How to play .aac / .m4a files in cmus in 14.04 (trusty)?

Currently the ffmpeg plugin is broken. To enable aac in .m4a or .mp4 libmp4v2 has to be enabled in the cmus build.

To that end you can build yourself adding libmp4v2-dev to the build deps.

Otherwise have latest 2.6  here in an almost stand-alone ppa, has another semi orphan in Aqualung. Libav support has been removed

https://launchpad.net/~mc3man/+archive/ubuntu/aqua-tests

As far as lavc support. The main issue is Libav has dropped swresample for avresample & cmus will not work well or at all with avresample. However FFmpeg still builds both.
So to that end a fully enabled cmus 2.6 with ffmpeg.so included is available here.

Please note that this ppa includes both Libav11 & FFmpeg 2.4.x & Will Not be Suitable for all. Read the page carefully before adding..

https://launchpad.net/~mc3man/+archive/ubuntu/testing6


Where is Rhythmbox when I close the window?

You can make it like this,
First exit/close Rhythmbox,
then download rhythmbox-tray-icon.zip
and
extract its contents into ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/plugins.

Start Rhythmbox. Go to Edit > Plugins.
Find 'Tray Icon' in the plugins list and enable it.
A Rhythmbox icon appears in the notification area.

I tested on my Linux LXLE working nicely...:D

adapted from here:
http://code.mendhak.com/rhythmbox-tray-icon/


Drop down terminal as smooth as gnome-shell's 'looking glass'

There's a new GNOME Shell extension that makes exactly what you need!

It's called Drop Down Terminal. It's compatible with GNOME Shell 3.6 (and older versions as far as I know).


Why are numeric function names not allowed?

POSIX says:

  2.9.5 Function Definition Command

  A function is a user-defined name that is used as a simple command to
  call a compound command with new positional parameters. A function is
  defined with a "function definition command".

  The format of a function definition command is as follows:

 fname ( ) compound-command [io-redirect ...]

  The function is named fname; the application shall ensure that it is
  a name (see XBD Name) and that it is not the name of a special
  built-in utility. An implementation may allow other characters in a
  function name as an extension. The implementation shall maintain
  separate name spaces for functions and variables.

And:

  3.235 Name

  In the shell command language, a word consisting solely of
  underscores, digits, and alphabetics from the portable character set.
  The first character of a name is not a digit.

  Note: The Portable Character Set is defined in detail in Portable
  Character Set.

So a word beginning with a digit cannot be a function name.


Kubuntu 20.04 is slow when running on HDD & micro stuttering

Maybe changing the HDD is a way to solve the issue. The thing is live USB is that all apps are loaded in the ram rather than storage. So the ram usage is higher. If you want your system to use more ram go for UBUNTU, which is likely to be more resource hungry and thus, uses more ram.
As you know SSD is faster. Switching to SSD will make the system snappy.


Why some web pages/files saved to NTFS can be accessed in Ubuntu but not in Windows OS ?

Check if the file-name of the web-page (or other files) that you saved, while using in Ubuntu session, to the NTFS partition contain one or some of the characters listed below:
* " : < > ? \ / |

and also see whether the file-name is larger than 255 characters. If yes, Windows won't allow accessing (but you can in Ubuntu) such file as the file-name includes forbidden characters or too large than what is allowed. Visit the reference links below for more info.
To avoid this, you should save (save as) the files manually specifying with valid names, which won't include the forbidden characters and contain 255 characters or less.
Also, the FAT file-system does not allow those characters.
Reference:

Filename Limitations


FN keys not working on an HP G62 laptop. Xev show nothing

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Hotkeys/Troubleshooting has some hints for troubleshooting such keyboard problems.


Servers with same configuration ended up with different kernels

Those server that have the 3.16 kernels were installed from 14.04.2 ISO image. It initially had the 3.16 kernel.


It is certainly possible on my system from:

Settings --> Configure Konsole --> Tab Bar --> Tab Bar Visibility

Screenshot of this setting with Tab Bar hidden:


Booting my laptop with Ubuntu live USB (try) but not with an USB Installed Ubuntu ¿?

Problem: No ESP in the USB key 2

The booting issue is probably because there is no EFI System Partition (ESP) created in the USB Key 2, during installation. See this answer for how to solve this problem

Also see Installing Ubuntu without touching Windows

Also see the Option 2: Two Drives Two ESPs section of this answer for details about using the Something Else and creating ESP partition manually.

Hope this helps


swapoff is not permanent, it's just for temporarily unmounting the swap in case you need to mess around with swap partitions.

The bit that changes the partition table is the bit that says,

  going to fdisk /dev/sdX , delete Linux partition (type 83), recreate a new partition larger in size leaving space for the swap partition, and quit.

Note: this is a fairly dangerous thing to do; I would not advise doing this unless you had good backups and knew quite a bit about partitions and filesystems.

Also remember to resize the filesystem with resize2fs later.


Where are the desktop wallpapers stored for colors & gradients?

They are not stored as file anywhere. They're defined in dconf database. Specifically these schemas:

/org/gnome/desktop/background/color-shading-type

/org/gnome/desktop/background/secondary-color

/org/gnome/desktop/background/primary-color

If you run in terminal dconf watch / and then change to vertical gradient, and then change one of the colors, you will see what schemas get changed:

$ dconf watch /
/org/gnome/desktop/background/color-shading-type
  'vertical'
/org/gnome/desktop/background/picture-options
  'none'
/org/gnome/desktop/background/picture-uri
  ''

/org/gtk/settings/color-chooser/selected-color
  (true, 0.54117647058823526, 0.88627450980392153, 0.20392156862745098, 1.0)

/org/gtk/settings/color-chooser/selected-color
  (true, 0.54117647058823526, 0.88627450980392153, 0.20392156862745098, 1.0)

/org/gtk/settings/color-chooser/selected-color
  (true, 0.44705882352941179, 0.62352941176470589, 0.81176470588235294, 1.0)

/org/gtk/settings/color-chooser/selected-color
  (true, 0.93333333333333335, 0.93333333333333335, 0.92549019607843142, 1.0)

/org/gnome/desktop/background/primary-color
  '#eeeeeeeeecec'


systemd script for a program won't start up until I login

This is a known issue. There is this suggestion: create a user (with enough permission), autologin and lock the console, or run as root - all have downfalls, pick your poison.

Someone tried a hack that worked for them, there are others.

There is no officially supported method.

See also: How to enable systemd's service without waiting?.


What happened to Ibus Emoji Typing in Ubuntu 20.04?

Incidentally, I ran into a fix for this while debugging why my pinyin input was broken. All I had to was add the following to my ~/.profile:
export GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus
export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus
export QT_IM_MODULE=ibus
ibus-daemon -d -x

Sources:

https://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=155&t=346639
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/IBus#Chinese_input


In the newer Linux versions there is an Nvidia driver built into the kernel, it’s called Nouveau. So maybe you can try to remove that driver. There is also a proprietary one by NVIDIA but I understand you don’t want that either.

My first thought was you’d have to recompile a kernel yourself, but there might be other options, e.g. see here:
https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-disable-nouveau-nvidia-driver-on-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux


How to configure the Compose key on Ubuntu 15.04?

Try unity-control-center -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Typing -> Compose Key.


error in installing android studio using ubuntu make

The issues gets solved when you provide [--accept-license  Accept license without prompting] option

umake android --accept-license


How to update VS code to the latest version in Ubuntu?

It's too simple.

sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade code


Nvidia x server setting no specific option

Open this file

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

And find the section "Module" and make the appropriate lines look like this

Load "glx"
# Load "dri"
# Load "GLcore"


grub not showing ubuntu even after boot repair

1.Install EasyBCD software on windows
  2.Create a boot entry for your ubuntu partition
  3.After Restart select ubuntu from the grub
  4.You will be get back into Ubuntu 12.04.


Cannot find some header file (chicken.h)

edit. Solved by defining C_INCLUDE_PATH (though fixing the auto-generated c compiler errors is going to be harder than telling gcc where to find its headers :/)


Boot-Repair's "Purge GRUB" option can't be unticked if some GRUB executables (eg grub-install) are missing in the system you want to repair.
The "Purge GRUB" option will download the GRUB packages from Internet and reinstall them.

If you need more information, please indicate your BootInfo URL.


checking out convert option available for ubuntu

To determine if a command is available

which <command>

In your case

which convert

Or use locate

sudo updatedb #necessary if you recently installed
locate convert

convert is a part of imagemagick , so to install

sudo apt-get install imagemagick


How do I integrate Byobu's copy-buffer with the X clipboard, with text containing quotes?

Looks like this works:

tmux save-buffer - | xclip -i

That copies the tmux clipboard into the X clipboard. The other way round is:

xclip -o | tmux load-buffer -

This, of course, relies on using tmux as the byobu backend. And I'd like a way for at least the first half to happen automatically whenever I select something in byobu.


Open Terminal(Ctrl+ALt+T) and write the following command,

sudo update-manager -d

Press Enter enter your user password when it asks you.

Things to Note

If you’re following this guide on April 17, 2014 then be aware that the whole process could take some time. Ubuntu 14.04 has only just been released and you won’t be the only person upgrading, so be prepared for the upgrade to take longer than usual to complete.

Also, while an LTS-to-LTS upgrade should preserve all your files it would be prudent to make a backup of any important documents, folders and photos before you begin. It’s rare for ‘direct upgrades’ to go wrong, but never say never.

Source Link.


Strictly speaking, downloading Ubuntu won't do any harm to your machine (You should always confirm you have a verified copy though).

Once that said, I understand you want to know if installing Ubuntu will lead to the loss of your old files. Well, it all depends whether you're planning to create a dual-boot on your machine, if you want to use Ubuntu in a virtual machine or if you mean to delete your former OS and install Ubuntu instead.

Short answer

Dual-boot: None harm done normally (be careful of the system partitioning tho), but you more or less won't access your files from one OS to another.
Virtual machine: None file loss. All your old files are kept in your home OS (and you can't exchange files between OSs unless you install guest additions and configure your virtual machine to enable this feature. It is explained how to do so here).
Installation & removal of old OS: everything will be lost. Be careful to save your files before you choose this option.

Detail

Generally speaking (this is not only true for Ubuntu), if you install it next to your former OS (having 2 OSs is called dual-boot, you choose which OS to boot on every time you switch your computer on), you won't loose your old OS nor the files it contains. However, keep in mind that when you're when dual-booting, it's like your OSs don't know the existence of each other, so the files you manipulate in one OS won't be stored at the same place as the ones you're using in the other OS.

However, Ubuntu can see your Windows files (which is very convenient when your old Windows is broken and you want to recover important files before reinstalling it or whatever). You can learn how to access your Windows files in Ubuntu here.

In a virtual machine, it is like you have a virtual computer (called guest) within your real computer (known as host). Installing a virtual machine won't hurt either your main OS or the files contained within. Home and guest OSs aren't supposed to communicate with each other but it is possible to copy/paste and drag&drop things if you install guest additions in your guest OS and configure your VM to enable it. There's a link in the short answer part to know how to do so.

Finally, if you install Ubuntu and erase your old OS, everything will be lost.

Be confident though, the installation software of Ubuntu is pretty straight-forward and there are little chances you don't understand what you're doing. If you're still afraid of doing something wrong, there are plenty of tutorials for installing Ubuntu on the Internet (either in Dual Boot or by erasing the old OS). Here is a tutorial to learn how to install Ubuntu along a Windows OS.

Hope this helps!


Is there an application for measuring uploaded and downloaded data?

Gnome System Monitor  does the job for me. Its “Resources” tab contains a network history section, that you can see in the screenshot below.

On a very basic level you can also look at /sys/class/net/*/statistics/[rt]x_bytes for total amounts of bytes transferred for each network interface since boot.


I found what was causing the problem in my situation.

Before, I changed the default i/o scheduler from cfq to bfq using this answer https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/375600/how-to-enable-and-use-the-bfq-scheduler/376136#376136 .

Now I switched back to cfq, and it is working great for now (I tried to suspend multiples times, no crash).

I hope this answer helps someone.


First, most Advanced Format drives present a logical sector size of 512 bytes, even though the physical sector size is 4096 bytes (4KiB). This is done through juggling data in the drive's firmware, and it can result in performance problems if the partitions are not properly aligned. Chances are this isn't the source of your problem, though, and your focus on partition alignment is misplaced. (To be sure, partition alignment is important; it's just not the source of your problem.)

My hunch (and it is just a hunch) is that your problem results from switching between a USB enclosure and direct connection of the disk. Some enclosures translate 512-byte logical sectors on the disk into 4096-byte logical sectors presented to the computer -- that is, the opposite of what the firmware in an Advanced Format disk does. I'm not positive, but I suspect that some enclosures do this only on over-2TiB disks. Both MBR and GPT partitioning schemes refer to data by sector numbers, so changing the sector size invalidates the partitioning data. Thus, if you prepare the disk in a USB enclosure that translates in this way and then try to use the disk directly (or vice-versa), you'll see errors because the partitions (and even GPT backup data) won't be where the computer expects it to be. It'd be like telling a blindfolded person to "walk 2 forward," where you mean 2 feet, but the person thinks you mean 2 meters, and so walks into a wall.

The solution to this problem is to prepare and use the disk in one way -- either use the USB enclosure or use a direct connection, not both. If both are necessary for some reason, you'll need to find an enclosure that works without applying this type of translation.

To test my hypothesis, you can use a tool (like parted) that reports logical sector sizes. For instance:

sudo parted /dev/sda print
Model: ATA Hitachi HDP72505 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

I've omitted a bunch of information from this output. The important detail is in the final line shown here: The logical and physical sector sizes are both 512 bytes. If you run this test, then reattach the disk in the other way and run it again, you can compare the results. If the logical sector size changes depending on how you attach the disk, then my hypothesis is correct and it's the source of your problem. Or at least, it's one problem; there may be others, too. In particular, the Error synchronizing after initial wipe error you mentioned could indicate another problem. OTOH, that could be a side effect of parted trying to read backup GPT data from beyond the end of the disk. Either way, if you see a change in logical sector size, you should address that issue before dealing with anything else. If you want to repartition the disk but have problems because of the Error synchronizing error, try using gdisk or cgdisk (in the gdisk package) rather than parted or GParted; the gdisk family is more robust against errors than is the parted family.


package dependencies cannot be resolved on ubuntu software center

Open a Terminal window and type:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/apps
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install playonlinux

This should install the newest POL without trouble.


Can I control the fans in a Gigabyte Aero 15?

After trying a bunch of things I managed to get the manual fan control over Gigabyte Aero 15 running Linux Mint.

In my case there was already some basic automatic fan speed control, but when I was running Tensorflow scripts heavily using GPU, for some reason the fans were clearly not running at their maximum speed (simply they were much less noisy than in Windows) and the laptop heated too much. So I just wanted to be able to set the maximum speed manually, same as hitting Fn+Esc in Windows.

Firstly, nbfc with Gigabyte AERO 14KV8 config works perfectly (at the time of writing there was no specific Aero 15 config). nbfc is a powerful tool allowing for manual and fully automatic temperature-based fan control. However, nbfc is written in C#, so you need to install Mono runtime environment to be able to run .NET on linux. For a simple manual fan control this may be a bit overkill.

The second option I found is p37-ec, a compact program fit in a single C file with no dependencies offering some fan control features for another Gigabyte laptop model. While it was properly metering the temperature and the fan speed, to get it working to actually control the fans by setting the EC registers values I needed to dig a bit more, namely to look at the working nbfc config. The following bash script using p37-ec allows to set manually the speed of the both fans:

echo "Type fan speed in 0..229 range or leave empty to switch back to auto:"
read spd
if [ -z "$spd" ]
then
    ./p37ec 6 0
else
    ./p37ec 6 30
    ./p37ec 0xb0 $spd
    ./p37ec 0xb1 $spd
fi

Notes.

This requires superuser mode.
If you use this, be aware of possible overheating issues when manually setting low fan speed for a long time.


Install Remote Desktop (Ubuntu-desktop, xRDP or whatever) on Ubuntu VPS?

Yes, that's possible. My 3 favorite protocols are:

TeamViewer
NX
VNC

In my experience NX is really good but hard to configure. VNC is more for incidental usage and you have to be careful to keep it secure. TeamViewer is the most mature and easiest to use and setup.

To start using TeamViewer you have to use the console in the administration panel of your VPS provider. That's the equivalent of plugging a monitor and keyboard directly to your virtual server. And not like using SSH over the internet.

That's where you install the Ubuntu Desktop and login for the first time. Then follow this howto: TeamViewer on Linux


Deleted Ubuntu Partition - No Windows Recovery Disk

Just install Ubuntu again and at the end of the installation procedure, it will reinstall Grub (the boot loader). Upon reboot you should be able to boot into Windows or into your brand new Ubuntu.

Alternatively, there is a program called boot-repair which can restore the MBR. Just donwload it here and follow the instructions from  the official Ubuntu Documentation.


Desktop icons move every time after reboot

I had the same problem after reinstalling my OS (Debian 9, Gnome 3.22.2).
What solved it, was to play around with Gnome Tweak (Tool). As I did not do this with "scientific rigor", I can only guess it was switching off and on the option to have icons displayed on the desktop or activating hibernation when the lid of my laptop is closed, which automatically set a program to load on start up and thus might only make it look like the problem is solved.


The compass install is failing because of the lack of the ruby-dev installation.

ruby-dev is included in Ubuntu's repository.  You'll have to update your repository to have the full available packages and depends.

Perform these commands to do this:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt full-upgrade
$ sudo apt install ruby-dev


Choosing the Erase disk and install Ubuntu option at the Installation type screen of the Ubuntu installer will delete Windows 10 by overwriting it with Ubuntu, and all the storage space will be available for Ubuntu as a result.


Try this instead:

wine start "c:\Program files\software folder\software name.exe"

The key here is using wine start instead of just wine to launch the program.

If you think the program needs to be run from it's own directory, change the "working directory" field in your shortcut to software's location.  Example:

"/home/username/.wine/drive_c/Program files/software folder/"


My USB 3.0 pendrive is not working on 3.0 port! Any help?

The problem sorted out itself after a reboot!It seems like it was some kind of glitch that happened after I formatted the USB drive. After rebooting today I found the drive is working fine in the 3.0 port.


Why are there two Inkscape entries in Ubuntu Software?

See the description on each:

0.92+devel is the 0.92 development version using a snap.

0.92.3.1 is the regular Ubuntu version.

  Which one should I install?

That is your choice to make.


I have installed LaTeX in my Ubuntu 18.04 (fresh installation) without any problems having main, universe, restricted and multiverse repositories enabled. Try this:

sudo apt install texlive texlive-full imagemagick


How do I run two different conky sessions at the same time?

Conky without parameters looks for a file named ".conkyrc" in your home folder. To use another config file you have to use the "-c" or "--config" parameter. This way you can start conky twice or how many times you want to, with each conky session using another config-file.

The included .sh-file in the archive on deviantart starts conky without parameters, so ".conkyrc" in your home-folder will be used. => The first session

If you put the "conkyrc"-file from the archive on Gnome-look in your home-folder, you can use the command "conky -c ~/conkyrc". => The second session.

Both instances of Conky should be running, independently from each other, each with its own config-file.


The toolbox snap (https://snapcraft.io/toolbox) ships some of these tools.

I think netstat is missing, but if you contact ondra through the contact link on the above website he will surely add it quickly to the snap ...


High load when playing music files audio or video

Ofcourse the problem was my harddisk. I replaced the harddisk after performing some SMART tests and critical tests failed. Now I listen to music 24/7


Is Juju a suitable tool for development as well as deployment?

This is a great question, and you're right that this topic isn't discussed often. We have been using Juju for development in our day-to-day activities for over a year so I wrote a blog post about it hoping to illustrate the power of using Juju for development.

http://fromanegg.com/post/121456490632/using-juju-for-development

Also keep in mind that a Juju Charm can be written using any programming language or DSL that can be executed on the host machine. This means it can use Puppet, Chef, Python, JavaScript, Docker, and pretty much anything else you would like to use. So you can create a Charm using your existing scripts to take advantage of all the other features Juju has to offer.


Running a startup program in terminal with sudo

Custom scripts that get executed on startup as root can be run via rc.local.

Edit /etc/rc.local with root rights:

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

and put the line

python /home/d/Jarvis/alarm.py

just before the last line, which should say exit 0.
Reboot to see if it worked.


Gparted growing partition grows used data too

This is just a guess, but it could be that the reserved space is what's growing, at least in part. Many Linux filesystems, including the Ubuntu default of ext4fs, enable setting aside a proportion of the filesystem (5% by default, IIRC) for use by root. The idea is that, if ordinary users fill a partition with files, root can log in and still create files in a repair attempt.

That said, 5% of 5.46 TB is 273 GB, whereas the observed "used" space is much less than that, at 89 GB. Thus, if this is what's happening, the reserved space must be much less than the default, or I'm not remembering the default value correctly.

Providing details of how you're determining the used space might be helpful. For instance, are you reading this off of GParted's window, using df, etc. Sometimes tools will give wildly different estimates because they're measuring different things, so knowing which tools are providing the estimates will tell those who are familiar with the tools what's going on.


Ubuntu 18.04 no DNS resolution when connected to OpenVPN

Problem

The file /etc/resolv.conf does not get updated by the /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf script because resolvconf is not installed by default on ubuntu 18.04.

In fact, one of the first lines of that script checks for the /sbin/resolvconf executable:

[ -x /sbin/resolvconf ] || exit 0

Installing resolvconf via apt-get is not a solution as the /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf script updates the /etc/resolv.conf file with the pushed DNS entry but the tun device seems to ignore it.

Solution

Ubuntu 18.04 uses systemd-resolved, so all you have to do is install the openvpn helper script for systemd-resolved via

sudo apt install openvpn-systemd-resolved

or with these GitHub instructions
Update your config.ovpn file adding these lines:

script-security 2
up /etc/openvpn/update-systemd-resolved
down /etc/openvpn/update-systemd-resolved
down-pre

That instead of adding up and down of /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf to the conf.
To prevent DNS Leakage, you should add this line to the end of the config.ovpn file (according to this systemd issue comment):

dhcp-option DOMAIN-ROUTE .


My HP Pro X2 612 touchscreen works fine with 15.10
No extra driver needed. Just the digitizer function sucks but that's no problem with the XPS 13.


How to dual boot Black Box Linux with Ubuntu?

Firstly, Back Box is a linux distribution, you will not actually be installing it "in" Ubuntu but rather it would be installed as a dual boot O/S.

This http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2180011 shows how to do similarly with Scientific Linux and Ubuntu 12.04LTS.  The principles will be the same.  You will need to make space for the new distribution, install it and update your Grub to "see" Back Box.  And, better yet, here is a mini-how-to on the Back Box forums.

Another possibility is to install the tools that exist in Back Box on to your Ubuntu installation.  This will save you from installing another O/S just to get forensic tools,  for example, which may be in Ubuntu's repository now.

There are many links about how to install multiple boot setups using different distributions of Linux.


12.10 is an unsupported release.  You can't depend on its software repositories being maintained anymore.

Your only valid upgrade path from 12.04 would be directly to 14.04 - the next LTS release.

Edit /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades and set Prompt=lts
Run do-release-upgrade in a terminal.


How to make an USB port work as USB 2.0 after it had a keyboard attached to it at boot time?

sudo /etc/init.d/udev restart

Should help. You attach the USB HDD and then unmount it, after that you use what's above.


update to Ubuntu 20.10 failed due to Package dependencies cannot be resolved: grub-efi-amd64-signed

Software Updater error message
Added a screenshot of the error message.
Note that you can simply deselect the entry for the:-
"GRand Unified Bootloader, version 2 (EFI-AMD64 version, signed)"
...in the Software Updater window to have the rest of the updates (new kernel, etc) install successfully.
Additional Info:-  In my case I'm running Ubuntu MATE 20.10 with a ZFS root on an HP 15S (AMD Ryzen 5-4500U)


The first prompt of login: is asking for your username. It will then prompt you for the password.

That should allow you to login


ffmpeg - concatenate 5 videos side by side

5 videos side-by-side
ffmpeg -i input0 -i input1 -i input2 -i input3 -i input4 -filter_complex \
"[0:v][1:v][2:v][3:v][4:v]hstack=inputs=5[v]
 [0:a][1:a][2:a][3:a][4:a]amix=inputs=5[a]" \
-map "[v]" -map "[a]" output.mp4

Questions

does [0:v] mean the 0th row to v-1'th row?

[0:v] refers to [input0:video]. [3:a] refers to [input3:audio]. This is how you tell a filter which input and stream types you want to use as an input. The order of inputs given to hstack dictates the order that they are arranged.
[v] is the arbitrary name given to the output from the hstack filter. You can choose almost any name. Same for [a].
-map "[v]" instructs ffmpeg to put the output from the hstack filter ([v]) into output.mp4.

what variables are the hstack command applied to for the line [0:v][1:v]hstack[top]?

Two inputs ([0:v][1:v]), the filter name (hstack), and an output label ([top]).

Why is it not hstack(input0,input1)?

Why would it be? The current syntax [input0][input1]filer=option0=value0:option1=value1[output] makes more sense to me.


I added command into ~/.xprofile, because it had to be run after the login and it uses X11.
Now, it works.


Install rt3572 driver for Asus Usb-N53 Adapter

I have doubt as to whether the relatively old file will compile, but you are using an older kernel; i.e. 3.2.0-58, so it may work. Let's try. Please get a temporary wired ethernet connection, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential

In the folder you extracted, open os > linux > config.mk with any text editor, such as gedit. Change HAS_WPA_SUPPLICANT=y and HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT_SUPPORT=y. Save and close the text editor.

Now back to the terminal and change to the directory with the file; for instance:

cd ~/Desktop/2011_1003_RT3572_Linux_STA_v2.5.0.0.DPO
make clean
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rt3572sta

Let us know if you get an error or get stuck.


If you have one operating system installed, and you want to wipe the disk and install another operating system, you don't have to do anything in the first operating system for this.

Every OS that has an installer (including Ubuntu and Windows) is capable of erasing the old operating system when you install it. This would apply equally well if you were erasing Windows and installing Ubuntu.

It's only if you want to keep your first OS that you sometimes need to do something in the first OS before installing the second.

When you install the second operating system (whether it be Windows or any other OS), you will be able to tell the installer where you want it installed. You will have the option to format the disk or remove existing partitions.

Therefore, you do not need to do anything in Ubuntu.

You could boot from an Ubuntu live CD and erase the existing partitions, but there is no reason for you to do that, because the Windows installer (like any operating system's installer) is quite capable of doing that as part of the installation process.

On the other hand, if you want to recover some files, such as personal documents, from the Ubuntu system, you can use Ubuntu for that. (But since your Ubuntu system works, I'm guessing you've already done that. If the installed Ubuntu system were broken, you could boot from an Ubuntu live CD and access your files. If you need help doing that, please feel free to post a new question about that.)

If you need specific assistance using the Windows installer to wipe out the pre-existing operating system (in this case Ubuntu), that is beyond the scope of our site. For questions about how to use the Windows installer, you can ask somewhere where Windows questions are answered, like Super User.


You should install grub again (because windows rewrites you MBR). To do this boot from your ubuntu cd/usb and  type in terminal:
sudo mount /dev/sda4 /mnt && sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda

In this case sda4 is the linux partition.

Then reboot and grub menu should be there and you will see Ubuntu too.


Dash (top left, ubuntu logo), then type "time" and it should be the only option. Set it from there.
Peace!


How can I fix “setenv command not found ” error ? (Ubuntu 12.04.4)

You have two options! Either run a csh compatible shell, or change the syntax of your command.

setenv VARIABLE value

is csh syntax (and you seem to know it). For ksh and bash the equivalent command is,

export VARIABLE=value

To run tcsh (after installing with sudo apt-get install tcsh) you can

tcsh

To switch your shell to tcsh "permanently",

chsh -s /usr/bin/tcsh

To switch back to bash,

chsh -s /bin/bash


GUI for monitoring CPU usage (including L1/L2 caches) in real time?

I seem to have proven my above comment incorrect. With perf, you can view system cache information much the same way ps will let you monitor cache hits/misses, which is just as good as anything else, as the cache is fully loaded as soon as enough data/instructions pass through it to fill it. Be aware that linux-tools (the package installed by apt for you to user perf) is kernel-specific. for instance when I went to install, I originally ran sudo apt-get install linux-tools-common, which then told me to install the correct version for my system (it even knew which kernel I was using!)

The link above suggests the command:

perf stat -e L1-dcache-loads -e L1-dcache-load-misses echo test test

Which didn't work on my system, likely due to the ancient 32-bit Intel Core Duo sitting in here (got a not supported return value). Newer systems I would expect to work more willingly, but your mileage may vary.


I have an MG4250 and both Ubuntu 12.04 and 16.04 (but not 14.04).  Canon advertise the (latest) driver as for 12.04 on their website.  It works fine in 12.04 but as described above in 16.04 (as well as colours being far too dark).

Note: This is after installing the third party driver referenced at Canon Printer Driver & ScanGear MP For Ubuntu 14.04 which presumably is expected to work for 14.04.

Workaround?  Install 12.04 on a separate partition and print from that rather than from Windows.  The 12.04 can see the other partition so you can get at your files without duplication.  Inconvenient but it works.

There may be other ways forward.


Dual Boot Ubuntu 12.10 and Windows 8 using Windows Installer

The windows installer will not touch your drives, it will simply add a option to the windows boot menu. ubuntu will boot but it runs off of a disk image. pretty safe.


cannot install any packages using terminal

It's possible that you have a stale repository and it's failing to find the right packages due to updates.

sudo apt-get update

And then try again.

Also, please post the error messages. Those would be a huge help in troubleshooting.


Open sudo crontab -e on terminal. At the top of the file set MAILTO=""

This should help you to disable email.

If need you can restart the cron using command /etc/init.d/crond restart


After reboot many times the problem persisted but after run "Disks" from a live Ubuntu CD and deactivate and reactivate the partition, the problem has gone.


Many new systems come with a newer "bootloader protection" setup so that Windows 10 will automatically run it's bootloader in an effort to stop malware and piracy. You usually have to disable this by entering the BIOS screen and either disabling "Secure Boot" or enabling "Legacy Boot" or disabling "UEFI". The terminology used differs between vendors and BIOS screens.

Some devices require you hold a button during startup for extra security, see your device documentation from the manufacturer if it's non obvious in your BIOS.


How to play a song when a virus is detected with clamav?

It appears clamscan(1) sends its output to stdout so pipe it to tee which will send the output to stdout and to a command that filters for "Virus detected" and whan that is found, it invokes your program to play music. From the clam AntiVirus user's manual, it appears the output will be what this line produces:

  printf("Virus detected: %s\n", virname);

Something like this should work:

clamscan |tee (grep "Virus detected" | yourprogram_or_script musicfile )

See https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vrtadmin/clamav-faq/master/manual/clamdoc.pdf and clamscan(1) and tee(1) for more info.


If you haven't touch the partition, or restarted your system, there might be a possibility to get most/some of the data back.  You can try using TestDisk.

TestDisk is powerful free data recovery software!

Make sure that you read about TestDisk to know how to use it before you attempt to recover anything.

Of course there is no guarantee that Testdisk will recover any of your data, but I think it worth a try.


System running in low-graphics mode on Dell system after software update

Users of Dell systems equipped with AMD graphics components running Ubuntu 16.04 may encounter system boot failure after carrying out an on-line update and it could be caused by the following 2 things:

Cause 1: The needed soft links in files under /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/ by the existing amdgpu dkms were overwritten by the mesa related packages in the update process, which results in a broken amdgpu driver.

Cause 2: The existing amdgpu dkms fails to build in the new kernel introduced by the on-line update, which also leads to a broken amdgpu driver.

Suggested recovery steps:

When prompted by a "The system is running in a low-graphics mode" dialog box, try to switch to a virtual console, for example, by pressing Ctrl + Alt + F3 at the same time. And log in there using your username and password.
Run the following command to remove the broken amdgpu driver and get the system to fall back to the built-in amdgpu:

sudo apt purge amdgpu-core amdgpu-dkms

Reboot the system and you should be able to successfully boot into Ubuntu Desktop this time.
You can opt to install the latest packaged amdgpu driver here for better support of AMD's Raven Ridge APU and WX series graphics cards.


To Install Kompozer, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install libatk1.0-0 libc6 libcairo2 libfontconfig1 libfreetype6 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libglib2.0-0 libgtk2.0-0 libidl0 libnspr4 libnss3 libpango1.0-0 libpng12-0 libstdc++6 libx11-6 libxft2 libxinerama1 libxrender1 libxt6 zlib1g

For 32 bit systems:

wget -c https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/kompozer-data_0.8~b3.dfsg.1-0.1ubuntu2_all.deb
wget -c https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/kompozer-dev_0.8~b3.dfsg.1-0.1ubuntu2_all.deb
wget -c https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/kompozer_0.8~b3.dfsg.1-0.1ubuntu2_i386.deb

Then do:

sudo dpkg -i kompozer*.deb
sudo apt-get install -f

For 64 bit systems:

wget -c https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/kompozer-data_0.8~b3.dfsg.1-0.1ubuntu2_all.deb
wget -c https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/kompozer-dev_0.8~b3.dfsg.1-0.1ubuntu2_all.deb
wget -c https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/kompozer_0.8~b3.dfsg.1-0.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb

Then do:

sudo dpkg -i kompozer*.deb
sudo apt-get install -f

Source:Install Kompozer


WiFi No Longer Works after Installing Xubuntu 16.04 on a Microsoft Surface Pro 1st Gen

Connect device to an ethernet

     sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/kvalo/ath10k-firmware.git
sudo cp -r ath10k-firmware/QCA9377 /lib/firmware/ath10k/
sudo cp /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin_WLAN.TF.1.0-00267-1 /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin

Reboot
You do not need Windows drivers and ndiswrapper
This has been recently fixed upstream, follow the instructions to install the backported modules and needed firmware

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r) git
echo "options ath10k_core skip_otp=y" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath10k_core.conf
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v4.4.2/backports-4.4.2-1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf backports-4.4.2-1.tar.gz
cd backport-4.4.2-1
make defconfig-wifi
make
sudo make install
git clone https://github.com/kvalo/ath10k-firmware.git
sudo cp -r ath10k-firmware/QCA9377 /lib/firmware/ath10k/
sudo cp /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin_WLAN.TF.1.0-00267-1 /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin

And it should work after a reboot
It will fail when a new kernel is installed through updates until the kernel is patched to support the wifi. When that happens you will need to

cd backports-4.4.2-1
make clean
make defconfig-wifi
make
sudo make install

And reboot

Source: Qualcomm Atheros Device [168c:0042] (rev 30) Wi-Fi driver installation


I finally did it by following the answers to this question. First, unmount whatever gvfs is. It's apparently causing problems. So for me this looked like:

umount /run/user/1000/gvfs

Now, an important oversight. You need to direct the ecryptfs recovery command not to the /home/user, but to the .Private directory! For whatever reason it says success, but is lying if you point it to the /home/user.

sudo ecryptfs-recover-private /home/.ecryptfs/user/.Private

Now you should have actual success and be able to launch nautilus and access the files


You may add -s to your read command, so it would become:
read -r -s password

From read --help:

-r    do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
-s    do not echo input coming from a terminal


I found the exact same thing. I also found that not many people here operate in mixed environments as I could find no information about getting MAAS to boot from PXE when using a Windows DHCP server. Having that link be broken and not fixed since December 20th is extremely frustrating for those of us who rely on the docs pointing to AVAHIBOOT.

Anyway, beyond the rant. Here is the link I used to access the old page. Hope it helps you!

-James

Edit: The actual link:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ServerTeam/MAAS/AvahiBoot?action=recall&rev=2


Internet connection does not start automatically

Run the following command:

echo "r8169" | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

This command will put the module at the end of  /etc/modules file so that the module will be loaded on boot.


udev script to change libinput settings for middle-button scrolling (answered with xorg file, better solution)

It is possible to do this with a configuration file on /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/41-libinput-local.conf

These contents work for a specific device:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "Logitech USB Receiver Mouse"
        MatchIsPointer "on"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Driver "libinput"
        Option "ScrollButton" "2"
        Option "ScrollMethod" "button"
        Option "NaturalScrolling" "true"
EndSection

It works when the device is hot plugged after the session begins, and it survives during suspend/resume, as reported by Tim (OP).

References:

man(4) libinput
man xorg.conf
Archlinux: Mouse Acceleration


How to see from the terminal what file I am downloading from Firefox or Chrome

When you are downloading a file in Chrome you can go to the download directory and search for files that have the .crdownload postfix. After download is finished the file is being renamed and the postfix is removed.

In Firefox the mechanism is very similar and the extension .part is being added.


QtCreator crashes on registering namespace

There is a little older version on the official repositories:

$ sudo apt-get install qt5-default
$ sudo apt-get install qtcreator

You can also install QtCreator 2.8.1 from here (I'm using this package).


Is there a shell-independent HUD-like menu search tool for Xfce/GNOME/Cinnamon?

I prefer Synapse over Gnome-Do.

It seems that there is some discussion about bringing this feature to Synapse.


Error Installing imtools Ubuntu 14.04 x64

I edited the makefile as follows:

object = image.o jpeg.o main.o -lGL -lGLU bmp.o edge.o png.o stats.o trans.o -lm raw.o

imtool:$(object)
    cc -o imtool $(object) -ljpeg -lpng -lglut
jpeg.o: jpeg.h
raw.o: raw.h
image.o: image.h
main.o: defs.h glx.h
edge.o: edge.h
trans.o: trans.h
png.o: png.h png.c
    cc -c png.c -o png.o -g
stats.o : stats.h
bmp.o:
.PHONY : clean
clean:
    rm *.o

added -lm -lGL -lGLU and it's working fine now :)


League of Legends from windows on Ubuntu 14.04

You will need to download League of Legends again, but, you will need a program named Wine, that makes almost any Windows program/game run on Ubuntu, or, like Rinzwid commented, install Virtual Box with Windows then install LOL on it. Hope that it solved your problem =) (sorry for bad English, I am Brazilian).


Unable to download updates from "odrs.gnome.org": failed to download https://odrs.gnome.org/1.0/reviews/api/ratings: Service Unavailable:

this work for me

sudo apt autoremove gnome-software && sudo apt install gnome-software

maybe can try with another ideas from this site


As long as you install official kernels released by Canonical, everything is ok and you should do all those updates because they concern your system's security mainly.  The fact that the old kernel is not removed, gives you the opportunity to reboot and use it in case something doesn't work as it should with the updated one.

One thing you should not do, is to use mainstream kernels with Ubuntu.  They are not fine tuned for the OS and they lack all the drivers released by Canonical and are contained in the linux-image-extra package.


What do I do after extracting *.tar.gz file?

You have downloaded a compiled version of RoboMongo. Ordinarily such packages can be placed in either of 2 locations:

$HOME/bin
/usr/local/bin

I show the second option in this answer:

tar xvf robomongo-0.9.0-rc7-linux-x86_64-2b7a8ca.tar.gz
cd robomongo-0.9.0-rc7-linux-x86_64-2b7a8ca
sudo mv -v bin/* /usr/local/bin && sudo mv -v lib/* /usr/local/lib

If you then open the application with the command robomongo from the command line you will then have an option (for Xenial at least) on the sidebar to right click and 'Add to Dash' or 'Lock to Launcher':

It is not very tidy but this archive is not a fully developed package as such and lacks neat installation and removal options. However removal can be done manually with the following two commands:

sudo rm -v /usr/local/bin/{qt.conf,robomongo}
sudo rm -rfv /usr/local/lib/{imageformats,libQt5DBus.so,\
libQt5PrintSupport.so.5.5.1,\
libicudata.so.54,libQt5DBus.so.5,libQt5Widgets.la,\
libicudata.so.54.1,libQt5DBus.so.5.5,libQt5Widgets.prl,\
libicui18n.so.54,libQt5DBus.so.5.5.1,libQt5Widgets.so,\
libicui18n.so.54.1,libQt5Gui.la,libQt5Widgets.so.5,\
libicuuc.so.54,libQt5Gui.prl,libQt5Widgets.so.5.5,\
libicuuc.so.54.1,libQt5Gui.so,libQt5Widgets.so.5.5.1,\
libQt5Core.la,libQt5Gui.so.5,libQt5XcbQpa.la,\
libQt5Core.prl,libQt5Gui.so.5.5,libQt5XcbQpa.prl,\
libQt5Core.so,libQt5Gui.so.5.5.1,libQt5XcbQpa.so,\
libQt5Core.so.5,libQt5PrintSupport.la,libQt5XcbQpa.so.5,\
libQt5Core.so.5.5,libQt5PrintSupport.prl,libQt5XcbQpa.so.5.5,\
libQt5Core.so.5.5.1,libQt5PrintSupport.so,libQt5XcbQpa.so.5.5.1,\
libQt5DBus.la,libQt5PrintSupport.so.5,platforms,\
libQt5DBus.prl,libQt5PrintSupport.so.5.5,platformthemes}

It takes a little bit of manual fiddling but this works nicely on my system and should on yours as well...


Juju services are not deploying correctly

Tha it's work! I again install ubuntu server and this time everything goes well but one thing.
Now when I juju status I see this:

2012-10-04 13:32:21,110 INFO Connected to environment.
machines:
  0:
    agent-state: running
    dns-name: node-00127968a7be.local
    instance-id: /MAAS/api/1.0/nodes/node-ab7c5eb6-0e08-11e2-bb37-001185e67955/
    instance-state: unknown
  1:
    agent-state: running
    dns-name: node-001185e677fe
    instance-id: /MAAS/api/1.0/nodes/node-82beae92-0e09-11e2-a134-001185e67955/
    instance-state: unknown
  2:
    agent-state: running
    dns-name: node-001185e6772b.local
    instance-id: /MAAS/api/1.0/nodes/node-5c21dc18-0e0a-11e2-a134-001185e67955/
    instance-state: unknown
services:
  mysql:
    charm: cs:precise/mysql-8
    relations:
      db:
      - wordpress
    units:
      mysql/0:
        agent-state: started
        machine: 1
        public-address: node-001185e677fe.localdomain
  wordpress:
    charm: cs:precise/wordpress-9
    exposed: true
    relations:
      db:
      - mysql
      loadbalancer:
      - wordpress
    units:
      wordpress/0:
        agent-state: started
        machine: 2
        open-ports:
        - 80/tcp
        public-address: node-001185e6772b.local

public adress seems be strange because it's name of my nodes. I check on my router adress of node where is wordpress and type on webbrowser but I get

  502 Bad Gateway nginx/1.1.19

I don't know what to do. Please help me.


Access to the terminal while you are on Vim

You can send vim the SIGTSTP signal. You do this by pressing ctrl+z. Vim will get suspended in the background, and you can use the terminal. Type fg in the terminal to resume with vim.

Bonus tip: This works on nearly all terminal applications. Use bg to enable the application to continue running in the background.


How to hibernate PC at certain time via Terminal?

Use sleep or at:

sleep 60; pm-hibernate

at now + 1 minute <<<pm-hibernate


This should be the one Ubuntu 13.04 image.


gdebi-core isn't recognized as a command

you have to install gdebi-core . you can install it with

sudo apt-get install gdebi-core and then type as

sudo gdebi webmin_1.620_all.deb

( Or )
Direct way

sudo dpkg -i webmin_1.620_all.deb

this is also used to install .deb files in Ubuntu.


How do I prevent access to the system settings for a user or group?

i think students cant change the system settings if they dont user root user.
if u want to manage groups and user create new account u can get help from the link below.
http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/36845/the-beginners-guide-to-managing-users-and-groups-in-linux/

thanks,


Fn+F6 & F7 does not work for screen brightness in 12.04

Try this:

open your terminal and type this

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

and find a line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor"

and change it to like that. then close the editor and do sudo update-grub and give a restart. check it out now.


Can I run shell script together with application?

Just add full path to your script into Startup Applications to make it start automatically upon login. Open Unity Dash and add it as new command.
Of course, make sure you script has executable permissions with chmod +x /path/to/script.sh

To address the issue of chrome deleting cache on startup ( which is undesirable , as mentioned in the comments), use polling with while-loop to wait for chrome to appear.

while true; do

    # Wait for chrome window to appear
    while ! pgrep -l 'chrome' ; do : ; sleep 20; done

    # Now wait for it to disappear
    while pgrep -l 'chrome' ; do : ; sleep 20; done

    # Once chrome window disappears, delete cache.
    rm -rf ~/.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/*
    rm -rf ~/.cache/google-chrome/Default/"Media Cache"/*
    notify-send "CCD" "Cache deleted!"

    # And at this point we restart the whole process again.

done


Will a package I compile myself perform better than installing from the repositories?

Unless you are doing serious optimization during the build, or making significant changes to what features you are building, for very complex programs, it is very unlikely you will see any performance benefit. And even with the serious optimizations, you will still only see minimal improvement. There's no real advantage to building applications in such a manner, on Ubuntu, for the most part.


This is a duplicate question...

As answered by zguell on a similar question;

Step 1. Install the Wine Team Ubuntu PPA

First start by installing Wine btw it's a utility to install windows apps in linux :

open the Terminal and :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install wine1.7 winetricks

Step 2. Using winetricks to get install dependencies for Photoshop CS6

Now that we have the most recent build of wine, we can get started on fetching the necessary build packages to run the Photoshop installer.

Here’s the command to issue and pull those dependencies

winetricks atmlib gdiplus msxml3 msxml6 vcrun2005 vcrun2005sp1 vcrun2008 ie6 fontsmooth-rgb gecko

If a few errors pop-up, don’t worry – chances are this install will still work.

Step 3. Running the Photoshop CS6 installer

Now that you have all dependencies required to run Photoshop CS6, you can now run the Adobe setup. Either right click Setup.exe, or from the terminal:

cd /home/user/path/to/installer
wine Set-up.exe

If everything worked as intended, you are now done. Photoshop should install like any other program via wine – It should even automatically appear in your programs list!

Also checkout Adobe photoshop cs6 on the wine database


Libreoffice crashes when saving document (tried deleting profile dir)

That seems to be an issue of libreoffice-kde package. Looks like it is this already filled bug
http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=695025

As a workaround, you either uninstall libreoffice-kde or disable the kde file dialog in Tools > Options > General by checking Use LibreOffice dialogs.


how to recover openbox desktop environment

First, remove any files related to openbox that might be present on your system:

sudo apt-get purge openbox obconf obmenu
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean

After that, run an update and install the openbox environment:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openbox obconf obmenu


First you need to know the name of this program's executable. After you know it, just run 'which executable_name' and it will show you the path to the executable file.


Wifi adapter did not work in hp pavilion 15-au172tx laptop

Connect to internet by wire and run

sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-16.04 linux-firmware

and reboot.

This device is supported by newer kernels.


Ubuntu 16.04 on MacBook Pro 2014 - 'iucode-tool 1.5.2-1' should I install it?

iucode-tool should be installed together with the intel-microcode package.  It is (automatically) used by the intel-microcode package to update the initramfs.

intel-microcode has the microcode update data for hundreds of Intel processors, and iucode-tool is used to copy only the data that is needed by a specific processor into the initramfs so that the kernel can load it during early boot.

iucode-tool is also used to build the intel-microcode binary packages from several Intel data files included in the intel-microcode source package.

Normal users should always install the intel-microcode package to increase system stability.  This will also install the iucode-tool package as a dependency, since the intel-microcode package needs it.


Upgrade from Kubuntu 9.10 to Ubuntu 10.04

The best thing to do would be to first upgrade to 10.04 normally. Make sure everything is at least working the way you want it to. Then, to start the transition, install the ubuntu-desktop package in Synaptic or via the command-line. That will pull in a bunch of new applications and dependencies.

Afterwards, reboot, and you'll should have GNOME ready to use. If you don't see it, choose "Ubuntu Desktop" or "GNOME" from the login screen. You will still have a lot of KDE applications installed at this point; remove or keep whatever you see fit.

Another thing to note is that you may be asked which display manager you want to use (gdm or kdm), simply select GDM to get the GNOME display manager and sign in from there. KDM should still work fine as well and you can also continue to use that if you like.

Once you've got it all cleaned up, remove the kubuntu-desktop package to stop receiving updates to the Kubuntu distribution on future upgrades. Enjoy.


Basically you have to do it like this: (pseudocode, sorry)

location /administration/ {
    <auth_stuff here>
    location ~ \.php {
        <php inside auth here>
    }
}

That's because auth only affects the location it is in.

I guess you could try removing ^~ (which tells nginx to stop searching, so the php location never matches for that directory) and see if it still requires auth despite not being explicitely required in the PHP block. It probably won't...

Unrelated but please also read http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls#Passing_Uncontrolled_Requests_to_PHP


How to boot from live USB to reinstall Ubuntu on iMac running Ubuntu 20.04lts

before starting your iMac plug in the USB key
after starting the iMac press and hold the alt key immediately until boot menu with drives appears
select the USB key and you're ready to go.


How to get Ubuntu 13.10 installer to recognize Windows' existence?

if you want to install UBUNTU 13.10 try live version and go through installation steps and install your UBUNTU if you have a windows on your machine it will recognize you windows and save its bootloader , I've done the same way on my dekstop and my laptop and it went well .
I had windows 7 on both machin's


LibreOffice cpu usage 50% in Ubuntu and Xubuntu 15.10

Problem solved.
Latest LO has problem while 4.4 version has no problem.
I found mint xfce has LO 4.4.
So I deleted LO 5.0 and installed old version in xubuntu.
Problem solved.
But developers should fix something for new version.


what is the "super" key for linux shortcuts?

The super key is the key with the windows logo on it, on regular windows keyboards.

Most of the time it is between CTRL and ALT.


Installing Ubuntu, but not getting a install menu

You will get an option to decide the partitioning strategy, "Allocate Drive Space", which will offer options like "Install alongside windows", "Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu", and "Something Else".

You should of course select "Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu".


Laptop doesn't show systems menu while booting

If you are already in the Ubuntu, you can change the boot order by using Grub Customizer.

Just install it by typing this command in Ubuntu terminal:

sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

This Grub Customizer has a Graphical User Interface. Once you open the program in Ubuntu, there would be some option to set the computer boot order.

(http://itsfoss.com/windows-default-os-dual-boot-ubuntu-1304-easy/)

In case of you face some more problem, you can read more possible solutions from:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot

or

windows 8.1 changes boot order

Good Luck


How can I use unused disk space for my partition?

If anyone faces the same problem as I do, this trick will do:

sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1

Note that you need to state your own partition name, so replace /dev/sda1 with yours partition name


Unable to install updates or anny programs after upgrade

Have you looked at the answers to this question?

I actually researched which problem I could solve for hours. Then I did yours. I think it took me an hour or so. Then I found my answer. Then I saw a previous answer given to you as I posted mine.I don't know much but it seems like I am on the same page now.


My system update requires installation of untrusted packages

Try running sudo apt-get clean and sudo apt-get update.


How do I install a nice notification indicator for the keyboard layout?

This is a bug that should be fixed in the next release, in the meantime
 there is a workaround:

  Included in the tarball are the 246 iso country coded "flag" icons for the keyboard indicator in 22px size for a dark panel background. Each of these flags consists of a box with the two letters of the iso code inside.

  By untarring this archive into ~/.icons/ should create a folder called flags containing all of the files.

  Next run in the terminal:

gconftool-2 --type boolean --set /desktop/gnome/peripherals/keyboard/indicator/showFlags "True"

  Which will enable keyboard indicator flags.

The tarball mentioned above: flags.tar.bz2

Flag icons for the Faenza icon set: [Default] [Dark Panel]


Matching the lines that have more then one space and printing them

You can list the names of any .smi files in which any line contains two adjacent spaces with

grep --include='*.smi' -rl '  ' .

If you want to output the lines themselves, then remove the l option.


Connection string depends of software you use, but yes, if you are on same machine with webserver and database, you refer to it as localhost or 127.0.0.1 or by hostname too, if you wish.


Blocking specific MAC address from contacting me

You can drop from a source MAC address, yeah:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -m mac --mac-source 00:00:00:00:00:AA -j DROP

Obviously, you'll need to change that address.

If you want to make that permanent, make sure ufw is installed and then edit /etc/ufw/before.rules to have something like this before the COMMIT:

-A ufw-before-input -m mac --mac-source 00:00:00:00:00:AA -j DROP


How to enable hiding grub menu on a dual-boot system?

I was trying to do the same and I found great help in the Ubuntu Forums, particularly in this thread.

Assuming you did the right thing with /etc/default/grub, correctly setting GRUB_TIMEOUT and #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT (I'd say respectively to 0 and 5) and even GRUB_DEFAULT to specify the default image to boot, here's the procedure to have it work the right way.

Add those lines

GRUB_FORCE_HIDDEN_MENU="true"
export GRUB_FORCE_HIDDEN_MENU

to the end of /etc/default/grub
Backup your /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober and overwrite it with the version found here.
Run the command: sudo update-grub to update the settings.
Test it! To show the menu you have to hold the SHIFT key at startup.

This problem is related to the multi OS setup and editing the script is one of the way to correct that.

PS: This answer is exatcly the same given to another identical question


The installation is pretty simple:

Remove all partitions that are not the 600Gb.
Create partitions for / and if you want for /home and if you want for swap.

  Can I access DATA after installation which is in NTFS format.

Yes, all you need to do is mount the disc as shown here https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MountingWindowsPartitions with the ntfs-3g driver.

It -is- as simple as this.


Shrink Root partition and allocate free space to Home partition

Making Changes to Installation Partitions

If you want to make changes to the partitions on your hard disk, they have to be unmounted first.  This means that you will have to boot into a live environment either off of a CD/DVD or a USB drive, then use GParted or a similar program to alter your partitions.  I'll warn you, though, doing this CAN DAMAGE YOUR INSTALLATION!  Make sure that you check and double check the changes before you apply them.  This is the order that you will likely want to follow:

Backup all your data
Boot into live environment and start GParted
Shrink the root partition to whatever size
Expand the home partition to fill in the space.
Apply changes
Reboot

Note that if you are expanding a partition that has data on it, the process could take quite long because the data has to be copied to the new addresses.

I can't stress enough that you need to CHECK AND DOUBLE CHECK!  I know from experience what kind of problems a simple little error can cause.

In Case of Boot Failure

If, after you make the changes, your installation no longer boots, boot back into the live environment, and install and run boot-repair

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

then run the default recommended repair to fix your GRUB installation.


UNOCONV (Universal Office Converter) on Ubuntu 14.04

Try the following command to list installed packages and search for unoconv in the results:

apt list | grep "unoconv"


How does deja-dup react to whole folders being moved?

duplicity, which Déjà Dup is built upon on, does not have any such intelligence. Hence any moved or renamed files will be treated as new files.


Virtual Host not working as expected when I'm using .dev domain extension

First choice domain extension different from .dev. Last year Google bought .dev, .foo and some other domain extensions. Now the redirection to https:// of these is hard coded in some browsers. More details could be find in this helpful answer.

Then edit your /etc/hosts file in this way (more details could be fund in this answer):

127.0.0.1   localhost example.local www.example.local

Then edit your <virtual-host>.conf file in the following way:

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName example.local
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAdmin admin@example.local

    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/example/public
    <Directory /var/www/html/example/public/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

Now, reload Apache's configuration and try to access http://example.local.


Activities configurator not working after upgrade to GNOME 3.18

It would be possible to change the supported version as described in your linked answer, but that's not necessary, because GNOME 3.18 is supported. Usually you should see an Update button in the tweak tool. I have no idea, why not in this case.

But you could also use this link to deactivate and activate/update the Activities Configurator.

Or the hard way

rm -r ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/activities-config@nls1729/

and install the extension again. To do that, open this link in your Firefox and activate the extension.

Close and open the tweak tool to see the updated extension.


`bash: scp: command not found` while I do have `scp` in `$PATH`

To be able to use scp, you need the scp binary in both client and server (and therefore installed openssh-client package)!


RASPBERRY PI 4 :PermitRootLogin yes but can't login with root

I've got only Pi3 (now with raspbian 10) and some other machines with ubuntu 18.

But I have just tested what are you writing about.
Everything is working as expected. And I can login with root account.
So.. mb this will help.

What type of authentication do you want to use? (pubkey vs password etc)
Just set-up keys (and dirs (permissions)) or password.
Enable PubkeyAuthentication or PasswordAuthentication in sshd_config.
Set PermitRootLogin (yes or without-password).
Reload ssh daemon.

Don't forget to check pam (pam.d dir - ssh, login) ecosystem if used
there can be also active restrictions.

And try login once again ;)

If this doesn't help check the logs (also /etc/securetty)


Appending searching instructions when opening a browser from the terminal

You can use Tor Browser pretty much like any Firefox from the command line. For all the options type

./start-tor-browser.desktop --help

For example to pass it a URL to open on startup, type

./start-tor-browser.desktop www.duckduckgo.com

You can also define a default search engine and pass it a search term using the --search option.

Edit: The same works with plain Firefox of course.


can't install both packages duplicity and python-gi

Both duplicity and python-gi are indeed in the 16.04 repositories.

This kind of error generally occurs on a new install if you have not run sudo apt update for the first time yet, as the apt data base is still empty.


Is there any remote desktop with sound and video capabilities allowing 2 different users work simultaniousely (a local and a remote one)?

It's a little late to post this, but for anyone who comes across this thread:

I use x2go for remote sessions with wound. It's based on the open sourced version of NXserver.
Nomachine also has released a free trial of their latest NXserver which is better in some ways and not in others. It's closed source however.

Using either program, you can then use a program called 'virtualgl' to run 3D accellerated apps inside your 2D remote session. I haven't found a way to use virtualgl to provide 3D acceleration for the desktop session, only individual applications launched within the session using 'vglrun'.
You can play 3D games over the network by starting them with vglrun, but I found that games run in wine don't work. :( You can run wine games via 'vglconnect' outside of x2go/Nomachine4, but unfortunately that doesn't have sound support, and I couldn't find any way of streaming sound, although I found a forum post outlining how that could be done, but it was over my head...

Getting virtualgl to work for multiple user sessions is a bit of a pain too, because you have to make changes to your X-server configuration.
There are instructions on that here:
http://www.virtualgl.org/vgldoc/2_1/#hd005002

But those are old, and it was fiddly because I had to remove lightdm and install GDM from memory, and I seem to recall my computer getting screwed up when I enabled auto-login with GDM set up in place of lightdm...


I resolved the problem by:

gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv-key  <key_in_hexadicimal>
gpg -a --export <key_in_hexadicimal> | sudo apt-key add -

Where  is simply the key that is displayed in front of any URL in /etc/apt/sources.list


Take into account that:

second command could only start when the first terminates (or go to background);
-e option will stop the execution if a command returns a nonzero exit code.


Cannot mount nfs4 share: no such file or directory

The value 0 has a special meaning when use with NFSv4. NFSv4
has a concept of a root of the overall exported filesystem. The
export point exported with fsid=0 will be used as this root.

Therefore include fsid=0 into /etc/exports
and then do the following:

mount -t nfs4 <serverip>:/ /localmount/point

and not

mount -t nfs4 <serverip>:/exports /localmount/point

That's it.


In Ubuntu-MATE, Is there a way to create keyboard shortcut for panel launcher icons?

There is no direct way to attach a keyboard to launch the icons on your panel. However, you can create such shortcuts using "Keyboard Shortcuts" in the settings. From a practical user point of view, the effect will be the same. The only issue is that these shortcuts will not automatically update if you reposition a launcher on your panel - you will need to edit your keyboard shortcuts to reflect changes on your panel.


SSH : connection refused after installing freenx

That was a problem with my IP address. turns out there were another machine with the same IP as mine. (Broadcast IP was shared between two machine).
and because of that the ssh connection and in relation the NX connection was refused.


Recover from a corrupted filesystem when fsck do not help

Finally found this link where file system type ext4 gets a bashing but after giving all the tips I'd already tried, it finally says do this:

sudo mkfs.ext4 -S /dev/sda1

  This will replace all your superblocks with correct data, assuming the blocksize is guessed correctly (the default is correct for most systems.) If you need to use this, please read the man page on -S first. Don't blame me!

but only if you feel lucky.

It fixed the partition so I could read it again. However, I had to run fsck to fix the errors that were still there, and that dumped the content of /etc and a lot of other stuff into /lost+found so I'm going to have to do a re-install and restore from back-up to get it going again.


Printing to a printer connected to a wireless router

You need go to  /localhost:631/ and follow my step

click "Add Printer"

You will see printer on "Discovered Network Printers:" but i havent .

and manager will help you

NOTE : if answer is true please confirm it . mewbies can forget it


The safest way to backup GPG and SSH keys

This is how I would back up secure data like this. I'm assuming because you're using ssh keys that you're comfortable on the command line.

Move all the keys to a single folder.
Make a tar archive of that folder. tar -cf keys.tar /path/to/keys/folder
Then I'd encrypt the tar file with OpenSSL, using the command openssl aes-256-cbc -a -in keys.tar -out keys.tar.aes and give it a secure password.
All your keys are now encrypted in the one .aes file. You can safely move that to your backup device.
When you're ready to open the files, run openssl aes-256-cbc -d -in keys.tar.aes -out keys.tar. Then extract the tar archive with tar -xvf keys.tar


This solution works for me, hope it does for you.

click open the directory on drive you wish do duplicate.
go to up until you reach wineprefix folder
copy folders in folder wineprefix
after copying is done rename new folder
exit and open playonlinux
start application from new drive

unfortunately playonlinux vault is not working, does not exist any more, so you can archive the new folder with 7z or some compression software


I had this same issue when trying to use google phone in the browser.

What I did to resolve my problem was this:

-- System Setting -> Sound -> Input Tab and select the device you want i.e. Microphone LifeCam HD-5000 and then exit the "Sound" window/box. Now the next time you use something that requires the microphone it should use that device. i.e. just click on the device you want to use and exit the sound window that's it. Now its set to default.

Optionally you can select the speaker from the top of your screen near the clock (typical place) and select "Sound Settings" to get to the same location.

This is on Ubuntu 12.04


GUI upgrade to 19.10 stuck on a Configuring Secure Boot Window

Press Tab to Navigate to OK.

Then press Enter to accept.


How to install 32-bit deb package on 64-bit ubuntu?

You can install a 32 bit package on ubuntu use dpkg with the flag --ignore-depends. If you do that dependencies of this package should be ignored.

So I would try:

sudo dpkg -i --force-architecture --ignore-depends hp-netconnect_1.2-12_i386.deb

Alternatively you can as well ignore missing dependencies with apt by attach --ignore-missing flag.


Cannot get past Dell "setup" while installing Ubuntu on a USB

It may be that the computer does not fully support booting from a USB stick, even in the off chance it supports booting from an external hard drive. Go into the bios (I believe it is F2 on dells) and go over to the boot page/tab. Move the USB option up above all hard drives. If it does not support booting from USB, then try burning a DVD and boot from that.


Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS for IBM POWER8 runs on Openpower servers

It appears so. IBM has a list of supported features for Ubuntu on POWER8 computers, and I don't see a reason they would have a list if Ubuntu couldn't run on the processor anyway. There is also a question on this site that asks a question about viewing the CPU speeds from Ubuntu on a POWER8 machine. They have it working, so it must be installable.

In short, you really have to just try it out. In most cases, there's no way to tell whether or not it will work, since everyone's experience is at least slightly different. Try it out and see.

IBM's Feature List

Question about CPU Speeds


/sbin/getty process causing 100% CPU utilization

Finally I also encountered this issue on a Ubuntu 12.10 Server VPS.

But as I don't need any tty (because I'm connecting by ssh) I fixed it the hard way:

sudo rm /etc/init/tty*
sudo reboot

And it works pretty well! no more getty process stuck.


HP Deskjet F2400 no longer shows up in CUPS web interface

Had to run the following on the clients:

lpadmin -p Deskjet-F2400-series -E -v ipp://192.168.1.33/printers/Deskjet-F2400-series

The printer now shows up in the cups interface on clients and is listed on applications on clients.


How to install Firefox (to be ran in headless mode) on a Ubuntu non-desktop server with minimal dependencies?

As you can see in your linked bug report it's currently impossible to build Firefox without hard dependencies on GTK3, Glib, D-Bus. The same goes for X11 (e. g. via X.org or Xvfb) on Linux.


Any way to make 3DS Powersave work on Ubuntu (Wily)/Wine?

Something you can try is running it in a Virtualbox virtual machine, with a version of Windows, and then giving it access to a USB port. It's pretty low level, so I have my doubts, but I think it's worth a shot.


Not able to connect to school wifi network in Ubuntu 16.04 - need to edit ca-certificate

edit the file:

gedit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

add these at the end of the file:

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

restart the network manager:

sudo service network-manager restart


How to install Ubuntu on a USB drive without it being a Read-Only filesystem?

Write support for HFS+ in Linux is very experimental and disabled by default. You cannot write (that includes permission changes) to such a file system without jumping through some hoops and risking the integrity of your data, but I you don't need to either to perform a backup.

Since the files on the OS X file system belong to another user as the default user on the Ubuntu live system, you probably need to access them as super user. To start Nautilus, the default file manager, as super user, open a terminal window and run:

gksudo nautilus


Why does the screen refuse to lock after I installed LXDE?

Okay, first, be sure GNOME Screensaver is installed (it's not really a screensaver manager, but more of just a daemon to handle locking/unlocking the screen):

sudo apt-get install gnome-screensaver

Then, reconfigure LightDM to incorporate the changes (credit to iSeth for the original suggestion,):

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

Finally, reboot. Everything will be fixed! Both LXDE and Unity/GNOME can now be locked without problems!


Synchronizing Thunderbird15.0.1-Contacts with cardDAV-Server without using SOGO-Connector

The Cardbook addon completely replaces Thunderbird's built-in address book and provides support for CardDAV. It directly connects to your server using URL, username and password -- no data leakage (as far as I can tell without having checked the sources). This seems to work fine with my own Radicale server.

Nota bene: If you use HTTPS with a server that does not have a valid certificate (in particular a self-signed one) you need to add an exception for that server in Thunderbird's certificate configuration dialogue first. Otherwise, Cardbook will just report failed validation of the login credentials.


I ran the following command after pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1 and logging in:

sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx
sudo reboot


Ctrl+Alt+T should open the terminal. If that doesn't work, try logging in to Unity 2D (option from clicking on the cog at the login screen). From there run:

unity --reset

and failing that, try:

unity --replace

to completely restore Unity. (note: it doesn't show up well in my browser, but both the above codes had two consecutive dashes)

If you can live without the flashy graphics/interface and want a stable system then avoid CCSM like the plague until they sort it out. It seems to be causing nothing but trouble.

I literally just overcame this problem, not sure how long it will last though. Do your googling and you will find the solution - this page helped me:

http://sqizit.bartletts.id.au/2011/11/07/unity-launchersidebar-missing-on-ubuntu-11-10/

Best of luck.

Will


Where are Empathy's contact-links stored?

the links are in ~/.local/share/folks/relationships.ini

An empathy developer just answered me on his blog.


Cannot find module 'crypto-js' Ubuntu 14.04

npm usually does not need sudo to install anything. Can u install crypto-js module without sudo?

Also, I am little confused about your project structure. Is your home folder your project folder too?

Besides, you can always load a module at runtine using require (see https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_module_require_id)


I did finally get it to work by using the ALSA upgrade script on ubuntuforums. The first time I ran it, I got compile errors when running this line:

sudo ./AlsaUpgrade-1.0.23-2.sh -c

I went back and ran

sudo ./AlsaUpgrade-1.0.23-2.sh -s

to get the snapshot ALSA release for Maverick, and that did it.


How to rotate touch screen input on Ubuntu 16.04?

The answer here worked for me on Debian, so it may work for you too.

I've copied it below in case the link breaks.

  by NeillyThere » Mon Sep 23, 2013 11:39 am
  The X11 Y-axis problem - a simple solution!

  If you've got the problem with the Y-axis being inverted (it goes up as you move down, or vice-versa), a simple solution is as follows:

  Using your preferred text editor with sudo (or root access) edit usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-evdev.conf
  It contains configuration details for evdev (that which handles the touchscreen). You'll note that the file is divided into several (5) sections following the comment block at the top. Each section beginning with the word Section and ending with the word EndSection (yes it is obvious but ...). One of those sections, most probably the last one will be:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "evdev touchscreen catchall"
        MatchIsTouchscreen "on"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Driver "evdev"
EndSection

  before that EndSection insert a new line:

Option "InvertY" "true"

  So the section now reads:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "evdev touchscreen catchall"
        MatchIsTouchscreen "on"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Driver "evdev"
        Option "InvertY" "true"
EndSection

  Save the file and try starting X11 again.
  I've successfully tested this on both the 2013-07-26 and 2013-09-10 versions of Raspbian.

  So hopefully problem solved.

This worked for me after a reboot.


There already exists command apt-cache dumpavail which will list all available packages from all enabled repositories. Behind the scenes it actually reads from files stored in /var/lib/apt/lists/ directory (I've done strace of the command, and that's what the output shows) . My guess would be that Gnome Software parses those very same files and organizes those into categories.

Problem is that the actual data has lines that start with Package: for package names and Section: to which they belong, but Section: lines are not organized exactly the same as in Gnome Software.  However, with a little bit of command line magic, we can come close to something like that. What I propose is a function

filter_sections()
{
  apt-cache dumpavail | \
  awk -v SEARCH="$@" '/^Package:/{ PKG=$0  }\
    /Section:/ && $0~SEARCH {printf PKG" "$0"\n"}'
}

With that function we can list all packages by sections, for instance:

$ filter_sections web | head
Package: apache2 Section: web
Package: awstats Section: web
Package: curl Section: web
Package: heat-api Section: web
Package: heat-api-cfn Section: web
Package: heat-api-cloudwatch Section: web
Package: heat-common Section: web
Package: heat-engine Section: web
Package: javascript-common Section: web
Package: libapache2-mod-apparmor Section: web

The code itself is fairly simple: we pass on the output of apt-cache dumpavail to awk which stores every package name into a varialbe , and if the Section: line also contains a string that we are matching, we will print both package name and the section.

As for listing the sections themselves, it's fairly easy as well

apt-cache dumpavail | awk '/Section:/' | sort | uniq

What is also nice about this approach is that some of the Sections mention which repository the package belongs to, for example universe/python or multiverse/web . The function , however, will search for all and of them , but if so desired we can always filter with awk even more


How to restart Teamviewer daemon programmatically?

Probably you don't need a script but a cron job that runs the command. Type sudo crontab -e, then append the following:

0 * * * * service teamviewerd restart

This will run the command each hour sharp, so you may want to modify it or be pending because you will be disconnected. You may also want to know why teamviewer disconnects, so a peek to the logfiles and a bug report may be necessary.


Why would Software Updater want to update software that is not installed on this box?

All credit to Charles Green for this answer

Although I do not have Samba explicitly installed, I have another package installed that includes Samba.

This can be demonstrated using

$ apt list --installed "*samba*"

Or

$ apt-cache rdepends samba | grep "  "|xargs apt list --installed

And there is a security update available for Samba, so Software Update wants to update Samba.


du command - show file or folder in output?

It is sort of possible, but not without aid of another command. Specifically, here we're using GNU awk ( that's important, so check your awk version )

$ du -ah | sort -nr | awk '{usage=$1; $1="";cmd="file "$0;cmd |& getline type;print usage,type ;close(cmd)}'
24K .: directory
4.0K ./testdir: directory
4.0K ./out.txt: ASCII text
4.0K ./3.txt: ASCII text
4.0K ./2.txt: ASCII text
4.0K ./1.txt: ASCII text

Of course this approach is slightly flawed since it seems to fail with filenames that contain spaces (still working on improving it )

As alternative, we can also use find command to find all the files and run file and du commands to do our bidding via -exec flag, but that looks slightly  ugly (see the edit history). We could, however, use find's  -printf flag to print filetype with %y format for much prettier output.

$ find -mindepth 1 -printf "%y\t" -exec  du "{}" \;  | sort -rn
f   4   ./out.txt
f   4   ./3.txt
f   4   ./2.txt
f   4   ./1.txt
f   0   ./with space.txt
d   4   ./testdir

Obviously here f is for regular file and d is for directory. See find's manual for more info on flags and filetype letters


Error installing Canon LBP 2900 on Ubuntu 18.04

Using the following method will definitely help Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit users to install and use their Canon LBP2900 printer, which otherwise can be a harrowing experience for the less experienced.

It will NOT help to use the official Linux (32 bit or 64 bit) LBP2900 driver from Canon

Download the Canon LBP2900 driver for 64-bit Ubuntu 18.04 from this page on the GitHub repo.

Then run the following commands in terminal:

sudo apt install build-essential git autoconf libtool libcups2-dev libcupsimage2-dev
git clone https://github.com/agalakhov/captdriver.git
cd captdriver
autoreconf -i
./configure
make
sudo cp src/rastertocapt /usr/lib/cups/filter/

(On some systems this might need to be /usr/libexec/cups/filter)

sudo cp Canon-LBP-2900.ppd /usr/share/ppd/custom/

Now open Settings > Printers and Add Printer > USB printer, selecting the driver Canon LBP-2900 CAPT GDI printer, 0.1.0 from the list, and complete the remaining steps.

Then click Apply and OK. Print a test page and your Canon LBP2900 printer is ready to print on 64 bit Ubuntu 18.04!

Note: Sometimes, printing gets stuck with the message Rendering completed. In that case, it helped to just turn the printer off and on again.

Please report success or problems...


Wildcards won't do it. Look at the result of echo mv 1* 2*. A better way is (man rename):

rename 's/^1/2/' 1*


Do some action when some command is executed!

For example, in the case of firefox, you can make a wrapper script for it, called firefox and saved in your ~/bin directory. The wrapper should be executable (chmod +x ~/bin/firefox) and can contain the following lines:

#!/bin/bash

#let's start some services
sudo service apache2 start
sudo service postgresql start
sudo service apache-tomcat start

#and finally, let's start firefox
/usr/bin/firefox

If you want to do the same actions with more commands, then probably you need a script like (let's call it start_cmd):

#!/bin/bash

if [ $# -eq 0 ];then
    echo "Usage: `basename $0` COMMAND"
    exit 1
fi

#let's start some services
sudo service apache2 start
sudo service postgresql start
sudo service apache-tomcat start

#and finally, let's run the command
$@

Don't forget to make it executable and save it in your ~/bin directory. Usage in case of firefox:

start_cmd firefox


We just released Shotwell 0.12 yesterday, and unfortunately the 64-bit build failed on the Yorba PPA (though the 32-bit build worked fine).  We don't know why yet:

http://redmine.yorba.org/issues/4949

Investigating this now is our top priority.  I expect we'll have this worked out within a day or so.  Thanks for your patience!

Adam Dingle, Yorba Foundation


I can't watch some Videos in fullscreen with Gnome 3

I had the same issue when I updated to Gnome 3 this week.  Get the latest version of flash here (11.2.202.291): http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/?no_redirect . You want the tar.gz version, not the YUM or RPM.  The fill will be called install_flash_player_11_linux.x86_64.tar.gz  if you're running 64 bit for example.

Next In chrome go check out your flash version using this URL

chrome://flash/

You should see:

Chromium  25.0.1364.160 (Ubuntu 13.04)  <--OLD

OS  Linux

Flash plugin    11.2 r202 /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so  <--location

Next extract and install the new version of flash you just downloaded

mkdir flash
mv install_flash_player_11_linux.x86_64.tar.gz flash/
cd flash/
tar zxvf install_flash_player_11_linux.x86_64.tar.gz
more readme.txt
sudo cp libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so

Reload chrome and enjoy full screen.


My folders in the Ubuntu one cloud are empty, my control panel says I am using 947 MB

It is a bit difficult to tell why the reported usage is wrong from the information you've given.  Perhaps it would be best to file a formal support request using the following form:

https://one.ubuntu.com/help/contact/

Please use the same email address in the support request as you use for your Ubuntu One account so we know which account you're talking about.


There are many ways how this can be achieved. I would say that the simplest could be something like this :

Instead of starting browser, start the bash script that would use wget to fetch your webpage localy to the home directory of the user that runs the browser. After that, start the actual browser pointing it to the local copy of the webpage. If wget fails, just simply continue a start the browser and it would start with the previous version. If you have the server under your control, than you might also share directory with the menu through NFS and the client machines would just test whether the NFS drive is mounted and if yes, then it would copy from NFS to the local directory instead of using wget.

The actual implementation might depend on how the webpage is complicated, what firewalls you have, etc. If you use bash scripts, instead of just running browser, you might build in some additional logic that warns that the menu might be old or something like this.


It was the firewall on the server.  The update process must have closed port 22.  I used ufw to open it.  Thanks to @Oli for the suggestion.


Unable to downgrade firefox version using apt-get in Ubuntu

You could just remove your current firefox's version and install deb package: sudo apt remove firefox && wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/352570250/firefox_57.0.4+build1-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb && sudo dpkg -i firefox_57.0.4+build1-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb


I've just had an identical result with this motherboard dual booting. I videoed the error and slowed it down: The error is  system bootorder not found

I had to boot into a Linux live CD and mess with efibootmgr (a lot!) to get my Windows boot going again. This is a pretty old board now and I'm pretty convinced now that its UEFI is just old and buggy.

I ended up getting dual-boot set up by setting the machine to non-UEFI mode and installing a traditional mode Grub bootloader on my new Linux HDD. I then switched back to UEFI.

To boot Windows I leave the machine alone and it auto boots normally. To boot Linux, I hit F10 at boot and manually select the hard disk Linux is installed on. Hacky, but it works for me.

I spent many hours trying to get it to boot Linux in UEFI mode alongside Windows and it just does not work on this motherboard.


How to run a command or script at screen lock/unlock?

The following script will write lock/unlock time in a file time_xprofile in your home.

#!/bin/bash

dbus-monitor --session "type='signal',interface='org.gnome.ScreenSaver'" | \
( while true
    do read X
    if echo $X | grep "boolean true" &> /dev/null; then
        echo "locking at $(date)" >> $HOME/time_xprofile
    elif echo $X | grep "boolean false" &> /dev/null; then
        echo "unlocking at $(date)" >> $HOME/time_xprofile
    fi
    done )

save the script. Give it execution permission.

chmod +x script.sh

How to run

./script.sh &

Note The script should run in back ground. Do not kill it. If you turn your screen lock/unlock while the script is running in background, your time of lock/unlock will be recorded in time_xprofile file at your home. One can use it to run some command or script at screen lock/unlock.

Mind that if you close the current terminal your script will be killed. You can use

nohup ./script.sh &

Then it will continue running even after closing the terminal.

How to kill the script

To kill the process, use in terminal

ps ax| grep "[s]cript.sh" | cut -d' ' -f2 | xargs kill

Above script is inspired by this answer


Zero file system space after gparted shrink

Some filesystems (notably the ext* family) don't let a regular user (that is, not root) fill up a disc. This is to let root get in and sort things after users are locked out because of the lack of disc space (amongst other scary scenarios). In any case, those scenarios probably don't apply to a USB key :-)

Fortunately, it's a tunable! Unmount the USB partition, and then run tune2fs -m 0 /dev/sda3, and mount it again.


How to get rid of annoying Photoshop hover info message? It cannot be discarded and appears on all screens

I made a round solution and disabled the Tooltip via Preferences > Interface > Show Tool Tips

Until someone posts a better solution, I shall mark this one as the answer.


returned the echo show 8 to amazon for full refund because it was misleading in its advertisement - never said it had to have the alexa app to finish setting it up, and never said the app requires 64-bit linux or windows 10, an android device, etc. none of which I had.


Install Mongodb manually on 32bit system

To summarize based on the comments and pointers provided, the solution was to add export PATH=<mongodb-install-directory>/bin:$PATH to my ~/.bashrc file and then source it: source ~/.bashrc


How do I remove Skype from xubuntu 16.04?

skype is perhaps installed as snap package
if so, here is how to uninstall it

snap remove skype


Steam crashes in Play on Linux after update

I have the same problem, and the problem is solved. You should update your wine in playonlinux like this. I mean you should choose "wine 2.12-fix43315".


My-Weather-Indicator has stopped working

You can edit it's config:

gedit ~/.config/my-weather-indicator/my-weather-indicator.conf

If you couldn't get it to work, delete it., it will create new one:

rm ~/.config/my-weather-indicator/my-weather-indicator.conf


According to the Wine AppDB, Mu Online does not work with Wine, and thus cannot be run in Ubuntu. The version of Wine tested is slightly lower than the version currently provided in Ubuntu 11.10, so that is slightly encouraging, but only very slightly--there is no reason to think anything has changed to make running it possible.

While you probably won't be able to get it to work, I recommend trying the latest beta, which is provided by this PPA, which you can use by following these instructions.


The article you linked describes how to install as an unprivileged user - in other words, the files go into your user directory rather than into system directories. The standard shell environment doesn't know how to find these files, so the step

source ~/.rvm/scripts/rvm

given in the instructions is necessary in order to create a suitable environment in your current shell. If you leave the current shell (for example, switching to a different terminal, or logging out) you will need to run the source command again.

If you want to make the environment persistent, you should be able to add the command to your ~/.bashrc file as described here RVM Command: source ~/.rvm/scripts/rvm


Go into your BIOS (usually by pressing F2 on the manufacturer boot screen) and go into the "boot" section.
Move USB HDD to the top of the list and save.
If you still have your problem, check if your USB's ubuntu partition is flagged as boot.


How to only apt-get update to update sources that haven't been updated recently, like today?

You can use the Y-PPA-Manager, then you do not need to use sudo apt-get update.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/y-ppa-manager
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install y-ppa-manager

via command-line with, eg:

sudo update-ppa ppa:webupd8team/y-ppa-manager

via GUI:


Yes this is entirely possible with an image of an existing Windows OS to use as the virtual disk. It would also be possible with a Windows installation disk/iso file. For either type of installation, you'll require the product keys for the OS. The vboxmanage commands are going to be your friends in this endeavour, they're described here.

You'll be running your VM without a display, which is known as headless mode.

With the existing image installation, you basically restore the image to the virtual disk of the VM. With the iso/disk installation, you attach the iso file or host DVD drive as a DVD drive to the VM, and use the virtual disk as the target for the installation.

I've moved several physical installations of Windows XP, which we needed to continue to use for legacy development, onto headless VirtualBox VMs hosted on Ubuntu 14.04 servers.

At the OS installation stage, you're going to need to connect to the VM to interact with Windows, probably via RDP, which will require setting the VRDE port for your VM, or using the default port of 3389.

This is a fairly involved process, once you indicate which Windows version you want I can point you in the direction of some tutorials.


Imprint of the cursor sticks at the center of my screen on 14.04 after unlocking the screen

I solved the problem by going to
System Settings -> Displays and turning off Unknown Display.


In LibreOffice package there is special program for that purpose. Its name is Calc.