1946 and sold for scrap in December 1946.
Propulsion: Three Union Iron Works boilers, one 2,600bhp Curtis steam turbine with reduction gear, one shaft.
110k Sporting the elaborate stack markings of her owner. The circle on the stack had the word "OILS" in the middle surrounded by the name "Atlantic Refining Co.
388k Photo from the 5 June 1918 edition of the Philadelphia, PA Evening Public Ledger, the headline being "Stung by the Sea Asp"
Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Herbert L. Pratt was acquired from the Atlantic Refining Co. and commissioned at Philadelphia 10 June 1918, Lt. Comdr. A. H. Peterson in command.
Taking on a full cargo of fuel oil, she sailed for France on 30 July, arriving in Brest on 2 September via New York and Halifax. At Brest she discharged her cargo to American destroyers and other ships, returning to New York 28 September. A second transatlantic voyage, from New York to Plymouth, England, occupied Herbert L. Pratt from 17 October to 11 December 1918.
The tanker decommissioned at New York 18 January 1919 and was returned to her former owner.


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text:
Q: Why does my_msg__get_packed_size() return 0 on empty message? I am trying to use the protobuf-c library to send messages in between sockets in C.
Steps to reproduce

*

*Create a .proto file with the messages:

syntax = "proto3";

message MyMsg {}

*Compile it with protoc c_out=. rpc.proto I get my rpc.pb-c.h/c files ready to use.

*Include the header, try to pack an empty message.
int main () {
    MyMsg msg = MY_MSG__INIT;
    size_t buflen = my_msg__get_packed_size(&msg);
    printf("buflen: %zu\n", buflen);
}

prints 0.
Further details
Even if I ignore this and I allocate a larger buffer for packing the msg, the my_msg__pack(buf), function will not write any bytes into the buffer.
If I define a non-empty message, I do get some bytes into the buffer. Still, it seems to me the generated code only packs the body of the message, not the header, indicating the type of the message.
Question
Is there some other API I need to use in order to pack the whole message?

A: Since your message is defined as an empty one, e.g. no fields, the length of the serialized message is, of course, 0. This is true, even if you define a message with some fields, but NOT set any field of the message.
message MyMsg {
  int32 i = 1;  // if you don't call MyMsg::set_i(int), the length of the serialized message is still 0.
}

not the header, indicating the type of the message.

Protobuf does NOT encode meta data, e.g. message type, into the serialized value. Instead, the protobuf definition file is the meta data. That's why you must have a protobuf file, if you want to parse the serialized data.
Also if you have 2 messages with exactly the same definition, you can even parse the serialized data of one message to build another message.
message A {
}

message B {
  // have the same fields definition with A
}

A a;
serialized_data = serialize(a);

B b;
parse(b, serialized_data);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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← The Drums Get Louder – Never Sink and other places
Martha Divine Hole →
Matthews Family Tragedy at Oleoak
Posted on August 7, 2013	by Gclee
The small community of Oleoak has had its share of tragedies, and the neighborhood is imbued with a haunted feeling that is pervasive in its melancholy essence. Home to several family burial grounds, you can also add many untold tragedies from the past that have been forgotten by all but the families of the area.
Among those many tragedies is the tale of Sam Matthews' disappearance and unfortunate demise in late December of 1927. Sam Matthews, age 24, was the son of Mrs. US Matthews, who lived 6 miles east of Glasgow in the Oleoak-Bethel neighborhood. He left his mother's home on Thursday evening, December 29. While others who also lived in the home were at a neighbor's playing cards, Sammy was heard upstairs in the house by his mother. He then went out and his mother didn't know to where.
Mr. and Mrs. Nathan Bowles lived in a house that at that time was on the White's Chapel Road. I've been told the house they lived in is now the present home of Alfred McKinney on AM McKinney Road, which connects with White's Chapel Road and Hwy 90 East. When Mrs. Bowles was throwing out her dishwater, she heard someone walking by, and is was said she always thought it was Sammy she had heard. When Sam never returned home, his mother's neighbors began to search for him. The following morning it was discovered that Sam taken a gun with him when he left.
Sam Matthews was found dead `11 days later in what was known as the Boles, or Foster Cave, on the Sam Wade farm, about a mile from Mrs. Matthews' home. When still searching for Sam, it was said the family went to a fortune-teller to try to help find him. They were told "he was near where the cars were."
This cave was located on the Wade farm, and Robert Wade had traps set there which he checked every day. Matthews' body was found by John Nelson, Milton Snyder, and Calvin Rogers, who had been searching diligently for him since his disappearance. Matthews was lying about 150 ft. from the entrance of the cave, and in order to reach that point, it was necessary to crawl in mud to his body. The lower part of his body was submerged in water and mud, and a gaping hole over his left eye showed how he met his death. The shotgun which he had carried from home was laying to the left of the body, an empty shell in the gun.
The body was brought out of the cave and placed in a wagon that went to the Wade home on Morrison Park Road. On Monday night the body was prepared for burial. Reverend JL Piercy held funeral services on Tuesday at the burial ground then known by the Boles name. Today it is known as the Stout Cemetery, located off of Poplar Springs Road near the famous Martha Devine Hole, on Falling Timber Creek.
It should be noted also that the John Nelson, who was part of the search team, had served as a guide at Mammoth Cave from 1894-1907. He gained fame from his collection of Indian and geological artifacts, part of which now resides in the Mammoth Cave National Park Museum, and some more of it is in the Smithsonian in Washington, DC. After leaving the Cave's employment, Nelson settled in Glasgow and continued his avid hobby of hunting for and collecting artifacts. Later he served as Glasgow's fire chief.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged Bethel ME Church, Bowles family, burial customs, Burkesville Rd, cave lore, Falling Timber Creek, family history, John Nelson, local history, Mammoth Cave, Martha's Divine Hole, Matthews family, Morrison Park, Oleoak KY, Rev JL Piercy, Rogers family, suicides, tragedy, White's Chapel Rd. Bookmark the permalink.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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GHN Exclusive | Global Health | Health Systems | Maternal Health | Pharmaceuticals | Vaccines
One Global Health Leader's Non-Traditional Path
Brian W. Simpson
Marian Wentworth confers with health workers at Soroti Regional Referal Hospital in Mbale, Uganda. (Image: Warren Zelman/MSH)
Marian Wentworth's journey to leading Management Sciences for Health, the global health NGO that works in 36 countries, didn't have a typical beginning.
Her degree? Mathematics. Her first job after college? Working consultant on operations management for Arthur D. Little, Inc. She followed that up with 27 years at the pharmaceutical giant, Merck. While there, she worked her way up from being a research analyst to leading marketing for the cervical cancer vaccine, Gardasil, and ultimately serving as vice president for Merck's global vaccines strategy.
In this first of a 2-part Q&A, Wentworth—MSH's president and CEO since March—shares her thoughts on the pressing need to engage the private sector in global health, the trend towards decentralization, and health systems challenges in low- and middle-income countries.
What do you see as some of the major trends today in global health? Where do you see things going?
One of the things that I see is that new money from donors isn't coming any time soon. Total investment in global health is plateauing and declining depending on what sources you're used to looking at.
That's a mixed blessing. We really have to—as we're looking at global development ideas and initiatives—find ways to deliver value to more than just conventional donors. That might mean when you're talking about health care financing that you bring in private markets and private sector in some way or another. You're learning how to monetize cash out of pocket, et cetera. In any event, I think we have to not only do the right thing but show value to those who are willing to pay for it in one way or another. For me, that's actually also a key to sustainability.
Do you think that the message of delivering value in global health will get traction with the Trump administration?
I think we have traction with Congress. I think we have traction with sectors of the American people. I am not great at playing the game of what's going to happen in politics. I can always hope [but] I guess hope isn't a strategy.
What would you say that most people don't understand about health systems in low and middle income countries?
Let me count the ways. [Laughs.] I think people both miss how much is needed and how much is there. I think it's hard for certain people to envision that a woman who is in her third trimester could easily be a large hike and then a motorcycle ride and then a long truck ride away from a place that has skilled delivery. I think a lot of people actually don't appreciate the logistics of you can really be in the middle of nowhere.
I think on the other side, I think there's a certain belief that … people will do everything the "natural way", which I say in air quotes because it's not safer for a woman to deliver on her own. It's not safer to let diseases just take their course.
For me, getting involved in health system strengthening, I had not been aware of how much actually needs to be done at … the national level in these countries.
One of the things we needed to do in say, the DRC when we start bringing in initiatives to improve supply chain, is we needed to help the MOH actually develop a regulatory framework for approving enough medicine so that you could actually operate under regulatorily approved medicines.
Similarly, in Tanzania we did a program with the [Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation] over I don't know 8 or 10 years of instituting accredited drug sellers. We first needed to come up with an accreditation program and a training program. Then identify money so that these individuals could start their little tiny kiosks. By the time we were done we had thousands and thousands of drug sellers in places that nobody else would be, dispensing antibiotics and contraception and other basic nutrition for infants. Basic things that otherwise these little places would have no health care whatsoever.
Let's talk about decentralization in health ministries. In Indonesia, for example, the health ministry has undergone a huge decentralization process. What I've heard is this actually makes things much more challenging because at the district level they're getting, "Okay, here are your funds. You decide what to do with them." Do you see that decentralization is a larger trend in other countries?
Absolutely. I saw decentralization either happening or being talked about in every country that I went to and maybe even the country that I live in.
In Geneva we heard plenty of that. The problem with that is if you've got 50 regions in your country, you've now created essentially 50 different Ministries of Health. Probably 2 of them are going to do a great job and another four of them will do a great job in whatever is of their interest. A bunch of other folks are going to be lost and juggling health care against their other priorities like infrastructure or water or whatever else they're doing.
You're creating, really, an opportunity for worse health care services than you had before. What I have not seen … in the places where I have [been] is that the ministries really have a lot of ability to help regions use these … block grants. As I understand it, decentralization is not all that new. I haven't looked at the trends around decentralization. I'm not surprised it's not new, though, because the politics of it are just universal and enduring.
Right. Let people at the local level decide for themselves.
There's a good argument for closer to the need, closer to the action. The problem is things like health care also require very strong technical skills and getting folks to the point where they universally have the right technical skills to do those things is hard.
Is there a solution to that?
We have to take people where they are. I can spend a lot of time thinking about what forces got them there, but in the end, we go into places where it's hard to work and where we have to roll up our sleeves and figure out how to make it happen. With the decentralization, we've got to ... figure out how we can help build the capacity of that intermediate layer too.
Obviously you know a lot about vaccines from your history at Merck. How do you see where things are headed now in terms of access and development of new vaccines from a global perspective? Are you optimistic in terms of where things are headed?
Yeah. Actually, I am. I think the creation of Gavi was an amazing thing that changed accessibility of vaccines a great deal. They're going through a phase now of trying to figure out what happens with not the poorest of the poor countries as they improve economically and start to graduate out of being in their category of the lowest income nations around the world.
I think one solution to it has been cultivating new manufacturers in parts of the world. I think that has both built more volume for the planet, but also lowered prices for certain key vaccines a great deal. That's in the existing vaccine front. When it comes to new vaccines for various diseases, they're hard. They're really hard. I think Bill Gates himself has publicly expressed his frustration. Vaccines are not easy to develop. They have to be infinitely safe compared to any other kind of medicine. They are not just another medicine. Vaccines go into broader populations of people who are healthy now.
It's got to be right, right, right, right, right before it goes into a little baby. That's a responsibility that many of us take very, very seriously.
Ed. Note: In Part II of this Q&A, Wentworth discusses her leadership style, what it's like managing a large multinational NGO and advice for students interested in global health.
Wentworth's Q&A is the first of an occasional GHN series of interviews with global health leaders.
Join the thousands of subscribers who rely on Global Health NOW summaries and exclusive articles for the latest public health news. Sign up for our free weekday enewsletter, and please share the link with friends and colleagues.
Secondary Topic
Cholera Clue
"A Really Big Change": Global Health Leader Marian Wentworth
Sylvia Vriesendorp
Thanks for the interview, I look forward to part 2. One comment about decentralization, which as Marian noted can go right or wrong, but with chances to go wrong stacked high against things going well. What I have observed as a missing skill is the ability to hold conversations coolly - meaning, when entering the realm of politics (who gets what), to be able to hold a space in which people can listen to each other and develop a level of trust that is real and powerful. When trust arrives uncertainty is reduced and people can start to think creatively, as the need to protect and defend is reduced (we know that military spending trumps - pardon the word - spending on more creative, productive and uplifting endeavours).
Exclusive Commentary: Shaping a New Era for Middle East Health Systems
Exclusive Commentary: Challenges in Port Harcourt
Exclusive Commentary: Breast Cancer in Africa
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Parkhurst Field
by Jennifer Mazur· June 04, 2015· in Museums· 0 comments tags: baseball, F. J. & G., gloversville, history, JAG's, museum, Parkhurst
For over one hundred years, baseball has been played on the Parkhurst Field grounds. Parkhurst Field opened on July 12, 1906 as the A.,J.&G Baseball Park and home of the professional New York State League's JAGs (Johnstown-Amsterdam-Gloversville), the Park was owned by the F.J.&G. Railroad and would become a popular stop on railroad line (now the Rail Trail) located just beyond the left field wall of the grounds. 'JAG' Park was designed by F.L. Comstock and built by E.A. Satterlee for $3,088 on six acres of land leased from C.W. Judson on Harrison Street, midway between Gloversville and Johnstown, NY. Sam Lucas, a Gloversville native, built the actual baseball diamond and later was asked to take charge of the NY Giant's Polo Grounds and also built the grounds at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh in 1909. JAG' Park once featured a grandstand which accommodated 1500 spectators and its location was convenient for MLB players and many of the world's premier teams to play barnstorming exhibition games…. Cy-Young-1903The Boston (Red Sox) Americans played a game here en route to Detroit on July 5, 1907 with their player/manager, Hall of Fame pitcher Cy Young. On July 24, 1907, Hall of Fame great Honus […]


The Human Rights Council is a United Nations intergovernmental body whose mandate is to strengthen the promotion and protection of human rights around the globe, and to make recommendations on cases of human rights violations. The Council is made up of 47 member states, as elected by the UN General Assembly.
The Council works closely with the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), headed by the High Commissioner for Human Rights, who is the principal human rights official of the United Nation.
Freedom of expression and privacy in the online space are two of the issues covered by the Council in its activities. These have been discussed at UNHRC sessions, and covered in resolutions adopted by the Council, as well as in reports elaborated by the special rapporteurs appointed by the Council. The Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression has issued reports on issues such as: the use of encryption and anonymity to exercise the rights to freedom of opinion and expression in the digital age; states' surveillance of communications on the exercise of the human rights to privacy and to freedom of opinion and expression; the right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet; etc. The Special Rapporteur on the righ to privacy has within its mandate the responsibility to make recommendations for the promotion and protection of the right to privacy, including in connection with challenges arising from new technologies.
UN Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression, David Kaye, published the 2018 thematic report to the Human Rights Council on content regulation. The report(link is external) is the first to examine the regulation of user-general online content, as it makes recommendations for both states and companies, particularly about fake news, disinformation, and online extremism.
The session was organised by Hermes Equity Ownership Services and DLA Piper, and moderated by Ms Sarah Ellington (Legal Director, DLA Piper), who introduced the paper 'Supply Chain Human Rights Risk Management: Blockchain And Emerging Technology' as a starting point for the discussion. The question that the session aimed to answer was, 'Is it possible to do proper human rights due diligence across supply chains?'; and tried to address the possible role that technology could play in facilitating it. Technology in itself is not the answer: it has to work and implement the efficacy of existing systems. During the first part of the session, the panellists explained the status quo of current practices, while in the second part they focused on the application of technology as a means and tool to reinforce human rights due diligence in the supply chain.
Mr Darcy Hoogewerf (Product and Business Analyst, Everledger) gave an overview of how blockchain works. Blockchain is a distributed and immutable technology in which data is put into interconnected blocks. Keeping in mind that supply chains are quite often unstructured, the use of blockchain technologies can address the challenge of creating a structure in such processes in two main ways. First, it would allow for understanding the object of the chain, its owner and the specificities of the process. Second, it would implement transparency in the transaction analysis recording, such as for example, all the information related to moment the certificate of origin was created.
Dr Nicholas Garrett (Group CEO, RCS Global Group) talked about the current practices in place. The market is dominated by big companies actively looking for better implementation of human rights in the supply chain; however, in global terms, most companies are doing very little. To complement this picture, many companies work with industry associations and only some of them are very proactive. He argued that there is a need to solve the issue of not having full visibility in the supply chain; to this extent, it should be noticed that technology can implement the collection and analysis of quantitative data, however, qualitative data crucially depends on human activities and analysis.
With regards to the application of technology to the informal process of a supply chain, he explained that there is a need to find a way to obtain data and verify responsible processes. This would allow for the establishment of a data driven picture of what needs reform and improvement.
Ms Claire Gavini (Engagement, Hermes Investment Management) talked from the perspective of investment about the supply chain's status quo and its relative gaps and challenges. She argued that regional legislations play a role in raising human rights issues; nonetheless, traceability remains a challenge in many cases. Investors look for the identification of the risks in the supply chain and manage them in an effective way. To this extent, collaboration would be the key to effectively address such challenges. When it comes to the application of technology to the process, she explained that it could implement the background analysis. Indeed, investors are increasingly monitoring companies practices on human rights from the perspective of risk management, as well as from the point of view of impact , in order to put in place better working practices for the working community.
Respect for human rights sits at the heart of the performance expectations, based on the requirements for sustainable development. In this context, creating a good framework for human rights due diligence is based on the establishment of relationships with the community. When doing it, a question should be kept in mind: are we really implementing what we understand good practice to be? To this extent, the use of blockchain technologies can implement the diagnosis of systemic structural issues. Nonetheless, the features of each process make it difficult to automatically apply the framework on a large scale.
The session was organised by the Global Network Initiative (GNI) and moderated by Mr Mark Stephen (Independent Board Chair, Global Network Initiative). Mr Bennett Freeman (Board of Directors, GNI) opened the discussion and referred to the GNI Principles and Implementation Guidelines which provide some guidance to the public when it comes to human rights due diligence. Other guidance has been provided by the Institute for Human Rights and Business, as well as Business for Social Responsibility.
Mr Dunstan Allison-Hope (Managing-Director, Business for Social Responsibility (BSR)) spoke about the importance of focusing on the users that are the most exposed to risks in the information and communications techonology (ICT) sector, such as human rights defenders. He noted that while conducting human rights assessments, the perspective of risks and what was perceived as due diligence obligations varied from one place to another.
Mr Alex Warofka (Product Policy Manager, Human Rights and Freedom of Expression at Facebook) explained that Facebook tries to implement due diligence processes and monitors them through direct user research on user experience on the platform, asking users about their products. The results are then interpreted not only through human rights due diligence, but also a product lens to optimise privacy and human rights protection by design.
Regarding the risks, Warofka mentioned an example in which Facebook had taken down accounts of senior military officials in Denmark who had participated in human rights abuses offline. They faced public backlash because they had not consulted with human rights defenders on the ground. However, the decision was conscious so as to not endanger the defenders and risk exposing them to backlash from the military for denouncing the actions of the military officials.
According to Warofka, it is almost impossible to create new software and tools that fully comply with due diligence standards in all the markets it penetrates. For this reason, all stakeholders must work together to point out flaws and find sustainable solutions. Additionally, Warofka mentioned the difficulties of conducting human rights assessments on a global scale due to country specific regulations, which is why Facebook is implementing due diligence in its processes by design.
Ms Nicole Karlbach (Global Head, Business & Human Rights, Oath) said that when Yahoo! acquired the social media platform Tumblr, the company recognised the importance of implementing human rights due diligence mechanisms.
The company's business and human rights team, which is part of the legal team, has since been growing. The team works in close contact with the other departments and engages with different partners to monitor due diligence and their results are publicly available.
Karlbach noted that Yahoo!'s participation in the GNI also reinforced the company's commitment to its principles.
Ms Meg Roggensack (Interim Executive Director, International Corporate Accountability Roundtable (ICAR)) pointed out that technical equipment also has to be considered along with the other ICT related services. She also reiterated the important role of multistakeholder approaches given that today's challenges are a shared problem and require a range of combined solution strategies. Multistakeholderism can help to identify international frameworks and adapt them to different sectors.
The session was organised by the German Institute for Human Rights and moderated by Mr Christopher Schuller (German Institute for Human Rights). The forum was not a panel discussion, but a debating exercise in which the speakers did not represent their own ideas nor those of their organisations. It followed the British parliamentary debate format: Four speakers took the floor - two in support of - and two in opposition to - the question, 'Are tech companies a threat to human rights?'.
Ms Isabel Ebert (University of St. Gallen) and Ms Coraline Ada Ehmke (Software engineer and creator, Contributor Covenant) both agreed that tech companies are a threat to human rights, while Mr Faris Natour (Co-Founder and Principal, Article One) and Mr Luis Neves (Managing Director and CEO, Global Enabling Sustainability Initiative (GeSI)) argued against this statement, saying that tech companies are not a threat to human rights.
The argument supporting the idea that tech companies are a threat to human rights identified tech companies as the perseverance of capitalism at the expense of the protection of human rights. The argument states that through active or passive actions, tech companies are perpetuating the framework of power and oppression. To this extent, states are not capable of regulating them and their services effectively. Indeed, an example of this is shown by algorithms which are not neutral, but maintain human biases in search engines. Moreover, it was argued that tech platforms are guilty of not preventing the abuse of technology that has influenced elections during the last few years. Furthermore, there is an ignorance of the power that comes with the so called data-driven management. Human rights are defined and limited by tech companies, abusing transparency and fairness, and reinforcing human biases through technology. Finally, the Surveillance Innovation Complex is the most disruptive and dangerous threat to human rights, posed by the activities of tech companies.
The argument opposing the idea that tech companies are a threat to human rights identifies four levels of responsibility: political, corporate, external, and individual. Moreover, technology can help address the following areas of concern. For instance, the fight against climate change can benefit from new technologies and their ability to create new means for collaboration and engagement without making people travel from one place to another. The management of resources represents another aspect that should be considered through the lens of the positive impact of technology, enabling engagement at low to no price. Moreover, with regard to the increase of inequalities, it should be noted that it is not only companies' responsibility. Finally, it was noted that a major challenge faced by tech companies and human rights is related to artificial intelligence (AI). Despite the last concerns, technology has been a good turnpoint for human rights: new digital tools implement connectivity and engagement; AI has improved education and health; and crimes such as slavery and human trafficking can be better identified through the use of information and communications technology (ICT). Thus, it was argued that it is crucial to understand the benefits of technology and re-stress the importance of digital trust and responsibility. There is a need to make sure that principles are respected and that people trust the technology.
The sessions was organised by the Business and Human Rights Resource Centre and the International Corporate Accountability Roundtable (ICAR). The moderator, Mr Phil Bloomer (Executive Director, Business & Human Rights Resource Centre), noted that we live in a world of extreme inequality in which power is not only attributed to the wealthiest, but also translated into forms of ownership and knowledge of data. He said that in facing the challenge of overcoming this inequality, the question about which direction we will take with regards to technology and data is essential. Knowing that there are two prominent views of the impact of technology on human rights: the dystopian vision of technology reinforcing the rift in society; and the utopian vision that sees technology empowering the most vulnerable populations.
Ms Meg Roggensack (Interim Executive Director, International Corporate Accountability Roundtable (ICAR)) explained that her work focuses mostly on the bottom of the supply chain, given that automation is accelerating so quickly that it increases social divides to the detriment of workers and weakens their bargaining positions.
Ms Abby Meaders-Henderson (Legal & Policy Fellow, ICAR) said that her research focuses on low-skilled labourers and pointed out that a lot of discussions about the impact of automation are focused on workers in the Globa- North. However, in her view, the impact of technology on low-skilled and manual labour are likely to be felt much earlier and to a greater degree in the Global-South, which puts these workers at a more immediate risk. Given that automation strongly affects repetitive, assembly line type of tasks that companies usually outsource to countries with weaker labour protection frameworks, it is important to strengthen workers' positions by giving them the resources to strengthen their bargaining positions and help them protect themselves from the impact of potential job losses and shifting resource allocations. She further noted that vulnerable populations such as women, young workers, and migrants are disproportionately affected by these developments.
Meaders-Henderson pointed out that each stakeholder has a role to play in making sure that the transition to increasing automation happens equitably.
Mr Rob Johnston (Assistant Secretary-General of the ITF, International Transport Workers' Federation) explained that workers in the transportation sector are not necessarily against automation, but rather that they need to be convinced of its benefits and reassured of their role regarding automated tasks.
Johnston also noted that automation is not inevitable but that it is a policy choice and therefore its consequences need to be thought through. He recognised that technology has been of great value to increase the safety of transportation workers and that the desire for automation is strong in certain sectors. However, he also said that the perceived threat of automation is very context specific and dependent of the type of job that technology might replace.
Mr Philippe-André Rodriguez (Senior Advisor, Global Affairs Canada's Center for International Digital Policy) noted that one of the main things that governments can do in the automation debate is to listen to, and engage with, the stakeholders. They need to reach out to vulnerable populations and find solutions to the impact that automation will have on their livelihoods.
Rodriguez introduced Canada's Open Government Partnership which recognises the importance of setting the right culture in the discussions by making it clear that the debate of automation and human rights needs to be a race to the top in terms of rights protection. Governments therein can lead by example and adopt policies that recognise the importance of this premise. As a result of these open consultations, Canada has already drafted a Directive on Automated Decision-Making which includes a framework providing governmental oversight and audit procedures.
Ms Padmini Ranganathan (Global Vice President, Products & Innovation, SAP Ariba) mentioned the Skill Shift: Automation and the future of workforce discussion paper published by McKensey Global Institute according to which companies will increase their gains through worker displacement, wherein manual jobs are most at risk. The replacement of workers and wage saving will be turned into profits for the companies.
According to Ranganathan, brands and original equipment manufacturers (OEM) must identify risk factors through available data and apply it countermeasures throughout their supply chain. Companies must develop strategies for job shifts in collaboration with governments and civil society.
New ways must be found to redistribute the profits from wage savings in the from of community trainings and other measures. All stakeholders must do their part in reducing the potential conflicts arising from income polarisation and societal divides as well as finding mechanisms to reward businesses who are leading efforts for human rights due diligence in the context of automation.
Encouraging public policies to modernise social safety nets.
However, it must be recognised that training programmes need to take labourers' skills into account and not simply focus on providing lessons.
Mr Yousuf Aftab (Principal, Enodo Rights) introduced the Just Transition framework. He noted that the UN Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights are not clear on whether automation and the relocation of workers is a useful practice. Aftab also noted that the impacts of automation.
The Just Transition framework takes into account that the impacts of automation are systemic. While it was developed to tackle environmental challenges its concepts can also be applied to automation and human rights due diligence. The framework contains provisions to: assess, and engage with and empower workers; to regulate; to create new social safety nets; foster community and encourage sound investment as deliberate policy choices.
Another panellist spoke about the lessons to be learned from the dissolved Multifiber Arrangement which ended apparel quotas.
The session was organised by Business for Social Responsibility (BSR) and Article One. It was co-moderated by Mr Dunstan Allison-Hope (Managing Director, Business for Social Responsibility (BSR)) and Mr Faris Natour (Co-Founder and Principal, Article One). In his opening remarks, Allison-Hope mentioned the risks related to artificial intelligence (AI) in relation to the complexity of the deployed technology. He further noted the speed with which developments take place in the field, the uncertainty connected to AI developments, and how human rights protection mechanisms can be implemented within these evolutions. Natour highlighted that we are already in the middle of AI driven transformations and that AI is already being used in many sectors and in tools such as translation apps, face recognition, and search engine algorithms.
Ms Hibah Kamal-Grayson (Public Policy Manager, Human Rights and Internet Governance, Google) said that at its core, AI is an adaptive technology which is already used in various fields, such as spam detection, as well as for more complex issues such as wildfire predictions.
She highlighted that Google abides by the existing laws, but that also respects the principles set out by the Global Network Initiative and its internal AI principles published in June 2018. Kamal-Grayson recognised that while Google works according to its own principles, they can be expanded upon and that they are a good starting point. She further pointed out that core tensions arise from the difficulty of developing all encompassing due diligence standards, while designing them in a way to make them enforceable. 'No one stakeholder, no one sector will be able to figure out this challenge by itself'.
Ms Eimear Farrell (Advocate and Advisor, Technology and Human Rights, Amnesty Tech, Amnesty International) spoke about the UN Global Compact's - Project Breakthrough which aims to analyse how AI can help to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDG).
Farrell identified the increasing implementation of human rights language in AI principles rather than the referencing of ethical standards as a very positive development in the field. According to her, the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights needs to adapt to, and incorporate, technological developments of AI. Keeping in mind the Declaration of Human Rights, Farrell mentioned that it was very innovative when it was first adopted, and that new frameworks for AI also need to be bold. Therein, she also saw a role for civil society to engage with companies and not just call them out on human rights abuses.
Mr Steve Crown (Deputy General Counsel, Human Rights, Microsoft) said that ethics and human rights language are both included in Microsoft's guiding principles, but that which classification was highlighted most also depended on the audience.
Through human rights impact assessments, Microsoft has tried to figure out where its responsibility lies when thinking about its entire value chain. He mentioned the need to give AI users guidance, similar to the instructions for use of medicine, in order to inform them about the appropriate uses and limitations of the technology. Given the adaptive nature of AI, simply accessing the source code of certain algorithms is insufficient to understand certain processes. It is therefore important to inform the users about the potential uses of the technology they are using.
Ms Sabrina Rau (Senior Research Officer, Big Data and Technology Project, School of Law Human Rights Centre, University of Essex) explained that while AI learns and adapts through algorithms, data and big data are the elements fueling the technology and should thus be given more attention. According to Rau, due diligence for human rights must be respected at all stages of the value chains given that wrongful or skewed data can lead to unwanted outcomes. Data must therefore also be monitored and managed along the value chain. Rau also mentioned the importance of due diligence of business relationships and ensuring transparency throughout the processes.
Ms Kelli Schlegel (Manager, Human Rights, Intel) said that in order to implement privacy by design, it needs to be a core concern for companies. As technology is increasingly widespread, more issues are coming to light. Developers must therefore be trained in human rights protection and due diligence mechanisms in order to understand how their creations can impact them and how to develop technology that operates within the boundaries of due diligence. Schlegel also mentioned that implementing due diligence is often easier in existing processes than when designing new applications. However, once the diligence phase is in place, having a review board or a way for employees to raise concerns regarding the respect of human rights need to be implemented.
Mr Minwoo Kim (Research Professor, Korea University Human Rights Center) explained that AI carries many risks, as it amplifies privacy issues due to the data it collects and requires to function. The trend of decentralisation only increases these difficulties. Kim further noted that privacy by design only provides protection for one human right, but that due diligence should take the entirety of the human rights framework into account.
Ms Olga DiPretoro (Program Officer, Winrock International) spoke about developments in which the due diligence role for companies has been reinforced, and mentioned the example of the US Tariff Act which requires companies to prove continuous monitoring of their value chains.
According to DiPretoro, data checks need to be enhanced in order to reinforce due diligence mechanisms. Companies' data has so far been assessed individually and the data and the results of its analyses are not being shared within the industry. She pointed to duplications of efforts because audit results were not shared, thereby limiting companies' abilities to make improvements. She urged for an improvement of business and civil society collaboration on information sharing that will allow consistent analysis.
A representative from SAP mentioned that AI is good for discovering patterns and making improvements to processes. According to him, human rights should be viewed as a business process that starts with the fundamental commitment of the UN's Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. While the commitment to these principles does not involve AI directly it is a crucial step for the respect of due diligence. He noted that AI can provide help in assessing actual and potential impacts of businesses and human rights by predicting risks or visualise relationships between suppliers and customers. Therein, AI can be used to monitor value chain processes, ongoing interactions of communities and their application of AI technology, and analysing contracts and other legal documents to identify weak human rights protection mechanisms. This information can then be used in a collaborative framework and used to benchmark businesses' performances.
The side event was organised by Privacy International and the International Network of Civil Liberties Organizations, with the support of the governments of Austria, Brazil, Liechtenstein, Mexico and Germany. The event focused on recent developments on the international and national levels, with regards to the protection of the confidentiality of communications and of personal data.
The event started with opening remarks from the Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations and the Permanent Mission of Germany to the United Nations, and was followed by a panel discussion, moderated by Ms Elizabeth Farries (International Network of Civil Liberties Organizations).
The first panellist, Ms Nathalie Prouvez (Chief, Rule of Law and Democracy Section, OHCHR), focused her speech on the Report of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on 'The right to privacy in the digital age', published in August 2018. Prouvez explained the topics covered in the report and discussed the responsibility of states in particular. She argued that significant obstacles continue to be in the way of the right to privacy in the digital age, and that states should create more robust and comprehensive legislation, keeping in mind the human rights laws. All victims of violations must have access to remedy mechanisms, including cross-boarder ones. Moreover, mechanisms for independent oversights should be implemented to ensure the legality and proportionality of surveillance measures. Finally, she encouraged businesses to enhance their activity in compliance with human rights laws, as well as for a collaborative effort with the public sector.
The second panellist, Mr Martin Ray Taban Mavenjina (Kenya Human Rights Commission), discussed the current issues of intelligence sharing. He structured his speech around the findings of the report 'Unanswered Questions: international Information Sharing'. He argued that there are: insufficient laws governing how intelligence sharing agreements are formed and operate; insufficient government oversights and review of agency agreements; and finally, insufficient transparency and access to information about the agreements.
The third panellist, Mr Leandro Ucciferri (Asociación por los Derechos Civiles), talked about the implications of Biometrics for human rights. He argued that biometric data plays a huge role in the way we represent our identity with technologies. Furthermore, biometric data features two main characteristics: it is public and cannot be changed. Biometric data, such as finger prints, the pictures we upload online, the way we talk or walk, is indeed public and accessible to all. Governments are creating massive database containing the biometric data of their citizens and it represents a security concern because these databases are centralised and represent a point of entry that could be subject to attacks. The collection of large amount of personal data also affects the concept of presumption of innocence: indeed, when needed for analysis, all the data available is scanned for comparison. However, biometric data should also be analysed from another perspective: the way technologies are developed from the private sector. Indeed, the collection and analysis of data is affected by those who develop the systems we use in our daily lives, inevitably perpetuating biases.
The fourth panellist, Ms Elonnai Hickok (Centre for Internet and Society), talked about the intersection between artificial intelligence (AI) and privacy. AI has been defined in different ways according to the degree of narrowness with which experts look at it. It has challenged the perception of the online and offline world as two separate entities. Moreover, she underlined that AI is increasingly taking intelligent and autonomous decisions, raising safety concerns and considerations about the unexpected harm these decisions might create.
The final panellist, Ms Ailidh Callander (Privacy International), talked about data protection principles. Considering that more and more data is available in our digital world, the exploitation of such data could have an impact on the protection of human rights; indeed, it could threaten democracy. Data protection regulations (there are more than 100 different regulations worldwide) need to ensure transparency and include the perspective of civil society. Principles, rights and obligations on data protection should be the ground floor for the use of personal data and not the ceiling.
The meeting started with a general debate about item 4. on the agenda of the Human Rights Council – Human rights situations that require the Councils attention. Representatives from non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and advocacy groups raised concerns about human rights situations that require the Council's attention, such as but not limited to, refugee situations, the rights of children and indigenous peoples, the protection of children and refugees from torture and violence, violence and discrimination against women and girls, freedom of the press, humanitarian law violations, separation of immigrant children from their parents, and human rights violations in Myanmar, Rwanda, Kashmir, Bahrain, Tibet, Egypt, Vietnam, South Sudan, the Sub-Saharan region, Venezuela, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, and Nicaragua. Underlining the violation of human rights in digital space, Article 19 expressed concerns about the new shape of online censorship and the regressive legislation that allows for extra-judicial blocking, filtering and 24-hour take-down notices, putting pressure on media outlets to self-censor.
Since 2012, the Forum on Business and Human Rights has become the world's biggest event on business and human rights. It was established by the Human Rights Council with resolution 17/4, in which it also endorsed the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, implementing the United Nations 'Protect, Respect and Remedy'. The mandate of the forum is to implement the guiding principles, to promote dialogue and co-operation on topics related to business and human rights. It must be noted that the forum attracts multiple stakeholder groups from state delegations, the business sector, civil society, academia, national human rights institutions, and international organsations. The theme of the 2017 forum was 'Realizing access to effective remedy', and aimed to tackle the gaps and shortcomings in current efforts, and promote emerging good practices and innovations to ensure access to effective remedy for victims of adverse human rights impacts of business-related activities. The multistakeholder discussion underlined the 3rd pillar of the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: State-based judicial mechanisms, state-based non-judicial grievance mechanisms, and non-state-based grievance mechanisms. The Chair then navigated the discussion to issues related to human rights defenders and the role of business; to the connection between the 'Protect, Respect and Remedy' pillars and the sustainable development goals (SDGs); to the implementation of gender balance in both sate and business practice; and the interplay between new technology and business and human rights.
With regards to cross-border cases of human rights abuses, enforcement efforts such as anti-bribery and environmental protection should be implemented.
Discussions in the forum raised the need for greater effectiveness of domestic public law regimes. Moreover, crucial gaps, challenges and discrimination against rights holders or indigenous people across regions and industries still exist. There is a need to change the mindset of businesses and the state economy policy framework, from a race to the bottom' to 'a race to the top'. Furthermore, it must be noted that states should not look at human rights as 'speed breakers to economic development'. The forum has become a means for dialogue across all stakeholder groups and a platform to launch initiatives and engage partners with them. The 2018 forum will take place from 26 to 28 November and it will focus on 'Business respect for human rights – building on what works'.
The event was hosted by Privacy International and the Association for Progressive Communications, with the support of the Privacy in the Digital Age Core Group (Austria, Brazil, Germany, Liechtenstein, and Mexico) to discuss data intensive systems and their implications for the right to privacy. The massive rise in the use of data is at the core of governments' initiatives and policy implementations. Furthermore, governments need to recognise the role of the private sector for encouraging, enabling and sustaining their efforts.
The event was built around the 2017 Human Rights resolution on the rights to privacy in the digital age, and on the role of big data, open data and human rights, as stressed by the UN special rapporteur on the right to privacy at the opening of the UN General Assembly this year, and the presentation of the final report.
The event was moderated by Ms Deborah Brown, Association for Progressive Communications, and started with an introductory statement by Amb. Antje Leendertse, permanent representative of Germany to the UN, underling the evolutions and achievements of the right to privacy on the international scene since 2013, and recalling the importance of working closely with civil society both in Geneva and New York.
Amb. Maria Nazareth Farani Azevêdo, permanent representative of Brazil to the UN, followed bystating that it is the duty of the Digital Age Core Group to address the privacy issue in a comprehensive human rights framework. She argued that the right to privacy is strictly related to other human rights and it can affect them as well. She opened the panellist discussion by asking: how is it possible to protect human rights in the digital age to impact the future of our society?
Ms Malavika Jayaram, executive director of Digital Asia Hub, opened the panel discussion with an insightful overview of the developing situation in India with their biometric ID system. She highlighted privacy issues related to the collection of data by the Indian national identity system, Aadhaar, as well as the Indian Supreme Court's statement: the right to the body is not an absolute one. Jayaram argued that technology can empower and exclude at the same time, and said that the following practical examples: data collected about DNA, vein mapping, and iris scans among others, may have implications on immigration, employment, welfare and benefits, but most importantly, this data could be used in the same way as was done for criminals in the past. Furthermore, data is collected in a centralised database, vulnerable to attacks and infiltrations.
India is facing a divide in digital literature. Part of its population does not even understand these tools, how they work, or their implications.
There is a growing unhealthy alliance between the government and the private sector, which is mainly responsible for the collection of data. Thus, ordinary people are the most vulnerable in the chain.
The data collected is extremely sensitive and cannot be changed, as is the case with passwords and credentials.
Finally, the panellist stated that the biometric ID system affects the weakest: people do not get access to hospitals or food because of their records, thus their right to life is threatened.
The second panellist was Mr Francisco Vera, Privacy International, who argued about the relationship between the state and its citizens in the context of smart cities. The question he tried to address was: how are decisions made, and what values are put in these decisions?
What tech companies are pushing for is the concept of improving people's lives and the ability of governments to deliver better services. However, this must be created by the constant implementation of major mechanisms for data collection.
The use of devices such as drones and cameras can trace what a person does instead of monitoring the city. This would have a direct impact on individuals' human rights.
Data collected is owned by private companies that can use the data for other purposes than the those agreed to.
There is a hidden but reliable issue of social segregation with the use of such tools.
Finally, there is the exclusion of all the people that do not have access to technology or who are not literate.
Since it is becoming more and more a marketing issue, it has been suggested that governments should try to minimise the collection of data, balancing the city policing and surveillance needs, while respecting rights of all the stakeholders involved.
An inevitable marginalisation of all people who do not have access to, or can afford this technology, meaning that they cannot communicate through these means.
Registration systems erode individual fundamental rights.
From a civil society perspective, Jacob proposed a trade-off in two points. First, the government should provide a proper forum to discuss the issues. Second, if the issue is addressed, it has to comply with international data protection standards.
A public dropbox in which citizens can share their documents.
There is a distinction between citizens and users: when you have direct relations with the government you are a citizen. But in the Digital Citizens Services, people lose some legal guarantees for the rights.
The is a changing economic asset because of the involvement of the private sector in providing the services.
There is an institutional and public lack of contextualised discussion. When private actors start to manage this data, they lose the public background. This is related to the lack of participation, because the sector that could provide expertise, does not have a voice in the discussion.
Mr Joseph Cannataci, the UN special rapporteur on the right to privacy, concluded the panel by addressing the issues raised by providing his expertise and field experience. He stated that 'We are walking into a surveillance society'. Following the discussion on SIM card registration, he recalled the achievements in the protection of privacy in the European Union.
On medical records, he argued against an open and big data framework and mentioned the unsuccessful experience of Australia in sharing 10% of its citizens' medical data, whose anonymity was soon unmasked. Finally, he recalled the growing discussion on phenomena such as data extractivism, data carving and Google urbanism, as well as reflecting on the business models behind smart cities. He also recalled the European General Data Protection Regulation becoming obsolete because of the data it norms: big data, in his opinion, is the end of specific purposes all the norms are about.
He then opened the floor for comments or consideration with a provocative question: 'Is this the kind of world we want to live in?'.
Final comments underlined the nature of technology that improves our lives while posing important challenges to human rights in the digital age. A representative from Sweden stressed the struggle that humanitarian operations face in understanding and respecting the extent of people's rights in the collection of data in immigration issues. In addition, Jayaram mentioned the use of biometric data by the UN for developing banking programmes while stating the two generally agreed perspectives: first, it does not count who owns the data but who controls it; and second, data is not the new oil, but the new challenging environment. Finally, Cannataci underlined the links between privacy, autonomy and data protection.
The event which was co-hosted by the Permanent Missions of Bangladesh, France, Japan, India, the Philippines and Vietnam, and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), was opened and moderated by Amb. Duong Chi Dung of the Permanent Mission of Vietnam.
He emphasised the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) set by the UN 2030 Agenda for sustainable development.
The discussion was opened with questions regarding the ways and possibilities for ICTs to help promote economic, social and cultural rights. The discussion then went on to identify the challenges of investing in ICT infrastructure; and measures that could help achieve widespread access to ICTs globally. Furthermore, questions about how to better promote joint ICT actions, as well as the possibilities for UN agencies to advance ICT issues in eradicating poverty were raised.
Chi Dung stated that Vietnam ranks among the 50 countries most affected by ICT-related changes, with 53% of the Vietnamese population using the Internet and being active on social networks. The country focuses on continuously developing the accessibility of services to its citizens through e-government initiatives and the establishment of databases. Key challenges remain in the area of ICT literacy, as they do not want to leave anyone behind, and infrastructure.
The ambassador mentioned the potential of ICTs in enhancing farming and fishing in the country. According to him, the implementation of technology in these areas will not disrupt production, but rather, encourage young farmers and fishermen to increase their productivity. He also pointed to the potential gains for these professions by being able to have real-time access to market information and thereby increase profit margins.
The Minister of Gender and Family of the Maldives, Ms Zenysha Shaheed Zaki, stated that the Maldives have one of the highest penetration rates among Internet users in Asia. The country pays particular attention to developing a widespread ICT infrastructure to alleviate the limitations imposed by its geography (http://www.itu.int/net/itunews/issues/2011/06/22.aspx). Therefore, services such as e-learning are used to train teachers situated all over the archipelago and new systems are being elaborated in order to facilitate the tasks of social workers. The Maldives embrace the opportunities that the 4th industrial revolution has brought along, especially for developing countries and geographically dispersed countries.
The Permanent Representative of the Permanent Mission of India, Amb. Rajiv Kumar Chander, presented the advances made in India, tracing its implementation of ICTs back to 1976 when the country's space programme was created. According to Chander, India's success in incorporating ICTs into large parts of the country and the rapid growth in the use of ICTs that the country is currently witnessing, was spurred by the Digital India Programme (http://www.digitalindia.gov.in/content/about-programme). The ambassador also identified the development of infrastructure and cybersecurity to be major challenges. In addition to these problems, India is also faced with a lack availability of online services in the local languages.
The Permanent Representative of the Permanent Mission of Japan, Amb. Junichi Ihara, spoke about the interest of addressing ICTs and human rights together. He further elaborated on the need for a deeper co-operation between UN agencies regarding these topics, and about developping a more cross-cutting approach.
According to Ihara, developing countries are enabled by ICTs and will eventually be able to skip certain steps of development by utilising the advances made by technology. He also foresaw the potential for developing countries to exceed certain developed countries in specific ICT related areas and named the widespread use of FinTech applications in Kenya as an example.
Japan's government is helping developing countries create and maintain ICT infrastructures. Ihara identified foreign investment as a catalyst for the roll-out of infrastructure while also mentioning the importance of private investments and the role of the private sector in developing reliable structures.
The Deputy Permanent Representative of the Permanent Mission of France, Mr Francois Gave, noted the enormous potential of ICTs in reducing poverty but also cautioned against its potential to further increase the revenue gap on a national and international level.
Gave sees the potential for the eradication of extreme poverty through the smart use of ICTs because they can be used to break the isolation of people – a factor that he identifies as a problem having a lot to do with poverty. Additionally, ICTs lower the cost of many services and utilities, and help to better inform and empower people that are victims of extreme poverty. The deputy representative further noted that it would be the least developed countries (LDCs) that might profit most from the ICT revolution due to the above mentioned factors.
The Head of Corporate Strategy Division at the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), Mr Catalin Marinescu, stated that an often-overlooked fact in evaluating access to the Internet and other ICTs is the evaluation of how many people chose not to use these technologies despite having access to them. He also noted the growing gender gap in Internet users that has been observed over the last five years, particularly in developing countries.
According to Marinescu, policy-makers should aim to create incentives for people to increase digital literacy by adopting strategies to increase connectivity and to offer content in the local languages.
Issues of achieving full coverage in remote areas where building infrastructure is expensive and not cost-effective still remain, but these are areas in which he sees UN agencies and other bodies of the international community involved to help overcome these challenges.


Michael Moorcock's Eternal Champion returns in the form of Michael Kane, a brilliant Earthman stranded on the treacherous deserts of Ancient Mars! In this sweeping, epic sword-and-planet adventure in the tradition of Edgar Rice Burroughs, Kane and his blue giant companion Hool Haji must travel to the far reaches of the Red Planet to halt the hideous Green Death, an unstoppable disease that rots the mind as well as the body. From gorgeous Karnala, City of Green Mists, to the empty streets of tainted Cend-Amrid to the forgotten weird-science laboratories of the lost, highly advanced Yaksha culture, Masters of the Pit promises stunning locales, disgusting Martian creatures, and relentless action from the Nebula and World Fantasy Award-winning creator of Elric of Melniboné!


These were just a few of the voices that flat out declared Neymar to be the 2nd best player in the world (behind someone not named Cristiano). Before the season, it seemed crazy to even speculate about anyone breaking into the stratosphere of Messi and CR7, and now just before Thanksgiving here we are: Neymar is arguably better than Cristiano Ronaldo. Let's examine how it happened, and whether the Artful Dodger (shoutout to Ray Hudson) will become the best player in the world.
Well, we know he can do this or this! ("QUE BRUTAL!!!")but what do the numbers say?
Looking at his statistics from this year and last year, we see a remarkable jump in production. According to Squawka, he finished with 22 goals and 7 assists in La Liga with 52 chances created.
Neymar this year has 14 goals and 7 assists in just 16 combined games in La Liga (12 goals in 11 games with 4 assists)and the Champions League (2 goals in 5 games with 3 assists) with 42 chances created!
To recap, he has created 80% of the number of chances and scored 63% of the goals in ELEVEN GAMES, or in ONE THIRD, or 33% of the time.
He's averaging 4.5 shots per game with a whopping 4 Key passes per game. His accuracy is a remarkable 60% He is winning 59% of his duels and is getting fouled over 4 times a game on average.
Last season, his SPG was 2.9 with 1.9 key passes, while averaged 3 fouls suffered.
Again, he is at least 25% better.
Okay, so he is having a great season, but where does that put him in the context of other great players?
Well, he is leading La Liga with his 12 goals, Luis Suarez is 2nd with 11. Noone else has over 10.
In Spain, it is Suarez, remarkably, who is the closest comparison to Neymar in terms of goals (11), assists (3)and shots per game (4).
Ronaldo, for comparison, has 8 goals in 12 games in La Liga, with 5 of those coming against Espanyol in one game. The Portuguese superstar has also not scored in 10 of 16 games.
In European football, Neymar ranks 4th in total goals (12), behind Jamie Vardy's 13 goals and the duo of Robert Lewandowski (14) and Aubameyang (15). So, again right at the top with 3 of the best in form center forwards in the game, despite playing as a left winger/forward.
Well, we know he can finish with the best of them, but how does he create for others?
This year, Neymar's avg. chances created is 3.35 per game, while Messi was creating 2.5 last year.
Also, his 4 Key passes are tied with West Ham darling, Dmitri Payet for 2nd place behind EPL assist king Mesüt Özil, who has 4.7 per game.
The following graph from an excellent Barcelona fansite further outlines Neymar's dominance. Neymar is the RED dot, Messi is the WHITE dot.
Again, those are player of the year statistics.
This was NOT an assist, according to the statistics.
In El Clasico, he picked up a goal and an assist and got Isco a red card.
Officially, he had 167 touches, 10 shots, 5 on target and 9 key passes.
FYI, The Ballon d'Or ceremony takes place in mid January. Currently, Messi is a gigantic favorite at 1/12, while Neymar is an 18 to 1 bet. Given, Neymar's massive UCL contributions (10 goals) to last year's magical campaign, his form this year, and that Messi (who might lose some votes to voter fatigue a la Michael Jordan) has basically played 5 games this season, would it really be that much of a surprise if Neymar won?


On February 20, we will unveil the findings from the 2017 Community Study. Here are 10 things we're excited to learn that will help shape future programming throughout the Jewish community.
To learn the answers to these questions (and so many more!!), come to Rodef Shalom at 5:30pm for an in-depth conversation about the Pittsburgh Jewish community. RSVP today!
How has Jewish Pittsburgh grown over the last 15 years? Which demographics have grown more than others?
How many Jewish households in Pittsburgh are struggling with economic insecurity and poverty?
Are people in Jewish Pittsburgh travelling to Israel? How connected do they feel to Israel?
How has congregational life changed in the last 15 years since the last local community study? What can we learn about the ways people belong to (and attend) synagogues?
How are interfaith families engaging with the Jewish programming?
How do Jewish young adults in Pittsburgh feel about being Jewish? How do they most deeply identify with their Judaism?
How connected do people throughout Jewish Pittsburgh feel to the Jewish community?
What are some of the physical/mental health challenges that Jewish Pittsburghers most routinely face? What services do they require?
What percentage of Jewish children are benefiting from a formal Jewish education, either through a Jewish early childhood center program, day school, or part-time school? What about summer camps and youth groups?
Where do people in Jewish Pittsburgh live? Which suburban areas are growing?


text:
Christiane Marlet (born 27 September 1954 at La Roche-sur-Yon) is a former French athlete, who specialised in the sprints.

Biography
Appearing twice in  French athletics teams, she won the silver medal relay 4 × 1 lap during the 1972 European Indoor Championships 1972 at  Grenoble, alongside Michèle Beugnet,  Claudine Meire and Nicole Pani.

prize list

Records

notes and references

Sources
 DocAthlé 2003, French Athletics Federation, p. 419

1954 births
Living people
French female sprinters
20th-century French women

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Chorizo is the lure. Savory chunks scattered throughout the mix and also in the dressing! It's meat²!
Before I get ahead of myself, let's start with the chicken. I used chicken breast from a rotisserie chicken (they're so ridiculously convenient, you know?) Remove the skin and dice it into bite sized chunks.
Now for the "salad" portion of our dish — diced bell pepper, celery, ripe tomatoes and a can of rinsed and drained white kidney beans. The beans (also called cannelini) are creamy, dense and play beautifully with the other flavors.
Red onion adds heat and sun-dried tomatoes are sweet and chewy.
The chorizo dressing gives the whole salad a smoky, tangy flavor. You only need 1 tablespoon of the reserved oil from the cooked chorizo in the vinaigrette to flavor the whole dish without overpowering it.
Whisk the vinaigrette until emulsified and drizzle it over the salad fixins!
Toss to coat and serve. This savory salad can be served at room temperature or chilled. It's perfect for al fresco dining and holds up in the fridge for several days, making Smoky Chorizo Chicken Salad ideal for brown-bagging during the week!
This salad has heft. It's meaty, filling and not what you're expecting when someone mentions "salad" and if you like chicken salad, be sure to try Curried Rotisserie Chicken Salad, Lemon-Scented Chicken Farro Salad and Loaded Chicken Salad.
This is the salad that eats like a meal! Use diced rotisserie chicken breast to simplify prep, this meal is ready in 20 minutes and keeps well for a dynamite brown bag option!
Place a nonstick skillet over medium high heat and add diced chorizo. Cook until chorizo renders its fat and is fragrant and crispy. Use a slotted spoon to transfer chorizo to a dish lined with paper towels. Reserve 1 tablespoon of rendered oil in the pan for the dressing.
In a large bowl, combine the diced chicken, celery, onion, bell pepper, cannellini beans, sun-dried tomatoes, cooked chorizo and parsley. Set aside.
In a small bowl, whisk together the garlic, dijon, chorizo oil, olive oil, red wine vinegar, salt and pepper until emulsified. Pour the dressing over the salad and toss until well combined.
I can definitely see this as a man salad! Even my husband would be on board. Such beautiful photos and I love that you incorporated beans too. Totally hearty and a beautiful dish!
I think I've found my true love! The colors! The flavors! The sauce! The chicken! This would be a perfect meal for me … I'd eat it daily.
This batch didn't last in our house!
Looks like a really healthy lunch to day on a daily basis…count me in!
I must be a man, I love the spicy chorizo, great idea to put same of this spicy oil in the vinaigrette.
I think I have a little of the "guy" gene too!
I absolutely love chorizo but it's so hard to find in Italy. This salad is just packed full of delicious flavours and I can tell it would just taste fantastic!
Chorizo has such a smoky, spicy flavor — I can't get enough.


The Skyline golf team followed up its perfect 11-0 record in the SEC season by proving it was no fluke. The Eagles fired a team score of 320 on Tuesday to win the SEC tournament at Ann Arbor Polo Fields.
It was the second straight year the Eagles went undefeated against SEC foes and the program's third straight SEC title and fifth in nine years.
Pioneer was just seven shots back of the Eagles with a team score of 327. Bedford was third (339), Chelsea fourth (339) and Pinckney fifth (346). Huron was 10th with a 355.
Cam Cowland finished first and Vimal Alokam third as All-Conference individuals this season. The top eight players in each division are named to the team.
Cowland led the way on Tuesday firing a 78 to finish third overall. Alokam shot a 79 and tied for fourth place. Shaunak Bhagat (81) tied for eighth place. The rest of the Skyline scorecard featured Joe Trudeau (82), Beau Chicoine (83) and Evan Griffith (86).
The Pioneers went one-two in the individual results on Tuesday. Xavier Lee shot an impressive 73 to finish first overall. Teammate Colin Flanders was second with a 75.
The rest of the Pioneer scorecard featured Kailas Whitelocke (88), Davis DeRosia (91), Wyatt Bullinger (103) and Lewie Fichera (112).
Huron's William Chung shot an 81 to tie for eighth place and finish among the top 10 medalists. Huron's Jack Harrison fired an 87, Julius Stuhec shot a 90, Devon Caris shot a 97 and Carl Innes and Austin Aldrich fired a 99.


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New KF Walter community in Downers Grove!
The year was 1886 when a Swedish Carpenter named Adolph Roos (Rose) emigrated to the United States. Searching for work, he made his way to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan where work in the copper mines was available. There he lived and honed his carpentry craft for over 60 years.
When work in the mines dried up in 1920's, Adolph's son and grandson, Albert H. Rose and Albert A. Rose, packed up their tools and made their way to Chicago. There they started a small remodeling business and named it A A Rose Construction. For over 30 years, the company continued to grow steadily and became an established commercial builder in Chicago and throughout the northwest suburbs.
In the 1960's, two of Albert A.'s sons, Albert Jr. and Gregory, joined the company. By 1976, Albert Jr. had taken over the family business and Gregory had started his own home building company Rosewood Builders. Today, A A Rose Construction continues to operate as a successful and highly regarded commercial developer in DuPage County.
But the story doesn't end there. After 13 years working in the new home construction business, Gregory W. Rose Jr. decided to start his own home building business. In January of 2010, KF Walter Homes was born…the fifth generation business in a family of construction experts. It seems the "Swedish Carpenter" runs deep in the family!
The Swedish Carpenter is synonymous with excellence in workmanship. He pays close attention to detail from the beginning of his work to its end. So it is with KF Walter Homes. By combining simplicity in design with a custom construction process, KF Walter offers a truly unique new home building experience.
When you build a new home with KF Walter Homes, you understand how family tradition can make all the difference.


Little Known Facts About auto works.
i have a ninety six corolla and my car alarm system is definitely an aftermarket and now it goes defective. the doors are opening alone, i mean the latches go up by themselves. if i lock them using the important, they are going to go up yet again after which down. if i unlock them, hey still try to go up for the reason that my lights are flashing.
Pin the throttle and there's enormous in-gear speed because of 320Nm of torque out there from one,250rpm, which swiftly gets you again up to speed.
Consequently you're finding getting involved with experienced auto mechanics and while solidly set up specialists who cope with fixing, engineering and tuning automobiles to get a dwelling. Which means you're in Risk-free and Trusted arms of experienced lifetime long client assistance.
2006 Ford F150 4 door – My door locks purpose Along with the distant and inside lock buttons only when the drivers side doorway is shut. In the event the motorists door is open, the locks and window switches come to be inoperable Together with the swap, nevertheless the remote will nevertheless unlock/lock the doors. Any Suggestions?.
indicator. It will never dig further into the trouble and convey to you what is Incorrect and what can be achieved to repair it.
The most typical causes for this issue are friction about the window seals/gasket along with a worn regulator.
Most competition will only present software that bargains with generic common OBD codes/parameters (relevant to all vehicles). This means a lot of car or truck-model-particular components won't be examine. Generally restricting the application at fifty% of it's capabilities.
Robert, the possible induce is that the plastic clip within the again on the lock cylinder is both damaged or has normally turn into detached from your linkage that allows you to manually unlock the vehicle that has a critical.
I've a 2004 ford expidition. I've checked fuse box and all is okay. Not one of the electricity door locks don't wort. They don't even generate a noise. All A part of this issue may be the radio console lights don't operate both although the seem works just fine. Can this be fixed effortlessly?
My alarm goes off in my vehicle regardless of what i do. Even when the keys inn ignition And that i do the minimum of just pressing the unlock button my security procedure goes off.
When regular motor maintenance can help be sure that your motor generally performs at peak conditions, You can also find symptoms you can search for that suggest an motor repair assistance is necessary.
in excess of possible the actuators are out, You-tube to get a disassembly movie on your own truck. It is possible to either rebuild the actuators by an additional 20 minute for each unit, time investment, given that the resistor goes terrible, and that involves breaking open the tiny travel motor and my response wrapping resistor in foil and inserting back again, through the opinions, ppl say this deal with final with the life of the truck. You can You tube that actuator rebuild also, there's some good things there which will let you way a lot more than a black and white Haynes handbook with bad grainy photos.


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