mcrypt installation error mcrypt.ini.dpkg-new no such file or directory

Try removing /etc/php5/mods-available/mcrypt.ini and /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini in case any of them still exist and then try installing it again with apt-get

sudo rm -f /etc/php5/mods-available/mcrypt.ini

sudo rm -f /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini

The problem should be coming from the first file, but delete the second one as well just to be sure.


Ubuntu 12.04 Installed, monitor turns off after the BIOS screen

nomodEset:
MavNix, I believe the reason you are still having issues is because you mistyped the necessary parameter 'nomodset'. It should be 'nomodeset', with an e (lower case). Thanks and hope you get it running.


Can I install Steam without a credit card?

Yes.. Don't know why it says "buy", its a free application..


How to effectively find all PDF's on disk and copy to one folder?

You can try find:

find /path/to/disk -iname '*.pdf' -type f -exec cp --no-clobber --target-directory ~/target/folder {}  +

-iname '*.pdf' matches files ending in PDF (case-insensitive)
-type f matches only regular files (so a directory with name ending in .pdf wouldn't be copied)
-exec runs commands with {} substituted with the name of matching file. With +, it will run a single command with names of many matching files.
We use -exec to run cp --target-directory ~/target/folder. Explicitly specifying the target directory (and --no-clobber) should safeguard against an accidental typo overwriting files.


Run in a terminal

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

Find the Exec field and set it to eclipse -e

Save the file and exit Gedit and the Terminal.

EDIT

As mentioned as a comment, the file can as well as be copied to ~/.local/share/applications and edited there doing the same change.


Grub: attempt to read or write outside of disk 'hd0'

TL;DR: instructions at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition
  fix it

This is a common problem due to a security "feature" in many BIOS's which don't allow you to boot outside of the first 100GB (rougly) of your hard disk.  They've documented it with detailed instructions here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/InstallingUbuntuOnBigDisk which worked to fix my issue.

My machine is a Dell PowerEdge T300 with a PERC H700 raid controller and 2 6TB RAID5 arrays running Ubuntu Server 16.04 LTS.  I didn't want to loose all my data so instead of reformatting I re-partitioned the primary raid drive with a 1GB partition at the beginning of the disk (it took overnight to complete) and ran boot repair to relocate just the boot files to the new partition (full instructions here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition )

My old solution (which I'm leaving here) only temporarily fixes it...

Physically disconnecting all drives not part of the virtual drive I was installing Ubuntu on
wiping the contents of the virtual drive ([re]initialized it in the raid controller GUI)
Completed the Ubuntu installation, shut down the machine, removed installation media
It booted into Ubuntu like normal and I was able to physically reconnect all drives without adverse effects :)

Hope this helps someone out there


Format junkie package not found, even after adding PPA

Noobslab PPA you've added has formatjunkie for only 14.04 Trusty. It doesn't provide the package for Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus). Check it here https://launchpad.net/~noobslab/+archive/ubuntu/apps?field.series_filter=xenial

If you want to get it, you need to compile it yourself. To see how to do that, check this question

How do I compile format junkie?


Why 'make gconfig' does not work while compiling the kernel?

The message is very clear:

* Unable to find the GTK+ installation. Please make sure that
* the GTK+ 2.0 development package is correctly installed...
* You need gtk+-2.0, glib-2.0 and libglade-2.0.
*

So, just install the libraries you need. In most cases, these are provided by the -dev version of the packages mentioned in the error, in the case of libraries is likely that you have to add lib at the start. So, in this case:

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libglib2.0-dev libglade2-dev

And done.


Thanks @mikewhatever the answer was found. i copy it here to save time for anyone interested in this issue

If you have a 64-bit system and the device I mentioned, then I suggest this package: http://jas.gemnetworks.com/debian/pool/main/w/wireless-bcm43142/wireless-bcm43142-dkms_6.20.55.19-1_amd64.deb

First install the prerequisites:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential dkms

Then install the package with:

 cd Desktop   <--or whemikewatrever you downloaded the deb
    sudo dpkg -i wire*.deb
    sudo modprobe wl


You can save this in the per user ssh client configuration file ~/.ssh/config. You need to create it if it does not exist already. Now add the following:

Host *
    ServerAliveInterval 120

Change the interval if you want but don't give a high value.

The global ssh client configuration file /etc/ssh/ssh_config has the following permission:

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1720 Jun  8 00:23 /etc/ssh/ssh_config

As you can see you need to be root to edit the file.


The right Way to instantiate xserver-xorg-video-dummy driver at boot time for CRON scheduled WINE app

Start headless X on boot:

sudo /var/systemd/system/headlessx.service

With content:

[Unit]
Description=Headless X server
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/X
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Then test/install:

Start it:
    sudo systemctl start headlessx

Enable it to run at boot:
    sudo systemctl enable headlessx

Stop it:
    sudo systemctl stop headlessx

Hope this helps someone. Running my windows GUI based app from the command line works a treat. Now if only I could make is work as a cron task life would be perfect. ;)


I have a round red icon with a minus in it on the top of the screen

Uninstall the wine1.6 package and run sudo apt autoremove to remove packages that were automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for other packages and are now no longer needed. You have several Linux kernel versions that can be removed with sudo apt autoremove and removing one kernel version will free up almost 300MB of additional disk space, so that amounts to a lot of additional disk space if you have several kernel versions that can be removed.

Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt remove wine1.6
sudo apt autoremove


How can Lutris be installed on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

You can use third-party PPA, it provides Lutris 0.4.18 for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:samoilov-lex/retrogames
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install lutris

If this version does not suit your needs you can install Lutris 0.5.6 from Lutris PPA:

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/python-distro/python3-distro_1.0.1-2_all.deb
sudo apt-get install ./python3-distro_1.0.1-2_all.deb

wget https://launchpad.net/~lutris-team/+archive/ubuntu/lutris/+files/lutris_0.5.6_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./lutris_0.5.6_amd64.deb


Win 10 connected printer is not working with samba

I needed to create a second user (without spaces in the name) with a password in my Windows. That worked for the authentification.

If printing still doesn't work, enter the credentials in the main dialog for adding a samba printer and avoid using the dialog which asks for creditials every time.


How to add some special characters to a layout

When you add a Portuguese keyboard layout it automatically makes these characters for you. The fact that your keyboard doesn't have a Portuguese layout is not a problem.Only you have to remember which character stands for which.

Click on the language icon on the right top corner and you can add Portuguese layout.


How can I efficiently retarget multiple symlinks?

The simplest way to repair your broken symlinks is to mount the partition in question at /media/user/sdc9.
Create an according fstab-entry for this partition. Do not use device-name like /dev/sdc9 or /dev/sdb9, use UUID or LABEL to idententify the partition. I prefer LABEL over UUID, since it's better readable and I don't need to search for the partitions UUID. Just make sure that LABEL is unique in your system.
You can set a Label for ext2,ext3 or ext4 partitions with tune2fs:
sudo tune2fs -L /dev/sdxy

where xy needs to be replaced with the correct letter and number.
From man tune2fs:
-L volume-label
          Set the volume label of the filesystem. Ext2 filesystem labels can be at
          most 16 characters long; if volume-label is longer than 16 characters,
          tune2fs will truncate it and print a warning. The volume label can be
          used by mount(8), fsck(8), and /etc/fstab(5) (and possibly others) by
          specifying LABEL=volume-label instead of a block special device name
          like /dev/hda5.

The command lsblk -f will display sufficient information about your partitions, including LABEL, UUID and device-name.


Dual monitor not working after regular update on Ubuntu 14.04

I believe this may be related to a Nvidia driver update rolled out some time around December 11th 2014 (that's the date /var/log/apt/history.log shows on my laptop).

My laptop has an Ivy Bridge CPU with a GTX-680M Nvidia card. By going to “NVIDIA X Server Settings”, choosing “PRIME Profiles” and “Intel (Power Saving Mode)”, I can turn off the Nvidia card and switch to just using the onboard Intel graphics, which, although not ideal, at least renders my machine usable again in dual-monitor mode.

Rolling back the Nvidia drivers to the previous version may also work, but I haven't tried that.


Does any Conky theme make notes like tomboy notes, Xpad visible?

conky displays whatever you have in your $HOME/.conkyrc file. You can add arbirtary text there. Alternatively, you can have it import and display the contents of another file. For example, if you have the text in question in ~/foo.txt, you can add this line to your .conkyrc:

 ${exec cat ~/foo.txt}

That will run cat ~/foo.txt and will display the contents of the file in your conky. If the contents of the file can change and you want the changes to be updated in conky, use this instead:

 ${execi 3 cat ~/foo.txt}

That will run cat ~/foo.txt every 3 seconds, updating the text displayed by conky.


You can theoretically upgrade from 11.04 to 11.10 and then to 12.04, then just do a direct upgrade to the Trusty release.

There's many reasons why I will suggest, instead, backing up the data you want to keep and then just doing a clean install.  As you upgrade from version to version to version, you run the risk of more and more things breaking.  Especially when you go from a really old release to a newer release.


Docbook errors building Komparator from source

The errors you get, e.g.:
index.docbook:1054: parser error : Entity 'install.compile.documentation' not defined

is the exact behavior displayed by an old serious bug in Komparator, which was fixed in late 2011 in Komparator 0.6.
If you are still getting this error, you should report it as a bug to the Komparator dev-team.
Temporary Alternative: build without documentation
For now, if you wish to build the package and can just refer to the online documentation, here's how:

In the top level folder, edit CMakelists.txt and in front of line 38, add_subdirectory(doc), add a #, i.e. #add_subdirectory(doc).
Save, exit, and cd build && cmake .....
This should build the package successfully.

I was able to successfully build Komparator 4 0.7 and Komparator 4 0.8 on an up-to-date Kubuntu 11.10.


Remove new kernel 5.8.* from Xubuntu 20.04

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack

Desktop
It is advised to keep Ubuntu Desktop 20.04 LTS with the kernel flavour
picked during installation. It can be either HWE or OEM flavour.
Changing to track GA kernel may result in regressions of performance,
hardware support, and certified features.
To check if you are on a certified hardware platform execute:
ubuntu-drivers list-oem
If any meta packages are listed, please refrain from manually changing
the kernel flavours.
To downgrade from HWE/OEM to GA kernel:
sudo apt install --install-recommends linux-generic
If NVIDIA drivers are required check appropriate level and install
them:
ubuntu-drivers list
And then install appropriate NNN version of the drivers:
sudo apt install --install-recommends linux-modules-nvidia-NNN-generic
Reboot, interrupt grub, in advanced options elect to boot 5.4 based
kernel, complete boot. Check that everything works as expected.
If everything is good, you may remove the other kernel flavours:
sudo apt remove --purge linux-generic-hwe-20.04 linux-oem-20.04 linux-hwe-* linux-oem-* linux-modules-5.1* linux-modules-5.8.0-* linux-modules-5.6.0-*


In case you compile your own kernel it won't be possible for you to automatically receive upgrades, and still retain your modifications.

If you really need a modified kernel my suggestion would be to clone the appropriate Ubuntu git kernel repo. That way, whenever there are important (security) upgrades available, you can merge those changes with your local modifications, and build a new kernel from that.

See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Dev/KernelGitGuide for info on available repositories.


Install HDF (Hierarchical Data Format) and P3DFFT

HDF-related packages are presented in the official Ubuntu repository.

In order to install these you'll likely need to enable the Universe repository first with
sudo add-apt-repository universe.

About P3DFFT you should read its documentation on official web-site.


From http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2017/06/plasma-desktop-5-10-available-for-install-in-kubuntu-17-04/

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports

sudo apt update && sudo apt install plasma-desktop


Magnet links don't work in Google Chrome

When I first run Google Chrome in Ubuntu 13.04 , and I clicked a magnetic link, Chrome asked me how I would like to handle it. Because I had already installed the program 'Transmission BitTorrent Client', Chrome proposed to use this program.
Maybe Google Chrome is not your default browser?
Here is an answer from Askubuntu


Failure while removing unwanted packages/configurations/dependencies

UPDATE

Upon further inspection, it appears you have a file that shouldn't be there. Run the following commands to fix the problem:

sudo rm -R /home/lost+found
sudo apt-get -f install

I have left the previous instructions below although, it looks like they are not needed.

previous instructions, probably not needed:

Download the "Software for USB Components" zip package from https://www.vrmagic.com/imaging/downloads/ to your ~/Downloads folder and unzip the file.

Then, run the following commands:

sudo dpkg -P vrmcamlab
sudo dpkg -P vrmagic-linux-pc-camera-runtime
sudo apt-get install gdebi
cd ~/Downloads/VRmUsbCamDevKitForLinuxX64_4.5.0
sudo gdebi ./vrmagic-linux-pc-camera-runtime_4.5.0_amd64.deb
sudo gdebi ./vrmagic-linux-pc-camera-sdk-4.5.0_4.5.0_amd64.deb
sudo gdebi ./libvrmusbcam2_3.5.0.0_amd64.deb
sudo gdebi ./vrmcamlab_3.5.0.0_amd64.deb

You can also install:

sudo gdebi ./vrmcamserver_3.5.0.0_amd64.deb
sudo gdebi ./vrmhotplug_3.5.0.0_amd64.deb
sudo gdebi ./vrmusbcamnet_3.5.0.0_all.deb

Please post any errors.


How do I get a new drive integrated into my software RAID?

You need to first copy the partition table from sda to sdb. You can do it manually, or this explains a clever way to do it:

http://www.sharktooth.de/doku.php/linux:clone_disc_partition

Once thats done, you need to use the raid admin utility, mdadm, to add the partitions into each raid:

mdadm -a /dev/md0 /dev/sdb1
mdadm -a /dev/md1 /dev/sdb2
mdadm -a /dev/md2 /dev/sdb3

This should hot-add the new partitions in and start to rebuild onto them.


What default Windows Software Alternatives does Ubuntu have!

A little about Ubuntu...

Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating system, with Unity as its default desktop environment. It is based on free software and named after the Southern African philosophy of ubuntu (literally, "human-ness"), which often is translated as "humanity towards others" or "the belief in a universal bond of sharing that connects all humanity".

Development of Ubuntu is led by Canonical Ltd., owned by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth. According to Canonical, the Ubuntu project is committed to the principles of open source development; people are encouraged to use free software, study how it works, improve upon it, and distribute it.

Homepage: ubuntu.com

Recommended links for intro. about application search and installation process in Ubuntu:

How do I enable the “Universe” and other repositories?
How to install applications in Ubuntu?

Here's the list of some default applications (along with some alternatives):

(The applications that are default or have been default in the past are marked with an asterisk (*).)

GUI Program installers

These are some great graphical front ends for package management. Categorized applications list with description, screenshots, ratings, etc. is really helpful to search and install the application that meets your need.

Ubuntu Software Centre*

Synaptic*

Kyum

Audio

Audio Player [Alt. to Winamp; Windows Media Player]

Audacious
amaroK
Banshee*
Rhythmbox*
VLC

Audio Editor [Alt. to SoundForge; Adobe Audition]

Audacity
LMMS
Ardour

 Stream Browser

last.fm

 CD Ripper

Arson
Sound Juicer

Video

Video Player [Alt. to BSplayer; Windows Media Player; VLC]

KPlayer
VLC
Totem*

Video Editor [Alt. to Adobe Premiere]

LiVES
Avidemux
OpenShot Video Editor
Kdenlive

DVD Ripper

Handbrake
Brasero*

Screen Capture

Xvidcap
recordMyDesktop

Video/Audio format converter/transcoder

[Alt. to FormatFactory, Total Video Converter, etc.]

WinFF
HandBrake
Avidemux
Transmageddon

Graphics & Design

Image editor [Alt. to Adobe Photoshop]

GIMP*
Krita
Tux Paint

Image Organizer [Alt. to Picasa]

Shotwell*
F-Spot
digiKam

Vectorgraphics editor [Alt. to CorelDraw]

Inkscape
Karbon

3D Modeler [Alt. to 3D Max; Maya]

Blender3D
Wings 3D
Equinox-3D

Computer Aided Design [Alt. to AutoCAD; MathCAD]

BRL-CAD
FreeCAD

Internet & Network

Internet Browser [Alt. to Internet Explorer]

Chromium
Firefox*
Opera
SeaMonkey
Konqueror
Links2
Lynx - Text browser for the World Wide Web

E-mail [Alt. to Outlook Express, Outlook]

Evolution*
Thunderbird*
KMail

Usenet/Newsreader [Alt. to Outlook Express, Forte Agent]

Pan

RSS Feed Reader

Liferea

FTP Client [Alt. to FileZilla; WS_FTP]

gFTP
FileZilla

Instant messenger [Alt. to AIM; ICQ; MSN; Yahoo!; Jabber; Gadu-gadu]

Pidgin (Formerly GAIM)
Kopete
aMSN
Kadu

Internet Relay Chat [Alt. to mIRC]

XChat
Konversation

Torrents

Deluge
BitTornado
aria2
Transmission*
KTorrent
qBittorrent
vuze

Download Manager/Accelerator

uGet
Axel
Steadyflow

VoIP [Alt. to Skype]

Skype
Ekiga

Graphical User Interface

Desktop Environment [Alt. to Explorer, Aston, GeoShell]

Unity
KDE
Gnome
Xfce
Cinnamon
Trinity
Mate
(This AU page lists some more with great snapshots. Must visist: What different desktop environments and shells are available?)

Development

Web [Alt. to Dreamweaver]

Aptana
Bluefish
CSSed - CSS Editor
KompoZer
Screem

IDE [Alt. to MS Visual studio]

KDevelop
NetBeans
Anjuta - Anjuta is a versatile IDE for C and C++, written for GTK/GNOME
Eclipse - An extensible frameworks, tools and runtimes for building, deploying and managing software across the lifecycle
Eric - Python IDE
Qt
Geany

Office

Office Suite [Alt. to MS Office, Adobe Reader, etc.]

LibreOffice*
OpenOffice*
KingSoft Office
Scribus
PDFedit
evince* - Document viewer for multiple document formats like PDF, Postscript, djvu, tiff, dvi, XPS, etc.

Calendar [Alt. to Ms Outlook]

Evolution*
Mozilla Sunbird

Text Editors GUI [Alt. to Notepad]

gedit*
Leafpad
SciTE

System tools

File managers

[Alt. to Total Commander]

Krusader

[Alt. to Windows Explorer]

Konqueror
Nautilus*

CD Burners [Alt. to Nero]

Brasero *
K3B

Partition Managers [Alt. to Partition Magic]

Gparted*
QtParted

X Terminal Emulator

gnome-terminal*
xterm
konsole
guake
yakuake

Other Utilities

Dictionary

Artha
Dictionary (gnome-dictionary)*

Cleaning temporary/unwanted/duplicate files [Alt. to CCleaner, etc.]

FSlint
BleachBit
GtkOrphan
fdupes

System Monitor (gnome-system-monitor)* [Alt. to Task Manager]

Disk Utility (gnome-disk-utility)*

Disk Usage Analyzer (baobab)*

Archive Manager (file-roller)* [Alt. to WinRAR, 7zip, etc.]

Source of the list: ubuntuguide.org

Also visit: Ubuntu's Application Guide

More links for suggestions on Windows/MacOS X app alternatives:

http://www.linuxalt.com/
http://linuxappfinder.com/alternatives
http://alternativeto.net/

(Courtesy: falconer, wilf, Jason R, Steelsouls, Kunal Sangwan, number5 for suggestions with applications and links.)


Error i686 when installing Ubuntu Server

You are trying to install a 64-bit OS onto a 32-bit OS. That will not work unless you have hardware that is capable of running 64-bit (but why would you install a 32-bit system ;) )

Version 18.04 does not provide 32-bit installers.
Version 16.04 does have a 32-bit installer. You can find them here.

So, as a workaround, you could install 16.04 32-bit and then simply upgrade 16.04 32-bit to 18.04 32-bit.


nvidia compatibility list (more specific: Geforce GT 740)

Most likely. If you want to be sure you need to verify that the GPU is supported by a driver that is compatible with the kernel and X.org version of the Ubuntu release that you intend to run.

You can look for all Nvidia drivers that are supported in various Ubuntu releases on https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?suite=all&searchon=names&keywords=nvidia.

If no combination of Nvidia drivers and Ubuntu releases works in your case you can always use the open-source Nouveau graphics driver albeit with a big performance hit.


Ubuntu is not a program it is an OS (like Windows) you must install it to your hard drive, not run it from Windows.

"I saw that I can learn linux on ubuntu (to be honest I don't get that even)"

Linux is a small part of Ubuntu, Linux is not the OS itself but the kernel, so Ubuntu is a Linux based OS (amongst other things), there are many Linux based OS they they just get called linux. See here.

You don't want to learn Linux, you don't learn Linux, you learn the OS you are using (Ubuntu) as Linux based distributions can be very different.

I will point you in the right direction, first read this post on installing Ubuntu.

Then this one on what Linux is to help with confusion.

Here is the Ubuntu manual

Finally, what you actually need to learn is bash the default Ubuntu shell, what is bash ? and How to learn it.


By any chance did you install windows after installing ubuntu? This is probably what happened...

I would try using "boot repair". For all my boot problems the default setting has worked for me. From blank grub screens on a 12 year old computer to booting from a windows 7 install on a brand new laptop.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

Basically you will boot from a live dvd/usb (or if you can boot to umbuntu from your hard drive) and install boot-repair via this command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

and select recommended repair. It will uninstall and reinstall grub, so if windows removed it, this will fix it.

You might also look at this article:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows


mozplugger will allow you to open PDF as well as other things....
From Ubuntu's software Centers onlinne page(linked to above)

mozplugger allows you to seamlessly integrate external applications to view files downloaded from the web that Mozilla can not normally handle. The application is embedded within a Mozilla window as to act like and feel like a true plugin.
This allows you to view PDFs, Postscript files, animations and movies, amongst other file types all from within Mozilla (with supporting applications).

You can install it with the link provided or search for it in the software center directly...
One note however, this program doesn't always work seamlessly, it is supposed to open the PDF file inside the browser but sometimes it will open it in the document veiwer outside the web browser, but at least it still opens the page.  I have not had any problems with videos opening in a browser window, just PDF files for some reason, I have not been able to figure out exactly what circumstances cause this problem do I;m not sure if there is a bug report on it, it works well enough so I'm not that worried about it....


Why am I getting multiple IPs in Hostname -I

Most likely you see some local IP's as well as an external IP. This is normal. Usually there is 1 local IPv6 address and 1 local IPv4 address. On top of that there should be one public IP.

Local IP's start with:
- 127.0.0.1
- 192.168.xxx.xxx
- fe80:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx etc
- 10.0.xxx.xxx


Can't Try nor Install Ubuntu on Lenovo ideapad miix 310

If you're using a USB flash stick you could try the linux live installer program - linux live. Some USB sticks aren't bootable I'm afraid so you might want to try a different one - it has to be formatted in FAT32 as well.


Having personally destroyed my boot loader time and time again, I have become rather familiar with the following HOW TO on the Ubuntu forums:

[http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1581099]

Refer to the chroot section, as that is where I have met my greatest success with this particular issue. If it does not work for some reason, try it again except using the "grub-efi" package when reinstalling GRUB.

If your system STILL will not boot, check to ensure that your motherboard/system supports EFI booting. If it supports only a standard BIOS (i.e. NO UEFI or EFI booting), you will need to move your system partition off of your SSD, replace the GPT table on the SSD with a MBR table, then move the partition back onto the SSD and once again try the chroot grub recover method listed in the article above.

Hope this has been helpful.

MG


Laptop without internal battery only boots with acpi=off

I managed to boot without acpi=off on a Gigabyte P34v3 with an upstream kernel (4.9.0-040900rc7), see here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/MainlineBuilds . ACPI still yields a lot of errors, but at least it does not prevent the laptop from booting:

[    4.035270] ACPI Error: Divide by zero (20160831/utmath-310)
[    4.035308] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed [\_SB.PCI0.LPCB.EC.BAT1._BST] (Node ffff8c429f0c7230), AE_AML_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO (20160831/psparse-543)
[    4.035380] ACPI Exception: AE_AML_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO, Evaluating _BST (20160831/battery-506)


fstab. allow 2 users mount NTFS with passwd. Deny other users. possible?

In fstab you can also use

uid=1000,gid=1000,permissions 0 2

to specify a user, group and permissions to make the mount more specific. If you put those 2 users in a new group and use that ID during the mount they own the disc and can write to it.

But ...

I would not mount the disc automatically at all and mount it only when those 2 users log into the system. Basically when those users log in, start a script that mounts the disc. If you still want a password you can enforce that in the script and if you add in a configuration file you could put the user names in there (so it is easy to add new or remove obsolete users).


Move a system from LVM to standard partitions

You forgot to run update-grub.  Press e at the grub menu to edit the entry and change the root= argument to point to the right place ( /dev/sda1 ), and you should be able to boot once.  Then run update-grub to update the menu with the correct location for future boots.


How to force a remote server to wake up its monitor using SSH?

I know this thread is old, but just in case someone is wondering. I was getting exactly the same problem:
unable to open display ":0"

I was trying to turn on two of my displays via SSH, but it failed with the message from above. Other thing I had to say is that I wasn't logged on the console of the physical PC, so, only the logon screen was there, but the displays were off because of the idle settings.

So, on my case, I had to add also the XAUTHORITY variable as follows:

#Turn on the main display
sudo DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY=/run/user/121/gdm/Xauthority xrandr --output HDMI-0 --off
sudo DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY=/run/user/121/gdm/Xauthority xrandr --output HDMI-0 --auto

#Turn on the second display
sudo DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY=/run/user/121/gdm/Xauthority xrandr --output DP-4 --right-of HDMI-0 --off
sudo DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY=/run/user/121/gdm/Xauthority xrandr --output DP-4 --right-of HDMI-0 --auto

Here I have to mention that I'm using Ubuntu 18 with gdm3 as display manager. You should check the path:

/run/user/121/gdm/Xauthority

It maybe different on your system. Also check your xorg.conf configuration. There I defined two screens as follows:

    Screen      0  "Screen0"
    Screen      1  "Screen1" RightOf "Screen0"

That's why I'm using the "--right-of" option.

Finally check the names of your ouputs by running:

sudo DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY=/run/user/121/gdm/Xauthority xrandr -q

There you will get the right names. On my case: "HDMI-0" (main monitor) and "DP-4" (second monitor).


Is there any windows 8.1 in my system with my ubuntu?

Sorry, you have deleted your Windows partition.

Testdisk would help you to recover some of your datas.


Can I save the files of all the installations I currently have so that I can install them on an entirely different computer?

I have found the solution, in case anyone runs into the same question. Keryx is an open source program that does exactly this very easily. It is an older project but I have found it works flawlessly.


Is there a way to force thumbnail generation via a script

Just set the thumbnail size limit to 0. Setting the size to 0 makes it ignore size.


NFS problem with Ubuntu server and Xubuntu fstab - first try always fails

I figured it out after some looking around.

Turns out Ubuntu 14.04 server defaults to NFSv4, and as I read in a few posts, there's apparently a bug where NFSv4, regardless of configurations, tries to activate/enable Kerberos.

Disabling NFSv4 and defaulting it to NFSv3 did the trick for me. I found out about this in this article which explains the procedure:

  Edit /etc/default/nfs-kernel-server to include:

# Number of servers to start up
RPCNFSDCOUNT='8 --no-nfs-version 4'

  (Eight is the default number of servers)


As per the answer linked by pomsky (thanks) over here, the solution mentioned that due to a bug, the print screen button could not be used.

However, I was able to go to Settings > Devices > Keyboard and unbind the default screenshot buttons. I then created a custom bind for gnome-screenshot and gnome-screenshot -w as print screen and alt+print screen respectively, as they originally were.

Oddly enough, this solved the problem. The images now save to whatever I specified in the dconf editor.


Its Easy, hold Super+Alt+click on the upper task bar and click add new panel. Then using the same key combinations select add to panel  and then select the options you want such a workspace switcher, etc


How to install 2 Graphics drivers, and have Ubuntu detect and load which one (without conflict)

Ubuntu automatically detects which GPU is installed in your machine. If you want a script to switch between Nvida and Intel drivers I've found one you can modify here: bauca/graphics-switcher

It will require the program glxinfo which you can get by installing:

sudo apt install mesa-utils

One key function in the bash script that will interest you is this one:

function CheckForCurrentVideoCardInUse {
    local _VIDEO_CARD=`glxinfo|egrep "OpenGL vendor|OpenGL renderer*"`
    if [[ $_VIDEO_CARD == *"NVIDIA"* && $_VIDEO_CARD == *"GeForce"* ]]; then
        CURRENT_VIDEO_CARD="NVIDIA"
    elif [[ $_VIDEO_CARD == *"Intel"* ]]; then
        CURRENT_VIDEO_CARD="INTEL"
    else
        ErrorHandler
    fi
}


Black screen when resuming from suspend - xubuntu

After much troubleshooting and very excellent support from ioria on the Ubuntu IRC Support, I was able to successfully resolve suspend/resume without locking up on resume by updating the kernel to the "hwe" kernel:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-18.04 xserver-xorg-hwe-18.04

which installed the 5.3.0-28-generic kernel.
IRC Support also suggested using xscreensaver instead of light-locker, so I removed light-locker and installed xscreensaver.  It's uglier but apparently more stable.  There are detailed instructions for setting up xscreensaver for laptops using 18.04 LTS here:

https://www.reddit.com/r/xubuntu/comments/9tlnnu/how_to_setup_xscreensaver_to_lock_on_suspend_for/

I had tried several different screensavers while troubleshooting, so within the XFCE Settings > Session and Startup > Application Autostart Tab referenced in the reddit instructions, I also unchecked Autostart for both light-locker and the other screensaver applications that were removed. I also had to apply the recommeneded "fix" from the reddit instructions in order to reliably lock the screen and require a password when closing the laptop lid.


Installed Ubuntu 14.04 alongside windows 10 - Cant Load - Laptop

Boot into Windows - disable hibernation and Fast Boot.
Open command prompt as administrator and execute:

powercfg /h off

Open Windows Control Panel, go to Power Settings.
Enable show hidden settings - uncheck Fast startup.

Shutdown the machine completely, do NOT reboot.
Boot into BIOS and select Ubuntu as default system.

In case something is messed up from your earlier attempts ... reinstall the GRUB boot loader.

Boot from the Ubuntu installation media.
(select the USB entry with UEFI in front)
Choose Try Ubuntu without installing.
On the Live desktop open a terminal.
Execute the following commands :

sudo mount /dev/sda9 /mnt
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done
sudo chroot /mnt
grub-install /dev/sda
update-grub

Note:

sda = disk | sda1 = efi partition | sda9 = system partition (taken from provided screenshot)

To identify the partition numbers use GParted - it is included in the Ubuntu installation media.

Update addressing your response that you are not able to reinstall the boot loader :

Boot from the Ubuntu installation media - select the USB entry with UEFI in front.
Choose Try Ubuntu without installing - open GParted and format sda9 with ext4.
Start the Ubuntu installation - when asked what to do - choose Something else.
Select sda9 for Ubuntu - choose ext4 as file system and set / as mount point.
Choose sda for the boot loader being installed to and start the installation.
When finished, boot into BIOS - select Ubuntu as default system to boot.


Unable to use HP LaserJet 1010 as network printer after upgrade to 12.04

There is a trouble shoot guide available ,try that one

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkPrintingWithUbuntu#Troubleshooting


I also had issues with Slack launching after an upgrade, with what looks like the same error
Jul 11 16:45:43 samloyd kernel: [171452.625726] traps: Chrome_IOThread[114914] trap int3 ip:56465285b1c4 sp:7f543c1797e0 error:0 in slack[5646503cf000+5caf000]

Reverting to 4.4.3 fixed it.


nvidia-current as default graphic driver

If you want to change some settings on Nvidia cards type following in terminal ( What is a terminal and how do I open and use it? )

sudo apt-get install nvidia-settings

This will install an app for making some changes to Nvidia settings. You can find it in unity by typing nvidia setting


The Lubuntu manual https://manual.lubuntu.me/stable/3/3.2/3.2.2/appearance.html in the section on Appearance states

The tab for LXQt Theme lets you change how the panel and notifications appear. To change the theme left click on the theme name to change the theme. To the left of the theme name there is a small preview of the panel and the default button for the panel. The checkbox Override user-defined wallpaper changes your wallpaper to one that comes with the LXQt theme.

You're asking it to do more than it's intended to do, you can change themes used by applications, as described earlier in that page of the manual.


“No Network Devices Available” for BCM43241(SDIO) after fresh install of 13.10

Found in the question, written by the OP.

  After contacted a developer of broadcom, he gave me mails between him
  and an user who had same issue but have successfully solved this. The
  user helped me by sending another nvram and firmware (a bin and a txt)
  and it worked. I think it's just because the wireless card is too new
  for the current kernel (correct me if I say something wrong as a
  novice of linux).

  I attach them here

  https://www.dropbox.com/s/8m9n4qolf76iz11/brcmfmac-sdio.zip

  copy them to /lib/firmware/brcm and execute sudo modprobe
  brcmfmac-sdio, the problem solved.


Have a good look in the kernel log as sometimes you can see recommendations for turning things on or off.
Just as an example I had a line that said  Local APIC disabled by BIOS it then gave a reccomendation to use lapic, after adding this to grub, it now reads Local APIC disabled by BIOS -- reenabling. Found and enabled local APIC!


Open a thunar directory with an application action

Actually the directory '/usr/share/applications/' does not contain the file to edit. The file mentioned is a link of ...

'default.list'

pointing to the located in:

'/etc/gnome/'

Although the method mentioned does edit the right file.

I think thunar and nautilus are written with capital in the command. So, it should be:

'inode/directory=Nautilus-folder-handler.desktop'

or

'inode/directory=Thunar-folder-handler.desktop'

Maybe setting thunar as default manager could help, see:

How to set Thunar as a default file manager?

Maybe this command might help:

'sudo gio mime inode/directory Thunar.desktop'

Also it seems Baobab doesn play nice with file managers, see:

https://forum.manjaro.org/t/disk-usage-analyzer-baobab-r-click-open-folder-not-working/50890

Further more, it seems by removing Baobab from the system gives the default behaviour back and resolves the problem.

But removing an(other) application is not the way to go.


Wireless issues for Ubuntu 14.04 (64 bit)

You need to install a better wireless driver. It can be done this way. Run in terminal these commands (one by one):

sudo apt-get install git build-essential
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new.git
cd rtlwifi_new
make
sudo make install

You will need to re-install it after each kernel upgrade.

I am working on dkms module.


Ubuntu wifi issue may be due to partition delete

Fixed the issue. It was the version of ubuntu I was using 16.10. It's pretty messed up. I re-installed a LTS version 16.04 and things are back and awesome.


You can do that without a script.Run this command:

(mplayer [file1] &);mplayer [file2] &


Don't Know How To Install Softwares In Ubuntu

First,

read and study this Install additional software
about repositories is here:
Add & remove software — Install, remove, extra repositories…
Use Synaptic for more advanced software management — Synaptic is a powerful but complicated software management alternative to Ubuntu Software Center.
Instead any of above  Package management with AptGet from command line.

Enjoy!


Bluetooth connection - will not auto pair/reconnect to audio device

Try this, add:

Disable = Media

into "General" section of /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf

with this my bluetooth headsets connect/reconnect again without problem.

It's not from my head, I found a hint in one post on spanish raspberry pi forum.


My computer doesn't power off when I shut down if it has been running for a long time

After some time I finally managed to fix the problem. Actually I solved it by accident, I had a problem with RAM and when I changed it to a new one the problem of turning off the computer has disappeared so I deduce that this was the problem. Thank you all.


This isn't a Deja-Dup issue. Those dirs shouldn't be owned by root.

You can run this command to take ownership back:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER ~/.dbus ~/.config/enchant/

This will fix the immediate issue, but since we don't know the cause, the issue may return. Did you make any changes recently that might have caused this? Where you're able to run ls on the dirs without sudo, that means you're running a root shell. That may be related. Update: OP actually is using sudo.


Why cant I just download Firefox and run it?

You have some options for installing software. To install Firefox (which should have been installed already with most Ubuntu distros) you can open a Terminal session and enter:

sudo apt-get install firefox

Alternatively, you can use a package manager like Synaptic to download and install Firefox for you. Either method will draw from the supported repositories.


Installing Windows8 as a Guest OS, all i get is a windows logo and black screen, any suggestions?

Try changing the chipset in the VMs system settings to ICH9. I have had VMs that could not boot under the default PIIX3 setting.


how to access my ubuntu files after booting with a live usb

I'm sure this has been asked before, as a live-usb is a perfect way to do this.

But anyways.

Once you make the live-usb, you should be able to boot up the system by going to boot options during the machine-start up. (Usually entered by striking ESC, F11 or F12 during the boot up process) and boot from USB. Then you just go to My Computer or whatever and act as if you're opening up a USB stick, just clicking on the hard drive, and it should let you enter into the hard drive. From there, just go to the Users folder, or whatever is similar, and take out the files you need and place them wherever you like.

If you do not have persistence enabled on your live-usb, these files will not be saved across boots (they will disappear after shutting down the system). Look into persistence, or find yourself another memory device before booting up!


PyHoca-GUI is exactly what you are looking for.

It is an alternative client developed by the X2GO Project. It is designed for for having numerous sessions open at once. (The regular X2Go Client is designed with thin clients in mind.)

Note: I am X2Go Developer :)

It is available on our PPAs: https://launchpad.net/~x2go

http://wiki.x2go.org/doku.php/doc:usage:pyhoca-gui


Best IDE for php/web developement in Ubuntu

You might want to look into learning VIM. I've been doing PHP for 15 years now, and VIM takes the cake out of all the other IDE's or editors I've used. It's a bit of a learning curve, but the beauty is that you can install it on almost any OS. Secondly, because it's a terminal client, it helps to login to remote servers to edit files. Lastly, there is also a graphical version (gvim) if you prefer, but uses the same basic interface and command syntax. VIM is very powerful, but it's power is mostly hidden from the get go. Take a look at http://www.koch.ro/blog/index.php?/archives/63-VIM-as-a-PHP-IDE.html to see what I mean. Good luck.


The compatibility list is here: Which graphics cards are supported by the new AMDGPU driver in Ubuntu 16.04?

I suspect that it won't work, but you can verify that by downloading the ISO, burning it to disc and then trying the Live CD. If you can operate the Live CD successfully without any hiccups, your video card is supported. Good luck. :)


How safe is GParted when resizing Linux and Windows partitions?

I personally did not have a problem. I resized my disks using gparted, ntfs and fat32 and ext4. About 8-10 times until now. It should be safe, otherwise you would see problems such as "gparted broke my disk" all around the web.

The way I see it, it wouldn't be in the ubuntu distribution if it wasn't doing its job 99%. It's a well-established program with a good programmer, well-maintained and supported regularly (by closing/fixing bugs). :)

Of course, if you are afraid of losing your data, you can always buy or ask from someone to lend you a hard drive, usb or sata, so that you can backup your important data first.

As mentioned in the comments, use a livecd with gparted (e.g. ubuntu 12.04 livecd), let it do its job and don't interfere. Also, don't do a lot of steps as a batch job (don't put a lot of stuff to do in the gparted queue). Do them one-by-one and hit apply.

There's only one risky situation, if the power goes down, as per Anwar's comment:

  There is nothing as 99.99% guarantee. Sudden power failure can also
  cause you a big metal plate, with no uses. Also note that: As per my
  knowledge, All partitioning tools are dangerous. They always warn
  their users about that


WiFi not working due to WiFi button problem

Thanks for your suggestions!

As @Charles Green suggested, I tried to set the wifi on in the bios. I didn't find the option to do so, but I restored the default options for the bios. After rebooting, rfkill list all result was:

0: phy0: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no
1: brcmwl-0: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no
2: hp-wifi: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no

And finally, the wifi worked! :)


Your program shouldn't use /usr/share/xy/ to save files by default. Instead it should  use $XDG_DATA_HOME/xy (with $XDG_DATA_HOME as specified in  XDG Base Directory Specification).

This avoids your permission problems and problems in multi-user environments.


Ubuntu Bionic terminal keeps opening tmux as shell

I used chsh and changed it back to /bin/bash, then restarted my computer, and everything is fixed now. Where the GUI option was, will forever be a mystery that haunts me after hours of looking.


how to sync email client between ubuntu and windows for seamless use of mails and archives

You will want to read this http://kb.mozillazine.org/Sharing_a_profile_between_Windows_and_Linux

When i still ran windows, i did share the profile between two of those OSes. But as adempewolff has said it's almost impossible to share configuration files, it is also important to note that the cache wasn't being transferred for me, so the directories within thunderbird were reporting incorrect number of new files.

To find the profile on your Ubuntu machine you need to go to ~/.thunderbird directory and you'll see some weirdly named catalog, that is your profile. What you can do is install Thunderbird under Windows, find your profile there, and then create a link to that directory in your Ubuntu install.


Setup static ipv6 address in /etc/network/interfaces

Enabling ipv6 on raspberry pi:

sudo nano /etc/modules

Add "ipv6" at the end and reboot the pi2.

I'm assuming your new ISP giving you dynamic IPv6. you need to contact your ISP for static IPv6.

Static ip on pi 2:http://www.wikihow.com/Assign-an-IP-Address-on-a-Linux-Computer (remove DHCP with static ip)

your raspberry pi will get private IPv6 address from router(fd30:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx)

Mail server:

you need to use google ipv6 address DNS: https://developers.google.com/speed/public-dns/docs/using

Source:

https: //www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=66&t=15886

http: //www.networkworld.com/article/2228449/microsoft-subnet/ipv6-addressing--subnets--private-addresses.html


How to change the default font for Bless hex editor?

Although font can't be set from editor, bless comes with extensive help system, where it is explained that, font tag can be used as child element in <display> tag in bless layouts configuration files (w/o example)

In action:

open /usr/share/bless/bless-default.layout
on every <area> element add <display> child element (if not defined) in which child element  can be set

<area type="ascii">
    <display>Droid Sans Mono 9</display>
</area>


I think I'm not notified of updates unless I manually do "apt-get update"

According to Kubuntu 16.04 release notes there is an option of two download managers:

  Our new software center: Plasma Discover brim-full of software to choose from.
  Keen developer types and friends of Muon Package Manager will be delighted to know that the project has got a new team of maintainers,
  and a new release just in time for this Kubuntu LTS.

You should try to configure the download manager to update daily


A bug is:

  A software bug is the common term used to describe an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a computer program or system that produces an incorrect or unexpected result, or causes it to behave in unintended ways. (From Wikipedia)

Here is another good definition of what constitutes a bug. Either:

The program did not behave according to the programmer’s intentions. or
The programmer’s intentions did not fulfill common and reasonable user expectations.

Ubuntu community has a excellent definition for bug in this wiki, especially highlighting the difference between bug and missing features:

  A software bug is an error or fault in a computer program which makes it fail to work as it's supposed to. This could be as simple as failing to work at all, or as complicated as a subtly incorrect result [...] Some things aren't bugs, but are missing features that should be reasonably included. Missing features shouldn't be reported as bugs, instead FeatureSpecifications should be written for them.

While it is hard to draw a line separating the two definitions and answer the question is it bugs or missing features?, it is possible to give some guidelines:

if it's a problem that would have many details to address, it's likely to be a feature. For example, the inability to write files safely to a modern Windows partition is a missing feature.
The inability to write files safely to a ReiserFS partition would be a bug.

The difference between the two assertions is: the first is more widespread (support modern windows FS) and thus can be view as Missing Feature, while the other emphasizes a unique problem (can't write into ReiserFS) - a specific bug.

If you are interested, I recommends you to take a look at the BugSquad team wiki. Fighting bugs is one of the most interesting activities involved in software development cycle, besides being a great learning opportunity :-)

Thanks!


update manager keeps crashing but apt-get and aptitude is working

Thanks to this topic I was able to fix the problem I already have for months
https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/update-manager/+question/213929

This is what I did:

Delete all the *pyc in:

/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/__pycache__

and then:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall python3-gi


Well, there are some major issues with what you are suggesting.  A normal USB cable is master->slave, which means that one machine is the controlling machine, and the other is a slave.  Both a Windows machine and an Ubuntu machine, would both expect to be the host, controlling the USB operations as the USB-Master.  There is nothing off-the-shelf that would change this relationship (but many embedded designs that switch host-slave relationships).

HOWEVER, you can use a USB-Bridge (or Transfer) Cable to communicate over USB between two machines.  I found this one on Amazon "Plugable Windows Transfer Cable".  You should be able to use this to write a console application on both sides, but would require some experience with Windows and Linux drivers.  Not trivial.

I suppose one other idea, would be to use two USB network dongles, and connect them to each other with an ethernet cross-over cable, and setup a local network.  You could still use your networking capabilities to communicate between the two devices, but this would be detectable when the USB port is plugged in.

Ethernet cross-over cables and usb networking dongles are readily available, and the drivers well defined (obviously) for Windows and Ubuntu.


The easy way...

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and install the PlayDeb repository by running:

echo "deb http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu raring-getdeb games" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/playdeb.list
wget -q -O- http://archive.getdeb.net/getdeb-archive.key | sudo apt-key add -

Then update the package lists and install the game:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install warsow


I found it so this is closed. I went to system settings and modified the appearance. My apologies.

Sherman


docker warning config.json permission denied

Try running

sudo chown "$USER":"$USER" /home/"$USER"/.docker -R
sudo chmod g+rwx "/home/$USER/.docker" -R

$USER is the username of the currently logged in user.


How to create an FTP account for one folder?

At first a warning: Be careful when using FTP, because neither authentication nor data transfer are encrypted.

This information is basically compiled from looking at the manpages and has not been tested, however it should work out that way.

$ man vsftpd.conf

Append the following lines to your vsftpd configuration:

chroot_local_user=NO
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot.list

Then add each user you want to lock to their homedir to the chroot.list file. You can change a users homedir by using

$ sudo usermod -d /path/to/homedir user

I hope this helps.


If you have xbindkeys installed, Ctrl+F is one of the default shortcuts enabled that launches xterm. It can, however, conflict with your other custom keyboard shortcuts.

To deactivate the shortcut, edit your ~/.xbindkeysrc and comment out the shortcut so it looks like this:

# set directly keycode (here control + f with my keyboard)
#"xterm"
#  c:41 + m:0x4

Now, this setting will not be read until xbindkeys restarts, so run killall xbindkeys and then xbindkeys & if you want to restart it. Alternatively, you can just logout and login again.


SSH connection to AWS EC2 servers terminate often

in your .ssh folder, add a file named config with your favorite editor (gedit or whatever). In the file named config add the following lines:

Host myEC2instance
User blue
Hostname someDNSname.from.amazon.com
ServerAliveInterval 5

This permits ssh to be used as:

$ ssh myEC2instance

and you will be asked for your keyphrase once, and no more until you log off (CTRL+D).

Here are some additional details:

HostName

Specifies the real host name to log into.  This can be used to specify nicknames or abbreviations for hosts.  The default is the name given on the command line.  Numeric IP addresses are also permitted (both on the command line and in HostName specifications).

ServerAliveInterval

Sets a timeout interval in seconds after which if no data has been received from the server, ssh(1) will send a message through the encrypted channel to request a response from the server.  The default is 0, indicating that these messages will not be sent to the server, or 300 if the BatchMode option is set.  This option applies to protocol version 2 only.  ProtocolKeepAlives and SetupTimeOut are Debian-specific compatibility aliases for this option.

Please visit SSHconfig manpage for more details.


Is it possible to check the open_ports in a juju charm?

From the docs it looks like you can use the opened-ports hook tool:

https://jujucharms.com/docs/stable/reference-hook-tools#opened-ports

It looks like it's in charm-helpers here:

https://github.com/juju/charm-helpers/blob/dfd42251406f4f45dc4a2317ee4e02171239979f/charmhelpers/core/hookenv.py#L689

Another possible path would be to close the port you want to open one step before you open it so that it'd be technically closed and ok to reopen. I'm sure that'll be confusing though with multiple subordinates managing the same ports.


How to Permanently disable Private Window option in Firefox Quantum (v.62)

Edit dated 20200418: still valid in Firefox 75

Ensure that Firefox is totally not running

Open a terminal and change directory to /usr/lib/firefox/distribution. In case the distribution folder does not exist, create it.

Run sudo touch policies.json

Run sudo nano policies.json

Paste in the following text

{
  "policies": {
    "DisablePrivateBrowsing": true
  }
}

Save policies.json

Now, when you next open Firefox, you won't see the Private Browsing option.

Of course, if someone else has sudo access to your machine this exercise maybe pointless. And I don't know if you'll need to do this each and every time Firefox updates.

References:

Customizing Firefox Using policies.json
mozilla/policy-templates


can i mess up my hardware with acpi=off or acpi=noirq?

Probably not. See http://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt which says:

acpi=       [HW,ACPI,X86]
        Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
        Format: { force | off | strict | noirq | rsdt }
        force -- enable ACPI if default was off
        off -- disable ACPI if default was on
        noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
        strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
            strictly ACPI specification compliant.
        rsdt -- prefer RSDT over (default) XSDT
        copy_dsdt -- copy DSDT to memory

        See also Documentation/power/pm.txt, pci=noacpi

Looks harmless to me


I can't find other pratners tab when I open ubuntu software center?

you can find it in software updater  , under other software tab.


Synaptic installs Firefox when uninstalling Chromium

If you do:

aptitude why firefox

you can find what package is requiring firefox. In my case it was gecko media player, so I removed it and chromium could be removed no problem.


A way for an Upstart event to be sent whenever ecryptfs homedir mounted/unmounted?

I had a similar problem a while ago. Then I found desktop-session-start and desktop-shutdown, both emitted from /etc/init/lightdm.conf

Try:

start on desktop-session-start
stop on desktop-shutdown

Good luck!


How can I install XFCE and completely remove Unity

You can install the entire xfce ubuntu package using the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xfce4

Alternatively, you can install the entire xubuntu package:

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

To uninstall unity:

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-desktop unity-*


The package system is broken: can not update or install new packages

Ubuntu is telling you what to do
run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these

Then, from a command promt, type
sudo apt-get update
this will only update package manager to latest packages. After successful, you should be able to do:
sudo apt-get upgrade


max-open is number of files one user can keep open in single session simultaneously.

  Also, please note that all limit settings are set per login. They are not global, nor are they permanent; existing only for the duration of the session.

(from man limits.conf(5))

Safe value for maximum number of really depends on your usage. Point with default values is to prevent trivial (accidental) denial of services. There is also global limit for number of open files:

cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max

You can change that number by running for example

echo 100000 > /proc/sys/fs/file-max

(with user root, obviously). Even better is to also add line fs.file-max = 10000 to /etc/sysctl.conf to load same setting after reboot.

As of ulimit: it's safe to increase that number. However, number of open files should not exceed global file-max, because then opening new files is not possible anymore (and for example logging in requires opening files).

If there is multiple users, remember that if you change the default, everyone can open more files. For example 30 users * 5000 files = 150 000 open files (assuming that everyone opens maximum number of files, and uses only single session). If you have some really resource hungry (as in opens really many files) software used by multiple users, it might be a problem.


I went to a professional agency, which gave me the following diagnostic:

  "It appear that the firmware defective (on the electronic card and plate of the disk. Furthermore, it seems that the data are crypted via an interface SATA/USB."

or in french

  " Seagate Z1E7SPVR. Problème détecté : firmware défectueux (sur la carte électronique et plateaux du disque dur). De plus il est fort possible qu'un cryptage des données soient effectués par la carte d'interface SATA/USB. Il est possible que des défauts physiques soient détectés ultérieurement, une fois le problème de firmware réglé."

I'll keep the post update if I found a way to solve it. But at least I kown what's wrong. Any idea how to do that myself without paying 2600.- CHF ?


Linux Ubuntu Server - sudo chown -R user:user /

I remembered having an apache server running on the system.
As i have read rights as user chronove, yet i cant just type everything of the SSH console ( Putty ), so i can just copy all files i needed into the websites directory.

for example:

cp -R /home/chronove/MY_FILES/ /var/www/html/dl/

After copying all files i can copy them off the website from another computer ( found this program https://sites.google.com/site/visualwget/a-download-manager-gui-based-on-wget-for-windows which helps downloading a lot of folders ) on the network. After that reinstall Linux Ubuntu Server and there we go!


My instance does not access the internet in Microstack

I still haven't gotten this to work, but I did find this thread on Launchpad that discussed a bug that was apparently present in the Microstack setup that causes this. As of recently, it looks like the bug cropped up again.
I tested their fix and it doesn't seem to have worked, but maybe you'll find better luck.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/microstack/+bug/1812415
EDIT: Their fix wasn't working because I removed the default networks and router that came with Microstack. When I restored the default router and networks, I was able to get Cirros to ping google.com.
For a quick fix, you can just use the standard networks 'external' (10.20.20.1/24) and 'test' (192.168.222.1/24) connected to the standard router 'test-router'. Alternatively, you can modify the settings for the br-ex adapter that should be present on your machine - bearing in mind that you'll need to modify the fix described in the launchpad thread for your modified net configuration. For me, this is a test/learning environment, so I just changed the names and didn't bother to create new networks outside of the default ones.
I found some helpful information on the br-ex adapter and how to configure it here:
https://www.itzgeek.com/how-tos/linux/centos-how-tos/configure-openstack-networking-enable-access-vm-instances.html


How do I connect a video camera to an Ubuntu laptop?

If the camcorder has a USB cable to connect to a computer, then in most cases plugging in the video camera to the computer running Ubuntu should make the video camera act similarly to a USB pen; Ubuntu should recognise that it has been plugged in and either open up the folder or give you a list of options (including open folder). Note that you may in some cases need to switch the camera on while it is plugged in or before it is plugged in to get it to work.

If this does not work, then Ubuntu may be struggling to mount the video camera. There are lots of troubleshooting guides for this sort of issue. Just for reference, what model is the video camera?


Application replacement advise (Internet Download Manager)

There is such an extension for the browser firefox .
For other browsers I don't know
You can also download files from the page through the f12 button, and then clicking on "network" (in firefox) or on "sources" (in chrome), and there you can look for the files you need


Terminal Marked "Not Executable", and owner is root. Ubuntu 14.04 Unity Desktop(Chromebook)

First press Alt + F2 and type in gnome-terminal. This is the
normal command to start terminal.
If the terminal doesn't start then again press Alt + F2 and type in gksu nautilus. Next, enter your password and move to usr and search for terminal and set it to executable.


Why does echoing these parameters with sudo not work?

Your command doesn't work because the redirection > file is done by the current shell prior to the execution of the command, so before the sudo is in effect.

There is a command, called tee, that writes to a file and to stdout what it receives on its stdin: this is handy to write something to a file without redirection. If the file can be modified only by root, it is sufficient to prepend sudo to tee.

echo 1500 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs

Another way to obtain the desired result, mantaining the redirection, is to move the redirection to a subshell executed by root, through sudo:

sudo sh -c 'echo 1500 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs'

Lastly, you can enter a root shell in various ways, and you remain root until you exit explicitly that shell:

sudo su
sudo -s
sudo bash

For more information see the manuale pages of sudo, su and of course of bash.


Try editing your /etc/network/interfaces file and make sure it has auto eth0 or something similar like this:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet loopback

iface eth0 inet
       managed true
       dns-nameservers 8.8.4.4

Change the nameserver accordingly if you don't want to use google-dns. 8.8.4.4 is just an example that should work fine if used.

Then, restart network-manager:

sudo service network-manager restart

EDIT

First of all, the wait time for waiting for networking resources may seem like it takes forever but is only set to 60 or 90 seconds by default. Just be patient and run the following command when the system finally does boot to prevent this in the future:

sudo sed -e 's/sleep.../sleep 1/g' /etc/init/failsafe.conf

Additionally, you should probably post the entire contents of your /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf file. You may omit the hostname line if you feel you need to for privacy reasons. or just change the line to hostname=hostname and we'll get the drift.

As far as the line: no-auto-default=FF:AA:14:91:DC:ED is concerned, I don't see a similar line in my file so it's probably best to comment that line out.

Here's an example of what a functioning file looks like:

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono
COUNTRY=US

[ifupdown]
managed=false

[keyfile]
hostname=$HOSTNAME

Replace $HOSTNAME with your actual hostname. To print your hostname, run the following command:

echo $HOSTNAME

Also, replace COUNTRY=US with your actual country code or comment this line out.

Additionally, make sure ports 67 and 68 are open for DHCP and also make sure port 53 is open for DNS. Additionally without being said, you need ports 80 and 443 open for http and https.

However, these ports should not be blocked by default so unless you messed around with your firewall settings, you shouldn't have to adjust these settings. See here for more info.


Disk Management problem (in Windows) creating space to install Ubuntu

thanks for the question. There is a "free" Windows 7 partitioning tool for dual boot systems called "minitool partition wizard".

http://www.partitionwizard.com/free-partition-manager.html

It will provide the feature to convert a dynamic disk back to a basic disk;

http://www.partitionwizard.com/convertpartition/convert-dynamic-disk-to-basic-disk.html

My 2c's:

You do not need to pre-create partitions for the Ubuntu install and in my humble opinion it is safer not to.

I say this as the Ubuntu partition manager will find and allocate the free disk space for you during the install process.

This avoids accidentally selecting the wrong partition (i.e. the windows c: drive ;-).

I would also check if 14GB will be enough space long term?

Lastly, (more an FYI) remember to boot from the Live CD / USB and test that all your required hardware is working prior to running the Ubuntu install process.

I hope that this helps.


"Forbidden" icon appears instead of language icon in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Goto System Settings → Text Entry → Lower left corner: [v] Show current input source in the menu bar. First hide it then logout and then log back in and again show it.
If it doesn't then type this command -

  restart unity-panel-service

Glad! that the first tip worked for you. Wrote the 2nd for if it comes in handy to somebody else.


Remmina rdp session - no toolbar and keyboard shortcuts don't work

To exit full screen mode in Remmina, press the right hand side Ctrl key and f together.


Installing Ubuntu on Dell Inspiron 8600: no operating system found when trying to boot from USB

I would try using a bootable cd instead of the usb. Often times the bootable usb won't get made correctly (usually due to incorrect settings by the software you used to make the bootable usb) and because of that you will not be able to boot from it. This would make a lot of sense because 16.04 is still new.

So if you can, try using a bootable cd. Then, try Ubuntu before you install it. Make sure all your devices work with it using the live cd. If they do, then you know your hardware is compatible and it should be safe to install it.


skype: error while loading shared libraries: libXss.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Looks like you're missing a library file. The program apt-file can be used to find which package provides a certain file. (dpkg -S does this too, but does not work for packages which are not installed)

apt-file search libXss.so yields:

ia32-libs: /usr/lib32/libXss.so
ia32-libs: /usr/lib32/libXss.so.1
ia32-libs: /usr/lib32/libXss.so.1.0.0
libxss-dev: /usr/lib/libXss.so
libxss1: /usr/lib/libXss.so.1
libxss1: /usr/lib/libXss.so.1.0.0
libxss1-dbg: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/libXss.so.1.0.0

You need to install the libxss1 package for that library. If you're running the 32-bit version of Skype, ia32-libs needs to be installed instead of libxss1.


Should recursive shell script lock up the system?

What you have done can be called a fork bomb.  A fork bomb is a shell script, or a single shell command that calls itself recursively, and thus fills up all the system resources.  Rather than a bug, this is a DoS attack.

Every time ./kill-me-please.sh is executed, a new process is created, using some memory and clock cycles.  Your program is capable of creating infinitely many forks of itself, but because the system resources are finite, at some point on time, you'll run out of resources.  There are many kinds of fork bombs which exploit this possibility.  Another well-known example is:

$ :(){ :|:& };:

Here : is the name of a shell function.  In the function, the : is recursively called two times in a subshell.  This will have the same affect as your script.

Defusing these fork bombs is hard, as all the resources might get exploited by the fork bomb until you find and apply the necessary routine.  Some ways of recovery are explained and discussed in this Wikipedia article.

To prevent this, on Linux and possibly other Unices, one can use ulimit utility to limit the number of processes that a user can create. ulimit -Hu 50 will hard-limit user to 50 processes (so user won't be able to change it). Also on many systems there are configuration files that can be used to set this kind of limits.

Chances are your OS X system already has a process limit set.  I can think of other ways to prevent this, but I can't say neither my ideas are valid solutions nor they are implemented by any operating system, so, I'll keep them to myself.  Possibly many people reading this thread will think about same possibilities anyway.


echo -n not inputing anything, even though echo has no parameters

By default echo appends a newline character to it's output, so if you issue echo without any parameters, the output is nothing, followed by a newline.

The -n option means 'do not output the trailing newline'. So when you issue echo -n it uses the -n as an option, and outputs nothing without a newline. This will leave no evidence of output on the display.

If you use a letter which is not a valid option for echo such as '-x' it will be printed to the screen, with a newline as normal. If you use -n within other input, it is not read as an option, so will print normally.


Got stuck at /dev/sdaX: clean (accidentally removed display manager?)

As per comments

sudo apt install evolution-data-server

which I'm hoping should also restore other needed GNOME packages (evolution-data-server-common, ...)

evolution-data-server is used by GNOME in writing data to the screen and thus is needed.  It is NOT part of the Evolution MUA (mail user agent) or Evolution mail program (which too is part of the GNOME project, but not part of GNOME Shell)


Change Firefox Developer Edition top menu from dark blue, back to classic firefox biege?

There are many themes at firefox addons. type this in your browser and you would definitely get what you need. about:addons


Cairo-dock confiuration GUI has black background and text

Found out this had to do with my GTK themes. If I wasn't using a GTK3 theme then I would get the black background. Once I changed my theme to something else I now can see all the text. The GUI has the correct background.


When the clock is too much desincronized (more than 3 seconds?) it won't get update automatically.
In order to force it manually:

sudo service ntp stop
sudo ntpd -gq     ← here you can see it's getting sync
sudo service ntp start

Confirm everything's ok
timedatectl
Better explanation and all the credit here


You're trying to install package from a newer repo but that doesn't have access to a repo with the newer dependencies.Edit the /etc/apt/sources.list file

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 14.04 LTS _Trusty Tahr_ - Release amd64 (20140417)]/ trusty main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner

## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

heres an example of /etc/apt/sources.list file
also goto Software and Updates from unity and remove non critical repos
then do a

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg --configure -a

I strongly suggest eliminating repositories of different versions from your sources.list -- as others have already said, it's a recipe for a broken system (with a preferences file, you can manage some mixing, usually it's good practice just to avoid mixing versions).


Ubuntu 19.10 , What causes a login loop error?

One of the most common things that can cause a login loop is the use of sudo to start a graphic application... like:

sudo gedit filename

The way to prevent this is to use sudo -H... like:

sudo -H gedit filename.

See man sudo for more details about -H.

And because of this, what can happen is that these two files get changed to root ownership... and you get a login loop.

ls -al .*authority

-rw------- 1 username username 451352 Nov  2 13:34 .ICEauthority
-rw------- 1 username username     58 Jun 23  2017 .Xauthority

Then you would have to boot into Recovery Mode, and manually set the file ownership back to the proper username using the sudo chown command.

Update #1:

Instead of booting into Recovery Mode, an alternate way is you can simply go to another virtual console (e.g., Ctrl+Alt+F2 to go to tty2), log in there, run ls -l to see what files are affected, and then run whatever sudo chown ... command is appropriate.


You can do this directly via the keyboard, It will however require an extra key combination. Using your command calc: 37/60 from the dash, gnome-calculator will open automatically and show the result. Upon receiving your result type ShiftHome and then CtrlC The result of your calculation is now in your clipboard. There's no need to use the mouse or manually open calculator whatsoever. Yes you can copy whats in the dash, what you can't do is get results from it.

Tested under Ubuntu with Unity 14.04 LTS and 16.04 LTS.

If you wish to complete this task with a single key combination you could record a macro with xmacro which is available in the Universe repository and assign it to an unused key combination (to avoid breaking something else in the process). If any of this is unclear, drop me a comment and I"ll do my best to eliminate any confusion.


Are you sure you installed a digital certificate on Ubuntu to access the wireless?  Most people use a password rather than a certificate.  If you did install a certificate, then you should be able to go back to where you installed it ( right click networking -> edit connection -> 802.1x security and see what file it points to for the CA certificate.


How to get Installed program icon on to Desktop

You should find desktop files of these programs. Example:

dpkg -L <program> | grep desktop

then copy the files to Your desktop (which is typically ~/Desktop).


How to install app with run file in Ubuntu 13.04

I have downloaded the archive, and I have found no .run file. Instead, I have read the included README file which I actually found quite straightforward.

There are three programs:

CopyAgent -- it will display a nice GUI login screen and (probably) will become a tray icon. Could not test it, since I have no Copy account.
CopyConsole -- a headless (no output, no GUI) process that can run in background and manage your synchronisation.
CopyCmd -- a command line interface

If unsure, use CopyAgent by clicking it. There is no need to install it. It will just run.

P.S. Um, apparently running sudo CopyAgent -installOverlay installs a Nautilus overlay (which I guess allows to show which files are synced, which not). I think it does not replace running the CopyAgent itself.


What's the difference between apt-get install and apt-get build-dep?

The short version.

apt-get install

installs a new package, automatically resolving and downloading dependent packages.  If package is installed then try to upgrade to latest version.

apt-get build-dep

Causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package.

The command sudo apt-get build-dep packagename means to install all dependencies for 'packagename' so that I can build it". So build-dep is an apt-get command just like install, remove, update, etc.

The build-dep command searches the local repositories in the system and install the build dependencies for package. If the package does not exists in the local repository it will return an error code.

For installing matplotlib see To Install matplotlib on Ubuntu

Source:ManPage & Ravi Saive


Default application for opening binary files WITHOUT extension

Changing Default Applications For Other File Types
An alternative way to choose a default application is to use the "Files" file manager.
Click on the icon that looks like a filing cabinet and navigate through the folder structure until you find a file that you wish to change the default application for. For instance navigate to the music folder and find an MP3 file.
Right click on the file, select "open with" and then either choose one of the applications listed or choose "other application".

A new window will appear called "Recommended Applications".
You can choose one of the recommended applications listed but you could have done that from the "open with" menu.
If you click the "View All Applications" button a list of every application will be shown. The chances are that none of these are relevant to the file type you are using otherwise it would be listed as a recommended application.
A better button to use is the "Find New Applications" button. Clicking this button brings up the Gnome Package Manager with a list of relevant applications for that file type.
Look through the list and click install next to the program you wish to install.
You will need to close the Gnome Package Manager after the application has installed.
You will notice that the recommended applications now contains your new program. You can click it to make it the default.

Source: https://www.lifewire.com/change-default-programs-associated-file-type-ubuntu-2205574


I gave up. At this point the text document was small enough I can just recreate it with less time then this bug.


Need to turn 'Analog Stereo Duplex' off and then back on for headphones to start working under kubuntu 20.04

Various checks  :

Try this command :

  sudo alsactl restore

Try to reset pulseaudio configuration with 2 commands:

  mv ~/.config/pulse ~/.config/pulseold
  killall pulseaudio

Run alsamixer (in a terminal) ,  is there a "headphones" fader ?
It should unmute when inserting jack , or you can unmute manually pressing m key and increase volume with up/down arrow keys . (Move across faders using left/right arrow key)
If headphones is ok after that, run

  sudo alsactl store

At last , if you have time, try to edit as root file /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

  sudo gedit   /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

and add this line with model option at the end:
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-headset-multi
save and reboot ,
Remove this line if problem   .
If you have separate jack for headphone and mic,
try one by one these models replacing  "dell-headset-multi"     :

options snd-hda-intel model=dell-headset-dock

options snd-hda-intel model=dell-headset3
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-headset4


Connect to mysql database on Ubuntu host from windows guest

This is tricky part.  With MySQL database, to access the database, MySQL screens, not only user and password, but host too.  Therefore, you need to identify this user with ip address in which this user will be connecting to MySQL from.


How to install JRE 7u60 on Ubuntu 14.04 using the tar.gz file?

If there is a shell file inside, run that after unzipping, otherwise, see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CompilingSoftware for compiling the software so long as it is the source code.


Why my trash icon doesn't work in 12.04 LTS?

After the last kernel update, the problem was SOLVED!


Behind the scenes:

This is defined in notepadqq's libs/codemirror/addon/fold/foldcode.js with this function:

  CodeMirror.commands.foldAll = function(cm) {
    cm.operation(function() {
      for (var i = cm.firstLine(), e = cm.lastLine(); i <= e; i++)
        cm.foldCode(CodeMirror.Pos(i, 0), null, "fold");
    });

This was added back in 2014 with this commit.

Things to try:

Their documentation hints that you could select all text(ctrl+a) and format as a block(ctrl+q):

Also, if you are running an incredibly old version of notepadqq, you could try updating the code mirror following the steps from their documentation and adjust for your version.

Edit:
Since you are running 1.01 which is the latest version, you may have to put in a feature request here.


When you run javac myProg.java it creates *.class file. That's the actual executable that runs. The bellow solution allows opening a terminal window and running *.class file.

Create a new desktop file

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/runJava.desktop

with the following contents:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=runJava
Terminal=true
Exec=bash -c "FILE=%U;cd $(dirname $FILE );java $(basename $FILE .class);$SHELL"

Save the file.
Right click on any *.class file, select Properties menu, and change default application to runJava

When done selecting, close the Properties menu, double click the file. *Remember: only .class files that have main method will run


Try to go back to the original version of your driver by following these steps:

When your computer boots press F8 or F10 depending your boot options so you can display Ubuntu's advanced boot options.
Choose the recovery option for your latest kernel version
Choose failsafeX in the list and confirm Yes
Now in the same menu choose the resume option

Ubuntu will start ONCE in this mode with Kernel graphic drivers (aka Gallium). When you login go to Additional drivers, uninstall your current driver and re-enable it again.

Restart your computer once done, this should solve your boot issue.


Fresh system installation keeping some partitions untouched

You can re-install using "something else" and not format your partitions.  The installer will take note of your applications, erase system directories (not touching your $HOME or /home directory) then install, then add-back additional software you had added to your system if found in Ubuntu repositories, then ask you to reboot. PPA's & 3rd party repos are disabled so software sourced from them won't be re-installed.

I've used this without issue with an encrypted /home partition (also had an issue once with a [possibly beta] 17.10 re-install, but it was a missing file in the installer that once added, all was good). I however didn't use encrypted when I upgraded from 14.04 LTS to 16.04 LTS, so my encrypted upgrades were later releases.

This method allows you to 'skip' releases too, or go backwards (ie. from 18.04 LTS to 16.04 LTS if you decide you didn't like 18.04 for some reason..)  It's also useful should you just need to re-install the same version you were on; and I've used it many many times.  The something else gives you full control over partitioning.


Which version  do you use? Are you using proxy?

Try digging here and here

EDIT:

To use apt-get through a proxy, I do the following -

sudo apt-get --print-uris install PROGRAM

This prints the urls of the packages, so you can download them. For example, using supertux:
    wilf@comp:~$ sudo apt-get install --print-uris supertux
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  supertux-data
The following NEW packages will be installed
  supertux supertux-data
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 59.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 80.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]?

Then download the .deb files from the given links, through a browser that works through the proxy, and you can then install them using Software Centre, or using terminal by this command cd /FOLDER/WITH/DOWNLOADED-DEB-FILES; dpkg -i *.deb ER cd .... ; gdebi *.deb . Slow and annoying, but seems to work.

EDIT2 : (Easy Method) (from help.ubuntu.com site)

APT configuration file method

This method uses the apt.conf file which is found in your /etc/apt/ directory. This method is useful if you only want apt-get (and not other applications) to use a http-proxy permanently.

On some installations there will be no apt-conf file set up. This procedure will either edit an existing apt-conf file or create a new apt-conf file.

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf

Add this line to your /etc/apt/apt.conf file (substitute your details for yourproxyaddress and proxyport).

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://yourproxyaddress:proxyport";

Save the apt.conf file.

If your proxy needs a login/password, substitute:

"http://yourproxyaddress:proxyport";

with

"http://username:password@yourproxyaddress:proxyport";

Something like following should work fine

Acquire::http::proxy "http://lgn:pwd@192.168.1.254:8080/";
Acquire::https::proxy "http://lgn:pwd@192.168.1.254:8080/"


Macbook Air 6'2 installation issues (Ubuntu 14.04)

If you followed the instructions like it says well, then you installed rFEIt. This is a nice program, but it does have an error, that it doesn't read the partition tables right or something. To fix this, (Hopefully getting it to work!) you have to go to the partition inspector and say yes to syncing the partition tables. After that, is should work.
I've been working on this for the last 2 weeks, and I still haven't been able to get ubuntu, but still working on it... :)


Live CD from Scratch - No vmlinuz* / initrd.img*

The guide is outdated and is based on the 2.6.x-x kernel. I assume that you are running a newer kernel version since this question was asked recently.

For Trusty Tahr, 64-bit -

sudo debootstrap --arch=amd64 trusty chroot

To check your kernel version, type the following in a Terminal -

uname -r

Now replace 2.6.x-x with your kernel version. eg-3.13.0-37.

cp chroot/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-37-generic image/casper/vmlinuz

cp chroot/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-37-generic image/casper/initrd.lz


Wifi light doesnt turn off on Acer Aspire One

I have an aspire one as well, and I have noticed that the light remains on (Windows or Linux [NB Windows XP]) whether or not I am connected to a network (though it flashes sometimes when I'm downloading anything.

As far as I've been able to tell, the network light is only on if your wireless device is powered (This is how it's supposed to operate btw), and does not remain on if you have the wifi disabled (powered off state).

Don't worry about it, your system is fine (unless I'm missing something). If you want to turn the light off when you are not using a network (and if you want to save some serious power), turn off the wireless switch when you are not using wifi.


It's not an error. Apache2 on Ubuntu 16.04 doesn't provide a native systemd service file, so your command was redirected to systemd-sysv-install and it was successfully executed.


You have to install Ubuntu in your external USB disk. You might need two usb stick or one live CD and a disk will do the job. Please remove any other media connected to USB (Not necessary but it will make the job lot easier).

Now boot from the livd CD or USB and install Ubuntu in the USB disk. Recommended size for the USB is 8GB for fully functional operation. You have to choose something else from the choice menu while installing.

Your primary hard drive is sda and anything connected will be in the same format as 'sdx'(where 'x' stands for b,c,d, depending on your number of disks connected) .Format the system using 'Ext4 File System' and give mount point as '/' this is your root partition. Then you can see a tick near your selected drive 'sdx'. Most importantly there is a option which will ask where the bootloader to be installed you must change it to '\dev\sdb'. Now you are ready just click install. You have to answer few questions like name, location, password etc and you get your working Ubuntu on Usb stick.

You have to tell the boot loader to boot from USB drive each time you want to go to Ubuntu on your external drive.


Virtual hosting with a LAMP server and Ubuntu 12.04 with Filezilla

You'll need to login as root in Filezilla to access the configuration files. With Apache, they will be located in /etc/apache2/sites-available. You will also be required to symlink or cp them to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled for them to be activated.

Base two new files off of default, change the domain and location, remove the default_server and upload them.

They should look something like this:

<VirtalHost *:80>

    ServerName example.com
    ServerAlias www.example.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/html_public

    <Directory />
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
    </Directory>

    <Directory /var/www/example.com/html_public>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride None
        Order allow, deny
        allow form all
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog /var/www/example/logs/error.log
    LogLevel warn
    CustomLog /var/www/example/logs/access.log combined

</VirtualHost>


How to fix "This site can’t be reached ... took too long to respond for some websites?

It looks like you are not connected to the internet.

First, test the website using curl

curl http://google.com

If that returns error, then your connection is broken.

Check if you are obtaining the correcte ip address compared to other computers

ifconfig

if the ip looks wrong, you can renew using

dhcpcd -k
ifup eth0
# replace eth0 with whatever your wifi is called

If that doesn't help then you might be able to manually assign a static ip
check out an article here


My webcam is not working with Google+ Hangout, can I make it work?

Well I managed to solve the problem. I will post it for future use. It turns out that it is similar to the Skype issue.

Open the terminal and launch nautilus as root:

sudo nautilus

Rename /opt/google/talkplugin/GoogleTalkPlugin to /opt/google/talkplugin/GoogleTalkPlugin.real
Create a new /opt/google/talkplugin/GoogleTalkPlugin
Enter this text in the new file, and save it (make sure that the libv4l package is installed if not get it through synaptic):

#!/bin/sh
LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libv4l/v4l1compat.so /opt/google/talkplugin/GoogleTalkPlugin.real

Give the new file the permissions to run, by going to properties, permissions and allow to execute.

That's it. For me it worked.
In case of a newer version of the plugin in the future you might need to do so, with the new one (renaming).


How to create new user with Public key authentication?

You need to store his public key in ~john/.ssh/authorized_keys as described in manual page for sshd (good place to start). Also you need to make sure the ~john/.ssh/ directory is owned by john and has 0700 permissions and ~john/.ssh/authorized_keys also with permissions 0600.

Then the user should be able to log in.


How do I force wget to use a proxy server without modifying system files?

The -e option allows you to provide commands as in wgetrc at the command line
so you do not need to change a file ...

wget -e use_proxy=yes -e http_proxy=$proxy http://askubuntu.com