How to change font style and size of subtitles in Celluloid

Celluloid has no point-and-click option in the settings to change the styling of subtitles (as of yet, maybe), but since it is a frontend for mpv, it can use mpv (command line) options, including those for subtitles:
Method 1: Put the options in Celluloid's Preferences

From this: Open Celluloid, go to Preferences, Miscellaneous tab
Put the relevant subtitles options in the Extra MPV options box (if there are more than one option, separate each one with a space). For example:

--sub-font=Tahoma --sub-font-size=48 --sub-color=1.0/1.0/0.0

This sets the default font to Tahoma, font size to 48 (against a window height of 720), font color to yellow (255,255,0)

Hit Save and restart Celluloid

This method is pretty fast and convenient, but it has a major drawback: it will not apply the options containing apostrophes ('), which are required for font types with spaces in their names or for using color value in hex form (which is way easier than having to convert rgb 0-255 to rgb 0.0-1.0). For example, this line will not be applied:
--sub-font='Comic Sans MS' --sub-color='#FFFF00'

That brings us to the 2nd method.
Method 2: Load an external Config file into Celluloid

Create a file named mpv.conf in ~/Documents or wherever (or in ~/.config/mpv/ if also using mpv separately)
Put the relevant options into the file, without the double dash (--). For example:

# Font type
sub-font='Comic Sans MS'
# Font size
sub-font-size=48
# Font color
sub-color='#FFFF00'
# Font format
sub-bold=yes
sub-italic=no
# Text background/box (black with 75% alpha)
sub-back-color='#C0000000'

Save the file
Open Celluloid, go to Preferences, Config Files tab
Check Load MPV configuration file, browse to the mpv.conf file just created
Hit Save and restart Celluloid

With the power of mpv, one can even set custom keyboard shortcuts for subtitles. For example, to set key bindings for changing the sub font size and text background size:

Create a file named input.conf in ~/Documents or wherever (or in ~/.config/mpv/ if also using mpv separately)
Put these lines in the file (based on this):

# Increase sub font size (set to [Alt] + [k])
ALT+k add sub-font-size +1
# Decrease sub font size (set to [Alt] + [j])
ALT+j add sub-font-size -1
# Increase sub text background size (set to [Alt] + [.])
ALT+. add sub-shadow-offset +1
# Increase sub text background size (set to [Alt] + [,])
ALT+, add sub-shadow-offset -1

Save the file
Open Celluloid, go to Preferences, Config Files tab
Check Load MPV input configuration file, browse to the input.conf file just created
Hit Save and restart Celluloid


I've tried them all, and IMHO LINGOT is the easiest Guitar Tuner available on Linux.

More about it:

  LINGOT is a musical instrument tuner.
  It's accurate, easy-to-use, and highly
  configurable. Originally designed as a
  guitar and bass tuner, its
  configurability gives it a more
  general character. It looks like an
  analog tuner, with a gauge indicating
  the relative shift to a certain note.
  The program automatically guesses the
  note to tune.

Related to this toppic, Rakarrack is the best Guitar Effects software out there. Before using it, you'll need to configure JACK (qjackctl) to connect the guitar audio input to the speakers output (at this link you'll find more info about how to use Rakarrack).


Ubuntu unable to automatically mount the disk

Add an entry to the /etc/fstab file to have the partition mount automatically.  Use sudo on the blkid command:

sudo blkid

To find the UUID of sdc1, and follow the existing columns to add the new line.  something like

UUID=<your uuid>  /mnt/external_disk ntfs user,auto,nosuid,rw 0 0

The existing mount point, /mnt/external_disk should be owned by root and root group, with permissions of 755.


Compressing folders with password via command line

Go to the relevant folder using the cd command like this:

cd /path/to/folder/

(If your folder F is in your Home folder, you can just do cd ~.)

Then, type in your terminal:

zip -er F.zip F

This will prompt you for a password. Give it, and that will create a password-protected zip file from that folder.

-e enables encryption for your zip file. This is what makes it ask for the password.
-r makes the command recursive, meaning that all the files inside the folder will be added to the zip file.
F.zip is the name of the output file.
F is the folder you want to zip.

There is an option called -P that will allow you to pass the password in the command itself, but that is not good because there is always the threat of over-the-shoulder peeking. Also other users can see the password by using ps -ef command if you use -P switch. With that -P switch, the command will look like this:

zip -P password -r F.zip F

Visit man zip for more information.


The file is not created by the installation, but upon the first use of ssh or ssh-keygen. If it is not there, there is nothing to worry about. You can simply create it using mkdir ~/.ssh/.


I've found the answer and positing here so that this ans could out help other dev like me.

For Ubuntu 15.10 (32 bit)

sudo dpkg --force-all -r libnss3
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/n/nss/libnss3-1d_3.19.2-1ubuntu1_i386.deb
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/n/nss/libnss3-nssdb_3.19.2-1ubuntu1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i libnss3-1d_3.19.2-1ubuntu1_i386.deb libnss3-nssdb_3.19.2-1ubuntu1_all.deb

For Ubuntu 15.10 (64 bit)

sudo dpkg --force-all -r libnss3
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/n/nss/libnss3_3.19.2-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/n/nss/libnss3-nssdb_3.19.2-1ubuntu1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i libnss3_3.19.2-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb libnss3-nssdb_3.19.2-1ubuntu1_all.deb

To prevent libnss update, no more error after ubuntu update:

sudo apt-mark hold libnss3 libnss3-nssdb

Hope this will work out for everyone.

Thanks


Having issues creating a SOCKS5 Proxy. Can not Tunnel device

Here is my log from ssh -vvv -D 1080 user@IP

    OpenSSH_6.6.1, OpenSSL 1.0.1f 6 Jan 2014
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0
debug1: Connecting to 107.000.000.000 [107.000.000.000] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key': No such file or directory
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key': Permission denied
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key': Permission denied
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key': Permission denied
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key': Permission denied
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key': Permission denied
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key': Permission denied
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key': Permission denied
debug1: could not open key file '/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key': Permission denied
debug1: identity file /home/arron/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/arron/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/arron/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/arron/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/arron/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/arron/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/arron/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: identity file /home/arron/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2
debug1: match: OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2 pat OpenSSH_6.6.1* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "107.000.000.000" from file "/home/arron/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/arron/.ssh/known_hosts:4
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v00@openssh.com,ssh-dss-cert-v00@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,ssh-rsa,ssh-dss
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0
debug2: mac_setup: setup hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com none
debug2: mac_setup: setup hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com none
debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ECDSA 89:59:45:3f:70:e.......................
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "107.000.000.000" from file "/home/arron/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/arron/.ssh/known_hosts:4
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug1: Host '107.000.000.000' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/arron/.ssh/known_hosts:4
debug1: ssh_ecdsa_verify: signature correct
debug2: kex_derive_keys
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: Roaming not allowed by server
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug2: key: rsa-key-20150212 (0x7f44db1a8d40),
debug2: key: /home/arron/.ssh/id_rsa ((nil)),
debug2: key: /home/arron/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)),
debug2: key: /home/arron/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil)),
debug2: key: /home/arron/.ssh/id_ed25519 ((nil)),
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey
debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering RSA public key: rsa-key-20150212
debug3: send_pubkey_test
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 533
debug2: input_userauth_pk_ok: fp 95:3b:a0:0f:4d:b6:09:3.....................
debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey: RSA 95:3b:a0:0f:4d:b6:09:3.......................
debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey).
Authenticated to 107.000.000.000 ([107.000.000.000]:22).
debug1: Local connections to LOCALHOST:1080 forwarded to remote address socks:0
debug3: channel_setup_fwd_listener: type 2 wildcard 0 addr NULL
debug3: sock_set_v6only: set socket 4 IPV6_V6ONLY
debug1: Local forwarding listening on ::1 port 1080.
debug2: fd 4 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: fd 4 is O_NONBLOCK
debug1: channel 0: new [port listener]
debug1: Local forwarding listening on 127.0.0.1 port 1080.
debug2: fd 5 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: fd 5 is O_NONBLOCK
debug1: channel 1: new [port listener]
debug1: Requesting tun unit 2147483647 in mode 1

debug1: sys_tun_open: failed to configure tunnel (mode 1): Operation not permitted
Tunnel device open failed.
Could not request tunnel forwarding.
debug1: channel 2: new [client-session]
debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 2
debug2: channel 2: send open
debug1: Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com
debug1: Entering interactive session.
debug2: callback start
debug1: Requesting authentication agent forwarding.
debug2: channel 2: request auth-agent-req@openssh.com confirm 0
debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY
debug3: packet_set_tos: set IP_TOS 0x10
debug2: client_session2_setup: id 2
debug2: channel 2: request pty-req confirm 1
debug1: Sending environment.
debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_ID
debug3: Ignored env TERM
debug3: Ignored env SHELL
debug3: Ignored env SSH_CLIENT
debug3: Ignored env SSH_TTY
debug3: Ignored env USER
debug3: Ignored env LS_COLORS
debug3: Ignored env SSH_AUTH_SOCK
debug3: Ignored env MAIL
debug3: Ignored env PATH
debug3: Ignored env QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME
debug3: Ignored env PWD
debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8
debug2: channel 2: request env confirm 0
debug3: Ignored env SHLVL
debug3: Ignored env HOME
debug3: Ignored env LOGNAME
debug3: Ignored env SSH_CONNECTION
debug3: Ignored env LESSOPEN
debug3: Ignored env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
debug3: Ignored env LESSCLOSE
debug3: Ignored env _
debug2: channel 2: request shell confirm 1
debug2: callback done
debug2: channel 2: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768
debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 2
debug2: PTY allocation request accepted on channel 2
debug2: channel 2: rcvd adjust 2097152
debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 2
debug2: shell request accepted on channel 2


Sound doesn't work in Unity, but does in Ubuntu Classic

You could also try adding some of the restricted extras that play mp3s

To do that, follow the instructions here.

Then you should be able to play mp3s.


npviewer.bin no longer listed in the process list

npviewer.bin isn't part of Chrome - it's part of a compatibility wrapper called nspluginwrapper that makes it possible to use the 32-bit Flash plugin (and other 32-bit plugins as well) in a 64-bit browser. To 64-bit Chrome, nspluginwrapper "looks like" a 64-bit Flash plugin. But so does a real 64-bit Flash plugin, which is preferable, so I'd guess that you recently got such a plugin and thus Chrome is no longer using the nspluginwrapper version. Have you got a chrome --type=plugin process? It's been there the whole time, but with nspluginwrapper, it's just a proxy for the real plugin that runs in the npviewer.bin process. For a native 64-bit plugin, the plugin itself runs there.


Allowing for SSH Access of Ubuntu 12.04 Server from Pubic IP

When you ssh daemon is already running you can estimate by the following command on which interface sshd is listening (in my case):

$ netstat -putan | grep sshd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1690/sshd

As you can see my ssh daemon is listening on 0.0.0.0:22 that means on every network interface at port 22. This behavior is configured in the file /etc/ssh/sshd_config where you can set another address to listen on by the following statement:

ListenAddress 1.2.3.4

Where 1.2.3.4 is the address to listen on. In your case you can set 0.0.0.0 or the specific public ip-address of your PC.

If your computer is behind a firewall you need to forward the port (default: 22) to your computer. But I recommend to use another port than 22, because most bots out there are trying to brute force login via ssh over port 22 as you will see in /var/log/auth.log.


Ubuntu Core for Raspberry Pi Zero as a bitcoin Wallet

If you want an answer that is on-topic for Ask Ubuntu, the only thing we can say is to:

use a Raspberry Pi 2 or 3 instead of a Zero
install the Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 'classic' ARM version on it
Build (Build! Not install as you're running on an ARM)

Copay
Ethereum
Litecoin

for the three cryptocurrencies you want

because #1 in your question is off-topic for Ask Ubuntu but on-topic in Unix and Linux, a sister site of Ask Ubuntu.


If you allow the upgrades you cited, you will remain on Kubuntu 18.04 LTS. The version numbers of the packages are admittedly confusing. While I can't explain the version numbers satisfactorily, part of the reason is that our Kubuntu desktop has software from three different "entities", each with their own numbering:

KDE Applications
Plasma
KDE Frameworks

See this for more.

On Kubuntu 18.04 LTS, we currently have

Plasma at 5.12.8
KDE Frameworks at 5.44.0 and
KDE Applications at 17.12.3

Then there are also packages provided by Ubuntu core as well which have their own version numbers.

For example on my Kubuntu 18.04 LTS:

Konsole is version 17.12.3
Dolphin is version 17.12.3
Kate is version 17.12.3

but

libglu1-mesa is version 9.0.0-2
mesa-utils is version 8.4.0-1
etc

And here's an extract from my /var/log/apt/history.log formatted by me to be more presentable:

Start-Date: 2019-07-04  09:36:00
Commandline: apt full-upgrade
Requested-By: dkb (1000)
Install: libllvm8:amd64 (1:8-3~ubuntu18.04.1, automatic)
Upgrade: libdrm-nouveau2:amd64 (2.4.95-1~18.04.1, 2.4.97-1ubuntu1~18.04.1),
libegl-mesa0:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libglapi-mesa:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libxatracker2:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libegl1-mesa:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libgbm1:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libdrm-amdgpu1:amd64 (2.4.95-1~18.04.1, 2.4.97-1ubuntu1~18.04.1),
libwayland-egl1-mesa:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libdrm2:amd64 (2.4.95-1~18.04.1, 2.4.97-1ubuntu1~18.04.1),
libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libdrm-intel1:amd64 (2.4.95-1~18.04.1, 2.4.97-1ubuntu1~18.04.1),
libdrm-radeon1:amd64 (2.4.95-1~18.04.1, 2.4.97-1ubuntu1~18.04.1),
mesa-vdpau-drivers:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
linux-firmware:amd64 (1.173.6, 1.173.8),
mesa-va-drivers:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libglx-mesa0:amd64 (18.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2, 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.1),
libdrm-common:amd64 (2.4.95-1~18.04.1, 2.4.97-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)
End-Date: 2019-07-04  09:37:42

In short, there's no ill-effect in accepting the updates. And since the next LTS won't be due till April 2020, that shouldn't be a concern.

If you're sure you want to remain on the LTS track, make sure you have this:

In case you ever need to know more about a package, you can run apt show libgbm1, for example, to know more about libgbm1. Some selected output from there:

  Version: 19.0.2-1ubuntu1.1~18.04.2

  Origin: Ubuntu

  Maintainer: Ubuntu X-SWAT

  Task: ubuntu-desktop, kubuntu-desktop, xubuntu-core, xubuntu-desktop, core-share, lubuntu-gtk-core, lubuntu-desktop-share, lubuntu-core, lubuntu-qt-core, ubuntustudio-desktop-core, ubuntustudio-desktop, ubuntukylin-desktop, ubuntu-mate-core, ubuntu-mate-desktop, ubuntu-budgie-desktop

  Supported: 5y

  Description: generic buffer management API -- runtime

Note the lines starting with Origin and Tasks. The first mentions Ubuntu, indicating that Canonical supports this package. The second line, based on the number of desktop varieties listed there, indicates that this package is used by all those flavors.


Unable to fetch some archives - recently modified ubuntu package sources

As Yaron suggests in comment, 500's were the issue, not wrong source. Switching all mirrors from http://pl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu to i.e. http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu helped.


How to mount the newly created linux partitions?

This is as i suppose is by mounting your partition read only,so either you have to remount with write permissions or add to fstab to autmount automatically.
Get the UUID
Run the command:
sudo blkid

Then open /etc/fsatb:
sudo gedit /etc/fstab

Now  add the line to the bottom of /etc/fsatb:
UUID=UUID /mounting-point ext4 defaults  0      2

Replace UUID with result of your UUID of /dev/sdX
Replace /mounting-point with path to mount the partition on
Reaplce ext4 with your partition filesystem type


How can I make Rhythmbox start playing a radio stream as I log on?

You can add startup programs by picking System -> Preferences -> Startup Applications.  From there, you can add a new entry for Rhythmbox.

For the command line of the new startup application, use rhythmbox URI where URI refers to the radio stream you want to play.  If you don't know the URI for the radio stream, right click on its entry in Rhythmbox and pick properties.  It should be shown on the details tab.


How can I find the source code for linux commands?

Syntax: apt-get source command-name

Example: apt-get source netstat

If it cannot find:

Add a Source URI to sources.lst

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian lenny main

apt-get update


Make route command persistent after reboot

netplan configuration should be a bit different:
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
  ethernets:
    enp4s0:
      dhcp4: true
      routes:
      - to: 10.0.8.0/24
        via: 10.3.121.244

After that changes have to be applied by:
netplan apply


How can I run Ubuntu withouth affecting my existing operating system?

You can follow this procedure to complete the installation from a DVD or USB flash drive, or to try Ubuntu without installing. In step 6, you should see an option to install Ubuntu alongside Windows.

In short, here's what you need to do:

Put the Ubuntu DVD into your optical/DVD drive. Then restart your computer. As soon as your computer boots you'll see the welcome window.

From there, you can select your language from a list on the left and choose between either installing Ubuntu directly, or trying the desktop first (if you like what you see, you can also install Ubuntu from this mode too).


If you've used Auto CAD before, then FreeCAD and LibreCAD would work

FreeCAD or LibreCAD - Computer Aided Design software
Blender - 3D modelling software
Scroll down the list of alternatives to AutoCAD


GUI works but the console's (CTRL-ALT-F1-F6) "don't"

Have you installed the lastest drivers for your graphics card? If you haven't, then follow this steps:

Click on the Dash
Search for Additional and click Additional Drivers
Wait a bit, and you'll see a list with all the compatible drivers for your computer.
Check if your graphics card name appears at that list, select the entry for it (I usually select the "post-release" entry, or the one that has [Recommended]) and click Activate. After a while, you'll have to restart your computer.

Maybe this will work to you, be sure to have all the updated drivers before of doing anything! Hope it works to you and tell us soon.


How to start a delay job correctly using Upstart?

The current script is correct, it does what it should do.

Second script hangs forever because /usr/sbin/openvpn --config /etc/openvpn/devops/config never exits, it runs in foreground.

Third script also hangs but because openvpn --daemon only forks once.

expect daemon
/usr/sbin/openvpn --config /etc/openvpn/devops/config --daemon

Changed it to expect fork will work if config file is correct. If config file is wrong, openvpn won't fork, so it won't work correctly.

TL;DR: just stick with current script.


What's the difference between 12.04 and 12.10?

12.04 and 12.10 are two different releases. They're named based on the date (April and October of 2012, respectively).

12.04 is a LTS which means it is provided security updates for five years without needing to upgrade to a newer release. Note that these updates do not upgrade everything to the latest version and non-security updates are only pushed back to fix major bugs.

The .1 on the end of 12.04.1 indicates the LTS has been re-released bundling in a load of updates. This means you'll have fewer things to upgrade after you do an install.

12.10 (a non LTS release) will get similar upgrades but for just two years. If you went with 12.10 it would probably be expected that you upgrade to 13.04 after its release but that isn't necessary until you want (as long as you do it within 24 months of release).

Which you want to use is not a simple question to answer because they provide different things. The LTS (12.04) should remain a stable, solid operating system but 12.10 (and then 13.04, 13.10 etc) will provide newer packages which may have improved features, perhaps at the cost of stability, though that is never by design.

If bandwidth is cheap and you have a bit of time, consider just testing both releases. Both ISOs allow you to burn to a USB stick and then you can test Ubuntu without installing it. It should let you know if everything works.


WiFi connected to router, but no internet connection

Possibly a problem with power management in the driver.

Try disabling and re-enabling wireless using the network indicator. Also try connecting the laptop to power.

See: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1038373

Look at other bug reports related to your driver: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux?field.searchtext=iwlwifi


Text gets displayed during boot after Nvidia installtion

Actually the mistake is on my part, I didn't follow the steps correctly.hwinfo method is not working, however the next one works.

While booting the system, press shift to enter into the grub and press c to enter into the console
type videoinfo
Note down the best supported resolution eg. 1024x768x32
Now press esc and boot normally.login and go the terminal.
Enter sudo gedit /etc/default/grub .
A text file will open. Search for the line #GRUB_GFXMODE=
Replace #GRUB_GFXMODE= with

GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768x32
 GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep

Save the text file. Enter the following commands

echo "FRAMEBUFFER=y" | sudo tee -a /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/splash
sudo update-initramfs -u -k all
sudo update-grub

Thats it. Now restart the system.

I have one query though. Why is the supported resoulution is much less that tmy screen resolution. In my case max resolution is 1600x1200x32, where as my screen resolution is 1920x1080 though it is better then the default 640x480


If you did this:

sudo mv Sublime\ Text\ 2 /opt/

then

sudo rm -rf /opt/Sublime\ Text\

will remove the software. If you want to make sure go to /opt and do an ls and then remove the directory will all its contents.

There are some residual files that you can remove with:

sudo rm /usr/share/applications/sublime.desktop

And you need to redo the changes to defaults.list. So do a sudo sublime /usr/share/applications/defaults.list and replace all references to sublime.desktop to gedit.desktop. Or restore a backup you made.


Ubuntu GUI not loading after installing nVidia Graphics Card

Your driver is conflicting with things and stopping you from being able to boot up. What you probably want to do is boot up with the nomodeset option so that you only use the most basic programs, install the normal proprietary driver as recommended by the system if you can boot, and then you will be good to go.  I also couldn't boot with a nvidia card until I got the driver straight.

This thread looks potentially useful for you.

System won't boot with nvidia driver enabled


if ltsp.conf located not in image check this:
http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=689668


fingerprint reader not working in dell vostro 3550

You asked "I got the driver file but there I couldn't find the configure file as mentioned for ./configure. What shall I do?"

Run:

sh autoconfig.sh" before you run "./config

I ran into the same issue, and now my Vostro Fprint scanner works.


Raspberry Pi-4 firmware upgrade (eeprom), over UBUNTU 20.04

I did it in an easy way.
However, I have Ubuntu 20.04 64 bit and 2 packages was for Ubuntu 20.10.
Use at your own risk, although it worked fine for me.
curl -O http://ports.ubuntu.com/pool/universe/r/raspberrypi-userland/libraspberrypi0_0~20200520+git2fe4ca3-0ubuntu2_arm64.deb
sudo apt install ./libraspberrypi0_0~20200520+git2fe4ca3-0ubuntu2_arm64.deb
curl -O http://ports.ubuntu.com/pool/universe/r/raspberrypi-
userland/libraspberrypi-bin_0~20200520+git2fe4ca3-0ubuntu2_arm64.deb
sudo apt install ./libraspberrypi-bin_0~20200520+git2fe4ca3-0ubuntu2_arm64.deb
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:waveform/eeprom
sudo apt update
sudo apt install rpi-eeprom -y

You can check for available firmware upgrade:
sudo rpi-eeprom-update

You can upgrade firmware using:
sudo rpi-eeprom-update -a

Then, you need to reboot:
sudo reboot


How do I check if installed VLC is 64 bit or 32 bit?

Using the file command from terminal:

file $(which vlc)

In my case the vlc version is 64-bit:

/usr/bin/vlc: ELF 64-bit LSB  executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically
linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.24,
BuildID[sha1]=63a2c2e7d5b12db4ad69cc38da86622492649af9, stripped


Which PPA to purge in resolving this 404 error in apt-get udpate?

Run sudo nautilus on terminal to open nautilus with super user privileges.
Go into /etc/apt/sources.list.d directory and find the joh PPA file(like joh-PPA-saucy.list) and then delete it.

Usually files related to PPA's are stored in /etc/apt/sources.list.d directory.

OR

Simply run this command to purge joh's PPA,

sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:joh/ppa


Samba/Winbind Active Directory authentication broken after upgrade to 14.04

Does

getent passwd

Return anything?

How about

wbinfo -u

I am working on the same thing and for me wbinfo -u worked but getent passwd did not.  I was able to get getent passwd to work by adding these packages.

 apt-get install libnss-winbind libpam-winbind

Once getent passwd returned domain users I was able to ssh into the machine with my domain cred.


Ctrl key is mapped to backtick (`), how can I fix this?

Well, I don't know what the problem is, but you might be able to force your way out of it using Xmodmap.

It requires the following steps:

1) Find out what keycode is written by your left Ctrl key: start a terminal and run 'xev'. Then place your mouse over the Event Tester and press the Ctrl key. You will get a read-out like

KeyRelease event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x4e00001,
root 0xb2, subw 0x0, time 88800774, (-352,380), root:(371,431),
state 0x8, keycode 64 (keysym 0xffe9, Alt_L), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 0 bytes:
XFilterEvent returns: False

This was for my Left Alt key. Locate the keycode -- in this case '64'.

2) Enforce a different behavior: go to your home directory and edit '.bashrc' -- if you use Nautilus and not a terminal to find it, then it's hidden: Press Ctrl+H to show hidden files.

Add a line to re-code the key behavior:

     xmodmap -e "keycode 64 = Control_L"

Of course, the 64 should be replaced for the keycode you obtained in step 1. Now save the file and close it.

3) Activate the behavior: Run a terminal. Every time the machine has been booted, this behavior has to be activated -- this is done by opening a terminal. You can close it right away again. Otherwise, you have to make the change in a different file, [see here].1

I hope this solves your problem!


apt show to display all possibilities in a screen

Use this command instead

apt-cache search [package name]

Here use
apt-cache search lib

This shows all the lib packages without the need of hitting space

Hope that helps :)


The loop (nesting) you see actually serves A very important purpose.

Imagen "Give me the other device on the same device as that device". I know that's confusing in video card context but think of sound card.

"Give me the other outputs on the same card as output 5"

In order to do this you need some kind of "children on my parent" which is exactly what you have here. "Children of my parent" may only have 1 entry but that is ok to.

To add more complexity, the /sys folder isn't even really there. It's an enumeration of kernel stuffs. So it's kind of like a "easy to use api" for accessing kernel data. So not only can that lead to situations like your example, but there not even really files, so it's quite alright if it does.

To see if something is a link you can always use ls -la to display more verbose details. But keep in mind those files are not real, and may not be symbolic links in the true sense, and there for it is totally possible to have recursion  without doing anything "wrong" or using links/etc.


Right click the desktop and select "Desktop preferences".

In the "Appearance" window you should see a checkbox marked "Use the same wallpaper on all desktops". Is the box checked?


AdbCommandRejectedException: insufficient permissions for device: user in plugdev group; are your udev rules wrong?

This procedure solves the problem for me:

On the Android device, drag the top menu and select "USB for file transfer"
Press "Run" again

It might be accidental, but it has always (about 50 times) worked so far.

In recent versions of Android, the name of the menu and choice item has changed a bit, but it still works for me.


The router needs to know to which server it has to forward requests to. You now have one server in each location, but that doesn't matter for the router. So you need to configure port forwarding. In the router you can set which port has to be forwarded to which machine or IP address. That machine has to accept that traffic, so you may need to configure the firewall of the server.


Error installing mu editor on ubuntu 18.04

You have library version conflict.
On my 18.04 LTS system I have installed mu-editor normally by adjusting Python3 package versions using the following command:
pip3 install --user qscintilla==2.10 PyQtChart==5.9.2 pyqt5==5.9.2 mu-editor

Please note that mu-editor deb-package is presented in official Ubuntu repositories only since 20.04 LTS.


Unity no longer loads in 13.04 for main user

It turns out you need to run the below commands while running Gnome (I was previously trying to do this while on the broken Unity) dconf reset -f /org/compiz/ && unity --reset-icons &disown.
The Unity launcher appeared above the Gnome menubar. I logged out and logged in to Unity and everything works fine now.

(answer provided by OP in comments.)


Apparently Upstart is in error when it says you can use console and exec:

console does not work at all, and
exec only works if it's inside
a script stanza.

Changing what I had to:

script
    exec /srv/scripts/test.sh
end script

worked, and it logged output in the log file. Unfortunately, I still have no idea how to log output to the console.


Firefox 4.0.1 crash intermittently and log out

I suspect it's an issue with your video card combined with newer Firefox technologies. Try turning off WebGL:

Navigate to the URL about:config
Search for webgl.disabled
Make sure it's set to true (double-click on it if not)

If you want to debug the issue, you need to save the file ~/.xsession-errors before login again in the desktop:

Switch to a virtual text console by pressing Ctrl + Alt + F1
Login
Copy the file: cp .xsession-errors name-of-desired-file
Logout by executing exit
Switch back to the GUI by pressing Ctrl + Alt + F7 (or F8 if F7 didn't work)
Profit! (read the bottom of name-of-desired-file from step 3)


Using Upstart / init with PHP daemon nohup php daemon.php

To make it work we first need to change the current working folder of the bash script that is envoking the daemon.php file as a system serice before using the nohup php command. To make below work: place in (as root)
/etc/init.d/yourscript
chmod yourscript +x
update-rc.d yourscript defaults 98 02
add line to rc2.d:
/etc/init.d/yourscript start
Alternative add the nohup php yourscript.php directlty to rc.local but this is not the same as running it as a system service like below.

#!/bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
#
# Provides: phpdaemons
# Required-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Required-Stop: 0 1 6

# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: PHP nohup daemons initscript
# Description: This file should be placed in /etc / init d
#
### END INIT INFO#

# Fill in name of php daemon file and run as System32 Daemon /
PROG="daemon.php"
PROG_PATH="/home/some/domain/beta.nl/daemon/lib"
PROG_ARGS=""
PID_PATH="/var/run"

## If not already running start php daemon
start() {
    if [ -e "$PID_PATH/nohup php $PROG.pid" ]; then
        ## Program is running, exit with error.
        echo "Error! $PROG is currently running!" 1>&2
        exit 1
 else
        ## Change from /dev/null to something like /var/log/$PROG if you want to save output.

        cd /home/some/domain/beta.nl/daemon/lib/
        nohup php /home/some/domain/beta.nl/daemon/lib/daemon.php > /dev/null &
        echo "nohup php $PROG.pid started"
        touch "$PID_PATH/nohup php $PROG.pid"
    fi
}

## If runinng kill php daemon
stop() {
    if [ -e "$PID_PATH/nohup php $PROG.pid" ]; then
        ## Program is running, so stop it

        killall php $PROG

        rm "$PID_PATH/nohup php $PROG.pid"

                echo "$PROG stopped"

    else
        ## Program is not running, exit with error.
        echo "Error! $PROG not started!" 1>&2
        exit 1
    fi
}

        case "$1" in
    start)
        start
        exit 0
    ;;
    stop)
        stop
        exit 0
 ;;
    reload|restart|force-reload)
        stop
        start
        exit 0
                 ;;
    **)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload}" 1>&2
        exit 1
    ;;
esac
 stop)
        stop
        exit 0
 ;;
    reload|restart|force-reload)
        stop
        start
        exit 0
                 ;;
    **)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload}" 1>&2
        exit 1
    ;;
esac


How to decompress 20GB of files; tmpfs keeps filling up

All tmpfs file systems are backed by the kernel page cache.  This means that their maximum capacity is roughly the amount of free memory and swap space on the system.  The only way you're going to get more space on a tmpfs is:

close memory hungry applications.
add more RAM to the system.
add more swap space to the system.

But if you're talking about temporary files with sizes in gigabytes, you are probably better off using a location backed by real disk rather than a tmpfs.


D-link dwm-156 modem gets detected on ubuntu 14.04LTS 64-bit but not get conected to internet

I got a way to connect my D-Link DWM-156 modem on Ubuntu14.04LTS 64-bit. The problem was this Modem has a 32-bit driver and network manager identify it but network manager is unable to connect. Here's a link that will help you to enable dlink modem
. Actually I found a solution on help.ubuntu.com/community/
           .It has suggested a way to enable modem using  pppconfig & pon/poff and I tried this and as expected it worked. Now my modem is enabled and its working. To make my modem work I need to use terminal to enter command like pon - to enable modem, poff- to disconnect or to disable modem and plog - to check log. Here's the steps that I used and I want to mention it clearly that It is mentioned on the website help.ubuntu.com/community/ and so I am just copying it to here to help you.......

This is a command line based option to manage dialup connections. This makes it very flexible, but maybe not so straightforward to configure.

Collecting Information

You will need:

Your ISP's phone number
Your username and password on the ISP
The name of the modem device (/dev/...)

Setting up ppp

Open a terminal (Applications > System Tools > Terminal) and type

  $ sudo pppconfig

You will be on the main menu. Choose 'Create Create a connection'.
Leave the name as 'provider', hit 'Ok'.
Select 'Dynamic Use dynamic DNS', hit 'Ok'.
Select 'PAP Peer Authentication Protocol', hit 'Ok'.
Enter your user name for the ISP, hit 'Ok'.
Enter your password for the ISP, hit 'Ok'.
Leave the speed at 115200 as recommended, hit 'Ok'.
Choose Tone or Pulse dialing, hit 'Ok'.
Enter the phone number to your ISP (do not use any dashes), hit 'Ok'.
You can try to have your modem detected automatically, but it did not work for me, even on my easily detectable external modem.
If the modem wasn't detected, it will ask you for the port your modem is on. Enter the device name for your modem, hit 'Ok'.
A summary screen will appear and give you the opportunity to make changes if needed.
Choose 'Finished Write files and return to main menu.'.
Choose 'Quit Exit this utility'.

Exit the terminal window, type:

  $ exit

Connecting to the ISP

Log out and back in (for the group setting to take effect). Every "dialout/dip" user will now be able to connect and disconnect with these commands:

 $ pon    # connect to the ISP configured as "provider"
 $ poff   # disconnect the ISP configured as "provider"

You can also check the last messages generated by these commands with:

 $ plog   # shows the (status) messages generated by pon and poff


gvfsd-gphoto2 memory leak in Ubuntu 13.04

I ended up "fixing" this by turning off USB autoplay so gvfsd would not try to run when I connected my phone.

How do I disable USB Auto Play?


Ubuntu 18.04 suddenly has become jumpy and less smooth with fan noise

To determine the problem, first go into system settings > details to see if there is anything unusual reported for "graphics."
Also, a good thing to have handy is htop running in the terminal so you can see what process is using system resources.
First, install htop:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install htop

and then run:
htop

or optionally, you can run:
sudo htop

with full permissions to allow more control (so you can kill processes).
Additionally, if you want to try using the proprietary nvidia drivers, you can run the following commands to install:
sudo apt update
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Save any unsaved work and reboot after the installation to apply the changes.

Finally, this last step is optional. If you want to use nvidia optimus switching, you can install the bumblebee packages.
First, enable the Universe repository:
sudo add-apt-repository universe

Then, install the packages:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus linux-headers-generic mesa-utils

Next, save any unsaved work and then reboot.
Finally, run the following command to monitor your nvidia driver:
nvidia-smi

and run the following command to verify that optimus is running properly:
optirun glxgears

Now, if you get an error running the last command, follow these instructions to properly add your drivers to secureboot.

UPDATE
It looks like this is a power saving feature. You can monitor CPU performance using the i7z tool to verify throttling.
Run the following to install:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install i7z

and run the tool using the following command:
sudo i7z

You will see the "actual frequency" listed in the output.

You probably won't need to use the following. However, you can click here for more information about nvidia-smi


I had the same problem solved it by switching to gdm3 and then the gear icon worked
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm - this command allows you to switch to gdm3


Ended up doing this:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgtk-3-common light-themes gtk3.0
dconf reset -f /org/compiz
sudo reboot

Worked like a charm


Confused about installing Ubuntu alongside Windows 10

Boot the live USB
Connect to the internet (wifi or Ethernet)
Click Ctrl+Alt+T and type:

sudo apt install gparted
sudo gparted

Resize the size of your Windows partition, ('free space after' is the size of your Ubuntu install (I suggest making the Ubuntu look around the same size or 1/4 of the total size))
Wait!!! This will take a very long time depending on your computers storage size
Launch the installer, select Something else when you get to the screen you described
Select the free space, click add, select ext4 and /
Click Continue the install will continue
When you boot, grub will give you a choice between Windows and Ubuntu


In your mobile device settings, check if it is set to "connect as media device". If it is set to "connect in camera mode", it will not be detected by Ubuntu.


Luca Cerone fixed the issue in a comment.

  Ok the boot-repair option seems to have fixed it. There is only one thing I can't understand, now in the grub menu there are a lot of entry that I can't fully understand like: some .efi and .bkp locations...

Luca Cerone Jan 16


Ubuntu Bug style,apps,system everything changed

To reset you could first try with this command :

dconf reset -f /

To reset your system you can use Resetter.

CAUTION THIS WILL RESET YOUR UBUNTU SYSTEM COMPLETELY.

Download :

wget https://github.com/gaining/Resetter/releases/download/v2.2.0-stable/add-apt-key_1.0-0.5_all.deb
wget https://github.com/gaining/Resetter/releases/download/v2.2.0-stable/resetter_2.2.0-stable_all.deb

Then do following commands in terminal :

sudo apt install gdebi
sudo gdebi add-apt-key_1.0-0.5_all.deb
sudo gdebi resetter_2.2.0-stable_all.deb


Build And Host my web application on my own private cloud

The simplest way to do this is to add the name ir_multi_agent to your /etc/hosts file. In order to do that, edit that file using sudo vi /etc/hosts or sudo nano /etc/hosts and add the line

192.168.43.191    ir_multi_agent

From then on, you will be able to browse to http://ir_multi_agent:8080/IRMultiAgent and access your application.

To get rid of the :8080 in that URL, you have two options:

Run Tomcat on the default http port (80) by editing the port number
in its conf/server.xml file. Note that this requires you to run Tomcat as root.
Front the Tomcat server with a reverse proxy, which will require installing and configuring an http server such as apache2 or nginx.

Now, your URL is down to http://ir_multi_agent/IRMultiAgent. To get rid of the IRMultiAgent context root, you again have two options:

Deploy the application as the ROOT web application on Tomcat. That is, put it in the folder webapps/ROOT.
Use rewrite rules on the reverse proxy.

There you have it, your own webapplication at http://ir_multi_agent/.

Before embarking on all this, please consider Shakespeare's wisdom. An URL is but a name.


i386 headers required:
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-*(kernel version)*:i386

Example:
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-5.4.0-42:i386


Why does /etc/issue show me Ubuntu and not Lubuntu?

See the man page for issue:

  The  file /etc/issue is a text file which contains a message or system identification to be printed before the login prompt.  It  may  contain  various @char  and  \char sequences, if supported by the getty-type program employed  on the system.

So the following mingetty sequences can be used...

Tag Description

\d  insert current day (localtime),
\l  insert line on which mingetty is running,
\m  inserts machine architecture (uname -m),
\n  inserts machine’s network node hostname (uname -n),
\o  inserts domain name,
\r  inserts operating system release (uname -r),
\t  insert current time (localtime),
\s  inserts operating system name,
\u  The current number of users which are currently logged in
\U  Same as \u but inserts "n users"
\v  Inserts operating system version (uname -v).

As far as /etc/issue goes and it showing Ubuntu: the file is not related to the desktop session and it is a text file you can manually change with vi or nano.

Could be considered a bug if you did not change it yourself but it could also be considered a user file that should be left to the user to change.


"GRUB installation failed" What do I do?

On my own Laptop, Dell Inspiron 15 7577, I install dual-boot in UEFI for both Windows and Ubuntu 16.04, I have ever met the same problem during installing Ubuntu 16.04. My solution is

    Allocate an independent EFI Partition when you are installing Ubuntu, its size about 500 MB, and the Ubuntu will automatically find this partition and use it as UEFI or EFI system partition, and it will help to guide system boot.

        Here are my disk partitions for Ubuntu installation:
        Partition 1: Ext4 journal, /, about 40 GB
        Partition 2: Swap Area, 1GB
        Partition 3: Ext4 journal, /boot, about 1GB
        Partition 4: EFI partition, about 500 MB

Hope this will help you!


Seems like you have some broken packages or dependencies.
Try doing sudo apt-get update, if you get some error updating, try following:

sudo apt-get clean
cd /var/lib/apt
sudo mv lists lists.backup
sudo mkdir -p lists/partial
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update

and then try installing g++.


I have uninstalled Lord of the Rings online but desktop icons are still present

I had to rearrange your question bevor I understood it. There are two places where the desktop information resides:
/home/<user>/.local/share/applications
-where "<user>" is your user...  Note that ".local" is a hidden folder and might not be visible in your filemanager. Then you should change the visibility to "show hidden files".
If they are not to be found at the location above look at:
/usr/share/applications
Go into the first location and check if there are any "desktop" files that you mentioned and delete them.
The second location is not in user space. That means you might so use a terminal to delete them:
sudo rm /usr/share/applications/<filename>.desktop


There is no program listening on port 80 so it's closed and you can't connect to it.

You can use

sudo python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80

to start a simple web server listening on port 80, or install something like Apache (package apache2) if you want a full blown web server.


No window-decorations when running Compiz without Sudo

As for the "sudo" issue there should never be any need to run compiz as root, since you already own the xterm... you are logged in right... lol.
But in some certain circumstances we need to break the rules, like running a gui app as super-user, in these cases sometimes our config files get written to as root, and then whist trying to run that as a normal user we get a borked screen, or bad output from our program. So first off I would check the file perms on you configs for compiz, and the like to be certain that they aren't owned by root now.

Just be advised that gui apps as super-user can be very dangerous, and could potentially bork your entire installation, if not handled with care!!!

As for decorations, try running compiz like this compiz ccp&


Ubuntu installer, Couldn't get size:0x800000000000000e

I have fixed the issue, it was the GPU that was causing the problem not too sure why it worked before but anyway if anyone else is having the issue I fixed it by:

Installing Ubuntu 19.04 using using the safe graphics option
Once that has installed reboot the computer at it will have the broken screen that freezes
Turn off your computer and reboot using the motherboard graphics (Unplug the Display port/HDMI cable from your graphics card and put it into your motherboard)
You should then be able to boot into the Ubuntu 19.04 OS, from there go to software updater and update your GPU drivers by going to additional drivers and changing it to the priority and tested drivers and click apply (For a more detailed tutorial on how to update graphics drivers look here
Power down the system and put your HDMI/Display Port cable back into your GPU and you should be all set


Ubuntu 12.04: Can not accecss internet (ppp0) from Virtualbox guest windows 7

You are connected to the internet using ubuntu right? You need to be connected to the internet using ubuntu and then, access to this connection is given to the virtual machine. So just check. It works on an arch linux virtual machine, so I can't imagine that it won't work in a windows virtual machine.


Replacing Manjaro with Ubuntu - what should I put for boot loader device?

Selecting my existing efi partition at /dev/sda4 worked.  I can select the driver order in my BIOS, and Windows 10 recognizes Ubuntu as 'another device' in its blue boot menu.


'Error Splicing File: Input/Output Error' When Copying from a CD

It is because the files that were written to the CD had not finished writing in the first place. The folder that was copied to the CD has broken files. The files when written onto the CD gets saved in distributed parts. When they don't get written completely, you get these errors.

There is no problem with the format. Try writing the whole content over again with a fresh CD.


What is the default set of fonts available to web browsers after installation

Consider the following options:

Purchase WOFF2 font files to use on your site via CSS.
Find a suitable typeface on Google Fonts. After selecting some that you like, "Customize" to select the weights you want. Then follow the "Embed" instructions to use on your site.
Hope that users have sane defaults for serif, sans-serif, and monotype.

The default font set often changes. There is no guarantee that any particular font will be installed. Most fonts do not have all the weights you desire.

Ubuntu systems likely have Ubuntu installed.
Fedora and Red Hat systems may have Overpass installed. It is not currently available in Ubuntu repositories.
DejaVu was once used as the default on GNOME. Some still keep it around.
The current GNOME default is Cantarell. Many are likely to have it installed.
KDE users are likely to have Oxygen installed.
Noto is favored for its broad multilingual support.
Some font sets are automatically substituted when Arial, Times New Roman, or Courier are requested.

Liberation. Often installed with LibreOffice.
Croscore. Calibri and Cambria substitutes are available in Croscore Extra.
TeXGyre. Based on originals by URW.


You made the repository in ~/public_html/gitrepo.git. So, if you use Git over SSH, the path would be relative your home directory:

git clone askubuntu@DOMAIN_NAME:public_html/gitrepo.git


Use Chrome developer tools>Network tab and load the page.  Once the music starts playing let it go for a while.  Once it starts you should see one element continue to load, that's the stream.

Highlight a section of the Network graph with only the streaming url visible and then it will be listed in the text box below.


Update youtube-dl by adding this PPA

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install youtube-dl

Then you may download any video as usual. For example ::

sudo youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ix1rD4JD3eo


Create a clickable install script for software

With Windows .exes you always have to at least double click. In ubuntu, there is no way to single click either, other than a .deb.

One of the ways Ubuntu is more secure is because it doesn;t let things run. To allow something to execute, you have to run the command chmod +x file/to/be/executable or right click, and change the permissions.

Because of this, there is no way to just double click and install.

Alternatives are to get the user to run the command themselves - sudo apt-get install <package> && some-software-config-commands && another-config-command etc.

You could also package it in a .deb file, the equivilent of a .exe


Stuck at fsck "/dev/sda1: clean xxx/xxx files [...] " after upgrade to Ubuntu 16 from 14

You'll also run into this exact error if you run out of disk space as well. I was stuck at boot
Ctrl + Alt + F1 or F2 into tty2 login
df -h says /dev/sda1 is 100% used
I find the stuff I need to delete with this command
du -d1 -h /home/username | sort -h

For example, I deleted some folders like so
sudo rm -rf /home/username/Desktop/folder/*
sudo rm -rf /home/username/.cache/*
sudo rm -rf /home/username/.mozilla/*

reboot and now it boots up no problem now


How do I manage applications on startup in GNOME 3?

From terminal or Alt+F2 dialog run: gnome-session-properties.

For newer ( 3.14+ ) versions of Gnome just use the Tweak Tool from the applications menu.


software install issue with package manager

have you done what the message suggested?

  maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing


The permissions don't have the execute bit set, so bash won't execute the script. You can set the bit and execute the script:

chmod u+x mc.sh
./mc.sh

or let bash execute it for you:

bash mc.sh


Python unity indicator applet and glade child window exits at the same time

"on_preference_window_destroy":self.on_quit,

This line is your problem. When the window is destroyed, you're calling a quit method. When you close the window, it gets destroyed, thus resulting in your quit method being called.

Also, you don't want to call sys.exit(0) to exit a GTK+ application. You want to use Gtk.main_quit() instead. It would also be a good idea to convert your application to using the gobject-introspection bindings for GTK+ and related libraries, rather than using the old and deprecated pygtk bindings.


Trying to install node v6, but apt installs v8

thanks to karel

this worked

apt-get remove nodejs
snap install node --classic --channel 6/stable


Preferable and most widely used is not the same thing. While printf is better for many reasons, most people still use echo because the syntax is simpler.

The main reasons why you should prefer printf are:

echo is not standardized, it will behave differently on different systems.
It is hard to predict what you're actually running when you echo foo. To illustrate, on my Debian system:

$ type -a echo
echo is a shell builtin
echo is /bin/echo

As you can see, there are two different echo commands, one is a shell (bash in this case) builtin and another is a separate binary. Note that bash also has a printf builtin but its behavior is more standardized so it is less of an issue (thanks to @  RaduRădeanu for pointing it out).
Since some (but not all) implementations of echo support command line switches, it is hard to print a string that starts with a -. While many programs support -- to signify the end of switches and the beginning of arguments (for example, grep -- -a file will find lines in file that contain -a), echo does not. So, how do you have echo print -n?

$ echo -n           ## no output
$ echo '-n'         ## no output
$ echo "-n"         ## no output
$ echo \-n          ## no output
$ echo -e '\055n'   ## using the ASCII code works but only on implementations
-n                  ## that support -e

printf can do this easily:

$ printf -- '-n\n'
-n
$ printf '%s\n' -n
-n
$ printf '\055n\n'
-n

For more information than you ever wanted to know on why printf is better than echo, see this answer to a similar question on http://unix.stackexchange.com:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/65819/22222


Apps that can control the charge/discharge of batteries

This answer covers your question

How to charge the battery till 60-80% only?

Program to manage battery charge:

management application


How to debug a process developed in C running as a Wi-Fi Access Point?

GNU Debugger (remote server)
GDB is a source-level debugger that supports C among other programming languages, capable of breaking programs at any specific line, displaying variable values, and determining where errors occurred.

To install GNU Debugger and GNU Debugger (remote server) in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu, open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install gdb gdbserver

Usage

  gdbserver is launched on the target system, with the arguments:

  Either a device name (to use a serial line) or a TCP hostname and portnumber, and
  The path and filename of the executable to be debugged
  It then waits passively for the host gdb to communicate with it.

  gdb is run on the host (controller), with the arguments:

  The path and filename of the executable (and any sources) on the host, and
  A device name (for a serial line) or the IP address and port number needed for connection to the target system.

Source: Wikipedia


Why can't I cd into any subdirectories of my home folder?

Ubuntu is case sensitive (files and directories named with capital letters are different from those named in lowercase)

try cd Downloads


Which framework/toolkit for modern unity applications?

You don't need to use any specific toolkit to interface with Unity, all of it's APIs are available via GObject Introspection.  This means you can use them with multiple languages and multiple toolkits.  You are free to use Gtk or Qt, C/C++ or Python, or any other combination of language and toolkit you prefer.

You can see the Unity APIs here: http://developer.ubuntu.com/resources/platform/api/12-04/


How do I enable systemd units to run at first boot?

No manual linking is needed, all is done by systemctl. When you look at your output it shows service is disabled. Enable it with systemctl enable systemd-networkd That will allow it to run after reboot.


If you read the answer carefully, you could have noticed that supported kernels are 4.4-4.15.

You installed for an unknown reason the 4.17 mainline kernel. That's why the module is not building or working.

At present the RTL8723DE bluetooth device is suppored by the 5.3 kernel out of the box. This kernel is preinstalled with Ubuntu 18.04 iso and installable on the initial 18.04 release by

sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-18.04


What is the difference installing Ubuntu on a Galaxy Nexus from a Mac rather than a Ubuntu workstation?

I don't have the necessary rep to comment on your question, but I would have said this might help you out: Installing Ubuntu Touch Developer Preview using a Mac


Do Windows first; it's far easier to install Ubuntu after Windows.

The newer and easier to work with EFI/UEFI partitioning with GPT is preferred to MBR formatting since MBR drives are limited in the number of primary partitions, and Windows 10 wants multiple partitions. Have Windows format the HDD as NTFS, as Ubuntu reads/writes NTFS (the native Windows SSD/HDD format), whereas Windows requires special drivers to read/write ext4 (the native Ubuntu format).

Just put Windows on the SSD, then put Ubuntu on it, too; Ubuntu will repartition the SSD to make space for itself. You can adjust the sizes later.


This issue was caused by some weird issue during the upgrade from 19.04 to 19.10.

When the upgrade ended there were no errors and lsb_release -a showed 19.10 but for some reason after running apt update it showed 19.04.

I ran the upgrade again and everything was fixed.


Ubuntu 17.04 freezing completely at random intervals

Check to make sure that you have intel-microcode installed...

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install intel-microcode

Go to www.memtest86.org and download the free memory test and run it at least one complete pass... more if you have the time. If it freezes during the test, then you have a hardware problem. ie: bad memory, or something else.

Update #1:

Do you have an encrypted swap?


How do i install hplip plugin on a pc without internet connection

As the normal hplip installation procedure includes downloading and then installing the required plugin, you'll need to perform a more complicated manual installation.

Detailed information for such a manual installation can be found here:

http://hplipopensource.com/node/309

And here:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2178303

The list of plugins which you can download and manually install (preferably the latest one) by running this script file (which includes the self-extracting plugin) are here:

http://www.openprinting.org/download/printdriver/auxfiles/HP/plugins/


All of these directories are stored in memory (RAM+swap). They only occupy the size necessary to store the data. The “Size” column is the maximum size of the filesystem.

While you could reduce the maximum size by editing several startup scripts, this would make no difference to the amount of disk space or RAM they use.


White pixels at left border in gnome flashback

By upgrading to newer Ubuntu version. This problem is fixed in Metacity 3.12.0, but it is available only in Ubuntu 14.10.


Fresh user, fresh PC, fresh ubuntu 12.04 install

Was Win8 completely erased and are you gonna reinstall it?
I'd suggest splitting the smallest HDD evenly between the two and using the other for both as media (like I do).

NVidia + Ubuntu = Bad
There's probably a better way, but I'd suggest using a Live CD/USB to back up your files and do yet another fresh install. Make sure you have wired internet plugged up during installation.


The short answer is, without knowing your current password and without root/sudo access, you can't change your password.  The basic *NIX security model does not allow mortal users to change passwords for accounts they lack the rights to access.

Doing what you want would requite root (sudo) access or at least read access to the passwd and shadow files if you wanted to run cracking software on them.

If you can access your account over your SSH key (not sure what you mean by that), then you will have access to your account and thus, MIGHT be able to change your password with some finagling.  For example, creating a trust relationship using .rhost that will allow people with the same username access without requiring a password.  Needless to say, this is a dangerous vulnerability and is discouraged.

Most distros that I am aware of require users to know their current password before they can change it.  This, again, is part of the basic *NIX security model that has been in effect for around 50 years.

The moral to the story, of course, if to have some sort of a standard username/password management plan so that forgetting your password is recoverable.


problem accessing USB drive on nfs server from a client

Try the following

sudo blkid to get the UUID of the USB drive
Add an entry to /etc/fstab to make the drive mount the same way every time, use the UUID instead of the /dev/sdX path, mount it in /mnt instead of the temporary /media folder
Add the new mount path to your /etc/exports
sudo exportfs -ra to load the new NFS settings


How can I start Hexchat minimized with the main window hidden?

Hexchat can be launched to tray and skipping the main window with hexchat --minimize=2.


Why does Ivacy VPN turn off after a brief period of time?

After more research, found that the Firewall app was installed and active. Since Ivacy was not permitted to talk to servers, it would turn off after a period of time. Turning off the firewall allowed Ivacy to work as it should.


WordPress asks for FTP credentials, even though owner of the whole /var/www is www-data

In the meantime, I gave up and decided to configure FTP to work around the problem.
While doing that it turned out that wordpress is actually trying to find files under /srv directory (??!) and not under /var/www as I previously assumed, which looks like this:

#:/srv/www/wp-content/localhost$ ls -l
total 12
drwxrwxr-- 2 www-data www-data 4096 Dec  2 15:58 blogs.dir
lrwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data   39 Dec  2 15:58 languages -> /var/lib/wordpress/wp-    content/languages
lrwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data   37 Dec  2 15:58 plugins -> /var/lib/wordpress/wp-content/plugins
lrwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data   36 Dec  2 15:58 themes -> /var/lib/wordpress/wp-content/themes
drwxrwxr-x 3 www-data www-data 4096 Dec  3 13:20 upgrade
drwxrwxr-- 3 www-data www-data 4096 Dec  2 17:53 uploads

Except that user:group was set to root:root for all. Same was for everything under /var/lib/wordpress.
As soon as I changed permissions everywhere to www-data:www-data, things started to work without FTP.

Now the problem was that if I, say, install a theme automatically, the theme cannot be properly activated. It turns out it installs in the wrong place:

#:/var/lib/wordpress/wp-content/themes$ ls -l
total 12
lrwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data   48 Dec  3 12:11 index.php -> /usr/share/wordpress/wp-content/themes/index.php
drwxr-xr-x 7 www-data www-data 4096 Dec  3 13:38 montezuma
drwxr-xr-x 8 www-data www-data 4096 Dec  3 13:22 responsive
lrwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data   51 Dec  3 12:11 twentyeleven -> /usr/share/wordpress/wp-content/themes/twentyeleven
lrwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data   48 Dec  3 12:11 twentyten -> /usr/share/wordpress/wp-content/themes/twentyten
drwxr-xr-x 6 www-data www-data 4096 Dec  3 13:37 twentytwelve

So I have to manually go to /srv/www/wp-content and move those montezuma, responsive and twentytwelve above to /usr/share/wordpress and link back with ln -s. Pain in the ass.

Basically the only solution that I found was to not use the apt-get method of installing wordpress, but just do this:

cd /var/www
sudo unlink wordpress
sudo wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
sudo tar xvfz latest.tar.gz

Now everything works just as expected. Final solution - install wordpress manually and not from Ubuntu repository.


Apt-get dist-upgrade wants to destroy my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

The problem with udev/sysv-rc came from the fact that udev is now built from systemd sources and my PPA (ppa:ondrej/systemd) was not updated with newer sysvinit (that provides sysv-rc).

That has been fixed as of today, but I still would advice to test the upgrade in non-production environment first before deploying it on the server you care about.


Shorten or merge multiple lines of `&> /dev/null &`

The part &> /dev/null means output redirection. You can redirect multiple commands to the same file by grouping them into a block:

#! /bin/bash
{
google-chrome &
lantern &
xdg-open . &
emacs  &
code ~/Programs/ &
xdg-open ~/Reference/topic_regex.md &
} &> /dev/null

The same thing, however, cannot be used to start individual commands in the background (&). Putting & after the block would mean running the whole block as a single script in the background.


'Closing' (hiding) terminal without clearing it

You could try drop down terminals like Tilda or Guake.

Personally, I always have 2 drop down terminals running.


Do I need the alternate installer to install on a box with existing raid 0?

It turns out that the alternate install is not needed.  After booting the desktop install, you simply have to do the following as root:

apt-get install mdadm
mdadm --assemble --scan

Then, running blkid will give the UUID of the drive; this can be used to add an entry for the drive to /etc/fstab.

It's that simple!


why Alt+F2 r didnt work on gnome shell classic

Try killall gnome-panel

You can assign that to a keyboard shortcut if you want, it will restart the gnome panel.
There's no "classic shell", by the way, only the gnome-panel.


wifi keeps disconnecting; reboot helps but network-manager restart doesn't

Try turning off power management. From the pastebin power management is on.

Also try updating the kernel to the latest version. That should not be the issue but it doesn't hurt to try.


Pasted text in Gnome Terminal in 21.04 is always highlighted

This is a new "feature" in Bash. Should be reverted to previous defaults as soon as possible, IMO.
I'm seeing this bug in default MATE Terminal on fresh installation of 21.04 too,

so I have reported it to launchpad as bug 1926256 . Please mark yourself as affected by this bug and add a comment about GNOME Terminal use-case.


I created a script that makes the process a bit more simple. See here:
https://github.com/jschmid1/gopro_as_webcam_on_linux


dual boot MSI GS-60 with ubuntu and windows

If you only get a black screen after installing nvidia proprietary driver try this:

when in grub, select your default boot option (should be named Ubuntu) and press "e"
search for a line with "quiet splash"
delete "quiet" and "splash" and instead add "intel.idle_max.cstate=1"
press "F10"
enjoy a working Ubuntu or post what error you got

Also see this thread: Getting Ubuntu working properly on MSI GE62 6QF


According to your screenshot, your icons did not turn black. But indeed, they are not anymore orange, but gray. That is a deliberate change by the Ubuntu developers in the Yaru theme, the theme used by the Ubuntu desktop.


How do I share "/home" itself and give it write acces instead of readonly via Samba

Permissions in Samba are a mix of Samba permissions and unix permissions.  In your case, I suppose the directory /home was already created when you decided to share it.  Only, it belongs to a specific user (normally 'root').  You must then grant all users (Unix) write access to that directory.
You can do it by using the Java file manager in webmin, by selecting the /home directory and clicking the 'Information' button.  There, modify as appropriate.


xdotool not working after Ubuntu 17.10 upgrade

Do you have a discrete graphics card? if so, try using a different graphics driver.

I recently had a similar error on a clean install of Ubuntu. xdotool didn't seem to work, when it was definitely working on previous installations (They had been upgrades - but I wanted a fresh, clean install.)

I found that switching to the latest proprietary graphics drivers fixed my issue. The open source driver might handle synthesised input in a different way to the proprietary one.


Install ubuntu on macbook pro 11,2 with retina display

i do have the exact same question, but i doubt that anyone has an answer to that yet. (at least for 12.04 LTS)

check out http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2184760
and https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MacBookPro11-1/Saucy
for 13.04

i tried installing 12.04 but i do get black screen after selecting "Try Ubuntu" or "Install Ubuntu" (i do have the 15 inch iris pro model)
maybe i'm gonna look into that a little bit more..


Can I install Ubuntu 12.04 on MacBook 6.1 (Late 2009) on my external hard drive?

To install Ubuntu n your external hard-drive live boot from your Ubuntu CD/USB. When Ubuntu boots up click on install and select the following option during the installation:

If your computer has only 1 hard-disk, then your external hard-disk will appear as sdaB  Select your external hard-drive and partition and configure it as desired.

Continue installation as usual and Ubuntu will install on the USB Hard Drive.


What SSD support changes are there in 11.04?

Nothing has changed sine 10.10, but in 10.10 and I think 10.04 as well, you don't need to worry about partition alignment since the default alignment is 1 mb.


Samba shares won't automount on boot from fstab

Try to add _netdev (with the underscore) to the options. For example the first line in your fstab becomes:

//192.168.1.97/media /mnt/samba cifs credentials=/home/xbmc/.smbcredentials,rw,_netdev,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,sec=ntlm,auto 0 0

According to the manpage of mount this will delay mounting until the network is up.


How can I install proprietary drivers/repo via the command line in 13.04?

The operations described on this page modify the software repositories configuration file located at
/etc/apt/sources.list

However the drivers aren't exactly in a repo like you are thinking.
Check the out for more How do I install the latest Nvidia drivers via the Additional Drivers tool?


Dell laptop with Ubuntu preinstalled in India

http://www.ubuntu.com/dell

http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=256

this two links might help you.


How to use default VPN instead of Pulse Secure VPN on Ubuntu 20.04

As you can see on your screenshot, Network Manager's "Add VPN connection" dialog supports OpenVPN and PPTP VPN.
Pulse Secure VPN is not compatible with any of these, therefore it needs a dedicated client. You cannot connect to Pulse Secure using built-in Linux VPN support.


If you are on Ubuntu GNOME 17.04, you only need to make sure that all your packages are up-to-date, open update-manager, and start the release upgrade. That way you will automatically end up with Ubuntu 17.10.


Wi-Fi significantly slower on Ubuntu 20.04.1 than on Windows 10

Possible upstream (your router/DHCP server) missing configuration.
Is your MTU set to 1500, the right value for wired connections?
ip link

will show, and
sudo ip link set w1p2s0 mtu 1492

will set the correct wireless MTU.


Permission denied error when trying to run Atom

To solve this issue, you need to revert permissions to .atom config folder:

sudo chown <user>:<user> /home/<user>/.atom -hR

Seeing your image, I presume it's

sudo chown k:k /home/k/.atom -hR

If this doesn't solve it, I suggest you reinstall Atom using the deb package directly downloaded from Atom site (that's how I installed in my computer):

sudo dpkg -i atom-amd64.deb
sudo apt-get -f install

The last line is to install dependencies.


Install the “External Editor” Thunderbird extension from http://globs.org/download.php?lng=en

Configure the external editor.

Option 1: use gvim

This is an easy method which use gvim.

In External Editor’s Preference, set the Text Editor to:

gvim -f

Option 2: use vim in a terminal

If you prefer to use vim in a terminal as me, you may consider this option. Setting vim in the editor will simply fail.

First, create a script “callvim”:

#!/bin/bash

# we need a little trick to use vim inside gnome-terminal.
# Update on Oct. 22, 2013: This trick does not work on gnome-terminal 3.8.4
#   the "--disable-factory" trick does not make the terminal run in foreground.
#   You can use `gvim -f` or `xterm` instead.
# gnome-terminal --geometry=80x40 --disable-factory -e "vim $*"

    # use xterm
    xterm -e vim $*

Save it to a directory in your $PATH, such as ~/bin/, and remember to give
 it executable by ‘chmod +x callvim’.

Then, set the Text Editor in External Editor’s Preference to

callvim

How to use it

When creating or editing email, invoke vim to edit it by the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+E.

Edit the email in Vim and save and exit. The email in Thunderbird’s editor is changed.

Customize Vim for editing email

We can customize Vim to be a better email editor by set email-specific configuration in ~/.vimrc. Below is my configuration in .vimrc which set the text width to 68 charactors, set automatic spell check, default file encoding to be iso8859-1 and utf-8. Abbreviation is also available, which may be frequently used in writing email.

My email configuration in ~/.vimrc:

au FileType mail call FT_mail()

function FT_mail()
    set nocindent
    set noautoindent
    set textwidth=68
    " reformat for 72 char lines
    " normal gggqGgg
    " settings
    setlocal spell spelllang=en
    " setlocal fileencoding=iso8859-1,utf-8
    set fileencodings=iso8859-1,utf-8
    " abbreviations
    iabbr  gd Good Day!
endfunction

Source: https://www.systutorials.com/3301/vim-as-thunderbirds-external-editor-in-linux/


Process gets killed with Out of Memory - How to limit memory for the process?

ulimit is your friend. Check out the -m flag. I think you set this before you launch your process and it applies from then on (in the current shell).

FROM POST Memory limiting solutions for greedy applications that can crash OS?


I found another tool (it's listed in Synaptic), so I'll post it as answer in case others are interested in this feature - GTK Parasite:

  If you've used Firebug, it's sort of like that, but for GTK+
  applications.


Open your BIOS and find Touchpad settings.When u find, it must be advanced so change it to basic.. save and quit.


how to easily remove video metadata on Ubuntu 17.10/18.04? (using GUI instead of terminal)

You can create a shell script based on the current solution and create one or more file associations for it.

Shell script

#!/bin/sh
set -eu
ffmpeg -i "$1" ... "$1~"  # Replace the dots with your FFmpeg options
mv -T -- "$1~" "$1"

Save the script in a file and add executable permissions.

File association

See How to add a custom program to “Open With” list of programs in Xubuntu 13.04? How to associate a file with a program to open it with? (Despite the question title the answers cover all desktop environments that support the Freedesktop specification which means all major ones including GNOME and Unity.)


How to install Teamspeak 3 client on ubuntu 12.04 lts 32 bit?

Use these commands in a Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):

cd ~/Downloads (assuming saved in Downloads folder, otherwise where you saved it)
chmod u+x ./TeamSpeak3-Client-linux_x86-3.0.12.run
./TeamSpeak3-Client-linux_x86-3.0.12.run
Follow the instructions

or, you could try this (probably for an older version of Teamspeak, though)

sudo apt-get install teamspeak-client


From the mkswap manpage:

Note  that  a  swap  file  must  not contain any holes.  Using cp(1) to
create the file is not acceptable.  Neither is use of  fallocate(1)  on
file  systems  that support preallocated files, such as XFS or ext4, or
on copy-on-write filesystems like btrfs.   It  is  recommended  to  use
dd(1)  and  /dev/zero in these cases.  Please read notes from swapon(8)
before adding a swap file to copy-on-write filesystems.

And from the swapon manpage:

You should not use swapon on a file with holes.  This can  be  seen  in
the system log as

      swapon: swapfile has holes.

The  swap file implementation in the kernel expects to be able to write
to the file directly, without the assistance of the  filesystem.   This
is  a problem on preallocated files (e.g.  fallocate(1)) on filesystems
like XFS or ext4, and on copy-on-write filesystems like btrfs.

It follows that, while fallocate may be faster than dd, it's not suitable for creating swap files and not supported by swap-related tools.


Why I can't see the thumbnails in Nautilus?

This may happen if you get a different UID from the one you had before (this will remove you the ownership of those files). Try executing this on a terminal:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER ~/.thumbnails

From 12.10 onward, thumbnais are also stored in ~/.cache/thumbnails, so you may repeat the same process for this location.

If none of those solves your issue, you can always remove them (they are automatically generated, and I think failed thumbs generations are cached):

sudo rm -rf ~/.thumbnails/* ~/.cache/thumbnails/*

Note: it's not the case of OP, but if you don't get previews to video files (ex: mkv, mp4) probably you are missing the video codec. This can be easily fixed by open the video with "Movie Player": it will propose a suitable codec.


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS can't detect my ZTE MF193A modem

At first click on the networking icon on the top right side of the screen

see where the mouse pointer is situated click there
Then click on the edit connection button
Then click on the add connection and chose mobile broadband from the drop down list.
Then chose usb modem configuration option and hit continue
select your country and continue
select your provider and then on the next page select plan if you have a 3g plan then 7. select web or for 2g select gprs
Then apply settings.

Okay! you have configured your modem, now you have to connect to the internet for that click on the networking button again and enable networking if not enabled then you'll see your new connection named with the service provider's name is there . Now just click on that and see if it works. It worked for me. I have a micromax 310g bsnl3g(unlocked)modem using aircel 3g. Hope it'll help.


Have you upgraded or changed anything before it stopped working?
Did you change the default boot partition?

Ubuntu will probably be looking in the wrong partition for the kernel.

I will edit this answer as you respond.

EDIT: This great answer here gives you more info on the WUBI installer. This could be part of the problem. Generally I wouldn't use the WUBI for anything other than to try Ubuntu. Anything goes wrong with your windows partition or install it can usually have serious problems with the Ubuntu install.


display some text at the end of a script

Maybe it's better something like this (with zenity):

zenity --info \
--text="done!" \
--title="you did it!" \
--display=:0.0

at the end of the script


Removing left over kernel packages from previous kernel after hwe upgrade

You can install the 4.8 linux-tools by

sudo apt install linux-tools-generic-hwe-16.04 linux-tools-virtual-hwe-16.04

The linux-libc-dev should stay this version. It is not upgraded in 16.04.2.

That will install linux-tools packages that should match the running kernel version.

Also you can remove linux-image, linux-headers and linux-tools packages of the 4.4 version using e.g. synaptic if you are sure you won't use those kernels.


How can I use my Xbox One S controller via bluetooth?

To solve your problem:

Install sysfsutils

sudo apt install sysfsutils

Edit /etc/sysfs.conf (as admin), add this line at the end of the file:

/module/bluetooth/parameters/disable_ertm=1

Save changes and restart

Reference:

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2339212


uninstall python 2.7.6 and install 2.6 instead

You could try:

apt-get remove python2.7

Don't remove python 2.7, instead have both at the same time

Insert the following in /etc/apt/sources.list:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/fkrull/deadsnakes/ubuntu trusty main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/fkrull/deadsnakes/ubuntu trusty main

Or use another PPA of your choice. Then run:

apt-get update
apt-get install python2.6

Disclaimer: The PPA is just one I found on Google, no guarantees.


How can I share a folder with Samba on a NTFS drive on startup?

Not really sure why you've assumed terminal commands are the way to share folders with Samba. They are not.
What you need to do, assuming samba is already installed, is edit /etc/samba/smb.conf, a samba config file, and add the share to the bottom.

Example:

[some_name]
    path = /media/Data/folder_name
    writeable = no
    guest ok = yes

Hope that helps.


Ubuntu 17.04 Gnome 3.24 Wayland Session - Can't get Hybrid Graphics to work

Try this:

1.- Make a folder to store the SSDT files. Then extract it from the ACPI tables (run this part as root):

# mkdir dsdt
# cd dsdt
# SSDT_FILES=`ls /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/ | grep SSDT`
# for file in $SSDT_FILES ; do cat "/sys/firmware/acpi/tables/$file" > "$file.dat"; done
# cat /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/DSDT > DSDT.dat

2.- Make sure you have IASL installed. On ubuntu, sudo apt install iasl should suffice. I downloaded the source and compiled it myself to get the latest version, but I don't think thats necessary.

3.- There's a duplicate definition in one SSDT file which won't let us dissassemble it. Find out which one it is and delete it:

# grep PRT0 *.dat
Binary file DSDT.dat matches
Binary file SSDT1.dat matches
# mv SSDT1.dat SSDT1.bak

So in my case it is SSDT1. Replace it with whatever you get. Do not touch DSDT.dat

4.- Next, we find the SSDT file with the code we need to change. We look for the file with both "NVID" and "OSYS" are present: (There's probably a better way to do this in grep)

# grep NVID *.dat
Binary file SSDT10.dat matches
Binary file SSDT3.dat matches
# grep OSYS SSDT10.dat
# grep OSYS SSDT3.dat
Binary file SSDT3.dat matches

So in my case it was SSDT3, if its different you replace all further instances of SSDT3 with whatever you get.

5.- Disassemble!

# iasl -e *.dat -d SSDT3.dat

6.- Hopefully you don't see any errors at this point. Replace all instances of OSYS except the declaration with the constant for Windows 7, and bump the definition block number by one:

# sed -i '/^ *External/! s/OSYS/0x07D9/g' SSDT3.dsl
# sed -i '/^ *DefinitionBlock/ s/0x00001000/0x00001001/g' SSDT3.dsl

If you have a different BIOS, the Definition Block number might not be 1000. Just open SSDT3.dsl in a text editor and look for DefinitionBlock. Whatever number you see on that line, increment it by one.

7.- Compile everything and hope there are no errors.

# iasl -ve -tc -p SSDT3 SSDT3.dsl

8.- Make an image:

# mkdir -p kernel/firmware/acpi
# cp SSDT3.aml kernel/firmware/acpi/ssdt3.aml
# find kernel | cpio -H newc --create > acpi_gpufix

8.- All the following instructions corresponding to Ubuntu and GRUB2. Copy it to the boot folder. the initrd.img it's your default img from boot folder:

# cp acpi_gpufix /boot/

you can permanently add it to your GRUB by editing /etc/grub.d/10_linux. I had to change the line initrd ${rel_dirname}/${initrd} to initrd ${rel_dirname}/acpi_gpufix ${rel_dirname}/${initrd}. Then run update-grub2.

9.- To check if it works:

$ dmesg | grep ACPI | grep override
[    0.000000] ACPI: Table Upgrade: override [SSDT-PegSsd- PegSsdt]
[    0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000007A715080 Physical table override, new table: 0x0000000079493000

Now you can change the GPU wihtout freezes

source:

https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/issues/764#issuecomment-306543064
https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/1012369/linux/laptop-freezes-changing-video-cards
https://askubuntu.com/a/923216/680254


Absolutely! - But be careful!!

It depends on a couple of things, though.

You may be able to tell your BIOS that the second disk is the primary boot disk.  Have you tried that?

If that doesn't work, then you'll need to reinstall the bootloader somewhere.  That can be:

On the primary hard drive boot sector; or
On the secondary drive boot sector (and use the Windows Boot Manager); or
On the secondary drive boot partition; or
Any combination of the above

The overall process is to:

Gain access to the drive either by booting Ubuntu off a USB key
Edit the /etc/default/grub file to specify the correct partition (UUIDs can be helpful here to avoid writing to the wrong device.)
chroot into the partition and run update-grub

There may be easier options by using "Rescue a broken system" on the USB key, but I haven't tried those.

There's also a handy tutorial here.


My guess is that there simply is no option to do so considering how strange your situation is, good luck though and I hope you figure it out.


After much trial and error, I was able to get WebEx desktop sharing working in 64-bit Ubuntu just by installing a few packages:

Remove unnecessary packages that cause conflicts:

sudo apt remove icedtea-7-plugin:i386 icedtea-8-plugin:i386 icedtea-netx:i386

Install 32-bit Java, a necessary 32-bit library, the Java plugin, and Firefox:

Ubuntu 14.10+

sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre:i386 libxmu6:i386 icedtea-8-plugin firefox

Ubuntu 14.04 and below

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre:i386 libxmu6:i386 icedtea-7-plugin firefox

Make sure the correct Java plugin is configured:

Ubuntu 14.10+

sudo update-alternatives --set mozilla-javaplugin.so /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/amd64/IcedTeaPlugin.so

Ubuntu 14.04 and below

sudo update-alternatives --set mozilla-javaplugin.so /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/amd64/IcedTeaPlugin.so

Close and re-open Firefox, and WebEx desktop sharing should work.

You must use Firefox. WebEx will not work on Google Chrome as Chrome for Linux no longer works with Java.
If you don't remove and install the exact packages listed above, WebEx will work, but desktop sharing will not work.


messed up keys after permanently remapping

In short,

boot into recovery mode,
remount the root file system in write-enabled mode with

mount -o remount,rw /

and reinstall the packages that contain the original keyboard layouts:

dpkg-query -S /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc |
sed -e 's/:.*//;s/, /\n/g' | sort -u |
xargs apt-get install -f --reinstall

On most installations that will be equivalent to:

apt-get install -f --reinstall xkb-data


How to List all software installed on Ubuntu 14.04 and Uninstall them

Open up a terminal and type,

 $ dpkg --list

to list all the installed packages.

To completely remove the package you want, type:

 $ sudo apt-get purge <package_name>

For example,

 $ sudo apt-get purge phpmyadmin

Also, the easiest way to install these services is using tasksel,

 $ sudo apt-get install tasksel
 $ sudo tasksel
   (Select LAMP server and follow instructions)
 $ sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin


https://security.google.com/settings/security at the bottom of the page generate a password for thunderbird.


Ubuntu Certified Hardware pretty much guarantees a fully working machine, including proper fan management. I've never had Linux issues with a certified Lenovo, and if you do, Lenovo will help you solve the problem.

Fan control and heat management is usually support I find in all laptops as long as they are ACPI compliant. And according to this ArchLinux Wiki entry, the ThinkPad T41 has excellent ACPI support and supports nearly every function relating to it, including fan control and heat management.

That seems to be the least of any of the problems with using that laptop with Ubuntu. However, according to this AskUbuntu question, it appears it may not be fast enough for Ubuntu 12.10. I'd recommend sticking with 12.04 or Lubuntu for that one.


How to remote terminal into the standard desktop?

as far as I know, it's not possible to use xrdp to connect to the standard desktop (unity).  To work with xrdp and Ubuntu 12.10 and later, you need to specify an alternate desktop (xfce, mate-desktop,...)

if this would fit your needs, you could configure your Ubuntu system to have vnc configured to run at startup and use xrdp to connect to the standard Ubuntu desktop.  in the xrdp login box, you will need to select the console option

A full instruction guide can be found here


Bash Tab Auto-complete not working for apt

Open /etc/bash.bashrc with gedit or other text editor and uncomment the following lines:

#if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ] && ! shopt -oq posix; then
#    . /etc/bash_completion
#fi

It works for me.

On Ubuntu 16.04 the it looks like this:

#if ! shopt -oq posix; then
#  if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
#    . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
#  elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
#    . /etc/bash_completion
#  fi
#fi


Ubuntu installation unsuccessful in Windows 8

Have you tried booting from the USB again, and then using boot-repair? https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


First you have to stop network manager from background:

sudo service network-manager stop

Remove file on /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state path:

sudo rm /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state

Start network manager back:

sudo service network-manager start

Source


ClamAV ./configure "configure: error: Your OpenSSL installation is misconfigured or missing"

OK. If you want to learn how stuff is going compiled then do the following:

Enable Source code repositories  in Software & Updates (or software-properties-gtk)

After checking this checkbox it should ask about reloading package lists. You should confirm it. If unsure run
 sudo apt-get update

manually.

Install all needed tools for compilation
 sudo apt-get install build-essential

Get all build-dependencies of clamav package
 sudo apt-get build-dep clamav

And then proceed with ./configure as you plan to do.

Good stuff to read:

man apt-get about APT;
man checkinstall about correct method to install self-compiled stuff.


How do I change my DNS on Ubuntu 18.04? Which DNS should I use?

First, I recommend that you install namebench.

namebench  searches the fastest DNS servers available for your computer to use. namebench runs a fair and thorough  benchmark  using  your  web browser  history,  tcpdump output, or standardized datasets in order to provide an individualized recommendation.

Install namebench from the terminal:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install namebench

Start the program:

namebench

namebench makes thousands of queries and takes a few minutes to complete; please be patient. When it completes, a report will be prepared that illustrates the fastest available nameservers. Here is a sample from my machine:

  Saving report to /tmp/namebench_2018-12-24_1436.html

When we examine the saved report, we see:

Once you know the two or three most ideal nameservers, apply them in Network Manager's settings like this:

Turn DNS Automatic to off. Insert the IP addresses of the preferred nameservers, seperated by commas, click Apply and close.


You can set the opacity from Compiz Config Settings Manager (install it by sudo apt-get install ccsm). Open CCSM and go to Accessibility page, Then check the opacity brightness and saturation option if not already checked. Then click the same button to go view its options.
In there you'll find the tab Opacity, in this tab clikc on the New button in bottom and enter the values:

Window: DropdownMenu
Window Rules: 75

Window: popupmenu
Window Rules: 75

Window: Menu
Window Rules: 75

and back.

Compiz might crash when you check the button but dont worry about that. Just log out then in again and unity will be fixed.