Won't boot to Unity or Cairo Dock on 13.04?

go to tty1 (ctrl+alt+f1), and open a terminal from there:
DISPLAY=:0 gnome-terminal

(the display might not be :0, to get the actual value, run "ps -ef | grep X" in the tty1, you should see it (it's either :0 or :1 or :2))

then go back to the desktop (ctrl+alt+f7), and launch whatever command you need (for instance, try to launch compiz --replace& or cairo-dock&)


What to do with "recompile with -fPIC" message

There is a ./configure option which might be the easiest way to solve the issue:

andrew@ilium~/source/ffmpeg_build/ffmpeg/ffmpeg$ ./configure --help | grep -i pic
--enable-pic             build position-independent code


None come to mind that are similar to Windows' "Preview powershell command". Then again, linux != windows and you'd be better served to not think of it in that sense.

My advice would be if you want to learn linux, ditch the gui entirely and if you don't know, then google it. If after searching and really doing your homework then ask. No whether or not you put it on bare metal or a vm is up to you. Ultimatley I see the program you are looking for as a crutch that will be hard to ditch in the future.


Is there a GUI program to securely delete files and folders?

If you want to have something similar to the nautilus context menu entry you can try with the extension: https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/nautilus-wipe/


Kernel Panic while booting Ubuntu 12.04 in Live USB

You should check the md5sum for the ISO you downloaded:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM

If you've got the same thing happening with two computers there's a good chance that the problem is that the ISO file got corrupted during download.

Chris


You have to create a launcher for it.

To do so, use a tool similar to alacarte. Search for your app *.exe and write wine in front of it.

So that the command in your new launcher is similar to:

wine /path/to/my/exe/file.exe

Once you create a desktop file, it will appear in the open with... menu.


Looking at its manpage and running the program on a directory, the program seems to do nothing on files with a low fragmentation count. It is recommended to calculate the fragmentation count by running the program with the -c option.

[ NG ] is the opposite of [ OK ] and stands for not good. You need to run the program with the -v option, it should then show you the fragmentation count before and after defrag as well as one of the following error messages form the source code in the event of an NG status:

#define NGMSG_EXT4          "Filesystem is not ext4 filesystem"
#define NGMSG_FILE_EXTENT   "Failed to get file extents"
#define NGMSG_FILE_INFO     "Failed to get file information"
#define NGMSG_FILE_OPEN     "Failed to open"
#define NGMSG_FILE_UNREG    "File is not regular file"
#define NGMSG_LOST_FOUND    "Can not process \"lost+found\""


How to remove snap from Ubuntu 18.04 (before and after install)?

To remove snap first you might want to remove all the snap programs to free up storage space. To do so here is a small script.

Press Ctrl Alt T to open terminal

Type the command
nano script.sh

Paste the contents to the script
#!/bin/sh
set -eu
snap list --all |
    while read snapname revision; do
        snap remove "$snapname" --revision="$revision"
    done

Save the script by pressing Ctrl x followed by Y and then Enter
5.Now, run the script using
bash script.sh

Afterwards, remove snap using
sudo apt autoremove --purge snapd


mysql client not found in ubuntu and I can't re-install it!

Try

 sudo apt-get install --reinstall mysql-client-core-5.5

This will install the package again.


Steam version or standalone version of games?

The performance increase would be minimal.  Steam isn't really that heavy on resources.

What I did was install e17 and run Steam from there.  That makes a big difference if you turn off all the effects on first load for your user compared to unity-3d session.

TF2 went from almost playable to plays well for me.


SSH configuration problems with Ubuntu 14.04

Flipping these entries around seems to do the trick.

host *
        PasswordAuthentication no
        ForwardAgent yes

this was in my ~/.ssh/config  file.


How open *.sh *.py files in terminal Ubuntu 13.04?

By default the new file manager, called Files, will only show you those files in the text editor.

In order to change this you need to open your File Manager Preferences window. In the image you can see the behavior options regarding executable text files. Set the option to "Ask each time" and the old behavior will be restored.


bash: /home/rathin/.profile:: No such file or directory while trying to reload it via "source ~/.profile" after editing it through "vi ~/.profile"

Get rid of the first line in that file. It reads

~/.profile: ...

and bash tries to execute this file, the name of which ends with a :. That file does not exist, so bash complains, note the double: in the error messsge.


So, by far the best solution I could find for Ubuntu 14.04LTS and later is the software called GTK Youtube Viewer it has rich set of features and the ability to login to Youtube account.

To install GTK Youtube Viewer:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install youtube-viewer

It reproduces all videos despite of new Google restrictions on Vevo etc. Also I did a few tweaks to it, by default it uses mplayer engine so you can substitute any front-end player that uses mplayer engine just to get a nice GUI. This is how you can do it: in Youtube Viewer navigate to "Menu" --> "Preferences", you'll get a script opened, find these lines:

video_player_selected      => "mplayer",
video_players              => {
                            mplayer => {
                              arg   => "-prefer-ipv4 -really-quiet-cache %d -cache-min %d",
                              audio => "-audiofile *AUDIO*",
                              cmd   => "/usr/bin/mplayer",
                              fs    => "-fs",
                              srt   => "-sub *SUB*",
                            },
                            mpv => {
                              arg   => "--really-quiet",

then simply change the line:

cmd   => "/usr/bin/mplayer",

to e.g.:

cmd   => "/usr/bin/smplayer",

Next open SMPlayer and navigate to "SMPlayer Preferences" --> "Network" tab and put the marks at Enable Youtube internal support and Enable MPV's support for streaming sites that's it. Now go back to Youtube Viewer and click on any video it will launch it with SMPlayer.

Edit

A small fix/improvement when using SMPlayer if you want to avoid breaking a link into threads when clicking on the video to play remove this argument line from mplayer section:

arg   => "-prefer-ipv4 -really-quiet -cache %d -cache-min %d",


If the package ubuntu-restricted-extras is not shown in the Ubuntu Software Center, it could be because you have not updated your application database or repositories. Try using the following from the terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

I'm not sure, but if you are on Ubuntu and go to this page the Ubuntu Software Center should open, and show the package ready to install.
If you want to use a GUI application to install packages, you could use Synaptic Package Manager which you can find in the Ubuntu Software Center


How can I set up muti-booting via GRUB on a USB with a different OS?

YUMI – Multiboot USB Creator
XBOOT – Multiboot ISO USB Creator (Windows)
SARDU – Multiboot USB Creator (Windows)

http://www.pendrivelinux.com/multiboot-create-a-multiboot-usb-from-linux/


Nvidia Driver outdated, will the PPA help? And what's a PPA?

Personal Package Archives (PPA) allow you to upload Ubuntu source
  packages to be built and published as an apt repository by Launchpad.
  You can find out more about PPAs and how to use them in our help page.

In other words PPA's are maintained by the community and for the user it is more simple to install from a PPA and to keep it updated then it would be to do all the packaging and installing himself.

Now if you want to have stable Nvidia drivers you should:

Press Control+Alt+T (to open a terminal) and run this commands one by one:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

I have type dist-upgrade since you said you already have the Nvidia driver installed, if you don't instead of the last command just type:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current


Geany 1.32 What happend to the open file by typing the Location

I use the VTE (embeded terminal) to open file(s) easily :

hit <f4> to get focus on the VTE
type :

geany path/to/directory/with/files/inside/*
or geany path/to/file.ext (use ″tab` like in a standard terminal to complete path)

hit <f2> to go back to editor : file(s) are now open in tab(s)

Easy & fast !


Keep file permissions on dhcpd.leases after reboot on Linux

Your problem is probably the user used to run dhcp: the file is owned by root:root but dhcpd is likely running as dhcpd:dhcpd. If so
/usr/sbin/dhcpd -f -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -user dhcpd -group dhcpd --no-pid

could be changed to
/usr/sbin/dhcpd -f -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -user root -group root --no-pid

to match the owner:group of /var/lib/dhcp.

If not: a better method than chmod 777 would be to change ownership of /var/lib/dhcpd to the dhcpd user. So sudo chown -R dhcpd:dhcpd /var/lib/dhcp every time after the deamon is started.
I also would consider it a bug if this is the issue. edit: Redhat fixed it in 2012.

Also important: the manual states the file is cleaned AUTOMATICALLY.

In order to prevent the lease database from growing without bound, the file is rewritten from time to time. First, a temporary lease database is created and all known leases are dumped to it. Then, the old lease database is renamed /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases~. Finally, the newly written lease database is moved into place

The conf has a lease time:
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;

Lowering those might fix your issue quicker.

How can we permanently change the file permissions so that they aren't reverted when the system reboots?

It is not the reboot; it is the start of the daemon.


matlab installation problem from sotware centre on ubuntu 13.04

From the software center:

  This package does not provide MATLAB. Instead, it configures an
  existing MATLAB installation to integrate more confortably in a Debian
  installation.


How to backup settings and list of installed packages

Programs

A quick way of backing up a list of programs is to run this:

dpkg --get-selections > ~/Package.list
sudo cp -R /etc/apt/sources.list* ~/
sudo apt-key exportall > ~/Repo.keys

It will back them up in a format that dpkg can read* for after your reinstall, like this:

sudo apt-key add ~/Repo.keys
sudo cp -R ~/sources.list* /etc/apt/
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dselect
sudo dselect update
sudo dpkg --set-selections < ~/Package.list
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade -y

* You may have to update dpkg's list of available packages or it will just ignore your selections (see this debian bug for more info). You should do this before sudo dpkg --set-selections < ~/Package.list, like this:

apt-cache dumpavail > ~/temp_avail
sudo dpkg --merge-avail ~/temp_avail
rm ~/temp_avail

Settings and Personal Data

Before you reinstall, you should probably back up the settings from some of your programs, this can easily be done by grabbing folders from /etc and all the content from your user directory (not just the stuff you can see in nautilus!):

rsync --progress /home/`whoami` /path/to/user/profile/backup/here

After you reinstall, you can restore it with:

rsync --progress /path/to/user/profile/backup/here /home/`whoami`

So all together as a pseudo-bash script.

This assumes there is only one user on the machine (remove /'whoami' otherwise) and that you used the same username on both installs (modify dest. of rsync otherwise).

dpkg --get-selections > ~/Package.list
sudo cp -R /etc/apt/sources.list* ~/
sudo apt-key exportall > ~/Repo.keys
rsync --progress /home/`whoami` /path/to/user/profile/backup/here

##  Reinstall now

rsync --progress /path/to/user/profile/backup/here /home/`whoami`
sudo apt-key add ~/Repo.keys
sudo cp -R ~/sources.list* /etc/apt/
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dselect
sudo dpkg --set-selections < ~/Package.list
sudo dselect


Configuring Internet Access on Ubuntu v18.04

How did you choose the static IP that you set?
If your computer is not in the same subnet as the other machines on your network, it would not be able to communicate with them without a router in between.
Unless you have some unusual subnet masks, you'll need an IP in the 172.17.X.X range, but you'll have to make sure you don't take an IP that is being given out dynamically to something else.
A good resource for learning more about subnets can be found at https://www.cbtnuggets.com/blog/technology/networking/networking-basics-what-is-ipv4-subnetting


First install dependencies:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libqt4-dev libx11-6 libx11-dev

Download the .zip file from here

cd ~/Downloads
unzip Touchegg-gce-master.zip
cd Touchegg-gce-master
qmake
make && sudo make install

To launch touchegg-gce you have to go to that particular folder.

The binary is installed in /usr/local/bin, check your PATH. Or start via your Application Launcher, there is a desktop file in /usr/local/share/applications/touchegg-gce.desktop


Firewall wont let me through but I can copy the files using another machine

I'm not sure about apt-get but at least you can install the desired packages manually via dpkg. Though you will need to resolve all dependencies yourself.


Did you try to change the resolution using Display-Settings?

( System-settings   --->   Display )

What happens there?

Here are some suggestions:

Make sure you have installed all available updates.
If you can, install the latest version of Ubuntu, which is Ubuntu-11.10 or just wait a few more days and install the 12.04 LTS (Long Term Support) release. These releases are based on more recent versions of the Linux kernel which includes all hardware drivers. Using a more recent Linux-kernel might solve your problem.


How do I make sure that I have received a fix for a bug?

You can verify most of this through the changelog for the particular package. Each changelog is kept in

/usr/share/doc/<packagename>/changelog.Debian.gz

For example, you can view the changelog for firefox:

zless /usr/share/doc/firefox/changelog.Debian.gz

For Ubuntu-provided packages, each changelog entry should have the version number, the date it was released, and a list of bugs fixed but that particular version. If you're lucky, you may get a description of the fix too. Hopefully the owner of your PPA is providing this information as well, but that's not always guaranteed. If not, your only option might be to ask the PPA maintainer.

You can check which version of a package you are running by using dpkg:

dpkg -l <packagename>

If you want to get into the fine details, you can download the source for the package with:

apt-get source <packagename>

and inspect the code yourself.


You can install the Ubuntu Unity desktop environment alongside GNOME desktop environment.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

Log out - on login screen select Unity - log back in.
To change back to GNOME desktop environment :
Log out - on login screen select GNOME and log in.

Personal note :

After installation of Unity has finished, I recommend to perform a reboot of the Ubuntu system.


Speakers not recognized when microphone is plugged in

Installing and opening pavucontrol, I was able to configure the computer to use the speakers as an audio device. They still don't show up as a device in the normal sound settings, but Ubuntu is successfully using them to play music, and that has stayed the default over a few reboots. I think as long as I don't touch anything, it should work.

Still don't know why it's not showing up under Sound Settings, but at least it's working.


Mount cd, cd not found when Installing komplete vst on ubuntu

The iso is being detected by Ubuntu, but not by wine. To get it detected by wine do the following:

Right-click on the mounted partition then, goto properties.
See the path to your mounted iso. It should be something such as /mnt/path/to/.
Now, open wine, then, Applications -> Wine -> Configure Wine.
Under the Drivers tab, click Add.
Set path to /mnt/path/to/ as before.
Set type as cdrom.

Your iso should be detected by now.


Wubi keeps freezing. REISUB doesn't work. Any safe, easily undoable alternatives?

REISUB only works 95% of the time, the other 5% is when the kernel "breaks".
Try either updating or downgrading the latest kernel. If that doesn’t work, a reinstallation would probably fix it.
Install synaptic if you prefer a graphical way to remove/downgrade the kernel, or use apt-get to remove it.
Just make sure that no matter what you leave a kernel installed. Good luck.

Also partitioning is pretty easy to reverse for the most part, but it may seem scary for one who hasnt done it before. If you can have a friend sit with you who has done it successfully before, it may help alot. Just try to keep a Windows recovery disk.


Do not trust the bars... 5 full bars might be lots of noise and just 2 bars might be without noise. More about this here (is about Windows but same physics apply for Ubuntu). There is a better method: more /proc/net/wireless shows quality of the link, signal strength and noise level.

Example:

rinzwind@discworld:~$ more /proc/net/wireless
Inter-| sta-|   Quality        |   Discarded packets               | Missed | WE
 face | tus | link level noise |  nwid  crypt   frag  retry   misc | beacon | 22
 wlan0: 0000   57.  -53.  -256        0      0      0     34   1185        0

For each device, the following information is given:

Status : Its current state. This is a device dependent information.
Quality - link : general quality of the reception.
Quality - level : signal strength at the receiver.
Quality - noise : silence level (no packet) at the receiver.
Discarded - nwid : number of discarded packets due to invalid network id.
Discarded - crypt : number of packet unable to decrypt.
Discarded - misc : unused (for now).

A high value of Discarded - nwid packet might indicate a nwid configuration problem or an adjacent network. The Quality - level might help him to track shadow areas.
The basic difference between Quality - link and Quality - level is that the first indicate how good the reception is (for example the percentage of correctly received packets) and the second how strong the signal is. The Quality - level is some directly measurable data that is likely to have the same signification across devices.

Command iwspy (exampe sudo iwspy wlan0) can show command line results on your wireless but only if it supports promiscuous mode otherwise it will show "Interface doesn't support wireless statistic collection"

Now more related to the problem at hand ...

This https://superuser.com/questions/431523/improving-wifi-connections-in-linux states:

Use a program or iwlist to scan for other wireless networks and, if possible, set the frequency/channel of your router to be at least two channel numbers away from any neighboring networks
sens - sensitivity is very subjective and requires you to fiddle with it a lot
rts - setting this to auto helps
txpower - check your NIC to see what it's capable of, I've had good luck setting linksys/cisco NICs to 84mW

Also interesting: Wireless Internet Connection so slow after upgrade to 11.10


As for you original idea

/usr/bin/xautolock -locker 'gnome-screensaver-command -a' -time 10

This seems strange for me. Both xautolock and gnome-screensaver-command are X-applications and init runs them in a console. Eg. they will fail because you don't have DISPLAY. You should add it as a startup application instead either global or just in your user. Search Startupapplications in the dash to see and add for your user only.

I would have added full  path to the gnome-screensaver-command and remember to disable the original screeensaver.


I can't put my device to sleep(Ubuntu 18.04)

If you're dual booting maybe look at this

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2334278


Regolith - i3-wm - Background color of some text and some text colors messed up

After a lot of trying, I found the issue and solved it. In case anyone else has the same problem, here is how to fix it.
The reason for this behaviour is gtk3. To solve this, you need a light theme on your ubuntu (which is always part of the distribution). For the regular use, you can use a dark theme (like I do). If you want to change the theme for specific applications, you have to add a new alias in bash.bashrc. In my case I set it globally in /etc/bash.bashrc and put these lines at the end of the file:
alias seamonkey="GTK_THEME=Adwaita:light /opt/seamonkey/seamonkey"
alias gnucash="GTK_THEME=Adwaita:light /usr/bin/gnucash"

I identified the content of the commands via typing i.e. $ type gnucash resulting in gnucash is /usr/bin/gnucash. According to others I can "re-alias" the commands and don't need to know the content, but I wanted to be on the safe side.
The issue with the different behaviour of inkscape was simple. Inkscape let's you choose any gtk3-theme in the settings menu. It chooses the theme at first start and keeps it until switched manually. You can also choose "system standard" in this menu to bind it to the current theme.


I found a whole lot of posts talking about this kind of problem: it doesn't seems to be related to electrisheep but to gnome-screensaver itself.

I tried with some stock screensavers experiencing the same behaviour: I then installed XScreenSaver and it works like a charm (googling for how to use electricsheep with XScreenSaver it wasn't that hard...)

How-to:

open a terminal and sudo aptitude install xscreensaver electricsheep
open "startup applications", click "add" and put as a command xscreensaver -nosplash
open ~/.xscreensaver (gedit ~/.xscreensaver): at the bottom of the screensaver's list you'll have to add GL:               electricsheep --root 1              \n\
, otherwise you'll not be able to see it in xscreensaver
in a terminal or via ALT+F2 write  xscreensaver-demo to set it up: you can also manage your power saving settings
log out and log back in (or reboot)


I changed the value for post hotkey delay from 0 to 20. Now, when the machine starts, I can press F9 more easily. What was very annoying was indeed that if there was so little time to press the key it was really easy to fail and Windows would start, but now with 20 seconds it is more than enough.


How do you redirect the output of lynx to print only the last 20 lines of its output?

Use this in terminal,

lynx -dump /path/to/file_name.html | tail -n 20

It will give you last 20 lines of the output of lynx. If your html file name is names1990s.html and it is in your current directory, use

lynx -dump names1990s.html | tail -n 20


ubuntu 12.04 nvidia drivers updates includes drivers for AMD drivers?

If you have an nvidia card in your computer, you don't need this packages. You could either remove them from your system or update the packages, as you like.


I can't copy any file to a usb but I can copy from it to my drive

You found the error "The destination is read-only", and there is a solution.

When linux mounts Microsoft file systems, NTFS and FAT, the permissions are set when it is mounted. If you want everybody to be able to read and write, you can do it with the umask boot option according to the following command lines.

(assumption: the pendrive is seen as /dev/sdx, replace x with the actual drive
letter, for example b: /dev/sdx1 ---> /dev/sdb1)

Text after the # character is not read by the computer, it is a 'comment' only to explain to you.

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/sd1  # only if you want a new mountpoint
sudo umount /dev/sdx1   # only if already mounted (but with bad permissions)

sudo mount -o rw,users,umask=000 /dev/sdx1 /mnt/sd1  # mount

ls -ld /mnt/sd1                          # check permissions

sudo bash -c "echo 'Hello World' > /mnt/sd1/hello.txt"  # test writing with sudo
cat /mnt/sd1/hello.txt                   # test reading (as user)
ls -l /mnt/sd1                           # check permissions of the content
rm /mnt/sd1/hello.txt                    # test removing (as user)
echo 'I am a user' > /mnt/sd1/user.txt   # test writing (as user)


Plex Media Pretty sure its a rookie mistake but you never know.

If the media is being served up by Plex, it may be a permissions issue. This page gives a good overview of setting Linux permissions and how to address them in context of running Plex at the bottom of the page. Plex does not run as a root process, but under the user plex so whatever directory your media is stored in has to be accessible to plex.


How do I use Vaapi on intel hd 500 integrated graphics?

I think you should install two packages by
sudo apt-get install i965-va-driver libvdpau-va-gl1.


Can Totem play from last position only for videos?

From what I can see, no. You'd need to edit the source code and add the functionality yourself. Or you could put a feature request in gnome.org for totem


As suggested by @muru and @ike, the reason why I wasn't getting response from pinging my urls was because my hosting company blocks pings. Here is their answer:

Unfortunately, ping is not supported on our server. As you may be aware, Web servers come under attack by unscrupulous hackers from time to time. One of the attacks that hackers sometimes use is a Denial of Service attack, which is accomplished by sending millions of pings (routine system status requests) to a server over a short amount of time. This cripples the receiving machine, which spends all of its time responding to pings rather than doing its job like serving customer web pages.
To defend against these attacks, our server not return pings. The reports you are receiving from ping command do not reflect the availability of your Web site. Our server uptime levels have exceeded 99.999% over the past several months. In fact, it is in part because of our policy not to return pings that your Web site is performing as well as it is.
Many ISPs are resorting to this kind of strategy in order to maintain the level of service expected by their legitimate users.

I can only guess that the same reason is good for other pings not coming back.


Download/upload still going even though internet is gone

Even if you're not connected to the internet there will still be data sent from and to your wireless router. It's not from the internet but it's still data and system monitor will treat it as such.


The first few lines of man date give:

NAME
       date - print or set the system date and time

SYNOPSIS
       date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]


Setting up boot loader (ubuntu and Win7)

yes, not an expert on this but i'm assuming that the after plugging in both drives on your PC in order for you to be able to dual boot you only need update your Mbr or grub to reflect that you have two drives with boot-able Os plugged in order to do this I recommend you install Boot- Repair on your Linux Os and follow the tutorial provided by this link "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair" to add the drive to your Grub.


conky is the solution.

A beginner guide is here - http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=5436679#post5437628

To make it beautiful, You can search for themes in deviantart.


How to edit and install pre-installed Ambiance theme without unity tweak tool?

You can change the themes by using gsettings.

$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme "yourtheme name"

You can also type gsettings by itself to get details of usage.

You can use get to check your current settings.  If you use the get argument, you can't include a theme-name on that commandline.

$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme


Check the name of the partition:

sudo fdisk -l

If the name of the windows ntfs partition is for example sda3:

sudo mkdir /media/OS
sudo mount -t ntfs -o nls=utf8,umask=0222 /dev/sda3 /media/OS


your connection is not private NET::ERR_CERT_WEAK_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM

this issue is due to lack of certification in Chrome version 59.X in ubuntu 14.04

i solved it using,

sudo apt-get install libnss3-1d

simply install above package will fix this issue....


What you call "mapping" is called "mounting" in Linux-speak, and the file system used by Windows is called NTFS. There is a guide in the Ubuntu Community Wiki that helps you with every step along the way to getting your NTFS partitions mounted and ready to use:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MountingWindowsPartitions

As per comment from @Alexandre, here is a less comprehensive but more newbie-oriented guide that even uses a GUI tool to take care of the nitty-gritty details:

http://maketecheasier.com/auto-mount-your-ntfs-partition-in-ubuntu/2009/04/14


If you are going to use stack, you have to stop using cabal install <packae-name>. You could use stack install <packae-name> instead.

See:

Start your new project
Why is stack not cabal?


usage of disk freezes ubuntu for few seconds

Finally I solved it by uninstalling applications and deleting folders in my home folder. I had 4 bitnami stacks (which is apache, mysql server and application each) installed at one time at home folder, each with about 10 000 files inside. I uninstalled 2 of them and the freeze time dropped from 30 seconds to 2 seconds and then I unistalled all of them and it's perfectly quick as it should be now.


Just reboot: If syslog-ng is already running as a service than it is stored in RAM until it's terminated, thus updates and uninstall will have not effect.


What software that supported by Windows XP can not run on Xubuntu?

If yes, could you give me the list for the software please?

Yes. And the answer is: ALL of them are incompatible. xUbuntu or any Linux based operating system is 100% different compared to Windows. Except for some software where the creators decided to make 2 versions, 1 for us and 1 for Windows you can use the same software. Examples of those are Libre Office/Open Office, Apache, MySQL.  Libre Office/Open Office are replacements for Microsoft office though it works differently and has other names for similar tasks. Basically it has a Writer program to create documents, A Calc to create sheets and many more.

For Adobe Fireworks see Is there an alternative to Adobe Fireworks?

And yes there is WINE/Play On Linux to support windows software but this has its limits, problems and generally is not a good experience. If you need Windows software you are better of with a Virtual Machine or using a dual boot with xUbuntu and Windows.

  My Windows XP CD for my laptop is lost

It is legal to download a copy of Windows XP from the web if you have a serial sticker on your machine. You paid for the license not for the medium the software was on.


How to sort files by "date modified" in Dolphin 15.12.3 in FTP-folder

While the Dolphin windows is ontop (active), Click on View from the Ubuntu global menu.  From there point to Sort by... then click on Date.

The Ubuntu Global menu also has a View mode option.  You can select Details from there, and see the items in columns, and click on the Date tab to sort by date from that mode.

Note:

Dolphin also has menu items on it's top screen.  You can change views there.  The Control button also have Sort and View Mode options.

Update:

The default display in Dolphin is the Modification date of the folders and files.  Changing this is not an immediate feature of Dolphin's settings.  It can be done via KDE's System Settings.  I can't find it in Ubuntu's system settings.

Details for changing/adding display options are described here:
Linux: Changing Date Format in Detailed Display in Dolphin File Manager


Consuming more memory instead of require?

Use system monitor to see which process is devouring all your memory to get a possible idea of what you should do next.

You can do the same with top; use Shift + < / > key combos to select the memory usage column, and Shift + R to toggle the reverse-state of column sort.

You can then kill the process that's causing the problem.


/sbin/init : no such file or directory | Not able to boot ubuntu desktop

It could be that the initrd is corrupted or missing. In that case it would be unable to find the init process that the initrd needs and uses. Follow these steps to rebuild the initrd:

Boot from the Media (USB/DVD) and start your terminal session as root. ("Rescue Mode")
Mount the disk with the root filesystem to /mnt

mount /path/to/disk /mnt

Mount and bind the virtual filesystems onto your disk

mount --rbind /proc /mnt/proc
 mount --rbind /sys /mnt/sys
 mount --rbind /dev /mnt/dev

chroot into your disk

chroot /mnt

Mount everything else, if any

mount -a

move into the boot directory

cd /boot

rebuild the initrd

In RedHat it's as simple as running this command:

mkinitrd

In Ubuntu it looks like they use a different tool. First, you'll need to see what kernel version you are using:

# ls /lib/modules/
3.11.0-12-generic

Then use the version it gives you to run the necessary command:

# update-initramfs -c -k 3.11.0-12-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.11.0-12-generic

After that you can exit chroot and try booting normally again to see if the issue is resolved.


Do you mean that the script will be called with (for example) presentation.odt as an argument? The argument is available as "$1" in the script (the double quotes are required if the file name contains characters like spaces which the shell would otherwise expand). You can construct the name of the PDF file by stripping away the .odt suffix: ${1%.odt}. Note that it's unoconv, not the unrelated uniconv.

#!/bin/sh
unoconv -f pdf "$1"
appropriate-pdf-editor "${1%.odt}.pdf"


Why is my bluetooth connection always failing?

My workaround for this issue is to remove the headset from the list of known devices (from Bluetooth setup) and repeat the pairing.

The headset will then continue to work as expected until it was connected to another machine (which could also be a virtual machine on the same computer). Then we again have to remove the device and repeat the pairing.

There may be an issue with secure sinmple pairing that occured from 11.10 but is supposed to be fixed in kernel 3.2.15 (see bug #931860). Try if disabling SSP resolves your issue too.


Ubuntu 12.10 can't boot because of wireless adapter?

I don't think it's because of wireless apdator. I suspect the culprit is the graphic card and xorg.
I'd like to give you a link. I cannot upgrade to 12.10 because of graphic-card, Radeon HD 3450


How to generate a GnuPG key with seahorse

You already have a public key

You will always generate a keypair. It's a public and private key shown as one entry. As you can always derive a public key from a private one, anyway.

What Seahorse and GPG does is just listing keys and only denote you can use to sign/decrypt using those keys if there's a private key available for those. Once you import other's public keys you will see those are listed as public-only keys, only available for encryption and signature validation.

As you can see, Seahorse will display keypairs as a two-key icon whereas for keys only a public key is present it will show a single key.

To verify this on the command line, use

gpg --list-keys

This prints all keys in the keyring, regardless of private key availability.

gpg --list-secret-keys

Prints all keys for which a private (secret) key is available.


Permanently disable Wi-Fi network authentication popup

If the Wi-Fi Network Authentication pop-up keeps appearing, there is likely something wrong with the connection configuration.

Try removing (forgetting) the connection, and establishing it again fresh.

To remove (forget) a network connection via Terminal:

sudo rm /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/NETWORKNAME

To remove (forget) a network connection via UI:

Settings > Wi-Fi > Settings (gears icon) on the SSID name you want to change > Forget Network button.


why is Grub not loading after Installing 11.10 Beta2 after windows 7?

Following this (rather then the answer to the similar question above) appears to have solved the problem.

Stuck in grub rescue after Windows install

The first wasn't as clear about which partition grub should be installed on (confusing it with which should be mounted).

By comparing both answers I've found mine. Cheers.

Edit:

the 'this' after 'Following this' was a link to the other question. Seems I lost the hyperlink in an edit. Unfortunately I can't remember all the details of how I solved this


Looks like there's a leftover undo file for the specific file you're editing, but it's empty.

Check for files ending in ~ in the file folder or, if you have persistent undo enable, in the  undodir directory (should be in your .vimrc if configured).

If it's really empty, you can safely remove it to get rid of the error message.


The drive is corrupt.  I have seen reports by other users of this happening.  It seems that this particular drive is shipped with a corrupt filesystem formatted on it, most likely because it was formatted prior to being installed in the USB enclosure, and the enclosure makes the drive appear slightly smaller than it really is.  You will need to reformat the drive, and you should complain to WD so they stop shipping broken drives.


Ubuntu 16.04 running extremely slow, is my system just too old?

Indeed, your system is too old to run the standard version of Ubuntu, with Unity. The main problem is that your graphics card is not good enough - Ubuntu needs a fairly good graphics card. The result is that instead of actually using your graphics card, Ubuntu does everything on the CPU, which is very slow. That's why you're seeing "Gallium 0.4 iivmpipe" as your graphics card.

You should use a more lightweight variant of Ubuntu, such Ubuntu MATE or Lubuntu. You can also install a more lightweight desktop environment on your existing Ubuntu installation (such as MATE or LXDE, but there are many others too), which will give you much better performance.


How do I patch/workaround SSLv3 POODLE vulnerability (CVE-2014-3566)?

Background info

SSL is designed to secure the transport level on the internet. For 'the web' aka HTTP you'll know this as HTTPS, but it's also used for other application protocols. SSLv2 was the first widely used transport security protocol but was found insecure not long after. Successors SSLv3 and TLSv1 are widely supported now. TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2 are newer and gaining a lot of support too. Most if not all web browsers released from 2014 have support for it.

The recent discovery by Google engineers points out that SSLv3 should not be used any longer (like SSLv2 is deprecated a long time ago). The clients that won't be able to connect to your site/service are probably very very limited. CloudFlare announced that less than 0.09% of their visitors still rely on SSLv3.

Simple solution: disable SSLv3.

Does Ubuntu provide any update?

Yes, via usn-2385-1 with the addition of the SCSV feature, but it does not mitigate the issue completely as it does not disable SSLv3 and the patch will only work if both sides of the connection have been patched. You'll receive it through your regular security updates in your package manager.

So, still YOU have to take action yourself to disable SSLv3 (it's configurable). Future versions of clients/browsers will disable SSLv3 most likely. E.g. Firefox 34 will do so.

Disabling SSLv3 completely by default in Ubuntu on implementation level will probably break some stuff out there also for non-HTTPS SSL usage which is not so much vulnerable, so I assume maintainers won't do that and only this SCSV patch will be applied.

Why does the SCSV update in OpenSSL via usn-2385-1 does not mitigate the issue?

Really, stop asking such questions and just skip a few paragraphs and disable SSLv3. But hey, if you're not convinced, here you go:

POODLE shows that SSLv3 with CBC ciphers is broken, implementing SCSV does not change that. SCSV only makes sure you don't downgrade from some TLS protocol to any lower TLS/SSL protocol as needed with the Man-in-the-Middle attack required for the usual cases.

If you have to access some server which does not offer TLS at all, but only SSLv3, then your browser doesn't really have a choice and has to talk to the server using SSLv3, which is then vulnerable without any downgrade attack.

If you have to access some server which offers TLSv1+ and SSLv3 too (which is discouraged) and you want to be sure your connection will not be downgraded to SSLv3 by an attacker, then both the server and the client need this SCSV patch.

For completely mitigating the issue the disablement of SSLv3 your end is enough and you can be sure you won't be downgraded. And you won't be able to talk to to SSLv3-only servers.

Okay, so how do I disable SSLv3?

See below in the application specific sections: Firefox, Chrome, Apache, Nginx and Postfix are covered for now.

Are only servers or also clients affected?

The vulnerability exists if both the server and client accepts SSLv3 (even if both are capable of TLSv1/TLSv1.1/TLS1.2 due to a downgrade attack).

As a server admin you should disable SSLv3 now for the security of your users.

As a user, you should disable SSLv3 in your browser now to secure yourself when visiting websites which still support SSLv3.

Is this OpenSSL/GnuTLS/browser specific?

No. It's a protocol (design) bug, not an implementation bug. This means you can't really patch it (unless you're changing the design of the old SSLv3).

And yes, there's a new OpenSSL security release, but read below (But I really really need SSLv3 support... for reason X,Y,Z!) on why you'd better focus on disabling SSLv3 altogether.

Can I kill SSLv3 on the network (firewall) level?

Well, yes, probably. I put this in a separate blog post for further thoughts and work. We may have some magic iptables rule you can use!

My blog post: How to take down SSLv3 in your network using iptables for POODLE?

Is it relevant for HTTPS only or also for IMAP/SMTP/OpenVPN and other protocols with SSL support?

The current attack vector, as shown by the researchers, works with controlling the plaintext sent to the server using Javascript being run on the victim's machine. This vector does not apply to non-HTTPS scenarios without using a browser.

Also, normally an SSL client doesn't allow the session to be downgraded to SSLv3 (having TLSv1+ seen in the handshake capabilities), but browsers want to be very backward compatible and they do. The combination with controlling plaintext and the specific way a HTTP header is built up makes it exploitable.

Conclusion: disable SSLv3 for HTTPS now, disable SSLv3 for other services in your next service window.

What's the impact? Do I need to revoke and regenerate my server certificate? (As with Heartbleed)

No, you don't need to rotate your certificates for this. The vulnerability exposes plaintext recovery from the session data, it does not provide access to any secrets (neither the session key or certificate key).

An attacker is most likely only capable of stealing the plaintext headers like session cookies in order to perform session hijacking. An additional constraint is the need for a full (active) MitM attack.

Is there anything else I can do to improve my SSL configuration in general?

As a user, besides disabling SSLv3 in your browser, not really. Well, just always install the latest security updates.

For servers, follow Mozilla's TLS server guide. And test with Qualys' SSL Labs test. It's really not that hard to get an A+ rating on your site. Just update your packages and implement the recommendations from the guide of Mozilla.

But I really really need SSLv3 support... for reason X,Y,Z! Now what?

Well, there's a patch that circumvents the downgrade attack of TLSv1 capable clients, called the SSLv3 Fallback Protection. It will improve the security of TLSv1+ too, by the way (downgrade attack is harder/impossible). It's offered as a backport from a more recent OpenSSL version in the Ubuntu Security advisory usn-2385-1.

Big catch: Both clients and servers need this patch in order to work. So, in my opinion while you're updating both clients and servers you should just upgrade to TLSv1+ anyway.

However, please, please, just retire SSLv3 in your network for now. Put effort in upgrading security standards and just ditch SSLv3.

I heard about SCSV support to eliminate the protocol downgrade attack. Do I need it?

Only if you really need SSLv3 for some odd reason, but it improves security in TLSv1+ too, so yes, I'd recommend you to install it. Ubuntu provides an update for this feature in usn-2385-1. You'll receive it through your regular security updates in your package manager.

Testing vulnerability for privately hosted sites (e.g. intranet/offline).

Your servers are vulnerable simply if they support SSLv3. Several options here:

With OpenSSL s_client:

openssl s_client -connect <server>:<port> -ssl3

If the connection succeeds, sslv3 is enabled. If it fails, it is disabled. When it fails you should see something like:

error:14094410:SSL routines:SSL3_READ_BYTES:sslv3 alert handshake failure

Using nmap:

nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 443 myhostname.tld

It should output 'SSLv3: No supported ciphers found'. Adjust for your hostname/port.
Using cipherscan. Clone/download the binary and execute it:

./cipherscan myhostname.tld

It should not list anything with SSLv3 under the 'protocols' column.

Firefox browser

Open about:config, find security.tls.version.min and set the value to 1. Then restart your browser to drop any open SSL connections.

Firefox from version 34 onwards will disable SSLv3 by default and thus require no action (source). However, at the moment of writing, 33 is just released and 34 is set for November 25.

Google Chrome (Linux)

Edit the /usr/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop file, e.g.

sudo nano /usr/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop

Edit all lines starting with Exec= to include --ssl-version-min=tls1.

E.g. a line like

Exec=/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable %U

becomes

Exec=/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable --ssl-version-min=tls1 %U

Then make sure to fully close the browser (Chrome apps may be keeping your browser active in the background!).

Note: You may need to repeat this every google-chrome package update, overwriting this .desktop launcher file. A Google Chrome or Chromium browser with SSLv3 disabled by default is not yet announced at the time of writing.

Apache HTTPD Server

If you are running an Apache web server that currently allows SSLv3, you will need to edit the Apache configuration. On Debian and Ubuntu systems the file is /etc/apache2/mods-available/ssl.conf. On CentOS and Fedora the file is /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf. You will need to add the following line to your Apache configuration with other SSL directives.

SSLProtocol All -SSLv2 -SSLv3

This will allow all protocols except SSLv2 and SSLv3.

While you're at it, you may want to consider improving the ciphersuite configuration for your webserver as explained on Mozilla's TLS server guide. Add for example:

SSLCipherSuite          ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA
SSLHonorCipherOrder     on
SSLCompression          off
# Read up on HSTS before you enable it (recommended)
# Header add Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000"

Then check if the new configuration is correct (no typos etc.):

sudo apache2ctl configtest

And restart the server, e.g.

sudo service apache2 restart

On CentOS and Fedora:

systemctl restart httpd

More info: Apache documentation

Now test it: If your site is publicly available, test it using Qualys’ SSL Labs tool.

Nginx server

If you're running Nginx, just include the following line in your configuration among the other SSL directives:

ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

While you're at it, you may want to consider improving the ciphersuite configuration for your webserver as explained on Mozilla's TLS server guide. Add for example:

ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA';
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# Read up on HSTS before you enable it (recommended)
# add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;

And restart the server, e.g.

sudo service nginx restart

Reference: Nginx documentation

Now test it: If your site is publicly, available, test it using Qualys' SSL Labs tool.

Lighttpd webserver

Lighttpd versions >1.4.28 support a configuration option to disable SSLv2 and v3.  Lighttpd releases before 1.4.28 allow you to disable SSLv2 ONLY.  Please note that Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and earlier install at best lighttpd v1.4.28 and therefore a simple fix is not available for those distributions.  Therefore this fix should only be used for Ubuntu versions greater than 12.04.

For Ubuntu version 12.04 or Debian 6, an updated lighttpd package is available from the openSUSE repository:
http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/server:/http/Debian_6.0

The package is intended for Debian 6 (squeeze) but works also on 12.04 (precise)

Edit your /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf to add the following lines after the ssl.engine = "enable" directive

ssl.use-sslv2          = "disable"
ssl.use-sslv3          = "disable"

Then you should restart the lighttpd service with a sudo service lighttpd restart and perform an ssl3 handshake test as described in earlier sections to make sure that the change was implemented successfully.

Taken from http://redmine.lighttpd.net/projects/lighttpd/wiki/Docs_SSL.

Postfix SMTP

For 'opportunistic SSL' (encryption policy not enforced and plain is acceptable too), you don't need to change anything. Even SSLv2 is better than plain, so if you need to secure your server you should be using 'mandatory SSL' mode anyway.

For 'mandatory SSL' mode being configured already, just add/change the smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols setting for inbound connections and smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols for outbound connections:

smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols=!SSLv2,!SSLv3
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols=!SSLv2,!SSLv3

Optionally, if you want to disable SSLv3 for opportunistic encryption as well (even though it's unnecessary as explained above), do so thusly:

smtpd_tls_protocols=!SSLv2,!SSLv3
smtp_tls_protocols=!SSLv2,!SSLv3

and restart Postfix:

sudo service postfix restart

Sendmail

(Unverified edit by anonymous user, I'm not comfortable with Sendmail, please verify.)

These options are configured in the LOCAL_CONFIG section of your sendmail.mc

LOCAL_CONFIG
O CipherList=HIGH
O ServerSSLOptions=+SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 +SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3 +SSL_OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE
O ClientSSLOptions=+SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 +SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3

Dovecot

In Dovecot v2.1+, add the following to your /etc/dovecot/local.conf (or a new file in /etc/dovecot/conf.d):

ssl_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3

and restart Dovecot:

sudo service dovecot restart

For older versions you will have to patch the source code.

Courier-imap (imapd-ssl)

Courier-imap allows SSLv3 by default on Ubuntu 12.04 and others.  You should disable it and use STARTTLS instead to force TLS.  Edit your /etc/courier/imapd-ssl configuration file to reflect the following changes

IMAPDSSLSTART=NO
IMAPDSTARTTLS=YES
IMAP_TLS_REQUIRED=1
TLS_PROTOCOL=TLS1
TLS_STARTTLS_PROTOCOL=TLS1
TLS_CIPHER_LIST="<take those from the Mozilla TLS Server guide!>"

HAProxy Server

SSL is supported in HAProxy >= 1.5.

Edit the /etc/haproxy.cfg file and find your bind line. Append no-sslv3. For example:

bind :443 ssl crt <crt> ciphers <ciphers> no-sslv3

Reference: HAProxy Documentation

OpenVPN

Appears to be unaffected (source).

  OpenVPN uses TLSv1.0, or (with >=2.3.3) optionally TLSv1.2 and is thus not impacted by POODLE.

Puppet

Puppet uses SSL over HTTPS but it isn't used by 'browser' clients, just Puppet agents which aren't vulnerable to the attack vector shown. However, it's best practice to just disable SSLv3.

My recommendation is to use the stephenrjohnson/puppetmodule Puppet module to set up your Puppet master in which I killed SSLv3 some time ago.


Install Ubuntu on UEFI without Windows or Boot Loader

There is much variation in hardware, but I was able to boot to an Ubuntu 14.04 live USB in UEFI / Secure Boot mode by doing the following:

1) Download the Ubuntu distro you want. It must be the 64 bit version.

2) Install the distro to USB stick using PendriveLinux.com's Universal USB Installer.

3) Power off the PC, insert the USB stick, and power on.

4) Hold down the appropriate key to enter the BIOS.

5) Change the boot order so that the USB stick is first

Note, unlike regular BIOSes I am used to, you have to do this step EVERY TIME YOU WANT TO BOOT OFF USB.  The boot order changes are not persistent!  In fact, my UEFI BIOS does not even offer me this choice unless a UEFI bootable USB stick is currently inserted  Until I figured this out, I was in the same situation as you, I could not get it to boot off USB at all.

6) Exit the BIOS "saving" your changes and allow the boot to complete.


Boot device missing , ubuntu boot failed in lenovo ideapad 100s 11IBY

I'm not 100% certain, but my hunch is that your package update pulled in an update of GRUB that broke your installation. Perhaps this was a switch from an EFI-mode to a BIOS-mode GRUB, with corresponding changes to GRUB's configuration file that broke the EFI-mode GRUB; or perhaps it was a more general GRUB breakage.

My suggestion, at least for a short-term fix, is to use my rEFInd boot manager:

Download the USB flash drive or CD-R image of rEFInd from its downloads page.
Prepare a boot medium with the image you obtain.
Disable Secure Boot on the computer. (It can be done with Secure Boot active, but doing so would require jumping through quite a few extra hoops.)
Boot to the rEFInd USB drive or CD-R.
rEFInd should appear and enable you to boot both Windows and Ubuntu. (There may be extra boot options, some of which might not work.) Test to be sure that both Windows and Ubuntu can boot.
If you can boot both Windows and Ubuntu, you can either:

Use the ability to boot both OSes as a temporary breather while you attempt to better diagnose and fix the problem. You might use grub-install or Boot Repair to re-install GRUB, for instance. (I don't know how well Boot Repair would work on a 32-bit UEFI system, though.)
Install rEFInd to your hard disk by using the PPA or Debian package (or the standard Ubuntu repos, if you're using Ubuntu 17.04). This will then bypass GRUB on a permanent basis.

Note that this is not guaranteed to work. Even if it fails, though, it may provide helpful clues in the form of error messages or symptoms. Up until step #6, when you run commands to repair GRUB or install rEFInd on your hard disk, this process is relatively safe; booting rEFInd from a USB drive or CD-R is very unlikely to create new problems, since rEFInd run in this way won't write anything to the hard disk.


You should open a terminal and execute the command from the error, but with sudo (because the normal doesn't have the required rights):

sudo dpkg --configure -a

When executing a command with sudo, you'll have to type your password blindly (there won't be any stars indicating how many characters you typed) and then press enter.

If that works, you should execute the command

sudo apt-get -f install

to solve other package problems (there will probably be some).

Then you should update your system:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Installed KDE onto Xubuntu 12.04, now get black screen after login!

I don't know if this answers your question, but if your end goal is to try KDE, why not install Kubuntu directly. That is, Ubuntu with the KDE desktop environment. Especially if you are a new user installing Kubuntu is easier than installing another distro with KDE on top.

You will find that Kubuntu 13.10 comes with KDE version 4.11.2, so you will get the best of the KDE experience!


Like most software in Ubuntu, the major version shipped (eg 3.13, 3.16, 3.19) is maintained for as long as that version of Ubuntu works. Security fixes are applied and pushed out through Apt.

Maintaining software rather than just upgrading everything  is a feature of Ubuntu.

That said, if you really need a later version, there are options:

LTS releases can hop to the non-LTS versions of the kernel by installing the HWE stacks. You're actually already using one of these (they come bundled in the LTS point releases) but you can upgrade to the Vivid version by installing linux-generic-lts-vivid. See more about this.
"The Kernel PPA" isn't a PPA in the sense of Launchpad-hosted, Apt-compatible PPAs. It's just a file-dump of built kernel packages. You can browse it here.

Note: These do not have Ubuntu patches applied and your system will not automatically upgrade if and when security-patched versions are made available. You will have to upgrade manually.
Build it yourself. It isn't hard; it just looks hard. As above, you're in charge of keeping on top of security advisories and applying updates.

But yeah, if you're happy on 3.16, stay on 3.16.


Broadcom BCM4313 wifi slow after upgrade to Ubuntu 14.04

Yes, I was having same issue with brcmsmac drivers.

I installed as given in the screenshot below.
 Do not use jockey-gtk, it will fail to load there.

Install it in this way,

Reboot and your problem will be resolved. I was using 12.04 earlier and these proprietary drivers were not working there. But in 14.04 they are working flawlessly. If failed, try to install again as per broadcom documentation.

http://www.broadcom.com/docs/linux_sta/README.txt

Read in last lines

From the GUI:

Package Manager (System>Administration>Synaptic Package Manager). Click the
Reload button in the upper left corner of Synaptic to refresh your index then
search for and reinstall the package named bcmwl-kernel-source.

From the shell:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get --reinstall install bcmwl-kernel-source


Speakers playing faint white noise when turned on

I will try to help. Do you have a soundcard? If you do, type alsamixer in the Terminal. There you will be able to tune it a little, and hopefully get rid of the white noise.

If that doesn't work, you might try upgrading your kernel. I am still learning, but these are some suggestions that I have discovered.


Create a function to extract filenames from multiple filenames using delimiter in bash

To answer your questions specifically:

Q1. the expression $x | wc -l means "run the command $x and pipe the results to wc -l". To pipe the contents of $x to wc, you could use num=`echo "$x" | wc -l` or (using a bash here string) num=`wc -l <<< "$x"`.

However the "backtick" form of command substitution is deprecated - better to get into the habit of using $( ... ) i.e.

num=$(wc -l <<< "$x")

Note that this will give the wrong count if any filenames contain newline characters (which they are allowed to in Linux).

Q2. In find . -name '*.$1', the single quotes (aka 'hard quotes') around '*.$1' will prevent expansion of $1 so find will search for filenames ending literally in $1. To allow expansion of $1 while preventing premature expansion of *., use double quotes (aka "soft quotes") i.e. "*.$1"

You will probably want to limit the search to the top-level directory rather than descending into subdirectories (else the results will be inconsistent with the count obtained from wc):

    find . -maxdepth 1 -name "*.$1"

However, here's how I'd do it - assuming a bash shell:

report() {
  shopt -s nullglob
  local ext="$1"
  set -- *."$ext"
  printf 'There are %d %s files' $# "$ext"
  if (( $# > 0 && $# < 10 )); then
    printf '\t%s\n' "$@"
  fi
}

This avoids Bash Pitfall #1 (parsing the output of ls instead of using a shell glob) and uses the shell's set builtin to read matching filenames into the $@ positional parameter array. This way, you can use $# to count the number of files unambiguously (even if they contain newlines - where piping ls to wc would give the wrong count), and there's no need to use a separate find command to obtain the matching names all over again.

If you want to display the filenames without the extension, you can replace $@ in the printf with ${@%.*} which removes the shortest trailing substring  matching .* from each element of the array using parameter expansion.

Although I chose to use a (( ... )) arithmetic construct to test the number of files, there's nothing wrong with using the POSIX [ $# -le 10 ] or [ $# -lt 10 ] if you prefer. The extra $# > 0 test is just to keep the output pretty when there are no files of the given extension.

You could easily extend the function to accept multiple extensions by using an array for the extensions:

function report {
  shopt -s nullglob
  local exts=( "$@" )
  for ext in "${exts[@]}"; do
    set -- *."$ext"
    printf 'There are %d %s files' $# "$ext"
    if (( $# > 0 && $# < 10 )); then
      printf ': \n'
      printf '\t%s\n' "$@"
    else
      printf '.\n'
    fi
  done
}

Example usage:

$ report txt jpg foo
There are 71 txt files.
There are 4 jpg files:
    b.jpg
    foo.jpg
    inv_logpolar.jpg
    logpolar.jpg
There are 0 foo files.


How to confgure capslock as a standalone key?

Try this in a console:

setxkbmap -option caps:none
xmodmap -e 'keycode 66 = Multi_key';

Than your Caps-Lock work as a Compose key.

Ie: If you hit successively:

Compose, o, then e will render "œ",
Compose, o, then r will render "®",
Compose, 3, then 4 will render "¾",
Compose, o, then / will render "ø",
Compose, +, then - will render "±",
Compose, s, then s will render "ß",
...

And so on.


Make cp remove the target file before copying:

$ ln -s /random/file f
$ cp -f a f
cp: not writing through dangling symlink ‘f’
$ cp --remove-destination a f
$ diff a f && echo yes
yes

From man cp:

--remove-destination
      remove  each existing destination file before attempting to open
      it (contrast with --force)


Your hardware will determine what quality of sound you have.  Linux has supported 24-bit 9600 sound for quite a while now and there is no reason support would be dropped.


How to disable HTTP referrer in Firefox?

In the URL bar of Firefox, go to about:config.
In the search box of the about:config page, enter the following:
Network.http.sendRefererHeader

Double click on Network.http.sendRefererHeader and change the value from 2 to 0 to disable the referrer header.
The following values are accepted:

0 – Disable referrer.
1 – Send the Referer header when clicking on a link, and set document.referrer for the following page.
2 – Send the Referer header when clicking on a link or loading an image (default).

Source
It should be noted that some websites such as google and tumblr include the referrer in the link URL rather than the header.
There is an addon which fixes this problem and removes the redirect from google results but it doesn't seem to work on google images (click here for more info).
There is also a newer option which might be of more interest to you called network.http.referer.XOriginPolicy. The options you can set for this are:

0 - No restrictions (default).
1 - Base domain must match (send from a.example.com to b.example.com).
2 - Full host name must match (only b.example.com to b.example.com).

Source


For those who want to know, I couldn't turn an ID permanent but I could find it through xinput list --id-only, then created a script that used Chrome's --touch-devices parameter to set the device's ID

First you need to find the full name of the target device using xinput list

⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ USB Optical Mouse                         id=10   [slave  pointer  (2)]

Then create a bash script that stores its value and calls Chrome using --touch-devices

#!/bin/bash

# (...)

id=$(xinput list --id-only 'Virtual core XTEST pointer')
exec google-chrome --touch-devices=$id --kiosk --incognito --no-first-run http://www.google.com &


First, if you are using bzr, then there is no need to muck about with debdiff.  Just commit your change, then push to a personal branch on lp and propose that it be merged.

If you really want a debdiff, then you need the previous version of the package to diff against.  Fetch it with apt-get source.


Firefox: make ctrl+enter submit a form, even if cursor is in a textarea

some sites have >1 form.
there are gazillion ways (and addons) to play around with your own personal shortcuts (in firefox, at least).
to make these personal shortcuts effective, you'd probably want to tailor them to the websites you frequent on a per-site basis.
if you are looking for sth more universal, are you familiar with the basic Tab and Shift Tab  keyboard shortcuts for form (and element) navigation?


If you dont't want to load bdc_pci module add it to blacklist in:
/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf on the end of this file like this:

blacklist bdc_pci

(or you can create your own file eg. blacklist-bdc_pci.conf)

Then in /etc/modules you can add what module you want to load, so you need to edit this file and add:

facetimehd


How to fully install Ubuntu on a USB flashdrive?

The recommentation from Ubuntu.Com is to download Ubuntu's ISO file for 16.04, 18.04, 19.10, or 20.04 at https://ubuntu.com/download or for a supported 'flavour' of 18.04, 19.10, or 20.04 with a different Desktop Environment, download from https://ubuntu.com/download/flavours .

Next, check for download errors by https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-how-to-verify-ubuntu .

Make a LiveUSB following these instructions on another Linux PC https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu or on a Windows PC https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows .

Once you make a LiveUSB, install it following the steps outlined at https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop  with another USB flash drive as the destination of the install.


Ubuntu 17.10 - Problems displaying thumbnails in Nautilus in XOrg

Seems it was a permission issue, I have files in my home folder that were owned by the root account.

I had just installed the OS and hadn't setup my gui pkexec policy for nautilus or gedit and I was a little lazy and started up nautilus from terminal using sudo. I remember finding it weird that sudo nautilus was loading my non-root user settings, it must have overwritten the thumbnail cache with a root owned one. This must be a recent change,  didn't used to do this in the past. When you started a nautilus session (even with sudo via terminal), it used to use the root directory for settings.

Ah well, I guess I'm going to be avoiding sudo for GUI altogether from now on. It's weird that the thumbnails managed to display ok in Wayland.


Any binary editor to open a file in binary form (1 and 0) NOT HEX?

I found "Jeex" in the "ubuntu software center" it will let you edit in Hex, Binary, Octal, and ASCII.

Its GUI, pretty basic but look like it works. (See image bellow.)


How do I fix Netflix requiring Silverlight update?

I found the solution to this problem at the Launchpad page for netflix-desktop.

Erich E. Hoover wrote:

  It might be that you started with a profile from before when I had the installer disable automatic updates. So, I would suggest wiping the profile folder to see if that fixes it.

The command to do that is:

rm -Rf ~/.wine-browser

For those that don't like messing with the console, you can just go to your home directory and either click on "View" and check "Show Hidden Files", or just press Ctrl+H, then scroll down until you see the folder labeled ".wine-browser", perform a right mouse-click on the folder, and select "Move to Trash" from the resulting menu.


I think I figured the issue out. When I set the printer up, I gave it the same name my colleague had (the default), so when rebooting this was updating my printer with my colleague's settings over the network.

To mitigate the issue, I set the printer up and gave it a unique name. This has now persisted through a couple of reboots, so I expect this has solved the problem (unless someone else on the network uses the name I've chosen!).


How to get Landscape running on MAAS on Ubuntu OrangeBox?

The OpenStack Autopilot is built for server-class hardware. If you want to use NUCs you'll have to modify them to act like server-class hardware (add USB keys that act like second disks, add a USB NIC to one of them so it has two wired NICs to use for Neutron, etc).

In terms of bootstrapping the orange box, you can use some helper scripts found at https://launchpad.net/orange-box


the files that I store on the Dropbox folder, will be sent to Dropbox
  encrypted?

No. When using full disk encryption the kernel will unencrypt the data and send it in plain to the dropbox daemon, it will then copy this unencrypted data to the cloud.

The second question is an obvious no, but you should probably ask it as a separate question.


insert $duration variable inside another line of code in a sh file

All=$(yad --form --columns 2 --text "Please fill the form" \
    --field 'Duration' ''  --field "Y position" ''         \
    --field Height '' --field "X position" ''              \
    --field With '' --field Name '')
IFS=\| read Duration Y Height X With Name <<< "$All"
byzanz-record --duration="$Duration" --x="$X" --y="$Y" --width="$With" --height="$Height" "$Name.gif"


Python Error when opening software-center

You may have an issue with your LD_LIBRARY_PATH or something of that sort, possibly replacing the correct libexpat.so with some other one (i.e., something in /usr/local such as the library installed with MATLAB).

This post addresses this problem: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2094005


All users on laptops use local directory while networked PCs use network home. I was wondering about possibility of moving everyone to onedrive which would be the same we do for windows.

As the developer|maintainer of the free Linux OneDrive Client (https://abraunegg.github.io/), this would be entirely possible with careful client configration.
Each user would have to have their own specific configuration & OneDrive account, and you would have to take care to configure the client not to upload|sync specific directories to ensure that the security of that user is not impacted - eg, not uploading .config & .pki user directories.


Rsyslog channels change ownership from root

If I understand correctly, /var/log/paul/events.log is owned by root; yet, you have a script running as the rsyslog user, who cannot move /var/log/paul/events.log.

sudo chown -R root.rsyslog /var/log/paul/
sudo chmod 0775 /var/log/paul
sudo chmod g+s /var/log/paul

Now, new files in /var/log/paul are always owned by rsyslog. Another solution to use is ACL.


Unable to Mount RAID1 md0 - wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error

You have to make a file system on your array. The raw array is just a block device, which can hold any kind of file system, or non file system data.

To make a filesystem, you can issue sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0 to make a new filesystem with EXT4 (one of the more popular file systems; works great for all round use.

After you've made a file system you can mount it using the command sudo mount /dev/md0 /home/ste/mnt/


When I have the "File" menu open in Gimp or LibreOffice, why can't I use my Xfce4 shortcut keys like the start menu, etc?

This is not a problem. Just close your menu before using your global shortcut keys.
When you press a key, your operating system will evaluate it. The desktop environment, or a window manager, or any other hotkey daemon will get to look at the shortcut first. If the key matches a global shortcut, e.g. for launching your terminal, the action corresponding with that global shortcut key will be executed. In other words, globally defined shortcuts will take precedence over shortcut keys defined at the application level. This behavior allows you to swithc windows, manipulate windows, and have quick launchers available (almost) any time. If no global action corresponds with the key you pressed, control is passed to your current application, that can do something with it if actions are defined for that hotkey.
Indeed, while the application menu is open, globally defined shortcut keys are not being evaluated anymore. That is a design decision of the developers. While the menu is open, you have no option than to do something with it before you can do something else. This actually makes sure that all your application menus will be closed at times where you do not need it.
If you ask me, this helps reducing confusion and keep things neater. I do not find a need to come back to an application one hour later, just to see that some menu is still halfway open.


The Elder Scroll Skyrim V install on Ubuntu 18.04

In case of Steam games just have to:

go into Steam->Settings->Steam Play and activate Steam Play for every game.
Restart Steam
Install game using Steam (install button should be now active).

But there is a bit more universal way of playing games on linux.

You can also try Lutris .
It is game manager (something like GOG Galaxy 2.0), it allows you to easily install almost every game without need of wine/proton configuration. It is recommended in case of any problem with regular Steam way.


Is there a graphical pager with syntax highlighting?

I think the program that would be ideal for you is geany, which is in the repositories, and is both a text-editor and an IDE (integrated development environment). It has many plugins and support for syntax highlighting for programming languages such as python, java, javascript, etc. The program and its plugins can be installed with

sudo apt-get install geany geany-plugins

In the screenshot, you can see the useful vertical and horizontal scrollbars. If you go to edit > preferences > keybindings there are a massive number of options, and, according to the FAQ, geany uses standard GTK+ keybindings. Virtually every action in the editor can be assigned to a key, so I think you will be able to set it up as you wish.

In the screenshot below, I have opened a python script (originally from this site) in which I am trying to fix a problem in the way it parses ustream urls. As you can see, both syntax highlighting and some code suggestion/completion is built into the program:


How to permanently set screen brightness level in Ubuntu 12.04 on Dell Vostro 2420 laptop?

After you set the brightness to your desired level open up a terminal and check what the brightness is set to by using

cat /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

Then you can take that value and

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Right above exit 0 add

echo your_value_here > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

and then save the file.  This will permanently set the brightness to your value as rc.local is executed at each reboot.

Note: This only works if you have a file named brightness in /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/


Running Multiple perl script simultaneously

Your perl script may start background processes (X &) itself.  It may use fork function call.

#!usr/bin/perl

`command1`;   ### Takes ~30 Minute and use 30 core

# start child process
my $child_pid = fork() // die "Can't fork: $!"; # die unless defined($child_pid);
if ($child_pid == 0 ) {
   # am the child process
   exec( 'perl', 'test2.pl' );
   die "exec failed!";
}
# am the parent process

`command2`;   ### Takes ~10 Minute and use 2 core
`command3`;   ### Takes ~10 Minute and use 1 core
`command4`;   ### Takes ~10 Minute and use 1 core

 # wait for the child process to finish
 waitpid $child_pid, 0;


Unable to compile RealTek RTL8188CE driver on Ubuntu 13.10

Apparently the Linux headers have changed enough since 13.04 to break this driver.  After many days of work I have finally fixed the compile issues and gotten the driver working.  You can find the fixed driver, along with the detailing of all of my changes from the original version released by Realtek, at my Github repo here:  https://github.com/FreedomBen/rtl8188ce-linux-driver

For those who are interested, the biggest changes were the removal of create_proc_entry() and other related functions that put debugging information into the /proc directory.  I have not yet converted the code to use the replacement functions, so as of now the debug info will not be reported.  This does not in any way affect the performance of the driver though.

The other big change was the restructuring of struct ieee80211_hw, struct ieee80211_conf, and the addition of struct cfg80211_chan_def which replaced what used to be the channel member of ieee80211_conf.

There is also a new helper function cfg80211_get_chandef_type() for retrieving channel type instead of the old direct method.


Apache AH00035 error: is it possible to place site directory on a mounted media without losing security?

Yes you can; You must enable execution for all directories and reading flag for every file to www-data user. Obiouvsly the www-data user must be the owner or in the file's group.

You can use this command:

chgrp -R www-data /yourdir
find /yourdir -type d -exec chmod 770 {} +
find /yourdir -type f -exec chmod 660 {} +


Scaling on Wayland is handled by the application, in practice that means the toolkit (GTK, QT, etc.) (support status). GTK 3 apps (like GNOME Terminal) are fine, as you've found.

Firefox has come a long way, but menus don't position correctly yet (issue and related) - a development version is available here. Thunderbird would hopefully follow after Firefox. For Chromium work is underway, but it isn't finished either. Electron uses Chromium under the hood, so that can't be fixed until Chromium is done.

Because these apps don't fully support Wayland yet, they still use the X11 protocol with XWayland, which doesn't handle MultiDPI well (GNOME has ideas, but I doubt whether this will happen).

So I guess you'll have to wait until all applications support Wayland, but there are some workarounds that may be useful to some.
Archlinux has some notes on HiDPI and Wayland, for example.


How to read multiple files in a directory by matching a pattern?

There is a =~ operator for matching a string to a pattern. This seems to work for me (I think it should  be foreach instead of for, but for and foreach are synonyms, so you could use either):
foreach my $log_file ( @log_files ) {
    my $in = $log_file->openr;
    while (my $line = <$in>) {
       my $string = $line;
       if ($line =~ /$pattern/)
       {
         #| `grep  { $line eq $pattern } `
           print "OUT: $string";
       }
    }
}


Tapping ALT brings up love handles, not the HUD

From System settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcut -> Launchers we can assign any another key for the HUD:


Looks like module webkit is not installed. I think you should try something like this (or google perl modules installation)

sudo apt-get install cpanminus libwebkitgtk-devel
sudo cpanm Gtk2::WebKit

Hope it will work.


How to print any text using terminal in ubuntu18.10

Simplest way to print something in terminal is to either use echo or printf command.

echo foo
printf '%s\n' "foo"

For long texts - it depends. Texts of multiple lines that you construct yourself can be printed via multiple ways, one of which is just to run cat and type in text which will be output on the terminal with each line and stop that via Ctr+D ;  another one is here-document structure.

$ cat  <<EOF
> This is one line
> this is another
> EOF

The << designates here-document and EOF serves as text terminator (and it can be any string so long as it's the same one). cat can be used to print text files, but in this case it prints stdin stream - one of 3 streams that each process inherits. stdin is typically connected to current terminal device, but in this case because we use here-doc it has been altered to read the temporary file which shell creates on our behalf when we use here-doc ( see also a question why this wouldn't work with echo ). Of course printing text file can be as simple as cat file.txt, but more often you want to do something with that text, and for that purpose there's multiple utilities and commands.

Of course printing any string can be a challenge. Does your terminal support printing/recognizing different locales (that is languages ?). Is the text file properly encoded ? There's plenty of considerations to take. But if you're just starting with Ubuntu, echo will be enough for sometime. Eventually, when you'll start working with multiple Linux/Unix systems you will learn that printf is better than echo for making portable scripts.


Okular - open links in a new tab or new windows

I have Okular version 1.3.3, where it can be easily done.  Here are the steps:

Open okular with any pdf file.
On the top, the options menu appears.  Click on "Settings".
Choose "Configure Okular" from the list of actions.
In the subtopics that open up, choose "General".  Usually, it will be chosen by default.  If not, choose it.
The first section is called "Appearance".  Skip it.  The second one is called "Program features". In it, there is one line that says "Open new files in tabs".  Click on the square next to it to activate it.

Now if you open any new file, whether from the pulldown menu or from a console, it will open in a new tab.


If you downloaded the Audacity manual from their official download site, these commands will work:

cd to the Downloads folder:

cd Downloads

Extract the manual:

unzip audacity-manual-2.0.3.zip

Then move the help folder into /usr/share/audacity:

sudo mv help /usr/share/audacity

There you go.  Audacity now has a local copy of the manual.


i assume you are using 13.10

for keyboard shortcuts you can go to System settings > keyboard > shortcut than change it with your desire.

for mouse got to System settings > Mouse then check disable mouse typing and check two finger scrolling

as changing alt key have you tried this How do I switch the Command key and Control key on a MacBook Pro?  ?


Have you installed the phablet-tools on your desktop? From the install instructions,

  Step 1 - Desktop Setup

  The following steps are required on your desktop system that you'll
  need in order to flash and communicate with the device.

  Setup the Touch Developer Preview Tools PPA

  The PPA has the tools and dependencies to support Precise, Quantal and
  Raring. Add the Ubuntu Touch PPA by adding the following custom source
  list entry to your /etc/apt/sources.list file.

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:phablet-team/tools

  Then do the following:

  sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install phablet-tools
  android-tools-adb android-tools-fastboot

Once you've got that running, then putting your unlocked phone/tablet into fastboot and running

phablet-flash -b

will select the right image for you and download and install it. The full instructions are at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Install

If you want to get at it later on for whatever reason, the image files will have been placed in your user Downloads/phablet-flash folder


That is SMART data that is used for drive self-diagnosis. You can find good explanation on how to interpret it here (take a look at the other answers too):

  Value: This is the raw value that the controller reports. Usually it's an easy to understand value (like power on hours or temperature), but sometimes it isn't (like the read error rate). Different manufacturers can use different structures and meanings for this data.
  Normalized: This is the above value normalized so a higher value is always better. So a 114 in read/error rates is better than 113. Again, how your hard drive converts raw data to normalized value is vendor specific.
  Worst: The worst normalized value that your driver had in the past (where 99 is likely the factory setting).
  Threshold: When the normalized value is lower than this value the driver is likely to fail.

As stated in the answer, normalized value should be above threshold value, and all the pre-fail attributes in your report seem to satisfy this condition.
The only suspicious attribute to me is End-to-End_Error whose  normalized value is close to its threshold value.
But according to this:

  This is a critical parameter. Degradation of this parameter may indicate imminent drive failure. Urgent data backup and hardware replacement is recommended.

You shouldn't worry - End-to-End_Error threshold value is purposefully set high, since it seems to indicate very dangerous issues with HDD - all End-to-End_Error values are just the same on my 6 months old WD Black which never caused any problems.

I have to note that the issue with re-spinning HDDs happened to me twice with two different HDDs - those HDDs now work fine, one got molex cable replaced and another got better external rack PSU - so it might be just an issue with power cabling or PSU.

But just in case, save this SMART report and rerun diagnostics after couple of weeks - just to check whether any pre-fail normalized value dropped - that might indicate worse problems than just power cabling issues.

Also, it would be great if you could test the drive on another PSU, just to make sure that it's providing enough juice - in my case, external rack didn't provide enough current on 12V rail and that was causing HDD to re-spin.


Does snappy core work on raspberry pi 3B+

This page
https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/raspberry-pi-3-b-plus?src=raspberrypi#description
Says that it does work


Failed to start tomcat: Unit tomcat.service not found

Tomcat service is not installed by default with tomcat when you download and unzip it from the official site. You should manually create it:

Create new file tomcat.service in the /etc/systemd/system/ folder:
$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service

Add the following lines to it:
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat9
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking

Environment=CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/tomcat9.pid
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat
Environment="CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"    # optional
Environment="JAVA_OPTS=-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8"    # optional
ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/opt/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save the file and restart the service Manager:
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Start Tomcat service and check its status:
$ sudo service tomcat start
$ sudo service tomcat status


Wifi not working in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Using Realtek RTL8723BE Wireless Network Adapter)

In a terminal window (Ctrl-Alt-t) enter: sudo lshw
and your password when asked.
Search the output for:

*-network

   description: Wireless interface

Write down on paper the logical name, and the serial number (six double digits, separated by colons).

On your task bar, select the network Edit connections. Enter your wireless connection name. For ssid: re-enter the connection name. For Mode: enter client. For BSSID: leave it blank. For Device: enter the logical name you copied down from the network description. For Cloned MAC address: enter the six double digits, separated by colons you wrote down.
For MTU: select automatic.

On the Security page, select WPA & WPA2 Personal. Enter your wireless connection password. For IPv4: select Automatic (DHCP). For IPv6: select Automatic. Save the connection definition.

In the terminal window, enter:  systemctl restart NetworkManager

Hopefully your network should now be working.


Ubuntu Studio * how to get WiFi & display working with stock (generic) kernel

Open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T. After the $ prompt type:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Your kernel should be automatically updated to the most recent version 4.15.0-32 I believe.

If you see messages the new kernel is installed, you can activate it by rebooting so type:

sudo reboot

If you don't get the most recent kernel installed post a comment below.

NOTE: I've had bad luck with the 4.15 kernel chain on my laptop (Skylake), eg won't suspend, occasional keyboard 5-10 second freeze and won't suspend with three monitors. So I'm using 4.13 kernel chain instead.


copying files remotely over ssh does not work

As @DougSmythies put it in his comment:

"I suspect the files did copy, you just have to find them. Look in /opt/homeToDeal/werbung/werbung."

Yes, this was actually the case. So, next time I copy recursively a folder, I should make sure that the destination folder DOES NOT include the very last source folder in the path, i.e.

instead of

  scp -rp /opt/homeToDeal/werbung administrator@heimdi.at:/opt/homeToDeal/werbung

I shall have

  scp -rp /opt/homeToDeal/werbung administrator@heimdi.at:/opt/homeToDeal/

or, respectively, instead of

rsync -avz -e 'ssh' /opt/homeToDeal/werbung administrator@heimdi.at:/opt/homeToDeal/werbung

I shall have

rsync -avz -e 'ssh' /opt/homeToDeal/werbung administrator@heimdi.at:/opt/homeToDeal


What does "ACPI PPC Probe failed Starting version 219 " mean exactly?

The message is harmless. In fact it is 2 messages

First:

ACPI PCC Probe failed

It is a new built-in feature of the 3.19 kernel. It just states that it did not found some PCC software or hardware. I don't know much about it.

Second:

Starting version 219

This is a message from systemd, stating it is starting. 219 is the systemd version.

You can safely ignore them.


You have options:

releases.ubuntu.com or
Official CD Mirrors


How can I track time from the command-line?

This answer suggests to use

time cat

and use Ctrl-D to see the time.

You can also use

time read

and use Enter key

Also check this answer on the same question


How to recover missing folders in a Windows-Ubuntu dual-boot system?

Before you reformat the drive there is a lot you can do to recover your data or attempt a repair. One option is to install testdisk from a Terminal with

sudo apt-get install testdisk

With no other disk attached (including USB media) run it by typing

sudo testdisk

From the first screen choose the option to create a new log. From the next screen you should see just one disk - press enter to proceed. On the next screen, press enter to select an Intel partition table type. Choose analyze on the next screen. You may be asked it you want Testdisk to check for Windows created partitions - select yes if so.

At the next screen you should see a list of partitions - how many depends on how you installed Linux. You can choose each one in turn by highlighting the appropriate one and pressing "P" to list the files and from there you will get the option to press "C" to copy files and or directories. They will go, by default, to the directory you were in when you started Testdisk. Make sure you have enough space before you start (run du -h in another Terminal tab if you can't remember).

At this point you will have a copy of your data without changing anything on your disk - Testdisk can read partitons which Windows cannot see and Linux hasn't got mounted. If you start running anything that attempts to repair the partition table (for example) you risk losing access to the data. A Format is your data's tombstone for sure.


The OP reported solving the problem by using information in this forum thread:

[SOLVED] modem-manager not working

No additional information was provided about what part of the thread was helpful, but it may have been this post by AlexFish.

Those instructions were, in summary:

Run lsusb to get the device's identifying numbers. Replace each instance of 1C9E and 9605 below with the correct values for the device on your system, as revealed in this step.
Edit the file /usr/bin/option_1C9E:9605 as root, giving it the contents:

#! /bin/bash
echo 1C9E 9605 > /sys/bus/usb-serial/drivers/option1/new_id
Make it executable:

chmod +x /usr/bin/option_1C9E:9605
Edit /etc/udev/rules.d/option.rules as root, adding:

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1c9e", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9605", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe option"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="1c9e", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9605", RUN+="/usr/bin/option_1C9E:9605"
It may work immediately; otherwise unplug it from the machine and plug it back in.

Concept and commands taken directly from the post; explanation and formatting redone.


Bridged Networking with 64 bit Ubuntu 12.04 server as host to a KVM virtualized setup

I'll will try to help you.

  After removing NetworkManager, edit /etc/resolv.conf and add in your nameserver. nameserver 192.168.0.1

This means that, as you disabled NetworkManager, you will need to take care of the /etc/resolv.conf yourself. AFAIK this message on the /etc/resolv.conf is there because NetworkManager put it there, or something else put it there. If you're not using any kind of dhcp, You should not expect this file to be modified. I wouldn't care about this warning in your case.

The '192.168.0.1' should be your router's ip or the dns ip provided by your ISP. To test your DNS server before put in this file, you can use the nslookup command like that:

nslookup somedomain.com 192.168.0.1

Where 192.168.0.1 is your expected DNS server.


You can either do:

apt-file update
apt-file search quiz

or directly go to http://packages.ubuntu.com/ and use the feature "Search the contents of packages".


I believe you are approaching this from the wrong angle.

Analyzing  why it is so large should be your 1st concern: if it is due to errors fix those first. On a highly used system  our syslog files are rotated every day and we end up with sizes like this...

    -rw-r----- 1 syslog    adm    2937 Aug 31 08:50 syslog
    -rw-r----- 1 syslog    adm   28451 Aug 31 06:30 syslog.1
    -rw-r----- 1 syslog    adm    2263 Aug 30 06:50 syslog.2.gz
    -rw-r----- 1 syslog    adm    2621 Aug 29 06:30 syslog.3.gz
    -rw-r----- 1 syslog    adm    2392 Aug 28 06:50 syslog.4.gz
    -rw-r----- 1 syslog    adm    2812 Aug 27 06:50 syslog.5.gz
    -rw-r----- 1 syslog    adm    3025 Aug 26 06:50 syslog.6.gz
    -rw-r----- 1 syslog    adm    2372 Aug 25 06:25 syslog.7.gz

So have a look inside syslog with sudo tail /var/log/syslog and see if something jumps out (words like error or lines repeated over and over).

If a 3.6Gb log file is normal for your system (and I highly doubt it) you really need a very very big harddisk.


Gameboy Advance emulator for Lucid? (No Wine)

Would one of these work?

$ apt-cache search gameboy | grep emulator
bsnes - Accurate SNES/SuperFamicom emulator
gngb - a Color Gameboy emulator
mednafen - multi-platform emulator, including NES, GB/A, Lynx, PC Engine


Why documentation says release is 11.04 instead of 10.10

It's a bug.
Run lsb_release -a in terminal, and it will show you the correct version that you are using.
Here is a bug report.


Interesting. I think this is either a bug, or a mess up. Yelp is definitely able to bring up man pages if you start it from the terminal like this:

 yelp "man:ls"

Also, if you start yelp for example using F1, then choose Go -> all documents, and type anything in the search box, you will get an error. This seems to be a bug.


By default, Ubuntu uses Unity. GNOME is optional and can be installed using:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop

Then on LightDM (the login manager), select GNOME.


Disable Windows Fast Start feature. It doesn't "release' devices properly and they malfunction on other OS's.


Laptop heating issue - going 50°C even when dealing with documents

First let me say that 50°C is very good. But it really depends on how high this temp goes under load. If it gets to 70-80°C for long periods of time, I'd be concerned. If it gets to 100°C it's time to turn off the computer before it cooks itself (it may shutdown on its own to protect itself).

Having said that, I'd still do a few things...

install intel-microcode to make sure that your processors have the latest code (this may be already installed)

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install intel-microcode
check your BIOS version and then go to the HP web site and assure that you've got the latest version. If you don't, then download the latest and install it.
remove tlp if you've installed it, and install thermald...

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get purge tlp

sudo apt-get install thermald
here's some info about thermald...

Thermald was buggy in early versions of 16.04. Update to 16.04.2 and it should be ok.

Thermald comes with a default configuration file at /etc/thermald/thermal-conf.xml that will control most computers, but may need to be customized for some computers. See man thermal-conf.xml for some details and examples. Once one has modified the configuration file, stop thermald and restart it:

sudo service thermald restart

After installing thermald, I'd stop the thermald process, and run it manually as sudo thermald --no-daemon to watch its actions in real time. This real time info can be used to create your own customized thermal-conf.xml file. See man thermald for more information.

sudo service thermald stop
sudo thermald --no-daemon --loglevel=debug

You can search for thermald here on Ask Ubuntu to see what previous answers there are.

A good starter reference is at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/PowerManagement/ThermalIssues


How can I repair a system with a deleted kernel?

Boot from the livecd, mount the hard disk, and reinstall the kernel.  For example:

sudo -s
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
chroot /mnt
apt-get install linux-image-3.2.0-27-generic-pae