Project M is not automatically integrated into VLC (or any application that I know of). You would need to find a plugin for the application that allows you to use Project M's visualizations.

To my knowledge, there is no existing plugin for VLC that allows you to do this. So, like spm says, you will need to start projectM-pulseaudio separately.


Nautilus crashing because of Dropbox (Ubuntu 13.04)

I had the same problem briefly. I need to force nautilus to quit...

 $ nautilus -q

so that dropbox could finished installing and then start it again manually by clicking on the folder icon on the side panel.


Lightweight recording software for Ubuntu?

Your question is a little bit vague, but I assume you mean video screen recording.

I use simple screen recorder. I don't know what how light-weight you want it, but simple screen recorder doesn't take up a lot of CPU (at least on my computer, not sure about your's if it is older technology).

Best of luck to you!


glusterfs CTDB Samba - Windows permissions ACLs

Finally, I could solve the problem. Mounting the gluster volume with ext4 file format one has to add the acl option resulting in:
mount -t glusterfs gfs1.MYDOMAIN.COM:/vol_data /mnt/glusterfs_vol_data -o acl

Hence, I can set the permissions.


the grub-efi-amd64-signed package failed to install into target error

First, use a Windows 10 USB stick to fix your partitions(known as "Fix the MBR" or Startup Repair). Make sure you have an EFI partition working with no problems. There are several tutorials on Google to clean and create a new EFI partition from the W10 USB CMD promtp.
Then, boot the Ubuntu USB, and select manual installation:

Create the followings partitions:  /, SWAP, /home
Click to Install Now, and apply the changes.

Long time ago I had this issue, googling and doing this solved my problem.
Hope to get good news.


How can I launch Chromium from Dash/Unity with switches?

You need to edit the chromium-browser.desktop file a bit, but best practice is to edit a local copy of it in ~/.local/share/applications.

What you need to do

Copy the global chromium-browser.desktop from /usr/share/applications to ~/.local/share/applications

cp /usr/share/applications/chromium-browser.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

Open the file:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/chromium-browser.desktop

Look for the first line, starting with

Exec=

Change it to:

Exec=chromium-browser --no-referrers

Save the file and log out/in to make Dash change its focus from the global chromium-browser.desktop file to the local one.

Alternatively

Maybe even better would be to set the option as a shortcut to your launcher. To do that:

Open the file (local copy, as described above) look for the line:

Actions=NewWindow;Incognito;TempProfile;

Change it into:

Actions=NewWindow;Incognito;TempProfile;No referrers;

At the very end of the file, add a section:

[Desktop Action No referrers]
Name=No referrers
Exec=chromium-browser --no-referrers
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

Then you'll have the option available as a shortcut, while you still can run `Chromium the "usual way".

(As said, after log out/in)


When you install Adobe Reader with Wine (and maybe other programs) to have this program available in the right-click menu, you have to use a .desktop file in the .local/applications directory such as:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Adobe Reader XI
Exec=env WINEPREFIX="/home/nico/.wine" wine C:\\\\windows\\\\command\\\\start.exe /Unix /home/nico/.wine/dosdevices/c:/users/nico/Start\\
Menu/Programs/Adobe\\ Reader\\ XI.lnk %f
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true

By default, the %f at the end of the exec line isn't here and you'll have to add it or the program doesn't appear in the nautilus menu.

Source


Lenovo T440s deactivate touch pad but keep mouse button function working?

Yes it is.  I also have a T440s and I solely use the trackpad for mouse buttons.  To try this out, create a file called trackpad.sh with the following contents and run it:

synclient RTCornerButton=3
synclient RightButtonAreaTop=0
synclient RightButtonAreaRight=4858
synclient RightButtonAreaBottom=3665
synclient RightButtonAreaLeft=3100
synclient AreaTopEdge=6000
synclient CoastingFriction=25
synclient CoastingSpeed=10
echo 180 | sudo tee /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/serio2/sensitivity
echo 100 | sudo tee /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/serio2/speed

This dedicates the entire trackpad as left and right buttons.  The synclient doc is quite self explanatory so if you come up with a better config, let me know.


Where to put downloaded files on filesystem (14.04)

Should I install skype to my /home/me/ directory (or a subdirectory of
  that)

You shouldn't install Skype manually. Just download and install the ".deb" package.

  Should it be installed in system apps location (where is that? /bin?
  /usr/bin?)

The apps are stored normally in /usr/bin or /usr/lib
http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-818509.html

/usr/bin

This directory contains the vast majority of binaries on your system.
Executables in this directory vary widely. For instance vi, gcc,
gnome-session and mozilla and are all found here.
/usr/lib

This directory contains program libraries. Libraries are collections of frequently used program routines.

  So apache is installed... (in some location). Do each users public
  html folder go in their /home/username/public directory? or a created
  /home/username/public_html directory? or does it go where apache is
  installed

It should go where apache is installed (normally the www directory). However, you can follow this guide if you want to achieve something else:
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/public_html.html

Follow this guide if you want to learn more about the "how" and "where" of an apache installation:
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html

/usr/local

The original idea behind '/usr/local' was to have a separate ('local') '/usr' directory on every machine besides '/usr', which
might be just mounted read-only from somewhere else. It copies the
structure of '/usr'. These days, '/usr/local' is widely regarded as a
good place in which to keep self-compiled or third-party programs.
The /usr/local hierarchy is for use by the system administrator when
installing software locally. It needs to be safe from being
overwritten when the system software is updated. It may be used for
programs and data that are shareable amongst a group of hosts, but
not found in /usr. Locally installed software must be placed within
/usr/local rather than /usr unless it is being installed to replace
or upgrade software in /usr.

  Unrelated.. where should I put downloaded media (music, movies, etc)?
  Can other users access these by default?

It's normally in /home/$username/Downloads. Other users can't access these files.

Further information: http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Linux-Filesystem-Hierarchy/html/home.html

  /home is a fairly standard concept, but it is clearly a
  site-specific   filesystem.
       Different people prefer to place user accounts in a variety of places.    This section describes only a suggested placement for user
  home   directories; nevertheless we recommend that all FHS-compliant
  distributions use this as the default location for home directories.
  On small systems, each user's directory is typically one of the many
  subdirectories of /home such as /home/smith, /home/torvalds,
  /home/operator, etc. On large systems (especially when the /home
  directories are shared amongst many hosts using NFS) it is useful
  to subdivide user home directories. Subdivision may be accomplished by
  using subdirectories such as /home/staff, /home/guests,
  /home/students,   etc.
       The setup will differ from host to host. Therefore, no program   should rely on this location.

  If you want to find out a user's home directory, you should use the
  getpwent(3) library function rather than relying on /etc/passwd
  because    user information may be stored remotely using systems such
  as NIS.

  User specific configuration files for applications are stored in the
  user's home directory in a file that starts with the '.' character
  (a "dot file"). If an application needs to create more than one dot
  file then they should be placed in a subdirectory with a name starting
  with a '.' character, (a "dot directory"). In this case the
  configuration files should not start with the '.' character.

  It is recommended that apart from autosave and lock files programs
  should refrain from creating non dot files or directories in a home
  directory without user intervention.

From tldp

  If I install a program through software center or apt-get, where do
  they go automatically? Does the package determine this

Yes it does. As already mentioned it should be in /usr/bin or /usr/lib. However, if you are installing applications manually it's often best practice to use /opt.
http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Linux-Filesystem-Hierarchy/html/opt.html

https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/ch-pkg_basics.en.html

  Is there some document available I can read that talks about where
  ubuntu (or linux in general, i guess) puts stuff? My google attemps
  lead to explanations of ubuntu filesystem instead of where things go
  inside of the filesystem. A link would be appreciated.

http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Linux-Filesystem-Hierarchy/html/

https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/ch-pkg_basics.en.html

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LPI_Linux_Certification/Create_Partitions_And_Filesystems

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LPI_Linux_Certification (in general - LPIC information)


How to install Scanjet 3200c on Ubuntu 12.10?

First thing to do is see whether or not HP Toolbox is installed or not.  To find out, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below:

hp-toolbox

If its not, you can install it, by typing:

sudo apt-get install hplip-gui

OR you can download it here.  And just follow the steps needed.

For more info you can check out the Ubuntu Manuals.


Extract integers from file and output to another file?

This extracts lines that contain only digits:

$ grep -E '^[[:digit:]]+$' foo.txt
1
8192
8291

This sends the output to bar.txt:

grep -E '^[[:digit:]]+$' foo.txt >bar.txt

How it works

When you want to select lines from a file, grep is first utility to try.

^[[:digit:]]+$ is a regular expression. In it, ^ matches the beginning of a line, [[:digit:]]+ matches one or more digits, and $ matches the end of a line.  Because this regex starts with ^ and ends with $, it only matches whole lines.  An alternative way of matching only whole lines is to use the -x option:

grep -xE '[[:digit:]]+' foo.txt >bar.txt

The option -E tells grep to use extended regular expressions.  This reduces the need to escape things in the regex.

The > signifies redirection.  It causes the output that would have appeared on the screen to go to a file named bar.txt.


Can i install ubuntu 18.04 on this specs Dell 3521 core i5 ram 8 hd 1 terabyte amd 2 gb ?!

Ubuntu 18.04 Desktop system requirements are:

  64-bit 2GHz dual core processor or better (32-bit not supported anymore, other flavours will continue supporting 32-bit system)
  2GB RAM
  25GB of disk space
  Graphics processor and display capable of at least 1024x768
  A DVD drive or a USB port for the installation media
  Internet access is helpful


Why do some packages have extra numbers before a colon on the front of their version string?

From man deb-version:

NAME
       deb-version - Debian package version number format

SYNOPSIS
       [epoch:]upstream-version[-debian-revision]

DESCRIPTION
       Version  numbers as used for Debian binary and source packages
       consist of three components. These are:

       epoch  This is a single (generally  small)  unsigned  integer.
              It  may  be omitted, in which case zero is assumed.  If
              it is omitted then the upstream-version may not contain
              any colons.

              It is provided to allow mistakes in the version numbers
              of older versions of a package, and  also  a  package's
              previous version numbering schemes, to be left behind.

So, that extra number (in your case 1) refers to the epoch component which may be omitted in which case 0 is assumed. And so, if you see a version string which looks like 1.6.2-0ubuntu3 you can think that in fact it looks like 0:1.6.2-0ubuntu3. How is this helpful and how does this comes: It is provided to allow mistakes in the version numbers of older versions of a package, and  also  a  package's previous version numbering schemes, to be left behind . To understand better, take a closer look at the following explanatory paragraphs from Debian Policy Manual - Control files and their fields:

  When comparing two version numbers, first the epoch of each are
  compared, then the upstream_version if epoch is equal, and then
  debian_revision if upstream_version is also equal. epoch is compared numerically.

And:

  Note that the purpose of epochs is to allow us to leave behind
  mistakes in version numbering, and to cope with situations where the
  version numbering scheme changes. It is not intended to cope with
  version numbers containing strings of letters which the package
  management system cannot interpret (such as ALPHA or pre-), or
  with silly orderings.


Initrd regeneration on every installation

After upgrading to 14.04 and switching to lubuntu

Upgrading from what? I haven't noticed it being much more common of late on 14.04 Ubunutu, but maybe that crept up on me, having been staying with the more current version each time.

From https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Initramfs:

  "update-initramfs" is generally called when you install such a package that is potentially capable of configuring your root device. For eg: if you install the package "cryptsetup", no matter if your root device is encrypted or not, the installation of the package would call update-initramfs which will execute the "hook" script installed (when the package was installed).

You'd certainly expect this with a re-install of udev, since the device manager clearly is used early in the whole process.


The installer may have stopped because it waits for input, or more precisely, correct input. Make sure the username and the computer name have no spaces and other non-alphanumeric characters in them, except the dash (-).

As for the partition, it looks like /dev/sda7 is the only candidate. Needless to say, a clean install will most likely overwrite everything on that partition, so backup if the files you need.


How do I get Jmol to show implicit Hydrogens?

Go into the "File" menu at the top of the screen  and go down and select "console". In the console type, calculate hydrogen for individual models. If you are using PDB files to import 3D structures you can alternatively use the console code set pdbAddHydrogens TRUE


Configure Django on Ubuntu Apache subdirectory

When hosting python, prefer to keep python source files outside DocumentRoot. Apache has a mod_wsgi module, compiled with some version of python. You can find this python version in /var/log/apache2/error.log (Note: you may need to use sudo to read this file).
... mod_wsgi/4.7.1 Python/3.8 ...

Install Python
You have to use the same version of python in your project. If you want to use a different version of python you must compile python and mod_wsgi from source. Install these packages:
sudo apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev wget

Download and compile python with at least optimizations and shared flags enabled. If you do not add --prefix then make altinstall instead of make install, otherwise it may overwrite the system python which can be fatal.
 ./configure --enable-optimizations --enable-shared --prefix=/opt/Python-3.8.2
 make -j4
 sudo make install

With j4 in make, it will use 4 parallel process to compile.
Install WSGI
Moreover, you shall download and compile mod_wsgi from source. Install apache(-dev):
sudo apt install apache2 apache2-dev

and compile mod_wsgi with these flags.
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/Python-3.8.2/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
./configure --with-python=/opt/Python-3.8.2/bin/python3
make -j4
sudo make install

Open
sudo vim /etc/apache2/mods-available/wsgi.load

and prepend
SetEnv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /opt/Python-3.8.2/lib
SetEnv LD_RUN_PATH /opt/Python-3.8.2/lib

before
LoadModule wsgi_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_wsgi.so

Configure Apache
sudo a2enmod wsgi
sudo apachectl graceful

Let's now configure apache
sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf

In the VirtualHost section, write
    WSGIDaemonProcess sitename python-home=/path/to/project/venv python-path=/folder/containing/manage.py
    WSGIProcessGroup sitename

    #Static content
    Alias /static /path/to/project/static
    <Directory /path/to/project/static>
        AllowOverride None
        require all granted
    </Directory>

    #WSGI
    WSGIScriptAlias / /path/to/wsgi.py.  # the path is inclusive of wsgi.py
    <Directory /path/contaning/wsgi.py>
        <Files wsgi.py>
            Require all granted
        </Files>
    </Directory>

finally enable the site and gracefully restart apache
sudo a2ensite 000-default
sudo apachectl graceful

Visit localhost from any browser and it should be working.
If you want to host it in a sub folder 'lab', replace WSGIScriptAlias in apache-conf file with
SetEnv SCRIPT_NAME lab
WSGIScriptAlias /lab /path/to/wsgi.py.  # the path is inclusive of wsgi.py

and gracefully restart apache again.
References:

https://phoenixnap.com/kb/how-to-install-python-3-ubuntu
https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/mod_wsgi


Can access WIndows partition in GUI but struggling through terminal

Try
sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt

or more advanced, if you want to mount more than one extra file system,
sudo mkdir /mnt/mp1
sudo mkdir /mnt/mp2
...

and mount to one of these new mountpoints, for example
sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/mp2

and then you can copy to/from the directory /mnt/mp2
You will need sudo to copy into that directory unless you modify its ownerskip and/or permissions.


"IOError: invalid Python installation: unable to open /usr/lib/python2.7/config/Makefile" configuring python-minimal

I don't know why, but python2.7 pointed to /usr/local/bin/python2.7 which had version 2.7.3, while python pointed to /usr/bin/python2.7 which had version 2.7.15.

I simply renamed /usr/local/bin/python2.7 and now apt-get upgrade is working as expected.


I fixed the same error using Kde-parted.

I got this error and neither fsck.vfat nor dosfsck fixed it

So I made a new FAT, with before unmount, marked the partition,
at top, device, make new FAT, or ctrl-shift-N.

Then format made a new partition and everything worked normally again.


How to change the window manager without the login screen?

In the old days of Unix, one would login to console first and run startx, which in turn reads your .xinitrc file.  I've done this on my Arch virtual machine by following this guide.

Alternatively, a lot of window managers have --replace flag. For instance, if you have installed openbox or gnome-shell you could do gnome-shell --replace or openbox --replace

Additionally, AccountsService sets most recent window manager session in /var/lib/AccountsService/users/USERNAME file. For instance, I have:

[User]
XSession=gnome
Background=/usr/share/backgrounds/dream-hippocampus.jpg
SystemAccount=false


Your problem can be solved with pyenv. it allows you to install multiple versions of python in a folder inside your home directory. So, no root is necessary.

pyenv is really straight forward. Basically check the pyenv wiki for " Common build problems", there they list their dependencies.

Then go to the pyenv-installer page and copy this line:

 curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash

Afterwards put those lines at the end of your .bashrc:

export PATH="~/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"

As you can see pyenv already comes with virtualenv installed as a plugin.

Finally use pyenv install --list  to view your install options and install a python version, 3.7.3 for instance, with :

pyenv install 3.7.3

On a given project folder you just run :

pyenv local 3.7.3

So the local folder and all the  subfolders will be set to that version of python. You can install another python version with pyenv and use different versions for different projects as required.


Ubuntu 20.04 Shutdown/Reboot Hangs At "Waiting for process: crond" And amdgpu process

I faced the same problem. When shutdown it displays

systemd-shutdown 1: waiting for process: crond

and wait for some time (more than a minute) and it shutsdown.
I'm using Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
I googled it and found the solution. I installed Bleachbit from official site: https://www.bleachbit.org/download/linux and link to file: https://www.bleachbit.org/download/file/t?file=bleachbit_4.2.0-0_all_ubuntu2004.deb
Install: Just right click it and select Open with other app and select Software install
Or by command line: sudo install < file >
After success install you can see it in Application list, select bleachbit admin and run it.
List is in attachment image(screenshot).

After this. For First time shutdown it took some time (More than a min) and it did't display any error, and shutdown.
After that everything is normal, now it shutdown fast. I tested many times, it's working good.


Upgraded to 14.04 LTS from 12.04 LTS. Now C++ program does not compile

You can install g++ 4.4, 4.6 or 4.7 from the package g++-4.X. (Then compile your program with g++-4.X instead of just g++.)

For reference, the default g++ version in Ubuntu 12.04 is 4.6.


IPv6 not working for Ubuntu in AWS EC2 instances

From the VPC docs, it appears that by default the Ethernet interface and dhclient don't expect IPv6 by default, so this needs to be configured.

http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonVPC/latest/UserGuide/vpc-migrate-ipv6.html#ipv6-dhcpv6-ubuntu


The components are all there, but integration (and making sure it doesn't lose mail) would be your job. The old sysadmins are usually very reluctant touching mail systems, and for good reason, so this is not something I'd do as a beginner project -- maybe for myself, and when it works, I pull in other people.
In short, you'd use something like fetchmail to retrieve the mail and feed it into a local mail server (e.g. postfix), which puts it into the mail directory inside a local user's home directory. From there, an IMAP server (e.g. courier or dovecot) makes it available to IMAP clients (such as thunderbird or a mobile app) over the network. With extra configuration, you can also teach your mail server to handle outbound mail, likely by forwarding the mail to your ISP.
All of these components will be difficult to set up though because they have lots of options. Running a mail server is not an easy task, and I'd definitely recommend against doing it on a public IP address (inside your local network, not reachable from the outside is fine).
If you want to go ahead with this, try setting up an isolated system with postfix first with a single user, make sure that this works (you can read test mail with mutt locally), then expand it with IMAP access (which would allow you to read test mail on your phone), and continue from there.
The O'Reilly book on postfix is a good reference, but assumes some familiarity with how mail on the Internet works.


How to debug xrandr not setting up the desired resolution?

I posted the bug to gdm developers and got the tip to use static conf.

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/21-intel.conf

Contents:

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
        Driver      "intel"
        Option      "monitor-eDP1" "eDP1"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier      "eDP1"
    Modeline "1920x1080"  172.80  1920 2040 2248 2576  1080 1081 1084 1118  -HSync +Vsync
EndSection

And it worked. Funny, I think this really is a bug for the xrandr developers.


Where can I find old versions of openssh-server (particularly 7.2, before patch)?

You can download whatever version of OpenSSH you are interested in from the official website of the project. OpenSSH 7.2 can be found for example here:

http://mirrors.dalenys.com/pub/OpenBSD/OpenSSH/portable/openssh-7.2p1.tar.gz

You need to build it from the source, but it should not be a problem.


How to install exact 11 version of team viewer on ubuntu 14.04 64-bit?

Steps to install version 11:

Get version 11

the link will download the 64 bit deb package
For 32/64 bit version

Install:

sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_11.0.xxxxx_i386.deb

Any issues with dependencies run this:

sudo apt-get install -f

NOTE:

Notes on Multiarch:

On newer 64-bit DEB-systems with Multiarch-support (Debian 7)
teamviewer_linux_x64.deb cannot be installed because the
package ia32-libs is not available anymore on these systems.
In this case you can use teamviewer_11.0.xxxxx_i386.deb instead.

For multiarch systems:

In case you get the error wrong architecture i386 you have to execute the following command lines as an administrator:

dpkg --add-architecture i386
apt-get update

Source:

https://www.teamviewer.com/en/help/363-How-do-I-install-TeamViewer-on-my-Linux-distribution.aspx#grafischeInstallation

Previous versions:

https://www.teamviewer.com/en/download/previous-versions/


By default VirtualBox works in "NAT" mode, meaning that it builds a "virtual" network and translates network accesses from the VM so that to the outside world, they appear to come from your actual computer.

VirtualBox makes the VM think it's connected to a network, but in reality VirtualBox is providing network services, including a mini DHCP server. Then, VirtualBox does network accesses "on behalf" of the VM, making it appear as just another application running on your PC.

However this means that the outside world doesn't really know about the VM and can't access it directly.

I think the port redirection you did was from your home router to your PC, not to  the VM. You may be missing some configuration on the VirtualBox side. Apologies if you already did this, but your question was not clear about this.

Basically you have to change the VM's network configuration and set it to "Bridged". What this does is, it creates a virtual interface on your PC and makes the VM use that to access the outside world; anything coming into or going to that interface gets piped to the VM. Thus, the VM will be visible as just another machine in whichever network your PC is connected to (it even has its own MAC address!).

Then, depending on your network's configuration, the VM may get a DHCP address like any other PC connected to your router, or you may need to configure a static IP address for it. This depends on how your network is set up.

Once the VM has a "real" address, you can, on your router, follow the instructions you found to route port 22 to the VM's IP address. This should work as you expect it to.

If it doesn't:

Look at your VM's firewall configuration (iptables -L -n). Is it blocking anything?
Set up another computer on your local network, and try to SSH to the VM's IP address. If you can, then you need to double-check the forwarding configuration in your router. If you can't, you need to recheck the VM's SSH and firewalling configuration.


This is an isse with your BIOS/EFI boot settings. Make sure you have the right settings (CD-Drive/Pendrivve before Network-boot/HDD).


Is there an Amarok scope for the music lens?

None exists as of yet. But you could easily write one!


In the end I ended up just creating an interface and forwarding packets over it with some iptables rules, which seems to be working for me. This does NOT use the 'bridge' option that all the tutorials seem to suggest so I don't know if there is a fatal flaw?

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto xenbr0
iface xenbr0 inet static
        bridge_ports none
        address 192.168.2.1
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        network 192.168.2.0
        broadcast 192.168.2.255
        gateway 10.0.0.3

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 10.0.0.3
        netmask 255.0.0.0
        network 10.0.0.0
        broadcast 10.255.255.255
        gateway 10.0.0.1
        # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
        dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8

You need to edit /etc/sysctl.conf and and uncomment the following line:

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

Then you need to create a script to edit iptables to forward packets:

sudo /sbin/iptables --table nat --append POSTROUTING --out-interface eth0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo /sbin/iptables --append FORWARD --in-interface xenbr0 -j ACCEPT
return 0

Then you need to make sure that the script is called by the rc.local file:

sudo vi /etc/rc.local

Add the following line:

/bin/sh <path-to-script-you-just-created-here>

Then reboot to make all the settings take effect.

As you may notice, I set it so that the virtual machines use a 192.168.2.x address subnet whilst the outside lan is on 10.x.x.x, which is probably different from what most people will want so you will have to edit these to your own personal needs.

Update
Later I realized that a lack of bridging meant that I couldnt access my virtual machines from outside the network (i.e. I couldn't directly ssh into them from home, or run a website off of them etc)

Using a network configuration like so worked:

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

auto xenbr0
iface xenbr0 inet static
        address 23.29.115.142
        netmask 255.255.255.248
        network 23.29.115.136
        broadcast 23.29.115.143
        gateway 23.29.115.137
        bridge_ports eth0
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        bridge_maxwait 0

(copied from here)

I'm guessing those extra bridge options made it work, or maybe the order in which the interfaces were listed in the file (eth0 before the bridge this time)


How to repair a PPA to not get "The repository is not signed."

After about 30 minutes from package upload I was able to add the PPA and install package from it.
So it was temporary issue. I think it was caused by GPG key generation and distribution for reusing by APT.


I just got the Lenovo thinkpad Tablet and it won't connect to the internet

Tell the tablet to forget the connection and then add a new network connection, give it your routers name, and then the wep or wpa code.


I've my Ubuntu installed on 500GB external drive and here are my observations:
My computer specs: 2.4 GHz 8600 stepping processor and 4GB DDR2 RAM

I didn't see any significant difference for boot time until I switched to development branch kernel however even then booting time never been more than 2 minutes. As for applications I don't use InkSpace however I use gimp and there is no noticeable difference there either.
I don't know yet -- using it for last 6-8 months.
Partitions should be no problem.
I don't have swap as I've 4GB RAM and I never overuse it, depends on how much RAM you have.
I don't know. I'm using Ubuntu11.04 its working good for me as of now.

In any case its portable HD we are talking about you can try installing it use it for a while if you don't like it just format it and use for general purpose :)

Good luck :)


Making a program that makes a computer automatically boot usb

Of course you can do it. The answer lies in the BIOS boot priority order.

Go into your BIOS (by pressing F2) and go to the "Boot" sub menu.

There, you can find the boot-order. To boot from a CD/DVD/LiveUSB, you will need to move the boot medium to the top of the boot priority list. This is usually done by highlighting the boot device (here,your LiveUSB) and then pressing F5 or F6 to move the highlighted device up/down.

Get the bootable medium to the top (in this case, your LiveUSB), Save and Exit changes. Your copy of Ubuntu will now boot from the USB whenever it is plugged in before the computer is booted.

Using a mac, you need to hold down the Options button before the boot to access the LiveUSB.


gnupg-2.2.10 gpg: Fatal: libgcrypt is too old (need 1.7.0, have 1.6.5)

Try

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

./gpg


Will the lts kernel update their driver to support newer hardware in the future?

The kernel will get security and bug fixing updates.

Also some of new hardware support, that does not require appending lots of code, will be backported from the later kernels to Ubuntu 4.4 kernel.

Ubuntu 16.04.2 will probably have a brand new major kernel version.


Permission denied (publickey). AWS: Ec2 Connection Error on Ubuntu 18

The root cause for the problem that i was facing was one of my team members had changed the permissions of /home/user directory to 777.

This spoils everything.

The right permissions are:

/home/user 600
/home/user/.ssh 700
/home/user/.ssh/authorised_keys 0600

Hope this will be helpful to others.


How do I tether to a Nokia E61 mobile phone?

The point was to choose PC suite mode on the phone instead of IP passthrough mode. It works well now.


How to adjust Unity icons and and pane size?

You can adjust the size in "Appearance" menu. To access it you can open dash and type "Appearance" or just right click on desktop and click "Change background".


It depends on your needs. But many electronics-oriented programs are available for the Ubuntu:

Oregano (has oregano package in universe repository) - it has tube

XCircuit (has xcircuit package in universe repository)

KiCAD EDA (has kicad package in universe repository)

gEDA gschem (has geda-gschem package in universe repository)

QUCS (may be installed from some PPAs - for example ppa:dac922/ppa)

QUCS-S - QUCS with SPICE (has deb-packages on OpenSuSe build service)

Also you can try to find software in the Synaptic Package Manager application (in the Electronics sections).


How can I use emacs instead of Ubuntu SDK to write Ubuntu Touch Apps?

You certainly can! The SDK is meant to make it a bit easier, but nothing prevents you from doing it yourself (and perhaps making it a step in your CI environment). Michael Zanetti wrote up a blog post about it here.


Using udisksctl mount -b /dev/sdXY we can mount without root permission, just like what gui does.


Graphical displays in .cshrc or .login files

By default in Kubuntu, that tutorial's advice about those specific files is not all that relevant, because your default shell--the shell you get when you (a) log in or (b) open a Konsole window or other terminal emulator--isn't a csh implementation like bsd-csh or tcsh. It is instead bash, a Bourne-style shell. You can, of course, still use a shell like tcsh, though you'll have to install it first--Ubuntu and its official derivatives such as Kubuntu don't even ship with such a shell installed, though they are included in the official repositories. If you put commands in .cshrc or .login, you should not actually expect them to run in your Kubuntu system. You could probably configure KDE to do so. But merely switching your login shell would not achieve this--logging in from a graphical display manager doesn't typically cause a shell like tcsh to run or C Shell configuration files to be read.

So in your situation--and that of the vast majority of Ubuntu users--there is an extra reason to avoid putting commands that run graphical programs in those files. They won't run when you want them to. However, the file called .profile in your home directory is run by Bourne-style shells like bash when they are started as login shells, and those commands are also, albeit mostly by tradition, run in most graphical desktop environments when you log in. And the advice in that tutorial scales to .profile and any other files that aren't specifically meant to contain commands that run in a graphical session that has already been started. It is as glenn jackman says. They will run when you don't want them to. The problem even goes a bit deeper than that.

First, the basics: If you put commands that run graphical programs into confiiguration files that run for all login shells, attempts to run the programs will usually be made when you log in, even if you're logging in using a method where they cannot run. If you put the commands  in a configuration file that runs every time you run your shell, even when it's not running as a login shell--for bash, .bashrc is such a file--then they'll run whenever you open a new shell. Imagine Firefox running, again and again, every time you opened a Konsole tab, and also giving you errors every time you log in on a virtual console or by SSH or when you simulate a login with sudo -i your-username or su - your-username.

The deeper issue is this: If a graphical session is configured to run commands from a file in order to initialize your desktop session, and those commands attempt to run graphical programs before the other things are set up so they work right, you can get unexpected results. If they run early enough you get the same problem as if it's not a graphical session at all. A little later, and the programs might start before UI elements like your panels start, which would be confusing, and might produce incorrect behavior even after everything starts up.

Recent versions of Kubuntu use KDE Plasma Workspaces. If you have graphical programs you want to run every time you log in graphically on your Kubuntu system, you can go to Startup and Shutdown → Autostart and add them. That's how I recommend you do it. Or you can manually place a .desktop file, symbolic link, or shell script1 in ~/.config/autostart (where ~ stands for your home directory), which is the default autostart folder location. Copying over such a .desktop file is what the graphical Autostart tool does, though, so most of the time you would not be gaining anything by "doing it yourself." See also the KDE documentation.

1 Or any other executable, but those are the most common. You should not usually copy a program into this directory. One reason not to is that, when the program is updated, you'll still be running the old binary (possibly in combination with supporting files particular to newer versions).


Getting MTP-enabled Moto G to work with Ubuntu 12.04

The way you can automount your gadget is installing gvfs, using Synaptic package manager, or any other. Most of the made-in-china stuff use the MTP protocol, so you can mount it by installing the add-in supporting that. Try this:

$ sudo apt-get install gvfs [press enter key, enter sysadmin pwd and enter]


Banshee not able to get track information?

Have you tried using Sound Juicer (aka Audio CD Extractor, available in the software centre)? I often get the 'unable to fetch track info' error message in Banshee, and most of the time have no problem with Sound Juicer. It seems that when there is a conflict (there are two possible titles for the given cd), Banshee throws this message. Sound Juicer on the other hand has a dialog asking which is the 'correct' title. After using Sound Juicer, do a rescan in Banshee.


Dual booting ubuntu 16.04 and Windows 10

Can i use the method mentioned on the site

Yes. That blog post (Which describes the process for Zorin OS), and how to install on UEFI hardware can also be applied to Ubuntu, since Zorin OS is based on Ubuntu, and the installation process is the same.

You may want to chack out How can I dual-boot Windows 10 and Ubuntu on a UEFI HP notebook? if you have UEFI (New computers).


Can't install mysql server version 8 on Ubuntu 18.04, error libpthread.so.0 not found. How to solve?

So in my case the problem was not the libpthread.so.0 file; it was present (in /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/). The actual problem was Apparmor, which I didn't know about. It's a service that acts like an inner firewall of sorts; instead of blocking net connections, it blocks apps from doing things in the system (or that's my impression)... the error doesn't say anything about apparmor; that's why it's harder to track down.

Solution steps

Purge out (or remove if you want to keep databases) any MySQL packages to repeat the installation anew:

sudo apt purge "mysql*"

Autoremove packages

sudo apt autoremove

Stop the apparmor service

sudo systemctl stop apparmor

Make apparmor drop its profiles (I thought with stop it was enough, but for me it wasn't. With systemctl it doesn't work)

sudo service apparmor teardown

Reinstall mysql-server

sudo apt install mysql-server

Install apparmor-utils, to create a profile for MySQL in apparmor that allows MySQL to run

sudo apt install apparmor-utils

Check the status of mysql-server (must be Active(running))

sudo systemctl status mysql

Generate a profile for MySQL in apparmor

sudo aa-genprof mysql

In another terminal run MySQL (enter root password)

mysql -u root -p

Do things in MySQL while apparmor is generating the profile in the other terminal

mysql> CREATE DATABASE fooDB

Swith to the other terminal and press s (the prompt tells you it's for "scan")

Say yes to the policies from apparmor as you see fit (I guess all of them for mysql), say yes pressing "a" for Allow

Press f to Finish the apparmor profile

Restart the apparmor service

sudo systemctl start apparmor

Check to see if you still can use MySQL in the other terminal

mysql>exit
mysql -u root -p

If all is well you can use MySQL from the command line.


Why do I get a black/purple screen when booting on a brand new PC build?

After playing and searching around, I found that I could enter the GRUB menu by holding down F11, then pressing "e" on "install ubuntu" i then looked for where it said "quick splash --" and changed it to "nomodeset $vt_handoff" this allowed my system to boot it all up and after installing I played around with the /etc/default/grub file and changed around some text to allow my system to boot up  right to Ubuntu.


What is the meaning of: Xorg, display manager, X server ?

X-Windows is a Unix/Linux Client-Server system. Although usually on the same computer, the Client and Server can be on different computers, unlike Microsoft Windows.

X11 is a network protocol. It encodes things such as graphic primitives, images, pointer motion, and key presses.

X clients are graphical applications like Firefox.

Xorg is an X server. It implements X11 and provides an interface to keyboards, mice, and video cards.

Gnome, KDE, LXDE, and Xfce are desktop environments. They provide libraries and specifications that applications use

When running X-Windows, instead of a console login, the Display Manager i.e. Lightdm starts up. The DM starts the X-server and asks for login credentials and then launches the user's desktop environment.

Hope that helps.


Try adding Gain control to ALSA

sudo nano /etc/asound.conf

and Add this to the file

    pcm.!default {
        type hw
        card 0
}
ctl.!default {
        type hw
        card 0
}
pcm.!default {
        type plug
        slave.pcm “softvol”
}
pcm.softvol {
        type softvol
        slave {
                pcm “dmix”
        }
        control {
                name “Pre-Amp”
                card 0
        }
        min_dB -5.0
        max_dB 20.0
        resolution 6
}

Source:  http://alien.slackbook.org/blog/adding-an-alsa-software-pre-amp-to-fix-low-sound-levels/


a simple hack:

sudo ln -s /var/run/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
sudo service mysqld restart

If this doesn't work then try this:

First find  open socket files for mysql in your system

sudo find / -type s 2>/dev/null | grep mysql

For my case it's /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

Then edit the configuration file /etc/my.cnf

sudo gedit /etc/mysql/my.cnf

Then search for socket and edit the entry with the output above

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock


Node is installed during provisioning on vagrant but disappears upon connecting to ssh

Well, I found how to do it. And is very easy (way easier than I said).

In a nutshell, follow these steps:

Set Vagrantfile to run as normal user:

config.vm.provision "shell", path: "provision.sh", privileged: false

Inside your provision file, do this:

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.24.1/install.sh | bash
source $HOME/.nvm/nvm.sh

The command above will, first, install nvm from github creationix, and refresh the shell to enable the provision to use nvm commands to install node and npm.

Then, you just do this:

nvm install stable
nvm alias default stable

The 'stable' will always be the latest stable version of node. So if you want a particular version, just change the 'stable' to the version you need.

The second line, where you type nvm alias, is just telling to nvm that it needs to use as default the version you passed to it. Then nvm will know which version of node to call when nvm run the commands of node and npm.

Credits to djheru for clarify things here https://stackoverflow.com/a/26691455


Links clicked in Thunderbird won't open in Chrome unless browser is already running

I was unable to ever find the cause of this problem, but I was able to resolve it.  Incidentally, I upgraded from 16.04 to 17.04 (for unrelated reasons), and that had no effect on the problem.

This is the process I followed; even though it didn't provide an answer for what was wrong, I am including here in case it helps anyone else who needs to troubleshoot a similar problem:

Made copies of both of my Thunderbird profiles.
Purged Chrome and Thunderbird ($ sudo apt-get purge google-chrome* and $ sudo apt-get purge thunderbird)
Re-installed Chrome first; because of the prevalence of reported problems with Thunderbird recognizing Chrome as the default browser, I wanted to make sure Chrome was installed and set as default before installing Thunderbird.  I used the install process described in AskUbuntu question 510056 (the first answer, written by Pandya; even though it is several years old, it is still applicable).
Re-installed Thunderbird ($ sudo apt-get install thunderbird).
Tested using default profile, configured only enough to allow me to access an email to test with.  Test was successful; link from email opened in Chrome, without Chrome running beforehand.
Copied one of my old profiles over default. Test was successful, indicating that this profile was not the cause of the problem.
Used profile manager ($ thunderbird -ProfileManager) to create a new profile, and copied my second old profile over it. Tested using second profile. This test was also successful, indicating that neither profile was the source of the orignial problem.
Renamed profiles to same as they were before, and copied the old Thunderbird profiles.ini over the new one. Test was successful, indicating there was nothing amiss with the profiles.ini.
Re-enabled all my original extensions and plug-ins in Chrome. Test was successful.

So the only conclusion I can come to is that there was something amiss with the Thunderbird installation, and that the re-install resolved the issue.  Fortunately, being able to easily save and replace the profiles made re-install relatively painless.


You can use Shift+Delete instead of Delete to delete file(s) forever, but don't forget; If you delete the file forever, you can't easily get it back.


How do I uninstall USB wireless divers that didn't work?

Using WINE to install drivers for a wireless card will almost certainly not work, as you ideally want the hardware to interface with your OS natively. I'd suggest looking for linux versions of the drivers rather than attempting to use Windows versions wrapped in WINE.

As for removing the drivers, a good place to start would be to look in whatever directory you have set up for WINE to use as it's C:\ drive, and look in the standard folders there (e.g. C:\Program Files\, etc.), and you should be able to just delete those folders.

Alternatively, you could just remove the whole folder you have set up as your WINE C:\ drive and reinstall, though you need to be careful that you won't remove any other programs you've installed using WINE.


The Zend Framework library code is distributed in the libzend-framework-php package which is normally installed automatically as a dependency of the zend-framework package. The library code is installed in /usr/share/php/libzend-framework-php/Zend/ directory.

You can view listing of any installed package with command:

dpkg -L PACKAGE_NAME

(or use synaptic for GUI)


Why is wget still shipped as the default download manger, whereas there's richer apps

Aria2 probably is objectively better, but there are a few reasons wget has (and will likely retain) the crown as default downloading application in Ubuntu:

wget is tested and omnipresent. It's actually older than some of the moderators.
Because it's almost 20, everything and its brother depends directly upon wget. It's not as easy as just replacing one with the other. You would need a legacy script to interface between apps wanting wget and that request being sent through Aria2.
wget is also smaller, approximately 20% of the size of Aria2. This matters for default applications because of the CD size.
While Aria2 may do everything, wget is plenty for most jobs.
There's also the question of multithreaded downloads being antisocial. They can hammer a server for new connections which isn't always desirable. Modern internet connections cope fine with single-threaded downloads.

If you're just doing stuff for yourself, feel free to use whatever you like. Aria2 seems capable enough and it's probably even objectively better... But it has a lot of history to overcome before it replaces anything.

If you want to pursue this and get Ubuntu to replace wget with Aria2 as the default for Ubuntu, you'd have to talk to the Ubuntu developers on the ubuntu-devel mailing list. Expect resistance. You'll have to make arguments overcoming the above and you may have to do some of the work up front (eg providing a legacy handoff script as a wget binary replacement). It's possible, I'm sure it is but I won't lie and say it'll be easy.

The reason everybody uses wget is slightly cyclical. It's everywhere and everybody knows it. Until Aria2 (which I can barely type twice without spelling it incorrectly) is as omnipresent as wget, experienced users are going to keep using what they know if it's good enough. There's a lot of muscle memory to overcome.


You need to set the appropriate option in the Compiz Place Windows plugin.

Open CCSM (make sure you have it installed first).
Find the Place Windows plugin:

Now, in the options, make sure that smart placement is selected.

This option is usually set by default, but sometimes for some reason it is not. I am not 100% certain as to the cause (still trying to find it). If you do not have the place windows plugin, make sure to check that you have any additional compiz plugins installed in the software center.


As stated in the previous answer, install inotify-tools:

sudo apt install -y inotify-tools

Now you can use the command inotifywait:

inotifywait -m /your/dir -e create -e move |
while read path action file; do
  # your preferred command here
done

With inotifywait --help you get the events you can monitor:

Events:
    access      file or directory contents were read
    modify      file or directory contents were written
    attrib      file or directory attributes changed
    close_write file or directory closed, after being opened in
                writable mode
    close_nowrite   file or directory closed, after being opened in
                read-only mode
    close       file or directory closed, regardless of read/write mode
    open        file or directory opened
    moved_to    file or directory moved to watched directory
    moved_from  file or directory moved from watched directory
    move        file or directory moved to or from watched directory
    create      file or directory created within watched directory
    delete      file or directory deleted within watched directory
    delete_self file or directory was deleted
    unmount     file system containing file or directory unmounted


How to remove all installed packages that depends on specific package

After you remove the package, any packages that were automatically installed because of their dependency can be removed like this:

sudo apt-get autoremove

From the man page:

  autoremove is used to remove packages that were automatically
             installed to satisfy dependencies for some package and that are no
             more needed.


The current implementation of ubuntu one does not yet support automatic app syncing. However, if you open the Software Center and navigate to "File>Sync Between Computers" you can see each machine hooked up and manually install the missing apps yourself.

The feature will come soon!


Where are .deb package control files located?

For dependency information, you can see /var/lib/dpkg/status, which basically lists the contents of debian/control (with some additional information about the package itself) for each installed package.

Additionally, you can look into /var/lib/dpkg/info to see the files installed, pre/post (un)installation scripts (if any), and configuration files (if any) for each installed package.


Synergy includes their icons when compiling the executables and does not fully support app indicators in Ubuntu for chosen icon themes.

A feature request on Synergy tracker website for indicator support has been created and should be viewed/upvoted when considering this problem.


How to add a folder to the favorites bar in Gnome Shell?

To add a Downloads folder to the favorites bar in Gnome Shell:

cp /usr/share/applications/nautilus.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/downloads.desktop
nano downloads.desktop

I set the first 4 lines to:

Name=Downloads
Comment=Access and organize your downloads
Exec=nautilus Downloads
Icon=folder-download

Now do one of the following:

Log out and back in. Or,
Run this in a Terminal window:

nautilus -q

Then open the Application Launcher with Alt+F2 and run:

nautilus

Search for Downloads in the Dash and then drag the Applications shortcut (as you saw, the Places shortcut won't work) to the favourites bar.

You can browse for other icon names by looking in /usr/share/icons/Humanity/places/24/ for instance.

By default, Nautilus will attempt to open pathnames in your home directory. If you want to access a folder not in your home directory, just put the full path (like /etc/apt )

By the way, the favorites are stored in org.gnome.shell favorite-apps. I prefer to use dconf-editor to browse around and tweak stuff, but you can  also use gsettings directly from the command line.

Thanks @fossfreedom for the assist!


How I install Blender 2.62_freestyle on ubuntu 11.10?

What you can do is download it, and as far as i remember you don't install, just unzip.
To make a shortcut for it put the following:

    [Desktop Entry]
    Version=x.y
    Name=ProgramName
    Comment=This is my comment
    Exec=/home/***/Documents/exec.sh
    Icon=/home/***/Pictures/icon.png
    Terminal=false
    Type=Application
    Categories=Utility;Application;

in a text file obviously changing it for your program. The Exec path must be set for the location of the file "blender" in the folder you extracted. Name it as blender.desktop and go to "properties" in the context menu and in the "permissions" tab check "allow executing as program". Then search for this file in the dash and drag it to the launcher. that is how I did it. (-:


Trying to access kerberized NFS mount gives: 'ERROR: GSS-API: error in gss_acquire_cred()'

According to https://www.redhat.com/archives/freeipa-users/2017-March/msg00049.html rpc.gssd has no kernel keyring support in Ubuntu 16.04.

In /etc/krb5.conf you have:
  default_ccache_name = KEYRING:persistent:%{uid}

Remove that line and reboot, after that nfs mounts should work.
It worked for me today :-)


Essentially, you will want to create a Samba share for the Ext4 mount point.  Open-up  your /etc/samba/smb.conf (in your favorite editor) and alter a few things:

1 - workgroup - you'll want to set that to the name of your network workgroup, if you have one.

2 - security = user - even if this line is commented-out, user-level security is the default for Samba.

3 - Define your Samba share at the bottom of the file.  You should see a (commented-out) example at the bottom.  You'll need the mount point of your ext4 partition (that you want to share).  If you're not sure of what that is, do a "df -k" from terminal, and you should see it (put it in the "path" setting instead of "/some/directory").

[ShareName]
path = /some/directory
browsable = yes
valid users = myUser, user2, user3

4 - Next, you'll need to alter the permissions on the path (mount point) to ensure that the desired users can accomplish what they need to.

5 - Restart Samba

sudo restart smbd
sudo restart nmbd

6 - Connect to your Samba share from your Mac.  I found instructions on that here.  Essentially, it says:

  When you go to the Connect to Server dialog, you may browse the names
  of computers that are on your local subnet.

  You can connect to a
  server via its IP address or DNS name. If it is required or more
  convenient in your environment, you may also use other valid URL
  formats, such as:

smb://ServerName/ShareName

For me, I connect to my Samba shares by IP:

smb://192.168.0.117/ShareName

For troubleshooting, check the doc that I referenced:
Mac OS X: How to connect to Windows File Sharing (SMB)

Hope this helps.


Ubuntu 12.10 Gtk Themes Not Fully Applied

GTK3 and its various theme engines have gone through some rapid changes recently, especially between 3.4 and 3.6. It might just be the case that the specification for themes has changed between minor versions, and the ones you're using are out-of-date already.

Here are some roundups of GTK3 themese compatible with 3.6 (ie. Ubuntu 12.10):

8 GTK 3.6 Compatible themes available in PPAs for Ubuntu 12.10
17 GTK themes for GNOME 3.6

Or you can just trawl gnome-look.org for themes that say they're 3.6 compatible.


Software Updater: how to avoid problematic updates and how to rollback a problematic update and avoid it in the future if it still gets through

My experience (since 14.04 LTS was fresh) has been that installing all updates as soon as I'm notified of them works well -- and it's clearly the best security practice, as I'm not missing important security updates (which tend to come in large groups) because I want to take weeks to install them and watch for problems.  If you're using an LTS release and updating from the default repositories, you're' getting software that has been vetted by Canonical and the community for stability, maintainability, and security.

On the rare occasion as you note, where a kernel update breaks something, use GRUB to boot to the previous kernel, then lock out the problem update and wait for the next one, or seek a solution here.


Ubuntu 17.04: Can't connect to wifi after update from 16.10

Here is what worked for me, assuming the solution you linked didn't work:
Open a terminal:
Use this command:

sudo killall dnsmasq

I hope this works for you like it did for me!


Headphones no sound/not working (ATi r6xx and REaltek ALC892)

Install PulseAudio Volume Control from Ubuntu Software Center.

After installing, in application's "Output Devices" choose default card by pressing green button next to it and it will always remain as default (device which is not selected is default, not the opposite). Do the same in "Input devices" tab if needed for you microphone.

You can also choose suitable profile in "Configuration" tab.

This great app also allows you to choose default card and other settings per application in "Playback" and "Recording" tabs (then specific application is running the options appear).


How to measure desktop login time with bootchart

Please use pybootchartgui (available in Software Centre). It'd create a graphical log after each boot.
Checking dmesg output would be equally good, but less 'visual'.

Please disable from Startup Application whatever you don't need, and make sure that the HDD is the 1st boot device in the BIOS.


Ubuntu for a Dell D630 laptop with no Windows

=D
Howdy, Dennis

Ubuntu is a linux operating system, just like Windows is a operating system.
You do not need windows installed to use Ubuntu.

All you need to simply get started is a live DVD or bootable USB and choose to boot from it when you turn the laptop on.

It's a simple walk through and choices from there on out.
You can try Ubuntu live and then install it from there or install it directly from the supplied boot options.


In case you are unable to login press Ctrl + Alt + F1 , this starts the virtual terminal, try logging in there, if it works then type sudo lightdm start
then you will your GUI back.


I figured it out. It had something to do with my screen resolution. I connected the computer to another monitor and it started working immediately.


These warnings are related to Ubuntu starting/activating some services during the installation process and are nothing to worry about.

Historically, different init systems have been used in Ubuntu. Nowadays systemd is used, but earlier, Ubuntu used Upstart, and even before that (a long time ago), Ubuntu used SysVinit.

Some scripts may still be lying around in some installation routines that try to use old-school type commands to manipulate services, and when that happens you get the kinds of warnings that you saw. This is nothing to worry about per se: The called utilities (update-rc.d and insserv in your case) just alert you to the fact that these scripts should be updated, and they revert to some default behavior which should be just fine. If it wasn't and the script actually needed to be updated for the installed package to work, that likely would have happened already.

(In your case it looks like update-rc.d is called with the start option, which is deprecated; it was used to create some symlinks to make some service start in given runlevels. So update-rc.d falls back to the command defaults, which means that the corresponding service will be started/stopped in those runlevels specified in its LSB header; to do so it uses insserv. Two of the services are missing an LSB header, so insserv in turn also reverts to some defaults. I'm not sure what those are, but I would assume they'll be ok. At any rate, the worst thing that could happen is that some service is not started at a runlevel where you expected it to run, and that shouldn't be hard to fix.)


How do I change the default file manager for opening downloads in Skype?

Skype uses a program called mimeopen to open the folder.

To choose a new default file manager to open directories, run this in a terminal:

mimeopen --ask-default ~/Downloads/

You should get output similar to the following:

Please choose a default application for files of type inode/directory

    1) Files  (nautilus)
    2) Disk Usage Analyzer  (baobab)
    3) Files  (nautilus-folder-handler)
    4) Open Folder with Thunar  (Thunar-folder-handler)
    5) Other...

Simply choose the correct number, and Skype should use your default choice from now on.


Remove ethernet network device not managed the Ubuntu interface

There is a bug entry on Launchpad which describes the problem. Please follow-up here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager/+bug/1458322


Are all files of Ubuntu are stored in C drive?

If you ran a default installation, then your files are in:

/home/username/

They should not be anywhere else.


Testing the limits of the tr command using character ranges

Because that is what it is supposed to do? You told tr to change any letters in the first set to the corresponding letters in the second set which you specify as identical, so why do expect a change at all? I can't see that locale is relevant. Even if it were sorting is some totally insane order, surely it would interpret "A-Z" the same way in both arguments. This seems so obvious to me, I have a bad feeling I'm being stupid and missing something.


Copy files from one folder to another folder within specific date range

Don't use cp directly with the output of find.

It might passes way many too files in a single step (and that's why you get the error Argument list too long).

Use the -exec parameter of find, which execute the given command passing a every matched file to cp, one at a time:

cd /share/new/
find . -type f -newermt '16 july 2018' -exec cp {} /share/test \;


Thanks to user @ukos, in comments the following solution was mentioned and it fixed the issue for me. I'm posting here as possible solution. Pay attention sudo in command, without it, it gives error:

$ cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sde1 lukslvm
Device /dev/sde1 doesn't exist or access denied.
$ sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sde1 lukslvm
Enter passphrase for /dev/sde1:

After I entered correct answer, it opened this disk in file manager too.


After upgrading from 16.04 to 18.04, hardware acceleration is gone on Intel Graphics

The problem is caused by uninstalling Unity (which is not needed on 18.04).

By removing /etc/X11/Xsession.d/50_check_unity_support this bug is fixed.

Also see https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1767468


TP-LINK TL-WN821N works at half the Windows speed

Thanks to @Jags I resolved the issue by installing the patched Realtek driver. The official TP-LINK driver is bad to the point that trying to compile won't work. Simply follow the instruction in README on the repo and it will work in no time.


Unsatisfied Link Error and missing .so files when starting Eclipse

I have got the same issue in an AMD64 machine (Ubuntu 12.04). and solved it by a workaround:

copy: files containing '3740' in  /usr/lib/jni/libswt-*3740.so to ~/.swt/lib/linux/x86_64/

But, be sure the packages : libswt-gtk-3-java & libswt-gtk-3-jni are installed.

sudo apt-get install libswt-gtk-3-jni libswt-gtk-3-java

And

sudo cp /usr/lib/jni/libswt-*3740.so ~/.swt/lib/linux/x86_64/

if you have a 32 bits based system :
  sudo cp /usr/lib/jni/libswt-*3740.so ~/.swt/lib/linux/x86/


Running Ubuntu 16.04 LTE, can't do backup using deja-dup.

unallocated.barefruit.co.uk is a redirect that provides internet advertising. An ISP, Verizon in my case, can set their DNS server to redirect to the barefruit site in case of an invalid request and the requester gets a targeted ad instead of an error message. I suspect that deja-dup may be requesting an invalid address and inappropriately handling the unexpected response. I will contact deja-dup about the possible bug and try a Verizon workaround to deal with my immediate problem.


How to get back missing grub2 menu after boot-repair

solved: the menu is presented but there is a blank purple covering page that needs a Press Esc key that closes the 'ghost' page so I can see the grub2 menu. There is no ubuntu logo on the ghost cover page. I wonder does anyone know how to get rid of that ghost page. Thanks for all your answers.


The same exactly happened to me. After looking into the /var/www directory, it turns out that now all the files have to be inside an html folder.

So the new path for your html files is:

/var/www/html/

Try to put some test.html inside first, just in case.


This can happen when a lot of people share the same external IP. For example, behind campus networks and the like.

If this sounds like your situation, then either try waiting a while for the IP to (hopefully) be removed from the blacklist, or use a proxy to access the website.

If this doesn't sound like it, i.e. you're using a small home network, then you can try obtaining a new IP address (assuming you have a dynamic IP account with your ISP) by powering down and powering back up your modem - whether it's Cable, ADSL or otherwise.

If you're concerned about malware (very unlikely - both because it's uncommon on Linux, and also because it's extremely unlikely any malware would choose to repeatedly hit Google's search page), then you might choose to use a tool like Wireshark to monitor outgoing packets. Or, even better, run Wireshark on another PC on your home network using promiscuous mode. However, like I say, that's extremely likely to be a waste of your time.


Please, help me install libboost1.40-all-dev

libboost1.40-all-dev is a very old package that was only made available for Ubuntu 10.04. Up until the end of this month this package is still available, but only for the Server edition of Ubuntu 10.04.

If you want to stick with the package management, you better install the meta-package:

sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev

On Ubuntu 14.04 this will get you libboost1.54-all-dev installed.

Otherwise, if you really need version 1.40, then you have to fetch it from Sourceforge and install it manually. I could not find an install guide in the Boost web site.


Sometimes deactivate C-State control in motherboard settings can solve the problem, I have an AMD Ryzen 3 with an Asus MB and had the same trouble.


Should I record my encryption passphrase?

The passphrase unwrapper unwraps from a file stored on your system, likely in /home/.ecryptfs. It's just prudent to have another, off-system copy of this single point of failure for all your user data.


Cron job not working properly on start up

Scripts run under cron doesn't have the same environment as when you run it from the command line.

This can be because the PATH defined under cron doesn't include the directory where mysql and mysqldump are located.

Or you use the full path when referencing these commands in your script, like /usr/bin/mysql or you create a new PATH variable at the beginning of your script :

export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin

Or pointing to any other directory where mysql and mysqldump are installed if you did not install MySQL using the default Ubuntu package.

To keep the possible error messages that would have been produced when the script is run from cron, if you don't get a mail locally, you can simply add output redirection to your crontab definition like this :

@reboot /usr/bin/db.backup.sh >/tmp/db-backup.log 2>&1

Any message, information and error, will be later found into /tmp/db-backup.log.

Consider using '>>' instead of '>' in the above line if you want to append the information and not overwrite the log file at each execution.

Update: if the cron job is run before the MySQL server is up

If the script is run in the startup process of the machine, before MySQL server is up, you can implement a small check at the beginning of the script to wait for the MySQL socket file to be present :

while [ ! -e /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock]; do
  # if the file doesn't exist, will loop
do

Attention : if the MySQL never comes up for some reason, the script will loop forever.


How to remove BSSID from wpa_cli blacklist?

blacklist clear

Source: a very useful yet surprisingly obscure list of wpa_cli commands. http://hackerj.tistory.com/34


Downloading files from read protected directory using wget

The 403 error means you don't have permission to read at the directory level, only the file level. If this is a git or ppa, they usually provide a download link for all of the files... check the web site.


Check if the CA root certificate for your customer_web_site is known or not in your system.

$ curl -I  https://customer_web_site
curl: (77) Problem with the SSL CA cert (path? access rights?)

The CA certificate for customer_web_site server is (indeed) NOT known in the system.

File company_CA.crt must be in CRT format. (seems to be in this case)
If it is in PEM format, then you have to conver it (openssl x509 -in xxxx.pem -inform PEM -out xxxx.crt

Install the CA file in Ubuntu

Copy the company_CA.crt file to new directory extra in /usr/share/ca-certificates

Let ubuntu pick-up that new CA certificate and install it in the Linux system

sudo dpkg-reconfigure ca-certificates

A menu will appear. Check option "ask" for Prompt for each new CA certificate. You will see your new certificate.

extra/company_CA.crt

Press space, to select that new CA certificate file and select OK.

uAt the end, you should see something like this:

1 added, 0 removed; done.
Running hooks in /etc/ca-certificates/update.d...

Check if curl works without specifying the CA certificate file

$ curl -I https://customer_web_site
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 06 Sep 2018 18:08:26 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu)
Last-Modified: Fri, 27 Jul 2018 12:09:02 GMT
ETag: "2c39-571f9fa3671da"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 11321
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Type: text/html

It works.

If you want to know more about Self Signed Certificates and how to use them, then check my github.


How can I get iball usb tv tuner card to work?

If you found answer Please let me know,
My question : iBall clarotv model T18 USB TV/FM tuner stick on Ubuntu 13.04


Download

You can find packages here and download them manually. Ensure that your version is properly picked (trusty)

libmm-glib0
http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/libs/libmm-glib0
dnsmasq-base
http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/dnsmasq-base
iputils-arping
http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/iputils-arping

Installation

You can install packages manually like that

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/local/file

Final note

Wouldn't it be easier to fix your internet access on the ubuntu machine first?

A possible entry in /etc/network/interfaces for a wired device eth0 could look like this (IPv4 & static).

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 192.168.1.100
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.1.1


List size of all disks and partitions in bytes

parted has a command to control units used, and it is called ... unit:

$ sudo parted /dev/sda unit B p
Model: ATA ST500DM002-1BD14 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500107862016B
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start          End            Size           Type      File system
lags
 1      1048576B       105906175B     104857600B     primary   ntfs
oot
 2      105906176B     62914559999B   62808653824B   primary   ntfs
 3      62914560000B   95126814719B   32212254720B   primary   ext4
 4      95127862272B   500107837439B  404979975168B  extended
 5      95127863296B   127340118015B  32212254720B   logical   btrfs

From man parted:

unit unit
     Set unit as the unit to use when displaying locations and
     sizes,  and for interpreting those given by the user when
     not suffixed with an explicit unit.  unit can be  one  of
     "s"  (sectors),  "B" (bytes), "kB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "%"
     (percentage of device  size),  "cyl"  (cylinders),  "chs"
     (cylinders,  heads, sectors), or "compact" (megabytes for
     input, and a human-friendly form for output).

parted, while an excellent tool for modifying things, is somewhat deficient when it comes to presentation. lsblk is much better in this regard, it shows the relationship between the disks, partitions and constructs over the disks (such as RAID or LVM volumes).

By default, it does not show labels, and outputs most data without needing sudo; however labels need sudo. To show the disk information in bytes, one can use the -b option:

sudo lsblk -ba -o NAME,TYPE,LABEL,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT


How to find location of installed library

Easy! dpkg -L packagename. That will list all files (with location) that were brought in by the package.


Setting "num lock" to be enabled by default?

According to this link:

Enable NumLock during startup

Enabling Numlock on startup can be done of several different ways. First install numlockx:

sudo apt-get install numlockx

Place command with init scripts

sudo sed -i 's|^exit 0.*$|# Numlock enable\n[ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ] \&\& numlockx on\n\nexit 0|' /etc/rc.local

Enabling NumLock from startx

If you are not using a graphical display manager then add the following line to /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

/usr/bin/numlockx on

Enabling NumLock for Virtual Consoles (TTYs)

If you use the virtual consoles regularly, then you will quite likely want to have numlock on for the TTYs after boot up. The status of numlock/scroll-lock/capslock can be manipulated with the setleds command. One way to guarantee that numlock will be turned on after bootup for the TTYs is to run setleds via rc.local (a script run after every runlevel change; which in particular runs after booting up). To do so add something similar to the following in the file /etc/rc.local:

# Turn Numlock on for the TTYs:
for tty in /dev/tty[1-6]; do
    /usr/bin/setleds -D +num < $tty
done


Going to google.com/chrome/ freezes ubuntu 14.04

Updating the Intel Video drivers to the latest release (12/2014) fixed this for me!

https://01.org/linuxgraphics/downloads


Sometimes most recent version works better, or just works while older version can't work at all on some computers. LTS is a stable release. LTS is recommended for usage (no matter laptop or server). LTS is not specially for servers. Latest LTS is 14.04. You should try to use 15.04 (it is not LTS). Non-LTS releases are less stable than LTS, but they are pretty good.


How can I use vbetool as a non-root (mmap /dev/zero: Operation not permitted      Failed to initialise LRMI (Linux Real-Mode Interface).)

So it turns of the line to put to visudo needs to be as follows:

my_user_name ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/vbetool

Then sudo vbetool dpms off works.

However, it seems xset dpms force off does the same thing after all. I think it did not work that way a couple of releases back, but now it works.


Graphics issues durring install on Intel NUC5i7RYH

If you wish an LTS Ubuntu release, then you must install 14.04.X.

The solution is to install Ubuntu Server 14.04.2 then update your fresh installed system and use apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

Graphics will work fine after reboot.


Should I remove Rstudio version 3.4 before installing the new version 3.5 on Ubuntu 18.04

You are doing it correctly. The R 3.5 will replace R 3.4.
But you forget to add GPG key for package signing.
You have to do it with:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys E298A3A825C0D65DFD57CBB651716619E084DAB9

And then update package lists and install all new dependencies by:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Ubuntu Stuck at BusyBox `[Firmware Bug] : TSC_DEADLINE disabled due to Errata; please update microcode to version: 0x52 (or later)`

I had this exact error on a system that booted fine until I upgraded to ubuntu 17.10 at which point it couldn't get past it. I upgraded the bios on my motherboard and now it works perfectly.

This was on my Gigabyte MB: GA-B150N-Phoenix-WIFI-rev-10

http://www.gigabyte.us/Motherboard/GA-B150N-Phoenix-WIFI-rev-10#support-dl

It was running a bios from 2016, I downloaded the latest v22a to a usb, entered the bios setup on the machine and hit f8 to open the flash util.

Hope that helps someone.


You will have to install the depending python version from Synaptic Package manager.Gnome Tweaks depends on that, as your message clarifies.


Dualbooting Windows 8.1 with Ubuntu 14.04(Current OS)

From your description, it sounds like you've installed Linux in EFI mode, but you've somehow set your firmware to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode by default. This results in the "No boot device found" error message, because there's no BIOS/CSM/legacy boot loader. (Windows 8 and later are almost always installed in EFI mode on new hardware, so there would be no BIOS-mode boot loader when you bought the computer.) Adjusting your boot options to boot in EFI/UEFI mode by default (or equivalently, to disable BIOS/CSM/legacy support; the phrasing varies from one EFI to another) would probably get rid of the issue.

Moving forward, if I'm right about this, it's critical that you install Windows in EFI/UEFI mode. If you attempt to install in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, Windows will complain about your GUID Partition Table (GPT) and refuse to install. Leaving BIOS-mode boot options active in your firmware might cause this to happen.

If I'm right, your computer already has the EFI System Partition (ESP) to which oldfred alluded. Windows and Ubuntu can share a single ESP. You will need to have either unallocated space or a ready-made NTFS partition for Windows' use, so you'll probably have to use GParted, as mrsud suggests, to prepare your disk. You'll need to do this from an Ubuntu live disk, since GParted can't modify any partition that's currently in use. Rather than use Boot Repair to restore GRUB, I recommend using bcdedit in Windows, since this is a more minimal option that's less likely to cause follow-on problems.

As a precaution, back up your ESP (/boot/efi from Ubuntu) to a USB flash drive or some other removable medium. That way, you can restore it in case the Windows installer trashes it. For that matter, backing up all your important user data is also advisable.

Before proceeding, you may want to check your boot mode and partition table type. When you boot Ubuntu in EFI mode, a directory called /sys/firmware/efi should be present. Look for it to verify that you're in EFI mode. To check your partition table, type sudo parted /dev/sda print. You should see output resembling the following:

$ sudo parted /dev/sda print
Model: ATA ST3000DM001-1CH1 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 3001GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name                 Flags
 1      20.5kB  577MB   577MB   fat32        EFI System           boot
 2      578MB   1102MB  524MB   ext2         Ubuntu /boot
 3      1102MB  1626MB  524MB                Unused /boot
 4      1626MB  3001GB  2999GB               Linux LVM            lvm

Yours will be different in many details from mine, but note the Partition Table line, which identifies the partition table as GPT or MBR (which shows as msdos, IIRC). Note also the FAT32 partition with the boot flag set -- that's the ESP. (Its entry in the Name column is descriptive for humans, and might not read EFI System, as mine does.)

If you don't have a /sys/firmware/efi directory and/or if your disk does not use GPT, then my interpretation of what you've written is wrong, and you should post back with details. (Edit your original question.) In this case, ignore everything I've written here -- or file it away for future reference -- since it doesn't apply if you've actually installed Linux in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode.


18.04 - Failing to shutdown/power off on AMD Ryzen CPUs

I had the same problem with the brand new T495 AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 3700U. I manage to solve it on 5.3.0-53 by installing AMD drivers from here https://www.amd.com/en/support/kb/release-notes/rn-amdgpu-unified-linux-20-10

The 5.3.0-51-generic didn't work for me from the beginning (it hangs on the login screen - I'm using unity instead of gnome)

Hope it helps


10 GB files in home folder due to hidden files

select and shift delete from Nautilus
rm ~/*goutputstream* from command line


Ubuntu 18.04 Server some user apps (ClamAV, CSF) PID file missing in "/var/run", but service active, how?

The /var/run/PID file is created by the service itself, if it finds it useful (to the service). Not all services create a /var/run/PID file.

Read man pgrep;man ps.


Open the Ubuntu dash and search "Software & Updates". In Software & Updates click on the "Other Software" tab and look for the PPA called "https://deb.nodesource.com/node_0.10". It should look like this:

Click on it to select it and then click remove.


I use gThumb, which is an image viewer and browser for the GNOME Desktop. It also includes an importer tool for transferring photos from cameras.

It's available for all currently supported version of Ubuntu although you may need to enable the Universe repository if you're not immediately able to install normally via the Software Center or via the command line with sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install gthumb


Find your driver here:
http://support.amd.com/us/gpudownload/Pages/index.aspx

Once you download it, install it:

sudo sh 'path/to/file/drivers.sh'

After it is done installing, type into terminal:

sudo aticonfig --initial

Then restart and it should work!


Dual boot setup, cannot get into ubuntu partition

It happened to me...very frustrating.
What I did was going into BIOS, disabling Secure boot and then enabling Legacy boot/mode.

Then when I start up my PC, it says pres ESC for boot menu or something like that. I press it, then choose I can choose ubuntu / windows. Then after I choose ubuntu it goes into the GRUB menu, I choose ubuntu one more time and then ubuntu boots.

This worked for me, it might work for you and it might not. Give it a try.
Hope it helps.


i7 processor with 4 core, 8 thread system, how can i reboot Ubuntu?

Well, there is always the terminal command
sudo shutdown -r now are you just looking for a way to reboot the machine? We need more information, are you trying to restart for updates? Hitting restart in Gnome? Please provide more information of what you are trying to achieve.


This will sound crazy, but the solution is to

uninstall your Nvidia or AMD driver

I.e. sudo apt-get purge fglrx* or sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*

reboot
start Steam and let it update, while using the open drivers
reinstall your proprietary driver
and finally reboot again.

Steam has some kind of issue with the proprietary AMD/Nvidia drivers which cause the problem. For more info, have a look here: https://github.com/ValveSoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/3248


How to create a shared folder using command line on a server

I don't think you can give the ~/uslonsweb003 as a directory it would have to be full eg /home/sadmicrowave/uslonsweb003 in fstab (because there may be more than one user)

this is your original

//128.251.xxx.xxx/var/ ~/uslonsweb003 nfs #username=[username],password=[password], 0 0

you don't need the // at the beginning or #username=[username],password=[password],

and after the nfs you should have your options giving you line like this

128.251.xxx.xxx:/var  /home/sadmicrowave/uslonsweb003  nfs rw,hard,intr 0 0

as the folder being shared is a root only folder (it acts exactly like it would on your own machine) you will need to open nautilus as root to be able to edit files.

You can find a list of nfs options and a description of what they do here.

Hope this helps


Having DNS Issues when connected to a VPN in Ubuntu 13.04

First make sure that there are no lines beginning with nameserver in any files in /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d. If /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/tail is a symbolic link to target original, make it point to /dev/null.

Second, disconnect from the VPN. Edit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

$ sudo gedit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

and comment out

dns=dnsmasq

(i.e., add a # so that it looks like the following)

#dns=dnsmasq

and then

sudo restart network-manager


Go to the system menu (the "power cog" indicator at the top right corner of the screen) > System Settings..., and from there go to Keyboard Layout. There you can add your keyboard layout (using the plus sign button), possibly English (US) according to the location of the @ sign you mention, and remove the one you currently have configured.


I want to enable userChrome.css | I want to edit my my default appearance of Firefox UI

Delete all the files or folders that you have created before.
Find the correct "Profile Folder Path" opening Firefox → Menu → Help → TroubleShooting → in the field Profile Directory.
Go to "Profile Folder Path" and create a new folder named chrome:
cd "Profile Folder Path"
mkdir chrome

Now you have a path "Profile Folder Path"/chrome/, create a file named userChrome.css
cd "Profile Folder Path"/chrome/
nano chrome/userChrome.css

Paste this text to remove bars and test it:
@namespace url("http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"); /* only needed once */
#PanelUI-menu-button {display: none;}
#TabsToolbar {visibility: collapse;}
#navigator-toolbox {visibility: collapse;}
browser {margin-right: -14px; margin-bottom: -14px;}

Check the access rights (No root user here):
drwxrwxr-x   user1 user1 chrome/
-rw-rw-r--   user1 user1 userChrome.css

Close Firefox and open it again, well done!!! I wish it helps...


First run make distclean. Then enter make menuconfig and make changes. Then enter make. It will compile without error.


GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT and GRUB_TIMEOUT Do Not Accept 0 Value

This solution combines the best of two related answers.
Please visit the two links below for full explanation:

https://askubuntu.com/a/742308/757761
https://askubuntu.com/a/318066/757761

Edit /etc/default/grub file with the following settings:

GRUB_TIMEOUT=0.0
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0.0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true

Then remember to run sudo update-grub in your terminal.

I tested this on a pc with multiple operating systems with 100% success.
I am unable to test this on a pc with one operating system, but it should work just the same.


booting ubuntu alongside windows 10 home

you can boot your ubuntu live usb/dvd/cd install ubuntu to your sd card. during boot you can press a key to select boot device and you need to select that sd-card for ubuntu or your harddrive for windows


How to rearrange search results in Unity dash home?

For 12.04
You can use dconf-editor to rearrange the search results in Unity dash home.
Install dconf-editor by clicking on this big button:

Or by running this command in a terminal:
sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Then navigate to com → canonical → Unity → Dash and change the setting for home-lens-ordering to ['files.lens', 'applications.lens', 'music.lens'].

If you would like to get back to the default setting, you can hit the Set to Default button on the lower right corner.
This is what you get once you adjust the setting as above:

Alternatively, if you don't like to hunt with your mouse, you can run this command in a terminal:
gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Dash home-lens-ordering "['files.lens', 'applications.lens', 'music.lens']"

It will order the results in the way you prefer.
To reset the setting, you run this command:
gsettings reset com.canonical.Unity.Dash home-lens-ordering


how to reinstall your network and make your Ip static?

The default content of /etc/network/interfaces is

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

If you removed those lines I imagine the lack of a loopback network might well do bad things to linux.

You can configure a static IP using the NetworkManager GUI (Network Icon->Network Settings->(Connection)->IPv4 Settings). If you want to do it manually, the syntax you describe appears correct (see man interfaces for more details).

Typically on a small network it is easier to set up a static IP by leaving the computer to use DHCP and configuring the router to assign a specific IP address based on the computer's MAC address (which the router will probably tell you, and if not can be found with ifconfig ("HWaddr") or lshw -c network ("serial")).


Solved it via this thread.
It was the OSDs conflicting somehow. Renaming the unwanted ones helped:

$ cd /usr/share/dbus-1/services
$ sudo mv org.freedesktop.Notifications.service org.freedesktop.Notifications.service.bak
$ sudo mv org.kde.plasma.Notifications.service org.kde.plasma.Notifications.service.bak
$ sudo mv org.mate.panel.applet.NotificationAreaAppletFactory.service org.mate.panel.applet.NotificationAreaAppletFactory.service.bak


Xubuntu 12.10 doesn't save screen brightness on reboot

Create a Bash script to save the brightness:

sudo nano /etc/acpi/save-brightness.sh

It should contain this:

#!/bin/bash
# Saves brightness settings on reboot/shutdown

cat /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness > /etc/acpi/brightness

Make it executable:

sudo chmod +x /etc/acpi/save-brightness.sh

Switch to the /etc/rc0.d directory and symlink the script to a link in /etc/rc0.d:

cd /etc/rc0.d
sudo ln -s ../acpi/save-brightness.sh K99-save-brightness

Do this again in the /etc/rc6.d directory (rc0 is for reboots and rc6 is for shutdowns).

Now edit /etc/rc.local to reload the brightness setting on boot.

On a separate line just before the last line that's already there (exit 0), put:

cat /etc/acpi/brightness > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

Sources:

[1] http://en.kioskea.net/faq/3348-ubuntu-executing-a-script-at-startup-and-shutdown

[2] https://askubuntu.com/a/189485/30117


How do I extend my partition on an ubuntu server

I think the easiest way for you is to :

Resize the extended partition /dev/sda2 so that it takes all the space left after it ( end of partition at the end of the disk).
Resize the partition /dev/sda5 inside /dev/sda2 so that it ends at the end of /dev/sda2

To resize a partition without a GUI, I recommend you parted :

Go on a tty, launch parted.
You'll get a parted prompt, use print to display the current state of your disk.

Then to resize a partition: use resizepart
You'll be ask the number of the partition you want to resize ( to resize /dev/sda2 enter 2 ,and then the end of the partition ( its new size ). For you the new size should be 'space on /dev/sda2 + free space size' .

You can find how to resize a partition using parted :here


every time i open 2 or more windows - it crashes - restart itself

That sounds like a hardware fault, there are a few things to think about:

If you just leave it running with no windows open does it work reliably?
Does it fail immediately when you open the second window/program?
Have you tried different combinations of software to check that it is not a single faulty program?

The easiest thing to check is a memory fault, which could cause these symptoms.  Reboot and at the grub prompt select the 'memtest' option, leave it to run for a couple of hours at least and see if it reports any problems.

Even if it doesn't, it might be worth carefully removing and reseating your memory cards.

If that is all clear, tell us more about the machine, how old it is, has it been used successfully with other operating systems etc, it doesn't sound like an Ubuntu 12.04 specific problem at this stage.


If you choose the Alongside Windows install option, Ubuntu would be installed on the same drive as Windows.  The install process will resize the Windows partition, giving you a slider for adjusting the amount of space to specify for Ubuntu.

You can use an install option and specify the entire hard drive of your 1TB.  It will automatically partition the drive for usage.

If you decide to partition the drive yourself, then install Ubuntu on the partition of your choice.  The recommended requirements for space for Ubuntu version 18.08 is 25 GB.  That being about the minimum, having the available space, I would strongly recommend using at least twice the minimum.

Many users create a root partition for the install, a home partition for their personal space and a data partition for all the data they may accumulate and store over the years.  A swap partition used to be an important component, but the starting with 18.04, Ubuntu uses a swap file rather than a swap partition, so creating a swap partition is no longer necessary.

You can use Gparted from the Live Install media (boot the Try Ubuntu option) for performing the partitioning.

A partition should be the ext4 type for Ubuntu.  The preferences for the size varies between users.  Having three partitions, root, home, and data, should be a educational start, using 50, 100, 850 respectively.

I would use the data partition for shared files and storage, easily available for all the users on the computer.  This would include pictures, movies, iso backups of various disk, general backups and archives, etc.  The home folder will be mainly for the most personal files and data, as well as configuration files.  You can use a symbolic link to the data partition to use that space as if it were in your home folder.


Resynthesizer GIMP 2.10/14 Windows vs Ubuntu 18.04

Because in Ubuntu, someone suddenly made the Gimp python support optional. If you have it, there is a Python-fu entry near the bottom of the Filters menu, and a few things that use Python scripts start working.

So make sure you installed the gimp-python package from the repos.


xfce windows are missing toolbar, focus is broken

from the console, enter:

xfwm4 --replace

as a regular user. Thanks to this question.


How do I get mlocate to only index certain directories?

Edit the file /etc/updatedb.conf

Set up PRUNEPATHS with the directories you DO NOT want to search

PRUNEPATHS="/tmp /var/spool /media"

PRUNEPATHS: A whitespace-separated list of path names of directories which should not be scanned by updatedb.  Each path name must be exactly in the form in which the directory would be reported by locate.  By default, no paths are skipped.

Note that all of the above configuration information can also be changed or updated through the command line options to the utility updatedb.


Installing php support to Apache2 on Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS

It looks like you're trying to use mod_php, which is considered fairly antiquated (it is very resource hungry) rather than the more modern php-fpm.

If you're happy to continue this way, then you're probably not using the name of the mod correctly. You can list the mods you have available with:

ls /etc/apache2/mods-available

I suspect you'll find, among the list of mods, that the one you want i php7.2, rather than php. In this case you need the command to be:

sudo a2enmod php7.2

The better, more modern, faster and more frugal way to install php is using php-fpm. It is often the recommended way to run PHP in Apache.

sudo apt remove libapache2-mod-php
sudo apt install php-fpm

Then:

a2enmod proxy_fcgi

You can see more at Jim Salter's excellent blog here.


Why I am not able to run Internet explore oriented sites on ubuntu?

Your first step should be to complain.

I'm shocked there are still businesses pushing things that require a set browser. It's reflective of a development process that went out the window over a decade ago. This is their active choice. That's the why.

You can usually work around simple blocks with User Agent Switcher. I've used it for some banking in the past. Firefox will just "pretend" to be IE and this is enough to get past most issues.

You might find that some things don't work. They might be coded so single-mindedly for IE that Firefox just refuses to continue... Or they might be doing capability-based testing to work out if you're using IE (which User Agent Switcher won't cover). If that's the case, your only good option is virtualising.

And by that I mean installing VirtualBox or VMWare Workstation, and installing Windows inside that. You'll then be able to run a real copy of WIndows and a real copy of Internet Explorer within your Ubuntu session. This obviously nukes a portion of disk space and takes time to boot but it's feature complete. You're not running into winegecko issues every other pageload.


Place GNOME Dash to top of screen instead of left side

The Dash-to-panel GNOME Extension does precisely that. Here's one example after it's installed:

Install it and GNOME Tweaks (required to enable it) using the terminal with the command sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade && sudo apt install gnome-tweaks gnome-shell-extension-dash-to-panel

Log out and then back in. Then open Gnome Tweaks

where you will see the extension, and you can enable it there.