Restoring Ubuntu 12.04 to install state (or reinstalling without GRUB)

Here is one method that might help,

1.Mount your partition:

sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt   (X=whichever sda number you're using)
Bind mount some other necessary stuff:

for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt$i"; done
chroot into your Ubuntu install:

sudo chroot /mnt

2.Time to update grub:

update-grub

3.Depending on your situation, you might have to reinstall grub: //if you got errors in the previous step

grub-install /dev/sda
update-grub

If everything worked without errors, then you're all set:

exit

sudo reboot


How about grepping for the device and pulling out the ID with sed?

xinput set-prop `xinput list | grep -i touchpad | sed -n 's/.*id=\([0-9]*\)\s.*/\1/p'` "libinput Natural Scrolling Enabled" 1

There may be a simpler way to do this but I'm not an expert on sed.


Luks2 on top of RAID5 not mounting correctly

Solved.  My own stupidity.

After struggling with this, I decided to do a more detailed log of the boot process by feeding the Linux command line a debug=2 parameter, and that did it.

The "luks2" parameter in the /etc/crypttab file should have been just "luks".  Opening the drive with cryptdisk_start gave no error at all, but it was enough to cause systemd to choke when it encountered it during the boot.  Mea culpa.


Feel free to use this as a reference to tinkering with Java at runtime.

Choosing your JRE

To choose your JRE, use

sudo update-alternatives --config java

This will give something like the following output.

  Selection    Path                                            Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java         1061      auto mode
* 1            /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java         1061      manual mode
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/jre/bin/java             63        manual mode
  3            /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1051      manual mode

You can then select which Java runtime you want through the number selection.

Choosing your JVM

Sun/Oracle have two JVM choices, -server and -client.
If you select the OpenJDK as your Java runtime environment you have additional options.

When you type java into the terminal with no other parameters, the help lists several optional VMs. I'm not sure which ones come with OpenJDK but 3 popular ones are JamVM, Zero and Cacao

To use these, simply type

java -jamvm 'your other parameters here'
java -cacao 'your other parameters here'
java -zero 'your other parameters here'
java -server 'your other parameters here

The -server VM is normally the default. You can also specify -client but in 64-bit IcedTea6 it appears to run the same version as -server.
There are most likely others but I find the default option to be the most responsive.

Setting your Memory

Finally, how to set the memory of Java (just because)

java -Xmx1024m -Xms128m 'your other parameters here'

This  limits the memory allowed for the Java program to a maximum of 1024 MB, and sets its initial memory size to 128 MB. This is a great way of defining minimum system requirements. The Java 6 man page for the java command describes these options and others.

That's all. If anyone has additional Java tweaks for Ubuntu then leave them in the comments and I'll add them.


12.04 LTS Installation Process Suddenly Stops

Instead of using Wubi (Ubuntu INSIDE Windows), install Ubuntu the standard way (in its own partition). See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GraphicalInstall

Your disk may be GPT, and Wubi is not compatible with GPT.


Problems about dual boot (Windows 7 Ice and Ubuntu)

There you go.

Typing ubuntu dual boot to Google is not so hard, is it? ;)


Depending on the hardware you have, there looks to be 3 different wireless card possibilities for your machine.  I would start there, figure out which manufacturer you have and then locate the wireless driver for Linux for it.  Once you locate the driver and install it you should be able to connect to your WAP/Router and be on your way.


How to clean var/cache/apt in a way that it leaves only the latest versions of each package

use the autoclean option to apt-get or aptitude
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo aptitude autoclean

From the man page

clean
clean clears out the local repository of retrieved package files.
It removes everything but the lock file from /var/cache/apt/archives/ and /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/.
autoclean
Like clean, autoclean clears out the local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it growing out of control.


SSH : connect to host 192.xx port 22: connection refused

The issue was mainly the basic requirement for a LAN connection between 2 PC. PC1 too need a static IP just as PC2. I had to fix that in PC1 LAN adapter.

Once we do that, all we need to is connect the LAN cable between PCs and shared folders will be available.


The latest ntfs-3g driver can be found here in tarball format and can be compiled and run on Ubuntu using this Q&A.

As you didn't mention your Ubuntu version, and there are no PPAs that currently support 2014.2.15AR.3. you have two possibilities:

it is the standard package in the 15.04 experimental version, (not recommended for production as this is not a stable version)
wait for the 16.04 LTS version


script launched from udev rule not displayed in terminal?

First of all why don't you see output? As pointed out by  Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy in the comments, scripts started by udev "don't inherit all the same environment variables, which means they have no way of knowing where and which GUI session you are running." In simpler terms, udev is ignorant when it comes to your desktop GUI.

I currently do something similar to what you've asked for USB devices that are plugged into my system. For an application I'm running, I need to know if the USB has a valid serial number. Anyway, here's how I made it happen.

Overview:

I start a helper script that creates a named pipe and watches that named pipe for "messages" traveling across it.
I have udev configured to "send messages" (write lines) to my named pipe (in my case USB sn and partition info).
My helper script sees each line of text come in and I use notify-send to dump the message on my screen in the form of a notification.

If you just want to see it in a terminal window, you could tell your helper script to simply echo text from the named pipe in the terminal window.

Sample code:

#!/bin/bash
#This script should be called once without an argument to get it running in a "service" mode
#Successive calls to this script by UDEV sould pass a string as the first argument.
#   These strings will then be displayed in the window running in service mode.

pipe=/tmp/messages

if [ "$1" == "" ]; then

    [ ! -e  "$pipe" ] && mkfifo "$pipe"

    while true # this loop continuously reads new lines and echos them
    do
        line=$(cat "$pipe")
        echo "$line"
    done
fi

# you won't reach this line unless you call this script with one argument
echo "$1" >> "$pipe"

Running this script:

Save the above in a file /tmp/sample_script.sh (will be deleted on reboot)
Make the script executable chmod +x /tmp/sample_script.sh
Call the script to get it running in service mode (ie. without any arguments) /tmp/sample_script.sh
From another terminal window/script/udev, run /tmp/sample_script.sh "message to send" (notice we're passing the string argument, "message to send", here)
Look back at the service window, and you'll see that the string, "message to send", has appeared in the window.

When running the script from udev, you won't be able to get the second instance to output anything on the screen directly without redirecting it through the named pipe because your udev script is called from an environment that is completely separate from the environment your GUI is running in. The named pipe created in the script and utilized in both environments acts like a bridge between the two, allowing you to pass information from the udev environment to the GUI environment you're looking at.


Appending code/text in previous console output to display status

printf and overwriting with carriage return

This type of "magic" can be done via printf and carriage return "\r" to overwrite existing output.  However, you will have to be conscious for consecutive lines. Observe this example:

#!/bin/bash

string="[  ] pinging google.com "

printf "%s" "$string"

if ping -c 4 -q google.com > /dev/null
then
    printf "\r[OK"
    printf "\n\n"
fi

Notice how we have the "status" string print first, then we use carriage return to jump back to the beginning and overwrite first 3 characters with "[OK" string. The following two newlines is just example of what you'd want to do to move the script onwards and print more lines. As for the if command ; then . . . fi , this is simple structure which executes body of if statement conditionally , depending on command output.

Disadvantage of this approach is that if you don't match the character lengths of what you're printing, then it might show through.

$ printf "Hello\rcat\n"
catlo

Slightly better approach: clearing the line with escape code

We can take advantage of ANSI escape code for clearing line (in this case, in octal \033[2K ) for getting rid of what we previously had on the line. This has advantage of not running out in the issue of matching/not-matching length of what you print when you reset the cursor back to the beginning.

Here's an example, with added UTF-8 characters for check and cross-mark

#!/bin/bash

string="[ ] pinging google.com "
printf "%s" "$string"

if ping -c 4 -q google.com > /dev/null
then
    # clear previous line, add UTF checkmar to string
    printf "\r%b" "\033[2K"
    string="[\U2713] pinging google.com "
else
    # clear previous line, add UTF checkmar to string
    printf "\r%b" "\033[2K"
    string="[\U274C] pinging google.com "
fi
printf "%b" "$string"


Go to the following site:

http://software.canon-europe.com/products/0010366.asp

then choose the OS (in your case I am assuming you are using Ubuntu, if yes then you can choose Linux) then select your preferred language and click on submit.

Based on your Ubuntu installation choose either 32bit Deb or 64Bit Deb.


Ubuntu 20.04 PCIe Bus error severity=corrected

Incomplete answer... edits forthcoming...
nomsi
In your GRUB edits, pci=noamsi should be pci=nomsi... but we'll temporarily remove both pci= statements for now.
BIOS
You have BIOS version F.53.
To determine if there's a newer BIOS, I need the exact make/model # of your computer.

vm.swappiness
With only 8G RAM and 4G swap, vm.swappiness=10 is totally wrong.
Set vm.swappiness=60 (based on 8G RAM and 4G SWAP), this way...
sudo -H gedit /etc/sysctl.conf # edit this file
Search for an existing vm.swappiness= entry...
CTRL+f vm.swappiness

If found, edit it to say vm.swappiness=60

If not found, add vm.swappiness=60 at the end of the file

Save your edits and quit gedit
sudo sysctl -p

AER errors
AER errors are Advanced Error Reporting correctable errors on the PCIe bus.
From the initial information available, it appears that it might be this device:
Lite-On Technology Corporation Device 23f1

Do you recognize this device? Is it your NVMe SSD? Is this a laptop or desktop computer?
We MAY end up putting pci=noaer in your GRUB to circumvent these errors, but more information is required.


Command line tool for removing orphaned packages?

deborphan

Man page
The command deborphan itself will display a list
If you wish to see all the packages which aren't required you can run:

deborphan --guess-all

You do not need root privileges to use this tool, it reads the installed package lists and it won't remove any packages itself, merely tell you what it thinks you should remove

Installation

sudo apt-get install deborphan

Just for the those users that do not use command line: Ubuntu tweak tool is a graphical front end that also installs deborphan.


Dropbox should not have any problems using a symlinked "Dropbox folder".

Make sure the dropbox folder on your win partition is synced and uptodate.

dropbox stop
cd /home/$user/Dropbox
tar cvfz /home/$user/backup.tar.gz *
rm -R /home/$user/Dropbox
ln -s /pathtowindowspartition/User/Dropbox /home/$user/Dropbox
cd /home/$user/Dropbox
dropbox start


alt+shift can't be set to toggle language

I had the same problem after upgrading to Saucy.
Here's how  I fixed it.
First you need dconf-editor, so just install it by typing (in a terminal):
sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

After installed run it by typing
dconf-editor

In the new window browse to Desktop -> ibus -> General -> Hotkey
then change the next-engine & next-engine-in-menu values to something like this:
['Shift_L+Alt']

Close the window and go to the text entry settings.
They should now allow you to use Alt+Shift
if the above doesn't help, try this :
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:attente/1218322
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

then restart.


Open a terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T)

cd ~/Downloads
chmod +x ./SourceGuardian-10-Evaluation-Linux-x86_64-Install
./SourceGuardian-10-Evaluation-Linux-x86_64-Install


What is the command line for skype installation?

Since Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx), Skype is part of the Canonical partner repository. To install Skype first you need to add the Canonical Partner Repository. You can do this by running the command

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

Then install Skype via the Software-Center or via the Terminal.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install skype

It is highly recommended to use the package provided in the Canonical partner repository, not the one distributed from the Skype website, as the Skype website currently points users to the wrong package for 64-bit systems of Ubuntu 11.10 and above.

Refer to this community documentation for more details in case of any problems.


A "iSCSI initiator" (ESXi server) must have a "iSCSI target" (disk) that it can talk to.

In your case the "iSCSI target" is the "iSCSI gateway" in Ceph.

The configuration is in the documentation you mentioned under the menu "Configuring the iSCSI Target" in the URL below.

Ref.: http://docs.ceph.com/docs/mimic/rbd/iscsi-target-cli/


How should USB stick in Lion for 12.04 be formatted initially?

Welcome to Ask Ubuntu, lsemac!

You don't need to format the USB before recording the USB, just make an USB image and burn the IMG using Disk Utility. The drive will be formatted automatically.

If you want to install Ubuntu in a USB drive:

Download Ubuntu: 32 bits PC / 64 bits PC / Intel Mac
Follow the instructions at the Ubuntu website.

As it seems too difficult, I'm going to make a Python script which can simplify the process :)


How to reinstall ubuntu phone camera app?

Try the workaround provided here.
Open the terminal app on the phone (or alternatively connect to desktop and use adb) and run:
sudo mount -o remount,rw /
sudo apt-get install camera-app

Known issue
Two functioning camera icons in app menu, one updated, one stuck on old version (see comment #5 of this bug report) although not experienced by all the users who tried this solution (see comment #7 of the same bug report).


How are we able to run eclipse.exe in ubuntu?

Why we are setting export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME="/usr/lib/mozilla/" for eclipse? How this is related to eclipse?

This is for browser support. Eclipse uses browser to display web pages developed in it.

  What is $* doing in $ECLIPSE_HOME/eclipse $*

It is variable substitution. It is replaced with command-line script parameters during script execution. Also, $@ is used for this purpose.

  How are we able to run eclipse.exe in Ubuntu? I think $ECLIPSE_HOME/eclipse is running eclipse.exe

Exes are for Windows. In Linux, executable binary files usually don't have any extension (though it's possible to create and run files with any extension you like). Scripts have .sh extension and self-extracted archives often have .run extension. In fact, particular file is executable if it has execution bit which is a special attribute of the file. Read More...


Can't connect to ubuntu 14.04 from android using ssh

I tried again and now I can connect to my laptop from my phone using ssh. Most probably there was a network problem.


How To Replace Deleted File Bytes With Random Bytes

Bleachbit "wipes free disk space (to hide previously deleted files for privacy and to improve compression of images)" according to the description in the Ubuntu Apps Directory so that might be useful.


USB Soundcard resets when no sound is played

How are you?

Do you try with ACPITOOL?

use acpitool -w to determine the available wake-up level for the USB controller.

Running this on my system shows S1 for the USB controllers:

$ acpitool -w
   Device   S-state   Status   Sysfs node

LID      S3    *enabled
PBTN     S4    *enabled
PCI0     S3    *disabled  no-bus:pci0000:00
USB0     S1    *disabled  pci:0000:00:1d.0
USB1     S1    *disabled  pci:0000:00:1d.1
USB2     S1    *disabled  pci:0000:00:1d.2
USB3     S1    *disabled  pci:0000:00:1d.7
MODM     S3    *disabled
PCIE     S4    *disabled  pci:0000:00:1e.0

To disable it after you have booted, you can try

echo 1 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/your-USB-device/power/autosuspend

echo "on" > /sys/bus/usb/devices/your-USB-device/power/level

Give it a try... anything else, let me know. Be care.


stuck on boot - macbook pro 2011 - faulty AMD gpu

Been there! This "_" means that you have booted linux, but looking at a wrong display. Xserver is configured for now absent dGPU. You can switch to another terminal with some Alt+Ctrl+Shift+Fn[1-6] (I cannot remember the exact Ctrl-Shift thingy, and had to use USB PC keyboard), but only in text mode. Than you can debug display config, OR you can
Try disabling PCIe GPU entirely in grub.
Hit 'e' during GRUB select, find a string with insmod gzio and type in the following strings above it:
   outb 0x728 1
   outb 0x710 2
   outb 0x740 2
   outb 0x750 0

Press  Fn+F10 to boot.
If it boots successfully, modify grub permanently as in this tutorial: https://www.variadic.xyz/2020/06/15/ubuntu-2011mbp/.


How to control fan speed in Dell Inspiron 5010 (15R)?

So doing the research on this, it looks like the way to control the fan is to issue the following command:

i8kctl fan R L

Where R is the right fan mode and L is the left fan mode. The modes are as follows:

0  turn the fan off
1  set low speed
2  set high speed
-  don't change the state of this fan

You should install sensors-applet which contains an applet you can add to your gnome panel. This keeps track of the temperature of your cpu and system and you should certainly keep a track on it if you are going to change the fan speed. Once you've got the applet installed, you just have to right click on your gnome panel and click Add to panel... look down the list for Hardware Sensors Applet


Broken Again - Unable to install R 3.5.0 in Ubuntu Bionic Beaver (18.04)

Either the instructions you followed are wrong, or you made a mistake, in either case you did something that you shouldn't have.

The second add-apt-repository command you entered is incorrect and wrong.  bionic-backports is a software repository in the Ubuntu repositories, not the R Project cloud repository.  This is the basis for that 404 error, so you will need to go into /etc/apt/sources.list and find where that line got added, and either remove that line or comment it out.  (My suggestion is to just remove the line since it won't ever work)

Further, the bionic-backports repository should already be enabled by default (but set to a lower priority than the rest of the repositories).  You shouldn't have to do the add-apt-repository command at all.  If a backported version of software is needed, then the R installer(s) should be referring to a version of the software in the backports repo, and should automatically get installed.


As mentioned in the comment, you're running two different kernel flavours on the machines:

3.2.0-33-generic for 12.04.1 and  3.2.0-45-virtual for 12.04.2

generic is for general purpose hardware and the virtual is optimised for virtual machines. Specifically on the disk I/O part, I can imagine that a scheduler is of much less relevance as it won't be accessing raw disks, but virtual disks instead. The host operating system will have to reschedule it anyway when it writes to the physical disk.

Bottom line: you can't compare those two kernels.


How can I install Open Office on my Ubuntu 16.04 computer?

Libre was the one causing the issue. I thought I had removed it but there were still some remnants. To remove them, I used

sudo apt-get remove --purge libreoffice-common

and then tried the previous command again and it worked!


Where to find documentation about 12.04's X11 configuration?

I'd go to

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config

for the help you need.


The problem is in your BIOS settings. Your "Boot Order", which specifies the order in which the BIOS tries to boot from. The 1st device in your list doesn't respond, (and maybe devices 2 through N-1). This takes about 45 seconds. Then the BIOS tries device N (the right one) and boots. grub ensues.

There's a key F2 or F12 YMMV that you can hit during early boot (before the black screen) to access your Boot Order. Adjust it.


Bootable 12.04 USB drive failing due to "Filesystem cannot be mounted..." error?

Try disabling (U)EFI.

I'm now trying to install 12.04 on an OCZ 60GB drive from a USB stick, downloaded ISO was correct (I md5sumed it).

However, the installation fails saying that the disk is corrupt. The disk check within the installer menu also says there is a problem with a file. Installing 12.04 32bit from a DVD worked.


how to extract tar.7z files from command line?

Yes - the package p7zip / p7zip-full provides a command-line application to zip/unzip 7z files. The command is simply 7z.

You can combine a 7z / tar call using a pipe:

7z x -so yourfile.tar.7z | tar xf - -C target_dir

where target_dir is a already-existing directory.


Array manipulation in gsettings' set command

No, gsettings doesn't support any array operations except getting and setting the whole array.


You might want to try testdisk. Be sure to boot from Live CD to check your main disk.


Persistent Live USB/Storage: Fix default user issue after upgrade to 20.04

Persistent Live USB Upgrade FROM 18.04 to 20.04
A Persistent USB uses a filesystem extracted from the compressed  read only file filesystem.squashfs.
Any updates made to the persistent filesystem are kept in the casper-rw overlay file/partition, (sometimes called "writable"). The kernel used for running Ubuntu is part of filesystem.squashfs, and must be started before the casper-rw overlay is mounted.
In my experience the casper-rw/writable file/folder from Ubuntu does not work in previous versions and vice versa, (18.04 casper-rw does not work in 20.04).
A home-rw persistent file or partition, (if it exists), will work in other versions of Ubuntu. The home directory can also be copied to a fresh version of Ubuntu or to a Full USB install of Ubuntu, and save a lot of time upgrading the drive.
I am not quite sure what you got right now, but will give odds that it will not be stable.
I would suggest that you do a full install of Ubuntu to your USB and copy over the current home directory.
See: Use Ubuntu on external hard drive in 2 different devices?
Easy Full Install USB that Boots both BIOS and UEFI
How to Create a Full Install of Ubuntu 20.04 to USB Device Step by Step
Upgrade Persistent Flash Drive from 16.04 to 18.04


Please open Ubuntu software center and search for fglrx . Install Ati binary driver from there.

OR for better support

run the followings,

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install fglrx

Reboot to see.


The way of installing icons in Lubuntu is by going to Customize Look and Feel:

And these sets of icons are not file-browser-specific, they would be the same in all file browsers.

As icon sets come as deb files you might try an icon-set that contains the image for your file, extract the deb, replace the file related to what you want with the one you want instead, archive as tar.gz and than replace extension to deb, and install this deb.

But I am afraid I do not know how to do this specifically for the file type you mentioned, because I am not familiar with that file. But you should know more about that.

Also a problem might be the fact that these images in the deb file are svg, not png images.

Instead of trying all this, maybe you should consider that the best way to deal with your friend would be not to show him that Ubuntu can do the same things as Windows, but that it can do a lot more, only differently. For example changing all icons very easily.

Why bother to add single file-type icon when you can get unitary-style icon sets of superior quality?

For example these monochrome ones:

or

More HERE

You might find that an icon-set you like will also change the image of the type of file you talk about to something better than you had imagined.


I'm assuming that you have shared filed from a windows machine.

Try this guide http://www.7tutorials.com/how-access-windows-7-shared-folders-ubuntu
or Google windows share from ubuntu.

You should only need to point your file manger to //{IP of server}/{shared folder} //server01/share

Notice the \\ from windows is // in unix.


How do you export/move your home directory to another user?

If you don't care about already existing application settings of account B, you can copy the contents of /home/accounta with all hidden files and overwrite everything in /home/accountb, I guess. You can simply do that in a terminal: sudo cp -R /home/accounta/* /home/accountb/.

Else you'd have to sort everything by hand. I'd recommend to create a new folder in Account A (While being logged into Account A) and moving everything you need there. To see hidden files in Nautilus go to (no free translating) Edit→Settings→[ ] Show hidden files and backups and tick it. Then move it as above: sudo cp -R /home/accounta/new\ folder/* /home/accountb/.

Lastly, I think, you will have to take care of some file ownerships. I think that can be done only by executing sudo chown -R accountb /home/accountb && sudo chgroup -R accountb /home/accountb.

DISCLAIMER: I didn't look up any of this. To be sure, at least try every command without sudo and look for syntax errors etc.!


Conclusion

More details see the next section

It is important to consider the output of the commands like apt-cache package_name.
sudo dpkg -i --force-all deb_file is a great help when you need to force the installation of a package by any means
The reinstallation of a package sometimes can solve dependency problems that actually are no dependency problems.

Details

I can not determine what the exact cause of the problem was. The following output appears to have been the main problem. You can see that the installation candidate for libcgmanager0:i386 is version 0.24-0ubuntu7.5. But libcgmanager0 and libcgmanager0:i386 have to be exactly the same version.

% apt-cache policy libcgmanager0:i386 libcgmanager0
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libudev1 : Depends: libcgmanager0 but it is not going to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
libcgmanager0:i386:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 0.24-0ubuntu7.5
  Version table:
     0.39-2ubuntu2~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        100 http://gr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/main i386 Packages
     0.24-0ubuntu7.5 0
        500 http://gr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main i386 Packages
     0.24-0ubuntu7.1 0
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main i386 Packages
     0.24-0ubuntu5 0
        500 http://gr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
libcgmanager0:
  Installed: 0.39-2ubuntu2~ubuntu14.04.1
  Candidate: 0.39-2ubuntu2~ubuntu14.04.1
  Version table:
 *** 0.39-2ubuntu2~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        100 http://gr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     0.24-0ubuntu7.5 0
        500 http://gr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
     0.24-0ubuntu7.1 0
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
     0.24-0ubuntu5 0
        500 http://gr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages

For this reason we downloaded the package and manually forced the installation.

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/c/cgmanager/libcgmanager0_0.39-2ubuntu2~ubuntu14.04.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i libcgmanager0_0.39-2ubuntu2~ubuntu14.04.1_i386.deb

Whether the next steps were still necessary, I can not say exactly. I simply just list them ...

apt-get download libc6:i386
sudo dpkg -i --force-all libc6*i386.deb

And now we had

(Reading database ... 196730 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6.6_i386.deb ...
Unpacking libc6:i386 (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) over (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) ...
dpkg: libc6:i386: dependency problems, but configuring anyway as you requested:
 libc6:i386 depends on libgcc1.

Setting up libc6:i386 (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) ...
ig0killahr79@ig0killahr79-Inspiron-3537:~$ apt-get download libc6:i386; sudo dpkg -i --force-all libc6*i386.deb
(Reading database ... 196730 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6.6_i386.deb ...
Unpacking libc6:i386 (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) over (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) ...
dpkg: libc6:i386: dependency problems, but configuring anyway as you requested:
 libc6:i386 depends on libgcc1.

Setting up libc6:i386 (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) ...

Solved with

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgcc1

After a test with

sudo apt-get install -f

we got this

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.

Looks great and finally

% sudo apt-get install steam:i386
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
steam:i386 is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.


The auto indentation might not actually be what you think it is. It isn't "smart indentation;" it simply maintains the indentation on the next line. For example, if you were to have a line indented with four spaces, with auto indentation the next line will also have four spaces. Without auto indentation, the next line would return to the beginning.


Is libreoffice able to open all the word2007+mathtype documents totally correct?

libreoffice and openoffice are just clones separated due to policy reasons. But as far as word 07 is concerned, LO or OO may sometimes may not be so faithful in reproducing the exact same effect as in Word 07.

Some formatting mismatch you can always expect.


Finally updated laptop from Windows 10 to Ubuntu 18.04; the keyboard and mouse no longer works after getting to the lock screen

The same problem was reported yesterday:

5.0.0-21 kernel update causing desktop and mouse problems

At the same time a related kernel problem was reported:

Software Updater Kernel Update broke package manager - Cannot install linux-modules-extra-5.0.0-21-generic

Hopefully this will be fixed in the next Ubuntu kernel update 5.0.0-21 but in the meantime use kernel 5.0.0-20. If you want to avoid reinstalling Ubuntu you can manually install the previous Linux Mainline/Stable kernel with these instructions:

How to update kernel to the latest mainline version without any Distro-upgrade?

The kernel before 5.0.0-21 in Ubuntu Speak is 5.1.16 or 4.19.59 in Linux Speak. When looking at the mainline kernels the important thing to remember is the dates. Anything dated July 21-23 is new one with bugs, anything around July 14 is the previous version:


crossover install looking for cd but I installed with usb flash drive

Tried to simply plug the installation-USB-stick in, mount it(double click on the desktop icon that appears...can also be in the side-bar...you'll see the contents of your USB-Stick if mounted successful) and than execute the software-center and tried the installation again...if that works it is able to read the installation USB-stick based, "OS-disk".

If not or already tried out, you'll may have to get a disk-image...even if the PC don't reads it at boot, it normally reads it in the installed Linux system...otherwise I worked around that by using my USB-DVD-RW-drive or changing the internal one, to one from LG that has no problems with Linux disks.


Buzzing from my speakers when idle Lenovo Y410P

Not sure if this is your issue, but my Y410p with ubuntu 13.10 has this issue.
I get a high pitch noise if I have my keyboard backlight on low brightness.  If the keyboard backlight is off or on high no noise.   I use the fn+space to toggle it.


I had a similar issue. I'm not sure if this'll work for you as well, but I was able to fix it, by adding a GtkScrolledWindow with a GtkViewport that has a GtkBox within it. Sorta like this:

I hope that fixes the issue you are having.


I hope you are having a great morning/day/night.
So basically you are looking for to lock or suspend the operating system instead of blanking the screen.
What you can do is to try to replicate that manually first, to see if that will work.
Locking shortcut will be "Super+L" and the Suspend shortcut will be "Alt+Power Off"
When you establish what works best for your use case (Automatic suspend, dim the screen after a while) you can set up the power options to do that behavior after 15minutes (or any amount of time you prefer). If you decide for an automatic lock screen after a while, you can enable that in the Privacy Settings (which can be found under activities the easiest) under Screen Lock options.
Hope you are having fun and enjoying Ubuntu at least as much as I do!


How do I set the folders for Pictures, Desktop etc?

Ubuntu Tweak has a simple interface for accomplishing this. You can download it here.


Remove all lines that start with a hash from a list

You can use tell grep to read its patterns from a file - with the -v (invert) switch that should do what you want

fgrep -vf patternfile listfile

From man grep

   -f FILE, --file=FILE
          Obtain  patterns  from  FILE,  one  per  line.   The  empty file
          contains zero patterns, and therefore matches nothing.   (-f  is
          specified by POSIX.)


Send file as attachment not contents of file

You can use the command mutt for this purpose

mutt -s "Test mail" -a  /tmp/file.tar.gz -- you@domain.com < /tmp/mailmessage.txt

Where /tmp/file.tar.gz is the attachment and /tmp/mailmessage.txt is the content of mail


How to solve "cannot get hardware address" error , Ubuntu 16.04 32 bit

Kindly download new version of crclient from site and install on ubuntu 16.04

follow the below procedure it works
1) ./crclient -u username -i interfacename

for your problem it is
./crclient -u walid2 -i ens33

2) for logout you have to execute below command
./crclient -l username


Grub dont shows after windows 8.1 update

This question was also answered here and here

The problem is that the Windows installer doesn't know about Grub or any other OS's boot loaders, so it usually replaces it with the Windows boot loader. The Windows boot loader only knows how to boot Windows.

This page describes how to recover your grub bootloader.

The preferred (GUI) method:

use your Ubuntu CD and start a Live session (i.e. boot from the CD), or similarly boot from a Live USB.
Install and run Boot-Repair
Click "Recommended Repair"
Reboot your system.

Grub should now appear. If it doesn't, hold down Shift during the reboot and you should be able to choose between Linux & Windows.

If you prefer the use the command-line, that's way more involved, see the link.


Dual boot Windows 7, Ubuntu 14.04 - can not load Windows

The error says that the windows Boot Configuration is missing. To repair the Boot Configuration Data (BCD), you need to use the bootrec.exe tool from Windows Recovery Environment.

The Windows Recovery Environment can be loaded by booting from a Windows 7 disk. In case you don't have a disk, you can download one and use. Using it to recover your BCD doesn't affect your license (Look at the comments here).

How to run the Bootrec.exe tool:

To run the Bootrec.exe tool, first start the Windows RE:

Put the Windows Vista or Windows 7 media in the DVD drive, and then start the computer.
Press a key when you are prompted.
Select a language, a time, a currency, a keyboard, or an input method, and then click Next.
Click Repair your computer.
Select the operating system that you want to repair, and then click Next.
In the System Recovery Options dialog box, click Command Prompt.
Type Bootrec.exe, and then press Enter.

Bootrec.exe options:

/FixMbr
/FixBoot
/ScanOs
/RebuildBcd

This information has been taken from here.


For me if I use --prefix instead of -prefix it works fine, I had the same problem earlier notice the following:

  ./config –prefix=/opt/OpenSSL –openssldir=/opt/OpenSSL Operating
  system: x86_64-whatever-linux2

Failure!  build file wasn't produced.
Please read INSTALL and associated NOTES files.  You may also have to look over
your available compiler tool chain or change your configuration.

target already defined - linux-x86_64 (offending arg: –prefix=/opt/OpenSSL)

However, using:

  ./config -–prefix=/opt/OpenSSL/ -–openssldir=/opt/OpenSSL/

It works fine and produces:

Operating system: x86_64-whatever-linux2
Configuring OpenSSL version 1.1.1c (0x1010103fL) for linux-x86_64
Using os-specific seed configuration
Creating configdata.pm
Creating Makefile

**********************************************************************
***                                                                ***
***   OpenSSL has been successfully configured                     ***
***                                                                ***
***   If you encounter a problem while building, please open an    ***
***   issue on GitHub <https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues>  ***
***   and include the output from the following command:           ***
***                                                                ***
***       perl configdata.pm --dump                                ***
***                                                                ***
***   (If you are new to OpenSSL, you might want to consult the    ***
***   'Troubleshooting' section in the INSTALL file first)         ***
***                                                                ***
**********************************************************************

I hope this helps


Now, there is a LOT of Versions on Ubuntu. It's hard to choose.

I would recommend Ubuntu 12.04. It's supported, quite nice, and you can install programmes to set your style more.

The easier ways to install 12.04:

Stand-alone Installer: Basically Wubi, but it doesn't dual-boot. Quite Easy.

LiveCD: Just follow the steps!

USB Stick: Again, follow the steps!

Hope this helps!


w3m charset source_dump not working correctly

w3m -o accept_encoding=='*;q=0' -dump_source google.com


Overheating can be caused by inadequate ventilation (add an external fan), dirty and blocked air vents (clean thee hardware) and running a lot of programs at the same time. This can effect your battery, lead to shut downs, cause laptop to behave erratically, and eventually your laptop failing.


Restart process and direct it to right display via ssh

I run XBMC from lightdm, if XMBC crashes, it automatically restarts.

I followed the instructions from http://wiki.xbmc.org/index.php?title=Archive:HOW-TO:Install_XBMC_on_Ubuntu/with_AMD_GPU#Step_5a_.28optional.29:_Set_XBMC_to_start_automatically_.28works_on_lightdm_on_Ubuntu.2C_not_tested_on_Lubuntu_or_Xubuntu.29

sudo apt-get install lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter
sudo adduser xbmc video
sudo adduser xbmc audio

Auto start XBMC

edit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

[SeatDefaults]
autologin-user=xbmc
autologin-user-timeout=0
user-session=XBMC
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter

edit /usr/share/xsessions/XBMC.desktop

  [Desktop Entry] Name=XBMC Comment=This session will start XBMC Media
  Center Exec=xbmc-standalone TryExec=xbmc-standalone Type=Application


To install Swift on Ubuntu, you are going to have install a component called clang:
Go to the terminal and type:
sudo apt-get install clang

If you installed the Swift toolchain on Linux to a directory other than the system root, you will need to run the following command, using the actual path of your Swift installation:
export PATH=/path/to/Swift/usr/bin:"${PATH}"

You can verify that you are running the expected version of Swift by entering the swift command and passing the --version flag:
swift --version
 Apple Swift version 2.2-dev (LLVM ..., Clang ..., Swift ...)

The -dev suffix on the version number is used to indicate that it’s a development build, not a released version.


Running an executable file that exists in the same directory you are in, requires the use of ./ in the beginning of the filename.  In this case, the correct sytax to use in the terminal is:
./convert-py3k + Enter

There should be NO spaces between ./ and the filename.


Note application that uses IMAP protocol

There is a plugin for Thunderbird, specifically for iOS IMAP Notes:

https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/thunderbird/addon/ios-imap-notes/

Installation:

Download and save the file to your hard disk.
In Mozilla Thunderbird, open Add-ons from the Tools menu.
From the options button next to the add-on search field, select "Install Add-on From File..." and locate the downloaded add-on.


How to start xampp using sudo xampp command?

Please Use any single method, Both Methods are working correctly.

Method 1 : create symlink

You need to create xampp's symlink which will call /opt/lampp/xampp. To do that, run:
sudo ln -s /opt/lampp/xampp /usr/local/bin

This command will create xampp's symlink in /usr/local/bin folder.
Now terminal would be able to recognise xampp command as /opt/lampp/xampp.
You can run sudo xampp command now. :)

Method 2 : add command in shell file.

You need to create xampp's alias which will call /opt/lampp/xampp. To do that,
note : you can check your default shell using echo $SHELL command.
condition 1 : bash shell
nano .bashrc

add below line in bottom of .bashrc.

# Custom alias
alias xampp='sudo /opt/lampp/xampp'

then save it using Ctrl + s and Ctrl + x
now run below command :

source ~/.bashrc

You can run sudo xampp command now. :)

condition 2 : zsh shell
nano .zshrc

add below line in bottom of .zshrc.

# Custom alias
alias xampp='sudo /opt/lampp/xampp'

then save it using Ctrl + s  and Ctrl + x
now run below command :

source ~/.zshrc

You can run sudo xampp command now. :)

Output after using any of single method.


Method 1:

If you know (parts of) the name of the application, you can open the Dash by clicking on the Ubuntu icon in the top-left corner (or by pressing the Super key), then type the name and choose the application from the Applications search result (if there's only one result, you can directly press Enter to start it, else you can use the Tab key to step through the results):

Method 2:

Open the Dash by clicking on the Ubuntu icon in the top-left corner (or by pressing the Super key):

Now click on the More Apps icon to open the Dash's application view, which is called Application Lens. You are presented with expandable lists of:

Frequently used applications
All installed applications
Suggested applications you can download/install

In the top-right corner you see a drop-down menu, that allows you to filter the applications by various types (very much like the menu in the classic GNOME session allowed you to find types of applications). From there you can browse your applications and choose the one you want to start:

The Media Apps and Internet Apps items in the Dash are shortcuts that will directly show you only multimedia or internet applications.

Method 3:

Click on the Applications launcher item to go to the Application Lens from method 2:

You can also right-click the item to see its quicklist, which will directly bring you to the application type view in the Application Lens:


Can't log in in my user account - apache2 not start within 20 seconds - Ubuntu 14.04

have you used any of the virtual terminals? tty1 - tty6?

You can switch to them by pressing Ctrl + Alt + F1 through F6 (F7 takes you back to the graphical environment)

Can you log in using this method? If so it would be useful to check the logs for errors. please post comment for further info/help.

UPDATE 0: Hello there, first, while logged in on tty1 please execute the following command:

sudo tail -f /var/log/auth.log

second, while logged in on tty2 execute this other command:

sudo tail -f /var/log/Xorg.0.log

third, on tty3 execute this other command:

tail -f ${HOME}/.xsession-errors

If the file .xsession-errors exists then it already contains info on the problem you're having. Now change back to the graphical environment tty7 with Alt + F7 and attempt to login, then change back to tty1, tty2 and tty3 and check for any changes and/or error messages. Post any error messages back here!


trying to install LMMS from software center and i have this error

Remove any previous installed repository :

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:dobey/audiotools
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:kxstudio-debian/apps

then remove any lmms installed if you have :

sudo apt-get remove lmms

this remove any previous installed files of lmms. Then you can install from your software center with no problem.


Delete multiple lines from file when text is found

With the newer version of GNU sed (comes with Ubuntu), you can match the newlines literally:

sed -z 's/#Set environment variable\nexport [^\n]\+\n\n//g' file.txt

-z option will treat the lines of input files as terminated by ASCII NUL rather than newline, thus we can use \n to match the new lines
#Set environment variable\n will match the first line (with new line)
export [^\n]\+\n will match the second line starting with export
As the third line is blank simply \n will do
Then we replace the whole pattern matched with blank to keep the desired portion

In you want to overwrite the file with the modified content:

sed -zi.bak 's/#Set environment variable\nexport [^\n]\+\n\n//g' file.txt

The original file will be retained as file.txt.bak, if you don't want that just use sed -zi.

Here is a test:

$ cat file.txt
#Set environment variable
export NAME=value
#some text

#Set environment variable
export NAME=value

check
value

export some=value

#Set environment variable
export NAME=value

foo bar

$ sed -z 's/#Set environment variable\nexport [^\n]\+\n\n//g' file.txt
#Set environment variable
export NAME=value
#some text

check
value

export some=value

foo bar


dpkg-divert: error: rename involves overwriting error after upgrading from 16.04 to 16.10

Using the terminal, rename /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service to /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service.bak:

sudo mv /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service.bak

Proceed to run sudo apt upgrade again.

Hopefully no more systemd-shim errors should appear.

Rename the file back to what it was if you have any issues.


attaching an external device: udev, hal, dbus and ... mini-ubuntu

Note: This is my understanding of the chain with my experience in Ubuntu 16.04. So things may change. Also anyone may correct me if I got it wrong, please share reference if available.

kernel/linux → sysfs → udev → udisks2 → GVolumeMonitor → desktop-manager (usually, same as the file manager).

udisks2 is the first daemon to provide an API through DBUS. If you don't have it in the mini-ubuntu or not running, no auto-mount will happen. Like in Ubuntu server:

kernel/linux → sysfs → udev

Mounting is made manually.
OP commented about ISO/IEC 27037 Information technology -- Security techniques -- Guidelines for identification, collection, acquisition and preservation of digital evidence

  OK ... So, Ubuntu and Ubuntu-like O.S. (also if modified) are not an eligible system for Forensic Analysis. This is the truth, as you wrote, because it doesn't fit the standard qualifications required by a court.

  ...

  the suspect device has to be protected by any possible matadata changes ... and this is never guaranteed by Ubuntu 16.04, also if you manually disable the autorun and automount !! This is sure.

Well, I would say there is a conflict of interest here. Specially user desktop parts (udisks2, GVolumeMonitor & desktop-manager) they have different aims to make more unintended/auto and easy for user.

We shouldn't make assumption for tools prepared to general users (Like those coming from Free Desktop & Gnome projects), Even kernal may need some tuning.

Better to stick to OS's (same case for MS windows & MacOS) that built for Forensic Analysis specifically.

Guaranty! If you talking for professional use like in court, that is really a hard topic here. From the end, I couldn't find any post in Ubuntu official site that mention getting Ubuntu certified for ISO/IEC 27037.


Trying to install Ubuntu on a HP 15 Notebook?

I have the exact same laptop. These are namespace look up errors. Kernels earlier than 4.0 hid these errors.

It is one message per CPU. In the code for ACPI, they have this particular namespace written twice once in uppercase and once in lower case so one of the two errors.

They can be ignored. Leave ACPI on.

The default drivers for the Realtek wifi will not work. You need to get these from https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new


Installed server but track the desktop kernel

Yes. To install use:

sudo apt-get install linux-generic linux-restricted-modules

Then it will know to update both. Although your better off using the Server kernel if your just running a vanilla server install. It's better optimized.


What is the Ubuntu equivalent of the Windows Start Menu?

Equivalent of windows start menu in Ubuntu is Dash. Press Super key (AKA  key on a Windows-style keyboard) on the keyboard to open up dash. There you can search for installed applications, document, directories and also you can search for online materials (like games, musics, news, etc).

You can directly access the application lens by pressing Super+A (ie:  + A). Through that you can access installed, recently used applications.


lightdm-kde-greeter on multiseat do to let two simultaneous users login

It seems problem appears when updating packages and it is not meant to have on system both packages.

libpam-kwallet4 libpam-kwallet5

Solution is simple removing first one (obsolete). Simple as that.


Apt sources.list problem , packages not found?

The problem is with your software sources and specifically where you are trying to get them from, the first error gives you the clue.

Could not connect to archive.ubuntu.schoolnet.lk:80 (103.29.60.18). - connect (111: Connection refused)

Open Ubuntu Software Center -> Edit -> Software Sources.

Try changing your software sources to another server and updating.

The following screenshots will show you how this is done;

Click the dropdown arrow in the 'Download from' box

You can either select 'Main Server' (recommended) or 'Other'

If you select 'Other' it will then open another dialogue box which will give you more options and you can choose the best one for your location manually.

Select the server you wish to use then hit 'Choose server' then close out.
You can then type sudo apt-get update in a terminal and download the program.


gnome-software manager staying in RAM when closed xUbuntu 16.04

You should see a little icon in the top left corner or gnome software, click on it and select the Quit option to exit without keeping running in the background.

And yes indeed, gnome 3.20 is not officially supported by Ubuntu yet, looks like you added a third party repository.


How do I enable X at boot time so that the system boots not in text mode?

I was able to restore the default Ubuntu 16.10 settings after applying the commands from this post (sudo systemctl enable multi-user.target --force and sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target).

The solution is to run:

sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target

I was able to deduce it from running systemctl get-default on an unmodified Ubuntu.


How to disable Caps Lock through Shift key?

Neat idea.

This is probably what you want:

xmodmap -e "keycode 66 = Shift_Lock"

I don't use Xfce, but you should be able to do something with Settings > Session > Application Autostart.


Network being disabled after shutting computer

This is a bug that has been around for a while and has seemed to come back in 14.04.
Initially it was fixed in version 13.11.

The original bug report (which was confirmed fixed) can be found:
here on launchpad #1184262

The new bug report for this occurrence can be found:
here on launchpad #1252121

If you make your way through all the comments on both bug reports you'll be sure to find multiple solutions that work for some, and do not work for others.

Everyone has their own theory as to why this bug is happening.

The problem may possibly lie within the logind D-Bus object, where "PreparingForSleep" is still set to "true" after the suspend/resume cycle.


Preventing the dd command on extra drives

This is Linux, so it's easy. Type echo $PATH and find a directory that 1) you have write access to; and 2) it is earlier in the list than the directory you get from type -p dd. Put this file in that directory, called dd, and make it executable via chmod +x.

Here is the file:

----------------------------- cut here ---------------------------
#!/bin/bash
# try to prevent foot-shooting via dd - complain if if= or of= is mounted
debugmode=1
#
# either abort with a message or pass everything to the real dd
realdd="/usr/bin/dd"
if [ $debugmode = 1 ] ; then
    realdd="/bin/echo"
fi
if [ ! -x "$realdd" ] ; then
    echo "$0 cannot find the real dd at $realdd" >&2
    exit 255
fi

errors=0

function diskok () {
    # passed a parameter, if=... or of=...
    # if the argument to if= or of= is "WRONG", pull the plug
    param=$1;
    device="${param##?f=}"

# replace this with checks of your choice. I'm simply excluding any word in /etc/fstab

    if [[ $( grep -q "$device" /etc/fstab;echo $? ) = 0 ]]; then
    echo "Trying to dd a mounted device $param" >&2
    (( errors++ ))
    fi
}

laundry=""

# Re: Those tests for if and of. You can just do if [[ $1 = if=* ]] and if [[ $1 = of=* ]]. Or, better yet, use a case statement. –  muru 7 mins ago
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]] ; do
    case "$1" in
    if=*)
            diskok "$1" ;;
    of=*)
            diskok "$1" ;;
    esac
    laundry="$laundry $1"
    shift
done
if [ 0 -eq $errors ] ; then
    eval "$realdd $laundry"
else
    echo "Saved"
fi
----------------------------- cut here ---------------------------

When you have tested it sufficiently, change debugmode=1 to debugmode=0.

Here are my tests:

w3@aardvark:~(254)$ df
Filesystem        1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5         170416096  29962928 131773488  19% /
none                      4         0         4   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                1938252        12   1938240   1% /dev
tmpfs                390632      1104    389528   1% /run
none                   5120         0      5120   0% /run/lock
none                1953148       444   1952704   1% /run/shm
none                 102400        24    102376   1% /run/user
/dev/sda6         302248384 247234972  39637036  87% /home
/home/w3/.Private 302248384 247234972  39637036  87% /home/w3
/dev/sdb            3840544   1229408   2611136  33% /home/w3/mnt/CLIPZIP
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ dd bs=8293 if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sda5 of=/home
Trying to dd a mounted device if=/dev/sda
Trying to dd a mounted device of=/dev/sda5
Trying to dd a mounted device of=/home
Saved
w3@aardvark:~(254)$ dd bs=8293 if=/dev/sdaa of=/dev/sdaa5 of=/homae
bs=8293 if=/dev/sdaa of=/dev/sdaa5 of=/homae

Remember to change the test to the test you want.

Thanks to @muru for [[ and case


I've had similar issues with systemd-resolved (which is what Ubuntu 18.04 usually uses for name lookup). For me, the following entry in /etc/nsswitch.conf fixed those issues:

hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] dns


Running CRON job on Ubuntu server for SugarCRM

The line in the crontab just executes the command cd /var/www/crm; php -f cron.php > /dev/null 2>&1. What this command actually does is that, it changes the current working directory to /var/www/crm and tries to execute the cron.php file there using the php interpreter. The output and errors are redirected to /dev/null, ie, they're discarded.

If you want the emails to be sent, you have to check if the cron.php is actually having code to send emails and whether that code is getting executed.


Download the correct version for your system from lighttable.com.

Change directory to wherever the file is located. By default your browser will place it to your Downloads folder:

cd ~/Downloads

Unzip the archive. This will give you a folder called LightTable.
The wildcard '*' in the filename makes this command work for either the 32-bit or 64-bit downloads.

tar xzf LightTableLinux*.tar.gz
rm LightTableLinux*.tar.gz

Move the unzipped folder to '/opt'.

sudo mv LightTable/ /opt

Create a launcher file called 'light-table.desktop'

sudo nano /usr/share/applications/light-table.desktop

and put the following on it:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Light Table
GenericName=Text Editor
Exec=/opt/LightTable/LightTable
Terminal=false
Icon=/opt/LightTable/core/img/lticon.png
Type=Application
Categories=GTK;Utility;TextEditor;Application;IDE;Development;

Finally, create a symlink to enable calling Light Table from a terminal:

sudo ln -s /opt/LightTable/LightTable /usr/local/bin/light-table

Source: brandonrubin.me


rsnapshot push TO the server FROM the client

Rsnapshot is pull-based by design. The power of Rsnapshot lies in using hard links, and that only works for local file systems. (nfs could be used as it supports hard links, but not for instance sshfs).

In a push scenario, the best solution is to simply push to to a backup directory on the server using rsync, and then allow rsnapshot handle snapshotting from that directory, as it was designed to. Rsnapshot doesn't care if changes were introduced by an rsync or by saving a file.

In the rsnapshot FAQ there is a fancy solution that triggers rsnapshot after the rsync, but that could be overkill. Just running rsnapshot from its recular cron jobs works just as well.

An alternative solution is rdiff-backup, however this does not present a nice directory view of each snapshot and requires running commands to restore files, which may complicate fast restoring.


Mendeley Desktop won't install on ubuntu 16.04

I've just installed mendeley downloading te package directly from the website https://www.mendeley.com/download-mendeley-desktop/ubuntu/instructions/ , and open it with the software installation, or install it following  the installation steps for a Debian package. It works for me.


First use lsblk to find the device id of your old drive. It sill be something like sdb or sda. Now mount it at /home for eg:

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /home

Now using sudo blkid, note the uuid of your old drive (UUID will be a very long string such as an0246cg-2kb2-6e8f-ae26-2355691e325b)

Open /etc/fstab in your favorite editor, for eg: sudo nano /etc/fstab and add the following at the end.

UUID=<noted number from above>    /home    ext4    defaults   0  2

Make sure to edit, if necessary, the ext4 to match the file system in your old drive.


All the software sources from Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron are obsolete because Ubuntu 8.04 has reached End of Life. Open the terminal, edit /etc/apt/sources.list in nano, and delete all the software sources that have the string hardy appearing in them:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

The instructions for using nano editor are always found at the bottom of every page. The only two nano keyboard shortcuts that you need to know are Ctrl+O for WriteOut and Ctrl+X for Exit. When you are done editing /etc/apt/sources.list in nano press the keyboard combination Ctrl+O and after that press Enter to save the sources.list file. After that press the keyboard combination Ctrl+X to exit nano.

Then update the list of available software.

sudo apt-get update


What is the difference between default-jdk, ecj, gcj and openjdk?

default-jre
This is a simple package which depends on openjdk-7-jre (and so is basically equivalent to openjdk-7-jre) and default-jre-headless. It installs the "Standard Java or Java compatible Runtime", which is OpenJDK 7 JRE.

This package points to the Java runtime, or Java compatible runtime recommended for the i386 architecture, which is openjdk-7-jre for i386.

Package information
Package dependencies (saucy)
ecj
This is the "standalone Eclipse Java compiler". Installing it will not install Eclipse, as it is a standalone package (see dependencies link below). It contains "a standalone version of the Eclipse JDT compiler which is distributed as part of Eclipse" and is compatible with Java 1.3 through to 1.7.

This package provides a standalone version of the Eclipse JDT compiler which is distributed as part of Eclipse. It passes the JCK (Java Compatibility Kit) and is compatible with Java 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.7.

Package information
Package dependencies (saucy)
gcj-4.6-jdk
(gcj-4.7-jdk is the same but for Java 7)
This is a frontend to the GCC compiler to natively compile Java bytecode and source files.

GCJ is a front end to the GCC compiler which can natively compile both Java(tm) source and bytecode files. The compiler can also generate class files. Other java development tools from classpath are included in this package.
The package contains as well a collection of wrapper scripts and symlinks. It is meant to provide a Java-SDK-like interface to the GCJ tool set.

It was meant to be an open source alternative to the closed source Oracle Java compiler. It seems to be mostly obselete and outdated (not updated) now, see links below (particularly the last updates on the GCJ home page).
Package information
Is GNU's Java Compiler (GCJ) dead? - Stack Overflow
GCJ home page on gnu.org (Update: The link is gone now, but GCJ wiki is still available
openjdk-6-jdk
(openjdk-7-jdk is the same but for Java 7)
An open source version of the Java platform.
From the Wiki:

The primary goal of the OpenJDK project is to produce an open-source implementation of the Java SE Platform (6 and 7). This is the default version of Java that Ubuntu uses and is the easiest to install.

Package summary:

OpenJDK is a development environment for building applications,
applets, and components using the Java programming language.
The packages are built using the IcedTea build support and patches
from the IcedTea project.

Package information

Also, not mentioned in your question was Oracle Java (because it isn't in the default repos), which I'll list below for completeness
oracle-java7-installer
(package name from Web Up8 PPA, distributed by Oracle in .tar.gz)
The closed source 'official' implementation of Java by Oracle (previously Sun). Not hosted in the official repos due to licensing issues. It was made available by Web Up8 as a script which downloads and installs it for you.
How to install - Web Up8


NetworkAvailabilityChanged not working with mono

From vbforums, there are two possible answers, from jmcilhinney. One says:

I'm not 100% sure but I think it likely that that NetworkAvailabilityChanged event is presumably a wrapper for the NetworkChange.NetworkAvailabilityChanged event. The documentation for that event says:

The NetworkChange class raises NetworkAvailabilityChanged events when the availability of the network changes. The network is available when at least one network interface is marked "up" and is not a tunnel or loopback interface.

Presumably you have at least one non-tunnel or loopback network interface marked as "up", even when you unplug your network cable.

and the other:

My guess would be that it uses a Windows-specific API under the hood that is not available on Linux and either has no analogue or at least it hasn't been implemented in Mono.

There is also this question in StackOverflow that has no answer still. I was reading the source code of mono, trying to figure out this issue. Although it has a LinuxNetworkChange () function, I didn't saw what the problem is (and I'm not too familiarized with mono).
Either way, since you didn't say that the program was firing an error, it could be that it wasn't catch or mono doesn't listen at all for it. A more robust search lies ahead.


How to auto-start a program in a standalone session?

The first link you show already contain the line

dockx &

in the last Code frame, relative to ~/.compiz-session. I suppose editing this file as you like should solve the problem.


As @j0h references for anyone coming across this wanting to stick with Gnumeric here are some straightforward installation instructions: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/xsoft/gnumeric.html

I instead updated to version 5 of LibreOffice and it's non-linear optimization is working perfectly. Instructions here: http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2015/08/upgrade-libreoffice-5-0-ubuntu-linux-mint/


Win XP on VirtualBox not recognizing USB

I had this same issue, and even though my account is sudo, I still needed to do this to get access to my USB on the client machine.

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers your_user_name

That will hopefully fix the issue.


Is there a real photoshop competitor under Ubuntu?

Krita is a creative sketching and painting application based on Calligra technology.

Krita is a KDE program for sketching and painting, offering an end–to–end solution for creating digital painting files from scratch by masters.

sudo apt-get install krita

But for a note, you can't find anything same as Photoshop. Every application has its soul and its way of handling, so you have to learn how to deal with each application and not have to do things as you used to do before.

And Still for me I consider Gimp is a great alternative and maybe powerful than Adobe Photoshop


Yes it works pretty well for the majority of situations, that's what its Recommended Repair is aimed at.
In your case, GRUB seems ok, but your BIOS may be limited. I suggest you reinstall Xubuntu, but this time with a separate /boot partition at the start of your disk. See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition


VLC player automatically closed on suspend - Ubuntu 14.04

I also had problems with suspend after upgrading to 14.04. Upgrading to the latest mainline kernel fixed it.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/MainlineBuilds
http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14-trusty/

For i386

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14-trusty/linux-headers-3.14.0-031400_3.14.0-031400.201403310035_all.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14-trusty/linux-headers-3.14.0-031400-generic_3.14.0-031400.201403310035_i386.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14-trusty/linux-image-3.14.0-031400-generic_3.14.0-031400.201403310035_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i *.deb

If this does not fix it you could easily roll back to your old kernel by selecting on grub menu at boot time.


Can't get OpenJDK Java 7 Runtime to open 'minecraft.jar' file

Try starting it from the terminal instead using this method:

Open the terminal again Applications > Accessories > Terminal Enter the following commands, substituting 'minecraft_server' with the name of the folder you extracted the server to:

cd minecraft_server
java -Xms1G -Xmx1G -jar minecraft.jar nogui

Taken from http://www.minecraftwiki.net/wiki/Tutorials/Setting_up_a_server#Ubuntu


Hiding plus and dropdown icon Ubuntu 16.04 terminal

I don't believe there is a way, although there might be. I'm far more comfortable to suggest that you should check out some other terminal applications. Terminator is my favourite, it allows you to "split" a terminal with minimal borders and gives you 2 terminals in 1 window, makes everything look real nice. All have their advantages and disadvantages so do take the time to find one that suits your needs and pleases your eye.


You can rename the array in /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf. Just run (if you haven't done so already):
sudo mdadm -Es >> /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf

And then edit /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf and change the path from /dev/md/0 to /dev/md0.
Your raid5 array will now appear as /dev/md0 after rebooting your system.
You can then mount /dev/md0 to /mnt/nas:

Create the directory:
sudo mkdir /mnt/nas

Then edit /etc/fstab and add the following line (replace ext4 by the format you used):
/dev/md0           /mnt/data       ext4  defaults  0  0


Krusader: .txt file opened by Libreoffice5

How to force Krusader to use Ubuntu's file associations? contains 4 answers. I choose the "xdg-open %aCurrent%;" workaround. Very neat trick!


Check the requirements for running Windows 10.  It seems like it can't do what you are asking it to do.  For example, Windows 10 64bit requires 2GB or ram.  Since that is all you have, you can't give 1GB to Virtualbox.


How to change display's position from command line?

Try this:

xrandr --output eDPI1 --mode 1024x768 --pos 0x0 --rotate normal --output HDMI2 --mode 1366x768 --pos 1024x384 --rotate normal


Ubuntu 20.04 server installation on VirtualBox with Windows 10 Shared folder permission issue

My guess is that some folder under "/var/www/html/" does not have the 777 permission.
There are two ways of solving this, one by adding nginx to the vboxsf and the other by using mount options.
vboxsf group:
usermod -aG vboxsf nginx

Using /etc/fstab options:
magento2_vm_folder    /var/www/html     vboxsf    defaults,uid=<nginx uid>,gid=<nginx gid>,umask=0022    0    0

EDIT: If you're using PHP in FPM mode, you may need to substitute the nginx user for the PHP FPM user's info.


I have recently done something very similar. I erased the MBR of my hard disk. (Dont ask !!). Anyway, it was very easy to recover the lost partitions using a tool called testdisk.

sudo apt-get install testdisk

Run testdisk from the command line. I'm not in front of my main PC right now so I can't run it and give you exact instructions but I am sure a quick duckduckgo about will help you out in that regard.

In essence, you select the hard disk, analyse it, search for partitions, select the partition from the list and view the files (make sure they are what you expect), then write the new MBR.

Your using Gparted so you sound pretty clued up on linux, I am sure testdisk will be no challange for you.

Good luck !


is there a chance that malware will affect my windows partitions?

Yes

Some malware can delete or encrypt/ransom your entire system -- all partitions, including Windows, Ubuntu, and others.

It's unlikely that a virus will try to mount Windows partitions and infect your Windows install. There are several layers of protection to prevent that kind of intrusion, and the number of dual-boot systems is a bit low to justify such effort. Such malware is possible, but has not been seen in the wild.

Use good security habits, including proper backups and good reinstallation notes, to avoid becoming a very frustrated victim.


You can try to set charon to complain mode.

Do sudo aa-status to see if /usr/lib/ipsec/charon is in enforce mode. Set it to complain by doing
sudo aa-complain /usr/lib/ipsec/charon


How to create JPG file in RawTherapee without changing original RAW

An export doesn't change the original file. Therefore it's named Export. To check this

Create a copy of your RAW file
Open RawTherapee and export as JPG
Check the modification type of your copied RAW file via stat

Example

I create a new file named foo via touch and do some things.
Check the output of the command stat, especially Access, Modify and Change to become an idea

% touch foo
% stat foo
  File: ‘foo’
  Size: 0           Blocks: 16         IO Block: 4096   regular empty file
Device: 2eh/46d Inode: 393375      Links: 1
Access: (0664/-rw-rw-r--)  Uid: ( 1000/aboettger)   Gid: ( 1000/aboettger)
Access: 2015-08-26 14:09:33.747255155 +0200
Modify: 2015-08-26 14:09:33.747255155 +0200
Change: 2015-08-26 14:09:33.747255155 +0200
 Birth: -

% echo foobar > foo
% stat foo
  File: ‘foo’
  Size: 7           Blocks: 24         IO Block: 4096   regular file
Device: 2eh/46d Inode: 393375      Links: 1
Access: (0664/-rw-rw-r--)  Uid: ( 1000/aboettger)   Gid: ( 1000/aboettger)
Access: 2015-08-26 14:09:33.747255155 +0200
Modify: 2015-08-26 14:09:41.799215458 +0200
Change: 2015-08-26 14:09:41.799215458 +0200
 Birth: -

% less foo
% stat foo
  File: ‘foo’
  Size: 7           Blocks: 24         IO Block: 4096   regular file
Device: 2eh/46d Inode: 393375      Links: 1
Access: (0664/-rw-rw-r--)  Uid: ( 1000/aboettger)   Gid: ( 1000/aboettger)
Access: 2015-08-26 14:09:46.627191656 +0200
Modify: 2015-08-26 14:09:41.799215458 +0200
Change: 2015-08-26 14:09:41.799215458 +0200
 Birth: -


If you don't want to bother with for-loops in Bash, you might want to use the rename program:

rename "s/foo_//" *.txt

The first argument is the Perl expression defining the string replacement rule. In this case: [s]ubstitute "foo_" with "".

The second argument filters the files you want to rename.


Why can't I launch Deepin Software Center (on Ubuntu)?

Have you tried to run sudo deepin-software-center? Sometimes applications have odd ways to tell you that it needs root permissions to run right.


dual booting windows 7 and ubuntu on a hybrid ssd/hdd

It seems that you should install Windows 7 on the SSD (assuming you haven't already). Install Ubuntu (dual-boot) onto that disk. (Be sure to create a system image and recovery disk in case anything goes wrong.)

You should be able to use both storage HDDs as they are.

Hope this helps.


Restoring NVIDIA drivers from "older version of Ubuntu" to new version on disk? Both 12.04 on Sony Vaio

You can probably just remove the nvidia-current package which broke your system and then install the nvidia-173 package:

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current
sudo apt-get install nvidia-173


As far as I can tell, the issue is not one of setting your TeX distribution's binary directory (which, unless you have installed it to a non-standard location, should be /usr/bin anyway). Rather, it is because the Atom LaTeX package requires latexmk, which is not part of the texlive distribution.

So the solution appears to be to install the latexmk package, either using Software Center or from the terminal using sudo apt install latexmk. You should be able to leave the Atom LaTex package's Tex Path setting empty.


64 Bit Xubuntu on Full Software Raid 0 Using Mini.Iso

I have been going at it all wrong. The simplest way is to burn your Alternate install on the usb, run it, and when you have to partition the disk, just create one partitions for "/" and one partitions for swap. Repeat this for both disks, and you are done. Make sure to turn the Boot flag "on". The installer takes care of the rest


As Muzaffar suggests, you can change the 'Selected items' background color when customizing theme.

However some greens won't disappear only just because of this setting, some GTK+3 objects remain green.

I followed this post.

What you have to do is to copy /usr/share/themes/Ambiant-MATE to: ~/.themes/Ambiant-MATE (or an other theme, if you want, ex.: Radiant-MATE)

  Then inside these files:

  gtk-3.0/gtk-main.css
  gtk-3.0/settings.ini
  gtk-2.0/gtkrc

  Replace #87A752 (Ubuntu MATE's green) with #F17949 (Ubuntu's
  Orange), and re-log in for changes to take effect.

But it still wasn't enough for me, because progressbars and checkboxes remained green. Then I found the gtk-3.0/assets folder. There, I had to manually change the color of every single greenish asset with Gimp. I used the Hue-Saturation tool with the following parameters:

Hue: -50
Lightness: 6
Saturation: 68

This gave me brownish-orangish items, not quite like the modern default ubuntu orange, but much better than the mate-green. I think it's similar to the old color scheme from the ubuntu 8-era. If you play a bit with that numbers, you might get a better result.

Note: I'm using Ubuntu Mate 16.04 however it's very likely that it works for 15.10 as well

Update

I simply copied the assets from a normal Ubuntu 16.04 installation. Now, every single control looks the same as in Unity.

Here you can download both Ambiance and Radiance themes. You have to copy the gtk-3.0/assets folder.


Access internet over Wifi instead of ethernet

Managed to fix this, updated DNS to wifi adapter via Network Manager and it worked


Ubuntu cannot be booted from external hard disk on another computer

When you installed Ubuntu on the external HD your bootloader has probably been replaced with Grub and the Ubuntu entries where added. One of the entries boots Ubuntu (when HD is connected of course) in normal mode, the other entry start Ubuntu in rescue mode without graphical wrapper.

It's not suprising that Ubuntu won't load by default on an other computer. This bootloader doesn't know about Ubuntu on the external HD and therefore Ubuntu won't show up as option during boot. Now your system boots from (internal) HD. You can boot Ubuntu when you give your external HD a higher boot priority than your internal HD. You can set this in your BIOS.


My labtop dose not recognize the usb bootable flash to install Ubuntu 15.10 amd64

I found a video that shows the asnwer.here

simple, just press the esc key repeatedly after starting the system to show the boot choosing menu.


USB Input being lost, power saving configuration issue?

Have you tried plug them on other USB ports in this notebook?

Are them wired or wireless devices?

If wireless it could be low battery issue..


no compatible source was found for this media

Option 1:
Try sudo apt install libavcodec-extra
According to this answer:
Firefox html5 video support
Restart Firefox when you are done.

Option 2:
Installing GStreamer Multimedia Codecs


How to always boot into a CLI environment?

In the file /etc/default/grub make sure that the line starting with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=
contains the word "text", e.g. GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="nosplash text". Then run update-grub.
When you reboot, you should go to a login prompt. I've had my home server set up this way for a couple of years.

P.S. Have you looked at Webmin to administer your server? It's great.


Can switching to Ubuntu free up disk space?

Yes, Linux can be installed in a way that takes considerably less disk space than Windows. If you choose wisely (e.g. using a less resource-hungry desktop like Xfce which is the default for Xubuntu), it can even be faster because it will need less RAM, so it won't need to resort to swapping that much.
But... will it also do what you need your computer to do? If all you need are a browser (Firefox and/or Chrome), a desktop, a video player (VLC) etc., that's a clear "yes". If you are fine with using LibreOffice, great.
But if you need to use any dedicated Windows-only software (including, but not limited to, MS Office), you need to check out if there is a Linux equivalent that works well for you.
If you are into gaming, check out if there are Linux clients for your games.
You need to be aware that your existing Windows software will not run on Linux. There are some exceptions with using them with Wine or in a virtual machine (VirtualBox), but that can be very limiting, or it might not work at all; at the very minimum, it is additional work that requires some expertise on both sides (Linux and Windows) for setting up.
Linux is not Windows; you will have to keep that in mind. Many things work differently. Linux is not a drop-in replacement for Windows; it is a whole new world to explore, and you need to be willing to learn and to invest time.
If that all sounds good to you, why not get a live image, put it on a USB stick and start experimenting to see if you like it?


Run program from a shell script but behave as one process only?

You can use the exec command:

$ help exec
exec: exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments ...]] [redirection ...]
    Replace the shell with the given command.

    Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.
    ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND.  If COMMAND is not specified,
    any redirections take effect in the current shell.

    Options:
      -a name   pass NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND
      -c        execute COMMAND with an empty environment
      -l        place a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND

    If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless
    the shell option `execfail' is set.

    Exit Status:
    Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs.

Example:

user@host:~$ PS1="supershell$ "
supershell$ bash
user@host:~$ PS1="subshell$ "
subshell$ exec echo hello
hello
supershell$

As you can see, the subshell is replaced by echo.


How to fix the Google desktop logo in the notification area?

I had this issue too, but fpoehler ( http://ubuntuforums.org/member.php?u=1174921 ) solved it here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1466473&page=4 .

"
The themes that work should be the ones which have the same panel background as normal application windows. That's why the problem is not apparent there. However, newer themes often use a different color or a background image for the panel.

The fix is to apply the panel's properties (background color or background image) to GtkPlug widget class, which is not considered in most stock themes.

Steps:
1) Find out your panel's background color or the path to its background image (in case it has one).
For the color the hexadecimal value is needed (e.g. "#A1B2C3).
The image in most cases resides in /usr/share/themes/<Your_Theme's_Name>/gtk-2.0/ or a subfolder of that.

For Radiance theme it is

/usr/share/themes/Radiance/gtk-2.0/apps/img/panel.png

2) (In case there is a background image) copy the background image to your home folder (or a subfolder of your home folder).

3) Open (or create) the file named ".gtkrc-2.0" in your home folder.
4) Copy the following into the file:

style "GoogleDesktopIconFix" {
    # In case your panel has a background image, add this line
    bg_pixmap[NORMAL] = "subfolder/panel.png"     # replace "panel.png" with the actual file name or (relative) path

    #In case your panel has no background image, add this line
    bg[NORMAL] = "#000000"              # replace "#000000" with your color value
}
class "*oPlug"    style "GoogleDesktopIconFix"

5) Open a terminal and type
    Code:
    pkill gnome-panel
"

Results:
 (color)                                                  (Background)

ps.: if it doesn't work:
1) Change  class "*oPlug" for class "GtkPlug"
2) Put the "relative" path to the background (example: if I put the background image at "~/gdesk/panel.png" I had to put the path "gdesk/panel.png")


How to install Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0?

As an alternative to tranfer Excel data to a database server, I recommend to take a look at PHPExcel.


Yes, as noted in man find, the -delete action returns true if the file is successfully deleted so can be used like any other test

   -delete
          Delete files; true if removal succeeded.

So for example you can -print only those files that are deleted ex. given

$ find . -name 'hostname*'
./otherdir/hostname3
./otherdir/hostname2
./otherdir/hostname1
./hostname7
./hostname5
./hostname6

then

$ find . -name 'hostname*' -delete -print >deleted 2>not_deleted

results in

$ head *deleted
==> deleted <==
./hostname7
./hostname5
./hostname6

==> not_deleted <==
find: cannot delete ‘./otherdir/hostname3’: Permission denied
find: cannot delete ‘./otherdir/hostname2’: Permission denied
find: cannot delete ‘./otherdir/hostname1’: Permission denied


How to execute resolvconf without warning?

First of all that is a WARNING.
Here is the approach for your question
from the resolvconf man page:

Normally  the  resolvconf  program is run only by network interface configuration programs
such as ifup(8),  ifdown,  NetworkManager(8),  dhclient(8),  and  pppd(8);  and  by  local
nameservers  such  as  dnsmasq(8).  These programs obtain nameserver information from some
source and push it to resolvconf.
...
To  make  the  resolver  use  this  dynamically  generated resolver configuration file the
administrator   should   ensure   that   /etc/resolv.conf   is   a   symbolic   link    to
/run/resolvconf/resolv.conf.   This  link  is  normally  created  on  installation  of the
resolvconf package.  The link is never modified by the resolvconf program itself.  If  you
find  that  /etc/resolv.conf is not being updated, please check to make sure that the link
is intact.

So what you need to do in order to get rid of the WARNING is to recreate the symbolik link you have 2 options:

Either you recreate the symlink acording to man page with

rm -f /etc/resolv.conf # Delete actual file/symlink
ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf # recreate the symlink

You need to point to the correct file: /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf, not to /var/run/NetworkManager/resolv.conf.
Tell resolvconf not to show you WARNING using REPORT_ABSENT_SYMLINK
option:

echo 'REPORT_ABSENT_SYMLINK="no"' >> /etc/default/resolvconf


As per my understanding on this you can install Forever with NodeJs App.

npm install -g forever

forever start path/to/file/server.js

forever list

forever stop path/to/file/serverstopstart.sh or app name

To see more help

forever-service install --help

To use it with Cronjob:

touch serverstopstart.sh

Edit vi serverstopstart.sh and paste below entry:

forever stop path/to/file/server.js

forever start path/to/file/server.js

Save file

Open Crontab:

crontab -e

* */1 * * *  path/to/file/serverstopstart.sh

Save File

Give permission to file to execute it.

chmod +x path/to/file/serverstopstart.sh


I started having this problem after upgrading from 12.04 to 14.04. Tried purging / reinstalling xserver-xorg-input-synaptics, but the problem persisted. I decided to browse the available packages in Synaptic Package Manager, and found this:

xserver-xorg-input-synaptics-lts-trusty

I installed it alongside the other ("generic") package. Hopefully this fixes the issue.


You can go from 12.04 to 13.04 directly, but a flawless system would not be guaranteed, you might have issues of the device dropping WiFi signals and similar stuff. It'll be better if you update to 12.10 and from there to 13.04

The reason behind this is that the packaging scripts that come with every release have a great deal of conversion to do, converting old settings and formats into new and current formats. If you jump from a release to another, this'll become quite difficult for the script to manage.

That's why, by convention you can upgrade from one LTS version to another, in this case from 12.04 to 14.04, or from one release to the next release, i.e. 12.04->12.10->13.04.

Hope this helped.


Can Compiz prevent overlap with a specific application window?

I found out it isn't possible (Ubuntu 11.04). If that changes in time please let me know so I can edit this post.


You may have to download the latest Aptana Studio.

Here is how I did it.  I used the same commands as you did, with these exceptions:

Didn't install

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk libjpeg62 libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 git-core
sudo apt-get install libjpeg62 libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 git-core
Installed Chromium Browser
Downloaded and Installed Aptana Studio 3.4.2 the same way.
Double clicked on AptanaStudio3 under /opt/Aptana_Studio_3, and it works.


Does Ubuntu-GNOME 13.04 Contain Gnome Classic Session?

Ubuntu GNOME 13.04 won't have Gnome Classic (gnome-session-fallback) preinstalled.
But you will be able to install Gnome Classic using:

sudo apt-get install gnome-session-fallback

It will ship with GNOME Shell 3.6 only.


Should I do an upgrade with a doubtful internet connection?

I would not try to upgrade over internet if it is likely to drop, this would be likely to leave you with problems.

A better option would be to download and burn the iso and use that to upgrade from.

More information can be found here - How do I upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu?


Problems with mount command while mounting an image file

Use the following command, plus escape the whitespace:

mount -o loop /media/Video/Virtual\ Drives/file.iso /var/www/dest_folder

If i recall correctly you need the loop option, i have never tried it without that option.

Update:

Or add the following to /etc/fstab to automount on startup, since that is the thing you actually need.

/media/Video/Virtual\ Drives/file.iso /var/www/dest_folder iso9660 loop,ro,auto 0 0

hth


Questions on Installing Intel AC-3165 2.4Ghz Wifi Card on Ubuntu 16.04

I assume, by kernel 8, you refer to kernel version 4.8.

Your proposed device is covered by the driver iwlwifi since kernel version 4.1. It requires firmware which is included by default in the latest versions of the Ubuntu package linux-firmware.

This site suggests that the 3165 device requires iwlwifi-7265-16.ucode. https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi It is present in all recent versions of linux-firmware. Check to see if you have it:

ls /lib/firmware | grep 7265

Therefore, assuming that you have the firmware and you are running kernel version 4.8, your new device is plug and play.


How to use chrony to synchronize timestamp on two computers

the default config in chrony comes with most of this already, no need to change drift or logfile.
Your example pretty much looks like the section "Isolated networks" in man chrony.conf so there you can find more details.

The changes you need are all in /etc/chrony.conf afterwards restart the service via systemctl restart chrony.

In addition to the default config you only need:

a) on master:

# make it serve time even if it is not synced (as it can't reach out)
local stratum 8
# allow the IP of your peer to connect (subnet not specific IP)
allow 192.168.XX

b) on client:

# set the servers IP here to sync to it
server <IP> iburst
# remove the default servers in the config

The rest you had in your example is either already in the default configuration or doesn't fit your use case.
For example smoothtime will make the served time less jumpy, interesting as you have no high quality clock on your master. But if your use case just wants them the same no matter how jumpy, then this is actually not what you want.


from man lookup

The following flags are supported:

   -help
      Reports a short help message and exits.

   -write  Creates index files for the named files and exits. No
      startup file is read.

   -euc
      Sets the input and output encoding method to EUC (currently the default).  Exactly the same as the¡Èencoding euc¡Écommand.

   -jis
      Sets the input and output encoding method to JIS.  Exactly the same as the¡Èencoding jis¡Écommand.

   -sjis
      Sets the input and output encoding method to Shift-JIS.  Exactly the same as the¡Èencoding sjis¡Écommand.

   -v -version
      Prints the version string and exits.

   -norc
      Indicates that the startup file should not be read.

   -rc file
      The named file is used as the startup file, rather than the default¡È~/.lookup¡É.  It is an error for the file not to exist.

   -percent num
      When an index is built, letters that appear on more than num percent (default 50) of the lines are elided from the index.  The thought is  that  if  a  search
      will  have to check most of the lines in a file anyway, one may as well save the large amount of space in the index file needed to represent that information,
      and the time/space tradeoff shifts, as the indexing of oft-occurring letters provides a diminishing return.

      Smaller indexes can be made by using a smaller number.

   -noindex
      Indicates that any files loaded via the command line should not be loaded with any precomputed index, but recalculated on the fly

   -verbose
      Has metric tons of stats spewed whenever an index is created.

   -port ###
      For the (undocumented) server configuration only, tells which port to listen on.

There's no -f flag


Cannot connect to windows share using computer name

Finally found a solution to this after fiddling with some other things.

Install Winbind if it has not been installed:

sudo aptitude install winbind
Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf and change hosts: files dns to hosts: files wins dns.

You may after to restart your system after changing this.


I am not able to copy files into remote computer

The best way I found to transfer files between computer was to access your ubuntu computer by ssh from the windows computer.

To do this you can install in the windows computer winSCP or some similar software and use it to connect to your computer ip.

Remember that you must have port 22 open and you can use ifconfig to find out what is your IP.


Firewall Settings for Personal File Sharing

Or if you want to do it explicitly:

sudo ufw allow proto tcp to any port 135
sudo ufw allow proto udp to any port 137
sudo ufw allow proto udp to any port 138
sudo ufw allow proto tcp to any port 139
sudo ufw allow proto tcp to any port 445
sudo ufw allow proto udp to any port 5353

The first few five rules are Samba. The last is zeroconf to allow other machines on the network to tell your computer about them (it gets names, available resources, etc)


you have 2 options.

disable the global menu in unity. sudo apt-get remove appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-gtk appmenu-qt
in gnome tweak turn off the option  have file mangaer handle
desktop if you don't mind not having icons on the desktop.

then, log out and login. or hit alt+f2 and enter r to restart the shell.


Why are gnome apps not respecting button-layout?

It looks like you forgot a :. Try

'appmenu,shade,maximize,close:'


Ubuntu 12.04 dual monitors stay mirrored

It's not the same question but this answer did the trick for me


Wireless shows up and keeps asking for password

If you are able to change your wireless router's settings, examine the Channel Width and Mode.  I find that some network cards, particularly those with older chipsets, have trouble making and maintaining connections to routers with a Channel Width of 40MHz (or a router set to auto, which can adjust itself among multiple widths).  For me, the solution was to change Channel Width to 20MHz.


How to make a hotkey for a series of keyboard commands?

Install the xautomation
package (sudo apt-get install xautomation).  This provides the command xte which is used for simulating keyboard events.
Open up System ➜ Preferences ➜ Keyboard Shortcuts.
Click on Add and use the following code for the Command,

xte "keydown Control_L" "key s" "keyup Control_L" "keydown Alt_L" "key Tab" "keyup Alt_L" "key F5"

Use whatever you want for the Name and then click Apply.

Now click the right side of the new shortcut entry (where it says Disabled ) and hit

Alt+Shift+S.


My external hard drive won't mount. I am using Ubuntu 14.10

The third paragraph says NTFS is inconsistent, and tells you how to fix it with Windows. NTFS is a Microsoft secret that Linux can't fix.

Also see this answer.


The link http://listen.988.com.my/ does not open in RhythmBox as it contains HTML document with JavaScript player.

So I found other one on http://www.radioonline.my - http://starrfm.rastream.com/starrfm-988 .

I have added it to RhythmBox:

and it plays nice:


How to activate NVIDIA Graphics card on Dell Precision 5510, Kubuntu 16.04LTS?

Use sddm instead of lightdm. Sddm is the display manager used in recent versions of Kubutu.

sudo service sddm restart

You could also restart the PC which should have the same effect - the display manager will reload.
If you followed the instructions correctly the NVIDIA graphics card should work then.


Basic server build for practicing and learning linux on

You could use a free service like http://www.noip.com/ - you'll get free no-ip subdomains and you can run a little service on your Linux box that communicates with their servers and adjusts DNS records if they need to be changed.

I use it at home, it's great!

Edit: Another way you could do this could be to create a Virtual Machine on your Windows or Mac laptop using virtualbox - you can download it from https://www.virtualbox.org/.

Then, from inside the Virtual Machine, you could turn on SSH if you wanted to. You could then SSH to it from your laptop as if it were a server on the internet.


Why doesn't this bash script run as "sh runserver" recognize the "source" command?

sh doesn't run your script in bash but in dash which doesn't support source. Use . instead:
. odoo-venv/bin/activate

or run the script with bash:
/bin/bash runserver

See also a similar question on StackOverflow.


Sound not working for uid=1003 but working fine for uid=1000

To debug or resolve this, please try the following steps:

remove all users (including user 1000) from the groups audio, pulse, pulse-access then reboot (no user needs to be in these groups for audio!).
Is pulseaudio running? Watch out for errors when running the following in a terminal:

pulseaudio

log in to the Guest account. Does your guest user have sound?
From your affected user account issue the following command in a terminal:

mv ~/.pulse/ ~/.pulse.bak/  ## removes erroneous user audio settings
pulseaudio -k               ## restarts the sound server

Create a new test account to see if sound works there.
Do not run pulseaudio in system wide mode.
Is there an audio output sink at all? Read the output of the following command:

pacmd list-sinks

Remove all attached external sound devices including speakers, reboot and then plug them back in.
Further reading: Ubuntu Wiki: Audio


Updating packages when network access to standard repositories is blocked

You need to select different Ubuntu mirror that is not blacklisted in your college.

Change /etc/apt/sources.list like here:

deb http://mirror.fcaglp.unlp.edu.ar/ubuntu/ saucy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.fcaglp.unlp.edu.ar/ubuntu/ saucy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.fcaglp.unlp.edu.ar/ubuntu/ saucy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.fcaglp.unlp.edu.ar/ubuntu/ saucy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

Here is the list with plenty of Ubuntu mirrors. Choose what is best for you.