     data set
    68    1952-1954    -58
    69       1955      -51
    70       1956      -46
    71       1957      -47
    72       1958      -45
    73       1959      -37
    74       1960      -42
    75       1961      -24
   115       1962      -26
   109       1963      -22
   110       1964      -23
   106       1965       29
   112       1966       46
   108       1967       34
   111       1968       66
   113       1969       74
   114       1970       70
    96       1972       75
    94       1973       67
    99       1974       70
    92       1975       56
    95       1976       43
    93       1977       54
    91       1978       52
    97       1979       74
    98       1980       73
</code></pre>

<p>But that doesn't look like much, basically some sort of in integer value for each year. I'm wondering if there is a lot more data typically, such as like you would find in mass spectrometry or crystallography or something. Or if it is literally just an integer or decimal number without anything else (like probability of correctness or other things). Like I'm wondering if the data is much more complicated and would look along the lines of <a href="http://www.c14dating.com/agecalc.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this</a>:</p>

<p><a href="http://www.c14dating.com/agecalc.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/rHzCM.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></a></p>

<p>I also found <a href="https://mrdata.usgs.gov/radiometric/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this</a> which I haven't looked too much into yet. And <a href="https://d28rz98at9flks.cloudfront.net/70219/70219.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this</a> (which unfortunately is a PDF), which has a bunch of maps. So it seems like the data would be some sort of GIS shapefile or something perhaps.</p>

<p>If it matters, I am interested in particular in fossil radiometric data.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-11-09T08:59:19.767Z
The links you post about "radiometric data" are actually not related to geochronology or "dating" of rocks, but are rather geophysical measurements of wavelengths emitted by radioactive elements on the earths surface. IE they are measuring radiation, hence the term "radiometric". This is a common confusion and it is why specialists prefer to use the term "geochronological data" instead.
Geochron
<open-data><geochronology><radioactivity><dating>
Radiometric dating data sets
Lance Pollard
# Radiometric dating data sets

(Asked by: username_0 on 2018-11-07)

I am in the process of learning what sort of data is collected with [radiometric dating techniques](https://www.conservapedia.com/Radiometric_dating), used for [absolute dating](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_dating#Radiometric_techniques). It sounds like there are two primary ones:

* [Radiocarbon dating](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating) (~50k year scale)
* [Potassium-argon dating](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E2%80%93Ar_dating) (billion year scale)

Then in between is tree ring dating, but that is a separate thing. And for completeness, there is also a sort of [luminescence dating technique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoluminescence_dating) which I have never heard of. In this question I am just wondering about the Radiometric techniques. There is also Uranium-lead dating, but I don't see much info on that one, so focusing here just on carbon and potassium-argon.

First, I am wondering if there are any data formats used for storing the data (which will help with search). I searched around a bit but didn't find anything. Second, I'm wondering if there are any data repositories containing radiometric datasets, just to get started. And third, if there's not any "centralized repositories" of this sort of data, and instead it is by individual author in their own style, that might be good to know, just so I don't think I'm missing something obvious.

At first I found [this](ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/uva_island_1995.txt) from [here](https://catalog.data.gov/dataset?tags=radiocarbon):

```
GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Tropical Pacific

DESCRIPTION:
Pacific Bomb Radiocarbon Coral Data.

Uva island, Gulf of Chiriqui, Panama (7°48'N, 81°45'W),

CUVA; Uva island, Gulf of Chir(7°48'N, 81°45'W)
                              Druffel, ERM(1987). JMR, 45:667-698
Gardinesoseris planulata
collected July 1980 Collected by: P. Glynn

   WH#       YEAR      ¯14C   ERROR
    42    1950-1951    -64       ±3-4‰   for the whole
    43    1952-1953    -59     data set
    68    1952-1954    -58
    69       1955      -51
    70       1956      -46
    71       1957      -47
    72       1958      -45
    73       1959      -37
    74       1960      -42
    75       1961      -24
   115       1962      -26
   109       1963      -22
   110       1964      -23
   106       1965       29
   112       1966       46
   108       1967       34
   111       1968       66
   113       1969       74
   114       1970       70
    96       1972       75
    94       1973       67
    99       1974       70
    92       1975       56
    95       1976       43
    93       1977       54
    91       1978       52
    97       1979       74
    98       1980       73

```

But that doesn't look like much, basically some sort of in integer value for each year. I'm wondering if there is a lot more data typically, such as like you would find in mass spectrometry or crystallography or something. Or if it is literally just an integer or decimal number without anything else (like probability of correctness or other things). Like I'm wondering if the data is much more complicated and would look along the lines of [this](http://www.c14dating.com/agecalc.html):

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/rHzCM.jpg)](http://www.c14dating.com/agecalc.html)

I also found [this](https://mrdata.usgs.gov/radiometric/) which I haven't looked too much into yet. And [this](https://d28rz98at9flks.cloudfront.net/70219/70219.pdf) (which unfortunately is a PDF), which has a bunch of maps. So it seems like the data would be some sort of GIS shapefile or something perhaps.

If it matters, I am interested in particular in fossil radiometric data.

**Tags:** open-data, geochronology, radioactivity, dating

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: The links you post about "radiometric data" are actually not related to geochronology or "dating" of rocks, but are rather geophysical measurements of wavelengths emitted by radioactive elements on the earths surface. IE they are measuring radiation, hence the term "radiometric". This is a common confusion and it is why specialists prefer to use the term "geochronological data" instead.  

---

## 2 answers

### Answer by username_2 on 2018-11-09. Score: 3 | Accepted answer

> It sounds like there are two primary ones:

No, these are not the two "primary ones". The method used depends on what you are dating, and what age you expect it to be.

Radiocarbon dating is relevant to things younger than a few tens of thousands of years, and it's only relevant for things that were living (or growing), and incorporated atmospheric carbon.

Other methods such as U–Pb (the "gold standard" when dating igneous rocks), Rb–Sr, Re–Os, Sm–Nd, K(Ar)–Ar, Lu–Hf, and many more, are used for older things in the millions to billions of years. The one used depends on what you're analysing (Re–Os for sulfide minerals, U–Pb for zircons, Rb–Sr for micas, Sm–-Nd or Lu–Hf for garnets), and what is present in the rock, and what has textural evidence for being preserved.

You might call U–Pb on zircon the "primary" one, because most of the dating is done on zircon. It's robust, easy, gives good ages, quick and relatively cheap.

> First, I am wondering if there are any data formats used for storing the data (which will help with search).

Most U–Pb data is reduced using [IsoPlot](http://bgc.org/isoplot_etc/isoplot.html), so the data will look like something that came out of that software. But in general, no. There is no standardised data format for geochronology, unfortunately.

> And third, if there's not any "centralized repositories" of this sort of data

There are several of those. You can search [EarthChem](http://www.earthchem.org/), that has some geochronological data. Australian government agencies also have some geochronology data in them, for example [GA](http://www.ga.gov.au/data-pubs) or [NTGS](https://geoscience.nt.gov.au/gemis/ntgsjspui/community-list).

> If it matters, I am interested in particular in fossil radiometric data.

Fossils are among the hardest thing to date. If the fossils are relatively young (few thousands of years), there's radiocarbon. Anything older than that, and it becomes much harder. There's [U–Th disequilibrium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium%E2%80%93thorium_dating) series which may work for some slightly older fossils (~1 million years). Anything older than that in deep geological time has to be dated with indirect methods. Finding a database of that is probably wishful thinking, and to understand their dates you need to have some geological background to understand the geological relations and considerations that allow the indirect dating.


---

### Answer by username_1 on 2018-11-08. Score: 1

There are huge datasets of geochronology available in the published literature. Unfortunately there is not one single database because the task is daunting (there are several thousand geochronology labs in the world which typically produce hundreds of ages per year).

Some papers discussing how data should be (and often are) reported are these, for example :

[40Ar/39Ar geochronology](https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/fac/argon/Publications/renne%20et%20al%202009%20QG.pdf)

[U-Pb geochronology](https://www.princeton.edu/geosciences/people/schoene/pdf/4_10_Schoene_UThPb_geochronology.pdf) (with discussion on sources of error)

[U-Series geochronology](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871101416301479)

[This is a nice database (for U-Pb data by a few labs only for parts of the US)](http://www.username_1.org/geochronsearch.php)

[Here is a link to the USGS geochronology database in map format.](https://mrdata.usgs.gov/username_1/map-us.html)


---

