It appears there are issues with the iOS firmware on the iPod Touch 4G and Ubuntu - there is a long and detailed  post on Ubuntu Forums here detailing methods to troubleshoot and fix.


What are some of the available options for music production software for Ubuntu?

If you are looking for free software, I hear that Luppp is pretty good. Bitwig Studio is a newly released non-free Digital Audio Workstation.


You can use Eclipse for that, which will use g++ to compile your code. If you want to use a specific g++ version, you can always install different versions of g++ in your system and force Eclipse to use a specific one to compile.


Check your additional drivers tab in software & updates.

Or these sites can help:

http://support-hk.canon-asia.com/contents/HK/EN/0100412002.html

http://www.hamrick.com/vuescan/canon_mx510.html

http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2013/07/canon-drivers-for-ubuntu-and-linux-mint/

http://www.driverlook.com/canon-pixma-mx512-all-in-one-printer-driver-linux-mac/

Hope this helps.


Is Dell pre-installed Ubuntu the same as the general release? Or does the Dell pre-installed version have special Dell drivers etc?

Based on my experience with a Dell laptop that came with Ubuntu 16.04, the Dell version has quite some additional material, not just related to drivers:

sudo fdisk -l lists

 Device          Start        End   Sectors   Size Type
/dev/sda1        2048    1026047   1024000   500M EFI System
/dev/sda2     1026048    7317503   6291456     3G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda3     7317504  380581887 373264384   178G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda4  1937289216 1953523711  16234496   7.8G Linux swap

/dev/sda2 is described as "Microsoft basic data" and appears to be related to restoring the original Ubuntu OS installed on the system.

/dev/sda3 is the partition containing the Ubuntu 16.04 OS. I've reduced its size to accommodate other flavors of Ubuntu.
Looking at /boot shows several subfolders with Dell-related executables.
/usr/share/applications lists two .desktop files: "Dell Driver Installer" and "Dell Recovery"
man dell-recovery tells us that "dell-recovery  is  a  tool for generating recovery media for Dell factory shipped systems.  This media can then be used to rebuild a system with a factory image in the event of a hard drive failure."
The Dell version may come with the Super key disabled by default and requires several steps, described in the link to get this basic functionality.
If you view System Details, the image includes the Dell logo.

The GRUB menu has two entries not, in my opinion, available in a standard release.

/etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-dell.list has http://dell.archive.canonical.com/updates/ xenial-dell public.
http://dell.archive.canonical.com/updates/dists/xenial-dell/public/binary-amd64/Packages lists what will be included (depending on your system). One can download that list (as, say, "dell-packages.txt") and run grep -E "(^Package|^Description:)" dell-packages.txt to get a summary.
Currently, the corresponding bionic area is empty.
Given that Dell has recently released laptops with 16.04 pre-installed, I think it will be a while before they do anything for 18.04.

  I am just wondering if I need to look out for a Dell-special 18.04 when Dell finally start shipping it ...

That'll be your call. I'm quite happy running Kubuntu 18.04 alongside the version of Ubuntu 16.04 installed by Dell, but if you have need of specific drivers, you'll need to keep a watch for their availability.


unload module sr_mod gives me an error : rmmod: ERROR: Module sr_mod is in use

I think you're after:

modinfo sr_mod

It'll hopefully give you all the information you need.


I'm assuming by "db browser for sqlite", you mean "sqlitebrowser"

From https://packages.ubuntu.com

Package sqlitebrowser

  » trusty (14.04LTS) (devel): GUI editor for SQLite databases [universe]
    2.0.0~beta1+ds.1-3: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 powerpc ppc64el
  » xenial (16.04LTS) (devel): GUI editor for SQLite databases [universe]
    3.7.0-1: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 powerpc ppc64el s390x
  » artful (17.10) (devel): GUI editor for SQLite databases [universe]
    3.9.1-2: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 ppc64el s390x
  » bionic (18.04LTS) (devel): GUI editor for SQLite databases [universe]
    3.10.1-1.1: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 ppc64el s390x
  » cosmic (devel): GUI editor for SQLite databases [universe]
    3.10.1-2: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 ppc64el s390x

You can see the versions available for each release.

I'm guessing that you may have used a ppa, such as this one or some other source if you had versions as you mention in

  And found db browser for sqlite to be version 3.7.0 While it was 3.9.99 with 14.04


Correction:

While the solution I posted earlier did indeed solve the problem for me, it is the incorrect method for solving this issue.

SSR makes use of libav, not ffmpeg. You will need to uninstall the ffmpeg version you have on your system. Please disregard my solution below.

Incorrect solution:

I had this issue with SimpleScreenRecorder 0.2.2 on Ubuntu 14.04 64bit as well. It would seem that FFMPEG/avconv will seg fault when trying to identify your CPU capabilities (according to the developer of SSR).

Here is a quick fix, that should help you. I did this, and it allows me to use SSR with MP4 and H.264 again. Open a new Terminal, and enter the following commands and hit Enter for each (it's just two commands):

    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jon-severinsson/ffmpeg
    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

What this does, is that it adds a PPA that contains a newer version of FFMPEG/avconv maintained by Jon Severinsson. The second command then checks for updates, finds them and installs them (in this case, it finds the new FFMPEG/avconv).

There you go! You should now be able to record with SSR again. I hope this helps you :)

Further information:

This problem only seems to affect Intel CPUs, and even then I'm not sure how many are affected. My Intel i7-4770 seg faults with FFMPEG 1.2.5-1, but my AMD 965 x4 does not with the same FFMPEG.

By default, Ubuntu 14.04 comes with FFMPEG 7:1.2.5-1. The PPA will bump this to 7:1.2.6-1 at the time of this writing.

If this does not solve it for you, then I recommend you alert the developer of SSR on his GitHub page here: https://github.com/MaartenBaert/ssr/issues?state=open

I opened an issue for this, and I came to this solution thanks to his help. This is the related issue we both have: https://github.com/MaartenBaert/ssr/issues/179


Am I able to uninstall gnome-shell and have Ubuntu still function properly for my CLI purposes?

Yes. I can offer an alternative: disable the desktop.

  Or is it integral to the OS? Is it only related to the GUI aspect of my desktop installation, or does it play a role in everything (my docker services, server apps, etc.)?

Nope. Though you will also remove all the graphical related tools to your services.

The difference between a server and desktop is only a systemd setting and this will make your system show a login:

sudo systemctl enable multi-user.target --force
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target

You can then still start the desktop (command is startx).

To revert back to graphical logon:

sudo systemctl enable graphical-user.target --force
sudo systemctl set-default graphical-user.target

The current active option is shown with:

$ systemctl get-default
graphical.target

And ALL the available options are:

RunLevel Units
  0      runlevel0.target, poweroff.target  Shut down and power off
  1      runlevel1.target, rescue.target    Set up a rescue shell
2,3,4    runlevel[234].target, multi-user.target    Set up a nongraphical multi-user shell
  5      runlevel5.target, graphical.target Set up a graphical multi-user shell
  6      runlevel6.target, reboot.target    Shut down and reboot the system

So you can also use runlevel{number}.target where {number} is the run level.


Click on "Dash Home" in the top left corner of the screen. Type in "Startup Applications" in the search bar.

When it shows up open it. Click on "Add" and put in /usr/bin/pulseaudio in the command section. You can put in "Pulsaudio" or whatever you want for the name and click on "Save". Log out and back in and the sound will work.

Everyone knows logging in as root is not recommended, but that's not a reason for not answering the question.


It sounds like you want to do

export PATH="$PATH:~/Developer/android-studio/bin"

Then you'll be able to enter android-studio from anywhere. There's nothing magical about an environment variable named AS

If you want a shorthand, add a function to your .bashrc:

function as() { command android-studio "$@"; }


Unable to install Selenium Python module in Ubuntu 14.04

You are trying to install a Python 3 module in Python virtual environment (python-virtualenv) which is specific to Python 2.x. In order to use pip3 to install Python 3 modules in Ubuntu 14.04, you must create a Python virtual environment for Python 3.x by following the instructions in this answer. Then you can install the Selenium module in the new Pyvenv virtual environment using pip3. The supported Python 3.x versions for the latest version of the Selenium module are Python 3.2 and Python 3.3, so you cannot use pip3.4 to install this module, only pip3.


sh script for executing mysql script with entering pass

According to the docs

mysql -u root -p --execute="SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user"

prompts for a password, executes the given command, and returns to the shell (no logout required).

If you instead want your own prompt you need to script it:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

echo "Enter pwd"
read pwd
mysql -u root -p$pwd --execute="SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user"

Please note that there must be no space between -p and $pwd because
mysql then considers $pwd to be the database's name.

I would not recommend that because the password is then shown in
cleartext in the terminal whereas mysql -p shows asterisks instead.


It can depend on many factors such as:

Do you use Windows more than Linux on a daily basis?
Are you are gamer and have, play or test many games?
Do you work on a Windows environment more than a Linux one?
Are you installing Ubuntu just to learn about Linux or have in mind moving to it eventually?
How much space is already used by Windows?

Depending on this type of questions and any other you might start thinking, the size can change a lot. If this is your first time testing Ubuntu, I suggest giving Ubuntu about 100 GB to 250 GB, just to have enough space to test how it works, install apps, games, download torrents and more.

If you use both about the same, then giving both half of the size is pretty good, so 500 GB for each.

You would also need to check how much space Windows is using and how much it has left. It is recommended, if you are going to take some space left, and you are into gaming or heavy applications, leaving at least 200 GB to 500 GB to windows for any additional apps.

In regards to memory, it does not matter, the 4 GB of RAM will be reflected completely on both systems.

If you only want to test Ubuntu for a brief moment, I would suggest the minimum of about 10 GB for it up to 50 GB. Enough to at least play around, install Steam or LAMP services and toy with it.

But it all depends on how you wish to use your system at the end.


If you want to install curl PHP extension then php5-curl is the package you want. If you want to install just curl as in the command then the package name is curl.

Please learn about the basic package commands as: apt-cache show <package> and apt-cache search <pattern> and more.


How to merge two directories in Ubuntu 16.04?

This should do the trick:

rsync -av /var/second/app /var/first/app


Laptop directly booting to Ubuntu, grub repair fails, BIOS screen won't show up. Is there a way I can access Windows again?

I had a similar problem, was false alarm for me personally. For some reason, I simply had to hold the power button for much longer (about 15 seconds) so that it truly shutdown.

No explanation why, but it shut off the display, back-lit keyboard, etc, but apparently was not actually shut down, and was stuck in some limbo state.


Holding down SHIFT after your bios logo appears makes grub menu appear if it's hidden.  To make it hidden you need to edit /etc/default/grub with your favourite editor and add the following or remove the # if already exists

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true

save and quit, then run
sudo update-grub
(thanks for the reminder +forespiskie)


Lagging after update to 19.10 from 19.04

As verified in comments the solution to lagging is to reboot into grub's Advanced Options for Ubuntu menu and select an older kernel.

Going forward try out each new kernel the system installs until one finally works properly. You can tell when a new kernel is being installed because update-initramfs and update-grub run with very unique output. Additionally you will see the new kernels on the grub Advanced Options for Ubuntu menu.

Make sure you do not autoremove the kernel that is working for you now. The only way you can autoremove it is to boot into a newer kernel and type:

sudo apt autoremove

So don't do that!


Is there a way to set an event on the Calendar app that happens every week?

It appears that gnome-calendar does not support creation of recurring events.

If you install evolution it does support creating such events, and events created in Evolution will also show up properly in gnome-calendar and in the date and time indicator in Unity.


Thanks to minimec on #ubuntu @ irc freenode for this:

The answer was adapted from: Wireless disabled by hardware switch on an Asus X550V

for the ASUS F551CA the fix is:

sudo -i
echo "options asus_nb_wmi wapf=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/asus.conf
exit

Then reboot or reload the kernel module.


The correct path for installing fonts manually is /usr/local/share/fonts. I did so and libreoffice picked up my fonts just fine. However ~/.fonts, /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts and /usr/share/fonts---the latter two being exclusive to fonts provided by .deb packages---are equivalent from fontconfig's perspective.

I suspect a permissions problem. Take care that the font files are world readable. If they're not and you copy them with sudo they end up unreadable by libreoffice. That does not happen when copied into ~/.fonts by the user who then launches LO.


It was simply just faulty wiring.

Sorry guys!


Does Xubuntu 16.04 have the ubuntu snap installed?

Canonical unveils 6th LTS release of Ubuntu with 16.04 - Ubuntu 16.04 LTS adds new “snap” application package format, enabling further convergence across IOT, mobile and desktop.

You just get this output because you currently have no snap packages installed ... execute :

snap find

The output shows the currently available packages :

Name                   Version                  Summary
canonical-dragon       0.7.1                    The gadget snap for the dragonboard
canonical-i386         3.1                      The gadget snap for generic i386 systems
canonical-pc           3.1                      AMD64 generic package
canonical-pc-linux     4.4.0-18+20160419.13-26  The ubuntu-core kernel snap
canonical-pi2          3.2                      Raspberry Pi 2 support package
go-example-webserver   16.04-4                  Minimal Golang webserver for snappy
hello-world            6.0                      Hello world example
http                   4.6692016                HTTPie in a snap
links                  2.12-1                   Web browser running in text mode
moon-buggy             1.0.51.9                 Drive a car across the moon
nmap                   7.12SVN-0.4              Nmap ("Network Mapper") is a free and open source utility for network discovery and security auditing
notes-dpm              0.0.8+snap1              Note-taking application, write down your thoughts
shout                  0.53.0                   A self hosted web IRC client
sshtron                1.0                      multiplayer Tron via ssh
tor-middle-relay       0.2.7.6-6                Essential infrastructure node for Tor network
ubuntu-calculator-app  2.1+snap3                Ubuntu Calculator application for the Unity 7 desktop
ubuntu-clock-app       3.6+snap3                Ubuntu Clock application for the Unity 7 desktop
ubuntu-core            16.04+20160419.20-55     The ubuntu-core OS snap
xkcd-webserver         16.04-5                  Show random XKCD compic via a build-in webserver

To install a snap package execute :

sudo snap install <package-name>

After having installed packages, snap list will show you the installed packages.

For more information about all available snap commands execute : snap --help.

Example :

sudo snap install nmap

Result :

snap list
Name         Version               Developer
nmap         7.12SVN-0.4           joetalbott
ubuntu-core  16.04+20160419.20-55  canonical


Tasksel just reads data from /usr/share/tasksel/*.desc and /usr/local/share/tasksel/*.desc.

If you look at those files, you'll see that they have a yaml-like file with lists of packages and sections/descriptions.

So just put a file in /usr/local/share/tasksel/yourtasks.desc .. or create a .deb that puts a file in /usr/share/tasksel/yourtasks.desc. If you think it might be useful to the greater community, I'd suggest submitting it as a feature request here:

http://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/tasksel/+filebug


How to add Printer service on Nmap localhost list?

Port 515/tcp is the line printer spooler port. You could run a print spooler to listen to port 515, but....

The modern, Ubuntu way is to use CUPS (Common Unix Printing System), which listens to the Internet Printing Protocol on port 631/tcp. Read man cups. Administer CUPS with a browser pointer to http://localhost:631

And, an easier way to see what's listening (or not) to a port is with lsof (and you get more information):

$ sudo lsof -i tcp:515 -i tcp:631
[sudo] password for w3:
COMMAND   PID USER   FD   TYPE  DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
cupsd   17693 root   10u  IPv4 4833522      0t0  TCP *:ipp (LISTEN)
cupsd   17693 root   11u  IPv6 4833523      0t0  TCP *:ipp (LISTEN)


Wireless adapter not working after updates TP LINK Archer T4U

Thanks to Pilot6, he gave a good advice.

So, I fixed it.

Disabled the secure boot. Then run the command

sudo dkms remove -m rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0 --all

And then

sudo dkms install -m rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux -v 1.0

After reboot, my wi-fi works again. And now I know how to deal with it after future kernel updates.
Thanks


Is it possible to update lubuntu 16.10 to 17.10

The underlying issue you have is that do-release-upgrade only upgrades to the next release in the same series -- so 16.10 could upgrade to 17.04, while 14.04 could upgrade to 16.04 (LTS series).

The simplest way to fix this is to do a clean install of 17.10, and then upgrade that when the next upgrade becomes available, rather than waiting until the one after as you've done here.


How do I fix the Plymouth bootscreen when using proprietary graphics drivers?

Para los ususarios de Ubuntu 12.04 si instalaron sus drivers privativos Nvidia y al iniciar Ubuntu no les aparaece el logo en el arranque (la animacionde inicio de arranque con el logo de Ubuntu), entonces puede visitar esta página a ver si les funciona:

http://www.itimetux.com/2012/04/como-cambiar-el-boot-morado-de-ubuntu.html

Yo estoy tratando de restaurar como estaba al principio, luego comentaré a ver si me solucionó el problema con el Plymouth-Manager (antes llamado boot-manager).


Ok, I got it. All of the above did not work but I noticed that /media/username  was also out of bounds, which was really weird as as was logged in as username. I guess it all has to do with changing the UID a while back. Anyhow, deleting /media/username let it be recreated automatically upon the next plug-in with the right permissions.


This is a highly subjective question because as a general rule cheaper hardware = worse quality sound/graphics. The reason why this problem is worse on Linux is because the hardware vendor has written special drivers to get around hardware limitations and all Linux developers can do is guess at what they've done to fix problems.

You can't just compare Windows and Linux and say that one is better than the other. All that said, sound in Linux is an enigma. It always has been since the 90s. Multiple drivers and daemons for managing the sound has made for a giant mess.

One program you can run to give you a quick idea of what might be causing the distortion is the program alsamixer from the command line. It will show bar graphs of each channel's sound level. You can scroll right or left using the arrow keys and adjust sound levels up or down using up/down arrow.  If any of the channels are set to the max (in the red), then that may be where your distortion problem lies. Sometimes these sound channel levels don't show up in the GUI and you have to use a program like this to adjust the levels.  Like I said, sound is a mess because of multiple sound daemons (alsa vs. pulse vs. whatever other sound system is in fashion this year).

Most of these problems can be fixed and you're more likely to get a more helpful answer if you give more specific details about your problem instead of asking general questions about quality.


Deleted Network manger trying to install from usb hasn't worked for 2 days

Go to this web page. You can directly download the .deb file for your architecture by clicking the appropriate mustard colored button.


No Operating System after removing Windows

Deleting Windows caused your Master Boot Record / GPT to behave aberrantly. You need to fix it so that it can locate the appropriate OS while booting.

Burn Ubuntu Live USB / DVD (You can do it via Unetbootin).
Boot the machine in Live Ubuntu environment.
Open up terminal and type

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair; \

sudo apt-get update; \

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair
Once the boot-repair window pops up , click on recommended repair.
Reboot.
This might do the trick


Cannot open .jpg or .png files all of a sudden when using Chrome

Actually, if the file starts with "0x52 0x49", then it's a .webp image. Just replace the file name extension from 'jpg' or 'jpeg' with 'webp'. If you'd like to convert it to a 'jpg' or 'png' then open it with something like Gimp and re-save the image in the desired format.

P.S. Yes I know this question is old but it's the first in the list of answers so it should have the correct information.

Regards, Professor Techie


Option 1
You need to manually go through and undo the changes:

sudo apt-get remove v86d

Edit /etc/default/grub and reset to these two lines:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="splash quiet"
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

Edit /etc/initramfs-tools/modules and remove the line with uvesafb (mine has no entries beyond the initial comments).

Delete /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/splash

Run sudo update-grub2, sudo update-initramfs -u, and reboot.

Option 2

I've just found a script here that will automatically perform the above steps: plymouth-resolution-fix-revert-back.sh.zip


login with AD user when "winbind use default domain" not set

Figured out the problem

I was removing the winbind use default domain setting in smb.conf and then running sudo smbcontrol all reload-config. I figured this would be enough to set everything straight, but it wasn't.

For whatever reason winbind wasn't updating. I need to stop the service, clear the cache, and restart.

service winbind stop
net cache flush
service winbind start

Strange enough, once I did this the problem hasn't resurfaced. Now I can change the winbind use default domain setting and/or the winbind separator, run sudo smbcontrol all reload-config, and the login credentials change and work.


Make sure you chose the 64 bit version if your computer is 64 and 32 if your computer is 32. This happened to me before the only thing that worked with me was installing ubuntu 12.10 from a usb.


Open Chrome window browser on different screens

This does not answer the question, but it can help.
I've heard KDE has better support for multiscreen things. Try Kubuntu, and say something for us.


Installation Problems: Dropbox -> Libatomic ->?

First thing to check is if you've updated your software lists on available software? (ie. sudo apt update) as your error message gives out-of-date packages (thus error is valid; ie. https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?suite=all&searchon=names&keywords=gcc-8-base)

OP responded with errors during apt update

The error message highlights an invalid time, ie.

  is not valid yet (invalid for another 6h 42min 11s)

Your system has an incorrect time set; it's currently ~6.5 hours wrong - thus it's rejecting those packages as something is wrong... Check your time (& timezone)

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuTime
or
How can I change the date and time on Ubuntu?


grep " install " /var/log/dpkg.log  will output a list of recently installed packages by time of installation.

After finding the name of the package, proceed with  sudo apt-get remove as you described.


How to eject a CD/DVD from the command line

In order to eject a disk from the drive, whether it's a CD or a DVD, open a terminal and simply execute the eject command.


dd utility wrote the image file on the wrong device

Backup

I would encourage you to backup your data regularly, and a USB hard disk drive is a good alternative to store the backup data. So use the drive, that was overwritten by dd or another drive for backup.

You can check the S.M.A.R.T. status of a hard disk drive (HDD) or solid state drive (SSD) with Disks alias gnome-disks according to this link,

S.M.A.R.T. information of HDD and SSD

Responding to your original question and to your comments

I'm glad that there was no data loss - no need to recover any data :-)
But I think that the drive, that was overwritten by dd is still good. You can use gparted to create a new partition table and file system.

I would use the ext4 file system for a backup drive, because it is well known, debugged and polished, and it works well with most versions of most linux distros (of course including Ubuntu).
No file system (partition) on the target device (the USB flash drive) should be mounted, when you clone to it, because something might be written automatically by some other process, and that would corrupt the USB boot system, that you want to create. (But it would still clone to the same target device.)
It is possible that the flash drive was not connected. It is also possible that it was connected. The block devices /dev/sda /dev/sdb /dev/sdc ... are assigned automatically to the drives and the order may change. You can never be sure which drive (physical device), that is identified as a certain block device, for example /dev/sdb. For that reason you must use a tool to identify the devices in the actual case, when you intend to write to it.

This can be done with the following commands

sudo parted -ls

sudo lsblk -f
sudo lsblk -m

This is done automatically in several tools to create USB boot drives, for example mkusb, and you can double-check to be sure to write to the correct device.
Generally it is a good idea to disconnect USB drives for backup, when you intend to create a USB boot drive, and particularly if you use the dangerous dd.


Ubuntu runs slow on netbook, how to remove and install xubuntu?

You don't need to do a complete removal to install Xubuntu desktop environment, if you want to refuse from Unity at all just do the following:

sudo apt-get remove --purge ubuntu-desktop

sudo apt-get remove --purge unity

To do more thorough purge:

sudo apt-get remove --purge unity*

The last one might remove Nautilus too, xfce uses Thunar by default but if you're planning on using it again after you install xubuntu-desktop just run:

sudo apt-get install nautilus

To set it as default you can run:

exo-preferred-applications

And choose Nautilus as prefered one. Next install xfce:

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop xfce4

After all of this you'll see improvements in speed but you might need also to configure it a bit as it's a different desktop environment and some applications like Ubuntu Tweak tool will not function that much as in Unity.

At the end you can run:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove

Just to do a cleanup if any.


updating package catch failed error while using intel graphics installer

In Software & Updates, you must have selected "cdrom:[Lubuntu 13.10"...] while the installer cd is not inserted. I would just uncheck the option.


Whenever I open my home (~) folder with nautilus, there is an endless loading

In this case in the logs, no news is good news. If there were errors that could mean the disk or filesystem was going bad.

I saw a bug report about a "cleaner" program that would write thousands of files, that caused Nautilus to never "load" the folder either, but if there's not many files (looking in terminal) that's not it...

Maybe a weird corrupted file in the folder, Nautilus keeps trying to read to get a thumbnail or something? Try moving some files to another directory, check if Nautilus works in both, move some more... find the bad one? Or see if the folder works with no files in it?


an 84MB Volume /dev/loop0 popped up and I don't know what it is or why it popped up

Check to see if you have any iso's or other special files "mounted" (look at your file browser on the left). They will usually create loop devices as special mounts.

No, you don't need to worry about it. They can be created by various programs, but 84MB is not large at all.

If you want more info, read this answer: What is /dev/loopx?

If you want to try to remove it for whatever reason, try umount /dev/loop0. You might need a sudo before umount depending on the device.


Unable to install QUCS (Quite Universal Circuit Software) on ubuntu 15.10?

Qucs does not support Ubuntu 15.10.

On top of that if you'd like to install it on earlier version you should replace:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:qucs

With:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:qucs/qucs


SD Card is not listed in fdisk but opens in files

First run the proper fsck

sudo umount /dev/mmcblk0p1
sudo fsck.fat -V /dev/mmcblk0p1
sudo fsck.fat -a /dev/mmcblk0p1

if this does not work, try fsck.vfat insteed of fsck.fat

At last
You do not need Etcher to 'burn' a new drive image on the sd card. You may launch a command like this:

sudo dd if=/path/to/image.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1M conv=notrunc


How can I convert .mp4 files to .3gp using ffmpeg?

Use the following command:

ffmpeg  -y -i movie.mp4 \
        -r 20 -s 352x288 -vb 400k \
        -acodec aac -strict experimental -ac 1 -ar 8000 -ab 24k \
        movie.3gp


Expanding arg{1,2,3} to arg1 arg2 arg3 is called Brace Expansion, splitting that into three words is called Word Splitting and inserting a command’s output Command Substitution. man bash says:

  The  order  of  expansions  is:  brace  expansion; tilde expansion,
  parameter and variable
         expansion, arithmetic  expansion,  and  command  substitution  (done  in  a  left-to-right
         fashion); word splitting; and pathname expansion.

In a command line like

printf %s\\n {1..3}

Brace Expansion happens first and makes it

printf %s\\n 1 2 3

where 1, 2 and 3 are separate words thanks to Word Splitting. There’s nothing you can do to change this order – as you experienced, quoting it does not only prevent Word Splitting, but Brace Expansion as well. You can however use Command Substitution to get a Brace Expansion even inside double quotes:

  If  the [command] substitution  appears within double quotes, word splitting
  and pathname expansion are not performed on the results.

In

printf %s\\n "$(echo {1..3})"

the inner of the quotes is expanded first

printf %s\\n "$(echo 1 2 3)"
printf %s\\n "1 2 3"

and as the result is quoted it is not subject to Word Splitting:

$ printf %s\\n {1..3} "{1..3}" "$(echo {1..3})" # prints one argument per line
1
2
3
{1..3}
1 2 3

This is indeed not only the simplest way to do this, but also a pure bash solution, as echo is a bash builtin.


How can I download archive of ubuntu community documentation so that i can use it offline?

One simple way of doing this is when you are on your chosen a page in the community documentation website just select Print, then Print to File and save it as a PDF in your home folder


After installing NVIDIA drivers, I boot into a black screen [13.10]

First of all remove all remaining nvidia bits and pieces:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

Then install the correct drivers:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

Don't forget to reboot :)

sudo reboot


How to login into a network switch using ethernet cable

Looking at some of the specifications of the Summit X440 series switches I can see both console and net management ports:

Summit X440-8t

8 x 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ45) ports
4 x 100/1000BASE-X (SFP) unpopulated ports
2 x SummitStack
1 x Serial (console port)
1 x 10/100BASE-T out-of-band management port

The last port listed is the net management port, but even in the manual I cannot see a default IP address listed.  So, from my experience, to configure this switch to allow connection to the net management port for straight Ethernet you would need to connect a console connection (Serial to Ethernet) cable.

Hope this helps!


Live USB image can't boot after running out of memory on persistence file

To mount casper-rw file, (booting from a second drive).

Create directory:

sudo mkdir /media/casper

Then mount drive:

sudo mount -o loop casper-rw /media/casper/

After a few files are removed Persistent drive should boot.

If you need more persistence space, you can create a home-rw persistence file up to 4GB, (by copying and renaming a casper-rw file). It can contain all your home folder data, or you can make the boot drive using mkusb which uses an unlimited casper-rw partition.

If you will be needing to update or upgrade your boot drive it is probably best to do a Full install to the drive.


Shutting down the system using a virtual console

Pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1 brought you from X11 (the GUI) to a virtual console. You can certainly reboot from here.

The easiest way to reboot from a virtual console is to just press Ctrl+Alt+Delete. You don't even need to log in first, though it would not be a problem if you did. Unlike on the old DOS systems, pressing Ctrl+Alt+Delete in a GNU/Linux system like Ubuntu actually performs a proper shutdown and clean reboot.

This doesn't work in the GUI (unless you've set it up to, or you're running a really old distro). But it does work in any virtual console that doesn't have X11 running in it (unless you've set it up not to, which is rare).
Another way is to log in and run sudo reboot. You'll be asked for your password to log in on the virtual console, and you'll be asked for it again for sudo. It's the same password both times, and you won't see any placeholder characters (like *) appear as you're typing it. Type it in and press Enter.

However, instead of rebooting, you might consider:

Restarting just the GUI. Your desktop environment and all running programs will swiftly quit (so you must usually be as careful with this as with a reboot), the GUI will be restarted, and the graphical login screen will come back up, when you run:

sudo service lightdm restart

This works by stopping and starting the display manager. That particular command actually only works if your display manager is LightDM, which it is by default on most Ubuntu systems. The main exception is if you are running Ubuntu GNOME, which uses GDM:

sudo service gdm restart

Attempting to close just the offending program. Though no program should cause the whole GUI to freeze, it can occasionally happen. You can log in (see above) and run top see the currently running processes, sorted by CPU usage. (Press Q to quit top itself.) A program that's causing the GUI to freeze is not necessarily using lots of CPU, but this is a place to start.

You can also use the ps command to find the process ID or name of a program you know you want to try to quit, and the kill or killall command to quit it by number or name, respectively. As suggested by its name, killall attempts to kill all processes that have the name you give it. (The name of a process is not necessarily the same as the name shown to you in its launcher icon or title bar.)

Be careful when rebooting, no matter how you do it:

If you have programs with unsaved documents, your documents will be lost. If you need to attempt to save data first, then don't rush to reboot.
And this applies to restarting the display manager, too, except for documents open in other virtual consoles (but including those open in terminals accessed through terminal windows on your graphical desktop).

See also What should I do when Ubuntu freezes?


There are many options when it comes to advertising your software to get it known to the community. To name a few:

Find forums which are in the niche your software fills and addresses and post there about it.
Get it known via Twitter or Facebook if you have actually an audience which is likely to re-tweet or promote your post.
Send the major blogs of the Ubuntu world a hint about your software, if they like it and find it useful they most likely write an article about it.
If it is a game you made you might want to consider places like itch.io to put your game up.

The Linux community is big, so don't be surprised if someone already made a similar tool/program/game already but this above should give you a good start on where and how to get your program known.


Check that your swap partition is at least as big as your RAM. If it isn't your system might try to dump your memory state into a too small volume when suspending. This will lead to a crash. Defining a too small swap-space might have happened when you configured your dual-boot system.


Does 50-mouse-acceleration.conf have the ability to change mousepad settings on hardware level?

Changing a configuration file such as that will not tweak the mouse on a hardware level. Being an X Configuration File, it will be read every time the X server starts up, setting the mouse acceleration settings. If you turned it off in your Ubuntu system, and your Windows system is behaving the same, then one can likely safely conclude that Windows by default isn't using mouse acceleration, or happens to have it set very closely to how it was set on your Ubuntu system.


Allow libertine apps full access to sd card on Ubuntu Touch

You can bind your SD card into your libertine-container by creating a directory (e.g. called 'mount') into the ~/.local/share/libertine-container/user-data/CONTAINERID/ and execute the command: sudo mount -B /media/phablet/YOURSDCARD/ ~/.local/share/libertine-container/user-data/CONTAINERID/mount/ and you have access to your SD card in libertine from the container's home directory. Of course you can bind your SD card anywhere else in you libertine-container :)


google-chrome install/upgrading failed in ubuntu 13.04

Open Terminal, copy and paste command, press enter, and if prompted enter your password.

sudo apt-get install -f

As for Google Chrome not installing, this is a problem that Google are aware of.

http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.co.uk/2013/10/stable-channel-update_15.html


Created a new user in Ubuntu server but it wont show in the terminal

I checked the /etc/passwd file and found out that my ftpuser uses a different shell than my other one.

gery:x:1000:1000:Tolnai Gergely:/home/gery:/bin/bash
ftpuser:x:1001:1001::/var/www/html:/bin/sh

Apparently there are two commands to create a new user. I used useradd ftpuser which is the wrong one. It uses the /bin/sh shell which gives me this symbol $. I deleted the user with userdel ftpuser and recreated with the right command adduser ftpuser wich uses the /bin/bash shell. Now im geting the ftpuser@server:~$ format in the terminal.


problem to search a word in pdf file with “Document Viewer”?

This wont solve your problem but will act as better alternative

Document viewer is not a good PDF reader. I recommend installing the best PDF reader available for linux, Foxit Reader.

It's compatible with Farsi.

Download Foxit PDF Reader for linux


nVidia (GeForce 2) graphics card 3d support

I think your best bet is to go with Noveau

http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/ubuntu-63/nvidia-and-nouveau-drivers-under-ubuntu-12-04-not-working-947305/

See the answer by cascade9

Here is a matrix of what features are implemented.
http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/FeatureMatrix


How do I install the *latest* version of Emacs?

To install WSL 2, you will need the following requirements:

Windows 10 Insider Preview Build 18917 or higher.
WSL 2 will be generally available in Windows 10, version 2004 and later.

The latest stable version of Emacs 26.3 is a native Ubuntu package and can be installed in WSL 2 in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu with the following command:

sudo snap install emacs --classic

The beta version (27 at the time of the answer) can be installed with:

sudo snap install emacs --channel=beta --classic

The latest development version of Emacs 28.0 can be installed with the following command:

sudo snap install emacs --channel=edge --classic


Yes, there is an mc package for 20.04 in the Ubuntu repositories, just like for previous versions. Simply install it using:
sudo apt install mc

If the command does not work for you, check you have enabled the Universe repository.
When you are looking for Ubuntu software, you should check https://packages.ubuntu.com/ as the first option.


Try this from a Terminal:

sudo do-release-upgrade


Java 9 is not ready to be used yet, especially for developing.  Purge both oracle-java9-installer and oracle-java9-set-default and install the corresponding Java 8 packages.

The installation instructions for Linux given on this page: https://developer.android.com/studio/install.html are very clear.  You do not need to use make.  Just unzip the file in a folder, and run studio.sh to complete the installation.

Make sure you install the packages needed for the 64-bit architecture.  You won't find lib32bz2-1.0 in the 16.04 repos though.  The 16.04 package you need is called libbz2-1.0:i386 and you need to install that one.


How can i Optimize font for my UHD Screen in Unity

There are four things you can do:

Unity Tweak Tool
Settings -> Screen Display
Adjust font size application by application
Adjust DPI using xrandr

Unity Tweak Tool

Install Unity Tweak Tool using:

sudo apt install unity-tweak-tool

Then open Dash using Alt+F2 and type "Unity". The Unity Tweak Tool icon will appear and click on it.

From the Tweak Tool window select Fonts. This screen will appear:

Adjust the scaling factor to fit your preferences.

Settings -> Screen Display

Click on the Launchers gear icon for System Settings. From the panel select Screen Display. Adjust the screen scaling for Menus and Title Bars as shown below to a factor that suits your preferences:

Adjust font size application by application

In most applications you can change the font size. For example, with scaling up some fonts may appear to large. In Chrome, Nautilus and Terminal you can set the default font to a smaller size.

Adjust DPI using xrandr

Some applications, for example Kid3 ignore High DPI scaling in Ubuntu and insist on using a tiny font. For applications such as these an xrandr command can be issued at the terminal before invoking the application:

xrandr --dpi 144

Change 144 to any number which is a multiple of 16 for best results, ie: 96, 128, 144, etc.


Which dot matrix printer is recommend for ubuntu (10.04 or +)?

Ubuntu Wiki lists Epson Printers that have been tested on the currently supported version of Ubuntu.

As you are not fixed on one model you can browse through these by clicking on this link

Make sure your printer is compatible

More help is available here at the Linux Foundation where you can enter the name and model of the Printer and it will tell you if its compatible

I did a little bit of research and fear your options maybe be limited, you may also find this link useful


How to keep locally changed configuration files in sync with updated vanilla package versions after "apt-get upgrade"?

I have not experienced or been made aware of the type of functionality you are looking for.  It would be a convenient thing to have though.  You might suggest it as a feature request.  For now, what I do is back up my important config files prior to upgrading.  If there are new features or things in the new version that are not in the old config file I let the upgrade overwrite with provider's version and then manually put the important stuff back in.  Painful but I am not aware of another way.  ;)


'No boot disk has been detected or the disk has failed' after using Boot-Repair (Windows 8/Ubuntu dual-boot)

After reading several other threads and tinkering around – I installed efibootmgr at some point too -, I sorted the problem out by running Boot-Repair a second time (with Secure Boot off though), leaving all default settings, as per first time. The URL generated at the end of the process was http://paste.ubuntu.com/5982069/

Interestingly, I read somewhere that Ubuntu 13.04 is Secure Boot compatible; however, when I turned this feature back on and restarted the machine, I incurred in a ‘validation error’, and the system booted straight to Windows 8. I’ve therefore decided to leave it off for good!

Braiam and Oldfred, thank you both for your input and suggestions, much appreciated.


High ACPI interrupts counts in brand-new laptop

It turns out that the issue is resolved in linux core upstream - due to my other issues I've been trying the latest mainline kernels and that's when I no longer have the high interrupt counts.

Right now I'm running the v3.17-rc6-utopic kernel( http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.17-rc6-utopic/ ) - what I tried running before was the 3.16.3 build, but that was like 6 releases older than the 3.17 RC 6 version - it seems the issue got fixed somewhere inbetween.

In order to test a mainline kernel, you can follow the directions from this wiki page - https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/MainlineBuilds


How can I stream my audio output with VLC to my Android device?

Like several other questions, you're essentially asking "How do I stream audio from my computer to my Android phone?"

The answer I would suggest is the one I've given in several other places: use IceCast. That solution takes all audio and pumps it out over the network. Then you can use any-old-Internet-radio client to pick it up.


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS won't accept wifi password

First thing, make sure you don't have capslock on. After that, try again. If that doesn't work, try to do it with the wifi-menu utility. I think it's automatically installed on Ubuntu, but I'm not sure. Type in wifimenu "your wifi-interface-name. And try that. If that doesn't work, I don't know what will.


Easily Solved

From synaptic
- Filter by broken packages
- Select the broken ones
- downgrade to a stable version

Solved in this way


The PC boot loader lists the partitions that are marked as bootable. In Linux, these are partitions where /boot folder is. Systems always starts from a designated partition on a designated drive. The grub settings there dominate. Generally, the second OS that is installed will always rewrite grub settings. That second installer must be aware of the other OS's boot partition so as to launch it.  For me, it always works best to have that second install take notice of the OS and add it to the list. Do that in installation, not later, if possible. It is much more likely to turn out right.

If you install Windows first, then Linux, then the Linux bootloader inserts itself into the startup process first. Installer will generally ask you if you want to take notice of other OS and launch them.  Most people understand that. Vice versa, install Windows second, it ignores Linux, replaces the OS boot loader, and you have only Windows. Your case is different b/c your 2 OS are more tolerant, the second one will usually be more aware/generous of other OS.

Which drive? Which partition? The BIOS and drive layout are in charge.

When you look at the drive list in fdisk, you see a star by the bootable partition, one per drive in your case. Well, maybe some drives have none. The BIOS drive ordering determines which drive is found first and labels it sda. That first-found drive has a list of bootable OS partitions. That boot list gets rewritten by every install (each time you run grub install, either in the install or later).  You must add each desired OS to the settings inside the second OS so this will work.

At install time in second OS, you have choice on where grub is installed; either in master boot record or a partition.  Seems like we always use the mbr now, IDKW.

IMHO this was easier 10 years ago because the booter was not supposed to do as much automatically. Configuration of grub was just a single file list of OS stanzas. You'd edit that, then restart. Every boot would list all the OS. It is still that way in RedHat EL. Seems harder now in Ubuntu to get your brain around it.


Remap keys with modifiers on Ubuntu 18 Wayland

Just for the record, in case someone needs a quick recipe for swapping keys on Wayland (done on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS).

I've got a dumb layout on my notebook keyboard, and needed to swap the "right shift" and the "?" keys. So, following the advice from https://askubuntu.com/a/1023182/976363 I simply edited /usr/share/X11/xkb/keycodes/evdev as root, swapping the keycodes for both keys.

    <RTSH> = 62;
    ...
    <AB11> = 97;

became

    <RTSH> = 97;
    ...
    <AB11> = 62;

The actual key labels depend on your keyboard layout, which should be looked up in /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/.


Are you using Google Chrome or Chromium?

Chrome and Chromium are using file names like this as the names of their UNIX-Domain socket files for inter-process communication.

If by accident you are using Chrome version 14.04.794 then you know where this part of the file name comes from.


How to truncate a file that is being written to

While a full size solution may involve logrotate, it might work with a simpler solution according to the following demo example.

I started a process, #1, that writes the current date and time to the file output.

while true;do LC_TIME=en_US date>>output;sleep 10;done &

Then I started a process, #2, that copies output, and uses tail to truncate the redirected copy back to output. This keeps writing from process #1 alive. It might work in your case too.

while true;do cat output > ttt;tail ttt > output;cat output;echo '----------------------------';sleep 60;done &

Example of output from process #2,

Sun Nov 25 14:31:40 CET 2018
----------------------------
Sun Nov 25 14:31:10 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:31:20 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:31:30 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:31:40 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:31:50 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:00 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:10 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:20 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:30 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:40 CET 2018
----------------------------
Sun Nov 25 14:32:10 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:20 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:30 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:40 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:32:50 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:33:00 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:33:10 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:33:20 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:33:30 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 14:33:40 CET 2018
----------------------------

I also tested how to make a demo example that does not hangup, if the window/connection is closed,

nohup bash -c 'while true;do LC_TIME=en_US date>>output;sleep 10;done' &

and

nohup bash -c 'while true;do cat output > ttt;tail ttt > output;sleep 60;done' &

which can be monitored with LANG=C tail -f ./output from another window/connection,

Sun Nov 25 15:01:05 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:15 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:25 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:35 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:45 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:55 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:02:05 CET 2018
tail: ./output: file truncated
Sun Nov 25 15:00:35 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:00:45 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:00:55 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:05 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:15 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:25 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:35 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:45 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:01:55 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:02:05 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:02:15 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:02:25 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:02:35 CET 2018
Sun Nov 25 15:02:45 CET 2018


Installing ubuntu 19.10 alongside zorin os 15 with no free space partition

Since I didn't got an answer here, I think i need to post my answer.

I go on and did take a chance and installed ubuntu along side zorin. It will partition your hard disk evenly and there won't be any conflicts at all.

It is also possible to replace one partition in the future and install another os.


Make sure that a RAID is not already running by issuing the following command:

cat /proc/mdstat

if you see something like this:

Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0]
104320 blocks [2/2] [UU]

md1 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0]
19542976 blocks [2/2] [UU]

md2 : active raid1 sdb4[1] sda4[0]
223504192 blocks [2/2] [UU]

issue the following command to stop the RAID:

sudo mdadm --stop /dev/md0

you might have to remove the existing array:

sudo mdadm --remove /dev/md0

then try building the array again:

sudo mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=6 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde

Hope this helps.


Droid VNC Server

Allows you to remote control your android within your computer.

Note: Your phone must be ROOTED!

Note: Will not work on Tegra3 Devices

On your android Phone:

Install Droid VNC Server from playstore.
Open the app and click on START.
It shows the IP-address and port number. Please note it down.

On your Ubuntu PC:

Install xtightvncviewer by running the below command:

sudo apt-get install xtightvncviewer

After installing xtightvncviewer run the below command to view your phone's screen:

vncviewer xxx.xx.xx.xx:xxxx

xxx.xx.xx.xx:xxxx - already noted ipaddress:port

WebKey

Using this application you can control your phone from any browser.

Note: Your phone must be ROOTED!

On your android Phone:

Install WebKey app from Play store.
Open the WebKey app and select start service.
Note down the https link generated.

On that same application, go to settings->User settings->Click on Create new user to create a new  user with login credentials.

On your Ubuntu PC:

Open any browser. I prefer Firefox. Then paste the noted link on the address bar. It display like connection is not secure. Trust the connection and allow it to load.
After that a page will open and ask you to give the username and password. Login with the same username and password.

After loged into your account, you can view your phone and operate your android phone from there.

Team Viewer

Note: Will not work on all Galaxy devices

Install teamviewer on both Ubuntu PC and android  phone to control your phone from PC.
How to install Teamviewer on an 64 bit Ubuntu PC.


The file should go to your Download directory. Try ls -a ~/Downloads and see if your file is there.

If its not there for some reason you can use the find command to locate it.
find $HOME -iname crunch-3.4tgz

You can also search in the graphical interface, Nautilus.


My battery won't charge when plugged in (Ubuntu 18.04)

You can just restart a few times a day or do a reinstall of Ubuntu. One day I had a problem similar like this, A reinstall solved it.


As far as I know, Remmina doesn't allow for RemoteApp client access. You can however do it with xfreerdp. Just use something like this on the command line:

xfreerdp -u   --app --plugin ./usr/local/lib/freerdp/rail.so --data "%windir%\system32\cmd.exe" -- <ip of your windows machine>

or

/usr/bin/xfreerdp -u  --app --plugin rail.so --data "||" --plugin rdpdr --data printer -- <ip of your windows machine>

Unfortunately, sharing data between local and remote systems through clipboard is not working so it's no use to include the --plugin cliprdr option. I'm waiting for this issued to be addressed so that I can replace Windows for Ubuntu on 5 more users/machines!


Why do I keep on losing permissions on my secondary hard drive?

the most recent kernel -59 breaks several apps including steam and wine. or rather there are some incompatabilites. there's a thread on github confirming it. I reverted to -58 and my steam games are all back and play just fine. however youtube videos are all black now.

here is the launchpad


Is there any virtualization software which can run x64 bit guest os without vt-x support Hardware?

I did not test this, but qemu-system-x86_64, plain qemu without kvm does not use the processor's vt support. If it works, the performance might be a bit sluggish. Just boot some 64bit linux installation disk:

qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom 64bitlinux.iso -boot d


How to turn off wireless network permanently in ubuntu 12.10

Some firmwares (EFI/BIOS) provide an option to lock down several components individually, among them WiFi.


Here's what I ended up doing (with the help of Xen2050):

Cloned (using Clonezilla- http://clonezilla.org/downloads.php) the messed up 16.10 onto an external hard drive (just in case).
Installed 16.04 again, alongside the messed up 16.10.
The "home" files (they were not named as such, I just had to go in and look at a couple to determine that these were what I was looking for) from the original 16.04 were listed as an external media device (it was listed as "255 GB Volume"). I mounted this drive.
I then dragged and dropped the files into the corresponding folders on the fresh 16.04 install.
I deleted some of the included software that I didn't want (rhythm box, libre office, etc.) and added ones that I had previously, before everything went to crap (inkscape, chrome, etc.).

Precautionary measures that I took for the future:

Set up the system backup to save to my Dropbox account.
Cloned the "255 GB Volume" drive to an external hard drive (just in case).
Deleted the "255 GB Volume" drive from my computer.
Cloned the fresh, working 16.04 install (with all my files) to an external hard drive.
Deleted the messed up 16.10 demon from my computer.

Lessons Learned:

Don't install xx.10 upgrades.
Install xx.04 upgrades alongside the working system.
Test out new upgrades before committing.
Have online backup of system.
Have external hard drive backup of system.
Keep a clean, live iso of current version.

Final Thoughts:
"Not today, Satan! Not today!"


What is the difference between reboot and shutdown -r?

Nothing, both of them do the same task.

From the respective man pages:

man reboot:

reboot, halt, poweroff

These programs allow a system administrator to reboot, halt or poweroff the system.

man shutdown -r:

Requests that the system be rebooted after it has  been brought down.

Without the -f option for reboot, it will gracefully terminate all processes, sending signal 15. However, using reboot -f will invoke the  reboot(2) system call itself (with REBOOTCOMMAND argument passed) and directly reboots the  system.

From a similar question on Unix and linux:

Internally, reboot uses shutdown -r.


Sounds as if you are having a problem with your graphics card. If that is the case, re-installing wubi is not going to help.

I suggest you burn a CD or make a bootable USB and try ubuntu "Live".

See:

CD - https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BurningIsoHowto

USB - http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/

It would help if you can tell us what graphics card you have.


This should provide mapping between those two USB output examples:
# for usbdrv in $(df -ah | awk '$6 ~ /^\/media\// {print $1";"$2";"$6}'); do echo "${usbdrv}"; Dev=$(echo "${usbdrv}" | awk -F";" '{print $1}' | sed 's#/dev/##');  usbID=$(basename $(ls -al /dev/disk/by-id/usb* 2>&1 | grep ${Dev} | awk '{print $9}') 2>/dev/null); echo "${usbID};${usbdrv}"|sed 's/;/ /g'; done | column -t


AltSpace is the standard keyboard shortcut to activate a window since IBM OS/2

SuperSpace is the standard keyboard shortcut to change keyboard input methods in Ubuntu

To switch both around do a:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings activate-window-menu "['<Super>space']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-input-source "['<Alt>space']"

I hope you're the only one using this machine, as it's a dirty trick to play on your old colleagues who still remember being excited about OS/2 coming to the market...  ;)


Where to find 'index.theme' specification for GTK+ theme

There is nowhere to be found.

The 'index.theme' specification for GTK+ theme doesn't seem to be documented anymore since GNOME 2 had deprecated. Both GTK+ and GNOME Developer websites are essentially having zero documentation about 'index.theme' for GTK+ theme.

Known documentation

The earliest known documentation, GNOME 2.4 Desktop System Administration Guide, was last updated in 2003. That is possibly the original 'index.theme' specification for GTK+ theme.

[Desktop Entry]
Type=X-GNOME-Metatheme
Name=High Contrast Large
Name[es]=Alto contraste grande
Comment=Large black-on-white text and icons
Comment[es]=Textos e iconos grandes en negro sobre blanco
Encoding=UTF-8

[X-GNOME-Metatheme]
GtkTheme=HighContrastLargePrint
IconTheme=HighContrast
MetacityTheme=Atlanta
ApplicationFont=sans 18

Following that, some changes have been introduced in GNOME mailing list dated July 2004 and October 2004 (only latter is quoted below). Unfortunately, there is no updated documentation by GTK+ or GNOME developers to illustrate those changes.

  gnome-theme-manager currently handles GTK, Metacity and Icon themes,
  but could be extended to handle splash screens and backgrounds
  (possible integration with current background chooser?).

A relatively new documentation, Gnome Theme Package format by Xfce, was last updated in 2010. This included more variables in the index.theme file that are not found in the original specification and reflects some of the changes mentioned in GNOME mailing list.

[Desktop Entry]
Name=example theme
Type=X-GNOME-Metatheme
Comment=
Encoding=UTF-8

[X-GNOME-Metatheme]
GtkTheme=Gilouche
MetacityTheme=Gilouche
IconTheme=gnome

BackgroundImage=.local/share/wallpapers/Naptime.jpg
MonospaceFont=
ApplicationFont=
DesktopFont=
SoundTheme=
GtkColorScheme=

Supporting fact has been found in Artwork/Documentation/GTK-Themes on Ubuntu Wiki, which mentioned one of the additional variables. This material however, was last updated in 2009.

  In your index.theme file put a line like "BackgroundImage=/absolute/path/to/image.png" under the X-GNOME-Metatheme header. For packaged themes wallpapers should be assumed to be placed in /usr/share/wallpapers.

To use or not

If you are less confident to use the provided example in outdated documentation, I'd suggest to copy index.theme file from existing THEME and modify accordingly. GTK+ themes will include the file at /usr/share/themes/THEME/index.theme in some Ubuntu and official flavours.

Another way to use index.theme file is, by not having to write one.

There is at least one example that demonstrates custom GTK+ theme could just reference to existing file by using symbolic link. This way, it is possible to create slightly modified version of existing theme in less time and without having to worry about the specification of index.theme file.

TL;DR The most recent documentation that you can find today, albeit without explanation, is Gnome Theme Package format by Xfce. Or just forget that and follow what other themes do.


Reinstalled 11.04 but now it looks like 10.10

You're likely in the "classic mode". You should be able to log out and select "Ubuntu" from the login screen to login into Unity.

If you don't get Unity then it probably needs to have the right drivers installed, you can make sure you have the right drivers by running "Additional Drivers" from the preferences menu.

After it goes through all that you should be able to log into Unity.


How to fix inconsistent number of rows in Unity-2D

This is a know issue that was fixed a few days ago, but it looks like we will have to wait until 12.04 to see if fixed by default.

Here is the bug report page:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity-2d/+bug/715587

On the upside, on that page this comment ( https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity-2d/+bug/715587/comments/9 ) gives a python script that will resolve the issue in your current session.  What I did was put that script in ~/bin, make it executable, and then add it to Startup Applications.  This will fix up your workspace issue on login, so if you changes your workspace layout you will need to run the script again (say by logging out then back in, or just run it in a terminal).


How to go back to previous version of Thunderbird on 18.04?

Step 1 - Find the version you want

apt policy or apt-cache policy  (or apt-cache madison)

e.g.

$ sudo apt policy thunderbird
thunderbird:
  Installed: 1:60.2.1+build1-0ubuntu0.18.04.2
  Candidate: 1:60.2.1+build1-0ubuntu0.18.04.2
  Version table:
 *** 1:60.2.1+build1-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 500
        500 http://au.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages
     1:52.7.0+build1-0ubuntu1 500
        500 http://au.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages

So now we know (at this time) we have two versions:

1:60.2.1+build1-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 and
1:52.7.0+build1-0ubuntu1

The three stars *** indicates that this is the version currently installed as per the "Installed:" line.

Step 2 - Install another version

This is easy, just use the syntax [packagename]=[version] with apt install.

e.g.

$ sudo apt install thunderbird=1:52.7.0+build1-0ubuntu1
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
  thunderbird-gnome-support ttf-lyx
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  thunderbird
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 1 to downgrade, 0 to remove and 12 not to upgrade.
Need to get 46.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 38.4 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

Note the warning that the package will be DOWNGRADED

Bonus step - lock in that version  (a.k.a. apt-mark hold)

If you want to stop apt upgrade from upgrading the package again, then you can tell apt to hold a package.

e.g.

$ sudo apt-mark hold thunderbird
thunderbird set on hold.

So now, when you apt upgrade you'll get a warning that packages have been kept back.  e.g.

$ sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
  thunderbird
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 1 not to upgrade.

When you are comfortable upgrading again, then you can release the hold:

$ sudo apt-mark unhold thunderbird
Cancelled hold on thunderbird.

e voila, the latest release is now the default again:

$ sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
  thunderbird
1 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.
Need to get 41.1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 38.4 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

You could also have gone with apt pinning and the /etc/apt/preferences file but holding is much easier for this task!


GNOME Epiphany (the Linux port of Safari) is currently the only web browser that supports the native emoji picker. You can install it via Snap or Flatpak.

Alternatively, there are extensions for Firefox, Chrome and Opera that add an emoji picker to the toolbar.


Which Ubuntu LTS version to use for MacBook Pro 9,1?

Hello and welcome to AskUbuntu! Good for you for being open to discovering the awesomeness of Linux!

Since you have a beefy computer, I'd recommend Kubuntu 16.04 64-bit. For convenience, here's a direct link.

FYI: The 64-bit version has "AMD" in the name simply because AMD created the modern x64 architecture as we know it. I think Intel still leases x64 from AMD...

You do not need a Mac-specific image, and you definitely want the x64 version.

Backup, backup, backup!

No matter how many people have successfully installed Ubuntu alongside OSX, there is still a very real possibility of losing everything on your hard disk, so please, do the prudent thing and make a full backup before proceeding!

Note: You need to install rEFInd to get a boot menu on startup.

Here's a guide on how to do that, taken from the How-To-Geek:

  rEFInd is a boot manager that will allow you to choose between Mac OS
  X, Linux, Windows, and other operating systems when you boot your
  computer. Installing rEFInd makes the dual-boot process easier. (Some
  older how-to’s will instruct you to use rEFIt, but it’s no longer
  maintained. rEFInd is a currently maintained boot manager based on
  rEFIt.)

  Full-disk encryption causes problems with rEFIt, so you’ll need to
  disable full-disk encryption or do some extra work before installing
  rEFInd.

  First, visit the rEFInd page on SourceForge and click the Download
  button to download the latest refind-bin-[version].zip file. Open a
  Terminal window by pressing Command+Space and, typing Terminal, and
  pressing Enter. Drag and drop the install.sh file from the downloaded
  zip file into the terminal window and press Enter to run it.

  Shut down your Mac — a full shut down, not a restart — and boot it
  back up again. You should see the rEFInd boot manager screen.

Now for the actual install:

While the ISO is downloading, use Disk Utility to partition your HDD. Make sure to leave the partition you create as "Free Space". (No filesystem)

After you download the ISO, burn it to a blank DVD.

If you'd like to burn it to a USB stick instead, see: https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx

Next, hold down the Option key while hitting the power button. Continue to hold it down until you get the boot device selection menu. Then you want to choose "EFI Boot". It will show a picture of a DVD if you burned it to a DVD, and it will show a picture of a drive if you burned it to a USB stick.

After the installer loads, select the "Install Ubuntu" option, and then select "Install Alongside Mac OSX". Hopefully, it will automatically install to the partition you left as "Free Space" earlier.

After it installs, shut down and remove the installation media. Then reboot, and cross your fingers. Hopefully you'll see this:

If after installing your Wi-Fi doesn't work:

Then you should post a new question on this site, including the version of Ubuntu you installed, whether you have a working Ethernet port, and the output of these two terminal commands:

lspci -nnk | grep 0280 -A2
rfkill list all

And I'm sure Pilot6 or Chili555 will be glad to assist you!


Your question is a possibly similar to boot - Is having the 'swap' partition at the 'beginning' better than at the 'end'? - Ask Ubuntu

The discussion simply states that putting the partition at the 'beginning' side of the hard drive makes it a little faster than putting the partition at the end because the closer the blocks to the center of the disk, the faster and lesser the read/write cycles would be.


You can pipe the output of tail -f to head to limit the amount of lines shown:

tail -f [PATH] | head -n 100

to only show 100 lines in total.


The package linux-hwe-tools-4.15.0-34 is a leftover from 16.04 and should be removed (sudo apt remove linux-hwe-tools-4.15.0-34).


I can't even select the options on RetroArch (Ubuntu 14.10)

I solved it by setting "Limit Maximum Run Speed" to ON (Settings -> General Options).


How to install snes9x from the GitHub repository?

Binaries

There are several methods to obtain snes9x in binary form:

Пet FlatPak version of Snes9x (the easiest way):

sudo apt-get install flatpak
flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
flatpak install flathub com.snes9x.Snes9x

Get snes9x from site listed on Downloads page by visiting link to snes9x_1.60-1_amd64.deb
Download snes9x latest binary from Cirrus-CI:

sudo apt install libportaudio2 libminizip1
cd ~/Downloads
wget https://api.cirrus-ci.com/v1/artifact/task/6382769047601152/build/snes9x-gtk-432fc08498b33190a41ae659c3c5fccbeb5b8b3e.txz
tar -xf snes9x-gtk-432fc08498b33190a41ae659c3c5fccbeb5b8b3e.txz
cd snes9x
./snes9x-gtk

Get RetroArch with snes9x plugin from official repository by

sudo add-apt-repository multiverse
sudo apt-get install retroarch libretro-snes9x

or from libretro PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libretro/testing
sudo apt-get install retroarch libretro-snes9x

Source

If you really know the reason to install from source you can follow below method (based on AUR PKGBUILD and snes9x Compiling wiki page):

sudo apt-get install build-essential git meson cmake \
libgtk2.0-dev libgtk-3-dev libsdl2-dev glslang-dev portaudio19-dev libminizip-dev

cd ~/Downloads/
git clone https://github.com/snes9xgit/snes9x.git
cd snes9x/
git submodule update --init shaders/SPIRV-Cross
cd gtk
meson build --prefix=/usr/local --buildtype=release --strip
cd build
ninja
sudo ninja install


I installed wine in order to use silverlight. uninstalling wine and silverlight 5.1

You can use Wine Uninstaller. Run, in a terminal:

wine uninstaller

Find your program and delete it. Remember that you can always kill Wine and its processes with the command wineserver -k instead of deleting them.


How do I make the Google Chrome flag "--allow-file-access-from-files" permanent?

Navigate to the desktop launcher / menu entry, open the launcher properties dialog for google chrome.

It should look like this:

/usr/bin/google-chrome %U

To make the flags that you want permanent, modify it to something like:

/usr/bin/google-chrome --allow-file-access-from-files

You may also need to delete and re-pin your icon launchers after modifying it. Chrome should launch with the specified flags enabled after the modification.

Alternatively, you can simply create a new launcher with the above and use it to start chrome.

To check if the flags that you modified are being loaded:

$ cat ~/.config/google-chrome/Local\ State

and scroll up to the block entitled

"session_restore"

Your flags should be listed in the block, before

--flag-switches-begin --flag-switches-end.

Opening chrome and navigating to the URL

chrome://version/

should also list enabled flags in the

Command Line

block

This is a list of the google-chrome / chromium flags:

http://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/


AMD A10-4600M has 2 cores instead 4 problem!

I had the same problem. I had only one core working (after new install turned always into emergency mode and repaired with fsck).
AMD® Athlon(tm) ii x4 620 processor

To get out the emergency mode (always) I tried many bios changes. I made in the bios (Asus sAM3 M4A785TD-V EVO ver:2015) changes about the power/ ACPI 2.0 & ACPI APIC. I made both disabled.
Solution was: made them enabled again. :)


you can use 'rsync' command which has an option to controlling the file size to be excluding.

rsync -rv --max-size=100m /path/in/local/ server:~/project/

from 'man rsync',

--max-size=SIZE    don't transfer any file larger than SIZE

Updated answer : simply exclude the log files with 'rsync' --exclude option as below

rsync -rv --exclude='*.log' --max-size=100m /path/in/local/ server:~/project/

or you can use the 'find' command combination with 'scp' and specify the file size limit with its -size option. use ! -name '*.log' to exclude the certain files end with 'log'.

find /path/in/local -type f ! -name '*.log' -size -100m -exec scp '{}' server:~/project/ \;


Install ubuntu on a PowerMac G5 with no CD drive

Powermac G5 does not boot from USB !!!
Either:
- Borrow a CD-Drive and install it (or buy a cheap one)
- Borrow a FireWire-CD Drive
- Take an external Firewire HD and use it same way as described for the USB Stick
- Take an internal disk and use it the same way as described for the USB stick


Forcing a "hard" screen resolution resize

Looks like updating graphics card driver fixed this issue.

I would suggest to wait for a while & continue using it before you are sure that the problem is fixed and then you can mark this answer as accepted.


Unable to start Apache on Ubuntu 12.10: no listening sockets available

you just need to remove nginx (3 packages) then that's it.....

Your primary issue is no listening sockets available.You are facing this issue because another application/service acquired port 80 on your Ubuntu Server.

Now you need to Kill the process which acquired port 80. You can find that easily with following command :-

  sudo netstat -ltnp | grep ':80'

This will return something like :-

  tcp   0    0      127.0.0.1:80     0.0.0.0:*       LISTEN      1588/aolserver4-nsd

for above case Process number 1588 acquired port 80 , you need to kill that process 1588.

  sudo kill -9 1588

Now you can start your apache server by following command

  sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start


How can I revert to the previous kernel version w/out dependency issues?

Try to use sudo apt-get remove linux-headers-3.2.0-37-generic linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic linux-image-extra-3.2.0-37-generic. Then reboot and it should work.

As fir the dependencies problem, you need to run synaptic as sudo.


That would be cron.  See man crontab and run crontab -e to edit your cron jobs.


Is there any tool to convert ms visio flowchart to asciidoc directly?

You can use one of the following workflows for VSD file from Visio:

Convert VSD to ODG by vsd2odg utility and then ODG to PNG by LibreOffice:
 sudo apt-add-repository vsd2odg
 sudo apt-get install vsd2odg
 vsd2odg file.vsd file.odg

 lodraw --headless --convert-to png file.odg

Convert VSD directly to PNG by LibreOffice:
 lodraw --headless --convert-to png file.vsd

Then include resulting file.png PNG file to the AsciiDoc as usual.


Why is tint2 blank in Openbox but not in Unity/Gnome Shell

Apparently you have a icon that is buggy see this bug report with same error. Do you have Skype? It seems that the Skype icon/openbox/tint2 combination doesn't work all of the time, try a pkill tint2&&tint2, and see if that fixes it. If it does, you may have to live with it, or get a different dock-app, the bug been open for 4 years, and doesn't look like it got fixed.


I'd like to change certain directories ( like /icons/) from 403 forbidden to 404 not found

First of all, this is essentially cover your ass security. If you use any resources from /icons/ it will be fairly obvious that it is there, and a 404 will not change that. A 403 indicates that the server is correctly configured.

If you really want to do this, RedirectMatch is the way to go.

RedirectMatch 404 ^/icons/$

will return 404 for example.com/icons/, but not example.com/icons/foo.png.

RedirectMatch 404 ^/icons/.*$

will return for example.com/icons/foo.png (and any other file in icons) as well.

Note that if the resources in /icons/ are referenced directly in the output to the browser, this does not improve security in any way, as it's trivially evident that /icons exists. If they are not referenced in the output, but merely used as input for scripts, you should consider moving them out of webroot.


How to restart the network manager applet

You can restart nm-applet with this command from terminal:
killall nm-applet; nohup nm-applet &

or by restarting the network-manager service (which will restart nm-applet):
sudo systemctl restart network-manager

or
sudo service network-manager restart

Here  is a YouTube video explaining the answer.


bash: config.sh: No such file or directory

Just remove source config.sh line from the .bashrc file.

And then source it.

source ~/.bashrc

It will never happens again.


First it may take up to 24 hours for your DNS (the "hostname" you set at no-ip) to propogate.

Second, you are running ssh wrong.

ssh user@server

no need for sudo su , if you want to connect as root you run, ssh root@server


Installation issue in MSI GT780DX, screen freezes

I had same issue until I've blacklisted the nouveau driver
http://robertmassaioli.wordpress.com/2012/04/28/installing-ubuntu-linux-on-the-msi-gt780dx/


Intel Graphics Update tool for Linux - Failing at signing the packages after download (Ubuntu 16.04)

This repo is using a deprecated digest algorithm , SHA1 has been found to too collision prone for this purpose.

You need to contact the repoistory's maintainer and ask them to regenerate the release file with a better digest algorithm.


14.10 is now EOL. See this

Consider upgrading to 15.10 instead of trying to keep going after EOL.

One might suggest that non LTS releases have a ridiculously short lifetime (9 months feels short to me), but it's a tradeoff.  You get the latest/greatest, but have to upgrade more often :)


Why can't I see eth0 on my ubuntu 12.04 server in virtualbox?

The virbr0, or "Virtual Bridge 0" interface is used for NAT (Network Address Translation). This is the default network interface automatically set up by VirtualBox.

In order to have eth0 available in your guest OS please follow this procedure:

Select your guest virtual machine in the VirtualBox Manager then click on Settings.
Select the Network category
Select "Bridged Adapter" in the "Attached to" drop-down list.
Boot your VM normally


In bash you can set variables like this:

export CATALINA_HOME=/opt/catalina

most other shells follow this convention, but not all. You can set it permanently in ~/.profile for bash (and as before, other shells have other locations)

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EnvironmentVariables
Where to declare environment variables?


Receiving "Please insert CD error" when trying to install xubuntu desktop in 12.04

In the ubuntu software center, the edit tab also has a selection for software sources. If you were to uncheck the cdrom in the window at the bottom, your problem may be solved.


ubuntu 16.04 LiveCD/Intall no video output

This sounds like a backlight problem, you could fix it by adjusting your kernel parameters on boot time like this:
Press e when the grub menu shows up and append on the linux line:

acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor

or, if you still have problems use the legacy parameter:

acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=legacy

or finally try in combination with nomodeset:

nomodeset acpi_backlight=vendor


This sounds like a problem with the certificates shipped with the Citrix client for Linux (screenshot). An elderly article in the Ubuntu Community Wiki explains:

  Citrix Receiver only trusts a few root CA certificates, which causes connections to many Citrix servers to fail with an SSL error. The 'ca-certificates' package (already installed on most Ubuntu systems) provides additional CA certificates [...] that can be conveniently added to Citrix Receiver to avoid these errors

The Citrix client has its certificates installed in /opt/Citrix/ICAClient/keystore/cacerts. You can safely remove the entire folder and add a symbolic link to /etc/ssl/certs instead:

$ cd /opt/Citrix/ICAClient/keystore/
$ sudo rm -r cacerts
$ sudo ln -s /etc/ssl/certs cacerts

The Citrix Receiver will start to work just fine afterwards.


Where to define aliases: .cshrc or .bashrc?

The options you mention refer to different shells. When a user starts a shell program, the relevant rc file in the user's home directory is read. If you are using bash (as you will be when you open a terminal in Ubuntu, unless you have installed and selected a different shell as default for your user), then you should put your aliases either in .bashrc, or if you prefer (for example so you can more easily see and edit all your aliases), in a dedicated .bash_aliases file. This file does not exist by default, but if it is created, it will be sourced when bash is started by the default .bashrc:

$ grep -n '^[^#]*bash_alias' /etc/skel/.bashrc
104:if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
105:    . ~/.bash_aliases

If you are using another shell, then use the appropriate rc for that shell.


The package is not called snap, but instead is snapd.
You will want to do
sudo apt autoremove --purge snapd


Reconnect to a previously paired bluetooth mouse from command line

You may try instructions on Connect Devices At Startup wiki page


HDMI tone output not working with PC audio but with test audio

Your repeater is actually called a receiver. The receiver controls your sources, your ins and outs. First thing you want to do is test the output of your Lenovo you will do this by connecting it directly to your TV HDMI port. You will want to see if you're getting picture and sound if you are then you can go back to connecting your laptop to the Pioneer receiver on the back of the receiver you will have a row of HDMI plugs choose the first available input. Your sound will now be processed by the speakers connected directly to the Pioneer receiver and not your TV your TV will not be used as a monitor and there will be an output that will send video to your TV choose the selected source connected from the house put of the Pioneer receiver into your first available input on the TV as long as the Pioneer receiver input if selected to the source connected from Villanova hiii HDMI 1 or HDMI 2. you should get your picture to the TV and sound through your surround sound. if you're not getting the sound through the surround sound you have a problem with the output connection from the speakers.


Recover access to a juju env after losing the jenv file

Basically, you need to rebuild the .jenv file.  An example is given for openstack at this blog.  The procedure is quite detailed and I know the question is old, but I wanted to archive it for posterity.

I won't print everything on that blog, but just a quick-version.  Start with a boiler plate .jenv, as of this writing, use something like this:

user: admin
password: test
environ-uuid: ENVIRONMENT_UUID
state-servers:
- ip-address-of-your-bootstrap-node:17070

server-hostnames:
- ip-address-of-your-bootstrap-node:17070

ca-cert: CA_CERT

bootstrap-config:
  access-key: ""
  admin-secret: TO_BE_DEFINED
  agent-metadata-url: https://streams.canonical.com/juju/tools/
  api-port: 17070
  apt-http-proxy: http://squid.internal:3128
  apt-https-proxy: http://squid.internal:3128
  auth-mode: userpass
  auth-url: http://10.230.19.65:5000/v2.0
  authorized-keys:
  bootstrap-addresses-delay: 10
  bootstrap-retry-delay: 5
  bootstrap-timeout: 600
  ca-cert: SECOND_CA_CERT
  ca-private-key: SECOND_CA_CERT_PRIVATE
  charm-store-auth: ""
  control-bucket: CONTROL_BUCKET
  default-series: ""
  development: false
  disable-network-management: false
  firewall-mode: instance
  image-metadata-url: http://x.x.x.x:80/swift/v1/simplestreams/data/
  image-stream: released
  logging-config: <root>=WARNING;unit=DEBUG
  lxc-clone-aufs: false
  name: USERNAME
  network: ""
  password: PASSWORD
  prefer-ipv6: false
  proxy-ssh: true
  region: region
  secret-key: ""
  set-numa-control-policy: false
  ssl-hostname-verification: true
  state-port: 37017
  syslog-port: 6514
  tenant-name: USERNAME
  test-mode: false
  tools-metadata-url: https://streams.canonical.com/juju/tools/
  type: openstack
  use-default-secgroup: true
  use-floating-ip: false
  username: USERNAME
  uuid: ENVIRONMENT_UUID

Then, modify as follows:

environ-uuid and uuid can be obtained from mongo on the bootstrap node as follows:

mongo --ssl -u admin -p $(grep oldpassword /var/lib/juju/agents/machine-0/agent.conf | awk -e '{print $2}') localhost:37017/admin

Once on the database, get your UUID:

juju:PRIMARY> db = db.getSiblingDB('juju')
juju:PRIMARY> db.environments.find().pretty()

{ "_id" : "cc503d03-6933-47a7-8a16-4d1094a6593e"

The control-bucket and first ca-cert entry can be obtained from the database:

# look for 'ca-cert' in this mess of output, copy out into your file
# with 'begin' and 'end' blocks.  Look at another .jenv to get the
# right yaml format
juju:PRIMARY> db.settings.find().pretty()

The second ca-cert and ca-private key are on the bootstrap node at '/var/lib/juju/server.pem'

Everything else should be pretty self explanatory for what you sub in.  The password can be quite hard if you lost it, but if you did, that blog post has a detailed description of how to reverse it from the database.  See the blog for the long and dirty details, including how to access the VM on the backend of openstack if you lost your ssh access, etc.


Access control based on hosts.deny and hosts.allow is provided by the TCP wrappers library (libwrap0). This is what its README file says:

  The wrapper programs have no interaction with the client user (or with
  the client process).  Nor do the wrappers interact with the server
  application. This has two major advantages: 1) the wrappers are
  application-independent, so that the same program can protect many
  kinds of network services; 2) no interaction also means that the
  wrappers are invisible from outside (at least for authorized users).

Also look at the hosts_access manpage:

ACCESS CONTROL FILES
       The access control software consults two files. The search stops at the
       first match:

       ·      Access  will  be  granted when a (daemon,client) pair matches an
              entry in the /etc/hosts.allow file.

       ·      Otherwise, access will be denied  when  a  (daemon,client)  pair
              matches an entry in the /etc/hosts.deny file.

       ·      Otherwise, access will be granted.

So, unless you compile a custom version of libwrap0, there's no way to change its current behavior.


Why is ComboBoxText giving me a "no attribute" error?

The method name is "get_active_text" not "gtk_widget_get_active_text" (that is the name of the C function), i.e. you should do:

def on_netif_changed(self, widget):
    netif = widget.get_active_text()
    print netif


None of these fixes worked for me. But after more searching:

rm ~/.cache/software-center -R

worked like a charm. I did need to run:

unity --reset &

afterwards though, for the changes to take effect within dash, but the software center just started working straightaway.


Skype full screen video call with 2 side black bars. How to fill all the screen?

The reason the black bars are present is that the original video being sent by the other person's camera is in a 4:3 aspect ratio (you mentioned it was  640x480), while you said your screen is 1366x768 which as you mentioned is a 16:9 aspect ratio.

If the Skype application took it upon itself to stretch the image, rather than using the black bars to present the original aspect, you'd see something like this:

4:3 to 16:9 Stretched Image


Access queries are translated into views and  libreoffice shows them in the same place of the tables(obviously they will be read only).
UCanAccess may not be able to translate some of the queries, but it's improving version by version.
Use the console.sh in the distribution to see which queries ucanaccess can currently translate and execute.


How to force Empathy Internet Messaging to change default webcam?

What you want I think is udev rules.

I'm on 12.04 so your mileage may vary, but here's an example:
You want to change switch /dev/video1 and /dev/video0. First get the info you need:
udevadm info -a -p $(udevadm info -q path -n /dev/video0)
udevadm info -a -p $(udevadm info -q path -n /dev/video1)
Copy both of those huge blocks of text into gedit
Mine looked like this:

  looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.2/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/video4linux/video0':
    KERNEL=="video0"
    SUBSYSTEM=="video4linux"
    DRIVER==""
    ATTR{name}=="USB2.0 PC CAMERA"
    ATTR{index}=="0"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.2/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0':
    KERNELS=="1-1:1.0"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="uvcvideo"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceNumber}=="00"
    ATTRS{bAlternateSetting}==" 0"
    ATTRS{bNumEndpoints}=="01"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceClass}=="0e"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceSubClass}=="01"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{supports_autosuspend}=="1"
    ATTRS{iad_bFirstInterface}=="00"
    ATTRS{iad_bInterfaceCount}=="02"
    ATTRS{iad_bFunctionClass}=="0e"
    ATTRS{iad_bFunctionSubClass}=="03"
    ATTRS{iad_bFunctionProtocol}=="00"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.2/usb1/1-1':
    KERNELS=="1-1"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 4"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="80"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="320mA"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="5064"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="18ec"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="3299"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0100"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="ef"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="02"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="01"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
    ATTRS{speed}=="480"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="14"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="1"
    ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="0"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="ARKMICRO"
    ATTRS{product}=="USB2.0 PC CAMERA"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.2/usb1':
    KERNELS=="usb1"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="  0mA"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="324"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="0002"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0302"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
    ATTRS{speed}=="480"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="1"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="0"
    ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="6"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Linux 3.2.0-22-generic ehci_hcd"
    ATTRS{product}=="EHCI Host Controller"
    ATTRS{serial}=="0000:00:12.2"
    ATTRS{authorized_default}=="1"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.2':
    KERNELS=="0000:00:12.2"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"
    DRIVERS=="ehci_hcd"
    ATTRS{vendor}=="0x1002"
    ATTRS{device}=="0x4396"
    ATTRS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x1043"
    ATTRS{subsystem_device}=="0x8389"
    ATTRS{class}=="0x0c0320"
    ATTRS{irq}=="17"
    ATTRS{local_cpus}=="00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,0000000f"
    ATTRS{local_cpulist}=="0-3"
    ATTRS{numa_node}=="0"
    ATTRS{dma_mask_bits}=="32"
    ATTRS{consistent_dma_mask_bits}=="32"
    ATTRS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
    ATTRS{msi_bus}==""
    ATTRS{companion}==""
    ATTRS{uframe_periodic_max}=="100"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
    KERNELS=="pci0000:00"
    SUBSYSTEMS==""
    DRIVERS==""

You're looking for the attributes from lsusb that match your camera:

SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="firsthalf"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="secondhalf"

Then as root you edit your /etc/udev/rules.d/25-video-device.rules
That name is relatively arbitrary.  The number has to do with what sets get parsed first, but it pops up in a lot of udev google searches. Let's just use it.

Mine looks like:

SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="18ec", ATTRS{idProduct}=="3298", NAME:="video0", OPTIONS:="link_priority=100"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="090c", ATTRS{idProduct}=="c371", NAME:="video2"

Save the file

Some sources indicate as root service udev restart, but I got a hard lock.  So just reboot with it plugged in.
Now fire up anything that doesn't let you choose a video device.  Since they're probably hard-wired to use /dev/video0, this should "just work".

For whatever reason, at least for me, it won't over-ride and displace the existing video0, it just creates two files(maybe by design).  You could ln -sf /dev/video1 /dev/video0.  For me devices I specified this way seem to work. I tested with guvcview.

Congratulations, you just wrote a udev rule to overcome a hard-coded url.

You can specify to run commands at the ends of those udev rules too.

SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="18ec", ATTRS{idProduct}=="3298", NAME:="video0", OPTIONS:="link_priority=100", RUN+="ln -sf /dev/video1 /dev/video0"

SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="090c", ATTRS{idProduct}=="c371", NAME:="video2"

Now your USB video occupies /dev/video0 and /dev/video1.  You don't lose your built-in either since now it's located at /dev/video2.


Black bars when gaming. I want full screen

Sounds like you've not changed the in game resolution.
Check your screen resolution in Settings > Display
Then ensure your display settings match with the settings inside the game itself; usually within the options menu.


"Error splicing file: Input/output error"

Got this error too when copying data from my new dashcam.
Reason: I had accidentally connected the device to the USB 3.0 port.
After I connected the device to the USB 2.0 port, copying went well.


How to install packages from server CD after installing the system

Follow the step-by-step approach described in the link. You should be able to do it.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu

Regarding the mounting related query

When you mount a disc normally with the file browser (nautilus etc) it mounts disks by interacting with udisks behind the scenes.
You can do the same thing on the command line with the udisks tool.
eg
/usr/bin/udisks --mount /dev/sdb1
The bit after --mount is the device name of the partition you want to mount. (/dev/something)

Alternately try mounting the CD using the mount command.You can check the MAN page for "mount" if you are new to mount command.


I had dual boot on a 525GB Sata SSD and needed to clone to a 512GB NVME SSD drive.
In my case, I managed to shrink one of the partitions and do the selective cloning by Macrium Reflect.
Now, the 525GB Sata SSD is my second drive.


Are there DNS leaks with the system proxy setting?

Yes, there are. However the leaks are coming from the proxy server and not from your computer.

If the proxy server is being used by many people it would be somewhat harder (although not impossible) to link the DNS leaks back to you.


Keyboard not working properly in gEdit - Ubuntu 14.10 - Asus 1015 pem

The problem has also been reported for PgAdmin; the given solution seems to fix the problem for Gedit also :

PgAdmin 3 @ Ubuntu 14.10: low responsiveness when typing

  by Robert TheSim

  Maybe it is a wxWidgets / iBus bug. I fixed it disabling IBus. Go to Language Support and change 'Keyboard input system' from 'IBus' to 'None'.