Convert Side by Side 3D video to Anaglyph 3D

mencoder -vf stereo3d,scale sbs.mp4 -o anaglyph.mp4 -oac pcm -ovc x264

where,
sbs.mp4 -> input video
analglyph.mp4 -> output video

Does the work! But the stretch doesn't remains same. Still searching for that.
If someone knows how to stretch the output video, let me know.


How can I install youtube's lens for unity?

I don't think you can. The post says "The following YouTube Lens for Unity, currently knee-high in development by a certain regular OMG! Ubuntu! contributor". Even if you get the source from their ppa and build it yourself, it might be buggy since it's still in development.

I would recommend Minitube, it's the primary Youtube app on my Natty system.


Upload file from my virtual machine to another virtual machine using hadoop hdfs

Simply copy file to hadoop machine using

scp copy-file.txt user_name@hadoop-machine:/path

Replace the keywords with actual values

After copying file u can simply upload files on HDFS using

hadoop fs -put copy-file.txt /hdfs-path


Wired connection cannot be established - no eth0

It appears that the driver module is not loading on boot. Let's try to fix it. In a terminal:

sudo -i
echo r8169  >>  /etc/modules
exit

Reboot and let us have your report.


How can I restart GNOME Shell, after it freezes or becomes unresponsive?

The easier way is just pressing Alt + F2, type r then Enter. This will work so long the shell is usable.

You can also send SIGQUIT to the gnome-shell process which will terminate only the shell:

killall -3 gnome-shell

Other methods use more destructive means, which close all the applications, this shouldn't.


ctrl+alt+f1 cause login loop due to my changes on ~/.profile

You can boot from Ubuntu install CD or USB. Your hard drive should automount in a subdirectory in /media/ubuntu/harddrive_blockdevice_number/ which will be the root directory. Then edit the profile from that directory:

sudo vi home/username/.profile


How to Install Ubuntu 14.10 alongside Windows 8.1 in Sony Vaio Laptop?

Probably, your problem is orginated from BIOS preferences. Go to BIOS and do the followings:

Go to BOOT label
Replace Legacy BIOS with UEFI
Save and Exit

After you did these, I think you can do dual boot easily.


How to adjust brightness in Ubuntu Gnome 16.04.1?

On Ubuntu 16.04 brightness fix is no longer required. Remove all your previous fixes for it and let systemd restore brightness automatically based on you system Settings, Brightnesss & Lock settings:


Inspiron not waking up after lid open (Trusty)

Can you try changing the "when lid is closed" to Do Nothing and change it back to sleep again?

It is found in settings/Power


Windows uses a file for that instead of a partition. According to wikipedia

  A file, "hiberfil.sys" is used to store the contents of RAM when the computer hibernates, and is always the same size as the total RAM. A hidden system file resides in the root of the system partition, usually "C:\hiberfil.sys".

Regarding why linux uses a partition by default. Honestly, I don't know, but I guess it's because of performance reasons.

Edit: As pointed out in a comment, you can also swap to a file as explained in the answers to this question.


sudo apt-get remove --purge libreoffice-common

seems to work for me.


I don't know if this will help you, it hasn't helped me yet but here is another answer I found on this problem.  It seems to me that it has something to do with graphics drivers as I am having the same issue of the proprietary driver not loading properly.  I am trying to resolve it now, I will keep you updated.

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2066978


Running PHP runs as root instead of logged in user

The php command was being aliased to sudo php.

I edited my /home/ubuntu/.bash_aliases file and removed the alias record.

Relogging after that resolved the issue.


In virtual box, right click your virtual machine and go to settings. Change settings to use the host's CD drive and enable boot from CD. Now insert Ubuntu live CD in your disk drive and start your virtual machine. It would boot from the CD/DVD and start live Ubuntu session. Mount your virtual harddisk and edit the sudoers file on the virtual harddisk. So if you mounted the virtual HD to /mnt/vhdd then the sudoers file will be at /mnt/vhdd/etc/sudoers.
Edit this file and add the following line to its end

brallan     ALL=(ALL) ALL

Save this file and shutdown the virtual machine. Remove the CD from the drive and start the virtual machine. Things should be back to normal now and you should now have sudo rights for everything.

UPDATE:
Sorry but I missunderstood the question. I thought the problem was with guest OS and not host. For host computer you can boot your computer from live CD and follow the same steps i.e mount your hdd and edit sudoers file and add the above mentioned line to to it to grant user brallan sudo rights.


How can I speed up finding available wifi networks?

The best answer might be from here:

Go to the command line and type:

sudo iwlist wlan0 scan

Assuming your wifi is called wlan0 (it might be wlan0 or something else) see ifconfig for details.

This command will refresh the list by asking the wifi to rescan. You can only do this as root and if you do it as non-root it will simply print the list of known networks without refreshing.


How do I import my music and photos to Ubuntu installed on VMWare Virtual Machine?

Using shared directories/folders between Ubuntu guest and Windows host:
Here are the steps how you can get this done:

Start the VMware virtualization software (but don't boot the Ubuntu VM yet),

Select your Ubuntu VM and click to open the settings,

From the settings window, select Options tab and click on Shared Folders to enable and click Add... button to add one or more directories to the list of shared folders,

Click OK to save the settings and start your Ubuntu VM,

In Ubuntu VM, shared folders should appear under /mnt/hgfs, but if you don't find it there continue to step 6,

Open a terminal (press Ctrl + Alt + T) and enter the following commands
 sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools

To check to see if Ubuntu is aware that there is a shared folder available run this command in a terminal window:
 vmware-hgfsclient

To run the VMWare config tools:
 vmware-config-tools.pl

Sources:

VMware Workstation 4.5

How to share folders between Windows and Ubuntu using VMware Player


Location of bluetooth audio files in 16.04

I found this script somewhere from here. It uses pulseaudio commandline and disconnects bluetooth headphones and reconnects them using a2dp sink. Save it as .sh and chmod +x filename.sh  I used desktop shortcut to execute it.

pacmd set-card-profile `pacmd list-cards | grep bluez_card -B1 | grep index | awk '{print $2}'` off; sleep 2 ; echo -e "disconnect 50:C9:71:97:A1:86\n quit"|bluetoothctl;sleep 5; echo -e "connect 50:C9:71:97:A1:86\n quit"|bluetoothctl; sleep 5; pacmd set-card-profile `pacmd list-cards | grep bluez_card -B1 | grep index | awk '{print $2}'` a2dp_sink

You could play with bluetoothctl in terminal and try what you can do with it. Same thing with pulseaudio using command pacmd.


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS , Laptop to tablet on dell inspiron 13 7000 2in1

Put the keyboard button in the top bar. Gnome extension is available here.


Ubuntu Ambiance top windows not appearing gray

Try Reset Unity

unity --reset

After that try Downloading From here.

To install the icon theme:

Extract the .zip file downloaded above
Extract the .tar.gz files within the ‘FS Icons’ folder
Go to your Home folder & press Ctrl+H
Move above folders to the ‘.icons’ directory


How do I stop it being listed on the list of updates each time I fire the Software Updater?

sudo apt-mark hold <package-name>

If the computer seems to be working properly then you are free to hold that package.


How to delete recently opened files using terminal

To delete your history from dash search.

Go to System Settings
Open Security  & Privacy
Under Files and Applications tab click on Clear Usage Data
You can also turn off the "Record file and Application usage" to prevent system to  record your recent files and applications.


How to extract mutiple .zip.part files where one of the files is a .bin

I belive you have tu unzip the first of the .parts file and it will get the subsecuents ones if needed.
Then unrar the .rar files produced and finally excecute the .bin install.


Dell Vostro 3360 laptop gets warm after 12.10 upgrade

Install drivers if available via Additional Drivers (previously called Hardware Drivers) which is now part of software applet interface.


Yes.

you can convert a container in a image with this:

lxc launch ubuntu:trusty image_container
...
...(you can use lxc launch ubuntu:xenial ... for a different ubuntu release)
...
lxc exec image_container bash
...
...(prepare your container to be setup for be a new image...)
....
lxc publish image_container --alias local_image

after this you can see your local_image in your container like local image server.


NVIDIA driver randomly not found -- fails "Building kernel modules" upon reinstalling

Turns out it was a compiler issue. I believe I had clang set as my default compiler. I followed instructions from here and Ubuntu now sees my NVIDIA driver just fine.


How to open this dropbox file in ubuntu 12.04?

That all depends on what it is...

Generally speaking, you can use gedit testing to open the file and view the contents, if it's in some plaintext format.

I see you've tagged the question as "executable", so I assume it's a program of some sort? If that's the case, first verify the following: Do you know exactly where the file came from originally; Do you trust the source; Do you know exactly what the program is supposed to do? If the answer to any one of these three questions is "no", then please do NOT try to run it.

If (and ONLY if) the answer to all of the above was "yes", though, then in a terminal you would navigate to the folder containing the file and write chmod +x testing; ./testing to execute it. The first changes the file permission so that it is executable, and the second tells it to run. I hope you'll forgive me for not trying this myself though, since running anonymous executables isn't really the best of ideas.


I don't know anything about Cinnamon, but a generic way to designate Right Alt as a compose key is to edit /etc/default/keyboard and change the line:

XKBOPTIONS=""

to:

XKBOPTIONS="compose:ralt"

Another way to do what you want is to use a keyboard layout with dead keys. With e.g. English (US, international with dead keys) you can type ë by pressing Shift+' and then pressing E. (I'm guessing that you have a US physical keyboard.)


How to share wireless Internet with Ubuntu?

It is very easy. You connect to the wireless network as normal. Then select the wired network connection, and in the IPv4 settings, select "Method: Shared with other computers".

Now your wireless connection will be shared on the wired one. Connect your router, and it will share it with other computers in your network.


How do I create an installation CD in Windows XP?

Have a look at this, it helped me.

LiveCD - Community Help Wiki

You can use a LiveCD to try out and/or install Ubuntu. I used it to try and finally installing Xubuntu. It can be used for Lubuntu and Kubuntu also.

To prepare your LiveCD download the iso of your choice and choose your media:

CD ( write once CDs are best)
USB (1GB or more)

You will need to burn your iso to the CD. I used Active ISO Burner.

Put the LiveCD in your CD/DVD drive and reboot your computer. A menu is displayed asking

Try Ubuntu or Install Ubuntu

Selecting Try Ubuntu means you can 'Try Ubuntu' without making any changes to your computer. If you select this you should see a desktop called a "LiveCD session".


You need to choose the deskbar mode in the orientation section of desktop settings, not vertical. This will also set your text horizontal for most other plugins, like clock text and icon labels.


openssh-server package not available on 12.04.2

Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

If that doesn't work, open the Ubuntu Software Center and browse to Edit -> Software Sources -> Ubuntu Software tab, and make sure that you have at least the main, universe and multiverse repositories marked with a check mark.


I think that /etc/profile is a better place if you want it for all users in the system. An other good place is to add it to /etc/profile.d/, just make sure that it ends with a .sh.


This can happen because there is a disk drive error. What you describe has happened several times to me. Your fstab will have an entry similar to this:

UUID=80e377f3-6e78-4126-aa93-35ee62b58272 /  ext4    errors=remount-ro 0 1

This is an instruction to remount the drive read-only if there are errors.
In my case this was caused by faulty sata connections to the motherboard. I reseated the sata connector and the problem went away.

But the problem kept coming back and I finally solved the problem for good, by buying new, high quality sata cables that had a spring locking clip in the connectors. YMMV :)


Ubuntu on external drive does not boot once it is removed and plugged back in

I've been doing for the past few years what you have done, and I've only recently gone head to head with EFI installations.  I'm not happy but not for the reason you describe.

What is happening to you, I think, is that when you installed ubuntu on your external media, you did so by first entering setup, and in doing so you configured your computer only temporarily for this bootable medium.  Once it was unplugged your computer "forgot" it, as my asus netbook always does.

If I'm right you might be able to boot by pressing a key combination at boot time.  On the asus it is ESC, but on HPs it is usually F12.  Please let me know if that helps.


Ubuntu 12.04.1 Installation problems (boot-up/partition)

Everything looks fine.

Q: How do I know if Ubuntu was installed in the appropriate directory?

When you selected / as the mount point for sda3 Ubuntu installation knew that's where it should put the system files for Ubuntu.

Q: Is it installed in sda3?

So yes, Ubuntu is installed in sda3.

Q: Also, as it appears (to me anyway), it looks as though my sda4 (that
was to be my storage /home mount partition) is now an extended
partition with the swap (in sda5) and the /home mount partition for
file storage/sharing (in sda6). Is this correct for my needs?

There can be only 4 primary partitions. That includes the extended partition sda4 which contains the logical partitions sda5 (swap) and sda6 (/home). This is as it should be. There is no way to make 5 primary partitions.

GRUB vs Windows Bootloader

The WUBI install uses Windows bootloader. This is the simple one you had seen before. A full install, as you have just completed uses GRUB. There are reasons for these choices that I don't fully understand. However, I know trying to replace one with the other is a bad idea. So you may have to get used to the GRUB. Yes you can customize the GRUB menu, but that is another question.

File Sharing and common storage

Out of the box, Windows does not recognize ext4 partition, but Ubuntu recognizes ntfs. So when you boot Windows you won't have access to the Ubuntu /home.

When you boot Ubuntu you will have access to your Windows partition. However, Ubuntu uses a different system for storing file and folder ownership and permissions information (That's why /home cannot be in NTFS or FAT32). So when you put a file of Ubuntu origin in the NTFS partition some of the ownership and permission information may be lost. This may be fine for music, and photos at home, but is a potential problem for sensitive documents and personal configuration files.

Search this site for specific suggestions on how to share files between Windows and Ubuntu on the same machine. Look at Windows Ubuntu dual boot - Share files between OS for how to keep documents and files in NTFS partition and link them to folders in Ubuntu.

Hope this helps.


Installing to USB is very similar to a normal installation, with a few quirks in partitioning. Also note, this installation will likely take longer and your device will probably have a short lifespan as flash storage devices have limited write cycles, which will quickly be used by the installation.

However when it asks about partitioning, click "something else" to manually partition the OS.
Find and select your device from the list of devices, you may have to scroll. It should be of the form /dev/sdX. (if unsure which device is yours step 6 has a list with device names)
Click "new partition table" to wipe any contents/partitions on the device.
Click on the "free space" (/dev/sdX1)
Click "+" to add a new partition.

make it a primary partition
make it the maximum size
set the file system to ext4
make sure to check the "format" box
set the mountpoint to "/"
click "ok"

set the device for bootloader installation to your device.
continue with installation as usual.


Force Ubuntu to only download updates form canonical.com mirrors

In the software sources (synaptic packages manager -> settings -> repositories), you can manage your mirrors


Googling for ping: sendmsg: Operation not permitted suggests that this is probably an issue with iptables blocking outbound packets:

https://serverfault.com/questions/372975/ping-sendmsg-operation-not-permitted-error-after-installing-iptables-on-arch-g


Clarification: your issue with Dolphin will be found in all recent KDE distros, not just Kubuntu.

The KDE developers are working on a polkit route to allow temporary elevated privileges as they have already done for Kate.

Until then, consider installing another file manager to use when you want to use a file manager with elevated privileges. sudo -H before the executable's name should do the job.

PCManFM, the default file manager in Lubuntu, and Thunar, the default in Xubuntu, are both lightweight and won't pull in too many dependencies. Midnight Commander, also in the sofware center, is another powerful file manager but it will take some getting used to.


Ubuntu using wrong NIC for internet connection

I suspect there is a right way and a wrong way, in my case, I think the solution was pure luck.  I deleted the gateway and DNS server information on the wired connection, disabled, and re-enabled both connectios, and viola, now Ubuntu uses the wireless as (default).

This alone did not fix the problem.  Ubuntu cannot effectively setup it's routing if both NIC's are in the same IP range.  The solution that eventually solved the problem was to put the LAN connection on a different IP range and subnet, while also not providing any DNS or gateway info on either side of the connection.

My setup used to be:

Eth Nic : IP 192.168.10.150 sm 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.10.1 DNS 192.168.10.1
Wlan Nic: IP 192.168.10.109 sm 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.10.1 DNS 192.168.10.1

Then I changed it to be:

Eth Nic : IP 192.168.10.150 sm 255.255.255.0 gw 0.0.0.0 DNS 0.0.0.0
Wlan Nic: IP 192.168.10.109 sm 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.10.1 DNS 192.168.10.1

This made the wlan NIC the default option, but the routing was still broken, so I changed it to be:

Eth Nic : IP 10.0.0.10 sm 255.0.0.0 gw 0.0.0.0 DNS 0.0.0.0
Wlan Nic: IP 192.168.10.109 sm 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.10.1 DNS 192.168.10.1

And now it works like I initially wanted it to.

There is not /etc/network/interfaces content to add/display here, as I didn't touch that.  I did this using the Unity GUI tools.


IMO the version of wine is more important then the version of Ubuntu. It varies by software package, see winehq for details.

http://appdb.winehq.org/

If you look at a complex application, you will see it works better or worse with various versions of wine.

Example: http://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=application&iId=2586

Works for earlier versions of NET, not so good with most recent versions.

Because wine is sometimes difficult to configure, more and more people seem to prefer virtualization (virtualbox or KVM).


I had a similar problem. My Guest account was unaffected but in my main account neither Dash nor Unity were visible, and the graphical interface didn't respond to any keystrokes though I could still switch to a TTY interface with Ctrl+Alt+F1.

Unity and Dash seemed to be corrupted in my main account. After trying everything else I found the solution here.

Use Ctrl+Alt+F1 to get a command-line interface then reinstall the desktop and Unity:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity


Lenovo Yoga pro 2 on 14.04, wifi stopped connecting

do a "rfkill list" from the terminal.   This will show all your available bluetooth and wireless devices.  Ensure that the device which you are using for wifi has not been blocked.  If it is blocked run the following at the terminal rfkill unblock n where n is the device number on the list of rfkill.    ie. rfkill unblock 1.  If 1 is the number on the list corresponding to the wireless adapter


Command showing different behaviour when running from terminal and when Using as Shortcut

From man xsel:

  By default, this program outputs the selection without modification if
  both standard input and standard output are terminals (ttys).
  Otherwise, the current selection is output if standard output is not a
  terminal (tty), and the selection is set from standard input if
  standard input is not a terminal (tty). If any input or output options
  are given then the program behaves only in the requested mode.

This is a bit misleading, but there is an interesting comment in the source code:

  Checking stdin/stdout for being a tty is NOT reliable
  to tell what the user wants. This is because child processes
  inherit the file descriptors of their parents; an xsel called in
  a script that is e.g. daemonized (not attached to a tty), or called
  with a redirection or in a pipeline will have non-tty file descriptors on default. The redirection/piping issue also applies
  to "grouped" or "compound" commands in the shell (functions,
  subshells, curly-brace blocks, conditionals, loops, etc.). In all
  these cases, the user must set the mode of operation explicitly.

...and that's the solution: tell xsel explicitly to read from stdin by adding the -i option:

gocr -i /home/UserName/Documents/Translate/input.jpg | xsel -b -i


Yes you could, but it would be a lot of work.

If you're not a fan of Gnome, have you tried taking a look at the other distributions based on Ubuntu?

Kubuntu
Xubuntu
Lubuntu
All the others can be viewed here


Booted using the on board VGA and it worked fine. Thanks for the help! Probably wouldn't have tried troubleshooting video otherwise lol.


Tweak that allows OSX-like stacks in Unity launcher

Check out Drawers: http://launchpad.net/drawers
It was written up at: http://www.iloveubuntu.net/drawers-12076-released-persistent-mode-and-configuration-panel

You can put just about anything in a drawer by drag and drop. You can even nest drawers inside one another. See below for a screenshot. It's been submitted to the software center but is awaiting review.

In the meantime, to install run the following in a terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ian-berke/ppa-drawers
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install drawers

Then create your first drawer by opening the dash and typing Drawers.


Turn off Bluetooth on wakeup from sleep and boot automatically

Open a terminal window and type

sudo sed -i "s/NoDisplay=true/NoDisplay=false/g" /etc/xdg/autostart/*.desktop

Then Open Dash And Search For "Startup Applications".
Find Bluetooth In The List And Uncheck It. Click Close On The Side.
Hope This Helps!


How do I find out if I have a swap partition on my hard drive?

Easy, graphical way to check with Disk Utility

Open Disk Utility from the Dash:

In the left column, look for the words "Hard Disk", and click on that:

In the right column, see if you can find "Swap" as shown. If so, you have swap enabled; you can click on that portion to see details. It will look something like this:

Alternately, open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T, and type swapon -s; if you see a line like the below, with statistics, swap is enabled:


I'm paraphrasing from this answer

The following commands will install PulseEffects on your computer.  As you are adding a PPA, you should also know how to remove that PPA.

First, install the program for (eventual) PPA removal:

sudo apt install ppa-purge

Secondly, add the PPA to your system, do an APT update, and then install PulseEffects

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mikhailnov/pulseeffects -y
sudo apt update
sudo apt install pulseeffects

Finally, should you need to remove PulseEffects:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:mikhailnov/pulseeffects


Do not call your program "test" since there is already a Linux "test" command and it will likely be invoked in preference to your compiled program.  If running "test a =" results in a complaint about a unary operator, you are running the built-in "test".  Rename your "test" as "sqrt" and try running "./sqrt".


SSH + Ping fails when accessing virtual machines from physical machine

I think that there may be a firewall issue.

I just opened 2 VM's that I have, one Win10, one Ubuntu, both of which are setup as having bridged network devices. I can ping the Ubuntu VM from the host, and vice versa, and I can ping the host from within the Win10 VM, but I cannot ping the Win10 machine from the host.


"Could not load image" error after editing the image with Darktable

You have probably stumbled on a issue with the embedded ICC profile "Darktable sRGB" and an image viewer that not supports the profile, you can try strip the image from this embedded profile using:
exiftool -icc_profile= file.jpg

Let me know if this solves your issue and what imageviewer failed to view the file.


Ubuntu doesn't boot after successful installation on a HP EliteDesk 800 G1

I'm not quite sure what exactly the problem was, but I've updated the BIOS and it works now.


Rebuild you kernel with more than 520 GB. Git clone linux source, then make xconfig, search for 'xen' and you see this config option.

You need to set Linux kernel option XEN_BALLOON_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_LIMIT more than 512 GB and uncheck XEN_512GB. This can be done only by changing kernel config and rebuilding Linux kernel


how to convert values in a table in nearst integer values removing the decimal points?

You could try the numfmt utility, from GNU Coreutils:
numfmt --delimiter=$'\t' --header --format='%.0f' --field=2- <file.tsv

Alternatively, something like this in awk:
awk -F'\t' 'BEGIN{OFS=FS} NR>1 {for(i=2;i<=NF;i++) $i=int($i+0.5)} 1' file.tsv


How to reformat pdf (change page size) using Master PDF Editor or ___

I think you won't get it done easily. Pdf is like a digital print, so you can't format text any more as in an editor. That's what pdf was developed for.
What you can do with simple pdf's, mostly text with few images and tables, is to copy everything to a text editor (e.g. writer) and delete backspaces with 'search and replace', using regular expressions. Later you could print out again to a pdf of the desired size or an ebook-format, which are designed to fit the text to the screen.


Of course, I solved the problem just after posting the question :/ RapidMiner pops up a dialog window which the user has to confirm before she can continue. However, the dialog window is shown on another desktop :/

Solution is to check other desktops because there might be a dialog, like on the following screenshot:


Uninstalling and reinstalling tzdata solved my problem:

sudo apt-get remove tzdata
sudo apt-get install tzdata


Failing to fetch some packages in update

This PPA was renamed at some point, and might actually be an issue with Launchpad. It's possible that browser hits redirect but files do not.

Currently, the "opencv2" repo redirects to "opencv2.2". 2.4 is actually more current. If you wanted 2.2, it's possible the repo is "dead" because of this. This will install 2.4.

Remove the PPA

sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:gijzelaar/opencv2

Install the direct PPA

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:gijzelaar/opencv2.4 -y

Update your sources

sudo apt-get update

Retry your command.


What is include.txt and exclude.txt in my Downloads folder?

None of those files are essential to the operation of your Ubuntu system, and can be safely deleted without damaging your Ubuntu system.
None of those files were created by Ubuntu automatically. You created them somehow. They might be important to some project of yours -- we don't know anything about you or your projects.
If you are curious about the contents of those files, then read them.
The Downloads directory is not a typical place where software gets installed to. It is, however, a normal place where files that you click in a web browser get downloaded to.


How to install older version of library (libfreetype6) from binary

The problem is that you want to install an older version of a file. This is not always a good idea, but it is possible to at least attempt it.
Once you know the name and version you want, you can search for it at Ubuntu's packages site. It's located here:
https://packages.ubuntu.com/
Once you find the version you want, you need to find the architecture. Most often, this is AMD64. Either way, it's down on the left and will be under downloads. Make sure you click the right architecture.
If you don't already have this information, run this in your terminal:
lscpu

It'll look something like this:

With that data in hand, you can click on the correct architecture and the following page will have a list of mirrors. Any of those should work and you can download them in the usual way, from browser to wget. Once downloaded, they'll be in .deb format, you can install them as you would any other package.
Notes: This won't always work. There will be files that have unmet dependencies and following them deeper and deeper will eventually mean you run out of options and you'll have made your system unstable and difficult to maintain.
If you're having issues finding the file, you can use a regular search engine and just add +.deb to the filename. Then, exercising caution you may more easily find the links to the file(s) you're after.


Ubuntu 20.04 Software Installation Issue

Because your installation terminated with status 1, indicating an error, the installation process did not complete. I can't tell why from the information you have given.

The lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend tells Ubuntu that the graphical installation program is currently running. The file is created while installing to prevent other programs affecting the state of the computer. Usually this would be deleted when Software completes successfully, but since there was an error, the file was not removed, and apt-get thought there was still a graphical installation process running. By uninstalling Bluemail the lock file was cleared and your issue was cleared.


My game on Steam [PoL] requires Internet Explorer 9

This one would be impossible. Last time I checked,

Internet Explorer 9 does not want to play nice with WINE.

Unless you can find a way to hack it, not possible. Sorry.


I found the answer
Just right click on the Terminator -> Preferences -> Profiles -> Scrolling and select Inifinite scrollback


Just go to Settings → Configure Amarok → Scripts and uncheck


need to get the line number of a searched string in

You could try the below find command which in-turn invoke the awk.

find / -name "php.ini" -exec awk '/oci8/{print NR; exit}' {} \;

Example:

$ cat php.ini
http://stackoverflow.com
foo oci8
oci8
$ find . -name "php.ini" -exec awk '/oci8/{print NR; exit}' {} \;
2

Explanation:

Search for the files inside the . current directory (/ means root directory) with the name php.ini. If a file was found with that name mentioned then do or execute this awk '/oci8/{print NR; exit}' {} operation on the founded files.

awk '/oci8/{print NR; exit}'

Searches for the line which contains the string oci8. If it finds any, then it prints the corresponding line number (print NR) and suddenly exit (exit) out from searching further.

Through Perl

find / -name "php.ini" -exec perl -nle 'print $. and last if /oci8/;' {} \;


This happened on my fiancée's laptop with Ubuntu 14.10.  I asked her to reboot and the problem went away.  The problem has not reappeared, at least not yet.  I have rebooted 30 times in a row and the problem has not reappeared.
If you face this problem again, then please file a bug report with the command ubuntu-bug.  I will do the same.  Do not worry about we filing duplicate reports, that is the way Ubuntu prefers.  Do not add your report as a comment on another bug report (avoid "me too").


It is possible to retrieve the pages via wget. The simplest approach would be to simply copy the URL Google Desktop produces and paste it into wget "URL HERE".

However, if your wish is to  do this all from Terminal without having to search using Google Desktop first, that will rely on if Google Desktop has to generate the results before giving you the link or not, and if the port it uses stays the same.

If you can simply search for "PIE" in Google Desktop and then, and in the Webpage that it opens, modify the URL so it says "CAKE" instead of "PIE", and then returns results for "CAKE". If that works then you can simply copy the URL into Terminal and modify it for whatever results you want:

wget "http://localhost:33327/search?flags=8&hl=en_US&num=10&q=SEARCH+REQUEST+HERE&start=0&s=JD1G1cWkjb88GSZ1EPB3LVgcSwo"

That should work and you can feel free to use that in a Bash script or whatever.

However viewing the results of the search in the Terminal is another thing. You could simply use a Terminal Editor like nano to open the HTML file but then you'll be staring at the RAW HTML code and that isn't the easiest thing to look at for search results. It is possible to make a Script to scrape the Results into something legible in the Terminal but that will be a lot of effort tweaking things correctly and is beyond the scope of this question. If you want to use Google Desktop search then I recommend simply opening the Webpage in a Browser like it was designed to do.


Xubuntu - Maximize window instead of top half on snap up

The simple answer is, you can't.

There isn't anything relevant to be changed in the Settings Manager or Settings Editor, assuming that you are using Xubuntu release that still uses Xfce 4.10 or earlier (Xubuntu 14.04 or older).

The long answer is, you can get it with some efforts.

There are two known ways to achieve this, based on the clues left in the answer given in the similar question that is linked in comment above.

Modify the source code of xfwm4 according to this forum post and recompile it
Upgrade your existing Xfce to version 4.12, either by:

a. using Xubuntu Dev PPA (deprecated) to upgrade

b. downloading stable packages, compile and install manually

c. upgrading to Xubuntu 15.04 that also comes with Xfce 4.12

If you are using Xubuntu 14.04 or 14.10, the easiest method is probably method 2a, using PPA to upgrade. However, it has been noted as "with no guarantee of functionality or support". Several known issues can be read from this article.

Above all, I have compiled the resources into this single answer for convenience and it is for you to decide whichever method you prefer to achive "maximize window on snap-up" feature.

Answerer's note: This answer was relevant at time of posting, but is now deprecated. The newer releases of Xubuntu does maximize window as expected and this is no longer an issue.


"Cannot compile 'Python.h'. Perhaps you need to install python-dev|python-devel" while installing PyPy version of Numpy

The error is a bit misleading but the solution for me was to install pypy-dev (instead of python-dev).


Create executable file of C/CPP programs

chmod u+x <output file>

Or
     chmod +x output_file

Eg.

 chmod u+x ./a.out

Tip :Fat and ntfs partion wont support file permissions ,just copy the file to the home folder or desktop and try again


This line in /etc/fstab shows that /opt is in a different partition:

UUID=07ba41aa-a03b-4fee-a2c3-8c8cb852fab0 /opt btrfs subvol=@/opt 0 0

It's normal that you see /opt empty, because that's a mount point that will get mapped to that other partition when the system boots.

You need to open the correct partition in order to back up the files contained in /opt/lampp/htdocs.


I know this is a long time ago but it's still appearing in search engines so I thought I'd answer.

Assuming a simple setup of one pc that you are sitting at called "parent", this is the one with the keyboard and mouse. The "child" is the one you want to connect to and it has no keyboard and mouse.

[user@parent ~]$ cat /home/user/synergy-over-ssh.conf
section: screens
  parent:
  child:
end
section: links
  parent:
    right = child
  child:
    left  = parent
end
section: options
  screenSaverSync = true
end

The first step is to run the server on the parent

[user@parent ~]$ synergy-core --server --address 127.0.0.1 -c /home/user/synergy-over-ssh.conf -n child-pc

This will start the server listening on the port 24800 on the parent.

$ netstat -anp | grep synergy
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:24800         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3290/synergy-core

Now we need to connect from the parent to the child, but we then need to send back from the child port 24800 to the port 24800 on the parent.

[user@parent ~]$ ssh child-user@child -R 127.0.0.1:5900:127.0.0.1:5900
[child-user@child ~]$

On the child you will want to run the client and tell it to connect to the localhost or 127.0.0.1

synergy-core --client --name child 127.0.0.1

Now on the parent you should be able to scroll your mouse to the right off the parent screen and (appear to) move it to the child screen.

You can make this more permanent by adding an entry in your ~/.ssh/config file

[user@parent ~]$ cat /home/user/.ssh/config
Host child
  user child-user
  Hostname ip.or.host.of.child.pc
  RemoteForward 127.0.0.1:24800 127.0.0.1:24800

Which would then allow

[user@parent ~]$ ssh child
[child-user@child ~]$

You can automate the entire thing by creating a script that does a clean start of synergy, then connects to the child in the background without opening a ssh terminal the "-N" option.

#!/bin/bash
killall synergy-core
synergy-core --server --address 127.0.0.1 -c /home/user/synergy-over-ssh.conf -n child-pc
ssh -N child >/dev/null 2>&1 &

On the client you should have a autostart script like
$ cat ~/bin/startsynergy.sh
    #!/bin/bash
    killall synergy-core
    sleep 2
    synergy-core --client --name child 127.0.0.1
    exit 0

Note that on older versions replace synergy-core --server with synergys, and synergy-core --client with synergyc.

One disadvantage of this method is that copy and paste will not work unless you start the client using the keyboard on the child pc.


As said chili555 the bug is reported here:
 bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1806472

Disabling Secure Boot in the BIOS is the workaround while waiting for real bug fix.


Save current terminal scrollback to file?

After a bit of playing around I've discovered that you can:

triple-click the last line
hit shift + home
shift + click first line
copy with ctrl + shift + c (or right-click > 'Copy')

Now paste it into a text file ...or, using xsel you can shove your clipboard into a new file by just popping open a new tab and doing:

xsel -o > out.txt

(To install xsel do sudo apt-get install xsel)


Trying to remap my left SUPER key (also called WINDOWS key) to left or right CONTROL key, with xkg

To change it temporarily, you can run this command:

setxkbmap -option altwin:ctrl_win

To change it persistently, open the /etc/default/keyboard file for editing, change the line

XKBOPTIONS=""

to

XKBOPTIONS="altwin:ctrl_win"

and reboot.


Uninstall Sublime Text 3 downloaded and installed as a .deb from Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

First you should check the packege-name with

dpkg -l | grep sublime

then you can remove it. It should be called something like sublime-text-installer.

dpkg -r sublime-text-installer


I don't think gparted can resize Luks partitions at the moment but it might change in the future. I think I saw some unmerged patches floating around.

Try KDE Partition Manager 3.0 if you are using Ubuntu 17.04. It supports resizing LUKS (as well as LVM partitions).

If you are on older Ubuntu, you can try some Live CD, e.g. Neon (https://neon.kde.org/download).

Install KDE Partition Manager using sudo apt update; sudo apt install partitionmanager


It took awhile to understand your question.

This quote of Bill Hedberg from comp.terminals helped me.

  The WY60 is an "ASCII terminal", which means that it responds to
  "ASCII" control sequences of the form  "Esc~;"  The VT100 is an "ANSI
  terminal", which means it responds to ANSI control sequences of the
  form  "Esc[0m"

From your results the [60;D# is the code used to clear the current line that is not being understood. Though ~ is ascii 126 and [ is ascii 91 I don't see exactly how it applies yet. It may matter somehow in octal or hex.

I think the problem is related to WY60 vs. VT100 emulation software involved on both sides. In each case check what is set in your $TERM variable and associated entries in /etc/{termcap|terminfo}. Once you find the cause of the problem a solution like wy60 might apply.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VT100

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dell_Wyse


Help installing Ubuntu 12.04.2 DVD in Windows 8

That's the right ISO. There is a wubi.exe on it (just ignore it - it has other uses other than just installing inside Windows).

There are two potential issues:

A bad ISO that was corrupted on download
A bad burn

To check the ISO, refer to this: help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM
To prevent a bad burn, use the slowest possible speed and refer to this: www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/burn-a-dvd-on-windows


How can I detect an audio hardware damage in ubuntu 10.04?

Short answer to your question is "Not Exactly". Ubuntu can give you some indications of whether the drivers and devices are working properly or not, but it can't really differentiate between a driver problem and a "damaged hardware problem".
Take a look at this thread. Is there a way to check hardware integrity? I think your question may essentially be a duplicate of that one.


There probably is a secondary partition in that extended partition (like /dev/sda5 within /dev/sda2 in the picture)

EDIT: you did forget to follow my first sentence :-)

First you have to make sure that that partition is not mounted and then you must ensure that it leaves enough space inside the extended partition to make it smaller (if you want that).


How to disable the "tap dragging"-feature in Ubuntu 18.04 (libinput) without disabling "tap to click"?

GNOME has a setting for this, it is just not accessible in GNOME Control Center.

You can either use terminal or dconf-editor to access this setting.

Terminal:

Turn off tap-and-drag.

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad tap-and-drag false

Check if it was successful.

gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad tap-and-drag

dconf-editor:

Install dconf-editor
Inside dconf-editor navigate to org/gnome/desktop/peripherals/touchpad
Find tap-and-drag and turn off the setting


What are the steps needed to set up wireguard on Ubuntu 18.04

Installing WireGuard on Ubuntu 18.04 is relatively simple thanks to the efforts of the people behind the project. WireGuard has a PPA repository that is well maintained. You can add this PPA and the recommended prerequisites like this:
Configuring the Server

Open Terminal (if it’s not already open)

Add the WireGuard PPA (not required for versions 20.04 and above):
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wireguard/wireguard

Update Apt for the new repository:
sudo apt update

Install WireGuard plus some recommended prerequisites:
sudo apt install wireguard software-properties-common

Once installed, you should see something like this:
wireguard:
Running module version sanity check.
Original module
No original module exists within this kernel
Installation
Installing to /lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/updates/dkms/
depmod…
DKMS: install completed.

With WireGuard installed, it’s time to configure it and create the encryption keys that will allow the tool to operate securely:
wg genkey | sudo tee /etc/wireguard/privatekey | wg pubkey | sudo tee /etc/wireguard/publickey

As the commands suggest, genkey generates the private key and pubkey generates the matching public key.
The next step will be to create a tunnel device that will route the VPN traffic. This can be done using the ip or wg commands. However, for easier management, you can create a tunnel file and add its configurations within.

Run the commands below to create a tunnel file called wg0.conf:
sudo vi /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf

Note: Feel free to use any text editor that you prefer. The use of vi here is more muscle memory than an explicit endorsement.

Paste this to the file:
[Interface]
Address = 10.0.0.2/24
SaveConfig = true
ListenPort = 51820
PrivateKey = {paste private key here}
PostUp = iptables -A FORWARD -i %i -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o enp0s3 -j MASQUERADE
PostDown = iptables -D FORWARD -i %i -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o enp0s3 -j MASQUERADE

Be sure to replace {paste private key here} with the actual private key generated by WireGuard in the previous step, and enp0s3 with the device that will listen for connections. You can find this information with ip a.

Bring the tunnel online:
sudo wg-quick up wg0
sudo systemctl enable wg-quick@wg0

You will see output that looks something like this:
[#] ip link add wg0 type wireguard
[#] wg setconf wg0 /dev/fd/63
[#] ip -4 address add 10.0.0.2/24 dev wg0
[#] ip link set mtu 1420 up dev wg0
[#] iptables -A FORWARD -i wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o enp0s3 -j MASQUERADE

You can verify the tunnel is in place with this command:
sudo wg show wg0

This will show something along the lines of:
interface: wg0
public key: vGzuXr0nETkqGLg6abrVSCDe4C6tO5eWcIE8gdpRMAk=
private key: (hidden)
listening port: 51820

Now on to some port forwarding …

Open the sysctl.conf file for editing:
sudo vi /etc/sysctl.conf

If you are using an IPv4 address, then uncomment the line that reads: net.ipv4.ip_forward=1. If you are using an IPv6 address, uncomment the line that reads net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1. This should give you a section that looks something like this:
# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6
#  Enabling this option disables Stateless Address Autoconfiguration
#  based on Router Advertisements for this host
#net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1

Save the file. Then run these commands to complete the WireGuard Server setup:
sudo sysctl -p
sudo ufw allow 51820/udp

This will reload sysctl and allow port 51820 through the firewall.

Configure the Client
Next up is the client that will connect to the server. The first few steps will look familiar, as we need to add the necessary PPA, then install the base software:

Open Terminal (if it’s not already open)

Add the WireGuard PPA, update Apt, and install:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wireguard/wireguard
sudo apt update
sudo apt install wireguard software-properties-common

Generate the private and public security keys:
wg genkey | sudo tee /etc/wireguard/privatekey | wg pubkey | sudo tee /etc/wireguard/publickey

Create a wg0.conf file:
sudo vi /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf

Paste this base into the new file and customize accordingly:
[Interface]
PrivateKey = {Client Private Key}
Address = 10.0.0.2/24

[Peer]
PublicKey = {Server Public Key}
Endpoint = {Server IP}:51820
AllowedIPs = 0.0.0.0/0

Note: Be sure to replace {Client Private Key} with the key that was just created and recorded in your /etc/wireguard/privatekey file, {Server Public Key} with the public key recorded on the server, and {Server IP} with the accessible IP address of the server.

Finally …
The last step is to let the server know about the client that will come calling at some point. So, back in terminal on the server, run:
sudo wg set wg0 peer {Client Public Key} allowed-ips 10.0.0.2

Again, be sure to replace {Client Public Key} with the public key from the client.
Back on the client …
Now you can bring up (or reset) the interface and check the connection:
sudo wg-quick up wg0
sudo wg

If everything is properly connected, you should see something like:
interface: wg0
  public key: sZThYo/0oECwzUsIKTa6LYXLhk+Jb/nqK4kCCP2pyFg=
  private key: (hidden)
  listening port: 48052
  fwmark: 0xca6c

peer: r3imyh3MCYggaZACmkx+CxlD6uAmICI8pe/PGq8+qCg=
  endpoint: XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:51820
  allowed ips: 0.0.0.0/0
  latest handshake: 15 seconds ago
  transfer: 28.88 KiB received, 47.74 KiB sent

If you wish to disconnect from the tunnel, you can issue this command:
sudo wg-quick down wg0

There are a lot of steps here for Ubuntu 18.04, and it’s much simpler in newer releases, but this will give you everything you need to run WireGuard on Ubuntu. If you want to connect to your server from Windows, macOS, or a plethora of other Linux/BSD distros, you can download the client software direct from WireGuard.
Hope this gives you what you need.


Fail message during boot. Can I delay boot or how do I solve it?

Okay, so I got some help from reddit, and I figured I would share it here.

The file is: /var/log/boot.log


Gracefully shut down QEMU/KVM on host shutdown

With the help of @Serg's answer, I crafted this set of three scripts (Python 3 and Bash) which listens for Unity Shutdown/Logout dialogs, checks for running VMs, blocks the Unity dialog, displays a nice progress bar, waits until all VMs are off or the timeout is reached, asks if remaining VMs should be forcibly killed and finally displays a custom shutdown/logout dialog.

Here are the scripts. Place them in a location contained in the $PATH variable, like /usr/local/bin/. Make sure they're owned by root and have all execution bits set (chmod +x).

vm-terminator (in Bash, the GUI):

#! /bin/bash

# Use first command-line argument as timeout, if given and numeric, else 30 sec
if [ "$1" -eq "$1" ] 2> /dev/null
    then timeout=$1
    else timeout=30
fi

# Define function to ask whether to shut down / log out / reboot later.
function end_session () {
    action=$(zenity --list --title="VM Terminator" --text="All VMs are shut down. What to do now?" --radiolist --hide-header --column="" --column="" TRUE "Log out" FALSE "Reboot" FALSE "Shut down")

    case $action in
        "Log out")
          gnome-session-quit --logout --no-prompt
          ;;
        "Reboot")
          systemctl reboot
          ;;
        "Shut down")
          systemctl poweroff
          ;;
        *)
          echo "Not ending current session."
          ;;
    esac
}

# Try to shut down VMs with
(
    set -o pipefail
    shutdown-all-vms -i 0.5 -t $timeout -z |
      zenity --progress --title="VM Terminator" --auto-close --auto-kill --width=400
) &> /dev/null
succeeded=$?

# Evaluate whether the task was successful and show host shutdown/logout dialog or kill/manual dialog or error message.
case $succeeded in
    0)
      end_session
      ;;
    1)
      zenity --question --title="VM Terminator" --text="The timeout was reached.\n\nWould you like to forcibly power off all remaining VMs\nor abort and take care of them yourself?" --ok-label="Kill them!" --cancel-label="I'll do it myself" --default-cancel
      if [ $? == 0 ]
        then shutdown-all-vms -t 0 -k
            end_session
        else exit 1
      fi
      ;;
    129)
      zenity --question --title="VM Terminator" --text="You cancelled the timeout.\n\nWould you like to forcibly power off all remaining VMs\nor abort and take care of them yourself?" --ok-label="Kill them!" --cancel-label="I'll do it myself" --default-cancel
      if [ $? == 0 ]
        then shutdown-all-vms -t 0 -k
            end_session
        else exit 1
      fi
      ;;
    *)
      zenity --error --title="VM Terminator" --text="An error occured while trying to shut down some VMs. Please review them manualy!"
      exit 2
      ;;
esac

shutdown-all-vms (in Python 3, the core):

#! /usr/bin/env python3

# Script to gracefully shut down all running virtual machines accessible to the 'virtsh' command.
# It was initially designed for QEMU/KVM machines, but might work with more hypervisors.

# The VMs are tried to be shut down by triggering a "power-button-pressed" event in each machine.
# Each guest OS is responsible to shut down when detecting one. By default, some systems may just show
# an user dialog prompt instead and do nothing. If configured, this script can turn them off forcibly.
# That would be similar to holding the power button or pulling the AC plug on a real machine.

# This script exits with code 0 when all VMs could be shut down or were forced off at timeout.
# If the 'virsh shutdown VM_NAME' command returned an error, this script will exit with error code 1.
# On timeout with KILL_ON_TIMEOUT set to False, the script will exit with error code 2.
# If KILL_ON_TIMEOUT is active and the timeout was reached, but one of the 'virsh destroy VM_NAME' commands
# returned an error, this script exits with error code 3.

import subprocess
import time
from optparse import OptionParser

# Function to get a list of running VM names:
def list_running_vms():
    as_string = subprocess.check_output(["virsh", "list", "--state-running", "--name"], universal_newlines=True).strip()
    return [] if not as_string else as_string.split("\n")

# Evaluate command-line arguments:
parser = OptionParser(version="%prog 1.0")
parser.add_option("-i", "--interval", type="float", dest="interval", default=1,
                  help="Interval to use for polling the VM state after sending the shutdown command. (default: %default)")
parser.add_option("-t", "--timeout", type="float", dest="timeout", default=30,
                  help="Time to wait for all VMs to shut down. (default: %default)")
parser.add_option("-k", "--kill-on-timeout", action="store_true", dest="kill", default=False,
                  help="Kill (power cut) all remaining VMs when the timeout is reached. "
                       "Otherwise exit with error code 1. (default: %default)")
parser.add_option("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", dest="verbose", default=False,
                  help="Print verbose status output. (default: %default)")
parser.add_option("-z", "--zenity", action="store_true", dest="zenity", default=False,
                  help="Print progress lines for 'zenity --progress' GUI progress dialog. (default: %default)")
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()

# List all running VMs:
running_vms = list_running_vms()

# Print summary of what will happen:
print("Shutting down all running VMs (currently {}) within {} seconds. {} remaining VMs.".format(
       len(running_vms), options.timeout, "Kill all" if options.kill else "Do not kill any"))

# Send shutdown command ("power-button-pressed" event) to all running VMs:
any_errors = False
if options.zenity:
    print("# Sending shutdown signals...", flush=True)
for vm in running_vms:
    if options.verbose:
        ok = subprocess.call(["virsh", "shutdown", vm])
    else:
        ok = subprocess.call(["virsh", "shutdown", vm], stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
    if ok != 0:
        print("Error trying to shut down VM '{}' (code {})!".format(vm, ok))
        any_errors = True

# Don't start waiting if there was any error sending the shutdown command, exit with error:
if any_errors:
    print("ERROR: could not successfully send all shutdown commands!")
    exit(3)

# Wait for all VMs to shut down, but at most MAX_WAIT seconds. Poll every INTERVAL seconds::
t0 = time.time()
while running_vms:
    num_of_vms = len(running_vms)
    t = time.time() - t0
    if options.zenity:
        print("# Waiting for {} VM{} to shut down... ({} seconds left)".format(
               num_of_vms, "" if num_of_vms == 1 else "s", int(options.timeout - t)), flush=True)
        print(int(100 * t/options.timeout) if t < options.timeout else 99, flush=True)
    if options.verbose or t > options.timeout:
        print("\n[{:5.1f}s] Still waiting for {} VMs to shut down:".format(t, num_of_vms))
        print(" > " + "\n > ".join(running_vms))
    if t > options.timeout:
        if options.kill:
            print("\nTimeout of {} seconds reached! Killing all remaining VMs now!".format(options.timeout))
            if options.zenity:
                print("# Timeout reached! Have to kill the remaining {}.".format(
                       "VM" if num_of_vms == 1 else "{} VMs".format(num_of_vms)), flush=True)
            for vm in running_vms:
                if options.verbose:
                    ok = subprocess.call(["virsh", "destroy", vm])
                else:
                    ok = subprocess.call(["virsh", "destroy", vm], stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
                if ok != 0:
                    if options.verbose:
                        print("Error trying to forcibly kill VM '{}' (code {})!".format(vm, ok))
                    any_errors = True
            if any_errors:
                print("ERROR: could not successfully send all destroy commands!")
                exit(3)
        else:
            print("ERROR: Timeout of {} seconds reached!".format(options.timeout))
            exit(1)
        break
    time.sleep(options.interval)
    running_vms = list_running_vms()

print("#" if options.zenity else "" + " All VMs were shut down successfully.", flush=True)
if options.zenity:
    print(100, flush=True)
exit(0)

shutdown-dialog-listener (in Bash, the Unity shutdown/logout watchdog):

#!/bin/bash

DISPLAY=:0
dbus-monitor --session "interface='com.canonical.Unity.Session'" | \
  while read LINE;do \
  if grep -qi 'reboot\|shutdown\|logout' <<< "$LINE" ;then \
    VAR="$(virsh list --state-running --name)"
    if [ $(wc -w <<<$VAR) -gt 0 ]; then
      qdbus com.canonical.Unity /org/gnome/SessionManager/EndSessionDialog \
      org.gnome.SessionManager.EndSessionDialog.Close

      vm-terminator
    fi
  fi ;done

All three scripts are directly callable, the core script shutdown-all-vms even has a nice command-line help:

$ shutdown-all-vms --help
Usage: shutdown-all-vms [options]

Options:
  --version             show program's version number and exit
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -i INTERVAL, --interval=INTERVAL
                        Interval to use for polling the VM state after sending
                        the shutdown command. (default: 1)
  -t TIMEOUT, --timeout=TIMEOUT
                        Time to wait for all VMs to shut down. (default: 30)
  -k, --kill-on-timeout
                        Kill (power cut) all remaining VMs when the timeout is
                        reached. Otherwise exit with error code 1. (default:
                        False)
  -v, --verbose         Print verbose status output. (default: False)
  -z, --zenity          Print progress lines for 'zenity --progress' GUI
                        progress dialog. (default: False)

Additionally, you may place shutdown-dialog-listener into your user account's startup applications.


Using altgr-{/} for prev/next tab in Chromium

On Ubuntu 19.04, this can be achieved with autokey (available through the software centre). In autokey, set up a script

  keyboard.send_keys("<ctrl>+<np_page_down>")

and bind it to the keys that you like.


seq24 is connected to zynaddsubfx but I can't get seq24 to play patterns

You probably need a patched version of seq24 as the version in 12.10 (0.9.2) has a JACK transport issue. Keep an eye on the KXStudio-Team PPA, it will soon have a patched seq24 package for Quantal too.

Regards,

Jeremy


How do I reenable Unity after reinstalling the nvidia drivers?

I struggled for a while in a similar spot. Ulimately my problem was that I hadn't installed the latest Nvidia drivers like I thought I had. Execute the following:

$ cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version

NVRM version: NVIDIA UNIX x86 Kernel Module  270.41.06  Mon Apr 18 14:54:25 PDT 2011
GCC version:  gcc version 4.5.2 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.5.2-8ubuntu4)

If you are seeing 173 or 185 in the output, you have an older version of the Nvidia driver installed. Older versions don't work that well - I found that out the hard way.

If this is your problem, launch "Additional Drivers" via the Gnome/System->Administration menu. It should allow you to choose to install the "current version". Choose to do that.


How to control mariadb server using systemctl?

mariadb-server is a metapackage, so it is empty & it is created only for dependencies declarations

~$ apt-cache search "mariadb-server*"
auth2db - Powerful and eye-candy IDS logger, log viewer and alert generator
mariadb-server - MariaDB database server (metapackage depending on the latest version)
mariadb-server-10.0 - MariaDB database server binaries
mariadb-server-core-10.0 - MariaDB database core server files

~$ apt-cache depends mariadb-server
mariadb-server
  Depends: mariadb-server-10.0

~$ apt-cache -i depends mariadb-server-10.0
mariadb-server-10.0
  PreDepends: adduser
  PreDepends: debconf
  PreDepends: mariadb-common
  Depends: libdbi-perl
  Depends: lsb-base
  Depends: mariadb-client-10.0
  Depends: mariadb-server-core-10.0
  Depends: passwd
    passwd:i386
  Depends: perl
  Depends: psmisc
    psmisc:i386
 |Depends: debconf
  Depends: <debconf-2.0>
    cdebconf
    debconf
  Depends: libaio1
  Depends: libc6
  Depends: libpam0g
  Depends: libstdc++6
  Depends: zlib1g

It does not have a systemd entry but an init.d one with different name.

/etc/init.d/mysql

systemd-sysv-generator should have already generated a service file with same name, check it:

 systemctl status mysql.service


Unable to install libssl1.0.0:i386 due to "unmet dependencies"?

I am using Ubuntu 20.04, below steps work for me:
Add 18.04's main repository using
echo "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bionic.list

Update repository cache and check if libssl1.0-dev is now available.
sudo apt update
apt-cache policy libssl1.0-dev

Install libssl1.0-dev.
sudo apt-get install libssl1.0-dev


Android emulator qemu take about 3GB of memory PC runs very slow

As noted by one dev, the i3 CPU "isn’t the best processor to run virtual machines". Another dev there said "An i3 laptop grade processor is only meant to browse web and edit docs and PDFs" and "You are talking about one of the worst processors on the market".

This chart shows the ranking of that CPU compared to others.

Using qemu is the least worst way to set up Android Studio on that machine; you may have done all you can with the limits of your hardware.


How to change the terminal to Alacritty in "Open in Terminal" context mneu?

I installed manually and put the executable in /usr/local/bin
I run this command taken from here to add an alacritty alternative:
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/x-terminal-emulator x-terminal-emulator /usr/local/bin/alacritty 50

then I run @walttheboss command:
sudo update-alternatives --config x-terminal-emulator

If you want remove alacritty alternative this is the command:
sudo update-alternatives --remove "x-terminal-emulator" "/usr/local/bin/alacritty"


Installed to external drive, Grub using wrong architecture

I found the solution. It was booting in Legacy mode because it failed to boot in UEFI. The EFI partition contained EFI/Boot and EFI/ubuntu. It was looking for two files, grubx64.efi and MokManager.efi, in /EFI/Boot, but they were in ubuntu, so I did cp EFI/ubuntu/*.efi EFI/Boot and that fixed it! To clarify, the root problem was that the installer put the boot files in a location that is only suitable for fixed drives, and the solution was to cp -r the files to the correct location.


`startx` fails. could not find module by name='nvidia_304'

I experienced the same issue, but only with nvidia-304 drivers. The newer nvidia-346 drivers from xorg-edgers work just fine. I resolved the issue by running the following commands (in order):

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346

After that, my machine ran with the Nvidia graphics perfectly. Hopefully it will work for you as well.


Note - I don't particularly recommend this -

The "Check Email" is coded in, can only be changed in source.

If you did wish software-center to be used instead then you'd need to change the default handler for mail to software-center (mailto) which extends to more than just what happens when clicking on an icon.

If inclined to check out then open ~/local/share/applications/mimeapps.list & add   this line in the [Default Applications] section (or edit to if already there

x-scheme-handler/mailto=ubuntu-software-center.desktop

A log out/in may be needed

Can be reset to default in System Settings > System info > Default...


How do I Get This Python Script to Execute on Boot or Login?

## ~/.config/autostart ##

Open gnome-terminal window.
Create a terminal profile.

Navigate to 'Edit->Preferences'

Click '+' next to 'Profiles'

Name the profile. (in this case I will use "RunComm")

Click on the 'Command' tab.

Navigate to the "When command exits" select box and select "Hold the terminal open"

Click 'Close' to exit
In an editor create a *.desktop file in the ~/.config/autostart directory.

start-server.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Name=StartServer
Type=Application
Exec=gnome-terminal --working-directory=/home/{YOUR_USER_NAME_HERE}/parent --profile='RunComm' -e 'bash -ci ./START_SERVER.py;bash'

Change file mode of start-server.desktop file.
to make it executable.
chmod +x ~/home/{YOUR_USER_NAME_HERE}/parent/start-server.desktop

**** I am not sure if step 4 is even necessary. Old habit. I have not tested ****

At user login that should open a gnome-terminal window and execute the python script in bash.

Systemd (at boot)

Create a unit service file for the script.
If the directory ~/.local/share/systemd/user doesn't exist then create it.
In a terminal with mkdir -p ~/.local/share/systemd/user

In an editor create a file ~/.local/share/systemd/user/startserver.service

[Unit]
Description=Start server

[Service]
RemainAfterExit=no
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /home/{YOUR_USER_NAME_HERE}/parent/START_SERVER.py

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

Then enable the service

systemctl --user enable startserver.service

It will then start automatically at user login

Status can be checked with

systemctl --user status startserver.service

and

journalctl --user -u startserver.service

systemd

How To Setup Autorun a Python Script Using Systemd


If you're sure the names won't have spaces in them, remove the quotes and use ( ) around the command substitution:

prvar=($(awk ... temp1))

The effect:

$ prvar=( $(awk '/VARIABLES/,/}/ {gsub("VARIABLES"," "); gsub("}"," "); gsub("{"," ");gsub(","," ");print}' temp1) )
$ echo ${prvar[@]} ${#prvar[@]}
cycHostAdapterNumber cycHostAdapterID cycManagerID 3


How do you centre windows using a keyboard shortcut?

I do not know about Gnome (I haven't used it and don't like there way of forcefully enforcing their views), but on KDE, you have the freedom, just open system-settings

Navigate to Window Management -> Window Rules -> Add New Rule

Write the description you want, then match the type of window you want to be centred (by Window Types). You can use the button Detect Window Type for choosing the types of windows to be matched (for this rule to apply).

Next, in Size & Position, do whatever you want.

In Arrangement & Access tab there is a shortcut setting, fill it.

Then hit Apply.

Now when you hit the shortcut, every window that is matched gets this new rule applied to it.


How to use GNOME Color Manager in Ubuntu 12.04?

The naming is indeed counterintuitive.
As per the colormanage documentation it can be either launched from the GNOME Preferences Menu or by invoking:

$ gcm-prefs --verbose

on the commandline.


The problem is with starting up KDE - and not the lower level UNIX login.

Try logging in as a different user to figure out if this is an issue with just your account or with KDE.

Was this an upgraded system?

Try renaming .kde (or .kde4) and then login again. NOTE: this will lose all your KDE account configuration (and data).


You need to install the boto package:

sudo apt-get install python-boto


I would suggest the following setup for a single user desktop:

SSD:

1a. Windows. Whole disk -/- 25 GB.
2a. Ubuntu. 25 GB. 20 GB for / and 5 GB for /home/

HDD:

1b. partition ext4 for native Ubuntu. Size ... whatever you can spare from the NTFS.
2b. partition NTFS for both Windows and Ubuntu file sharing.

This setup benefits the most of the speed of the SSD (holds all system related files) and the reliability of a HDD (holds all personal files).

Regarding 2a: 5 GB /home is enough to hold all configurations. There is a file in ./config/ called users-dirs.dirs where you can change where the user directories can be found. Simply point them to 1b. Having a separate /home/ allows for reinstalling / whilst keeping your personal configurations.

Reinstalling can be done by formatting the SSD (the whole disk for all operating systems or just the one you want to reinstall) and mounting the data partitions.


UFW: Why we write 'any' in allow statement

Looking at the manual, any is referring to the destination of the traffic, which can be an IP address if forwarding traffic to a specific location on the network, or "anywhere" for a given network interface and/or port.
For example, this:
ufw route allow in on eth0 out on eth1 to 10.0.0.0/8 from 192.168.0.0/16

will allow traffic from devices on the private network via the eth1 interface to go out to 10.0.0.0/8 addresses via the eth0 interface.
Whereas this:
ufw allow in on eth0 to any port 80 proto tcp

will allow all new incoming http connections on eth0 to any destination on the host that is listening to port 80 requests.
Destinations can be locations and they can also be applications. A common example would be Apache:
ufw allow in "Apache" to any

which allows all traffic that Apache has rules for, such as ports 80 and 443, and routes them to any Apache listener based on the application profile.
Many people generally skip the to any detail, as it is implied by default when setting route, allow and deny rules.


du -sh utilization does not match df -h amount used!

I am not sure but i have an idea:
df means disk free, so it will show you how much of your disk is actually free.
du means disk used, so it will show you how much of your disk is actually used.
Could it be the case that only 2GB are actually used, but the rest of the space is already reserved for something? I know this problem from ram-related memory statistics, that there is confusion between used/reserved. Not sure with this though.

P.S.: Why exactly are you using a system that is 8 years old? Thats comparable to asking someone why something doesn't work on your windows 2000 machine!


Cannot type after Gnome login since last update

OMG, somehow "Slow keys" got enabled, I don't know how. After disabling it keyboard is OK. What a terrible feature. https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+question/1924


Network connection icon has disappeared from the panel in Ubuntu 13.10

Try it once

Open terminal and execute these commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install --reinstall indicator-network
sudo update-initramfs -u

Logout/restart your system.


a command or script for changing encoded characters in a text file

Finally I found a solution. I installed "enca", a cli program that helped me to detect the encoding of the textual files.
Since they are all WINDOWS-1250 I did create the following script:

#!/bin/bash

for file in *.srt;
do iconv -f CP1250 -t UTF-8 -o "$file".utf "$file" && mv "$file".utf "$file";
done

Then I point the files that I need to convert and start the script. I hope this can help someone with a similar issue.


Overlapping line from smaller disaply in dualhead mode

The problem goes away when I use proprietary amd drivers. Which do not cause some other issues anymore so I can use them now instead of the open source ones.


How to mount a Windows share using Deja-Dup and a NAS Device configured by a WinXP machine?

I am new to Ubuntu Linux myself, but I would like to post what worked for me. I use a Linkstation Live by Buffalo as my NAS. The name of my station is the model, which is LS-XLC5D. When I created my folder on the NAS I wanted to back up to, I set it up with support for Windows, Apple, and FTP.

On Linux, in Deja-Dup under Storage I set Windows Share to be the backup location. I put the IP address of the NAS in the Server field. I put the name of the folder in the Folder field. I left username blank, and put WORKGROUP in the Domain field (you would probably have MSHOME from the look of it).

From this, when I tried to do the backup, it asked me for my username and password, which is the same as if you were logging into the web configuration panel (default is admin/password I believe). Then it asked if I wanted to encrypt the backup and it ran successfully.

The main thing for me was not to use the name of the Linkstation as the server; use the IP address. I got that tip from this website.

I also suppose it will be of great help to set the IP of your NAS to be static. That way if you unplug the NAS and restart the router it won't change the IP address, otherwise you would have to go into backup settings and manually enter the new IP. But that worked for me. Also, I did not need to install Samba at all to get this to work.

I hope this helps!


How to install ubuntu on a partition other than windows partition

When you are running the Ubuntu 13.10 DvD/USB, open a program called Gparted.

You can use this program to edit partitions on your hard drive. Back up any files you need from your E: partition because this will delete everything on it. If E: is a separate hard drive, you need to select it in Gparted by changing the drive in the scroll down selector in the top right.

To make the partition that you want to use available to Ubuntu, you need to format it to ext4. You also need to make a partition for swap. If you already have four partitions on the drive, you need to create a logical partition to hold these two partitions.

Delete the partition you want to use for Ubuntu by right clicking it in the rectangle viewer area and selecting 'Delete'. Now right click in the newly created empty area and select 'New'. If you need a logical partition, create it first by keeping the size the same and selecting logical in the partition type. First, you should make a partition that is for swap. Make it the same size as your RAM, 1024 x # of GB and leave all empty space to the left of it. The format will be called "Linux-swap". Now create another partition for Ubuntu; it will need ext4 format. When you are done hit the apply button (green check mark).

Now start the installer. When you get to selecting how to install Ubuntu, select "something else". In this screen, select the ext4 partition you just made and right click it, then select 'change'. Set the mount point as "/" and select ext4 in the drop down selection.

Make sure your boot loader is selecting the correct drive at the bottom of this window. If you have Windows on sda then the boot loader needs to be on sda; even if you are installing Ubuntu on a different drive.

This should set you up with a dual-boot with Ubuntu and Windows 7.


How do I prevent the installation to fail during the step of taking a picture?

Below are steps to disable the kernel module (driver) for your webcam (gspca_vc032x), temporarily, using the initial boot menu of the Ubuntu Live image. It basically is just using the kernel boot parameter modprobe.blacklist=gspca_vc032x to do so.

In the initial boot menu when booting the live image, press any key to enable the menu.
Select your language; I chose English here.
Highlight the option you want to continue using later (e.g. Try Ubuntu without installing). Don't start yet!
Press F6 (Other Options)
Press Esc to escape from this menu and start a custom editor of the kernel boot parameter line.
The cursor should be at the end of the line now ending with --. Remove the two dashes.
Type modprobe.blacklist=gspca_vc032x
Press Enter ↵ to boot.

Alternatively, you can disable the kernel module after you booted as well.

Boot Ubuntu (live image) the regular way.
Before starting the installation, open a terminal.

Use the regular Terminal application Ctrl+Alt+T, or,
A virtual terminal, by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1. Log in using username ubuntu and no password.

Unload the kernel module to effectively disable the camera:

sudo rmmod gspca_vc032x

Close the terminal application, or, if you used the virtual terminal, go back to the graphical screen using Ctrl+Alt+F7.
Continue as usual, starting the installation.


How to use Mate-Panel in Gnome-Fallback Mode

If you like to see for yourself you’d type mate-panel in the terminal and see how it works for you, but I don't know anybody who did an integration job between them. I ran it in all three environments, gnome-shell, gnome-fallback and unity, and you can use many mate applets in this panel, including mintmenu and window list, hardware temps, cpufreq, weather and more.
You may want to use themes designed to look the same for both gtk2 and gtk3, such as Faience, since you'll be using for example caja and nautilus side by side.
I personally like to use mate-panel with Compiz for the effects.


Windows Repairs Itself After Ubuntu Boot

look at this page

http://thameera.wordpress.com/2011/04/24/restoring-the-windows-mbr-using-a-ubuntu-live-cd-or-usb/

it helped me to fix windows boot loader after i run commands i booted from windows dvd went to restore options and started boot repair ,but then i had to reinstall grub via ubuntu live cd cause it was gone.


13.04 -> 13.10 = black screen after GRUB, before login

Fixed it. Turns out it was an issue of my own creation with /etc/fstab. These are the steps I took to fix it:

1) Boot into Ubuntu's recovery mode and select the option that provides access to the root shell/terminal/command-line.

2) Enter the following to provide write access to the drive (incl/ crucially fstab):

#mount -n -o remount,rw /

3) Next you'll want to open fstab in nano (think of nano as the shell equivalent of gedit):

#nano /etc/fstab

4) Remove whatever you added there to cause the problem or comment it out with a hash (#). Hit Ctrl+X, then Y, then ENTER, or whatever other combination of keys (there's a guide at the bottom) allows you to save and write the changes and exit.

5) Enter the following to cleanly reboot. It may take a moment.

#shutdown -r now

If your problem is anything like mine that's it fixed. :-)


how to install ubuntu 12.04 from iso using wubi

Note that wubi version must match with 12.04 version. Download wubi for Ubuntu 12.04 here. Put it together with .iso file you downloaded.


I found that Sound Juicer which tries to use MusicBrainz is busted, at least as of 13.10.

I don't know how to modify it to use freedb.org.

However, there is a similar program called Asunder which uses CDDB:

sudo apt-get install asunder

In action:

Asunder also has nice configuration options for encoding to OGG, MP3, FLAC and even AAC.


Does Landscape support Ubuntu derivatives?

I don't know about support in the commercial sense (as in - will you get paid support from Canonical with them), but landscape technically works fine on derivatives.
I personally run Ubuntu/Xubuntu/Lubuntu and all of them work properly.

Full disclaimer: I'm a Landscape engineer.


Run sudo apt-get autoremove one more time before trying to update. This fixed the problem for me. Very simple.


That is a script that you have to run to actually install the program.  You can determine this by using the file command on that file:
 pstoolplus_221_linux_x64.bin: POSIX shell script executable (binary data)

So, try running it as bash ./pstoolplus_221_linux_x64.bin to start the installation process.  (It seems to be a sh script, so maybe you need to use sh and not bash.  I'm not interested in installing this program, so I don't intend to try myself.)  I'm not sure if you have to use administrator privileges by prepending sudo on to this.  Either way, I hope this is a program from a trusted source...especially if you intend to run it under sudo.
If you've done all this already, then I wouldn't know where the program has been installed to.  You'll have to look at the documentation or web page for this program to find out.  If you know the executable that's generated, you can see if it's in your path by putting which in front, but if you don't know the executable name, then you need to look at the documentation.


Ubuntu 20.04 download for iMac G5 PowerPC

As far as I know ubuntu doesn't support PowerPC architecture in the newer releases anymore(To be precise , from Trusty Tahr or 14.04 onwards).However you can download the older versions like 14.04 but that's not maintained in the ubuntu official download repository anymore.So you have to use the Wayback Machine.
Fortunately I was able to find a working download link for you that was saved in Aug 2015 (If fact it's Lubuntu which has a lighter desktop environment and is more conservative in memory usage) :
https://web.archive.org/web/20160825231011/http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/trusty/release/lubuntu-14.04-alternate-powerpc.iso
But there is also an alternative : You can use Debian for PowerPC if you want to have a newer kernel and more up-to-date and secure packages in your pocket because the PowerPC architecture is supported officially by the Debian group.
But note that despite of the advantages that a newer OS has , it can be quite difficult to run a new OS smoothly in your iMac because the hardware is rather old. Looks like you have 512 MB of 533 MHz PC2-4200 DDR2 SDRAM
Expandable to 2.5 GB in your iMac G5 according to Wikipedia.See Debian hardware requirements.
For more information see this guide.

Hope it helps.
EDIT: Ubuntu has PPC port as well but it's unofficial and is maintained by the community.It's very difficult to find the download links for it.I don't know why.But at least I found a Ubuntu Server 20.04 for POWER architecture but not PowerPC and I don't think you can run it in your iMac.
For more information see this announement and this FAQ


how to stop apache2, mysql from starting automatically as computer starts?

MySQL is handled by upstart. In 11.04 you can use the new override feature to modify the starting behaviour:

echo "manual" >> /etc/init/mysql.override

See the section "Disabling a Job from Automatically Starting" in the Upstart Cookbook

Apache still uses traditional SysV init scripts so you use

 update-rc.d -f apache2 remove

to remove the links from /etc/rcX.d or, alternatively, use

 update-rc.d apache2 disable

which "disables" the script by changing it from a start script S91apache2 to a stop script K09apache2. This is reversible by update-rc.d apache2 enable.


I have to disagree with the basis of Shauna's answer; LINQPad is not a MS-SQL gui or frontend.  It is a .NET scratchpad which can generate a LinqToSql context for supported data contexts.  This makes it fundamentally different from typical SQL clients (such as SQL Server Management Studio or MySql Workbench).

Out of the box LINQPad ships with drivers which support MS-SQL, however additional drivers can be easily installed and can add support for other data sources--including MySql.

For your specific question the answer is that the closest think you'll find that can run natively on Linux would be a custom .NET application written with Mono (version 2.6 added LINQtoSql support).

However, if you need to use LINQPad with MySql you easily can using the IQ driver.  You will still need Windows to run LINQPad (or, possibly wine).  I personally keep a Windows VirtualBox on my Linux development station specifically for a handful of tools such as LINQPad which are windows-only.


1.Check is your volume turned all the way down, or is your speaker muted:

Click on the speaker icon in the upper right hand corner of the screen. This will launch a drop down menu which has a slider to control the volume. Make sure that the volume is not set too low.

2.Check is your speakers connected correctly:

When connecting speakers to the back of the computer, connect the speakers to the Line Out or Sound Out port, which is usually a light green port.

3.Choose your correct PORT (device) in Pulseaudo properties.

Left click (or right in Xubuntu if you using Alsamixer) on the speacker icon in the upper right hand corner of the screen. This will launch a drop down menu. Choose Sound Settings (or Properties in Xubuntu).
It will open Volume Conctrol.
Open Output Devices tab and select correct device in "Port" to be output source.
For eg. Bulid in analog-stereo, HDA NVidia, Speakers...
Then set it to 100%.

Same thing in Input Devices tab to set microphone or line etc. to be your input source.

For HDMI audio select the HDMI profile (or something like: Digital audio (HDMI) Output, HDMI/Dyslpay port...) in the Configuration tab of the Volume Control.

Please give more infomation.

aplay -l
lspci | grep VGA

With headphones or speakers plugged in, run the following utility for testing:

for analog output

speaker-test -c 2 -r 48000 -D hw:0,0

or for digital output

speaker-test -c 2 -r 48000 -D hw:0,1

With the HDMI cable plugged in, run the following utility for testing:

speaker-test -c 2 -r 48000 -D hw:0,3

if you don't hear the test sound try next device

speaker-test -c 2 -r 48000 -D hw:0,7

and

speaker-test -c 2 -r 48000 -D hw:0,8

(Explanation: the  hw:x,y  is  x = card, y = device)

This just runs a sound test with static bouncing back and forth. Once it has played out of each speaker, hit Ctrl+c to stop it, and then check in your sound settings to see if the HDMI output is now listed under the internal device.
Or: aplay -D plughw:0,3 /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav
If does not output any errors, but still no sound is heared, "reboot" the receiver, monitor or tv set. Since the HDMI interface executes a handshake on connection, it might have noticed before that there was no audio stream embedded, and disabled audio decoding.

If that don't work, do this:
1. Connect your TV or external monitor through HDMI while you are using Ubuntu.
2.Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and use the following command

pulseaudio -k

3.Now, open Sound Settings again. You should see the option of HDMI in the Output tab.

PS. Same procedure whit headphones or speakers.


how to patch a file of an ubuntu package in launchpad

On the bug report page, there should be a way for you or anyone else to post a message or a patch file -  post your patch there.

I don't think that most projects will allow just anyone to directly edit their code, going through the bug report page would be best.


Which java packages do i need to run when installing Aptana?

According to the getting started guide for Aptana Studio 3:

Prerequisites:
Before you install the Release, you should have the following tools installed and working correctly:

Sun/Oracle Java 1.5.x or later on Mac and Linux. OpenJDK is not yet supported.
...

So using OpenJDK to run Aptana is not officially supported.
Personally, when I had used OpenJDK in the past to run Aptana, I had various issues with it. So I don't recommend it.
I would recommend to install the latest Java 6.x to run Aptana. I can't find any info on how well 7.x is supported, but I don't think it would be as well supported as 6.x at the moment.
Problem is that Sun/Oracle Java 1.6 is not available any more in the Ubuntu partner repository for Ubuntu 11.10, like it was for previous releases. The alternatives that I have seen being suggested for installing Java 6.x are:

How do I install Java?


How do I change permissions on a FAT32 drive?

Your are on the wrong track.

The message has nothing to do with a permission problem.

The problem is that the usb drive is not recognized below /dev/sdb1.

This may have two different reasons:

The stick has no partition table. That means that the file system is on /dev/sdb (not the 1st partition). Try to mount instead /dev/sdb.
The stick is assigned to another device name. Please have a look on the dmesg output just after inserting the stick.


try rm -r $HOME/.crawler

else, find ./mozilla/[your profile]/addons.sqlite and (if you know how to) delete database entry for it.

with top/htop, ps and grep in terminal you can more/less determine how crawler starts, if you go and look by pid number.

These are hacks, mind you.

also, creating a brand new profile, import previously exported setting and bookmarks to it should greatly help your case. And is probably much easier. Mind you, you must start firefox from terminal with firefox -no-remote --ProfileManager

sudo apt-get --autoremove remove firefox --purge
sudo apt-get install firefox could help too


can't find conda but only when i use sudo

Try to call conda with its absolute path :

 sudo /path/to/conda

You probably added conda location to your user $path but not to the sudo account

If this works, you can modify the $path for the root user the same way you did for your user

sudo export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin

EDIT : export doesn't work with sudo, but you can change your path in /etc/sudoers (secure_path)


I suggest using stat command:

stat -c %X file.mp4

Instead of %X you can use any of these ( from man stat):

   %w     time of file birth, human-readable; - if unknown
   %W     time of file birth, seconds since Epoch; 0 if unknown
   %x     time of last access, human-readable
   %X     time of last access, seconds since Epoch
   %y     time of last data modification, human-readable
   %Y     time of last data modification, seconds since Epoch
   %z     time of last status change, human-readable
   %Z     time of last status change, seconds since Epoch

Remember that some of them like birth are not implemented yet. Also make sure you are in the same directory which your file is located.


I don't see the need to have spice-vdagent installed (that I understand is for virtual machine guest)
Finally, I found a solution confirming the way to disable it here:

Basically adding the line:
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=false

To the files:
/etc/xdg/autostart/spice-vdagent.desktop
/usr/share/gdm/autostart/LoginWindow/spice-vdagent.desktop

Then stop and disable the service:
$ sudo systemctl stop spice-vdagentd
$ sudo systemctl disable spice-vdagentd

And reboot.


How do I get an Kodak ESP C315 scanner working?

My kodak ESP C315 has a card reader slot (MS, SD/HC MMC). The only way I've been able to use the scanner is to scan to a memory card and then stick the sd card into my pc.

There are some untested drivers here but I got an error message when installing.


Grub makes it very easy to edit its commands, but first determine a few things on your hard disk installation. Boot the live media and :

Start a terminal (Ctrl-Alt-t) and determine  what partition the Ubuntu installation is on and its filesystem with the blkid command.

sudo blkid
Make a note of the UUID for that partition just in case the device fails to work (unlikely)
Mount the hard disk's Ubuntu partition, say at /mnt, and look at the boot directory for the most recent kernel (highest number) with a name like vmlinuz-3.8.0-25-generic.efi.  Note this number, you will use it in the grub edit.

Reboot the live media, and at the grub menu screen, read the instructions at the bottom.  Type "e" to edit, then using the arrow and delete keys change a few things to use the hard disk.
Change the "set root=" to be the Ubuntu's partition (probably hd0 and whatever partition you found above (for example, 7).  Your UEFI machine came with Windows so it uses GPT partitioning, so the command should be edited to:

set root= 'hd0,gpt7'

Next there are a couple of "search" commands, you can edit the items to reflect your disk and partition, or just delete them, all they do is to set the root to the UUID.  If delete doesn't work, edit them next time.  The next two lines are the ones identifying the kernel you want to boot.  Change them to the number of the kernel you found on the hard disk (probably a smaller number than is seen on the live media since the hard disk installation is old).

linux /boot/vmlinuz-???
initrd /boot/initrd.img-???

With those changes, try to boot with ctrl-X or F10.  The hard disk should boot.


Downloading Ubuntu desktop 32-bit version

You can get the latest long term supported version of Ubuntu here:

https://www.ubuntu.com/download/alternative-downloads


The gconf approach is for Gnome 2 only. For Gnome 3 (Ubuntu 11.10 onwards) the ~/.local/share/thumbnailers (or /usr/share/thumbnailers) is the correct one.

And your problem is that you mixed the 2 approaches. This line:

MimeType=application@vnd.ms-htmlhelp;

Should actually be:

MimeType=application/vnd.ms-htmlhelp;

Basically, replace @ for / and it should work. And I also recommend adding application/x-chm to the list, just in case.

You see, @ was just an (ugly) workaround gconf required since / was not a valid char for key names (it is used to indicate key hierarchy).

But apart from the now obsolete gconf, mime types are always defined with /.


How to install mesa 17.3.1 on ubuntu 16.04?

The PPA you've added has this in its description:

  This PPA is for stable upstream releases of X.org components. If you're looking for something even more bleeding-edge, please see the xorg-edgers PPA.

...and indeed xorg-edgers PPA contains mesa 17.3.1 for 16.04.

You can add it with sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa.


How can I execute the last line of output in bash?

The command $(!! |& tail -1) should do:

$ git something
The program 'git' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
sudo apt-get install git

$ $(!! |& tail -1)
$(git something |& tail -1)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
git-man liberror-perl

As you can see the sudo apt-get install git command is running.

EDIT : Breaking down $(!! |& tail -1)

$() is the bash command substitution pattern
bash will expand !! to the last executed command
|& part is tricky. Normally pipe | will take the STDOUT of the left sided command and pass it as STDIN to the command on the right side of |, in your case the previous command prints its output on STDERR as an error message. So, doing | would not help, we need to pass both the STDOUT and STDERR (or only STDERR) to the right sided command. |& will pass the STDOUT and STDERR both as the STDIN to the right sided command. Alternately, better you can only pass the STDERR:

$(!! 2>&1 >/dev/null | tail -1)

tail -1 as usual will print the last line from its input. Here rather than printing the last line you can be more precise like printing the line that contains the apt-get install command:

$(!! 2>&1 >/dev/null | grep 'apt-get install')


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS not install GRUB... not recognizes Windows 7 in Dual Boot

I have found a solution.
#1: I disabled UEFI at my bios. Because I have formated my SSD as MSDOS.
(If I had used UEFI I should formated my SSD as GPT. And created a 256mb FAT32 partition to keep EFI).
By the way, I have used LEGACY boot (not UEFI), I did not create the 256mb FAT32 partition and I skip this at the instalation. Ubuntu 20.04 show a message that it was recommended creating a EFI partition, but I assumed this risk.
#2: When installing finished. Grub was installed and recognized Windows 7 but did not show.
So, I edit: /etc/default/grub
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu and GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
(I found that at the post:
https://medium.com/@leijerry888/get-grub-menu-back-after-installing-ubuntu-20-04-alongside-windows-dab5de5afc37)
After that it could do Dual Boot.
My Ubuntu 20.04 recognized automatizally Windows 7 at sda2.
GRUB is shown at every boot.
Thanks very much.


Dpkg: error: too-long line or missing newline in ‘/var/lib/dpkg/triggers/aspell-autobuildhash’

Oh this stands in the file?

sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/triggers/aspell-autobuildhash $HOME

Removes file in your home. We create a new one.

sudo nano /var/lib/dpkg/triggers/aspell-autobuildhash

write content

dictionaries-common

then try

sudo dpkg --configure -a && sudo apt -f install


Local network works but not the internet

We were able to solve the issue identifying IPv6 as the culprit. When all other options failed, It appears that disabling it brought the connection back to working order.

If you happen to have this same issue in accordance to the specs I have provided, disable IPv6 on the network.


Will computer being shut down due to power failure affect my system files, or speed in any way?

The effect will arise if outage occurs while Installing them, and more larger will be on Your Hardware system .

While installing , like replacing the older with newer version and outage occurs, then you will have Unpredictable system , because at the Time of Installation no one knows what kind of package is being installed , is it going to change Upstart , or Configuration for Startup Desktop , is it upgrading to Newer kernel , ( device Drivers, in case gets affected) , or Updating xorg.conf , etc  it highly depends at the kind of package being stopped from installing during Outage. You should be more worried about Hardware , it has more tendency to damage in such cases.


You can't install software in Ubuntu using .exe files. You will have to download the .deb file.

If you want multipass, you can get it by running sudo snap install multipass --classic in the terminal.

Usually, software are installed in Ubuntu through the terminal using repositories or through the Ubuntu Software Store.

See https://multipass.run/, https://snapcraft.io/multipass and https://multipass.run/docs/installing-on-linux


I presume you've tried adjusting the output device in the regular "Sound Settings" window?

If that doesn't work, I've always managed to resolve issues by using either alsamixer (you need to run that one in a terminal) or failing that pavucontrol.


Is possible to cipher keys in the .juju/environments.yaml file?

No, these are YAML files not bash, as such they are taken as string key => value assignments under normal YAML rules. If you're going to post your configuration file on the internet before sure to first blank the access-key and secret-key fields


To disable the Amazon shopping Scope as well as other shopping scopes in Unity, open Terminal, then copy & paste the command:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Lenses disabled-scopes "['more_suggestions-amazon.scope', 'more_suggestions-u1ms.scope', 'more_suggestions-populartracks.scope', 'music-musicstore.scope', 'more_suggestions-ebay.scope', 'more_suggestions-ubuntushop.scope', 'more_suggestions-skimlinks.scope']"

This answer comes from Web Upd8 How To Disable Amazon / Shopping Suggestions And Other Unity Scopes In Ubuntu 13.10