OK, after spending another day searching the web I finally found the solution  here. It appears that on top of

editing the GRUB (setting GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="text" and GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet" and enabling/uncommenting GRUB_TERMINAL=console, remember to finally update the GRUB by executing sudo update-grub)
setting the default target to multi-user.target (sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target, I actually don't know if this step is necessary, but I did it and it worked after next step),

I needed to disable lightdm (sudo systemctl disable lightdm.service). After these steps ubuntu finally fired up in text mode and I successfully installed CUDA and nVIDIA graphics drivers.

Note that I'm now having the problem that lightdm does not start again after reboot, even after enabling it again (sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service). I haven't solved this yet, and will post new question if I don't find the answer somewhere.


Unable to Install Ubuntu 14 next to Windows 7 (same HDD)

The reason of the problem is that I plugged the SATA in a secondary slot.


symlinks to files and directories on ntfs in samba share

You can't share directory trees outside of those that are explicitly shared. Pointing a symbolic link from the latter to the former won't work; if it did, anybody with write privileges on the network share could create a symbolic link to access directories that should stay inaccessible to her.

You need to either share the directory tree on the external drive through an explicit network share or turn the directory structure on the external drive into a sub-tree of an existing network share by mounting it there. You can use bind mounts if you don't want to mount the entire drive there (see the section “The bind mounts” of man mount).


I have a hardware detection problem, what logs do I need to look into?

The most important information you can give is what you've done, what you expected to happen, and what you observe has happened.

This question is a particularly fine example of a hardware-detection problem with a USB device.

Other examples of this could be:

  I installed Ubuntu 10.04 Desktop on my Dell Optiwhatever 312 laptop.  When
  I log in, my wireless card isn't visible in the Network Manager popup menu,
  although the wired network shows up there.

or

  I have Ubuntu 10.04 Netbook edition on my System76 laptop.  When I plug my
  headphones into the socket, the sound comes out the headphones but also
  out the speakers.

or

  I'm using Ubuntu 10.04.  I used the “Additional Drivers” program to install the
  current nVidia drivers for my GeForce FX 5200.  Now when I boot the system stops
  with a black screen after the Ubuntu boot splash is finished.

After this general problem description, what other information is interesting depends on what sort of hardware you're having problems with, and what problems you're having.

In general:

sudo lspci -nn will list all the PCI devices in your system.  This will include all the expansion cards (Video cards, WiFi, etc) in your system, whether or not the kernel has a driver for them.  This information is useful if you're not sure precisely what hardware you have.
lsusb will list all the USB devices connected to your system.  Again, this is useful if you're not sure precisely what hardware you have.  It's also useful to check that the device is actually plugged in correctly!
/var/log/udev and /var/log/dmesg will have information about what devices the kernel has detected.  These logs are generally very big - unless you know what parts of the log are interesting it's not a good idea to include these in your question, although a link to them could be useful (you can use http://paste.ubuntu.com for large logs)
sudo lshw --class X pr sudo lshw -C X can also give a bit of valuable hardware info on the specifed class X - examples classes include cdrom, communication, core, cpu, display, isa, medium, memory, multimedia, network, pci, scsi, serial, storage and usb - so for instance you can use sudo lshw -C network to show info on the network cards the computer can detect.

For Video problems:

/var/log/Xorg.0.log is the X server log file.  This is useful for all video problems. This file can get long so feel free to just put it on http://paste.ubuntu.com. Be sure to give a link to your "paste" so we can find it when we need to.
LIBGL_DEBUG=verbose glxinfo will display information about 3D acceleration support, useful for problems with 3D or desktop effects.
lspci -nn | grep VGA will list all the video cards in your system, useful if you are not sure what type of video card you have.
/usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p should be used for compiz and other Unity compatability issues.

For Audio problems:

cat /proc/asound/cards will list the audio devices that have been detected.  You should include this.
cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#0 will contain information about the first sound card, including information about the input/output ports connected to it.  If you have a problem with plugging in a microphone, headsets, or external speakers, include this.  You may also have more than one sound device.  In that case, there will be more than one /proc/asound/card??? directory.
Wiki: Debugging Sound Problems


Is there an easier way to install package from GitHub release, than building from source?

Link shared by muru answers my question: https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/PPA/Uploading
I need to create and upload a PPA to install it with apt-get but looks like the effort in my case wouldn't be justified, building from source is easier.


This is a late reply but I based on what you shown above, I would expect your admin/olcRootDN to be in dc=ultrasound,dc=zmedia,dc=com, not in dc=csez,dc=zohocorpin,dc=com


You haven't mentioned this in your question but I assume you ran

sudo update-initramfs –u

in the terminal after you made the changes.
If you didn't you need to, then reboot.


I want to use python3 on sublime-text but I am getting an an error as follows

The problem is that python3.6 default location (if it is installed) is /usr/bin/python3.6, just change the path in your build system:

{
    "cmd": ["/usr/bin/python3.6", "-u", "$file"],
    "file_regex": "^[ ]File \"(...?)\", line ([0-9]*)",
    "selector": "source.python"
}

Also, there is a package for sublime text named Python 3, which already contains build system and syntax highlighting for python3. You can install it via Sublime Package Control.


Blank Menubar in Google Chrome for 14.04

After hunting around for a bit, I figured this one out.

Chrome isn't actually supposed to have a menubar: https://productforums.google.com/d/msg/chrome/CdCp6_6gS4Q/k2W-V_Q1gIEJ

It was a weird quirk that it actually was present in 12.04. I'd only been using 12.04 and Mac OS X. A menubar is present in both of those environments, but I realized that those instances were the exception.

Hope this helps anyone else who was in a similar situation, upgrading from 12.04 to 14.04 and was confused.


sudo apt-install can't find linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-51

You are missing bionic-security and bionic-updates from your sources.list file (this missing package is provided by bionic-updates).
Run the following commands to fix this problem.
First make a backup of your sources.list file:
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sourceslistbackup

Now, add the missing lines:
echo 'deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo 'deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

Finally, update and finish your upgrades:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install --reinstall linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-51
sudo apt -f install
sudo apt dist-upgrade


Error while installing php-pear , dpkg error returned error code 1

your /etc/environment is wrong, yours is:

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games" JAVA_HOME = ":usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle

while it should look like:

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"
JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle"


AFAIK you can't have multiple different block devices (as indicated by the different UUIDs) mounted to the same filesystem mountpoint /media (at least not without some kind of overlay filesystem).

You would need to create separate mountpoints such as /media/disk1, /media/disk2 and so on, and then modify your fstab file to something like

# /media was on /dev/sdb1 during installation
UUID=2bc1aa0c-ccb1-4f12-89c5-0bfa56f43ddf /media/disk1           ext4    defaults
# /media was on /dev/sdd1 during installation
UUID=b6eb5a17-f4b8-45ba-bdfb-34c6f15198b7 /media/disk2           ext4    defaults
# /media was on /dev/sdc1 during installation
UUID=ef042524-6d80-430f-980a-fb658362f8fa /media/disk3           ext4    defaults
# /media was on /dev/sde1 during installation
UUID=d33007ad-90e0-42d5-9c51-0e1999c18f00 /media/disk4           ext4    defaults


I need to assign specific static IP in ubuntu server

Your ISP affects a public IP to your ADSL Router.

Your ADSL router affects a "private" or local IP to your ubuntu server.

You can say that you ubuntu server is "behind" your ADSL router.

If you have connected your ubuntu server to your ADSL Router, the ubuntu server should have a local IP.

To check the IP of your ubuntu server run this command on it :

ifconfig

In the result you should see something like this

eth0  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr d0:50:99:8e:0c:54
      inet adr:192.168.1.23  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Masque:255.255.255.0
      adr inet6: fe80::d250:99ff:fe8c:c79/64 Scope:Lien
      UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
      Packets reçus:2008950 erreurs:0 :0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:2299433 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 lg file transmission:1000
      Octets reçus:1001461226 (1.0 GB) Octets transmis:492411283 (492.4 MB)

Where inet adr is your local IP. (Here 192.168.1.23)

Now if you want to access your server from the outside you have to enable port forwarding to the application you want to access.

For example if you want to run a web server on your ubuntu server you have to forward port 80 to your ubuntu server.

For example, let's say that :

Your public IP is 85.191.215.47
Your private IP is 192.168.1.23
A visitor public IP is 97.176.24.123

When someone want to visit your website which is setup on your ubuntu server, he will request : http://85.191.215.47 but we all know that all navigators transform it into this http://85.191.215.47:80 because 80 is the default port for web.

Your ADSL router receives a request from 97.176.24.123, forwards request from its public interface to 192.168.1.23:80, your ubuntu server, that's it, someone communicated with your ubuntu server from the outside !

To enable port forwarding you have to search how to do it for your ADSL model, search "port forwarding on router model XXX" and follow the procedure.

This is the way to talk from the outside with your ubuntu server, by enabling port forwarding on specific applications.

If you want your public IP to be accessible every time it depends wether or not you ISP provides static IP forever or renews it when you reboot your ADSL router, it may vary.

The best way to go is to configure a DynDNS.

Register on some site like http://www.noip.com, create a domain name (ex : myubuntuserver.ddns.org)
In your ADSL router find a DynDNS section and fill it up with your noip credentials, this way your ADSL router will warn noip when your ISP give you a new public IP.

Eventually you can access your ubuntu server web site with http://myubuntuserver.ddns.org


You have to change your VirtualHost setting, too
Edit /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default
Change
 <VirtualHost *:80>

to
 <VirtualHost *:8010>

And make sure that your ports.conf looks like
 NameVirtualHost *:8010
 Listen 8010

And don't forget to restart apache


command-not-found does not complain about unknown commands in zsh

Create a copy of /etc/zsh_command_not_found in your home directory:
cp /etc/zsh_command_not_found ~/.zsh_command_not_found

Open it using your desired editor:
vim ~/.zsh_command_not_found

Remove the --no-failure-msg flag from this line:
/usr/lib/command-not-found --no-failure-msg -- ${1+"$1"} && :

So it should look like this:
/usr/lib/command-not-found -- ${1+"$1"} && :

Save and close the editor.
Instead of sourcing /etc/zsh_command_not_found, source ~/.zsh_command_not_found in your .zshrc.
user@focal ~ % source ~/.zsh_command_not_found
user@focal ~ % csh

Command 'csh' not found, but can be installed with:

sudo apt install csh   # version 20110502-5, or
sudo apt install tcsh  # version 6.21.00-1

user@focal ~ % conda
conda: command not found

I'm not a zsh user, so I've got no idea why --no-failure-msg is being passed to the /usr/lib/command-not-found by default.


Xubuntu: Error while installing xfce-theme-manager 15.10

Okay with some troubleshooting I have found how to do this however this could be dangerous.

To install xfce-theme-manager on xubuntu 15.10 or later it requires editing sources.

Open a terminal and type:

su
apt-add-repository ppa:rebuntu16/other-stuff
apt-get update
apt-get install gksu //This allows shell applications to be ran as root
gksudo thunar

In the file manager that was opened from the command, go to /ect/apt/sources.list.d/ and edit the rebuntu16 source and change both sources from "wily main" to "vivid main"

Back to the terminal, type:

su
apt-get update
apt-get install xfce-theme-manager


Ubuntu 18.04 How to bypass "Auto suspend" while network traffic?

Here first main website and second explained for use NAS. I used in my desktop, this daemon works fine.
Development major was for server, but as I mentioned It work in desktop.

https://github.com/languitar/autosuspend
https://blog.ja-ke.tech/2020/05/30/nas-automation.html


Ubuntu 15.04 - ADB Fastboot impossible to install

Today there was no problem installing android-tools.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb android-tools-fastboot


Ubuntu 18 LTS Bionic Final Kernel Version

Ubuntu kernels are supported by Canonical (ie. upstream security fixes are backported to the Ubuntu LTS kernels) so your Ubuntu kernel is supported as long as your are updated & using a supported release.

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS will have HWE kernels when they become available, so you will soon have that option (it will use 18.10 kernels, 19.04, 19.10 until finally landing on 20.04 like 16.04, 14.04 before it with HWE enabled), but HWE kernels become available on 18.04.2's release. They provide later features (usually wanted for very recent hardware) but do not provide better security (given they've been less tested in production, and security-patches are backported to more stable-kernels) but we do have the choice.

refer https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack for more information.


Can't find options to open and close the optical drive/tray on HP Probook 445 G1

Buddy, It does not contain optical drive. It's just a slot, its blank from inside.
If you want to install any software from Optical disk, Get an external DVD Writer, or use Flash Drive.
I have the same from Delhi University (INDIA).


Is it normal for compiz to consume 40% of my CPU with no other programs running?

I had the same problem that the CPU load went up to 70%~80% and that upset me for a long time after upgrading to 12.04 from 10.04.

And reset compiz settings to default or remove the ~/.compiz-1 & ~/.config/compiz-1 folders didn't work.

But after I uncheck the "Sync to VBlank" box under OpenGL in ccsm (CompizConfig Settings Manager), the CPU load drop to 1% immediately.

Hope this will help you and other guys...

Sorry for my poor expression (I'm a student from china).


Your Error indicates that you use either an hibernated Windows or Windows 8 with fast startup.

If you cannot startup Windows and want to mount the partition you need to open the Disks utility (in terminal 'gnome-disks'). There you need to go to the partition you want to use and change its Mount Options. In the Line with the Options "nosuid,nodev' etc you need to add the line "remove_hiberfile". With that line added you can safely mount the partition.

More Informations here.


I have doubts that swap is really your problem. Check first if you have any processes that are consuming a lot of CPU; use the "top" command.
"top" will also show free and used RAM and swap. Or you could use "free -m" for that.


Fatal Python error: Py_Initialize: Unable to get the locale encoding ... SyntaxError: invalid syntax Aborted (core dumped)

I would recommend unsetting PYTHONPATH. It is generally not needed, and it causes things to break like this by making one Python load things from another Python (in this case, it looks like the system's Python 3 is trying to load something that was written for Python 2).


UEFI Bios Issue from Ubuntu Install On Dell Inspiron 14-3452

So it turns out that I wasn't using Unetbootin which meant I wasn't making proper USB bootable drives for use by a UEFI BIOS.

If you run into this issue, use Unetbootin to get the most stable live version (14.04 right meow) and plop it on a thumb drive.

When you boot up the machine make sure it is in UEFI, No secure boot mode. Then in setup (F2) go to boot and add the BOOT/Grub2 to a boot option and put at high priority.

Select this, it will boot to Grub, from Grub run the installer for Ubuntu. Now that the installer is running on UEFI it should be a fine installation if you chose to wipe clean or partition.

Hope this helps someone.


How I do uninstall the apps old version after upgrading to a new version in Ubuntu Touch

It is a official bug reported in this link:
Storage shows same app multiple times (pre-installed and update from click store)

The team is working in the solution.


Hmm, I may not be of the best computer knowledge to help, but this sounds similar to what happened with my own laptop. Can you get into Safe Mode at all? Mine could not get into normal windows but I was able to at least save my files using safe mode so I would suggest trying that.

And, you can certainly get Ubuntu installed as long as your laptop is able to turn on (just download it onto an empty disk or USB stick and put it in your laptop before it opens). Though you will lose all your files if you haven't backed them up..


Try this:

open a terminal an run gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.cursor active false    OR
run dconf-editor and navigate to org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.cursor and set the schema active to false.

Discussions can be find here


Firefox opens and quits without an error message

Try opening Firefox in Safe Mode from a Terminal:

firefox -safe-mode

From https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/firefox-wont-start-find-solutions


dual boot install windows7 after ubuntu12.04

depending on your technical proficiency, please do take heed of the

BACKUP YOURFILES  WARNING!

Install gparted.
Partition your drive/s to take windows (read up on gparted if you are technophobic)
backup your grub partition (read up on this before loading the new windows partition)
reboot with the windows set up disk and install
boot with our backed up OD on the USB key (with your backed up grub!)
boot into the repair section
do "grub update"
do the fsk
do the update
drop into root shell
start gdm (of  whichever window manager you are using - if its 12.04 this is probably fine if it fails  try the others  LightDm /kde etc)
log in and  do the grub update thingy using term again to be sure.
reboot.

Some times this doesnt work so make sure you read up on how to probe for the OS using the OS prober..

Good  luck and remember

TO BACK EVERYTHING UP FIRST


What you're following is a link to install Ubuntu on a Mac...

Probably what you're trying to do is install Mac software on Ubuntu, which is a bit like trying to run Ubuntu software on Windows...

For more information on running Mac software on Linux, look over there: Why isn't it possible to run Mac software?


sudoers syntax different for server vs desktop?

No, there is no syntax difference.

Edit with sudo visudo and you'll get some syntax checking.


Temporary failure in name resolution in 17.10 distros

I downloaded Ubuntu 17.10 and ran it from RAM to test. Worked OK. I installed 17.10 on drive.

Installed couldn't reach the net:

"Temporary failure in name resolution".

A few days of fruitless "fixes" led to the discovery that in my 17.10,  /etc/resov.conf was a link of /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf. But /run/systemd/resolve did not exist (I think [most of] "run" is populated at boot time).

I rebooted the ram version and found that resolv.conf contained (unique to my installation):

# Generated by NetworkManager

search fios-router.home

nameserver 192.168.1.1

Put this my installed resolv.conf. Problem solved.


I followed Steve Dee's advice at rotated monitor. login screen needs rotation, but using /var/lib/gdm3 instead - and adding appropriate permissions to the user's .config directory:

chmod 755 /home/<user>/.config
sudo ln -s /home/<user>/.config/monitors.xml /var/lib/gdm3/
sudo chown -h gdm:gdm /var/lib/gdm3/monitors.xml
sudo reboot

That worked for me.


Ubuntu Hyper-V Guest Display Resolution Win 10 + 15.04

Edit /etc/default/grub with your editor of choice. Remember to use sudo:

For example:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Change this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

To this.

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash video=hyperv_fb:1920x1080"

Then in a console type:

sudo update-grub
reboot

Unfortunately, this is the highest resolution you can use for Linux Hyper-V guests.

Other virtualization solutions have guest additions which allow for higher resolutions like VMware and VirtualBox.

Note: If you have added the RemoteFX 3D Video Adapter in your VM settings you may have to remove it in order for this change to work. And do reboot your ubuntu guest for it to take effect.


How can I get wireless working on an HP-Mini 110-3500, I have only usb ports

If you have the same 110-3500 that I just got, you do have an ethernet port, but it's hidden. It is located under a cover along the right side of the computer, at the rear - opposite where you plug in the power, and just behind the attachment point for a security lock cable.

I hope that helps. I'm in the process of installing ubuntu myself on one now.


Is it possible to give commands to a running service?

The Minecraft server is running in the background, so it is disconnected from the foreground terminal where you might input commands.

It is up to the server to provide a way to interact, such as offering a web-based interface, or a CLI that communicates with the server over a socket.

systemd offers the sd-bus as D-Bus IPC client and the related busctl, but they would only be of any use if the server implemented D-Bus.

Summary: Check the docs of your server to see what's possible.


Is there a way to make a hdparm setting "stick" over boots AND suspend/resumes?

This doesn't work:

nano /etc/pm/sleep.d/myself_hdparm

which contains:

#!/bin/sh

case "$1" in
    resume)
        echo "setting sdc to low-power idling mode after resume!"
        hdparm -S6 /dev/sdc
esac

and then:

sudo chown myself:myself /etc/pm/sleep.d/myself_hdparm

sudo chmod 0755 /etc/pm/sleep.d/myself_hdparm


First you have to know that KzenExplorer is a KDE application that makes it possible to transfer tracks to MP3 players that are supported by libnjb. It also allows to manage playlists, create smart playlists and add ratings to the tracks on the player.

KZenExplorer needs the following libraries:

libnjb (>= 2.0)
taglib (>= 1.3)

To install libnjb:

sudo apt-get install libnjb

To install taglib:

sudo apt-get install taglib

After installing the requirments extarct the bz2 archive and go to the directory and issue the following commands:

./configure
make
sudo make install


It appears to be related to this project: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/master/mojo/README.md. It looks like an developer/IPC/debugging method that chrome and v8-based webkits use (like Electron, or NW.js).

I think, you probably had a development version of some app running that you weren't aware of.


Might you mean netboot=nfs rather than netboot=ntf ?

Correct these errors and try again.


How can I reach over 100% volume with a keyboard shortcut?

try running these commands (via alt+f2 or terminal):

volume to 150%:

pactl set-sink-volume 0 150%

to return the volume to 100% simply:

pactl set-sink-volume 0 100%

(video demonstration of those commands here)

Note that the argument after set-sink-volume specifies your sound device. If you have hdmi you will likely have 2 devices and you need to check for your device id using alsamixer or pacmd list-sinks or even pactl list sinks.

If it doesn't work, try this script.

If it works, manually set a keyboard shortcut for these commands through the application  'keyboard shortcuts' (on ubuntu 11.04: key 'super' -> type 'keyboard shortcuts' -> button 'add').

The command pactl belongs to the package "pulseaudio-utils' to install it use the command:

sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-utils


java2-runtime virtual package not considered installed by dpkg/apt-get

Not reproducible in Raring with a 1.509.x build after installing default-jdk. Not sure whether the difference is installing the full JDK; or a package metadata difference in the JDK for Raring; or a package metadata difference in Jenkins (I do not think so); or a bug fix to apt-get in Raring.


I had the same problem (tried it also with a fresh installation, same thing). It turned out to be a locale issue (apparently, dropbox does not install well with some locales).
You can check your locale by running

locale

and find out which locales are available for you by running

locale -a

I've managed to install dropbox properly after changing my locale to EN_GB.utf8 (was EN_IL beforehand) by running

sudo update-locale LANG=EN_GB.utf8
sudo update-locale LANGUAGE=EN_GB.utf8

I guess that you can change your locale back to what suits you best after the installation.


Cannot set brightness with xbacklight, Intel

xbacklight indeed does not work, unless, as you discovered, you greatly bring down the performance of your graphics.

On a Dell XPS 9350, I have been using a utility light. It is found on GitHub. Currently, .deb files are available for installation. Alternatively, the utility can easily be compiled (this was the only option when I first used it).

Your lines in i3-config then become:

bindsym XF86MonBrightnessUp exec  --no-startup-id light -A 5 # increase screen brightness
bindsym XF86MonBrightnessDown exec  --no-startup-id light -U 5 # decrease screen brightness

The drawback is that, thus far, this solution requires installing software outside of the Ubuntu repositories. The utility is currently available in the repositories of Fedora and Arch, though, so it is not unlikely that it will also make it to the Ubuntu repo one day.


How do you install avconv on Ubuntu 18.04?

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

The sub-mentioned command installs all what should be contained within avconv

In fact, the python script used contains a call to avconv. I replaced avconv mnemonic by ffmpeg and it worked.


OS-Uninstaller saying I will need to update my bootloader?

The program is telling you simply that it will remove the entry from the bootloader for the operating system it is removing. It is supposed to do that. However, proceed with caution (back up any necessary files) since bootloader operations, if done wrong, can damage your bootloader and will make your system unbootable.


Bluetooth not working properly once restarted via hardware switch

Instead of restarting the computer you can try:

sudo service bluetooth restart

It's not a permanent fix but it's faster than restarting.  I've never used bluetooth much, but I've found that occasionally if I'm using wifi and do something funky it locks up and I need to restart the network-manager service to get it to recognize the currently available networks.

Hope this helps.


How to build Ubuntu Touch in 32-bit computer

It does appear that at this moment in time, it is not possible to build using a 32-bit system. Development tools are currently available for 64-bit: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Building

  For development you can run any 64-bit Desktop version of Ubuntu
  between 12.04 LTS and 13.04.


recovery of data after installing ubuntu 12

If you selected "use entire disk" for the install, then your drive was re-partitioned and reformatted.  There's no easy way to get any of your data back.

There may still be data there in the form of a data stream, but the indexes to the files will be missing.  The more you use the drive the more it gets written to, and the less of that stream there will be to recover. Recovery operations would start with mounting the drive as read only and searching for any indication of the old partition table and allocation tables for the files.  You could also pay someone to recover the data but it may not be cheap.


Looks like you already created a Postgres role called UbuntuUsername. Trying to do that the second time will result in an error as the role already exists. I think you can proceed with the instructions.

(the first error - "could not change directory..." is probably unimportant and harmless and is caused by sudo -u postgres ... executed in your home directory)


Device drivers for Ubuntu GNOME on an ASUS laptop

A dual boot is a system which contains two operating systems on the same computer, and can boot into both, usually with one bootloader. In Ubuntu the default bootloader is GRUB. Aside from replacing the Windows bootloader with GRUB so that the computer can boot both Ubuntu and Windows, installing Ubuntu will not affect anything else in the Windows operating system.

However after installing Ubuntu you will need to also install the drivers for wifi, graphics, etc. in Ubuntu. The built-in Additional Drivers utility will help you to do this, but it does not support the drivers for every model of graphics card and wifi adapter, so some drivers need to be installed manually from the terminal.

In order to show all the drivers that are available to be installed from the default Ubuntu repositories and are compatible with your hardware, open the terminal and type:

ubuntu-drivers devices

Wait at least one minute for the command to scan your computer and generate the list of drivers. The output of this command will be a list of the package names and short descriptions of the available drivers. In addition to showing a list of the available open source drivers, the above command will often also identify recommended proprietary driver(s) for your system if there are any available.

ubuntu-drivers devices will not show graphics drivers that are not available from the official Ubuntu repositories, such as the AMDGPU-Pro graphics driver for Linux which is available from the official AMD website. If you have installed a proprietary graphics driver from somewhere else than the default Ubuntu repositories, ubuntu-drivers devices will confusingly sometimes show it as the recommended driver even if it is not working properly.

As mentioned in Ubuntu Documentation Wifi Docs / Wireless Troubleshooting Guide / Devices to show the eight-digit PCI.ID for your wireless device in the terminal type:

lspci -nn | grep 0280

Then search Ask Ubuntu or Ubuntu Forums for the PCI.ID and you will find out what driver is required.


Package 'oracle-java8-installer' has no installation candidate

If you're using a newer version of Ubuntu it's because Java 8 has been replaced by a newer version.  In 19.04 it's version 11.  You should be able to install your release's default Java version with:

sudo apt install default-jre

I ran into a similar issue when trying to install the Minecraft deb package; it specifically looked for the version 8 of Java instead of just a Java executable with a minimum version number, so it refused to install.  However, installing my default-jre brought in version 11, which works just fine with the tarball version of Minecraft that simply has a binary executable in it.


It turns out that all I had to do was to remove PulseAudio Equalizer.


Is it safe/possible to hold user accounts on an ntfs partition?

I'd recommend sticking to an ext3 or ext4 drive and then using symlinks for ~/Pictures ~/Videos etc to directories on a mounted-elsewhere NTFS drive (which would make your Places menu still work)


Is it possible to make Firefox look like in Windows in Lubuntu?

Though I'm not 100% sure what you asked, but I think, you are asking to change firefox menu to shrink in a button, like in Windows

To do so,

Go to Tools → Add-ons and in the Extensions section, disable the Ubuntu Firefox modification extension and then restart Firefox.
After restarting Firefox, go to the Firefox Menu → View → Toolbars  and unselect the  Menu bar. (remove the tick mark)

To revert the change: Click on the Firefox button → Preferences and select the Menu bar.

Before

After

Then to add the other buttons like the Windows version of firefox,

Go to View → Toolbars and then Customize.... (If you have the old menu enabled)
Or Click on the Firefox button, Go to Preference → Toolbar Layout... (If you have Windows like Firefox button enabled)
From the new Customize toolbar Window, drag and drop the desired buttons from it to the Firefox toolbars. Also you can drag the right most home icon to the left.

The result is like below:

You see that, I have added

a forward button,
a seperator,
home button moved to the left side
Download button,
Bookmarks button,
and the history button.


How to resolve wireless disconnect problem in Atheros ath9k

Beside creating a file named /etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf with the contents options ath9k nohwcrypt=1, I also had to disable acer_wmi kernel module:

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

and add this line:

blacklist acer-wmi

Then reboot. This fixed WiFi problems for me.


I would set an alarm with one of the alarm programs out there and set the title to a randomly typed password you can copy and paste into ubuntu settings. I haven't used any alarms but that's how I would do it on my phone which I assume alarms work the same on Ubuntu


How to Convert/Edit .mp4 file to .gif in Ubuntu 16.04?

If by "default" you mean that you want to use integrated software, just printscreen frame by frame and then stich them together.

In GIMP, for the stich part, you need to open all the images as layers and then Filters > Animation > Playback... and modify them the options that you need.


Printer Samsung ML-2165W: Installed but it won't print

Try this site. http://www.bchemnet.com/suldr/. I have a Samsung ML-1675 and I have been downloading my driver from this site for years everytime I do a fresh Linux install. Hope this helps.


How can I use microsoft windows xp or 7 and ubuntu lts on same computer?

Yes Ubuntu is completely open source operating system and you not need to pay anything for any type of use.

Here is your solution to install Windows with Ubuntu.

Windows Xp with Ubuntu Dual Boot


About Webcam:

I had the same issue that it was showing a black square in the top right corner. But then I played with some of the settings in File -> Preferences -> Webcam settings as shown here.

Now, if you'll try recording from webcam then it might work fine.

Saving the file:

As shown here under File -> Preferences -> Webcam, you have an option to Save files automatically which you can turn on.


I was able to fix this by doing:

sudo ifconfig wlan0 up

Perhaps that'll help.


Is it possible to use ubuntu alongside windows 8 without any bootloader(grub, win8 etc.)?

Yes, you can do it, if your computer has UEFI.

Set Windows default OS in UEFI settings.
Set Ubuntu default OS in grub.
Set grub to be hidden.

That works for me, but it may depend on UEFI.


Your editor is probably doing funny things to that file (files in /proc are not actual files, they're an interface to lower-levels of the operating system). While the change is probably working okay, the usual way of updating things in proc is directly with a shell command, like:

echo 1 | sudo dd of=/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_timestamps

If you want this setting to be applied every time you boot, create a file called /etc/sysctl.d/tcp-timestamps.conf, containing the following:

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 1


Mark a deb package as used, so it's not suggested for autoremoval

Although apt-get install marks packages as installed too, it does other things like upgrading packages (if there is an upgrade available). The correct program to change the automatically-installed states is apt-mark.

Usage

Marking a package as manually installed (such that it won't be removed by apt-get autoremove):

sudo apt-mark manual package1 package2 ... packageN

To mark a package as automatically installed (such that it will be removed by apt-get autoremove if no packages depend on it):

sudo apt-mark auto package1 package2 ... packageN

More details are available in the manual page apt-mark(8).


Setting gnome as desktop environment in .xsession

If you have the package gnome-session installed, you should edit ~/.xsession and add this:

gnome-session


Gaming laptops that just work with Ubuntu?

Depends how you define a gaming laptop. Anyway: Dell has official support for Ubuntu for some product lines; drilling down to laptops with dedicated GPUs you can go to the the precision M3800 (or M4800 or M6800 if you need more powerful GPUs).

That said I don't see how the HW platform could interfere/relate to dual boot problems: any system will probably come with a preinstalled OS whether it's ubuntu or Windows and to have a seconde one you can resize partitions and install a second one (easier to have Windows 10 and then add Linux as grub will recognize the pre-existing Win installation) or just erase everything and install as you'd like.

Hope this can help.

Alessandro


Force real network usage - disable loopback interface for applications

There seems to be a way developed by Daniel Ryde, which uses a self developed c-programm, which tells the dynamic linker to first load all libs into the process you want to run and then add some more ontop of it.

This explanation at Superuser.com and this  discussion on Daniel Lange's blog
may be helpful, but is there really no way to do it with the Ubuntu/Linux build-in tools?


Lenovo Thunderbolt 3 Dock ethernet 17.04

The 6010 version of this r8152 device is not supported by the 4.10 kernel.

But it is supported by the 4.13-rc6 kernel version. It has been added by this commit.

You will be able to install it from Ubuntu mainline PPA.


How do I reformat my hard drive to NTFS?

Boot from the Ubuntu setup disk and use GParted to delete all partitions on the hard drive. You can then boot from the Windows setup disk and it will format the drive for you during installation, creating the necessary partitions for Windows to install.


Icons show up in launcher but not in panel

I found solution for me. It is works.

sudo apt-get install indicator-applet-complete


100% CPU due to "fwupd" process in Ubuntu 16.04

I had the same problem and it can be an apt-get cache problem so it's recommended to clean the cache :

sudo -ic
apt-get clean
cd /var/lib/apt
mv lists lists.old
mkdir -p lists/partial
apt-get clean
apt-get update

or it can be a permission problem

sudo chown {user} /home/{user}/.cache/dconf

this solve the problem for me.


This is a surprising and unnatural behavior of mate-tweak -- you want to "tweak" your settings, but instead you lose all of your prior customizations.

To avoid loss when using the Interface tab, it is critical that the first action you take is to click Save Panel Layout.

After that, if something outrageous happens, you should be able to restore by selecting the Custom option from the drop-down that is immediately above Save Panel Layout.

Underlying this behavior, it seems, is the wildly incorrect notion by mate-tweak that it is the only tool that will be used to configure your panels.


autogen.sh can't find " fontconfig" package

Whenever you get messages about missing packages (or suggestions to modify your PKG_CONFIG_PATH) during a build, it usually indicates that you are missing the corresponding development package - which is typically separate from the runtime package that is normally installed on the system.

In this case you have the most recent version of fontconfig but are probably missing the corresponding libfontconfig1-dev package.


How can I download a folder that contains spaces in its name?

You are not using " but ” (those are slanted). Probably due to a copy/paste from a website.
scp -r username@server:~/folder1/folder2/"Folder with spaces" .

will work.


Blocking a command from execution in ubuntu

The answer is don't give sudo or root permissions to anybody you don't trust with them.  If it's your computer and they might wreck your machine, then don't give them any elevated permissions, or don't let them use the computer at all.


Want to increase disk space for Ubuntu (I have installed is along windows 7)

Important: Before you start messing with partitions make a backup of your personal data. If you mess up you might get it back with something like testdisk but that will take a lot of time and gas mixed result.
Create a gParted Live DVD or USB like you would make an Ubuntu installation disk;
Boot from it.

The 2 steps to do from here:

Shrink the partition you want to make smaller. Let that task finish before proceeding;
Add the unallocated space to the partition you want to make larger.

You can only merge with the unallocated space to partitions next to it these 2 task might need to be repeated. If you want to move space from sda1 to sda4 and sda2 and sda3 are in between you need to shrink sda1, add the new free space to sda2, shrink sda2, add to sda3, shrink sda3, add to sda4.

If you want a more specific answer add an image from gParted into the question. The information you provided does not tell us what partitions are used by Windows (sda1 through sda5 could be a Windows system, a data partition or recovery partitions); only the sda6 is your Ubuntu system.


How do I enable Ati Radeon 9200 drivers so I can use Unity?

To check if your graphics card and driver can support unity-3d you can run the following in a terminal:

/usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

On a new install, by default, the Open-Source driver is selected.

There maybe an ATI proprietary driver available - ensure you are connected to the internet and look at System - Additional Drivers.  If there is an ATI driver offered to you to be activated, then click on the "Activate" button.

If both unity_support_test reports unity-3d is not available and if there are no additional drivers you can install, your recommended option is to install the unity-2d package available in the Software Center.

In October, the version of unity-2d will be much closer -in terms of capability - to unity-3d and thus is a viable alternative.


Lyx says it's corrupted and cannot find the basic module after upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04

The solution was to open Lyx and from the menu go to Tools → Reconfigure, then restart Lyx and everything worked like before again.

It doesn't look like Lyx intended to say "your (Ubuntu) installation is corrupted" just that I couldn't make sense of the old configuration it found.


I've seen this a few times in residential broadbands.

In some cases, it was the ISPs throttling some types of traffic and it escaped the throttling mechanism when using a VPN. Detecting it or proving it is really hard.

It also can be that the nameserver used by your VPN is a lot faster than the nameservers used when not connected to said VPN. This one is easy to spot, it makes downloads slow to start but does not prevent them to reach normal speed. It usually makes browsing miserable as it requires lots of small downloads.


How do I fix the garbled application name in the Launcher?

Reinstalling won't fix it. Removing the local copy of the .desktop file will :).
Look in ~/.local/share/applications, find the offending .desktopfile and remove it. Log out and back in and it is fixed.
Why reinstalling didn't fix it
Local .desktop files in ~/.local/share/applications overrule the global ones in /usr/share/applications. Reinstalling will reinstall everything, except local files, like personal settings and local .desktop files.


If it looks a bit like the picture below then you've probably booted into Gnome classic. When you're logging in after starting your computer there are options for which desktop environment you'd like to use (where these are depend on which desktop manager you use but should be near your username - if you're using lightdm just click on the logo to the right of your username). Set that to gnome instead of gnome-classic and you're done.


Need help getting switchable graphics working under Ubuntu 14.10

You'd better install the proprietary drivers from the release repository :

sudo apt-get install fglrx fglrx-core fglrx-amdcccle fglrx-pxpress
sudo ln -svT /usr/lib /usr/lib64 #Only for Ubuntu 64bits
sudo amdconfig --initial

  never again, it's NVIDIA or nothing next time!

My previous laptop was nvidia hybrid and it was as difficult as for amd graphic cards to configure :)


E: Unable to locate package nvidia-driver-340

Maybe the Personal Package Archive (ppa) was not added or maybe there is a typo.

Please run the following commands in a terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install nvidia-340

Ref: Install Latest NVidia 340.46 via ppa


QQ,Webio is not supported any more by Ubuntu.

There is a QQ plugin available for pidgin.

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/lainme/libqq/ubuntu YOUR_UBUNTU_VERSION_HERE main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/lainme/libqq/ubuntu YOUR_UBUNTU_VERSION_HERE main

ppa:lainme/libqq   (Click here for instructions on using PPAs.)

For weibo : http://libpurple-microblog-sina.googlecode.com provides a plugin you can download the source and install it.


In terms of the desktop wall what is "edge flipping"?

Edge flipping, which is disabled by default, I believe, allows you to move your mouse from one virtual desktop to another by simply moving past the edge.  It sort of treats it like it's one big desktop, in a way, except instead of smoothly scrolling, it flips by a full screen.  But it follows the cursor, so you don't need to move all the way across the screen to return to the previous desktop.

I personally find it very annoying, and I don't use it, but I'd guess it's probably better if you're used to it.  Maybe it's even handy, but I've never really tried.

If you don't have it enabled, it still has settings for where on the screen it's triggered, much like the setting for the reveal mode.  So, you might be able to safely ignore the warning.


I think mine (with default theme) looks exactly like the screenshot you've posted too. However to give your Firefox a beautiful and impressive look and feel you can try installing complete themes.

For example, Ark theme looks great on Firefox.


only fetch the diff when I run apt update on mobile phone with monthly data limit?

As @nobody has alluded to, these big files that you’re downloading are coming from apt-file. Based on the docs, you can configure this by modifying the /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50apt-file.conf file and running /usr/share/doc/apt-file/examples/apt-file-2-update.sh.
From there, you can set up a local cache for these .deb files with something like:
$ mkdir -p ~/.cache/apt-file ~/.config
$ touch ~/.cache/apt-file/dpkg-status
$ sed '/^Dir::State/ d; /^Dir::Cache/ d;' \
       /usr/share/doc/apt-file/examples/apt-file.conf \
       > ~/.config/apt-file.conf
$ cat <<EOF >> ~/.config/apt-file.conf
       Dir::State "$HOME/.cache/apt-file";
       Dir::Cache "$HOME/.cache/apt-file";
       Dir::State::status "$HOME/.cache/apt-file/dpkg-status";

From there you could update the apt-file cache independently from apt by calling:
$ apt-file -c ~/.config/apt-file.conf update

This was taken directly from the manpage, so some tweaking may be required.


You don't need to worry about passwords when you can use something called Public Key Infrastructure.

This is a method of using public and private keys to authenticate a user. You store a copy of your private key, and the other server has a copy of your public key. When you log in, they have a little conversation with each other which confirms the public and private keys match so you can log in without entering a password.

This is as secure as anything as long as you don't share your private key with anyone!

To set this up is really simple.

On source machine, run ssh-keygen. You can accept all the defaults, that'll be enough for this purpose. It'll generate your private (id_rsa) and public(id_rsa.pub) keys in your ~/.ssh folder.

Now you want to get the public key on the server, which is easy too.

From the source pc, run ssh-copy-id username@servername.

This will place a copy of id_rsa.pub's content in the server's ~/.ssh/authorized_keys.

Now if you ssh from the source to the destination you will get in without requiring a password.

How does this affect rsync I hear you ask? Rsync uses ssh!

Please remember: NEVER GIVE OUT YOUR PRIVATE KEY (id_rsa) or someone can pretend to be you.


What you want to do is 'create a virtual machine' within your current linux install.

If you are on Ubuntu you already have a number of good choices for 'virtualisation', here is the ubuntu link https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualMachines

What you will need is the following.

Install one of the virtual machine software systems from the above link (virtualBox comes to mind as being a fairly easy one, but I recal that XEN and Qemu are available).

A copy of your 'guest' OS, in your case a copy of windows.

Then you will need to start your virtual machine software and tell it to create a new virtual machine. Then it is just a simple matter of following the instructions for creating the machine - in effect you use your windows install disk to install a copy o windows inside your running ubuntu.

Some terms you may need to get your head around.

Host OS : for you this is the main OS on your pc (ie ubuntu, the system that comes on when you turn on your computer)

Guest OS : the OS that you want to run inside your virtual machine (ie windows)

Bridge : you can get you host and guest to communicate, share internet connections, share a HDD (you may need to set up samba on your host to 'serve' a shared disk to windows).

One annoyance.
If you are running a dual boot system, you can't turn your currently installed version into a virtual machine, which is a pain as mostly when you buy a pc you don't get a copy of the OS.

Other option.
If you have an 'old' windows pc sitting around you can use that and 'remotely log onto it' - it takes a bit of setting up (ie time / security etc). Maybe your employer can provide you with a remote logon to a pc for your requirements ?

Hope the above helps you out.

If you run into any problems during the creation of the virtual macine, check back on the ubuntu forums, here is a link to an ubuntu wiki page first VM


is it possible to hide packages on launchpad.net?

See https://launchpad.net/~snwh/+archive/ubuntu/pulp/+packages

The cursors are part of the icon theme and you can also download the DEB for the cursors itself here:


Triple Boot Configuration |Installing Ubuntu on the same hard drive as Windows 7 and Windows 10

Did you create empty space using windows disk management tool in the second windows system? Did you turn off the fast-boot option in windows (Control Panel > Power options > turn off sleep/hibernate options then try to find a link 'adjust options currently unavailable' which will appear at the bottom of the page - you may need to scroll down)? Did you try to install ubuntu in legacy mode?

Here are some guidelines. During the installation (of ubuntu) process, select 'do something else' when options including 'install ubuntu alongside windows' are offered. Select the empty space created in windows (you may have to double-click on it). Format it as ext4, and define it as / (= root) partition. Install grub to sda (not sda1 etc).

At some stage there will be a message 'it appears that there are other operating systems not using UFI - if you proceed they may not work'. You may need return to previous screens to sort matters. Good luck, aarn


"Launchpad doesn't understand the form data submitted in this request." when using links

I think this is a links bug.  Rather than making the query string for the GET request that happens when you press "Search" be just the URL-encoded contents of the search form, which is how it's supposed to work, links instead submits a form that consists of the query string it started with plus the URL-encoded contents of the search form.  This means that:

the first time round, you get the search form again because advanced=1 is still set, which is the parameter that causes Launchpad to show the search form;
the second time round, it sends all the search parameters from the first attempt and then all the same search parameters again, which causes Launchpad to fail because it was only expecting a single value for some of those inputs.

The current HTML specification defines the form submission algorithm, and makes it clear that the browser is to set the query string to the encoded form, not append the encoded form.

Feel free to file a Launchpad bug as well; it would be low-priority because it seems to be just this browser, but there may be some way we can produce clearer errors and/or construct the form in such a way as to avoid this browser bug (for example, I suspect that using action="/+bugs" rather than action="" would work around it).  It would be best to send a bug report to the links developer though, since it seems to be actively maintained; please CC me (cjwatson@canonical.com) and I can help explain the situation.


I think a way to do this in software if you cannot change the brightness in hardware is through xrandr --output LVDS1  --brightness on the command line This will in software make it appear to be more dim or less bright. I found this info on http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man1/xrandr.1.html

This is just making the screen appear more or less bright for each pixel however and will not improve battery life by reducing brightness in this way. As the backlight is still on the same strength as a given light takes more power to shine brighter.

So only do this if xbacklight doesn't work. To get a similar brightness to xbacklight -set 50 you would run xrandr --output LVDS --brightness 0.5. Of course if it is a desktop monitor it will be either VGA1 DVI1, or HDMI1 according to the input.

If it is an external monitor you can also change the brightness with buttons on the monitor even if you do not have the backlight property on your monitor like I don't have on my asus vs229-hp.


How to enable hibernate on Ubuntu 13.10?

I've found the solution, https://askubuntu.com/a/362499/193491. I've paraphrased the solution below:

sudo gedit /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla

Paste the following and save the file.

[Re-enable hibernate by default in upower]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate
ResultActive=yes

[Re-enable hibernate by default in logind]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate
ResultActive=yes

Restart the machine. The run sudo killall indicator-session-service once you've entered a new session, and then you'll have your hibernate functionality back.


I finally found an answer to this.  The problem is the keyboard driver isn't loading or something, so, i found if i put the ubuntu iso in the dvd drive, then go into recovery mode from grub, then go to boot normally I can pass this issue and type in my password in the command line.


Run a script only at the very first boot

No. But you might want to place your script in /etc/init.d/script, and self-delete it:

#!/bin/bash

echo "Bump! I'm your first-boot script."

# Delete me
rm $0


Unable to login to gnome session after upgrading to 17.10

Well if black screens are Wayland based then for sure Nvidia is cause. it is just not compatible.  You need install X11 versions of other desktops.

Also We see similar when login session is corrupted or not compatible with new programs.  One good test is to create new user account. If it works, it is evidence that session for old user account has bad settings. Can clean out ~/.cache to fix


Please look here: http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.in/2013/06/stable-channel-update_17.html

To quote:

The Stable channel has been updated to 28.0.1500.45 for Linux.

The minimum requirements for Linux have also been updated:

Ubuntu 12.04+
Debian 7+
OpenSuSE 12.2+
Fedora Linux 17+


Instaling linux-oem-20.04b kernel in Ubuntu 21.04

First: to remove a kernel you need to boot into another one like your current one then yes sudo apt autoremove linux-image-5.10.0-1023-oem (or very close to that) will remove the OEM kernel.
Second familiarize yourself with grub changes or use grub-customizer because you may not get a menu entry for the OEM kernel.
Third 21.04 will complain about outdated binaries when running this older kernel. I ignore them as its at least working for me. In my case mg onboard graphics only work right with the OEM kernel.


What keyboard layout allows me to type ç?

Using keyboard layout "USA - intl (AltGr dead keys)", I can get ç or Ç by pressing:

AltGr + ,: ç
AltGr + Shift + ,: Ç


First of all, is Ubuntu free of charge?

Yes

  Second, now I am using Windows, do I need to have a disk partition?

In general yes.
Each installed operating system needs at least its own partition.

Keep in mind: for testing Ubuntu or any other operating system it might make sense to check out a Virtual Machine like Virtualbox, VMware or similar. Great for testing/learning as it reduces the risks for beginners to wreck the core-setup.

  Third, can I choose rather use Windows or Linux?

In case of having several operating systems (which is often called dual Booting) installed you usually have some kind of boot-manager (i.e. grub), which lets you choose which operating system to boot at startup of the computer.

  Fourth, can I run Windows applications on Linux?

In general no, why there are some special cases like using wine to emulate a windows environment. this works for some applications but is no general solution for random window-apps

  Last, if I want to delete either Linux or Windows, can I restore the two disk partitions back to one?

Possible in general yes - depends on what tools you have in access. Modern windows versions can enlarge partitions with inbuild diskmanagement tools, older versions can't.


ubuntu 12.04 graphic error on boot after update from 10.04

"weird screen half purple half black" does seem like a graphics driver issue. Why did you download the graphics driver from the Dell website? The nvidia-current driver from the default Ubuntu 12.04 repositories is version 304.88. To uninstall the Nvidia graphics driver follow the instructions in the answers to the question: How to uninstall manually installed Nvidia drivers?. To install the nvidia-current package open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current


Unknown monitor, intel driver, want to set VGA resolution to widescreen TV

From a Google+ discussion from Dean Wallace:

xrandr -q gives you list of modes and displays. The Sony is connected to VGA1 on my setup.

cvt 1360 768
outputs this

# 1360x768 59.80 Hz (CVT) hsync: 47.72 kHz; pclk: 84.75 MHz
Modeline "1360x768_60.00"   84.75  1360 1432 1568 1776  768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync

copy everything AFTER Modeline and paste to xrandr:

xrandr --newmode "1360x768_60.00"   84.75  1360 1432 1568 1776  768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA1 1360x768_60.00
xrandr --output VGA1 --mode 1360x768_60.00

now that should adjust your resolution, look in the monitors applet in system prefs, should be there, set it and apply...
if it doesnt keep after a reboot then add the commands to .xprofile in your home folder.
so add

xrandr --newmode "1360x768_60.00"   84.75  1360 1432 1568 1776  768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA1 1360x768_60.00
xrandr --output VGA1 --mode 1360x768_60.00

save/quit/reboot

(I have yet to save these for a reboot)


1) Yes you can do that via boot-repair.
2) You can do that as well, however I do recommend trying to fix the booting itself with boot-repair first.


You can use this bash function to reload the theme without reloading the shell, you can add it to your ~/.bashrc file.

function reload_gtk_theme() {
  theme=$(gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme)
  gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme ''
  sleep 1
  gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme $theme
}

To use it, run:

$ reload_gtk_theme


I checked my Hotmail account and it works. So it is something that have to do with the account settings. These are mine:

smtp.live.com
port 587
STARTTLS
Normal password
youremail@hotmail.com

Hope it helps.


How to fix CA cert issues with Curl in Ubuntu 14.04?

After researching and working on this over the last couple days I got it to work, and the answer ended up being rather simple.

I needed to set capath=/etc/ssl/certs/in my .curlrc file.

This got curl working on the command line. To further get curl to work in R (where I first encountered the problem) I also needed to have cacert=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt in my .curlrc file as tried before, otherwise it continued to look for /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

I still have no idea why I was seeing the error about self-signed certificates.

Based on some other random findings I also downloaded a certificate from the Curl website with:

sudo wget http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem

into the same certs directory. Having cafile pointed at this worked as well. In the end I put it back to ca-certificates.crt and it still works.

I don't understand exactly why this worked or what is going on, but it is resolved.


How to reinstall GRUB to a different boot drive

sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc

navigation throug TAB at least you get this window (of course with your drive names')

  ┌───────────────┤ Konfiguriere grub-pc ├───────────────┐
                                                            │ Geräte für die GRUB-Installation:                    │
                                                            │                                                      │
                                                            │    [*] /dev/sda (120034 MB; SanDisk_SDSSDA120G)      │
                                                            │    [ ] - /dev/sda1 (37580 MB; /)                     │
                                                            │    [ ] /dev/sdb (1000204 MB; WDC_WD10JPVX-22JC3T0)   │
                                                            │                                                      │
                                                            │                                                      │
                                                            │                        <Ok>                          │
                                                            │                                                      │
                                                            └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

there you can choose your desired  harddrive.


Where can I find alternative folder icons?

1) Open Nautilus

In Nautilus file browser, right click a folder icon, select Properties.

2) Edit Icon Settings

Under the Basic tab, click the icon image to open up the “Select Custom Icon” window.

3) Search for Icon Image

In the Location field, type /usr/share/icons, press Enter. (You can hide or unhide the Location field by clicking the Edit button on the top-left of the window.)

Watch this subfolder as well:
/usr/share/icons/Humanity/emblems/48/

4) Choose Icon Image

Browse and select an icon you want.

5) Save Changes

Click the Open button on the bottom-right of the window to confirm.

6) Close Properties window

Click the close button to close the properties window and finalize the new settings.

Also have a look at applications icons
/usr/share/app-install/icons/

You can alternatively download and set what you like, for example from here:

http://www.iconarchive.com/tag/ubuntu-folder

Here are some example icons can be downloaded:


The program findimagedupes should do what you request:

  Finds visually similar or duplicate images

The program is a simple perl program and can be started from the command line - but is also available as a software package.


Why do I have to add a PPA twice (once to add it to the list of repo, second time to fix a BAD GPG)

When you use the command line, you are the one expected to resolve issues around missing keys, or other warnings and errors.

When you instead use the Update Manager, is will attempt to hide (or resolve) many of the issues that might affect you.

Just choose whichever method you are more comfortable with ..

MORE TECHNICAL: Some application's sources (:PPA, wget http://, etc.) will give intermediary errors as you (variously): add a repository, update sources, download PGP keys, and/or resolve additional dependencies.  These are non-fatal errors, and may be reduced (or eliminated) by careful re-ordering of commands - although this is NOT technically required.


Is it possible to execute terminal commands using PHP?

you can use back-ticks, exec or system command to run terminal commands.

Here is the sample script which might help you

<?php

# back-ticks
$cpuinfo1=`lscpu`;
echo $cpuinfo1;
echo "\n===================\n";

#exec
echo "\n nproc details are here " . exec('nproc');
echo "\n===================\n";

#system
$cpuinfo2 = system('cat /proc/cpuinfo');
echo $cpuinfo2;

?>


The problem is that that ppa stops at Vivid(15.04), so it is not available for 16.04, the version that you are using.

You have to remove it from your system, otherwise it will break also your normal updates.


Something like this:

# --progress will show rsync progress in real time
rsync1 --progress source dest

read -p "Proceed? [N/y]: " PROCEED

# default response is "n"
PROCEED=${PROCEED:-"n"}

# convert the response to lower case to make it eiser to test
if [ "${PROCEED,,}" = 'y' ]; then
    echo "Proceeding..."
else
    echo "Stopping"
    # change to exit 0 if you don't want this to be an error condition
    exit 1
fi

rsync2 --progress source dest


How to change the background color on a Ubuntu terminal in WSL?

Open a terminal ctrl + alt + t

click Edit > Options in Menubar

click panel Colors

change colors

click Close

Changes should be permanent for all terminals.


Kubuntu 12.04: get rid of default background between login and desktop ready

Go to Splash Screen – KDE Control Module and select None.

The splash screen that is shown after logging in and before the desktop is ready won't be shown at all, instead the picture from the login screen will be used.


"media change: please insert the disc labeled" when trying to install Ruby on Rails

Just remove the cdrom entry from the sources.list file. This can be done easily:

sudo sed -i '/cdrom/d' /etc/apt/sources.list

This should take care of the problem. The message is because somehow you still have the cdrom entry in your sources.list file, you can check the content of the file using:

grep -v '#' /etc/apt/sources.list

This will show you all the repositories you have activated.


How to access phpMyAdmin after installation?

Did you try http://localhost/phpmyadmin?

Edit: Do this first

sudo -H gedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

add this line somewhere

Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf

and finally restart apache.

sudo service apache2 restart


Microsoft proxy server not working with CNTLM and apt-get

You put the username and password (in hashed form, preferably) in CNTLM's configuration file. Apt doesn't need to know your username and password.

Configuring cntlm can be a little finicky, you need to play around with "Auth" flags, until it works reliably. Here's a howto I wrote for users at my university.


Download Berkeley DB 18.1 from the official Oracle webpage. You will be required to create an Oracle Account in order to download this file.

Install
Berkeley DB 18.1.32.tar.gz by following the instructions at How do I install a .tar.gz (or .tar.bz2) file?.

./configure
make
sudo make install


Ubuntu 15.04 to 16.04 Migration (skip 15.10)

I did an upgrade from 15.04 last Christmas. The steps that worked for me were:

Open Settings.

Under Software & Updates select Updates then Notify me of new Ubuntu versions

Change the setting to For any new version

Close the Settings window.

Then open a terminal and run:

sudo do-release-upgrade -d


Ubuntu 17.04 - Where is file /etc/default/rcS?

Ubuntu 17.04+ is using systemd. To set your time to local run

timedatectl set-local-rtc 1 --adjust-system-clock

The /etc/default/rcS is for older Ubuntu releases that use upstart.


fatal error: netlink/genl/genl.h: No such file or directory during cross compile

If we talk about Ubuntu here, the needed header is located in libnl-3-dev package (full path will be /usr/include/libnl3/netlink/genl/genl.h).

On Ubuntu 16.04 LTS hostapd needs the following build-dependencies:

  android-headers android-headers-19 autotools-dev debhelper
  dh-strip-nondeterminism docbook docbook-dsssl docbook-to-man docbook-utils
  jadetex libdbus-1-dev libfile-stripnondeterminism-perl libncurses5-dev
  libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-dev libnl-route-3-200 libnl-route-3-dev libosp5
  libostyle1c2 libpcsclite-dev libpotrace0 libptexenc1 libqt4-designer
  libqt4-dev libqt4-dev-bin libqt4-help libqt4-qt3support libqt4-scripttools
  libqt4-svg libqt4-test libreadline-dev libreadline6-dev libsgmls-perl
  libsp1c2 libssl-dev libsynctex1 libtexlua52 libtexluajit2 libtinfo-dev
  libzzip-0-13 lynx lynx-common openjade po-debconf qt4-linguist-tools
  qt4-qmake sgml-data sgmlspl sp tex-common texlive-base texlive-binaries
  texlive-fonts-recommended texlive-generic-recommended texlive-latex-base
  texlive-latex-recommended tipa zlib1g-dev

You should adjust your build system to satisfy these dependencies.


In all Linux Distros, you have access to the information you want.

You can do the follow, reading the system log file, to get the information you want:

sudo tail -f /var/log/syslog

The result will be something like this:

Sep 27 13:36:50 Pluto NetworkManager[841]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 5 of 5 (IP Configure Commit) started...

Sep 27 13:36:50 Pluto avahi-daemon[845]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv4 with address 192.168.0.51.

Sep 27 13:36:50 Pluto avahi-daemon[845]: New relevant interface eth0.IPv4 for mDNS.

Sep 27 13:36:50 Pluto avahi-daemon[845]: Registering new address record for 192.168.0.51 on eth0.IPv4.

Sep 27 13:36:51 Pluto NetworkManager[841]: <info> (eth0): device state change: ip-config -> activated (reason 'none') [70 100 0]

Sep 27 13:36:52 Pluto NetworkManager[841]: <info> Policy set 'Wired connection 1' (eth0) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS.

Sep 27 13:36:52 Pluto NetworkManager[841]: <info> Activation (eth0) successful, device activated.

Sep 27 13:36:52 Pluto NetworkManager[841]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 5 of 5 (IP Configure Commit) complete.

Sep 27 13:36:52 Pluto NetworkManager[841]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 4 of 5 (IP4 Configure Get) complete.

Sep 27 13:37:00 Pluto ntpdate[2445]: adjust time server 91.189.94.4 offset -0.108144

To view the Log Files in a GUI:

Click on System -> Administration -> Log File Viewer, to launch the GUI log viewer tool.

NOTE: If you can't find the System Log Viewer, open Synaptic Package Manager, and install "gnome-system-log".


Ubuntu One refuses my 11 character login

Not a solution but you could try to change your password trough the web interface to a shorter one. If it works, at least you know where the problem is.


I had a really hard time getting a working install of Linux on my Macbook Pro 6.2 with a few versions not even getting to the "Try Ubuntu", others creeping a little further.

In the end, I managed to get a copy of Xubuntu 12.10 to run. But even while partitioning, I experienced errors. I had to avoid making a home partition and let the installer proceed then retro create a home partition.

For the partitioning and EFI boot this source was very useful:
EUFI Booting Ubuntu on a Mac.

For the sorting out my home partition this helped: How to create a separate home partition after installing Ubuntu.


I solved reading this discussion. Changing my fstab file from

/dev/sda3    /media/ntfs ntfs-3g silent,noatime,discard,umask=000,locale=it_IT.utf8 0 0

to

 /dev/sda3    /media/ntfs ntfs-3g exec,permissions,auto,silent,noatime,discard,umask=000,locale=it_IT.utf8 0 0

I added exec,permissions,auto


How to switch between Fuduntu to Ubuntu?

Please check out this official How To by Ubuntu to create a bootable USB drive on Windows:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

I don't know if you also have this option in Fuduntu but you could try to do it this way:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu

You can even do it on a Mac:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx

I hope this answers your question.


The package responsible for this screen called Plymouth. Following ways possible, from simple to hard:

Use another precreated Plymouth theme

There are plenty themes around, some in Ubuntu distribution:

https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/search/?q=plymouth-theme

And even more in Internet:

https://www.google.com/search?q=Plymouth+Themes

Install it and select with the command:

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth

Use GUI tool to create your own theme

Plymouth Manager ( install it from Launchpad: https://launchpad.net/plymouth-manager )

Manually create theme or redesign existing

Plymouth themes stored at /lib/plymouth/themes/. Copy any existing theme directory (eg. ubuntu-logo) as your theme template (eg. to your home directory), renaming directory to "mytheme" or name you like. Modify theme information file (ends with .plymouth ), color script (ends with .script ), graphic file, etc. the way you like.

Copy your theme to the right place:

sudo cp -R ~/mytheme /lib/plymouth/themes/

Install your new theme:

do update-alternatives --install /lib/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth default.plymouth /lib/plymouth/themes/mytheme/mytheme.plymouth 100

Select your theme as default:

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth

There's good article describing the process:

http://www.khattam.info/howto-change-ubuntu-pinkpurple-plymouth-boot-screen-to-any-color-you-like-2010-11-09.html


Your CNAME record for the subdomain at the DNS level is wrong and incorrect.  The CNAME currently returns as: https://domino.ideas.aha.io which is NOT a valid CNAME entry. (see the RFC1123 detailing hostnames, RFC2219 detailing the use of DNS aliases which are what CNAMEs are, and Wikipedia and DNSSimple's pages on CNAME syntax and details on CNAME records)

The CNAME record is supposed to be the domain only - not a URL, not an IP address, no scheme to define connection patterns - JUST the domain that this is being an 'alias' to for IP resolution.

Web browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, Edge / Internet Explorer, Opera, etc. all rely on the CNAME entries actually being DNS compliant, and this DNS entry is not.

(While modern dig and such are capable of doing the translations of this to the proper CNAME entry, CNAMEs are NOT HTTP/HTTPS redirects and MUST be compliant with the rules for CNAMEs, and browsers are not robust enough to actually process these kinds of mistakes in DNS record entries)

Wherever the DNS for your domain is hosted, you need to update your DNS to actually have the CNAME be domino.ideas.aha.io and not the URL you're targeting.

Below is the verbose dig @8.8.8.8 domino-ideas.hcltechsw.com. lookup results, showing the CNAME and such.  Note that dig is an ISC tool that is used to do DNS lookups and return DNS results, but most browsers will use the system's resolver functions which may not be as 'flexible' as dig is for resolving things.

$ dig @8.8.8.8 domino-ideas.hcltechsw.com.

; <<>> DiG 9.11.3-1ubuntu1.9-Ubuntu <<>> @8.8.8.8 domino-ideas.hcltechsw.com.
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 9549
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;domino-ideas.hcltechsw.com.    IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
domino-ideas.hcltechsw.com. 299 IN  CNAME   https://domino.ideas.aha.io.
https://domino.ideas.aha.io. 3599 IN    A   35.171.201.123

;; Query time: 61 msec
;; SERVER: 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8)
;; WHEN: Mon Oct 28 10:29:26 EDT 2019
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 112


ssh from ubuntu into another ubuntu using private key

You can use -i option of ssh to specify your private key

ssh -i private_key.ppk user@server


WD My Passport, Read Only on Gnome but not on Unity

From the comments...

I'd connect the Passport to your Windows 10 machine at work, open an administrative command prompt window and type chkdsk /f d: changing the "d" to the correct drive letter, and see if that finds/fixes any problems.

Lastly, I'd propose that you consider a NTFS partition, instead of FAT32.

Update:

Reinitialized the drive as NTFS and all is well.


Remove ndiswrapper and all settings related to that.

Download linux driver from the official site for your product (most likely RT3090PciE)

Assuming you saved it to Downloads directory, follow the commands to compile it

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential

cd Downloads

tar -xaf <DOWNLOADED_FILE_NAME>.tar.bz2

cd <DOWNLOADED_FILE_NAME>

WPA1=HAS_WPA_SUPPLICANT

WPA2=HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT

sed -i -e "s/$WPA1=n/$WPA1=y/g" -e "s/$WPA2=n/$WPA2=y/g" os/linux/config.mk

sudo make && sudo make install && sudo make clean


sudo su
echo "blacklist peaq_wmi" >> /etc/modprobe.d/50-blacklist.conf

after which you must restsart.

Key repeating doesn't work in 17.10


input source menu icon missing and ibus language switching not working 15.04

Remove the ibus-deamon item in Startup Applications.
Open Language Support, and select IBus as the "Keyboard input method system".
Log out and log in again.

Now the input source indicator should be visible in the menu bar, and the m17n options available in Text Entry.


How can I add Ubuntu to the Windows EFI bootloader?

Simply said: You can't.

GRUB 2 is compatible with Windows.
The Windows boot loader is only compatible with... well... Windows!


how to insert a path front of path environment variable

The order you give is the order you get: export PATH=.:$PATH (the trailing / is optional).

But be aware that it's not recommended practice.


Looks like you can change the text without installing new themes:

sudo nano /etc/alternatives/text.plymouth

Then you can change the title within that file to anything you want.


Local menu of unity is a replacement for title menu of windows.


Is data recovery possible in Ubuntu 13.04?

You can try TestDisk.

  TestDisk is powerful free data recovery software! It was primarily
  designed to help recover lost partitions and/or make non-booting disks
  bootable again when these symptoms are caused by faulty software,
  certain types of viruses or human error (such as accidentally deleting
  a Partition Table). Partition table recovery using TestDisk is really
  easy.

To install, visit the Website, or click TestDisk .

Also take a look at Data Recovery it may be of help.

Source:TestDisk


Why does webapps open another browser icon?

This is by design. It makes another icon so that you can easily go to the webapp. It opens another window because it has to have the webpage open in order to work. If you manually open a tab on the webpage of the app it should make an icon that takes you directly to that tab.


Grub2 attempting to boot hd1 when it should boot hd0

You are experiencing bug 384633.  By editing the disk number in the grub boot command (which you may do at the grub prompt) run

sudo update-grub

to fix the disk numbering.


you can try installing DISK Utility from :https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/precise/gnome-disk-utility/
.Then open Disk-> select the usb device ->go to the gear icon and turn auto mount option on.


Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or loose data.
Keep these things in mind:

always start the entire procedure with issuing a swapoff on any mounted swap partitions, and end the entire procedure with issuing a swapon on that same swap partition

a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor

a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor

if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)

you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower part of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...
Note: if the procedure doesn't work exactly as I outline, STOP immediately and DO NOT continue.

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted
right-click on /dev/sda2 and select resize
resize the right side of /dev/sda2 as far left as you wish to create unallocated space
click the Apply checkmark icon
reboot the computer


Scope problem? - variable declaration is lost when don from within a sourced block, inside a bash function

You need to use declare -g to make the variable global. help declare says:

When used in a function, declare makes NAMEs local, as with the local
command.  The -g option suppresses this behavior.


Is it possible for Ubuntu to talk to a Windows 7 Homegroup?

Info from this UbuntuForums thread (and this one, too!)

Samba (the network protocol used in Ubuntu) was designed to communicate with the CIFS protocol used in earlier versions of Windows. HomeGroup in Windows 7 uses a whole new protocol. So, it is NOT possible.


Software Center doesn't work after installing Python 3.4.3

This is not the case, because as of https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Python/3

  /usr/bin/python and /usr/bin/python2 will point to Python 2.7 and
  /usr/bin/python3 will point to the latest supported Python 3 version.

$ grep -nH python /usr/bin/software-center
/usr/bin/software-center:1:#! /usr/bin/python

$ /usr/bin/python --version
Python 2.7.10

Plese check your output of /usr/bin/python --version


VMWare passthrough of Adaptec RAID 6405 on client Ubuntu 14.04

Ah, we found it: The Adaptec RAID BIOS was outdated, which resulted in Ubuntu 14.04 not recognizing it. We updated it and now the controller and its harddisks are recognized on installation of Ubuntu already :)


You must enable IBus..  From there there is an Urdu virtual keybooard available ...
You can very simply switch from the English keyboard and fonts, to the Urdu keyboard and fonts .. You can choose your own shortcut key for this.

IBus Preferences can be found in the Main Menu.. System.. Preferences

eg. Urdu script: ااپ کایسع ھہ
or Devanagari: आप कैसे हो

It is very easy to switch from one language's script to another..  The Urdu keyboard entry is based on the phonetic sounds (so is the Hindi/Devanagari).. I don't know if I got the Urdu right, but I've typed the same keys as for the Hindi... and I think for this case is would be about the same ...


Where does the Samba workgroup come from when Samba is not running?

Your workground name comes from the NetBIOS Name server which is running on your Ubuntu machines. It's shipped with Samba.

You can change the workgroup name in samba configuration /etc/samba/smb.conf and then restart the NetBIOS server using init:

sudo service nmbd restart

You can also remove this service from running, but check the Samba documentation about what it does and if you need it:

http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/manpages-3/nmbd.8.html


[SOLVED]
OK so I solved the problem: The resolution is to go into the panel prefs, then add "desktop pager."  Select the position where you want it and voila! she is solved.


Automatically change Terminal colors on remote connection?

Srigelsford from the Ubuntu forums recommends this:

  I created several profiles in
  gnome-terminal with the settings I
  wanted, then created aliases like the
  below example to ssh to ares. The Ares
  profile has a red background.

alias -p ares='gnome-terminal --window-with-profile=Ares -x bash -c "ssh ares"; exit'

  The pitfall of this is that it cannot
  be done in your existing terminal
  window, it launches another. My alias
  closes the existing one after
  launching the new one, but you can
  stop that by removing the ; exit from
  the end.

  Just create as many profiles as you
  like, and associate each server to a
  profile in an alias. To launch just
  type the name of the alias $ares


Using Gnome-Terminal would like to execute program

Out of curiosity, why do you not write a shell script that changes the directory to the directory its located at, then does the command?  And execute that shell script from your home directory or something?

Sorta like this (with this being stored in a file, such as execute-foremost.sh, set to be executable, and stored wherever):

  #!/bin/bash/usr/local/bin/foremost -h

That should accomplish the same thing, assuming you execute the script from the command line.  Although the title might not be what you want it to be, it'll get most of what you need done.

EDIT
I've edited the script to use the path to foremost rather than changing directories to the location that foremost is stored in.  This should then spit you back out to wherever you stored the shell script.


How to transfer space from SWAP partition to Ubuntu Filesystem partition?

Turn off current swap
sudo swapoff -a
Edit /etc/fstab
sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab
Comment out a line that looks similar to this (put a # at the beginning of the line):
UUID=52a6f33f-f94e-4b4d-8b8f-1d31b491c889  none  swap       sw       0       0

Add this line at the end of the file:
/swapfile    none    swap    sw      0   0

Save the file.
Create a new /swapfile
Note: Incorrect use of the dd command can cause data loss. Suggest copy/paste.
sudo swapoff -a           # turn off swap
sudo rm -i /swapfile      # remove old /swapfile

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile  # set proper file protections
sudo mkswap /swapfile     # init /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile     # turn on swap
free -h                   # confirm 16G RAM and 4G swap

Confirm this line in /etc/fstab... and confirm other “swap” lines are commented out...
/swapfile    none    swap    sw      0   0

reboot                    # reboot and verify operation

Edit partitions
Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or lose data.
Keep these things in mind:

always start the entire procedure with issuing a swapoff on any mounted swap partitions, and end the entire procedure with issuing a swapon on that same swap partition

a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor

a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor

if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)

you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower pane of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...
Note: if the procedure doesn't work exactly as I outline, STOP immediately and DO NOT continue.

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB, in “Try Ubuntu” mode
start gparted
swapoff on partition /dev/nvme0n1p9
delete partition /dev/nvme0n1p9
resize the right side of partition /dev/nvme0n1p8 all the way right
click the Apply icon


Show sys module parameter_names and values

One approach is to simply loop through the files and print each file's name, a colon, and its contents.
#!/bin/sh

cd /sys/class/net/"${1:?no interface name given}" || exit 1

for f in *; do
    if [ -f "$f" ]; then
        printf '%s:' "$f"
        cat -- "$f"
    fi
done

If you name that script nic-params, you can mark it as executable with chmod +x nic-params and run it as
./nic-params interface
where interface is the name of the interface (such as wlp2s0).

Any arguments after the first ($1) are ignored. If you forget to pass an argument, you get
./nic-params: 3: ./nic-params: 1: no interface name given

and the script exits. The special :? form of parameter expansion achieves that.
If you pass an argument that doesn't name a network interface, there is typically no directory by that name. Then you get
./nic-params: 3: cd: can't cd to /sys/class/net/argument
and the script exits reporting failure, due to || exit 1.
Otherwise you get a list of properties (filename) and values (contents). It looks like this, but with many more lines:

addr_assign_type:0
addr_len:6
address:00:0c:29:be:ad:53
broadcast:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
carrier:1
carrier_changes:2
carrier_down_count:1
carrier_up_count:1
dev_id:0x0

Note that some lines will have : characters in them other than as a separator between a file's name and contents. If you find this confusing, you may want to use some delimiter other than : in the script.
Subdirectories, such as queues, power, and statistics, are not examined.
Some of the lines will contain error messages. That's because not all properties are meaningful for all kinds of interfaces. For example, duplex is only meaningful for Ethernet interfaces; otherwise, you get:
duplex:cat: duplex: Invalid argument

If you're processing the output, and sending standard output and standard error to multiple places, you may want to print an extra newline to standard output when cat fails (since the newline you do get is actually sent to standard error). To do this, change
        cat -- "$f"

to:
        cat -- "$f" || printf '\n'

But for just running the script in a terminal and inspecting the output, I think you'd prefer the script as shown above.


Do you have any forms migrated?

According to the FAQ:

  Q4.1: Is reading/writing of Microsoft Access .mdb/.mde files available? If so, how feature-rich is this module?

  A4.1: Currently, importing table schemas and data is supported using import driver (MS Access data types are carefully mapped to Kexi data types) from .mdb/.mde files. Importing queries, forms, reports and web pages is not yet supported.

So I think not.

Most Access programs contain forms and logic besides database data. Usually opening an Access „program” loads the database and opens automatically a form, so the user can manipulate/query data without dealing with the database structure. (This automatic form refers to your brother's first answer.)

I don't know how accurate is the above information, the Access support might have changed since then.

You can still try to run an old version of Access with Wine or inside a virtual machine (eg. VirtualBox).


Self-hosted, open-source web client for own mail and calendar servers

I use Nextcloud, and host it on a shared hosting service (Dreamhost). I don't use it for email, but there is a mail integration you can install:
https://github.com/nextcloud/mail


I'm wondering whether this thread has relevance to the issue you're experiencing: Ubuntu 19.04 freezes on writing to disk SSD

I posted a version of this answer there too. I think I was having the same problem as you, or a very similar one. Here were some things I noticed:

Freezing tended to get worse (system would hang for longer) after it had been running for a while
Commonly would hang for several seconds on resuming from suspend, saving a downloaded file to my desktop in Firefox, closing a file selection dialog (for example, to upload an email attachment or open a document) -- and would hang regardless of whether I actually opted to access a file or cancel the dialog
After a day of simple web work and a few suspend/resume cycles, my system would feel sluggish in ways not at all justified by my hardware (brand new system, SSD, 8th gen i7, 16 GB RAM, this should not be bogged down by word processing and Gmail)
Problem was totally nonexistent prior to upgrading to 19.04 from 18.10

I have now upgraded to 19.10 and the problem is less apparent. Immediately after upgrade, the hang reduced to less than a second instead of several seconds -- my system still did seem to hang slightly, but not in a way that I minded so much.

HOWEVER, I also tend to keep a lot of files on my desktop -- we're talking at least 60-200 at any given time. Many of them are small, but some are quite large (a Linux ISO, for example). On a hunch, I cleaned all these files off of my desktop, and the hang totally seems to have disappeared now. I would imagine that, even under 19.04, cleaning my desktop would have helped with this issue, at least a little bit, but I'm not about to revert to test this hypothesis.

I'm curious whether upgrading to 19.10 and/or cleaning the desktop has helped anyone else with similar issues.


Synchronet at http://synchro.net
Mystic BBS at http://mysticbbs.com

There are others, but those are probably the two best for now.


Which kernel to use for server VM running on ESX

Let's try to explain the main differences between the kernels that you listed:

linux-generic: This is the normal Ubuntu kernel. The one that the distro uses as default.
linux-generic-pae: This is the generic kernel with PAE enabled. It will let you use 4 Gb of RAM or more in a 32bit system. You don't want it if your using 64 bits or if you have less than 4Gb of RAM, as it has a small performance penalty.
linux-server: This is a kernel optimised for server use. This article has good info on the most important changes. They are over 50 configuration options changed. A gross approximation will be that this kernel will favor long background processes over interactive ones. It will not hesitate to freeze your mouse to give more power to your database number crunching or a file-write.
linux-virtual: This is the server kernel, with most drivers stripped. It only has the drivers needed to run as a guest in the most popular virtual machines like KVM, Xen, and VMWare. Source.

So there is no clear answer to your question, it all depends on the use of the virtual machines. If they are going to be traditional servers (not terminal servers) and you are never going to move them to real hardware, linux-virtual seems the best option.


while youtube video selected to play it shows me that Div:is error

I hope this error of your's doesn't exist while browsing in safe mode. I guess the only solution to the problem is that you have to disable the YouTube MP3 Downloadhelper plugin or any other Downloader Plugin that you have installed. This error is caused by the addon. Or else well update shockwave player.


How can I create a backup file. iso like Edubuntu?

You can use a program called Remastersys ive used it several times and works like a champ.
You can back up an entire system, including user data, to an installable Live CD/DVD
or Create a customized Live CD/DVD (a remaster) of Debian or Ubuntu and its derivatives.

http://www.remastersys.com


Nvidia/Intel graphics card driver questions

My (older) Dell Precision m4300 runs on the hot side. (windows 7 as well as Linux Mint 17.1...same as Ubuntu (14?) using nouveau driver. As soon as I installed nvidia driver as per driver management, in Linux ...lo and behold the temperature shown by the sensor applet now runs cooler! (by as much as 20 deg C!).staying now in the 40's and low 50's. Prior to installing nvidia driver I installed i8kutils hich improved things also, but not as much as installing the nvidia driver.


How to use Google Authenticator with OpenVPN server on Ubuntu 12.04

Ok, Google is my friend.

I did this:

# apt-get purge libpam-google-authenticator
# download https://code.google.com/p/google-authenticator/downloads/list
# apt-get install libpam-dev

Add this to Makefile, right after the license:

LDFLAGS="-lpam"

Then

# make
# make install
# service openvpn restart

Also, make sure /home/username/.google_authenticator has no rights at all except read rights for the user that's going to use it.

Now I need to enter my username that's my local username on the server (my shell account) as my OpenVPN username and the Google Authenticator 6-digit code as the password.

Now it works.

Thank you all for your time :)

(How can I mark this post as solved? Do I just edit the topic title?)


How to open the display settings in command line?

The command would be:

gnome-control-center display

You can use tab completion with gnome-control-center to see a list of available panels:

$ gnome-control-center
background        keyboard          printers          ubuntu
bluetooth         mouse             privacy           universal-access
color             network           region            user-accounts
datetime          notifications     removable-media   --verbose
default-apps      online-accounts   search            --version
display           --overview        sharing           wacom
info-overview     power             sound             wifi


There's a fix posted here. It seems to have done the trick for me, but I'm not 100% sure it's the same problem for you. This is a problem with Flash and its hardware acceleration, not YouTube itself.

In case the above site is unavailable, here's the fix:

sudo mkdir /etc/adobe
echo "OverrideGPUValidation = 1" | sudo tee -a /etc/adobe/mms.cfg


I'm afraid if you have written over your data disk it is unlikely that you will be able to recover your lost data. There is a wealth of knowledge about data recovery here.


Import "prompts" in quickly (Simple Player tutorial)

Install the package python-quickly.widgets but be careful since it is experimental and there are bugs.

Then run from quickly import prompts like you did before in a Python script.


How can I prevent certain directories/files from appearing in Unity's dash?

I think I finally found an appropriate solution:
It seems that my mistake was to completely delete the directory ~/.local/share/zeitgeist/ , I of course also deleted my blacklist this way! Now I tested to delete all files in the directory except the blacklist file, and it finally works the way I want. Thanks alot!