Which books are recommended for learning math from the ground up and review the basics - from middle school  to graduate school math? 

I am about to finish my masters of science in computer science and I can use and understand complex math, but I feel like my basics are quite poor. 

Get Mathematics: Its Content, Methods and Meaning by Kolmogorov et al.  This is a readable summary by the top Soviet mathematicians, and as the Soviets had no copyright it is incredibly inexpensive.  If you have mastered this, you are pretty well prepared for anything. 