I guess you are looking for an easy to use front-end for git.
Take a look at "Graphical Interfaces" section of InterfacesFrontendsAndTools page on Git Wiki.  There the following have been mentioned:

gitk - graphical history browser, in Tcl/Tk, distributed with Git (usually in gitk package)
git gui - graphical commit tool, in Tcl/Tk, distributed with Git (usually in git-gui package)
QGit - uses Qt toolkit
Giggle - uses GTK+ toolkit
git-cola - uses PyQt4
gitg - GTK+/GNOME clone of GitX
tig - text mode interface for git, is GUI and pager, uses ncurses

Edit: These are the suggestions given in the other answers.

GitKraken
SmartGit
gitg
rabbitVCS

There are a couple of software which I personally find very easy to use.

Giggle: I personally use giggle  . It is simple and intuitive to use.

Cola Git GUI: I have not used Cola Git , but this does seem promising.


Google Chrome completely disappeared from my machine - Ubuntu 16.04

ifconfig would not delete installed programs. You may have removed it from the sidebar by accident but "whereis" and "which" should still have found it unless your path is messed up.

What does "echo $PATH" show?


unmet dependencies with linux-tools-common

You really didn't say how you tried to install,  but here is what I did.  I just pressed Ctrl+Alt+T on the keyboard to open Terminal. When it opened, I ran run this command.

sudo apt-get install linux-tools-3.2.0-25

And that worked with no errors.  I'm running 12.04 updated just a few minutes ago.

You can also install Linux Tools from USC

Make sure you have the correct Kernel version before you install, because this is version specific.

Try

sudo apt-get -f install

To fix dependencies problems, Try these commands:

Update your sources.list

sudo apt-get update

Clean any partial packages left behind during the wreckage.

sudo apt-get autoclean

Clean your apt-cache

sudo apt-get clean

And try the installation again.


Why does it crash...
The plugins mentioned - replaygain and coverart-browser are coded in the language called Python.
This uses the gi introspection libraries.
These bug-reports are relevant:

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=685402

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=685303

Precise uses an older version of the important package pygobject - it appears the Rhythmbox developers have used the latest libraries found in Quantal.
I've confirmed that the webupd8 PPA works brilliantly in Quantal - no issues with these plugins.
However, the crash is caused by some-code in Rhythmbox v2.98 that is calling stuff in the older libraries - that call is not handled and causes the crash.
Since parts of Unity and some Gnome apps also similarly use pygobject, the crash appears to leave this package libraries in an undefined state causing the instability.
The RB developers have acknowledged this - but are unlikely to resolve this.
choices...
Thus there is a choice - live without these particular plugins and others similarly affected, or to downgrade your Rhythmbox version.
To downgrade from v2.98:
sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:webupd8team/rhythmbox

Then cleanup:
sudo apt-get purge rhythmbox gir1.2-rb-3.0 librhythmbox-core5 rhythmbox-mozilla rhythmbox-data rhythmbox-plugin-zeitgeist rhythmbox-plugin-magnatune rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder librhythmbox-core6 rhythmbox-plugins

i.e. the ppa-purge does not clean-up fully and leaves some libraries still at their v2.98 versions.
Finish off by updating your sources:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install rhythmbox

This will leave you with the default and stable Rhythmbox 2.96 that comes with Precise.
If you still have a hankering for something slightly newer, I have rebuilt WebUpd8's original Rhythmbox v2.97 before that team upgraded.
This is available in my PPA.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fossfreedom/rhythmbox
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install rhythmbox


Your laptop only supports DDR3, no other DDR type.


14.04 freezes after splash | Immediately after installing updates

And problem appears to have been Nvidia drivers, 334.

Fixed using these steps at recovery console.

apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
apt-get install unity
apt-get remove --purge nvidia*
shutdown -r now


Ethernet isn't working on Ubuntu server 18.04 LTS

The ethernet hardware in the server, the other computer and the laptop are undoubtedly different. Because of persistent interface naming, they also likely have different designations. For instance, the ethernet interface may be named enp0s25 in one; enp0s12 in another and eno1 in another.

As a consequence, installing Ubuntu server on one computer and then changing the harddrive to the server without any amendments to netplan is unlikely to ever work, as you’ve seen.

Troubleshooting requires finding out the exact interface name in the server and then setting up netplan accordingly.

I am unaware of any method to do so without a display and keyboard. Once set up, however, the server may be rebooted without them. Thereafter, administration can take place with ssh.


Answer 1: From the terminal, run xfce4-mixer or even easier, if you have the speaker icon on your panel (i.e. which you can easily add to your panel if it's not there, just right-click on the panel and move around, it's not hard) right-click it, chose to run the audio mixer, make sure you are on the playback tab. Your master, headphone and speaker levels should be un-muted and high enough for you to listen to anything.

The problem is that when you mute your volume again, only the master responds reasonably. But the speaker and headphone levels get muted and never back to un-muted. So I have to manually un-mute the headphone and speaker levels.

I tried a solution which didn't work for me, but may be for others. It's about sudo editing a file: /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf and append this line to it: options snd-hda-intel model=laptop-eapd, then reboot, but this didn't work for me.

I'm using a Dell Inspiron SE 7520, Ubuntu 13.10, Xfce 4.12.

Answer 2: Log out of Xfce, log in using Unity, un-mute your voice (This is the trick. I found my sound muted on Unity). Logout and login again using Xfce.

What still bothers me, is that when I muted the sound on Xfce, the problem occurred again. No sound at all even if I un-mute it while I'm still on Xfce !


Is there any tools to remove all "links" from a PDF file

I've found a way of doing it; I don't think it's intended behaviour exactly, but it works by virtue of pdfjam not preserving links in the output (listed as a known issue in its man page, but somewhat helpful for your particular situation).

It uses the pdfjam package, so run sudo apt-get install pdfjam first. Then simply navigate to the folder containing the pdf file (take as example foo.pdf), and run pdfjam foo.pdf . It should process it and output as foo-pdfjam.pdf, and any hyperlinks should be gone from the output file.


Does ecryptfs-setup-private use real time encryption?

I'll answer this question, as the author of ecryptfs-setup-private, and one of the maintainers of eCryptfs.

eCryptfs provides very strong cryptographic protection of your data "at rest" -- ie, when your system is powered off or hibernated.  However, you should beware that when your system is running, and your home directory is mounted, your data is protected exclusively by DAC (Discretionary Access Controls) -- ie, UNIX filesystem permissions.  By default in Ubuntu, if you're using an Encrypted Home Directory, then your $HOME directory has 700 permissions -- so no other users on the system besides you (and root) will be able to see your data while its mounted.  Now when your data is mounted, then it is safely locked away in encryption.

As always, you should still have a very strong LOGIN passphrase, however.  Your LOGIN passphrase is used to encrypt and decrypt a much longer and strong randomly generated mount passphrase, which is stored in $HOME/.ecryptfs/wrapped-passphrase.  If an attacker has access to $HOME/.ecryptfs/wrapped-passphrase, then they can try and decrypt that file by guessing your LOGIN passphrase.  If they do decrypt that, then they will have access to your long/random MOUNT passphrase and your data is no longer safe.  As a stronger measure of security, some paranoid users (such as myself) store their wrapped-passphrase file on secure removable media such as a USB key or an SD-card, and use a symbolic link to link it into place at $HOME/.ecryptfs/wrapped-passphrase.  This should only be attempted by expert users.

Cheers!


Titanium SDK gives a "file too short" error

This is beta software according to their website and was released on the 13th:

"The Titanium SDK 1.7 Release Candidate 1 may have undesirable bugs and regressions and partial features, and is not recommended for production use."

The file is inside your installation of titanium and the error message to me sounds like a problem with that software and looks like it is not from missing something in Ubuntu.

Best practice would be to file a bug on the bug website.

The desktop version is 1.2.0-rc1 (1.7 is the mobile version) and it states in the release notes:

"Linux requires a current up to date Maverick 10.10, Natty (11.04) is not supported."

You might be out of luck with getting this to work on Natty...


Permission denied: 'F:\\wubildr' when install using Wubi

See this: https://bugs.launchpad.net/wubi/+bug/862003
The install is actually successful.


Assuming you're using 11.10:

Click the gear/power icon (top right)
System Settings
Keyboard (not Keyboard Layout)
Shortcuts Tab
Launchers

You can set a key for the calculator there by clicking the shortcut key in the row listing the shortcuts, and then pressing the desired shortcut keys on your keyboard. You can also set keys for any non-standard apps you like in the 'Custom Shortcuts' category. The only problem is finding a key that hasn't been used for something else.


Is there a Linux software RAID that can be shared with a windows installation?

You have 3 "models" of RAID, and 3 answers to your question:

The hardware RAID: It should work on Linux and Windows, and it's transparent and makes everybody believe there's just one drive (if you're doing RAID1 for example).
Semi-hardware RAID(or FakeRAID): In fact it's in reality 99% software RAID. Take a look at the FAQ about it. If you have a driver for Windows AND Linux, it's mostly OK.
Software RAID. I don't know any software that is compatible between Linux and Windows, so it's a no.


make menuconfig won't work.

Might depend on a simple $ sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev.

Furthermore I'm not convinced just a simple CONFIG_HZ_1000 will make you happy, there might be other problems raising from changing it.
I'd recommend taking a thorough look into that.


Limited resolution booting with rEFInd on iMac 5K

It's not your fault

This is a known bug with the iMac 5k, and occurs even when using Boot Camp to dual boot with Windows!

Here's a video mentioning the problem: https://youtu.be/tgTMxB-ffjM?t=3m44s

I don't really think there's anything you can do about it, unfortunately :(


Lenovo G700, New SSD Ubuntu clean 14.04LTS, Want to Use old Ubuntu Programs in orignial HHD installed in Optical Drive bay

By running applications from your original HDD (even if you'd be able to make it work), you'd bypass the package management (apt). Don't do that! You wouldn't receive any updates on your applications and they might be vulnerable to attacks from outside (for example, your webbrowser) or have unresolved, breaking bugs.

If you don't have very limited bandwith, just go with a clean, new install of all your applications. Simple as that. Thinking of it, even limited bandwith is no good excuse. Just don't do it.


No, you do not have to know the filesystem type.  From man mount:

   mount [-fnrsvw] [-t fstype] [-o options] device dir

where [-t fstype] is an optional parameter and:

-t, --types fstype
       The argument following the -t is used to indicate the filesystem
       type.  The filesystem types which are currently supported depend
       on  the  running  kernel.   See  /proc/filesystems and /lib/mod‐
       ules/$(uname -r)/kernel/fs for a complete list of  the  filesys‐
       tems.   The  most common are ext2, ext3, ext4, xfs, btrfs, vfat,
       sysfs, proc, nfs and cifs.

So yes, the filesystem type is cifs and mount auto-detected that.


Have you looked into using gparted to format that partition?
From your Ubuntu install, or from a LiveCD you can use gparted to format and resize your partitions, even after using the initial guided setup from installing Ubuntu.

Here is a tutorial for its use.


You can use a for loop and some tests

for f in Show*/Season*/*.srt; do if [[ ! -f "${f%%.*}.mkv" ]] && [[ ! -f "${f%%.*}.mp4" ]] && [[ ! -f "${f%%.*}.avi" ]]; then echo rm -v -- "$f"; fi; done

Remove echo after testing to delete the files

As a script:

#!/bin/bash
for f in Show*/Season*/*.srt; do
    if [[ ! -f "${f%%.*}.mkv" ]] &&
       [[ ! -f "${f%%.*}.mp4" ]] &&
       [[ ! -f "${f%%.*}.avi" ]]; then
         echo rm -v -- "$f"
    fi
done

And remove echo to really do the job, if you see it is going to remove the correct files...

if [[ ! -f "${f%%.*}.mkv" ]]; then means, if there is no such file as the file we are dealing with, that has an .mkv extension instead of .srt, then do something with the current file.


At Ubuntu Machine open terminal

sudo smbpasswd -a USERNAME

where USERNAME is your user name


How do I install stable SopCast-Player in Ubuntu 12.04 or 14.04?

So, let's install SopCast-Player easy and fast right away. For this we need:

1. Firstly, update apt:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

2. gdebi installer:

sudo apt-get install gdebi

3. install python-glade2:

sudo apt-get install python-glade2

4. Download and install sp-auth with gdebi installer, just right click on a file and choose install with gdebi.

Download sp-auth 32bit version

Download sp-auth 64bit version

5. Download and install SopCast-Player with gdebi installer.

Download SopCast-Player 32bit version

Download SopCast-Player 64bit version

Type sopcast-player in terminal or type in Dash Launcher Search and hit it.

Enjoy!


After installation, mouse does not work and desktop does not load

Thanks to all the people who helped for your time ! Strangely I solved the problem selecting the "fix the broken packages" option. I was quite unsure whether to use it or not. But it worked well.

*Little update : the systems works fine and I was able to to the update to the last distribution 18.04.1 LTS


dell e5420 ubuntu laptop fan not fast enough for TF2

2 tips...

I'm not sure what BIOS you have, but if there are options for fan control, thermal profile, etc... Play with the settings... it is possible that your BIOS controls your fan speed, not your OS, and if that's the case then whatever program you install, it doesn't matter it won't change anything...
Get some machine oil, disassemble the fan if possible, (it often has a C shaped thing keeping it form falling apart at the back side under a sticker) clean it(it may have so dried shit inside), and put a drop of machine oil(mineral oil, or motor oil is fine) as you re-assemble it... Cooking oil will block it in time it's not like machine oil, don't use cooking oil or olive oil... I've done that many times, no fan has ever failed me. :) Press fitted, fans suck, cause you can't really disasemble it.


Dividing an existing Ubuntu installation on two physical drives

Not tested, but I would do it in this way if the SSD is at least the same size or bigger than HDD:
Let's name the SSD as /dev/sda and the HDD as /dev/sdb for simplicity.
Steps:

Plug in the SSD and the HDD and boot a live Ubuntu from a bootable media (CD-ROM, pendrive)

issue this command in a terminal: sudo dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/sda

when finished, mount /dev/sda and edit on it the /etc/fstab file by adding:
/dev/sdb1 /home           ext4     noatime,nodiratime,defaults        0       2

Enter the /home directory of mounted /dev/sda and erase everything there.

Now comes the hard part: mount /dev/sdb1 and erase everything except /home directory.

When cleaned, enter /home and move out the directories to the root of mounted /dev/sdb1

Erase the empty /home directory from /dev/sdb1

If /dev/sda was bigger than /dev/sdb, use gparted to resize the partition to fit the disk.

Reboot from /dev/sda

Enjoy.


got a problem with the package youtube-to-mp3

problem solved:

although it did not work when I posted the original question, I tried it again and deleted 'youtube-to-mp3' with

sudo apt-get purge youtube-to-mp3

and it worked. The package is gone but the icon [actually the icon is gone and just the name] remains in the desktop menu. Installing/Removing of other apps and packages is working fine and without error again.

I am not sure but I think when I tried to delete the package before I used
sudo apt-get remove instead of purge. So maybe that was the solution.


Should I upgrade to 16.04LTS from 15.10?

With an upgrade, there is always risk. You could upgrade and have your computer blow up, or be left with an unbootable installation. Your desktop environment may not work, your files may be gone, graphics may be broken, programs may not open, etc.

With that said, the chance of something like the above going wrong is rather low, if 15.10 was a fresh install, and you haven't modified any system files. With every upgrade and every modified system file, the risk that comes with an update increases. However, unless you've been upgrading since Ubuntu 12.04, you should be fine.

It's always better to back up and do a fresh install. You should be fine doing an upgrade, but definitely back up your data beforehand.


Problem with shared library libc++.so.1 on kubuntu 18.04

.. an android project required 32-bit version of libc++.so.1

libc++ : The package name is e.g. libc++1

sudo apt install libc++-dev

Overview, libc++ versions https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=libc%2B%2B&searchon=names


ubuntu 18.04 failed to connect to some HTTPS sites

I solved it, by disabling ipv6 on my machine. Dont really know why but it worked.

To disable ipV6 on Ubuntu or Linux Mint, follow this tutorial: https://support.purevpn.com/how-to-disable-ipv6-linuxubuntu

Disabling in network manager was not enough.


Can't install ubuntu error [ok] started dispatcher daemon for systemd-networkd

Thanks to @N0rbert I found the answer. I should boot the system in safe graphic mode.


how to get Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000's zoom slider (and other buttons) to work?

Create the file /etc/udev/rules.d/98-ms-ergo.rules with the following contents:

ACTION=="remove", GOTO="keyboard_end"
KERNEL!="event*", GOTO="keyboard_end"
ENV{ID_INPUT_KEY}=="", GOTO="keyboard_end"
SUBSYSTEMS!="usb", GOTO="keyboard_end"

SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", IMPORT{builtin}="usb_id"

ENV{ID_VENDOR}=="Microsoft", ENV{ID_MODEL_ID}=="00db", RUN+="keymap $name 0xc022d pageup 0xc022e pagedown"

GOTO="keyboard_end"

This will map the zoom key to page-up/page-down without changing the installed files in /lib/udev.

Once added, you just need to unplug and replug your keyboard for it to start working.


Solved.  Reformatted the partition using mkfs.ext4 and it showed up and mounted manually.  Added to /etc/fstab and rebooted and automounting worked as it should.


you can run the following command to convert all of your mp4 videos to avi:

for i in `find . -type f -name '*.mp4'`; do avconv -i "$i" -qscale 1 "${i/.mp4/.avi}"; done

For more info on avconv, see the manpages:

man avconv

Alternatively, you can download as a specific format by using the --recode-video FORMAT flag like so (but the only formats supported are : mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv):

youtube-dl --recode-video flv

for format .flv, followed by the URL.

Newer versions of youtube-dl may allow recoding to avi:

youtube-dl --recode-video avi

and newer versions of Ubuntu (15.04+) will allow you to prefer ffmpeg over avconv if ffmpeg is installed:

youtube-dl --recode-video avi --prefer-ffmpeg


How to install openstack autopilot without JUJU & MAAS

The packages and dependencies needed for OpenStack are in the Canonical Cloud Archive, which is not the archie you have installed. See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ServerTeam/CloudArchive for details. You can use those packages together with puppet or chef or your preferred configuraiton management system to build whatever kind of openstack you like.

However, the recommended approach is to use Juju and MAAS. The juju charms model the various applications in openstack much more naturally and you will find it infinitely easier for build small, medium or large openstack clouds if you master juju. I have seen many substantial teams, who initially rejected Juju because it was different to their existing tools, who came back to it with relief after suffering through a large deployment without it. The reason is that Juju models applications at scale, it doesn't worry so much about machines. That means you focus on the components you want.

I would suggest you start with the conjure-up tool, as a way to start to understand Juju and OpenStack better. Use 16.04 and try apt install openstack, sudo conjure-up openstack.


How can I install Ubuntu on a MacBook 6.1?

Solution :

Start computer with an Ubuntu LiveCD (cmd + S at starting)
open Gparted, and resize the partitions as required
restart computer with mac
install rEFIt
restart again with "C"
Install Ubuntu :)


Looking for information about upcoming dockbarx releases

Well, I - the developer - can answer you here as well.

Turning of grouping will as such will not happen as long as I'm in charge of DockbarX. I want to keep the consistency: a button on the task bar represents an application, not a window.

Your linked question is about prism, though. Since prism is web applications, different web applications should have their own button. I'm working on this. Hopefully it will make the next version (0.43) but until the code is written nothing is certain.


How to work around Eclipse Luna/GTK bug 339174 (change to not use oxygen)

I've found two solutions:

disable GTK3 by exporting SWT_GTK3=0, then change the GTK2 theme to something else than oxygen (e.g QtCurve). Without the second step oxygen-gtk2 will crash eclipse too.
change GTK3 theme - I was unable to change it with the GUI tools provided with KDE. I had to install kde-gtk-config and remove settings.ini in ~/.config


Can't udate freshly installed Ubuntu 18.04

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Been using these commands lately. Without the -get


ATI Radeon HD7000 Series (Laptop) - Switch Mode Between ATI & Intel Integrated GPU. Stuck on Boot Screen On Intel GPU Selection Mode

I am currently using an Acer 3820tg

intel core i3 350M
2.26 Ghz L3
Ati Mobility Radeon HD 5470 up to 2138 MB hyper memory
13,3" HD LED LCD
4gb DDR3
SSD corsair 60GB sata 2
And to use my Intel graphics and to disable my ATI card, I need to add a few things.

(I did this in a clean installation and with the open source graphics. You should not install the catalyst drivers since they will remove the vgaswitcheroo option and you will not be able to use it.)

First, edit your Rc/local file:

gksudo gedit  /etc/rc.local

then add these lines before the exit0 :

sleep 6
echo ON > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch
echo IGD > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch
echo OFF > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch

Then save and restart. (please note that it worked for me but it may not work for you! use it at your own risk)


Ubuntu 16.04 Error Processing archive mysql-common

@mbahlol i was able to fix the issue by the following command :

sudo cp /etc/mysql/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback

When you first do you

sudo apt upgrade

mysql-common explain that it can t find a previous mysql configuration file, so i created it and it seems that everything works fine now, hope it will be the same for you


How to clone only some directories from a git repository?

dobey's answer is no longer the case since git v1.7.  You can now checkout certain folders from a repository.  The full instructions are found here.

git init <repo>
cd <repo>
git remote add -f origin <url>

git config core.sparseCheckout true

echo "some/dir/" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout
echo "another/sub/tree" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout

This tells git which directories you want to checkout. Then you can pull just those directories

git pull origin master


There is no documented api for changing icons dynamically with unity but a hack-ish way of doing so would be to use XChangeProperty, a method provided by libX11.

An example I've found from a dated StackOverflow Answer links to a working gist to perform that task using C.


“Module 88212cu not found” installing rtl8821CU USB driver for 0bda:c811 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. 802.11ac NIC wifi adaptor

You should type commands a bit more carefully.
The module name is 8821cu.


Firstly, try running Evolution from a terminal - you can look at what it logs to STDERR and STDOUT for clues about what might be going wrong.

With that out of the way: integrating with Exchange has always been one of my bug bears about switching to Linux full time and remains so. Neither of the two approaches for Evolution are satisfactory, in my opinion - both libmapi and the ews library have bugs and flaws that make them frustrating to use in the long run.

Assuming your IT department don't have POP3 or IMAP enabled on the server, your best bet might be to try Outlook Web Access - older versions were pants on non-IE browsers but more recent versions are surprisingly robust.

Probably not the answer you're looking for though :-D


Difference between essid, bssid and ssid in commands?

My understanding is that ESSID is the name of the access point, which can be changed, but BSSID is numeric ID of the access point (something like MAC address of the router). For instance, on my college campus we have many different access points with same name, but BSSIDs are different for each router. You can list networks with their respective ESSID and BSSID with

nmcli dev wifi

Or for cleaner output you can do nmcli -f SSID,BSSID dev wifi.

Also with iwlist, for example:

sudo iwlist wlp2s0 scan


my copy of that file looks like this :

# file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.

# PCI device 0x10ec:0x8168 (r8169)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="ur::ma:ca:dd:re:ss", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"

yours will need adjustment to you mac address and your device but as it says at the top of the file its generated by /lib/udev/write_net_rules


Long terminal output;time consuming code; no forethought

You can not. What goes outside the buffer is gone.

By the way... the smarter option would be to send that output to a logfile.

python script.py >/tmp/output.txt 2>&1

will send all output to /tmp/output.txt. If you open a 2nd TAB and do

tail -f /tmp/output.txt

you can see the log on screen and retain the information.

Also works:

python script.py | tee output.txt

or

python script.py 2>&1 | tee output.txt


Gparted status
This is the last status shot screen. Maybe help to resolve my previous "ask ubuntu" I can't start ubuntu 14.04.


How do I give myself access to /var/www to create and edit files and folders in it without 'sudo'?

The /var/www/ folder is touched by the system, and not just the users/administrators, so you should not be messing with these settings on the base /var/www directory unless you know what you're doing.  Typically, with how I run things, I make site-specific directories inside /var/www/, and then give myself permissions there, which solves the issue of the system overwriting site data accidentally (it usually won't mess with subfolders in there of your own creation).

Therefore, you may instead wish to set up a folder inside of /var/www/ and modify your Apache site DocumentRoot settings to point the website to that subfolder (say, /var/www/mysite/), and then run commands command to give yourself write access, and the web server read access, while blocking other users from accessing.

First, to create the folder, replacing 'mysite' with whatever name you wish to use:

sudo mkdir /var/www/mysite

Second, lets give you access, and the WebServer access.  Apache2 runs as www-data by default.

sudo chown $USER:www-data /var/www/mysite

Thirdly, we need to make sure any files created in the folder are automatically given www-data as the group owner (so that it can actually read files it needs to read); we set the "SetGID" sticky bit for this.  We also may want to stop other users (except superuser and the web server) from accessing the folder too, in case there's passwords stored in the data that should not be exposed (see my warning at the bottom of the answer):

sudo chmod g+s /var/www/mysite
sudo chmod o-rwx /var/www/mysite

Fourth, you have to edit your Apache site.  You may be using the 'default' site configuration, if you're new to it.  You'll need to run a set of tasks:

Find the configuration file - usually in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled.
Edit the configuration files - find the DocumentRoot line, and modify it to say: DocumentRoot /var/www/mysite (replacing 'mysite' with whatever directory name you made.
Restart Apache - sudo service apache2 restart.

Once you've done all this, you should be able to put documents into /var/www/mysite directly, without sudo (so FTP/SFTP will work), and the web server should have the access permissions it needs for everything inside the site directory.

(Obligatory IT Security warning, because I'm an IT security person)

  WARNING!

  Website permissions are very evil and depending on what you're using on the site can be almost impossible to get working without a lot more work and effort.  There are also files in some web applications that should NOT be accessible by the world outside of what you must give access to.

  It is also important to note that web applications are vulnerable to a LOT of potential exploits, so it is critical to keep your site updated with software updates to Apache, but also updates to the software you run on the site (WordPress, for example).


GnuPG is one base package for security and have deep dependencies, that's the reason it's not possible to build and install it following the debian packaging model.

    ├─ gnupg2
    │    ├─ dpkg (>= 1.15.4)
    │    ├─ gnupg-agent (= 2.1.11-6ubuntu2)
    │    ├─ install-info
    │    ├─ libassuan0 (>= 2.0.1)
    │    ├─ libbz2-1.0
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.15)
    │    ├─ libgcrypt20 (>= 1.6.1)
    │    ├─ libgpg-error0 (>= 1.14)
    │    ├─ libksba8 (>= 1.2.0)
    │    ├─ libreadline6 (>= 6.0)
    │    ├─ libsqlite3-0 (>= 3.7.15)
    │    └─ zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4)
    ├─ dpkg
    │    ├─ libbz2-1.0
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    ├─ liblzma5 (>= 5.1.1alpha+20120614)
    │    ├─ libselinux1 (>= 2.3)
    │    ├─ tar (>= 1.23)
    │    └─ zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4)
    ├─ libbz2-1.0
    │    └─ libc6 (>= 2.4)
    ├─ libc6
    │    └─ libgcc1
    ├─ libgcc1
    │    ├─ gcc-6-base (= 6.0.1-0ubuntu1)
    │    └─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    ├─ gcc-6-base
    ├─ liblzma5
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    └─ multiarch-support
    ├─ multiarch-support
    │    └─ libc6 (>= 2.3.6-2)
    ├─ libselinux1
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    └─ libpcre3
    ├─ libpcre3
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    └─ multiarch-support
    ├─ tar
    │    ├─ libacl1 (>= 2.2.51-8)
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.17)
    │    └─ libselinux1 (>= 1.32)
    ├─ libacl1
    │    ├─ libattr1 (>= 1:2.4.46-8)
    │    └─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    ├─ libattr1
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.4)
    │    └─ multiarch-support
    ├─ zlib1g
    │    └─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    ├─ gnupg-agent
    │    ├─ libassuan0 (>= 2.3.0)
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.15)
    │    ├─ libgcrypt20 (>= 1.6.1)
    │    ├─ libgpg-error0 (>= 1.14)
    │    ├─ libnpth0 (>= 0.90)
    │    ├─ libreadline6 (>= 6.0)
    │    ├─ pinentry
    │    └─ pinentry-curses
    ├─ libassuan0
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    └─ libgpg-error0 (>= 1.14)
    ├─ libgpg-error0
    │    └─ libc6 (>= 2.15)
    ├─ libgcrypt20
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.15)
    │    └─ libgpg-error0 (>= 1.14)
    ├─ libnpth0
    │    └─ libc6 (>= 2.17)
    ├─ libreadline6
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.15)
    │    ├─ libtinfo5 (>= 6)
    │    └─ readline-common
    ├─ libtinfo5
    │    └─ libc6 (>= 2.16)
    ├─ readline-common
    │    ├─ dpkg (>= 1.15.4)
    │    └─ install-info
    ├─ install-info
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    └─ dpkg (>= 1.16.1)
    ├─ pinentry
    ├─ pinentry-curses
    │    ├─ libassuan0 (>= 2.0.1)
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    ├─ libgpg-error0 (>= 1.14)
    │    ├─ libncursesw5 (>= 6)
    │    └─ libtinfo5 (>= 6)
    ├─ libncursesw5
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    └─ libtinfo5 (= 6.0+20160213-1ubuntu1)
    ├─ libksba8
    │    ├─ libc6 (>= 2.14)
    │    ├─ libgpg-error0 (>= 1.14)
    │    └─ multiarch-support
    └─ libsqlite3-0
         └─ libc6 (>= 2.14)

It's better to upgrade to a newer release, since the packages on each release are frozen to meet stability and compatibility among them.

In case you still need to install newer packages and want to get your hands dirty  try,

https://gist.github.com/vt0r/a2f8c0bcb1400131ff51

Cheers!


Disable ec2 metadata service from cloud-init

If you really want to use a cloud-image with virtualbox, I'd suggest the .vmdk that Canonical produces instead of the ec2 ami.  It's already set up to use the no-cloud data source and my version of virtualbox already works with a .vmdk natively (or converts transparently, I am not really sure).

For detailed instructions, this answer has more.


Why is dhclient saying: "SIOCSIFADDR: Permission denied"?

Based on the stack trace at http://silenzio.dk/pi/dhc.strace the first
SIOCSIFADDR: Permission denied error occurs at line 735, during
execution of process 26092: ifconfig eth2 inet 0 up.  Now only
root can ifconfig something up, so let's trace the chain of
fork()/exec() and look for UID changes.  It turns out that:

process 26092 is a child of 26090 (line 689)
process 26090 runs with UID 101 and GID 102 (lines 355--358)
process 26090 tries to set its UID/GID back to 0, but fails (line 310)
process 26090 is a child of 26089 (line 286)
process 26089 switched its UID:GID to 101:102 (lines 282--283)

So, the errors occur because the executing child process does not have
the necessary root privileges.  Why does this happen?  The
debian/changelog file in the dhcp3-3.0.6.dfsg sources says:

dhcp3 (3.0.1-2ubuntu4) breezy; urgency=low

  Derooted the DHCP client:
  * Added debian/patches/deroot-client.patch:
    - client/dhclient.c: After initialization, dro privileges to dhcp:dhcp and
      only keep CAP_NET_RAW and CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE.
    - Add a setuid wrapper call-dhclient-script to call
      /etc/dhcp3/dhclient-script as root.
    - Install call-dhclient-script into /lib/dhcp3-client/.

My guess is that call-dhclient-script has lost its set-UID bit, and
is thus not executing with root privileges as it should.  (According to
the debian/dhcp3-client.postinst file in the sources, it should
be owned by root:dhcp and mode 4754)


Some devices don't work on 3.0 USB port?

You didn't say which version of Ubuntu you are using. USB 3.0 is problematic (buggy) in all versions prior to 12.04 in my personal experience.

Your best options may be to upgrade to 12.04 (or upgrade your kernel to at least 3.2).


Most of times it could be about your graphic card gets warm and because your graphic card is integrated into your cpu the system thinks that cpu gets warm

install mesa-utils and mesa-utils-extras and reboot  , for installing use the following command-

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils mesa-utils-extra

it will work for Intel Graphic Cards

If you are having NVIDIA graphic card then use bumblebee because mesa and NVIDIA will conflict with each other for sure.. to install bumblebee use-

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/testing

then for 12.04 and 13.04 use-

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia virtualgl linux-headers-generic

otherwise  for 13.10 use-

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus linux-headers-generic

If that doesnt work, try to

Cleaning your laptop- As might be its because of just that, stopping fan from running  properly.
Update bios - After updating it can perform good operations like increasing compatibility .That solved my issue.
Update Kernel

hope the very first suggestion will resolve your problem.


When I tried installing ubuntu 12.04 off a disk, it just showed a black screen, so I tried downloading the Ubuntu ISO again and re-burning it and it worked. I know it is annoying fix, but maybe if you can't find anything else, you can try re-downloading it and re-burn it.


This seems to be the general solution for 168c:0042 device issues, although it hasn't worked for me:

Update your device firmware:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.161_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware*.deb

After the update, reboot and let us know the results


Modules loading despite being added to the blacklist

After modifications in /etc/modprobe, you need to run:

sudo update-initramfs -u

I would be careful with disabling drm etc. I wouldn't be surprised if the nvidia driver depends on it (check with modinfo nvidia). Also, should you have any problems with your nvidia driver, then you will have a low resolution screen which might not support the GUI login at all.

Why would you disable the iGPU? The processor is already in use so I doubt if it saves any power or resources.


Install printer using custom ppd file on Ubuntu 16.04

This worked for me in 16.10 :

Install CUPS:

sudo apt-get install cups cups-client

then make sure you user belongs to the lpadmin group:

sudo adduser $USER lpadmin

Reload CUPS:

sudo service cups restart

You then access CUPS via this address : http://localhost:631/

Click "Add Printer" and follow through: you will see an option to use a PPD file.


Getting the error Error:BrokenCount>0 after installing packages

I tried

sudo rm -vf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

To remove all the broken package information.
Then I ran

sudo apt-get update

This restored the package database.

After that I opened Ubuntu Software Center and a dialog box appeared saying that i needed to repair some broken dependencies. I clicked on the Repair button and the problem was resolved.


Attempting to use or disable window spread causes instant logout

Well, after checking out the bug report in Seth's comment and also this question regarding a similar problem in 11.04, I was able to solve the problem.

Disable window spreading in Unity Tweak Tool. (Note: this may cause the intempestive logout.)
Install Compiz Config Settings Manager if you haven't got it already.

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
Run ccsm
Select "Windows Management"
In right panel, tick the box next to Scale.
Click on Scale to open, and select Bindings tab.
Where you see Initiate Window Picker, think "start window spreading".

My settings:

"TopRight" (corner) and Super-w for Initiate Window Picker
"TopLeft" and Shift-Super-w for Initiate Window Picker for All Windows.

Click the Back button, then the Close button.

And now window spreading works, whether using hot corners or the keyboard. It was not necessary to reset Unity or do anything quite so drastic as suggested in some sources.


That package name is iptables not iptable  use command :

sudo apt-get install iptables


My hard disk converted from ntfs tp raw. Can it be recovered in Ubuntu?

If you were doing anything before the restart, that could have screwed up the disk. I have seen bad defragmenting, partition resizing and moving screw up drive formats. If you haven't been doing stuff like that, you can try looking into using a disk diagnostic tool such as GParted (which I would recommend, because it will give you more specific details than any stuff Microsoft gives) to figure out if there are any specific issues with say, the boot sector of the disk, etc.

If your diagnostic tool pulls up a lot of errors, then the drive may simply be FUBAR, so you might have to just chuck it.


Maximizing a window taking a long time on 12.04

On my NVidia Quadro NVS 140M, i experienced the same behavior with the regular proprietary drivers. The problem went away when I upgraded to the "post-release" NVidia driver.


The following is a very specific guide that may or may not apply only to those with the exact hardware and OS requirements. But, since this seemingly simple task turned into a three day visionquest that brought me to the ends of the internet, I thought I would share what I learned.

How to Install Ubuntu 18.04 LTS on a Dell XPS 15 9560 Laptop:

*Disclaimer: My 9560 came with Windows 10 pre-installed, but I opted to erase my disk and just install Ubuntu. So, this guide may not be applicable if you want to dual-boot Linux and Windows.

Shut down or restart your computer and insert the bootable media disk/usb drive containing the  ISO file of Ubuntu.
Press F2 to enter the BIOS menu.
Disable Secure Boot and Fast Boot. There's no explicit option labeled "disable fastboot", but if you click fast boot you should see three options: "Minimal", "Thorough", and "Auto". Choose "Thorough".
Under "SATA Operation" make sure "AHCI" is checked and not "RAID".
Under "Boot Sequence" and "Boot List Option" make sure your "UEFI" is enabled instead of "Legacy" Also make your bootable device first in the order. It will probably have a name like "UEFI: Generic Flash Disk". This step proabably isn't necessary, but I'm including it because it's how my BIOS was configured.
Once you've saved all of your BIOS configuration changes, exit out of it. Your laptop should reboot. When it starts up again. Press f12 to enter the boot loader menu. This might not be necessary, but it's a good idea because you will be able to verify that "secure boot" is indeed turned off and manually select the device you want to boot from, which should be your bootable usb media.
Next, you should see a screen with 3 or four options with "Install Ubuntu" being the first one. Press "e" and you should see a few lines. Replace "quiet splash" to "nomodeset" and press f10 to boot.
You should now be in a temporary Gnome desktop environment with a little icon in the top left called "Install Ubuntu". Press that, and set it up how you normally would.
This next step was a little finicky, but you will able to retry it as many times as you need until you get it right. You will need to enter the GRUB menu. Reboot your computer, and when you see the Dell Logo press . You might have to hold for a bit, but if you hold it for too long it will just take you to your login screen which will promptly freeze when you try to log in. After you press  you should see a purple background. Press "e" and this will take you into the GRUB menu. Go down to the line that starts with "linux", and add "nouveau.modeset=0" at the end of the line. Your linux will now boot. There is one caveat however. Unless you go into the GRUB menu and add "Nouveau.modeset=0" to the same line each time, your system will freeze when you try to login. To get around this pain in the ass, Here is a simple edit you can make in the terminal. Follow these steps, and you should only have to make that GRUB edit once.


You have way too many kernels and headers installed. I'd recommend removing all, but the most recent. There are several ways to do it, I like this one:

dpkg -l linux-* | awk '/^ii/{ print $2}' | grep -v -e `uname -r | cut -f1,2 -d"-"` | grep -e [0-9] | grep -E "(image|headers|modules)" | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge

...explained here

Other then that, I see nothing obviously wrong. What you have on the desktop should add up to the home partition, and not /.


Ownership of .Xauthority transferred to root

Almost certainly not, no. You either started an X session as root (not sure how you managed that) or simply used touch or otherwise wrote .Xauthority with sudo. For more details, you'd have to explain what you were actually doing.

Next time, don't reinstall anything, just delete the ~/.Xauthority file, it will be recreated automatically next time you log in:

sudo rm ~/.Xauthority

Then log in normally.


Why do my cifs mounted drives become inaccessable after a few hours?

I believe this problem has something to do with this bug:
https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/foundations-bugs/2011-May/000610.html

My solution for the time being is to use /bin/ls instead of ls when I'm looking through my directories so that ls doesn't hang.

Also, if I sudo umount hungshare and sudo mount hungshare that fixes the problem for another 10 hours.


Issue with first time login/getting to boot menu

Seems like this may be an issue with grub after the installation of a new OS. I'd try booting from a live USB and install boot-repair, select the simple recommended settings, and see if things work out. More info here https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


How to make one program use a specific network card?

Some programs let you specify what IP address they bind to. Unfortunately, Transmission is not one of them.

If you don't mind using Deluge (another bit torrent client), you could install it. Then open it, Open the Edit menu, click Preferences, then click Network in the sidebar. In the interface field, put the IP address that usb0 has.  (You can find this out by runnning ifconfig usb0 in a terminal).


Theoretical question: removing the wrong entry with efibootmgr?

You could get them back, but only if you know the correct path to the boot loaders. Also, you might not be able to easily recover some types of boot entries, such as those for PXE-booting or booting legacy OSes, since efibootmgr doesn't give you a way to create such entries.

To add an entry with efibootmgr, you use a command something like this:

efibootmgr -c -d /dev/sdb -p 2 -l \\EFI\\newloader\\loadername.efi -L NewLoader

The options shown here are:

-c -- Creates a new entry.
-d /dev/sdb -- The entry refers to a file on /dev/sdb. (/dev/sda is the default.)
-p 2 -- The file is on partition 2. (1 is the default.)
-l \\EFI\\newloader\\loadername.efi -- This is the path to the loader file on the ESP (not in Linux). Note the doubled-up backslashes (\\) as path separators. Alternatively, you can use single backslashes if the entire path is enclosed in quotes. Some new versions of efibootmgr can use Unix-style forward slashes instead, but I'm not sure offhand whether these new versions are included in any Ubuntu version.
-L NewLoader -- This is the name of the loader, as displayed in your firmware's boot manager menu.

You can get the last two items from the efibootmgr -v output. The first two items are encoded as device paths and long GUIDs, so it's easier to figure them out by locating your ESP based on its current mount entry in /etc/fstab or by searching for FAT partitions with parted or blkid.


Ubuntu will not boot. Only getting extremely fast scrolling text

Problem was fixed with this script: http://iam.tj/prototype/enhancements/Windows-acpi_osi.html

#!/bin/sh
VERSION="$(sudo strings /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/DSDT | grep -i 'windows ' | sort | tail -1)"
echo 'Linux kernel command-line options required: acpi_osi=! "acpi_osi='$VERSION'"'
read -p "Do you want to add this setting (y/n) ? " answer
if [ x$answer != xY -a x$answer != xy ]; then
  exit 1
fi
echo "Existing Command Line: ` sed -n '/.*linux[[:space:]].*root=\(.*\)/{s//BOOT_IMAGE=\1/ p;q;}' /boot/grub/grub.cfg `"
if grep -m 1 'acpi_osi=Windows' -q /etc/default/grub; then
  echo "There is already an entry; please remove it from /etc/default/grub and redo 'sudo update-grub' then re-run this script"
  exit 2
fi
sudo sed -i "s/^\(GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=.*\)\"$/\1 acpi_osi=! \\\\\"acpi_osi=$VERSION\\\\\"\"/" /etc/default/grub
echo "Modified Command Line: ` sed -n '/.*linux[[:space:]].*root=\(.*\)/{s//BOOT_IMAGE=\1/ p;q;}' /boot/grub/grub.cfg `"
sudo update-grub

I don't understand exactly what it did, but it worked.


How can I improve battery life on my laptop?

Battery life in Linux sometimes tends to be shorter due to drivers not being able to automatically going into a sort of Power Saving mode.

Although the following suggestions won't change lots if your graphics card is on maximum power consumption permanently, I've found they've helped increase my battery life quite a bit:

Install CPUFreq

sudo apt-get install indicator-cpufreq

  You will then be able to click on the icon to the right of the keyboard icon in this screenshot below (indicator bar):

And this should open up a menu like below:

The lower your processor speeds the less power it will consume, so either go with Powersave or put it on the minimum, this reduces battery power consumption especially well if you have a multi-core CPU.

Install TLP if you're running Ubuntu 13.04:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tlp tlp-rdw smartmontools ethtool

For how to configure TLP in detail check the answers to this question on power-saving in 13.04 they explain more than enough for your needs I'd expect.

Install Jupiter if you're running 11.10, 12.04 or 12.10

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/jupiter
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jupiter

This applet can be opened using the lightning bolt in the indicator bar:

Or alternatively if it doesn't start up automatically you can turn launch it by typing jupiter into a terminal window (opened using Ctrl+Alt+T). Once you click on the lightning bolt you'll have the following menu open up where you'll be able to choose your power-consumption setting:

Additionally in the devices tab you can disable wifi and bluetooth if you don't need them and would rather have more battery-life.

Install powertop: sudo apt-get install powertop

You run the app by typing in sudo powertop in the terminal and you use the arrow keys to go the far right column entitled Tunables, you should see something like this:

Using the arrow keys select each of the "Bad" settings and set them to "Good" by pressing enter, this should ensure your computer is using your battery in an optimal way.

Set Jupiter and CPUFreq on startup

Normally Jupiter and CPUFreq should start up automatically next time you reboot but if they don't all you have to do is go into start-up applications and type in the following:

For jupiter

For CPUFreq

Obviously you can change the names and comments of the start-up programs to whatever you want as long as the command stays the same.

So in short to answer your question:

If it is your GPU which is draining your battery, then you have to wait on nVidia. However if any other component is also draining power the steps I've highlighted above will help you solve any problems and increase your battery life.

NB. Some information taken from the following sources:

Luis Alvarado's answer
Qasim's answer here

Many thanks to both of them.


The default Document Viewer application (evince) in Ubuntu has true full screen mode. ✅
( View -> Presentation )
Document Viewer also has a highlight tool. ✅

In Ubuntu 16.04 and later, the icon for adding an annotation or highlighting looks like a spiral bound notepad. Clicking this icon reveals two other icons in the toolbar below it, one of which is the highlighting icon. The highlighting icon looks like a piece of paper with three black blocks on it, marked by a yellow diagonal arrow in the below screenshot.

Click on the spot in the document window you would like to add the highlight to, and drag the mouse to highlight it.

Select the File -> Save a Copy button to save the highlighting.
Changing text and background colors is not supported in Document Viewer except for View -> Inverted Colors.


This worked for me:

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.10-1_all.deb
sudo gdebi mysql-apt-config_0.8.10-1_all.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mysql-server

The 2nd command will ask for input:

After picking 5.7 choose "apply"

$ mysql --version
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.8-rc, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

Don' forget to run mysql_upgrade after installation to upgrade system tables and restart server, following MySQL Upgrading guide.

$ mysql_upgrade

or

$ sudo mysql_upgrade -u root -p

And restart mysql

sudo service mysql restart


Dash doesn't recognize that application is installed

This isn't an issue with the Dash.  Rather, it's a known issue with Geary 0.2.1.


Primary Display Configuration during boot/login

The file ~/.config/monitors.xml lists monitor configurations.
My file had an incorrect configuration and the following content solved my problem:
<monitors version="2">
  <configuration>
    <logicalmonitor>
      <x>0</x>
      <y>0</y>
      <scale>1</scale>
      <primary>yes</primary>
      <monitor>
        <monitorspec>
          <connector>DP-0</connector>
          <vendor>GSM</vendor>
          <product>LG ULTRAWIDE</product>
          <serial>0x0003b343</serial>
        </monitorspec>
        <mode>
          <width>2560</width>
          <height>1080</height>
          <rate>144.00051879882812</rate>
        </mode>
      </monitor>
    </logicalmonitor>
    <disabled>
      <monitorspec>
        <connector>HDMI-1</connector>
        <vendor>SAM</vendor>
        <product>SAMSUNG</product>
        <serial>0x01000e00</serial>
      </monitorspec>
    </disabled>
  </configuration>
</monitors>

Note: Ports changed as I was experimenting with connectors.


dpkg is not appropriate in your case, prefer the dpkg-query command instead.
With the dpkg-query you can select the type of fields you want (and optionally the separator):

$ dpkg-query -W -f='${binary:Package}\t${Version}\t${Architecture}\t${binary:Summary}\n' grep
grep    2.16-1  amd64   GNU grep, egrep and fgrep

See the dpkg-query man page for more options (especially the -f --showformat option)

For reference:

   -W, --show [package-name-pattern...]
          Just like the --list option this will list all packages matching
          the  given  pattern.  However the output can be customized using
          the --showformat option.  The default output  format  gives  one
          line  per  matching package, each line having the name (extended
          with the architecture qualifier for  Multi-Arch  same  packages)
          and installed version of the package, separated by a tab.

   -f, --showformat=format
          This  option  is used to specify the format of the output --show
          will produce. The format is a string that  will  be  output  for
          each package listed.

          In the format string, “\” introduces escapes:

              \n  newline
              \r  carriage return
              \t  tab

          “\” before any other character suppresses any special meaning of
          the following character, which is useful for “\” and “$”.

          Package information can be included by inserting variable refer‐
          ences  to  package  fields  using the syntax “${field[;width]}”.
          Fields are printed right-aligned unless the width is negative in
          which case left alignment will be used. The following fields are
          recognized but they are not necessarily available in the  status
          file  (only internal fields or fields stored in the binary pack‐
          age end up in it):

              Architecture
              Bugs
              Conffiles (internal)
              Config-Version (internal)
              Conflicts
              Breaks
              Depends
              Description
              Enhances
              Essential
              Filename (internal, front-end related)
              Homepage
              Installed-Size
              MD5sum (internal, front-end related)
              MSDOS-Filename (internal, front-end related)
              Maintainer
              Origin
              Package
              Pre-Depends
              Priority
              Provides
              Recommends
              Replaces
              Revision (obsolete)
              Section
              Size (internal, front-end related)
              Source
              Status (internal)
              Suggests
              Tag (usually not in .deb but in repository Packages files)
              Triggers-Awaited (internal)
              Triggers-Pending (internal)
              Version

          The following are virtual fields, generated by  dpkg-query  from
          values from other fields (note that these do not use valid names
          for fields in control files):

              binary:Package
              binary:Summary
              db:Status-Abbrev
              source:Package
              source:Version

          The default format string is  “${binary:Package}\t${Version}\n”.
          Actually,  all  other fields found in the status file (i.e. user
          defined fields) can be requested, too. They will be printed  as-
          is,  though,  no  conversion nor error checking is done on them.
          binary:Package is a special field that will  print  the  package
          name  with an architecture qualifier (like "libc6:amd64") if the
          package has a Multi-Arch field with a value of same, and as such
          its  name could be ambiguous.


what are glib dependencies ( libs required to install glib)

The dependencies are explained in the glib manual.


TLP 1.3.1 issue in Thinkpad T490 with Ubuntu 18.04

The source of the problem was a kernel version that no longer supports natacpi. Starting with kernel 4.17 tpacpi-bat gets superseded by a new, native kernel API called natacpi (contained in the ubiquitious kernel module thinkpad_acpi). I updated to kernel 5.3 using sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-18.04, and it works now:
Output from sudo tlp-stat -b:
screenshot


Windows Installation on linux pc from .iso?

I don't know whether Windows 8 improved over the year (or decades in Windows terms of the smallest time step to introduce basic improvement), but in Windows 7 a reliable way is to

create recovery disk of Windows with Windows[^1]
make a full dd image of the HDD(s)[^2], e.g. from an Ubuntu live (this allows you to do 1. in VirtualBox on Ubuntu later)
Repartition as you want with gparted in the live system (change the partition table to GPT if you have time and copy back the partition from the dd image) (you might need to boot into windows to run the filesystem check tool because ntfs-3g can't fix some issues and gparted will refuse to resize)
Install Ubuntu on the HDD. If Windows has been on a separate EFI partition and the order of partitions and labels didn't change, Windows should be recognized when running update-grub (which is invoked automatically during the installation process) and you should be able to boot windows. Otherwise you might need to repair Windows with the recovery disk, overwrite grub and then from a live system reinstall grub in a chroot (all these steps have the effect to force Windows EFI setup to move to a separate EFI system partition).

[^1]:
On some setups (of some manufacturers) some magic seems to be added and before you figure this out in an unfree system it's easier to go that way

[^2]:
In one of my cases an ASUS came with no separate EFI service paritition and in order to create on for you proper Ubuntu setup I'd have to figure out how to extract the EFI files from the OS partition


In the LibreOffice menu-bar click on Tools and the choose Options. In the options-window you can see the default path to the templates-directory.
If you click the Edit-button you can add a path off your choice and set it as the default if you want.

For installation of LO 5.2.2.2 please refer to the installation guide at https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/Documentation/Install/Linux


Why is the boot device my ssd when I installed Ubuntu to my USB?

The reason is that the bootloader is in the SSD.

The option to select drive (at the bottom of the 'Something else' partitioning window of the Ubuntu installer) works only in BIOS mode. In UEFI mode you must unplug, disconnect or disable the internal drive in order to write the bootloader (the EFI system partition) into the USB drive.

It is always a good idea to unplug, disconnect or disable the internal drive before you install Ubuntu into an external drive. This way you can be sure that the bootloader will be written where you want it, in the external drive.

The following link may help you make things work the way you want,

How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator)


XSane Image scanner cannot find Epson WF-4630

network scanning needs a little configuring for epson.

First be sure that net is uncommented in /etc/sane.d/dll.config
Second /etc/sane.d/dll.d/iscan should read epkowa
Third add net xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx to /etc/sane.d/epkowa.conf. replace the x's with the IP address of your scanner.

I'm not sure if this applies to all systems, but in my case the printer needs to be awake before you can scan. iscan will not wake a sleeping printer.


Shell script to move all images excluding ones with size in name using find?

You can use find's -not or ! expressions:

   -not expr
          Same as ! expr, but not POSIX compliant.

   ! expr True  if  expr  is false.  This character will also usually need
          protection from interpretation by the shell.

So, to move foobar.jpg but not the other two, you could use:

find . -mindepth 3 -type f -regex '.*.jpg\|.*.jpeg\|.*png\|.*gif' \
       -not -regex '.*[0-9]+x[0-9]+.*' -exec mv {} . \;

You can also make it match only 2-5 digits on either side with

find . -mindepth 3  -type f -regextype posix-egrep \
       -regex '.*.jpg|.*.jpeg|.*png|.*gif' -not -regex '.*[^0-9][0-9]{2,5}x[0-9]{2,5}.*'


stuck in partitioning loop installing 12.04 server

Selecting a partition with mount point / as ext4 and swap if necessary will be enough. I think you should not create /boot partition.


It's in there:

$ apt-cache policy skype
skype:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 4.2.0.11-0ubuntu0.12.04.2
  Version table:
     4.2.0.11-0ubuntu0.12.04.2 0
        500 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ trusty/partner amd64 Packages

Looking at your post, it looks like you've copied in some curly-quotes. These aren't interpreted by Bash in the same way so they're probably not working as intended. I'd use this instead:

echo "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/canonical_partner.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install skype


How to output the currently playing file to a text file in Rhythmbox?

I coded a small Java app which covers my needs (it uses the rhythmbox-client --print-playing command and writes the output to ~/.rbplay. The command is called and the output written every 3 seconds. The following code is available under CC-0.

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

import javax.swing.*;

public class RBPlay
{

private JFrame frame;
private JLabel lblNewLabel;
private static RBPlay instance;

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, InvocationTargetException
{
    EventQueue.invokeAndWait(new Runnable()
    {
        public void run()
        {
            try
            {
                instance = new RBPlay();
                instance.frame.setVisible(true);
            }
            catch(Exception e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    });

    File f = new File(System.getProperty("user.home"), ".rbplay");
    f.createNewFile();
    while(true)
    {
        Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("rhythmbox-client --print-playing");
        p.waitFor();
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
        String line;
        while((line = br.readLine()) != null)
        {
            System.out.println(line);
            FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(f);
            fw.write(line);
            fw.close();
            instance.lblNewLabel.setText(line);
        }
        Thread.sleep(3000);
    }
}

public RBPlay()
{
    initialize();
}

private void initialize()
{
    frame = new JFrame();
    frame.setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());

    JLabel lblCurrentSong = new JLabel("Current song : ");
    frame.getContentPane().add(lblCurrentSong, BorderLayout.WEST);

    lblNewLabel = new JLabel("New label");
    frame.getContentPane().add(lblNewLabel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

    JLabel lblCloseThisWindow = new JLabel("Close this window to stop RBPlay");
    frame.getContentPane().add(lblCloseThisWindow, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    frame.pack();
}

}

Note : this code is not optimized at all. It's just a quick thing I wrote, but hey, it works!


You're behind a Carrier-Grade NAT. ISPs do this to scale their services and avoid IP address exhaustion.

This makes it impossible(?) to host services on your end.


How do I sort account names alphabetically in Thunderbird?

Yes. There is a way to do this using the config editor.

The source for this solution is a post by user billko at http://forums.mozillazine.org/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=1463325 however users of current Thunderbird version may get confused with the steps provided in that post (as I was) hence this Q&A. This will also be useful for Ubuntu+Thunderbird users who look for solution here.

Open Thunderbird Mail
Go to Edit > Preferences > Advanced
Click on 'Config Editor' button
Agree to the warning
In the search box type account
In the list of options displayed, look for the email addresses and identify the accountn vis-a-vis the servern vis-a-vis the mailbox, where n is a serial number in the order in which the account was created (see image below)
Now edit value against the preference-name mail.accountmanager.accounts to reflect the sort order you want
eg. in my case, I modified the original order account1,account2,account3 to account3,account1,account2
Now also edit the value against the preference-name mail.accountmanager.defaultaccount to the first account in the sorted list as above
eg. in my case, I set it to account3

Image: Thunderbird config editor - account sorting


How do I restore missing Launcher and Panel in Unity?

Finally, I solved this problem, though I'm not sure which one below solved the problem, since I tried both steps successively.

Try 1:

Ctrl+Alt+F1

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
export DISPLAY=:0
ccsm

Try 2:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz
unity --reset-icons &disown

To get back to the login screen

service lightdm restart


How do I set the login manager to enable `change languages` at login?

Did you install the language packs from Language support ?
Update
I seem to have mixed the keyboard layout with the language support!
There is a solution provided in a bug report:
Comment #16:

There is now an optional language selector in the GTK greeter for
desktops that require it. To enable it set show-language-selector=true
in /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf. Fixed in 0.9.8.

Solution
Execute this command:

gksu gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf

Find the line:
#show-language-selector=false

Change it to:
show-language-selector=true

Save and exit. Logout / Login or reboot the machine to apply the effect.


Asus netbook: Should CPUID Speed limit should be enabled

Leave it disabled. Unless you really want to try and improve your battery life by minutes. (In my experience, throttling the CPU only gains me 30 minutes, tops. And that's assuming I'm not doing much with it anyway)


Plank Dock to use image instead of color?

According to the developers of Plank, this is currently (November 2015) not possible.

Source: https://answers.launchpad.net/plank/+question/253191


DNS Routing Fails for VPN Connections on Ubuntu 16.04 Out-of-the-Box

Set your DNS servers in /etc/resolv.conf  then try this in the terminal as root:

chattr +i /etc/resolv.conf

then reboot


Maybe the problem is in Intel Graphic Card, I have the same problem with compiz but after
installing the Intel Graphics Drivers, the problem gone.
Try to install it :
1. Type in Terminal(Ctrl+Alt+T) (without quotes)
"wget --no-check-certificate https://download.01.org/gfx/RPM-GPG-KEY-ilg -O - | \sudo apt-key add -"

2. Go to this link and download drivers

https://01.org/linuxgraphics/downloads/2013/intel-linux-graphics-installer

The problem has gone for me, just typed in terminal:

sudo apt-get autoremove

I hope this will help you!


You'll have to install X11 (the Linux GUI for Ubuntu) on your server.  The Ubuntu server does not include installing GUI by default.

You can do this with:

$ sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop

Now you can run the graphical tools by looking in with ssh's -X argument.

 $ ssh -X yourserver.com

After logging in you can type in the graphic version of the application you wish to run.


Will removing pybootchartgui remove bootchart on 15.04?

Let's do the experiment!

sudo apt-get remove --dry-run pybootchartgui

will tell you would happen, but makes no change to your system.

However, using logic: Did your system have "some problems" before you installed pybootchartgui?


How to generate or print missed sequences?


If I backup my Ubuntu (unity) using Deja, can I restore it when I use a fresh install of UbuntuGNOME?

Yes, Deja Dup uses Duplicity as its backend.

It's desktop agnostic; duplicity doesn't care what desktop you use.


Can't copy from vim to clipboard inside tmux

Try set clipboard=unnamedplus, it may help you in the Linux environment.


Windows boot entry in grub is empty, selecting it return me back to grub menu

What happens if you mount all your hard drives and run sudo update-grub?

As your paste2.org file http://paste2.org/AXVH8wM8 tells:

  update-grub
  Generating grub configuration file ...
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-47-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-45-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-45-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-43-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-43-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-38-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-38-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-36-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-36-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-34-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-34-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-31-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-31-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-24-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-24-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-22-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-22-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic
  Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-85-generic
  Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-85-generic
  Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/sda1@/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
  Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
  NTFS signature is missing.
  Failed to mount '/dev/sda6': Invalid argument
  The device '/dev/sda6' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS.
  Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a
  partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around?
  mount /dev/sda6 : Error code 12
  mount -r /dev/sda6 /mnt/boot-sav/sda6
  NTFS signature is missing.
  Failed to mount '/dev/sda6': Invalid argument
  The device '/dev/sda6' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS.
  Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a
  partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around?
  mount -r /dev/sda6 : Error code 12
  Unhide GRUB boot menu in sda2/boot/grub/grub.cfg
  Boot successfully repaired.
  You can now reboot your computer.

It seems that there is something wrong with your Windows mountpoint.
You could try to remove the BIOS Boot partition on sda6 and repair Windows with its built in tools. Then, using a live DVD, you could repair your Grub again.


Is my netbook powerful enough to run Ubuntu 14.04?

Well, Ubuntu 14.04 is quite more resource intensive than many previous releases. I think with your specs, you are pushing the envelope when it comes to speed. I've used an Acer Aspire One (with the N455 Atom) the only problems I had were incompatibilities with with the Intel GMA. Ubuntu also runs a lot better with a minimum of 2GB of RAM. Also, even though your processor is 64-bit, you might wanna try 32-bit Ubuntu: that would be a less resource intensive option.

To get drivers for you intel GMA graphics, find your download here: https://01.org/linuxgraphics/downloads


I advise you to consider Lubuntu and Xubuntu.


How would I change the date format in Empathy?

The version that's in Maverick is 2.32.1 and this doesn't yet have a localised datetime, but according to this mailing list thread it looks like it will base the timedate in future on the system's locale:

http://www.mail-archive.com/telepathy@lists.freedesktop.org/msg04306.html

There is also the complexity that the datetime in 2.32 should be translatable, but it doesn't appear in any of the po files so it's not really translatable at the moment.

Looks like we have to wait for empathy to clean up it's datetime bugs first, please report or add to the existing bugs mentioned in the mailing list link above. You could technically recompile empathy, but that's something for an advanced user.


Shell script to read files and replace lines

You could try sed.  E.G:

sed -i 's/\(.*money:.*\)/money: 1000/g' somefile.yml


Try editing /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf instead.  It should be installed along with the isc-dhcp-server package, and the dhcp3-server package which depends on it.

$ dpkg -S dhcpd.conf
isc-dhcp-server: /usr/share/doc/isc-dhcp-server/examples/dhcpd.conf
isc-dhcp-server: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
isc-dhcp-server: /usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.conf.5.gz


[Wallch]

Edit > Preferences > General:

☑ Hide app when 'start' is pressed
☑ Unity ProgressBar


deluge autoadd plugin isn't working for me

There is currently no WebUI preferences page for that plugin. There is a list of Deluge Plugins with details of which have a WebUI preferences page.

It is on the todo list but in the meantime you can use a Thinclient setup to enable and modify the plugin from GTK UI.


/extractor/backoff_sampler.cc:24:18: error: ‘round’ was not declared in this scope

I recommend that your delete the program folder and install a new one from the archive. Your stopped at 79% of the installation and have the error "extractor.dir / backoff_sampler", to get around it you need to re-create (your start from the end) the 'cdec' folder in a new unzipped program. (i used Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS on hdd).
# apt install cmake git build-essential libboost-dev libboost-regex-dev libboost-filesystem-dev libboost-serialization-dev libboost-program-options-dev libboost-test-dev libboost-thread-dev libeigen3-dev libbz2-dev liblzma-dev flex libgtest-dev

# git clone https://github.com/redpony/cdec.git

# cd cdec

# apt update

# apt install golang-github-cenkalti-backoff-dev

# cmake .

# make -j4

# reboot

# cd cdec

# cmake .

# make -j4


Skype is already running in the background. That's why whatever you do you can't start it. You must kill it (sadly, not literally):

pkill skype

Then try to run skype again, if still fails do the following:

pkill skype
rm -r ~/.Skype

Then try to start skype again. The above command should have cleared any weirdness skype has.

If things comes to worse, then lets purge it:

sudo apt-get autoremove --purge skype
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo add-apt-repository "http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu partner"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install skype


Unable to delete custom colors under Appearance/Background

The right answer is actually the same given to the question I want to delete colors added in Terminal, where it is suggested to install the configuration editor dconf-tools,
then execute dconf-editor, expand the tree org/gtk/settings/color-chooser/ and delete the values of the custom-colors key.


Where are Screenlets configuration files?

The configuration for individual screenlets is stored in ~/.config/screenlets/ per the XDG Base Directory Specification. The actual screenlets are (non-compliantly) stored in ~/screenlets/.

Refer to the official FAQ for more details.


12.04 boots to command line after running Ubuntu Tweek Janitor

*sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop, xorg, and build-essential (I get a message that nothing installed as the most current version is already installed)

for this try to add the --reinstall option:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop xorg build-essential

For the error:

  Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permissioin denied)

you can simply remove the lock like:

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock

(if you are not running any other program that install or updates the system)


kernel panic not syncing vfs unable to mount root fs on unknown block oo swapper not tainted

You are missing the initramfs for that kernel. Choose another kernel from the grub menu, or run update-initramfs -u -k version to generate the initrd for version then update-grub.

Boot to a LiveCD, select Try Ubuntu and then open a a terminal. Run the following:

sudo fdisk -l

This will show us what partitions are available. You need to look for your main Ubuntu partition. On most fresh-installed systems this will be sda1 but it really could be anything. Substitude sda1 in the following with whatever you decide is right in the fdisk output.

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
sudo mount --bind /run /mnt/run
sudo chroot /mnt

And now you can run update-initramfs and update-grub with out errors and that should fix everything. Reboot without the CD in and you should land on your Ubuntu desktop.

Additionally, after the chroot:

cp -r /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/pango /usr/lib/

update-initramfs -u -k 2.6.38-8-generic #(or your version)
update-grub2

(You can find a list if installed kernels using: dpkg --list | grep linux-image)
And reboot your system


Linux headers update breaking virtualbox folder sharing?

Virtual Box shared folders functionality depends on guest additions kernel modules. A kernel update should automatically reload all modules using dkms (which should be installed by default).

Unfortunately this does not always work as expected. Then we have to reinstall the guest additions:

How do I install Guest Additions in a VirtualBox VM?

Guest additions will then be available after a reboot of the guest.

If this fails it is worth to try again as sometimes the installation does not work as expected (without errors or warnings).

It may also worth to try to remove the guest additions before we install them again using the uninstall script (replace x.x.xxx with your version of Virtual Box):

cd /opt/<VirtualBoxAddtions-x.x.xx>/
sudo ./uninstall.sh


Cant start browser - Beaker, Falkon, Colibri

The error you get says:

cannot parse /etc/fstab: expected between 3 and 6 fields, found 7

The 6 fields that the error mentions are described in the 7th line of your /etc/fstab:
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>

The fields are separated using whitespace and the error means that somewhere you have added additional whitespace, so now the number of fields is 7.
By inspecting your /etc/fstab, we can see that you have added a space right after UUID= at the lines mounting your /home and /media/Disk (lines 23-24).
Just remove the space after UUID= so that the lines become:
# /home was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=824d5fbe-3233-416b-5e23-211458762912 /home           btrfs   defaults,subvol=@home 0       2
UUID=824d5fbe-3233-416b-5e23-211458762912 /media/Disk           btrfs   defaults,subvol=@Disk  umask=0000 0       2

After that reboot your computer.


Problem with installing Ubuntu 12.04.3 (Windows 8.1 UEFI, two disks- SSD and HDD) on Lenovo Y580

It sounds like you're having video problems with GRUB in EFI mode. The simplest solution is likely to be to perform a BIOS/CSM/legacy-mode installation of Linux and then switch the boot mode by installing the EFI-mode boot loader of your choice.

Installing Linux in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode is fairly straightforward: Use the firmware setup utility to enable BIOS/CSM/legacy support (the exact wording and location of the option varies from one EFI to another), boot the installer in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, and install normally. (For simplicity with the next step, do not create a separate /boot partition.) The result will probably be that you'll be able to boot Linux but not Windows; but if you disable BIOS/CSM/legacy support you'll be able to boot Windows but not Linux. A caveat: Some computers have quirky EFIs that can cause additional problems. These are too numerous to enumerate, but they're individually rare, and most are easy to overcome. Thus, if you have problems, post back with details.

If you get to this point, I recommend you prepare a USB flash drive or CD-R with my rEFInd boot manager. (That page has download links for both types of media.) You can then set your firmware to boot in EFI mode and boot from the rEFInd medium. This should enable you to boot either Linux or Windows. If that works, you can then install whatever Linux EFI-mode boot loader (ideally with boot manager features) you like. If rEFInd worked for you, it should be a safe and easy choice: Just ensure that your EFI System Partition (ESP) is mounted at /boot/efi and install the Debian-package version. GRUB 2 or Fedora's patched GRUB Legacy should work with few problems, too, although if my initial diagnosis is correct, there's a chance that GRUB 2 will produce a corrupted display.


Can I mix sources from different ubuntu versions?

12.10 is already beyond end of life.

But to answer your question, in general, unless you have a great deal of experience with apt, it is a bad idea to mix repositories. In your case, the packages in 12.04 are almost certainly going to be older then the packages in 12.10, and so it will do you no good.

In theory you can mix repositories using pinning, see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PinningHowto

However, when pinning one generally installs a few packages.

In your situation, rather then mixing repositories, you would upgrade.

Because 13.04 is also at EOL I suggest a fresh install of 14.04. If you do not format your root partition, your data in /home will be preserved.


How to prevent Ubuntu from making auto-updates?

To hold your installed version, prevent the package manager from automatically updating it in the future running this command in terminal:

echo "<packagename> hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

Change <packagename> with what package you wish (in your case may be vim).


Where to report upstream bugs of kde-l10n-si?

The description of kde-l10n-si says:

$ apt-cache show kde-l10n-si | grep http
Homepage: http://l10n.kde.org/team-infos.php?teamcode=si
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug

And the homepage navigation area links to the HowTo, whose section on bug reports says:

  Translation bugs are in the "component" named "i18n", there is a
  "product" named "general" and there are other "products" for many
  language teams. (Your team can be added too, either as a private email
  address or with a mailing list address. Ask the Sysadmins to get it if
  you want it.) Mostly "component" and "product" are written together
  e.g. i18n/general .

And the description for the i18n/general product is:

  all bugs not for other components

So, presuming the Sinhala team haven't had the sysadmins create a product for them, file your bug in i18n/general.


Light Video Player to download subtitles automatically

If light on resources is your top priority, you can run your videos in a terminal with mplayer, no GUI == less resources

mplayer /path/to/my/video

Note: You don't have to type the videos name every time, just type mplayer and drag the videos icon on to the terminal.

To choose a custom resolution, swap the -x and -y values for your resolution. -fs starts the video in fullscreen.

mplayer /path/to/my/video -fs -x 1280 -y 720

Some other use full perimeters include -nosound to run muted and sub /location for loading sub titles.

mplayer /path/to/my/video -nosound sub /location/of/sub/titles

To get a list of peramiters type mplayer in a terminal or go this page for a full manual.

I highly recommend a frontend to set up your video options, even if you don't want to use it for playback, I like smplayer

sudo apt-get install smplayer

Heres a quick explination of auto subs, but it must be set up in smplayer I could not find any shell commands for this

From the menu go to ->  Subtitles -> Find Subtitles on OpenSubtitles.org  A “Find Subtitles” dialog box will appear. In the Options, set the proxy settings if you are using any. From here

It will automatically search for subtitles on OpenSubtitles.org and display a list of available subtitles. Select any one from list and download that.

For codecs, all most users will ever need (and you should already have) is

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras


Where are the missing build files for performing a kernel bisection?

I figured it out. The missing "all" package I still needed was located under the build page for the i386 version.


change the internal HDD to be an external USB HDD

Some older machines cannot boot off a USB device.  If in the BIOS boot order you have a USB choice, then you can boot off USB.  If you don't, then you need to boot some other way, and then run the programs on the USB device.

Assuming you can boot off USB, the USB device will probably be given a different name than the internal hard disk(sda).  If you have ever run update-grub or installed an updated kernel, then any actual devices mentioned in the grub.cfg file will have been converted to a UUID reference, which is device independent -- you should just be able to move the disk anywhere and even if the device name changes, the UUID will not, so it should still boot.

The new machines with Windows 8 preinstalled, have a new boot mechanism, and are called UEFI machines.  The legacy boot mechanism starts with code sitting in the first block of the disk, while the UEFI boot runs bootloaders from a FAT filesystem.  The internal hard disk would have a bootloader order (in case of several bootloaders) to run from the filesystem.  If you move the disk to an external enclosure, then the internal order may not be valid, so the default bootloader for "removable media" would be used (/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi).  That default bootloader may or may not have been set up by your installer, since it typically is not used for an internal disk, but it can be just a copy (renamed to bootx64.efi) of the bootloader typically run.  Anyway, UEFI may not apply here.

It's usually pretty easy to just move an internal disk to an external enclosure.


First check the md5sum of the file:

md5sum lynx2.8.8rel.2.tar.bz2
b231c2aa34dfe7ca25681ef4e55ee7e8  lynx2.8.8rel.2.tar.bz2

And if this is correct any of the following commands should work without fail on a default installation of Ubuntu:

tar xvf lynx2.8.8rel.2.tar.bz2
bzcat -dk lynx2.8.8rel.2.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
bzip2 -dck lynx2.8.8rel.2.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -

(The j option to call bzip2, which you have used in your own commandline, is not normally required by tar in modern versions.)

If the md5sum is different from the one I have given above this will indicate that there is something amiss with the download process and the archive itself rather than a problem with either the tar or bzip2 applications...

Note:

If using lynx to download this particular file (which I believe you have been attempting): on my system, using Lynx Version 2.8.8rel.2 the following produced a good download when tested with md5sum:

lynx -source \
'http://invisible-mirror.net/archives/lynx/tarballs/lynx2.8.8rel.2.tar.bz2' \
> lynx2.8.8rel.2.tar.bz2

References:

With Lynx, how do I download a page, image, or program from the web to my account from the Unix command line prompt?
How to decompress a .bz2 file


I have the same error when I execute the program w/o terminal.
However, when you run the command discord in terminal (or simply use the online version), it works fine. There may be a few errors with the mic, but you can fix the settings. Hopefully that helps!


Use chown -R while excluding one or two files

Set bash’s extglob option with

shopt -s extglob

and use it like that to exclude these files:

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data !(file1.php)
sudo chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu !(file2.txt|file3.php)

This works with files and directories equally, but only in the current directory. If you need to exclude files in subdirectories, combine the above with the globstar option (shopt -s globstar):

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data **/!(file1.php)

This matches every file and directory except the ones called file1.php.

Example run

$ touch {1..3}
$ shopt -s extglob
$ echo !(1)
2 3
$ echo !(1|2)
3
$ mkdir a
$ touch a/{1..3}
$ tree
.
├── 1
├── 2
├── 3
└── a
    ├── 1
    ├── 2
    └── 3
$ shopt -s globstar
$ echo **/!(1|2)
3 a a/3

Further reading

man bash/EXPANSION/Pathname Expansion/Pattern Matching
What is the purpose of shopt -s extglob
bash-hackers.org: Extended pattern language


Some application buttons, emojis and fonts are huge on 18.04

Issue might solve itself by updating Linux, if you have installed the updates, then you need to install graphics driver and after that set the resolution and adjust the scale and layout in display settings or graphics card management


Horizontal scrolling in Firefox to Shift+Mouse Scroll (instead of Back/Forward)

Here's how I finally got it work. I put it in very detailed form, so anyone can follow it easily.

1) Open terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)

2) In terminal, run following commands:

sudo apt-get install xautomation
sudo apt-get install xbindkeys

3) Create a new file called .xbindkeysrc.scm to your home directory, by running in terminal

gedit ~/.xbindkeysrc.scm

4) Add the following text to the file, save it, and close the text editor:

; bind shift + vertical scroll to horizontal scroll events
(xbindkey '(shift "b:4") "xte 'mouseclick 6'")
(xbindkey '(shift "b:5") "xte 'mouseclick 7'")

5) In terminal, run command

xbindkeys

6) With Firefox browser, go to address about:config

7) Change following values (double click on value)

mousewheel.with_shift.action  to 0 (from the default 2)
mousewheel.with_shift.action.override_x 1 to 1 (from the default -1)

8) Now Shift+Mouse Scroll should lead to horizontal scrolling on Firefox, instead of the default Back/Forward action.

Extra information:

3) .xbindkeysrc.scm is a hidden file (because it starts with a dot), and that's why you cannot see it with nautilus or other filesystem browser by default. You can hit Ctrl+H to see hidden files.

5) It seems, that you have to run it only once -- not at every time you log on. I also tried removing the xbindkeys and the horizontal scroll worked until next reboot/login.

7) If you set them as 1, -1, you will get "diagonal scroll" when trying to scroll fast. That's why I think it is necessary to use options 0, 1 instead of 1, -1.


Let's see if we can undo the driver installation with it's Uninstall program:

Boot a live system and set up a chroot environment for you local Ubuntu installation (see steps 1–6 of this answer).
Navigate to the directory where you extracted the Huawei modem driver and run the uninstaller:

cd /path/to/huawei/driver
./Uninstall

(optional) If you think your Grub installation or configuration may be broken you can continue with the remaining steps 7–9.
Exit the chroot environment and reboot (as in step 10).


This is happening because you (or GNOME) have disabled icons on the desktop. The fastest way to re-enable them is using GNOME Tweak Tool.
You can install it by running:

  sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

After that, run the tweak tool and, from the "Desktop" tab, turn "Icons on Desktop" ON:


You did not say what you are using for a notification.

[[ -n "$(ifconfig | grep '192.*' )" ]] || echo "down"

Change "192" to the prefix of your network (192.168.x.y is most common).

Change "echo "down"" to your notification.

Run that command from cron with some reasonable interval.

Perhaps something along the lines of

[[ -n "$(ifconfig | grep '192.*' )" ]] || dhclient eth0

run once a minute or so ?


D-Link DWA-131 Adapter Low signal Strength.Same adapter gives full signal strength in Windows

I was able to solve this question by installing another set of drivers and blacklisting the previous adapter driver that i had installed.This was the source of the conflict and now things are fine again.


Is it possbile to update latext version to the latest version in Ubuntu 16.04?

You have to try famous PPA of JonathonF with TeXLive 2018:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/texlive
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade # to get newest dependencies


How do I change Ubuntu to Lubuntu installation?

I would just install the Lubuntu desktop:

sudo apt install lubuntu-desktop

Then log out. On the login-screen where you write your username, there is a little ubuntu symbol in the corner. Klick it and choose a login-option that looks like Lubuntu. Log in with your usual details. Your system should run fine on this and you still have everything that you installed.


Youtube doesn't stream videos when accessed from the Youtube portal

Alternative Way

Open Totem Movie Player and press F9


Could Not Connect: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)

I was trying myself too after posting the question here and I got it working through following the below steps. This work in mycase. You can try it too.

Open Terminal In Ubuntu.
Type mysql -u root -p
ENTER_YOUR_SQL_PASSWORD
Type > grant all privileges on DATABASE_NAME.* to
USERNAME@IPADDRESS identified by 'PASSWORD';
Or
Type > grant all privileges on DATABASE_NAME.* to
USERNAME@localhost identified by 'PASSWORD';
Change USERNAME, IPADDRESS, PASSWORD With Your Data.
Type FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Now Restart SQL Typing sudo service mysql start
Close Terminal.

After this you can connect your database from outside to server too. If you have better contribution then share that also.

Note: Keep in kind that you have to changed bind-address = 127.0.0.1 to # bind-address = 127.0.0.1 to allow connection in /etc/mysql/my.cnf also.


However here is a group with many user,do I need to add ./dev/log in every users home path or do I have some way to work around?

Yes. There is currently no other way around, until other way will be accepted upstream in OpenSSH 7.6 or you will use something else (Fedora, RHEL) that already has this functionality.


How to upgrade Ubuntu release while keeping versions of already installed packages

you would be best downloading the packages and saving them to a USB or CD/DVD Rom for install at a later date.


Why is package 'xul-ext-ubufox' is required to install the Firefox package?

Summary:

If you want to install a package (here firefox) without automatically having to install its recommendations (here xul-ext-ubufox), you must use apt-get's --no-install-recommends parameter:

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends firefox

Detailed explanation:

The package xul-ext-ubufox integrates Firefox better into the Ubuntu OS in several ways. It is a recommended package of firefox, according to the (shortened) output of:

$ apt-cache show firefox
Package: firefox
Priority: optional
Section: web
Installed-Size: 100442
Maintainer: Ubuntu Mozilla Team <ubuntu-mozillateam@lists.ubuntu.com>
Architecture: i386
Version: 40.0+build4-0ubuntu0.15.04.1
Replaces: kubuntu-firefox-installer
Provides: gnome-www-browser, iceweasel, www-browser

Depends: lsb-release, libasound2 (>= 1.0.16), libatk1.0-0 (>= 1.12.4), libc6 (>= 2.17), libcairo2 (>= 1.2.4), libdbus-1-3 (>= 1.0.2), libdbus-glib-1-2 (>= 0.78), libfontconfig1 (>= 2.9.0), libfreetype6 (>= 2.2.1), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 (>= 2.22.0), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.31.8), libgtk2.0-0 (>= 2.24.0), libpango-1.0-0 (>= 1.22.0), libpangocairo-1.0-0 (>= 1.14.0), libstartup-notification0 (>= 0.8), libstdc++6 (>= 4.9), libx11-6, libxcomposite1 (>= 1:0.3-1), libxdamage1 (>= 1:1.1), libxext6, libxfixes3, libxrender1, libxt6

Recommends: xul-ext-ubufox, libcanberra0, libdbusmenu-glib4, libdbusmenu-gtk4

Suggests: fonts-lyx

Filename: pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_40.0+build4-0ubuntu0.15.04.1_i386.deb
Size: 42549576
[...]

I tried to highlight the important lines for you by separating them with blank lines. A package may ask for other packages in 3 ways: It can depend on, recommend or suggest them.

Dependencies are required for a package to run and must be installed anyway. There's no way around this.
Recommendations are packages that should usually also be installed along with the main package, but are not highly required to run. You might omit them if you want, but by default apt-get installs them as if they were true dependencies.
Suggestions are not installed automatically, they just get displayed and you might consider installing them manually yourself if you want.

As xul-ext-ubufox is a recommended package of firefox, apt-get wants to automatically install it when you try to get Firefox. To stop this behaviour, you must use the following command, which disables the automatic installation of recommended packages for this single time:

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends firefox


Consider to backup your data and reinstall Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.

The 18.04 LTS releases contains needed file in libc6-dev package.

The main advantage would LTS status - the distro will be supported until 2023.