How can I move down the side panel in ubuntu 12/04?

That video was uploaded in Nov '11.  This was the original instructions about how to move the unity launcher for 11.10.

Since that date, this was repacked as a PPA - the instructions of how to install can be found in this Q&A:

Can I move the Unity launcher?

At the time of writing this, this PPA has not been updated for 12.04.

The instructions in the video were specific to 11.10 - both Unity and its components have moved significantly forward in 12.04.  You will not be able to use the video instructions to move the launcher in 12.04.

The only solution (currently) - is to install 11.10 and use the PPA. If (or when?) the PPA is updated, then you can upgrade to 12.04.

Specifically to the error you are seeing - unless a typo in your question - this should be:

sudo cp ./* /usr/share/unity etc

note the spaces in the command are important.


VFS 495 finger print reader not working in Ubuntu

I got it working on 16.04 on this machine following this guide but it had some problems with the links so here's exactly what I did...

(first you may want to navigate to an empty folder because we'll do some downloading & compilation & conversions. Files will be all over the place)

mkdir temporary
cd ./temporary

now we've created a folder and navigated to it we can proceed...

First, download this and place it in your empty folder.

The guide's very long but what's good about it is that it should work if you just follow it sequentially. If you don't understand what's happening just copy and paste the lines one after the other (or ask in a comment)

install the driver:

tar xf vfs495.tar
cd vfs495
sudo apt install alien
sudo alien Validity-Sensor-Setup-4.5-118.00.x86_64.rpm
sudo dpkg -i validity-sensor-setup_4.5-119_amd64.deb

Now the broken links part. Here are the links that should work:

sudo apt install libssl1.0.0
ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.0.9.8
sudo apt-get install libcrypto++-dev
ln -s /usr/lib/libcrypto++.so.9 /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8

Then just proceed. Install libfprint

mkdir libfprint
cd libfprint
rpm2cpio ../libfprint-0.0.6-18.20.1.src.rpm | cpio -i --make-directories
tar xf libfprint-0.0.6.tar.bz2
cp ../libfprint-validity.patch ./libfprint-validity.patch
cd libfprint-0.0.6/
patch -p1 < ../libfprint-validity.patch
sudo apt-get install libusb-dev libcrypto++-dev libssl-dev libglib2.0-dev libmagickcore-dev checkinstall
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
sudo checkinstall -install=no make install
sudo dpkg -i libfprint_0.0.6-1_amd64.deb

Install fprint_demo

cd ../..
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
tar xf fprint_demo-0.4.tar.bz2
cd fprint_demo-0.4
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
sudo checkinstall -install=no make install
sudo dpkg -i fprint-demo_0.4-1_amd64.deb

At this point, we can start to register our fingers.

sudo /etc/init.d/vcsFPServiceDaemon start
sudo fprint_demo

...after you enroll your finger you can train in the "identify" tab. It'll display your fingerprint! It's so much fun :D sometimes I just go there and keep swiping XD

And just a side-note, don't take screenshots of your finger and share it around unless of course, you know what you're doing. Your fingerprint is valuable. Better keep it for your eyes only.

...anyway, continue. Install pam_fprint

cd ..
tar xf pam_fprint-0.2.tar.bz2
cd pam_fprint-0.2/
sudo apt-get install libpam-dev
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
sudo checkinstall -install=no make install
sudo dpkg -i pam-fprint_0.2-1_amd64.deb

Now we can start setting up fingerprint authentication. I recommend you stop here because I've been using it for a while and there are several issues with it. So far your driver is working and that's fine. You can try it for authentication and revert it if you want, but it's not robust for daily use.

Anyway, we need to edit the /etc/pam.d/common-auth file. Be careful with this file!!. If you mess it up you'd have to fix it from recovery mode.

This would make ubuntu ask you for your fingerprint or your password to grant you root access and also for login. So you can still use your password to login

sudo nano /etc/pam.d/common-auth

We need to add the lines:

# fingerprint authentication through fprintd
auth    sufficient                      pam_fprint.so

and modify the line that has pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass to make it sufficient, like this:

auth    sufficient      pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass

So finally here's what my file looks like.

Note that the behavior will depend on where you'll place the lines. If you place them above (the "Primary" block) part it'll first ask you for your fingerprint, then your password and vice-versa.

I hope someone can clarify or give a good pointer about how this file exactly works.

Finally...

cd ..
sudo cp vcsFPServiceDaemon /etc/init.d/
sudo update-rc.d vcsFPServiceDaemon defaults

and things should be working.


Install Ubuntu: Wipe previous installs but do not touch my data partition

I'm assuming you have a system partition that is separate from your data partition sda4.  I am not sure if sda4 is your /home partition.  These instructions assume that it is.  If it is not, you must add a /home partition in the same manner as the / partition is added in these instructions.

First, back up your data partition.  Then boot to the live USB

Choose the Something Else option in the installer.

On partition screen:

Double click system partition (sda1 or whatever)

Use as Ext4 journaling file system

Format the partition

Mount point /

Double click home partition (sda4 or whatever) << this would be your data partition

Use as Ext4 journaling file system

DO NOT Format the partition

Mount point /home

Double click swap partition (sda5 or whatever)

Just make sure it says use as swap area

At bottom of screen, device for boot loader installation, set to system disk (sda)


They execute the block by proxying all of your school's data through a filter. Anyways, have a look at this guide to setting up a proxy for apt:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AptGet/Howto#Setting_up_apt-get_to_use_a_http-proxy


Ubuntu 18.04 Change the Login Screen to use an image such as a png file

Run Terminal with Ctrl + Alt + T
Run nautilus with sudo by doing (sudo nautilus) - without the brackets
Copy your desired background image to /usr/share/backgrounds/
Go to /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css and open with Text Editor

Change This

  #lockDialogGroup {
  background: #2c001e url(resource:///org/gnome/shell/theme/noise-texture.png);
  background-repeat: repeat; }

To This

  #lockDialogGroup {
  background: #2c001e url(file:///usr/share/backgrounds/yourimage.png);
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center; }

Click 'Save' when you're done.

Restart your PC


Upgrade from 13.04 to 13.10 preferences has two of most everything

I'm not sure because I don't use Cinnamon, but it's possibly the consequence of having two desktop environments available. Both of them have their .desktop files in /usr/share/applications. You could try modifying the ones you don't want to see.

Let's say you have two of "Bluetooth". My .desktop file for "Bluetooth" looks like this:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Bluetooth Manager
Comment=Blueman Bluetooth Manager
Icon=blueman
Exec=blueman-manager
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Categories=GTK;GNOME;Settings;HardwareSettings;
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=blueman

(I remove extraneous languages.)

Now, if I don't want to see this particular "Bluetooth" while in Cinnamon and assuming the other DE is Unity, I'd edit the file for the entry I don't want to see while in Cinnamon to look like so:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Bluetooth Manager
Comment=Blueman Bluetooth Manager
Icon=blueman
Exec=blueman-manager
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Categories=GTK;GNOME;Settings;HardwareSettings;
OnlyShowIn=Unity;
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=blueman

Notice the second-last line which I've added. That ensures that this particular "Bluetooth" will be seen only when you log into a Unity session.

Obviously, you'd take the usual precaution of backing up important files and you know how to sudo edit files. And logging out and logging back in would complete the process.

You can read more about .desktop files here and here.


How do I completely uninstall Google Chrome and Chromium?

Note: this recipe has been updated in 2020 to more safely backup the files rather than using a recursive delete.

To uninstall Chromium Browser, run these commands from your terminal:

$ sudo apt-get purge chromium-browser
$ mv ~/.config/chromium/ ~/.config/chromium.bak/

To uninstall Google Chrome, run these commands from your terminal:

$ sudo apt-get purge google-chrome-stable
$ mv ~/.config/google-chrome/ ~/.config/google-chrome.bak/

In both examples, the first command removes the package while the second command will move custom settings, such as plugins, to a backup directory.


Ping stops when there is big packet loss

I would consider changing your script to run ping -c 1 <ip-address> every five minutes, instead of relying on the ping binary to provide that behavior. Then you can also check the return status ($?) to determine if it succeeded or failed.

It would be helpful if you also post your script, so that the context of your problem can be more easily understood.


How to use sed with this complex expression of special chars and ips?

You can use, for example:

echo "connection = sqllite///keystone@10.10.10.51" | \
sed "s/sqllite\/\/\/keystone@10.10.10.51/mysql:\/\/keystoneUser:keystonePass@10.10.10.51\/keystone/"


Ask for username and password on 18's login screen

Settings for gdm3 are done in /usr/share/gdm/greeter.dconf-defaults.

Uncomment these 2 lines:

[org/gnome/login-screen]
disable-user-list=true

(Only un-commenting the 2nd line will crash your login: bugreport confirming it works for 18.04) and restart the login manager with

sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm3

and reboot (or restart with sudo systemctl stop gdm and log out).

Make a backup 1st so in case something get messed up and you can not log in you can use tty3 to redo your changes. edit: this wont work; gdm also takes care of the tty sessions so tty3 is dead too... you will need to user a live session or grub rescue prompt.

Another way that works for 17.10 and 18.04 (from comment #7 by fprietog in the bug report):

  Using root:

  Create a file named /etc/dconf/profile/gdm with this contents:

 user-db:user
 system-db:gdm

  Create a file named /etc/dconf/db/gdm.d/50-disable-user-list with this content:

[org/gnome/login-screen]
disable-user-list=true

  Execute the command sudo dconf update


Please get a temporary wired ethernet connection. Open a terminal and install the prerequisites:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential

Now assuming that you downloaded the file rtl8188eu-master.zip to your desktop, right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Now back to the terminal:

cd Desktop/rtl8188eu-master
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe 8188eu

If there are any errors, please edit your question to show us so we may troubleshoot.


Upgrading to UEFI motherboard while keeping old hard drive

And your new motherboard will almost certainly be able to be put into legacy, BIOS, CSM, etc. mode which ignores the UEFI features.


I want to use my Lubuntu 16.04 as bluetooth speakers for my Android phone

buddy idk much as well but yes there is a way of using soundwire application for using your phone as speaker but it works only in wrt wifi.
i.e you will have to creaate hotspot through your phone connect your pc/laptop to it.
then install soundwire apk on your phone and software with dependecies on your laptop/pc and then launch application from laptop and then from your phone and by putting required details yo will be able to figure it out how to use


Howto Install Multiple Snaps Simultaneously?

The second example you give works, on the proviso that all three use the same confinement model. If one of them requires the --classic confinement model, then it will need a separate install step.

So simply:-

snap install notes shout hangups

Will work. As you can see here:-

alan@hal:~$ snap install notes shout hangups
shout 0.53.0 from 'snapcrafters' installed
hangups 0.4.4 from 'tomdryer' installed
notes 0.9.0~gitb6e3b34 from 'notes-developers' installed


Ubuntu won't suspend anymore, but it did upon install

Open your terminal and type this

sudo apt-get install hal


Is it important to install disk monitor on linux?

Please open System Monitor. Select the File Systems tab. There you will see the current disk usage.

You can also do so from the terminal:

df -h


Why does APT want to upgrade my package?

You manage what gets updated by what using the version number, which is set from whatever is the top line in debian/changelog in the source package when the package is built into a deb. If you want a different version from what is in the PPA you need to set your own version number greater than what is in the PPA.

As a word of caution, note that 1.2.3-1ppa1~2 is less than 1.2.3-1ppa1, so apt-get upgrade would upgrade to 1.2.3-1ppa1. (There's magic in the "~", it is less than anything, including the end of the version number. I see you and the PPA have this symbol in your package version number.


After "sudo apt-get install fcitx-googlepinyin" in Ubuntu 18.04.1 and restart, I no longer see the desktop, only black screen after login

The problem is solved by Mr. Gunnar Hjalmarsson in the comment under my questions. Lots of thanks.
Log in into a TTY (Ctrl+Alt+F3), run the command im-config -n ibus and reboot. – Gunnar Hjalmarsson
However, how this could have happened, is still unclear.


cp -u copies all files, not just newer ones

Remember that VFAT/FAT32/FAT16/et al... Microsoft's glorious filesystem, only stores file times with a minimum resolution of 2 seconds.  Meaning that if your source file has a mtime of 13:35:47, VFAT will save it as 13:35:46.  Meaning your source file will always be newer.

The cp command has no mechanism to deal with MS's weirdness, files will always be copied.

To properly deal with VFAT's lossy time storage, I'd suggest using rsync.

You gave this cp command as an example:

cp -vau /home/jordan/local-directory/ -t /media/jordan/A368-480F/BACKUP/

An equivalent rsync command would be:

rsync -va --modify-window=1 /home/jordan/local-directory/ /media/jordan/A368-480F/BACKUP/

This will copy files from src to dest, recursively, copying all attributes as is possible to represent on VFAT. (Permissions, owners, groups, .. well... dang near everything ... doesn't copy to VFAT, just data, and the EVEN timestamps)

The --modify-window=1 option allows file timestamps to differ by up to 1 second when determining newness.

I like to add the -P (--partial --progress) option, as it allows easier restarting of copy operations, showing a nice progress bar as it goes.

rsync -vaP --modify-window=1 /home/jordan/local-directory/ /media/jordan/A368-480F/BACKUP/

Of course, rsync allows MUCH more, including copying between systems, snapshotting backups, and others, see the rsync man page.  My fingers can type -avzP as rsync options by themselves I believe.

No, I am not a fan of VFAT.  NTFS is better, but proprietary.


WiFi auto discovery works in Window 10 but does not in Ubuntu 14.04

First of all, can you connect to any Wi-Fi manually in your Ubuntu system?

If your machine is a laptop, you need to make sure the Wi-Fi adapter (or "wireless network") is toggled ON when using Ubuntu. On most laptops there is a hardware toggle that controls this. You may want to check your BIOS settings, too, because there might be a software toggle there.

Usually you can enter your BIOS settings by pressing and holding key F2, F10, or Delete during startup when the some logo appears (this is usually referred to as the POST screen), before any operating system loads.

I found a manual for your computer, it is https://content.etilize.com/User-Manual/1027476497.pdf It says you can enter BIOS settings using F2.

In your BIOS settings there might be an option that turns on your Wi-Fi adapter at startup.


Does an incomplete update affect my programs?

It depends to what phase of the update you were on, If it was just downloading, Its fairly safe

If its installing, a sudo apt-get -f install will fix it in most cases, but sometimes it does not work


How can I get kubuntu-desktop to come up?

To disable the command line interface as default login mode, we need to modify the /etc/default/grub file. TO do so, do the following:

Login to your session from the command line (introduce your username, Enter, then the password, Enter again)
Open the above file using your default text editor. It could be gedit, or nano. Do so like this:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

If you don't know your text editor, try installing any of the above and repeat, as usual:

sudo apt-get install gedit
sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Once you are in, look for this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash text"

You have to delete the text bit, so it looks like this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Then, save that file (look for he short-cuts at the bottom of the editor).
Finally, update the grub:

Then update Grub:

sudo update-grub

Now, restart. There you have the GUI back!


I want to run commands after logging into the remote server using shh

I don't know how ssh exactly operates, but your script is written in a way that it will wait until the ssh command finally terminates. Then will it continue and run your last line (osascript...). To avoid waiting for ssh to return, write a & at the end of the ssh line. It will have the interpreter to continue executing the next command in a parallel thread.


Canonical has two commercial products which might help:

You can use a Brand Store to host private snaps and/or self-host a Snap store.
You can use the Snap Store Proxy to have snaps from the regular Snap Store available in an offline environment.

I know the Snap Store Proxy has a free tier, but I don't know if Brand Stores have one.


Can not install Ubuntu 12.04 or 12.10 on Toshiba qosmio x870

First install Ubuntu-Secure-Remix-64bit (or Ubuntu12.10 64bit) then use Boot-Repair's Recommended Repair as described in the first paragraph of https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI
If that fails, disable SecureBoot in your firmware as described here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI#SecureBoot , and run Boot-Repair again.


Error during installation of GFx driver: "No package 'libdrm_intel' found"

Ok, so having done a little digging, responses to problems when installing older bespoke GFx drivers seems to focus around is there actually a problem? If not, just use the default drivers.

The facts are:
a) Displays work, I just can't tell how effectively. No obvious glitching though. The rare occasion I play a game with 3D texturing it seems to work ok- being integrated GFx it was never going to be earth-shattering anyway.
b) The required max resolution is achieved on my LCD, being 1680 x 1050.

So, to address myself- you don't really have a problem here; so the system says "Graphics: Unknown", that's not a problem- it seems to be working as much as you need it to, and with a generic driver for a multi-purpose Intel chipset family it might not give any more useful info! And if you were doing proper GFx intensive stuff you'd be fitting a dedicated card, with decent drivers.

(Although I reserve the right to correct myself if I find something that works in the future!)


Where does unity keep information on the launchers in dash?

You can access this information using dconf-editor. Expand com → canonical → unity → launcher node and see the favorites key:


Switch between different versions of a Program (R)

You may modify the R.desktop file Exec line to point to /home/maxime/R-3.6.3/bin/R instead of just R.

Instead of modifying the original R.desktop, you may create a copy under ~/.local/share/applications/ and modify that instead. The make it executable for the system to recognise the file.


Open doesn't mean it will play. Use below code for play music . maybe little tweak required.
from pygame import mixer  # Load the popular external library

mixer.init()
mixer.music.load('e:/LOCAL/Betrayer/Metalik Klinik1-Anak Sekolah.mp3')
mixer.music.play()

Refer & credit: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20021457/playing-mp3-song-on-python


How do I set up an email alert when a ssh login is successful?

Warning: As always when you change the login configuration, leave a backup ssh session open in the background and test the login from a new terminal.

Since the sshrc method doesn't work if the user has their own ~/.ssh/rc file, I'll explain how to do this with pam_exec as @adosaiguas suggested. The good thing is that this can also be easily adapted to login types other than ssh (such as local logins or even all logins) by hooking into a different file in /etc/pam.d/.

First you need to be able to send mail from the command line. There are other questions about this. On a mail server it's probably easiest to install mailx (which is probably already installed anyway).

Then you need an executable script file login-notify.sh (I put it in /etc/ssh/ for example) with the following content. You can change the variables to change the subject and content of the e-mail notification. Don't forget to execute chmod +x login-notify.sh to make it executable.

#!/bin/sh

# Change these two lines:
sender="sender-address@example.com"
recepient="notify-address@example.org"

if [ "$PAM_TYPE" != "close_session" ]; then
    host="`hostname`"
    subject="SSH Login: $PAM_USER from $PAM_RHOST on $host"
    # Message to send, e.g. the current environment variables.
    message="`env`"
    echo "$message" | mailx -r "$sender" -s "$subject" "$recepient"
fi

Once you have that, you can add the following line to /etc/pam.d/sshd:

session optional pam_exec.so seteuid /path/to/login-notify.sh

For testing purposes, the module is included as optional, so that you can still log in if the execution fails. After you made sure that it works, you can change optional to required. Then login won't be possible unless the execution of your hook script is successful (if that is what you want).

For those of you in need of an explanation of what PAM is and how it works, here is a very good one.


Run this code in your terminal:

alias firebase="$(npm config get prefix)/bin/firebase"


You need to update your linux-firmware. It looks like software sources for updates are not enabled.

Go to System Settings -> Software & Updates and enable all sources.

Connect by wire to the internet, the system will suggest to update sources, then run

sudo apt upgrade

The system will get updates, and the Wi-Fi should work after a reboot.


Apt update failed because public key not available

Classic error when using custom repositories. In order to fix, you need to run the following command:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys YOUR_KEY where YOUR_KEY is replaced with the key you need, e.g: 8B48AD6246925553.

There are also a number of other keyservers available if you'd prefer. For example, you could replace keys.gnupg.net with keyserver.ubuntu.com if you'd rather use Ubuntu's own keyserver, however this does not usually matter.

After running the command, then sudo apt update again, and it should work :)


I've attempted this several times. From what I understand there is an issue with sector sizes between hard drives and CDs that makes isos unusable by standard tools like GRUB. However I had read (long ago, so my details may be fuzzy) about an extension to GRUB that provided for that discrepancy. It might actually have been an alternate boot loader now that I think about it. Sorry this is less of an answer than you were expecting.

The mechanism it used to make this work was similar to mounting isos as loopback devices (mount -o loopback /mnt ./disk.iso) but that's about as much as I remember. I'll update this if I remember / google more.

Upon further review: How to Boot Live ISO Images


Will killing ps -f stop piped grep from executing?

No it won't,these are multiple processes but piped within the master "proc".
So it can be simply understood as if master process is stopped so all its subtasks will be killed, stopping the complete pipeline.


How can I view all the folders currently mounted through sshfs?

After some experimentation I found that the list of folders that are mounted is stored in

/etc/mtab

So one can just view and unmount unwanted folders.


How to use two sound sources while using recordMyDesktop?

Yes, you can achieve that!

The proper way to do this is to use JACK sound server, which is fully supported by recordMyDesktop. There is a nice GUI app for controlling it (though it's name is terrifying) - qjackctl.

You will want to use the Connections window of qjackctl, it will allow you to learn which audio input is which, and will enable you to direct both your system input & microphone input to your system speakers.

Once your JACK server is running, launch recordMyDesktop. If you use gtk-recordMyDesktop you will be provided with a list of all JACK channels in the settings window (make sure to choose two with the Ctrl key in order get stereo sound!). If you run recordMyDesktop from command-line, you will need to experiment with command-line parameters, but that shouldn't be too hard.

Instead of routing all audio you want to record to system speakers, you might also experiment with different JACK connection schemes. Use it as you like. And note that there are many JACK connections tutorials for begginers, if case you found JACK difficult.

PS. You may find this article helpful: http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/tutorials/6491/2


How do I create an Ubuntu live USB using a Mac?

Taken from here:

  We would encourage Mac users to download Ubuntu Desktop Edition by
  burning a CD. But if you prefer to use a USB stick, please follow the
  instructions below.

  Note: this procedure requires that you create an .img file from the .iso file you download. It will also change the filesystem that is
  on the USB stick to make it bootable, so backup all data before
  continuing.

  Tip: Drag and drop a file from Finder to Terminal to 'paste' the full path without risking typing errors.

  Download Ubuntu Desktop
  Open the Terminal (in /Applications/Utilities/ or query Terminal in Spotlight)
  Convert the .iso file to .img using the convert option of hdiutil. Example:

hdiutil convert -format UDRW ~/path/to/target.iso -o ~/path/to/ubuntu.img

  Note: OS X tends to put the .dmg ending on the output file
  automatically.
  Run diskutil list to get the current list of devices
  Insert your flash media
  Run diskutil list again and determine the device node assigned to your flash media
  (e.g. /dev/disk2)
  Run

diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN

  (replace N with the disk number from the last command; in the previous example, N would be 2)
  Execute the following command while replacing /path/to/downloaded.img with the path where the image file is
  located; for example, ./ubuntu.img or ./ubuntu.dmg).

sudo dd if=/path/to/downloaded.img of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m

  Using /dev/rdisk instead of /dev/disk may be faster.
  If you see the error dd: Invalid number '1m', you are using GNU dd. Use the same command but replace bs=1m with bs=1M.
  If you see the error dd:/devdiskN: Resource busy, make sure the disk is not in use. Start the Disk Utility.app and unmount (don't
  eject) the drive.

  Run diskutil eject /dev/diskN and remove your flash media when the command completes
  Restart your Mac and press Alt while the Mac is restarting to choose the USB-Stick


Slow boot time after resizing partitions. Editing fstab did not work

So I ended up fixing it by removing /etc/crypttab as suggested here (link courtesy of PyGeek03). However it was still booting slowly until I commented out the crpytswap line in fstab. After this it booted up at normal speeds. Just for reference here is my new fstab file,

fstab

Thanks again for everyone's help and suggestions.


Blank Screen from Resume - Can still Login

The problem is that it detects the external monitor that is pluged into the laptops vga port. If I unplug the external monitor it goes to sleep and awake fine. The problem is to stop it from detecting the external monitor.

Kubuntu 13.04

Ok I finally found the answer The system confuses the TV pluged on on vga. It detect the one vga plugin as both TV an vga but it is the same and only plug.

Solution in kde system settings->display click on all displays  except your laptop builtin  display, and disable them then apply.

So only one display should be enabled laptop builtin  display.

cheers


How do I make a Logitech c525 HD webcam work?

install cheese from software center or synatic or plug-in your webcam & run this command in terminal

gstreamer-properties

Or if you have ffmpeg installed then you can use this command

ffplay -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0


From the comments - really you have two possible methods of HPN-SSH installation:

Follow the recipe for compilation and installation of HPN-SSH may be done by following steps from ArchLinux PKGBUILD.

Use pre-compiled binaries at https://sourceforge.net/projects/hpnssh/files/Debian%20Packages/ . You may want to test them on VM with your current Ubuntu version.

But I do not recommend to do so because of the fact that the ordinary SSH is proven to be stable and fast enough for years. Its speed is near full bandwidth of LAN while doing file-transfer via SSHfs. The roots of HPN-SSH are in supercomputing, but I do not think that you owning any of it. So speed of ordinary SSH would be enough. If you want to check what is really slow - try SMB/CIFS (Windows file-sharing) to compare.


How can I enable Visual Effects on Ubuntu 10 running on VMware Player on Windows 7?

I was looking for the same thing, but VM Player doesn't support visual effects at all, which is pretty much the one big 'damn' I've come across comparing VMP & VB


Open the terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run this command (root privileges
  is required):

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -d 0/0 -s 0/0 --dport 8289 -j ACCEPT

  Replace 8289 with the port you want to open.

So in your case, you should use

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -d 0/0 -s 0/0 --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

This will allow all incoming and outgoing connection through port 80.

Usually, by default, this is not blocked, so if you have installed some kind of firewall, it is best to try and unblock the port using the firewall.

ref: http://www.upubuntu.com/2012/01/how-to-open-specific-port-under-ubuntu.html


Is Ubuntu Desktop 14.04 available for power pc?

yes. i think it does my friend.
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/14.04/release/


ubuntu 12.04 LTS wont recognize windows 7 for a dual boot

First of all, I recommend using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (The LTS stands for Long Term Support), as you appear to be new to Ubuntu, and 12.04 LTS is the most stable version.

What I think you need to do is put in the Windows disk, and create three partitions, one for Windows, one for Ubuntu, and one small 4gb one called a "swap space". Install Windows on one of them (not the swap space), and when that's done, put in your Ubuntu disk, and install Ubuntu on the partition that you haven't yet used.

Installing Ubuntu last should ensure that GRUB sees Windows as it's going in, so it will add it to the boot menu.

If you have any more questions, just ask.


The easiest way to make sure the email that is sending with the correct name would be to run the cron job on the account you need it to send out:

Example

me@domain:~$ crontab -e

If you want the root user to send out the messages through mutt, try this one liner (it worked for me):

export EMAIL="Me <me@domain.com>" && mutt -s "subject" -a /home/user/directory/file*.xls -- user1@domain.com, user2@domain.com < /home/user/directory/message.txt

Hope this helps.


Yes, it is reliable.  Run sudo badblocks -b 512 /dev/sda to scan the disk and find where the bad sector is.  It will show the number of the bad sector.  You can then verify it with:

sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/null iflag=direct bs=512 skip=sector_number count=1

Make sure you type the command exactly as stated, using the correct sector_number from badblocks.  This should fail with an IO error ( since the sector is bad ).  If it doesn't, then you got something wrong.  If it does, then you can proceed with trying to repair the bad sector:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda oflag=direct bs=512 seek=sector_number count=1

After that, check the SMART status again and the pending_count should have gone down.  If the reallocated_count is still zero, then the disk is fine.


How should one try and fix bugs in Ubuntu?

You should get set up with Ubuntu Development.  This would be a good starting point.


Combine two files and aggregate another column

You could use csvsql (from the Python-based csvkit package):
$ csvsql --query '
  SELECT strftime("%m",[ DATE]) AS [month], COUNT(*) AS [count]
  FROM A INNER JOIN B ON A.[ID ] = B.[ID]
  GROUP BY [month] ORDER BY [count] DESC LIMIT 1
' A.txt B.CSV
month,count
11,3

Note that LIMIT 1 might not return the result that you want in the case that more than one month has the same high count.
Note also that your field names appear to have inconsistent amounts of leading/trailing whitespace.

IMHO it's not as elegant, but you could of course use awk ex.:
awk -F, '
  NR==FNR {a[$1]; next}
  $1 in a {
    # NB not as robust as the csvsql version, which uses a proper strftime
    month = substr($4,2,2); count[month]++
  }
  END {
    for(m in count){
      if(count[m] > count_max) {
        count_max = count[m]; month = m
      }
    }
    print month, count[month]
  }
' A.txt B.CSV


I think there is problem in last line of the script!

Change the line to

cd /home/$_user/Desktop

This should work!


Wine: how do I remove the 'MY' from My Documents,

Is this XP, Win7 or 10? There appears to be a change in naming by the OS from Documents to My Documents. Also, is the My Documents folder possibly on another partition?

Try this: Rename as you did
Delete the desktop.ini hidden file in the document folder.

presto?


Additional hard and flash drives not detected/mounted automatically in bookmarks/computer

Your /etc/fstab was not restored and does not contain the necessary statements to mount the partitions on your second hard drive at boot time.

To do this, add the following lines to the end of your /etc/fstab:

#mount /dev/sdb 1 and 2 at boot time:
UUID=6A4C3AF14C3AB7A1  /media/Storage  ntfs-3g  defaults,noexec,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8  0  2
UUID=B6E2DEADE2DE70DB  /media/Win7     ntfs-3g  defaults,noexec,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8  0  2

and both sdb1 and sdb2 will be mounted at boot!

As you didn't specify a mount point for sdb3, I can't give it for you, but you should be able to figure that out by yourself by now by looking at the rest of your fstab and reading the official documentation.

;-)


How to use software installed on another computer?

As I recall Edubuntu is designed with this functionality in mind and includes the Linux Terminal Server Project which appears to be what you are after. I personally don't have much in the way of hands on experience with this, but here's some pertinent info.

  The principal design goals of Edubuntu are centralized management of
  configuration, users and processes, together with facilities for
  working collaboratively in a classroom setting. Equally important is
  the gathering together of the best available free software and digital
  materials for education.

.

  Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP) is a free and open source
  terminal server for Linux that allows many people to simultaneously
  use the same computer. Applications run on the server with a terminal
  known as a thin client (also known as an X terminal) handling input
  and output

There is a great deal of relevant documentation available here.

The Edubuntu DVD is built from the exact same repositories as the Ubuntu discs and other official derivatives so it's not necessary to change flavors if you have a preinstalled flavor of Ubuntu you can simply add to an existing Ubuntu system whatever missing pieces you require.

As an example, the following educational bundles are available in the repositories

ubuntu-edu-preschool - Preschool educational application bundle
ubuntu-edu-primary - Primary ( ages 6-12) educational application bundle
ubuntu-edu-secondary - Secondary ( ages 13-18) educational application bundle
ubuntu-edu-tertiary - Tertiary ( university level ) educational application bundle

You can also install all Edubuntu packages, including artwork by installing the edubuntu-desktop package.

It doesn't appear that the texlive or texstudio packages are contained in any of these educational bundles but you can install them separately as needed.

Note that installation of any of these packages requires that you first enable the Universe repository

That said, If the content you want to share is on the Edubuntu Live CD, it might be simpler and easier to simply use This:

Edubuntu can be downloaded here

Edit: Preventing users from installing anything on their systems will take a bit of work on your part. You will have to somehow insure that the users can't boot via live media (USB/Optical Disk). This can typically be accomplished by Setting the boot order to boot from the hard disk only and then password protecting the BIOS. If you've managed to do this, simply not providing them with the administrative password (and not allowing them to see you enter it) should do the trick. The users can still find ways to bypass this for example if they know the administrative accounts user name

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edubuntu

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Terminal_Server_Project

https://www.edubuntu.org/about

https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/289458/download-and-installation-of-latex-for-linux-ubuntu

Is there a way to block installations of programs on Ubuntu?

My rusty memory ;-)


Nevermind, Problem solved

I just need to go to the directory and then use ./crunch

cd /pentest/passwords/crunch
./crunch


I would like to install Ubuntu on a new HDD, which unzipped files do I burn to CD?

The official Ubuntu 12.04 downloads are all ISOs, not ZIP files.

Download from the official site here (Right-click, Save Target as...) and then burn the ISO with Brasero, Nero, etc:

http://releases.ubuntu.com/precise/


Just getting started with ubuntu and want to know how to access the full hard drive

You can install GParted 2 ways :

with a terminal :

sudo apt-get install gparted

or graphically :

Open Ubuntu Software Center.
Type "gparted" in the search bar.
Click on the line were gparted in written.
Click on the install button that appears on the right.


Problem with sudo apt-get update on Ubuntu 14.04 virtual machine

I didn't understand your problem but you may try this. By this may be you able to install packages using apt-get.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30316812/ubuntu-apt-get-unable-to-fetch-packages/35096935#35096935


When is LibreOffice 4.0 coming to Ubuntu 12.10 as an update?

LibreOffice 4.0 is a major release, and hence may not be available in Ubuntu 12.10 via Software Updater (reason already mentioned by @vasa1 in a comment to your question, I'd recommend to read this answer of the same thread).

But if you're still interested in installing LO 4.0 in your box, WebUp8's Guide should get that done (and I don't think process explained there is that complicated). ;-)

And if its still complex for you, let's make it easier FTW. Here you go.

If you're using any previous versions of LO4 (Beta, RC, etc.) Better you follow up the link I've provided above ('cause you're already brave then). If not, do as follows.

Grab appropriate .deb installer (technically, it'll be a .tar archive) for your version of Ubuntu here.
The one you downloaded is one giant TAR archive (~160+ MBs), and now real work starts.
Go to your home folder and create a new folder called libreoffice and put that TAR file in here. Now open terminal using short-cut Ctrl+Alt+T and navigate to libreoffice folder by running command cd libreoffice.
Now extract the archive by running tar xvf libreoffice_downloaded_file.tar (be sure to replace with actual file name you've downloaded.
Once extraction is done, run following command to install sudo dpkg -i *.deb. It'll ask for password and once installation is done, exit terminal and look for LibreOffice 4 apps in Unity Dash.

Cheers. :-)


Trying to connect a Samsung m2020w printer to wireless network

You will need a little networking knowhow to get your Samsung setup wirelessly. It doesn t appear the control panel gives you the option of lower case letters. I first wire connected the printer to an open port on the router. When the connection was established I printed out the network settings in order to obtain the printer s wired IP address. I opened up my browser and typed in the IP address (eg. 192.168.1.x) which connected me to the network interface on the Samsung printer. From there I clicked Network > Wireless and was able to find my SSID and enter in my password (which included upper case, lower case, and numbers.) I removed the wired cable from the printer and router and the printer was able to establish a wireles connection.

Source(s):
https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20111020020118AAsID9Q


The problem is that sudo virtualbox is used to launch VirtualBox, which would create the VMs in the root's home directory, and so this would require sudo to read any VMs. The errors here are just warnings from Qt and can be safely ignored.


This is advice from rodpott on another forum posting that helped my wife's XPS14z get much better reception. (I swapped nano for vi, but gedit may be best for most)

sudo vi /usr/lib/pm-utils/power.d/wireless

search for

iwl*) if [ -f "/sys/class/net/$1/device/power_level" ]; then
iwlevel_ac=0
iwlevel_batt=3

and change it to:

iwl*) if [ -f "/sys/class/net/$1/device/power_level" ]; then
iwlevel_ac=0
iwlevel_batt=0

Also, there is an issue with something called CAM and improper adherence to the standard in many routers.  SOURCE  That may be why a new router solved the issue.


How to set unique folders for several e-mail accounts?

If Thunderbird can search for work-related mails, for example because you tagged them as "work" or they are sent from some address @your-company.com, you can save that search as a virtual folder. This virtual folder will be assigned to one of your mail accounts and displayed in its list of folders, but you can configure it to search in any folder of any account.

Do a search for your work-related mails, for example "Tags include 'work'" or "From includes 'my-company.com'". At the bottom of that dialog, there should be a button to store that search as a virtual folder.

Pressing that button should give you another dialog. There you can set the virtual folders name, at which account it should be displayed, which folders it should search in and the search criteria.

With that, you can for example create a virtual folder called "work for my-company.com" under your Gmail account, that searches in Gmail/work, Yahoo/work and Yahoo/other-stuff for mails that have been sent from an @my-company.com address or are tagged "work".


How can I run the Wubi installer in a different language?

Open up a command prompt window. (Press Windows Key+R, then type cmd.)
Run wubi.exe with the --language option. Use the appropriate two-letter language code. Here's an example:

f:\wubi.exe --language=en


Ubuntu in VMware player won't detect multiple screens anymore

This is a known issue with the kernel that ships with Ubuntu 16.04 (4.4, I believe), in combination with open-vm-tools.
Upgrading the kernel to 4.6 fixed this issue for me.

Here are the upgrade steps:
http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2016/05/install-linux-kernel-4-6-ubuntu-16-04/


How can I install Ubuntu on Raspberry Pi?

Ubuntu is not supported on the original Raspberry Pi. You can use Raspian(Debian), Fedora or ArchLinux on the original or Check this Raspberry Pi if you are using Raspberry Pi 2.


Download a program called Yumi, a Win program, then make your  bootable usb.

Running YUMI from LINUX: WINE has previously worked for running YUMI from a Linux OS, with the exception of Fat32 Formatting the USB drive.

The YUMI UEFI version is a work in progress that utilize GRUB2 for both EFI and BIOS booting.


Install Ubuntu MSI GP72. ACPI : EC: Fail in evaluating the _REG object of EC device. Broken bios is suspected

I had the same problem with Ubuntu (16.04 & 14.04) on a "MSI GP62 Leopard Pro"

I made it to boot correctly by adding at the end of the boot line (after "quiet splash") :

  nomodeset acpi_osi=

(you can access the command line by typing "e" when you see the grub ("Try Ubuntu" / "Install Ubuntu" / ...)

more information here


"new partion table" option is not active while installing ubuntu 13.10

You have to create a seperate ext4 partition on that 70 GB unallocated space.So that the installer will detects and install Ubuntu on that partition.


What you need to do is related to the programs gcc and ld.
Environment variables C_INCLUDE_PATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH are places to search for headers and libraries respectively. The gcc options -l and -L are of use, it's usual to declare something like

LIBRARIES= -lcs

LIBDIR=-L/usr/local/lib

Then use these make-variables in the commands run by each rule.
If you installed these libraries using apt-get there may be package config data available see command pkg-config


I don't know if this is relevant to your question. but this is how I partition in any linux distro.

sdx1 ext4 30gb /root

sdx2 swap (same size with my ram) /swap

sdx3 ext4 100gb or the remaining space /home

sdx4 ntfs (remaining space-optional if I need a backup or I need to go back in ms without destroying my backup files ) /


How do I switch between windows on one desktop on Ubuntu 18.04?

Install Tweaks and shell extensions by running

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks gnome-shell-extensions

Then open Tweaks and go to Extensions:
enable Alternatetab, customize it: tick Show only windows in the current workspace.


Ubuntu Budgie 18.04 - ‘Night Light’ flickers occasionally

I've had that same problem and was able to find the source of the problem.

I had another program installed before 18.04 called "Red Shift" that was conflicting with the "Night light" feature. I removed that program and the issue was fixed since then.

You should check if you do not have another program that tries to manage the screen at the same time.


Flash Player plug-in could not be added to firefox or opera plug-ins!

Visit http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/  Then Select Version as APT for Ubuntu 11.04+  Them Click Download Button, Terminal will be opend....Please protect your inernet connection from disconnecting.


Missing Ubuntu When format windows again

It looks like your Ubuntu installation was completely erased when you installed Windows 10.

You have to install Ubuntu again. Ubuntu should find the unallocated 72.63 GB space in the extended partition /dev/sda4 when you select the option of installing Ubuntu side by side Windows 10. If it does not, then use the option something else and then manually select the unallocated space. Set it to format as ext4 and select mountpoint /.

You may or may not need a separate partition for Swap partition. If you do, you will need to make that out of that unallocated space as well.

Hope this helps


Libreoffice: lower part is not getting printed

Wow I just found the answer to that.

click print
properties
click paper
in paper size
click and scroll down to the last
select chilean

That's the size paper for 13"x8.5" (Long Bond Paper)

I hope it helps.


How Can I Install A Steam game On A Flash Drive

You plug in your flash drive.
Open Steam and from the menu
Choose Settings.
Go to the Downloads tab on top.
Click on the button "steam library folders".
Then Add library folder.
Choose the folder that your flash drive is mounted in. Should be in /media.
Create a new folder and select it. Your folder should be added to the list.
Close settings. When you download a game you will be asked which library you want to install it to.


What does "Memory unclaimed" mean in lshw output?

You have a new RAM controller that is not recognized properly by lshw yet.
It is not an issue at all, because all you RAM is working properly according to the free command.


No grub kernel entries after upgrade to 20.04 - system boots into BIOS

No explanation what really happened, but solved for me:

After forced reinstalling grub2-common, kernel menuentries where generated again and the system could boot.


How to get Ubuntu to look like Windows XP?

Lubuntu? Uses LXDE GUI and based at Ubuntu distributive. Good solution for a weak computer. Same you can install LXDE on your Ubuntu distributive.


You can use find . -type d to list the directories. find command with iname option will filter out the results that is needed for you.

To get the modified files, -mmin should work perfectly. Also give a try with -mtime option. Apart from this to get the modified files under a directory, you can use dnotify program. Check this man page for usage.

Redirect the output a log file find /Users/ghanshyam -type f -mmin -5 -print > modified_log

About the options available for running your command:

Write a script to run the command every 5 mins with sleep interval
create a cron job
use watch command and put it in background
create a daemon


I once found a solution for this and it probably still works.

sudo -H gedit /var/lib/gdm/.gconf.mandatory/%gconf-tree.xml

Locate this part:

<dir name="accessibility">
<dir name="keyboard">
<entry name="enable" ... type="bool" value="true"/>
</dir>
</dir>

and set enable to false.

Edit: I changed it after I posted this and can confirm it still works. Icon for accessibility is gone from the login screen.


How to change the default permission when creating a file in ubuntu

I got the answer with green7's help. When I use sudo with other commands, the owner is root and when I use command without sudo, the owner is me.


How do I decrease the font size on the default Unity theme?

Install Tweak Ubuntu or Unity Tweak tool to fiddle with the settings which include font sizes...

http://www.howtogeek.com/112974/how-to-customize-ubuntu-with-ubuntu-tweak/

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/02/introducing-unity-tweak-tool


Quick way to dump a Wordpress database without digging through configuration files?

Well while writing the question a few ideas popped into my head. This is the first and it appears to work. Instead of trying to manually parse out the wp-config.php file (which could be in any order), I'm going to pick the lines I actually want and make PHP do all the heavy lifting. Here's what I've got:

eval $((echo '<?php'; awk '/^define/' wp-config.php; echo 'print "mysqldump -u".DB_USER." -p".DB_PASSWORD." ".DB_NAME." > database-".DB_NAME."-\$(date +%F).sql\n";') | php)

What this is actually doing is making a fake PHP script in the pipe, sending that to PHP and then using the output to execute. Here's what we have before PHP processes it:

<?php
define('DB_NAME', 'my_lovely_database');
define('DB_USER', 'oli');
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'oli');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
define('DB_COLLATE', '');
define ('WPLANG', '');
print "mysqldump -u".DB_USER." -p".DB_PASSWORD." ".DB_NAME." > database-".DB_NAME."-\$(date +%F).sql\n";

When that runs in php, it generates a line like so:

mysqldump -uoli -poli my_lovely_database > database-my_lovely_database-2014-05-14.sql

And we tell bash to run that and it creates a new database backup.

Save this as a function or alias in bash and you'll live a long and happy life.


Where do log messages go with journald and rsyslog

Message storage locations

journald message storage

When it's time to clean up older messages in journald (I do it monthly) you can see the files where messages are stored:

Deleted archived journal /var/log/journal/1ff17e6df1874fb3b2a75e669fa978f1/system@00059368465fc63c-5ca08f36fa6e6f04.journal~ (32.0M).
Deleted archived journal /var/log/journal/1ff17e6df1874fb3b2a75e669fa978f1/user-1000@0005936848a6d1ec-316ff74be646031e.journal~ (8.0M).

As you can see the file names are very long and cryptic.

syslog message storage

syslog messages are kept in a more traditional filename format:

$ ll /var/log/syslog*
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm   2161 Nov 29 04:47 /var/log/syslog
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 159700 Nov 29 04:32 /var/log/syslog.1
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm  24466 Nov 28 04:27 /var/log/syslog.2.gz
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm  23489 Nov 27 04:30 /var/log/syslog.3.gz
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm  28087 Nov 26 04:28 /var/log/syslog.4.gz
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm  28300 Nov 25 04:30 /var/log/syslog.5.gz
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm  27445 Nov 24 05:36 /var/log/syslog.6.gz
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm  27460 Nov 23 08:25 /var/log/syslog.7.gz

The filenames ending in .gz have compressed data to save space on disk.

Messages recorded are not the same

A quick test reveals the two message logging systems aren't exact duplicates. We'll put a message into the system with logger command and then search for it and display the five lines before it.

$ logger $0 "ygoe to two logs?"

$ cat /var/log/syslog | grep ygoe -a5
Nov 27 20:53:35 alien upowerd[2032]: message repeated 3 times: [ (upowerd:2032): UPower-Linux-WARNING **: treating change event as add on /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-9/1-9:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.017E/0003:046D:101A.017F/power_supply/hidpp_battery_63]
Nov 27 20:54:23 alien upowerd[2032]: (upowerd:2032): UPower-Linux-WARNING **: treating change event as add on /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-9/1-9:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.017E/0003:046D:2010.0180/power_supply/hidpp_battery_64
Nov 27 20:59:25 alien wpa_supplicant[1591]: wlp60s0: WPA: Group rekeying completed with ae:20:2e:cc:94:50 [GTK=CCMP]
Nov 27 21:00:02 alien CRON[24890]: (root) CMD (/usr/bin/updatedb)
Nov 27 21:07:48 alien upowerd[2032]: (upowerd:2032): UPower-Linux-WARNING **: treating change event as add on /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-9/1-9:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.017E/0003:046D:2010.0180/power_supply/hidpp_battery_64
Nov 27 21:08:22 alien rick: bash ygoe to two logs?

$ journalctl -xe | grep ygoe -a5
Nov 27 20:59:25 alien wpa_supplicant[1591]: wlp60s0: WPA: Group rekeying completed with ae:20:2e:cc:94:50 [GTK=CCMP]
Nov 27 21:00:01 alien CRON[24881]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Nov 27 21:00:01 alien CRON[24890]: (root) CMD (/usr/bin/updatedb)
Nov 27 21:00:04 alien CRON[24881]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
Nov 27 21:07:48 alien upowerd[2032]: (upowerd:2032): UPower-Linux-WARNING **: treating change event as add on /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-9/1-9:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.017E/0003:046D:2010.0180/power_supply/hidpp_battery_64
Nov 27 21:08:22 alien rick[8000]: bash ygoe to two logs?

As you can see journalctl provides more details than syslog. Additionally journalctl:

gives you more control on searches.
Provides quicker multiple boot log access (once you enable it: How to find previous boot log after Ubuntu 16.04+ restarts?)
More options for controlling size of logs: Systemd logs (`journalctl`) are too large and slow

There was debate among developers about duplicating journald and syslog a few years  ago however, I couldn't find the link just now.


Cant boot windows from usb because of grub error

Seems like you broke your grub, grub rescue in which you are right now wont work as it wont recognize most commands you put in. If you want get back windows bootloader you need a windows disk and then you will have to boot from it. Select repair your computer instead of install now and follow wizard. Either open startup repair to do autmoated repair or open a command prompt for manual. Now fix your mbr and bootsector,

bootrec /fixmbr
bootrec /fixboot

That would be enough. Reboot and you will have your windoze bootloader back, if not you will have to get back to command prompt and type in

bootsect /nt60 all

Reboot afterwards. goodluck.


ThinkPad hard-drive motion detection support

HDAPS daemon for IBM/Lenovo ThinkPads and Apple iBooks/PowerBooks

This is a disk protection user-space daemon. It monitors the acceleration
values through the HDAPS or AMS interface and automatically initiates disk
head parking if a fall or sliding of the laptop is detected.

It is recommended that you use this daemon with the hdaps module provided
by tp-smapi rather the one in the kernel, as this will save you a bit
power and will work on a wider range of ThinkPads.

See synaptic or the software center to install.

REF:
http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/How_to_protect_the_harddisk_through_APS

hdapsd package: http://packages.debian.org/unstable/misc/hdapsd


copy ssh private keys to another computer

Check the permissions and ownership of your private key file. From the manual,

  These files contain sensitive data and should be readable by the user but not accessible by others (read/write/execute). ssh will simply ignore a private key file if it is accessible by others.

Typically the key files should look like this,

$ ls -l ~/.ssh/id_rsa*
-rw------- 1 benj benj 1766 Jun 22  2011 .ssh/id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 benj benj  388 Jun 22  2011 .ssh/id_rsa.pub

which you can enforce via:

$ chown benj:benj ~/.ssh/id_rsa*
$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
$ chmod 644 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub


Can't use Ubuntu fonts in PHP script using exec() function because of permission/ownership

Assuming you are using the fontspec package, and according to the fontspec package documentation (page 9), you should be able to place the desired fonts in a folder where apache get the correct rights:

To load a font that is not in one of the default search paths, its
location in the filesystem must be specified with the Path feature:

\setmainfont{texgyrepagella}[
    Path           = /var/www/myProject/Fonts/ ,
    UprightFont    = *-regular ,
    BoldFont       = *-bold ,
... ]


FIXED !! thanks to jpoc on ubuntu-fr.org
vsftpd checks for the user's homedir even if i t snot navigating it ...
if not created ( the user never loggued in via ssh ) the home dir is not created and vsftpd closes the connection
a simple
sudo mkhomedir_helper UserName
fixes the issue :)


Use "pppoeconf" command without double quotes in root.
It will scan for every internet connection of your computer give yes when it provide dialog box and then after completing scanning restart your computer.
Then , it will automatically connect to internet just click on web browser.


Installation help for friend with Dell PC

Download uNetbootin
Download the ISO of 32-bit (because the PC have less than 2GB of RAM)
Use uNetbootin to burn the ISO on the USB.
Go to the BIOS of your friend computer and select to start by USB.
Do the installation.

Hope that it solved your problem. Sorry for bad English


Play audio throught multiple audio devices (without using UI)

You could define a new device in your ~/.asoundrc or in /etc/asound.conf:

pcm.both {
    type plug
    slave.pcm {
        type multi
        slaves.a {
            pcm "hw:0"   # or whatever
            channels 2
        }
        slaves.b {
            pcm "hw:1"   # ...
            channels 2
        }
        bindings [
            { slave a channel 0 }
            { slave a channel 1 }
            { slave b channel 0 }
            { slave b channel 1 }
        ]
    }
    ttable [
        [ 1 0 1 0 ]
        [ 0 1 0 1 ]
    ]
}

Then use the both device name: aplay -D both something.wav.

If the clock speeds of these devices do not exactly match, the multi plugin will eventually over-/underrun one of the device's buffers
(PulseAudio would be able to resample on the fly).


Since you have said that the dbus method is fine, that what I will post, plus some extra.

There is a way to turn off the screen through dbus service:

qdbus com.canonical.Unity /com/canonical/Unity/Session com.canonical.Unity.Session.ActivateScreenSaver/

There is also a way to programmatically alter brightness to lowest setting, namely

qdbus  org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Power /org/gnome/SettingsDaemon/Power org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Power.Screen.SetPercentage 0

The value 0 at the end is to set the brightness to lowest percentage, but it could be anything , an unsigned integer.

Thanks to this answer , there is also another approach:

xset dpms force off

I suggest you bind the xset dpms force off and xset dpms force on to two shortcuts on the keyboard, because this turns off the screen, it does not act as screen saver, so you will need methods to turn on and off the screen at will.

However,that may or may not work, depending on the graphics card. In my experience, with this command I can set one laptop with Intel graphics that I have to completely turn off the screen , but the other one with AMD doesn't completely turn off.

The less clean way is to find what is in your /sys/class/backlight/ directory, for instance I have the /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight with brightness file in it. With root privilleges you can edit that file and set it to some value you like.

There is way to change brightness with xrandr however that's a software solution - it does not actually decrease power delivered to the screen, hence I'll omit it here


I haven't got ntpd, is that going to cause issues in v16.04?

By default Ubuntu installs and uses systemd-timesyncd, which provides automatic time synchronization with a (predefined or administrator-defined) NTP server; if you install ntpd (probably because you want to make the computer a NTP server) then systemd-timesyncd will be automatically disabled.

You should make sure that your computer has the correct time. To check that your computer is synchronized use the command

timedatectl

This will display the time synchronization status:

$ timedatectl
      Local time: Thu 2017-01-03 13:59:13 CET
  Universal time: Thu 2017-01-03 12:59:13 UTC
        RTC time: Thu 2017-01-03 12:59:14
       Time zone: Europe/Paris (CET, +0100)
 Network time on: yes
NTP synchronized: yes
 RTC in local TZ: no


Ubuntu 16 04 device descriptor read/64 error 110

You have 1 of 2 scenarios here.

either you have a broken kernel module that's trying to load at boot time
you have secure boot enabled in your BIOS and you've added a kernel module (via DKMS, or otherwise)

It's easiest to fix #2 first. Try turning off secure boot in your BIOS and see if that fixes the problem.

Report back.

ps: remember that in a Windows/Ubuntu dual-boot system, you'll want to turn off fast start in the power control panel, and turn off hibernation with powercfg /h off in an elevated command prompt window.


Okay,let's take everything from start:

Install docky using  sudo apt-get install docky typed in terminal.

Run by typing docky or via Accessories->Docky,which will give you as start of the output the text that you typed,but thats not all.

Make sure you have the latest libraries that must be installed to run docky(as found at the official docky site):

* bzr (>= 0.92)
* dbus-sharp-1.0
* dbus-sharp-glib-1.0
* gconf-2.0
* gconf-sharp-2.0
* gconftool-2
* gdk-2.0
* gdk-x11-2.0
* gio-sharp-2.0
* glib-2.0
* glib-sharp-2.0
* gobject-2.0
* gtk+-2.0
* gtk-sharp-2.0
* gnome-desktop-sharp-2.0
* gnome-keyring-sharp-1.0
* mono-addins, mono-addins-gui, mono-addins-setup
* mono-cairo
* notify-sharp
* libtool
* mono-gmcs
* rsvg-sharp-2.0
* wnck-sharp-1.0

Then you should be able to run the program.


Install Docker on Ubuntu 16.04: 404 Not Found

Your software source is likely wrong. If you use the command listed here the command should look like:

add-apt-repository deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial stable

This is also more or less the new line that is added to /etc/apt/sources.lst


So, I'm going to answer myself. As the snap version of Brackets available in Ubuntu 20.04 seems to be slightly broken (and outdated), I have tried to install Brackets from deb package. The only problem is, the most recent deb version available this day, requires libcurl3. Ubuntu 20.04 is equipped with libcurl4, so downgrading seems not clever.

In the discussion here https://dev.to/jake/using-libcurl3-and-libcurl4-on-ubuntu-1804-bionic-184g, a nice solution was provided. Following the steps proposed by mr. Thomas (https://dev.to/lin4fun), it is possible to change the package dependency from libcurl3 to libcurl4. Here are the steps:

Download the .deb installer file
Inside the folder your downloaded the file run dpkg-deb -R ./Brackets.Release.1.xx.64-bit.deb Brackets
Edit file Brackets/DEBIAN/control and replace libcurl3 with libcurl4
Rebuild .deb installer running dpkg-deb -b Brackets Brackets-fixed.deb
Install Brackets using the fixed installer running sudo dpkg -i Brackets-fixed.deb

As for me, it looks like the "fixed" version of Brackets is working fine. Extension manager is working as expected, the left, file panel is visisble. I hope, any unexpected, not backward compatible libcurl function won't destroy my happiness now.  At least, for my small, local jobs, Brackets seems to work fine now.


Fans running very fast on MacBook Pro 8.1

Installing applesmc-dkms might be helpful.

I had full fan speed problem just after installing macfanctld in MacMini 6.2. Then I installed applesmc-dkm, and did sudo sensors-detect.

The next time I restarted and the fan was normal, also the command sensors is showing the fan speed too.


Are there any good command line tools for compressing/decompressing snappy?

Here's a gem that I found long back on the arch forums, before you use it you should have 7zip and unrar or other tools to handle the formats you need to extract.

# File extractor
# usage: extract <file>
extract ()
{
  if [ -f $1 ] ; then
    case $1 in
      *.tar.bz2)   tar xjf $1   ;;
      *.tar.gz)    tar xzf $1   ;;
      *.bz2)       bunzip2 $1   ;;
      *.rar)       unrar x $1     ;;
      *.gz)        gunzip $1    ;;
      *.tar)       tar xf $1    ;;
      *.tbz2)      tar xjf $1   ;;
      *.tgz)       tar xzf $1   ;;
      *.zip)       unzip $1     ;;
      *.Z)         uncompress $1;;
      *.7z)        7z x $1      ;;
      *.snz)       snunzip $1      ;;
      *)           echo "'$1' cannot be extracted via extract()" ;;
    esac
  else
    echo "'$1' is not a valid file"
  fi
}

To use it, you must add this to your .bash_profile or .profile after that is done you can use extract to decompress all sort of archives from the command line. The syntax is extract name-of-archive

You can use it with snappy too, you need to install this however before it'll work.


Ok, boot up a Windows 7 disc.

Select your keyboard options.

Now, click next. Then click 'Repair your Computer...'

Now select 'Command Prompt'.

Now, type cd\, then enter. Then type fdisk, then enter. If it says 'Do you want to continue?' press 'Y', and then enter.

As you can see, you can create partitions. Create one that's DOS-based (A primary one.)

Then, delete the Linux-based one.

Installing Windows 7

Now, this is quite easy. Boot off the Windows 7 disc.

Set the keyboard settings.

Then, click 'Install Now.'

At the installation type screen, click 'Custom'.

Now, click the only option.

Now, type your PC name, and user account.

Follow the steps and you will have Windows in no time!

Hope this helps!


How to format Ubunutu 14.04 from laptop?

https://craftedflash.com/info/how-boot-computer-from-usb-flash-drive

Try to press these Boot Menu keys rapidly on booting.

[F2] for BIOS, [ESC] for boot menu (ASUS P53E)

Also please connect your bootable usb to USB 2.0 port

Boot examples from my computer:

Legacy Boot:

UEFI Boot:

I have created bootable usb from this image on Windows (How to):

MD5(ubuntu-14.04-desktop-amd64.iso)= dccff28314d9ae4ed262cfc6f35e5153

Could be the solution: I think you are making a legacy boot. Make sure your hard disk(or ssd) listed in boot menu immediately after your USB drive.

In addition, use USB 2.0 port not USB 3.0


Will HWE update be pushed out automatically after Aug. 7

Nothing will likely get automatically updated (there are people still using EOL releases), but in this case, both instructions in the message will still work after August 7.


How to remove the some applications I don't use from Xubuntu?

Here's a script to find the package names:

programs_to_rm=('Application Finder' 'Notes' 'Onboard' 'Orage Globaltime' 'Screenshot')

results=()
for prog in "${programs_to_rm[@]}"; do
    result="$(grep -lR -m1 "^Name=$prog$" /usr/share/applications | tail -n1)"
    result="$(dpkg -S "$result" | head -n1)"
    results+=("${result%%: *}")
done

echo "${results[@]}"

Basically, this should work:

sudo apt-get remove xfce4-appfinder xfce4-notes onboard orage xfce4-screenshooter

To remove the Electronics section:

Command:

sudo -H nano "$(grep -lRm1 'Arduino IDE' /usr/share/applications)"

Press Ctrl+W, then type Categories=Enter. Edit the line to remove Electronics;.


Bash - Check directory for files against list of partial file names

Walk over the files, create an associative array over the uuids contained in their names (I used parameter expansion to extract the uuid). The, read the list, check the associative array for each uuid and report whether the file was recorded or not.

#!/bin/bash
uuid_list=...

declare -A file_for
for file in *_*_* ; do
    uuid=${file%%_*}
    file_for[$uuid]=1
done

while read -r uuid name ; do
    [[ $uuid = \#* ]] && continue
    if [[ ${file_for[$uuid]} ]] ; then
        echo "File for $name has arrived."
    else
        echo "File for $name missing!"
    fi
done < "$uuid_list"


How to get video audio stream using ffmpeg pipe fdkaac m4a?

ffmpeg + fdkaac
fdkaac is only an audio encoder. You can have fdkaac encode the audio, then re-mux with ffmpeg:
ffmpeg -i input.mkv -f wav - | fdkaac -p 2 -m 0  -a 1 - -o audio.m4a
ffmpeg -i input.mkv -i audio.m4a -map 0:v -map 1:a -c copy output.mkv

ffmpeg by itself
An alternative method is to compile ffmpeg with libfdk_aac support. See FFmpeg Wiki: Ubuntu Compile Guide for detailed instructions. Then you can do it all in one command:
ffmpeg -i input.mkv -map 0 -c copy -c:a libfdk_aac output.mkv


I'm fcitx dev, I think I fix this in 0.3.2.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Try manually removing the line with PY in boshiamy.conf (/usr/share/fcitx/table) before the updates hit the repo.


you can connect to internet by cable connection . and you can open adddional drivers. you will see you wifi driver . install it.

and ubuntu newer come codec to play anything you must install in ubuntu software center .


I'm permanently the sole user of my machine, how can I make it so all files/folders/dirs ect. are set to me as the owner?

You don't really want that.
Files that belong to users other than the logged in user (belonging to root or an other system user, as e.g. the printer driver system, some database etc.) should not be touched (thrown to the trash bin) by that user.
If you unintentionally created a file as root, e.g. by starting a text editor with sudo and saving the file to your home directory, you can change that file to you as the owner and owning group by
sudo chown b1tchin:b1tchin filename.txt

(replace "b1tchin" by your username and "filename.txt" by the file name).
To change the owner of a whole directory to you, use the "-R" flag for "recursive":
sudo chown -R b1tchin:b1tchin folderName

As we said: DO NOT do this with any system folder (/usr, /root, /, /boot, /etc...), but ONLY with folders in your home directory or you WILL break your system.
By the way: sudo remembers your password for some minutes (15 I think is the standard). So to do some things using sudo root privileges, you can do that without a lot of extra typing.
Hope I could help
-- Streunekater


How to stop screen tearing by enabling Vertical Retrace Synchronization (vsync)

You are using the amdgpu driver, which is correct for your video card. In the config file that you added, you are referring to a driver you are not using (radeon).

What happens if you change the respective settings to the following:

Section "Device"
  Identifier "AMD"
  Driver "amdgpu"
  Option "TearFree" "true"
  Option "DRI" "3"
EndSection

?


when doing installation, select custom partitioning.

make partition on ssd, mount point / (or what ever you want) then on HDD make partition and set mountpoint as /home


Right-click on the desktop and choose Create Launcher from the context-menu to create custom launchers.

You can also choose any program from the application-menu with a right-click and select Add to Desktop from the context-menu.


Cannot connect to Internet from Terminal and other programs (authentincation involved)

I'm working in a similar environment, and I've solved the problem as follows:
1) install and configure CNTLM:
sudo apt-get install cntlm
sudo nano /etc/cntlm.conf
2) enter in cntlm.conf proxy settings & login credentials for your network
3) point your browser(s)' proxy settings to http://localhost:3128/
4) add these 3 lines to ~/.bashrc or to global /etc/bash.bashrc
export http_proxy=http://localhost:3128/
export https_proxy=http://localhost:3128/
export ftp_proxy=http://localhost:3128/
5) logout and login again: everything should work!

Bye


Ubuntu 16.04 streaming video has no sound

Thanks to mchid for pointing me out to the right direction, followed his instructions above (Sometimes firefox automatically mutes itself and you have to go and raise the volume for each video. When this happens, you have to go to System Settings > Sound > Applications and then turn up the volume for firefox there.) and this solved my problem


From the read me:

  Here you can find source files(tar.gz).
  Precompiled packages for different systems and repositories are available at "Build Service":http://build.opensuse.org/project/repositories?project=home:ahajda:winexe.

This gets me to:

http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/ahajda:/winexe/xUbuntu_12.10/i386/
http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/ahajda:/winexe/xUbuntu_12.04/

and a debian installer for 12.10 and 12.04. Looks to me you can install it with Ubuntu software center:

and

I do not see a problem installing it (nor the need ;) ):

winexe
winexe version 1.00
This program may be freely redistributed under the terms of the GNU GPLv3
Usage: winexe [-?] [-?] [-?] [-?NP] [-?NPV] [-?|--help] [--usage] [-d|--debuglevel DEBUGLEVEL]
    [--debug-stderr] [-s|--configfile CONFIGFILE] [--option=name=value]
    [-l|--log-basename LOGFILEBASE] [--leak-report] [--leak-report-full]
    [-R|--name-resolve NAME-RESOLVE-ORDER]
    [-O|--socket-options SOCKETOPTIONS] [-n|--netbiosname NETBIOSNAME]
    [-S|--signing on|off|required] [-W|--workgroup WORKGROUP]
    [--realm=REALM] [-i|--scope SCOPE] [-m|--maxprotocol MAXPROTOCOL]
    [-U|--user [DOMAIN/]USERNAME[%PASSWORD]] [-N|--no-pass]
    [--password=STRING] [-A|--authentication-file FILE] [-P|--machine-pass]
    [--simple-bind-dn=STRING] [-k|--kerberos STRING] [-V|--version]
    [--uninstall] [--reinstall] [--system]
    [--runas=[DOMAIN\]USERNAME%PASSWORD] [--runas-file=FILE]
    [--interactive=0|1] [--ostype=0|1|2] //host command


ntfsresize -b -f not working chkdsk /r freezing

Messing around with recovery tools while booted from a failing drive is probably never going to work and the more you use that drive the higher the chances of losing all the data on it are.

Running partition resizing and editing can be risky at the best of times (if you lose power in the middle for instance) Doing so on a flaky drive is asking for trouble, which is why the tools won't run if they detect anything out of the ordinary.

If you really care about these files accept you need to buy a new hard drive. If you lost everything on the drive would you care or would you happily pay the cost of a drive to prevent this in hindsight? A new ~350GB drive is pretty cheap.

If you don't care much about the data, really can't replace the drive and insist on running it until the bitter end I suggest messing around with partitioning tools as little as possible. Forget about reclaiming free disk space from the broken partition, you are probably just lucky that your Ubuntu install is in an error free part of the drive (for now).
Also, forget about ntfsundelete, that works for deleted files on a working drive, not corrupted files in a broken partition.

If you value your data I suggest:

Stop using the drive to run the system from!
Try and copy the files to another drive while booted from a recovery disk.
Otherwise, try and access them from another system. Have you tried installing the drive as a secondary disk in another windows system or connecting it via an external usb case?


Why am I loosing keyboard control in Remmina?

I had this pop up again after upgrade from xubuntu 18.04 to 20.04. I am attaching an image of my setting from remmina-preferences-rdp that fixed it for me. I don't understand why but the 100% setting and unchecking use client keyboard mapping fixed it for me in 18.04 and 20.04


How to auto indent the characters of rb, erb, .html.erb files?

In the Preferences menu of gedit navigate to theEditor tab, there you can enable automatic indentation (tick the box to activate it).


Preparing an external hard disk to boot Ubuntu in either BIOS/CSM/legacy mode or in EFI/UEFI mode is possible but tricky. I don't have a step-by-step procedure for this, but I do have some tips and recommendations:

Use GPT -- Partition the disk using the GUID Partition Table (GPT), rather than the older Master Boot Record (MBR) system. This will facilitate EFI-mode booting, and it should not preclude BIOS-mode booting of Ubuntu. OTOH, use of GPT will complicate accessing the disk from older or more obscure OSes, such as Windows XP, since they don't support GPT.
Put the Windows-accessible partition first -- Windows treats some external media (especially USB flash drives) as "superfloppies," meaning that it gives you access to just the first partition, even if that partition is one that Windows can't read because it's HFS+, a Linux partition, etc. This restriction might not apply to your particular disk, so I recommend testing this detail before you put too much effort into anything else; and if you have any doubt, put your Windows data partition first on the disk.
Create both a BIOS Boot Partition and an ESP -- A BIOS Boot Partition is a small (~1 MiB) partition that holds part of the BIOS-mode GRUB installation. An EFI System Partition (ESP) is a larger (I recommend 550 MiB) FAT32 partition that holds EFI boot loaders and related files. Although you can do without a BIOS Boot Partition if you use something other than GRUB for the BIOS-mode boot loader, an ESP will be required for your proposed configuration.
Learn to control the computer's boot mode -- For your purpose, it's important that you learn to control whether the computer boots in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode or in EFI/UEFI mode. If you don't know how to do this, you'll install in whichever mode the installer happens to boot in, which may not be optimal for your plan. Unfortunately, details of how to do this vary from one computer to another. Typically, you'll see two options for booting your installation medium, one of which includes the string "UEFI" and the other of which doesn't. Once booted, look for a directory called /sys/firmware/efi. If it's present, you've booted in EFI mode; and if it's absent, you've booted in BIOS mode. If you can't seem to get the Ubuntu installer to boot in the desired mode, it may be missing the relevant boot loader, which means you may need to fiddle with the options of whatever program you use to write the .iso file onto a USB flash drive, or even switch programs altogether.
Install Ubuntu in BIOS mode, then add an EFI-mode boot loader -- If you install Ubuntu in BIOS mode to the disk, you can tell the installer to put GRUB on the external disk. The external disk should then boot in BIOS mode (or on BIOS-only computers). You can then add an EFI-mode boot loader to the ESP, stored as EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi (the "fallback filename"). Note that most installation tools for EFI boot loaders will try to store the boot loader under another filename and register it with the NVRAM, but this is not what you want. One relatively easy way to get the desired behavior is to install the Debian package or PPA for my rEFInd boot manager while booted in BIOS mode. When the rEFInd installer sees it's running in BIOS mode, it will install to the fallback filename. Note, however, that I've not tested this code path in a while, so it's conceivable a bug has crept in. You might also want to read this page of mine, which covers EFI boot loader installation in general terms. If you install Ubuntu in EFI mode, it's likely to work on the first computer but then fail when you try to boot it on another computer. You can fix this by copying the boot loader to the fallback filename, but that's a (minor) hassle even if you know exactly what to do, and a head-banger if you don't.
Lean about Secure Boot -- If any of the computers on which you want to boot your installation uses Secure Boot, you may need to adjust your EFI-mode boot loader. This is one area where GRUB will work better than rEFInd, since Ubuntu's GRUB and Shim (a program that most Linux distributions use to cope with Secure Boot) can work without modification with Secure Boot. Although you can use rEFInd with Shim and Secure Boot (see its documentation on this subject, you may need to jump through some extra hoops to do so, and you'll have to register at least one Machine Owner Key (MOK) with each Secure Boot computer. This may be an acceptable hassle if you want to boot just a couple of your own computers; but if you want to take the disk to random computers or give it to friends or relatives for them to use, having to register MOKs via the poor user interfaces required to do so may not be acceptable.
Test the installed system on multiple computers -- You might think it's working just fine because the system boots on one or two computers, but it might then fail on a third.
Be prepared to start again from scratch -- Your first attempt may well end in failure. If this happens, try to figure out what went wrong and either fix the problem or, if necessary, start again from scratch.


pulseaudio won't start after changing settings

Edit this file /etc/pulse/default.pa and comment out a line containing module-echo-cancel by adding # (hash) at the beginning of the line then restart pulseaudio.


I think your problem wasn't related to overlay scrollbars, but just in case it was:

For a normal scrollbar:

gsettings set com.canonical.desktop.interface scrollbar-mode normal

To revert to the default scrollbar:

gsettings set com.canonical.desktop.interface scrollbar-mode overlay-auto

(I have Lubuntu 14.04 and it works for me :) )


Live USB for installation does not boot, black error screen followed by visual artifacts on a purple screen

Try selecting the nomodeset boot option to tell the kernel to not start video drivers until the system is up and running.
From the purple ubuntu screen press the F6 key. If you don't see this screen, shutdown, boot from the Ubuntu live USB again, and immediately after the BIOS/UEFI splash screen during boot, with BIOS, quickly press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up a GNU GRUB menu screen. With UEFI press (perhaps several times) the Esc key to get to the GNU GRUB menu screen. Sometimes the manufacturer's splash screen is a part of the Windows bootloader, so when you power up the machine it goes straight to the GNU GRUB menu screen, and then pressing Shift is unnecessary.
If you see a screen that looks like the menu in the third screenshot, then scroll down to the next section (Enable nomodeset from GRUB boot menu) and follow the instructions in that section instead.

After pressing F6, press Enter on nomodeset and an "x" will appear to the left of the option. Press Esc to leave the popup menu. The selections are retained at the time the user presses the Esc key. Then use the down arrow key to highlight the Install Ubuntu option and press the Enter key to select it.

The below section is intended to be used when the menu in the first screenshot does not show when booting from the Ubuntu live USB. Otherwise follow the instructions in the first section.
Enable nomodeset from GRUB boot menu
Safe Graphics Mode. A new option is added to the GRUB menu in 19.04 and later which will boot with nomodeset on. This may help you resolve issues on certain graphics cards and allow you to boot and install any proprietary drivers needed by your system.
Immediately after the BIOS/UEFI splash screen during boot, with BIOS, quickly press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up a GNU GRUB menu screen. With UEFI press (perhaps several times) the Esc key to get to the GNU GRUB menu screen. Sometimes the manufacturer's splash screen is a part of the Windows bootloader, so when you power up the machine it goes straight to the GNU GRUB menu screen, and then pressing Shift is unnecessary.
You will see a GNU GRUB menu screen that looks like this:

Press e to enter editing mode. This will bring up a GNU GRUB screen that looks like this:

Use the arrow keys to navigate when screen editing the above screen. Navigate to after the string on this screen that starts with root=. In this example screen the full string is root= followed by UUID= and a hexadecimal string as shown below:
root=UUID=bcf15ef2-a0b2-4753-9558-8399dd12a729

Immediately after this string replace ro quiet splash by nomodeset quiet splash. This change is only temporary — it will just be used once and GRUB won’t remember it in the future. Press Ctrl+X or F10 to boot with the nomodeset option that was added. If you make a mistake, press Esc to go back to the previous screen.
To make the change permanent you need to add it to the /etc/default/grub file. Append nmodeset inside the quotes of the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="...". Then update your grub settings with sudo update-grub.


windows option missing after installing ubuntu

Install Grub bootloader ( If you haven't installed already) open a terminal and run:

  sudo update-grub


Encrypt an existing (important point) directory

Use gpg. First, have the recipient of the files do:

gpg --gen-key

and follow the prompts to generate a 4096-bit RSA key. Then have the recipient do:

gpg --armor --export (name)

where name is the name given for the key in the first step. Then send the output of the command to you. Then you do:

gpg --armor --import

and paste in the key. For increased security, do:

gpg --list-keys --fingerprint

and confirm the fingerprint with the recipient by phone (the public key does not need to be sent confidentially, but it does need to not have been tampered with). Then, to encrypt a file for sending, do:

gpg --encrypt --recipient (name) <file.clear >file.encrypted

To make a single file out of a directory tree, use tar:

tar -f file.clear -C /path/to/directory -c .

You don't need to compress the tar file, as gpg does its own compression. The recipient can use gpg --decrypt to decrypt and then tar -x to unpack the tar file.


How to execute custom command or script in Install section of systemd service file?

As documented in man systemd.unit, there is no facility to run custom commands when a service is enabled. There are some possible alternate designs:

Create a simple bash script that runs the enable command on one line and your customer script on the second line.
Design the other parts of your system that it works when an action is triggered with a service is started instead of enabled. Directives like ExecStartPre= and ExecSTartPost= could help with that.


Setting global environment variable for everyone

The /etc/environment update will only work on the next session, it's not automatically reloaded.

Which means you cannot change it for sessions that have already started for other users.

If you want to "reload" whatever is in the /etc/environment you need the following command:

source /etc/environment

But again it will only work for your own current session, other users won't be affected until they start a new session or run the above command in their own session.


Cisco Anyconnect flashes then disappears

Ok, after much searching and digging-around, I managed to fix this issue by adding the following line to rc.local:

/etc/init.d/vpnagentd_init start

Not sure this is the best solution. But, alas, it is the only one I could find that worked. If anybody more saavy at linux than I could chime-in to let me know if this is a suitable solution or not, it would be very much appreciated. Otherwise, I am marking this as the answer.

Best.


Can't open GUI from Bash from Windows in remote server via ssh -X

I finally managed to solve the problem. These are the steps:

Install Xming or any similar X server to Windows 10.
Open up Bash for Windows and configure the display ENV variable by adding it to your .bashrc:

echo "export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0" >> ~/.bashrc

With Xming running in Window's background, ssh -X the desired remote host and run GUI applications normally.


Run a line command from a web (Clicking in a webpage link)

Your particular example is possible via the apt-uris:

http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/wine

This will open wine in the software centre, giving the user the option to install it.

Running arbitrary commands on any Ubuntu machine is (hopefully) never possible:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrary_code_execution


Go to the Backups settings, go to Overview and check that "automatic backups" is off.


You need the 32-bit version of Wine or Steam. You have an x86 (i386) processor, which means that you cannot use the 64-bit versions of Steam and/or Wine.

Wine is by default 32-bit, but you need to install the correct version of Steam.

Run this command to fix libc.so.6 dependencies:

sudo apt-get install '^libc6.*'

I also recommend avoiding Steam's website installation. Install from Ubuntu repositories via:

sudo apt-get install steam


Have you tired using this safe boot method listed here: How would I boot into the Ubuntu and Windows recovery modes if I removed the options to do so from the Grub menu?
I believe that would give you a few more options to run if you use the
2nd method listed, the one:

If the menu is not normally displayed during boot, hold down the Shift
key as the computer attempts to boot to display the GRUB 2 menu. In
certain circumstances, if holding the Shift key method does not
display the menu pressing the Esc key repeatedly may display the menu.

I'd see if that works and then see if any warnings are listed.
Let us know the results and we can help further. I think we can perhaps rule out any BIOS level issues from what you are telling me. If the stakes are low and you have no other data, it would be faster, but not as "fun" to just try again. (assuming there is no other data on there).


Play a movie in the desktop as a wallpaper?

Here is a tutorial on how to do just this:
http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/08/dreamscene-for-ubuntu-ta-very-much/


To install WMP11, you'll need 'cabextract' and the WMP11 installer. Also make sure your wine version is set to XP.

sudo apt-get install cabextract

Open a terminal and type:

cabextract "/location/to/WMP11/installer.exe" -d $HOME/WMP11

(Obviously, you'll have to write the real path/location to WMP11 file)
Change to the new created dir:

cd $HOME/WMP11

Install WMP11 codecs:

wine wmfdist11

(You'll have to press Ctrl+C (on terminal) after it finishes installing)

wine wmp11

(Also press Ctrl+C after it finishes)
Set Wine version to 2003 and run WMP11

It will pass the genuine check but it will crash. You'll have to kill the process (open the 'System Monitor' and kill setup_wm.exe)
Run WMP11 again and click continue.

Now WMP11 starts, although you can barely see it. To fix it click on 'File', press right and select 'Mask Mode'.

There you go. WMP11 is installed and running.

reference here

But according to Wine HQ windows media player is rated as garbage

For further reference here


AMD Catalyst Control Center Displaying Unknown Discrete Graphics Card

I am having the same graphics card and using samsung laptop. You have to purge the current install drivers. Visit amd support center and by manually providing input select like among desktop and notebook etc, select among the graphics card series like 7xxxm and 8xxxm. Then download it and extract it. Then go to the file saying .run. then go to its properties and under permission check "allow executing file as program". save it. then double click and follow the instruction to install it as you would installing it on windows. Finish it. Reboot. Ta-da. you are done. Now there is one problem. While switching between graphics you have to reboot your pc. 7640 g will give u power saving and go easy on battery backup, while for gaming you can use the 7670m. But 7670M drains the battery lot faster.


Looks like you're not following the standard procedure to install Ubuntu.
Try using the automatic installation instead of doing it manually. This way it should take the default input values.


Can we find out the software components which are currently resident in the memory.

Your question seems to assume that your application is either completely in memory or not. But this is not the case. There are different types of data loaded for an application and all are handled slightly differently:

the binary of the application
shared libraries needed by the application
space allocated by your application for data
memory mapped files allocated by your application

Nevertheless, at any point in time it is mostly at the descretion of the Linux kernel to decide what is actually in memory and what not. Loading data into memory is typically done in pages of 4096 bytes, so even each of 1 to 4 above may be in memory only partly.

The total size of what is in memory for your process is called resident set size, typically called RSS. When you run htop or top or ps it is the column RES or RSS that contains the information you want.

I must admit, however, that I am not sure if shared libraries are counted into it or whether they are separated out in the SHR (for shared) column.


Set nginx init script to never run automatically on startup

This answer assumes you are using the default init system in 16.04, which is SystemD.

Borrowing from DigitalOcean's SystemD guide, you can disable nginx autoboot with this:

sudo systemctl disable nginx.service

This should disable autostart of the service at boot like the older update-rc.d functionality provided.  (Note that with SystemD, update-rc.d isn't going to be as useful)


sublime-text color picker tool does not work in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Edit ~/.config/sublime-text-3/Packages/ColorPicker/lib/linux_colorpicker.py

Search this line:

if color_sel.run() == getattr(Gtk, 'RESPONSE_OK', Gtk.ResponseType.OK):

Change it to:

if color_sel.run() == getattr(Gtk, 'RESPONSE_OK', Gtk.ResponseType):

and save.

Source: https://github.com/weslly/ColorPicker/issues/82


Unity is very low speeds In Ubuntu 13.04

You should install nvidia drivers (free and nonfree) and install them. See if that works.


It can, if GVfs supports it. GVfs is what Nautilus uses for mounting things other than our usual block devices (like samba shares, MTP for Adroid phones, etc.). However, gvfsd-nfs won't be packaged for Ubuntu 18.04. It is available for 19.04 and above in gvfs-backends (along with the other GVfs backends). If you install gvfsd-nfs, Nautilis will be able to mount NFS shares.


Nautilus not showing folder icons in home folder

One thing to try is checking your view settings, and checking your preference for display. The main options are List and Icons, maybe 1 or 2 others. Open Nautilus to the folder in question, and try those.

Beyond that, to configure a custom icon, you could create a Desktop Entry file. These are the files Ubuntu uses internally to create visible shortcuts and app launchers. You can make one from scratch, or copy and modify from /usr/share/applications.

Does that help?


Unable to access windows 10 even after boot repair

The Windows Boot Manager (as shown in your image) is your Windows 10 boot menu.  That is the way it's named in the UEFI configuration.