404 Not Found for Greek Language installation

The file you're looking for is simply not there. From what I can see from http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/ there's a newer version there - which probably means that the repository lists on your systems are outdated.

You will want to update your repository lists - run the command apt-get update from a command line, then try installing language support again - this should let you download the latest version of the files, and everything should work


Asus laptop fans constantly on, Ubuntu 16

Installing the latest nvidia drivers and restarting made it work in the end. I also removed acpi=off from my boot parameters.


Can't delete folder with ? in permissions

Not sure if this helps but I once had a very similar problem. Turned out the file manager RANGER could handle it (not sure why)

Ranger is not user friendly, basically launch it via command line (ranger, once its installed) and then use arrow keys (or vim keys) to navigate to the folder you are trying to delete, press 'Shift d' (uppercase D) and then hit enter, should remove the folder)

good luck :)


Importing a Python module works from command line, but not from PyCharm

As ByteCommander said in a comment, PyCharm doesn't use bashrc, so it doesn't know where your library is.

In the same screen where you added the interpreter you can see a wheel icon, click it, it will show you a menu, click on more. You should see a screen like this:

You should select your interpreter and click on the last button. This should open this window:

Now clicking on the plus icon you should be able to add your own paths for libraries.


How to configure ubuntu 14.04 to run Icewm as default desktop display Manager

I assume that you're using LightDM as "login manager"? You can edit the file /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf to contain:

[SeatDefaults]
user-session=icewm-session

or

[SeatDefaults]
user-session=IceWM

An explanation of the differences between icewm-session and IceWM can be found in the IceWM FAQ:

"Beginning with IceWM 1.2.13 there is a binary icewm-session. This binary helps you to handle all IceWM subparts (icewmbg, icewm, icewmtray, startup, shutdown started in this order). Therefore you can use icewm-session to start IceWM. icewm now starts only window manager itself."


https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BroadcomSTA%28Wireless%29

This may help.  If it is anything like my 1501, DO NOT install the restricted WIFI driver.  That crashed Ubuntu.

Follow the steps under Install with Internet first.  You have to uninstall the other drivers if present then install the right drivers above it.


Fonts skewed on top bar when using Radiance

I had the same problem (on 12.04.3) and it turned out to be a font antialiasing issue. I switched it from Rgba to Grayscale (using gnome-tweak-tool, but Ubuntu Tweak will undoubtedly have an option for that as well) and the fuzzy colored edges went away. So far, I haven't been able to detect any adverse effect of switching this setting (i.e. noticeably ugly fonts elsewhere in the DE).

Oh, and you need to hover over/click on the top bar text labels for the change to take effect. Or at least I did :) Good luck!


Choppy video playback with vimeo and youtube

Try running this in Terminal (Applications->Accessories->Terminal): sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree and restart Firefox.

To make it work in Chrome, sudo cp /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so /opt/google/chrome/plugins/ and restart Chrome.


No GUI, No internet connection, please help 12.04

I'm assuming that the questions are:

Can I download and install the driver for my wifi network card?
Is there another way (outside of wifi )to update Ubuntu?

I also recently installed the server version of 12.04. I think the answer to your questions are:

You need to tell us what wifi network card your Toshiba has. The most important thing is the chipset. But the problem here is that even if there was a wifi card driver that you could download, you're using wifi. So the answer would be no. I suggest trying a wired ethernet connection.
The answer is yes. Use wireless ethernet. Honestly, @Mahesh's suggestion is the best for you. You can always install those server components later.


How do I make custom bootsplash and wallpapers

1 - Edit /etc/lightdm/unity-greeter.conf and change "background" value:

background=/usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png

or you can try this: @Webupd8

2 - You can try Zorin Splash Screen Manager: @Webupd8, making a copy of the current theme (located at /lib/plymouth/themes/), changing it at your needs and installing it.

3 - I think the theme used to boot is the same used in shutdown...


My audio volume gets automatically increased to its maximum after 2 seconds

I'm guessing it might be a similar problem as the one I dealt with and provided a solution for previously in Audio volume doesn't change in any case, please check if
pactl load-module module-alsa-sink control=PCM

creates a new device in pavucontrol (the pulseaudio volume manager) and adjusting the new output volume behaves correctly.


Ciso, small tool, doesn't have too many features but it get the job done (at least that's what they advise:

sudo apt-get install ciso

  Tool to convert Sony PSP iso to ciso

To convert to ISO:

ciso 0 infile.cso outfile.iso

To convert to CSO:

ciso X infile.iso outfile.cso

(X is compression level between 1 and 9).


Suported hardware (i.e. trackpad) and streaming? ASUS Zenbook UX305CA

I recently installed 16.04 on a ASUS UX303UA. Everything I have tried so far has worked, except for one small glitch, which is that sometimes the wifi doesn't come back on after suspend. I've fixed that by adding a little script to the power management directory which works all the time.

I am just getting into configuring gestures. Right out of the box the ones I care about work, which are 2 finger scroll and two finger right click. Pinch to zoom doesn't seem to work as far as I can tell (and I could be wrong) but I don't care for it anyway (I never use it on my Macbook). Two finger scroll works better on 16.04 than it does on Win 10, especially because it doesn't do weird stuff Win 10 does like go to the switcher or the window background sometimes because it thought you swiped with 3 or 4 fingers instead of scrolling with 2 fingers.

As far as your Spotify question goes, I can't help - I've never used Spotify (I am pretty entrenched in the Google ecosystem). Sound works fine, I can play Youtube videos or listen to music on Google Play and it works as well as it does on Win 10. Casting music and video to my Chromecast works perfectly.

I would suggest that you put 16.04 on a USB stick and boot it up on your Zenbook and see how it works for you. I did that for a few days and I found it to be more pleasant to use than Win 10 was (the thing where it would sometimes go to the background window on a 2 finger scroll was making me crazy!) so I installed it dual boot with Win 10. So far the only reason I have found to need to boot Win 10 was to sync my Garmin watch. Once I finished that I went right back to 16.04

Hope this helps!


To install Adobe Flash Player in Ubuntu 13.04,  just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer


Google Chrome is crashing a fresh install of Ubuntu 14.04.03

May not be Chrome. Youtube crashing my browsers no matter what I am running. Might be an issue with adobe update but not sure.


Ubuntu desktop GNOME "no Internet connection" on 19.04

If you wish for Network Manager to control networking, rather than netplan, remove the existing netplan file:
sudo rm /etc/netplan/*.yaml

Create a new file:
sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

Add the following:
# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

Netplan is very specific about spacing, indentation, etc. Please proofread carefully twice. Save and exit nano.
After making these changes, do:
sudo netplan generate
sudo netplan apply

then
sudo service network-manager restart

or
sudo systemctl restart network-manager

It may ultimately take a reboot.


How do I setup dual monitors with workspace on only one monitor?

This isn't possible at the moment unfortunately. But an advanced multi-monitor support for is planned for Ubuntu 12.04. First previews were shown at the Ubuntu Developer Summit 1-2 weeks ago.


Running .desktop files starts the terminal

The problem was the line Terminal=true.

I got it to work now. I added %U to the end of the exec line and then changed the terminal to false. Now it works like it should. Thank you @cipricus for helping me and leading me in the right direction. The modified script is as follows:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Cura
Comment=Cura
Icon=/home/AlphaGenius/Pictures/cura.png
Exec="/home/AlphaGenius/cura.AppImage" %U
Terminal=false
Categories=Cura;Design
Name[en_US]=Cura.desktop


Grep - show the whole line when search found with search term of special characters

Your shell is parsing the $db as a variable and it's probably expanding to nothing. Change the double quotes to single quotes so grep gets the literal input.


How to totally remove the whole root administrator thing?

Unfortunately, some folders have to have certain owners and permissions to make Ubuntu work. You can, however, just run the file browser as root. In Xubuntu, the file browser is thunar. So, running sudo thunar will let you do anything in the file browser as root.

If you want a way to run Thunar as root without typing anything, you can go to /usr/share/applications and open thunar.desktop with Gedit. Edit the Exec=... to read Exec=sudo .... You're going to have to run Thunar as root to edit this file. After saving it, make a link to it on the desktop, and you'll have your file browser running as root. You can even pin it to the launcher. If you need help with anything comment.

Be warned: Running Thunar as root is very dangerous. Use it with caution.


13.10 session-fallback-mode clock day/seconds

You can try to set a custom-format with the gsettings command.
1) Open a Terminal window Ctrl+Alt+T and type:

gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.datetime time-format custom
gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.datetime custom-time-format '%A %l:%M:%S %p'

In this example I set %A %l:%M:%S %p
Explanation:
    %a     locale's abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Tue)
    %A     locale's full weekday name (e.g., Tuesday)
    %l     hour, space padded ( 1..12)
    %M     minute (00..59)
    %S     second (00..60)
    %p     locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known

If you want locale's abbreviated weekday instead a full weekday name... you should replace the %A for %a.
More info in the date man pages.
Before:

After:

EDIT:
As Saurav Kumar says... this link might be helpful to create your custom string.
http://www.foragoodstrftime.com/

Hope this helps.


if it is from NVIDIA follow this:

Reboot
In grub select Ubuntu and click 'E'
Where is 'quiet splash' write to 'quiet splash nouveau.modeset=0'
Click F10 to save and boot.

If this worked you must make this changes permanent by doing:

Open terminal
do sudo nano /etc/default/grub
Add the same params in line with "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT"
Exit nano doing Ctrl+X + Y + Enter (your keybinds can be different)
do sudo update-grub

This must work if is nvidia problem.


How to install an older version of Transmission?

If you download the source, you can compile it using:

./configure --prefix=/opt
make
sudo make install


Gave up waiting for root file system device, in Ubuntu 18.04

Check if you have cryptsetup installed on your system, it might have been removed by running apt-get autoremove. More info.


What is the difference between /: and : in vi?

Are you referring to vi commands?

Typing : in the vi command prompt means that you are going to write vi commands. For instance:

:x == save and exit

:w == save,

:q == quit,

:s/// == search and replace, etc.

Typing / means performing a search. So /: means that you are searching for an instance of ":" (colon) in your file.


Are the field names localized in the file /var/lib/dpkg/status?

No, they are never localised but always in English.


Avoid losing data when installing Ubuntu

When you install Ubuntu, using a bootable USB with Ubuntu on it. You will have different choices. Choose install ubuntu alongside Windows. Be sure you have enough room for Ubuntu. Nevertheless, you better should take a backup of your files, just to be sure. There can always go something wrong, like GRUB being missinstalled or boot-problems etc. I have done it multiple times without problems. But the first time is allways a bit tricky.

But in theory it should be possible.


You can always run a jar file by doing java -jar JMerise.jar.

However, to make the jar file itself executable, you need to set the executable bit, as the message hints. chmod +x /home/aimad/Programms/jMerise/JMerise.jar will accomplish this.

After that you can do ./JMerise.jar to run it.

man chmod will provide you with information about how chmod works.

Also see: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Security/ExecutableBit


Windows turns of the wifi card  when it's shut down. When you start Ubuntu you have to toggle the wifi card (there should be a button or switch) and then reboot.  Also, make sure that "enable wireless" has a check next to it in the drop down menu from the icon in the top left. That should take care of the wifi issue.

Which version of Ubuntu are you trying to install? I noticed on 11.10 that everything went way smoother if I didn't select for additional drivers and updates to be installed during the OS's installation. So, try a plain install and add everything else after the update once you first boot.


Fixing unbootable installation on LVM root from Desktop LiveCD

You hit the problem right on the head: the initramfs does not have LVM support. Here's how to fix it:

Boot the LiveCD again
Install lvm2 again in the Live environment
Bring up the Volume Group (if -a y does not work try -a yes)

vgchange -a y

Get the root LV, /boot, and /dev mounted under the separate tree

mkdir /newroot
mount /dev/yourVG/rootLV /newroot
mount /dev/yourbootpartition /newroot/boot
mount -o bind /dev /newroot/dev

Copy the needed packages into the /newroot tree

cp /var/cache/apt/archives/*deb /newroot/tmp/

Chroot into the new tree and install the packages

chroot /newroot
cd /tmp
dpkg -i *.deb

At this point, things should be back to normal (since the initramfs will be regenerated when lvm2 is installed). If not, you can play with running update-initramfs -u inside the chroot.


Unformatted USB stick, access from console?

Turns out, the system was running for some time and apparently the current kernel modules were accidentally uninstalled.

After doing an apt-get install linux-image-4.8.0-XX for the currently running kernel it just worked.


For what wine does not it work well with ubuntu 12.04?

Try to use the latest wine version, use clean wineprefix, set the correct winearch architecture (12.04x64 comes with two wine versions) before wineprefix is created and of course check winehq database.


Where is .deb package location after I run apt dist-upgrade on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

The reason why you can't find the .deb file in the /var/cache/apt/archives/ directory is because it isn't there anymore.
The locate command finds it because locate does not look at the actual directory contents but works from a cache.
From man locate:

locate  reads one or more databases prepared by updatedb(8) and writes file names matching at least one of the PATTERNs to standard output, one per line.
By  default,  locate does not check whether files found in database still exist (but it does require all parent directories to exist if the database was built with --require-visibility no). locate can never report files created after the most recent update of the relevant data‐base.

To update the database cache, run this command:
sudo updatedb

updatedb  creates  or updates a database used by locate(1).  If the database already exists, its data is reused to avoid rereading directories that have not changed.

This should sort out the locate command finding files that no longer exist.

EDIT
For the /var/cache/apt/archives/ files not existing, maybe you run a clean command after running the sudo apt-get dist upgrade command.
Any of these commands will automatically clean out the /var/cache/apt/archives/ directory.
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoclean

Source: Cleaning out var/cache/apt


sudo apt-get install gdebi

Then download vivaldi and do:

sudo gdebi vivaldi-stable_1.9.818.50-1_amd64.deb

Same for google chrome:

gdebi google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb


Acces ecryptfs home folder of other local Linux installation?

You wont need to authenticate yourself as an Elementary OS user from Ubuntu or as an Ubuntu user from Elementary OS.  You just have to have the same UID on both systems.  Then, mounting the file system under either OS will allow you to have regular user access.

If you want the files to always be accessible, create an /etc/fstab entry for each of the operating systems from within the each other operating system.  Here's an overly long explanation of how to do that: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Fstab

Also, you would need to create a new directory under each OS where the home directory can be mounted for the other.

If the systems have different user IDs, you could add a new user account to each operating system.  Either redundantly set your passwords for each system manually, or create a new user account on each system and copy the password line from /etc/shadow of one system into /etc/shadow of the other.  But be extremely careful that you only copy the one line.  Screw this file up and you'll have to boot up in recovery mode to fix your passwords.


How do I find the current stable kernel (HWE) for 14.04.2?

LTS "point releases" often ship the latest hardware enablement stack. These are the Kernel, X server and graphics driver versions from the latest non-LTS, backported to the LTS. This allows people to keep using the same old software, supported for a long time, but with modern hardware support (and performance boosts from newer drivers/kernel/etc).

But these improvements aren't automatic. 14.04 users have to opt-in with something like:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-utopic xserver-xorg-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-utopic

These meta-packages either install packages alongside (ie kernels) or replace older versions with provides metadata, in a way that stock 14.04 wouldn't auto-upgrade to. This is why linux-image-generic still points to the stock [but maintained] 14.04 Kernel version.

Getting back to your question, to get the latest version —and keep getting regular updates— you need to install the latest HWE meta-package. These are keyed to the release they represent so there isn't a nice automated way of achieving this; you have to rub some brain cells together. Currently the latest is Utopic (Vivid should be here soonish) so for now, you can just run:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-utopic

Though I'd probably recommend taking X and your graphics drivers along for the ride too.


How to find the built-in bluetooth adapter in Toshiba satellite c55-896 laptop

The problem is that linux-firmware package does not contain firmware required by this module. It is shown by Patch file not found ar3k/AthrBT_0x31010100.dfu.

This can be fixed by installing linux-firmware package that has the firmware. Run in terminal

wget https://launchpad.net/~hanipouspilot/+archive/ubuntu/rtlwifi/+files/linux-firmware_1.144%2Bar3012_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware*.deb

Your bluetooth should work after reboot.

Update I sent this firmware to linux-firmware maintainers and it has been added. Sooner or later it will get into Ubuntu repos.


How to install updates via command line?

Use this:

sudo apt update        # Fetches the list of available updates
sudo apt upgrade       # Installs some updates; does not remove packages
sudo apt full-upgrade  # Installs updates; may also remove some packages, if needed
sudo apt autoremove    # Removes any old packages that are no longer needed

Documentation about each apt option can be found in the the manpages for apt. These are also available by running man apt in your terminal.

Use of both upgrade and full-upgrade together is usually not needed, but it may help in some cases: see Debian documentation about Upgrades from Debian 9.


How to remove this "grey area" from the window corner in Kubuntu 20.04?

My OS is Kubuntu 20.04.
I got this ugly "grey area" on the top corner of window. No matter what theme I use, this "grey effect" remains there.

Re. "No matter what theme I use", I don't see an ugly "grey area" with the Breeze, Breeze Dark, or Kubuntu Global Themes supplied with Kubuntu 20.04.
No ugly grey area with default themes

Your image indicates you're using themes obtained from elsewhere, perhaps the KDE Store. Please contact the developer(s) of those themes and ask that the issue be fixed.


What causes the deviation in the wmctrl window move command

What's happening is that wmctrl is returning the geometry of the window inside the decorations (i.e. not including the title bar and borders) but is using the larger window position for the move.

(Some command output lines removed : xdotool might not be installed)

$ wmctrl -lG
0x04000040  0 702  23   900  950  KMatrix dave@KMatrix: test – Konsole

$ xdotool getwindowgeometry 0x04000040
Window 67108928
  Position: 702,23 (screen: 0)
  Geometry: 900x950

The next command prompts for the window of interest and returns the parent window which includes all the decorations and varies depending on the window theme in use.

$ xdotool selectwindow
25166060

$ xdotool getwindowgeometry 0x18000ec
Window 25166060
  Position: 700,0 (screen: 0)
  Geometry: 904x977

As you can see, it's a different window; the X position starts 2px to the left (702-2) and the total width is larger by 4px (900+2+2) because the right border is also 2px.
Y is higher (above the top border, if any, and the title bar); height is larger because of all of that plus the bottom border.

wmctrl moves the parent window to the desired [X,Y] position of the child window; width and height are applied correctly to the child, as shown in the "before & after" below.

$ wmctrl -lG
0x04000040  0 702  23   900  950  KMatrix dave@KMatrix: test – Konsole

$ xdotool getwindowgeometry 0x18000ec   # (PARENT)
Window 25166060
  Position: 700,0 (screen: 0)
  Geometry: 904x977

$ xdotool getwindowgeometry 0x04000040  # (CHILD)
Window 67108928
  Position: 702,23 (screen: 0)
  Geometry: 900x950

$ wmctrl -ir 0x04000040 -e 0,702,23,900,950   # <----- "MOVE/RESIZE" *****

$ wmctrl -lG
0x04000040  0 704  46   900  950  KMatrix dave@KMatrix: test – Konsole

$ xdotool getwindowgeometry 0x18000ec   # (PARENT)
Window 25166060
  Position: 702,23 (screen: 0)    <----- Desired [X,Y] applied to parent
  Geometry: 904x977

$ xdotool getwindowgeometry 0x04000040  # (CHILD)
Window 67108928
  Position: 704,46 (screen: 0)
  Geometry: 900x950               <----- Desired [W,H] applied to child

Edit: additional info.

Desktop geometry, Viewport & Workarea

$ wmctrl -d    # (KDE)
0  * DG: 1680x1050  VP: 0,0  WA: 0,0 1680x1015  Desktop 1

$ xdotool -v
xdotool version 3.20140217.1

https://github.com/jordansissel/xdotool

Re: @Sneetsher tip in comments

$ xprop | grep FRAME
_KDE_NET_WM_FRAME_STRUT(CARDINAL) = 2, 2, 23, 4
_NET_FRAME_EXTENTS(CARDINAL) = 2, 2, 23, 4


It seems that you need to install the Ubuntu package libcurl3 to provide the shared object file (=library) that the command complains about missing. Install it either through the Software Center or by writing sudo apt-get install libcurl3 in a terminal window (it will ask for your password to be able to install the program onto the system).

Is there any particular reason that you have not installed the boinc package that comes with Ubuntu, by the way? If it were me, I would prefer to have updates coming in for a program that turns my computer into a work node that executes code that I can't really verify for myself. :-)


How to escape @ symbol in enviroment file?

Lets say that the password is 123@456. In that case, the correct wat to escape the @ symbol is this:

http_proxy="http://userName:123%40456@proxy:port/"
https_prxoxy=same_as_above

I've only replaced the @ with its ASCII hexadecimal representation (%40)


I believe your issue may be in the fact that the updates for Avast! come in big blocks of data, too large for Ubuntu's default shmmax.

ShmMax is the maximum amount of shared memory any given process can have, and while it's probably not big enough for pretty much everything, single big temporary downloads (like those for applying big updates) means avast! usually wants more, and exits with an Update Engine Error.

If this is the error you are getting, then you can fix it through editing some files. Here's what to do:

Fire up terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and enter gksudo gedit /etc/init.d/rcS.
Once gedit loads up with the file (You'll need to enter the sudo password) you need to add in sysctl -w kernel.shmmax=128000000 right before the line exec /etc/init.d/rc S. Make sure you get these in the right order, new line first, then old - you might otherwise really screw your computer over.
Now, because you've just edited Kernel settings you'll need to reboot, as these settings load pretty early on in the boot process and can't be re-loaded except on a reboot. Reboot and run the update again and you should have a working Avast! for Linux installation!


Not abled to install Ubuntu 20.04lts in my Acer aspire PC!

i think was your problem try it.
1.Install Ubuntu (it worked with 18.04 and 20.04) from a USB drive.
2.Enter UEFI (BIOS) with F2 once Acer appears
3.Make sure a security management password is set, so to enable several of the functions, and that Secure Boot is enabled (initially, for same reason) in the Boot tab.
4.In Security tab, execute "Restore Secure Boot to Factory Default", then reboot once more into UEFI/BIOS with F2
5.Back to Security tab, enter "Select an UEFI as Trusted for Executing", HDD0 (or change if other drive), ../ Ubuntu / grub64x.efi, Yes.
6.In Boot tab, disable Secure Boot

F10 to save and exit.

Hopefully, this should work.
original post is here check it out
Ubuntu is not booting on acer aspire laptop


Ubuntu 12.04 not loading in Virtual Box on Mac OS X 10.8.3

You don't have to reboot after those commands. Reboot is only required after installing a new kernel, and that does not happen on an upgrade - only on a dist-upgrade.

First, take a snapshot of the virtual machine, while it is running:

either click on the camera in the VirtualBox GUI,
or press the virtual machine window's "close" button and then "Save the machine state".

Then, shut down the machine via the Ubuntu interface (not the VirtualBox menus, nor the virtual machine's close button).

Finally, check whether you can reboot. If you can't, restore the snapshot (click on the icon with the ^ symbol in the VirtualBox GUI) and start the machine.


How to update ubuntu 12.04 through squid proxy server at my university?

try to edit /etc/apt/apt.conf like this

Acquire::http::proxy "http://'proxy':'port'/";
Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://'proxy':'port'/";


How can I use pitch and speed control for audio CDs?

If you can import your sound file in Audacity, you will have, in "Effects" menu, a "change speed " function : you can precisely set speed  to any percent between -100 and +400 .
Or  with mplayer and speed option,    command line would be :
mplayer -speed 0.97 soundfile.mp3


Have a look into

  /var/log/landscape-server/

directory. It contains multiple log files that should help point to the problem.

Install is pretty simple, https://help.landscape.canonical.com/

sudo add-apt-repository -u ppa:landscape/17.03
sudo apt-get install landscape-server-quickstart

I have just deployed that on 16.04 LTS and it works fine. I also run sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade -y

Hope this will help.
Thanks


Fill your name Server into /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head
the content like this (samples):

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

Then in shell command type : #>sudo resolvconf -u this is resolve my problem


Why I cannot use the Fn + (up) to control the brightness?

I am in no way an expert but my best guess is that in windows that would work through a Lenovo driver that "translates" (sorry if this is not the correct term) the key combination to the change in brightness.

If my assumption is correct, you might be able to use xbacklight -set 40 (where "40" represents the percentage of brightness - you can change this to whatever you want see here for more details) and assign you key binding of choice to it.

EDIT: The above will set the backlight temporarily. If you want this permanent, you need to add this to start up (see link above). If you want to increase the brightness by, say 10% you can use xbacklight -inc 10 or xbacklight -dec 10 to decrease it.

Unfortunately I am not sure how to set the keybindings and I don't want to misinform you , but the "Custom Shortcuts" section here might be a good place to start.

Hope this helps.


Keyboard shortcut to open sound preferences?

On the command line, you can start the control settings with the command gnome-control-center. As such, man gnome-control-center provides information on how the program can be started. For you, the Sound panel can be automatically opened with the command

gnome-control-center sound

Thus, in Settings - Devices - Keyboard, create a new shortcut key, and assign this command to it.


What methods did you try? Can you try this instruction http://www.pyimagesearch.com/2015/06/22/install-opencv-3-0-and-python-2-7-on-ubuntu/


Set "Remote desktop" host server remotely

Install x11vnc on the remote computer and then punch something like this in on your local computer:

ssh user@host -L 5900:localhost:5900 "x11vnc -display :0 -noxdamage"

Then connect to localhost on your local computer with your VNC client. The local port 5900 will be tunnelled over the SSH connection (which is now running x11vnc).

Simple!


How do you make a systemd service for autostarting RemoteLauncher at boot?

What worked was just adding /usr/bin/remote-launcher-server as a Startup Application. (I don't know why I was making it so hard.)


How to force ubuntu to Fix root directory without interacting with user while booting up?

Use the -a argument.

fsck /dev/sdaX -a -p

$ man fsck

Taken from the man pages:

   Options  to  different filesystem-specific fsck's are not standardized.
   If in doubt, please consult the man pages  of  the  filesystem-specific
   checker.   Although not guaranteed, the following options are supported
   by most filesystem checkers:

   -a     Automatically repair the filesystem without any  questions  (use
          this  option with caution).  Note that e2fsck(8) supports -a for
          backward compatibility only.  This option is mapped to  e2fsck's
          -p  option  which is safe to use, unlike the -a option that some
          filesystem checkers support.

   -n     For some filesystem-specific checkers, the -n option will  cause
          the fs-specific fsck to avoid attempting to repair any problems,
          but simply report such problems to stdout.  This is however  not
          true  for  all  filesystem-specific  checkers.   In  particular,
          fsck.reiserfs(8) will not report any corruption  if  given  this
          option.  fsck.minix(8) does not support the -n option at all.

   -r     Interactively  repair  the  filesystem  (ask for confirmations).
          Note: It is generally a bad idea to use this option if  multiple
          fsck's  are  being  run  in  parallel.   Also  note that this is
          e2fsck's default behavior; it supports this option for  backward
          compatibility reasons only.

   -y     For  some filesystem-specific checkers, the -y option will cause
          the fs-specific fsck to  always  attempt  to  fix  any  detected
          filesystem corruption automatically.  Sometimes an expert may be
          able to do better driving the fsck manually.  Note that not  all
          filesystem-specific checkers implement this option.  In particu‐
          lar fsck.minix(8) and  fsck.cramfs(8)  do  not  support  the  -y
          option as of this writing.

The quick help screen shows:

Emergency help:
 -p                   Automatic repair (no questions)
 -n                   Make no changes to the filesystem
 -y                   Assume "yes" to all questions
 -c                   Check for bad blocks and add them to the badblock list
 -f                   Force checking even if filesystem is marked clean
 -v                   Be verbose
 -b superblock        Use alternative superblock
 -B blocksize         Force blocksize when looking for superblock
 -j external_journal  Set location of the external journal
 -l bad_blocks_file   Add to badblocks list
 -L bad_blocks_file   Set badblocks list

Other related items:

the /etc/fstab calls the /etc/init.d/checkfs.sh for it's checking.  You can edit that file to give it the parameters you want.

Check these blocks:

[ "$fscheck" = yes ] && log_warning_msg "Fast boot enabled, so skipping file system check."

if [ "$fscheck" = yes ] && [ ! "$BAT" ] && [ "$FSCKTYPES" != "none" ]


Make Gimp default for xcf files, not Krita

Assuming Ubuntu, you can simply navigate to an xcf file and right-click it.
And select Properties (Ctrl+i) then Open With then Set as Default.


That URL you have there is bad (perhaps even malicious ?) - note that you have

http://donwload.vidoelan.org/
         ^^        ^^

Which is incorrect - it should be https://download.videolan.org/, which does work, whereas the one you have just gives an empty page.

You need to remove this repository. To do so, open the "Software sources" utility (find it in the dash), go to the "Other software tab", and, if there's an entry for Videolan (or Vidoelan..), uncheck it.


netstat -ln output on an ec2 instance (ubuntu ami)

Foreign Address is the remote machine name or IP that is connected to 127.0.0.1:8080


nginx 502 bad gateway for 1 minute after restart

I think and executed you site  and the page displayed the 502 bad gateway message. This helped me:

 - Edit /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
 - Change listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock to listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
 - Ensure the location is set properly in nginx.conf.

location ~ \.php$ {
  fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
  fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  fastcgi_index index.php;
  include fastcgi_params;
}
 - Run sudo service php5-fpm restart

So maybe it will help you.

Link Source: https://wildlyinaccurate.com/solving-502-bad-gateway-with-nginx-php-fpm/


Details about customizing the guest session can be found here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CustomizeGuestSession

I would suppose that the "Special purpose user" section would be useful for you.


App installed in ~/usr launches from terminal but not Applications menu (or why does setting ld_library_path in .profile not work as it should)

Create a file for it:

sudo vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/my_application.conf

And the contents of that file:

/home/jim/usr/lib

Save. Rebuild the cache:

sudo ldconfig -v


Yes and no.

There is nothing in Déjà Dup which makes it specifically aware of Dropbox. On the other hand, Déjà Dup can be pointed to a local path, so there is always the option of running your backups towards a path within the Dropbox folder.

As always will should test that you actually can restore, preferably from another computer connected to the same Dropbox, in case the Dropbox sync somehow screws up the backup directory. Not that it should, but you should test and verify nevertheless.


OK, so do these things:

sudo echo "PATH=~/.bin:$PATH" >> /home/[username]/.bashrc
sudo mkdir /home/[username]/.bin/
sudo echo "fortune | cowsay   # Or whatever command you want to run" > /home/[username]/.bin/wall
sudo chmod 755 /home/[username]/.bin/wall

That way, whenever [username] runs the command wall he'll get the output of fortune | cowsay.  Not an alias, but good enough.


Why is my Ubuntu partition louder than my Windows partition

It could be due to some physical hard drive properties. For example, if you hard drive layout is like this:

/dev/sda1 -> NTFS
/dev/sda2 -> ext3/4
/dev/sda3 -> swap

and your ext3/4 partition is fairly empty and the swap partition is being used, then the hard drive head would need to jump between two physical locations on the disk.

Also, the NTFS fragments, which means that when you write files, it'll choose the first empty area and when that's filled, it will go to the next empty area (or hole) on the disk. This means that the hard drive head only moves in one direction; once that empty area is filled, it goes on to the next, but it doesn't go backwards.

ext3/4 partitions don't fragment [very much]. When you write a file to an ext3/4 partition, it'll will try to find an area where the file can fit into a continuous empty area. This means that it will have to scan the disk for empty areas before writing to it.

Please note that I didn't research what I said above, so it could be all wrong :)

Oh yeah, if by louder, you mean that the motor spins faster, and not the clicking sound, then that's probably because your Ubuntu partition is located closer to the center of the platter than the Windows partition is. The disk needs to spin faster to read/write the same amount of data in a given amount of time towards the center than the outside.


Background not changing using gsettings from cron

Editing gsettings from cron; missing environment variable
If you run the script from your own environment (e.g. from a terminal window or from Startup Applications), a number of environment variables will be set. cron however runs your script with a limited set of environment variables.
To edit gsettings successfully from cron, you need to set the DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS environment variable. You can do that by adding two lines to your script, as described here (and below).
Your script, including setting the needed variable
The script from here, edited to include the DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS environment variable, then becomes:
#!/bin/bash

PID=$(pgrep gnome-session)
export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=$(grep -z DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /proc/$PID/environ|cut -d= -f2-)

DIR="/home/indra/Pictures/wallpapers"
PIC=$(ls $DIR/* | shuf -n1)
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri "file://$PIC"

Related: Running .sh every 5 minutes


I'm going to say both via the Software Center or the webbrowser,it depends on the add on.

If you want to keep on the outside of the envelope, use the built-in add on manager. Add ons installed this way will be updated frequently, and you will get major version updates.
If you prefer a bit of stability, use the ones from the repositories. They are (mostly) very heavily tested and pretty much guaranteed to work really well.

Add Ons installed from the repositories are not updated between major versions, they only get security and bugfix updates. This is a big plus for stability.

The ones provided by canonical are also eligible for canonical's enterprise support, if you're interested in that sort of thing.

Needless to say, anything that is operating-system dependent (e.g. ubufox) should be installed from the repositories. The same goes for security-related add ons (even though the only one I can think of is pwdhash). There's no harm (at all) in installing all else via the add on manager.

How can I migrate well from my former add-ons without losing all my preferences?

If you just remove the items from the software centre, your preferences should be kept. But the add on needs to be aware of previous settings, so it may not always work.


nvidia-settings crashing after selecting a display

I will suggest try this:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358
sudo reboot

For more details, refer to my thread

This is how it looks like in my system

root@ashu-700-430qe:/var/opt# dpkg -l | grep nvidia
ii  nvidia-358                                            358.16-0ubuntu0~gpu14.04.2                          amd64        NVIDIA binary driver - version 358.16
ii  nvidia-opencl-icd-358                                 358.16-0ubuntu0~gpu14.04.2                          amd64        NVIDIA OpenCL ICD
ii  nvidia-prime                                          0.6.2                                               amd64        Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii  nvidia-settings                                       361.28-0ubuntu0~gpu14.04.1                          amd64        Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
root@ashu-700-430qe:/var/opt#


Unable to use http://localhost after upgrading from Ubuntu 15.10 -> 16.04

Got it guys! No worries!

I came to understand that 16.04 ships with php 7.0 rather than 5.0. My guess is I had modules of php 5.0 installed for apache.

Installing php7.0 apache module:

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php7.0

Disabling php5 module, since we got no php5.0:

sudo a2dismod php5

Enabled php7 module:

sudo a2enmod php7.0

restarted apache:

sudo service apache2 restart

that's it fellas


Connect Ubuntu 14 server to the Internet

I did a little bit of research, and I found this resource here. If this resource does not help you, then you can try VirtualBox.


How can I install Ubuntu on a Macbook without affecting my existing OS X installation?

I made it last week. First install refit on mac. Tried so many times with partitioning tool in disk utility but gave an error and asked more reduce.

Anyway, due to defrag problems I gave up to continue with disk utility and I made a boot cd burning in disc utility with gparted (OS not gparted software which is in ubuntu repo) on it. Booted Gparted and made partition with it. After installing ubuntu 10.10 on this partition everythings worked fine, maybe I was lucky. But do not forget to make a full back up.

Now everthing works fine in leopard 10.6 and in ubuntu ...


Can't create a New Project or File - First Screen Empty NB 7.1.1 and 7.1.2

Weird! That might be related to memory usage, a broken JDK installation a broken LAF (Nimbus or GTK+)..Can't tell. Please provide more details. Netbeans 7.1.x works perfectly under 12.04.
When Netbeans is started, click on the red icon on right bottom. This will reveal a dialog with details about eventual startup errors. and paste it in your question.

Meanwhile can you start your netbeans using this command and tell us what the result is:

/bin/sh "/your_netbeans_home_directory/bin/netbeans -J-Dswing.aatext=true -J-Dawt.useSystemAAFontSettings=lcd --laf Metal"

What JDK do you use?
Does the same problem happen with Netbeans 7.0.1?
Did you install downloaded Netbeans using root privileges : sudo /bin/sh /netbeans-7.x-installer.sh
When you run Netbeans, How much RAM do you have left?

I'll update my answer dependently on your feedback.


Listening to incoming libnotify notifications using DBus

To keep this up to date: from dbus 1.5.something an extra parameter is required when adding a match string with bus.add_match_string_non_blocking to make sure we receive everything.

The resulting code would be the following:

import glib
import dbus
from dbus.mainloop.glib import DBusGMainLoop

def notifications(bus, message):
    print [arg for arg in message.get_args_list()]

DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True)

bus = dbus.SessionBus()
bus.add_match_string_non_blocking("eavesdrop=true, interface='org.freedesktop.Notifications', member='Notify'")
bus.add_message_filter(notifications)

mainloop = glib.MainLoop()
mainloop.run()


It's been a long time since this happened to me but I believe you need to resolve that half installed package by doing

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get update

This will try install the cached package. (util-linux)


Any tool that helps me do housekeeping on backups folder

Expanding on the tip by Andrea, duplicity might be designed to address needs closer to mine.
From http://duplicity.nongnu.org/duplicity.1.html
(the last command looks promising):

Here is an example of a backup, using sftp to back up /home/me to some_dir on the other.host machine:
    duplicity /home/me sftp://uid@other.host/some_dir

If the above is run repeatedly, the first will be a full backup, and subsequent ones will be incremental. To force a full backup, use the full action:
    duplicity full /home/me sftp://uid@other.host/some_dir

or enforcing a full every other time via --full-if-older-than <time> , e.g. a full every month:
    duplicity --full-if-older-than 1M /home/me/sftp://uid@other.host/some_dir

Upate: Today I found this interesting article
http://www.tarsnap.com/helper-scripts.html
I believe what I'm trying to achieve is this https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backup_rotation_scheme#Grandfather-father-son
The article lists some tools.
Update2: This script is interesting https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/backups-shellscripts-rotation.html


IntelliJ dependent library snapshots can't be re-added

Seems I found a temporary solution.   If I choose option from File menu:  Invalidate caches/restart

Then it works...

However feels like a very clunky solution to what I'd expect is a fairly common workflow.  Is there a better way?


i'm pretty sure that your usb drive is still connected to your laptop or else it will never show you installation prompt without an installation drive connected to the device.
if you have an issue with grub you can just fix it with grub boot loader.


Why does wine leave so much leftover data?

It is normal for a software application to require more than just one package, and when you install the main package, it causes a number of dependent packages to be installed as well.

This is the case with wine: the main package called wine doesn't even contain any code at all, it simply just has a dependent package called wine1.6 which in turn depends on a bunch of other packages.

Of these, wine1.6-amd64 and wine1.6-i386 are both around 15MB in size, which will account for around 30MB (both are required, as Windows needs to run both 64- and 32-bit Windows applications).

Then there are a bunch of other packages such as multimedia libraries and fonts.  Depending on how many of these you happened to have installed already, it could have been dozens of MB in download.

If you remove the package wine alone, you won't be removing wine - you have to remove its dependencies as well.  Luckily you should be able to do that with apt-get autoremove wine so that it removes anything that was automatically installed when you installed wine.


while trying to install Setup Oracle Java 9 as a Java Environment Variable, I ran into the an issue

Try running these commands before installing the package again.

This will remove those unused packages.

sudo apt-get autoremove

This will update and upgrade the packages.

 sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade


Cannot mount a CIFS network share over VPN

Try to add .domain to your server. i.e. //server2008.vpndomain.local/share. Use domain of your remote VPN server instead vpndomain.local


Using scp to copy files from remote to home machine

You do not need to specify your local hostname to scp a file from your university computer. What you need to do is from your home computer open a terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) and type the following command:

scp myusername@university_computer:/home/myusername/file.odt /local/destination/path/

where /local/destination/path is the local path on Felix where you wish to store the file.


Counter strike is available for linux distributions through Steam.
Try installing steam and download it from there, in case you've already bought it. A helpful link to install steam, could be worth checking out (https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/install-steam-start-gaming-linux/)

List of requirements:


What text editor will not overload my Xubuntu 13.10?

Scribes or just plain and simple gedit should do the trick on an Xubuntu


Lubuntu default keyboard shortcuts for always on top, normal, maximize

Lubuntu default shortcuts can be found at

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Keyboard#Keyboard_shortcuts

Others must be configured by each individual user.


I compiled this software successfully on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS with

sudo apt-get install git build-essential libssl-dev libpcap-dev

cd ~/Downloads
https://github.com/joswr1ght/asleap
cd asleep
make

For your information: its Makefile does not contain install procedure.

So after compilation you can use executables directly by ./asleap and ./genkeys.


gnome-shell remove shutdown/logout menu from gnome panel

this link https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/GnomeShell/Extensions/Writing provides the useful information.
For a quick workaround to remove the Poweroff/Logout Menu in the Question, do the following steps..
run the below commands to create new extension ("remove_poweroff-logout_menu@username.domain") directory and required files. change what ever the name you want replacing "remove_poweroff-logout_menu@username.domain" in below command.
run
install -D /dev/null $HOME/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/remove_poweroff-logout_menu@username.domain/extension.js

run
install -D /dev/null $HOME/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/remove_poweroff-logout_menu@username.domain/metadata.json

copy paste the below content in extension.js file
'use strict';

const Main = imports.ui.main;
const Menu = Main.panel.statusArea.aggregateMenu._system.menu;

class Extension {
    constructor() {
    }

    enable() {
    Menu.actor.remove_child(Main.panel.statusArea.aggregateMenu._system._sessionSubMenu);
    }

    disable() {
    Menu.box.insert_child_at_index(Main.panel.statusArea.aggregateMenu._system._sessionSubMenu, Main.panel.statusArea.aggregateMenu._system.menu.numMenuItems)
    }
}

function init() {
    return new Extension();
}

copy paste the below content in metadata.json file. Replace remove_poweroff-logout_menu@username.domain with the same name that you have created for the extenson's directory in below content. I have tested this extension in gnome-shell version 3.38, if you are testing different versions, you can edit shell-versions in below contents.
{
  "name": "Remove Poweroff/Logout Menu",
  "description": "Remove Poweroff/Logout Menu",
  "uuid": "remove_poweroff-logout_menu@username.domain",
  "shell-version": [
    "3.38"
  ]
}

Save the files & close..
If you are on Xorg session. you can refresh the gnome-shell with Alt+F2 r Enter method and then turn on the extension.
If you are on Wayland session. logout and login and then turn on the extension.


dpkg exit with error parsing file `/var/lib/dpkg/status`, what to do?

Lucky you! You have backups! And even more, they are made daily without you knowing! So, to restore the files just run:

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/status
sudo cp /var/backups/dpkg.status.0 /var/lib/dpkg/status
sudo apt-get update

Done!

If you need even older files there are more to choose from:

ls /var/backups/dpkg.status*
/var/backups/dpkg.status.0     /var/backups/dpkg.status.4.gz
/var/backups/dpkg.status.1.gz  /var/backups/dpkg.status.5.gz
/var/backups/dpkg.status.2.gz  /var/backups/dpkg.status.6.gz
/var/backups/dpkg.status.3.gz

Just uncompress them using gunzip:

gunzip -c /var/backups/dpkg.status.6.gz > /var/lib/dpkg/status

If the backups are no good, another way is doing a list of the doc directory contents:

sudo -i
ls /usr/share/doc | \
      grep -v [A-Z] | \
      grep -v '^texmf$' | \
      grep -v '^debian$' | \
      awk '{print $1 " install"}' | \
      dpkg --set-selections

http://www.debianhelp.co.uk/debianproblem.htm


How does one connect to a GTK signal with a dash inside it while using Quickly?

You simply do something like the following to connect to any signal. From working code:

self.event_connect_signal(classchan, 'message-received', self._message_received)


apt-get update fails to find some mirrors

The mirrors protocol has choosen the nearest mirror server, which is http://giano.com.dist.unige.it/ubuntu/. But in this case, http://giano.com.dist.unige.it/ubuntu/ failed respond with a valid response. (May be they were doing a little maintenance)

And it looks like, its up and running, by the time of this writing.

Please try again. Your problem might have got resolved. :)

This is what I got when I opened that URL from the browser.

If you see, there are two items which got last modified today.


Can't change libreoffice spell-check language

Use Synaptic, apt-get or any other package manager to install the package hunspell-de-de .

This is the spell check package for German that LibreOffice uses.
From the LO Writer menu, select Tools > Options
In the dialog, choose Language Settings > Languages
You can change your interface and locale languages to German if they are not already set, but the important one is: Default languages for documents (Western). Make sure this says German and hit OK.
Restart LO Writer.

That's it. New documents should default to German and use the German spell check.

Note that old documents will still be set to English. To change an existing document to German, from the menu: Tools > Language > For All Text > Reset to Default Language


Can I uninstall Caribou without messing up Gnome?

You can uninstall Caribou (which provides an on-screen keyboard), or (as JoZ3 has suggested) you can keep it installed but prevent it from starting up automatically (i.e., "disable" it). The latter may be preferable in that you can still run the program should you find you have use for it (without reinstalling it).

To uninstall Caribou, you can find the package called caribou in the Software Center and remove it. Make sure to heed any warnings about other packages that would have to be removed along with it...though for caribou, this is unlikely to be a problem. If there are packages that the Software Center indicates will be removed automatically when you remove Caribou, and you're not sure whether or not going through with removing Caribou would cause problems, then please post the list of packages here. In case this puts it in a more convenient form, you should be aware that you can get this information in the Terminal by running apt-get -s remove caribou. (The absence of a leading sudo is intentional.)

To disable Caribou from starting up automatically when you log in, for all users, remove the entry for caribou.desktop in the file /etc/xdg/autostart. Since that file is owned by root, you must edit it as root. One way to do that is to press Alt+F2 and run the command:

gksu gedit /etc/xdg/autostart

(This is from this forum thread, found by JoZ3.)

You might want to back up the file first, before editing it, in case you make a mistake. To do that, open a Terminal window with Ctrl+Alt+T and run the command:

sudo cp /etc/xdg/autostart /etc/xdg/autostart.old


Building initial module for 4.15.0-28-generic hangs out

Ok, so it turns out to be a problem related to virtualbox and its packages, If anyone is struggling here is the link which helped me:

Helpful link


Install TP-Link TL-WN722N on Ubuntu 10.04

The driver for that wireless card is ath9k_htc, which is already present in newer kernels.

I highly suggest that you upgrade Ubuntu, as that will upgrade the kernel too and you should find your wireless card running without doing anything. If you're worried your laptop is too old to support newer Ubuntu releases you can install Lubuntu which is a lighter "flavor" of Ubuntu that should run well on old machines.

If you don't want to upgrade Ubuntu (but I recommend you do, as Ubuntu 10.04 is really old and unsupported now) you'll have to install backports (which was previously called compat-wireless and then compat-drivers), a software that brings drivers found in new kernels in older kernels. (hence the name).


How to print only even or odd pages (HP LaserJet 1018)

If you're trying to print from libreoffice, there is an option to print left or right pages only.

Open the print dialog, then choose tle layout tab and choose the appropriate option under the page sides dropdown.

If you're printing a pdf, Document viewer has a similar option under the page setup tab of the print dialog box.


Will creating a directory inside a system directory with 777 permission cause security vulnerability?

Your question needs to be answered with NO. For it to become an issue: someone first needs to gain access to your machine. If there is no way for someone to gain access exploiting it will be impossible. You do not mention having a web server active. You do not mention this machine being connected to the internet. So the answer is no.

Still ...   WHY would you need 777 for a directory inside "/usr/share/backgrounds/? There is absolutely NO reason for it. 775 is more than enough.

And it should be noted that not using 777 is the better approach. Thing is... in 1/2 a years time you consider using a web server on your machine. Of course you totally forgot about doing setting a directory to 777 and oops it is inside your virtual host...
It would be rather easy to drop a script inside that directory that scans for files that contains the password to your MySQL server.


Shortcuts for WebStorm and IntelliJ not showing

No idea why the above is not working but simply start your JetBrains product and go to Tools -> Create Desktop Entry..
I know.
It's not creating a Desktop Entry but a shortcut/favorite in the menu bar, I mean task bar.. sorry, I mean Dock.


New to Linux screen problems after login

I have had serious problems with NVIDIA cards and Compaq machines running Linux. In my case, the default open source Ubuntu driver for NVIDIA (called Nouvea or something) was not compatable. If you can log in and open a terminal (ctrl+alt+t) and type xrandr -s 640x480 before it crashes on you, then you may be able to try running the 'additonal drivers' tool. If not...
Try this: The second you log in, press ctrl+alt+F1 which will bring you to tty1. Login with your username and password and try install the NVIDIA drivers:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

and when that is done, type sudo reboot and hopefully the new driver will fix the problem. If you can't even get far enough to do that, than you'll have to boot into recovery with networking and install the NVIDIA driver. If you need help with that let me know. Hope this helps.


If he's a friend, he probably did something of the style (as root)(1):

mv /bin/cat /bin/cat.orig
echo "echo 'cat: meow! '" > /bin/cat
chmod 755 /bin/cat

If he's less of a friend, he omitted the first line.

Asking apt-file

apt-file search -F /bin/cat

says that the package is coreutils. You can probably reinstall it, although I see it as a bit of a dangerous thing...

(1) well, I really would have added alias which="echo cat: is a siamese" to your .bashrc, but well...


Upgrading from 15.10 to 16.04 Configuring Postgresql-Common Issue

I encountered exactly the problem described (see screenshot). I finally could solve it but I cannot exactly describe "how". Playing around and resizing the "distribution upgrade" window, at some point I could make a cursor appear in the terminal. Then pressing an arrow key, I could highlight the "Ok" in red. Then I hit "enter" and the installation resumed.


Using a tethered network is when you connect your computer via usb or bluetooth to a device such as a phone and use a modem to connect to the network directly.

What I think you are doing is not tethering but instead making an ad-hoc hot-spot with your phone which allows your computer to use the phone's network as if it were a real wifi connection.

You should check to see if the wifi hot-spot you're creating is on a certain band, using a certain kind of wifi such as 802.11g/n/a which (unlikely though it might be) may ot be supported or buggy in your wifi driver. I've known wifi hot-spots to not work because the network was 802.11a (old) and the newer driver hasn't been tested with those old networks.


Firefox crashes very often - Attempting to load the system libmoon

It seems you've run into an instance of this bug:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/moon/+bug/538796

The workaround for now seems to be removing the moonlight browser
plugin:

apt-get purge moonlight-plugin-core moonlight-plugin-mozilla


Ubuntu 12.10 Crashing Compiz/Unity (not Nvidia related)

Try typing unity --reset in a terminal.

I discovered that this command doesn't work any longer but there's another way to reset Unity.

First of all install dconf-tools: sudo apt-get install dconf-tools
Then to reset Unity and Compiz:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

followed by

setsid unity

Hope this helps.


ubuntu 16.04 LTS fails with an error " an installation error occured" while pxe booting

This appears to be a bug - I reported the same question yesterday shortly after you did, and have continued to research it.  Askubuntu didn't find your question because my search-fu is weak I guess.

You'll notice in the logs that it prepended /cdrom in front of the URL you gave for the live-installer image.  Previous versions didn't do this, and I found a changelog where they claim to have stripped all occurrence of /cdrom prefixes, but it doesn't seem to be happening.  This is why I get frustrated with Ubuntu LTS releases - I thought they were supposed to be corporate oriented, but they seem to fail to test corporate type things.

I've filed a bug report at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/live-installer/+bug/1575652 - you may want to add your input there.


Modal popup showing on the wrong monitor

This is a bug which has beenreported to the developers. You can mark it as affecting you from its bug page.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/compiz/+bug/754508


Google IME for Japanese Ubuntu 18.04 (Budgie)

You need go to system settings, language input and add the Japanese language.　Logoff and then login again.  Now, add the "Japanese (Mozc) (Ibus)" input method.

See the details at: https://moritzmolch.com/2287


How do I add an additional IPv6 address to /etc/network/interfaces?

It would appear (tested with ifupdown version 0.7.53.1) that we can add several iface eth0 inet6 stanzas to the interfaces file, which is more declarative than the accepted answer. The following code instructs the ifupdown suite to use stateless autoconfiguration and two additional static IPv6 addresses for the eth0 network interface:

iface eth0 inet6 auto
iface eth0 inet6 static
  address 3ffe:ffff::dead:beef
  netmask 32
iface eth0 inet6 static
  address 3ffe:ffff::c0de:d00d
  netmask 32


copy folder to another location by excluding all sub folders that have a specific name

You are missing a - before -exclude. The correct command is:
rsync -av --progress --exclude="node_modules" source destination


How do I make Ctrl+Alt+F7 keyboard shortcut work in IntelliJ on Ubuntu 14.04

You can use Ctrl+Alt+7 (rather than Ctrl+Alt+F7) and Alt+F7. you can change the default ubuntu keymap setting by  setting->keyboard-> shortcuts->windows->move windows change "move window" shortcut and use Alt+F7 in android studio. It works.


Progress Bar Window / Bar in the notification area for a running shell script

Answer to my question is working but not the most beautiful one ;) It lacks the continuous progress bar in percentage.

Add to the script:

 (#your commands) | zenity --progress --auto-close --title="Post-Process Pictures" --text="Rendering pictures..." --pulsate

This will open a window with the pulsating bar. The window is open as long as the commands are still working.

The Full script now looks like this:

#!/bin/bash

(mkdir small
cp *.jpg small
cp *.JPG small
cd small

for i in *.jpg; do
 if [ -e "$i" ]; then
   file=`basename "$i" .jpg`
   mogrify -unsharp 0.25x0.25+8+0.065 -resize 1280x1024 -normalize -density 180 -monitor "$i"
 fi
done

for i in *.JPG; do
 if [ -e "$i" ]; then
   file=`basename "$i" .JPG`
   mogrify -unsharp 0.25x0.25+8+0.065 -resize 1280x1024 -normalize -density 180 -monitor "$i"
 fi
done) | zenity --progress --auto-close --title="Post-Process Pictures" --text="Rendering pictures..." --pulsate

Best, Benjamin.

Beside: I use the script in combination with a .desktop file, so that i can use it via left-click context menue in dolphin. Just create a resize.desktop file in /usr/share/kservices5/ServiceMenus with the following content:

[Desktop Entry]
Actions=resize_pictures
Icon=transform-crop-resize
MimeType=image/jpeg;
ServiceTypes=KonqPopupMenu/Plugin
Type=Service
X-KDE-Priority=TopLevel

[Desktop Action resize_pictures]
Exec=sh pathtoyourscript/resize_pictures
Icon=transform-scale
Name=Resize Image(s)


how to send data from virtual machine to host

You can see the ip address of your VM/guest running this from your host (example for a VM called ubuntu16.04)

$ virsh  domifaddr ubuntu16.04
 Name       MAC address          Protocol     Address
-----------------------------------------------------------------------    --------
 vnet0      52:54:00:d6:f2:bc    ipv4         192.168.122.228/24

then use that ip address to send/receive data between host and VM.


How to start a gnome-terminal without loading profile (like bash --noprofile --norc)

You can always switch to default provide via gnome-terminal --window-with-profile=Default command ( unless you deleted that profile , of course ).


openstack-install - specify what MaaS node runs each OpenStack service

You'll want to run the installer with --edit-placement

$ sudo openstack-install --edit-placement

From there the placement screen will be displayed once bootstrap is complete and let you define what machines has which services and allow you to place them either on bare metal, kvm, or lxc.


I went through the same. Go to chrome://flags/ and enable "Override software rendering list" flag. This is not a permanent solution. Hope it helps.


X11 forwarding via "ssh -X username@hostname" is slow, but fast using "nxclient"

The NoMachine NX library is basically a derivative of DXPC.
It is stated in wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NX_technology
 "The NX scheme was derived from that of DXPC – the Differential X Protocol Compressor project".

So while ssh -C -X simply compresses whatever you feed it with (in your case, an X session), NX goes the extra mile to NOT send the 'unchanged' bits of information that it has already sent, thus the 'differential' term. Once what needs to be sent has been decided, nx will actually use ssh (or rather an nx derivative of ssh, nxssh to transmit session information).

So there is no way that the ssh -X -C will be as efficient as setting up an nx session. (nxclient is only one end of the deal btw, you will need the corresponding nxserver - i.e you cannot just replace the nxclient with ssh -X).

EDIT (as per requested):
As far as speeding up the ssh, I can only go as far as saying that using compressiong -C generally helps. This is backed up in this question.

Perhaps one can also consider switching to very lightweight desktop environments, such as xfce or even simpler like fluxbox. Of course this will only help with window drawing operations rather than with speeding up the content in the windows but still.


How to make a version of Linux kernel default in grub?

Step 1:  Run awk '/\$menuentry_id_option/ {print $(NF-1) }' /boot/grub/grub.cfg | less in terminal. This will tell unique id for each grub OS entry. For example, I have the following output:

'gnulinux-simple-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-advanced-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-4.1.0-040100rc2-generic-advanced-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-4.1.0-040100rc2-generic-recovery-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-3.19.0-28-generic-advanced-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-3.19.0-28-generic-recovery-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-3.19.0-26-generic-advanced-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-3.19.0-26-generic-recovery-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-3.13.0-63-generic-advanced-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'
'gnulinux-3.13.0-63-generic-recovery-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056'

Step 2
Run sudo sed -i  's/GRUB_DEFAULT=0/GRUB_DEFAULT=X/g' /etc/default/grub; sudo update-grub . Replace X in GRUB_DEFAULT=X with the menuentry_idthat corresponds to your desired OS version. For instance, if I wanted to boot with kernel 3.19.0-26, i'd replace x with gnulinux-advanced-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056>gnulinux-3.19.0-26-generic-advanced-86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056. If your kernel choice isn't the 'simple' option you'll need to add the parent submenu menuentry_id_option as a part of the grub default.

Step 3: Reboot. Confirm that you have appropriate kernel booted with uname -a or cat /proc/cmdline

NOTE:
If you get output from this command you are probably on a newer version of grub. This documentation is a bit out of date when it comes to menuentry ids, but could help: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Submenus#Submenu_Display


Use chown to set the ownership of all a folder's subfolders and files?

From chown --help:

Usage: chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
  or:  chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP.

[...]

  -R, --recursive        operate on files and directories recursively

[...]

So you need to run (probably with sudo):

chown -R USERNAME:GROUPNAME /PATH/TO/FILE

Or, if the group shall be the specified user's primary group (usually same name), you can also omit the GROUPNAME and just give the USERNAME: with a colon (no space before it!). It will be set implicitly:

chown -R USERNAME: /PATH/TO/FILE

To only change the user and leave the group as it is, just specify USERNAME and no group name and no colon:

chown -R USERNAME /PATH/TO/FILE

To only change the group and leave the owner user as it is, just specify :GROUPNAME with a leading colon:

chown -R :GROUPNAME /PATH/TO/FILE


After updating ubuntu 14.04 to ubuntu-proposed using software updater on jun 27th built-in notebook display keeps showing boot screen

The -proposed repo is for package updates that are yet to be verified to be safe and not introduce regressions. This looks like one of those regressions. You shouldn't be using package from this section (unless you're knowingly pulling in a package for testing).

Your best chance is to boot from a live CD, remove the trusty-proposed lines from /etc/apt/sources.list, and downgrade the packages to the standard repos, starting with the Linux kernel packages.


Installing TP-Link AC1200 T4UH USB Wireless Device

The 'driver' available on your website for the TP-Link AC1200 Model T4UH (Version V1.0) is version 150821 and is for

System version: Ubuntu 14.04.1
Kernel version: 3.16.0-30-generic
Gcc version:4.8.2

I have 16.04 Linux version 4.4.0-36-generic and gcc version 5.4.0 20160609

Running 'make' reports -

In file included from /home/a/Driver/include/drv_types.h:95:0,
                 from /home/a/Driver/core/rtw_cmd.c:22:
/home/a/Driver/include/hal_com.h:412:13: error: ‘file_path’ redeclared as different kind of symbol
 extern char file_path[PATH_LENGTH_MAX];
             ^
In file included from include/linux/compat.h:15:0,
                 from include/linux/ethtool.h:15,
                 from include/linux/netdevice.h:42,
                 from /home/a/Driver/include/osdep_service_linux.h:35,
                 from /home/a/Driver/include/osdep_service.h:41,
                 from /home/a/Driver/include/drv_types.h:32,
                 from /home/a/Driver/core/rtw_cmd.c:22:
include/linux/fs.h:2572:14: note: previous declaration of ‘file_path’ was here
 extern char *file_path(struct file *, char *, int);
              ^

Contacted TP-Link who passed the buck and said that "the chip set for Archer T4UH is Realtek RTL8812AU. Github is one of the popular platforms. Please try to find out the driver from there."

Installed a package from here.

All appears OK


Where to Find Ubuntu.Application and libhud1-dev

As of this moment I don't think we have a public PPA containing all the touch related packages used by our images. I know this will come later this week (together with the daily images), but for now you can grab them from the development branches:

Libhybris: lp:phablet-extras/libhybris
Ubuntu Platform API: lp:platform-api
HUD: lp:hud/phablet

Now for the Ubuntu.* components, make sure you have the SDK installed at your system. Just go to http://developer.ubuntu.com/get-started/gomobile/ and follow the install procedure described there.


For pasting text into the terminal, you can either use Ctrl+Shift+V or use your mouse's middle click if there is one.

For copying text in the terminal, you can either use Ctrl+Shift+C or use your mouse to select the text of interest and then use its middle click to paste it.


Error connecting to IMAP server: mail.mydomain.com. 111 : Connection refused

on the server try to telnet to port 143, if it doesnt work then you email service isnt listening on that port/or started. If you can telnet check for firewalls that could be blocking it.

/var/log/mail.log is a good source of errors too :)


Which deb should be used to install linux kernel?

You need

linux-headers-4.4.0-59_4.4.0-59.80_all.deb
linux-headers-4.4.0-59-generic_4.4.0-59.80_amd64.deb
linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic_4.4.0-59.80_amd64.deb
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-59-generic_4.4.0-59.80_amd64.deb

This will install Linux image and headers. Other packages are needed in specific cases and are not usually installed.


Cannot detect wireless driver intel ac wireless 9560 [logs included]

I noticed this morning that Update Manager installed a later version of the package linux-firmware. I suggest that you obtain a temporary internet connection by ethernet, tethered or whatever means possible and open a terminal and do:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

I suspect that linux-firmware will be upgraded. After the upgrade, my firmware files include:

iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-33.ucode
iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-34.ucode
iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-38.ucode

Reboot so that -38 loads instead of -34 as before. Check the log:

dmesg | grep iwl

Is the alarming message gone?

  iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Failed to start INIT ucode: -110

Your wireless should be working now.


echo $'Section "ServerFlags"\n  Option "DontZap" "yes"\nEndSection' | sudo tee /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/dontzap.conf


Drop into Root:

sudo -s

First off, install X11vnc:

apt-get install x11vnc

Make a place for its files:

mkdir /etc/x11vnc

Set up auth:

x11vnc -storepasswd in /etc/x11vnc/passwd
x11vnc -storepasswd /etc/x11vnc/passwd

You will be asked to choose a password. Follow the on-screen instructions.

Edit the configs:

nano /etc/init/x11vnc.conf

Add this to the config:

start on login-session-start

script

sudo x11vnc -xkb -forever -auth /var/run/kdm/root/:0 -display :0 -rfbauth /etc/x11vnc/passwd -rfbport 5900 -bg -o /var/log/x11vnc.log

end script

Save with Ctrl+X.

Reboot and you can now use VNC.

(Src)


Can't boot in kernel 'linux-image-genric 3.0.0.17.20'

I just had to solve this a few days ago.

When you get to the bootloader (GRUB), and are given the option, pick the one titled "More kernels" or something like that.

Then, once you've done that, pick the one that ends in -12 (or whichever one is lowest) (not recovery).

After that, you should be good to go.


Wireless is disabled by hardware switch on sony vaio

This solved my problem on my Vaio vpceg:

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Place this above the exit 0 line:

rfkill unblock wifi
rfkill unblock all
sudo modprobe -r acer_wmi


I do no believe that is actually possible as you are describing it, but you can achieve much of the same with the following:

Ubuntu One/Dropbox

Keep your files in sync at all times with a cloud service. Ubuntu comes with Ubuntu One preinstalled and it lets you monitor any folder. Cheap to upgrade the space also.
If you are a dropbox-user, that will also work on Ubuntu!

Ubuntu Software Center Sync

If you open the Ubuntu Software Center and go to

File -> Sync Between Computers

or, use the dash like so:

Press ALT, Write "sync" → Profit!

I am not sure if you can automatically sync from the Software Center, but you can see what items are NOT (and are) installed on one computer compared to another.

I understand that none of these is as simple as you would want it to, but you can get pretty far with these solutions (I use them every day!)


Unfortunately, and in general, this is not reversible. Files are moved to trash only when you are deleting them using the graphical user interface. The purpose of the command line is to be powerful, but with great power comes great responsibility :-)

EDIT: as one of the commentators rightly noted, it is advisable to boot the liveCD and use extundelete from there. That way, the actual system is not touched.

Before you read the rest of this answer, please read this article.

However, there is an undelete utility (not guaranteed to work, however) that you can try.

First, check that you have an ext3 or ext4 file system (run this command from a terminal):

mount

You should see several lines, among them something like that:

/dev/sda6 on /home type ext4 (rw)

(if your home is on a separate partition) or

/dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)

(if your home is on the root partition). If you have any doubts, post the whole output of the mount command here.

Next, install extundelete, either using Ubuntu software center of from the command line:

sudo apt-get install extundelete

The bad news is, from here on it gets more complicated. Additionally, you will be working from command line as root, having the power of completely destroying your system, so please take care of what you type.

First, you should not run extundelete on a mounted partition, and you need to know on which device your home sits. If your home is on separate partition (say, /dev/sda6, as you see in the above example), boot your Ubuntu in safe mode. Press shift during the boot process, and when a menu comes up, select recovery mode and then "drop to root command prompt".

Then, you need to remount the root filesystem writeable:

mount -o rw,remount /

Then, run

extundelete /dev/sda6 --restore-all

The files that can still be saved will be restored, and extundelete will show you where it did store them.

Unfortunately, from my experience, extundelete runs as often as it doesn't. Often you get "segmentation fault". In which case, you will have to download the source and build it yourself, which should fix the problem.

For the future, please remember the old saying: there are two kinds of people; those who do proper backups and those who will. Making backups with Ubuntu is easy, so why not do it?


No additional drivers for ATI Radeon X300 on a Dell Inspiron 6000

There isn't a proprietary driver for your X300 card that's compatible with Ubuntu 11.10, which is why we don't offer to install a proprietary driver.

The most recent fglrx driver that supports your card only supports up to X server 1.5.  This was the X server in the Ubuntu 8.10 release - so, three years old.  Attempting to install it will lead only to sorrow.


Does the Ubuntu type Desktop versus Server matter when installing one of the FTP's?

From krizna.

Secure FTP ( SFTP ) is your best bet. Here's what you need to do (just summing it up from the linked website):

Install openssh-server package:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Create a new group ftpaccess for FTP users:

sudo groupadd ftpaccess

Now make changes in this /etc/ssh/sshd_config file.

» Find and comment the below line

Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

and Add these lines at the end of the file.

Subsystem sftp internal-sftp
Match group ftpaccess
ChrootDirectory %h
X11Forwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no
ForceCommand internal-sftp

Restart sshd service:

sudo service ssh restart

The below steps must be followed while creating Users for sftp access:

a. Create user john with ftpaccess group and /usr/bin/nologin shell:

sudo useradd -m john -g ftpaccess -s /usr/sbin/nologin

sudo passwd john

b. Change ownership for the home directory:

sudo chown root /home/john

c. Create a folder inside home directory for writing and change ownership of that folder:

sudo mkdir /home/john/www

sudo chown john:ftpaccess /home/john/www

Now try to connect server using SFTP ( port : 22 ) and makesure Users can upload files to www directory and cannot access other folders outside home directory.

If you want use both FTP and SFTP together, please perform above steps (step 5) while creating users . For existing users, move them to ftpaccess group and create folder structure and ownership changes as below:

sudo usermod john -g ftpaccess -s /usr/sbin/nologin

sudo chown root /home/john

sudo mkdir /home/john/www

sudo chown john:ftpaccess /home/john/www


If the flatpak does not automatically install a launcher, you will need to create one yourself. A launcher is a text file with a .desktop extension. Create a valid gimp.desktop file under .local/share/applications. .local is a hidden folder in your home folder. You can see it by turning "Show hidden files" on in your file manager.

The file gimp.desktop should contain:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=The GNU Image Manipulation Program
GenericName=Image Editor
Comment=Create images and edit photographs
Keywords=GIMP;graphic;design;illustration;painting;
Exec=flatpak run org.gimp.GIMP %U
Icon=gimp
Terminal=false
Categories=Graphics;2DGraphics;RasterGraphics;GTK;
StartupNotify=true

This file should cause an entry for Gimp to appear automatically in your software menu.

Some background

Launchers are text files with the .desktop extension with a format as decribed here. Launchers in the folder .local/share/applications or in /usr/share/applications will automatically be incorporated in your menu.

Launchers under .local/share/applications will provide the launchers only for you, and will take precedence over identical system wide launchers. The system wide launchers are under /usr/share/applications/. These will provide the launchers for any user.

Remarks

If you do not see the Gimp icon, but only generic icon, then there would be no icon for Gimp in your standard icon set. You may then download an appropriate icon file and put that in a folder such as .local/icons.
If you want the launcher to be available for any user on the system, move the .desktop file to /usr/share/applications. You need root permissions for this.


How to force grub to boot only the 1st OS?

You should never edit your /boot/grub/grub.cfg file - this is always regenerated when a new kernel is downloaded and installed.

If your Ubuntu OS is always the first in the list then the GRUB_DEFAULT=0 in /etc/default/grub is sufficient for this to be the first OS to be booted on a restart.

If your Ubuntu OS is not the first then you can set the GRUB_DEFAULT value to be equal to the menu entry value for Ubuntu OS - see the linked answer below on an example of how to find the OS value and how to add it to Grub.

Linked Question:

How do I set Windows to boot as the default in the boot loader?


dual booting windows 8.1 and ubuntu 14.04, hard disk partitioning

In Windows 8.1 go to search(right side of the screen) and type "Disk Management". Select "Create and format hard disk partitions". Right click on E: and choose "Shrink Volume". Enter the values and you will get new unallocated space near E:.


I set up UFW and now cant connect to server

Did you allow incoming packages for port 21? Check with sudo ufw status to see if you have allowed packages transmission for port 21.

It will look something like that:

Firewall loaded

To                         Action    From
--                         ------    ----
21                         ALLOW IN  Anywhere

If port 21 is not allowed, enable the port by:

sudo ufw allow 21


How to enable 3D Acceleration for Nvidia GeForce GTS 250?

You can install the proprietary nvidia driver to enable 3D acceleration.

Press Alt + F2 and type jockey than press Enter.

Choose the driver and click on "Activate".

Alternatively, you can also go to your system setting and click on "Adittional Drivers".


How do I get OpenGL working on an Nvidia GeForce GT 750M?

Open your terminal ctrl+alt+T  (if you are in GUI that is. From CLI first make sure you have a working internet connection. Offcourse there is no need in CLI to open up any terminal)

Type or copy/paste each line:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
This will remove your current nVidia drivers (using the one provided below gives a much more stable response)
sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-video-intel  libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-core
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
The above two lines should fix Xorg
sudo update-alternatives --remove gl_conf /usr/lib/nvidia-current/ld.so.conf

After this reïnstall nVidia software

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
This provides the necessary repository (assuming you removed it)
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bumblebee-nvidia nvidia-319 nvidia-settings-319


Running .py python scripts from the command line using python3

And to answer my own question for the benefit of anybody else barking up the wrong tree, it's a simple matter of putting the location of the interpreter in a shebang at the top of the script:

#! /opt/python3/bin/python3.x

or some such depending on your particular installation.


How to VPN to Ubuntu server so I can browse the Internet?

One way is to use a SOCKS proxy. It requires you have SSH access to the server you are using as a proxy. Change your web browser's proxy settings for SOCKS Proxy to 127.0.0.1, set the Port to 8000, and also check the box for SOCKS v5

Next, create the SSH connection and send traffic for port 8000 on your machine to the server:

ssh -D 8000 your_ssh_username@your_remote_server

your_remote_server can be the name of your server in DNS (myserver.example.com) or an IP address. Use a dynamic DNS service if your home IP address changes frequently.

Leave that SSH connection open while you surf. If you want to go back to 'regular' surfing, undo the changes you made in your web browser's proxy settings.

Verify that your web browser is using the proxy by visiting a site that shows your IP address such as www.icanhazip.com - it should show the IP address of your Ubuntu server and not the IP address of the computer you are using.


Console freezes on auto-complete of /mnt/folder (CIFS) share

This has to do with both the way bash completion works and the way cifs works as a protocol.

bash completion works thusly:

readline informs bash of the currently-typed string, and of the tab keystroke.
bash performs a Depth First Searchof the filesystem, the root of which is at the most-matched part of the filesystem hierarchy. Each step of this search is actually many requests - a request for a list - from the filesystem.
readline blocks - waiting for a response from bash with a list of possible outcomes to display.
that list arrives, readline displays it, and returns input control to the user.

On a blocklevel or local or otherwise reasonably-fast filesystem, this all happens incredibly quickly.

CIFS, unfortunately, isn't a blocklevel filesystem. Instead, CIFS is a command-based transactional protocol. Every single request made against CIFS is:

transactional, requiring a request, acknowledgement, and acknowledgement of the acknowledgement,
represented by multiple individual CIFS/SMB command blocks
inspected for authentication

In short, CIFS/SMB is (at least in SMB1, which almost assuredly is what you're using to mount this CIFS share) extremely chatty.

In ordinary, direct usage of known filenames, the request is a singleton. You make the request for a file, CIFS authenticates you, acknowledges your request, you acknowledge their acknowledgement, and your file transfers.

In the case of tab-completion, that cycle is multiplied by the number of files in a particular directory, possibly times two (or more!) if it's dereferencing a Windows Shortcut.

All over the network.

This is a recipe for significant slowdowns as readline waits for bash who's in turn waiting for the filesystem driver to negotiate with the CIFS server.

You may wish to work around this problem by doing things like running your session from within screen, that way if your bash session locks up, you can ctrl-A-c and get s brand spanking new terminal, so you can continue to work or even kill the other one.


How do I get Ubuntu Studio recognize my M-Audio 2496 audio card

I fixed the problem by doing the following process found in this post:

Need external (usb)Sound card suggestions that work with Ubuntu 12.04

In my case, I had just a quite low volume. Other mixers were not showing up.

Try gnome-alsamixer. Here is what I do. I have integrated soundcard and Audigy.

Install Ubuntu Studio (not virtually).
Switch off the integrated soundcard in BIOS.
Launch terminal. Type sudo apt-get install gnome-alsamixer. After the program is installed type gnome-alsamixer.
Select "Audigy Analog/Digital Output Jack".
Enjoy

Note: I wrote Select "Audigy Analog/Digital Output Jack". You must select analog of your soundcard.


Cant install Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS alongside Win 7

Cant install Ubuntu alongside Windows 7 on HP 650 - Cant recognize Windows partition

The answer in this question helped, and now i have installed Ubuntu alongside Windows successfully and i have dual boot.


What's the equivalent of the "cls" command from Windows/DOS?

You can use reset. This resets the whole terminal, so that may be a bit overkill though.

Note on Konsole:
@Mechanical snail noticed "in Konsole 4.8.5, the old text is still there if you scroll up".
@gertvdijk explained that it is "a feature. There's Ctrl+Shift+K for Konsole (reset and clear scrollback)."


Move data from others user accounts in my user account

You have to change the permission and also own the permission for the folder to which you want to access.

Following command will help you:

sudo chown -R saurav:saurav /home/user
sudo chmod -R 777 /home/user

Where saurav is the user to which you want to own the files and /home/user is the example of the user accounting you want to access.. You can change saurav to your user's name and /home/user to the user account that that you've created.  You can also use this if you want to access files and folders of multiple users:

sudo chown -R saurav:saurav /home/user /home/user2
sudo chmod -R 777 /home/user /home/user2

and so on..


network error: connection refused after killing one process I guess

Co-worker connected to digital ocean and started ssh service and this fixed the problem


Ubuntu isn't using AMD or Nvidia drivers properly

@Joe S.
I am really sorry for the inconvenience. I did not know ubuntu-20.04 had a move compared to previous versions ,and since I did all my checks on iso using grub's loopback on iso sitting on hdd....
Anyway ,your usb stick is very probably still good ;all you have to do is
At boot prompt with "Try ubuntu without installing blabla"
1  Type "e"  to edit the line "Try ubuntu..."
2 Replace "maybe-ubiquity"  with "boot=casper"
3 Type F10  to boot
Everything should work now
Hope you get  thru
 cheers

 hoan3504

I only tried with gtx1650 on my acer nitro5. Would you try this liveimage I made which uses a modified prime using Mathieu Gras' idea; it allows live switch between intel and nvidia dgpu back and forth without rebooting.
https://sourceforge.net/projects/toysbox/files/bionic-nvidia/ubuntu-20.04-5.4.0-26-generic-nvidia-450.57-primeselect.iso
I tried running cuda-11.0 'samples: they are fully working
(nbody,oceanfft,fluidgl,smokedparticles with nvidia rendering)


Two users with same name but different passwords

This question provides some detail about the login sequence.

Authentication is handled by PAM (pluggable authentication modules). A brief search doesn't turn up any existing implementation of this idea (or at least, not one that is part of the standard Ubuntu set-up - I wouldn't be surprised if someone, somewhere had done it).

This message implies it would be possible to change the user during the authentication process, and one could presumably therefore write a PAM module which checked multiple passwords and switched the finally logged-in user appropriately. However, you'll need to do some pretty difficult development work yourself.

If your intention is to create a "hidden" user you'll need to do quite a lot more work to hide the existence of the hidden user beyond just playing with the login sequence - changing where their $HOME is stored, what goes in the auth log, hiding the fact that a system check would show the login sequence was modified, etc, etc.


Install ruby 1.9.2-p180 via RVM on Ubuntu 12.04

You are trying to install old ruby patchlevel.

This is fixed in newer patchlevel:

rvm install 1.9.2

Also pleas note that 1.9.3 is the current ruby version.


How to download torrents using utorrent on your browser (firefox)

You should consider using Aria2 and the Web GUI instead of utorrent because utorrent are not trustworthy especially considering they tried to sneak in cryptomining with your computer, meaning they waste your resources and your power to make themselves money. - http://torrentfreak.com/utorrent-quietly-installs-riskware-bitcoin-miner-users-report-150306/

Instead use Aria2 which is a command line downloader and then use Web GUI to accomplish what you are wanting.

Aria2 - http://aria2.sourceforge.net/

Web GUI - https://github.com/ziahamza/webui-aria2


I solved this by reinstalling Kubuntu 13.10 i386 as before, but this time also overwriting/formatting the \home partition.


Internet explorer in ubuntu (error while cabextracting some files)

Use playonlinux.

If you already have wine installed, just run:

sudo apt install playonlinux

Then run PlayOnLinux and click the Install button.

You'll find various versions of Internet Explorer under the Internet tab. Select the version you want, and click Install.

Make sure you have the installation file for the same IE version as you have selected in POL. Also, I think you might need the 32-bit version of the installer, so make sure you've got that right.

Other than that, POL is extremely user friendly, and usually works very smoothly.

Please note that you need to keep the installer on an ext4 volume for installation to work. It won't work if it's stored on an FAT or NTFS volume, etc.

By the way, are you running Ubuntu 12.04? Why don't you upgrade?


Updating Cinnamon causes Grub to freeze before the login screen

Reboot the computer and keep the SHIFT key pressed in order to access the boot options.

If you have the the "recovery mode" option then select it to boot and login your system.
If there is no "recovery mode" option then you could follow these instructions (GRUB2 How To Boot From CLI Mode)


Is there any webcam finger tracking software available?

The project is called Community Core Vision:
http://ccv.nuigroup.com/

Also there is a project called TUIO:


how to check bluetooth version on my laptop

That info can be found with hciconfig -a:

hci0:   Type: BR/EDR  Bus: USB
    BD Address: 5C:93:A2:A3:59:56  ACL MTU: 1022:8  SCO MTU: 183:5
    UP RUNNING PSCAN ISCAN
    RX bytes:1146297 acl:195 sco:10904 events:84051 errors:0
    TX bytes:72067880 acl:83905 sco:10762 commands:83 errors:0
    Features: 0xff 0xfe 0x0d 0xfe 0xd8 0x7f 0x7b 0x8f
    Packet type: DM1 DM3 DM5 DH1 DH3 DH5 HV1 HV2 HV3
    Link policy: RSWITCH HOLD SNIFF
    Link mode: SLAVE ACCEPT
    Name: 'ubuntu-0'
    Class: 0x6c0100
    Service Classes: Rendering, Capturing, Audio, Telephony
    Device Class: Computer, Uncategorized
    HCI Version:  (0x7)  Revision: 0x3101
    LMP Version:  (0x7)  Subversion: 0x1
    Manufacturer: Atheros Communications, Inc. (69)

The HCI Version (0x7) indicates version 4.1

The mapping of HCI version to the bluetooth specification versions are:

| HCI version | Bluetooth version |
|-------------|-------------------|
| 0 (0x0)     | 1.0b              |
| 1 (0x1)     | 1.1               |
| 2 (0x2)     | 1.2               |
| 3 (0x3)     | 2.0               |
| 4 (0x4)     | 2.1               |
| 5 (0x5)     | 3.0               |
| 6 (0x6)     | 4.0               |
| 7 (0x7)     | 4.1               |
| 8 (0x8)     | 4.2               |
| 9 (0x9)     | 5.0               |
| 10 (0xa)    | 5.1               |


In case someone else stumbles upon this.
The WSL Linux kernel is not the same as a standard Ubuntu one, but some of those non-kernel packages were updating from the cache.
Not a huge size saving, but it does work.


fsck.vfat never actually repairs anything

It is possible that the drive is 'gridlocked', which means that it seems to be OK, but is actually read-only (the hardware is read-only). This is sometimes the first stage of failure.

But if you are lucky, there is another error, and you can get rid of the problem.

I suggest that you start by copying all the files (that you want to keep) to another drive.
After that you can try to repair the drive in a computer with Windows.
If still no success, try to wipe the first mibibyte of the drive and after that create a fresh partition table and file system.

There are more details at this link.