How to cleanly launch a GUI app via the Terminal?

Suppose gedit is the program you want to run detached (aka. "disowned", "disentangled", "decoupled"). There are different ways depending on what you want to do exactly:

Program already running

Disown:

disown -h is the way to go if you want to do that with an already running program (i.e. if you forgot to nohup it). You first have to stop it using Ctrl+Z. Then you can put in in the background using bg [jobId] (e.g. bg 1). You get a list of running jobs with their jobId using jobs. After that you can decouple it from terminal using disown -h %[jobId]. Example terminal session:

$ gedit
^Z
[1]+  Stopped                 gedit
$ jobs
[1]+  Stopped                 gedit
$ bg 1
[1]+ gedit &
$ disown -h %1
$ exit

Program not started yet

nohup

nohup is not always present on all machines. If you know you want to decouple beforehand you would use:

nohup gedit &

Maybe you will want to redirect the shell output as well and your program a pseudo input source, so: nohup ./myprogram > foo.out 2> bar.err < /dev/null &. You would want to redirect the output to either not be annoyed by it or to use it later. The null-input can help to prevent hickups in ssh an such.

Subshell:

You can achieve a similar effect by

$ (geany >/dev/null 2>&1 &)

The brackets open a new subshell to run gedit in. The >/dev/null 2>&1 redirects the shell output to nowhere (suppressing the output). And the & at the end puts the process in the background.

Terminal multiplexing

Also terminal multiplexing using screen or byobu. You basically run the program in a terminal of its own. I can really recommend byobu for other reasons too. Below is a list of boybu-shortcuts that might come in handy for your first steps:

Useful:

F2              Create a new window
F3              Move to the next window
F4              Move to the previous window
F6              Detach from the session and logout
Shift-F6        Detach from the session, but do not logout
F7              Enter scrollback/search mode
Ctrl-F5         Reconnect any SSH/GPG sockets or agents

Less useful:

Shift-F2        Split the screen horizontally
Ctrl-F2         Split the screen vertically
Shift-F3        Move focus to the next split
Shift-F4        Move focus to the previous split
Shift-F5        Collapse all splits
F5              Refresh all status notifications
F8              Rename the current window
F9              Launch the Byobu Configuration Menu
F12             GNU Screen's Escape Key
Alt-Pageup      Scroll back through this window's history
Alt-Pagedown    Scroll forward through this window's history
Ctrl-a-!        Toggle all of Byobu's keybindings on or off

The 'at' daemon and others

at is a nice useful little tool to run a command at a scheduled time. It can be 'misused' to detach a command from the shell:

echo './myprogram myoption1 myoption2' | at now

Also you can look into setsid and start-stop-daemon, but the other methods should suffice.


git get ubuntu kernel source through http proxy

OK, I got the answer from
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Dev/KernelGitGuide

I can use the http protocol to do clone.

git clone http://kernel.ubuntu.com/git-repos/ubuntu/ubuntu-precise.git/


What happened to python-networkx in 20.04?

It turns out that, yes, it was renamed: python3-networkx.


Do I need to do anything after upgrading my ram from 2gb tp 4gb(2x2gb)

You shouldn't have to do anything, unless you want to upgrade from a 32bit to 64 bit system and you want to use a 64bit OS.

The only thing that you might have to do is adjust your swap file size.  to do that take a look at Swap FAQ


To copy from local to server, Open up a normal Terminal window (Not the one in which you are already logged in to ssh) and run something like

scp /path/to/file/to/be/copied username@ipaddress:/path/where/you/want/to/paste

If copying a folder, use

scp -r /path/to/file/to/be/copied username@ipaddress:/path/where/you/want/to/paste

The username and ipaddress are that of the server.
Even then if you get any errors, then paste it here.


How can I use equivs-build to build packages that can be installed on older versions of Ubuntu?

You may try setting environment variable from debuild

DEBUILD_DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_OPTS=Zzgip

If equivs doesn't use debuild when building only binary package (default). Go with full build, as its manpage stated

equivs-build -f ..


Ubuntu 20.04 stuck on splash screen unless nomodeset

This seem to happen on systems booting up very fast.
E.g. systems with a SSD or inside VirtualBox.
(I never had this on systems with a regular hard disk.)
Using the "nomodeset" kernel command line option is only a temporary workaround, because you have low resolution and no multi monitor support.
To fix it, edit the the systemd startup file for your display manger (gdm on Ubuntu 20.04, lightdm on Xubuntu 20.04) and put in 1 second waiting time with the sleep command.
On Ubuntu 20.04, edit /usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service and put in the line with the sleep command, so it looks like this:
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/share/gdm/generate-config
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/sleep 1
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/gdm3

On Xubuntu 20.04, edit /usr/lib/systemd/system/lightdm.service and put in the line with the sleep command, so it looks like this:
[Service]
# temporary safety check until all DMs are converted to correct
# display-manager.service symlink handling
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '[ "$(basename $(cat /etc/X11/default-display-manager 2>/dev/null))" = "lightdm" ]'
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/sleep 1
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/lightdm


Set CPU frequency scaling to wait one second before scaling down

You can d it by selecting conservative governor and setting its sampling time. Here are instructions on how to do it. Please note that on modern Intel CPUs new driver is used, that calls conservative governor a "powersave" one.


How do I install the scopes of graphic design lens in 12.04?

The PPA packages should be updated in a few hours to work on Precise.
Please file a bug on https://bugs.launchpad.net/onehundredscopes if you find any issues I could have missed during the testing.

Sorry about the delay, enjoy!


Change in BIOS disk driver to IDE or AHCI and try.


Does guest account work like a VM (virtual machine)?

No, the guest session is loaded in to a memory allocated space using tmpfs from pre-defined settings located in /etc/guest-session/skel and limited privileges, ie: a guest session cannot access anyone else's home folders.

When you logoff a guest session or reboot your computer, that temporary session and it's files are erased from memory. Any further footprints (downloads, temp files) that are stored in /tmp during the a guest session are erased when the computer reboots.

It is a session per se, only loaded in a way that can be discarded when you logoff / reboot your computer.


Is it possible to sync my todos from the To do Gnome app with my Ubuntu One account?

Ubuntu ONE cloud storage shutdown some time ago, and it's primary purpose now is SSO logins (I use it to login to this site for example)

http://blog.canonical.com/2014/04/02/shutting-down-ubuntu-one-file-services/


How can I change the color of the marker on the dash that indicates an application is "up"?

in normal GNOME environment

gsettings get org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock custom-theme-running-dots-color

will give the present color

Example:

maduri@i7-4770U:~$ gsettings get org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock custom-theme-running-dots-color
'#0000FF'
maduri@i7-4770U:~

to set the required color..

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock custom-theme-running-dots-color "#0000FF"

for yellow or green color your can replace "#0000FF" with "yellow" or "green".

Alternatively you can use the GUI tool dconf-editor like below

Note: dconf-editor isn't present by default. You can install it from the Software Center.

You can also make the dot bigger:

For example, to do so run

gsettings list-recursively | grep running-dot

You'll get output like this:

dkb@dkb:~$ gsettings list-recursively | grep running-dot
ca.desrt.dconf-editor.Settings saved-view '/org/gnome/shell/extensions/dash-to-dock/custom-theme-running-dots-border-width'
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock custom-theme-customize-running-dots true
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock custom-theme-running-dots-border-color '#e95420'
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock custom-theme-running-dots-border-width 2
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock custom-theme-running-dots-color '#e95420'
dkb@dkb:~$

Then, open dconf-editor as in the image below and make the desired change:


Set path for Terminator to lookup for plugins

Check the opened files with

strace -e open,access terminator 2>&1  | grep plugins

If your folder isn't in the output, something is wrong. And you should read the man page

man terminator_config

But in the meantime you have recognized it themselves. ;)

Terminator has two plugin folders. The system-wide folder /usr/share/terminator/terminatorlib/plugins and an user folder ~/.config/terminator/plugins.

I have tested the installation of plugins in the home folder with the plugin Terminator Editor Plugin:

My terminator without this plugin

Close all terminator  sessions
Create the plugin folder

mkdir -p ~/.config/terminator/plugins

Download the plugin

wget -P ~/.config/terminator/plugins https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mchelem/terminator-editor-plugin/master/editor_plugin.py

You should now see something like this

% ls -laog ~/.config/terminator/plugins
total 20
drwxrwxr-x 2 4096 Nov 19 14:39 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 4096 Nov 19 14:27 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 3438 Nov 19 14:39 editor_plugin.py

Start terminator
Check the content in ~/.config/terminator/plugins, you should see something like this:

% ls -laog ~/.config/terminator/plugins
total 32
drwxrwxr-x 2 4096 Nov 19 14:32 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 4096 Nov 19 14:27 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 3438 Nov 19 14:32 editor_plugin.py
-rw-rw-r-- 1 3811 Nov 19 14:32 editor_plugin.pyc

Open Preferences > Plugins
Activate the plugin EditorPlugin


How to change Desktop, Download, Music and ... path?

Simply right click and rename....

Beware though, although this technically should be possible without problems, some projects may rely on the files in those folders so you may run into path errors.


Auto delete of file which is the same name

You could make a script that contains this code:

#!/bin/bash
echo "How many extra files are there?"
read -r amount
COUNTER=0
while [ $COUNTER -lt "$amount" ];
do
    rm cron.php.$COUNTER
    let COUNTER='COUNTER+1'
done

This will go through the loop however many times you tell it to (however many extra files there are) and delete each one.

Copy the script into a file (name it whatever you like) with the .sh extension and save it to the directory with all of the files that you want to delete. After that, give it permission to execute with chmod +x filename.sh. Finally, run it by executing it with the command ./filename.sh


There is no need to check package page. If you want to install those packages then you need to open terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and install them using apt. For the first time after installation you have to run this command and wait to complete:

sudo apt-get update

After that in order to install any package just simply type:

sudo apt-get install packageNameThatYouWant

edit: In the case of not having a network connection do these steps:

In some other systems that have an internet connection install synaptic package
manager.
Select packages that you want to install on your computer with no network connection.
Go to file menu and generate download script for those packages.
Download those packages using some download managers (or any other way that you like)
Copy those files to your machine with no network access, to the folder /var/cache/apt/archives (you must do this as root, open nautilus by sudo nautilus)
Copy /var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin and /var/cache/apt/srcpkgcache.bin from computer with network access to other cumputer in the same directory
Copy all contents of /etc/apt from machine with network access to the other machine.
Then run sudo apt-get update and then sudo apt-get install packageNameThatYouWant

second edit:There is another way for those who are lazy:

In some other computer install whatever you want.
copy all /var/cache/apt/ and /etc/apt from computer with network to computer without network.
Then run sudo apt-get update and then sudo apt-get install packageNameThatYouWant


Ubuntu deletes text file on pressing Enter key in filemanagers

I found that my .txt and .srt files were linked to gedit on this PC, when I assigned different viewer, files were not deleted. I assigned gedit again to this extension and files were being deleted again. Strange. After removing and reinstalling of gedit, problem disappeared. I don't know whether gedit was corrupted, or it is a bug but I have to move on at this moment, for me problem is solved for now, hope this helps someone with the same problem.


Can't play Native DSD /w Topping D10 USB DAC

thanks for the reply, I was 'sort of' able to resolve it. I ended up using MDP/NCMPCPP to play all my audio files. What i had to do was to ammend the mdp.conf file to allow it to play variable sample rates (Audio Output {...format          "::*"} ) Still works at a constant 44.1khz for everything else.
As the following :
audio_output {
type "alsa"
name "USB DAC Topping D10"
device "hw:1,0"
mixer_type      "hardware"
mixer_control   "DIGITAL"
auto_resample   "no"
auto_format     "no"
enabled         "yes"
format          "::*"
}
Sourced the solution from the MDP wiki/documentation.


The package files libmm-glib0_1.0.0-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb and dnsmasq-base_2.68-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb are corrupted. Please ensure that they were transferred correctly and try again.


Installation location selection screen - Ubuntu Server 18.04.3

From your logs https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/qyJ5yHHRcF/

"Couldn't find partition entry in table")
RuntimeError: Couldn't find partition entry in table

Which looks similar to this https://bugs.launchpad.net/subiquity/+bug/1841333/comments/3, from issuer's comment:

  I was using the "live" version, and the alternative installer does work.

The alternate .iso can be found http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/18.04.4/release/. Although this issue has been suggested as being a compatibility issue, not a bug in the comments, it seems for now installing the alternative image is worth a try.


How do I create and tune an ext4 partition from the command-line?

First and foremost:

!! WARNING !!

These commands are EXAMPLES. DELETING partitions, MODIFYING and FORMATTING filesystems destroys data and/or may prevent your machine from booting.  Make backups.  Use at own risk.   Try on a machine you don't mind losing all data on. caveat admin.

To quickly set up a drive up as a single ext4 partition...

View detected devices of class "DISK"

lshw -C disk

View existing partition table(s)

fdisk -l

Edit the partition table for my chosen device (in this case, "sdx")

fdisk /dev/sdx

Within FDISK, press:

d ...to delete the current partition
n ...to create a new partition
p ...to specify it as a PRIMARY partition
1 ...to set it as the 1ST primary partition
w ...to write the changes.

Display the new partition table:

fdisk -l

Format the new partition's filesystem as type ext4

mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdx1

Create a new directory where the new drive will mount into:

mkdir /storage
mount /dev/sdx1 /storage

TUNING

Remove reserved blocks (i.e. set to 0%), since this drive is just for user data

tune2fs -m 0 /dev/sdx1

Since server is on UPS, Set write-back so apps don't wait for actual disk writes

tune2fs -o journal_data_writeback /dev/sdx1

Mount at boot up using /etc/fstab and also set write-back policy

vi /etc/fstab

Find (or add) the relevant line in fstab for your drive.  Parameters in fstab are separated by white space, for example the drive described above might appear as:

/dev/sdx1 /storage ext4 relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1

The first parameter identifies the partition (either by /dev/ or a long UUID);
The second parameter is the path the partition will be mounted to;
Third is the filesystem type;
The fourth parameter contains the options;
Fifth is the dump schedule for backups; and,
The sixth parameter is pass-number (used to control fsck order).

Change the options (4th parameter) to:

noatime,nodiratime,data=writeback,barrier=0,nobh,errors=remount-ro

Reboot to check that everything went well.
Remember these commands are destructive! Have backups and be careful!


What is the chipset of D-link DWA-160 A2 ? Googling a bit, it seems to be an Atheros chipset. If it happens to be an AR9285, you are using the ath9k driver and might be hitting bug 518818 (on launchpad)

Using latest compat-wireless solved the issue for me, so you can try it:

1) download compat-wireless 2010-09-12.tar.bz2 from http://www.orbit-lab.org/kernel/compat-wireless-2.6/

2) unpack it

3) make

4) sudo make install

This should do the trick (if your problem is the one I suppose of course)


PHP 7.2.21 Released

PHP 7.2.21 Release Announcement
The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP
7.2.21. This is a security release which also contains several minor bug fixes.
All PHP 7.2 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version.
For source downloads of PHP 7.2.21 please visit our downloads
page.

How do I install a .tar.gz (or .tar.bz2) file?


How can I set up a keyboard shortcut to 'Aero Snap' windows in Gnome Shell?

In Ubuntu 13.10(probably 11.04 and above) the shortcuts would be:

Ctrl + Super + Up: Maximize

Ctrl + Super + Down: Restore/Minimize

Ctrl + Super + Left: Snap window left

Ctrl + Super + Right: Snap window right

If you hold down the Super key, you can get a list of these, and other, keyboard shortcuts.

PS. Super key aka      key in Windows keyboard. learn more


To kill all the processes that you have the permission to kill, simply run the command

kill -15 -1 or kill -9 -1 depending on the desired behavior (use man kill for details)

To kill a specific process, say, firefox, simply run

pkill firefox or killall firefox depending on the behavior you want: What's the difference between 'killall' and 'pkill'?

If you want to see what processes are running use the command

ps -ef

If you want to look up all processes by user bob, this might help

pgrep -l -u bob

or

ps -ef | grep bob


Install Ubuntu on HP TM2, BUG: soft lockup - CPU stuck for 23s!

Amazingly, I just hard rebooted and at second attempt installation went just fine. Now that Ubuntu is installed, I still occasionally get that weird lockup. I just restart it till it kicks in.


Not able to "Allow executing file as program"

Thanks for the help everyone, muru's comment lead me to go verbose mode while doing chmod +x to chmod-v +x. This did change the permission to rwx but when I did a ls -l it was back to rw.
I was looking for why chmod was not changing the permission properly and came across -
Unable to change permission of the files on mounted partitions in ubuntu 12.04 LTS
I was mounting the drive after boot and this was not letting me change permission to rwx.

But the accepted answer in the above link need a tool installed, in ubuntu we can do it using the disks tool too, I did that and rebooted and alls well now.


Is there a PPA for the latest Blender version?

You can also use https://launchpad.net/~irie/+archive/blender which is another alternative to the 2.5.x and the 2.4.x
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:irie/blender && sudo apt-get update
For Blender 2.68.x - sudo apt-get install blender
For Blender 2.4.x - sudo apt-get install blender2.4

Please note:
IRIE's PPA has not been updated for 6 months now, I have setup a new one here:
https://launchpad.net/~thomas-schiex/+archive/ubuntu/blender
You can install Blender 2.73rc1 and update as follows:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:thomas-schiex/blender
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install blender


Accidentally disabled my Samsung HM1200 bluetooth headset and can't enable it again

In a standard Bluetooth setup we can change the profile of a Bluetooth audio device from the Hardware tab in Sound settings:

Alternatively we can use the command line to switch profiles:
pactl set-card-profile <name or index of card> <profile>

After we had chosen the profile to "Off" it will not be shown in the Output tab as a valid audio output sink. As soon as we had enabled another profile, e.g. "a2dp", or "hsp" it comes back as a selectable device for Output.
Troubleshooting:
If this is not the case with your headset there may be an issue with the device's firmware. You may try the following steps:

reset pulseaudio with the following command:
  pulseaudio -k

Delete ~/.pulse:
All user setting which may interfere here are stored in ~/.pulse. It is safe to delete this directory if you had not used it for custom settings files. To be able to restore the directory use the following rather than deleting:
  mv ~/.pulse ~/.pulse.000

Re-pair your headset:
Remove your device from the list of known devices, and then pair it again as a new device.

Use pavucontrol  rather than Sound Settings for adjusting sound hardware settings.


Trying to free up some space: Where is my space going?

By default, 5% of the filesystem blocks will be reserved for the
  super-user, to avoid fragmentation and "allow root-owned daemons to
  continue to function correctly after non-privileged processes are
  prevented from writing to the filesystem" (from man mkfs.ext4).

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Ext4#Reserved_blocks

With that in mind, it adds up to 31GB (some rounding is taking place):

>>> 0.05 * 31
1.55
>>> 28 + 1.4 + 1.55
30.95

You can tune that value to be less than 5% (follow the aforementioned link), though that is not recommended in this case. To free up space consider apt-get clean (see the man page for details). Also, consider installing the software ncdu, which is like a du file browser in ncurses, where you can navigate through the filesystem and folders/files are ordered by the size they take up. Check out what libraries/binaries/docs are taking up the most space and uninstall them via apt-get purge <package>. First make sure you don't need them, of course: apt-cache rdepends --installed <package>. The later lists what packages depend on the one you intend to uinstall. Do not uninstall if you see something in there (unless there is some "circular" dependencies, i.e. call apt-cache ... again on the results if you think that might be the case).

You can also look for uninstalled packages of which config files etc were kept back: dpkg -l | grep ^rc. You can automatically purge them using some cut shenanigans: dpkg -l | grep ^rc | cut -d" " -f3 | perl -p -e 's/\n/ /g'

You can also safely remove old logs if that's taking up too much space.


You want the wubi installer. A very nice guide for that is available here. https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WubiGuide. I suggest you read it thoroughly and then step through it. I've used this method before with excellent results for clients who wanted to try Ubuntu but were uncomfortable with the idea of completely dumping windows.

Edit: It doesn't appear as if the official wubi is currently in development, however an active fork  of the project can be found here that supports all currently supported versions of Ubuntu. There are some differences between the official wubi and the fork, so it's a good idea to read the docs on the home page as well as the related info for Mok Manager.


Running {command vs through bash script} + redirect output

For starters you need a valid shebang. Your second file almost has one but the !# are the wrong way around. Second up you need a valid interpreter! None of my systems have a /usr/bin/bash, it's just /bin/bash. You could even just use /bin/sh. It's ever-so-slightly lighter.

The following should work:

#!/bin/sh
wine /home/aiao/.wine/drive_c/Program\ Files\ \(x86\)/LINE/Line.exe > /dev/null 2>&1


Unofficial Software on 12.10 Preventing Upgrade to 13.04. How to proceed?

Execute the following command to resolve this problem

echo "postgresql-9.2 install" | sudo dpkg --set-selections


4.13.0.25 has been superseded by 4.13.0.26

See Canonical fixes Ubuntu 16.04 LTS regression causing boot failure on some PCs

Please boot using an older kernel and update your system again.

Hope this helps


ASUS Netbook - Loading Ubuntu (replacing Win8.1)

Step 1.

Create an 'UEFI only' USB installer for Ubuntu 15.04.

from:
http://fedoramagazine.org/how-to-make-a-live-usb-stick-using-gnome-disks/

Open 'Gnome Disks' tool (or search for 'disks')
Insert 2GB (or 4GB) USB stick into computer (any content will be lost)
Select the USB stick (be sure you selected the correct device)
Use the advanced tools (the 'gear' icon) to: “Restore disk image”
Select the Ubuntu ISO file ..

Step 2.

Use 'Shift key' method to get Win8.1/BIOS to select that USB device as an UEFI recovery USB. That assumes you BIOS with 'Secure Boot' enabled.

Step 3.

Start Ubuntu install, choose 'erase and install Ubuntu' ..

Note: I used this method in Feb/Mar to install early 'beta' 15.04 builds (on a Win8.1 laptop).


Installing Kotlin securely, with package signatures, auto-update etc

I don't know about umake. I've just written a little bash script to generate a minimal deb package out of the distributed zip archive.

Create a new kotlinc-deb file:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
if [ -z "$1" ]; then echo "Error: no input zip file is specified"; exit 1; fi
version=${1#kotlin-compiler-}
version=${version%.zip}
unzip $1 -d kotlinc_${version}_all/
cd kotlinc_${version}_all/
mkdir -v opt
mv -v kotlinc opt/
rm -rv 'opt/kotlinc/bin/'*.bat
mkdir -vp usr/{bin,share/doc}
mv -v opt/kotlinc/license usr/share/doc/kotlinc
sed -i $'s/\r$//' 'opt/kotlinc/bin/'* #The new 1.2.0 version has shell scripts in
                                      # CRLF format. That causes issues when running
                                      # them. So I added this CRLF to LF conversion
cd usr/bin
ln -svt . '../../opt/kotlinc/bin/'*
cd ../..
mkdir -v DEBIAN
cat >DEBIAN/control <<EOF
Package: kotlinc
Version: ${version}
Section: java
Priority: optional
Maintainer: ${LOGNAME} <${LOGNAME}@localhost>
Architecture: all
Description: The Kotlin compiler
 The compiler for the Kotlin programming language.
EOF
dpkg-deb -b ../kotlinc_${version}_all{,.deb}

And then run:

$ chmod +x kotlinc-deb
$ ./kotlinc-deb kotlin-compiler-1.1.51.zip

After that, you can install the generated kotlinc_1.1.51_all.deb as a usual deb package.


Trying to setup VPN and now i cannot access the internet

If your iptables rules are still set up wrong, this is probably what blocks you.
Try resetting them using the following commands:
sudo iptables -F
sudo iptables -t nat -F
sudo iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
sudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT

If that doesn't help, show us what iptables -L returns.
That may only be part of the problem however.


OK. As no οne answered I thought to give it a try. My thoughts was on how to update the firmware of a device that I'm using if the installation instructions say "Only offline"!!!.
The sort answer is "you do it anyway and the device will disconnect and connect back again during the process, all by it self"!!! Nice.
So as I'm not a GUI guy I did via terminal and it was quite simple. Just 2 commands.
sudo fwupdmgr refresh
sudo fwupdmgr update

If there is an update to any of the connected devices, after the 2nd command there will be a prompt, asking you if you want to proceed with the update. If you do concern and hit Y, the update will start and in some point the dock will restart it self. Don't panic. This is what it supposed to do. After that the dock will connect to laptop again and.... that's it.
I however did one more thing. I disconnected the laptop and power down the dock by removing the power cable. After 5 sec I powered back up the dock and the fans of the dock  went crazy for about a minute. I don't know if that was needed but I did it anyway. After that all was OK and my laptop is "docked" again with no problems.
note:
In case you don't have fwupdmgr, just run sudo apt install fwupd.


Ubuntu 17.04 keyboard suddenly stopped working

For me wifi was stopped working after couple of restarts, post 17.04 to 17.10 upgrade. I chose earlier stable version of kernel from grub, and things are running fine now. You may want to check out dmesg output, that's how i got the hint that something is wrong around it.


sudo gparted on unmounted bootable partition - all options disabled

No idea what's wrong with gparted, but KDE Partition Manager correctly shows the two partitions I've created (Ubuntu bootable, NTFS data). It also allows me to perform operations on them.

KDE Partition Manager is available via Ubuntu Software and needs to be run as

sudo partitionmanager


phpmyadmin: The json extension is missing

I found the problem.

I had replaced the default php.ini file with one from a different server, and that must have messed it up.

I reinstalled LAMP & phpmyadmin, this time leaving php.ini alone, and it worked just fine.


How to add Firefox profiles to quick list for Firefox Launcher?

You can edit the Firefox quicklist with Ubuntu-Tweak.

(Click here to see how to install Ubuntu Tweak).

Once you have Ubuntu-Tweak installed...

Instructions:

Open Ubuntu-Tweak.
Navigate to "Admins".
Choose "QuickLists Editor"

Find the icon that matches the one you want to edit (in this case Firefox).

To add your new QuickList items:

Click the "+" button to add a new item.
Enter firefox -p as the command (to open the profile manager).
For individual profiles, you can use firefox -P <profilename>.
Name it whatever you want.
Click save.

The quicklist is update automatically.

Above is an example.

The list of options you can use in your quicklist are as follows:

Usage: firefox [ options ... ] [URL]
       where options include:

X11 options
  --display=DISPLAY  X display to use
  --sync             Make X calls synchronous
  --g-fatal-warnings Make all warnings fatal

Firefox options
  -h or -help        Print this message.
  -v or -version     Print Firefox version.
  -P <profile>       Start with <profile>.
  -migration         Start with migration wizard.
  -ProfileManager    Start with ProfileManager.
  -no-remote         Do not accept or send remote commands; implies -new-instance.
  -new-instance      Open new instance, not a new window in running instance.
  -UILocale <locale> Start with <locale> resources as UI Locale.
  -safe-mode         Disables extensions and themes for this session.
  -jsconsole         Open the Error console.
  -browser           Open a browser window.
  -new-window  <url> Open <url> in a new window.
  -new-tab     <url> Open <url> in a new tab.
  -preferences       Open Preferences dialog.
  -search     <term> Search <term> with your default search engine.
  -private           Enable private browsing mode.
  -private-toggle    Toggle private browsing mode.
  -setDefaultBrowser Set this app as the default browser.

      -g or --debug          Start within debugger
      -d or --debugger       Specify debugger to start with (eg, gdb or valgrind)
      -a or --debugger-args  Specify arguments for debugger

Found by running firefox --help.


Can't access my home directory "Encrypted private directory is not setup properly"

I had a similar issue. I was able to solve it using the instructions here:

http://deferred.io/posts/2013/01/06/recovering-ecryptfs-home-dir.html

The key for me was to first navigate to:

/media/(mypartition)/home/.ecryptfs/(foldername)

before I ran the command:

sudo ecryptfs-recover-private .Private/

Before I just navigated to /media and ran

sudo ecryptfs-recover-private (mypartition)

I entered my passphrase and I received a SUCCESS notification. Unfortunately, I was still unable to access /tmp/ecryptfs.(randomcharacters)

It took me two days to finally find a solution that worked.


I had exactly the same problem but it's been fixed in today's update.
Just update and it will be solved


Desktop loses color setting (suddenly everything is yellow-ish)

It was in fact the Night Light settings. Thanks Terrance.

After turning off Settings > Devices > Displays > Night Light everything looks normal (and stayed that way).


How to programmatically check if getopts is installed? If not, install it

When you want to check if some tool you start from the command line is installed the following line would work:

if [ "`which someCommand`" = "" ]

The which command checks for the full file name of the executable of someCommand and if the file is not found the body of the if statement is executed.

However this assumes that someCommand is a command you can start from the command line (terminal etc.).

In your case you probably want to check if the file /usr/share/perl5/getopts.pl exists.

According to this question this can be done using the following check:

if [ ! -f /usr/share/perl5/getopts.pl ]

This statement will check if some file not exist...


Just type <enter>~& (that's three keystrokes: enter, squggle, ampersand) and ssh will go into the background, and eventually timeout by itself.  That's good if you want to just abandon an interactive session in a case like this.

Or, alternatively, put that into a shell script on MyLocalPC and connect in a way that will background the connection:

ssh -f MyLocalPC go-to-sleep


How can I stop Apt from marking packages as manual when you run the "apt install " command?

You cannot stop apt from marking a package that you specified as manual. You specified it -- that's the definition of 'manual'.
However, when you do that, it's trivial to change apt-marking back from manual to auto:
sudo apt-mark auto <package-name-1> <package-name-2> ... <package-name-n>


How to make Firefox download to Downloads folder even when "Open with xxx" is selected?

You can do this by creating a script to run firefox and change an advanced setting inside firefox.

First the script:

#!/bin/bash
tmp_folder='/home/your_user_name/Downloads/firefox'
export TMP=$tmp_folder
export TEMP=$tmp_folder
mkdir $tmp_folder
firefox

This will create a special directory inside Downloads called firefox where all tmp downloads will go

Now inside firefox open the advanced settings by typing about:config in a window. Search for a boolean or create a new one called browser.helperApps.deleteTempFileOnExit and set it to false

Now when you run firefox using your script you get the desired results, i.e. all opened files are saved inside Downloads/firefox and will not be deleted. You can change the directory to Downloads of course as well.


Cannot remove aspell-en in attempt to fix failed dist-upgrade?

Let's fix this problem on the low level by downloading package and install it directly:

apt-get download libtext-iconv-perl
sudo dpkg -i --force-all libtext-iconv-perl*.deb

and next resume the process with

sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libtext-iconv-perl
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade # to get newest dependencies


Local domain "dev.my-example.com" is not ignored by http-proxy

Solved.

The problem wasn't with Ubuntu 12.04; you have to ensure that Firefox retrieves the proxy settings correctly:

Go to: Edit -> Preferences -> Advanced (tab).
Under Connection, where it reads "Configure how Firefox connects to the Internet", click on the Settings button.
Click on "Manual proxy configuration".
Add the domain and port for your proxy.
Check off "Use this proxy server for all protocols" (This is the correct setting for my network; it is possible that you network uses different proxies for https, FTP, and/or SOCKS. YMMV)
Click on the "OK" button.

(I must remember to test with other browsers; rekonq worked out-of-the-box...)


LAMP server installation stops at 79% configuring MySQL (EC2 BitNami AMI)

If you start with a standard Ubuntu 10.04 AMI published by Canonical, then installing LAMP with tasksel works just fine.  For us-west-1, the latest 64-bit 10.04 AMI is ami-81dde2f5.

The AMI you specified (ami-00e9d874) is a BitNami AMI.  It looks like BitNami already has MySQL installed on that AMI using a non-standard location (/opt/bitnami/mysql).  When you try to install MySQL with the standard Ubuntu tools, it does not detect the BitNami MySQL and then fails trying to run a second MySQL server:

120116  0:09:09 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
120116  0:09:09  InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 44233
120116  0:09:09 [ERROR] Can't start server: Bind on TCP/IP port: Address already in use
120116  0:09:09 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on port: 3306 ?
120116  0:09:09 [ERROR] Aborting

120116  0:09:09  InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
120116  0:09:10  InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 0 44233
120116  0:09:10 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

If you need to use a BitNami AMI, you'll need to follow their directions for installing LAMP.


Why do I have to repair my booting when swapping harddrives in my laptop?

Pretty much. EFI-mode booting involves two things:

Boot loader files written to the EFI System Partition (ESP) on the hard disk.
Pointers to the ESP-based files stored in NVRAM on the motherboard.

The intent is that you can install as many boot loaders as you like and provide an order in which the computer should try them. Users should also be able to override that order using their computers' built-in boot manager. In principle, this should greatly simplify multi-boot configurations.

Unfortunately, many computers delete NVRAM entries that point to devices that aren't available when the computer boots. Thus, when you swap disks, you can lose the ability to boot from them. IMHO, this is a design flaw in EFI.

Fortunately, there is a relatively easy workaround, but it requires some foresight to implement: In addition to the stored boot loader locations, a special one exists: EFI\BOOT\boot{arch}.efi, where {arch} is an architecture code -- normally x64 for x86-64 (AMD64) systems. This location is tried if no other boot entry works. It's normally used on removable media, but most EFIs will use it as a fallback for hard disks, too. Thus, if you copy GRUB or some other valid boot loader to EFI\BOOT\bootx64.efi on the ESP (normally /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi in Ubuntu), the disk will remain bootable even if the EFI boot entries are deleted. Note that you may need to copy boot loader configuration and support files, too.

FWIW, Fedora's got a boot loader called fallback.efi that's designed to restore deleted NVRAM entries. I've not looked into it in depth, but putting it in the EFI\BOOT\bootx64.efi location should fix this problem, too. The last I heard, though, some (broken) EFIs cause this file to run on every boot, and the result is an ever-increasing number of boot entries. This bug may well have been fixed by now, but I've not checked up on it recently.


Why do things change between using a LiveCD/LiveUSB and installing Ubuntu?

I had a similar experience while installing Ubuntu to a friend of mine. LiveUSB worked out of the box but when Ubuntu booted up he had terrible tearing due to the installed video drivers. His system was unusable.

So, my guess is that LiveUSB uses some very generic drivers for all your hardware and they can work averagely well.

During the installation, Ubuntu finds the exact drivers for your hardware and installs them for you to your hard drive. In that way, when you boot up, your hardware communicates with the software with the new drivers, and this may break some things that worked better in LiveUSB.

Disclaimer: This is a guess and I have no evidence to back it up.


What does the dns-search option mean in /etc/network/interfaces?

dns-search determines which domain is appended for dns lookups.

Normally you will specify here the same domain as returned by hostname  -f.

For detailed information see the following quote from man resolv.conf:

search Search list for host-name lookup.
    The  search  list  is  normally  determined from the local domain name; by
    default, it contains only the local domain name.  This may be changed by listing
    the desired domain search path following the search keyword with spaces or tabs
    separating  the  names.  Resolver queries having fewer than ndots dots (default
    is 1) in them will be attempted using each component of the search path in turn
    until a match is found.  For environments with multiple  subdomains  please read
    options ndots:n below to avoid man-in-the-middle attacks and unnecessary traffic
    for the root-dns-servers.  Note that this process may be slow and will generate
    a lot of network traffic if the servers for the  listed  domains  are not local,
    and that queries will time out if no server is available for one of the domains.

    The search list is currently limited to six domains with a total of 256 characters.


The latest Wine version can be checked on WineHQ. The latest Wine version proposed by Canonical can be checked on packages.ubuntu.com.

As of today, 1st february 2014, the latest version of Wine is 1.7.11, and 1.4.1 on Ubuntu 13.10.

Your version of Wine is not "bad", but you could want to upgrade it. Normally, newer versions support the same applications than an old one, but with more accuracy, and new applications. You can install a newer version of Wine (1.6 or 1.5 is the stable version, following your Ubuntu's version) with these commands :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine

For the support of applications, a detailed website is available at : http://appdb.winehq.org/ which will help you see what applications works, with which Wine version.

  Example for Supreme Commander :

  On http://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=version&iId=7038,
  you'll see that Supreme Commander is "Gold" rated on Ubuntu 12.04,
  with Wine 1.4, meaning it works well.
  You'll also see that you have to winetricks vcrun2005 in order to play the game.

  You will notice the "HOWTO" section, at the bottom of the page, that can help you > if you have issues.

  From there, you can assume it will work on 13.10 and Wine 1.6, but you'll still have
  to winetricks vcrun2005.

For your last question, Microsoft doesn't offer any "free" Office programs. But you can try LibreOffice, a free & open-source alternative for Linux/Mac/Windows.


How can I manage the DNS records of my website, which I host at home?

There exists no common way to update DNS records, but GoDaddy provides an API to do that. You could write your own script or use a ready-made one to use it from your Ubuntu Server.

Get some more information from the same question on ServerFault.


Why can't I upload files to SFTP home folder?

Both guides are for securing SSH access and limiting users to an SFTP-only chroot. For just SFTP access, all you need to do is:

sudo apt-get install ssh

Nothing more.


Where is "uname" pulling information from?

uname uses the system call uname(2) to get the kernel related information it shows.

The synopsis is:

#include <sys/utsname.h>
int uname(struct utsname *buf);

where uname(2) returns information in the structure pointed to by buf. Also you can read the header file utsname.h from /usr/include/"$(arch)"-linux-gnu/sys/utsname.h to dig deeper.

Have a look at man 2 uname to get more idea about this.


The temporary solution

You can press C-x C-+ and C-x C-- to increase or decrease the buffer text size.

The permanent solution

Put the following in your .emacs-file:

 (set-face-attribute 'default nil :height 100)

The value is in 1/10pt, so 100 will give you 10pt, etc.

Source: How to set the font size in emacs?


Trouble running command on Terminator launch

Here's what worked for me in the end:

terminator -e "bash --rcfile <(echo '. /home/apixel/.bashrc; ssh user@xxx.xxx.xxx.xx')" --geometry 900x575+110+55 --new-tab


Workaround for Viber and libcurl3 on Ubuntu 18.04

Since Claudio didn't moved his answer post as a new answer, I opened a new >answer post. Otherwise this question is still seen as question without answer, which is not true.
  @claudio: Post your answer as separate and flag this answer as to be deleted

workaround to make Viber coexist with other apps

like Opera and Virtualbox depending on libcurl4 and uninstalling your Viber client, here's a workaround:

Visit Viber website, download the rpm version (Fedora) and convert the rpm package to deb using alien:

sudo apt-get install alien
sudo alien --to-deb --scripts viber.rpm

Install the package:

sudo dpkg -i viber_7.0.0.1035-3_amd64.deb

I hope it helps.


Why does Wireless on my OEM 32bit notebook not work?

this really depends on what kind of (old/new) hardware you have.

There may be some hint in /var/log/syslog.

Please paste here more information (from "lspci" and/or hwinfo) as suggested above.

You can also try looking at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ReportingBugs#Tips_and_tricks

and/or possibly finding already existing bug here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu


Want to replace dual boot OS with a different OS; how can I find out which OS occupies which partition?

There are several ways to accomplish this:

One option would be obtain the info from the Boot Info Report or simply boot each distro and check the output of mount|grep " / " as suggested by oldfred here.

Edit: sudo fdisk -l will also show you the mount points and boot flags as will gparted.

Another would be to boot from live media, mount the partition in question and issue the command cat /mountpoint/etc/issue where mountpoint is the point where you mounted it as suggested by Panther here.

Another method would be to check the grub configuration. If you are more comfortable with a GUI you can install grub customizer and launch that. Go to the list configuration tab, right click on the menu entry that you want to know about and click edit. Look for the line in the menu entry that begins with linux   /boot/vmlinuz and look what it says after root= You have now identified where that menu entry boots from. If anything about this answer is unclear please leave me a comment and I'll clarify to the best of my ability.


How do I install drivers for AMD graphics card on Ubuntu 20.04?

A very impotant part in setting up your pc is making sure you plug the display cable into your graphics card. Because the Ryzen 5900X is not Vega accellerated, you can get this kind of issues if you got your DisplayPort plugged into the motherboard.


There are two ways (in common use) of denoting orders of magnitude to make large numbers easier to read, first you can use a power of 10.
10⁰ = 1
10¹ = 10
10² = 100
10³ = 1000

Or powers of two
2⁰ = 1
2¹ = 2
2² = 4
2³ = 8

Using these series as a base we arrive at the numbers 1000 and 1024 (10³ and 2¹⁰) for a kilo.
There are eight bits to a byte. So one kilobyte is 8×10³ = 8000 bits. Hard drive manufacturers use this method. In computer science, people usually use powers of two, so one kibibyte is 8×2¹⁰ = 8192 bits.
The difference only gets larger as the numbers get larger. Some have even mixed those two systems to get nice numbers to put on their packaging. This is why a 1.44MB floppy disk has neither 1.44 megabytes nor 1.44 mebibytes (they use 1024×1000).
The logic behind the i is that the terms are derived from the original si prefixes, kilo, mega, giga, but with the word binary put in in. So the i is the second letter of binary. The mnemonic for the kibibyte is "kilo binary byte", and "KiB" is pronounced "Kibibyte".
All of this is defined in the IEC_80000 Standard.
Note that a mebibyte is not defined as 2²⁰, but as (210)2, although they are equal. A gibibyte is (210)3, a tebibyte is (210)4 and so on.
Prefix       Bytes                      Prefix       Bytes
1 Byte     = (2^10)^0 = 1               1 Byte     = (10^3)^0 = 1
1 Kibibyte = (2^10)^1 = 1024            1 Kilobyte = (10^3)^1 = 1000
1 Mebibyte = (2^10)^2 = 1048576         1 Megabyte = (10^3)^2 = 1000000
1 Gibibyte = (2^10)^3 = 1073741824      1 Gigabyte = (10^3)^3 = 1000000000
1 Tebibyte = (2^10)^4 = 1099511627776   1 Terabyte = (10^3)^4 = 1000000000000

Keep in mind that, very often, the term kilobyte is used when the author means kibibyte. The binary unit was only introduced around 1999, as Randy Orrison points out.

As nealmcb found out in the comments, there is an official policy on this:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UnitsPolicy
In summary, this policy reminds developers to either use SI or IEC prefixes, but to never mix them. It goes on to say:

For file sizes there are two possibilities:

Show both, base-10 and base-2 (in this order). An example is the Linux kernel: "2930277168 512-byte hardware sectors: (1.50 TB/1.36 TiB)"
Only show base-10, or give the user the opportunity to decide between base-10 and base-2 (the default must be base-10).


Transfer Skype history from Windows to Ubuntu

I haven't tried it, but it should work.

First of all, exit from skype.

You need to copy Skype folder from your account on Windows(C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Skype on Windows7) to your Home folder on Linux(/home/%USERNAME/).

On your Home folder press Ctrl+H on file browser to see hidden files and folders. You should see folder with name .Skype. Make backup of it so you can restore it if something goes wrong. Than delete this folder and rename Skype folder to .Skype

Now try to run skype.


If you are able to see your MIDI controller when you run:

lsusb

then this guide should get you set up with the basics.  It goes into quite a lot of detail and discusses possible errors you might face and I wouldn't want to skip anything or take credit away from it.

This command should display your controller:

cat /proc/asound/cards

You do not need WINE for any of this.

On Ubuntu 16.04, I then needed to do the following:

Add an audio group to run your software at the right priority:

sudo addgroup audio

Add yourself to the audio group:

sudo adduser $USER audio

Check what address your soundcard is on for output (it's usually hw:0):

aplay -l

Install Fluidsynth and a soundfont which will act as your synthesizer:

sudo apt-get install fluidsynth
sudo apt-get install fluid-soundfont-gm

Install JACK2 which will be the sound server that sits on top of Alsa:

sudo apt-get install jackd2

Run the JACK server, but allow it to bypass any concurrent pulseaudio process:

pasuspender -- jackd -d alsa --device hw:0 --rate 44100 --period 1024

Run the synthesizer with one of the default sounds:

fluidsynth --server --audio-driver=jack --connect-jack-outputs /usr/share/sounds/sf2/FluidR3_GM.sf2

Now check what ports your servers are running on.  This should display your MIDI controller(note the number after client, I got 129):

aconnect -i

And this should display the port for Fluidsynth(I got 128):

aconnect -o

Connect the two(remember 129 and 128 are for illustrative purposes, use the port numbers you see in the above two commands):

aconnect 129:0 128:0

You should now be able to hear sounds when hitting the keys on your controller!


Gnome On Screen Keyboard appears only in activity search

Sorry but it seems that this is a known problem.
I also cannot get it to work and there is already a bug report.
bugzilla


Accessing partition inside VirtualBox running Ubuntu

Accessing your folder from your host (Ubuntu) with a guest operational system should not be very difficult.

The tools are supplied by VirtualBox to allow sharing of folder without having to rely on network sharing protocols like samba of nfs.

Of course all of this depends on the host and on the guest but normally involves 3 steps:

Install the guest additions for the guest system, supported
systems are:
Windows, Linux, Solaris or OS/2

From the guest VirtualBox window go to Devices > Shared Folders
and on the new window click on the green + button to add a
folder/drive from your host to the mounting points list

Third and last step is from within the guest system to mount the
share you just created using the specific
commands
inside the guest system to mount them. Ie, for windows that would be something like pressing the Win+R keys and typing net use x: \\vboxsvr\sharename. Your host's sharedname folder would then be mounted as drive letter x: inside your windows guest.


Difference between desktop-install and copying desktop file to applications directory

To quote man desktop-file-install:

  desktop-file-install will always try to validate the resulting desktop file. A failure to validate might lead to the abortion of the installation of the desktop files.

In contrast, cp will copy anything.

So there is no desktop-file-uninstall since there is no need to validate files you are deleting.


Can't find Apt-Cacher NG cache files after performing Ubuntu preseed installation using cacher as proxy

I think you need to set mirror/http/proxy to your apt-cacher-ng host as well otherwise it is probably using the country specific version of the archive.ubuntu.org mirror which may not match the mirror URL you specified. The downside of the mirror/http/proxy is that it affects ALL http downloads (wget/curl/etc) for the duration of the preseed.

Actually after further reading you should leave the country as literally country string manual. Manual doesn't mean 'replace me' in this instance, it means don't automatically pick a mirror (the default behavior) and this is actually why you weren't seeing any traffic on your apt-cacher-ng host, the system was simply bypassing it and going to the local regional mirror instead.


Cannot connect to X display using an ssh tunnel in WSL bash

First, you need to enable ForwardX11 on the client and X11Forwarding on the remote host in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.

Then, try without adjusting DISPLAY on your workstation/remote machine first.  Only set the DISPLAY variable after you've ensured everything else is set up to work correctly.  You shouldn't have to set this but it is possible.

I believe that the command 'hangs forever' because it is being displayed on the remote machine (which you likely cannot see).

Sometimes it's good to simplify things and try to solve one problem at a time.  Have you tried dropping the port forwarding and everything else and focused on getting X11 Forwarding working in a simple setup?

Summary: Asker enabled ForwardX11 on the client and set DISPLAY=localhost:0.0 only after initial attempt resulted in

connect /tmp/.X11-unix/X0: Connection refused Error: Can't open display: localhost:13.0


Too many Partitions on drive, can't dual boot ubuntu alongside win8 on Thinkpad

You must make extended partitions. A MS-DOS partition table allows a maximum of 4 primary partitions.

Don't try to shrink or split a primary partition in two that is located before the extended partitions because you may alter partition table.

  I also have allocated 20gb for Ubuntu.

Instead of allocating Ubuntu partitions from Windows, you should delete/shrink partitions to leave empty space in Windows. Then let Ubuntu partition manager create partitions on that empty space.


How can I erase other versions of Ubuntu (backtrack, studio 10.04) from my computer's HD and boot selection.

This is a little awkward. One way could be to erase all files that belong to Backtrack and Studio...and than also modify grub to delete that two options.

Probably better way would be to try out that OS Uninstaller software.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/OS-Uninstaller

Be careful from where you run it. I recommend you to use live system for that.


Is it possible to schedule `fsck` command and run it in background?

The Myth - "NO it can't be done"
All these most popular google search hits ignore the question or say NO it can't be done. That isn't true though. fsck is scheduled to run during boot before the filesystem is mounted as rw (read/write). As such most answers says it can't be run after system is fully booted:

Can I run fsck or e2fsck when Linux file system is mounted?
Doing disk checks on mounted OS partition?
Is it possible to run fsck to only see errors on mounted disk

Why it needs to be done
This is a good question for some types of users.

Sometimes I can go weeks before rebooting my laptop and will not get the benefit of fsck regularly.
Other times I can reboot dozens of times an hour as I try out a new grub theme or switch between distributions to compare functionality. In this case I don't want to wait the extra 30 seconds for fsck to run. As such I have it disabled during boot.

What the manual says about how it can be done
You can run fsck -n but it won't accurately report errors for ReiserFS (whatever that filesystem is). There is another obscure file system called it refuses to check altogether.
$ man fsck

FSCK(8)                              System Administration                             FSCK(8)
    NAME

       fsck - check and repair a Linux filesystem

SYNOPSIS
       fsck  [-lsAVRTMNP]  [-r  [fd]] [-C [fd]] [-t fstype] [filesystem...] [--] [fs-specific-
       options]

DESCRIPTION
       fsck is used to check and optionally repair one or more Linux filesystems.  filesys can
       be a device name (e.g.  /dev/hdc1, /dev/sdb2), a mount point (e.g.  /, /usr, /home), or
       an ext2 label or UUID  specifier  (e.g.   UUID=8868abf6-88c5-4a83-98b8-bfc24057f7bd  or
       LABEL=root).   Normally,  the  fsck program will try to handle filesystems on different
       physical disk drives in parallel to reduce the total amount of time needed to check all
       of them.

       If  no  filesystems  are specified on the command line, and the -A option is not speci‐
       fied, fsck will default to checking filesystems in /etc/fstab serially.  This is equiv‐
       alent to the -As options.

       The exit code returned by fsck is the sum of the following conditions:

              0      No errors
              1      Filesystem errors corrected
              2      System should be rebooted
              4      Filesystem errors left uncorrected
              8      Operational error
              16     Usage or syntax error

OPTIONS

       -n     For some filesystem-specific checkers, the -n option will cause the  fs-specific
              fsck to avoid attempting to repair any problems, but simply report such problems
              to stdout.  This is however not true for all filesystem-specific  checkers.   In
              particular,  fsck.reiserfs(8)  will  not  report  any  corruption  if given this
              option.  fsck.minix(8) does not support the -n option at all.

What it looks like checking mounted partitions
I have three partitions; Old (broken) Ubuntu 16.04, Ubuntu 19.04 (called Ubuntu 18.04) and New Ubuntu 16.04. When running fchk they look like this:
$ sudo fsck -n /dev/nvme0n1p7
fsck from util-linux 2.27.1
e2fsck 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
Warning!  /dev/nvme0n1p7 is mounted.
Warning: skipping journal recovery because doing a read-only filesystem check.
Old_Ubuntu_16.04 has been mounted 358 times without being checked, check forced.
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Old_Ubuntu_16.04: 433493/1515520 files (0.8% non-contiguous), 4956946/6061568 blocks

$ sudo fsck -n /dev/nvme0n1p10
fsck from util-linux 2.27.1
e2fsck 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
Warning!  /dev/nvme0n1p10 is mounted.
Warning: skipping journal recovery because doing a read-only filesystem check.
Ubuntu_18.04: clean, 719735/1782368 files, 5770105/7129088 blocks

$ sudo fsck -n /dev/nvme0n1p6
fsck from util-linux 2.27.1
e2fsck 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
Warning!  /dev/nvme0n1p6 is mounted.
Warning: skipping journal recovery because doing a read-only filesystem check.
New_Ubuntu_16.04: clean, 833786/2953920 files, 8256858/11829504 blocks

As you can see fsck is telling us Old Ubuntu 16.04 requires a real fsck be run with system mounted in ro (read only mode) so fixes can be applied if necessary. However I already know it is broken.

Later I'll update this answer with a cron weekly job that runs fsck on three mounted Ubuntu partitions in check only mode.


Windows 10 corrupts Ubuntu 18.04 partitions

In a dual boot configuration with Windows and Ubuntu, Ubuntu can easily read Windows NTFS partitions/disks, however, when booted into Windows, Windows can't natively read/mount Ubuntu ext[2-4] partitions/disks.

Many users try to remedy this by installing a Windows driver (like ext2fsd) that will allow them to read/mount ext[2-4] partitions.

My experience is that these Windows drivers can regularly corrupt the Ubuntu ext[2-4] partitions. Uninstall this driver in Windows, and fsck your Ubuntu partition, and you should be fine.

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

If for some reason you can't do the above...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted and determine which /dev/sdaX is your Ubuntu EXT4 partition
quit gparted
open a terminal window
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdaX # replacing X with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


404 "failed to fetch" error with repositories when running software updater

Finally, I managed to remove the errors.
I noticed that I had two entries of this kind in the list of repositories:

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/$(lsb_release/-sc) universe
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/$(lsb_release/-sc) universe (Source code)

After removing those 2 entries, I haven't got errors any more.
Now my question is if the two repositories I have removed are needed or I can leave them apart?
Thank you.


How to user convert files to Linux format in bash script?

In the command

cd "/path/to/dir" &&  find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 | dos2unix

you are piping a null-separated list of filenames to xargs, but not supplying a command to run on them. In this case, xargs defaults to executing /bin/echo on them: in other words, it just outputs a space-separated list of filenames on standard output, which you then pipe to dos2unix. The result is that instead of converting the files to Unix format, you just convert the list of filenames.

Presumably what you intended was

cd "/path/to/dir" &&  find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 dos2unix

However you could achieve the same more compactly using the find command's -exec or -execdir e.g.

find "/path/to/dir/" -type f -execdir dos2unix {} +

or (to restrict to .c and .h files)

find "/path/to/dir/" -type f -name '*.[ch]' -execdir dos2unix {} +


3D textures on Intel HD 3000 Sandy Bridge have erroneous rectangles in 32-bit GL/GLU games (but not 64-bit ones) in either 32-bit or 64-bit

Sandy Bridge support has improved throughout 2011, even after the release of Oneiric. You could try using bleeding-edge packages from the xorg-edgers PPA to see if your problems have been fixed there. To do this, run the following commands in a terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

After rebooting your system should be using the newest drivers, X.org and kernel.

If you want to revert to the original versions of all the updated packages run:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa


What to do with driver which is "activated but not currently in use"?

Moving NVIDIA-Linux-x86-96.43.18.pkg1.run to some folder doesn't install it. You have to turn off x server and execute the pkg to install. (many question asked on this site , please search)

Additional drivers does the download and installation. (which is already done).

Know which driver in use by executing lsmod from terminal. There are two drivers for nvidia. One is open source nouveau and other closed source from nvidia (which gets installed if you install from nivida provided pkg ) . Either one of them is allowed and other will be blacklisted.


How to create /etc/.java/deployment directory

Open a terminal, by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T. Use the following command in the terminal,

sudo mkdir -p /etc/.java/deployment
sudo cp ~/Desktop/DeploymentRuleSet.jar /etc/.java/deployment

This will do the job.


You can set more than one key as the compose key using dconf-editor. This is not installed by default.

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Navigate to: org > gnome > desktop > input-sources and edit xkb-options.

For example ['compose:ralt','compose:menu'] sets both the right-alt and the menu key as compose keys.

You can find the syntax to use for the keys by running man 7 xkeyboard-config in a terminal.


Check your file system for errors.

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

If for some reason you can't do the above...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted and determine which /dev/sdaX is your Ubuntu EXT4 partition
quit gparted
open a terminal window
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdaX # replacing X with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

Update #1:

The fsck found and fixed errors on your file system, but the system continues to not boot fully. Other file corruption is possible. Booting to an older kernel works fine.

If you wish to continue to try troubleshooting the non-booting kernel, follow the procedure shown below, otherwise boot to the newest booting kernel, backup your files, and reinstall Ubuntu, then do Software Updates.

use the first method from my original instructions and boot to the newest kernel (that doesn't fully boot), and get to the # prompt.
type sudo pico /etc/default/grub and use the arrows keys to navigate to the line that contains "quiet splash" and delete the words quiet and splash so that you're left with "". Remember this line, as you'll need to reinsert those words back later, once the machine boots properly.
control-o # to save the edit
control-x # to exit the editor
sudo update-grub # to update grub
reboot # to reboot the computer

The machine still won't fully boot, but it'll show you on the screen where it's stopping, along with any error messages. Report back. Edit your original question with any important details, and then send me a comment that starts with @heynnema to alert me.


Ubuntu 18.04 Only audio option is HDMI and does not work

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+bug/1833116

git clone https://github.com/plbossart/UCM.git
cd UCM
cp -r chtmax98090/ /usr/share/alsa/ucm/
alsactl store

after reboot sound card should be detected


Is it possible to toggle the menu bar by pressing the Alt key?

The behavior of the File, Edit, View … menu bar is application-dependent and is not governed by the window manager.

In Kubuntu 18.04+

With Firefox, if you choose to hide the menu bar, you can make it appear temporarily by pressing Alt.
In Google Chrome, there's no such menu bar.
In Kubuntu's default terminal emulator, Konsole, if you choose to hide the menu bar in Configure Konsole, you can toggle it on/off using Ctrl+Shift+M. qterminal is similar.
In Gwenview and Kate, you can toggle it on/off using Ctrl+M.
In Dolphin, Ctrl+M toggles between the menu bar and a "Control" icon that looks like ☰.
VLC has a minimal interface option that is toggled with Ctrl+H. In addition to hiding the menu bar, the bottom strip showing the progress bar and other controls are also hidden.

In other words, it doesn't appear that there's a "global" toggle for the menu bar.

Please also look at How to restore horizontal application menu in KDE Plasma 5? in case you've added something that looks like ☰ in your window's titlebar. You'll need to remove that to regain the conventional menu bar.


How to enable mod_rewrite for virtual host

If you are using latest apache version 2.4+ then here is the process how to enable mod_rewrite.
Go to etc/apache2/
Open apache2.conf using your favorite text editor.
Change

<Directory /var/www/>
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

to

<Directory /var/www/>
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride All
    Require all granted
</Directory>

Then save it. Remember you should have root permission to edit and save this file.
Now restart apache.

service apache2 reload

This process will enable mod_rewrite for apache server including virtual host.

You can also check if it's enabled or not. Create a php script

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Load it from server. Under Loaded Modules section check if mod_rewrite is there or not. If it's there then it is enabled.


Juju stores the charm cache in mongodb. This is the juju version of mongodb and it stores to a database at /var/lib/juju/db.

A symlink of this directory to another disk is possible.

After a bootstrap of an environment I ran these commands:

service juju-db stop
mv /var/lib/juju/db /mnt/juju-db
ln -s /mnt/juju-db /var/lib/juju/db
service juju-db start

Now the database is on the filesystem mounted at /mnt.


Restrict the client access to a Plex Media Server to user specified IP addresses

Your default firewall is ufw

ufw has a graphical front end, gufw

You allow access to your desired IP, and deny from the rest.

You need to identify the ports your plex server is listening on and ip you wish to allow.

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Gufw

If you need more specific assistance, please update your question with additional details.


You can either restart your session or just issue
pkill gnome-panel.
That will restart your panel(s) and then cardapio will be visible. Good choice by the way. I'm using it and it's a realy good replacement for gnome-do plus any menu.


Copy files to an SMB share as non-root user

Either you add a mount option

  mount.cifs //192.168.1.1/share ~/share/ -o rw username=XYXY,password=XYXYXY

or you write a textfile

  gedit ~/.smbcredentials

with the content:

username=XYXY

password=XYXYXY

After that type

  sudo chmod 600 ~/.smbcredentials

Now try mounting:

  mount.cifs //192.168.1.1/share ~/share/ -o rw credentials=~/.smbcredentials

For reference: http://forums.buffalotech.com/t5/Storage/Instructions-mount-Linkstation-shares-on-Linux-system-Ubuntu/td-p/63306


16.04.01 LTS on AWS - Redis no longer working

I installed redis using apt-get install redis-server

The problem for me: the tutorials I've found eg. the other reply to this question assume that redis binaries are located in /usr/local/bin .

On my install they're located in /usr/bin so a fix for that is changing /etc/systemd/system/redis.service to reflect this.

At this point I can at start /usr/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf  manually and successfully run sudo systemctl start redis.

So what you need to do to get redis working on 16.04 is:

Make sure you installed using apt-get install redis-server, don't download the tar, then make & install.
Create or edit the redis service by running sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/redis.service
Edit it to look like this then save:

[Unit]
Description=Redis Datastore Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/redis/redis_6379
User=redis
Group=redis

Environment=statedir=/var/run/redis
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStartPre=/bin/mkdir -p ${statedir}
ExecStartPre=/bin/chown -R redis:redis ${statedir}
ExecStart=/usr/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
ExecStop=/usr/bin/redis-cli shutdown
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Quit vi back to bash. You should be able to start the service now with sudo systemctl start redis
If point 4 doesn't work you can probably at least start it manually by running sudo /usr/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf .

The important part that I had to edit was making sure that

  ExecStart=/usr/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf

  ExecStop=/usr/bin/redis-cli shutdown

lines didn't point to usr/local/bin/foo - need to remove the /local


If you're just trying to get Vista bootable again and then go from there, there's a few different ways you can go about trying to fix your boot loader.  The basic process is documented here:

http://www.lancelhoff.com/how-to-fix-vista-mbr-repair-broken-vista/

That should be a good place to start.


Cannot set an environment variable using a Bash script

By default bash creates a copy of the current environment, executes the script in this environment, then destroys the copy.

To execute a script in the current environment you should use this syntax:

. /home/m/mydata/sourecCode
echo $DEV_SRC

or

source /home/m/mydata/sourecCode
echo $DEV_SRC


How to remove the Unity launcher icon by setting its size to zero?

If you have cairo dock installed (specifically cairo-dock-data) installed then when you log in you can click the ubuntu symbol to the right of your username and select the entry Cairo Dock (GNOME) or something to that effect. Enter in your password and when you log in your desktop will not have Unity and instead will just have Cairo Dock.

Hope this helps


Cannot find a safe socket path in '/tmp'

/tmp should have the sticky bit set, so

sudo chmod 1777 /tmp

chmod 777 / wouldn't change permissions on /tmp though, unless the command actually had the -R switch too. If you did have -R on that chmod, and even if you were quick in aborting it, you've likely hosed your system to the point where fixing it will require much more work than a reinstall.

Anyway, using chmod 777 on any file or directory is always wrong. Don't do it. Learn how permissions work and do it properly. See http://mywiki.wooledge.org/Permissions


After I installed ccsm, my desktop not working properly. How to restore?

Suggest that you restart your computer (If you are stuck on the desktop you can open a Terminal with the CTRL+ALT+T shortcut) with the command:

sudo shutdown - r now

command, and then drop into a recovery console.

From there, you will want to run the command:

unity - - reset

and allow that to complete before restarting your computer and then try to login again. This should reset your Unity back to the way that it was before the ccsm hang crashed the install.

Found that in my case, choosing the Crash Handler preference was the problem in ccsm, but suppose that YMMV in the usage of ccsm given the difference of video cards and drivers.

HTH. Have a nice day. :)


How can I stop certain apps from appearing in the Dash?

For any app that you don't want displayed in the Dash it needs a line in it's .desktop, -
NoDisplay=true

If NoDisplay=false is there then in a text editor simply edit to true, if the line doesn't exist then add it

Most app's  .desktops will be found in /usr/share/applications & can be edited there in a root text editor. Alternately you can copy the .desktop to ~/.local/share/applications & edit there instead with your normal (non root) text editor.

When copied there it is protected against updates & only applies locally to that user

Example in screen of adding line to debian-xterm.desktop


/etc/crypttab Here, I found an entry that referred to the non-existing cryptswap. I deleted it.

Got it from: Ubuntu 16.04 boot slow


Easy Full Install USB that Boots both BIOS and UEFI

Install Ubuntu from a Pre-built Image File.
This is another version of sudodus answer in step by step format.
If working in Windows:

Download Image File: dd_unb_ubuntu-20.04_15GB_2020-06-26.img.xz from mkusb Index of /isos/linux-tools/uefi-n-bios at
https://phillw.net/isos/linux-tools/uefi-n-bios/?C=M;O=D Download Link: https://phillw.net/isos/linux-tools/uefi-n-bios/dd_unb_ubuntu-20.04_15GB_2020-06-26.img.xz Link to MD5SUM's: https://phillw.net/isos/linux-tools/uefi-n-bios/md5sum.txt.asc

Download Rufus*: https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/releases/download/v3.11/rufus-3.11.exe

Etcher may also be used to flash the image: https://www.balena.io/etcher/

Double click Rufus .exe file.

Select USB drive as Target drive in Rufus.

Select above Image File in Rufus.

Click Rufus start button.

Wait for flashing to complete... Done.

Password is "changeme", change it

The USB drive should boot on almost any modern X86-64 computer.

Thanks to sudodus for the image file.
In Windows it may be necessary to install 7Zip before proceeding. Rufus and Etcher will use it when working with the .xz image: https://www.7-zip.org/a/7z1900-x64.exe
If working in Ubuntu: you can use mkusb, Disks or Etcher to flash the USB drive.  If using mkusb, select option "c" Cloning iso file... for flashing the image to disk. P7zip may be needed to extract the .xz image with Disks or Etcher.


How can I open the containing folders of items in Nautilus search results?

Jadonchristensen found a way to add "Open parent folder" to Nautilus' context menu:

1) install Nautilus Actions from terminal:

    sudo apt-get install nautilus-actions

2) run Nautilus Actions from terminal:

    nautilus-actions-config-tool

3) click on 'Add New Action' and fill the form as in the following:

    label = Open Parent Folder
    path = nautilus
    parameters = %d

5) save and exit

6) then simply right-clicking on the search result and selecting "Open parent folder" will do the trick.

It would be interesting to know if it's possible to open the containing folder in a NEW TAB rather than a new window.

Is there an option one can add to the nautilus command?

Successfully tested in

Ubuntu GnomeShell Remix 12.04 AMD64
Ubuntu 13.10 x64


How to restore my dell 15 3542 OS to ubuntu?

It is generally better to make a clean install of ubuntu, rather than messing with the factory settings. Moreover, the factory version will be for 12.04 which is pretty old, the current stable is 14.04 LTS. If you already have Windows 7, you can use unetbootin or a similar program to create a bootable usb disk for ubuntu 14.04 LTS. Then, all you have to do is boot from that pen-drive and make a clean install of ubuntu 14.04 on your Inspiron laptop.


"ssh localhost " command is showing 20 bad configuration options

Open the /etc/ssh/ssh_config and remove all the listed options. They are supposed to be part of the sshd_config (the server configuration), not the client one.


usb Ethernet adapter disapear after Stoping network-manager service

This happens because your eth1 interface is managed by Network Manager.

When you stop the service, the interface is disabled.

You can setup /etc/network/interfaces and not use NM for both devices.

But your problem is mainly because you did not set proper routing and iptables.


How to transfer files one-way every x minutes from remote machine?

I suggest rsync to copy the files and cron to run the rsync command regularly.
To log into the remote (remote from the Pi's point of view) machine without having to manually type a password each time you need to be able to log into the remote machine with public/private keys.

By default rsync doesn't delete files in the destination directory which were deleted in the source directory (just tested it).


You can install mupen64 with:

sudo apt-get install libmupen64plus2 mupen64plus


Can I have a desktop icon for creating new documents from a template?

You can create a new launcher in desktop which will help achieving your goal. To do that follow the steps below.

Create a .desktop file (say template-generator.desktop) in ~/Desktop.
Open the .desktop file with a text-editor.
Add the following lines and save the file.

[Desktop Entry]
Comment=Launcher to create a file from a template
Terminal=false
Name=Create Invoice from Template
Exec=/home/MyUsername/Templates/new_invoice.sh
Type=Application
Icon=/full/path/to/your/preferred/icon-file

(Put your username in place of MyUsername.)
Create the script new_invoice.sh in the Templates folder:

template="$HOME/Templates/New Invoice.ots"
filename="$HOME/Documents/Invoice from $(date).ods"
cp "$template" "$filename"
xdg-open "$filename"

Right click on the file, open Properties > Permissions, and select "allow executing file as program". Do the same for the .desktop file.
Double click on the file. A warning window may appear asking you to "Trust and Launch". Do it.


Why does my background go crazy or black after returning from suspend?

What you are experiencing is a known bug that's work in progress for Ubuntu 19.04: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mutter/+bug/1809407

The bug was fixed for Ubuntu 19.10 (released today).


Can't find Pidgin in the Software Center of Ubuntu 16.10

Pidgin is available in the universe repository :

apt policy pidgin
pidgin:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1:2.10.12-0ubuntu9
  Version table:
     1:2.10.12-0ubuntu9 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety/universe amd64 Packages

You can install it by using a terminal command :

sudo apt install pidgin


Where is the result of the "apt-get update" package list stored

The packages lists are stored in /var/lib/apt/lists/, copy all the files inside that directory (except lock and partial) to the other computer. You could also copy the .bin files in /var/cache/apt/.


Can I tell, from the browser, which Java version is installed, including whether OpenJDK, Oracle, etc

Try Java Plugin detector
Also Java tester

javatester.org
Also don't forget the terminal -
Run in the terminal:

java -version
If you are using Firefox type about: Plugins.
It will show your Java plugin being used:


Is `nomodeset` needed to boot Ubuntu from a Macbook's disk, just as from USB?

The boot option nomodeset is used to help the graphics work with some graphics chips/cards, where the standard linux drivers do not work well.

This is independent of the boot media (so if it is needed when booting from USB it will also be needed when booting from DVD or HDD or SSD).

In an installed system you should edit the file /etc/default/grub

See this link: Configuring GRUB 2 - /etc/default/grub

You can add nomodeset to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

so that it becomes

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"

Save the file and after that run the command

sudo update-grub

to get the boot option nomodeset active the next time you boot.

If you have nvidia graphics, it might be worth trying with a proprietary graphics driver to use the whole power of the chip/card, and this will only work in an installed system.


You apparently had partitioned the disk using GPT at one point, then used a non GPT aware partitioning tool ( fdisk maybe? ) to re-partition the disk using an msdos partition table.  The GPT is still there, and that is what (g)parted is looking at instead of the msdos partition table.  You need to remove the invalid GPT if you want to stick with msdos:

sudo apt-get install gdisk
sudo gdisk /dev/sda
x # xpert mode
z # zap gpt

This is the case for your sda only.  Run sudo parted -l and add it to your question to see what's wrong with the other drives.


US Intl keyboard layout without dead keys

I just came around this thread having the same problem. I noticed in Ubuntu 16.04 the layout to achieve this is called English (international with AltGr dead keys). So without the "US". This made me missing the option in the first place, so I hope this info is useful for others who want to achieve this particular behavior.


Ubuntu 16.04.6 Wifi not being detected on new HP laptop

With a working internet connection by ethernet, tethering or whatever means possible, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-date update
sudo apt-get install git build-essential
git clone http://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new.git -b rtw88
cd rtlwifi_new
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rtw_8822ce

Your wireless should now be working.

When your kernel changes, that is, when Update Manager installs a later kernel version, known as linux-image, then you need to do the following:

cd ~/rtlwifi_new
git pull
make
sudo make install

Remember, this MUST be done whenever you get a new kernel - no exceptions. Please retain the file and these instructions for this time.


cntlm: No proxy service ports were successfully opened

This looks to be a bug in CNTLM. The error was eventually solved by simply adding a blank line at the end of the config file.

Cntlm appears to ignore the last line of the config file regardless of its content, so simply adding a blank line at the end works around this bug.

I've filed a bug report here: https://sourceforge.net/p/cntlm/bugs/59/


Why is there no "purge" command in apt's manpage

From the changelog of apt, apt purge was added in apt package version 0.9.14.3~exp3 (dated 18 Jan, 2014):

apt (0.9.14.3~exp3) experimental; urgency=low

* add "apt purge"

This behaves the same way as apt-get purge but the man page lacks the mention.

From cmdline/apt.cc of apt source code:

// package stuff
{"install",&DoInstall},
{"remove", &DoInstall},
{"purge", &DoInstall},

This should definitely go in a bug report.

Also note that, the apt command is evolving and the plan is to incorporate all the options of apt-get to apt in the process.

The man apt of Xenial (16.04) has it (Thanks @muru).


As far as I know there aren't any other Anjuta integration projects for Bazaar.

The original author of anjuta-bazaar requested the project be set to inactive: https://answers.launchpad.net/launchpad-registry/+question/128171

It'd be great if somebody could pick up where he left the project and improve it. If there's anything I can help with from the Bazaar side, let me know.


After login, unable to use mouse or keyboard

Fixed it. Turns out it was a driver issue for graphics. Logged into safe boot, Installed nvidia drivers and everything works just fine.


juju controller bootstrap failure on MAAS node added on ESXi VM?

This means that you do not have any machine in MAAS for juju ….
Try this work arround… Create a machine with 4GB Ram and 2 CPUS..

If this not work please tell me...

KR


disable notifications for certain programs?

From its source page here, Run xfce4-notifyd-config to display the settings dialog. There aren't any other settings you can tune; if you do not see it in the settings dialog, it's not changeable.


sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade 7 not upgraded

Problem solved by editing "sources.list"

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

I simply modified sources.list using nano /etc/apt/sources.list and removed the lines that were stopping the upgrades that I found by running apt list --upgradable


16.04: Both screens turn black when plugging in an external monitor to notebook

I had a similar issue.  I have fixed it myself using this method.

System won't boot up properly - screens turning off and on. Only when second monitor is plugged in


Add a new partition to Ubuntu and append it to /var/www/

First, create a new partition on the second hard disk drive sdb and fomrat it, this can be done in one step:

# sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb -I

Then mount the created partition on the /var/www/ folder

# sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /var/www

Note that the www folder should be empty, if not move its contents to another folder, mount the new drive and move the files back again to www.

To make mounting permanent so you won't need to mount the drive every time you restart the machine, add the following line to /etc/fstab

/dev/sdb1   /var/www/   ext4    defaults    1   1


Probably a combination of the function key (Fn on the keyboard) and one of the function buttons F1 - F12.

On mine it's Fn+F2. You can google the info for you laptop model.


16.04 PHPmyadmin MySQL Unable to Insert Image

Somewhere during the dump and the reload of the .sql file, the column lost the mime entry for image.  Stopping it doing anything with the field really.

A


This advice did the trick for me.

Add 2nd display adapter in KVM manager and use remote-viewer spice://localhost:5900.


Messed up bluetooth configuration, cannot see or connect to bluetooth devices

/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.bluez.service and changing this line
ExecStart=/usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd to this
ExecStart=/usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd --compat
and then restarting Bluetooth like this
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart bluetooth

and you'll also have to change permissions on /var/run/sdp
sudo chmod 777 /var/run/sdp


I managed to fix this problem by using nomodeset parameter, I gave instructions in this question asked by me on fixing everything.


How to connect to Internet via wired USB ADSL modem in Ubuntu LiveUSB edition?

In my experience no way to use NetworkManager, you can follow the adverts in this guide. For me Method 1 worked, impossible to follow Method 2 because some packets are not available for the 12.04 version.I don't know if you can use it on a live environment, perhaps if you use a usb live with persistent mode


Scroll direction keeps changing after recent upgrade

This issue is currently being tracked on the Pop!_OS github here: https://github.com/pop-os/gnome-control-center/issues/120
And on the GNOME/mutter gitlab here: https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/mutter/-/issues/1505
Apologies for writing as an answer, but I can't comment currently.
The bug has been identified and a fix has been applied. The current planned release is Nov 21, but could possibly happen sooner. It appears to be backported to 3.36 and 3.38 as well.


It could be related to this problem of system being too slow to cope with data stream:

Slow and frozen playback issue update.

In answering his own question, the OP noted:

  After further investigation I've come to the conclusion that I am
  hitting the data transfer rate ceiling for my laptop. The files I have
  problems with real time playback are in the 90MB/sec range or higher.

  Files with data transfer rates below 60MB/sec work just fine.

One solution by other posters was to upgrade HDD to an SSD.

When the video pauses use journalctl -b-0 -xe to check for error messages. If you see:

NMI watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#12 stuck for 23s! [DOM Worker:1364]

Then see this tutorial: AMD Ryzen: Problems and Fixes


Does XFCE4's panel support the indicator-application menu?

I think that it could, but it currently is only written to load very specific indicators.  All of the indicators are basically the same, except the appmenu and application ones use the dynamic adding and removal feature, which I believe the XFCE applet doesn't yet support.  It's just a matter of someone writing that code :-)


"System program problem detected" on login

"Hacked" is a very general term. Know that any system can be hacked. Linux software happens to have features that make it nearly impossible to hack in the same way you would a Windows system. Besides, since the majority of PC users use Windows, most viruses are made for Windows. However, viruses for Linux have been created - not successfully, and mostly for "experimentation" purposes, but it has been done.

I would very strongly recommend that you ask the people who installed Ubuntu on your computer for your password and change it as soon as possible. Usually, when installing new systems, it is common to have the password be the same as the username, so try that.

See this question about the errors: Getting "System program problem detected" pops up regularly after upgrade

About the text size: it might be a good thing. Is it a problem? Your screen resolution may have been adjusted to be appropriate. Without more detail, it is difficult to tell what the problem is.


Ubuntu does not output monitor's native resolution over HDMI (W10 does)

Try 30 Hz refresh and if that works bump to 45 Hz, etc until you find the highest refresh rate that works.

Not all adapters are created equal. My original only worked fine at 1920x1080 at 60Hz. When I upgraded to a 4K TV it only worked at 30Hz. So I bought a new adapter rated for 60 Hz at 4K but the best I got from it was 54 Hz.


There are a few ways I can think of to do this:

You can use LDAP to have network-wide user passwords. I think Ubuntu uses PAM for logins, so you'd use a PAM LDAP module for logins. If your network is good enough, you can also use an NFS file server if you want to have a consistent home directory for each user on all computers. You can even have dumb client computers with no hard drives (perhaps spend the money on more RAM instead) which use PXE to load from a server an Ubuntu boot image configured to use the proper LDAP and NFS servers.
You can have SAMBA act as a Windows domain controller and have the client machines use PAM with SAMBA to authenticate. This has the benefit that you can more easily add Windows machines to the network later on if you want to.

I'm sure there are other methods.


After installing 'mesa', Ubuntu doesn't start up

Something similar happened to me after I installed libgles1-mesa. It removed ubuntu-desktop, so I had to press Ctrl+Alt+F1 and reinstall it in tty1.

Installing libgles1-mesa messes up my system


Ubuntu 18.10 occasional system freeze (maybe graphics related)

First, please reboot into the BIOS/Setup app, following chapter two of your motherboard manual, and reset to the system defaults. You may have chosen a BIOS/Setup option which drives the hardware faster than it will go.

Secondly, unplug then reseat the memory modules, following instructions on pages 10 and 11 of your manual. While you're doing that, compare the memory module part number to the part numbers on the Asus Prime B450-Plus Qualified Vendor List and confirm it is listed there.

If the issue persists, I certainly would consider installing the manufacturer's driver for your GTX 750 Ti 2GB, for nouveau freezes are not unheard of.

And, last but not least, the we-only-support-this-for-nine-months interim releases of Ubuntu like 18.10 are not what I'd use for new hardware. Stick with 18.04 LTS, or better yet, 16.04 LTS until you know the system is stable, then you can go to the bleeding edge.


Mouse pointer disappears on primary monitor?

Combine these commands

gksudo modprobe -r psmouse && gksudo modprobe psmouse

Let me know if it helped.

Modprobe is used to load or remove kernel modules, for more information see the manual.


Ubuntu 20.04: ubuntu-release-upgrader-qt : Depends: ubuntu-release-upgrader-core (= 1:20.04.18) but 1:20.04.28 is to be installed

I just solved it by adding these two lines in my /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates universe

and running these commands
# apt update
# apt upgrade
# apt install kubuntu-desktop


NVIDIA X Server Display Configuration - I don't have any resolution! (Ubuntu 13.04)

After reading through askubuntu.com/questions/61396/how-to-install-nvidia-drivers I came across this useful command.

sudo ubuntu-drivers devices | grep recommended

This in fact will roll through the devices on your computer and suggest which drivers to install. I had the same issue as you and essentially installed the suggested driver and viola all was well again!


FTP over ssh hangs on "Connection established: Waiting for Welcome Message"

In general a ftp client is using more than one port if it is using passive mode.
If you open the config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
and disable the passive mode with the parameter "pasv_enable=FALSE"

If your client needs the passive mode you can select the passive ports with the parameters pasv_max_port and pasv_min_port to a single port that you can forward through ssh too.


Upgrade to version newer than repositories

The broad answer to your question is no. As A.B. wrote in the answer you reference, installing software versions ahead of the official repositories will mostly likely to result in unmet dependencies, breaking things along the way.

There are two basic ways to upgrade software relative to the versions provided in the official repositories (none of them automatic):

Compile the software yourself (and all its dependencies).
Install the software from a third party PPA that may provide a more recent version.

Note that in both cases however, it is very possible this software becomes unusable after a system upgrade (e.g. from 14.04 to 15.04).


What is the best storage configuration for libvirt and KVM?

Hmm, good feature :). I haven't come across this need myself
yet. I believe the functionality you're looking for lives in
libguestfs: http://libguestfs.org/ .

See virt-resize and virt-filesystems

This article shows how to make use of these tools for
the purposes you've outlined.

http://askaralikhan.blogspot.com/2011/07/expanding-kvm-guest-disk-image-using.html

Let us know how it works out.