It is likely that the network-manager state got corrupted. Open the file /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state. It should look something like this:
[main]
NetworkingEnabled=true
WirelessEnabled=true
WWANEnabled=true
Change any from 'false' to 'true' to re-enable networking. It may work better if you first stop NetworkManager:
sudo stop network-manager
And start it again once done.. Or reboot
This happened occasionally after wakeup in Lucid. In Maverick this should be fixed.


How can I bypass governmental censorship of certain websites, for instance in Iran?

There are a number of different ways to bypass government bans on websites. And one of them is Tor Browser.

Further information can be obtained from: www.torproject.org

And download options are here: www.torproject.org/projects/torbrowser.html.en

EDIT:
Although it's fairly straightforward as this Tor Browser Bundled runs as a portable tool, a PPA channel might also come very handy, at least for automatic updates:

https://launchpad.net/~upubuntu-com/+archive/tor
https://launchpad.net/~upubuntu-com/+archive/tor64


Add the next command line after validating the first command

Sure you can do that, simply add an && or || at the ending of the line depending you want the action be done if the previous command succeeds or fails. So for the following example I use the usual upgrade stuff but it works with almost every command.

#!/bin/bash
# an example upgrade script, call with sudo ./scriptname.sh
apt-get update &&
apt-get -y dist-upgrade &&
apt-get -y autoremove &&
apt-get clean

This would be for a script which only forwards on succession of the commands before. note that the last line has no &&, that is because it would throw you an error if it where there, because there is no next command to jump to.

Now an example for a failure, shall we? Taking again the same example but I want my computer to tell me how silly my action was (kidding):

#!/bin/bash
# an example upgrade script, call with sudo ./scriptname.sh
apt-get update &&
(apt-get -y dist-upgrade &&) || echo "THIS was not working right"
apt-get -y autoremove &&
apt-get clean

So this would in case the command fails output something, for more reading on the bash shell scripting you can visit the links I included here:

http://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/index.html

http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide


This is the expected behavior.

Even while they do match by default at creation time, you shouldn't confuse the dataset names, here tank and tank/home and the directories they are mounted to, initially /tank and /tank/home.

You (or someone else?) changed the tank/home mountpoint property to be /home. After doing that, the tank dataset can contain a directory named home and this directory is completely unrelated to the /home directory contained in the tank/home dataset.

Note also that tank is not a drive or even a volume, both tank and tank/home share the same storage pool so filling either of them will reduce their common available space.


How to full screen applications in Lubuntu?

Normally, you can get out of full screen with any of this combinations:

F11
Ctrl + F
Ctrl + Alt + Z (this is Eclipse exclusive)
Alt + F11

You should test in that order to make your windows back to normal.

This list is not extensive and could be modified with the time


How do I remove all files that match a pattern?

Use the find command (with care!)

find . -name '*.orig' #-delete

I've commented out the delete command but once you're happy with what it's matching, just remove the # from the line and it should delete all those files.


problem creating ubuntu 20.0 bootable usb disk, startup creator won't open, bootiso is frozen

Installing mkusb and dus
Mkusb and dus can also be installed to Persistent USB exactly the same as to an Installed drive:
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mkusb/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mkusb
sudo apt install usb-pack-efi

Version dus and guidus seperately
sudo apt install dus
sudo apt install guidus

Ref:
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1958073&page=95&p=13961108#post13961108


Install Ubuntu server on IBM x3200 m3 server (7328ac1)

You can burn the Ubuntu ISO on a USB and boot this USB up on your machine

You can burn iso's on a usb with tools like Rufus : https://rufus.akeo.ie

If that doesnt work i suggest to do it on the old way with an CD and burn the ISO on it with i a tool like http://www.imgburn.com

I hope this helps you!

if you have any question just ask them!


Stupid of me, I hadn't noticed the 1st line of lsof: an xrdp server was running on the same port. service xrdp stop and then a restart of the virtual machine solved it.


Yes. You should note that rc can be unstable. If you are adventurous and want to customize the kernel, downloading release package(s) directly from http://kernel.org/, building, and installing can be an option. Have fun.

Update: If you have installed virtualbox, vmware, and/or nvidia, you may want to hold off on using kernel v3.7-rc*. These require patches for building kernel modules. Issues are related to VM_RESERVED macro and include/linux/version.h header file. Am sure these issues will get resolved in coming days.


apt-get install network-manager-openvpn-gnome error

The package network-manager-openvpn-gnome is in Universe repository of Ubuntu.

Enable this repository first.

How do I enable the "Universe" repository?

Then install using

sudo apt-get install network-manager-openvpn-gnome

Extra suggestion, don't be root. Use sudo whenever possible.


tightvncserver on ubuntu 12.04 server with ubuntu-desktop installed no unity

Here's what worked for me (on an amazon EC2 instance)

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop tightvncserver

Edit ~/.vnc/xstartup to read (modified from the one found in the ubuntu docs):

#!/bin/sh

# Change "GNOME" to "KDE" for a KDE desktop, or "" for a generic desktop
MODE="GNOME"

#Uncommment this line if using Gnome and your keyboard mappings are incorrect.
#export XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1

# Load X resources (if any)
if [ -e "$HOME/.Xresources" ]
then
        xrdb "$HOME/.Xresources"
fi

# Try a GNOME session, or fall back to KDE
if [ "GNOME" = "$MODE" ]
then
        if which gnome-session >/dev/null
        then
                echo starting gnome
                gnome-session &
        else
                MODE="KDE"
        fi
fi

# Try a KDE session, or fall back to generic
if [ "KDE" = "$MODE" ]
then
        if which startkde >/dev/null
        then
                startkde &
        else
                MODE=""
        fi
fi

# Run a generic session
if [ -z "$MODE" ]
then
        xsetroot -solid "#DAB082"
        x-terminal-emulator -geometry "80x24+10+10" -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
        x-window-manager &
fi

Run:

tightvncserver -nolisten tcp -localhost -geometry 1024x786 :1

Like I said, it worked great for me, but your mileage may vary.


:()      # define ':' -- whenever we say ':', do this:
{        # beginning of what to do when we say ':'
    :    # load another copy of the ':' function into memory...
    |    # ...and pipe its output to...
    :    # ...another copy of ':' function, which has to be loaded into memory
         # (therefore, ':|:' simply gets two copies of ':' loaded whenever ':' is called)
    &    # disown the functions -- if the first ':' is killed,
         #     all of the functions that it has started should NOT be auto-killed
}        # end of what to do when we say ':'
;        # Having defined ':', we should now...
:        # ...call ':', initiating a chain-reaction: each ':' will start two more.

Source: Forkbombs on Wikipedia


How to make the ambient light sensor work on Asus Zenbook UX303?

First install the Asus Zenbook Ambient Light Sensor Driver.
 You can do this using DKMS.

cd /usr/src
sudo wget https://github.com/danieleds/als/archive/master.tar.gz && \
  sudo tar xvf master.tar.gz
sudo dkms add -m als -v master
sudo dkms install -m als -v master
sudo echo als >>/etc/modules

After that install the Asus Zenbook Ambient Light Sensor Controller.

Pick a folder to install it in. I like to use /home/username/bin.

cd /home/username/bin
git clone https://github.com/danieleds/Asus-Zenbook-Ambient-Light-Sensor-Controller.git
cd Asus-Zenbook-Ambient-Light-Sensor-Controller/service

Then on 64 bit systems run:

qmake als-controller.pro -r -spec linux-g++-64

Or on 32 bit systems run:

qmake als-controller.pro -r -spec linux-g++

then run

make

The generated binary file, als-controller, is what will monitor the light sensor.

How to use

Launch als-controller with root privileges, for example: sudo ./als-controller. This will be the service that monitors the light sensor.
Use the same program with user privileges, als-controller, to control the service. Some examples:

./als-controller -e     // Enable the sensor
./als-controller -d     // Disable the sensor
./als-controller -s     // Get sensor status (enabled/disabled)

For an ideal integration with your system, it is a good idea to start the service at boot (run als-controller as root), and then bind the script switch.sh (in the example folder) to a keyboard shortcut.


When will the next LTS version of Lubuntu be released?

"Please note that Lubuntu 12.04 is not an LTS (5 years support), but a 'standard' release, supported for 18 months. This is simply due the fact there is insufficient 'man-power' to commit to 5 years of support."

Source: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Lubuntu

There is a possibility of LTS for Lubuntu 14.04: https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/lubuntu-users/2013-April/003941.html

  Next steps are 13.10, and 14.04 which should be a LTS version for
  Ubuntu. Last LTS (12.04), I considered that we were not ready for such
  commitment. I was also unsure of the work needed to make a good LTS.
  With more experience, I have now a better vision of this goal.

  So, let's make it simple, I would like Lubuntu 14.04 to be a LTS
  version.

  But claiming we want a LTS its' not enough. First, we need to make it
  stable enough, so we can safely claim it's a LTS, because people who
  install a LTS want a stable system. But, I also would like to make it
  sexy enough to be proud of it, to make people happy to recommend it. I
  would like to make it THE release of Lubuntu, the reference of all
  Lubuntu releases. To achieve it, I have several goals in mind, items
  that I consider we need to finish for the LTS, and I think we can
  finish them ...

Read more about Lubuntu's future here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Lubuntu/Testing/14.04


How do I download steam? What additional software do I need?

First update your Ubuntu

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Steam was added to Ubuntu Software Center, you can install it quite simply through there now. And if there are any missing dependencies they will all be installed before installing steam.

Another way is going to Steam Powered website and download they're .deb direct link. Any dependencies required will also be installed.

However if you still encounter problems report back.


Cannot access windows share: GUI "Unable to access location" terminal mount: cannot mount read only

I have encountered the same issue. It seems, there is no solution for the problem, so far. However, as stated here, a workaround is to revert the max allowed version. Proceed as follows:

Install samba client sudo apt install smbclient.
Edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and add line:
client max protocol = NT1
under [global]

This solved it for me.


AC power adapter wattage and type cannot be determined - battery won't charge

The warning signal was from BIOS and had nothing to do with Ubuntu. Turns out there was something wrong with my charger making it unable to charge the battery. Replacing the charger with a new one fixed the problem and the battery now charges as it should.


converting filesystem of internal HDD from FAT32 to NTFS

The links of Takkat and the advise of oldfred were very helpful here is what I have done:

1) started windows (10) and useed convert filesystem from FAT32 to NTFS using convert. I think I have done this by:

convert E: /fs:ntfs

were E is the name of the shared hard drive.
2) waited some seconds until conversion has been terminated, used

vol E:

and made a note of the output

3) restarted, started ubuntu and did the following using terminal:

sudo blkid | grep '[number noted in step 2 but removed "-"]'

then made a note with the output

4) edited /etc/fstab by replacing the UUID of the partition, that has been converted, by the output of step 3, changed the filesystem from FAT32 to NTFS and choose some new options suggested by the previous responders, such that my new fstab has the following content:

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system>                             <mount point>   <type>  <options>                                                    <dump>  <pass>
# / was on /dev/sdb6 during installation
UUID=************************************    /               ext4    errors=remount-ro                                             0       1
# /HDD was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=****************                        /HDD            ntfs    defaults,nls=utf8,umask=007,gid=46,uid=1000,windows_names     0       1
# swap was on /dev/sdb5 during installation
UUID=************************************    none            swap    sw                                                            0       0

of course I give no guarantee neither that this works for you, nor that I remembered everything right, you do it at your own risk ;)


How to find out the credentials of a gvfs share mount

I'll answer my own question.

Upon connection via the file browser, cvfs automatically uses the share's user, share and password.

If you are in a similar position, open up the connection in the file browser and then pick "open directory in terminal". Now the terminal will show the directory in the gvfs-way, meaning it will display the share name like this:

ben@ZOTAC:/run/user/1000/gvfs/smb-share:server=192.168.100.175,share=hap_internal/lost+found$

The share name is "hap_internal".

To find out about the users that are able to login to a certain share you can use nbtscan, which is in the repositories, which scans local shares and displays their potential users..

ben@ZOTAC:~$ nbtscan 192.168.100.0/24
Doing NBT name scan for addresses from 192.168.100.0/24

IP address       NetBIOS Name     Server    User             MAC address
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
192.168.100.0   Sendto failed: Permission denied
192.168.100.102  OMV              <server>  OMV              00:00:00:00:00:00
192.168.100.159  ZOTAC            <server>  ZOTAC            00:00:00:00:00:00
192.168.100.255 Sendto failed: Permission denied
192.168.100.175  HAP-S1           <server>  HAP-S1           00:00:00:00:00:00
ben@ZOTAC:~$

The share user to login to the share name is "HAP-S1".

All this information was used by gvfs behind the curtains to establish the connection.

The password would be impossible to find out, but since the filebrowser was able to connect to the share via gvfs I figured it would be blank.

You can now use those credentials in a cifs mount:

sudo mount -t cifs -o nounix,uid=LOCALUSR,user=SHAREUSR,password=SHAREPWD //192.168.0.102/SHARENAME/ /media/mountpoint


How do you install tplink tl-wn823n v2 on ubuntu 16.04?

Try installing the driver for the TL-WN823N V2 from TP Link's Website:
http://www.tp-link.com/en/download/TL-WN823N.html#Driver

TL-WN823N(EU)_V2_160315_Linux is the Linux version of the driver on that page.


just download Ubuntu and either burn onto a DVD or usb stick ... then boot up using this which will by default use the open source video drivers not Nividia ... this is a quick way to see of your machine is happy running Ubuntu ... If OK then do an install

Today this open source graphics driver ( Nouveau ) is robust and uses a very current OpenGL release ... in the ancient past only dedicated OEM drivers like Nvidia or AMD offered current OpenGL specs

Are you seeing Nouveau not giving you the most current OpenGL release your Nvidia graphics card supports ?

Once installed you can easily choose Nvidia drivers ... System Settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers ... give it a few seconds to list Nvidia drivers which you can cut over to


"allow executing file as program" box was already marked in the files I downloaded

There are a few important sub-questions, here, so I'll attack this piece by piece:

What makes a file "executable"?

Linux and Unix systems determine whether a file is executable by examining the "execute" (-x) bit of the file permissions.

If you go to a terminal and run ls -l Downloads (replace "Downloads" with the location of your downloaded files, if different). You may see something like this:

total 13557K
-rwxrwxr-x  1 Matthew Matthew  13557241 Apr 11 04:11 Downloaded_Game

The xs in the first column mean the file is executable by the owner (Matthew), the group (Matthew), and world (everyone). (The r and w correspond to "readable" and "writable", respectively.)

OK, what is setting the "execute" bit?

Whenever a file is created on a Linux system, the process (program) that is creating the file (in your case, most likely your web browser) must specify the file permissions. These permissions are then usually but not always limited by the user's umask. See the manual page for umask for more information on this sub-question.

What difference does this make to security?

You may have a point in questioning whether there is a potential security risk in marking downloaded files as executable. However, Linux and Unix systems in general are historically noted for getting in the user's way as little as possible.

That being said, Linux and Unix systems also inherently limit the damage that executable programs can do, at least when those programs are run by a regular user (and not as the superuser, root). A program that deletes your home directory could likely still ruin your lunch break, but as is the expectation of responsible users of any operating system, you are ultimately the one responsible for ensuring you only run programs that you trust, or can verify yourself.

In other words, even with the execute bit on, you still have to make the decision to run the program. More importantly, even without the execute bit, the file can still be executed, so it would be false to consider the lack of an execute bit more "secure" in any significant sense.

Conclusion

In short, don't worry overmuch about a file's executable status. As emphasized above, be careful what you download in the first place, and verify what you download before you run it. Where possible, use trusted sources like the Ubuntu apt repository.


Checking for 'gee-0.8' >= 0.8.0 : not found

Please install first these packages:

libgee-0.8-2
libgee-0.8-dev

You can install them with this command:

sudo apt-get install libgee-0.8-2 libgee-0.8-dev

Or with this other:

sudo apt-get install libgee-0.8*


Can only see 600Gb of 7TB hardware raid?

I don't think you're in luck.
https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docId=emr_na-a00019076en_us#N10238
is not mentioned to be supported for Ubuntu at all (not even 18.04).

Might be the drives only report what system can read from them without a proper driver, and 680GB is what it gets from the device.

Your best shot is probably sending a support request to HP, since this hardware is VERY specific and not something people have at home computers. I'd love to help but never had either of the hardware raids provided along with DL560 GEN10


A little more research and I found my answer.

By default, the only network that is created is the admin subnet, which creates a 10.10.0.0/16 network, which isn't usable by VMs, regardless of the floating IP.

The first step is to create a new tenant network. Under Networks>Network

Create network:
Network Name: vm-net
Check the 'create subnet' box

Subnet name: vm-subnet
Network Address: 192.168.1.0/24
IPV4
Gateway: 192.168.1.1
IP allocation pool: 192.168.1.2,192.168.1.254

Then create the router: Network > Routers
Name it and select your external network

Once it's created click on new router details, and click Interfaces
Add a new interface by naming it and selecting your vm-net subnet

I think that was it.  I'll update this answer if I discover more.


That's not how it's supposed to be. You only download the Tor Browser from their official website (torproject.org).

From its looks it seems that you're using Micah Lee's Tor Browser Launcher, which you also shouldn't download from the Software Center, rather use,

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:micahflee/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install torbrowser-launcher

In any case, to solve your problem use this command:

gpg --homedir "$HOME/.local/share/torbrowser/gnupg_homedir/" --refresh-keys --keyserver pgp.mit.edu

That should fix your problem.


Ubuntu 16.04 boot taking more then 5 mins

I also had this problem, and solved mine just now. Apparently in the /etc/fstab there was a reference for a swap partition that is nonexistent on my secondary hard drive because I've formatted it earlier today. And that's when it started to take 2-3 min to boot. It was booting in 10 seconds before that.
As mentioned on here archbang forum

I commented out that part on fstab file sudo gedit /etc/fstab and it was fixed.


In the past you did this by modifying /etc/resolv.conf.  Now /etc/resolv.conf is managed by resolvconf.  So now you do:

Create a file named /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/tail
Add the line search mydomain.tld to that file
Run sudo resolvconf -u


GIMP Windows Placement when Opened in Unity

As a result of this discussion, I was thinking a little about GIMP window placement under Unity.  I do not disagree with the assertion that Compiz is responsible for the issue.  However, after taking a slightly deeper look, this is what I found:

In light of the above pic, I am now curious to know how Workspaces are managed under Unity.  It seems that is may be an issue with how Compiz's window placement interacts with the management of workspaces.  Does this seem to be a reasonable way of looking at this issue?


Shall I install ATI drivers, or keep the open source ones for now?

Unfortunately, I have just recently realised after some testing, that if you have an ATI card, you will either:

Use the open source drivers and have almost everything work great (HD movies, Gnome Shell work like a charm on my HD6890) except gaming (most games I tried never started at all including Trine, Savage 2, Regnum Online)
Use the proprietary drivers (they're up to ver. 11.11 now) and get all games working great but lose overall smoothness and enjoy choppy HD video playback.

I chose in the end not to game, and hope that AMD gets their act together or I'm selling my card and getting an Nvidia one.


I experienced the same problem last year trying to install ubuntu using a 16GB USB stick. The problem did not occur using a 2GB USB stick so you could try using a smaller size USB stick.


The Unity Web Search lens is out of date. It requires gir1.2-unity-3.0 which has been upgraded to gir1.2-unity-4.0 in 11.10. There isn't much of a way around it except for maybe running 11.04 rather than 11.10, updating the package yourself, or just waiting for someone else to update it.

You might be able to change the list of prerequisites for the package to include the newest version of gir1.2-unity, but I wouldn't know how to do that.


My partitions are not shown since I installed Ubuntu 14.04

If you installed Ubuntu 14.04 with the replace Windows 8.1 option then it replaced Windows 8.1 completely which means that Ubuntu took over the partitions that used to be occupied by Windows 8.1.

Even though the partition has been "deleted" the data should still be there as long as it was not overwritten by new files.

You may still be able to recover some of the data from the Windows 8.1 partition using some of the tools in this documentation. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery

Keep in mind you may not be able to recover all of your files, and some of the files that you do recover may be corrupted.


Ubuntu 12.04 - Swiching Multiple Windows from a Program

You don't want to use Alt+tab to switch between windows of the same type. Instead of tab use the button directly above it, which can be different between keyboard layouts. alt+ButtonAboveTab does the same thing that Alt+tab does, except directly between windows of that application.

Also, using super+number of item will bring up the switcher. For instance, if Nautilus is directly below the Ubuntu button and you have more than Nautilus window open, press super+1 to focus Nautilus and than again to view all windows.


Disco dingo - mysql workbench - issue in installing

Now, mysql workbench is available for ubuntu 19.04. You can manually install after downloading the file.

Step 1: Direct download link- https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=488567

OR

Visit here select your OS then download as per OS version https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/workbench/

Step 2: sudo apt install file_path_of_downloaded_workbench

for me it is:

sudo apt install /home/prashant/customInstallations/mysql-workbench-community_8.0.17-1ubuntu19.04_amd64.deb

Finish!!


Is is possible to change Super + T to terminal?

Install CompizConfig:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Then run it from the dash and look for the section called key bindings or something similar. Look for the one that opens the terminal, and you can change the keybindings there.


How do you add "open in terminal" to the right-click mouse menu for folders/directories?

You first need to install the package nautilus-open-terminal from Software Center or Synaptic Package Manager

Then goto command line and type

nautilus -q

Then open nautilus and you can find "Open in Terminal"

If you want to assign a keyboard shortcut to this action, please consult the following Q&A:

Keyboard shortcut for "open a terminal here"


Getting error while trying to do software update

It's a network problem. Just because you are connected to LAN doesn't guarantee (full) Internet access. If you know you have Internet access then it may be a firewall issue.

Try to ping the repository and see if you get a DNS resolution and response. For example, if you are using the U.S. repository then try this:

ping us.archive.ubuntu.com

If you are in another country then you should use a repository closer to you. You can check your sources (/etc/apt/sources.list) to see which servers you are trying to connect to.

If you don't resolve or cannot ping then I suspect that you are being blocked.


Try doing update via terminal first sudo apt-get update then upgrade everything sudo apt-get upgrade ,then run software-center and try again.


Purpose of .dir, .install files in packages

debian/install and debian/packagename.install files both have the same purpose, the latter being used in case you build multiple binary packages from the same source (so you need to distinguish which files go into which resulting package).

If the source Makefile(/other install system) already takes care of installing for you, they are generally not needed, (extra) files that aren't installed otherwise can be installed by these.

The syntax is simply:

path/sourcedir/file path/installdir
# for example
data/foo.jpg usr/share/packagename

See http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/maint-guide/dother.en.html#install

--

Likewise goes for debian/dirs and debian/packagename.dirs which instead creates empty directories:

path/installdir

It's normally unnecessary unless you specifically need an empty directory or if there is a problem with the source Makefile...

See http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/maint-guide/dother.en.html#dirs


How do I stop the installer putting invalid entries in my /etc/hosts file?

I can think of two places to look:

If these are client installations using the casper live cd environment, it sounds like this is set within that environment. Grab either a cd or an iso image, take the casper/initrd.lz file and uncompress it:

lzma -dc -S .lz initrd.lz | cpio -imvd --no-absolute-filenames

Most configuration is set in scripts/casper-bottom. You may find a clue in there.

See here for more details on how to manipulate a CD:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomization

If not, I'd next go looking into the Ubiquity installer, I reckon you can look at the files and code if you boot a Live CD. If this is done at install time, Ubiquity is where it would be done.


Removing gnome panel to the right on ubuntu 10.04

Easily fixed by removing three lines

panel_0
panel_1
panel_2

at the bottom of ~/.gconf/apps/panel/general/%gconf.xml and restarting my machine.


3D Acceleration Not working with Virtualbox Tools 5.2.6

It looks like this issue relates to OSX. @RobertRiedl looks like you may have been the closest. I installed Developer Tools and XQuartz, this gave me access to glxinfo. Running glxinfo | grep OpenGL then gave me the following...

OpenGL vendor string: ATI Technologies Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: AMD Radeon R9 M370X OpenGL Engine
OpenGL version string: 2.1 ATI-1.60.26
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.20
OpenGL extensions:

This leads me to believe it is using OpenGL 2.1 which isn't supported by Ubuntu for 3D accerleration EmIRight?

This is also pretty strange as their own documentation says they support 4.1 (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT202823)


Well, nothing to say about your keyboard problems, but installing Gnome Shell in Ubuntu 11.10 is quite easy: typing "sudo apt-get install gnome-shell" in a terminal and choosing Gnome-Shell from LightDM.  And yes, it's a "decent gnome shell", it's just the last version of it. ;)

It's simple.  It's easy.


Wireless doesn't work after suspend on a Centrino Wireless-N 130 on a Samsung NC110-A01

Maybe this method will help:

Find your wireless card it this list:
lspci
Find out what driver your card using now:
lsmod
Try to find driver for this card (for example: for my D-Link DW-525 there was Ralink driver)
Install original driver.
Blacklist old default driver.

I've done this and now it's OK.


Black screen after installation Latest Nvidia Driver 340.46 via PPA in Ubuntu 14

If you can't switch to tty by ctrl + alt + F1 combination you have to launch rescue mode. You can do it by holding shift after post test (before ubuntu start launching). Now select you want to have network connection and go to root command. You have to remount your drive from read only to full access:

  mount -o remount,rw /

Now purge your current nvidia drivers installation by:

  apt-get purge nvidia*

and restore older driver:

  apt-get install nvidia-current

Now you can try to reboot.
(and in farther way install e.g nvidia 331 drivers)


If filesystem is mounted with the acl option (default in ext4 in any modern Ubuntu - if not, add it to /etc/fstab), you can use setfacl:

setfacl -m u:USERNAME:r FILENAME

would give user USERNAME read access to FILENAME.


The first command, last reboot, does not tell you the boot time. It tells you at what times your system was running. For example, the first entry tells you that your system has been running from 14:55 to 16:35 on Wed 8. That's 1 hour and 39 minutes. It did not take your system 1 hour and 39 minutes to boot - hopefully ;)

The second command, dmesg, brings you closer to what you want to know, but since dmesg will continually output more system events while your system is running, it's not the tool of choice to measure boot time either.

If you really want to reliably measure your system boot time, I would recommend a tool such as bootchart.

See here:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/BootCharting


Unetbootin doesn't show windows 7 iso installer on the boot menu

UNetbootin and Windows
UNetbootin does not do Windows.
From a Windows computer you can use Windows Media Creation Tool
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/create-installation-media-for-windows-99a58364-8c02-206f-aa6f-40c3b507420d
or Rufus
https://rufus.ie/
From an Ubuntu computer you can use mkusb-plug
Make Windows 10 bootable USB in Ubuntu
or mkusb-dus
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb#Windows_USB_install_drive


Script not found or unable to stat, one page and not others, same permissions

I found my mistake, Now I have to use in the address the name of the file exactly as it is. Before I could use

sistemas/garantias/imprimir_solicitud.php

and it would show me the page, now I must use the name as it is:

http://sistemas/garantias/Imprimir_solicitud.php

Notice the capital I in word "Imprimir"... that was the problem.


Dual Boot Ubuntu on a laptop with Hard Drive

Your installation is quite odd. Some key points from the Boot Info Script output:

/dev/sda uses the GUID Partition Table (GPT). This is usually associated with EFI-mode booting.
/dev/sdb uses the older Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning system. This is usually associated with BIOS-mode booting.
/dev/sdb's MBR has a copy of the Windows boot loader.
The main Windows installation is on /dev/sda.
/dev/sda1 is an EFI System Partition (ESP), and it looks like it holds a copy of GRUB, which is Ubuntu's boot loader.
The main Ubuntu installation is on /dev/sdb.

Thus, it looks like you've got a weird setup in which a BIOS-mode boot loader on /dev/sdb boots Windows from the GPT /dev/sda, and an EFI-mode boot loader on /dev/sda boots Ubuntu from the MBR /dev/sdb. I'm puzzled about how it got into this configuration, since I'd expect each OS's installer to complain quite loudly and refuse to contort itself into such a bizarre configuration; but obviously, it's somehow gotten configured in this way, and it sounds like Windows is booting.

My initial reaction to this setup is to advise you to wipe it out and start from scratch, re-installing both OSes in a more sensible way. If you're willing to do so, I recommend going with GPT and EFI-mode booting exclusively. The following pages will help you get this set up in a more reasonable way:

Adam Williamson's blog entry on how EFI works -- This page describes the theory behind EFI-mode booting.
My page on installing Linux on EFI systems -- This page is a more practical introduction to EFI-mode booting than Adam Williamson's blog.
My page on the CSM -- This page covers the CSM, including when it's useful and when it's not. If you follow my advice, you'd want to disable your CSM so it doesn't complicate things.

If you can't re-install everything, it's much trickier. I presume that you'd want to preserve Windows, since Ubuntu is a fresh installation; but the Windows boot path is so strange (being both cross-disk and involving an MBR/BIOS boot loader that boots an installation from a different GPT disk) that any procedure you follow runs a serious risk of rendering Windows unbootable. If you're willing to take that risk, I recommend:

Completely back up your Windows installation, or at least your important user data; there's a significant chance that you'll have to restore a backup if you follow the below procedure.
Boot the Ubuntu installer in BIOS mode (see my CSM page, above, for tips on how to do this). Tell it you want to try Ubuntu without installing.
Using GParted, shrink a partition on /dev/sda by 1MiB and create a BIOS Boot Partition in its place. (See here for basic GParted usage instructions.)
Launch the Ubuntu installer using the icon in the bar to the left of the screen.
Tell the installer to install to the existing partitions on /dev/sdb.
Tell the installer to install the boot loader to /dev/sda.
Finish the installation.

With any luck, the system will boot into GRUB, which will then enable you to launch either Windows or Ubuntu. If you're unlucky, though, it might not work at all, or you might be able to boot one OS but not the other. If you find that the system continues to boot straight to Windows, adjusting the boot order in your computer's firmware setup utility may fix the problem.

EDIT: Egrimo's suggestion to use rEFInd might be another way around the problem, but it's not as easy as just installing rEFInd. You'd need to adjust its scanfor line, as noted in my comment to Egrimo's answer. I strongly recommend testing it from a USB flash drive before attempting to install rEFInd to the hard disk, given the delicate nature of the current installation.


Does right-clicking on the window title and selecting "Keep below others" from the dropdown menu solves your problem? I do not have access to a Unity environment at the moment, but as I remember the option always was there.

UPDATE: Ok, after some checking I've found that the option is present in KDE, XFCE and LXDE (Kubuntu, Xubuntu and Lubuntu, respectively), but is disabled/hidden in Gnome, even in older versions.

Also, it seems that GTK does have the required functionality, so it's just a matter of Gnome developers' preference not to expose "unnecessary" or rarely-used settings ("settings kill kittens", as they say). There may or may not be a hidden key somewhere which enables the menu item.

UPDATE 2: I was going to propose you to write a small program which finds a window using, say, gtk_get_window_at_pointer API call and sets it as "always on bottom" with gdk_window_set_keep_below API call (in case you don't mind some programming), but it appears everything has been written for us already: there's a program called Devil's Pie (and also GDevilsPie) which are available in Ubuntu repositories. The program allows you to write some rules which match open windows and perform some actions on them (move to a specific workspace, maximize, minimize etc.)

Here's the documentation

Here's an aricle discussing specifically how to implement "below others" functionality using Devil's Pie or another program called wmctrl

To prevent link rot:

  As an example, the first snippet below will toggle the full screen
  state of whichever window is selected with the mouse. The second
  example does almost exactly what we want, it toggles the always on
  bottom state of the active window.

wmctrl -r :SELECT: -b toggle,fullscreen

wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b toggle,below


What do the 68 group symbols in KeePassX stand for in detail?

They are icons you can choose from to associate to the group you are creating. No hidden meaning intended, I think.

The icon will be shown near the name of the group in the groups' list on the left of the main window.


How to access my NAS via the command line using rsync

Go to a terminal using Ctrl+Alt+T

Type the following command:

route

This should give you something like:

Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
default         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 wlan0
192.168.1.0     *               255.255.255.0   U     9      0        0 wlan0

Then type the command:

telnet TheIPAddressBelowTheWordGateway

It should then ask you for a user name and password.  Give it the username and password of the router

This should bring you to a Linux shell on your router. You can then issue any command that your router's Linux firmware has installed.

Warning I don't own your hardware, so cannot test this for you...


Desktop: No GUI, but system still sleeps?

Found it! Turns out it was the oldest trick in the book: logind. I'd been there a whole bunch of times when tweaking sleep events on laptops, I hadn't thought of going there until today.
I happened to be looking at the PC, and at that precise moment it went to sleep. So I brought it back up, looked through syslog, and saw:
Jul 12 13:01:07 mediapc systemd[1]: Reached target Sleep.
Jul 12 13:01:07 mediapc systemd[1]: Starting Suspend...

A Google search for "systemd reached target sleep" took me to this blogpost from 2018, on Debian. But Debian's a relative of Ubuntu, so I though I'd give it a read.
Then I checked /etc/systemd/logind.conf and found:
IdleAction=suspend
IdleActionSec=90min

Another look through the syslog file, I found that sure enough, the sleep events were ocurring at 90 minute intervals. So I gave it a savage tweak:
IdleAction=poweroff
IdleActionSec=10min

And rebooted. And sure enough, 10 minutes later, the system powered off.
Finally I set the lines in /etc/systemd/login.conf to:
IdleAction=suspend
IdleActionSec=180min

So now my system sleeps after 3 hours of inactivity.
The other power management package I was looking for, I believe, was powernap. That one lets you not only set sleep event times, but also events to keep from sleeping. So, in the future I'll probably end up disabling the event in logind, and letting powernap do all the handling.


Where are you located?  If your in the US, instructions are below, otherwise you might need a UK VPN or one for your country.

I use the below built into Ubuntu, no third party software required but note that a VPN is not the same as a proxy though it will get around the blocking.  If you wish to use a proxy still, there are plenty of web proxies available but I think a lot of ISP's that block certain sites, would also block popular web proxies and they are often very slow.
http://strongvpn.com/difference_between_proxy_and_vpn.shtml

It is a US VPN and it should get you around your ISP issues.  There are others I'm sure but this is the one I've been using with success.
http://usafreevpn.com/

All you have to do is click on the wireless icon on the top right in Ubuntu, hover over VPN Connections and then click configure VPN.

Click add and on the VPN tab, fill in the details from the website above.

Give the connection a name at the top and click OK.

Then click on the wireless icon again and click VPN connections and click the name you gave it above.

Ubuntu will try to connect and will inform you if it does connect.  You disconnect the same way when your done.


rename ubuntu 20.04 hostname to `new_master_1` results in hostname `newmaster1`

Correct. This wiki entry goes into greater detail. Be sure to look at the section on restrictions:

Hostnames are composed of series of labels concatenated with dots, as are all domain names. For example, "en.wikipedia.org" is a hostname. Each label must be between 1 and 63 characters long, and the entire hostname (including the delimiting dots but not a trailing dot) has a maximum of 253 ASCII characters.
The Internet standards (Requests for Comments) for protocols mandate that component hostname labels may contain only the ASCII letters 'a' through 'z' (in a case-insensitive manner), the digits '0' through '9', and the hyphen ('-'). The original specification of hostnames in RFC 952, mandated that labels could not start with a digit or with a hyphen, and must not end with a hyphen. However, a subsequent specification (RFC 1123) permitted hostname labels to start with digits. No other symbols, punctuation characters, or white space are permitted.

Letters A to Z with numbers and dashes only


Why is the Lenovo Thinkpad X301 not Ubuntu Certified?

Possible reason: suspend/resume does not work out of the box. Otherwise it could indeed never been tested and you will have to wait for them to test it.

So let not everyone face the same problem as you have: why wait for Lenovo and Conanical if we can do it ourself! See https://friendly.ubuntu.com where we can add our own experience.

Ubuntu Friendly is an open hardware validation programme for desktops, netbooks and laptops which allows you to validate your computer as "Ubuntu Friendly" based test results. The Ubuntu Friendly website lists systems that are were tested and work to different degrees with a particular release of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu Friendly is a community driven hardware validation programme, not a certification programme (for the Certification see Ubuntu Certified programme). Its goal is to have a list of rated systems that people have tested with a particular release of Ubuntu.

There is only 1 report for this system (and it is against 11.10). Maybe you (yes anyone on AU) can add yourself with your experience? It should only takes 15 minutes and you would be helping others with the same machine. And that does not apply for just your machine but any one reading this ;)


First cd into your root directory. Then run this to find the biggest offenders:
find . -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d -exec du -sh {} \; | sort -rh | head

Now cd into one of the big offenders and run the same command again. Keep going down the directory tree until you find the offending files.
Explanation:

maxdepth says just do the find on the files in the "." directory
mindepth says don't include the "." directory (only look at files one level down from "."
the -type d flag says only match directories
exec says to execute the following command
du is the command to tell you how much disk space is used by files in a directory. the -s flag tells du to report the total from the given directory and all directories within it, not each subdirectory separately. The -h makes the bytes into human-readable format - like M for mega and G for giga.
exec replaces the {} symbols with the matched directory name
the ; simply terminates the command run by exec (the backslash escapes the ";" and the ";" ends the command)
then we pipe this whole output into sort which sorts the directory sizes from the find command -- the -r flag sorts in reverse order, the -h flag tells sort to interpret numbers like 10G and 10K by their value and not by their string sort order.
finally we pipe into head so that you don't get a screen full - you just see the top "offenders"


Grub doesn't show both Ubuntu installations

I the os-prober utility wasn't executable. I had to run this:

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/30_os-prober

and then

sudo update-grub2


HP 530 Wireless problem. Bad communication with access point

I had the same problem with Natty and that was just a dhcp problem.
A static ip adress fix the problem in my case.

Hope that will be helpful for someone ...


this error : g++: internal compiler error: Killed (program cc1plus)

upgrade to the latest release of a still supported major version of gcc (as of writing, 5,6, and 7), and try again. and if it crashes on the newest version, file a bugreport. what you're experiencing is a compiler bug. luckily, in my experience, compiling gcc on ubuntu is a breeze. run sudo apt-get build-dep gcc , and basically follow this guide https://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/InstallingGCC  (protip: speed up the compilation by using make -j $(nproc) - compiling it will take quite some time! )


What positive changes will NVIDIA support to Linux release?

No, it won't. It's probably just for marketing - full accelerated drivers will never be released by nvidia; they always claim there is too much of their own and foreign "intellectual property" in them.


Unity desktop does not load, it switches to classic mode

You must install Nvidia driver if you want to use unity.Install appropriate driver form Hardware Drivers.After reboot unity will be loaded.

Edit

If you have Nvidia card and you cannot see any drivers for your card, you can use this PPA to install them right away. (this PPA works on 11.04 also) -

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-current-modaliases nvidia-settings

and restart the system.

Source: http://www.linoob.com/2011/04/installing-ubuntu-11-04-and-testing-unity/


Office 2010 on ubuntu “Wine is a 64 bit installation”

You are most likely missing the wine32 package.

Running

sudo apt install wine32

should take care it.


How to list all packages in a repo by name

Locally (that is, on the server), you can run:

find /location/of/repo/ -type f -name '*.deb'

Remotely, you can fetch the Packages file and grep it:

wget -qO - http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty-security/main/binary-amd64/Packages.gz \
  | zgrep -Po '(?<=^Package: ).*'


Save inkscape figure in 400dpi (png or jpeg)

I'm actually surprised they're asking you to take a vector drawing such as those produced by Inkscape and convert it to a raster image because vector images are resolution-independent and therefore produce excellent print output anyway, so you may want to start by double-checking they really want you to do that. The rest of my answer will assume that you have checked and the university really do want an image.

Your problem here is probably more one of trying to force LibreOffice to do something it isn't designed for - namely prepare output for a high-quality printing press rather than a standard home or office printer. I prepare output for press regularly and, if your university guidelines permit, you should really do this on desktop publishing (DTP) software (your university probably should allow this if they're asking for 400 dpi images). I suspect, however, that your university might not be asking you to do so much. It would be more normal for someone in their position (as a publisher) to ask you (as a content producer) to provide the text and images separately for them to prepare in the DTP package of their choice.

If they are set on asking for a complete, press-ready document from you then I recommend downloading scribus from the software centre and working through the scribus tutorial. Once you've done that you'll know how to import your text and your image in a way that will ensure high-quality press output. You can then export a press-ready PDF to submit to your university.


Version management of Debian package and auto update

"Release it somewhere" is what distros do.

See http://mentors.debian.net for how to get it into Debian. It will then flow downstream into Debian-based distros like Ubuntu.

"Once every new release is thrown it should notify initially about the new version and auto-update" is a problem. That happens to be quite the opposite of how Debian likes to handle new versions...

In Debian-based systems, you dist-upgrade the entire OS and all applications at once (Ubuntu calls this a release-upgrade, like 20.04 to 20.10). There are very good reasons for this behavior: A uniform set of packages requires fewer volunteers to test and support.
Many Debian Developers tend to be very much against unnecessary user notifications, unnecessary out-of-band upgrades, and third-party non-Debian self-upgraders. It's rather viewed as re-inventing your own wheel, but somewhat less round than the original. Be aware that a Debian maintainer might remove your auto-update feature so your application behaves as Debian users expect.

...but auto-updates are normal behavior for snap packages.

Snap packages are not debs. A snap includes it's dependencies and auto-updates frequently (often without user notification). Snaps are distributed through the snap store.


How can I install Ubuntu on a device without a screen nor a keyboard?

The method mentioned in the comment above with installing Ubuntu on a different computer to just move the hard drive to the headless machine certainly is an elegant and probably the fastest method to get Ubuntu installed. In most cases hardware will be recognized and drivers will be provided on boot (not on installation). This makes installation of drivers unnecessary unless we do need proprietary drivers (e.g. for some very special network cards).

But there is another way we can install Ubuntu unattended by creating a custom CD-ROM, USB or from a network solution (Preseed). See this rather complete guide on the steps and tuning procedures involved:

Ubuntu Documentation: Preseed (amd64)

You may also find the following related questions helpful:

How do I create a completely unattended install of Ubuntu?
How can I install Ubuntu on a headless machine?


apt-get repository signatures were invalid

You can fix this issue by adding missing signing key:

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 16126D3A3E5C1192
sudo apt-get update

Please note, do not add any keys from the sources You don't trust.
You are adding any keys for Your own risk.

To fix Your issue with the apt-get update please do the following:

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists
sudo apt-get update --fix-missing


Is there a way to set up some sort of flag or tag to a command instead of referring to its full name in terminal?

just use shell autocompletion. Using bash (ubuntu user default shell) just do your command write part of the package name then press TAB

apt-cache showpkg firef<TAB>

In this case the shells line editor should complete to

apt-cache showpkg firefox

if the match is ambiguous (i.e. if there are multiple packages that start with firef) it should show a list of potential matches


Put a long process without necessary power on pc

You can do this through screens...

On the raspberry pi run the following commands to install Screen:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install screen
Once it has installed simply type:

screen

followed by  Enter
Now run whatever long or short process you need..
Now you simply have to "detach" the screen by pressing the following:

Ctrl+A

then   d

Now you can disconnect from the raspberry pi and it will continue running in the background. If you want to "re-attach" to that screen, simply reconnect to the raspberry pi and type:

screen -r

If you need to do this again there is no need to reinstall screen so just start at step 2!

Good luck!


E: Error: Opening the cache .... I/O error, dev sda, sector 71235640

yes that is what it is saying. You have a bad sector on your harddisk. Have you looked at this Question? It also tells you how to run a disk-test to make sure.


Ubuntu 14.04 Install Firmare released for ath10k_pci

Since you installed from an Ubuntu deb file you don't have to do anything.  When Ubuntu finds a newer version of linux-firmware it will be installed when you do updates


How do I patch Minecraft's LWJGL libraries for ARM64 for MultiMC?

Not sure if this helps, but there is a MultiMC fork for arm64 (on GitHub).
It works for me and I can launch Minecraft on it.


How do I use a shell script to keep only the last populated value for each month in a CSV?

Since your dates are already ordered, you should be able to print the previous record every time the month changes (and once more at the very end).

Ex. given

$ cat file.csv
Date,Value
01/11/2019,123
02/11/2019,456
03/11/2019,789
31/01/2020,123
01/02/2020,456
02/02/2020,789
03/02/2020,123
04/02/2020,456
05/02/2020,789

then

$ awk -F, '{split($1,a,"/")} a[2] != lastm {print last; lastm = a[2]} {last = $0} END {print last}' file.csv
Date,Value
03/11/2019,789
31/01/2020,123
05/02/2020,789

You get the header line for free since the first month value is always different from the empty string.


Ubuntu - does not allow to write in disk, in the middle of work, after restart it does the same unless its rebooted and used F

Your filesystem is corrupted; backup your data immediately. When your system becomes like the one in the first screenshot; press F to fix the partition. But I'd backup my data first before doing that.

If it persists, you can start Ubuntu from a Live CD/USB and open a partition manager and right-click your installed Ubuntu partition and select the check option.


Create a new mime type only for your user

Replace foo with your file extension, in my example I have used foo FOUR times

Create a new XML file

nano ~/.local/share/mime/packages/foo.xml

Add the XML code below

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<mime-info xmlns='http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/shared-mime-info'>
  <mime-type type="text/foo">
    <comment>Todos Text file</comment>
    <glob pattern="*.foo"/>
    <glob pattern="*.FOO"/>
  </mime-type>
</mime-info>

Update the database

update-mime-database ~/.local/share/mime


"ERROR (dkms apport): kernel package linux-headers-5.8.0-34-generic is not supported" while installing Virtualbox on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

I had a very similar looking problem after doing a system update today. I removed virtualbox
sudo apt-get remove virtualbox
sudo apt-get autoremove

and then installed virtualbox from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads
which now works. See also https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=99564


One of the systems I'm using is an Acer aspire laptop with an AMD processor and an AMD/ATI graphics adapter. I have installed Xubuntu 20.04.1 on the internal HD and Kubuntu 20.04.1 on an external USB drive.
Both flavors work just fine out of the box and no proprietary drivers are needed.


How to make silent backups when plugging in a USB disk and when using Back In Time

Starting with version 1.0.28 BackInTime support udev schedules by its own. Just select When drive get connected (udev) in Settings > Schedule and you're done...

Disclaimer: I'm the current main Dev of BIT


News about KMix – the KDE Multimedia Mixer

A blog: http://kmix5.wordpress.com/

Is it possible to control individual applications in KMix

Yes - with the recent version of the KMix and if the application is supporting the MPRIS2.

How do you integrate Banshee into the KMix sound control?
(tested with the Kubuntu 13.04 a1 / KDE 4.10 b2)

Stopping the KMix - adding the backend information to the kmix configuration file - restarting the kmix: http://kmix5.wordpress.com/2011/12/30/winter-of-69-welcome-kmix-v4/ . The developer:" KMix for KDE 4.8" - so it should work with the Kubuntu 12.10.

The Banshee, at here, is in the first KMIx menu and the "Playback streams"

KMix main window without restore
(tested with the Kubuntu 12.10 - KDE 4.9)

The Kmix main window can be launched with the command:

qdbus org.kde.kmix /kmix/KMixWindow org.qtproject.Qt.QWidget.show

This command can be added to the K-Menu

so it can be launched with the shortcut key

or with a quick launcher.


Make Gedit embedded terminal colors match global theme? (16.04)

From this answer of user muru, I have found a workaround which worked for me. First, find the python script terminal.py located in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gedit/plugins/. Or you can enter the command locate terminal.py in the Ubuntu terminal. In this python script, you can find the following code block:

def get_profile_settings(self):
    profiles = self.settings_try_new("org.gnome.Terminal.ProfilesList")

    if not profiles:
        default_path = "/org/gnome/terminal/legacy/profiles:/:" + profiles.get_string("default") + "/"
        settings = Gio.Settings.new_with_path("org.gnome.Terminal.Legacy.Profile",
                                              default_path)
    else:
        settings = Gio.Settings.new("org.gnome.gedit.plugins.terminal")

    return settings

Now change this to:

def get_profile_settings(self):
    profiles = self.settings_try_new("org.gnome.Terminal.ProfilesList")

#    if not profiles:
#        default_path = "/org/gnome/terminal/legacy/profiles:/:" + profiles.get_string("default") + "/"
#        settings = Gio.Settings.new_with_path("org.gnome.Terminal.Legacy.Profile",
#                                              default_path)
#    else:

    settings = Gio.Settings.new("org.gnome.gedit.plugins.terminal")

    return settings

Now the settings entered via the dconf-editor should work. Be aware that you might have to change it again in the future if the gedit-plugins package gets updated.


This is a common Ubuntu bug. Try to do this:
Back up the xorg.conf file

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.orig

May the files doesn't exist. This is not necessary.

Anyway edit the file with sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf and paste this:

Section "InputClass"
Identifier "Mouse Remap"
MatchProduct "Saitek Cyborg R.A.T.3 Mouse"
MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
Option "ButtonMapping" "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0"
EndSection

Press Ctrl+O to save and Ctrl+X to exit the editor.
 Reboot for functionality!


If you installed it with snap, you should run it with snap run skype.


Custom keys to set the keyboard layout (input source)

Found the solution here, How to configure shortcuts to switch to specific keyboard layout in ubuntu 14
Works like a charm.
setxkbmap us changes the keyboard layout to us. Then you have to assign 1 to this command using settings->keyboard shortcuts -> + Add new shortcut, 2 - setxkbmap ru, etc.
The only issue is that the language widget does not work properly with setxkbmap - it shows some value, that still can be changed using the default keys to switch the layout, but luckily it does not affect on the keyboard in any way after using setxkbmap. I was able to get rid of it using settings->region & language -> remove everything except an English input source.


Download the kernel headers from here and install that file. You may need to install more dependencies. Just find the files by searching this website.


bionic 18.04 avahi not playing on a mac network

Ubuntu includes the Avahi service, which uses the .local domain as a multicast DNS zone. For example, if you have an Ubuntu system named “ubuntu” on your network, it can be accessed at the address “ubuntu.local”. To do this, Avahi automatically takes over all DNS requests ending with ".local" and prevents them from resolving normally. If you are on a network with existing DNS addresses that end with .local, such as a Windows Small Business Server network, you’ll have to change Avahi’s domain from .local to a different domain before .local addresses will resolve normally.

Launch a terminal window by clicking the “Terminal” shortcut in your applications menu. On Ubuntu’s default desktop, click the “Dash Home” icon at the top left corner of the screen, type “Terminal” and press Enter.

Type the following text into the terminal and press Enter
sudo nano /etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf

Input your password at the password prompt and press Enter.

Scroll down using your arrow keys and locate the #domain-name=.local line under [server].

Remove the “#” symbol and change “local” to “alocal” so that the line reads:
domain-name=.alocal

Press Ctrl+O and then press Enter to save Avahi’s configuration file in Nano.

Press Ctrl+X to exit Nano. Addresses ending with .local will now resolve correctly.


VMWare Player 15 Unable to Start on Fresh Install of 19.04?

Well I was having the same issue, and this could be a possible solution. The same workaround has also been accepted as the solution in VMware communities. From Charly's answer on Installing VMware on 18.04: Failed to build vmmon:

Create a script file based on mkucebek's github sources, and run it each time it's needed, usually when you install a new kernel:

#!/bin/bash
VMWARE_VERSION=workstation-15.0.4
TMP_FOLDER=/tmp/patch-vmware
rm -fdr $TMP_FOLDER
mkdir -p $TMP_FOLDER
cd $TMP_FOLDER
git clone https://github.com/mkubecek/vmware-host-modules.git
cd $TMP_FOLDER/vmware-host-modules
git checkout $VMWARE_VERSION
git fetch
make
sudo make install
sudo rm /usr/lib/vmware/lib/libz.so.1/libz.so.1
sudo ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
/usr/lib/vmware/lib/libz.so.1/libz.so.1
sudo /etc/init.d/vmware restart


How can I install/emulate Swift on Ubuntu 19.04 for Android's Termux App

Thanks to @Archisman Panigrahi I realized that my system and the Swift binaries were from different architecture types. I found in GitHub some Swift for ARM projects, but they lack some stuff, so I'm waiting for a fully-supported official version of Swift for ARM.


Difference between netstat and ss and how to convert commands?

I've made a comparison table (in Google Docs) (light HTML link) for converting between netstat and ss arguments. It's too big to include and update it here.

The short version of difference between short arguments is:

Arguments that require attention:
r N i g M W T v C F c A U 2 f

Arguments that are safe to leave as is:
h V l a n Z s p e o 4 6 x t u S w


cURL: Hostname was NOT found in DNS cache

Finally, found a workaround: CURLOPT_RESOLVE

Although cURL was incorrectly resolving the IP address of the host, using that option allowed us to override the regular resolution process.

Hope it helps other people who find the same issue.


apt install lamp-server - MySQL password

Try sudo mysql -u root and you should be logged in to mysql without a password


"No release file" errors when trying to upgrade from version 17.10 to 18.04

This sounds like what happened to me after an interupted do-release-upgrade. Try the following:

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

If this works, try doing your release upgrade again.

sudo do-release-upgrade


How to get the Rhythmbox visualization plugin

According to the search on http://packages.ubuntu.com this package was available in 17.10. Installing software from old release is usual bad idea, but if you really to install it then, you can execute the commands below to download packages from 17.10 and install them into system.

mkdir ~/Downloads/rb
cd ~/Downloads/rb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/r/rhythmbox/gir1.2-rb-3.0_3.4.1-2ubuntu5_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/r/rhythmbox/librhythmbox-core10_3.4.1-2ubuntu5_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/r/rhythmbox/rhythmbox-data_3.4.1-2ubuntu5_all.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/r/rhythmbox/rhythmbox_3.4.1-2ubuntu5_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/r/rhythmbox/rhythmbox-plugin-visualizer_3.4.1-2ubuntu5_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/r/rhythmbox/rhythmbox-plugins_3.4.1-2ubuntu5_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/r/rhythmbox-plugin-alternative-toolbar/rhythmbox-plugin-alternative-toolbar_0.17.5-1_all.deb
sudo apt-get install ./*deb

I have never used it, but you can try.
If it works as expected then you can pin these manually installed packages by long single command below to prevent their upgrade:

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/pin-rb
Package: gir1.2-rb-3.0
Pin: version 3.4.1-2ubuntu5
Pin-Priority: 1337

Package: librhythmbox-core10
Pin: version 3.4.1-2ubuntu5
Pin-Priority: 1337

Package: rhythmbox
Pin: version 3.4.1-2ubuntu5
Pin-Priority: 1337

Package: rhythmbox-data
Pin: version 3.4.1-2ubuntu5
Pin-Priority: 1337

Package: rhythmbox-plugin-alternative-toolbar
Pin: version 0.17.5-1
Pin-Priority: 1337

Package: rhythmbox-plugins
Pin: version 3.4.1-2ubuntu5
Pin-Priority: 1337

Package: rhythmbox-plugin-visualizer
Pin: version 3.4.1-2ubuntu5
Pin-Priority: 1337

EOF

For your information - modern FlatPak version does not include visualized plug-in.


Starting and stopping a program from a shell script

I want to start a program from a shell script, and then close it from the shell script a little later.

Scripts by nature are sequential, and any command executed in the script that is not built in, requires creating separate process and wait for that process to return control to the script. There's a few other intricate details, but that's the basic gist of how shell scripts work.

Now, what you're asking is to have a script start a process and use the same script to close the process.  That means the command has to be independent from the script - separate process - and know what is that process somehow. Without going too much into details of multiple ways of how this can be done, most practical way is to create a .pid file for the command.

For instance, here's a script that could do something like this:

#!/bin/sh

pid_file_exists()[ -f "$1" ]
pid_file='/tmp/mycommand.pid'

# Check if file exists, which may mean the process exists
if pid_file_exists "$pid_file" ; then
    pid=$(cat "$pid_file" )
    # Replace script with kill command. This will prevent going
    # further in the script.
    rm "$pid_file"
    exec kill $pid
fi

# Save script's PID
echo $$ > "$pid_file"
# Replace script process with zenity, PID now
# is saved and we know it belongs to this command, not script
exec zenity --info "THIS IS A TEST"

If you start the script in one terminal tab you will see the popup created by zenity utility. If you run the script in another tab - it will kill that popup. Now you will notice that the script retains control of the terminal in first tab. That's simply how the shell processes work. So in case you want to do that from the same terminal you might want to use either nohup or setsid command to detach the script when starting the desired app. For example, to start use

# &>/dev/null hides all output
setsid ./controller_script.sh &>/dev/null

and to close you can just do

./controller_script.sh

Note also that assumption here is that you want to control the app via script only. If the app that you want to control has exited already (closed by GUI button or by another process), you'll get an error but that's it - no harm done from the error. Now,if that PID is owned by another process already - that could be a problem, so if you're going to implement something truly portable you might also add checks for whether the process really belongs to the app you intended, for example via checking /proc/$pid/cmdline file.


As it won't.
Fn does not appear on keyboard layouts because as far as the operating system is concerned, it does not exist.
The Fn key is handled entirely by the microprocessor in the keyboard.  Knowledge of it is not sent over the wire.  There's no USB HID "usage" denoting it.  It has no PS/2 scancode.
The keyboard's microprocessor uses the current Fn shift state (incorporating any "Fn lock" or latch) to determine the usages/scancodes that are sent over the wire for other keys, including the keys that double-up as both function keys and (say) multimedia keys.  This is why you needed to press Fn+F4 to actually get F4 sent over the wire.
(In a number of modern keyboard microprocessors, there are four maps from physical keys to usages/scancodes, one for each of the four combinations of current Fn shift state and NumLock LED (sic!) state.)
For some keyboards with Fn keys, the manufacturer also provides a vendor-private USB output mechanism for setting the sense of the Fn shift state.  This mechanism is what your firmware's SETUP utility is invoking, and what utilities like the Lenovo Keyboard "Driver" invoke on Windows.  Outwith this, though, operating systems and applications have no knowledge of Fn.
Further reading

Jonathan de Boyne Pollard (2020). The "Fn" key is local..  Frequently Given Answers.


Go to Keyboard shortcuts add custom shortcut "Do nothing" write echo as command.
And bind it to Ctrl+w. It worked for me.


When trying to install new wifi driver, along with dkms, got error 'no module source directory'

You already have a driver for your device, ath9k. If you are having dropped connections, there may be a few things you can try.

First, check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png  This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.

If these changes do not help, please try:

sudo -i
echo "options ath9k nohwcrypt=1"  >  /etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf
exit

Reboot.


Running Ubuntu inside Window's 8?  From your question, I take it you want to install and dual boot? Please read the detailed answer here, for the best solution. For starters, dual booting on Windows 8 is only supported ob x64 bit operating systems, as far as I am aware.

Also please be more specific with what you are doing - what ISO are you buring, using what tool? Rufus, Pen Drive Linux etc. As mchid said, Wubi is no longer supported, so you need to try a separate method. Please refer to the first link I provided, and if this does not answer your question please add more information in.

If you want some more info, read up here.


Recently installed ubuntu restarted it & I get a black screen with flashing underscore but it booted when I had a windows7 dvd in the disc tray

It appears the bootloader (GRUB) is corrupt.

Try running sudo update-grub.

As to why you needed the DVD - probably because the default bootloader was corrupt and you had to use the Windows 7 DVD's bootloader (I suppose it has one?) to boot.


how can I display mounted partitions in unity (ubuntu 12.10)

Try the following:

Open up CompizConfig Settings Manager by running:

ccsm

You might have to install it first by running

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
Once ccsm is running, open up Ubuntu Unity Plugin.
Under the Experimental tab, select Always for the Show Devices setting.


What is stored in the "/var/lib/dpkg/updates" folder?

During the update dpkg stores status of the installation/update there. This is how an incomplete installation process can be detected and decided what are the next packages going to be installed, So that the system can ask to use dpkg-configure -a if anything happens before completing installation or update.

Normally after a successful installation, the directory should be empty.


change the DHCP lease table with script & sed

Your first issue is that the strings in your variable assignments use non-ASCII quote characters. Because of that, sed is trying to match “c0:a8:9:2” instead of c0:a8:9:2.

Beyond that, I don't really see the point of defining a whole lot of variables for this; IMHO it would be cleaner to use a here document e.g.

sed -f- /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases << 'EOF'
s/c0:a8:9:2/AOD-ADMIN-OFFICE/
s/c0:a8:9:3/GOLF-MAINTENANCE-BUILDING/
s/c0:a8:9:4/MARINA-DRY-STACK/
s/c0:a8:9:5/DC-SERVICE-ROOM/
s/c0:a8:9:6/ACPM-ADMIN-OFFICE/
s/c0:a8:9:7/SEA-WATER-OFFICE/
EOF

You could instead put the s/c0:a8:9:2/AOD-ADMIN-OFFICE/ lines in a separate command file, and call it with sed -f cmdfile /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases if that makes the table easier to maintain, i.e.

In cmdfile (or whatever name you choose to call it):

# list of agent.remote-id to physical location mappings
# for use in DHCP lease file processing script

s/c0:a8:9:2/AOD-ADMIN-OFFICE/
s/c0:a8:9:3/GOLF-MAINTENANCE-BUILDING/
s/c0:a8:9:4/MARINA-DRY-STACK/
s/c0:a8:9:5/DC-SERVICE-ROOM/
s/c0:a8:9:6/ACPM-ADMIN-OFFICE/
s/c0:a8:9:7/SEA-WATER-OFFICE/

then in your script

sed -f cmdfile /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases


Workspace indicator that works with more than 4 workspaces?

I found a workspace indicator for ubuntu on github. It should work for all kind of workspace compositions.


Install full Ubuntu and bootloader on USB drive

Just install to the USB in legacy mode.  Trying a UEFI install to a USB risks leaving your system unbootable (without the USB) -- see bugs 1173457, #1396379, 1229488,...  and add yourself to the "Does this affect me?" list.

The default install will create two partitions, a root and a swap.  If you want something else (FAT for data exchange with Windows, no swap, separate /home, etc.  select the "something else" for the install choice.

Doing a full install without any proprietary drivers should work in a good number of other machines, but will probably not be as portable as the install-media.  Maybe an install-media created with mkusb with persistence would be the maximal portability solution, but you will forgo the regular security updates you would get with a full install.


If you are using Ubuntu Desktop, you can use the "Disks" application. Choose the hard drive from the list on the side, and from there you can click the "gears" icon and choose "Format Partition".
Before doing this, it would be a good idea to confirm:

Your computer is booting from the SSDs, not the HDD
Your data is properly on the SSDs

So long as this is good, or so long as you have recent backups of your files (just in case), then format away.


Suddenly today, no HDMI on both Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows 7. What is HDA driver?

Well I fixed it,  and why this worked,  I have no idea.  I went into Windows,  device manager,  device adapters,  and disabled then re enabled my intel graphics.  I then booted into ubuntu,  and hdmi worked perfectly again.


Run the following commands in terminal.

Issue the following command to get a list of the held packages:

dpkg --get-selections | grep hold

Then issue the following command against each held package:

echo "package_name install" | sudo dpkg --set-selection

Now you should be able to install VLC with the following:

This makes sure your packages are up to date:

sudo apt-get update ; sudo apt-get upgrade

This removes any existing VLC install, including any configuration files:

sudo apt-get purge vlc

This installs VLC:

sudo apt-get install vlc


VirtualGL and TurboVNC: extension “GLX” missing on display “:0.0”

The problem was, that there was only 1 X server running, so I only had to do
sudo xinit &

after that, vglrun started to work!

EDIT:

if anyone stumbles upon the same problem, this stackoverflow answer helped me a lot:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34805794/virtualgl-and-turbovnc-extension-glx-missing-on-display-0-0


Unallocated space for Ubuntu shown as "unusable" rather than free space

You have a BIOS/CSM/legacy-mode installation of Windows using the Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning system. This creates two issues you're encountering:

You've booted the Ubuntu installer in EFI mode. If you were to finish installing Ubuntu in this way, you'd have Ubuntu installed in EFI mode and Windows in BIOS mode. Such installations can work, but they require jumping through extra hoops. It's much better to install Ubuntu in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, the same as Windows. You can control the boot mode by selecting the correct boot option for the boot medium in the boot selection menu or by preparing a boot medium without EFI-mode support. This page of mine covers the issue of the problems mixing EFI-mode and BIOS-mode booting; however, it's written with the assumption of an existing EFI-mode installation and the risks of accidentally installing Linux in BIOS mode, rather than the other way around, so some details and procedures on that page don't apply to you.
The MBR partitioning system supports a maximum of four "primary" partitions. To create more partitions, you must either delete one partition or convert one to "logical" form, which will enable you to create additional logical partitions. There are quite a few existing questions and answers on this site on this issue; see here for just one.

Overall, your best bet is probably to delete one partition or convert it to logical form, then boot the Ubuntu installer in BIOS mode to do the installation. An alternative would be to convert your Windows installation to EFI form, as described here, then install Ubuntu in EFI mode. This is likely to be riskier and harder than forcing a BIOS-mode install of Ubuntu, but would have the advantage that you could disable the CSM on your computer.


Cannot login (login loop), I tried multiple solutions. + no space left

About what was taking the storage, it was the data from the snap package "multipass" which I removed, but the data was still there. 10GB of data for a package I never used! I don't understand where it's coming from xD
To solve the issue tho, it wasn't just the "0 byte left" that was creating the login loop. I don't know the source of this issue. But I simply backup everything and install Xubuntu instead.
Thanks to everybody who answered, these are still interesting things to know : )


find command not available in GRUB 2 terminal

The gparted document assumes you are using GRUB, not GRUB 2.

In GRUB 2, find has been renamed to search (see manual).


Did you really mean /etc/ssh/ssh_config?  The server config is /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
What happens if you try to start it with
sudo systemctl start ssh


Ubuntu GNOME: workspace switcher like MATE

You can achieve something similar by using a GNOME Shell extension called "Workspace Indicator". It lets you

  Put an indicator on the panel signaling in which workspace you are, and give you the possibility of switching to another one.

You can click the indicator and select the destination workspace. You can also scroll up/down to switch to the workspace above/below the current one.


Personally I like teamviewer alot. Both of you get to insert a number and the teamviewer server sets you both up. Screenshot:

I use this alot since 99 out of 100 people I need to connect with do not understand even the basics of using computers. Teamviewer also has a Linux DEB (click to download) and is free for personal usage. You can set it up on one of your own systems: 1 system acts as A server, the other(s) act as (a) client(s).

2 others:

VNC (Virtual Network Computing)

Basically you install VNC server on the server and install client on your local PC.
Setup is extremely easy and server is very stable. On client side, you can set the
resolution and connect to IP of VNC server. It can be a bit slow compared to Windows
remote desktop and also has the tendency to take more time refreshing over
low-bandwidth links. all in all VNC is an amazing piece of free software that gets
the job done.

FreeNX (installation and how to in the link)

s a system that allows you to access your desktop from another machine over the
Internet. You can use this to login graphically to your desktop from a remote
location. One example of its use would be to have a FreeNX server set up
on your home computer, and graphically logging in to the home computer
from your work computer, using a FreeNX client.

It's Open Source, secure (SSH based), fast and versatile! License: GPL

And then there is the native rdesktop (should be already installed):

Open source client for Windows Remote Desktop Services, capable of natively
speaking Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) in order to present the user's
Windows desktop. rdesktop is known to work with Windows versions such as
NT 4 Terminal Server, 2000, XP, 2003, 2003 R2, Vista, 2008, 7, and 2008 R2.

rdesktop currently runs on most UNIX based platforms with the X Window System,
and other ports should be fairly straightforward.

GNU Public Licence (GPL), version 3


What is the meaning of combined commands `curl` + `apt-key add`?

curl is a utility to download something from a link. By default, it writes to STDOUT (ie prints stuff from the link in the terminal)

The -L option to curl means:

-L, --location
         (HTTP/HTTPS)  If the server reports that the requested page has moved to a
         different location (indicated with a Location: header and a 3XX response
         code), this option will make curl redo the request on the new place...

The operator | is a pipe, which passes the output of the command before it as the STDIN of the command after it.

apt-key is a utility to add trusted keys to apt for repositories. You can see what add does with man apt-key:

add <filename>
         Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from the
         filename given with the parameter filename or if the filename is -
         from standard input.

As it mentions, - tells apt key add that the key file should be read from STDIN, which in this case is what was piped from the curl command, so, in sum:

Download whatever is at this link, even if it has moved, and add it as a trusted APT repository key.


MP3 changes to binary file when copied to external drive

You can change the default application that is used to open files of a given type. This will allow you to open your preferred application when you double-click to open a file. For example, you might want your favorite music player to open when you double-click an MP3 file.

Select a file of the type whose default application you want to change. For example, to change which application is used to open MP3 files(which was opening in the editor), select a .mp3 file.

Right-click the file and select Properties.
Select the Open With tab.
Select the application you want and click Set as default.


Pureadmin not working on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Coming in late for an answer, but I once had the same issue and it appeared that pureadmin had to be sudoed.

Please note that before running pureadmin, you should have a pureftpd fully configured and functional.


There is nothing that stops you from installing and running applications locally, without sudo privileges. Locally, meaning: in your own home directory. That is how it is supposed to be.
You shouldn't have the same permissions on directories you are sharing with possible other users on your system.
About /usr
The explanation on what usr literally stands for varies from unix system resources, to user system resources. The latter however should not be interpreted as owned by users, but as serving users, opposite to serving the system. Here we read about /usr:

Secondary hierarchy for read-only user data; contains the majority of (multi-)user utilities and applications.

The bottom line is that all (modern) explanations mention that it is about "shareabble, read- only data", and: "should not be written to"


Type "Displays" in the dash or click on the computer icon in the top right corner and select the second item in the menu.


If you just want to hide things in the menu it's quite easy. While logged in as the user whose menu you wish to modify, just open the file manager (pcmanfm) and click on Applications in the left column.

You will see a list of icons corresponding to the menu categories. If you double-click a category, you will see icons corresponding to the applications listed under that category. Simply right-click the application you wish to remove from the menu and select Hide from the context menu. You can do the same thing to the top level icons and hide the whole category.

If you do not see Applications listed in the left column of the file manager, select Edit/Preferences/Layout in the file manager menu, and tick the box next to Applications under the heading Show in Places.

You may have to have the user log out and back in to see the changes.


Use Adwaita Dark for Libre Office and possibly other apps too?

I'm not 100% sure how to do this, but I believe you need an "application.css" file within the theme folder (for example there is one for Nautilus in some themes), with the theme description.

LibreOffice will not work with that theme however because it doesn't yet support GTK+ 3.x correctly.


Problem with CUPS/texttopdf and "Noto" truetype fonts

The problem, apparently, is in one of the "noto" fonts, NotoColorEmoji, and texttopdf was choking on it.

I fixed this by creating the file /etc/fonts/local.conf and adding the lines

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
  <selectfont>
    <rejectfont>
      <glob>/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoColorEmoji.ttf</glob>
    </rejectfont>
  </selectfont>
</fontconfig>

Then run fc-cache -f -v to rebuild the font cache.

This disables the offending font and all is well.

BTW, credit where credit is due: See https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/534284/reject-all-fonts-from-a-directory-except-one-with-fontconfig

Further note:

I decided to download the source code for cups-filters and the abort is indeed an assert in the library libfontembed in the function otf_get_width, snippeted here:

  // ensure hmtx is there
  if (!otf->hmtx) {
    if (otf_load_more(otf)!=0) {
      assert(0);
      return -1;
    }
  }

Sheesh. . .


Instant keyboard input after some update

I found a solution for now.

Switching back to Kernel 4.10.42 fixed that issue. So it's somehow the Kernel 4.13 (I tried several Versions of it and all fail) that couses the issue.

As WinEunuuchs2Unix commented there are some possibility to fix this. See comments above. Thanx!


Need help installing wifi driver for TP-Link tl-wn821n v6

Please follow these steps: READ THROUGH FIRST BEFORE IMPLEMENTING

Unzip that file and inside you will find the following:

pdf instructions
license and warning as this is a beta version
zip folder with the driver files

unzip the zip file mentioned above and then read the pdf file
The steps for Ubuntu are:

Install build essentials:

sudo apt install build-essential

Go into that folder and run the following commands:

make clean
make

If step 3.2 was successful load the driver with the following commands:

sudo insmod 88x2bu.ko

Check if the driver was load with:

lsmod | grep 88x2bu.ko

Note:

I assume the driver name is 88x2bu.ko so grep command in step 3.4 should work else check the folder for the driver and you should see the compiled driver and then use that to grep to see if it loaded.
WARNING: this according to the readme_beta.txt file this is a beta version so thread with care
In case of any issues remove that driver with the command sudo rmmod <driver_name>


You need to enable the Ubuntu Partner Archives and install the Fluendo MP3 plugin.

You may also want to install Ubuntu-Restricted-Extras, which includes LAME.  LAME generally provides better MP3 compression.


Creating directories with correct permissions for Laravel

When using laravel on Ubuntu you want to set it up in the following ways that will ensure you don't use or need root access for the created files.

Location of created projects should be in /var/www/html folder but can be anywhere.
Install composer and set that up globally so you can install laravel globally with it.
The permissions in /var/www/html need to be set up such that you don't need root privileges to operate on files there as it is in your case.

Install Composer:

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer

Check Install:

composer -V

Install laravel using composer:

composer global require "laravel/installer=~1.1"

Check install:

laravel -V

Setup folder permissions for laravel:

Temporary setup in /var/www/html:

Add self to group www-data:

sudo usermod -a -G www-data $USER

Change ownership of laravel folder:

sudo chgrp -R www-data /var/www/html/project

Tip: to setup laravel storage:

sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html/project/storage

Permanent solution:

Make default ownership of folders in /var/www/html $USER:www-data, so any new creation will assume the permissions of your user and the group www-data

sudo setfacl -d -R -m u:$USER:rwx,g:www-data:rwx,o:rx /var/www/html

Now simply add any user to the www-data group to have them have rwx access to any created laravel project in /var/www/html. A reboot will be required.

Usage:

laravel new /var/www/html/new-project


Lost all permissions to my NTFS partition

I got my answer on ubuntuforums.org

I was using the ntfs driver and not the ntfs-3g driver. I just needed to install the ntfs-3g driver and everything worked properly.


How do I add more variants or custom packages to debootstrap?

It's pretty easy to add your own variant with additional custom packages to debootstrap.

The debootstrap configuration/runtime scripts are located in /usr/share/debootstrap/scripts. Let's create an allmybase variant which includes everything in minbase along with the packages htop and traceroute.

Open /usr/share/debootstrap/scripts/precise in your editor.

Note that this, along with many Ubuntu releases, is a symbolic link to /usr/share/debootstrap/scripts/gutsy; if you want to affect only a specific release, break the link and make it a copy of the gutsy script instead.

Around line 22, find the line beginning with variants and add your custom variant at the end:

variants - buildd fakechroot minbase allmybase

Find the work_out_debs() function around line 34, and look at the default settings for the base variable for your "base" variant (here, minbase):

    elif doing_variant fakechroot || doing_variant minbase; then
            base="apt"

Append your own variant with custom packages at the end of the function:

    elif doing_variant allmybase; then
            base="apt htop traceroute"

Save, exit, and test it out with the --print-debs "simulation" flag, e.g.

sudo debootstrap --print-debs --variant=allmybase precise /tmp/prec-chroot

In this example, the output will show that the htop and traceroute packages will be included in the allmybase chroot.


ubuntu installed on partition; would like to reinstall on same partition

I used the bootable USB to install Ubuntu. When given the options similar to the screenshot, I selected "something else". the following screen showed me how my drive was currently partitioned. I selected each partitions location and finished installing Ubuntu. Ubuntu installed itself over the root '/' partition.

Installation was successful.


Apache: access denied because search permissions are missing

Do a chmod +x on your user dir, and restart apache. 755 permissions should work. I've had problems with 644.


Try Ubuntu 16.04 fails on 256 GB Kingston SSD with 2 1TB scsi in Raid 1

Boot the Ubuntu Live DVD. Watch at the bottom of the window for some function key modifiers. When you see them, hit F6 and select nomodeset, and continue trying Ubuntu. Nomodeset compensates for some video cards that don't have the proper drivers installed (yet).

Regarding installation, I'd recommend keeping Windows 10 on your SSD. You'll never know when you'll need it (ie: for BIOS updates, etc.). Depending on how large the Windows partition is, you may wish to decrease its size if Ubuntu is going to be your primary OS. Warning: use Windows Disk Management app to resize Windows partitions (not gparted)! In Windows, disable fast boot in the power control panel, and disable hibernation in an admin command prompt window powercfg /h off.

Then I'd install Ubuntu along side of Windows, placing root (/) on the SSD, and /home and /swap on the HDDs. Later, if you're really slick, you can setup your pictures/music/etc on a NTFS partition, and share them between Windows and Ubuntu. Predownload the correct Nvidia firmware and software files needed for your video card. Place these files on a USB flash drive and have them ready for immediate install.

Questions? Problems? Let us know how you do. Cheers, Al


Here you can download minimal ISO's for a network installation. Note that you'll still need to download the packages, so this ISO's are meant to make installations in machines connected to the Internet.


This worked for me:

mkdir /var/run/mysqld
touch /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
chown -R mysql /var/run/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysql restart


You can revert to the original xorg packages by purging the PPA:

$ sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
$ sudo ppa-purge xorg-edgers

This should remove the edgers PPA, reverting xorg packages to the mainline versions and allowing you to upgrade (via downgrading ;)).


Is it possible to install Mac OS after Ubuntu?

Use this - http://www.howtogeek.com/187410/how-to-install-and-dual-boot-linux-on-a-mac/ exept use Gparted partition editor as your starting on linux, and then do effectively the same thing but with mac being installed second intead of first


Can't launch gnome-terminal from anacron job

Third
You could call the gnome-terminal directly from anacron file, something like:

7 5 * * * env DISPLAY=:0 gnome-terminal -e "/home/carles/Admin/dotfiles/bin/jobs/backup/backup-reisender"

Second
Maybe we could try this "cheat":

bash -c "gnome-terminal -e '/home/carles/Admin/dotfiles/bin/jobs/backup/backup-reisender 0'"

First
Once I could fix a similar problem by changing this:

gnome-terminal --command="/home/carles/Admin/dotfiles/bin/jobs/backup/backup-reisender 0"

into this:

gnome-terminal -e "bash -c \"/home/carles/Admin/dotfiles/bin/jobs/backup/backup-reisender 0; exec bash\""


Core/Package temperature above threshold, cpu clock throttled - Lenovo E590

I update my kernel regularly and this issues never occurred since a while, so I suppose this issue has been fixed in one of those updates.
So I'll close this post.


Why is there a .steampath in my home directory?

This is a known Steam issue: the symlink is created and is intentionally broken for compatibility with older Steamworks SDK that some games are still built with.

There is a bug report on this issue, and also a tracking list of games that need to be updated.


VirtualBox virtual disk does not resize in GParted

The process of resizing (growing) a dynamic VDI is to:

Run the VBoxManage modifyhd Windows7.vdi --resize 50000 to resize the VDI
grow the partition (can be the whole disk / block device) on which the file system is created so that it can leverage the additional spaces added (by resizing the VDI)
grow the file system (NTFS in this case)

Looks like the growing partition step didn't complete successfully.I've done at least 50 VDI resizes for VirtualBox VMs in the past (all Linux though, some were more complicated LVM layout, 1 VG, multiple LVs on single block device) using parted, all worked as expected.

  NOTE: If you have multiple snapshots based on this VDI (means there is a VDI tree), I'd recommend doing a VDI clone to get a clean merged (coalesced) VDI of the current state, then do a VBoxManage modifyhd --resize on the new VDI, detach the existing VDI (with snapshots) from the VM and attach the resized clone, boot with System Rescue CD and check if the change is correctly reflected. If it does, all good, boot into Windows and run diskmgmt.msc to grow the volume to use the extra space.


A command to call a terminal (not a hotkey)

The coomand for termial in Ubuntu is gnome-terminal. Hope that's what you've asked.


Gnome shell extensions disabled at every startup

While this seems to be a known bug (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-shell/+bug/1236749), I found this workaround (as stated in comment #12 on the report)
:

  Set option to "system default" instead of "gnome or classic",
  extensions should now stay enabled after reboot.

Not sure if it works for everybody, but it works for my setup.


The source got moved to the pop os source accidentally needed to revert to the old source and reinstall the setting gtk


This shortcuts are default in Ubuntu 14.04.

But anyway you can install compizConfig settings manager and look at the section: Window Management > Grid. There you can define the shortcuts you want for such actions.