After installing Ubuntu, Windows is booting directly! Grub menu not shown

here is what i would suggest per what you posted:
open gparted and create a /boot partition greater than 200MB at the beginning of sda
or
reinstall ubuntu and do it during the drive partitioning stage. towards the end of the installation make sure that grub is installed to the master boot record.
here are two links that may help you further
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DiskSpace#BIOS-Boot_or_EFI_partition_.28required_on_GPT_disks.29
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/UEFI-and-BIOS/stable-alternative#Create_a_partition_table


I can only boot in recovery mode and can't get into my desktop. Is there a way to reset to original installation?

i suggest you to reinstall the distro to the same partitions, so will be an clean install of it.
What distro you're using? If an old pc i suggest you try Xubuntu for more compatibility with older hardware. Let me know :)


How to permanently disable TSO & GSO in Ubuntu 18.04

It should be possible to do this directly in systemd.

Netplan (per its documentation, which you linked to) renders the yaml config you feed it into config files which it then feeds to whatever underlying engine, which may be NetworkManager or systemd-networkd.  It puts these files into the appropriate /run directory.

The systemd-link man page has a directive for TCPSegmentationOffload, and one for GenericSegmentationOffload.

Systemd considers files in /etc/ to have the highest priority (higher than /run/) so what should work is placing a .link unit file in /etc/systemd/network/, perhaps called 01-tso-and-gso.link, with the following contents:

[Match]
# Set a match condition appropriate for your use case
Name=*

[Link]
TCPSegmentationOffload=false
GenericSegmentationOffload=false

I haven't tested this; I don't have an easy way to test it; but I've been reading a lot of systemd documentation recently and I'm pretty sure this is what you need.  Please let me know whether it works for you.


Mysterious image on first boot lock screen

your situation is similar to this post Two different login screens on Ubuntu 18.10!
but instead of plain css file, it is using gresource file..
If you want to change the background keeping the Flat-Remix-Blue theme as it is, you need to manually extract the Flat-Remix-Blue's gresource file, edit the background as you wish and compile it back..
you can go through this post to understand the manual way How do I change login screen theme or background in Ubuntu 20.04?

I have gone through the source code of flat-remix https://drasite.com/flat-remix-gnome
The better way is to reinstall the package again after replacing the background image from source and making the blur value to suitable value..

git clone https://github.com/daniruiz/flat-remix-gnome
cd flat-remix-gnome make && sudo make install

PKGNAME = flat-remix-gnome
MAINTAINER = Daniel Ruiz de Alegría <daniel@drasite.com>
PREFIX ?= /usr
THEMES ?= $(patsubst %/index.theme,%,$(wildcard */index.theme))
BASE_THEME ?= Flat-Remix-Blue
BLUR ?= 6
IS_UBUNTU ?= $(shell echo "$$(lsb_release -si 2> /dev/null)" | grep -q 'Ubuntu\|Pop' && echo true)


I can't select mailboxes in geary 0.11.3. Only the first inbox is active

Does making the folder list a bit wider (by dragging the spacer between it and the conversation list) help at all?


Which Ubuntu package provides the pypi future package?

__future__ belongs to the Python standard library as provided by the libpython2.7-minimal package:

$ dpkg -S  /usr/lib/python2.7/__future__.py
libpython2.7-minimal:amd64: /usr/lib/python2.7/__future__.py

It should already be installed on any version of Ubuntu. In older versions, it would be provided by python2.7-minimal, but still present anyway.


Enable touchpad from command line Ubuntu 18.04

This works for me

synclient Touchpadoff=0

Here is an answer with a bash script


PHP scripts are being downloaded from localhost instead of displayed

This actually isn't anything wrong with the browser, per se. As I suspect, you created a php file - went to run it form the browser and it downloaded. So you went off, installed php5 and mod_php5 (and various other php packages) then tried again and it failed, again, but now http://127.0.0.1 works! This is simply a caching issue. Chrome remembers that the last time it accessed that php file it was downloaded - so it'll keep doing that until the browsers cache is dumped.

Clear Chrome's cache and you should be good to go!


Will it be possible to develop ubuntu phone apps on ubuntu phones?

Full convergence is not yet implemented, and even when it is, many things still will not be entirely feasible on commodity phone hardware, simply due to available resources. When that convergence story is complete, it may be possible to install the SDK directly on the phone, but depending on the hardware you have, it may not actually be feasible to use it; just as it is currently not entirely feasible to use many of the applications on an Ubuntu PC, on extremely low end, or older, hardware.

That said, you can create a chroot install of Ubuntu in the home directory of the phone, and install all the console tools needed to develop and build an application. Running graphical tools such as the full SDK may still be problematic though, but may be possible by forwarding a connection to an X display server over ssh.


How to change the border-radius in the below image? Mantra Theme

Workaround

I have chosen 48px as the border-radius for the below workaround. you may change this value according to your needs.

Edit the file ..../themes/Mantra/gtk-3.22/gtk.css

look for the below content:

/***********
 * Dialogs *
 ***********/
messagedialog.background {
  background-color: #FAFAFA;
}

messagedialog .titlebar {
  min-height: 24px;
  border-style: none;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  background-color: #FAFAFA;
  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87);
}

messagedialog .titlebar:backdrop {
  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);
}

messagedialog.csd.background {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 2px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 2px;
}

messagedialog.csd .dialog-action-area button {
  padding: 8px 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  border-radius: 0;
}

messagedialog.csd .dialog-action-area button:first-child {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 2px;
}

messagedialog.csd .dialog-action-area button:last-child {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 2px;
}

and edit it like below:

/***********
 * Dialogs *
 ***********/
messagedialog.background {
  background-color: #FAFAFA;
border-radius: 0 0 48px 48px;
}

messagedialog .titlebar, messagedialog.csd .titlebar {
  min-height: 48px;
  border-style: none;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  background-color: #FAFAFA;
  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87);
border-radius: 48px 48px 0 0;
}

messagedialog .titlebar:backdrop {
  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);
}

messagedialog.csd .dialog-action-area button {
  padding: 8px 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  border-radius: 0;
}

messagedialog.csd .dialog-action-area button:first-child {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 2px;
}

messagedialog.csd .dialog-action-area button:last-child {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 2px;
}

Then go to line number around 3739 and find below content:

messagedialog.csd decoration {
  border-radius: 2px;
}

Change 2px to 48px as I have chosen this size as border-radius.. you have to put as per your liking.


I am not sure which linux distro you use, but I am on 16.04 and the below works perfectly for Ubuntu 16.04
Steps:
cd to Downloads and then clone this repo using:
git clone https://github.com/quickreflex/rtl8188eus
Then
cd rtl8188eus
nano Makefile

Scroll down to the line that says
export TopDIR ?= $(srctree)/drivers/net/wireless/rtl8188eus

For me it is on the 151st line, it might not be the same for you.
Change the line to:
export TopDIR ?= $ ~/Downloads/rtl8188eus
Then do:
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe 8188eus

You might have to restart to get the wireless working.


Lenovo IdeaPad 100s grub installation failed and disk disappeared

I have the same laptop (ideapad 100s) and I recently installed Linux Mint 18 on it.

I dont know what went wrong with your installation (where you trying to install a 32bit version of ubuntu?, the BIOS is 32bit but CPU 64bit as you probably know), but I will post here what worked for me, It might help you.

So, I made a live usb with mint 18 64bit and I copied bootia32.efi to the EFI/BOOT/ directory on the USB drive. bootia32.efi

Reboot, and install as usual. At the end of the installation the same error will pop up, telling that grub has failed to install (it tried to install a 64bit grub2).

Next, use the 'blkid' command to find the PARTUUID of the partition where you installed linux, you will need it later. Shut down and reboot with the live usb. When shown the grub prompt press 'c'. This will bring you to the grub2 command line.

There, you will have to type:

set root=(hd?,?)
linux /boot/vmlinuz??? root=PARTUUID=<output of blkid>
initrd /boot/init???
boot

Where you'll have to find out where your root is, tab autocomplete is your friend. If you fill in the gaps succesfully, you'll boot with the linux installed in the HDD. There, you will have to install grub 32 bit:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-efi-ia32
sudo update-grub2

At this point you should be able to reboot normally.

To get the wifi working I followed the exact same steps as you.

I found that the laptop froze quite often due to the bay trail c-states issue: bugzilla. To adress it, you will have to edit the grub config file and add intel_idle.max_cstate=1 to the line starting with:
linux /boot/vmlinuz...

I still cant get the sound working though. The battery always shows at 100%.


Perfect forward secrecy in Ubuntu 14.04 default installation

No. But that is because this is not up to Ubuntu to support or enable. It is up to the respective software to support this.e

You need to have the following lines in your configuration for ...

Apache

SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
SSLHonorCipherOrder on
SSLCipherSuite "EECDH+ECDSA+AESGCM EECDH+aRSA+AESGCM EECDH+ECDSA+SHA384 \
EECDH+ECDSA+SHA256 EECDH+aRSA+SHA384 EECDH+aRSA+SHA256 EECDH+aRSA+RC4 \
EECDH EDH+aRSA RC4 !aNULL !eNULL !LOW !3DES !MD5 !EXP !PSK !SRP !DSS"

Nginx

ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_ciphers "EECDH+ECDSA+AESGCM EECDH+aRSA+AESGCM EECDH+ECDSA+SHA384 \
EECDH+ECDSA+SHA256 EECDH+aRSA+SHA384 EECDH+aRSA+SHA256 EECDH+aRSA+RC4 \
EECDH EDH+aRSA RC4 !aNULL !eNULL !LOW !3DES !MD5 !EXP !PSK !SRP !DSS";

Dovecot

ssl_cipher_list = EECDH+ECDSA+AESGCM:EECDH+aRSA+AESGCM:EECDH+ECDSA+SHA384:EECDH+ECDSA+SHA256:EECDH+aRSA+SHA384:EECDH+aRSA+SHA256:EECDH+aRSA+RC4:EECDH:EDH+aRSA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!LOW:!3DES:!MD5:!EXP:!PSK:!SRP:!DSS:!RC4
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = yes

Postfix

#the dh params
smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file = /etc/postfix/dh_1024.pem
smtpd_tls_dh512_param_file = /etc/postfix/dh_512.pem
#enable ECDH
smtpd_tls_eecdh_grade = strong
#enabled SSL protocols, don't allow SSLv2
smtpd_tls_protocols= !SSLv2
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols= !SSLv2
#allowed ciphers for smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = high
#allowed ciphers for smtpd_tls_security_level=may
#smtpd_tls_ciphers = high
#enforce the server cipher preference
tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes
#disable following ciphers for smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
smtpd_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers = aNULL, MD5 , DES, ADH, RC4, PSD, SRP, 3DES, eNULL
#disable following ciphers for smtpd_tls_security_level=may
#smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers = aNULL, MD5 , DES, ADH, RC4, PSD, SRP, 3DES, eNULL
#enable TLS logging to see the ciphers for inbound connections
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
#enable TLS logging to see the ciphers for outbound connections
smtp_tls_loglevel = 1

There are some system requirements and other configuration settings. More at the 2 links:

Source #1
source #2


Thinkpad X61 (4965agn) wireless not working

Have you tried  How do I get my Lenovo T61 to connect to a wireless network?    ?
After I did this, my connection is stable and 54Mb/s

EPA


virtualbox not showing up in applications after installing package

You have just installed the Virtualbox base binary. You need to install virtualbox-qt to open it up.
Just

sudo apt install virtualbox-qt=5.2.18-dfsg-2~ubuntu18.04.1

is enough.


Why does Ubuntu 12.04 Unity suddenly blur text and images?

I had a similar issue, on a colleagues laptop. I even removed compiz (apt-get remove compiz). The bug was still apparent in unity (flickkering, appear/reappear background) no blurry screens since no text because after login nothing started: no toolbars, no icons, no menus. After an "apt-get purge compiz" and a reboot, Unity behaved normal again.

I have no idea what was true cause or solution. I didn't even need to re-install compiz or unity.


You are using &> for redirecting both STDOUT and STDERR, which is a bashism. As the default shell for cron (not the same thing as your scripts shebang) is sh (which is dash in Ubuntu), it does not understand &> syntax. As a result it is treating the & to put the shell script as a background job.

To overcome this, use the portable way of redirection :

*/1 * * * * /home/rommy/spam_monitor.sh >/home/rommy/cronresults.txt 2>&1


Is there any simple small app for SQL coding on Ubuntu?

Back in the day I thought databases with SquirrelSQL and the students did not complain. It is a Java programme, so all you need is to download the jar file and run it.

Naturally, you need some DBMS to practice, in this regard I recommend Firebird. It is available from the official repositories, you can install it directly with apt:

sudo apt install firebird2.5-classic

Follow on the Ubuntu Wiki on Firebird for the examples and the first steps interacting with Firebird.


Skype 4.2.0.11 Crashes on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64bit During Video Call After Receiving IM

If you still have the problem, you should try this one:
http://community.skype.com/t5/Linux/4-2-0-11-1-for-linux-crashes-when-answering-calls/td-p/1655001 - worked for me


How to make everything run as root in ubuntu?

First enable the root account by setting a password:

sudo passwd

Then enable manual login in LightDM (assuming 14.04):

sudo tee /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-allow-manual.conf <<EOF
[SeatDefaults]
greeter-show-manual-login=true
EOF

Restart LightDM:

sudo service lightdm restart

Login as root. You'll have to type both username and password. To enable autologin for root:

sudo tee /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/51-auto-root.conf <<EOF
[SeatDefaults]
autologin-user=root
autologin-user-timeout=0
user-session=ubuntu
greeter-session=unity-greeter
EOF
service lightdm restart


Dell inspiron 3537 keyboard and touchpad

I fixed this with a boot parameter:

sudoedit /etc/default/grub

Change the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to include i8042.noaux so it looks like

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash i8042.noaux"

then run

sudo update-grub

Reboot and keyboard works.

Now only touchpad is the issue...


Remove array of entries from another array

First of all, if you want to do this for 700,000 iterations, you really should look into something other than bash. Also, what you show is not an array in bash, it's a string1. Arrays are separated by spaces, not commas.

That said, here's a bash way, assuming true arrays:

a=(1 2 3 4 5)
b=(2 4)
c=( $(printf "%s\n" "${a[@]}" "${b[@]}" | sort | uniq -u) )

If you actually have comma-separated strings and not arrays, use this instead:

a=(1,2,3,4,5)
b=(2,4)
c=( $(sed 's/,/\n/g' <(printf "%s\n" "${a[@]}" "${b[@]}") | sort | uniq -u) )

Alternatively, you could use perl instead:

#!/usr/bin/perl
my @A=(1,2,3,4,5);
my @B=(2,4);
my %k;
map{$k{$_}++} (@A,@B);
my @C=grep($k{$_}==1,keys(%k));
print "@C\n";

1Strictly speaking, it's an array with one element but that is essentially the same as a string as far as bash is concerned.


You should add the directory path containing your library into the LD_PATH variable of your environment.


Apart from changing into a narrow scope mic, there is nothing much you can do, this factor depends on the design of the microphone and not Skype.


Transfer the ISO that you have download, and placed on the USB stick, to the Downloads directory on the 12.10 machine.

Now, when you open up the Startup Disk Creator from the 12.10 machine, the image (iso) will be in the top box. (Downloads is the default directory, other is for other directories) The USB stick should be in the lower box.  Erase Disk

When it's done deleting everything on the stick.... Make Startup Disk and then boot the stick.

Just like the USB stick, unless you have made other preparations all data on the 12.10 machine will be lost as well.

With regards to what to read; read everything.  I find a "problem based" strategy the best.  When you have a problem, search for a solution and encompass enough information so you know it should work or at minimum not aggravate the situation.


Convert backup bookmarks (html file) to a folder that contains "URL files" for every bookmark

You can have the following approach:

Parse bookmarks.html to

keep lines containting HREF
keep in these lines only what is in HREF="..."

With these strings

remove protocol and slash (/)
fill a template file with the good name

Enter the following code in your favorite editor:

#! /bin/bash

sites=$(sed '/HREF/!d' < $1 | sed 's/.*HREF="\([^ "]*\).*/\1/')

for site in $sites
do
    file=$(echo $site | sed 's/https*:\/\///' | sed 's/\/.*//')

    cat << EOF > $file
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=$site" />
    </head>
    </html>
    EOF

done

Save it as extract.sh
In a terminal, make it executable chmod +x extract.sh
Use it: ./extract.sh /path/to/bookmark.html


Can the update manager download only a single package at a time?

You have two options here.

The Queue-Mode configuration option

The default, "host", creates one outgoing connection for each host. If you set it to "access" it will create one connection per URI type (which I understand to mean, one for http, one for ftp, and so on - since most connections are http, this means it'll access each server sequentially).

One way to do this that will also apply to update-manager is to:

echo 'Acquire::Queue-Mode "access";' >/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/75download

if you want to try it with apt-get once to see if it helps:

apt-get -o Acquire::Queue-mode=access update

The Acquire::http::Dl-Limit option

This is similarly to reduce the bandwidth used to something your connection can handle (and as per the manpage, "this option implicit deactivates the download from multiple servers at the same time").

echo 'Acquire::http::Dl-Limit "70";' >/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/75download

or

apt-get -o Acquire::http::Dl-Limit=70 update


This is actually by design, Optimus laptops are currently not supported by the driver "as is" and will after installation break your desktop (unless you use Bumblebee).

This "bug" is reported at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/jockey/+bug/983202

You may still manually install the driver by installing the nvidia-current package, but it's not recommended. Instead, I suggest you to install Bumblebee which will take care of pulling the driver and configuring it to not break the desktop.


Ubuntu WILL NOT boot, no matter what i do. Need help!

What if you create your Ubuntu LiveUSB using this: http://www.pendrivelinux.com/universal-usb-installer-easy-as-1-2-3/

I've personally had problems with UnetBootin...

Universal USB Installer automatically formats your USB...


Step 0: learn to touch type. Seriously - if your fingers don't know where the keys are then vim is going to be a pain. And even if you reject vim, touch typing will improve your programming (ask Steve Yegge) by making the mind to monitor link friction free. There is a lot of software that can help you improve your typing.

Step 1: Use the keyboard preferences to swap Caps Lock and Escape - seriously, how often do you use Caps Lock? Using vim you will be using Escape all the time, and having it available on the home row makes a huge difference. With the standard Ubuntu desktop, go through the menus: System -> Preferences -> Keyboard -> Layouts tab. Then hit the "Layout Options" button, click on the triangle next to "Caps Lock key behaviour" and select "Swap ESC and CapsLock".  (Note how to do this has changed - see this for how to do this in 14.04.

Step 2: use vimtutor to get you started. It is in gvim (under
the help menu I think) or you can just type 'vimtutor' at the command
line. It will take 30-45 minutes of your time and then your fingers will
know the basics of vi/vim and you should be able to edit files without
wanting to hurl your keyboard out of the window.

Step 3: use vim everywhere. See this
question from StackOverflow
for tips and links for using vim and vi key bindings at the command
line, from your web browser, for composing emails, in your IDE ... You
need to use vim to embed the key bindings in your muscle memory.

Step 4: learn more about vim. You will only have scratched the
surface with vimtutor. You can

watch screencasts at vimcasts or those by Derek Wyatt;
watch this
video or
read this article (both about
the "Seven habits of effective text editing";
read
about
some
of
the
many
tips
and
tricks
on
StackOverflow;
browse vimtips.

Learn a litle often would be my advice - there is so much out there that
sticking to bite-size chunks will be the best way to make the knowledge
stick.

Step 5: Profit :)


Ubuntu 12.10 wireless problem but Windows can work

Just  click on your network icon from top right and click on the network name which gets disconnected. I used to face and still face this problem. Actually clicking on your network name refreshes the network and hope it will start working again in your case...

Note : Its working for me.


MyMoney, how to import Quicken QDF files

There are a few options here. First, there is the KMyMoney forum over at KDE.org:. Second, you can ask over at the IRC channel "KMyMoney" over on Freenode.

My suggestion would be to try the forum first, as it is more active than the IRC channel. Good luck.


How can I disable a built-in microphone?

https://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/disable-webcam-microphone-linux/ has the answer but following its instructions speakers are turning off too. That is the security lack.


Ubuntu 16.04.6 & 19.10, Debian 10: timed out boot; Multi-OSes share swap

During my research to solve my problem I came across this answer by guiverc which helped me understand what happened.

This problem was caused by a mismatch of the UUID assigned to the swap partition.  Specifically the mismatch occurred between the Actual UUID assigned to swap and the UUID defined in /etc/fstab  This was caused by multiple OSes installed on the same HDD on multiple logical partitions.  The OSes were installed with the intent to share a swap partition, /dev/sda5 on my machine.

The swap partition was initially formatted as swap on /dev/sda5 a logical drive inside the second partition /dev/sda2, an extended partition, by the first OS installed, Ubuntu 16.04.6.  The UUID assigned by Ubuntu 16.04.6 at that time also matched the UUID defined as swap in /etc/fstab.  For completeness sake /dev/sda6 and /devsda7, / and /home were also assigned UUIDs and defined in /etc/fstab for Ubuntu 16.04.6.

Once the second OS installer defined and formatted / and /home it also reformatted /dev/sda5 as swap...AGAIN.  In so doing the swap was assigned a new UUID which matched swap UUID defined in /etc/fstab of the second OS but now mismatched the first OS.  Again for completeness sake /dev/sda8 and /devsda9, / and /home respectively were also assigned UUIDs and defined in /etc/fstab This same order of operations occurred for each of the OSes installed on this multiboot system.

In each new install the swap was reformatted and assigned a new UUID for that particular OS install.

The answer becomes self evident.  The /etc/fstab of each OS installed needs to be edited to define the the current or last UUID assigned to swap.  In other words every OS needs to use the same current swap UUID.

1)From within each OS installed open a terminal and type the following.

2) sudo blkid /dev/sda5     - to get the current UUID assigned to swap

3) sudo gedit /etc/fstab    - this opens the file with admin privilage to edit

4) Inside /etc/fstab find the UUID=d85dac55-2393-412a-8080-8cb24061f7b0 defined for swap and replace it with the current UUID found in step 2 above.  In my case current UUID is UUID=bb3c892f-7584-42a3-a35a-0f0dfd517222 as shown in the Debian /etc/fstab output in the question above.  As stated in the question Debian was the last OS to be installed on my machine and therefor the last time the swap was assigned a new UUID aka the current UUID.

5) Save the file and open the next OS that needs to be configured properly repeat steps 2-5 until finished.

After following these steps I no longer incur the 90 sec timeout during boot as described in the question above.

*note: I commented out the odd Fedora swap defined in the Debian /etc/fstab just by adding the # in front of that line in that fstab and saving the file.

e.g. # /dev/mapper/fedora_localhost--live-swap


Dual boot menu with Ubuntu and Windows 8 not showing up

According to your description, you have correctly installed the GRUB bootloader in UEFI mode. You do not need any BIOS-boot partition, nor any other partition change.

The only remaining issue is to set up your BIOS (UEFI firmware) so that it boots by default the GRUB entry instead of the Windows entry. In other words, we need to find a way so that you won't need to press 'Esc' then F9 to reach the GRUB menu.

To perform this, please:

check the 'Boot order' menu in your BIOS, and try to place the "Ubuntu" entry first. Then save the change and reboot. If GRUB still does not appear by default, please follow step 2 below.
run Boot-Repair --> Advanced Options --> tick the Backup and rename the Windows EFI files option --> Apply. Tell us the new URL that will appear, reboot, and tell us what you observe. The PC should now boot directly onto the GRUB menu.


How come Ubuntu 18.04 LTS has a 32bit iso installer?

The link provided is for Ubuntu Budgie, an official community-maintained 'flavour' which uses the Budgie desktop environment, not for the "standard" Ubuntu image (which uses the GNOME desktop environment).

Ubuntu's developers decided to drop 32-bit image for vanilla Ubuntu (in fact it's already dropped, there is no Ubuntu 17.10 32-bit image), but (at least some of the) other flavours will continue supporting 32-bit systems for now.

If you want to get a basic image for Ubuntu 18.04, see the answer by @sudodus.


Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377, Ubuntu 17.04, ethernet and wifi connection not working

According to OP’s comment the following answer resolved the issue:

  Ubuntu 17.04 can not resolve DNS servers with DNSSEC support as of 2017-04-18.  Disable DNSSEC with this daemon:

sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/resolved.conf.d
printf "[Resolve]\nDNSSEC=no\n" | sudo tee /etc/systemd/resolved.conf.d/no-dnssec.conf

  Reconfigure resolvconf if needed:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf

  Say yes to "prepare /etc/resolve.conf for dynamic updates?" And reboot.

(source)


compiling ffmpeg on 18.04.2 fails with --enable-lib* not found

You should use the power of APT to get build dependencies for the package:

Enable Source code repositories in Software & Updates (software-properties-gtk)
Install build-dependencies for ffmpeg:

sudo apt-get build-dep ffmpeg

Proceed with configuring and compilation.

Note: the ffmpeg is already packaged on all Ubuntu versions with wide set of plugins.


I was seeing the same behavior, and just figured out the problem:  the current user needs to be in the "cdrom" group in order to operate the burner.  This is probably the default if you're logged in as the original user you created when you installed, but may not be if you're logged in as a user you created later.

So to fix it, either:

Log in as the original user you created when you installed Ubuntu, or
Add your current user to the "cdrom" group.

To add a user to the "cdrom" group, log in as a user with sudo permission (such as the original user you created when you installed), open up a terminal, and run the command:

sudo usermod -a -G cdrom <username>

where <username> is the user you want to add to the "cdrom" group.  Then verify that the user in in the "cdrom" group:

groups <username>

It should show "cdrom" in the list of groups.

Log out and back in as <username> (this is important, or the desktop environment won't pick up the new group membership), insert a blank CD, and you should be set.


I have never used Coda, but if you are looking for a good and very extensible editor I can recomend SublimeText2.  The good thing about it is that it is cross platform (Win,Mac,Linux), so you can have the same dev setup no matter what OS you are using.  On top it is extendeable using Python, so it is very easy to write your own plugins.

Some other Editors I have used:

BlueFish
Geany
Gedit/Gmate

these are the ones I know about, but I am sure there are hundreds more options.


btrfs sub volume "Could not chdir to home directory /home/movie: No such file or directory"

noauto was the problem after it was removed it worked fine.


Do you wait for a release upgrade to stabilise before going ahead with it?

11.10 has just now been released, 12.04 is the planned one that is still being discussed (ie codename only came out a few days ago). You can not test 12.04 (should not, really).

If you are looking for pure stability use the LTS Ubuntu releases, if you want edge but without many issues use the current one -1, so use 11.04 for now. After a couple of weeks you can safely upgrade to the current one, 11.10. Not that it is not safe to install it now but there might be some edges that need perfection as you can understand.

There is a release of Ubuntu every 6 months, in April and in October, the versions start with the year+release month, ie: current one is 11.10, released in 2011, in October.

There is a release of Ubuntu LTS every 2 years with support for over 3 years, previous one was 10.04 and has support until 2013, next one will be 12.04.


Degrading streaming video performance (Google Chrome and 15.10)

It appears (after much fiddling about) that it was a unity/compiz issue. I have sorted it by switching to GNOME and using a different desktop manager which doesn't appear to take up that much CPU.


You'll have to create a logical partition. It still work as expected. If you really must use primary partition you'll have to switch to a GPT partition table.

You can read this article about converting from one partition table to another.

Before you carry out any conversions, remember to back up your data.


Wine: wininet.dll sends request for any domain to 127.0.0.1

You can use /etc/hosts to do same thing. Format is at least almost the same, and there is examples in that file already in place.


Moving large files with cronjob: What happens if mv still running when next run?

While the mv process is still running, the cronjob is executed for the second time. Will this cause any problems?

It can yes.

Generally I would advice to create a script, put a mutual exclusion lock (MUTEX) in that script and stop executing the script if the lock exists and remove the lock when the "mv" is done from the first cronjob.

A very basic example:

if mkdir /var/lock/mylock; then
  mv your_file /to/a/directory/
  rm -rf /var/lock/mylock
else
  exit 1
fi


Is there an XFCE panels item (plugin?) to monitor disk space?

I think it was xfce4-fsguard-plugin. Just install it with apt-get or aptitude and add it to the panel.


Which is the "safest" system cleaner in the repository?


To get Code::Blocks installing you have to get a bit creative, as first download the packages for Ubuntu 15.10 from here (simply do a search for libwxgtk2.8-). For a 64-bit system you can as well use the following links to download the packages. Best do the now stated commands in a separate directory so you not install any other downloads you maybe did before.

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wxwidgets2.8/libwxgtk2.8-0_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wxwidgets2.8/libwxgtk2.8-dbg_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wxwidgets2.8/libwxgtk2.8-dev_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wxwidgets2.8/libwxbase2.8-dbg_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wxwidgets2.8/wx2.8-headers_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb

Now you can go and install those by:

dpkg -i wx2.8-headers_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libwxgtk2.8-0_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libwxbase2.8-dbg_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libwxgtk2.8-dbg_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libwxgtk2.8-dev_2.8.12.1+dfsg2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb


Create a linux.img boot file when running with efi

ok. I have just discovered the answered. I updated grup and during the update I selected to install grub on a usb drive. Then the i396-pc module was installed to do that.


How do I find where an application is installed?

Assuming you installed it from the repos:

$ dpkg -L wireshark wireshark-common
/.
/usr
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/wireshark
/usr/share
/usr/share/menu
/usr/share/menu/wireshark
/usr/share/pixmaps
/usr/share/pixmaps/wsicon32.xpm
/usr/share/applications
/usr/share/applications/wireshark.desktop
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/wireshark
/usr/share/doc/wireshark/copyright
/usr/share/icons
/usr/share/icons/hicolor
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/wireshark.png
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/scalable
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps/wireshark.svg
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/man1
/usr/share/man/man1/wireshark.1.gz
/usr/share/doc/wireshark/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/wireshark/README.Debian

/.
/usr
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/editcap
/usr/bin/text2pcap
/usr/bin/dumpcap
/usr/bin/rawshark
/usr/bin/mergecap
/usr/bin/capinfos
/usr/share
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/wireshark-common
/usr/share/doc/wireshark-common/README.Debian
/usr/share/doc/wireshark-common/copyright
/usr/share/lintian
/usr/share/lintian/overrides
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/wireshark-common
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/man4
/usr/share/man/man4/wireshark-filter.4.gz
/usr/share/man/man1
/usr/share/man/man1/mergecap.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/capinfos.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/dumpcap.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/editcap.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/text2pcap.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rawshark.1.gz
/usr/share/doc/wireshark-common/changelog.Debian.gz


Ubuntu server unexpected command history

I saw a similar behaviour.  I managed to grab a copy of the file in /tmp before it was deleted.

/tmp/.sudo_bootstrap173ee73d-6e31-4a25-85d4-45e73f900a32.sh

#!/bin/sh
#
# Script for adding and removing user from /etc/sudoers file used by sudo
# for bootstrapping perl soap framework
# NOTES:
# This code assuming that user being added to sudo file has been already created

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/root/bin
export PATH

SUDOERS_PATH='/etc /usr/local/etc'
SUDOERS="sudoers"
# FIXME: XXX Add getting owner and perms from file before editing?
MKTEMP_TEMPLATE='/tmp/tmp.XXXXXX'
DEFAULT_MODE="440"
DEFAULT_OWNER="root:root"

#ALLOWED_BINS='perl '
SUDOERS_LOCK_POSTFIX=".lock"
SUDOERS_POSTFIX=' ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: ALL'

err() {
    echo "ERROR: $*" >&2
    exit 1
}

usage() {
    err  "Usage: $0 [-r|-a] username"
    exit 1
}

set_def_perms_on_file() {
    chmod ${DEFAULT_MODE} $1 || err "Can't chmod $1"

    chown ${DEFAULT_OWNER} $1 || err "Can't chown $1"
}

while getopts r:a: _option
do  case "$_option" in
    r)  username="$OPTARG"
        remove=1 ;;
    a)  username="$OPTARG"
        add=1   ;;
    [?]) err "Usage: $0 [-r|-a] username" ;;
    esac
done

# Sanity check for options
if [ -n "$remove" -a -n "$add" ]; then
    usage
elif [ -z "$remove" -a -z "$add" ]; then
    usage
elif [ -z "$username" ]; then
    usage
fi

# Check username for UNIX user name regex
if ! echo $username | grep "^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_\.\-]*\$*$" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    err "Supplied username ($username) doesn't match regex"
fi

# Searching sudoers file
for _dir in ${SUDOERS_PATH}; do
    if [ -f "$_dir/$SUDOERS" ]; then
        found_sudoers="$_dir/$SUDOERS"
        break
    fi
done

if [ -z "$found_sudoers" ]; then
    err "Can't find sudoers file"
# Checking if visudo doesn't support 'q' and 'c' flags
elif visudo -qc 2>&1 | grep 'usage' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    break
elif ! visudo -qc > /dev/null 2>&1; then
    err "$found_sudoers has invalid syntax"
fi

# Sudoers lock file for simu access
sudoers_lock="${found_sudoers}${SUDOERS_LOCK_POSTFIX}"

while [ -f ${sudoers_lock} ]; do
    sleep 1
done

trap "rm -f ${sudoers_lock}; exit $?" INT TERM EXIT

touch ${sudoers_lock} || err "Can't create lock file: ${sudoers_lock}"

# Default entry
DEFAULTS_OPTION="Defaults"
REQUIRE_TTY_OPTION="requiretty"

default_tty_entry="${DEFAULTS_OPTION}   ${REQUIRE_TTY_OPTION}"
veeam_tty_entry="#.*#Veeam Commented"
user_tty_entry="${DEFAULTS_OPTION}:${username} !${REQUIRE_TTY_OPTION}"
grep_user_tty_entry=`echo "${user_tty_entry}" | sed 's/\*/\\\*/g'` # Escape '*'

# Sudoers entry
sudoers_entry="$username ${SUDOERS_POSTFIX}"
grep_sudoers_entry=`echo "${sudoers_entry}" | sed 's/\*/\\\*/g'` # Escape '*'

# Uncommenting if commented by us (deprecated)
if grep "^${veeam_tty_entry}" ${found_sudoers} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    _tempfile=`mktemp -q  ${MKTEMP_TEMPLATE}` || \
    err "Can't create temporary file for disabling requretty option"

    sed -e "s/${veeam_tty_entry}/${default_tty_entry}/g" ${found_sudoers} > ${_tempfile} || \
    err "Can't write substituted sudoers to $_tempfile"

    mv $_tempfile $found_sudoers || err "Can't move $_tempfile to $found_sudoers"
    set_def_perms_on_file $found_sudoers
fi

if [ -n "$add" ]; then
    # Add Defaults:user !requiretty
    if ! grep "^${grep_user_tty_entry}" ${found_sudoers} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        echo "${user_tty_entry}" >> $found_sudoers || err "Can't add entry to $found_sudoers"
    fi

    # Add rights
    if ! grep "$grep_sudoers_entry" $found_sudoers >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        echo "${sudoers_entry}" >> $found_sudoers || err "Can't add entry to $found_sudoers"
    fi
elif [ -n "$remove"  ]; then
    _tempfile=`mktemp -q  ${MKTEMP_TEMPLATE}` || \
    err "Can't create temporary file"

    grep -v -e "${grep_sudoers_entry}" -e "${grep_user_tty_entry}" $found_sudoers > $_tempfile || \
    err "Can't write to $_tempfile"

    mv $_tempfile $found_sudoers || err "Can't move $_tempfile to $found_sudoers"
    set_def_perms_on_file $found_sudoers
fi

rm -f ${sudoers_lock} || err "Can't remove lock file: ${sudoers_lock}"
trap - INT TERM EXIT

# Checking if visudo doesn't support 'q' and 'c' flags
if visudo -qc 2>&1 | grep 'usage' >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
    break
elif ! visudo -qc > /dev/null 2>&1; then
    err "Syntax of $found_sudoers is wrong"
fi

As mentioned in the comments, it looks like Veeam is using it to gain root access.


When I install Ubuntu it takes long in the preparing to download, what can I do?

Normally, whenever you download updates it takes a very looong time. Because you are downloading several megabytes of updates (some of them seems stuck, but it's doing it work). If you don't have a fast internet, either wait or don't use Update at install option. Is reported that if you unplug/disconnect every network the installation will continue without problems.


Can the Unity dash search for content within files?

Install recoll-lens (as of 26 March 2012 this works only for 11.10):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:recoll-backports/recoll-1.15-on
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install recoll-lens recoll

Run recoll (open dash, type recoll and there you are), and create an index (it might take some time) - the app will ask for it itself when first run. (In preferences, you may want to set it up so that it reindexes your files regularly or on the fly.) Then logout and login and you have a new lens that provides full-text search. It is accessible from general Dash as well (after hitting super).

Information taken from http://www.webupd8.org/2012/03/recoll-lens-full-text-search-unity-lens.html


Ubuntu 14.04 "Check disk for errors" always returns 2 errors

I had the same problem, Universal USB Installer has a bug, use Unetbootin instead, Unetbootin is even specialized for Ubuntu.

https://unetbootin.github.io/

The iso file is OK if the checksums match.


Terminal autocomplete functionality can only match from the beginning?

As far as I know, it is not possible to search sub strings of all possible commands at a time.

You do though have the option of searching for sub strings of previously typed commands by using Ctrl+R and then typing your sub string. You can press Ctrl+R again to cycle through the previously typed commands containing this sub string


How to connect a Ubuntu and a Windows10 using a Ethernet Cable to share files?

If you have both computers connected to the same router, you can use:

Ubuntu box as the server: Install openssh-server
1.1. GUI applications: WinSCP, FileZilla
1.2. Command line scp or (better) rsync from a Unix emulator in Win (that can be MingW, XMobaTerm, etc.)
1.3. Powershell https://thedarksource.com/powershell-scp-to-transfer-files-between-windows-linux/

Windows box as the server: (Will complete depending on your feedback)

If you want a direct connection, here you have a few links.

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/251057/can-i-connect-a-ubuntu-linux-laptop-to-a-windows-10-laptop-via-ethernet-cable
Transfer files from Windows to Linux via Ethernet cable
https://superuser.com/questions/306682/how-do-i-connect-ubuntu-10-04-and-windows-7-with-an-ethernet-cable
https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-networking-3/direct-connect-linux-to-win-via-ethernet-137098/
https://linustechtips.com/topic/848807-possible-to-connect-windows-and-linux-pcs-via-ethernet/?tab=comments


remove the python package that will remove ubuntu-desktop also. after that install ubuntu-desktop
everything will be fine


Package skype i386 problem with Ubuntu 14.04

Not the targeted solution to your question, but still, if you are willing to install skype, another workaround is to download its .deb file directly from skype's website:

http://www.skype.com/en/download-skype/skype-for-computer/

Make sure to choose your distribution as Ubuntu 12.04 (Multiarch), download the deb file and open it with Ubuntu Software Center. Double clicking the download file will do just fine. That will get you skype installed.

Regarding duplicate entries in your update list, try:

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.canonical.com_ubuntu_dists_trusty_partner_binary-i386_Packages

in your terminal. Run sudo apt-get update
after that and see what happens next.

Regards.


Ubuntu 14.04LTS Black Screen (Already purged NVIDIA)

Try to rebuild your kernel image:

$ sudo update-initramfs -u

Sometimes it usefull.

Is there also old kernel on your installation to boot? Please try to boot with old kernel version and image.


How do I install Ubuntu Server without a CD drive?

I'm pretty sure the Server ISO can be "burned" to a USB and will work similarly.

Please download the appropriate ISO, and unetbootin, and use Unetbootin to prepare the USB jumpdrive. Then boot from it and you should get the below screen:


How to fix "en_DE.UTF-8" (locales) warnings?

Ok, here is what I assume:

I set up KDE to use the english (en) language but german (DE) formats, therefore it tries to set my locale to a combination of both: en_DE.
Like any british user would get en_UK and someone from New Zealand en_NZ.
But unfortunately noone(?) ever(?) created a locale definition for my combination: en_DE.

So all the warnings are correct and simple say, that there isn't a locale en_DE on my system and it can't be found anywhere.
After getting this insight by some googling, I made sure all necessary(?) locales are installed on my system:

sudo locale-gen en_US en_US.UTF-8 de_DE de_DE.UTF-8

And defined that, en_DE.UTF-8 should use the same locale definition as de_DE:

sudo localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 en_DE.UTF-8

A subsequent sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales did no longer produce any warnings/errors and I hope, that I have fixed this annoyance.

As I mentioned in my question, I don't understand/grok the problem fully and didn't read any man pages or other official resources about locales (shame on me and I should go rtfm), so I don't know, if I really fixed my problem and didn't introduce some new by this questionable localedef call.

Hopefully someone will enlighten me and/or point the corresponding fine manual.
At least I hope, this answer help some others, who have also this strange locale en_DE and googling didn't help within the first results.


What is the proper terminal-way to shutdown?

From the MAN PAGES:

Shutdown - "shutdown arranges for the system to be brought down in a safe way.  All
       logged-in users are notified that the system is going down and,  within
       the last five minutes of TIME, new logins are prevented." Time mentioned here is an amount specify by the user that is shutting down.

Halt - "These programs allow a system administrator to reboot, halt or poweroff
       the system."

The difference is that Halt can be more "aggressive" when shutting down than Shutdown itself. It has parameters than can literally force the system to shutdown without regarding services or opened programs. If you run halt without any parameters it will simply execute the shutdown command. Something like an alias. If you run it for example with the parameter --force it will "force" the system into a reboot really fast.

In the case of halt or shutdown, they will wait for all processes to finish correctly before turning the PC off or rebooting. If a service or app does not close or does not close properly you will see what you mention there (The ubuntu logo with the dots).

The proper way in the terminal for a single user or multi user is shutdown. But if the shutdown is not working verify what services you have running and which one is causing the slowness or freezing of the shutdown.

With that in mind, there are several ways to reboot or shutdown the system:

Rebooting - shutdown -r, reboot

In this case, reboot is simply calling shutdown -r.

Shutting Down - halt, shutdown, sudo init 0, shutdown -h now, poweroff

In this case, poweroff is the same as calling shutdown -P

As you have noticed, The shutdown command can do a lot of stuff, here is a small list of it:

-r  Requests that the system be rebooted after it has been brought down
-h  Requests that the system be either halted or powered off after it has been brought down, with the choice as to which left up to the system
-H  Requests that the system be halted after it has been brought down
-P  Requests that the system be powered off after it has been brought down
-c  Cancels a running shutdown. TIME is not specified with this option, the first argument is MESSAGE
-k  Only send out the warning messages and disable logins, do not actually bring the system down

As does the reboot

-f, --force                 force reboot or halt, don't call shutdown(8)
-p, --poweroff              switch off the power when called as halt

There is however a difference between shutdown down through the terminal and clicking on the Shutdown option in Unity. The latter will ask the user for interaction with any unsaved work (like libreoffice, inkscape...). the former will simply send a signal to all processes telling them to close. No user interaction will be needed so any unsaved work will be gone.


Unable to find tools.jar in JDK in Ubuntu

You're doing nothing wrong. tools.jar was removed in JDK 9. From JEP 220: Modular Run-Time Images:

Removed: rt.jar and tools.jar

Related post: How to get tools.jar for OpenJDK 11 on Windows? - Stack Overflow


There's an eclipse folder in my trash that I can't delete. Is it okay if I try to forcefully delete it?

Sometimes root trash ends up in your local Trash bin so you will need

sudo rm -rf ~/.local/share/Trash/

or

sudo chown -R username ~/.local/share/Trash
rm -rf ~/.local/share/Trash/*

You can also find the info about these  in

/home/user/.local/share/Trash/info/*.trashinfo
No harm in force delete files or folders in trash if you are sure that these were not deleted by mistake.


ufw , deny me to access to shared folder

You need to open ports 445 and 139.

This can be done in UFW if you go to rules, press the plus sign and then preconfigured and then select SAMBA.

or the equivalent on the command line

sudo ufw allow Samba


How to export stored password from seahorse

Answering to the Amias' request, due to Apacar's response...

In Seahorse interface, Passwords tab, click the right button on your Keychain folder (named <name>), click Change Password, enter your Old Password in the first field and leave the other fields empty and click OK button, then click the Use Unsafe Storage button. After that, the <name>.keyring file, in ~/.gnome2/keyrings or ~/.local/share/keyrings, will be decrypted.

Then, in order to keep your passwords more secure during transportation, you could make a compressed copy of the file (protected and encrypted by password, <name>.keyring.{7z,rar}) through the Compress option of the Nautilus context menu. And, after that, undo the password change of your Keychain.


Installing & running a python script on Ubuntu

from a commandline;

python FILENAME.py

then just enter. Then you should get an installation screen.


Where is the setting file(like .bashrc) for bash in win10?

Windows Subsystem for Linux uses Windows' Command Prompt as a front-end. To change the background you need to change the background of Command prompt which will change background colors for all instances of Command Prompt. However, you can change the color of the text color by simply editing .bashrc file located in /home/username/.bashrc.

So, backing up the settings for Command Prompt makes it a Windows question which I believe is off-topic here for which you can use Super User - Stack Exchange or read Where are the default settings saved for the Command prompt defaults? - Super User


Internal Microphone not working on new kernel update

I experienced this yesterday as well on mainline kernels 5.11.6, 5.11.7, and 5.11.8. No microphone hardware is detected.
Rolled back to 5.11.5 for now and everything's fine. Boo.


Some times various window managers, do not prompt for the administrative(sudo) authentication. So try this, in your web browser, open a search dialog, and type download chrome.

This should take you to a location, that contains a download chrome button.
You will be prompted to chose between 64 but .deb (for Debian/Ubuntu) or 64 bit .rpm(for Fedora/openSUSE). Choose the .deb file.

And accept and install, the Google Chrome Terms of Service.

Choose to save the file.

Then drop to a Terminal Prompt, and navigate to where it was downloaded.
This location is typically, /home/yourusername/Downloads

type the following:

sudo dpkg -i ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

The -i instructs dpkg to install the designated file.
The use of ./ informs dpkg, to use the current folder to find the specified file.

With sudo this prompt for your password, if you have sudoers privilege, it should provide the appropriate authentication and permit the installation to proceed.


Blank screen after installing ubuntu on flash drive and booting it from computer with Windows 10 preinstalled

If your PC has UEFI/Secureboot enabled, it can as it should ignore USB devices as bootable media.

Windows then boots when it decides not to trust a USB peripheral.


postgresql 9.3: can't connect with password

The line I added:

local    all             testdb1         md5

need to be BEFORE the pre-existing line:

local   all             all               peer


Installed Ubuntu 16.04, can't find bootable device error

Since your system only allows device boot, the default media path must be used (/EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi)

Fist let's clean up some. boot from your LiveCD and use efibootmgr to remove boot entries 0000 thru 0007:

efibootmgr -b 0000 -B

You have to delete each one at a time.

Next, use gparted to temporarily remove the ESP flag on the efi partition so we can mount it. Delete /EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi Now, copy the contents of /EFI/ubuntu to /EFI/BOOT. Rename shimx64.efi to bootx64.efi. Unmount the efi partition and reset the ESP flag.

Reboot and enter the firmware setting. Set trusted execution for bootx64.efi.
It should now boot.


A simple way would be to use the mmv command:

mmv '*.pdf' '#1_0.pdf'

You might need to install it first (available in the Universe repository):

sudo apt-get install mmv


Python script that turns bluetooth on and off

You can run terminal commands in python.

The terminal lines are:

rfkill block bluetooth

and

rfkill unblock bluetooth

To run them in python:

import os
os.system("rfkill block bluetooth")

import os
os.system("rfkill unblock bluetooth")

Or you could use:

subprocess.call(["rfkill", "block", "bluetooth"])

subprocess.call(["rfkill", "unblock", "bluetooth"])


How to scan more than one location at the same time with ClamAV

You don't need any special software to do that, just the base operating system: multi-tasking is built-in!

Just do:

sudo clamscan -r --detect-pua --infected --bell /var > /var/log/clamav.log.scan-var.txt &
sudo clamscan -r --detect-pua --infected --bell /bin > /var/log/clamav.log.scan-bin.txt &
sudo clamscan -r --detect-pua --infected --bell /media/Samba/MumsDrive > /var/log/clamav.log.Scan-mum.txt &

and then from 3 different terminals you can see these at work:

tail --follow /var/log/clamav.log.scan-var.txt

in one terminal, and

tail --follow /var/log/clamav.log.Scan-bin.txt

in another etc...

So I would sudo apt-get purge parallel and keep my OS as close to the base as possible!  Less software means a stabler system!  ;-)

Rant: This is the 21st century you know!  The times of single-tasking single-user systems like the Colossus, the Apollo guidance computer, the Apple II, the Commodore 64, ... are over!


Remote X sessions, how to discover GUI applications?

I have tried to use gnome-panel over ssh in my computer and it worked. It replaced my awn bar with two pannels with the stock gnome theme. I can see in the bottom bar all my running programs, both local and remote. If I start a program from the menu it launches the remote version, in the same way, the Places Menu also open remote nautilus in remote locations.

Quite an interesting experience. I'm not sure if it will be useful for me, too used to pure command line.

Interesting enough pressing "Print Screen" saves the screenshot in my local computer:

I know, this is not a real answer, just a glorified comment. The answer will be use gnome-panel.


Can mhddfs mounting options be set via /etc/fstab to respect file permissions?

I have noticed the same problem a few hours ago.
Found some help in a FUSE manual.

The option "default_permissions" seems to do the trick. I've set it in fstab and after a small test it seems to respect the underlying permissions.

http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/mount.fuse.8.html


Directory issues with joomla install, realized I was running as root

You can change owners for the directory with the following

chown apacheuser joomladir -R

Just change the apacheuser and joomladir to the appropriate user and directory.

Edit:

I came across this answer when I was researching another issue.  His answer is a lot more detailed than mine, and probably has some information that would be relevant to you.


having elevated priority and general @audio permssion in rc.local

Edit  this file as root:

/etc/pam.d/su

Search and uncomment this line in the file removing #:

# session    required   pam_limits.so

Reboot and test.


Latest Windows UbuntuOne client not working correctly

Ok, I think the best way to fix this is either if you pop in freenode #ubuntuone and ask for either of the following people:

nessita
alecu
mandel (that would be me)

We probably will need to check your logs to ensure what is going on and see if the changes in your machine where indeed notified to the sync process. An other way to move forward is going on is to send a but in launchpad (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntuone-client) and attach the all the files you can find in:

C:\Users\$username$\AppData\Local\xdg\cache

The best way is to create a zip with all the different logs and attach them to the bug.

The above is for Windows 7 if you have any other version, please di file the bug and state that you do not know where to find the logs. We also need the name/path of the file you changed, otherwise is kind of hard. If you have confidential info or do not want people to know about your system do report a private bug.

Sorry I could not answer more about this, but with no logs we have no idea :(


Select at boot time, from Grub, Nouveau or Nvidia driver

You can use kernel parameters to blacklist the driver you don't want to use and force the other one.

modprobe.blacklist=nvidia systemd.setenv=GPUMOD=nouveau

Plus a script to modify xorg config.

cat > /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/01-nv.conf << EOF
Section "Device"
  Identifier   "Device0"
  Driver       "nouveau"
EndSection
EOF

Switching nouveau and nvidia drivers using a single kernel and systemd


How to install MonoDevelop on Ubuntu 17.04?

First you should install Flatpack :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:alexlarsson/flatpak
sudo apt update
sudo apt install flatpak

Then install MonoDevelop with the following command:

flatpak install --user --from https://download.mono-project.com/repo/monodevelop.flatpakref

To run MonoDevelop :

flatpak run com.xamarin.MonoDevelop


Go to the Github page and click the Download ZIP button.
Extract the downloaded archive and rename the directory 'polar-night'
Move the whole directory to ...

Edit: some more informations.
Two things you should know about themes:

1-You can move them to more than one place: /usr/share/themes make them available to all users, but you must have administration privileges to do so. There are two other places in your home folder: .local/share/themes and .themes.

2-If you open the theme folder, you'll notice it contains some sub-folders named after the window manager you're using. In other words, if the theme don't have any folder 'Unity' for instance, you will not be able to use it with Unity.

Now, if you want to move the extracted folder to your home configuration:

Open a 'Files' window (Nautilus), and display your home folder.
Hit ctrl-H: this will show you the hidden files, and particularly the folders .themes and .local which are most often hidden.
If you choose to put the theme into .local/share/themes you may have to create the folder.
Go to your 'Download' folder, and move the theme into the chosen folder (cut/paste, drag & drop, etc...).

If you want to put it into /usr/share/themes

Using Nautilus will fail because you've not the write permission on this folder. So, hit ctrl-Alt-T to open a terminal window.

In this window, type sudo mv (don't forget the space after mv).
Select the theme folder in Nautilus and drag it to the terminal window. It will write the folder path for you.
Hit space one more time
Select the /usr/share/themes folder in Nautilus and drag it to the terminal window (or just type: /usr/share/themes)
Hit return, the terminal will ask for your password. Enter it and hit return. You're done.

HTH


Why older version of package repositories of Ubuntu don't get updated?

Natty is End of Life.
That means it is no longer a supported version of Ubuntu, therefore there are no updates issued for it, and the standard repositories for it were disabled and moved elsewhere in a read-only capacity, usually useful only for upgrading from release-to-release to get to a stable release.
That's why you're not going to see updated software on Natty.  Ever.  Unless you build it from source manually.


Note: As of 1100 UTC on August 18, the servers appear to be coming back online.

The Launchpad/PPA servers and other websites hosted by Canonical are moving to a new data-center, which is causing some outages.

Launchpad and Ubuntu Forums appear to be down for everyone, as of August 18, 2012, 0830 UTC.
Recent maintenance on Launchpad has often gone beyond the scheduled time, so take any expected time announced with a grain of salt.
Please check the Launchpad Status Twitter feed. or their blog for the latest updates.


Ubuntu and Arch dual boot - grub doesn't show Arch

Use grub-customizer. Install it by running the following commands:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install grub-customizer


Wine doesn't run normally anymore. Need to run wineserver before every command now

It seems to be error in Ubuntu kernel. There is fix already available - just upgrade to newer kernel version (3.13.0-61).

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade


You can find them on the project's github page (which is linked from the article). More specifically you can find them at https://github.com/tseliot/hamster-appindicator/tree/master/data/icons . Note that they're available for different themes and both in raster graphics (.png) and in vector graphics (.svg).


I had problems with upgrading mysql on upgrade to 16.04. You do not have to worry about losing your data. I uninstalled mysql and installed it again and did many other (foolish) things because mysql upgrade did not work. I believe I messed it because apparmor configuration was not upgraded and then apparmor did not allow mysql to access its configuration files.

Anyway, you can use the command

sudo dpkg-reconfigure mysql-server

with no fear. On upgrade, the databases were converted to a newer format, but I lost no data and all accounts, permissions and passwords for database access were also preserved.


Is Ubuntu One available for Ubuntu 18.04?

No, Ubuntu One file sync isn't available anymore.

It closed down 4 years ago:
https://blog.ubuntu.com/2014/04/02/shutting-down-ubuntu-one-file-services

I would suggest looking at dropbox if you're a newer user or owncloud if you're more advanced.


Windows 7 does not boot correctly on a triple boot system with Windows 8(Consumer Preview), Windows 7 and Ubuntu

create entry in 40_custom(don't remove anything) in directory /etc/grub.d

gksudo gedit /etc/grub.d/40_custom

add an entry like this

menuentry "Windows 7" {
    set root=(hd0,3)
    chainloader +1
}

Modify the set root value of course. Determine the hdd by typing: sudo fdisk -l . For example, /dev/sda1 is (hd0,1) if its on the second HDD: /dev/sdb1 >> (hd1,1)..and so on. You can understand the syntax from this I guess. After you made the modifications, do sudo update-grub and you can try to boot it. BTW grub actually can't boot windows the only thing it can do is to chainload(to call) windows bootloader.


Cannot 'enable mobile broadband' even after checking it

You don't mention how you installed/upgraded, so I'll go on a limb and say you upgraded, from what you describe. Until you add more info, I'll just answer your question directly.

It is not "the same" in the sense that it is a newer version. Some things have changed, but you should be able to connect to what you used to as normal. Ensure that your networks are not using ipv6 unless they need to.


What is the checksum value for kubuntu-16.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso?

I don't know much about WinMD5Free v1.20 but Ubuntu flavoured linux come with the md5sum command to check these things. To check please do:

md5sum  kubuntu-16.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso

Then compare it to the official MD5SUM here

I ran mine on md5sum kubuntu-17.04-desktop-amd64.iso and it corresponded with that found here

Since your testing it on Windows use the CertUtil inbuilt tool like so:

CertUtil -hashfile C:\TEMP\MyDataFile.iso MD5

More:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM


Fingerprint readers are supported by Gnome DE and virtual terminals via PAM, but there are still no GNU/Linux compatible programs to support login web forms.
The development of libraries for fingerprint readers is almost complete but there are no applications that fully exploit them: in particular authentication is supported but user identification for multi-user systems is not.

More information is available from:

the FreeDesktop project;
the Debian FingerForce team.

Older Elan readers are fully supported, along with those from major brands.Readers which impose encryptions protocols may not be recognized, so (since it can be difficult to find the chipset in use) you should really buy with reserve if you own GNU/Linux systems and explicit support is not declared in the specifications from the seller.


I assume this is what you need however if you want the application to appear in the screen that loads when you click on the top left corner the procedure is quite different. Let me know if thats what you need and I will run you through it.

In order to keep programs in the Unity sidebar all you have to do is open the program and dock the app.To do this you will need to open the program. Once this is done you should see the program icon on the left of your screen with a little white arrow on it. Right click on this icon and click on "Keep in Launcher"

This will now hold the program shortcut in the bar.

I hope this helps

Chris


Ubuntu alongside Windows 10 failed to partition the selected disk

Don't choose Install Ubuntu alongside Windows -
Choose Something else  - install  Ubuntu this way :

Boot from Ubuntu installation media.
Select 'Try Ubuntu without installing'.

Open GParted and select the mentioned unallocated space of the disk.
Create a new partition - format it with ext4 - a size that fits your needs.
Create a new partition - format it with swap - a size matching the RAM.

On the desktop click Install Ubuntu, choose Something else.
Select the new partition you had created for Ubuntu before.
Select / as mount point and ext4 file system for formatting.

Note : I assume that Windows is installed in EFI mode, in case it is installed in MBR (legacy BIOS) mode ...
first create an extended partition and then under that the ext4 and the swap partition.


XBMC-live (Ubuntu based) setting up tty8

I dont have this setup yet but I dont think you need to install gdm. You should be able to install gnome, xfce, kde or any other desktop environment without the desktop manager that comes with it. You can then either manually start that desktop session after switching to tty8 or write an script to automatically load it.

I suppose you have already seen this question on installing XBMC in ubuntu. Although it is not exactly the path you want to take, it shows that XBMC and gnome can coexist perfectly fine.


The Issue was more so with the modem, I had to reboot everything, and Re-enable networking and forget all previous connections.


Can i make a .desktop app for a shell script not local?

.desktop files are not shortcuts. They are files which describe what should be shown in the launcher/application-launcher.
A sample desktop file
# Copyright (c) Rudra Saraswat
# The below sample desktop file is licensed under the BSD-3-Clause license.
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Sample Desktop File for python3 script.
GenericName=Example
Comment=This is a sample desktop file.
Type=Application
Exec=python3 "<path-to-script>"
Icon=<gtk-icon>
Terminal=false
Categories=Utility;
Keywords=example;sample;

You can replace  with the icon from the GTK icon theme. A list of GTK icons in your icon theme can be found by running sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y yad && yad-icon-browser in the terminal. YOu should then run sudo update-desktop-database.
Redistributing your app
You can package your app as .deb package, or write a simple script which installs your python3. While deb packaging is a complicated, you can write a simple shell script which installs your app, like the following:
#!/bin/bash
# Copyright (c) Rudra Saraswat
# The below script is licensed under the BSD-3-Clause license.
[ ! "$EUID" -eq "0" ] || { sudo -p "Please enter your password to continue: " "$0" "$@"; exit $?; }
set -e
mkdir -p '/opt/' '/opt/mypythonscript/'
cat << 'EOF' > '/opt/mypythonscript/main.py'
<python-script-contents>
EOF
cat << 'EOF' > '/usr/share/applications/myfirstdesktopfile.desktop'
<desktop-file-contents>
EOF
update-desktop-database || true
echo "Installed mypythonscript."

You'll need to make the file executable with: chmod +x <filename> in the terminal, or select "Allow executing file as program" in Nautilus > Select the installation script which you wrote > Properties > Permissions > Execute.
If you are distributing this file over the Internet, note that the executable permissions will not remain, in which case you'll need to ask the user to run chmod +x <downloaded_file> in the terminal or select "Allow executing file as program" in Nautilus > Select the downloaded install script > Properties > Permissions > Execute.
Important note: The above code hasn't been tested in any way and may lead to permanent and unrecoverable damage, in which case I'm not liable/reponsible in any way.


I need documentation on how to create quicklists

Static quicklists don't require a specific programming languages But if you are looking for syntax it is as follows

X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=Quicklist1;Quicklist2;Quicklist3

[Qucklist1 Shortcut Group]
Name=Quicklist1
Exec=Executable command
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Qucklist2 Shortcut Group]
Name=Quicklist2
Exec=Executable command
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Qucklist3 Shortcut Group]
Name=Quicklist3
Exec=Executable command
TargetEnvironment=Unity

There is more on that here. That page also has information (with example code) for how to create dynamic quicklists, which let the program dynamically create quicklists on the fly.


Windows Boot Manager: Make Ubuntu the default instead of Windows

OK, so I found the answer almost immediately: http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows-vista/easily-set-default-os-in-a-windows-vista-and-xp-dual-boot-setup/

  Boot to Windows
  right click on Computer and select Properties
  click Advanced System Settings
  click on the Settings button under Startup and Recovery
  select the operating system you want to use

  Easy stuff. You could also use the bcdedit command to do the same thing from the command line, but it’s probably easier this way.

Warning:

After doing this, you will not be able to boot Windows again if the timeout is set to zero seconds, without repairing the boot-loader using a repair disc. See this question.


DragonRise Gamepad not working on Ubuntu 20.04

Lots of generic USB gamepads use the same IDs (0079:0006) but have different button layouts or support different features which makes driver support difficult. If you can link to a photo or product page for your gamepad it will make it easier for other users to figure out which device you have.
The dmesg output suggests it tried to load the dragonrise driver but hit an error. The dragonrise driver is intended for knockoff Playstation controllers:
/*
 * Force feedback support for DragonRise Inc. game controllers
 *
 * From what I have gathered, these devices are mass produced in China and are
 * distributed under several vendors. They often share the same design as
 * the original PlayStation DualShock controller.
 *
 * 0079:0006 "DragonRise Inc.   Generic   USB  Joystick  "
 *  - tested with a Tesun USB-703 game controller.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Richard Walmsley <richwalm@gmail.com>
 */

From the dmesg error it seems like your device doesn't have any rumble support. If it did, the driver should have found at least one output report. If your gamepad doesn't have rumble it probably doesn't even need a special driver and can use the default hid-input driver.
Try unloading the dragonrise kernel module and reconnecting the gamepad.


Close. Set the font through the gui, then use the command (: to get the prompt) set gfn? to get the current font string. It should look something like this:

guifont=Mono Uralic 10

Then edit/create ~/.gvimrc and add the line:

set gfn=Mono\ Uralic\ 10

Note: You need to escape the spaces from the output (as I have above)


I had the same problem. Here is the solution that worked for me.

NOTE: If you have tried the installation and it doesn't uninstall Samba, Samba-common, system-config-samba first. to do it just replace "install" with "remove" in steps 3 & 4

Open Terminal

Install gksu:

sudo apt-get install gksu

In the terminal, run

gksu-properties

In the dialogue that follows set authentication mode to "sudo" and grab mode to "enable".
Install Samba:

sudo apt-get install samba samba-common

Install Samba Config:

sudo apt-get install samba system-config-samba cifs-utils

The Samba icon showed up on the launch bar and everything worked fine.

I take no credit for this solution this answer is form "user168736" answer here


Sorry, but; did you connected the camera? Maybe you're opening a disconnected channel. Try with Live View (or something like it's called) and go dragging and dropping every camera detected. Maybe it's a bad configuration on the DVR.
I successfully made it work in Linux Mint 17 32 bits with Wine 1.6


You should be able to simply remove the kernel source tree. All operations are done in the kernel source tree until the kernel is actually installed.


You seem to know how the package should be called, or at least what a part of its name should be.
apt search doesn’t look like the best tool for this task, use apt list instead:

$ apt list apache\*
Listing... Done
apache2/bionic-updates,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 amd64
apache2-bin/bionic-updates,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 amd64
apache2-data/bionic-updates,bionic-updates,bionic-security,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 all
apache2-dbg/bionic-updates,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 amd64
apache2-dev/bionic-updates,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 amd64
apache2-doc/bionic-updates,bionic-updates,bionic-security,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 all
apache2-ssl-dev/bionic-updates,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 amd64
apache2-suexec-custom/bionic-updates,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 amd64
apache2-suexec-pristine/bionic-updates,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 amd64
apache2-utils/bionic-updates,bionic-security 2.4.29-1ubuntu4.11 amd64
apachedex/bionic,bionic 1.6.2-1 all
apacheds/bionic-updates,bionic-updates,bionic-security,bionic-security 2.0.0~M24-2~18.04 all
apachetop/bionic 0.12.6-18build2 amd64

The escaped asterisk (\*) means that any character(s) may follow the name. If you find nothing, consider adding the escaped asterisk to the beginning of the search string.

I am pretty sure you can choose the right one from this list. Obviously, the first is the actual Apache server. Choosing the apache2 package will also install its dependencies automatically.

$ sudo apt install apache2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap liblua5.2-0
  ssl-cert
Suggested packages:
  apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine | apache2-suexec-custom openssl-blacklist


May be you make a mistake. You should put the option "text" at GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" (not to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="") (1)


The KDE.org has the KMouth, a voice synth interface, available on Software Central (apt) of Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Trust Tahr.

There is male and female voices in many languages.


are you sure about your web-server state in running or the php application is installed? if not you can do these for them:

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 status

and

dpkg --get-selections | grep php5


How can I remove CRLF line terminators from wget'ed file?

Use tr to remove them:

wget http://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=LBVNiRXa -O- | tr -d '\r' >somefile


Is there a way to recover private key from a certificate signing request?

No.  The principal of cryptography means that you cannot find out the private key from the public key or from the CSR.  Both the public key and the CSR may be shared with other people without them being able to know your private key.

If you have lost your own private key, you will need to generate a new one, get a new CSR based on it, and apply for a re-issue of the certificate.  You cannot continue to use your existing certificate if you no longer have your private key.

If you simply don't know where your private key is, then it will be located somewhere on the computer on which you generated the CSR.  Most instructions for generating a CSR involve generating a private key and a CSR that is based on the private key, saving the private key on your filesystem somewhere.


fsck

First we check/repair your file system...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdXX, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier

sudo fsck -f /dev/sda5

repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

initrd.img-5.3.0-42-generic

System was/is running fine on the 5.0.0-23-generic kernel.

Software Updater updated the kernel to 5.3.0-42-generic and things broke. Now it's having trouble loading the ramdisk, which indicates that there might be a problem with the /boot/initrd.img-5.3.0-42-generic file, so we'll create a fresh copy.

Whilst booted to the -23 kernel...

In terminal...

sudo update-initramfs -c -k 5.3.0-42-generic # create new initrd.img

reboot # to the -42 kernel

BIOS

POSITIVO BGH J430 (or J14), current BIOS is version 1.21

You need to check for a newer BIOS. Start at this website.

Update #1:

Seems like the -23 kernel works fine, and the -42 kernel doesn't. We'll modify GRUB so that it always boots to the -23 kernel. (ie: it'll boot to the last selected choice). Then wait for the next system software update, where hopefully they've got a better kernel for your machine.

sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub

Near the top of the file, edit/change/add these lines...

GRUB_DEFAULT=saved    # change existing line
GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true # add this line

sudo update-grub

reboot

At the GRUB menu, choose Additional Options, then choose the -23 kernel. After booting completely, reboot, and see if it returns to the -23 kernel again on its own.


Replacing Nautilus with Awesome Windows Manager on 12.04

I think you are confused. Awesome WM, as the name says, its a complete window manager. On its side, Nautilus is a file manager. Anyways, this can be what you are looking for.


Increase Root Partition of Security Onion (Ubuntu) VM in vmware

You created a tiny ( < 1mb ) partition in the small gap before your previously existing swap partition instead of using the free space at the end of the disk.  Use gparted to delete this useless partition, and expand your extended partition to the right, then move your swap partition all the way to the right, then move the start of the extended partition as far to the right as it can, then you can just grow sda1.


cannot execute binary file processor and file 32 bit

It appears as though you are either

A: In an ssh session with your device

or

B: You do not currently have an X session

If you're running it via ssh, that won't work. Sorry.

If not, then run startx then open a terminal and run your program again.


Media keys play/pause globally worked in 12.10, not in 13.10

Summary: sort-of solution.

Keys and rhythmbox (default Ubuntu 13.10 music player)

As a workaround I was considering to manually set specific events using XFCE shortcut keys facility.

So, I tried rhythmbox-client and observed that it failed to remote control rhythmbox as described on https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/rhythmbox/+bug/950743 .

As indicated there, "the problem was solved by enabling MPRIS D-Bus Interface plugin in rhythmbox", which in practice boiled down to :

sudo apt-get install rhythmbox-plugins

and restarting rhythmbox.

And then ... the four keys ([play/pause], stop, next and prev) that were ignored now just work.

So, the bug was not at lower levels but just the fact that the "MPRIS D-Bus interface" was unavailable.

Keys and gmusicbrowser (default Xubuntu 13.10 music player)

Keys did not work immediately with gmusicbrowser.

The symptoms are described on http://xubuntugeek.blogspot.com/2011/11/use-multimedia-keys-with-gmusicbrowser.html with a workaround.

They don't mix

Keys work with rhythmbox. If launching gmusicbrowser, it does not receive events.
Quitting rhythmbox allows gmusicbrowser to receive events.
Quitting gmusicbrowser does not allow rhythmbox to receive events.

So, it now works for simple cases (one music player at a time).


Message of the day still show updates are available

I was able to clear this by manually upgrading the linux-headers-generic package:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic


terminal closing when ssh connection breaks

You need to open terminal first, then start a session from there.

Obviously if you start a session this way, the terminal closes after the session is ended.

You can set up the command to launch the terminal this way:

gnome-terminal -e "bash -c \"ssh root@192.168.1.1; exec bash\""

This way after the session ends, bash will stay.

You can use another terminal instead of gnome-terminal. And you can use sh instead of bash to load the default shell.


KDE Wallet is a password manager built into KDE.  It is not essential to the operating system and can be easily disabled:

Open System Settings
Navigate to Personalization > Account Details > KDE Wallet
Uncheck the box "Enable the KDE wallet subsystem"
Click Apply and enter your credentials.


I'm having some issues working with parallel ssh

The solution was to forget parallel ssh and use cssh instead:
http://www.unixmen.com/how-to-manage-multiple-ssh-sessions-using-cluster-ssh-and-pac-manager/


You don't have to delete anything or start over.

Just boot to the Ubuntu live CD and run Try Ubuntu.

While there are many options you can choose from, one option is to run gparted and resize the two partitions to a small size (just over the size in use).  Move the two partitions so that they are next to each other.

Now make a a new partition of the extended type.  With the extended partition you can make any number of partitions you want.  Make one for your new Installation (the majority of the drive) and make one for your swap partition.  Depending on the amount of space you have available I'd try to have my swap partition about 4 gigs or equal the size of the amount of ram I have.  (Other swap size recommendations: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SwapFaq

Now run the Ubuntu Installation option and specify "Something Else" for the install option.  Specify the new partition you've just created for your new Ubuntu installation.

When it finishes you'll have boot options for each of the OS installation you have.  You can now mount those other partitions that you referenced not wanting and backup any important data you have on them.  After your desired data is backed up, you can delete those partitions using gparted.


Ubuntu 18.04; WickrMe Snap gives Segmentation Error

The WickrMe client is published by Wickr.

Therefore, you can get packaging support at https://support.wickr.com/hc/en-us/articles/115003136873-How-to-Install-on-Linux
There is a link there to submit a support request.

It will help them if you can provide some input about the issue. They need either to replicate or get enough information from your to figure out what's going on.
See https://snapcraft.io/docs/debugging-building-snaps on how to retrieve debugging information.


How do I run in Terminal in Unity Alt + F2?

This isn't supported in Unity as it was in the GNOME Panel Alt+F2 dialog box, but nevertheless you can work around it by typing this in the Unity Alt+F2 dash:

gnome-terminal -e COMMAND

Where command is the command you wish to run. Unfortunately due to a bug in Unity, you can't run a command with command-line arguments, using the Alt+F2 Unity dash. Hence, you can run:

gnome-terminal -e xeyes

But running:

gnome-terminal -e 'xeyes -display :0'

will fail.


Accidentally formated /dev/sda1 on ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Finally

sudo grub-install dev/sda

worked after I run:

sudo mount dev/sda1 /boot/efi

based on the information contained here how-can-i-repair-grub-how-to-get-ubuntu-back-after-installing-windows? and the section "Creating an EFI System Partition" here UEFI.
Now I get the error

The disk drive for /boot/efi is not ready yet or not present.
Continue to wait, or press S to skip mounting o M for manual recovery.

After skipping, the computer started succesfully. Being able to shut down and restart the computer is enough for me now. I will take my time to solve this new problem, most probably in a new thread.
Best regards.


The right answer is: there is no such thing as "failed lost ping". (Failure replies like "Destination unreachable" are always printed, it is different from no reply at all.)

Ping utility prints every received reply, even if it eatlier decided that this specific ping was lost. It is entirely possible to receive replies out of order.

Even on my Android phone, stock ping utility supports these 2 options:
-D prints a timestamp before every message
-O prints a message when reply is not received in time, and it is more or less what was asked.
However, these options do not seem to be supported everywhere (e.g. Debian Wheezy lacks them as far as I know, while Jessie has them. busybox ping does not support them).

Here is an example output I managed to get (unimportant ping replies skipped):

u0_a93@NX505J:/ $ ping -D -O 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
[1440545014.805478] 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=244 time=116 ms
~~~~~~~~~~
[1440545142.995443] 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=129 ttl=244 time=110 ms
[1440545144.885601] no answer yet for icmp_seq=130
[1440545145.455485] 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=131 ttl=244 time=568 ms
[1440545145.455780] 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=130 ttl=244 time=1569 ms
[1440545146.005850] 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=132 ttl=244 time=119 ms
~~~~~~~~~~
[1440545254.055962] 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=240 ttl=244 time=115 ms
^C
--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
240 packets transmitted, 240 received, 0% packet loss, time 239250ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 109.062/138.757/1569.620/101.608 ms, pipe 2

Note how #130 is first reported missing, then received after #131, and finally packet loss is reported to be zero.

Extra note about Windows:

On Windows, ping seems to wait for reply longer and then declare it missing and ignore it if it comes later.

By default, interval is 1 second and timeout is 4 seconds, so:
On low RTT, pings will be sent with 1-second intervals.
On RTT>4, pings will be sent with 4-second intervals (or 5, not sure) and will all be reported as failed, same as if server did not respond.


Change it to

sh -c "cd ~/Desktop; exec bash"

Regarding comment:

sh -c "cd ~/Desktop && perl slowloris.pl -dns; exec bash"


After I upgraded to ubuntu 14.04.3, I couldn't boot to my windows systems

Just Run this in terminal:

sudo update-grub

this command will scan for boot able operating systems and add them to the boot menu


Reliable method of uploading extensive trees of sub-folders to remote ftp server with a single interaction?

I downloaded FileZilla 3.15.0.2 from the Ubuntu Mate Welcome screen.
It worked fine on my test case. I also tried it with the wp-includes folder of a Wordpress installation. This is ~17Mbytes in 896 items, with sub-folders nested up to 5 deep. I copied it to the remote server and back again.
The number of items was correct.
I think I will go with FileZilla.
(N.B. The total bytes in the recopied folder were 16,978,859 instead of the original 16,982,310, but I imagine that was an artifact of the way they were stored. I looked for differences between the folders and got
$ diff -rq wp-includes/ ../wp-includes/
Files wp-includes/images/crystal/license.txt and ../wp-includes/images/crystal/license.txt differ
Files wp-includes/js/codemirror/csslint.js and ../wp-includes/js/codemirror/csslint.js differ

but ignoring white space on the pairs of files with diff -w gave the result that they are seen as the same.)


I can say that yes it is possible to run Ubuntu from a  usb in that fashion, but I would not suggest it.

Flash drives have a set number of writes, hundred of thousands in some cases, and that sounds large but for an OS saving and reading files constantly, it wont take long before that pen drive reaches its limit.

Short answer: yes, its possible and as an experiment interesting. As a permanent solution no.


How to read file from a folder that has many sub-folders

This is a bit easier if you don't cd around while trying to do this.  It makes sense to try, but it just gets a bit messy when you need to manage where you are in a script; moving up/down directories all the time.
I'd recommend instead building up the file paths that you need to search, and then using find on those directories without moving. For example:

for topDir in $(ls -d ./a*/); do
    for subDir in $(ls -d $topDir*/); do
        for leafDir in $(ls -d $subDir*/); do
            echo "Dir  : $leafDir"
            file1=$(find "$leafDir" -name '1.gz')
            file2=$(find "$leafDir" -name '2.gz')
            echo "Files:" $file1 $file2
        done
    done
done

The script above does 3 loops, building up the directories to search from listings of only directories in each previous directly.  Executed on the directory structure below:
justin@mal:~$ tree a
a
├── a
│   ├── a
│   │   ├── 1.gz
│   │   └── 2.gz
│   ├── b
│   │   ├── 1.gz
│   │   └── 2.gz
│   └── c
├── b
│   ├── a
│   │   ├── 1.gz
│   │   └── 2.gz
│   ├── b
│   │   └── 1.gz
│   └── c
│       ├── 1.gz
│       └── 2.gz
└── c
    ├── a
    ├── b
    └── c
        ├── 1.gz
        └── 2.gz

12 directories, 11 files

gives
justin@mal:~$ bash script
Dir  : ./a/a/a/
Files: ./a/a/a/1.gz ./a/a/a/2.gz
Dir  : ./a/a/b/
Files: ./a/a/b/1.gz ./a/a/b/2.gz
Dir  : ./a/a/c/
Files:
Dir  : ./a/b/a/
Files: ./a/b/a/1.gz ./a/b/a/2.gz
Dir  : ./a/b/b/
Files: ./a/b/b/1.gz
Dir  : ./a/b/c/
Files: ./a/b/c/1.gz ./a/b/c/2.gz
Dir  : ./a/c/a/
Files:
Dir  : ./a/c/b/
Files:
Dir  : ./a/c/c/
Files: ./a/c/c/1.gz ./a/c/c/2.gz

You should be able to adapt this to your specific top-level directory name and file name structures without too much trouble (switch out the top a folder and the file1, file2 names).  Hope this helps.


Do you need to create reverse zones for every ordinary zone in BIND DNS?

home may conflict with mDNS (Multicast DNS) which uses this domain.  Try using a different domain such as localnet.

You generally don't need to configure reverse zones for IPv4.  Other than SMTP MX servers few applications will expect them to be configured.

If you aren't using addresses from one of the private network blocks, it is unlikely you will be able to configure entries that are usable off your local network.  Reverse zones need to be configured by the IP provider.

On a local networks you may want your DHCP server to be able to update the DNS to reflect IPs that have been served.  This is difficult with bind, but can be done.


How to change behaviour of keys in Ubuntu?

I got solution for this and i installed  AUTOKEY feature of ubuntu.

sudo apt-get install autokey-gtk

I setup my string in autokey.


Nautilus "Scripts" menu option removes percent sign from filename

I think uvw10%xyz has %x in it.
So its considered as specifier i guess, Although it works fine from terminal.
Try the below code

#!/bin/bash
echo $1 >> abc.txt

You can also try this:

filepath=$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS then name=${filepath##*/} then name=${name% then } then printf %s "$name"> abc.txt


As per a comment:

  Well, I fixed the display.

  It no longer has the "rough" edge when the launcher hides and the
  rough edge is no longer displayed in the cube.

  I was looking through the CompizConfig Settings Manager and trying to
  read what each option does.

  There is no explanation given for D-Bus. I enabled it, the screen
  flickered as it does with some selections, but nothing changed.

  So, I disabled D-Bus and for about 10 seconds the screen flashed and
  went off and then came back on and the problem was gone. I did a
  r> eboot and sure enough, all is well. I would just like to understand
  it now.


Look at the documentation, the answer is essentially:

sudo apt-get install tomcat7

If you want a per-user instance installation (easier for development when starting-and-stopping are desirable) you can install the tomcat7-user package and use the utilities it provides (eg tomcat7-instance-create). This is all stuff covered by the documentation.

Note: tomcat6 and tomcat6-user packages are also available. tomcat5 is no longer packaged or recommended.


What are the recommanded settings for a Bootable USB?

Bootable USB Size and Speed

There are various ways to make a bootable USB.

Live USB is a read only USB similar to a read only DVD. It only needs to be large enough to fit the Ubuntu ISO, about 2GB. It is good for giving the OS a quick try or for installing Ubuntu. All new data is lost on reboot. The live USB may run in RAM so USB3 is not required but does not hurt.

Persistent USB uses a casper-rw persistent file or partition. Most persistent drive creation programs use syslinux which has a casper-rw size limit of 4GB due to FAT32 file system. YUMI can make a casper-rw file in NTFS of unlimited size. Mkusb uses grub2 rather than syslinux for booting. It will produce a casper-rw partition of unlimited size. Persistent drives will boot "toram" which helps with speed. These drives work as installers, but should not be updated or upgraded.

Full Install USB has Ubuntu installed as it would be to an internal drive. Persistence is only limited by disk size. They are more stable than persistent drives. Over time the need for space seems to increase. About 25-30 GB should last a while. The remaining space on the drive can be used as a NTFS data partition that is accessible to Windows. USB3 is a good choice for Full Install. These drives are upgradeable, updatable, and can use proprietary drivers. A Full install USB is no use installing Ubuntu. Minimum size pendrive for full install is 16GB, 25GB recommended.. Ubuntu Minimal will fit on a 8GB drive but there will not be much room for programs and data.


EFI Partition not detected after ubuntu install

In the end, I had to use grub-restore to make my efi partition visible again by the firmware. No clue what happened.


Problem installing Ubuntu 13 alongside Windows8 - cannot see partition system

You've got an MBR partition table, but you seem to also have some leftover GPT data. My guess is that you had an EFI-based Windows 7 installation, but when you installed Windows 8, you wiped that out and installed in BIOS mode. Windows' partitioning tools are known to do an incomplete wipe of GPT data when converting a disk to MBR mode, so this seems plausible.

Fortunately, the solution is easy: Use FixParts on the disk. IIRC, this program is part of the gdisk package in Ubuntu; or you can download it separately, as described on the FixParts page. When you launch it, FixParts will complain about the stray GPT data and offer to erase it. Tell it to do so, then exit from FixParts by typing q at the main menu. When you launch the Ubuntu installer, the problem should go away.

One caveat about what follows: Be sure that the Ubuntu installer is booted in BIOS mode. If you launch it in EFI mode, it might try to install that way, and the result will be unbootable. Check the mode by dropping to a shell and looking for a directory called /sys/firmware/efi. If that directory is present, you've booted in EFI mode and should fiddle with your boot settings to force a BIOS-mode boot. If the /sys/firmware/efi directory is absent, you've probably booted in BIOS mode and it should work fine.


How to accurately adjust KDE plasma panel height?

I know this is an old question but I think I have a good answer for it:

Go to ~/.config/plasmashellrc
the attribute name you are looking for is "thickness"

There you can specify for example thickness=64

Log out and log in back again to see changes.

If you have changed the resolution, there will be a section specifying the panel values for each used resolution, so to see changes you will have to change the one that corresponds to your current resolution.


18.04 - Suspended system resumes with all applications closed (as if from fresh boot)

If your applications don't come back, you did not successfully suspend.

How much RAM do you have? How much swap? free -h will show you. You need at least as much swap as RAM.

Read man pm-is-supported ("pm" stands for "Power Management", which handles Suspend/Resume/Hibernate/Wake).

Read man pm-action to see what scripts are run when your system changes power state.

All these commands are in the pm-utils package in Ubunu 16.04.6LTS.


Could I install ubuntu in Virtual Box using wubi?

No need to use wubi: VirtualBox can install an OS direct from a .iso file, no CD required.

Just create a blank VM, and the first time you boot it VirtualBox will ask you where your install disk is. Just give it to .iso file, and you're done! :)

I'm not sure what the second part of your question means, but yes, you can run all normal programs, as long as your machine is powerful enough.


At the end I ended up buying HDMI to VGA converter, easier and faster than messing with settings, drivers etc.


Problem making changes in synaptic package manager

You can run it with pkexec explicitly

pkexec synaptic

or use the provided wrapper

synaptic-pkexec

(which appears to be how the desktop launcher does it).


I can't acess my windows drive from Ubuntu

Muru is right, you can not fully access a NTFS drive that is used by Windows for either hibernation or FastBoot. Windows somehow locks the volume so that you can only mount it with Ubuntu in read-only-mode. Boot back into Windows and shut it down completely. If necessary, also disable the FastBoot option.


How do I install the latest versions of Firefox and Thunderbird on my PC?

Updating your software can be done in the Software Center or by typing the following command in a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

This will update Firefox to 55.0.2 and Thunderbird to 52.2.1, which are the versions currently supported by the official package sources.

You can install (even) newer software, however I do not recommend this. If it's not absolutely necessary, stick with the package sources. It may save you lots of trouble.