Thunderbird resets profile after second start up

Alright, I apparently 'fixed' my issue, and it is apparently (?) a problem with compatibility between Ubuntu versions.
OR
An issue with logical partitions.

I have repeated my steps as described above again, this time I used ubuntu 14.10 instead though (as I remember having that version installed before 14.04LTS):

completely formatted the drive using gparted
(this time, I put the mail partition in a primary partition, instead of a logical one.)
Installed Ubuntu 14.10
Chown'ed the partitions to belong to me instead of root.
Started TB, quit it, renamed the folder on my mail partition to be the same as the one in my Home folder (just as described in the tutorial on how to move your TB profile)
Started TB with the profile manager enabled and created a new profile pointing to my mail partition's email folder

Unfortunately I didn't realize that I may have altered two variables, instead of one, so the answer to this question may be one of the two:

Thunderbird Profiles cannot be moved from a newer Ubuntu Version to an older one (or in the very least not from 14.10 to 14.04 LTS)
Thunderbird doesn't like its mail profiles on logical partitions.

Either of them seem unlikely to me, however I am a novice in all matters Linux/ubuntu, so an answer from an experienced user may give more insight.

Eitherway, my profile now starts regularly and completely everytime now, after making the above changes.


We have the same issue, even when the module is compiled from source.

To give some more debugging information, I started apache like this:

source /etc/apache2/envvars; strace /usr/sbin/apache2 -X -e info -f /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

The important part happens when apache gets the first request:

    clone(child_stack=0x7f0d483d8f70, flags=CLONE_VM|CLONE_FS|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SIGHAND|CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_SYSVSEM|CLONE_SETTLS|CLONE_PARENT_SETTID|CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID, parent_tidptr=0x7f0d483d99d0, tls=0x7f0d483d9700, child_tidptr=0x7f0d483d99d0) = 8681
    rt_sigtimedwait(~[ILL TRAP ABRT BUS FPE KILL SEGV USR2 PIPE CONT STOP SYS RTMIN RT_1], NULL, NULL, 8

<< WAITING FOR HTTP REQUEST >>

    ) = -1 EINTR (Interrupted system call)
    --- SIGRT_1 {si_signo=SIGRT_1, si_code=SI_TKILL, si_pid=8679, si_uid=33} ---
    setgroups(1, [33])                      = -1 EPERM (Operation not permitted)
    futex(0x7f0d4ebf1d9c, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1) = 0
    futex(0x7f0d47bd7c10, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...>
    +++ killed by SIGABRT (core dumped) +++
    Aborted (core dumped)

During the setgroups we now get "Operation not permitted".

This seems to happen if you use mpm_worker or mpm_event, with mpm_prefork it works fine.
Based on how these mpm's work it might be logical, except that we have been using mod_ruid2 in combination with mpm_worker on most of our shared hosting servers for years without any problem (12.04 and 14.04).


Replace All Colons From Filenames With Terminal

If all your files are in a single directory, try:

rename 's|:|-|g' *

(where * can be changed to something more restrictive if you'd like)

If you have many files in a directory tree, try this from the base of the tree:

find . -name "*:*" -exec rename 's|:|-|g' {} \;

You can add the option -n right after rename to have it tell you what it WOULD do without ACTUALLY doing it.  This might help you avoid accidentally stepping on other files or something else bad...


It tries to open liblibX11.so file and it doesn't exist.

A tempo crapy bug fix : you can symlink the libX11.so to liblibX11.so (find it with the locate tool or anything supplied with this "fordum[b|p]" distrib.

A better way : get the sources and change the filename


Recursively move files within sub directories

The first thing that comes to my mind is the following Bash loop:

#!/bin/bash
for dir in */     # or use: subdirectory*/
do
    cd "$dir"
    mv *jpg JPG/
    mv *tif TIF/
    cd ..
done

Example of usage as inline command:

$ mkdir -p subdirectory-{A,B}/{TIF,JPG}; touch subdirectory-{A,B}/{1,2}.{jpg,tif}

$ for dir in */; do cd "$dir"; mv *jpg JPG/; mv *tif TIF/; cd ..; done

$ tree
.
├── subdirectory-A
│   ├── JPG
│   │   ├── 1.jpg
│   │   └── 2.jpg
│   └── TIF
│       ├── 1.tif
│       └── 2.tif
└── subdirectory-B
    ├── JPG
    │   ├── 1.jpg
    │   └── 2.jpg
    └── TIF
        ├── 1.tif
        └── 2.tif

6 directories, 8 files

Related questions:

Move files from subfolders
Recursive bash script to collect information about each file in a directory structure


Problems with fglrx driver on AMD Radeon 8000M series on Trusty

Try this, as mentioned in this question:sudo ln -s /usr/lib/fglrx/bin/aticonfig /usr/bin/aticonfig
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/fglrx/etc/ati/ /etc/atiYou may just  miss these symbolic links.


kill -0 <pid> just gives a return value 0 if the process exists, and 1 if it doesn't.


Getting Wireless to Work, Dell Inspiron E1505 (bcm4311)

On a clean install, connect an ethernet cable, open a terminal window, and run

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer b43-fwcutter

Then run echo b43 | sudo tee -a /etc/modules to make sure the module is autoloaded. Reboot, and if all goes well, the wireless should work.


It appears you are missing a symbolic link compared to my old installation:

$ ll /mnt/old/usr/share/plymouth/themes/
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Feb 28  2018 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb 28  2018 ../
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   39 Feb 28  2018 default.grub -> /etc/alternatives/default.plymouth.grub
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   34 Feb 28  2018 default.plymouth -> /etc/alternatives/default.plymouth
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 28  2018 details/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 22  2017 earth-sunrise/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 28  2018 text/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   31 Feb 28  2018 text.plymouth -> /etc/alternatives/text.plymouth
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 28  2018 tribar/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 28  2018 ubuntu-logo/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 28  2018 ubuntu-text/

I've use the Earth Sunrise plymouth theme in the past but it goes by too fast on an NVMe SSD nowdays. Below are the installation instructions from: Newly Added Plymouth Theme Not Showing Up During Boot

Change path names from <16.04 to 16.04 format

The file /usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth had old paths from Ubuntu 14.04 and had to changed to reflect Ubuntu 16.04.

Make sure yours contains path names like this:

[Plymouth Theme]
Name=Earth Sunrise
Description=This theme is a modification of Andre "Osku" Schmidt's Space sunrise plymouth theme
ModuleName=script

[script]
ImageDir=/usr/share/plymouth/themes/earth-sunrise
ScriptFile=/usr/share/plymouth/themes/earth-sunrise/earth-sunrise.script

Frame Buffer in initramfs-tools

Edit the file /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/splash and add this line:

FRAMEBUFFER=y

Smooth transition to GDM

To enable smooth transition you have to disable your display manager unit, e.g.

systemctl disable gdm.service

Enable the respective DM-plymouth Unit (GDM, LXDM, SLiM units provided), e.g.

systemctl enable gdm-plymouth.service

Turn on debug

Edit the file /etc/default/grub and search for LINUX_DEFAULT line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash vt.handoff=7 kaslr"

and change it to this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="plymouth:debug splash vt.handoff=7 kaslr"

Note plymouth:debug is the important thing. Also splash is always required to invoke plymouth.

After rebooting look into the file /var/log/plymouth-debug.log and it should look something like this:

[main.c:1865]                                 check_logging:checking if console messages should be redirected and logged
[main.c:1874]                                 check_logging:logging will be enabled!
[main.c:1946]                        initialize_environment:source built on May 10 2016
[main.c:1957]                        initialize_environment:Making sure /run/plymouth exists
[ply-utils.c:703]                          ply_create_directory:directory '/run/plymouth' already exists
[main.c:1961]                        initialize_environment:initialized minimal work environment
[main.c:716]                       get_cache_file_for_mode:returning cache file '/var/lib/plymouth//boot-duration'
[main.c:321]                                 load_settings:Trying to load /etc/plymouth//plymouthd.conf
[ply-key-file.c:83]                        ply_key_file_open_file:Failed to open key file /etc/plymouth//plymouthd.conf: No such file or directory
[main.c:449]                    find_system_default_splash:failed to load /etc/plymouth//plymouthd.conf
[main.c:321]                                 load_settings:Trying to load /usr/share/plymouth//plymouthd.defaults
[ply-key-file.c:83]                        ply_key_file_open_file:Failed to open key file /usr/share/plymouth//plymouthd.defaults: No such file or directory
[main.c:463]              find_distribution_default_splash:failed to load /usr/share/plymouth//plymouthd.defaults
[main.c:873]           plymouth_should_show_default_splash:checking if plymouth should show default splash
[main.c:901]           plymouth_should_show_default_splash:using default splash because kernel command line has option "splash"
[ply-device-manager.c:668]                   create_seats_from_terminals:checking for consoles
[ply-device-manager.c:555]                        add_consoles_from_file:opening /sys/class/tty/console/active
[ply-device-manager.c:563]                        add_consoles_from_file:reading file
[ply-device-manager.c:601]                        add_consoles_from_file:console /dev/pts/17 found!
[ply-device-manager.c:793]                ply_device_manager_watch_seats:udev support disabled, creating fallback seat
[ply-device-manager.c:635]    create_seat_for_terminal_and_renderer_type:creating seat for /dev/pts/17 (renderer type: 0) (terminal: /dev/pts/17)
[ply-renderer.c:230]                      ply_renderer_open_plugin:trying to open renderer plugin /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/plymouth/renderers/x11.so
[ply-renderer.c:250]                      ply_renderer_open_plugin:opened renderer plugin /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/plymouth/renderers/x11.so
[ply-seat.c:80]                            add_pixel_displays:Adding displays for 1 heads
[ply-terminal.c:600]                             ply_terminal_open:trying to open terminal '/dev/pts/17'
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 80x24 text cells
[ply-seat.c:113]                             add_text_displays:adding text display for terminal /dev/pts/17
[main.c:1034]                                 on_seat_added:listening for keystrokes
[main.c:1038]                                 on_seat_added:listening for escape
[main.c:1042]                                 on_seat_added:listening for backspace
[main.c:1046]                                 on_seat_added:listening for enter
[main.c:2243]                                          main:entering event loop
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 81x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 82x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 85x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 89x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 92x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 97x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 101x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 104x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 108x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 111x24 text cells
[ply-terminal.c:395]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:looking up terminal text geometry
[ply-terminal.c:409]                 ply_terminal_look_up_geometry:terminal is now 112x24 text cells
[ply-boot-server.c:388]             print_connection_process_identity:connection is from pid 8073 (plymouth --ping) with parent pid 7812 (sudo plymouth --ping)
[ply-event-loop.c:1060]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1064]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:done calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1144]   ply_event_loop_free_destinations_for_source:freeing destination (1, 0x406490, 0x406350) of fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:643]             ply_event_loop_remove_source_node:failed to delete fd 12 from epoll watch list: Bad file descriptor
[ply-boot-server.c:388]             print_connection_process_identity:connection is from pid 10838 (plymouth show-splash) with parent pid 10837 (sudo plymouth show-splash)
[ply-boot-server.c:484]                ply_boot_connection_on_request:got show splash request
[main.c:843]      plymouth_should_ignore_show_splash_calls:checking if plymouth should be running
[main.c:942]                                on_show_splash:at least one seat already open, so loading splash
[main.c:873]           plymouth_should_show_default_splash:checking if plymouth should show default splash
[main.c:901]           plymouth_should_show_default_splash:using default splash because kernel command line has option "splash"
[main.c:476]                           show_default_splash:Showing splash screen
[main.c:495]                           show_default_splash:Trying old scheme for default splash
[main.c:1610]                                    load_theme:Loading boot splash theme '/usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth'
[ply-key-file.c:171]                       ply_key_file_load_group:trying to load group Plymouth Theme
[ply-key-file.c:171]                       ply_key_file_load_group:trying to load group script
[ply-key-file.c:259]                      ply_key_file_load_groups:key file has no more groups
[main.c:1625]                                    load_theme:attaching plugin to event loop
[main.c:1628]                                    load_theme:attaching progress to plugin
[ply-boot-splash.c:178]                                attach_to_seat:adding pixel displays
[ply-boot-splash.c:191]                                attach_to_seat:Adding 1920x1080 pixel display
[ply-device-manager.c:841]         ply_device_manager_activate_renderers:activating renderers
[ply-boot-splash.c:491]                          ply_boot_splash_show:showing splash screen
[./plugin.c:424]                            show_splash_screen:starting boot animation
[./plugin.c:302]                               start_animation:parsing script file
[./plugin.c:280]                        start_script_animation:executing script file
[ply-device-manager.c:881]         ply_device_manager_activate_keyboards:activating keyboards
[main.c:294]                                 show_messages:not displaying messages, since no boot splash
[ply-event-loop.c:1060]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1064]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:done calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1144]   ply_event_loop_free_destinations_for_source:freeing destination (1, 0x406490, 0x406350) of fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:643]             ply_event_loop_remove_source_node:failed to delete fd 12 from epoll watch list: Bad file descriptor
[ply-boot-server.c:388]             print_connection_process_identity:connection is from pid 13320 (plymouth message --text=hello world) with parent pid 13319 (sudo plymouth message --text=hello world)
[ply-boot-server.c:637]                ply_boot_connection_on_request:got show message request
[main.c:595]                            on_display_message:displaying message hello world
[ply-event-loop.c:1060]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1064]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:done calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1144]   ply_event_loop_free_destinations_for_source:freeing destination (1, 0x406490, 0x406350) of fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:643]             ply_event_loop_remove_source_node:failed to delete fd 12 from epoll watch list: Bad file descriptor
[ply-boot-server.c:388]             print_connection_process_identity:connection is from pid 16361 (plymouth show-splash) with parent pid 16360 (sudo plymouth show-splash)
[ply-boot-server.c:484]                ply_boot_connection_on_request:got show splash request
[main.c:920]                                on_show_splash:show splash called while already shown
[ply-event-loop.c:1060]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1064]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:done calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1144]   ply_event_loop_free_destinations_for_source:freeing destination (1, 0x406490, 0x406350) of fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:643]             ply_event_loop_remove_source_node:failed to delete fd 12 from epoll watch list: Bad file descriptor
[ply-boot-server.c:388]             print_connection_process_identity:connection is from pid 17411 (plymouth pause-progress) with parent pid 17410 (sudo plymouth pause-progress)
[ply-boot-server.c:672]                ply_boot_connection_on_request:got progress pause request
[main.c:665]                             on_progress_pause:pausing progress
[ply-event-loop.c:1060]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1064]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:done calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1144]   ply_event_loop_free_destinations_for_source:freeing destination (1, 0x406490, 0x406350) of fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:643]             ply_event_loop_remove_source_node:failed to delete fd 12 from epoll watch list: Bad file descriptor
[ply-boot-server.c:388]             print_connection_process_identity:connection is from pid 21148 (plymouth show-splash) with parent pid 20299 (sudo plymouth show-splash)
[ply-boot-server.c:484]                ply_boot_connection_on_request:got show splash request
[main.c:920]                                on_show_splash:show splash called while already shown
[ply-event-loop.c:1060]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1064]   ply_event_loop_handle_disconnect_for_source:done calling disconnected_handler 0x406350 for fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:1144]   ply_event_loop_free_destinations_for_source:freeing destination (1, 0x406490, 0x406350) of fd 12
[ply-event-loop.c:643]             ply_event_loop_remove_source_node:failed to delete fd 12 from epoll watch list: Bad file descriptor
[ply-boot-server.c:388]             print_connection_process_identity:connection is from pid 29215 (plymouth --quit) with parent pid 29214 (sudo plymouth --quit)
[ply-boot-server.c:519]                ply_boot_connection_on_request:got quit request
[main.c:1290]                                       on_quit:quitting (retain splash: false)
[main.c:1307]                                       on_quit:system not initialized so skipping saving boot-duration file
[main.c:1566]         tell_systemd_to_stop_printing_details:telling systemd to stop printing details
[main.c:1316]                                       on_quit:closing log
[ply-device-manager.c:901]       ply_device_manager_deactivate_keyboards:deactivating keyboards
[ply-seat.c:185]                  ply_seat_deactivate_keyboard:deactivating keyboard
[main.c:1322]                                       on_quit:unloading splash
[ply-boot-splash.c:689]                   ply_boot_splash_become_idle:telling splash to become idle
[ply-boot-splash.c:668]                                       on_idle:splash now idle
[main.c:1202]                           on_boot_splash_idle:boot splash idle
[main.c:1209]                           on_boot_splash_idle:hiding splash
[ply-device-manager.c:861]       ply_device_manager_deactivate_renderers:deactivating renderers
[ply-seat.c:200]                  ply_seat_deactivate_renderer:deactivating renderer
[ply-event-loop.c:951]      ply_event_loop_stop_watching_for_timeout:multiple matching timeouts found for removal
[main.c:1214]                           on_boot_splash_idle:quitting splash
[main.c:1070]                                   quit_splash:quiting splash
[main.c:1072]                                   quit_splash:freeing splash
[ply-boot-splash.c:406]                          ply_boot_splash_free:freeing splash
[ply-event-loop.c:965]      ply_event_loop_stop_watching_for_timeout:no matching timeout found for removal
[ply-boot-splash.c:385]                             detach_from_seats:detaching from seats
[ply-boot-splash.c:110]                              detach_from_seat:removing keyboard
[ply-boot-splash.c:116]                              detach_from_seat:removing pixel displays
[ply-boot-splash.c:131]                              detach_from_seat:Removing 1920x1080 pixel display
[ply-boot-splash.c:139]                              detach_from_seat:removing text displays
[ply-boot-splash.c:153]                              detach_from_seat:Removing 112x24 text display
[ply-device-manager.c:901]       ply_device_manager_deactivate_keyboards:deactivating keyboards
[main.c:1081]                                   quit_splash:Not retaining splash, so deallocating VT
[ply-terminal.c:919]                    ply_terminal_deactivate_vt:terminal is not for a VT
[ply-terminal.c:669]                            ply_terminal_close:restoring color palette
[ply-terminal.c:673]                            ply_terminal_close:stop watching tty fd
[ply-event-loop.c:759]               ply_event_loop_stop_watching_fd:stopping watching fd 11
[ply-event-loop.c:775]               ply_event_loop_stop_watching_fd:removing destination for fd 11
[ply-event-loop.c:784]               ply_event_loop_stop_watching_fd:no more destinations remaing for fd 11, removing source
[ply-terminal.c:679]                            ply_terminal_close:stop watching SIGWINCH signal
[ply-terminal.c:683]                            ply_terminal_close:setting buffered input
[main.c:1216]                           on_boot_splash_idle:quitting program
[main.c:1144]                                  quit_program:cleaning up devices
[ply-device-manager.c:521]                       ply_device_manager_free:freeing device manager
[ply-device-manager.c:422]                                    free_seats:removing seats
[main.c:957]                               on_seat_removed:no longer listening for keystrokes
[main.c:961]                               on_seat_removed:no longer listening for escape
[main.c:965]                               on_seat_removed:no longer listening for backspace
[main.c:969]                               on_seat_removed:no longer listening for enter
[ply-seat.c:307]                           free_pixel_displays:freeing 1 pixel displays
[ply-seat.c:328]                            free_text_displays:freeing 1 text displays
[main.c:1147]                                  quit_program:exiting event loop
[ply-boot-server.c:350]          ply_boot_connection_on_quit_complete:quit complete
[main.c:2245]                                          main:exited event loop
[ply-boot-splash.c:406]                          ply_boot_splash_free:freeing splash
[main.c:2255]                                          main:freeing terminal session
[main.c:2261]                                          main:exiting with code 0

Update initramfs

After making any of the above changes run:

sudo update-initramfs -u -k all


When I move mouse, mouse cursor disappears and reappears. How to fix it?

I just ran into this issue this week as well at school.  I was able to fix it by doing the following:

In VMware go to Edit/Preferences.
Under the Input menu I changed the option for Optimize mouse for games to Always, which had been previously set to Automatic.

I hope this helps.


Deactivate an Ubuntu LiveUSB, make it unbootable without reformatting

Wiping the USB stick's MBR should make it unbootable. We only want to wipe the first 446 bytes which contain the boot code, and leave the rest intact, since it contains the partition table.

The following comand will zero out the required area, by writing zeros to the first 446 bytes of the MBR.

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=446 count=1

PS: The X in /dev/sdX should be replaced with the letter from the device name.


How to install mods for Skyrim on Playonlinux?

One option would be to image your windows drive and run it as a guest os under virtual box. You won't have to buy a new copy and you'll have all your favourite mods from windows because you copied the entire drive and since you'll be running it under windows and not wine you'll have no wine debugging. I'm not sure what the game performance will be like. Maybe someone else can chime in with a better answer but if I were in your shoes I'd start testing there. Of course reviewing the respective license agreements to insure that this complies is legally necessary. There's a good although lengthy writeup on how to do this here. https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=31759#p172460

Backup, backup, backup. One mistake can lose a lifetime of data.


Install TensorFlow with Python3 on Ubuntu 16.04

The issue is that Ubuntu 16 uses Python3.5 but Tensorflow only provides a wheel for Python 3.4 (indicated by 'cp34' in "tensorflow-0.7.1-cp34-none-linux_x86_64.whl"). Luckily the Wheel is actually compatible with Python 3.5, so you don't need to compile from source.

You need to download the wheel, rename it to prevent the python 3.4 check from failing, and then install by passing the renamed file to pip.

For the current version of Tensorflow (peeps in the future, check the website for the latest version and adapt commands below if necessary) run:

wget https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.8.0-cp34-cp34m-linux_x86_64.whl
mv tensorflow-0.8.0-cp34-cp34m-linux_x86_64.whl tensorflow-0.8.0-cp35-none-linux_x86_64.whl
pip install tensorflow-0.8.0-cp35-none-linux_x86_64.whl


This should work for you.

zip -r --exclude=*backups* --exclude=*/.* /var/www/backups/site/$(date +\%Y-\%m-\%d-\%H-\%M).zip /var/www


NVRM: Xid: 70, GPU has fallen off the bus

Due to acpi BIOS incompatibilities, the Z510 needs an additional kernel commandline parameter acpi_osi="!Windows 2013" for suspend/resume to work.

See: https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/bbswitch/issues/142

The drm:wait_panel_status has been appearing since kernel 4.8 but so far I haven't notice any negative effects.


/usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: gotoblas

Maybe you have two version of libblas. You can try to select another library installed in your sistem like this:

update-alternatives --config libblas.so.3
update-alternatives --config liblapack.so.3

But if you don't have permissions you will have to change your .bashrc file and modify LD_LIBRARY_PATH and possibly PYTHONPATH environment variables.

Try:

locate libbas.so.3

To see if there are more versions of this library in your system, and use its path and append it to your .bashrc like:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=<your library path, without file name>:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_PRELOAD=<your library path>

I did not try ... let me know if it works.


Problem regarding Ubuntu Software Center


17.10 Upgrade wrecks Internet connectivity

It sounds very likely you're dealing with the same DNS issue in this question:

DNS not working after upgrade 17.04 to 17.10

Juho-Miko's answer fixed things for me, I've summarized it here as it might be a little difficult for non-technical users to find/follow his answer:

Confirm the issue is that /etc/resolv.conf is pointing at the wrong spot by running:

$ systemctl status resolvconf

You should see the following in the output of the command:

resolvconf[623]: /etc/resolvconf/update.d/libc: Warning: /etc/resolv.conf is not a symbolic link to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf

If you do not see the above output, this is NOT your problem. Do NOT proceed to step three.
Run the following commands to fix the issue:

$ sudo mv /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.old
$ sudo ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
$ systemctl restart resolvconf


Title bar settings missing in GNOME Tweaks on Ubuntu 20.04

In the GNOME Tweaks window look under 'Window Titlebars' section, instead of 'Windows' section:

You can also achieve your goal simply using the command-line. To move the window buttons to the right, launch Terminal and just run the following command

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout :minimize,maximize,close


How to fix "package is in very bad inconsistent state"?

This was answered in a comment by user535733. The solution was to reinstall the gnome-control-center-data package using the command:
sudo apt install --reinstall gnome-control-center-data

In general, if Synaptic or another tool says a package needs to be reinstalled, this can be achieved with the install action of apt (or apt-get, or aptitude), so long as the --reinstall option is also passed.
Without --reinstall, the package wouldn't be installed again because if the package manager believes it is already installed. (If it was automatically installed, it would be marked as manually installed, but this would not actually fix any missing or corrupted files from it.)


how to reinstall ubuntu on its own disk?

As you are planning to buy a second SSD, you might consider this scenario:
Make sure the new SSD is larger or exactly the same size as the current.
Boot the Ubuntu Live USB, open a terminal and use dd to copy the whole old disk to the new.
Boot the system and use boot sequence to boot from the new disk.
As this is the disk you want to use for Ubuntu, you can use gparted to remove the Windows partition, update Grub and you are done.

Restart the system again, select the old disk to boot into Windows, remove the Ubuntu partition and expand the Windows partition.

That leaves you with the dual boot configs on both disks. The easiest would be to set the default OS per disk and TimeOut to 0.


Temporarily switch to a full-screen, hairline cursor

There was a similar question a couple years ago.
The accept answer has four recommendations:

Magnification in GNOME Shell
Zoom Options Dialog (Universal Access)
Gnome Magnifier Review
Cursor as full screen crosshairs

Best Choice
All four should be investigated but the third suggestion leads to a promising app: Zoom Options Dialog (Universal Access):

Figure 2. Zoom Options Dialog showing the "Crosshairs" Tab.
Crosshairs Switch
The switch labelled Crosshairs toggles the display of crosshairs.
Overlaps mouse cursor
When the Overlaps mouse cursor checkbox is checked, the crosshairs intersect the mouse pointer. When unchecked, the crosshairs end before intersecting the mouse cursor.
Thickness
The Thickness slider determines the width of the crosshairs. The range is from 1 to 100 pixels.
Length
The Length slider determines the length of the crosshairs. The range is from very short, through fractions of the size of the screen, to a length that extends to the edges of the screen.
Color
The color button launches a color chooser dialog to set the color and transparency of the crosshairs.

Step by step instructions
Step by step instructions (using Gnome 2.2) were written by the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation).
Here are a couple of screenshots accompanying the instructions from that site:

Ubuntu Wiki has instructions for installing Orca for Unity and Gnome desktop environments here. However Unity DOES NOT have the Assistive Technology features for Magnifier and Cross Hairs. You MUST use Gnome DE for these features. Source.
Zoom Options Dialog is part of the ÆGIS (Ontario) Project. It is funded and supported by the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation and the ÆGIS (Europe) Project. You can also check these websites for more instructions.


What are ms/s units in Powertop and how can I get power consumption in watts?

When you have a laptop that can run on battery, in default interactive mode (launching with sudo powertop) on the overview tab, the first column shows estimated power consumption in mW (milliwatts) or µW (microwatts)

The units in the usage column are ms/s (milliseconds per second) and µs/s (microseconds per second) which show how much time per second the processor is spending on those tasks (so they can't be converted to watts)

PowerTOP 2.8      Overview   Idle stats   Frequency stats   Device stats   Tunables

The battery reports a discharge rate of 3.51 W
The estimated remaining time is 9 hours, 32 minutes

Summary: 1017.3 wakeups/second,  7.0 GPU ops/seconds, 0.0 VFS ops/sec and 3.8% CPU use

Power est.              Usage       Events/s    Category       Description
  1.97 W     50.0%                      Device         Display backlight
  980 mW      3.5 pkts/s                Device         Network interface: wlan0 (brcmfmac_sdio)
  100 mW    100.0%                      Device         radio:hci0
 43.3 mW      1.1 ms/s     559.1        Interrupt      [1] timer(softirq)
 22.6 mW      0.8 ms/s     290.8        Timer          intel_pstate_timer_func
 10.8 mW     15.3 ms/s      31.5        Process        /usr/lib/firefox/firefox
 9.62 mW    433.2 µs/s      14.6        Process        marco
 3.79 mW      6.9 ms/s      0.00        Interrupt      [7] sched(softirq)
 2.22 mW    204.1 µs/s      27.6        Interrupt      [6] tasklet(softirq)
 2.01 mW      3.6 ms/s      0.05        Process        [khugepaged]
 1.72 mW    459.2 µs/s      19.2        Process        /usr/lib/mate-panel/wnck-applet
 1.27 mW      2.2 ms/s       0.9        Process        /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg -nolisten tcp :1 vt1 -keeptty -auth /tmp/serverauth.JdmwHkcqKp
 1.12 mW      1.0 ms/s       3.4        Process        mate-terminal
 819 µW       0.7 ms/s       5.5        Process        [mmcqd/0]

The man page for powertop seems to suggest that power usage (the first column) is only available while running on battery. However, I find that this is not the case - it always shows me that column on my Ubuntu machine, which is a laptop with a healthy battery

However @edwinksl very helpfully pointed out that 'a minimum of 270 measurements are needed' running on battery only to give power usage estimates. This is for calibration.

Therefore, it seems that you need to run powertop on battery only for some time before it can give power consumption statistics.

If running on a desktop machine or laptop with no battery of course, this information would never become available. I've tried it with a battery-less laptop (running Arch), and there's no sign of the power usage column.

One more caveat from the user guide - /var/cache/powertop must be empty for power consumption estimates to show.


Well, you should be able to do something along the lines of:

echo 0|sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online

to disable cpu1 (cpu0 would be the first one, cpu1 next and so on).

If you wanted to disable a number of them in one line, try either this (here CPUs 1 through 7):

for i in $(seq 1 7); do
  echo 0|sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu$i/online
done

(as a one-liner this becomes: for i in $(seq 1 7); do echo 0|sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu$i/online; done) or:

echo 0|sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu{1,2,3,4,5,6,7}/online

Obviously some CPU needs to be operable, though. So I suggest you try to figure out what exactly causes the behavior when you plug in the power.

Also check out the pseudo-files offline, online, possible, present inside /sys/devices/system/cpu/ as they will give you and insight which CPUs are available at all.

Edit: given your additional information, you might want to check whether your (Ubuntu) system has the following packages installed and then edit the details into your question so we can help: apmd, toshset, acpid. Use the following (replace <package-name> with the aforementioned):

dpkg -l|grep <package-name>


Ubuntu 12.04 stuck at "reboot: Restarting System"

From the man shutdown:

OPTIONS
       -r     Requests  that  the system be rebooted after it has been brought
              down.

       -h     Requests that the system be either halted or powered  off  after
              it has been brought down, with the choice as to which left up to
              the system.

       -H     Requests that the system be halted after  it  has  been  brought
              down.

       -P     Requests  that  the  system  be  powered  off  after it has been
              brought down.

As you can see, options -H and -P will poweroff your system. And sudo reboot will only reboot your computer, because it is so designed.

For rebooting your system wishout hanging up I can recommend sudo shutdown -r and sudo init 6. 【⬅This did not work out for me @biohazard】


gnome-shell stopped working after last update

The problem is caused by the gnome-shell Alternative Status Menu extension:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=739271

You can try the workarounds suggested in the previous link, or read here for how to remove the extension:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GNOME#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME


This usually should work without any issues. We will start from the beginning. remove skype and pidgin: sudo apt-get remove skype* pidgin*

To get skype to work, you need skype itself installed sudo apt-get install skype and install the plugin like so: sudo apt-get install pidgin-skype. Select Skype. and i think you know the rest

Reference:

Pidgin, the universal chat client - EuroBytes


Desktop installation fails on Dell Precision T1600 with Nvidia Quadro card?

I had the same issue. Reading other posts on older versions of Ubuntu on Dell's precision T1600 suggests that it may be an isue with the video card.  This convinced me to try a different connection for my monitor (VGA cord instead of a DVI-D cord).

And it works. I don't fully understand why this is the case, but I am now running ubuntu from the CD and was able to successfully install it using the external VGA port.


Your command would actually count the number of lines containing / in the standard output of command /home/usr/bin/test

Here are some options to count the instances of / in the string /home/usr/bin/test:

grep -o '/' <<< "/home/usr/bin/test" | wc -l

tr -dc '/' <<< "/home/usr/bin/test" | wc -c


You can install a newer proprietary driver. Run in terminal

sudo apt purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt install broadcom-sta-dkms


Step by Step guide to install aircrack-ng suite on ubuntu 12.04 LTS

I don't know what steps you have taken, but aircrack-ng is in the "universe" repositories.

All you need to do is open up a terminal, and type in the following:

sudo apt-get install aircrack-ng

This will install the whole suite, including airmon, airodump, and aireplay.

Make sure that you have the universe repository enabled. To do that, search and open the "Software Sources" from the dash, and make sure that the universe repository is checked (the highlighted one below).

If all of this still does not work, follow the steps listed in this answer here.


LXQt panel Volume Control doesn't switch to actual output device

A solution is to use a different tool and remove completely that widget.

sudo apt install kmix

By default the actions on the tray icon don't affect the bluetooth speaker, until that speaker is selected as master channel (righ-click the icon, "Select Master Channel").

It shows no volume change pop-up on mouse actions on the tray icon (at least not in this LXQt).

sudo apt install qasmixer

Resize the window and drag it close to the volume icon.

sudo apt install pasystray

It doesn't show a slider, nor a pop-up, and mouse actions are limited to scrolling volume up-sown (no mute), but it has other useful options like switching the audio output. More here.
Add qasmixer -t (start minimized in tray) and/or kmix & pasystray  to startup list.

Furthermore, if the bluetooth audio device volume cannot be controlled through the laptop keys, the following commands could be associated to the keys:
Toggle mute: `amixer -q -D pulse sset Master toggle`

Volume up by 5%: `amixer -D pulse sset Master 5%+`

Volume down by 5%: `amixer -D pulse sset Master 5%-`

Sources: Terminal command to set audio volume? and How do you mute from the command line?.


How do I create a file with touch in 12.10

Touch merely changes file timestamps. It does create a file but you can do it using gedit and be able to edit it. Touch doesn't edit file contents.

This may work :

touch ~/powertap.rules; cat>>SYSFS{idVendor}=="0403", SYSFS{idProduct}=="6001", MODE="666", GROUP="plugdev"; sudo cp ~/powertap.rules /etc/udev/rules/powertap.rules


Hard drive memory exhausted (0 bytes) and system does not startup

I simply plugged in a USB drive (just in case).
The USB folder popped up and kept blinking. Between these blinks, I managed to delete some big chunks of data and as I did it, the blinking stopped and I have my baby back!!
Jetson guys,pls do better on the hard-drive size...PLS!


dia is a very good program to make diagrams of all type.

sudo apt-get install dia

Try it.


Please tell me what should be the disk partition for installing Ubuntu

Whatever you want since we have hardly any restrictions. If you want you can have 1 massive partition named "/" or have 2 partitions 1 named "/" and 1 named "/home" for your personal data.

The only restrictions we have: you must have a partition named "/". All partitions that have system related files (ie. "/" and "/home" except for the user dirs in "/home") need to be formatted in a file system that is POSIX compliant. "ext4" is the current default.

Size can be calculated on how you use your system but 10Gb/15Gb can be enough if you use a "/home" for your personal data. If you want to use mysql for instance your "/" might need a bit more. I hardly reach 10Gb on "/" and use my system with some test databases using mysql.

  Sometimes, it happens that after installing Ubuntu alongside Windows 7 as dual OS, the boot option menu did not show and can not log in to Windows OS. Tell me please how can I solve this issue

Re-install grub. Example: How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)
You might also want to install "boot customizer". It is a tool to edit and view your boot settings.


Not getting "Install Ubuntu alongside Windows boot manager"?

I think the best way setting up a multi boot system is making the partitioning by yourself with a partition tool of you choice first (GParted works fine) and then installing your preferred OS. Especially when you want to set up multiple OS the option "install  alongside " of the standard installer is often not that helpful - because it often simply doesn't do what it should do.

So my recommodation:

Make the partioning - 2 primary partitions. (A nice side effect of doing the partitioning by yourself is that you are able to configure the size of them easily)
Install Windows on the first partition
Install Linux/Ubuntu on the second one - to do so choose "something else"
choose the second partition as root mountpoint (the "/" in the menu) and the first partition or the whole drive (where you installed windows first) as the bootloader installation. Optional: Configure some SWAP Memory. (Mostly Available RAM divided by 2)

This works fine for me.


SSD and HDD have window 7 recovery partition. Can I delete one to make room for ubuntu?

When you did the initial install you disconnected the HDD drive and did a clean install on the SSD is this correct?  The reason I asked is that I want to do essentially the same thing.

Do you program files operate correctly now?  Or did you have to move the data files to the SSD to get them to work.

I do agree with what you said initially is that the new install of Windows 7 actually created your new recovery files on the SSD like any new install.

To address the part about ubuntu OS, you can set up a dual boot partion if you have the acronis tools.  According to the new software update you can install as many operating systems as you would like to put on your partition.

I have used it to clone a whole disk to disk copy and it worked great.  But you will have to purchase Acronis 'Disk Director to do any major stuff but its worth it.

I hope that helped with your question.  I saw your article and it was of great interest to me being I am in the process of making similar changes to my system setups.

David


Lubuntu 14.04 Sylpheed email retrieves old deleted mail

You are receiving the mail (again) because on your last system, you must have unchecked "remove messages on the server after download". In Sylpheed, you can do that in settings > accountsettings:

As you can see in this pop account example, you can do that by checking the option ("remove messages after x days", make it 0 to remove immediately).

If you use Gmail, you can use it as a pop account as wel for convenience reasons, with the same settings options.

Additional information:

If you make the settings as above, the email will not be downloaded again via your pop account, not even on a fresh install. However, they will continue to be available using Gmail in your webbrowser, unless you change some settings on the Gmail website. If you want to completely remove the mail you downloaded via your pop account, go to the Gmail website, click on the settings icon (the gear wheel in the top right of the window) and change the settings in the pop section to

if the messages are opened with pop, remove Gmail copy (see below)


How do I mount a GoPro Hero 7 via USB in Ubuntu 18.04?

I had the same issue when I used USB-C to USB-C cable. Once I switched to USB 3.0 - USB-C cable everything was back to normal. I also had gMTP installed, but I am not sure if it had any impact.


libavcodec-extra-54 and libavformat54 not upgrading

According to https://askubuntu.com/a/502208/15003, sudo apt-get install libopus0 followed by sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0-libav should upgrade the packages that are held back.


Okay, what is a kernel?

In computing, the kernel is a computer program that manages I/O requests from software, and translates them into data processing instructions for the central processing unit and other electronic components of a computer. The kernel is a fundamental part of a modern computer's operating system.

Source, Wikipedia
When does this update?
I think it is lumped in with the Ubuntu Base updates:

The base package is (a) ubuntu-desktop if it is installed, otherwise (b) the alphabetically first of any of the metapackages that are installed, for example, kubuntu-desktop or lubuntu-desktop.

It also seems to have the kernel as part of it - but of course there aren't always kernel updates.
It is normally the kernel that needs the restart when you update (although from 4.0+ it wont).
Source, Ubuntu Wiki
Now to your main question.
I have 6 kernels installed at the moment:
linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic
linux-image-3.13.0-46-generic
linux-image-3.13.0-48-generic
linux-image-3.13.0-49-generic
linux-image-3.13.0-51-generic
linux-image-3.13.0-53-generic

You can find out with this command:
dpkg --list | grep linux-image

Why doesn't ubuntu just remove them?
Well, I sometimes use a different kernel. For example, in the current one I have, linux-image-3.13.0-53-generic, there is a strange bug I got when I broke my xorg.conf file - I couldn't access tty easily. linux-image-3.13.0-51-generic fixed this for me, so I could undo my meddlings.
This is the same for lots of people - Ubuntu isn't in the business to remove packages you might need (even if you haven't used it for years, you may want it). I could do something different, with asking if it needs removing, but it doesn't.
Why is /boot so small?
Why does it need to be big? My current kernel is 5.6 MB:
-rw-------  1 root root 5.6M May 20 12:11 vmlinuz-3.13.0-53-generic

And the total "stuff" for the -53 version is 37.1 MB. You can fit 4 kernels in there, normally enough.
Also, note that the recommended size for /boot is now 500-600 MB.
Do I need it?
You don't - I don't have it. It's not compulsory, but there are some advantages:

as a rescue partition
rootfs is on a LVM, RAID, is encrypted, or unsupported by GRUB
maybe saves a few seconds of boot time

Source, Server Fault


I think network-manager uses dnsmasq as local DNS server. So that's why it is showing your localhost IP as DNS server.

To change that, look at How can I disable the DNS that Network Manager uses?

This local DNS server (dnsmasq) will use your router DNS server if you use dhcp or whatever DNS server is configured in the router (dhcp) configuration.


First, to handle managing a group of related services, I recommend using target. You can find the details at How to create a virtual systemd service to stop/start several instances together?.

The benefit of using a target is that you can stop and start all the services as a group or individually.

Second, you have to enable services for them to start at boot. Enabling a unit runs whatever directives you have in the [Install] section of your unit files. You can check if a unit is enabled or not with systemctl status your-unit or simply systemctl is-enabled your-unit.


Music CD-R holds a total of 260 MB of "lossless" audio?

It depends on several factors. "The audio contained in a CD-DA consists of two-channel signed 16-bit Linear PCM sampled at 44,100 Hz." This means 176400 bytes/second (2 bytes per channel, times 2 channels, times 44100 samples/second).

By definition a CD-DA should fit 74 minutes of audio at this sampling rate, meaning (176400 * 60 * 74) = 783,216,000 bytes, or 746.93 MiB.

Now, please notice that this is simply raw, sampled audio with no compression whatsoever.

So assuming you were to rip a CD with an actual play time of exactly 74 minutes, to an equivalently-raw format such as WAV or AIFF, you would get close to those 746 MB of information.

Your data is smaller due to two factors.

First, your disc may not be entirely full. Many CDs simply don't contain all possible 74 minutes of information. To put an example, The Beatles' Rubber Soul contains only 36 minutes of music, so it would contain less information.

Second, and perhaps most important, FLAC may be a lossless format, but it's not compressionless. To quote Wikipedia:

  "FLAC (/ˈflæk/; Free Lossless Audio Codec) is a codec
  (compressor-decompressor or coder-decoder) which allows digital audio
  to be losslessly compressed such that file size is reduced without any
  information being lost. Digital audio compressed by FLAC's algorithm
  can typically be reduced to 50–60% of its original size"

So if you assume that your 262 MB of audio are compressed by 50%, you'd come up with 520 MB of raw, uncompressed audio, which translates to a play time of about 55 minutes.

Add up the runtime of your tracks and I'm pretty sure it'll be close to this figure.

References:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Disc_Digital_Audio#Storage_capacity_and_playing_time
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubber_Soul
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLAC#Compression_levels


The version of Catalyst that ships with Ubuntu 13.10 is outdated, version 13.8, and has a lot of general bugs and issues. With Radeon HD 6000 series, especially your Radeon HD 6870, it is more advisable to use the open source drivers instead of Catalyst. To get better open source drivers, add the oibaf ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers; sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade -y; sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y

Then reboot.

My Ubuntu 13.10 machines with Radeon HD 6850s all run perfectly with the default open source drivers, so I'm not sure why you want Catalyst. I'd only recommend Catalyst for Radeon HD 7000+ GPUs, but honestly I dislike how Canonical decided to make Catalyst 13.8 the default fglrx on Ubuntu 13.10's released instead of Catalyst 13.11 which has much needed RadeonSI fixes for HD 7000+ GPUs and support for their new R7 and R9 graphics cards.


How to remove tearing in videos with Nvidia driver?

Thanks to Barafu Albino I found temporary solution to problem. In my case it's HTPC so I use it only for playing movies. Therefore I can use any desktop enviroment... including XFCE mentioned by Barafu.

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

This will install Xubuntu deksktop enviroment including XFCE.

Logout from ubuntu. Choose XFCE session

Enjoy tearless playback!

(make sure you've taken steps with vertical synchronisation and refresh rate settings as mentioned in guide)


How to run Blackboard Collaborate on Ubuntu 18.04

OPTIONS

You have a couple of options:

1. Launch the meeting.jnlp file locally on your desktop

This requires you to have Java installed in Ubuntu 18.04
You do not need a web browser that supports NPAPI

2. Run Blackboard collaborate from within a web browser

This requires you to have Java installed in Ubuntu 18.04
You must use a web browser that supports NPAPI
You need a Java plugin for your web browser

OPTION 1

This option does not launch Blackboard Collaborate from inside your Web Browser.

Install Java...

If you have Open Java installed from the Ubuntu repositories, remove it

sudo apt autoremove --purge default-jdk java-common

Install Oracle's Java 8...

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt install oracle-java8-installer
sudo apt install oracle-java8-set-default

Install library to support event sounds.

sudo apt install libcanberra-gtk-module

It's a good idea to set your Java environment variables (although I found this wasn't necessary for Blackboard Collaborate)...

cat /etc/environment
echo 'JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle' | sudo tee --append /etc/environment
echo 'JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre' | sudo tee --append /etc/environment
cat /etc/environment

Reboot your machine (to enable the environment variables) and check that Java is installed...

java -version

Run the Blackboard Collaborate application.

Go to your Blackboard Collaborate URL
Do not select to "Get Required Software"
Instead, click "Start Session"
This will download a file called "meeting.jnlp"
Save the file (in your Downloads folder)
Open Files (Nautilis) and navigate to your Downloads folder
Click on "meeting.jnlp" to launch the application, and Blackboard Collaborate will open

Option 2

This option launches Blackboard Collaborate from inside your Web Browser. But you need to install a new web browser that supports NPAPI (Pale Moon).

Install Java...

If you have Open Java installed from the Ubuntu repositories, remove it

sudo apt autoremove --purge default-jdk java-common

Install Oracle's Java 8...

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt install oracle-java8-installer
sudo apt install oracle-java8-set-default

Install library to support event sounds.

sudo apt install libcanberra-gtk-module

It's a good idea to set your Java environment variables (although I found this wasn't necessary for Blackboard Collaborate)...

cat /etc/environment
echo 'JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle' | sudo tee --append /etc/environment
echo 'JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre' | sudo tee --append /etc/environment
cat /etc/environment

Reboot your machine (to enable the environment variables) and check that Java is installed...

java -version

Install Pale Moon web browser...

cd ~/Downloads
wget -nv https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:stevenpusser/xUbuntu_18.04/Release.key -O Release.key
sudo apt-key add - < Release.key
sudo apt-get update

echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/stevenpusser/xUbuntu_18.04/ /'| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stevenpusser.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install palemoon

Add the Java Plugin to Pale Moon...

Make sure libnpjp2.so is in /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre/lib/amd64. (You can find it using sudo find / -name libnpjp2.so).

Create a link to libnpjp2.so in /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins so Palemoon can find the Java plugin.

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libnpjp2.so

Run the Blackboard Collaborate application.

Launch Pale Moon browser
Go to Extensions and Addons in the browser settings, and ensure the Java plugin is selected
Go to your Blackboard Collaborate URL
Do not select to "Get Required Software"
Instead, click "Start Session"
This will launch the Blackboard Collaborate application from inside your browser.

REFERENCES

http://linux.palemoon.org/

https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=home:stevenpusser&package=palemoon

Install Java Plugin in Pale Moon Browser

Web browsers with NPAPI plugins support

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/09/install-oracle-java-8-in-ubuntu-via-ppa.html


unity-2d has some of its own processes and some processes that derive from unity (unity-2d uses unity libraries).

You can find these processes with:

ps aux | grep unity

This yields these (see the right-most tokens in the above command output):

unity-2d-launcher
unity-2d-panel
/usr/lib/unity-place-applications/unity-applications-daemon
/usr/lib/unity-place-files/unity-files-daemon

Each of these can be individually stopped (and each will automatically restart) with:

sudo killall <process>

So to kill them all, list them all in the above command:

sudo killall unity-2d-launcher unity-2d-panel \
/usr/lib/unity-place-applications/unity-applications-daemon \
/usr/lib/unity-place-files/unity-files-daemon


Elgato USB video capture device #10020840 - I can't tell if it's working, I don't think it is. (Ubuntu 14.04 x64)

The best way to tell if a device is detected is through lsusb and /dev. It's not always failsafe, though.

If lsusb shows an entry for the device (and it is identified correctly), the kernel is detecting it, fixing one part of the problem.

If /dev shows an entry for it (in this case, /dev/video* (replace * with a number)), then it is exposed to the system and ready to use.

In your case, as determined by chat, your card is just not compatible. The system detects it and makes it ready, but no program can read it. It sounds like a propritrary communication codec, kind of like what those one-time camcorders have.

Elgato is not compatible with Linux (even with custom drivers), so this is sadly a dead cause.

You can use a standard Sony camcorder as a pass-through device.

Hook up the RCA cables to the connector jack, and a DV cord to the DV port.

Se the camera to VTR mode and change the "RCA > Digial" mode in the camera menu to ON.


That message always appears in the terminal when you open firefox, it's not a problem. I can't quite explain it, but it's a bit like when scammers trying to sell you so-called 'antivirus' in Windows they show you a program which contains a load of normal errors and say that it's not normal. Just forget about it. You probably opened it with root as sudo instead of gksudo some time by accident which would cause stuff to have different permissions.


How to launch GUI application on device plugin?

It turns out that I was correct in the way I was trying to handle the problem. Unfortunately, I discovered that while I can launch most programs, gnome-pie is not one of them.

Also I learned that sometimes this method will bug out and not work correctly if there is constant disconnecting/reconnecting, even with applications that will launch.

Considering no one else will use gnome-pie this way, finding a solution to getting it working is probably not happening.

Hopefully the Wacom driver for linux will be updated to include a radial menu in the future.


How to detect whether an app is running on a mobile device or on the desktop

At the moment the only way to detect it is by checking the Application's width and height. For instance assuming that the phone's widthxheight is 40x71 GU (default portrait), the tablet is 160x100 GU (default landscape), anything that goes above 160x100 GU can be considered as desktop.

There are plans to provide flags to identify for instance whether there is a HW keyboard attached, pointing device, ASO, however those flags should not be used alone to identify a desktop form factor as you can attach mouse/HW keyboard to phone/tablet through bluetooth.


HP Envy 32 all-in-one bang & olufen audio driver

Took me quite some time to figure it out, but you need to enable a GPIO pin on this setup. Execute the following lines, or put it in a script:
/usr/bin/hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x01 SET_GPIO_MASK 0x04

/usr/bin/hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x01 SET_GPIO_DIRECTION 0x04

/usr/bin/hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x01 SET_GPIO_DATA 0x04


log USB connect and disconnect in ubuntu 13.x

Yes, it is possible to log, in fact is it already logged by the kernel as standard.
And you can access it from both the dmesg and the system log. dmesg and cat /var/log/syslog. Be aware this will also send you email on reboot and startup of the system.

Wish you good luck and have fun tweaking it to perfectly suit your needs.

#/etc/udev/rules.d/98-usb-udev.rules
#
# Home crafted udev usb mail rule
#
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", RUN+="/home/yourusername/sendudev.sh"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", RUN+="/home/yourusername/sendudev.sh"

-

#/home/yourusername/sendudev.sh
#!/bin/bash
text="$(/bin/dmesg | /bin/grep -i 'usb' | tac)"
/bin/echo -e "Date:$(date)\n\nudev env and reversed log is embed.\n\n$(env)\n\n$text" | /usr/bin/mail -s 'Mail from udev.' -t root@localhost

-

sudo chmod +x /home/yourusername/sendudev.sh


Can't change Theme or Icons in Xubuntu 14.04

If you haven't tried here already, you can change settings in the Settings Editor, xfce4-settings-editor. Appearance settings are under the section xsettings.

Themes
You can see your themes by pasting the following in terminal:

ls /usr/share/themes/

To change a theme you can run something like the following. Just put in the name you like. If it is two words wrap it in quotes.

xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Net/ThemeName -s Greybird

Icons
To view icons:

ls /usr/share/icons/

To change icons:

xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Net/IconThemeName -s Tango

Fonts
To view fonts (sorry I don't have a better option here):

fc-list

To set fonts:

xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Gtk/FontName -s "DejaVu Sans 10"

I wish I knew how to fix the actual issue, but I hope this will help a little.


When will Mono Runtime 3.2 be available in Ubuntu 12.04

The version 3.2 just landed to Debian sid, from there, it should pass to testing, then to Ubuntu. I see lots of work there. You can check the packages status in LaunchPad. If you want to build from sources, you can check out the mono main page and build it yourself.


Gnome 3 on 12.10 notification panel disables bottom of screen

Not certain if this is the answer you desire - ALT - Right Click on the bottom panel


I think you would be new to Ubuntu. sudo apt-get update <argument> will just update the repositories and it is showing you an error because you have wrong (bad) links. Once you have updated the repositories you have to run sudo apt-get upgrade to download and install the updates. So to totally update your Ubuntu pc you have to type:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

A better command to the first one will be:

sudo apt-get update -fmy

The argument f is for fixing unresolved (broken) dependencies.
The argument m is for attempting to search even if the archives are unlocatable.
The argument y is for assuming yes for every queries.


Pulseaudio does not detect analog speakers, only HDMI output possible

I resolved my quite similar problems in this post: Only have HDMI / Display Port for sound except Analog. You could try my way by reinstalling analog package:

sudo apt-get remove analog
sudo apt-get install analog

Reboot it and your computer may work properly.


Do a

sudo chown $USER:$USER <your_problem_folder>

where <your_problem_folder> is the folder with which you have trouble.


Variable not stored while executing bash commands via gnome-terminal

The single big parameter after bash -c is within double quotes. That means, substitution of certain things (including $newfile) is performed here by the outmost shell, i.e. the shell that is about to launch gnome-terminal, before launching it. In that context this variable is undefined.

I recommend that you go for a separate script, as you've shown at the bottom of your post. The one-liners are terribly unreadable anyways.

Other possibilities include swapping ' and " quotes in the command line so that ' is the outer one (that is, $newline remains $newline and isn't substituted by the outmost shell, it's interpreted later by the one started by gnome-terminal); or escaping the $ sign in $newfile as \$newfile.

And while we're at it:

$(xsel ...) executes the clipboard's contents as a command (or series of commands) without any validation whatsoever. E.g. if your clipboard contains the string rm -rf ~, your home directory is whoops gone. I'm not sure what your intent is, but for your safety, you should ditch this approach and find another solution!

echo File name? performs shell pattern matching on files whose names consist of five characters: name and then one arbitrary character. Use a pair of single or double quotes.

You refer to the variable name $newfile without quote marks. This will result in faulty behavior if it contains whitespaces. Refer to it as "$newfile" instead.


Ubuntu 12.10 and Android bluetooth pairing problem

If it sees the device, select the device.
Pin Options, choose  custom, type in whatever number you want, then Ok.
It will ignore your custom passkey but send a pin to the device, accept on the device and tell Ubuntu it matches.  The device should pair.  I've tried this with Nokia and Samsung devices and successfully paired them.


How to set default profile for bluetooth headset?

You can consider this as a workaround, as here The profile will be switched to HSP/HFP once you start an activity that requires a microphone but the profile initially is set to a2dp_sink.
Modify /etc/pulse/default.pa
Add the following lines or modify them
### Automatically load driver modules for Bluetooth hardware
.ifexists module-bluetooth-policy.so
load-module module-bluetooth-policy auto_switch=2
.endif

The magic here in auto_switch=2 which will make the pulse audio switch the profile based on requirements.
For more information and options you can refer to this reference wiki : https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/Modules/#module-bluetooth-policy
Edit
These are some of the pre-conditions that may affect the method.

The above method tested with Kde Neon (based on ubuntu-20.04)
I have installed ofono,ofono-phonesim based on the below links to enable HSP/HFP for my headphone. I don't know if that may affect the procedure or no.

https://zambrovski.medium.com/using-bluetooth-headset-on-ubuntu-790ce6eecc2
https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/Bluetooth/#supportedcodecs

Tested Apps

Microsoft teams (you need to start the call)
Browser (Webex site)


sudo -E printenv | grep SSH

-E Preserves your environment variables into the sudo.


Just use iptables-save and restart you computer. This will make your iptables settings work.

If you are setting firewall then why are you enabling all the tcp ports. I would prefer to allow selected ports only. i.e for lynx. I would use:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables-save
sudo init 6

Also why are you using

sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -j DROP

This will drop all your outgoing traffic from all the ports.


Guide for using Juju in deploying to a Raspberry Pi

Currently the closest that comes to this is manual provisioning which is noted in the documentation as being experimental at the moment.  LXC is an available option as well but that requires further assessment.


How do I resolve a "maas": no public ssh keys found. error?

By default, juju looks in the current user's ~/.ssh for a public key file; it'll choose (in order of preference) id_dsa.pub, id_rsa.pub, or identity.pub, and will authorize that key for the ubuntu user on every machine it provisions.

If your setup is more complex, you can edit your environment configuration to specify the path to an authorized_keys file containing any number of public keys (or, indeed, a single public key in another location):

environments:
  maas:
    ...
    authorized-keys-path: /path/to/authorized-key(s)
    ...

...but, if you don't have a corresponding private key in an expected location, you may need to edit ~/.ssh/config to specify an IdentityFile before you can use juju ssh, juju scp, juju debug-log or juju debug-hooks.


What does the error "ImportError: libcublas.so.8.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory" mean when I try to use TensorFlow?

You need to install the package libcublas8.0. It's in the multiverse repository of Ubuntu 16.10 and later


Open the terminal and type:
ubuntu-drivers devices

Wait at least one minute for the command to scan your computer and generate the list of drivers. The output of this command will be a list of the package names and short descriptions of the available drivers. In addition to showing a list of the available drivers, the above command will often also identify the recommended proprietary driver(s) for your system.
Install the recommended proprietary NVIDIA driver. If the name of the recommended proprietary NVIDIA driver is, for example, "nvidia-example-driver" install it using the following commands:
sudo apt install nvidia-example-driver # replace nvidia-example-driver with the name of the recommended driver
sudo reboot

You can install the proprietary Nvidia graphics driver alongside the built-in open source nouveau graphics driver. If the Nvidia proprietary graphics driver has a problem and Ubuntu can't boot, Ubuntu will try to boot using the nouveau driver as a fallback graphics driver.


lp (/lpr) can only print PDF, p(ost)s(ript), and plain text files.

But this does not has to stop here: you can make PDFs with a lot of tools and then print that PDF.

Examples:

If you want docx and other Microsoft formats you can use a converter like JODConverter to convert those to PDF.
For images you can do the same: make a PDF from the image and print that:

mogrify -format pdf *.jpg

will create a PDF from jpgs.
Or with the convert command in imagemagick:

for file in *.jpg ; do convert "$file" "${file/%jpg/pdf}" ; done


As there are still a lot of packages that depend on Python2 (like Samba and VirtualBox) you should have a close look at the packages that apt wants to remove before you let it proceed.

Use

sudo apt purge python2.7-minimal

to completely remove Python2 and everything that depends on it.


What kind of link to /bin/systemctl is /sbin/reboot?

Nice question, I found the answer, provided by @slm ♦, on Unix & Linux Q&A:

  Many programs make use of this technique where there is a single
  executable that changes its behaviour based on how it was executed.

  There's typically a structure inside the program called a case/switch
  statement that determines the name the executable was called with and
  then will call the appropriate functionality for that executable name.
  That name is usually the first argument the program receives.

  Read the examples...

While in the original answer are provided two examples with C and Perl, here is an example with Bash. In Bash the positional parameter $0 contains the name of the script that is executed. So let's create a simple script, called program.sh and make it executable:

cat << EOF > program.sh && chmod +x program.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "I was called as \"\${0##*/}\""
EOF

\$ will escape the special meaning of $ within cat during the script creation.
${0##*/} will output only the name of the executable without the path during the script execution.

Next let's create three symbolic links to that script:

for link in call-{1..3}; do ln -s program.sh $link; done

Now, depending on how we call program.sh - directly or by any of the symbolic links, that we've created - the output will be different:

$ ./program.sh
I was called as "program.sh"

$ ./call-1
I was called as "call-1"

$ ./call-2
I was called as "call-2"

$ ./call-3
I was called as "call-3"


Once Ubuntu is released only security fixes or fixes to major flaws are published in the stable release. See here for the policy:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/StableReleaseUpdates

Certain software, like the Firefox can be granted exceptions based on special circumstances, but generally speaking if you want a new version of something you'll have to find a PPA for it, see if it has been backported, or build it yourself.


How to disable popup "Close this terminal?" when closing terminal?

In 16.04 you'll find that choice in dconf-editor. You can install it, if necessary, with

sudo apt install dconf-editor

Then go to

org -> gnome -> terminal -> legacy

and uncheck confirm-close.


shell script for Installing the software from local machine to remote machine

I think this question has been asnwered in another post, please read this post first and if you do not get answer or if you have specific question feel free to modify your question.

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/92664/how-to-deploy-programs-on-multiple-machines

I am pasting the answer for your benefit. Thanks Terdon For this answer.

you can set up passwordless access to each of the machines easily enough using this approach:

install sshpass on your local machine

sudo apt-get install sshpass
This will allow you to pass the password as a command line argument:

sshpass -p '<password>' ssh user@server
Create an ssh key

ssh-keygen -t rsa
You can simplify things by allowing an empty passphrase (the rest of this answer will assume you have done so, let me know if your security concerns prohibit this and I will modify accordingly).

Create a file with all the IPs you are interested in and their respective username and passwords, one per line:

1.2.3.4 bob bobs_password
11.22.33.44 hary harrys_password

Now, use sshpass to copy your key files and --as long as you've used an empty passphrase-- allow passwordless access to all machines:

while read ip user pass; do
  sshpass -p "$pass" ssh ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub $user@$ip;
done < ips.txt

Now that you have passwordless access set up, install your software on each machine (this assumes that $user can run apt-get, basically that $user is root):

 while read ip user pass; do
   ssh $user@$ip "apt-get install package;
 done < ips.txt


Wallpaper is not correct displayed after migrating tu Ubuntu 20.04

many thanks for Your comment. This help me to find the reason for the black desktop. The gnome extension "Workspace Indicator" is responsible for the black desktop. Deactivating them shows my selected wallpaper.
I will report the error to the Workspace Indicator development.
Thanks again and regards Rainer


Probably what is happening is that the file handling is being intercepted by the default lessfile input preprocessor. Although I don't have any experience with it,  according to man lessfile it is possible to override the default behaviour as follows:

USER DEFINED FILTERS
       It  is  possible to extend and overwrite the default lesspipe and less‐
       file input processor if you have specialized  requirements.  Create  an
       executable  program with the name .lessfilter and put it into your home
       directory. This can be a shell script or a binary program.
.
.
.

However, if your files are plain ASCII text, it may be sufficient for your needs to simply disable the preprocessor altogether - either by setting an empty LESSOPEN environment variable

LESSOPEN= less yourfile.iso

or using the -L command line option

less -L yourfile.iso

From man less:

   -L or --no-lessopen
          Ignore the LESSOPEN environment variable  (see  the  INPUT  PRE‐
          PROCESSOR  section  below).   This option can be set from within
          less, but it will apply only to files opened  subsequently,  not
          to the file which is currently open.


High CPU load on server with no processes running

CPU power may not only be used by user processes but also be the kernel itself.

If you write that "you have been given space" on that server, what exactly does that mean?

Try running finger and find out if any other users are using the server at the same time. If that's the case (i.e. it's a shared resource) and they have given you root, it sounds scary to me.

So in other words: If you're alone on the box, the non-scientific way of just rebooting should solve your problem, though you will not find out that way what the problem actually was.


HFS+ hard drive being mounted as read only

This question was asked and answered over at superuser.com:

  You need to turn off the journaling if you want to write to it from
  Ubuntu. Ubuntu only has support for writing to non-journaled HFS+
  volumes.

  On your Mac:

  Open Disk Utility under Applications -> Utilities
  Select the volume to disable journaling on.
  Choose Disable Journaling from the File menu.  (On later Mac OS versions you'll have to hold down the option button when you click
  the File menu. Or if you like Apple+J)

Journaling is a feature that helps prevent file-system corruption in case of sudden loss of power or major crash and also helps speed recovery during a filesystem check.  Just so you know what you will be disabling.  You can use a file-system without journaling, you just might have to wait longer and deal with more problems if your computer crashes or loses power.

Support for read+write access with journalling for HFS+ partitions is still in progress.  You can forcibly enable it with recent kernels, but it's still considered unsafe [source].


Trackpad/Touchpad not responding on an  Acer Aspire 5333-2880. How can I get it to work again?

I bought an Acer 5750-6421 and had the same problem with 11.04. The difference is that mine never worked from day 1 on both Gnome and KDE.  I even tried another OS.  I have been running 11.10 Oneiric Beta for a month and the Touchpad now works and also there are settings in the System Settings  for Touchpad now, which did not happen in 11.04.  So upgrade to 11.10 and that should fix that problem.  I searched high and low with no other success.  Now dimming the display is another matter.  If you need that let me know.


Ubuntu 16.10 Software Center "cannot install from unsigned repo"

Open a terminal by using CTRL+ALT+T and run the command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

This will tell you that packages are signed with an untrusted key XYZ. You can select Y/N to manually force the installation of untrusted packages or you can tell Ubuntu you trust the key using the command:

 sudo gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv XYZ


First, install gnome-tweak-tool with sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool -y in the terminal. Now run gnome-tweak-tool and check Desktop > Have file manager handle the desktop > On/Off. This needs to be on in order for nautilus to manage the desktop background along with icons.

If you are having compiz issues, sudo rm ~/.compiz ~/.config/compiz-1 -R then logging out and logging back in should fix it.


Number Lock light remains on after shutting down computer

This CNET website says that PS2 outputs can be wired that they are always on.

  Not a bug. Just how some machines are wired.

Maybe time for a USB keyboard ;-)


What do the numbers in the output of apt-cache policy tell us?

Guiding me through the information obtained in this Debian HOWTO article I can say that it represents the priority of the repository package. In the previous link you can see an example.

While the number representing the priority is bigger, the priority for this repo is bigger.

After the "Version table:" line you have this format:

*** <some-version> <minimum-priority-to-consider>
   <priority-of-this-instance> <repository1>
   <priority-of-this-instance> <repository2>
*** <some-other-version> <minimum-priority-to-consider>
   <priority-of-this-instance> <repository3>
   <priority-of-this-instance> <repository4>

So in your output, for the version 0.4.3-8, the minimum priority to consider is 0 (zero). And the first mentioned repository has a big priority (500 is the greatest number there)

A version pin does NOT set a priority; it kicks in when any version exists anywhere that matches the version initializing the version that is going to be installed or upgraded, and then replacing that version with any version anywhere that has a larger priority than the requested version Pin-Priority, if any.


Batch extract audio with avconv without transcoding

You can use a simple for loop:

for i in *.mp4; do
    avconv -i "${i}" -map 0:1 -c:a copy "${i%.mp4}.aac"
done

or on one line:

for i in *.mp4; do avconv -i "${i}" -map 0:1 -c:a copy "${i%.mp4}.aac"; done

What is does is run avconv once for every file named like *.mp4 where the filename is stored in the ${i} variable.

${i%.mp4} means ${i} (ie. the filename) with .mp4 stripped off from the end.


How do I disable 'Activities' hot corner in GNOME shell?

In GNOME Tweak Tool aka GNOME Tweaks (install it by running sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool), go to "Top bar" then switch '"Activities Overview Hot Corner".

A screencast :


Can ssh using domain name but cant using server name!

Looks like it's DNS related issue or a network problem.

Make sure that your domain name resolves properly into your server's IP.

host domain

or

nslookup domain

When it comes to network issues use mtr for packet losses or other network problems:

mtr domain

This might be also caused by fail2ban, if you have it installed on your server of course.

In rare cases, there might be IP addresses conflict, meaning that another device in your LAN or WAN binds to your server's IP.

Use dmesg to find out if your NIC is f.e. reseting

sudo dmesg | grep NIC

Also make sure that your server's IP is static. Most of ISP's provides you with dynamic IP. In that case you should consider a DDNS service.


When I try to start minecraft on Ubuntu 12.04 it says It requires a Java Runtime Enviroment 1.5.0

Open Terminal and Type Following Commands:

sudo apt-get purge openjdk*
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update <br>
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

This removes the OpenSource Java Runtime environment, and adds a software source. It then gets an update from these sources, and installs the official Runtime Environment 7 released by Oracle.


I think your .img file is empty (or there's something wrong with it), that's exactly what dd says when you tell it to read an empty file:

$ touch empty
$ dd if=empty of=e2
0+0 records in
0+0 records out
0 bytes (0 B) copied, 0.000555823 s, 0.0 kB/s

The Ubuntu live ISO's should have a copy of memtest, under the "Test memory" entry in their menu, similar to this image (at least the used to, haven't booted a "raw" live iso in a while):


You can try

sudo apt-get update --fix-missing
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get remove mysql*


12.04 LTS won't boot after modifying root directory permissions

There's always a user called root in Ubuntu, and its User ID is always 0. When using chown you can specify either user name or user ID, so I suppose both of the following commands should work when booted from a LiveCD:

chown -hR root:root /media/mount
chown -hR 0:0 /media/mount

after which I think you'll need to change the ownership of home directories - you'll have to use user IDs in this case because users from your machine do not exist when booted from LiveCD. You can see what was the user IDs of the users in your system by looking into /etc/passwd on the hard disk (so, in your case it'll be something like /media/mount/etc/passwd)


Available wifi network list missing and intermittent wired connection

It is well documented that, despite Broadcom's README, bcmwl-kernel-source does not work for your device. I suggest you do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install --reinstall firmware-b43-installer
sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/broadcom-sta-common.conf

Reboot and your wireless should be working.


Will changes applied to ubuntu 15.10 have any effect after upgrade to 16.04 in future?

Nobody knows that. Anyway after upgrade to a new release you will have to redo it. And something may not work. Custom themes are not supported and nobody tests what happens after a release upgrade.


How to prevent GNOME Screensaver's "random" option from including Images directory?

There are "Wishlist" bug reports about this on Launchpad and the GNOME Bugzilla. I wouldn't get your hopes up that this will be implemented in the graphical interface anytime soon though.

But it turns out your problem is solvable with a little effort! (This looks like a lot of steps but actually it's not hard.)

Choose the Random option in System->Preferences->Screensaver
Open the gconf editor (Alt+F2 and enter gconf-editor)
Navigate to apps/gnome-screensaver
Right click on the themes 'key' and click "Edit Key..."
Click on screensavers-personal-slideshow and press Remove


How to disable shadows for Ubuntu 15.04 for a certain window class?

As the dialog suggests, there's a Unity plugin that provides decorations. You can find it in the Desktop section of ccsm.

In the Decorations tab, Check Override Theme Settings then set the shadow colors to be 0 percent opaque. No more shadows!


How to install latex in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

To install TeX Live in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install texlive

The TeX Live software distribution offers a complete TeX system. It encompasses programs for typesetting, previewing and printing of TeX documents in many different languages, and a large collection of TeX macros and font libraries. The texlive metapackage provides a decent selection of the TeX Live packages which should suffice for the most common tasks.

To install TeXstudio in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install texstudio

TeXstudio is a program based on Texmaker, which integrates many tools needed to develop documents with LaTeX in just one application. Using its editor you can write your documents with the help of interactive spell checking, syntax highlighting, code completion and more.


Finally!

It seems that for now I've solved the problem by running (as user):

chmod 777 ~/.ICEauthority
sudo dpkg --configure -a

Hope it helps somebody. To find this solution I used information found <here>.

Edit: maybe useful to add that I also changed grub, like this:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Change this line: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

To this:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"

Save and exit, then run:

sudo update-grub


pulseaudio incorrectly reporting analog 5.1 as unplugged

Finally solved it. I had one speaker jack in a port that was working, but technically wasn't actually the "right port", and because of the way pulseaudio detects line out status, that made it detect the speakers as unplugged.


You have to change a couple of things:

#!/bin/bash

path="/home/walter197/info.txt"
new_file="/home/walter197/new_info.txt"

while IFS= read -r line
do
    echo "$line" | cut -d "/" -f 4 >> $new_file

done < "$path"

exit


Terminal fails to connect to internet even though everything else is connected to the internet

I have the same sorts of problems because my home Internet connection is spotty recently. I have better luck taking my laptop to a place with free WiFi and upgrading stuff there. That being said, there's something you can do if a file download freezes with apt-get.

Do NOT interrupt apt-get when it's actually installing anything. However, while it's merely downloading the software packages, if one of the files stops making any progress for a significant amount of time, press Ctrl+C to quit and then run the command again.

apt-get is not smart about figuring out when a download has permanently frozen.


E: Broken packages from Depends: python3 (>= 3.6.6-1~)

@user535733 is right, the three packages from python3 depends had conflicted, between:

 python3-distutils=3.6.7-1~ from bionic-proposed/main repository
 python3-gdbm=3.6.7-1~ from bionic-proposed/main repository
 python3-lib2to3=3.6.7-1~ from bionic-proposed/main repository

and

 python3-distutils=3.6.5-3~ from bionic/main repository
 python3-gdbm=3.6.5-3~ from bionic/main repository
 python3-lib2to3=3.6.5-3~ from bionic/main repository

that's fixed with disable bionic-proposed repository using add # in

#deb http://id.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed universe restricted main multiverse.


Annoying clicking noise on Asus 1018p, how to turn it off?

That is not from Linux, that sound is when the HDD puts the head into parking position. I don't think, you can turn it off, although disable the "Turn off HDD when possible" tick in System -> Preferences -> Power Management -> Running on Battery, it may help by parking the head fewer.


Replacing Chrome OS on ASUS C300 for Ubuntu

Well I believe the obvious answer to be Yes, if you have a Bootable USB with Ubuntu on it or an CD. But as mentioned below in the comments It may be harder since it was a chrome book.

For more Info check this question out: How do I install Ubuntu?

Also, possible duplicate: How to install Ubuntu 32-bit on Asus C300 chromebook


I think you mean something like this: (Sorry I'm on 12.04 but the idea remains)

Click on the Applications lens - the second from left at the bottom of the dash.
Click on Filter results on the top right - highlighted in the screenshot.
Select the category/categories you want to view apps from.


GEdit does not remember the "Text wrapping" setting

Gedit Preference:

Gedit stores it's preferences in: ~/.config/dconf/user

This is where many gnome applications store their settings.

Of course, the interface for this settings is in Gedit itself.  That's the steps you're already using since your question made references to being remembered in one of your computers.

You can use the commandline interface to access these settings with the **gsettings` command.

There are a number of gedit wrap-modes.  You can check one with this command:

$ gsettings get org.gnome.gedit.preferences.editor wrap-mode

The output would either be: 'word' or none.

Fixing problems with settings being remembered:

As far as the problem you're having with it being remembered, this is usually the result of having run a gui that made some gnome settings changes from elevated access (i.e. sudo [gui command] with gui command being many of the available gui desktop applications).

Some of the files in your personal space has become owned by a different user than you.  You can find out which files or folders in your personal space has this problem by running this:

$ time find ~/ -mount ! -user $(whoami)

You can fix the problem files by running a variation of this command:

 $ sudo chown $(whoami):$(whoami) [filename]

That would be the resolution of a file.

When I experience the problem I resolve the issue by regaining a ownership of all the files in my personal space, since for the integrity of my system, I always use my computer as a normal user, and only use sudo when I want to make a systemwide change, which I wouldn't be doing in my personal space.

$ time sudo chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) ~/


Spotify music is not heard when I start a Skype call

Go to settings, click on sound, click on the music button in the spotify field, ready!


Wake on LAN with MAAS stuck in commissioning (does not turn on the machine)

It is not related to two NICs on Ubuntu 14.04! Using one NIC on MAAS cluster controller below!

It works from MAAS cluster controller with wakeonlan the node!

user@host:~$ wakeonlan 00:0b:db:78:07:33
Sending magic packet to 255.255.255.255:9 with 00:0b:db:78:07:33

But not with juju bootstrap and the node in Ready status on MAAS!

user@host:~$ juju bootstrap
WARNING ignoring environments.yaml: using bootstrap config in file "/home/ron/.juju/environments/maas.jenv"
Launching instance
WARNING picked arbitrary tools &{"1.18.4-trusty-amd64" "http:    //192.168.2.2/MAAS/api/1.0/files/?key=6497d00c-2d4b-11e4-9ca7-00137273b6ca&op=get_by_key" "992e4244874ffec4af083cdeb58040420320f63ac6a3f7526c81d963fa4e53d6" %!q(int64=7389403)}
 - /MAAS/api/1.0/nodes/node-995e00b4-1fe9-11e4-a6a3-00137273b6ca/
Waiting for address
Attempting to connect to eej3n.maas:22
Attempting to connect to 192.168.2.142:22


Try:

sed 's/\\n//g;s/\\//g'

You want to remove a literal \ followed by a literal n.  Consequently, the backslash has to be escaped in the first substitution.  By contrast, s/\n//g would remove newline characters.


Dual Boot Ubuntu and Windows on XPS 15 9500 with multiple hard drives

Dual Boot Ubuntu and Windows

Unplug the Windows SSD and install Ubuntu on it's own SSD. Make sure to install in the same BIOS/UEFI mode Windows was installed in.

Windows and Ubuntu can share NTFS and FAT32 partitions. Because of the SSD size go with NTFS. With Windows, FAT32 partitions are limited in size.

I prefer AHCI other users prefer RAID.

After setting up Ubuntu, plug in the Windows SSD, boot the Ubuntu SSD and run sudo update-grub to put Windows on the grub boot menu. Use Disks to select mount options for the shared partitions if necessary.


It's the computer that decides what can and cannot be done. On the same hardware, anything that's possible in one operating system is possible on the other, unless there are artificial obstacles. In fact, that's what operating systems are there to ensure. As long as you have Python installed on Windows, it can do anything Python can do on GNU+Linux. For almost all applications, you'll use libraries and those libraries can be programmed in other languages, like C, for efficiency.

There are two major differences between Windows and Ubuntu: 1) Ubuntu has built-in support for development in many, many languages. Because of this, everything is designed to be accessible using any language. A good example is Unity, in which everything is done over DBus, meaning that you can use any language to control the environment without having special libraries, though that makes it even easier. On Windows, you will have to install all the requirements manually before you can use the application, but then it works just as well.

2) Ubuntu is free software. This means that nobody has any incentive to say that a library should only be used on Ubuntu. Quite the contrary. The more developers using a library, the more valuable that library becomes. Windows is very different. Not only is it a proprietary operating system, owned by a single entity, but the development tools are also proprietary and sold by that entity. That means they have billions of incentives to make sure the developers write applications using libraries that cannot, or cannot easily, be used on other operating systems. Microsoft has shown som willingness to change, but they still have long ways to go before they can rest on their laurels.

In summary, if you develop on Ubuntu, your application will work on any desktop. You'll have to provide an installer if it should be used on Windows, but there are programs to automate that tasks. If your apps rely on direct system interaction, then you might need to adjust your code slightly, but it's no big deal. This will improve with time. For instance, we've already seen indicator services for Windows, which makes your AppIndicator written for Ubuntu, automatically appear as a Windows systray icon with no effort from the developer. We should have a generic solution for this. If your app depends on DBus for inter-process communication, then that will just work as well, since DBus has already been ported to Windows. We'll want a DesktopCouch service, etc. These are not technically difficult things to do, they just needs to be done, and they will be.

I would actually say that even if, as a developer, your main target is Windows, you should still develop that software on Ubuntu. Not only is it a very comfortable environment with all the tools you need, and a strong community to back you up, but it also ensures that you, as a developer, always have the freedom to expand your audience at any time, with minimal effort. I particularly, and very strongly, recommend using Python with GTK3.

Wow, I'm long winded. :)


Tata photon plus can not establish connection after photon's system upgrade

I also had the same problem but fortunately got a solution. Just follow the instructions given in the link "http://www.tatadocomo.com/downloads/dialers/dialup-internet-on-linux.pdf", and I believe, you would also succeed.


How to stop Album Art files from showing in a folder with songs?

You can use the find utility  to delete album covers in our music folders:

find /music_path -type f -name "*.jpg" -exec rm -f {} \;

Now to remove the "desktop.ini" and "Thumbs.db" files use:

find /music_path -type f -name "desktop.ini" -exec rm -f {} \;
find /music_path -type f -name "Thumbs.db" -exec rm -f {} \;

Tip:

You could use the even shorter version:

find /music_path -type f -name "*.jpg" -delete

find /music_path -type f -name "desktop.ini" -delete
find /music_path -type f -name "Thumbs.db" -delete

If you want also to remove the images tagged in the audio mp3 files you can use the eyeD3 application. Install it:

sudo apt-get install eyed3

Now you can remove those images:

eyeD3 --remove-images *.mp3

Take a look on man eyeD3

NAME
       eyeD3 - displays and manipulates id3-tags on mp3 files

       --remove-images
              Remove all image (APIC) frames from the tag.