How to have both monitors in the workspace preview for Gnome Shell?

This is doable with an extension called multi-monitors-add-on.

You can also find it on extensions.gnome.org for installation.

If you are using the latest version of Gnome shell (3.14 and 3.16) use the master branch:

git clone git://github.com/spin83/multi-monitors-add-on.git
cd multi-monitors-add-on
cp -r multi-monitors-add-on@spin83 ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions

For Ubuntu 14.04, which has Gnome shell 3.10, use the gnome-3-10 branch:

git clone git://github.com/spin83/multi-monitors-add-on.git
git checkout gnome-3-10
cd multi-monitors-add-on
cp -r multi-monitors-add-on@spin83 ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions

then restart gnome shell and enable the extension. To enable it, you can use the Tweak Tool.

The result:

The extension has a lot of options including removing panels and such. I turn off the panel on the extra monitors and then leave "Thumbnails-Slider" options turned on.


As suggested by user26687 the solution mentioned in the bug report seems to solve the problem:

install the needed thumbnailers
make a symbolic link to the installed thumbnailers in the qt5 plugins folder, run:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/plugins/* /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt5/plugins/

Replace x86_64-linux-gnu with i386-linux-gnu for 32bit.

Note: the problem still exists in Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS xenial xerus.

The bug is also known in Launchpad.


There are two links which will help you:  You can try to troubleshoot the black screen or you can remove the ati drivers.

I would recommend removing the ATI drivers, but the choice is yours.


Most likely you following a PyGtk 2 guide when trying to implement this: According to the GTK 3 documentation there is no function named gtk_window_add_accelerator, but there is a function named gtk_accel_group_connect that looks like its going to get the job done. When working with GTK documentation it's usually 80% gut feeling and 20% checking the docs to seen if your right. Don't expect any fancy tutorials or guides (you'll be disappointed most of the time)…

Anyway: Looking at the gtk_accel_group_connect documentation, we see these parameters: accel_group, accel_key, accel_mods, accel_flags and closure.

So how to call this function from Python? Let's do this step by step:

Since we're in Python (object-oriented language) we can expect the accel_group parameter to be implicit as it's the first parameter and a reference to the object we're trying to modify.
The next parameter (accel_key) is more tricky: It's an integer and the documentation just tells us key value of the accelerator which basically means figure out yourself how to find the accelerator key value. Fortunately some quick search reveals the function gdk_keyval_from_name which seems to do what we want. (And calling Gdk.keyval_from_name('O') actually returns the right result.)
Next is the parameter accel_mods: By clicking on its type (GdkModifierType) we get a nice listing of all the possible modifier types. As you wanted to use the <Control> modifier we can just use Gdk.ModifierType.CONTROL_MASK and move on.
accel_flags also has a clickable type (GtkAccelFlags) and opening its description reveals that none of these parameters are needed so we may safely use 0 for this paramter.
Finally we're at the last parameter (closure): Since closure is just a fancy word for callback (something that should be called when something happens) we can just use the fact that the Python GTK bindings abstract closures for us and and pass some callable function here that gets called whenever <Control>O was pressed.

In context the code now looks like this (verified to be working):

#!/usr/bin/python3

from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk

class DeSedit(Gtk.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="DeSedit")

        self.set_default_size(550, 350)

        # FileChooserDialog - Open File
        dialog = Gtk.FileChooserDialog("Select file to be opened", self,
            Gtk.FileChooserAction.OPEN,
            (Gtk.STOCK_CANCEL, Gtk.ResponseType.CANCEL,
            Gtk.STOCK_OK, Gtk.ResponseType.OK))
        # keyboard shortcuts
        accel = Gtk.AccelGroup()
        accel.connect(Gdk.keyval_from_name('O'), Gdk.ModifierType.CONTROL_MASK, 0, self.on_accel_pressed)
        self.add_accel_group(accel)

        # grid to organize widgets
        self.box = Gtk.Box()
        self.add(self.box)
        # text view
        self.textview = Gtk.TextView()
        self.textview.set_wrap_mode(True)
        # scroll bar
        scrollwindow = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
        scrollwindow.add(self.textview)

        self.box.pack_start(scrollwindow, True, True, 0)

    def on_accel_pressed(self, *args):
        dialog = Gtk.FileChooserDialog("Select file to be opened", self,
            Gtk.FileChooserAction.OPEN,
            (Gtk.STOCK_CANCEL, Gtk.ResponseType.CANCEL,
            Gtk.STOCK_OK, Gtk.ResponseType.OK))
        dialog.show()

window = DeSedit()  # create DeSedit object
window.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)

Hope this gets you started with GTK+3!


System failure during aptitude upgrade resulted in broken package: No such file or directory: '/usr/lib/python3.5/distutils/filelist.py'

My solution was to look for the file /usr/lib/python3.5/distutils/filelist.py in the Internet. Got to this list, that says the file is part of libpython3.5-stdlib.

What I did

I downloaded the libpython3.5-stdlib DEB file from a mirror, and then run

$ sudo dpkg -i /home/adam/Downloads/libpython3.5-stdlib_3.5.2-2~16.01_amd64.deb

What I would try if it happened again

I would try to run sudo apt-get install --reinstall libpython3.5-stdlib or sudo dpkg --reconfigure libpython3.5-stdlib before downloading. Not sure it would work, but it is worth the try.

I am posting it because these steps proved helpful to me. I used to always solve problems with dpkg --reconfigure and/or apt-get install --reinstall, but it failed me now. This is a specific scenario but can be made a bit generic. Those are the generic steps I'd suggest:

Search the Internet for the file mentioned in the error.
If you found a package, try to reinstall this package, instead of the one whose installation is failing.
If you could not get it via dpkg --reconfigure or apt-get, download the package from a mirror and install with `dpkg -i . Pay attention to the version.
Eventually, if the installation fails, try to unpack the DEB file and copy the missing file to the correct path.
After all, if you got success, run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade, just to be sure.

It is not guaranteed it would solve your problems, but those are steps that helped me and I did not figured out before.


Is there any way to recover my sudo power?

No. Can't you log in as the admin user (who was created at installation time)? If yes, log in and add the new user to the sudo group, where's the problem?

If no, do you have physical access to the machine? If yes, boot from a Ubuntu CD, mount your harddrive and add the user to the group manually. For example, assuming that /dev/sdb1 is the partition on your hard drive that is mounted as root (/), then after booting the live CD, do:

sudo -i
mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
cd /mnt/etc
nano group

(yeah, you can do that all from a GUI as well)

A simple text editor opens. Search for the line starting with "sudo". It may look something like this:

sudo:x:27:oldadmin

Assuming that oldadmin is the user name of the admin. If the new user's login name is newuser, modify that line to

sudo:x:27:oldadmin,newuser

save the file and reboot the computer. The newuser should have now the privilege to run sudo.

If you do not have physical access to the machine, you lost your administrative password and the root is not permitted to log in, then you have a problem, sir.


No you don't have the reinstall the OS but i will suggest add a swap partition as you might need it.


How do I change the resolution of Terraria with PlayOnLinux?

The first step is to get the Wine desktop the size you want. Once you have that setup, you'll probably have to go change the video settings in Terraria. If the settings look correct, but Terraria is still using the smaller window, toggle the windowed/fullscreen setting once or twice and then re-select the resolution.

The Terraria developers are supposed to release a native Linux client pretty soon now, so hopefully we won't need any more workarounds like this.


Switching window manager/desktop environments?

Just install the one that you want.  For example to install LXDE, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo apt-get install lxde

for XFCE

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

for Gnome

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install gnome-shell

Once you install the one you want, log out, choose the one you want, and log back in.


Locally integrated menus (menus in title bars) only working selectively

First, open gnome-terminal (terminal) and then click edit, select prefrences and then disable the option "show menubar by default in new terminals". Close the prefrences menu, right-click anywhere on the output area and de-select the option "show menubar" before closing the terminal.

Now, open a new terminal, right-click anywhere on the output area and select "show menubar". The menu should now display properly in the top panel instead of the window like it did before.

Next, click "terminal" in the top menu, select "prefrences" and this time enable the option "show menubar by default in new terminals".

The menu should now display in the top menu instead of in the window from now on and the problem should be fixed.

(tested on a newly installed ubuntu-desktop 14.04)

If you didn't already give this a try, you may want to see if this command-line option  works for those apps by disabling the integrated window menus for your user-profile using gsettings.

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity integrated-menus false

As far as indicator-appmenu is concerned, you can check to see if it's installed by typing the following command in an open terminal:

dpkg -l | grep indicator-appmenu

The output should list indicator-appmenu if it's installed which I'm sure it probably is but you never know, if not, you can install it or even reinstall it just for good measure like this.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install --reinstall indicator-appmenu


GUI apps always generate Xlib: extension "RANDR" missing on display ":0.0".

you have xinerama enabled . . .  i guess . . .then xrandr is not available . .  switch to twinview


xmodmap -e 'add mod3 = Scroll_Lock'

(Note the difference in the single-quotes!)

Copy this and paste it in a terminal.

Then the error will no longer occur.

I have used this command successfully on my Ubuntu 12.04 system.


Why does putty open a session on port 36556

Port 36556 is the source port at xx.xx.xx.xx that putty is using to connect to the destination port 22 at your server


Installing Ubuntu to other hard disk from a running system

If you are in an Ubuntu machine, then you can just copy the running system in the external hard drive.

Let us assume you already partitioned the external hard drive.  For this example I am going to use 2 partitions: / and /home.

$ sudo mkdir -p /target
$ sudo mount /media/external-hdd/main /target
$ sudo sync
$ sudo cp -ax / /target
$ sudo mount /media/external-hdd/home /target/home
$ sudo cp -ax /home /target/home

cp -ax does not cross different file system and it is archived (preserve permissions, does not follow symlinks, etc.)

Then, you have to update the grub settings and the fstab in the target disk.  You can use chroot, but before, you will need:

$ sudo mount -o bind /sys /target/sys
$ sudo mount -o bind /proc /target/proc
$ sudo mount -o bind /dev /target/dev

Now you are ready to chroot:

$ sudo chroot /target
# (now you are in the external HD as root)

Now, you have to update the UUIDs in your fstab and grub.  In order to get the UUID, you can run:

# blkid

Then, replace in /etc/fstab the UUID with the appropriate id gotten with blkid.

The last step is to update the configuration for booting and install the bootloader in the external hard drive.  In my case I use grub, so, I have edit /boot/grub/menu.lst.
There you have to replace the line that starts with # kopt=root=UUID=... ro and replace the content of UUID to the partition that has root file system.

# grub-install /device/name
# update-grub

Where /device/name is the external hdd.

Then, you can exit of chroot and unmount the devices.

# ^D
$ sudo umount /target/sys
$ sudo umount /target/proc
$ sudo umount /target/dev
$ sudo umount /target/home
$ sudo umount /target/

And the disk should be ready to be used.  Once you boot it, it might ran fsck, because it was not unmount properly (you copied the content live).


At first I'll quote the steeldriver's comment:

It's a bad idea to manually delete any files installed by the package manager - it will get confused.

I'm completely agree with it.
Then let's discuss the filesizes problem. I'm writing this from the Ubuntu MATE 16.04.6 LTS with many applications installed.
Even on it I have the following:

$ du -sh /usr/share/man
72M   /usr/share/man

But /usr/share/doc is bigger:

$ du -sh /usr/share/doc
2,3G  /usr/share/doc

But why does /usr/share/doc is bigger? Let's run ncdu on this folder:

$ sudo ncdu /usr/share/doc

ncdu 1.11 ~ Use the arrow keys to navigate, press ? for help
--- /usr/share/doc ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    1,5 GiB [##########] /texlive-doc
  153,3 MiB [#         ] /gnuradio-doc
   67,3 MiB [          ] /fp-docs
   25,3 MiB [          ] /kde
   23,9 MiB [          ] /eagle
   22,8 MiB [          ] /python-cherrypy3
   20,0 MiB [          ] /libopenscap-dev
   15,7 MiB [          ] /octave-htmldoc
   13,6 MiB [          ] /nautilus-actions
   13,4 MiB [          ] /gcc-4.8-base
   13,0 MiB [          ] /uhd-host
   10,8 MiB [          ] /HTML
    9,4 MiB [          ] /maxima-doc
    9,3 MiB [          ] /avr-libc
    8,1 MiB [          ] /libx11-dev
    7,2 MiB [          ] /libjanino-java
    7,1 MiB [          ] /virtualbox-5.1
    6,7 MiB [          ] /openjdk-8-jre-headless
    6,2 MiB [          ] /python-logilab-common
    5,7 MiB [          ] /graphviz
    5,3 MiB [          ] /mibrfcs
    5,2 MiB [          ] /asymptote-doc
    5,2 MiB [          ] /ngspice-doc
    4,7 MiB [          ] /autoconf-archive
    4,5 MiB [          ] /liblcms2-dev
    4,2 MiB [          ] /octave-doc
    3,9 MiB [          ] /groff-base
    3,8 MiB [          ] /latex2html
    3,3 MiB [          ] /libgnuinet-java
    3,1 MiB [          ] /texstudio
    2,9 MiB [          ] /libsane
    2,9 MiB [          ] /dblatex
    2,8 MiB [          ] /dia
    2,6 MiB [          ] /android
    2,6 MiB [          ] /gcc-4.6-base
    2,4 MiB [          ] /mesa-common-dev
 Total disk usage:   2,2 GiB  Apparent size:   2,0 GiB  Items: 98961

So here I have about 1.5 Gb of useful stuff from TeXLive with TeX templates and documentation.
If you do not have TeXLive installed, then this folder would be smaller.

You should also know that both folders are used by Help browser for GNOME named Yelp from yelp package. So you can read many official documents offline.
If you open it, then:

press Ctrl+L and write here man:man (or call Yelp from terminal with yelp man:man) then you will get man-page for man command -

navigate to All Help then you will get many html-based help pages -

So these folders are very useful for offline use.

But if you are really know what are you doing, then you can remove documentation-only packages (having -doc suffix) with command like:
sudo apt purge $(dpkg -l | grep -- '-doc\b' | awk '{print $2}')

(on my system it plans to remove 1 444 MB, in which are 1 086 MB for TexLive-related and 358 MB for others)


Fonts in browsers seem to be rendered differently than in the rest of Kubuntu

First, go to the Kubuntu font settings,
see how different settings work for
antialiasing, subpixel rendering, and hinting.

That was the minimal set of important font options.

If you want to see the maximal set of font options, try infinality:

You need the ppa ppa:no1wantdthisname/ppa
For how to use it, and important notes to read before, see launchpad: Better font rendering ppa.

Install is with

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install fontconfig-infinality

See /etc/profile.d/infinality-settings.sh for setup.

$ grep -Eo '^export INFINALITY_[^=]+=' /etc/profile.d/infinality-settings.sh | sort -u
export INFINALITY_FT_AUTOHINT_HORIZONTAL_STEM_DARKEN_STRENGTH=
export INFINALITY_FT_AUTOHINT_INCREASE_GLYPH_HEIGHTS=
export INFINALITY_FT_AUTOHINT_SNAP_STEM_HEIGHT=
export INFINALITY_FT_AUTOHINT_VERTICAL_STEM_DARKEN_STRENGTH=
export INFINALITY_FT_BOLD_EMBOLDEN_X_VALUE=
export INFINALITY_FT_BOLD_EMBOLDEN_Y_VALUE=
export INFINALITY_FT_BRIGHTNESS=
export INFINALITY_FT_CHROMEOS_STYLE_SHARPENING_STRENGTH=
export INFINALITY_FT_CONTRAST=
export INFINALITY_FT_FILTER_PARAMS=
export INFINALITY_FT_FRINGE_FILTER_STRENGTH=
export INFINALITY_FT_GAMMA_CORRECTION=
export INFINALITY_FT_GLOBAL_EMBOLDEN_X_VALUE=
export INFINALITY_FT_GLOBAL_EMBOLDEN_Y_VALUE=
export INFINALITY_FT_GRAYSCALE_FILTER_STRENGTH=
export INFINALITY_FT_STEM_ALIGNMENT_STRENGTH=
export INFINALITY_FT_STEM_FITTING_STRENGTH=
export INFINALITY_FT_STEM_SNAPPING_SLIDING_SCALE=
export INFINALITY_FT_USE_KNOWN_SETTINGS_ON_SELECTED_FONTS=
export INFINALITY_FT_USE_VARIOUS_TWEAKS=
export INFINALITY_FT_WINDOWS_STYLE_SHARPENING_STRENGTH=


Turns out to be a silly mistake of not editing the default config file to proxy PHP request.

server {
    listen   80;
    server_name domain.in;
    access_log /home/ashfame/www/domain.in/logs/access.log;
    error_log /home/ashfame/www/domain.in/logs/error.log;

    location / {
        root   /home/ashfame/www/domain.in/public_html;
        index  index.html index.php;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /home/ashfame/www/domain.in/public_html$fastcgi_script_name;
    }
}


Your system must be UEFI given Win10 is already installed. In the case of UEFI installations, grub must be installed in the ESP partition. If you are using a single drive most likely this will be the first partition of the drive although it does not have to be in any special location. Run gparted and then you will see where the ESP partition resides.
During installation of Lubuntu, specify that you want to install grub into the ESP partition and that should fix the problem.
Here is what you would need to do;

create a liveUSB using the 64bit version of Lubuntu.
boot using liveUSB
run Lubuntu installation
provide requested responses till you get to the the screen where it will ask you select an installation option.
Select 'Something Else' option.
Now you need to select the partition where you want to install Lubuntu.
Specify that you want to use this partition and select the option to format it.
Now click on the drop down menu where it asks you to specify where to install grub. Select the ESP partition. The ESP partition is around 100-200 Mbytes and should have the boot flag set.
Provide the rest of the information and when you restart the system you should see the grub menu where you can select Lubuntu or Windows as boot options.


Confirm which Firefox software is installed...

dpkg -l *firefox* | grep ii

Then uninstall the current Firefox...

sudo apt-get purge firefox-mozilla-build

And install the new version...

sudo apt-get install firefox
sudo apt-get install libdbus-glib-1-2 # use only if install fails, then retry install


How to install downloaded packages in terminal

Use dpkg - package manager for Debian.

dpkg -i yourpackage.deb to install a package.


My PC gone while deleting files from USB

There is a high probability that /dev/sda1 (/dev/sda being first hard disk) was your root partition and you have overwritten first 4MB of it with random data. You will have to reinstall Ubuntu on your system. before doing this. I recommend that you get an bootable USB with one of the Ubuntu Rescue distribution and try to salvage the data from the root partition. You will need an external hard disk drive to save the salvaged data.

Overview of the rescue linux OSs:

https://opensource.com/life/15/2/five-specialized-linux-distributions-computer-repair


How do I remove another computer which has remote access to my laptop?

With dpkg -s openssh-server | grep Status returning installed you have confirmed that someone installed an SSH server on your machine, as this package is not installed by default in any of the current Ubuntu releases (see their .manifest files). If you don’t need remote access to your machine and want to make sure nobody else is using ssh to get access either, simply remove this package with

sudo apt remove openssh-server

and either reboot or stop the sshd service with

systemctl stop sshd

and kill any connection that may still be active with:

killall sshd

Manually removing an SSH user is more complicated and requires much more information than you gave us, but these questions might be helpful:

How to log off an user from SSH?
What is a user-friendly way to log off other users?
How to delete useless ssh key on my server(Ubuntu server 16.04) and generate new one


As for the whatsapp url you posted, thats a negative, tried it but the packages are no longer supported. There is no whatsapp for ubuntu touch.

Google drive has a good mobile website, so it will be easy to go there.


How can I recover my contacts from my ubuntu phone on a Broken Nexus 4?

If you had Ubuntu installed on your phone (wow! good job!), you may be able to open a SSH connection... and then recover any file you need.

Else, you could try to plug your phone to an external screen, keyboard and even mouse. I'm not sure how it can handle peripherals, but since it's Ubuntu i'm quite optimistic.
(However, it should be wired since wireless needs configuration on phone's side, which you can't control yet).

If you can plug a screen, you may be able to duplicate the your phone display. If the tactile is broken, you'll need a keyboard to navigate.
Then you could either install a SSH server (and copy any file from your computer) or send them to a cloud service like Dropbox or Ubuntu One or Google Drive or even Git or whatever else, or even copy them to a USB key, but for that you need a OTA cable.

So I guess you'd need to find an adapter to plug USB (with OTA support for the key) and HDMI devices.

One other solution to consider is to try to boot from USB. I don't even know if it's possible but I guess you know if your BIOS is configured to launch on USB.
If so, you could boot on a USB with a light distro executing a script when it starts, to mount your phone's partition and then copy files from it.

Lastly, one question : what happens when you plug your phone to your computer? Does it just not mount as any USB key?

TL;DR

Can you plug peripherals on your phone, do you know how they are handled?

Have you installed a SSH server on your phone?

What if you just connect your phone to your computer?

Do you have a dual boot on your phone? I'm not sure I understood what you mean.


Sweet Home 3D

Sweet Home 3D is a free interior design application
that helps you place your furniture on a house 2D plan, with a 3D preview.


Synaptics touchpad: how to activate the cursor Momentum (NOT scrolling Momentum)

This feature is missing. You would need the Synaptic Gesture Suite which only OEMs have access to.

I really hope that at some point this will change. Someone please post here if it does!

Source: Turn on Touchpad Momentum feature in ubuntu

Other related Questions about this:

Touchpad cursor inertia

https://superuser.com/questions/63681/kinetic-scrolling-in-linux-and-synaptics (Neil Santos)


How do you convert many files from .xlsx to .xls?

You can use unoconv:

sudo apt-get install unoconv
ls *.xlsx | xargs unoconv -f xls

You may need to start "unoconv -l" on a differente terminal to provide the OO listener service.


Terminal command to backup thunderbird address book?

Mozilla Address Book .mab

Backing up your address books GUI

It is recommended that you regularly make backups of all your Thunderbird application data, including mail files, address books, and account settings, so that you can restore your complete profile(s) if it becomes necessary.

In addition, you may want to occasionally make separate backups of all your address books by exporting them as LDIF files. That way, if your address books ever happen to become corrupted, you will still have a separate backup that you can import into any Thunderbird profile. To do so, export each address book as an LDIF file using the procedure described above and then burn the LDIF files onto a CD-ROM or store them elsewhere for safekeeping.

To export an address book:

 - Open Thunderbird > Tools - Address Book

* In the Address Book window, select the address book that you want to export.
* Go to the "Tools" menu and select "Export...".
* Enter a name for the address book, select "LDIF" from the drop-down list, choose where on your computer you want to save the address book, and then click to save the file.

Backing up your address books Command-Line

Your address book in stored in your profile to know where is it execute :

  sudo locate *.mab -> find something like abook.mab


It happens to be finally very simple because of my backup file. I hop it will help guys like me who didn't find enough documentation about how to restart a grow after a clean reboot:

mdadm --stop /dev/md...
mdadm --assemble --backup-file location_of_backup_file  /dev/md...

it should restore the work automatically
you can verify it with

mdadm --detail /dev/md....

and cat /proc/mdstat


symbol lookup error: undefined symbol: _gfortran_internal_malloc64

Ok, I found the solution. I needed to make EIGENSOFT from the source code. This helped:

  This is one way that eigensoft has been installed
  on a Ubuntu computer.

  First install the dependencies:
  gfortran
  liblapack-dev

  Now cd to the src directory and build as follows:
  $ make all
  $ make install

  At this point you should have some files in the eigensoft/bin directory.
  Note that the installation does not require admin privileges
  and does not put files anywhere outside of the eigensoft directory tree.

  To uninstall, cd to the src directory and run:
  $ make clobber

  To check that eigensoft has reverted to the pre-installed state,
  check git status if eigensoft has been cloned from a git repo.


@ppetraki

After I did a juju expose wordpress the charm was exposed (see my first post's juju status: exposed: true) BUT the port was NOT open. Hence I manually opened it by editing the instance security group allowing port 80. Note that my juju environment is set to have placement: local. I understand this is not a general solution, but it worked in my specific case.

@marcoceppi

I agree this is not a solution and I am pretty certain there is a bug somewhere in either juju or the charm. If I can help please let me know.


Like mentioned on comments, disabling Bluetooth and adding this

blacklist dw_dmac
blacklist dw_dmac_core

to

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

solved all the issues for me. I got this from this link http://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=42&t=163126&start=20#p961212


dpkg: error processing archive with texmaker

You can force dpkg to over-write files by:

sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite Downloads/texmaker_ubuntu_14.04_4.4.1_i386.deb

Also run sudo apt-get -f install to make sure everything is OK.


How to permanently change sysfs setting for certain block device?

Take a look at /sys/block/sda/device.  It is a symlink to a real sysfs path that depends on the pci device ( the sata host controller ) and the port to which the drive is attached, and this isn't going to change unless you physically move the drive connection.


I want to install openresty in my ubuntu

before configure step:

apt-get -y update
apt-get -y install libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev libpcre3-dev libssl-dev perl make


When your computer is turned on it does a couple of tests to see if it all good to go and boot an operative system, those are called POST (Power On Self-Test).

The trick is to press the Shift key, right after POST and right before your computer would load Ubuntu. If you do it during POST there is a big chance it will be ignored when that if over and it just loads Ubuntu as nothing has happened.


I can confirm that the displaylink driver works. I just bought the "Targus ACP71USZ USB 3 Docking Station with HD Video and Power Adapter" and I have installed the drivers (version 1.0.138) as instructed at

http://support.displaylink.com/knowledgebase/articles/615714#ubuntu

Things so far have worked out smoothly in my Ubuntu 15.04 system. Configuration through the gnome system settings has been easy.
I have encountered only one minor glitch. The speakers do not work through the docking station. Surprisingly, in the sound settings the Targus microphone input is detected but the output is not. Not a deal breaker, though.


GIMP: How to assign a keyboard shortcut to "screenshot" function

Today I found a way to open the interactive screeenshot tool from the cli.

gimp --batch '(plug-in-screenshot RUN-INTERACTIVE FALSE 0 0 0 0 0)' --new-instance

If you want to understand this look at https://www.gimp.org/tutorials/Basic_Batch/ to understand the basic syntax. To lookup specific commands navigate to Help > Procedure Browser and search for screenshot.

This will start a new gimp process and open the screenshot dialogue.

I tried to understand the RUN-NONINTERACTIVE flag, but the image never appeared in gimp. So if you really want a shortcut for the Snap button, its probably faster to use something like this:

xdotool mousemove --window `xdotool getwindowfocus` \
          $(xwininfo -id `xdotool getwindowfocus` \
          | sed -n -e "s/^ \+Width: \+\([0-9]\+\).*/\1/p" \
                   -e "s/^ \+Height: \+\([0-9]\+\).*/\1/p" \
          | awk '{print $1-20}' | tr '\n' ' ') \
          click 1

This finds the bottom right corner of the active window and moves your mouse 20 pixels left and 20 pixels up from that point and presses your left mouse button.


Change resolution for an old Philips 109E5 monitor?

I wrote this script:

xrandr --newmode 1600x1200_60.00  161.00  1600 1712 1880 2160  1200 1203 1207 1245 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA1 1600x1200_60.00
xrandr --output VGA1 --mode 1600x1200_60.00

and then I added it to Startup applications. It works!


Compiling custom kernel with debug symbols

If you just need kernel symbols to run systemtap, easiest way is to install the dbgsym package for your kernel, it'll be a lot less painful than recompiling the whole kernel yourself:

Head over to How to install Ubuntu kernel debug symbols.

If there's no matching dbgsym package you might need to upgrade your kernel.
See apt-cache search 'linux-image.*dbgsym' for current list of kernels with debug symbols.


USB mouse lag with XFCE on Ubuntu 18.04, Xorg display

I finally figured out the problem, which is not likely to affect anyone else in the universe, but here's the solution anyway.  As part of an autostart script for Xfce, I was using powertop to make power-saving adjustments (powertop --auto-tune). This included power management for the USB Logitech receiver, which caused the USB mouse to fall asleep after a few seconds of inactivity.

I replaced my powertop command with an excellent script (https://askubuntu.com/a/1026527/824514) that autotunes powertop but subsequently disables power management for USB devices using the Human Interface Device driver.

I don't know why I didn't have this problem in ubuntu 16.04, nor do I care to think about it.

Thanks to Ric Klaren for the script, and to Chris Pavlovich at Oregon State University for helping me identify the problem.


how to install Scraping plugin "libweb-scraper-perl_0.36.orig.tar.gz "?

you don't have to install from source code. Easily you can just run the command to install:

sudo apt-get install libweb-scraper-perl

But you have to enable "Universe" repository if you don't have it yet.

To do that  open software center. Click on 'edit' and then 'software sources' to open the software sources window. Once that is open, check the box that says, "Community-maintained free and open-source software (universe)."


Proxy with authentication in Ubuntu 18.04

I have been able to solve this issue successfully. For anyone facing the same issues, here is what I did:

Tested on Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04 and CentOS 7

Instructions

Install cntlm (supplied through Virtualbox Shared Folders)
Specifying username, domain, password hash (PassNTLMv2 - obtained with cntlm -H after setting username and domain), proxy server, noproxy, listen (I used the default 3128)
Launching cntlm in bash
Using your DE's network settings to set system-wide proxy (easy in gnome 3) OR specifying http_proxy and https_proxy in /etc/environment to 127.0.0.1:3128 (cntlm's listening port locally)
[Ubuntu] Specifying proxy settings in /etc/apt/apt.conf (e.g. Acquire::http::Proxy "http://127.0.0.1:3128"; for both http and https separately)

Now either open a new terminal window to test connection (wget/apt) or sign out and back in to test system-wide settings.

Setting up with firefox

Firefox however didn't work with the steps above only. Open settings and on the bottom of the General tab there are proxy settings. Just input the address to your local server manually and check the box to use it for every protocol.


Brightness hotkey doesn't work on laptop asus k501ux [Ubuntu 16.04.1]

Go to the terminal and open grub file

  sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Find

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

and change to this

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=native acpi_osi="

Update grub

  sudo update-grub

Restart and it's done

That worked on Asus k501ux laptop


This seems to be a recent bug with the last update. It is also affecting my install on ubuntu 14.04 lts after the last update file a report on
 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus-dropbox/+bug/1546176


How to download Playonlinux through terminal?

virusboy@virusboy-Inspiron-3521:~$ sudo apt-get install playonlinux
[sudo] password for virusboy:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libwxgtk-media2.8-0 python-wxgtk2.8 python-wxversion
Suggested packages:
  scrot wx2.8-doc wx2.8-examples editra
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libwxgtk-media2.8-0 playonlinux python-wxgtk2.8 python-wxversion
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 4,949 kB of archives.
After this operation, 27.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

This is what you should see.  Since PlayonLinux is a wrapper for Wine, you need the Wine PPA.  To do this in a terminal type in the following:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update

to add the PPA repository to your ever growing list of PPAs and update the list.  Now you can use the command without issue.


AMD Radeon HD 4250 - Fan noise and driver choice

Eliminating fan noise in Linux with Catalyst driver ( fglrx )

sudo apt-get install fglrx
sudo aticonfig --initial

Then reboot.

Open Ati Catalyst Control Center, locate the "powerplay" setting and set to "optimize for battery usage"

This kills the constant fan noise as ati card runs with minimal power and thus cooler. In normal linuxes it is enough to run compiz or games.

Note for 11.04beta : fglrx ( no matter what settings ) does NOT work with unity.You need unity-2d or ubuntu-classic desktop with no effects-

radeon driver works with unity, but has no real powersettings ( it has some, but fan runs also often above the accepatable, so its a no go - I also have a laptop and need it silent .. so fglrx is the only way )

When 11.04 is final fglrx and unity will of course work , but not yet.


Why are there updates pending after install, even when download updates during installation?

The option only DOWNLOADS the updates.  It does not install them.  I never check the option because I don't find that it always works. Also, why not just do it after the install because then you can start customizing the system during the updates.

And the other option to install multimedia codecs is VERY helpful because then you can do most multimedia stuff without having to install other codecs.


Is there a way to switch to tree view in Nautilus 3.5?

The Tree view feature has been removed in Nautilus 3.5. You can now only choose between Icon view and List view as a result of this.


Is there a light-weight minimal Unity Desktop for Ubuntu 14.04?

I don't know if this is your very first incursion into the Ask Ubuntu Support System. If so, welcome to Ask Ubuntu.

For your "minimal" experience, I guess that you have a very robust computer which should not experience any issues by running the latest Ubuntu. Maybe you're missing something related to your Graphic Card drivers? Which can be solved by following one of the answers to previous questions like this: Installing Video Drivers

If you insist on "minimal" desktop environments it will be great if you dive in the answers to this question: What kinds of desktop environments and shells are available?

But, your question seems to be related to a customized learning need, for which I would suggest the usage of the i3 Window Manager which made my life easier even for low resources computer.

At this very moment I am on an HP Mini with 2GB RAM and 1.6 Intel Atom Microprocessor, 250 GB HDD and Ubuntu 14.04 figuratively does fly!!!

Anyway, if you go for learning, this is a really really really comprehensive solution for focusing on learning, coding and development. And, oh! yeah, I mentioned before... Solving speed issues even for low resources computers.

For what is about software, almost any software will run faster than what it would under other Window Managers or Desktop Environments. Your will miss the Window decorations and these fancy and eye candy stuff but it will be just the first 24 hours. When you notice that your computer is 4-8 times faster, you will wish no window decorations.

BTW. A good companion for i3WM is Synapse, so, make sure to follow a good plan to enter this twilight zone. I would suggest you the next steps:

Make sure you read enough before using i3, you may feel lost when
you see nothing but an empty screen with no right click contextual
menu and other stuff.
Install i3 Window Manager by dropping the next in a terminal: sudo
apt-get install i3, provide your user password and allow the
computer to finish installing the software.
Make sure you install Synapse, it will be really helpful for you if
you feel lost, drop the next in a terminal: sudo apt-get install
synapse and allow the computer to finish installing.
Log Out and Make sure you choose the proper i3 Window Manager from
the list of Desktop Environments/Window Managers when logging-in
again. It can be chosen by hitting the small circle close to your
name before entering your password in the log in section.
After logging in, you will be presented with the options to start
using i3WM and you will need to choose a "mod" key, I suggest you to
keep the "WinKey" as your mod key because of the "Alt" may crash
against some program's key bindings.
After choosing your mod key, press the WinKey+D key combination in
order to invoke i3 top panel launcher and write "synapse" without
quotation marks.

When Synapse appears on screen you can invoke whatever you wish and start working. It would be great if you start by opening your favorite web browser and go to the i3 User Guide in order to learn what to do with the windows. Basically I give you the next tips.

Mod (WinKey) + Number (1,2,3,4, [...] 0 = Switch to another desktop.
Mod (WinKey) + Arrow = Move to another application (Up, Down, Left,
Right)
Mod (WinKey) + Shift + Arrow = Move application to the contiguous
desktop.
Mod (WinKey) + Shift + Number (1,2 [...] 0) = Move application to the
chosen desktop number).
Mod (WinKey) + w = Activate the tabs (applications appears as tabs)
Mod (Winkey) + e = Activate tiling (applications appears as tiling)
Mod (Winkey) + Shift + space = Toggle window floating (will float as in a
normal DE)
Mod (WinKey) + Shift + Q = Quit program (any program will close with
this key combo)

You can use mouse on windows to resize, select, focus, etc. And it will take a while for you to get used to your new windows tiling system but it is worth if what you expect is speed from your computer.

A screenshot from my current desktop is placed here for you to see i3WM in action.

On this screenshot you can see Nautilus File Browser floating and the other windows are tiling.

I hope this help you. Remember that there are lots of Desktop Environments, some of them are fancy but the fanciest = more resources needed. So have it in consideration and...

Good luck!


Did you log yourself out after the change and log in again? The changes will only be visible then. That would also explain why root can see the changes.


Can't change keyboard shortcuts in gnome-session-fallback Ubuntu 13.04 over xdp

The answer is here.

I needed to update my settings using CCSM.

Steps I followed:

Open a terminal and run "sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager"
Run the compiz config manager from your terminal: ccsm
In the compiz config manager navigate: General -> General Options -> Key bindings
Set the key binding for "Show desktop" to whatever you want it to be (or disable).
Click OK
Click Back
Click Close.

Unlike the linked article I didn't have to restart anything, it worked straightaway.


Yes, normally the automatic mount is done through gvfs, and this does not run until you log in. The reason for that is that otherwise, the system cannot know which user should be given the rights to the mounted disk (remember that NTFS does not allow the Unix permissions and ownership!), and mounting as root would prevent any other user from mounting it.

Depending on what you want to achieve, you have two options.

If this is a disk that is always attached, then make an apropriate entry in /etc/fstab. It will be mounted at boot time.
Use the udev system to create a rule to automount the disk.
Mount manually after you log in with ssh. This can be achieved for example by creating an entry in /etc/fstab with the noauto option.


error fsyncing/closing/dev/sda: input/output error - hdd not detected in BIOS after this error

I/O errors usually (but not always) indicate failing hardware. My guess is that your disk (or some other disk-related component, like a cable or your motherboard's disk controller circuitry) was on its last legs, and the "exercise" involved in installing Ubuntu caused it to fail. You don't say what prompted you to install Ubuntu, but if you were having problems with Windows reliability, it's possible that this was an earlier symptom of the problem.

You might try unplugging your disk (from both ends of the cable if it's a desktop system) and plugging it back in again. You could also try running a SMART test from an Ubuntu live CD -- but if the disk isn't detected by your firmware, it might not even show up in Ubuntu, which would make such a test impossible.

If you've got a spare disk, you could try using it instead. If it works, then you can pretty much conclude that your old disk is dead. If the replacement disk fails, too, then chances are the problem is with your computer motherboard's circuitry.


In all currently supported versions of Ubuntu open the terminal and type:
sudo apt install ipython python-sympy python-matplotlib # for Python 2.x in Ubuntu 18.04 and earlier

or
sudo apt install ipython3 python3-sympy python3-matplotlib # for Python 3.x

Start the IPython interpreter with the --pylab option like this: ipython --pylab to enable showing the output plot as shown in the below screenshot. The Python code in the screenshot is identical to the code in the question.

X gate test


I will answer myself, easy fix is to open system settings -> appearance and then comute between the themes, ambiance->adwait -> ambiance and now the icons appear ok, unsure if the issues only happens on startup.


Can I create a new partition my hard drive after installing Ubuntu?

You are doing this using fdisk command
you can do major operation with disk-drive
For a step-by-step guide refer to this link: How to use fdisk to manage partitions on Linux


Change the name of a desktop environment on the GDM and Unity Greeter login screens

This should work for LightDM, GDM, KDM and LXDM:

Desktop environment choices in e.g. unity greeter are defined by .desktop files in /usr/share/xsessions (X.org) and /usr/share/wayland-sessions (Wayland). These should be added automatically when you install a desktop environment from the official ubuntu repositories. Edit the corresponding file (e.g. openbox.desktop if you want to rename openbox) and change the name (the line starting with Name=...).


In order to change the icon theme in Ubuntu with Gnome Shell (version 17.10 and upwards), you need to install an external configuration tool, "Gnome Tweaks". On the "Appearance" tab, you can select one of the installed icon themes on your system.


Firefox youtube flash player shows as grey box?

I would advise removing the Ubuntu Tweak PPA from your software sources by opening the Software Centre then clicking Edit->Software Sources.... Click the 'Other Software' tab then untick the Ubuntu Tweak PPA.

Close the software sources window and it should refresh your software index.

Uninstall any flash plugins you have installed then install ubuntu-restricted-extras. This should get flash working again.

In the future do not use PPAs unless you are certain of what you are doing. Note that Ubuntu Tweak is for users who know what they are doing and can mess up your system if you use it without precautions.


Plasma network monitor doesn't show speed for ethernet, works OK on wifi link

OK, not sure what happened. The plasma taskbar crashed and restarted, and the nes instance didn't show the monitor. So I added the widget again and the new plasmoid instance worked... but when I locked the bar's widgets again, the old plasmoid instance came back, still with no indications, while the new one was still there and worked correctly. So I removed the old instance, and so far, so good.


Installing 12.10 themes! I can't get any to work

Gnome 3.6 features a new theming engine that is different from 3.4, 3.2, and 3.0. As Gnome 3.6 is relatively new, make sure that the theme is 3.6 compatible first.

After you have verified that it is compatible, extract the zip to your .themes folder in your home folder. If you don't have a .themes folder, make it. To view hidden files in nautilus, use Ctrl + H.

Then, you can apply the theme using a program called the gnome-tweak-tool. To install it, use this command:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

After it has been installed, you can find it in the activities drawer of Gnome by searching for "Tweak Tool."


What happens to windows bootloader after installing ubuntu?

GRUB replaces the Windows Bootloader with itself. But you can also start Windows from the GRUB loader screen.

I don't know if you can install Ubuntu without its bootloader, but you can install the Windows Loader again from your Windows system.
I really don't recommend you to set your Windows Loader as default bootloader, GRUB is compatible with both operating systems and you can also customize it as you want.


Porting an installed partition of Ubuntu on a USB stick for the road

I ported Ubuntu 12.04 server from disk to USB stick successfully a year ago. The steps is as following:

Use parted or fdisk to make partitions in your USB stick, make sure the layout must be similar with your hard disk.
Create LVM if it is on your hard disk.
Make filesystem for each partition in USB stick by mkfs.*
mkdir /target and mount root filesystem onto it.
Synchronize files on each partition in your hard disk to the corresponding partition in your USB stick.
chroot /target and performance grub-install


If the file has newlines, then head and tail can be used to find a specific byte. For a file of ascii characters, chars are equivalent to bytes, but non-ascii unicode characters occupy multiple bytes. Also, the newline characters are counted. To get the byte at position 60000:

$ head -c 60000 file.txt | tail -c -1

To see how this works, the following loop looks at the first 9 bytes:

$ # First the data layout
$ echo $'123\n56\n89'
123
56
89
$ # Now get the first 9 bytes in turn
$ for i in `seq 9`; do c=`echo $'123\n56\n89' | head -c $i | tail -c -1` ; echo "$i => |$c|"; done
1 => |1|
2 => |2|
3 => |3|
4 => ||
5 => |5|
6 => |6|
7 => ||
8 => |8|
9 => |9|

Bytes 4 and 7 are newline characters.


The most usual cause of this problem is that you have not added your user to the vboxusers group.

Note that gnome 3 (what 11.10 uses) has removed the ability to add groups from their user management applet. See this question to use the old GUI tool or use the command line.

You will need to log-ou and log-in again to be able to use USB under VirtualBox.


How do I hide all windows in Ubuntu 18.04 by one click?

Change this setting:

  Settings -> Devices -> Keyboard -> Navigation -> Hide all normal windows

This is the setting you need.


An unexpected message appears while booting Ubuntu 16.04

You need to do ... nothing, thats perfectly fine, this message should normaly be invisible but somehow it snuck to visbility.

It just tells you that there are no orphaned nodes and that your journal is clean.


The gtk package is what is used for the vanilla Unity Ubuntu installer. So yes, ubiquity-frontend-gtk would work fine.

Unity is basically a frontend or a shell to gtk3, much like Gnome Shell is.


Weird Notification Area bug with Banshee

The non-transparent panel background bug was an unfortunate side effect of a workaround to fix a different bug that was causing Banshee to crash.  Luckily, the workaround is no longer needed, so it was removed on May 7 (which should fix the icon issue).  There hasn't been a stable release of Banshee since the 7th, but the problem will go away with the next release.

If you want, you can manually remove the workaround that caused this problem.  To quote the bug report,

  As a temporary fix for you, you can
  edit /usr/bin/banshee and remove the
  following lines :

  # Work around NowPlaying/webkit crash (bgo#641515) export
  XLIB_SKIP_ARGB_VISUALS=1

Note that this problem only happens with the standard Notification Area icon.  If you don't want to manually edit any text files or wait for a new release, you can always use the Banshee Application Indicator or Sound Menu integration instead of a traditional notification area icon.


Why do my transparent dialogs appear glitchy, and for those unfortunate enough to have seizures... cause problems?

The solution to this problem is to install unity-tweak-tool, sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool, go into Unity>Search and change Background Blur to OFF. You can also use CCSM to change this setting by going into desktop>unity plugin, and changing Dash Blur to No Blur.


Which option should I choose while Installing Ubuntu 12.04 along with Windows 7 x64?

You should select the first option. The first option would actually say "Install Ubuntu alongside Microsoft Windows 7" but it looks like you have several Operation Systems installed there. Select the first one and from there on you can choose the size for the partition space for Ubuntu.

Also all options can set Ubuntu to automatically set the bootloader as you mention but for your the easiest would be, again, the first one.

From the link you have provided, you can install Ubuntu on that logical 55GB space you have left.


Error might have occurred since the secure boot is not disabled in the BIOS.
Refer to the following link for installing ubuntu on a UEFI enabled computer
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI


User account needs password to eject Kindle in Calibre

Does this occur if you mount the Kindle 3 (3G), when Calibre is not running?

There are multiple known issues with conflict between Nautilus/OS and Calibre over mount/unmount. Also, some efforts to address this (eg. calibre-mount-helper) introduced security flaws, and are not recommended.

The likely best fix is to use the latest Calibre version, from: http://calibre-ebook.com/


Can I store files and folders on a live USB

A Live, (or Persistent), USB uses the FAT32 filesystem.
Windows can see and access files on a FAT32 partition just fine, (as long as it is the first partition on the drive).

Adding files to this partition will not break the Live install unless the Ubuntu files are deleted or overwritten.

If you need to access any of these stored file while booted from the USB, open filesystem/cdrom as root.

All of my USB drives have an install of Linux on them.

If you are talking about doing a Full install to the USB, use manual partitioning, (Something Other), and make the first partition on the drive FAT32 or leave it NTFS.


This is what worked for me

Open a terminal and run dconf-editor
Navigate to org > gnome > desktop > wm > keybindings
Find ['<Super>Above_Tab', '<Alt>Above_Tab']
Set it to ['disabled']
This should free up that binding for you to use elsewhere.

(ps: I use alt-grave to switch back one application like you can in mac - works well for me and the setting for that is in dconf-editor under the same place

For those of you that don't know what a grave is, it is the key right above the tab key and to the left of the number 1 key it looks like this (`). It's also known as a backtick and is used in mark down and python as a comment like this

`code here`
```or in some markdown dialects, code here```


How to mount different NFS volumes depending on the connected network?

IMO the best solution is autofs.

The syntax of autofs takes a few minutes to comprehend, but once you understand the syntax it is very very easy and very much automated.

The advantage is that your shares are mounted, automatically, seamlessly, but only as needed. So no more slow boots, yet the shares are easily available.

  autofs is a program for automatically mounting directories on an as-needed basis. Auto-mounts are mounted only as they are accessed, and are unmounted after a period of inactivity. Because of this, automounting NFS/Samba shares conserves bandwidth and offers better overall performance compared to static mounts via fstab.

Install autofs

sudo apt-get install autofs

You then remove the mounts from /etc/fstab and add them to /etc/auto.master

The syntax is

  mount-point [map-type[,format]:] map [options]

For example:

mount-point   -fstype=nfs4   server:/share

You can mount all the shares on a particular server, for example

/media/work-server   /etc/auto.work-server

will mount all the shares on your work server, in the directory /media/work-server as configured in /etc/auto.work-server

If you have a problem, paste bin your configuration file(s) and we can review them.

See : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Autofs


How to set firefox so that it asks for profile while opening?

If you are not using Unity

Copy the global firefox.desktop file to ~/.local/share/applications:

cp /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

Open the local copy with gedit:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop

Look for the first line, starting with Exec=

Change it into

Exec=firefox -P

Log out and back in, now when you run firefox, it will show:

If you are using Unity:

There is another option to conveniently choose between profiles:

Add both profiles to the firefox quicklist.

To do so

copy the global firefox.desktop file to ~/.local/share/applications:

cp /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

Then open the local copy:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop

and look for the line:

Actions=NewWindow;NewPrivateWindow;

[I'll use default and TestTest as examples for your profiles, replace the names by your real profile names.]

Change the line into:

Actions=NewWindow;NewPrivateWindow;default;TestTest;

Now add the following section to the very bottom of the file:

[Desktop Action TestTest]
Name=TestTest
Exec=firefox -P TestTest
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action default]
Name=default
Exec=firefox -P default
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

log out and back in, your Firefox launcher should look like in the image,
and you can choose from which profile to open a new window.

EDIT

As requested by OP, an additional section. The solution above works fine, but new windows are opened in the same profile.

To avoid that, add another item to your firefox quicklist, to open a new window with an arbitrary profile. To do so:

Open the local firefox.desktop file that you created (copied), as described in the answer.
Look (again) for the line:

Actions=NewWindow;NewPrivateWindow;default;TestTest;

change it into:

Actions=NewWindow;NewPrivateWindow;default;TestTest;New window with profile;

Add to the very end of your file a section:

[Desktop Action New window with profile]
Name=New window with profile
Exec=firefox -new-instance -P
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

Now you can choose to open a new window in a specific profile:


How to remove hacked account on Ubuntu server

Sorry to say, but The Only Right Way™ to go is to nuke the machine from orbit.

If a hacker managed to get that deep into your system, you can never know whether you wiped all traces or whether they've still got another ace up the sleeve with which they can regain access.

You should try to investigate how they hacked the system in first place, so that you can patch that security hole later on your new installation, and then completely erase the whole system and install from scratch. Therefore it is the best idea to shut the server down and boot a live system from which you can clone the entire storage. Later you can then examine that image in a secured and locked down environment (no access to the internet or your business networks, etc).

You should also back up only as much data as necessary, but as few as possible, because every file you copy could potentially be infected. Comparing your current data files with those from older backups (you do have periodic backups, right!?) might help to decide what you need and what is in good shape.

Related questions on other Stack Exchange sites:

How do I deal with a compromised server?
How do you explain the necessity of “nuke it from orbit” to management and users?


Dependency errors when trying to install VirtualBox 5.0 on 15.10

You use the repository for Vivid and the VirtualBox package in this repository depends on libvpx1 which is available for Vivid but not for Wily.

As you are using Wily change the repository:

sudo sed -i 's/vivid/wily/' /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-5.0


Press Ctrl+Alt+T, type gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub press Enter and enter your  password.
You will see the following contents:

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

You can change the default from 0 to any number, corresponding to the entry in the Grub bootup menu (first entry is 0, second is 1, etc.)
Then run sudo update-grub

Important: To get grub file in /etc/default/grub if not exist, run this command:

sudo apt-get install grub2 grub-pc

Then run

sudo update-grub


How to type Sinhala, Tamil or other Asian languages in Ubuntu?

Ubuntu already comes with a brilliant language input tool called iBus

1) Open Terminal and run:

  sudo apt-get install ibus-m17n

This will install, keyboard layout schemes for Asian languages.

2) Now you need to logout from the system & login back.  (Or simply restart)

3) Click on the language applet at top right side of the sceen,
and choose Text Entry Settings :

4) You will get a dialog like below:

You may want to change the keyboard shortcut shown by
"Switch to next source using:" to Ctrl+Space

Then press + to add your language:

5) Choose your language/keyboard scheme from the list, and click Add:

If you are a Sinhalese, I highly recommend you to choose Sinhala Transliteration layout.

6) Now open a text editor like gedit or Libre Office Writer and hit Ctrl+Space

Now type A,B,C... and you will get corresponding phonetic letters (ex: අ,බ්,ස්) of the chosen language.
You can switch back to English when you press : Ctrl+Space once again.

Additionally, here are some popular Sinhala keyboard layouts:
- Sinhala Transliteration Layout
- Wijesekara Layout
Other schemes are avaiable at www.nongnu.org/sinhala


How to figure out which wireless driver I need?

Please open a terminal and run:

lspci -nn | grep 0280

Find the eight-digit PCI.ID for your wireless device and search this forum or ubuntuforums.org for the PCI.ID and you will find out what driver is required. If you get stuck, post it here and we'll help. Here is a sample from my machine:

Intel Corporation Centrino Advanced-N 6200 [8086:4239]

In my example above, a search for 8086:4239 suggests the driver is iwlwifi.


I've had the same question and went nuts trying to find a solution.

I downloaded pavucontrol's source code, and there is no config file fix.

Apparently this is the recommended value because that's what PA_VOLUME_UI_MAX is set to. Changing all instances of PA_VOLUME_UI_MAX for PA_VOLUME_NORM and rebuilding is the only solution I can see.

It is "by design". Honestly I'm at a loss of words because over amplification can permanently damage the speakers; that this is the recommended default doesn't speak very well about the audio engineering knowledge of the programmers. If someone wants to go overdrive, fine; but it shouldn't be the default.


I suggest a few changes that might help. First, disable power saving in Network Manager. From the terminal:

sudo sed -i 's/3/2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/*

Then restart Network manager:

sudo service network-manager restart

Next, I suggest that you set your router to disable channel hopping, that is, use a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Finally, if your router has 2.4 and also 5 gHz capabilities, I suggest giving them different names, something like zobi24 and zobi5. This will keep your router and wireless device from hopping from one band to the other.

Experiment to see which segment is more stable. I suspect it will be zobi24.

With respect to this:

  info: failed: mwifiex_is_network_compatible:  wpa_ie=0x0 wpa2_ie=0x30
  WEP=d WPA=d WPA2=d    EncMode=0x0 privacy=0x1

I recommend, again, that you check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP.

EDIT: To blacklist the internal device, please open a terminal and do:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist mwifiex_pcie"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
modprobe -r mwifiex_pcie
exit

To reverse the process, edit the blacklist file:

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Comment out the line you added by placing the symbol # at the beginning of the line like this:

#blacklist mwifiex_pcie

Save and close the text editor.

Finally, some of the USB adapters that you use actually load two conflicting drivers. Let's blacklist the least effective of the two:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist rtl8192cu"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
exit


For Gnome3 I believe the closest thing to what you want would be the applications menu extension. You can install it directly from the website.

If you like traditional DE interfaces, I think you'll like cinnamon. Its menu is the closest thing to a Windows like start menu. Here's how it looks.

To install press Ctrl + Alt + T. Inside the terminal run

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gwendal-lebihan-dev/cinnamon-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cinnamon

at login select Cinnamon instead of Unity.


Why doesn't suspend work when ThinkPad T500 laptop lid is closed when it is working from the command line or from clicking on the GUI?

Well, apparently one needs to be more careful with filenames! In my case, I have inadvertently created the wrong file: /etc/acpi/local/lid.post.sh whereas the correct filename should have been:

/etc/acpi/local/lid.sh.post

as was described correctly in the workaround. Renaming the file correctly solved the suspending problem.


That should be either a function of the window manager or the terminal emulator.  You didn't say which terminal emulator you are using, but most have menus to handle keyboard shortcuts.

For the window manager, click on the Xfce icon on your panel (has the X with the mouse), then go to Settings > Keyboard and click on the "Application Shortcuts".  You can remove the shortcut with the "- Remove" button.

If you do not see the entry listed there, then it is likely the function of the terminal emulator.  Let us know which emulator you are using and we can give more info for you.


Your code add only one database record with two fields into the database.
You have to add a "U1db.Document()" for each record.

Good luck.


Go to Contol Center -> Preferred applications and change default file manager from there.


Cannot update from version 10.10 to 11.4 because natty unavailable

Support of Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Nehwal has been closed as per its cycle expires. You should move to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS which will be supported till April 2017.

Using packages of other version may break your system with it.


How to override the screensaver settings in the MATE desktop:

There are two settings you can work with:

System Settings -> Brightness & Lock -> Turn screen off when inactive for
System Settings -> Power -> Suspend when inactive for

The first will signal the display to turn itself off, the second will put the computer into a sleep state. I'm assuming you're referring to the first behavior.

That being said, remember that TVs don't behave the same way that monitors do. A monitor will go to sleep ("suspend") and wake up when instructed to, but most TVs don't implement suspend mode: they will display a "No Signal" message for a few minutes and then turn off.

You'll need a computer monitor if you want display suspend functionality.


What are the easy ways to install Ubuntu remotely?

This is very simple to do, I do it all the time. First you need to boot into some kind of environment.

Boot the system "somehow." Here is a older document on bootp. You could also use a live CD and choose "try Ubuntu" to get a running Linux. I recomend the Alternate install cd for this.
Next setup your disks with fdisk or whatever you like (again your on ssh when you do this).
Get debbootstrap sudo apt-get install debootstrap && sudo apt-get install build-essential
Bootstrap the box debootstrap --arch i386 percise /mnt/new_disk http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
Get into the system and make it actually work chroot /mnt/new_disk /bin/bash
Next make your interfaces, fstab, etc.
Install a Kernel
Fix sudoers
Reboot and pray. (Don't forget to make the partition bootable)

With a little work you can make a script to do all this for you, and have a rapid deployment setup that is really quite handy. Here is a guide that should help get you going.


It seems my downloads are stuck at a certain percentage and never seem to complete in Firefox

After checking my internet using the simple ping google.com command on my terminal, I learnt that I was experiencing about 3% data packet loss. I would suggest using the Firefox plugin 'Downthemall' or equivalent for Chrome. This way you can pause and restart your downloads when they stop receiving packets.

Thanks to all the help on the comments!


Does using terminal-based text browsers provide significant improvements in browsing speed?

Yes, of course using a text browser will increase your browsing speed. It makes sense because text browsers don't have image, flash and other graphics objects so they don't load on them.

What is the best way to access web-page?

It depends on the situation. In normal scenario, Using a traditional graphical browser is best. But if you have very low speed Internet connection or a limit on monthly usage, you may want to cut your usage and hence may want to use text browser.
Benefits and Limitations
The benefits are high speed browsing, less data usage.
The Limitations are you can't see the image, sometimes it is essential such as for capcha, can't play video and miss usability or productivity a bit. Also you will lack using mouse which is sometimes very inconvenient for inexperience users


TL;DR: Running sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales and picking a UTF-8 locale usually fixes this.

As Joe Hart said in reply to strange "?" characters all over the screen in aptitude, mc and other ncurses programs (by Deboo ^) on the debian-user mailing list:

  Usually this is a case of a character that is not defined in your
  current language settings (locale).  You can usually fix this by
  chosing a UTF8 locale.  dpkg-reconfigure locales should be able to fix
  your problem.

Specifically, the characters ncurses uses to draw borders aren't able to be displayed. Perhaps a non-UTF-8 locale got selected or your locales (or locale configuration) is broken. Ensuring you have a UTF-8 locale installed and selected as the default, and rebuilding your locales, stands a good chance of solving the problem.

Run:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

Make sure at least one locale (of an appropriate language and region) that is marked as UTF-8 is selected on the first screen. You will have to scroll down (arrow keys). Spacebar selects or unselects an item, Tab switches between the list and the "buttons" below it, and Enter does roughly what you'd expect (it performs the default action for whatever is selected).

I've selected en_US.UTF8, but any UTF-8 locale should work. The first two letters, before the underscore (_), represent the language, and the letters right after the underscore represent the country.

Probably it will not look quite like that to you. Like mc, dpkg-reconfigure may display * characters instead of the characters it uses to draw the border. But this is purely cosmetic -- you should still be able to select and configure locales through this utility.

After you've pressed Tab and Enter to "click" the Ok button, you'll have to select the default locale. Make sure this is a UTF-8 locale (and that it's of the language and country you want). Move up and down with the arrow keys and press Enter when you get to the one you want. This will be set as your system's default locale, and all enabled locales will be (re)generated.

In new logins, the problem should be fixed.

If not, then please run locale -a and, separately, locale, and edit your question to add the output of each. Other users with a similar problem who find this post when searching for help should of course not edit this question, but should instead ask a new question with a detailed description of their problem as well as a link to this one for context.


Is it possible to dynamically change the task manager icons?

What you are trying to do may be possible to do with a firefox extension (try mozilla addons), but I don't believe this is possible without some complex changes to firefox or a very complex script, as the favicons are saved in your cache and it would be some what difficult to get firefox to dynamically change its icon constantly as you browse.

Maybe you could use prism if there is some specific website that you want to see in the taskbar with an icon.


Why during install ubuntu can't make a smaller encrypted partition rather than Full Disk Encryption?

I am not aware of a way to do it during the installation process; but, if you are trying to install Ubuntu 18.04, you can encrypt the entire disk and AFTERWARDS use GParted to resize the encrypted partition to the 100 GB you need.

Bionic Beaver comes with GParted 0.30 which can resize LUKS partitions just fine. Support was added in GParted 0.28

https://news.softpedia.com/news/gparted-0-28-0-adds-partial-read-write-support-for-luks-encrypted-filesystems-512943.shtml

GParted has a very nice GUI to handle partitions, and is included in the live-CD. You can use Disks to check the status of your partition before resizing

LUKS partition unlocked

Ext4 partition not mounted

No key in front of the encrypted partition

Encrypted partition resized


The error indicates that Ubuntu does not provide a package named "linux-image-amd64".

I surmise this is due to the fact that the guide from where you picked the shell commands has been written for a Debian installation. Indeed, if you search on debian.org for this package, you'll get a positive result. This is not the case if you enter this package name on http://packages.ubuntu.com/

The last command should be

sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic:amd64

or (if you really care about latency)

sudo apt-get install linux-image-lowlatency:amd64

Please note that the 32-bit kernel will be removed. Also, some 64-bit userspace libraries will be installed. To see what apt-get will do to your system without actually touching your system, run apt-get with these options

sudo apt-get -Vs install linux-image-generic:amd64

If you want to retain your 32-bit kernel as a fallback, install a different kernel image, e.g. for your 14.04 (codename: trusty) try:

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-trusty:amd64

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-utopic:amd64


byobu-tmux shows all white split borders, no indication of active split

You could repeatedly hit Ctrl+F6 to kill the active split until all squares are closed.


I've found a solution, just needed to add these lines to my .qml file

WebView {

    ...

    context: WebContext {
        devtoolsEnabled: true
        devtoolsPort: 9232
    }

    ...

}

From here:
Enabling the devtools inspector when using Oxide in an Ubuntu SDK QML app


Ubuntu Server 16.04 installs on /sdc but fails to boot

I noticed the same behavior with 16.04 net install.

If your issue is the same as mine, it actually booted fine it's just showing you tty7.

Try hitting ctrl+alt+F1 that should take you to the terminal with a login prompt.


From the comments...

The problem was that the desired wireless network was using channel 13, and their wireless card would only go to channel 12. Switched the router to channel 1, and everything is working now.

I had noticed that the /etc/resolv.conf symlink was pointing to the wrong place.

[777 root '/etc/resolv.conf' -> '../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf']

We'll reset it...

In terminal...

sudo rm -i /etc/resolv.conf # delete old symlink

sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf # recreate the symlink


How do I setup a keyboard mapping compatible with a Chromebook?

Common Solution

The best way to do this is with xmodmap
Use xev to find which keycode, and xmodmap to find which modifier, then add this to ~/.Xmodmap and add the line sleep 4 && xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap & to your .bash_profile to make sure it is ran on startup.

Add this to your ~/.Xmodmap

clear mod4

!Make right alt to look like Super_R
!I'm assuming your search key has keycode 225, you can check using xev
keycode 225 = Super_R NoSymbol Super_R

!Add the Super_L and Super_R keys to the modifier mod4
add mod4 = Super_L Super_R

Alternate Solution

sudo apt-get install xbindkeys-config xbindkeys xdotool
xbindkeys-config

Add this command to your xbindkeys-config when the search button is pressed:

xdotool key Super

When done, `~/.xbindkeyssrc should look something like this:

"xdotool key Super"
    XF86Search

I don't know why you have to logout/log back in after doing this, but you do...

A bunch of other keys you can add are here:
http://www.reddit.com/r/chrubuntu/comments/1crefd/how_to_get_shortcut_keys_to_work_on_chrubuntu/

And here:
http://www.reddit.com/r/chrubuntu/comments/1rsxkd/list_of_fixes_for_xubuntu_1310_on_the_acer_c720/ce2ej5y

This may not work for many of the Window Handling commands (such as snap the window left, or view an overview of all your open windows (Super+W))

To set those, you'll need to go to Compiz Config Manager (ccsm) and change the Bindings there. Look in Grid and in Scale and in Expo


no graphical login prompt and VM lockup after ubuntu upgrade 18.04 to 20.04

I ran 'dmesg -w' in an ssh session while I tried 'sudo telinit 5' in the VM display, and saw the following message before the machine became unresponsive:
[  219.138358] [drm] Error -12 pinning new fb, out of video mem?
Bumping up the video memory to 32Mb seems to handle the issue (despite the fact that vbox says that's not a valid setting.)


Can I use apt-get or aptitude to install software to non standard location?

Most programs are looking for files they need (like config files, GUI ressources, ...) on a few hardcoded places and will refuse to works if those files aren't there. To change this places you usually need to recompile the programs (but sometimes you can use command line options or environment variables instead).

dpkg and apt offer a way to change the install location (as far as I remember it's --root= with dpkg and Dir::Root in the apt config - but check the docs if you really need it).  This is so you can mount another systems's root dir on your system and install packages on it (like if you have diskless systems mounting their root via NFS from a server).


No picture on bing.com web page in chrome after 19.10 update

I could've sworn I tried clearing cache before, but per comments from a couple helpful members, I tried clearing things again.  This fixed my issue.  I used "Advanced" and cleared everything but "passwords and other sign in data" and "all time" setting.


Unable to to view power statistics box in ubuntu 12.04

This sounds like launchpad bug #951827, which has had a patch for the last 3 months but doesn't seem to have made it into an update yet.  As noted in comment #2, when it gets in this state you can workaround the problem by killing gnome-power-statistics from the command line:

kill `pidof gnome-power-statistics`


Ubuntu 17.10 won't connect to mobile hotspot

You should plug your device to an Internet cable and run terminal and run this very simple command :

sudo apt-get update

then after completing that process, you'll find out Broadcom wireless driver in the "Additional Drivers" tab of the "Software & Updates" app.
install it and you'll be able to connect to any wireless connection you want.
I had a problem like yours and fixed it with this simple way, hope it works for you too!


How do I get Unity to launch "Log File Viewer" as root?

Backup and modify /usr/share/applications/gnome-system-log.desktop; change line:

Exec=gnome-system-log

to:

Exec=gksu --description /usr/share/applications/gnome-system-log.desktop /usr/bin/gnome-system-log

Downside is that it will now always ask for a password.


Unable to pass variable value to curl command in preseed file

You have the $IP variable between single quotes (').

That prevents shell expansion. For example:

echo '$IP'
addr:192.168.1.1

while

echo '$IP'
$IP

Pass the payload string without quotes:

d-i preseed/late_command string \
in-target IP=$(ifconfig eno1 | grep "inet\b" | awk '{print $2}'); \
in-target curl -X post --data-urlencode playload={"text": "IP address is $IP"}


Broken packages after updating source list to use Xenial instead of Artful

Install new a supported release Ubuntu 19.10 after you have backed up your data. That is my opinion


How do I get the restricted drivers update on xubuntu, does not show-up in update manager?

The application that you have mentioned is called jockey and is usually accessed via its gtk GUI just run jockey-gtk

http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise/jockey-gtk


As only the sudo command is not working because of a badly configured /etc/sudoers file, you can use pkexec as temporary replacement:

pkexec su -

pkexec will prompt a GUI password dialog every time you run it, it seems not to work in a TTY or when booting to text mode as it needs a dbus component.

You definitely need to fix your /etc/sudoers file, becoming lazy and just using pkexec from now on is not the way to go. That's not what it's made for.


How to install using btrfs in RAID10 mode?

OK, part of my problem was that I wanted to install Ubuntu Server.
I have finally succeeded. To install Ubuntu Server on btrfs RAID10, use the following steps:

Run the livecd of Ubuntu Desktop
Use gparted to create btrfs partitions on all the disks you want to use in the btrfs RAID10 setup, be sure to leave 1 MB at the beginning of the disks for GRUB. (I leave 1 MB on all the disks, so that I could always move grub to another disk, when I replace a disk with a new/larger one.
Save the new partition table
shutdown
launch the Ubuntu server installer
at the partitioning step, break out of the installer and go to the terminal
in the terminal type the following command to create a btrfs RAID10 for data and metadata (Note use the partitions, not the disks!):

mkfs.btrfs -m raid10 -d raid10 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1

IMPORTANT: execute the following command: btrfs dev scan
go back to the partition part of the installer
select any one disk and choose to use that as btrfs and mountpoint root
proceed installer as normal

So this works fine, however, I later found out that this does not do what I had expected.
I have 16-G, 500G and 2x 750G hard disks.

I expected to be able to use 910G. However, raid is a bit different in btrfs I got 320G. What I wanted to use is raid1, because this will create 2 copies of each data block, even if you add 4 disks (unlike the normal raid1). So now, using raid1 in btrfs I do get the 910G.


My laptop boots to blank screen on Ubuntu 16.04 until I remove the battery twice

This intermittent black screen problem is bizarre. I had this for a long time and it went away after I did the following actions. Keep in mind that it can a problem in Ubuntu specific to your device, so this might not fix that. In that case you might want to revert the changes I make, instructions to do that are given in the end of answer.

Log in somehow: If you have managed to log in by  battery quirks then proceed to next step. Otherwise get a GRUB menu during boot, select the option with recovery mode (use down/up key to move selection) and press enter. This should not end in black screen. If it does, then I'm clueless.

Main actions: Once you have somehow logged into Ubuntu:

Press Ctrl+Alt+T to start a terminal.
Backup /etc/default/grub, copy it to you home folder. Run:

cp /etc/default/grub ~

Disable splash screen and enable log messages during boot:

sudo sed -i '/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT/{s/splash//;s/quiet//}' /etc/default/grub
sudo update-grub

Reboot
and boot normally (no in recovery mode)

sudo shutdown -r now

Revert to Old Settings: If the system reboots fine, then do your stuff and ignore this. If the problem continues and you want to revert to original settings. Then, login somehow, and run in terminal:

sudo cp ~/grub /etc/default/grub
sudo update-grub


Enter Recovery Mode.

You can follow the steps at Recovery Mode, but I've duplicated them here for your convenience...

Switch on your computer.
Wait until the BIOS has finished loading,
or has almost finished. (During this time you will probably see a
logo of your computer manufacturer.)
Quickly press and hold the
Shift key, which will bring up the GNU GRUB menu. (If you see the
Ubuntu logo, you've missed the point where you can enter the GRUB
menu.)
Select the line which starts with "Advanced options".
Select the line ending with "(recovery mode)", probably the second
line, something like:

Ubuntu GNU/Linux, with Linux 3.13.0-29-generic (recovery mode)

Press Return and your machine will begin the boot process.
After a few moments, your workstation should display a menu with a
number of options. One of the options (you may need to scroll down
to the bottom of the list) will be "Drop to root shell prompt".
Press Return with this option highlighted.
The root partition is mounted read-only. To mount it read/write,
enter the command

mount -o remount,rw /

If you have /home, /boot, /tmp, or any other mount point on a
separate partition, you can mount them with the command

mount --all

Move Your Files

Just to be safe, move your files to a new directory.  Make them readable by all, so you can copy them back later.

mv /home/Quethzel /home/Quethzel_Backup

chmod -R a+rX /home/Quethzel_Backup

Recreate Your User

Finally, since you say your user is no longer on your system, you should be able to create a new user using the same name as your lost user.

adduser Quethzel

Enter the requested information and new password for your new user.

Login Using Your New User

Reboot your computer.

You should see the new user (Quethzel) on the Login Screen.
Type the password you just created, and press the Enter key.
You will see a user added message on the Login Screen, but you will have to click on the ">" symbol to complete the login.

Copy Your Files Back

After loging in, copy your files back. Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T), and enter the following command.  (You will be able to copy your files because you had made them readable by all while you were in Recovery Mode).

cp -r /home/Quethzel_Backup/* ~/

Note, this will not copy your hidden folders or files, so your preferences and settings for some programs may be lost.  If you want to copy these back as well, type the following.  (Notice the "." before the asterisks in the command below).

cp -r /home/Quethzel_Backup/.* ~/

Finally, once you are sure you have copied everything to your new home folder, delete your old files.

sudo rm -rf /home/Quethzel_Backup

(By the way, you could also use Nautilus to copy your original files from /home/Quethzel_Backup to /home/Quethzel and then delete /home/Quethzel_Backup; to see hidden files in Nautilus, press Ctrl+h).


Need to see your conf file of vncserver. In this file mast be screen resolution. It mast be in /etc/vncserver/
Try to connect by vncx11.
sudo apt-get install x11vnc  (install x11vnc as aoolication)
sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/x11vnc.service  (create demon)

[Unit]
Description=Start x11vnc at startup.
After=multi-user.target
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/bin/x11vnc -auth guess -forever -loop -noxdamage -repeat -rfbauth /etc/x11vnc.pass -rfbport 5900 -shared
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

sudo x11vnc -storepasswd 111111 /etc/x11vnc.pass (this line make pass for connect 111111)

sudo systemctl daemon-reload   (make reload all demons )
sudo systemctl enable x11vnc.service (enable service)

Reboot your system and try to connect (host or ip with port 59000 (192.168.1.5:590000) )


Adobe Reader DC fails to write PDF even though real printer installed

You need to install Adobe Reader, for "DC" is a different app than the traditional Adobe Reader.   Follow these simple instructions.

In terminal

sudo apt install gdebi-core libxml2:i386 libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 gtk2-engines-murrine:i386 libatk-adaptor:i386

then download the reader deb package:

wget ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/reader/unix/9.x/9.5.5/enu/AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb

Reference


How to create NTFS partition in ubuntu 13.04

You should install Gparted and create a new NTFS partition


How do I see all of the directories shared using Nautilus Sharing Options?

You are looking for /var/lib/samba/usershares/ which contains a directory full of different user's shares.

Since one home folder can only ever be shared once, it makes sense to put them here in a central location. The directory is writeable by the sambashare group, so you need to be in that group in order to create a share.

Each share is then owned by the user that created it.


How to set a shortcut for each application in Gnome 3?

I see you have a solution, but another alternative would be to install THIS "Dash Hotkeys" extension, which is essentially what you asked for. As of testing under 3.4, it also allows you to switch to the running app, say number 6, which hasn't been added to the Dash; so you can switch to anything running as well. To install all you need to do is click the On/Off switch and accept to install on the modal dialog that will pop up.

This was only tested on 3.4.


Coping contents of folder across multiple data storages (hdd, external hdd)

Unison is the tool I've heard most widely recommended to achieve this goal.  It is available as a package in the archives, and usually performs quite well.  Install with apt-get install unison.

In addition to file/folder synchronisation on a single host, unison can be configured to synchronise files between hosts (clients are available for a wide range of operating systems), which makes it very suitable for heterogenous environments.


Can I disable title bar on Unity dual screen (second monitor)

No, I don't think you can. Unity has lots of weaknesses in multi-monitor setups. That can be considered one of them. The main focus is to make Unity work perfectly for the majority of users first, but many of us have multiple monitors, so these issues are certainly being noticed and worked on.


I was facing the same issue. While installing instead of selecting "Something else", I selected "Erase everything" and that worked for me.


Network manager doesn't remember login (username) - 2019

I found a workaround that at least works for me (Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS, GNOME 3.36.8) here (based on
this):
nmcli con mod VPNNAME vpn.secrets 'form:main:username=USERNAME','save_passwords=yes'

Replace VPNNAME and USERNAME accordingly. Maybe you also need to add 'form:main:group_list=GROUPNAME'


Ctrl+Shift working but not Shift+Ctrl in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

You might have Locate Pointer setting turned on in Universal Access under Pointing & Clicking section. Turn it off to see if it works.

I had the same issue and was confused for some time. Searching online and found your question. Only until then I realized what may have caused it. There must be a bug in that Locate Pointer functionality which hijacked the Ctrl key event in some way.


AppIndicators currently do not support this kind of complexity. They might support complex widgets in the future, but for now you can only use simple textual items.

How do I add a slider to an AppIndicator?


Connection 3G in Aquaris E5 Ubuntu Edition

Lusacell might be using WCDMA technology for the data network and I did not find a WCDMA setting in Ubuntu-touch. My earlier Samsung Galaxy Grand 2 (android) had that setting and the data network was fast. When I used the same SIM card in BQ Auaris E5, the speed dropped. However I don't have any problem with a GSM data network. It works fine in Ubuntu touch.


when you have the options to "install ubuntu" and "try ubuntu" select the option you want and hit e. now with the arrow keys navigate to the part where it seays quiet splash and change it quiet splash to nomodeset press ctrl+x to boot. you might have to do the same when you have installed ubuntu.


awk store a pattern result to a shell array variable

You can not write to Bash variables from inside awk.

What you should do instead is to make awk print out everything you want to store in the array, one item per line, and then use the Bash built-in mapfile to read it into an array:

mapfile -t array1 < <( awk -F 'string1_to_search' '{print $2}' "$READ_FILE" )

After that, your array is in $array1. You also don't need to declare it beforehand, mapfile does that for you.

More information about mapfile can be found by typing help mapfile.

Side note:
I used redirected process substitution mapfile ... < <( awk ... ) here instead of a pipe awk ... | mapfile ..., because you can not use mapfile as part of a pipeline. This is because pipelines are executed in subshells, which do not propagate their changed variables back to the parent shell, i.e. the value of myarray would be lost.


If you can only see the small box with a password field, you should click "Switch user". This will give you the fancy login screen with the nice graphics. This one has some buttons in the top right, which should allow you to switch keyboard layout, as well as activate the on screen keyboard.


Is it safe to rollback Wubi without fresh Wubi install?

Yes, it's safe as long as they're the same release (which they are in this case) and you installed to the same partition (C:).

When you boot your computer it will still offer a choice between Windows and Xubuntu but it will boot whatever is on the root.disk. If you wanted to change the boot entry back to Ubuntu you'd have to use bcdedit or easyBCD (for Windows 8/7/Vista) or edit the boot.ini (Windows XP).

Wubi boots via grub4dos (wubildr.mbr) and a version of grub2 in wubildr. What they do is locate the first /ubuntu/disks/root.disk it finds on any partition, and then load the Grub menu (grub.cfg) from within that root.disk. So it doesn't matter what is on that root.disk (or even what partition, provided in the grub.cfg it has the correct partition UUID). So if you installed on C: it has to be on C: or you have to manually edit the Grub menu entry before booting.

The only issue is that the modules built into wubildr must be compatible with the grub.cfg so changing releases can lead to incompatibilities. In these cases you can sometimes manually boot from a grub prompt, but it's best to stick to the same one to avoid issues.


Greek Letters rendered incorrectly in LibreOffice

Thanks to everybody that helped me, but I figured out how to solve my problem. I installed the LibreOffice via the deb in its page after completely remove my OO. When I did that i removed too the package "ttf-opensymbol".

When I installed the LibreOffice PPA this package was installed automatically. But I will communicate them about this issue (they should include this dependence in their "how to install" pages).


How to change the font size of just the prompt in bash?

Unfortunately that's something not possible to achieve. The prompt and output text are technically same object. The text isn't located in separate buttons/window object to set different font for each.

As alternative, consider doing the following:

use control sequences to make it highlight or appear bold.
use all-caps prompt.
spread the prompt into several lines


Please remove the incorrect driver:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

With a temporary working internet connection, install the required firmware:

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot.


First, it's generally a good idea to determine your system's current boot mode, as described here. Knowing the boot mode will enable you to make more informed decisions when it comes to both installation and recovery. In particular, it's entirely possible that your problem derives from mismatched boot modes -- you might have installed Windows in EFI mode and Linux in BIOS mode, which can create the type of problem you've described.

That said, a general-purpose solution to your type of problem is to run the Ubuntu Boot Repair tool. There's a good chance that this will work, but if Windows is booting in EFI mode, you should be sure to boot your Linux live CD in EFI mode to run Boot Repair. If Boot Repair fails, post back with the URL that the tool provides. This will give more detailed information about your computer, which is vital for proper diagnosis of the problem.


Will "apt dist-upgrade" upgrade that kernel once the official/signed one is above 5.12?
Let's make two assumptions:

Your kernel metapackage (linux-image-generic) is still installed
Your 5.12 kernel, if provided by a deb package, does not match the normal Ubuntu kernel naming schema.

If these assumptions are true, then your 5.12 kernel is independent of any Ubuntu kernel metapackage. Apt will continue to download new (lower-version) kernels as directed by the kernel metapackage, and those will exist side-by-side with your 5.12 kernel.
Eventually, the kernel version on the Ubuntu-provided path will pass 5.12. Your existing 5.12 won't be replaced by Ubuntu-provided packages because the names don't match. You will have two 5.12 kernels side-by-side.
When the Ubuntu-provided kernel bumps again to (let's say, 5.14 for example), the Ubuntu-provided 5.12 will be automatically removed. Your manually-provided 5.12 must be manually removed.

If the kernel metapackage assumption is false, then the answer is simple: You won't get any more Ubuntu-provided kernels.
If the naming schema assumption is false, then you will get apt errors when the real Ubuntu 5.12 kernel package does not match your 5.12 kernel package.


Cannot start virtualbox VM's: Kernel driver is not installed

Install all kernel package include kernel-header, with a newest kernel (3.11.0-13 (binary) with synaptic. Then reboot . The system will start with new kernel and ... work. (my problem is using vmware)

If you have a problem with 3.5.0-42 you can start with old one.


GNU GRUB version 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1 WHAT IS HAPPENING

Nothing wrong has happened, everything is completely fine, that's just the GRUB menu. Either you press enter now or just wait for 10 secs to boot to your OS.

For better understanding from GNU:

  GNU GRUB is a Multiboot boot loader. It was derived from GRUB, the
  GRand Unified Bootloader, which was originally designed and
  implemented by Erich Stefan Boleyn.

  Briefly, a boot loader is the first software program that runs when a
  computer starts. It is responsible for loading and transferring
  control to the operating system kernel software (such as the Hurd or
  Linux). The kernel, in turn, initializes the rest of the operating
  system (e.g. GNU).