I'm new to A.I. and I'd like to know in simple words, what is the fuzzy logic concept? How does it help, and when is it used?
As complexity rises, precise statements lose meaning and meaningful statements lose precision. ( Lofti Zadeh ).

Fuzzy logic deals with reasoning that is approximate rather than fixed and exact. This may make the reasoning more meaningful for a human:





Fuzzy logic is an extension of Boolean logic by Lotfi Zadeh in 1965 based on the
mathematical theory of fuzzy sets, which is a generalization of the classical set theory.
By introducing the notion of degree in the verification of a condition, thus enabling a
condition to be in a state other than true or false, fuzzy logic provides a very valuable
flexibility for reasoning, which makes it possible to take into account inaccuracies and
uncertainties.

One advantage of fuzzy logic in order to formalize human reasoning is that the rules
are set in natural language. For example, here are some rules of conduct that a driver
follows, assuming that he does not want to lose his driver’s licence:



Intuitively, it thus seems that the input variables like in this example are approximately
appreciated by the brain, such as the degree of verification of a condition in fuzzy
logic.



I've written a short introduction to fuzzy logic that goes into a bit more details but should be very accessible.
