Gaomon M106K not detected by Ubuntu 20.04

What worked for me it's the following.

Connect the tablet via usb.
Enter in the wacom configuration (just write tablet in the search engine of ubuntu and open the properties). In my case it says that there isn't a tablet detected.
With this properties menu opened just unplug and plug the tablet ---> Magically the tablet started to work.

Sometimes it stops working, so I have to do the same process.


Can't install Kubuntu in UEFI Windows 8 preinstalled laptop

See the following pages:

My page on EFI-based Linux installations
The Ubuntu community documentation on EFI-based installations

Broadly speaking, my recommendation is to use rEFInd's USB flash drive or CD-R image to boot to Ubuntu, then install the Debian package (from the same page) to get it working permanently. (You may need to mount your ESP to /boot/efi before installing the Debian package.)


What does the parameter `-e` in `sed` commands do?

Using -e you can run multiple sed scripts with one command, like

sed -e /23/d -e s/foo/bar/

(delete any line containing 23 and replace foo with bar)


The problem was one (or combination of):

I had VLC running (idling, it wasn't actually playing anything) in the background. VLC was preventing the screensaver from activating)
I had DPMS timeouts set to zero (check with xset dpms q). I set these to non-zero values: xset dpms 0 0 600 (10 minute timeout)

It all works as expected now.


Happened with me too , you need to copy all the colorschemes in ~/.config/geany/colorschemes and the next step which was not mentioned anywhere is you also need to copy the files in filedefs folder in the zip to corresponding folder in ~/.config/geany/filedefs and then it will start working !!


After upgrade to 12.04, can only access wired and UNSECURED wireless networks

You may try this:

Connect an ethernet cable, install updates, install Additional Drivers, reboot.

Then, open a terminal and type the following commands:

sudo apt-get purge broadcom-sta-common broadcom-sta-source bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer

Restart again, and open up the "Network" program, and click the dropdown to select your network, and type your password.

Unplug the ethernet cable and see if you can now access your wireless network.


E:Error occurred while processing iw (NewVersion2)

It seems like your /var/lib/dpkg/status file is corrupted. So try to replace the current status file with the old one.

sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/status /var/lib/dpkg/status.bak
sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/status-old /var/lib/dpkg/status


Get the key:

$ wget http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian/oracle_vbox.asc

Print the key fingerprint with GPG version 1:

$ gpg --with-fingerprint oracle_vbox.asc
pub  1024D/98AB5139 2010-05-18 Oracle Corporation
                      (VirtualBox archive signing key) <info@virtualbox.org>
      Key fingerprint = 7B0F AB3A 13B9 0743 5925  D9C9 5442 2A4B 98AB 5139
sub  2048g/281DDC4B 2010-05-18
      Key fingerprint = 27B0 97CF 8257 4209 C434  8D42 B674 8A65 281D DC4B

Note that the 2nd fingeprint is just the fingerprint of the sub-key.

Print the fingerprint with GPG version 2:

$ gpg2 -n -q --import --import-options import-show  oracle_vbox.asc
pub   dsa1024 2010-05-18 [SC]
      7B0FAB3A13B907435925D9C954422A4B98AB5139
uid   Oracle Corporation (VirtualBox archive signing key) <info@virtualbox.org>
sub   elg2048 2010-05-18 [E]

Note that -n is an alias for --dry-run, i.e. the key isn't actually imported.

Alternatively, to just display the fingerprints:

$ gpg2 -nq --import --import-options import-show --with-colons oracle_vbox.asc \
     | awk -F: '$1 == "fpr" { print $10 }'
7B0FAB3A13B907435925D9C954422A4B98AB5139
27B097CF82574209C4348D42B6748A65281DDC4B


Cloning an SD card to another in Ubuntu using a single SD card reader

you could use dd and your harddrive.
I will give an example:

For the backup (with your rasbian jessy sd card in the reader, but unmounted):

sudo dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 of=/home/bruni/backup.img

For the restore, after you have unmounted and replaced the sd card with a fresh one:

sudo dd bs=4M if=/home/bruni/backup.img of=/dev/mmcblk0

Of course you will first have to verify that mmcblk0 is your sd card (to do this compare the output of df -h before and after you insert the sd card) and replace bruni with your username.

I use the above for backing up my raspberry pi kodi installation.

PS: Neither copy nor rsync will lead to a bootable sd card, which is what you want.


Message: SDL_GL_LoadLibrary Error: Failed loading libGL.so.1

I found that entering

sudo ln -s /usr/lib32/libGL.so /usr/lib/libGL.so.1

is the solution.


How to enable clean url with Ubuntu 16.04, Drupal 8.1.10 and Apache 2

Use below process to enable clean url with Ubuntu 16.04:

Enable apache mode rewrite -

a2enmod rewrite

put below code into /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf

<Directory /var/www/html>
 Allowoverride All
</Directory>

service apache2 restart

This is working for me...


Add two root users during installation during installation + managing it - Ubuntu server

script for adding 2 user with root privilege:

useradd student
useradd teacher

echo "student ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL" >> /etc/sudoers
echo "teacher ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL" >> /etc/sudoers

but you will need to run this script on each linux vm. :(


Ubuntu 20.04 upgrade HP Envy 5640 scanner stopped working

The problem has been solved by updating to Ubuntu 20.10.  I have no idea what was wrong, or what was changed to fix it.
And now another software update unfixes the problem: the computer can see both the printer and the scanner, but not communicate with them.


restart my app server automatically through upstart script

I have some notes or hints that may help:

respawn stanza without explicitly specifying limits has defaults.

  6.28   respawn

  Further note that if the job does not specify the respawn limit stanza
  as well as the respawn stanza, the job will have the default respawn
  limit applied (see respawn limit).

  6.29   respawn limit

  Respawning is subject to a limit. If the job is respawned more than
  COUNT times in INTERVAL seconds, it will be considered to be having
  deeper problems and will be stopped. Default COUNT is 10. Default
  INTERVAL is 5 seconds.

Use:

respawn
respawn limit unlimited

Check its logs as in how to debug upstart scripts?. You may create your own custom logs to track more specific problems use pre-start, post-start & post-stop scripts and check variables like RESULT and PROCESS, see Upstart: report (email, log) on respawn and failure
start on runlevel [2345]!!! Are you sure the runlevel is the only needed condition to start this service? examples: does that c++ daemon need  filesystem, networking.. See What events are available for Upstart?

Someone used start on stopped rc to avoid looking for each event, source: Start jackd with realtime priority with upstart

References:

Upstart Intro, Cookbook and Best Practises: respawn , respawn limit


12.10 wants to install multiarch :i386-packages

Doing dpkg --remove-architecture i386 seems to have solved my problem. I did not have any i386 packages anyway. For those who do, that solution probably won't cut it.


Intermittent keyboard and mouse failure on boot up

I have exactly the same laptop and searching on the web this is what I found to solve the problem:

1) Run the following command in terminal

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

2) Locate the following section in the file:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" "

Replace it with:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i8042.nomux=1 locale=fr_FR i8042.reset"

3) Save the file and exit nano.

4) Run the following command in terminal:

sudo update-grub

5) Restart your computer.

Now everything should work fine.


the blinking dash is usually your gui loading.
for any operating system windows ubuntu or otherwise you can go to your startup programs menu and limit the ammount of programs that load at startup and that will definitely speed up your startup. the other option is to turn off your gui and rely on the cli as some users do it would boot alot faster as there are no graphics to load


Is it possible to print to a Brother MFC-490CW that is conected to a LAN

I had exactly the same problem brother using the CUPS and LPR drivers and trying to install them through the UBUNTU printer install interface.  I also tried the CUPS webpage trick with no success.  After several days and methods of trying to get it to work, I finally had success using the brother installer package located here:

http://welcome.solutions.brother.com/bsc/public/us/us/en/dlf/dlf/000000/006800/dlf006893.html?reg=us&c=us&lang=en&prod=mfc490cw_all&type2=91&os=128&flang=4&dlid=dlf006893

You have to use some terminal commands when using this method, but there are only about 7 or 8 of them and the instructions right below the installer package download link are pretty clear.  It wasn't as bad as I thought.  Once I saw all of the dependent packages the Brother installer downloaded to support the installation, I realized there was no way I was going to make this work using the typical Youtube simple install methods.

Hope this helps you or someone else who had the same difficulties I did.


How to install pyzmq for iPython Notebook in a Python 3 virtual environment?

The "Python.h" error message indicates that you are missing the python3-devpackage, which you need to build any Python extensions (Python modules written in C), which you can get with:

apt-get install python3-dev

To get up and running from scratch:

apt-get update && apt-get install python3-dev python3-pip build-essential libzmq3-dev
pip3 install virtualenv
virtualenv -p $(which python3) myenv
source myenv/bin/activate
pip install pyzmq
python -c 'import zmq; print(zmq.zmq_version())'
# 4.0.4

The installed packages:

build-essential: compilers and headers for building things on Ubuntu.
python3-dev: headers (Python.h) needed for compiling any Python extensions.
libzmq3-dev: the libzmq library and its headers. This is optional, but recommended. PyZMQ will link against libzmq found on the system if it can, otherwise it will build libzmq itself as a Python extension.
pip, virtualenv: Shouldn't be needed, but used to workaround Ubuntu's bug that breaks python3 -m venv.

I ran the above commands in a base ubuntu:14.04 docker container to verify that they are sufficient to successfully build pyzmq in a virtualenv.


Which partitioning program does Ubuntu use during installation?

The ubuntu installer uses parted - for the most part; The parted program in turn uses fdisk to create and modify partition tables and mkfs to create file systems.

GParted and its equivalents are merely front-ends to the linux partitioning tool kit. The Ubuntu installer is the same. It's a layer on top of parted and it executes it in the background, providing an easy to use abstraction of the plumbing behind it. The installer uses other programs, like resize2fs -to resize file systems - directly as well.


"Network Servers" folder mysteriously appeared on desktop, and cannot re-hide it?

unity tweak tool has this option under system>desktop icons>

sudo apt install unity-tweak-tool


Kubuntu 16.04 > System freeze when connecting from wifi to a wired utp connection

A bios update did the trick. Every runs smooth after that.

Edit:
I installed: XPS_9350_1.4.10.exe. I'm not sure what my previous version was. But it came with the xps 9350 when i got it in november 2015.

Thx for the tips, Elder Geek.


kubuntu 19.10 current way to switch between nvidia (RTX 2060) and intel gpu

If you want to use nvidia drivers and on demand feature, xorg needs some patches that are only available for 18.04 and 19.04 here I tried that feature in ubuntu 19.10 without success. You can read all information here

first you need to remove intel drivers to use software based rendering (modeseting aka llvmpipe renderer). Install latest drivers from this ppa and finally, compile/install patched xorg.

The easiest solution today is upgrade to ubuntu 20.04. I explicitly configure the iGPU and dGPU devices in xorg.conf and get nvidia on-demand working very easily:

$ offload-glx glxinfo | grep "OpenGL renderer"
OpenGL renderer string: GeForce 940M/PCIe/SSE2

$ glxinfo | grep "OpenGL renderer"
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa Intel(R) HD Graphics 5500 (BDW GT2)

offload_glx comes from mate-prime-select and is an alias of:

__NV_PRIME_RENDER_OFFLOAD=1 __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidia glxgears


How to prevent automatic apt-get operations from running for a while?

you could stop automatic updates  from the settings of the update manager.

all you need to do is simply setting it to Never.

There in the Image set Automatically check for updates as Never and there on wards you have to check for updates everytime.


There is a command called smbclient which is a bit like a command line ftp client for the smb/cifs protocol.

To use it, just turn those windows backslashes into forward slashes.

$ smbclient //server/share

It will use your current user as username and it will ask you for your password. You can change the username with the -U option

$ smbclient -U jrwren2 //server/share


How to run cronjob in a time specific time range

This link has some good info. Crontabs support ranges in a very straight forward way.

  14-30 8 * * * /code/to/execute

This will run once a minute from 8:14 to 8:30 inclusive

Check the Man page with man crontab next time it has some very good examples, including this one.

Cron is only used to start programs though, so make sure you don't overlap running instances of your program.


Mirror sites don't just hold one file, but many.  They're a convenience to users, so they can get Ubuntu without delays caused by slow data lines, or delays caused by a mob of users all downloading from the same site at the same time.

The public directory you are pointed in an authorized mirror, such as http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/releases/ may have many different distros for Ubuntu, with multiple release numbers, as well as multiple flavors which use different desktop environments, as well as a distro with none at all, the server distro. Distros almost end in .ISO, because they are an 'image' of an entire DVD or CD in one file. Start by picking the version you want, e.g., http://mirror.it.ubc.ca/ubuntu-releases/16.04.4/ and then you will see multiple files, including ISOs.

That directory also has checksums, text files containing a hexadecimal string (like 0123456789ABCDEF), made by other open source programs. When you run a checksum app and point it at the distro you just downloaded, the checksum app gives you a hexadecimal string you compare with the contents of the checksum for the distro.

If they match, then your ISO file arrived intact; if they don't, you need to redownload the ISO because it was corrupted in transit, and installing from it will just waste your time.


How to shrink the size of an Azure Cloud image from cloud-images.ubuntu.com?

You can't shrink managed disks in Azure directly. However, you can use another VM (or on your computer) to handle the image: download, shrink, upload to your Storage account as Block blob, then create an image.
Using Hyper-V:

Create/use a VM with Linux (preferably with GUI)
Attach the image you will use
Shrink the last partition to lees than the desired size (9 GB for example) (fsck before)
Poweroff the VM and detack the disk
Shrink the disk (either using qemu-img or the Hyper-V disk utility), ensuring,

The resulting image is (much) greater than the end of the last partition)
It is allocated to a megabyte(*)

Attach the disk image again
Boot the VM
Rellocate the backup GPT to the end of the disk (using gdisk or sgdisk)
Run fsck
Poweroff the VM
Detach the disk, then, swap it with the disk image used for handling the new disk
Ensure the disk image boots on Hyper-V
The image is ready to upload to your storage account and to be used to create a managed image
Finally, ensure the image disk boots in Azure

(*)Please notice that, in order to import a managed disk from a Block blob (if you want to handle the image from the local computer, then, uploading to your Storage account), the image should be allocated to MB, and the image must be in VHD fixed. Otherwise, the import will fail. Some tools like qemu-img (and even the Hyper-V disk utility) adds extra padding of 512 bytes to the end of the resulted image.
Another (quick-and-dirty) approach is using Azure:

Create a VM (preferably Ubuntu 18.04)

Attach an empty managed disk of the desired size

Download and the image
Install qemu-utils
Convert the image to RAW

qemu-img convert -f vpc -O raw bionic.vhd bionic.img

Import the downloaded image as loop device

sudo losetup -f bionic.img

Shrink the last partition to 9 GiB using parted (fsck before)
Detach the image to the loop device

sudo losetup -d /dev/loop0

Copy the image to the attached managed disk using dd (quick-and-dirty)

dd if /dev/loop0 of=/dev/sdb bs=4096

Rellocate the backup GPT to the end of the disk (using gdisk or sgdisk)
Grow the last partition to the end of the disk
Run fsck
Stop (dellocate) the VM
Detach the recently filled disk
Swap the boot disk with the recently created one
Start the VM with the recently created disk to ensure it boots
Do anything to prepare the image
If everything goes well, capture the VM into a managed image

Finally, NEVER, ever truncate an image without shinking the last partition first! Otherwise, the image is lost (or at least hard to recovery; is better to start over).


What's the difference between Ubuntu GNOME and Ubuntu Unity with GNOME Shell installed from Ubuntu Software manager?

Ubuntu GNOME comes with a different set of applications from Ubuntu with Unity, although some are the same. So that meas the only difference between installing regular Ubuntu first and then installing Gnome Shell, versus installing Ubuntu Gnome, is that you don't get the same applications. Although if you install the ubuntu-gnome-desktop package (I assume you installed gnome-shell), you will get the applications that come with Ubuntu Gnome.


Ubuntu Server 12.04 start fails after update

I had the same issue when I updated my system. The problem was that it updated the kernel from 3.2.0-48 to 3.5.0-34. I was able to boot using the new kernel by adding rootdelay=90 kernel option, but the system was unstable. So I uninstalled that kernel image and installed the linux-image-generic package, which in Ubuntu 12.04 is 3.2.0-48.

In the grub menu try selecting previous Linux versions if you can, and select the oldest kernel version, which might be 3.2.0-48. If you boot up successfully, open up a terminal and type in sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-image-3.5.0-34-generic this will also update grub.

If the above doesn't work, boot from a live CD or USB and install boot-repair. Once install, run boot-repair and select advanced options. Go over to the GRUB Options tab and check Purge kernels then reinstall last kernel.

If none of those work, then your probably have file system issues, and might need to risk fsck.ext3 -f /dev/(root partition) from a live CD, preferably alternate install.


I am by FAR no expert.  But I've learned that AMD's Catalyst version for Linux is updated towards the end of each month.  The current version for linux is Catalyst 12.3 (March 2012)
Probably the easiest route is search for "AMD Catalyst for Linux" -- you can download from there.  Just don't try to install it over top of gflrx.
Cheers


Ubuntu Server on a 32- bit Non PAE Machine

I have an IBM Thinkpad T42 with the same or very similar Pentium M processor running at 1.7 GHz. This processor is actually capable of PAE, but does not announce it, so you can use fakepae or forcepae and a PAE version of light-weight flavours of Ubuntu will work.

You can add the boot option forcepae with the current 32-bit linux kernels i386, that are used in the Ubuntu family, for example Lubuntu and Ubuntu mini.iso until 18.10 (the newest release, when this is written). Both work in my old Thinkpad and should work in your computer too.

I suggest that you use the Ubuntu mini.iso version 18.04.1 LTS, with long time support for 5 years, in order to install your Ubuntu Server.

The mini.iso is also called Netboot.

The iso file is very small, and it requires a wired network to connect to the internet and the Ubuntu web servers to download and install most of the program packages
The installer is the old style text mode 'Debian' installer
There is a menu, where you can select what to install. You can install anything from

the most basic text mode linux system, to
Ubuntu Server
Kubuntu (too heavy for an old Pentium M processor)
Lubuntu
...
standard Ubuntu (too heavy for an old Pentium M processor)
...
Xubuntu

If you install the most basic text mode linux system, you can install your Ubuntu Server later, when you have logged into the basic text mode linux system, and later on the extra features that you want, but I think the menu in the installer makes things easier.

See also these links and links from them,

Boot options

mini.iso, minimal install, netboot iso

How do I make a bootable Ubuntu USB? - scroll down to 'How to make an Ubuntu Minimal USB using dd'

The new version 14.04 LTS 'Trusty Tahr' needs no fake-PAE. Use forcepae in the standard installers

Sometimes the boot option must be entered twice


How to upgrade a server from 12.04 to 16.04?

General

You can always upgrade from LTS to LTS, in your case that would mean:

upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04 and then
upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04

As far as i know there is no supported upgrade from 12.04 to 16.04 directly.

Following this approach there is no need for your 16.04 medium

As always, consider creating a backup of your critical files before you start.

Limit to LTS

The way to limit upgrades to LTS without a GUI is to change the value of  Prompt in /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades.

Set it to

[DEFAULT] Prompt=lts

The possible values are

never: Never check for a new release.
normal: Check to see if a new release is available. If more than one new release is found, the release upgrader will attempt to upgrade to the release that immediately succeeds the currently-running release.
lts: Check to see if a new LTS release is available. The upgrader will attempt to upgrade to the first LTS release available after the currently-running one. Note that this option should not be used if the currently-running release is not itself an LTS release, since in that case the upgrader won't be able to determine if a newer release is available

How to upgrade

For both upgrade processes you should always update the current system via

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Then start the upgrade via

sudo do-release-upgrade

or - SPECIAL CASE - for development versions (which is valid for upgrades from 14.04 to 16.04 until 16.04.1 was released):

sudo do-release-upgrade -d

If do-release-upgrade command is not found, install it:

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core


Errors with ATFTPD: Unterminated quoted string

First try

sudo apt-get install -f

If that fails, try to remove the package

sudo dpkg --remove --force-all atftpd

If that fails, manually remove

cd /var/lib/dpkg/info
sudo rm -f atftpd.*

Then

sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq atftpd


Check to see if forwarding is disabled:

grep Forwarding /etc/ssh/sshd_config

More info on this page: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SSH/OpenSSH/PortForwarding


Edit vendorsetup.sh in Your device tree according to Your device's config file, the config file could be like "full_2014813.mk".
 so
eg.

add_lunch_combo full_2014813-userdebug


You only need brace expansion for that

$ for n in {1..3} {200..203}; do echo $n; done
1
2
3
200
201
202
203

We can pass a list to for (for i in x y z; do stuff "$i"; done).

So here, braces { } get the shell to expand your sequences into a list. You only need put a space between them, since the shell splits lists of arguments on those.


phpinfo() showing blank page on ubuntu18.04

What I did is something like this:

sudo a2enmod php7.2

If you get an error message showing conflicts, such as in my case I had: mpm_event error, you do this:

sudo a2dismod mpm_event

you'll get messages like "apache2 crashed!" or something. Don't worry. Do the same a2dismod for all errors. Once done, execute:

systemctl restart apache2
sudo a2enmod php7.2
systemctl restart apache2

And that should do the trick! Good luck!


package manager did not install properly

I'd suggest to go to Ubuntu Software Center and ask for a Repair and check the status.


The command sed creates temp files when you run it in with the -i command. That said, they look like this e.g. sedyp5j4K however how you managed to keep the file around after the command ran through is questionable since it is usually removed by itself.

Just remove the file:

find ~/ -name sedFwx18k -delete


Log Into Someone Else's Desktop from CLI

As you might be aware, you can look up via the terminal using

gnome-session-quit

(see How can you log out via the terminal?)

You can perhaps try something like

gnome-session-quit && startx

However, I don't think that the startx command would actually execute here. Obviously you could login from the login screen, but this probably isn't quite what you're looking for.


GNOME 2 does not start in Ubuntu Linux 12.04 after login though installation is complete

In the login screen, click the Ubuntu icon next to your name.

Next, select Gnome 2 as your environment. I do not have Gnome 2, but you should see it on your menu

After that, Click Back, Enter your password, and that should do it.

Hope this helps.


Ubuntu 19.10 stuck at purple screen after login

Thank you for your answers! I did check out the Xorg logs and something was wrong with the display settings or drivers. I tried fixing it but ended up copying my files to an external disk through TTY and doing a fresh Ubuntu 20.04 reinstall. Just don't have the skills to fix it and an Ubuntu reinstall takes very little time anyway. Thanks everyone!


How to close one set of Tab identified in Chromium through Command line

The "tab" is more than just the "physical tab" you see in the window. What you killed was the process driving that "tab" (rendering, resource management, etc), thus "crashing" it, but not actually signalling to chrome to close it. I don't think you can actually close the tab in that manner, unless Chrome supports some kind of external signal for closing tabs (which Chrome would handle itself in a cleaner manner than "killing" the tab).


Is there an Intel Graphics Update Tool for Ubuntu 17.04?

Yes. There is an Intel Graphics Update Tool v2.0.5 that works on Ubuntu 17.04, but it is not included in the distribution. You must download the software from the Intel Technology Center.

There are two packages that you can use depending if you use a 64-bits or 32-bits installation.

amd64.deb
i386.deb


In the case of broken upgrades, booting to a Live CD or USB (doesn't really matter which version of Ubuntu) and using a terminal can sometimes rescue a borked upgrade. I have to underline that you may run into exactly the same issue as before but at this point, there's little to lose.

After booting to your Live-whatever, open a terminal and run

sudo fdisk -l
# work out which disk/partition is your main install and use it
#   instead of sda1 in the following:
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

for i in dev proc sys run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt/$i; done
sudo chroot /mnt

At this point, for all intents and purposes you are root on your old system. Simply ask it to finish whatever package manoeuvres it was doing before it crashed:

dpkg --configure -a

And hopefully when that's finished you should be able to boot to it.


I get the error "cannot change locale" every time on boot

To resolve this warning or install new install with local-gen data localization of default which in this case are precisely en_US.UTF8.

sudo locale-gen en_US.UTF-8

To install / reinstall well as en_US.UTF-8 :

sudo locale-gen en en_US en_US.UTF-8

Then apply the changes with dpkg-reconfigure locales

sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

Then

export LC_ALL="en_US"


ubuntu 18,04 stuck in read only mode and fsck doesn't fix it

Your hard disk may be failing. You may have one of two possible problems with your HDD. Lets try and eliminate the easiest one first.

NCQ errors...

turn on the computer
get to the GRUB menu
assure that the desired boot choice is highlighted
hit the e to enter edit mode
use the arrow keys to find the string "quiet splash"
change that to "quiet splash libata.force=noncq"
hit F10 to continue booting
see if things are improved

Bad blocking the HDD...

Pending

Update #1:

To make the temporary NCQ tweak permanent...

sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub # edit this file

Find "quiet splash"

Change it to "quiet splash libata.force=noncq"

Save the file.

sudo update-grub # update GRUB

reboot # reboot the computer

In the SMART Data, keep an eye on "Current Pending Sector Count" and assure that it doesn't increase. If it does, then we WILL have to bad block the HDD.


Easiest way (not the only way) is to create an alias in your bash profile.
~/.profile. Just add this and fill in your specific info
alias log=/path/to/log


Which JRE should I install for macros in Libre Office for Xenial

If the only reason you want a JRE is for LibreOffice, just install openjdk-9-jre.

The other 'main' JRE is Oracle's JRE, which contains proprietary code and is not in the repos. You'd need to manually download and install it. It's probably easier to not bother with it.


how to write into cronjob from a shell script

I assume you only want to be added to crontab ONCE. Therefore one must remove the script from the crontab first:

#!/bin/ksh
myname="$0"

(crontab -l | grep -E -v "$myname";echo " 0 23 \* \* \* $myname") |\
    crontab -


Mouse clicks automatically / Raton hace clicks automaticos

Aunque esto no resolvera tu problema del click automatico, la verdad es que el link al que apuntas es para un usuario con la version 10.10 de Ubuntu. En tu caso tienes las 11.10 la cual ya no ofrece esa opcion por motivos de actualizaciones y mejoras ya existentes. Seria interesante saber si has actualizado de una version previa o has instalado la version 11.10 desde cero.

Hi Antoni. Although this will not solve your automatic clicking problem, the truth is that the link you just pointed out is for a user that is using the 10.10 version of Ubuntu. In your case you are using the 11.10. This version does not have the option you are looking for because of updates and enhancements made to Ubuntu. It would be interesting to know if you have upgraded from a previous version of have installed 11.10 from scratch.


Ubuntu Desktop 12.04 LTS blank screen after install

Try choosing nomodeset from the grub menu before you choose Ubuntu to boot. It's under the menu on the bottom right (under F6 I think)


Update 16.04 to 18.04 broken due to 0 bytes in /boot, not yet rebooted

You could always just boot from a live cd and run Boot-Repair.


Ubuntu 18.04 - Google-chrome and Brave 1.0 constantly freezing and crashing

I had the same issue with Google Chrome. Try purging:

sudo apt-get purge google-chrome-stable

After which, run:

sudo apt-get autoremove

This might help. But in case not, I recommend using Chromium:

sudo apt-get install chromium-browser

Chromium is basically the same as Chrome. When I faced this issue, I installed chromium and no problem afterward.


OpenSpades "Failed to ddload 'libopenal.so'

If you encounter this error go to your package manager and install libopenal-dev OpenSpades should now work.


How do I set CLASSPATH variable for Tomcat in 12.10?

The CLASSPATH variable can be extended in this way

CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:/path_to_classes_dir

or

CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:/path_to.jar

But I think your question is not reflecting your right intention.

servlet-api.jar is an api. It is only needed at compile time.
On run time an implementation is provided by a container like tomcat.


default permissions for specific directories (home directory)

See DIR_MODE in /etc/adduser.conf

# If DIR_MODE is set, directories will be created with the specified
# mode. Otherwise the default mode 0755 will be used.
DIR_MODE=0755

What you want is 0700 and nobody else will be allowed to enter the directories created in /home/$USER/ except for $USER and root.

Optional: there is also

/etc/pam.d/common-session

See the ...

# The pam_umask module will set the umask according to the system default in
# /etc/login.defs and user settings, solving the problem of different
# umask settings with different shells, display managers, remote sessions etc.
# See "man pam_umask".

adding

session optional pam_mkhomedir.so to session optional pam_mkhomedir.so umask=0077

Does the same (umask is reversed to chmod so 0077 for a chmod 0700)


What is the difference between a meta-package and a package?

These packages do not contain actual software, they simply depend on other packages to be installed.

It is important to note that removing a meta package does NOT remove the packages it installed:

  when a metapackage is automatically removed by the removal or purging of any one, or more, of its underlying dependencies, all of the other packages that were in the metapackage's depends list are still installed on the system.

You can look at the structure of a typical meta package by pulling (for example) ubuntu-desktop:

apt-get source ubuntu-desktop

and then looking at the structure, you'll find the list of packages each meta-package recommends, as well as the structure of putting it all together in debian/rules.

References:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MetaPackages
How to create a meta-package that automatically installs other packages?


How do I restart/reload Apache when it can't determine the domain name?

Good news! Apache is restarting successfully. Apache just isn't sure where you want serve from, so it's choosing your localhost by default. To prevent this message from appearing, clarify that you want to serve from localhost by adding the following line into your /etc/apache2/apache2.conf file:

ServerName localhost


You can give write access to these two fonder only. Apart from that do no give write access. So that user will not able to write elsewhere.

I would suggest you to give write access to partition1/folder1 and folder2.

chmod u=rwx partition1/folder1
chmod u=rwx partition1/folder2

Then I would suggest you to remove write access to partition1 folder

chmod u=rx partition1

Now you can not create any thing inside partition1 but you will be able to write into partition1/folder1 and 2.

xyz@xyz-desktop:~$ ls -lart|grep test1
dr-xr-xr-x  4 xyz xyz   4096 2011-03-03 19:51 test1
xyz@xyz-desktop:~$ ls test1
test3  test4
xyz@xyz-desktop:~$ ls -lart test1
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 61 xyz xyz 4096 2011-03-03 19:49 ..
drwxr-xr-x  2 xyz xyz 4096 2011-03-03 19:51 test4
dr-xr-xr-x  4 xyz xyz 4096 2011-03-03 19:51 .
drwxr-xr-x  2 xyz xyz 4096 2011-03-03 19:51 test3
xyz@xyz-desktop:~$ touch ./test1/willItCreate
touch: cannot touch `./test1/willItCreate': Permission denied
xyz@xyz-desktop:~$ touch ./test1/test3/willItCreate


The colour of your dash is determined by your desktop background. I am forever changing my background which gives a nice fresh feel to the dash each time :)


Installed Ubuntu on Surface Book. No inputs

Ubuntu 16.04 doesn't work straight out of the box on a surface book. You need to use an external keyboard after installation to get the dock to work. I followed these instructions and Ubuntu 16.04 works on my surface book. In summary:

Create a partition for Ubuntu in Windows
Download Ubuntu 16.04 ISO image, and set up Live USB install using rufus: https://rufus.akeo.ie/
Enter UEFI settings by shutting down surface, press and hold volume up button on surface, and at the same time press and release power button
In UEFI menu disable 'Secure Boot'
Go to Boot configuration and either: Swipe left on 'USB Storage' OR configure boot order so that USB Storage is on top, then restart

Install Ubuntu, then in a terminal, run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/tigerite/kernel/ubuntu trusty main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tigerite-kernel-trusty.list
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 984AE706D31B333A && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-surface

And reboot


Is there a way to get Amnesia The Dark Descent working on Ubuntu with an Inel HD integrated graphics card?

The solution is very simple.

Method 1 :

Open Terminal

Copy and paste the following command

sudo apt-get install libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0

Method 2 : The Hard Way

First go to "Software Center".

Now search for libtxc.

Among the results install "Texture compression library for Mesa".

Now run Amnesia. Set all graphics settings to low just to be sure. You can experiment with higher settings later.

Happy nightmares!


Upgraded to 13.04, command not found errors

Pretty sure I have spotted a mistake.

# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin"
fi

Does not include the users private bin in the path.  Your path is just $HOME/bin

Try this instead

# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

You can confirm if this is the problem with echo $PATH but as the path you have posted looks OK this tells me that you dont have a $HOME/bin directory.


Impress - View Presentation changes objects layout

If you right click on the slide then select slide->page setup
and in page tab you select paper format 16:9, that should solve your problem.


How do I Run/Use apps added from command line?

check if you can run the apps from command line.
If so , create a shortcut , and edit it. Add the shell command to the shortcut from the properties menu.
Now , you will have desktop shortcuts for your applications.


Ubuntu 12.04 on Lenovo ThinkPad with UEFI

Change in BIOS settings "fast boot" from enabled to diagnostics.
Keep "Boot settings" in both but Legacy first
Connect your USB stick to the usb3-port next to SD-Card reader
(i head frequently issues to have it recognized by the BIOS in the other port..)
Save BIOS settings with F10
Press ENTER during reboot
You should arrive on a option frame, PRESS ENTER AGAIN to stop
countdown. Wait 5 Seconds or so, to have all the devices recognized
in background.
Now choose with F12 "choose temporaly startup device", choose something like USB or flash

NOTE: if you won't find your usb stick here, reboot and change bios settings for "Network Boot" and reboot and switch "Network Boot" again back to "Realtek.." and reboot. The Bios is behaving real strangely. Start again with No. 1.)

Good Luck, Mike

b.t.w. if you did a dual boot set-up with both, Windows and Ubuntu, check this out:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


ubuntu 16.04 network setting, why is my /etc/network/interfaces file so simple(settings only for lo)?

This is actually normal.
The interfaces file is one of many ways to configure a network when a machine starts, yet it is not a "must have" method. consider it as a general Linux method, that is natively supported and common for Linux-based operating systems.
Many Linux-based operating systems also support other tools and methods of configuring your network, and tend not to use the interfaces file.
For example: by default your Ubuntu desktop uses Network Manager to manage network connections automatically and dynamically.
The Ubuntu Network Manager app is a package commonly installed as part of your base OS.
You may also manually install it using:
sudo apt-get install network-manager

This also let's you purge the package and use any other application of your choice, and even the interfaces file itself.
Further reading and documentation:
Ubuntu - NetworkManager


Fresh Lubuntu 20.04: WiFi "deauthenticating" immediately

So it turns our my cable router (provided by Vodafone Germany) received an upgrade two days ago. That's when the issues started. A factory reset resolved everything. Though I don't understand how the same wireless adapter (when booting Win10) could connect even before the reset...


line 820 seems to be a red herring. Where as lines 821-823 of your dmesg indicates that issue may be apparmor denning "/usr/sbin/mysqld".

To check this look in /var/log/syslog via grep apparmor /var/log/syslog. Temporarily downgrade apparmor's enforcement by running sudo aa-complain /usr/sbin/mysqld followed by a reboot and evaluate the output of dmesg. If the boot time improves restore enforcement by running sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/mysqld.

To properly configure apparmor for your use of mysqul see the Oracle blog post AppArmor and MySQL. For a deeper look at debugging apparmor see Ubuntu wiki - DebuggingApparmor

Adding an appropriate exception to /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld may solve this portion of the slow boot.


"No such file or directory" when trying to remove a file, but the file exists?

I have tried creating a file with the same name and I end up getting two files with the same name.

That says, absent filesystem corruption, that you have two files with two different names that appear the same because of non-printing characters or characters that look the same in your character set/font.  The --escape option to ls is your friend in such instances, as are tools such as cat -v.

So, too, is rm -i -- *

Further reading

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/2182/
http://opensourceforu.com/2010/12/secure-upload-methods-in-php/


"Backup Failed" after manually deleting old backup files

Turns out

~/.cache/deja-dup

wasn't writable.

But now I get

Could not restore ‘~/.cache/deja-dup/metadata’: File not found in backup'...

see my new post:

"Backup Failed": Could not restore ‘~/.cache/deja-dup/metadata’: File not found in backup


How to count NFS clients connected to your NFS server?

A quick method, which should work everywhere, is to list all connected sockets to the nfs port via ss on the server:
ss -a | grep nfs

There is also the showmount command:
showmount -a localhost

per manpage:

showmount queries the mount daemon on a remote host for information about the state of the NFS  server  on  that machine.  With no options showmount lists the set of clients who are mounting from that host.  The output from showmount is designed to  appear  as  though  it were processed through ``sort -u''.

Note that there are some caveats to it:

The  completeness and accuracy of the information that showmount displays varies according to the NFS server's implementation.
Because showmount sorts and uniqs the output, it  is  impossible  to  determine  from  the output whether a client is mounting the same directory more than once.

So for example, if a client connects multiple times to the same mount, it will appear just once in the showmount output.
In this case with ss -a you should catch them.


Why does max_bpp=128 increase performance for xrdp?

Maximum supported bpp at the moment is 32. The only way max_bpp=128 can be made sense of is by
looking at xrdp source code: setting server's max_bpp at 128 makes the value ignored by putting it at a level well above any potential client's bpp (bit per pixel).
    if (self->rdp_layer->client_info.bpp >
            self->rdp_layer->client_info.max_bpp)
    {
        LOG(LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, "Client requested %d bpp color depth, "
            "but the server configuration is limited to %d bpp. "
            "Downgrading the color depth to %d bits-per-pixel."
   ...

Therefore max_bpp=128 is as good as max_bpp=32 and also not setting max_bpp in the xrdp.ini at all. The client controls the color depth and the associated network bandwidth under any such scenario.
P.S.
I'd be thrilled to hear facts to the contrary from the author of an answer to xrdp and xfce4 Ubuntu > 18.04 Unusable


Solved it by adding the following line to .profile,

export PATH=$PATH:/sbin

Reference: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2267058&p=13236758#post13236758


I have a basic PC keyboard, a Logitech K120, and it also does not have media buttons.

I have tried setting the Print Screen, Scroll Lock, and Pause/break keys to Mute, Volume down, and Volume up; in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.

They all were recognized and added to the configuration, but the Scroll Lock key for the Volume Down did not work. Print Screen and Pause/Break for Mute and Volume Up worked fine.


How do I completely remove Ubuntu from my computer?

This seems to be just a question of changing the boot order from within your computer's BIOS. It is probably set to boot from the hard disk before trying the CD drive.

You can try simply changing it but I recommend that you remove the partitions that were created by the Ubuntu installation before installing Windows again. Reason for that is that there is a chance Windows will not list every partition currently on your disk and you will end up with a mix install of Windows and Linux partitions.

Start by booting from the Ubuntu LiveCD, select to Try Ubuntu and once on the desktop look for the disk utility from the dash, for that have a look on the following post:

How do I open the Disk Utility in Unity?

Once the application is open delete all the partitions on your hard disk and apply the changes.

Ubuntu will be completely removed from your system by now. You can even try to boot the Windows install without changing the boot order in your BIOS, if your computer cannot find any boot partitions it will try to probably boot from the CD drive.

Reboot with the Windows recovery CD and it should start the Windows installation procedure.


How to remove frozen entry in Nautilus file/copy transfer dialog?

I had a hang after I started copying from a network drive and my machine went into suspend while copying was still going on. Closing Nautilus from the panel context menu did not help, after restarting nautilus the copy dialog was still hanging at the same position.

What did help was xkill:

Alt+F2 -> xkill

The cursor is now a small cross, and the process of the next window that you left-click on is killed. Make sure you have the window visible. Right-click aborts xkill.


What about right-clicking anywhere in the blank area of the Desktop and selecting Organize Desktop by Name?

I'm assuming you don't have multiple monitor configurations, or anything like workspace-specific layouts that isolate icons to specific workspaces.


Answered very nicely here already,

To use your network card as wifi hotspot, it must support AP mode & master mode.

To check master-mode run:

sudo iwconfig wlan0 mode master.

If you dont get a error then it supports master-mode

To check AP run following command:

sudo apt-get install iw

Then run:

iw list

If there is 'AP' in the list of "Supported interface modes" your device will support the Access Point mode with hostapd.

But as you explained above, that it doesn't support AP mode, The wifi hotspot wont work as explained in the blog.

Unlike windows, linux-kernel doesn't provide same features for every wireless cards.So for a particular wifi-card, windows driver may support AP , but linux-driver may not.

One option is to purchase a wireless card which supports AP modes.


Can't open Software Center or Update Manager

You have a mistake in your sources list.

To go straight to the sources list, open a Terminal and issue the command: gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.

Look for the mistake at line 60.

If you have any trouble copy and paste your sources list here so we can have a look.


Going to a virtual terminal disables Vim color scheme

It can be done but it quite complicated (so I recommend using a regular terminal if you really want the colors) but if you really want to do it have a look at the following question on superuser: https://superuser.com/questions/67582/tty-with-256-colors

They instruct to set the appropriate TERM variable, this TERM variable then also needs to be added to your vimrc, becaues now the colors are only set for TERM=gnome-terminal.


You removed your only key in the LUKS header, not the encryption. The passphrase unlocks a master decryption key stored in the header, which in turn decrypts your partition. Cryptsetup asks you for that passphrase, but finds no matching encrypted key in the header since you removed the only keyslot that stores it.

There's no way you will ever decrypt that partition again, unless you had a backup of the header somewhere. Only use luksRemoveKey if you have another keyslot left afterwards that you can unlock (or a header backup). When you remove the last key, that master key is lost forever.


Wireless Network not discovered in Ubuntu 15.10

the wireless adapter is faulty, hence couldn't detect wireless network . Thanks @Pilot6


Ubuntu gives a purple screen while booting

Run:

apt purge nvidia-3*
apt install nvidia-352
update-initramfs -u


Try running the following command and see if it still disappears:

gnome-terminal --tab -e "exec /bin/bash -i"


See if you see it running in

ps -ef | grep -i simp


lvm2 support is not provided by default, you have to install it.

sudo apt-get install lvm2

You should then update grub.  Since it will now be able to read the lvm2 partition, it should find Fedora and insert it into the grub menu:

sudo update-grub


Yes, there is a way. You can manage scripts which are run after/before suspend/hibernation (etc/pm/sleep.d/). To make your computer load login screen (just before) suspend/hibernation just do the following:

Execute these commands in terminal:

sudo touch /etc/pm/sleep.d/99-login-screen.sh
gksu gedit /etc/pm/sleep.d/99-login-screen.sh

Paste this into file:

#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
    hibernate|suspend)
        gdbus call --system --dest org.freedesktop.DisplayManager --object-path /org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0 --method org.freedesktop.DisplayManager.Seat.SwitchToGreeter
    ;;
esac
exit $?

and save it. Now try to suspend and resume your system :) [I tested it on ubuntu 12.04.02 LTS]


Keyboard keys miswired since dual boot of Windows 10 and Ubuntu 18.04

From the photos on the website you purchased from, it looks very much to me that you have the US keyboard set as the " key and @ are reversed whereas the photo clearly shows you have the English keyboard layout...

The above image is of the US keyboard layout and below the British (English)

So, In windows you have the correct keyboard mapping set but the incorrect one in Ubuntu.

You should change which keyboard layout you are using in Ubuntu System Settings>Regions & Language.


Installing openjdk-6-jre:i386 on Ubuntu 12.04 64 bit: broken dependencies

You want to install openjdk-7 but uses command for openjdk-6,
For JRE use this

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre

For JDK use this

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk


How do I completely remove Google Chrome apps (e.g. Postman) on Ubuntu 18.04?

Hover on any extension and click manage extensions and then search postman and choose remove.

This will remove web app postman from Chrome.

edit 1: reply to comment.

If you can't see chrome extension, then click on any extension, then the extension menu opens where you can search for Postman, then click remove.


Ubuntu 14.04 in lenovo g700 can't detect any wireless networks?

I just had a same problem and I found that you may need to install broadcom linux wireless driver.

From the shell:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get --reinstall install bcmwl-kernel-source

Then the wireless connections would be working.

You can check out broadcom's website for more information http://www.broadcom.com/docs/linux_sta/README.txt


W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead

In your /etc/apt/sources.list file, the line should look like:

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner

It doesn't work or the formatting is wrong for the $(lsb_release -sc) part.

Hope this helps!


You can indeed install multiple linux versions that each reside on encrypted partitions. "Full disk encryption" does not really mean that the entire disk is encrypted. It rather means that all partitions involved in the installation are encrypted, with the exception of a separate /boot partition. A boot partition cannot be encrypted, because the data need to be accessed during the booting process.


How to have sound drivers and settings the same as they were before from a fresh install?

You should just be able to install pulseaudio from the software center or synaptic package manger and disable/uninstall esound via the same method...


Nvidia Drivers Removal + locating suitable drivers, how?

*to remove nvidia drivers *

Open a terminal. ctrl+alt+T
and type in:

  sudo apt-get --purge nvidia-current -y

you find the correct drivers for your nvidia card , well from nvidia.com
http://www.nvidia.co.uk/Download/index.aspx?lang=en-uk

download it, and

Open a terminal. ctrl+alt+T
Navigate to the directory of the .run file. For this example, I have mine on the desktop so I would type in "cd ~/Desktop" and press enter.
Type "chmod +x example.run" (press enter).
Now type "./example.run", press enter, and the installer will run.


How do I get wireless to work on a Dell Mini 1018 with Realtek RTL 8188CE Network Adapter?

Go into BIOS and select restore from defaults. That has worked for me every time.
The rfkill command does nothing.


Make files uploaded by vsftpd automatically inherit owner from parent directory

Set up the ownership with:

sudo chown -R user:ftpusergroup /path/to/public_folder

Using sefacl set the permission bit:

sudo setfacl -R -d -m u:user:rwx,g:ftpusergroup:rwx,o::r /path/to/public_folder

Information:

-R: recursively

-d: set as default for future folders and files

-m: modify existing file access control settings

Source:

man setfacl


Problem in storage space after executing "dconf reset -f /"

You would have been better placed to run dconf reset -f /org/gnome/desktop to reset gnome desktop settings whereas here you've reset more than is required.
In a terminal, take a look at the output of df -h which should give you an indication of usage and what data exists. Also try du -h --max-depth=1 /home to view the size of your home directory.
Once you've located data, you can either mv old-files/ new-files/ to move them somewhere else or rm -r old-files to delete them. Be aware the remove command is irreversible.
-- BVS


Konsole terminal on Gnome 3 is old and some icons are missing

Ubuntu only provides security updates to packages, once a stable version is released.
The Kubuntu Backports PPA hosts some newer KDE packages for older version of Ubuntu, but it does not host Konsole 20.08.
In principle, you can update packages using the repository of Ubuntu 20.10 (not released yet), but that is not recommended. If you really need the latest KDE softwares, you can either update to Ubuntu 20.10 when it is released, or use KDE Neon (which is not an official flavor of Ubuntu).
To use a uniform theme in GNOME and KDE softwares, you can use adwaita-qt theme.
sudo apt install adwaita-qt

(Image taken from GitHub repo of adwaita-qt)


Search for 'qBittorrent' in the Ubuntu Software Center, install.

Then run this in the terminal: sudo qbittorrent

Copy the address of the torrent link, paste into qBittorent via 'paste from clipboard' option in 'New' tab.

Find some cold beer and a place to chill....

RCline7


PDF viewer with "gmail-sendable annotation" and "color inversion"?

I've done some research in this area some time ago - from the free PDF viewers I was able to find, Okular may be the only one which supports annotations, but they're stored separately from the file, so they're not "gmail-sendable".

It also does support color inversion.

The reason for the lack of "embeddable" annotations seems to be that the underlying library for working with PDF files (poppler) does not support writing annotations into a PDF document yet.


How can I boot an Ubuntu 18 live USB from GRUB?

Thanks to @oldfred I found a solution by using this one

I had to modify it for my case like this:

menuentry "Ubuntu 18 live" {
    search --set=root --label "UBUNTU 18_0"
    configfile /boot/grub/grub.cfg
}

and it worked perfectly


How can I launch an application at startup just in a determined session?

Yes , first place anything autostart file in ~/.config/autostart , and for each *.desktop file need only in GNOME , put a line like this into that file:

  OnlyShowIn=GNOME;

Which means this application will only start in Gnome session.

If you take a look in /etc/xdg/autostart for specific application , thw following image is pretty clear on the basis of its structure:


if you are afraid to break anything and just want to try it do the following:

-mount ubuntu image on windows with daemon tools
-from there run wubi.exe it will make you a ubuntu installation on your disk.

reboot and voila you have side by side.


How to show all searched results in pdf in a glance?

As far as I know there is no PDF reader on Linux that offers this capability as a part of its inbuilt toolset. However, you can always use an external desktop search engine such as Recoll to gain an overview of search term instances within a PDF document.

Recoll's newest releases come with a nifty snippet window that does exactly what you're looking for:

And, what's more, clicking on one of the page numbers will immediately direct you to the relevant part of the document and pass the search term to the document viewer.

Note: this will only work if you use Recoll coupled with a PDF viewer that is capable of being passed page numbers and search terms from the command line. Ubuntu's default PDF viewer, evince, can do that. Others, such as KDE's Okular can't at the moment.


Upstart job cannot create directory in /var/run

As Upstart cookbook mentions: Note that all processes (pre-start, post-stop, et cetera) will be run as the user specified.

As a result mkdir outside user's home directory will fail with permission denied results.

One solution is to create as root the directory, chown it for the target user and then run the executable as the user.

description "Foo"

start on filesystem or runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

pre-start script
    mkdir -p -m 0775 /var/run/foo
    chown foo:foo /var/run/foo
end script

exec sudo -u foo_user /usr/local/bin/foo

where foo_user is the target user which will initiate the executable

Reference on how to run as different user


Make sure your CPU meets the Plex minimum requirements. I had the same problem until I upgraded my CPU.


How to Thunderbird emails on a Windows Drive (Dual Boot)

I have not done that, but i did move my profile from Windows to Ubuntu before and it worked. But you need to be sure to use the same thunderbird version for both setups or weird things can start happening (and please backup before starting).

I will assume here that you have already installed Thunderbird on your Windows partition and on Ubuntu GNU/Linux, and that you have ran Windows version at least once (so that it sets up all the needed files). I also assume that your windows partition gets mounted somewhere when you run Ubuntu.

So you will first need to determine where the profile got saved in Windows, that changes depending on the versions and how you've set up. You are looking for something like AppData or Applications Data or something like that. Find the folder Thunderbird where you should have profiles.ini file. If you found it, you are on the right track. Open it in notepad, you will see something like

[Profile0]
Name=default
IsRelative=1
Path=your path

Sometimes path can be Profiles/adfsdfsfd or something like that (i.e. a subfolder of the current one). Take a note of two things: where you have found the profiles.ini file and the path to the default profile.

Now we go to the Ubuntu GNU/Linux and the fun begins.

Inside your home directory go to .thunderbird (note the dot), if the directory doesn't exist, i would run thunderbird once, create a profile without setting anything up, we'll delete it in a second. In that directory you will find the profiles.ini file.

At this point there are two paths you can take:

You can create a symbolic link to the profile
You can point Thunderbird directly to the Windows partition

Let's start with the first. In the terminal, from within .thunderbird directory type:

ln -s /path/to/windows/profile/directory/profile myprofile

Then type

ls myprofile

and you should see some files being displayed. If you don't, you've mistyped something

Then edit profiles.ini with the editor of your choice, changing the Path to 'myprofile' without quotes.

If you want to point directly you need to change two things in profiles.ini

IsRelative=0
Path=/path/to/profile/directory/profile

Start your Thunderbird and check that you are seeing the setup as you had it on Windows. Once everything is ok, go to .thunderbird directory and delete the initially created empty profile (or you can skip that if you don't mind wasting a couple of MiB of disk space).


Can't get crontab to repeat command every five minutes

First make sure your script is executable!
If so, it can also be because PATH is not set, have a look at this post and its replies:
Reasons why crontab does not work

Also my suggestion would be using cron.d instead of making a mess in crontab file.


Wrong IR keytable loaded for Hauppauge soloHD TV

As a temporary workaround I have the following installed. Better answers are welcome.
In /lib/udev/rules.d/99-tv-card.rules I put:
ATTRS{idVendor}=="2040", ATTRS{idProduct}=="8268", RUN+="/usr/bin/ir-keytable -c -w /etc/rc_keymaps/hauppauge.toml"

After reloading with udevadm control --reload-rules it seems to work ok.


Although the Files for quantal are not listed, the files have actually been moved and can be found here:

http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/quantal

edit /etc/apt/sources.list and change 'archive.ubuntu.com' to 'old-releases.ubuntu.com'

You can do this with sed

sudo sed -i -e 's/archive.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

then update with

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Attention: you should only use the old-release archive if you have no possibility to upgrade to a newer version, because you won't get any security updates using these old archives


Have you confirmed the directory/file ownership & permissions conform to the Magento 2 documentation?

The error suggests the permissions are wrong since it can't create a new directory.

  PHP Fatal error: Uncaught exception '[...]' with message 'Can't create directory /var/www/html/var/generation/Magento/Framework/App/ResourceConnection/.'


How to make Grub display after installing Ubuntu on a laptop with Windows OS?

Boot to your live disk
Open gparted
Right click on /dev/sda5
Click 'Manage Flags'
Set the boot flag (same thing as the active flag in windows)

Grub should now load if it is actually installed on /dev/sda5


Ubuntu 11.10 on Macbook Pro 4,1 - fails during Installation

Try installing using the mac iso.  There are a couple versions for 11.10 here depending on what kind of install you want.


Thunderbird 'get mail' shortcut disallowed

OK, my bad. It seems that by default on Dell laptops when you hit an F (F1-F12) key it generates Fn-F, and if you type Fn-F it generates the 'normal' F thing. Seems crazy, and it can be inverted in Bios or by typing Fn+Esc.


Can I configure apt to display package version on install confirmation?

As a workaround, first run the intended command in simulation mode by using -s. In the code below, I want to know what will be installed on my Kubuntu 18.04 if I install gedit:

$ apt install -s gedit
NOTE: This is only a simulation!
      apt needs root privileges for real execution.
      Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,
      so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  gedit-common gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 gir1.2-peas-1.0 libgspell-1-1 libgspell-1-common libpeas-1.0-0 libpeas-common
Suggested packages:
  gedit-plugins
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  gedit gedit-common gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 gir1.2-peas-1.0 libgspell-1-1 libgspell-1-common libpeas-1.0-0 libpeas-common
0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Inst libgspell-1-common (1.6.1-1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [all])
Inst libgspell-1-1 (1.6.1-1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Inst libpeas-common (1.22.0-2 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [all])
Inst libpeas-1.0-0 (1.22.0-2 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Inst gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 (3.24.7-1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Inst gedit-common (3.28.1-1ubuntu1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [all])
Inst gir1.2-peas-1.0 (1.22.0-2 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Inst gedit (3.28.1-1ubuntu1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Conf libgspell-1-common (1.6.1-1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [all])
Conf libgspell-1-1 (1.6.1-1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Conf libpeas-common (1.22.0-2 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [all])
Conf libpeas-1.0-0 (1.22.0-2 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Conf gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 (3.24.7-1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Conf gedit-common (3.28.1-1ubuntu1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [all])
Conf gir1.2-peas-1.0 (1.22.0-2 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
Conf gedit (3.28.1-1ubuntu1 Ubuntu:18.04/bionic [amd64])
$


Hope you using CUPS for printing.

Go to the page http://localhost:631

Once you are on this page, click on “Administrator”, and then click on “Add Printer.” You might be asked for username and password of your computer.

Once after updating username and password try printing the job.

For the error "function locked" please Turn off Secure Function Lock

If your Brother machine has a touchscreen, please follow the steps of "For Touchscreen models" below.

Press Menu.
Press the Up or Down Arrow key choose Lock On->Off and press OK.
Enter your four-digit administrator password and press OK.

FOR models Touchscreen

Press image.
Press Lock On->Off.
Enter your four-digit administrator password by pressing the buttons
on the Touchscreen and press OK.

Hope this helps


Missing integration options for online accounts in 13.10

You need to install libgoa-1.0-0

Type sudo apt-get install libgoa-1.0-0

You will get all other online account options.


the problem solved with reinstalling a newer version of Ubuntu.


Which kernel parameters for recompilation have to be changed because I cannot load unsigned or self-signed modules?

This one

CONFIG_EFI_SECURE_BOOT_SIG_ENFORCE=n

is enough to load an unsigned kernel or unsigned modules.


How to report apt repository working bad?

IMHO, you can file a bug about that on Launchpad. There is an example about that:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/update-manager/+bug/849814


how to hide filepath and page number in gedit for printing

You could disable printing the page headers when you print the file.

Go to File -> Print -> Text Editor (tab) and uncheck the line that says Print Page Headers


How can I detect whether Ubuntu server has a GUI installed?

Look at /usr/share/xsessions/ directory to see if there are any X sessions available on your Ubuntu:

$ ls /usr/share/xsessions/
openbox.desktop

which says I've got "openbox" on my machine, it can be "Unity", "Gnome" or anything else for you. If you get nothing, so nothing has been installed.

Extra step:

You can run something like this on that file to see if its binary really exist on your machine and it's not a leftover file:

file $(grep -Po "(?<=^Exec=).*" /usr/share/xsessions/openbox.desktop)

grep -Po "(?<=^Exec=).* returns something similar to: /usr/bin/openbox
file will check if that really exist.


OK I figured out the smallest number of steps to get this midi keyboard working:

Install qsynth , Jack Control (called qjackctl) , and download Claudio_Piano.rar from here, unpack and save in a handy place.
Launch Jack Control (Applications > Sound and Video > JACK Control on older Ubuntu versions, or search for it in the Dash in newer Ubuntu versions)
Click the settings button on the right side of the Jack Control panel, in the settings switch on midi input by going into the MIDI Driver drop down near the bottom of the window and selecting seq (alsa sequencer) and click OK.
Load Qsynth, go into the setup, check Enable MIDI Input and turn the midi driver to alsa_seq, in the audio tab ensure the Audio Driver is set to jack, in the sound fonts tab open your downloaded sound font from above. Click ok and reset the server when it asks.
If Qsynth freezes, unfreeze by stopping the jack server and then starting it again.
Go back into the JACK Audio Connection Kit window and click Connect, here we are going to make sure in the Audio tab that qsynth is connected to the system output (drag handles).

In the Alsa tab we are going to connect our midi device to qsynth.

Back in Qsynth Click on the Channels button and watch carefully all the little lights beside each of the midi channels. Press keys on your keyboard and see which one lights up. Click on that row and set the name to Piano (or whatever your musical instrument is)
Play keyboard with sound output.


How to move files from Ubuntu to Windows then back to a Ubuntu VM

As it is possible to also attach a physical disk to a virtual machine this procedure may lead to data loss on write access to this disk. If your data matter I would therefore not recommend you take the risk.

A much easier way to move your data, that presumably are stored on a file system inaccessible to Windows, is just booting an Ubuntu live system from where you can mount both, your Ubuntu SSD, and your Windows drive. You can then safely copy the data over from the SSD to your hard drive with no risk to these data, as these are still untouched on the SSD.

Alternatively we can also install Windows utilities to mount your Ubuntu partitions. The you are able to copy and paste your data over to your Windows drive.

After you had set up your Ubuntu VM you can give the data folder on your Windows host access via shared folders, networking, or copy the data into the VM (not recommended because making backups is much harder).


Skype is a Qt program, and needs to be configured separately. You cannot change the DPI setting for it, but at least you can change font size. Install qt4 and run qtconfig-qt4 to do it.

Source: archwiki


How can I solve an Xbox 360 'NAT Moderate' issue if I don't have access to the router?

a router is basically a limited computer.So your computer, especially easy with Linux! :)  can acts as a router for your XBOX (and the rest of your internal network if you wish to share your 3g internet with more devices)

first you need iptables to manage the NAT traversal and forwarding if not already installed , in the terminal type:

sudo apt-get install iptables

and then press enter to install

then we are going to make a little script for you do make the settings nessecary for this to work

-------- snip ---------

# just a shorter name for iptables
IPTABLES='/sbin/iptables'

# internal network interface
int='eth0'

# interface to internet ,check with ifconfig , but its probably ppp0 for you
ext='eth1'

# we configure the network interface to the ip below
ifconfig $int 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0

# ip address for the xbox
xbox='10.0.5'

# enable forwarding of packages
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

# if you wish to forward ports  it would look something like this
# but change ports (1000,2000) to what your xbox requires you to forward
$iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i $ext --dport 1000 -J DNAT --to $xbox

# if you need udp ports as well
$iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp -i $ext --dport 1000 -J DNAT --to $xbox
# use --dport 1000:2000 , if you need to forward a range

-------- snip ---------

save this in a  text-file so you can launch it whenever you reboot your computer (since these settings dissappear after reboot)

also you need to remove your internal network card from being managed from ubuntu network manager

edit /etc/NetworkManager/NetWorkManager.conf
and enter the text:

unamanaged-devices=mac:00:23:33:ec:a0:6a

below the row with  [keyfile]

(you need to change the mac adress to the one of your internal network card (check with ifconfig in the terminal)

now finally launch your script with sudo sh nameofscript.txt
and you should be good to go as soon as you connect your xbox to the network card and give it an ip address like 10.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0

good luck! :)


You can find extensive help on this topic here.


Firefox not providing search suggestions with DuckDuckGo

The answer lies in the nature of DuckDuckGo itself. Since the search engine doesn't track users or store their search history, it doesn't provide a search suggestion service. If you really need that, stick to Google.


Ubuntu 16.04 external monitors black screen "Could not set the configuration for CRTC"

I'm having the same problem. A temporary solution consisted in going back to a previous working version of the kernel: 4.4.0-72-generic for me. Been following this to do so.


Bluetooth LE and Ubuntu 16.04, sometimes works, other times not

I solved replacing the gnome bluetooth default indicator with blueman (which is even better and has more options, I really wonder why it is not default)

cd /usr/share/upstart/sessions

sudo mv indicator-bluetooth.conf indicator-bluetooth.conf.old

sudo apt install blueman

Then I restarted and reassociated the mouse. Now it works flawlessly at any time.


"Choose Tools - Options - Language Settings - Languages"

"Escolha Ferramentas - Opções - Definições de idioma - Idiomas"

https://help.libreoffice.org/Common/Selecting_the_Document_Language


I'm not sure why the init script isn't there (perhaps it's a poorly packaged software) but you see what the error is here:

invoke-rc.d: unknown initscript, /etc/init.d/galileo not found.

Try tricking the install scripts by creating the missing file (empty), making it executable and attempting removal again:

sudo touch /etc/init.d/galileo
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/galileo
sudo apt-get remove galileo

Most packages apart from installing binaries, documentation, configuration files and others, also have instructions on what to do before/after the installation/removal and they're usually shell scripts which you can find here:

/var/lib/dpkg/info/packagename.postrm
/var/lib/dpkg/info/packagename.prerm
/var/lib/dpkg/info/packagename.preinst
/var/lib/dpkg/info/packagename.postinst

If you get such errors because the package maintainer either didn't do a very good job or you forced the installation on an unsupported distribution, you usually know:

the package name
the stage of the package life (postrm, prerm, preinst, postinst)

so you can look at the appropriate file and either remove or comment out the command that makes the process fail as it does here. Either this, or trick it as I suggested above.


I had the same problem and solved it by changing the GTK theme from Ambiance that is default for Ubunty to Adwaita the default for Gnome. One may change the GTK theme installing gnome-tweaks.
I think this is a persistent problem with Ubuntu default theme and Emacs and affects a few of the latest versions of both.


Weird text displayed after using netcat to connect with remote server

Basically, your computer was compromised. Read all about it here (last year's but valid). At the end it tells you how to get rid of the message.


How to set up Google Drive (grive) in Ubuntu 15.10?

You need to install it again, it happened to me too. Follow the steps on webupd8 about installing, giving permission and syncing:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grive


v4l2ucp package contains a video-settings GUI. You can use it to alter the skype video settings during a video call (run v4l2ucp).

Checking "Exposure, Auto priority" helped me.


systemd is hanging when I start or restart a service

So it turned out that the command that is executed with the ExecStart configuration did not fork whereas the systemd service was configured for a forking executable. This lead systemctl to wait for the for of the executable leading to a not returning command line.

The correct configuration for an executable that does not fork is to use Type=simple.

[Unit]
Description=djalbat.com

[Service]
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/var/www/djalbat.com/
ExecStart=/usr/bin/node ./bin/main.js start 2>&1 >> /var/log/djalbat.com.log

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

The WantedBy is needed to connect this unit with a target, so this unit or service is started automatically when the appropriate target is reached  and the service is enabled to start automatically with

systemctl enable djalbat

Don't forget to refresh systemd after you have made changes to your service files with

systemctl daemon-reload


How can I find out the path of an icon used by a folder?

It depends on your icon theme. It's usually
/path/to/your/icon/theme/directory/places/xx/folder.svg (or .png)
or
/path/to/your/icon/theme/directory/xx/places/folder.svg
(xx stands for various sizes).

Icon theme directories are usually located at /usr/share/icons/ (system-wide) or ~/.icons/ (local) or ~/.local/share/icons/ (local).

From your screenshot it seems you're using Adwaita icon theme. In that case you should find the icon in /usr/share/icons/Adwaita/xx/places/.


I'm in the current development version after doing "do-release-upgrade -d", why?

You have chosen to upgrade to the development version by choosing option -d in sudo do-release-upgrade -d

So, for one reason or another, you've upgraded Ubuntu to a new version. Now, you're not liking the new version (or it's a development version and too unstable for your taste).

there are mainly two methods to downgrade and since its too long to state here so please check the community help page for that by clicking here.


Nvidia graphics card is not being detected in Ubuntu 16.04

Install
nvidia
nvidia-settings

Reboot.

Here's some additional reference.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia

Edit -
On the chance that you have installed your drivers, but your card simply isn't being recognized, I'd make sure to be using Nvidia's drivers. Not Nouveau. Personally I've had issues in the past with my card not being recognized after installing Nouveau drivers, however, after purging the packages and installing the regular Nvidia drivers, I was able to move along just fine.


what are the consequences of ignoring the updates completely?

There are several different kinds of updates in the software world, especially when package managers, with a party other than upstream is involved:

Updates because there is a new version: Unless you're using a distro which focuses on stability (see Debian), the default strategy would be keeping the system up-to-date by having the almost-newest version of every package, unless there is no good reason to do so. There is no other point here other than being up-to-date.
Updates because there are new features. This is sort of a subset of the former, but a bit more meaningful:

You will want to upgrade libpoppler once in a while, as this may introduce new features in the PDF support used by many PDF readers and manipulators out there, such as GNOME's evince. For example, annotation support: implementation is still ongoing, but it was definitely unavailable some versions of libpoppler ago. Perhaps this is not evident if you don't use source-based distros, but you can compile evince against different versions of libpoppler, annotation support would, of course, only be available if compiled against a version of libpoppler providing it.
go-oo (what you used to call OpenOffice.org under GNU/Linux, now libreoffice) has been undergoing a big cleanup with many fixes, and with extensive work regarding Office Open XML support. Even if you don't use that kind of applications a lot, you may want a newer version so that you're able to open these .docx files people now send because Microsoft Office started defaulting to Office Open XML and some people simply use that instead of the more widely supported CDF "Office 97/2000" format (both formats are open, the difference is exactly in the level of support from third-party applications)
Emacs version 23 included Xft support, effectively allowing you to use OpenType fonts under X Windows. This led to a much better font support, with a much broader glyph coverage, not to mention that the text looks much nicer with Xft.

Bugfixes, fixing programming errors that led to undesired/unexpected/unspecified behavior, for example, ghostscript may need to be changed so that it interprets some Postscript construct correctly and that it stops mangling some PDF or Postscript file using that feature; libreoffice may need to be updated to fix some UI bug where the "Undo" button did not work in Draw; and so on. Unlike the next kind of updates, these bugfixes don't involve security issues, just something working on a way other than the expected/desirable way.
Security updates, the ones I think you're completely forgetting about, and perhaps the most important of them all. Some projects mix these with the above (See Mozilla, what actually led to a legal problem with Debian, where the Debian team wanted to focus on fixing the security issues rather than updating the Mozilla stuff all the time). This means, for example:

Preventing other people from executing random executables on your machine simply by loading a font (which is even more of a concern nowadays, as it seems that the new CSS cool is to have fonts downloaded from the web... fonts which are handled using the same tools that were designed to process local fonts, not having to worry with this kind of scenario. Expect more issues like this in the near future.)
It is kind of frequent to have this kind of "denial of service or program execution" vulnerability with the media stack: media players are something you use with files you get from many many sources: They're nowadays' floppy disks, if one wants to spread some malicious code, using an exploit in some widely-deployed media library is a good strategy. Ubuntu: libav
Along with these two specific kinds of libraries, any vulnerability that hits a library is more troubling than one that hits a single program, as it will be exploitable in all the programs using that library. For example, there has been a trend to move to XML configuration files. GNOME's XML library has had vulnerabilities
Adobe products. This deserves its own category. If you use Adobe's (formerly Macromedia) "Flash", you want to update frequently, as Flash is considered to be one of the worst programs security-wise, and it is something some people run on every website which wants to run some Flash applet. Less likely, given the broad range of less-bloated, more smooth and lightweight alternatives, is when you run Adobe's Acrobat Reader.

Ever wondered why Google's Chrome has new versions so frequently? Part of it are security fixes.

Now, let's go to what you want: "My basic fear is that by installing some of these updates, it is going adversely affect things that are already running fine." Yeah, it happens. Although I'd say that if this happens too frequently, you may consider changing to a distro where updates aren't that sloppy: part of what a team behind a package manager is supposed to do is to make sure things don't break.

Even then, you may encounter some breakage once in a while, or you may have to sit down an read through some kind of news bulletin issued (hopefully) before the update with any special instructions. But, most of the time, this is not Windows, there is a package manager, the occurence of that kind of breakage is not going to be that common. And if it does happen, it will happen to a wider audience, and there will be enough data to help the devs fixing it.

But yes, your concerns are of course valid. You could pick a distro where updates are only done to take care of what you really don't want to ignore: security updates. Debian does this, what some people have trouble understanding in their definition of "stable" is that it does stand for "we don't update just because there is a new version with new features, not even with fixes for some non-critical behavior, we focus on keeping the system the same for the duration of the release". They just fix attack vectors, so that you can have almost no updates while having a more secure system.

This is one of the things you should actually worry when picking a GNU/Linux distro, it's not "which DE does that distro bring by default", but what kind of package manager do you have, how does the team behind the package list/tree work and what are the update policies.


Can I use my PC to install linux/ubuntu to my external drive to be used on another PC?

You do not need the Internet on the computer you are installing Ubuntu on; however, you will need the Internet to get Ubuntu. You will need a blank DVD or a USB drive to create an install disk. There are some excellent instructions on the Ubuntu website. Also, does the "other PC" have a hard drive? The disk size for installing a Linux-based operating system is fairly small and a 1.5 TB hard drive seems a bit overkill. You can install Ubuntu to the 1.5TB hard drive on the "other PC", but I wouldn't install it on the "decent PC". The potential to hose your working PC is too great if you are not experienced. So here are some steps to follow:

 1. Create an Ubuntu install disk on your "decent PC".
 2. For best results, if your "other PC" has a hard drive, use that disk to install Ubuntu on to.
 3. If the "other PC" does not have a hard drive, yes, you can install it on the external drive, but, depending on the purpose of the "other PC" it might be overkill, and, depending on the type of USB, you might get a performance hit.

To install updates and proprietary files during the install have you considered hooking the "other PC" in place of the "decent PC" for a short while?


Installed kdenlive twice using apt then flatpack, terminal and software app telling me different version? Why?

When I run kdenlive -v on terminal, it says 17.12.3, but when I opened kdenlive and go to help->about it says version 19.12.3, so did I have two kdenlive version installed?

  Yes. You first installed version 17.12.3 using apt, then installed version 19.12.3 using flatpak.

If yes, how can I remove the older one? sudo apt-get remove kdenlive?

  Yes. Simply run the following command to remove the older (apt) version:

sudo apt remove kdenlive

Was the correct way to upgrade software ver? How to properly upgrade if they belong to different repo/package manager?

  No. That's not the correct way to 'upgrade'. As hinted before apt and flatpak work independently. You can install two instances of the same application using these package managers.
  To update packages installed using apt, run

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

  To packages installed using flatpak, run

flatpak update


I managed to fix the problem.  Looking at the output of lspci, lshw and dmesg, I eventually determined that all of the USB root hubs were being detected, but there was an issue with interrupt requests that was preventing some of them from working.  The Bluetooth, camera, etc., were failing because they were connected through one of the hubs that wasn't working.

The solution was to remove all instances of the string acpi=noirq from `/boot/grub/grub.cfg'.

Things probably went wrong when I was editing the grub configuration a couple of months ago trying to fix a separate issue.  I didn't notice the problem right away because I don't use the devices in question all that often.  Thanks to everyone who took the time to comment.


Dual boot ubuntu 12.10 and windows 8 Dell Inspiron 15 r

I had a similar problem with my Dell XPS 8500 desktop. I found the following bug report helpful:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/os-prober/+bug/1079056

The workaround suggested there worked for me. Run ubiquity (the Ubuntu installer) with the following command:

$ WINOSDATA=true ubiquity

Slightly more detailed instructions, if they are needed:

Boot your computer from the Ubuntu Live CD (or USB), and select the
option "Try Ubuntu without installing".
Open a terminal window, e.g. by pressing Ctrl+ALt+T.
Enter the command $ WINOSDATA=true ubiquity

The Ubuntu installer should then detect your Windows 8 installation (it did for me).

The problem appears to be with os-prober, the command used by ubiquity to detect installed operating systems. You can test this by running first $ sudo os-prober, and then $ sudo WINOSDATA=true os-prober. You may find that in the first case, no OS is detected, but in the second, Windows 8 is detected. (Substituting any non-zero value for "true" works equally well. Don't ask me why.)


LXD not installed after upgrade from 18.04 to 20.04

Sounds like your path isn't going into /snap/bin.
On my box:
$ echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin

$ which lxd
/snap/bin/lxd

$ lxc --version
4.11

In terms of your original question, the last time I saw this issue was because the kernel didn't support squashfs. Assuming you are on Ubuntu 20.04, run:
sudo apt install linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04 linux-headers-generic-hwe-20.04
sudo reboot

Hope it helps


Downloading Latest Blender Version from PPA

The ppa:irie/blender being down for several months now, I have tried
  to set-up a new version of it. It has 2.73 rc1 on it right now.

  https://launchpad.net/~thomas-schiex/+archive/ubuntu/blender

  Install it with:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:thomas-schiex/blender
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install blender

PPA set up by Tishere.


How to print columns with awk and in the same time edit just one column?

With awk:

awk '{print $4 $5 gensub("(.*/[^.]+)\\..*", "\\1", 1, $7) $9 $10}'

print prints the required fields without any modification, with only the required portion of the 7th field being extracted with gensub()
In gensub("(.*/[^.]+)\\..*", "\\1", 1, $7), the Regex pattern "(.*/[^.]+)\\..*" matches the portion prior to the . after last /, and put that in captured group 1, and then the rest as matches by \\..*. In the replacement only the captured group is used to get that portion only
In Regex pattern (.*/[^.]+)\\..*, the portion inside the captured group () i.e. in .*/[^.]+, .*/ matches greedily upto the last /, then [^.]+ matches the portion upto the next ., this is kept as captured group 1 as this is our desired portion, and we will use the group in replacement, then \\. matches a literal ., then .* matches the rest of the string

From comment, if you want to keep . inside the match i.e. want . too:

awk '{print $4 $5 gensub("(.*/[^.]+\\.).*", "\\1", 1, $7) $9 $10}'

Example:

% awk '{print $4 $5 gensub("(.*/[^.]+)\\..*", "\\1", 1, $7) $9 $10}' <<<'158.45.456.756 - - [04/Feb/2016:10:51:24 -0500] "GET /tiles/1.0.0/cd/base/1/85/785.png?wb75678545=75D2503E HTTP/1.1" 200 8848 "http://site/map.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; MOM64; Trident/7.0; mv:10.0) like Blah"'
[04/Feb/2016:10:51:24-0500]/tiles/1.0.0/cd/base/1/85/7852008848

% awk '{print $4 $5 gensub("(.*/[^.]+\\.).*", "\\1", 1, $7) $9 $10}' <<<'158.45.456.756 - - [04/Feb/2016:10:51:24 -0500] "GET /tiles/1.0.0/cd/base/1/85/785.png?wb75678545=75D2503E HTTP/1.1" 200 8848 "http://site/map.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; MOM64; Trident/7.0; mv:10.0) like Blah"'
[04/Feb/2016:10:51:24-0500]/tiles/1.0.0/cd/base/1/85/785.2008848


How do I move all files from one folder to a subfolder except .html file using the command line?

Current directory:
$ ls -F
1   12  15  18  20  23  26  29  31  34  37  4   42  45  48  50  8       b.html  foldera/  folderd/
10  13  16  19  21  24  27  3   32  35  38  40  43  46  49  6   9       c.html  folderb/  foldere/
11  14  17  2   22  25  28  30  33  36  39  41  44  47  5   7   a.html  d.html  folderc/  moveHere/

Temporary enable shell extglob and disable history substitution:
$ shopt -s extglob; set +H

To move everything to a directory named "moveHere" excluding html files:
$ mv !(*.html|moveHere) moveHere/

Current directory after moving files:
$ ls
a.html  b.html  c.html  d.html  moveHere

Check new dir:
$ ls moveHere/
1   12  15  18  20  23  26  29  31  34  37  4   42  45  48  50  8        folderb  foldere
10  13  16  19  21  24  27  3   32  35  38  40  43  46  49  6   9        folderc
11  14  17  2   22  25  28  30  33  36  39  41  44  47  5   7   foldera  folderd


Would this be safe to continue?

In my experience I would say: yes, it is safe to continue.

The problem is missing kernel headers so not a big issue.


flatpak commands does not run on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Create the missing objects directory in /var/lib/flatpak/repo .
sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/flatpak/repo/objects/

Gradio can be installed by the following commands in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:alexlarsson/flatpak # required in 16.04 only, not in later releases
sudo apt update
sudo apt install flatpak
sudo flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
flatpak install flathub de.haeckerfelix.gradio
The first command to add ppa:alexlarsson/flatpak is not required in 18.04 and later because the flatpak package is in the default repositories.
Gradio can be launched by clicking on its icon in the Dash or launched from the terminal with the following command:
flatpak run de.haeckerfelix.gradio


It sounds like it wants superuser access, also known as "root" access.  In Ubuntu the normal way to gain superuser access is via sudo which is a way of using your own user account to gain superuser access.  In this case, the password it wants will be your own account password.

Note: It pays to be suspicious of anything that claims to require your password or superuser access. You need to be sure that you absolutely trust the company whose software is requesting this.


How can I avoid broken languages when unzipping unicode files?

Try using p7zip. (@Pilot6 mentioned that p7zip doesn't work well for non UTF-8 encodings, but if you only need for UTF-8, then that's an easy solution.)

apt-get update
apt-get install p7zip-full
7z x thefile.zip -o"outputDir"


I have found the problem related to my AUFS branch, the mount command was faulty.

Instead of:

mount -t aufs -o br:/mnt/disk1=rw:/mnt/disk2,sum,create=mfs none /storage_pool

It should be like this:

mount -t aufs -o br:/mnt/disk1=rw:/mnt/disk2=rw -o sum -o udba=reval -o create=mfs none /storage_pool

It now mounts properly, writes new files to the disk with most space, and written directly to one of the disks are presented in the pool.


Unless it is possible to do everything you need from the browser without any proprietary extensions, I think it will not be possible. You should try with Firefox or Chromium.

Zoom only provides x86 builds of their meeting client application, so you won't be able to run it on Raspberry Pi devices, which are ARM.


Ubuntu Desktop 20.04: Prevent the display from turning off

Under System Settings -> Power there should be two settings called "Dim Screen When Inactive" which is a toggle switch and "Blank Screen" which selects a time before the screen is turned off.
If you do not wish to have the screen turned off after a period of inactivity, you should disable this setting.


problem with installing ubuntu along with windows 7

Do you want to install alongside windows or whave ubuntu contained within? I don't believe wubi is supported any longer for 13.10 and up, however you may get it to work with some tinkering.

You can try:

Installing ubuntu alongside windows to a seperate partition.
Running ubuntu from a virtual drive within windows using software such as virtualbox.

Good luck.


https://github.com/mid-kid/r8822be

Try this, I have a Lenovo 530s with rtl8822be and it works for me. You should be root user.

After install remember to run the command sudo apt-get update.

Sometimes you should install twice.

After the first install, if it doesn't work, run the command ./make clean and install again.


Is it safe to install outdated intel Linux Graphics Installer for 14.04.4?

I wouldn't hesitate to try it, if I were in your place.  There is no part of the Linux system that depends on prioritized drivers for one video card over another.  In the best case, you see an improvement.  At worst, things perform more poorly and you can simply uninstall.

Good luck to you.


Connection closed by 127.0.0.1 port 45030 [preauth]

Answer is there in my case (nagios check_ssh connects but do not authenticate):

https://support.microfocus.com/kb/doc.php?id=7014539


E: Problem syncing the file - sync (30: Read-only file system)

Try to connect this HDD to another working system. Then edit yout fstab file on HDD (mount all partitions with rw permissions).
Also you may have this problem if your external HDD have hardware button with access/backup or programable functions. In this case you must unlock or disable security on HDD first.


Trouble getting a bridge working with GNOME Boxes

Update:
I got it working. (On the same day, but forgot to circle back here and report back).

Note: read the answer above first

The setup is not exactly smooth and rather plagued by errors - especially when compared with virtualbox, which just works out of the box, as it were.

Anyway, to avoid repeating myself, I'm picking up from where I was when I kept getting the error I posted in the question above.
In my case, /etc/qemu/bridge.conf didn't even exist, so I had to create both the directory and the file myself.

The error returned boils down to permissions. Make sure the file has the read bit turned on.

sudo touch /etc/qemu/bridge.conf # If the file does not exist yet
sudo chmod u+r /etc/qemu/bridge.conf

Note: the file should contain a line indicating which bridge interfaces are allowed.

allow virbr0 # according to your qemu command

or, alternatively,

allow all

You also want to make sure the /usr/lib/qemu/qemu-brdige-helper has the setuid bit set.

sudo chmod u+s $(locate -r /usr/.*/qemu-bridge-helper$)

So far so good, but it still wouldn't work, returning socket-related errors. And it's because of apparmor, which is blocking communication - source: a comment on this post.

ln -s /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.libvirtd /etc/apparmor.d/disable/

apparmor_parser -R /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.libvirtd

This ultimately did the trick.


You can try, but it will fail immediately after processing the upgrade starts. The pre-flight checks determine you can't be upgraded and display this message:
Sorry, no more upgrades for this system

There will not be any further Ubuntu releases for this system's
'i386' architecture.

Updates for Ubuntu 18.04 will continue until April 2023.

I just tested in an i386 18.04 container.