Is there any pdf reader or editor (free) to highlight in MANY colors? (Not in only one yellow color)

Yes, there is. Okular.
You can add any color you like by going to configure annotations --> add.

This is how it might look:


How to uninstall Ubuntu 12.04 in dell inspirion 14r laptop?

See this link about un-installing Ubuntu 10.04 completely. It should be enough


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS freeze after login (BIOS mode UEFI) (AMD64)

I Dual booted Ubuntu 20.04 with my Windows 10. Everything was Alright back then. But today when I booted my machine to Ubuntu and after signing in , its desktop screen just freezed . Even not able to open terminal window.
thank in advance to all techie to look into and offer valuable suggestions.


Assuming that you are using a local smtp server, have you checked the maillog? If that is the case, please post some of the log...


After you opened for the first time and close it , it will not get closed but still remain in background (an icon will appear in the top panel in that case). So click on that icon to get it back to foreground instead of opening gwget again. (Actually I am not very sure. I remember it vaguely)

PS : Try multiget - A superb download manager :)


Cron don't have a graphical environment so you can't run GUI programs from there. Also when running a program at reboot you are not logged in, so there are no graphical session available.
Add your program to "Startup Applications" ("Startup Applications Preference")  to make it start at login. Eventually enable "Auto login" to avoid giving username and password.
Also you can search for Ubuntu kiosk setup" to find information on setting a KIOSK solution - that is a setup where an application starts automatically at boot, without giving the users access to the Desktop
.


You format text with html code

notify-send -i terminal "'bash -c ls'"  "execution complete"

change what is in the single quotes with the command you wish, feel free to change the size and color to what you wish.

If you need assistance, post your code and more detailed information on what you wish to change


How to only append to clipboard (but not overwrite current data)?

It is simple, but you need to install the tool xsel first:

sudo apt-get install xsel

TL;DR: Here are the commands you probably want to use for your shortcuts in the end. I am using the versions with printf everywhere for uniformity and easier customization, even if a simpler variant would have been enough:

Append selection to end of clipboard directly:

bash -c 'printf "%b%b" "$(xsel -b)" "$(xsel)" | xsel -ib ; xsel -c'

Append selection to end of clipboard after a line break:

bash -c 'printf "%b\n%b" "$(xsel -b)" "$(xsel)" | xsel -ib ; xsel -c'

Append selection to beginning of clipboard directly:

bash -c 'printf "%b%b" "$(xsel)" "$(xsel -b)" | xsel -ib ; xsel -c'

Append selection to beginning of clipboard after a line break:

bash -c 'printf "%b\n%b" "$(xsel)" "$(xsel -b)" | xsel -ib ; xsel -c'

They are all including the primary buffer reset after appending to the clipboard to prevent double appending the same content. If you do not want that, remove the ; xsel -c from the end of each command.

Long explanation:

You have to know that X contains 3 buffers, the primary selection, the secondary selection and the clipboard.

You know the clipboard from Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V etc. It's the buffer you normally use to copy and paste stuff.

The primary selection though is the buffer that always automatically contains the text you select, no matter which window it is in and without any additional user interaction.
We just have one problem: The buffer gets updated the moment you select a text snippet, but it does not get cleared when you click anywhere else to cancel the selection. It will still contain the content of your last selection.

The secondary selection is only used by few programs and not interesting for us here.

That means we can mimic the behaviour of Ctrl+C with this command below which copies the primary selection (last highlighted text) to the clipboard:

xsel | xsel -ib

xsel without any arguments prints the primary selection's content to STDOUT. xsel -ab writes (-i) the data from STDIN to the clipboard (-b).

To directly append data to the current clipboard content (without line break in between) instead of replacing it, we use the -a option instead of -i. This command will append the last selected text snippet to the current clipboard content:

xsel | xsel -ab

If you really want an additional line break or any other formatting, we can pipe the data through printf or any other tool that you want to use to process it. Here's an example that reads both the last selection and the current clipboard content and joins them together using a newline:

printf "%b\n%b" "$(xsel -b)" "$(xsel)" | xsel -ib

xsel -b returns the current clipboard content. The format string of printf uses %b as placeholder for the arguments, \n represents a line break. You can find out more about printf by typing man printf.

By switching the two arguments in the end of the string, you can reverse their order and append to the beginning instead of the end.

If you want to avoid appending the same data to the clipboard twice accidentally (you will have to select it again if you want to append it twice!), you can clear the primary selection buffer manually after the command has been performed using this:

xsel -c

Simply run that after the basic clipboard appending command, like that:

printf "%b\n%b" "$(xsel -b)" "$(xsel)" | xsel -ib ; xsel -c

So knowing all this, you can write commands for your keyboard shortcuts that do exactly what you want, but remember that our one-liners all make heavy use of Bash features like piping, so you need to run them with Bash:

bash -c 'COMMAND'

See the TL;DR section at the top of the answer for a command list suitable for creating shortcuts.


How to fix: apache2 CAPTCHA generates a background graphics, but no characters?

Change the font path from font.ttf to ./font.ttf, so add the ./ part before the actual path.

Thanks to Ubuntu forums.


I had the same issue, try this:

sudo do-release-upgrade


Broken dependencies issue is faced immediately after the first install of Ubuntu 14.04.3?

After you installed a new system, you need to update package lists by running

sudo apt-get update

Do it and try to install g++ again.


Microsoft Teams Ubuntu/Debian package secretly adds APT source and APT key

This is pretty typical; not really anything to be afraid of. For example, Google Chrome does essentially the same thing and more IIRC. Those files were installed so that future updates to the software are easily available for installation. For example, security/bug fixes. Admittedly this does mean that MS could in theory ship anything they wanted in their updates, but since that would damage their reputation, it is unlikely that will happen in practice. Note that as the user of the system, you will still have to install any available updates yourself, so you still have the option of rejecting those updates. Unless of course, you've told your system to automatically install all updates without confirmation, but I suspect you haven't done this given your concern about security.

The only alternatives that Microsoft has in this case are:

Don't provide any mechanism for automatic updates. This would be bad for security, since they would have to rely on end users manually downloading and installing every bug-/security-fix for the software. Users are unlikely to do this.
Implement some update mechanism outside of your Linux distro's standard package management system. This would be problematic since it would be a duplication of effort, and force users to learn a different update system. Integrating with the standard package management system provides a much more friendly experience.

If you really don't want to receive updates for this application, you can always delete those two files. However, if you want to do this, I'd recommend you first uninstall the software itself, so that you aren't running a never-updated version of it.

Some things Microsoft could improve about the package though:

Those files aren't part of the package, so they must be created by
some form of postinstall script. It'd be nice if the files were
directly included in the package so that a simple "dpkg -x file.deb"
would make it obvious they were going to be installed as part of the
package.
Running "apt purge teams" didn't remove the files. It'd be much better if a pre/postuninstall script in the package did this.

Microsoft's forums for user feedback on Teams appears to be:
https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/


What is the best way to upgrade all packages if you use a Desktop PC without a nobreak and with the possibility of a blackout happening?

Depends on what packages you're upgrading. If you're upgrading base system packages like dpkg, apt, python, grub with their dependencies, then their breaking could lead to serious issues.

You could try to download your upgrades first:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade --download-only

Then find reliable energy source and upgrade your system starting from the most important packages. Other packages like LibreOffice, gimp, DE and so on you could upgrade with possible blackouts. They more probably could be fixed by apt.

To be more specific, you could start with ubuntu-minimal package which depends on some set of required system packages.

But better buy an UPS.


change xorg.conf based on displaylink monitor detection using lightdm

Have you considered writing an init script that will check for those fb devices and copy the xorg.conf into place if they exist, then remove it when it shuts down?  You could add it to the boot order before X or lightdm actually starts up but after the DisplayLink adapter has been detected and the device created.  An init script is pretty simple, so that should solve your problem.


Which programs can I use to edit PDF files?

Option 1:

Use calibre  to convert the pdf file to rtf.
Open the rtf file in OpenOffice.
Make changes and then create a pdf out of it.

Option 2:

PDF Studio is a complete PDF editor.But you have to pay for the developers as it is a commercial software.

Option 3:

Use scribus  it might be useful for complex visual edits.

Option 4:

xournal


I had this same problem, I was able to position the background at the top left of the screen using:

background-position: 0 0;


you need install a package named nautilus-open-terminal :

or:

sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal

and restart nautilus:

nautilus -q && sleep 1 && nautilus -n

or logout and login again.


Network Manager Fails to Maintain A Long-Term Connection on 802.11x Networks

Have seen this when Network usage is high, or when the network switches get loaded in an Enterprise network, or the admins are testing the network. Would suggest that any logs from the system would be helpful to have though. Can you gather the output from /var/log/messages and see if there are errors there?

You can also check this site for some well-written debugging and troubleshooting tips.


Change the window manager unity-2d launches on login

Unity 2D is largely window-manager independent. However the Unity 2D session defines metacity as the window-manager and ignores the relevant gconf keys you listed.

If you look in /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions you will see the different sessions defined for the benefit of gnome-session.

You can create a new session. For example, here is mine, called 2d-ubuntu-compiz.session:

[GNOME Session]
Name=Unity 2D with Compiz
Required=windowmanager;panel;filemanager;
Required-windowmanager=compiz
Required-panel=unity-2d-panel
Required-filemanager=nautilus
DefaultApps=gnome-settings-daemon;unity-2d-launcher;
FallbackSession=classic-gnome

You could also change the line to
    Required-windowmanager=gnome-wm

which should then respect the gconf keys for the window manager.

Then all you need is to tell the logon manager (gdm) about your new session. Create a new file in /usr/share/xsessions. Here is mine, called unity-2D-compiz.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Unity 2D with Compiz
Comment=This session logs you into Unity 2D
Exec=gnome-session --session=2d-ubuntu-compiz
TryExec=gnome-session
Icon=
Type=Application
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=unity-2d


Go to the Ubuntu Software Center and search for "Terminal". Then click install.


continuous running of fans (overheating) on Dell XPS 15 9560

My guess is that something has been done with the graphics drivers. Until this is fixed, an intermediate solution is to switch to onboard graphics (see here). In short, run nvidia-settings and select PRIME Profiles and use Intel (Power Saving Mode).

This is the image from the link:

You should see the change in Details


Removing MAC OS X and installing clean Ubuntu

Make a USB stick with Ubuntu and boot from it. Select "Try Ubuntu".

Then open GParted and select Device → Create Partition Table. This will destroy all partitions on the disk. DON'T DO THIS IF THERE IS ANY DATA YOU WANT TO RECOVER. In this case either copy all data to an external hard drive or to a USB stick or ask me about it in the comments if you're dealing with too much data. If your internal hard drive is less than 2 TiB in size, choose "msdos" (default). If it's bigger than 2 TiB, you might have to choose "gpt", depends on how big you want your partitions to be. If you have disk bigger than 4 TiB, alsways select "gpt". You cannot make partitions bigger than 2 TiB with "msdos" and you cannot make any new partitions after the fist 2 TiB with "msdos". That's why there are the limits of 2 TiB under which it's better to choose "msdos" and 4 TiB over which "gpt" is the way to go. Note that this is a disk specific choice. You will be able connect 6 TiB external hard drives, no problems, even if you choose "msdos" for your internal disk.

Then make the partitions as you wish. Make a swap if you might run out of ram and make ext4 partitions for system, home, whatever you want. If you only want one partition, that's also fine.

Then start the installation and when you get to the point where you're asked where to install Ubuntu, select "something else". Then choose the ext4 partition you made as /. This is where your system will go. If you made other partitions for home, etc., also select them.


Do these GUI-based applications also execute the same command in the background?

Yes and no. They write to the dconf database of settings, but they could be using different ways to do so. Programs written in Python will likely use the gi.repository.Gio module (I know because I use it a lot) or they can instead use gsettings as an external command by calling subprocess.Popen(['gsettings','org.some.schema','some-key','value']), and it will basically run as a shell command. A C program will use something similar, likely a gio.h library, or it could even use the exec() family of functions to do the same as Popen does in python. So to answer your title question: "Do GUI based application execute shell commands in the background?" They can, but likely it's not necessary because there's a library for whatever language that app is written in, and likely it's gonna be a bit faster to use a library function, than spawning a new process.

To give you a sample of how it's done with libraries/modules, feel free to take a look at the source code of my launcher list indicator. There I have written a function to create an instance of the Gio.Settings class and then use it to modify the Unity launcher depending on the type of list you want to have there.

  How to have a peep at the internal working of these applications? I mean, is there any way of actually looking at the commands that are being executed at every click of button?

No. If you want to see which command is issued in that app's programming language as you press a button or click on window elements, then it's not possible. Read the source code of application, if it is possible to obtain it.  You can use dconf watch / to see what settings are being changed, but not how it's done.

Technically, if you know how to operate a debugger, read memory addresses, and know some assembly language, then you can know what an app does on the CPU and memory level. This is known as software reverse engineering and is frequently used by security professionals to analyze malicious software and discover vulnerabilities in legitimate software.

  Do these applications open up a terminal in the background and execute these commands?

No, there's no terminal attached. Many programs know where the dconf database for the user is located and write there. There's also an inter-process communication bus known as dbus, where programs can send signals, and a program will be like "Hey, that's a message for me!"

Addendum

Can applications run other applications ? Yes, that's done via standard fork() and execve() system calls. The essence of creating processes on Linux and other *nix systems is largely based on these two. Shell mechanism for running non-builtin commands uses that a lot in particular. When you run interactively

$ ls

the shell will create a new process via fork(), that process will run execve()  which will start ls. Because of how execve() that new forked process will be ls. The pipe() system call is what will help read back the output of ls. I strongly suggest reading my answer for What is the difference between pipe and redirection to understand how pipe mechanism works - it's not just | operator, but actually a syscall.
Can applications run shell commands ? No. Shell syntax is only understood by shell itself. What you can do, however, is start a shell with a command-line -c switch and provide appropriate commands. This is often used for custom shortcuts set in GNOME or other desktop environments, since custom shortcuts operate on executables and there is no shell to understand the syntax. Thus as an example, you'd do bash -c 'xdotool key Ctrl+Alt+T' to indirectly run xdotool command or bash -c 'cd $HOME/Desktop; touch New_File' to create new file on desktop via shortcut. This is particularly interesting example as you can use a shell variable, since you are using a shell explicitly.


Network Manager missing after update: no connectivity

You can try reinstalling the network-manager. To do it use the following commands:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall network-manager
sudo apt-get install --reinstall network-manager-gnome

To solve the problem of not able to install wicd, first install the dependencies.

sudo apt-get install wicd-daemon
sudo apt-get install python-wicd

Now, try installing wicd.


First of all you should have java installed on your system.If you don't have it, download it using this command line:  sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre

Now download the approprite XOWA version from here.

Then unzip it using the command(assuming that you have downloaded the 64bit version):unzip xowa_linux_64.jar

And then run it with command(assuming that you have downloaded the 64bit version):sh xowa_linux_64.sh

I think this should work.


apt-get to install a package and its first level dependencies only?

No.

There is no way to use apt-get and install packages without fulfilling dependencies. You can download the individual packages and use dpkg, but the packages will not be fully installed in that case, and programs may not even be startable.


Why user@hostname color changes after sourcing a file?

Because it loads the user setings specified in your /etc/bash.bashrc file. And the prompt settings may be different from your actual terminal context. For more details have a look at the other upvoted answers. :)


The problem is fixed. I dont exactly know what I changed to make it work but the steps I tool were:

Press esc on boot to get into terminal
Did an update to 13.04
Restarted
Took battery out of laptop (after black screen for ten minutes)
Waited 5 mins
Restarted
Booted but with text and no ubuntu logo but desktop loaded
After three daily updates it started working

I know.. It's a mystery for me but at least its now working :)


How to change the measurement unit from inch to cm in LiberOffice?

Open the Options dialog.

Click image to show animation
Go to General under LibreOffice Writer.

Change the measurement unit from inch to Centimeter.

Click OK.
Now the units are changed to cm.


Multimonitor on AMD Catalyst and 11.10 feels slowish

The AMD Catalyst 12.1+ version will fix your problems and improve performance in general. Download that one and test it out. It actually fixed several problems related to the 5800 series.


How do I delete file named -?]d?j??.? from system?

According to manual,

To remove a file whose name starts with a '-', for example '-foo', use one of these commands:

rm -- -foo
rm ./-foo

In you case enter:

rm -- -?]d?j??.?

or

rm -- '-?]d?j??.?'


How do I downgrade nvidia drivers in 12.04?

This page lists all the precise releases https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/precise/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers

The earliest one I've tried on 12.04 release  is https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers/290.10-0ubuntu2 which I've used on a 32bit install to workaround a restart issue

The 295.40 were to close a security issue though you're free to decide if it matters to you.

To downgrade use sudo dpkg -i packagename

(If you want the .deb, Go to where it says: BUILDS: Precise: amd64 i386 and download the binary package (.deb file) for your architecture.)


How to unzip files into the current directory?

Use the unzip -j ("junk paths") option, which will extract just the files without recreating the subdirectories.


Minitube via tsocks and tor does not play or download any video

Minitube has a bug which leads to no video output. A workaround is to install phonon-backend-vlc and to remove phonon-backend-gstreamer. Several user have reported to get the video output working.

However the deeper reason is a bug in gstreamer. It seems this was resolved. So the bug fix should slowly moving into Ubuntu.


upgrade to 14.04 interrupted, back to 13, dash broken

Assuming you're on 13.10 you can press ctrlaltF1 and run it from command line.

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core (this may already be there)
sudo do-release-upgrade


It may happen some files are corrupted.
In this case I would try the standard remedy: sudo apt-get update
It helps in 75% of problems.


Ubuntu 12.04 Installer doesn't detect partitions

Chances are you've got one of two issues:

A disk that uses motherboard-based software RAID (aka "fake RAID") and no appropriate software running in the Ubuntu installer; or leftover RAID data that's confusing the installer. You may be able to fix this problem by disabling RAID options in your firmware and/or typing sudo dmraid -Er /dev/sda in a Linux Terminal window. Note that this fix is risky; if the computer relies on RAID to boot and you remove the RAID data, you may no longer be able to boot.
A damaged partition table. Your disk uses the GUID Partition Table (GPT) so fdisk will be useless for repairing it. Instead, use gdisk; see the gdisk page on repairing partition table damage for more on this topic. If you need more advice on this, post back with some basic gdisk output, such as the output you see when you launch it, type p, and type v.


I had to deselect "Watch my library for new files" in Edit/Preferences to prevent rythmbox from using 100% cpu.


can't cd to any directory inside home when using rbash

From the rbash man page:

  A restricted shell is used to set up an environment more
  controlled than the standard shell. It behaves identically
  to bash with the exception that the following are disallowed
  or not performed:

  changing directories with cd

rbash does not discriminate. It will not allow any cd, no matter where you're going. Even if it's a subdirectory of the user's home folder.

IMHO in a real-life situation there really isn't a use for rbash. However, there are other things you can do to prevent users from seeing your stuff. For example, you could run:

chmod -R o= $HOME

This changes the permissions of all the files in your home folder ($HOME) and subdirectories (-R = recursively), giving other users no permissions (that's what the o= part means) to access, modify, or even list files within.

Hope this helps.


What are you trying from source? Usually when I have this kind of problem, it's because I don't have a -dev package installed for one of the dependencies. For example if XnetX was a dependency of a program I was trying to compile, I would need the XnetX-dev package installed from the software center. Doing this will download the source files for that package thereby allowing you to use the header and src files.


There is only 1 thing that could really fix this: update your UEFI/BIOS. And if there is none you need to ask the maker of the machine to provide an update. Your hardware is giving wrong information back to the kernel about ACPI. You did not tell if there is something not working so if you do not notice anything not working you can also ignore this message. From a couple of google searches it probably does mean you can not use suspend though.

Is there any kernel params that I can set to stop this bug?

Stop? Sure but that will disable all ACPI events; including the parts that do work. Use acpi=off in GRUB config.
Dell forums has an unresolved topic in this. But this also happens with HP zenbooks and a lot more machines.


Could I switch computers with my Ubuntu installation on an external hard drive?

Linux builds the device structure every time it boots so yes, that will work.
The only thing to do is to remove 3rd party drivers and generally those are the display and the wireless driver if you have different hardware. Please do make sure you have a wired connection to the internet to be able to download and install those drivers.


Ubuntu 14.04: A "click" after system halt

The sound is probably coming from your BIOS speaker and there is nothing to worry about. Not every laptop motherboard has a BIOS speaker.

BIOS speaker is an optional gadget for a motherboard.

It is probably a driver problem so it is software related. But this sound is not a harmful sound and you don't have to reinstall your driver.

BIOS speaker:


The first set of numbers is probably nothing to do with the permission set for the file. If you got this information using ls -l then that number corresponds to the file size in bytes.
The octal values are not displayed in this format, but the 'human readable' is. The way that I remember octals is that the first of the four digits is to do with special bits (setuid, setgid, sticky) these are for more advanced usage, so I wouldn't worry about them straight away. Then each human readable set of rwx makes up the value of the next 3 digits, which are ordered by owner, group and everyone. r=4, w=2 and x=1, so read/write is 4+2=6.
The Ubuntu help page is pretty clear I think.
I'd also suggest using ls -lh to list files, as the file size is converted to human readable, so it's output is in Kilobytes, Megabytes and Gigabytes.


What does lint_package_filename_format mean?

This is a warning message only. It is recommended that the filename for a .click or .snap package follows the format packagename_version_architecture.extension, where:

packagename is the fully-qualified package name with developer namespace, e.g. foopackage.johndoe.
version is the package version, e.g. 0.1.
architecture is the target architecture of any compiled binaries in the package, e.g. armhf or amd64.  If the package contains no compiled code, all should be used.  If the package is a "fat" package, containing binaries for multiple architectures, multi should be used.
extension is either click or snap.


How can I install subversion client in Ubuntu?

Your question in fact contains the answer.

Install the subversion commandline tool using sudo apt-get install subversion.
Use the client by typing the command svn command [options] [args].
Do not do anything else. The server will not start and you can happily use the client without the server. You will also not have GUI access.

The subversion package

  includes the Subversion client (svn), repository administration tools
  (svnadmin, svnlook) and a network server (svnserve).

Installing the whole packages (including both server and client) might seem like a lot of overhead, but it is the most easily maintainable solution. You easily get future updates, security releases and more. Also if ever one of your users desperately needs a subversion server, it is only a few commands away.

Use svn --version for the modules included:

* ra_neon : Module for accessing a repository via WebDAV protocol using Neon.
  - handles 'http' scheme
  - handles 'https' scheme
* ra_svn : Module for accessing a repository using the svn network protocol.
  - with Cyrus SASL authentication
  - handles 'svn' scheme
* ra_local : Module for accessing a repository on local disk.
  - handles 'file' scheme
* ra_serf : Module for accessing a repository via WebDAV protocol using serf.
  - handles 'http' scheme
  - handles 'https' scheme

and use svn --help for more information. The available commands illustrate that the subversion package is the way to go.

   add
   blame (praise, annotate, ann)
   cat
   changelist (cl)
   checkout (co)
   cleanup
   ...

You could also install svnkit, but that comes with a lot of java dependencies. Here is the official screenshot for the package (you can find it in synaptic):

For more information read http://svnbook.red-bean.com/ and http://subversion.apache.org.


RSS reader that can sync across computers?

If by synchronisation, you mean that you want items to be mark as 'read' on each computer and platform you should definitevely use Google Reader as your web rss reader.

Then, you can use Liferea on your Ubuntu desktop, it synchronises with Google Reader from 1.6 version.

Just use Software center to install it.


It could be that some other package or package update is already downloading, and it hasn't finished downloading yet, so the /var/lib/dpkg/ directory is locked until it finishes. Try to install alien again in a couple of hours.


How do I get Adobe Flash Player installed on Ubuntu Linux?

Open the terminal (push Ctrl+Alt+T) and type the following commands:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer

After that (assuming you use Firefox), make sure you get the Shockwave Flash add-on. You can do that by opening Firefox, pushing Ctrl+Shift+A, and then searching for Shockwave Flash.

That should do the trick!


Cannot connect to WiFi available networks in 17.04

The post here was actually the solution.
It worked with a twist for me. I had to remove and insert the USB adapter to connect. (Yep! that was silly)

Thanks Sumeet Deshmukh for the help.


How can I install Ubuntu without removing Windows?

The instructions below are for Ubuntu 11.10.  Other versions will be similar but might have a slightly different appearance or order. You must make sure that Windows is correctly shutdown (no Hibernation, no Suspend, no Fast Boot) and your NTFS drive is healthy.

Boot from your Ubuntu CD or USB stick.  When prompted, choose "Install Ubuntu".

Ensure that you meet all the installation prerequisites.  Ideally, connect to the internet at this time as well.

If you have wireless network hardware and there is an available network, you can (optionally) connect to it at this time.

Be certain to choose "Install Ubuntu alongside Windows" (or "other operating systems" or other similar wording, depending on your system configuration).  This is the important step that will ensure that Ubuntu and windows are both available after the installation.

Choose how much space to give to Ubuntu and Windows.  How much you give each one is up to you.

Complete the rest of the installation by setting your timezone and entering information about your computer and yourself.

Enjoy the informative slide show while the system installs.

Restart and enjoy Ubuntu!

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/windows-installer


How to remotely change audio volume on Ubuntu Touch device?

After having connected to your device using ssh, give:

pactl set-sink-volume 0 <percentage> # (for example "-50%")


Why can I not use geany to edit a file with the append-only attribute?

So you set the append-only attribute on a file with:

chattr +a test.txt

And editing it on a text editor such as Geany doesn't work...

That's somewhat expected, since text editors will not save their buffers to a file by appending to the file, instead they'll rewrite the file when done editing.

While technically possible for a text editor to support editing append-only files, that's not really trivial to implement, since first they'd have to detect this specifically (using the equivalent of the lsattr command) and then work on a mode that would be compatible with that setting, keeping track of how much was in the original file, then preventing modifications to those lines while editing the file and also implementing a separate routine to save an append-only file, which would open the file for appending and only write the lines added in this edit session.

This is quite a niche use case for a text editor, so I don't really know of any text editors which have implementing this, even though it would be technically possible...

The append-only attribute is meant not really as a flag to be consumed by applications (in other words, normal programs are typically not expected to query whether a file has that attribute set), but instead as a safety measure to prevent mistakes from destroying important data.

For example, this attribute makes a lot of sense in log files, where a syslog application should only append to the file and never overwrite or truncate it. Setting this flag is useful in case a syslog application (or other program manipulating log files) has bugs or is misconfigured and would trigger an action that would clobber the file. In that case, the attribute prevents the program from destroying important data, instead simply returning an error to the misbehaving program.


In default Ubuntu, there is no way to restore your package state to a previous state. You can however downgrade individual packages using the procedure indicated in another AskUbuntu post.
The software Timeshift allows to take "snapshots" of the system, so you can roll back to a previous state. It is installed by default in Linux Mint, but you can also install and use it on Ubuntu.


fatal error: sys/cdefs.h: No such file or directory|

If you are on an amd64 installation, you can try to install the package libc6-dev-i386. This helped me solve the same issue you encountered while trying to compile smm from i8kutils.


Ubuntu shortcuts not working when Chrome text fields are highlighted

Had the same problem.
What worked for me was that I changed the order of language input on my system. Make sure your default language (the one you use the most) is the first on the 'Region & Languages' input sources tab. That would make your shortcuts work when using the first language, but not the second.

Hope this helps.


Just install the ssh-askpass-gnome package.

Then add an ssh-add.desktop file to ~/.config/autostart directory, with the following content :

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=/usr/bin/ssh-add
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Name=SSH agent passphrase


How do you create a process list ''file'' like process.txt on windows?

ps -eo comm,pid,%cpu,%mem --sort -%cpu > procs.txt

You can see the STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS in the manual of ps from man page with man ps and choose what to display


Removing mail-stack-delivery doesn't remove its components

I figured it out, the correct command is:

$ sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove mail-stack-delivery


This question reads as a graphics issue on boot - possibly an incompatibility between proprietary graphics drivers and KMS - or possibly a problem with the default opensource graphics drivers.

There is not any detail in the question as to what graphics the 'friend' has in his computer, so try the following generic advice:

Add a grub boot option i.e. nomodeset for nvidia/ati or either i915.modeset=0 or  i915.modeset=1 for intel based graphics.

See this question and answer on how to add those boot options and it also gives advice on how to fix it permanently in grub.


Problem with Checklist status on Landscape in Ubuntu Openstack - Canonical Distribution

I've found this solution

Landscape OpenStack Installation Requirements Checklist

changed the bus disk from virtio in IDE on virt-manager for each vnode I've resolved that.

Now all Checklist are green


You need in the file property "camunda-modeler" to mark the item "allow the execution of the file as a program." Then run it from the terminal: camunda-modeler

To register the program in the OS, you can run the file "support/xdg_register.sh", also marking it executable


Reliability of Ubuntu 16.04 on MacBook Air >= 2013-mid?

Macbooks are well supported in 16.04. See the MacBook page on the Ubuntu Wiki.

You can also look at the MacBookAir page. UEFI has been well-supported by GRUB and Ubuntu since 12.x release. Although I guess only 64-bit will work.


How to add different drive ubuntu to BCD manually

Ok I did it.

First, I had to create a core.img that point to my drive explicity, Like this:

grub-mkimage --output=/tmp/core.img --prefix=\(hd3,1\)/boot/grub --format=i386-pc biosdisk part_msdos ext2

Second, I had to concatenate the lnxboot.img and core.img to create a image that can be booted by the boot sector application of the BCD Store.

cat /boot/lnxboot.img /tmp/core.img > /tmp/g2ldr

Third, I had to copy the g2ldr image to my windows partition and added to my BCD Store with a boot sector application.

Now I can boot Ubuntu from the boot manager of the BCD Store.

Links:

http://blog.mudy.info/2010/08/boot-grub2-stage2-directly-from-windows-bootmgr-with-grub4dos-stage1/

http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub.html#Images


Faulty upgrade from 10.4 to 10.10 Can I redo the upgrade without erasing all the existing mess?

I had the same thing happen to me. Using help from IRC, here's what I did:

Boot from a live CD. Open a terminal. Type:

sudo su root
mount [your root partition] /mnt
chroot /mnt
aptitude update
aptitude upgrade

Then reboot.

If those last two lines don't work after you reboot back into your installation, repeat the first three lines and then type:

sudo apt-get update
sudo dpkg -configure -a
sudo apt-get upgrade --fix-broken


You could try to use the xrdp-sesadmin command line. Reading around, it seems that this utility can be used to manage running xrdp session.  I never tried this so I do not know if this would work for you.

You can also try to use the ps utility, from a terminal type something like this:

ps -ef | grep vnc

ps -ef h | grep vnc | grep `whoami`


Go to Synaptic Package Manager and choose the part installed packages to list out only installed packages

then,
Search on OpenOffice

Mark all OpenOffice packages that are found for complete removal by right-clicking on them.

Do the same thing searching OO3

Or Run

sudo apt-get remove openoffice*.*


Can you copy files with invalid filenames to ntfs and change the name automatically?

Check this answer:
https://superuser.com/questions/178025/linux-copy-to-fat32-filesystem-invalid-argument
In short, install pax:
sudo apt install pax

Now instead of doing:
cp -r sourcedir destdir

to copy a directory tree, you can instead run:
pax -rw -s '/[*?:]/_/gp' sourcedir destdir

This way pax will rename only the copies of the files when necessary.
Each * or ? or : character will be replaced with a _ character automatically.  This means it is potentially possible that multiple files will receive the same new name.


Dude, I'm sorry to say but it seems like you might have to reinstall Ubuntu, mate.

Do you have access to a terminal? In that case it may be enough to just reinstall the Ubuntu desktop and unity:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity

Those are the packages that seems to be screwing up. Good luck, mate!


I have done exactly this in the past when upgrading to 11.04 broke my ability to use JACK with my soundcard (although it is no longer a problem with the latest kernel).

I simply added the previous distribution's APT line to /etc/apt/sources.list (or in a separate file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d), e.g.

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates main restricted

After updating the package list in aptitude, the previous 2.6.32 kernel versions were available in the list. Adding the older repository does not break anything else because apt will not by default downgrade packages, and all of the previous distribution's packages are older or equal to currently-installed versions.

Also as Dananjaya says, if you upgraded from an earlier distribution you should still have the older kernels installed anyway. However, you may want to add the APT line as suggested above in order to get security updates for that older kernel.


.sh files won't run, even after permission given

There are two reasons why a simple script on linux may not execute:

The path is not correct.
Unlike Windows, the current directory is not in the search path of the shell. So, to call a script in the current directory, you have to specify the current directory with the dot . before the name of the script: ./script.sh. Alternatively you can specify the full path: /home/user/script.sh
The script file is missing.
Or it is under a different path. This the same as above.

You can execute scripts in two ways:

specify the name (with path) on the commandline. And - if the permissions are correct - the file will be run with the shell (if the shebang is correct)
use the shell command sh and specify the script as argument. Then, it's not necessary to specify the path, however the shell needs to be able to find the script. You would execute a script in the current directory like this: sh script.sh


How to keep icon in unity launcher and remove from desktop?

Instead of drag and drop to the Unity launcher, simply move the icon to ~/.local/share/applications in which ~ is your home folder.

Create one if any of these folders doesn’t exist.

After moving it to the folder, the icon will appear on Dash and can be locked to the launcher.

Edit: I forgot to mention if you wanted all users to see the icon, you should move it to the directory /usr/share/applications/.


How to prevent BleachBit from resetting file associations

Maybe this one? Please let me know how it goes

[Cached File Extensions *]
LangSecRef=3025
Detect=HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows
Warning=This possibly will reset default programs back to default on Windows 8/8.1.
RegKey1=HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\FileExts
RegKey2=HKU\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\FileExts


According to this release note for version 1.4.99.2 from 26 May 2014, syncevolution offers basic iCloud interoperability:

  It now [...] works with iCloud. However, syncing with iCloud ran into a server bug (reported as 17001498 "CalDAV REPORT drops calendar data") and needs further work.

Another solution is suggested in this blog:

  I used a software from http://icloud.niftyside.com/ which I installed on my Uberspace. It was just unpacking it into a directory of the webserver and visiting the site. Then entering my credentials and I got all the URLs.


The problem is with the digikam package which either needs to:

depend on a package which provides libcxcore;
install libcxcore together with the program.

libcxcore is not available in the Ubuntu archives. It might be available on that PPA, though after a quick look I could not find it.

  What should I do to find the error and fix it?

To resolve the problem you should either find a package that provides libcxcore or package the library by yourself.

  Can I raise an issue with the PPA creator through launchpad?

Yes, you should: the package needs to be fixed because either its requirements are not fully specified in the control file, or it doesn't ship all the required files.


How to solve visual problems with the dash home?

Yes! I had the same problem, and solved it by switching graphics drivers.

Go to System Settings -> Software Sources -> Additional Drivers, and select a different driver.


error/message: the disk drive for /home is not ready... when connecting an external hard drive

I think I can see what your problem might be now. Ubuntu maps your drives to names like /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2, etc. The /etc/fstab file is telling Ubuntu to look for your home partition on /dev/sda6, but your new SATA drive seems to be getting assigned that label when it's connected.

If you can make sense of this page on the Ubuntu wiki, you may be able to fix your issue by replacing /dev/sda6 with your home partition's UUID in /etc/fstab.


Install Ubuntu18.04.3 on this year's Acer Helios 300 Predator PH315-52 laptop

1) Install it using the Ubuntu installer after downloading the ISO for the release and  flavour of Ubuntu you want, and making a LiveUSB to install from. If you wish to keep your existing Windows 10 with its special apps, you can do so; the installer lets you create a Dual Boot option where Windows 10 and Ubuntu are installed on their own partitions on your SSD. You won't be apple to run PredatorSense and Waves MaxxAudio in Ubuntu, but you can still use them when you boot from Windows.

If you have NVIDIA and/or WiFi issues, come back here and let us know in a separate question. Please make sure to include what you type in or selected and what error messages you got when you do. It would be very nice, when you say you read about problems, to have the web link back to what you read which concerns you.

2) Once installed, take a look at fan control packages such as Ubuntu smart fan and fan controlling daemon, among others. To replace Waves Maxaudio, there's Pulse Effects, Jack with CALF Plugins, and LSP, among others. It's Ubuntu, we have answers.


Stuck Unity desktop Hand icon Ubuntu 15.10

You can try reloading the mouse module:

Press Alt + F2 for command execution

command (unloads the module)

  gksudo modprobe -r psmouse

command (loads the module)

  gksudo modprobe psmouse

If you don't need the chrome session, try killing the chrome window:

Alt + F2 again and then:

  xkill

The mouse cursor should witch to an "X". Click the chrome window to kill it.


How to set busybox as login shell of a user?

You would have to start busybox with sh as parameter. Best would be to write a little wrapper:

mkdir -p /usr/local/share/busybox
echo "/bin/busybox sh" > /usr/local/share/busybox/sh
chmod +x /usr/local/share/busybox/sh

Then test the login:

su - -s /usr/local/share/busybox/sh wood

If successful you can add /usr/local/share/busybox/sh as the user's shell.

usermod -s /usr/local/share/busybox/sh MYUSER

I quickly tried to symlink busybox to /usr/local/share/busybox/sh but that did not work. So therefore the wrapper script.


Download the java SE from ORACLE site (zip or tgz), find a way to put your packed file on the Ubuntu box then unpackit.

Let say you do unpack at /opt/jdk_xyz

add then on your .bashrc file in your home directory the folowwing

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk_xyz
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin


NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver - Lubuntu 20.04

Check the requirements for cuda 11.1, Your Quadro 2000 has only a compute capability of 2.1, so is limited to CUDA 8.0.
See Legacy Quadro products
See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28932864/cuda-compute-capability-requirements for the list of CUDA version vs compute capability


There was no /etc/default/grub file, so how come my system was able to boot?

Reinstall the package and hope for the best:

sudo apt-get --reinstall install grub-pc

Actually the file is not critical for the boot, just to configure the boot when you execute sudo update-grub. If the file doesn't exist, then all values are default ones, like you didn't set them up.


Error opening directory “/media/" Permission denied... virtualbox

Any ideas?

Check help

  For Linux and Oracle Solaris guests, access is restricted to members of
  the group vboxsf

Add user to vboxsf group

sudo adduser <username> vboxsf


The best real book I have found is UNIX and Linux System Administration Handbook
Everyone will learn something from this book. It is awesome.

For Ubuntu specifically, the Official Ubuntu Documentation is fairly hard to beat.

If you really want to get a good understanding of linux, why not build your own installation from scratch?


Can't access my ubuntu 16 from outside my network

The problem is that you use on both servers port 80 and your port 80 from your router is forwarded to your macbook pro.

You have following options:

to get another public IP address and place your ubuntu server in the new subnet and forward port 80 to your ubuntu server
Combine both macbook pro and ubuntu machine sites into one server installation. You can configure Web server Apache to respond to two domain names on the same ip address you are using now. The apache will react to the domain typed in the address bar and respond with the respective site. In this case you will need to forward the port 80 to your new combined server.
For ubuntu server use another port - for instance 8080 and forward this port to your ubuntu machine. You can also forward external port 8080 to the port 80 of your ubuntu server. The external port 80 would be forwarded to port 80 of your macbook pro.
Forward port 80 to your ubuntu server and in Apache setup for a second domain a reverse proxy, which will forward requests for the macbook site to your macbook pro.

The question is whether the sites will be publicly available to anyone or will be used just by you. For the publicly available sites you have to take option 1, option 2 or option 4, for the sites accessed by you the option No. 3 is the most viable.


Screen magnifier wrecks login screen — how to get rid of it?

If you don't want it, remove it:

sudo apt-get remove gnome-mag

There's probably a way to turn it off but I can't see anything particularly bad about this seeing as you don't want it.

That will probably take gnome-accessibility with it but, again, that shouldn't cause any problems. If you need anything gnome-accessibility installed (dasher, orca, gok, mousetweaks, etc) you can mark them as a manual install in Synaptic.

Edit: If you just want to turn it off on the login screen (but use it elsewhere), fire this off from a terminal:

sudo -u gdm gconftool-2 /desktop/gnome/applications/at/screen_magnifier_enabled --type bool --set false


How do I detect when the system suspends?

Try putting the following in /etc/pm/sleep.d. This should be independent of whether your machine uses APM or ACPI.

#!/bin/sh

LOGFILE="/var/log/sleep.log"

case "$1" in
        resume)
                echo "Resumed from suspend at `date`" >> "$LOGFILE"
                ;;
        thaw)
                echo "Resumed from hibernation at `date`" >> "$LOGFILE"
                ;;
        suspend)
                echo "Suspended to ram at `date`" >> "$LOGFILE"
                ;;
        hibernate)
                echo "Hibernated to disk at `date`" >> "$LOGFILE"
                ;;
esac


How do I show the language (keyboard layout) indicator in the panel?

if you go to the Activities panel and type in keyboard the first thing that pops up should be keyboard input which should add an item to your panel where you can modify this setting.


What is the difference between minimal, desktop & server Editions?

The difference comes from the kernel and software installed.

Minimal: just the enough software to get you to a working command line. The kernel is normal.
Server: In pre-precise versions (i.e., before 12.04 LTS) you had the choice to install the server kernel, which works with lower latency and with different task scheduler. This install still gets you to the command line
Desktop: Normal kernel, default selection of software, and you get the graphical user interface.

They only differ from the installed packages, which you can later easily modify. If you want to install a server, choose the server version, if you want to use it as a desktop, choose the desktop version. If you need more performance, compile your own kernel from source.

Btw: if you want a lowlatency kernel, you can install the package for it (this has been available starting in precise). Your system will be more responsive but the CPU usage will be higher.


What is the exact function of the 'export' bulliten?

export is used to set variable which is accessible from a shell executed from your current shell.

> x=1
> export y=2
> echo $x $y
1 2
> bash
> echo $x $y
2

.bashrc is executed every time when you open new shell, so if I set y=2 there, it would be known in every new shell without using export


How can I turn my desktop Ubuntu 8.04 into a command line only install?

This

sudo apt-get remove alacarte app-install-data-commercial apport-gtk apturl at-spi binfmt-support bluez-gnome brasero brltty-x11 capplets-data cli-common compiz compiz-core compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-gnome compiz-plugins compizconfig-backend-gconf contact-lookup-applet dcraw deskbar-applet desktop-file-utils dmz-cursor-theme doc-base docbook-xml ekiga eog espeak espeak-data evince evolution evolution-common evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-exchange evolution-plugins evolution-webcal example-content f-spot fast-user-switch-applet file-roller firefox firefox-3.0 firefox-3.0-branding firefox-3.0-gnome-support firefox-gnome-support gamin gcalctool gconf-editor gconf2 gconf2-common gdebi gdm gdm-guest-session gedit gedit-common ggzcore-bin gimp gimp-data gksu gnome-about gnome-accessibility-themes gnome-app-install gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-cards-data gnome-control-center gnome-desktop-data gnome-doc-utils gnome-games gnome-games-data gnome-icon-theme gnome-keyring gnome-mag gnome-media gnome-media-common gnome-menus gnome-mime-data gnome-mount gnome-netstatus-applet gnome-nettool gnome-orca gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-power-manager gnome-screensaver gnome-session gnome-settings-daemon gnome-spell gnome-system-monitor gnome-system-tools gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes gnome-user-guide gnome-utils gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio gstreamer0.10-schroedinger gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-x gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-murrine gtk2-engines-pixbuf gucharmap guile-1.8-libs gvfs gvfs-backends gvfs-bin gvfs-fuse human-icon-theme human-theme hwtest hwtest-gtk jockey-gtk language-selector libart2.0-cil libasound2-plugins libatspi1.0-0 libavahi-glib1 libavahi-gobject0 libavahi-ui0 libavc1394-0 libbabl-0.0-0 libbeagle1 libbonobo2-0 libbonobo2-common libbonoboui2-0 libbonoboui2-common libcairo-perl libcairomm-1.0-1 libcamel1.2-14 libcanberra-gnome libcanberra-gtk-module libcanberra-gtk0 libcanberra0 libcdio-cdda0 libcdio-paranoia0 libcdio7 libcompizconfig0 libcryptui0 libdecoration0 libdeskbar-tracker libdmx1 libdv4 libebackend1.2-0 libebook1.2-9 libecal1.2-7 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-11 libedataserverui1.2-8 libeel2-2 libeel2-data libegroupwise1.2-13 libespeak1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libexempi3 libflickrnet2.1.5-cil libfreezethaw-perl libgadu3 libgail-gnome-module libgamin0 libgconf2-4 libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-google1.2-1 libgdata1.2-1 libgdiplus libgegl-0.0-0 libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgimp2.0 libgksu2-0 libglade2-0 libglade2.0-cil libglew1.5 libglib-perl libglib2.0-cil libglibmm-2.4-1c2a libglitz-glx1 libglitz1 libgmime-2.0-2a libgmime2.2-cil libgnome-desktop-2-7 libgnome-keyring0 libgnome-keyring1.0-cil libgnome-mag2 libgnome-media0 libgnome-menu2 libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-speech7 libgnome-vfs2.0-cil libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2-0 libgnome2-canvas-perl libgnome2-common libgnome2-perl libgnome2-vfs-perl libgnome2.0-cil libgnomecanvas2-0 libgnomecanvas2-common libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd-common libgnomekbd3 libgnomekbdui3 libgnomeprint2.2-0 libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomeui-0 libgnomeui-common libgnomevfs2-0 libgnomevfs2-bin libgnomevfs2-common libgnomevfs2-extra libgp11-0 libgpod3 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0 libgtk2-perl libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtkhtml-editor-common libgtkhtml-editor0 libgtkhtml2-0 libgtkhtml3.14-19 libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-common libgtkspell0 libgtop2-7 libgtop2-common libgucharmap7 libgvfscommon0 libgweather-common libgweather1 libhesiod0 libidl0 libiec61883-0 libjpeg-progs libkpathsea4 liblaunchpad-integration1 liblircclient0 liblpint-bonobo0 libmbca0 libmeanwhile1 libmetacity0 libmldbm-perl libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo1.0-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib1.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil libmono-data-tds1.0-cil libmono-data-tds2.0-cil libmono-i18n1.0-cil libmono-i18n2.0-cil libmono-security1.0-cil libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip0.84-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil libmono-sqlite2.0-cil libmono-system-data1.0-cil libmono-system-data2.0-cil libmono-system-web1.0-cil libmono-system-web2.0-cil libmono-system1.0-cil libmono-system2.0-cil libmono0 libmono1.0-cil libmono2.0-cil libnautilus-burn4 libnautilus-extension1 libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libnet-dbus-perl libnotify1 liboil0.3 liboobs-1-4 libopal-2.2 libopenobex1 liborbit2 libpam-gnome-keyring libpanel-applet2-0 libpangomm-1.4-1 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpolkit-gnome0 libpoppler-glib3 libportaudio0 libpt-1.10.10 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l2 libpulse-browse0 libpulsecore5 libpurple-bin libpurple0 librarian0 librsvg2-common libschroedinger-1.0-0 libscim8c2a libsexy2 libshout3 libsilc-1.1-2 libsndfile1 libsoup2.4-1 libspeexdsp1 libsqlite0 libstartup-notification0 libtie-ixhash-perl libtotem-plparser12 libtracker-gtk0 libtrackerclient0 libuuid-perl libv4l-0 libvte-common libvte9 libwnck-common libwnck22 libwv-1.2-3 libx11-xcb1 libxevie1 libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpath-perl libxml2-utils libxres1 libzephyr3 metacity metacity-common mobile-broadband-provider-info mono-common mono-gac mono-jit mono-runtime mousetweaks mtools nautilus nautilus-cd-burner nautilus-data nautilus-sendto nautilus-share network-manager-gnome notification-daemon obex-data-server onboard openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-otr pkg-config policykit-gnome pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat pulseaudio-module-gconf pulseaudio-module-hal pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils python-beagle python-brlapi python-cairo python-gconf python-gdata python-glade2 python-gmenu python-gnome2 python-gnome2-desktop python-gnomecanvas python-gst0.10 python-gtk2 python-gtkhtml2 python-gtksourceview2 python-launchpad-integration python-notify python-numeric python-pkg-resources python-pyatspi python-pyorbit python-rdflib python-sexy python-virtkey python-vte rarian-compat rhythmbox rss-glx scim scim-bridge-agent scim-bridge-client-gtk scim-gtk2-immodule scim-modules-socket screen-resolution-extra screensaver-default-images seahorse seahorse-plugins sgml-data software-properties-gtk sqlite sqlite3 ssh-askpass-gnome synaptic syslinux system-config-printer-gnome system-tools-backends tangerine-icon-theme tomboy totem totem-common totem-gstreamer totem-mozilla totem-plugins tracker tracker-search-tool tracker-utils transmission-common transmission-gtk tsclient ubufox ubuntu-artwork ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-gdm-themes ubuntu-sounds ubuntu-system-service ubuntu-wallpapers untex update-manager update-notifier usb-creator vinagre vino whois wv xbase-clients xbitmaps xdg-user-dirs-gtk xsane xsane-common xscreensaver xscreensaver-data xscreensaver-gl xsltproc xterm xulrunner-1.9 xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support yelp zenity

should work. But be careful that nothing is removed that you might still need.


Can ps filters be combined with AND rather than OR logic

No; this is documented in the manpage:

Except as described below, process selection options are additive.
The default selection is discarded, and then the selected processes
are added to the set of processes to be displayed. A process will
thus be shown if it meets any of the given selection criteria.

The exception:
--deselect
      Select all processes except those that fulfill the specified
      conditions (negates the selection).  Identical to -N
...
-N    Select all processes except those that fulfill the specified
      conditions (negates the selection).  Identical to --deselect.

(Of course, NOT (A OR B) = (NOT A) AND (NOT B), so you might be able to cook something up if you're more interested in negative matches, but this would be too unwieldy otherwise.)


You can use the following command (enhanced version of terdon's proposal):

pactl list sinks | perl -000ne 'if(/#1/){/Volume:.*\s+(\d+)%.*\s+(\d+)%/; exit(1) if ($1>50 or $2>50)}'

It will check that both Left and Right channels are above 50%, and will exit with the value 1 (0 instead)

You can check the exit code with echo $?:

$ pactl list sinks | perl -000ne 'if(/#1/){/Volume:.*\s+(\d+)%.*\s+(\d+)%/; exit(1) if ($1<=50 or $2<=50)}'
$ echo $?
0

UPDATE:

To include the following command in a shell script, simply use the following snippet:

#!/bin/bash

pactl list sinks | perl -000ne 'if(/#1/){/Volume:.*\s+(\d+)%.*\s+(\d+)%/; exit(1) if ($1>50 and $2>50)}'
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "Volume > 50%"
else
    echo "Volume <= 50%"
fi


Does upgrading Ubuntu install again the packages I uninstalled?

First, let's get the terms straight so there is no misunderstanding.

An upgrade occurs frequently (daily/weekly) and keeps you on the same release of Ubuntu.

A release-upgrade occurs every 6 months (or 2 years for LTS) and migrates you to a newer release of Ubuntu.

A dist-upgrade is a Debian term for migrating to a newer release of Debian. It's a slightly different method, and you might see references to it in the documentation. We do not test dist-upgrades, nor recommend their use in Ubuntu.

Okay, now to answer your question:
A daily/weekly upgrade will replace only packages that you already have installed. It won't install new packages. (However, you likely intended to ask about a release-upgrade instead)
A 6-month/2-year release-upgrade does require the update-manager-core package. It also will indeed install some new packages, and will orphan some obsolete packages. A release-upgrade generally won't reinstall packages that you have uninstalled (unless something on your system needs them).

Advice: Release-upgrades can sometimes go wrong on highly-customized systems. If you have made a lot of changes, you can improve the likelihood of a clean, error-free release-upgrade by restoring your system to as close to stock condition as possible.
That means uninstalling your customizations and re-installing the update-manager-core and ubuntu-desktop packages. Backing up your data is wise, too. After the successful release-upgrade, you can restore your customizations.


You can use fglrxinfo:

user@machine$ LIBGL_DEBUG=verbose fglrxinfo 2>&1 | grep fglrx
libGL: AtiGetClientDriverName: 8.98.2 fglrx (screen 0)


How do i make QtCreator to stop using both gtk+2.x and gtk3

Thanks to @dobey i followed his suggestion to compile opencv using cmake.

So here's how i got it working.
Earlier i compiled just WITH_GTK=ON but it didn't work.
I had to compile opencv using cmake with flags WITH_GTK=ON & WITH_GTK_2_X=ON.


Is it faster to run a windows program in windows or in WINE with a barebones OS?

This will depend very heavily on driver support in Wine, but my experience has been that Wine is often slightly slower, even with up to date drivers and the same hardware.  My presumption is that this occurs because Wine is less efficient at servicing Windows API calls than Windows is, often translating those calls to Linux API calls and passing them on (which inherently takes a small amount of time).

It's very possible this is dependent on version, on both sides and Wine version, so I can't call my experience definitive.


How do I disable Trim so I may have a shot at recovering a doc on my SSD?

I don't think trim is enabled by default
to enable it add the discard option in fstab to use the fstrim command

I just looked it up it seems to be default for only intel and samsung SSDs
on my system this is noted in /etc/cron.weekly/fstrim
After reading /sbin/fstrim-all it works on more that just those 2 brands
Patriot, SanDisk, and OCZ also get it buy default

in 16.04 there is no longer a /sin/fstrim-all script so I cant be sure what brands it will trim, but trim is still called weekly

Related question:
How to disable TRIM on SSDs in Ubuntu


What version of Ubuntu are you using? Because 11.10 (and 12.04) have node package manager in the repositories so it can be installed through the software centre or by

sudo apt-get install npm

p.s. If you posted on the forums people would be able to walk you through exactly what you are trying to do.


USB Wifi adapter Realtek 8811AU/8812AU not recognized

I found the solution using this, https://medium.com/@at15/ubuntu-16-04-8811au-wireless-driver-d29d6929a50c

its just simple drivers download and installation for the specific chip which is Realtek 8811AU/8812AU


Is there a way to get the Unity title bar behavior and NOTHING ELSE?

From a quick scout about it appears that unity isn't modular at present, so you can't have the globalmenu without unity.

But you can effectively remove the unity dock from your desktop.

Install CCSM apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Under the Ubuntu Unity Plugin section make the following changes:

Reveal Mode: Change this so that none of the edges are selected
Set Hide Launcher to 'Auto-hide'
Clear the short-cut keys

That will make the unity dock disappear immediately after launching.

You can then get your gnome-panels back by adding 'gnome-panel' to your start-up applications using the control centre.


There are several solutions:

Change /etc/passwd from another Linux instance, found here:

Warning: Only do this if you're in a reasonably safe environment (PC/laptop in   home or office) etc - don't do it on a Internet connected, ssh enabled server especially if the username in question is something common (such as admin) as the short window without a password may allow unwanted access to your server.

Boot the computer with a LiveCD (any reasonable distro will do).
Mount the system's root (/) partition somewhere (/mnt maybe) - make sure it's mounted read/write as you'll be editing a file on it.
Edit /etc/shadow as user root (using su or sudo).
Find the entry for your user and remove everything between the first and second colon (:) - it's a long string of random looking characters.
Save the changes, unmount the partition and reboot into your normal system.
Login with no password.
Quickly set your user's password.
Log out and in and check it works.

Use passwd, found here

If you use passwd 16040 as root, it wont ask you about current password. You should consider, after changing password, to issue: chage -d 0 16040 It will enforce changing user password, when user will login. It is best practice for security reasons.
Reboot and enter in passwordless mode, found here

Reboot your computer / Turn your computer on.
Hold down the Shift key at the start of the boot process to enable the GNU GRUB boot menu (if it does not show)
Press ESC at the GNU GRUB prompt.
Press e for edit.
Use the Arrow keys to highlight the line that begins with kernel and press the e key.
Go to the very end of the line and add rw init=/bin/bash
Press Enter and then press b to boot your system.
Your system will boot up to a passwordless root shell.
Type in passwd yourusername
Set your new password.
Restart your system.


Can I install a 64-bit version of Ubuntu on my 32-bit machine?

By "32-bit machine" I understand 32-bit hardware (processor) which is not your case because lscpu reports that your CPU can work in 64-bit mode.

CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit

You have a 32-bit software (operating system) running at the moment on your PC, that's why:

Architecture: i686

But you can install a 64-bit operating system (you have both a compatible CPU and enough RAM for it).


Connected to multiple networks, how to choose which DNS server?

Ubuntu itself always uses all it's DNS'. If it doesn't find one address on the first DNS it will try the second one that is available to it.

So your solution is, since we saw that your /etc/resolv.conf is empty - but you provided information that you have a DNS server correctly distributed by your dhcp.

Now you can either disable NetworkManager and just use the interfaces which would fix your issue right away or you look into your /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf and look for the line dns=XXXXXX and delete that line or comment that line out.

Restart your NetworkManager sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service and now your DNS should be set in /etc/resolv.conf


How to uninstall a program (Moneydance 2015)

Assuming that you installed it using the .deb package on not the shell script installer, run a package manager and look for it.   If you don't have Synaptic or Aptitude installed, you can use the Ubuntu Software Center; click the INSTALLED button, and use the search box on the right to look for the name.   The package name is "moneydance" so you should also be able to do it from the command line using "sudo apt-get remove moneydance".


This is normal. What you have is exactly the same as what's in /etc/network/interfaces on my Ubuntu 14.04 system (which is working fine and networking actively through two separate physical interfaces).

By default an Ubuntu desktop system uses NetworkManager to manage network connections automatically and dynamically. This does not require (and in fact typically requires there not be) entries detailing configuration of your physical interfaces in /etc/network/interfaces.

(NetworkManager, if changed from running in "unnmanaged mode" to "managed mode," will recognize and work with /etc/network/interfaces entries. But unmanaged mode is the default.)

Sources:

Ubuntu help wiki - Network Manager - Issues
nux's answer to How do I use /etc/network/interfaces instead of network-manager
NetworkManager (on Debian wiki)
NetworkManager's README.Debian file (also /usr/share/doc/network-manager/README.Debian, and related)
BatchyX's answer to Wireless Networks showing “device not managed” in Network Manager


Determine the history/origin of a software already installed in Ubuntu: deb, snap, AppImage, else?

Load the software center and look for the application. If the application shows up there, you know it was installed by one of the supported ways, apt or snap. Also manually installed .deb packages may show up there.

Some packages installed through apt are not visible in software center. You can use apt or Synaptic package manager (not installed by default) to see whether these packages are installed or not.

All other ways of installing packages are not officially supported by the distribution. If you installed through flatpak, you can list packages with flatpak list. Even these packages may show up in the Software Center if you installed integration of flatpak with Software Center.

For other packages outside of any package system, there is no way to directly know the source. You may have compiled the package or have used an installation script that copies application files to your system directories. Appimages are run from a directly executable image file which is somewhere on the system in a place where you or your sysadmin placed it.


I have read somewhere,
"connect your TV to your computer and type into a terminal the following command:
'xrandr --output TMDS-1 --auto'
you should see your computer screen on your TV after that. You still might have to adjust your resolution (System>Preferences>Display) ....I have to set mine to 1024x768
It that works you can just build a Launcher with those settings to automate"

hope this will help you.
ref


If you hold down the Ctrl key and use the scroll wheel this increases the size of the icons.

If you're talking about your desktop icons you can fix it like this:

Go into edit | preferences | Views
click on the "Icon View Defaults" percentage and make it larger

If you're talking about the icons in the nautilus browser you can fix it like this:

Open nautilus
hold down the  key, and use your mouse's scroll wheel to increase or decrease the zoom level in the browser

Hope that helps!


How to reenable alternating grey lines in Nautilus/Files 3.6+ list view?

The alternate row styling is simply commented out in the Ubuntu default themes.

Editing the theme file

Look for the /gtk-3.0/gtk-widgets.css file within your favorite theme.

Custom themes that you installed should be located in ~/.themes (the home folder)
The default Ubuntu themes are located in /usr/share/themes/.

Ubuntu 14.04 (Nautilus, Nemo)

Edit the gtk-widgets.css file in your theme folder. So with the Ubuntu default theme for example, that would be /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-3.0/gtk-widgets.css. Find the following css rule around line  ~2224, and add your chosen background color:

view row:nth-child(even){
  /*background-color: @base_color;*/
  background-color: #ECF2FD;  /* <-- add this  */
}

Ubuntu 13.04

For example, if you are using Ambiance then the file to edit is located at /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-3.0/gtk-widgets.css.

Uncomment the rules at approx. line 2181, from:

GtkTreeView row:nth-child(odd) {
  /*background-color: shade (@base_color, 0.965);*/
}

To:

GtkTreeView row:nth-child(odd) {
  background-color: shade (@base_color, 0.965);
}

Or use a #RRGGBB colour, the classic OS X light blue colour for example:

GtkTreeView row:nth-child(odd) {
  background-color: #ECF2FD;
}

Editing those rules will work for Nautilus 3.6, as well as Nemo. Nemo, by default, will not show alternating row styles as it will be using the Ubuntu themes.

Note that after editing the file you may have to close and reopen the file browser. If it doesn't work, try relogging. The themes appear to be cached so even if you switch themes with Ubuntu-tweak, it may not display the change immediately.

Using an alternative theme

If you prefer to avoid editing the files you can use an alternative theme. A really nice one is MediterraneanNight Series ("White" and "Night" are the closest to the light/dark themes).

Here's an example with MediterraneanNight White:


Can Microsoft Office open Libre Office files?

Yes Microsoft Word can open LibreOffice Writer documents in the odt format, unless it's a very old version your school has. You can also open Microsoft Word (doc, docx) files in LibreOffice Writer.

You can choose whether you save the files you create in LibreOffice Writer, as Microsoft Word files, doc or docx, or save them in the native odt format of LibreOffice. Beware though, that some of the formatting may not be preserved, when saving LibreOffice Writer files as Microsoft Word files, and vice versa.

I have often worked with the same documents in both Microsoft Word and LibreOffice LibreOffice, and don't recall running into any problems, moving between the applications.

What I have said also applies to spreadsheet documents, in Excel and Calc, as far as I can remember.


How to make equally sized windows in corners of the screen?

Gnome Shell can be changed using Gnome Extensions - I think this extension will work for you:

This is done by dragging and dropping the windows into position, it will show a orange highlight (doesn't seem to match the theme :/ ). You can change the gap between windows in the settings:

Though currently this extension is not available for GNOME 3.18, so you will have to give this workaround a go.


If, based on your comment, all you want is that folder removed then, one simple command in a terminal

sudo rm /usr/lib/java/jdk/1.8.0_45

If the issue is deeper than that, you say it has its own user ???, first find the exact name of the user you want removed user like this

cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd

Then remove it like this

sudo userdel username

Changing username for the user you want gone.


Used dd to clone an ssd but can't expand the partition

KDE Partition Manager developer here... As was mentioned earlier, your second GPT entry is in the middle of the drive, so you don't see the whole size. In fact KDE Partition Manager tells you exactly that in the log output. Although you seem to have disabled log output in the View menu...

The easiest way to fix it is to open Konsole and run

sudo apt install gdisk
sudo gdisk /dev/sda

Then press w to write changes to disk and gdisk will ask you:

Warning! Secondary header is placed too early on the disk! Do you want to
correct this problem? (Y/N):

Press Y and enjoy your full disk space.


Steam fonts are very small on Ubuntu 20.04

If you start Steam from a terminal with the command GDK_SCALE=2 steam it seems to work.
I found the answer on a Manjaro help page.


How can I setup printing in Ubuntu Touch?

Using your PC, you can enable your printer through your Google account as a "cloud printer", and then you can print email attachments from your phone.


IMO, the easiest method would be to go ahead and install lxmenueditor (I do not think alacarte would work). If nothing else you will be able to add applications to the 'Network Analysis' after you manually configure it.

The XFCE wiki has a detailed set of instructions on how to manually configure your menu.

http://wiki.xfce.org/howto/customize-menu#create_sub-menus

Keep in mind, you can always remove (purge) lxmenueditor if you do not like it.


Is there a way to edit the places menu in Ubuntu 12.10 gnome fallback?

Hover mouse pointer over the word "places"  -  control-right click  -  edit menus
might do the trick for you


How do I re-installing Xampp on BackBox?

Open a terminal (CTRL+ALT+T)
type sudo dpkg --configure -a
Done! You can now run sudo apt-get install lamp-server!

Remember to mark this as an answer if I helped! It only takes a few seconds of your time and helps other users who have the same problem solve their issues. Thanks!


Developing GUI application for CLI Ubuntu Server

If you want to do full-screen applications with no windows involved and use Python over C, you have several options:

Game engines: For example the SDL library. Python bindings exist here.
SDL applications run on top of X, wayland, framebuffer, SVGALib and much more. It will give you full-screen graphics and for a SOC you will only need a frame-buffer-device, e.g. when you see the Linux mascot during boot, you are already there. However, if you have some advanced GUI like a modern car cockpit in mind, it might involve OpenGL for anti-aliasing. For an ATM (automatic teller machine) like GUI it will miss the standard buttons and boxes which you would have to implement yourself. Many SDL games in the ubuntu repositiories can be recompiled to run under a framebuffer.

Linux installers: The debian-installer uses the gtk+ toolkit on top of a framebuffer device, no X involved. You will have all Gtk+ widgets at your command, and good text rendering with pango, modern graphics with anti-aliasing with cairo. Python bindings exist. The OpenSuse distribution has a similar installer on top of QT.

Text mode graphics (TUI): If you have only text output with a few buttons to render, consider using the ncurses library. It will allow you a textual user interface with a high-level API. midnight-commander is a good example. Python bindings exist.

Commercial biddings: If this is a professional project, employing other commercial toolkits and realtime operating systems is an option. See also this  and similar tagged questions, even without linux at Stack Overflow.

Helpful search keywords

microcontroller gui library
immediate mode graphics
DirectFB
RTOS graphics
RTOS gui toolkit
custom linux gui


Yaourt is the front-end for the pacman package manager, so in order to get yaourt you would need to install pacman.

Sadly you can't just apt-get install pacman; you'd have to compile it, then you'd have to compile yaourt.

Using a different package manager than the one made for the specific distribution is a terrible idea and will lead to many problems in future.

Yaourt supports AUR - all it does is git clone and then compile the package for you.

Ubuntu has a similar thing in the form of PPAs.

If you want detailed information on how to make pacman and yaourt run on Ubuntu I will help you, but I warn you that it will cause you nothing but pain and frustration and lead to a broken system.


How to create .Xauthority file in Ubuntu GNOME 17.04

Note that the GNOME display manager gdm3 does not use ~/.Xauthority so this may require an application-specific answer for VNC Connect. As the manual page says, "Upon session startup, GDM sets the XAUTHORITY environment variable to a session-specific file in /var/run/gdm3. Applications and scripts that assume this file is set to ~/.Xauthority will not work. To access the display you need both DISPLAY and XAUTHORITY variables."

I wound up on this page because the missing .Xauthority issue also arises when trying to run graphical applications as root on Wayland (Ubuntu GNOME 17.10). As described at https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Running_X_apps_as_root, the fallback X server won't work when running programs as root, but you can fix this by first running xhost +local:. Possibly a similar approach will address the VNC Connect issue.


Can I install Google Chrome without typing lines of text?

You can google for Chrome, go to Google official web site, download the appropriate .deb (probably 32bits), double click it and follow the instructions.

EDIT: Here is the download link: https://www.google.com/chrome?brand=CHMO#eula. Choose .deb for 32bits (or 64bits if you installed Ubuntu x64).


Dual booting Ubuntu 14 and WIN 8.1 - Windows takes over

Boot into Windows and open a Console with Administrative Rights.
Once in, you just have to copy this command :

 bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi

Reboot and GNU grub should come up.


How can I improve my system performance?? As it is working very slow

There is an extra s in your /etc/default/grub. Remove the s and save the file. After that run this:

sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install


Grub rescue after converting primary partitions into logical partitions

Grub needs some files in /boot folder of your Linux partition. If you change this partition from primary to logical, you have to reinstall Grub to it find them again. You can use boot-repair or do it manually: https://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-repair-restore-reinstall-grub-2-with-a-ubuntu-live-cd


I'm having the same issue on my Dell Inspiron 15 5593.
These are the fixes I tried but to no avail. Maybe they will work for you.
FIX 1

sudoedit /etc/default/grub
find GRUB_CMDLINE_LIUNX_DEFAULT and add nouveau.modeset=0 at the end of the line
Ctrl+o to save and Ctrl+X to exit.
sudo update-grub
reboot

FIX 2

sudoedit /etc/default/grub
find GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT and add nomodeset at the end of the line
Ctrl+o to save and Ctrl+X to exit.
sudo update-grub
reboot

I'm still looking for a fix for my device so let us know if any of these work.


User justme from electronics stackexchange found the answer to my problem:

That is a completely wrong chip for that job. It literally is an I2C to USB adapter, enabling USB via I2C bus. What you need USB to I2C adapter, which enables I2C via USB. FT201 is not a chip to be an I2C master to control slave I2C devices from PC. To the PC this chip looks like an USB serial port, and is an I2C slave chip to some other master device. This chip enables an a I2C master like a microcontroller, which otherwise has no USB connectivity, to communicate with a PC.


To solve these problems, don't paste the settings for opening in a new window, just delete the code.

What to delete (usually if you copied the code, it has this):

#Create own window instead of using desktop (required in nautilus)
own_window yes
own_window_hints undecorated,below,skip_taskbar
background no


This seems to have fixed the issue permanently, as far as I've seen.

Open Chrome, leave it maximized, close it and then reopen it. It's surprisingly simple.


proxychains LD_PRELOAD cannot be preloaded

You must change

export LD_PRELOAD=libproxychains.so.3

to

export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libproxychains.so.3

in /usr/bin/proxychains

or use find /usr/lib/ -name libproxychains.so.3 -print to get the right file path.


What software can I use to write on PDFs?

xournal. I use it in conjunction with python-whiteboard daily. After you're done, just export as pdf. (The video shows how I use it.)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BY6ZEWNigjo


The command, as WarriorIng64 already said, is xkill.

To show some instructions for the end user, maybe use

notify-send "Click on an application to force-close it, or right-click to cancel."

Now to combine two commands into one launcher, you'll have to wrap them in sh -c '...', so your .desktop file should say

Exec=sh -c 'notify-send "Click on an application to force-close it, or right-click to cancel."; xkill'


Booting to windows with windows boot manager or bootmgfw.efi

This explains the difference quite clearly. If both work, there should be no difference between booting with the .efi file vs. using bootmgr from a user's perspective.


Where's my phone mounted to browse it from shell?

I think this has two main problems:

It won't understand the path mtp://[usb:001,009]/SD%20card
It likely won't want to use [, ,, ] etc in the path name - spaces may cause issues as well.

On my system, mtp://[usb:001,009]/SD card/ shows up as this in terminal:

/run/user/1000/gvfs/mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C009%5D/SD card

So for your device you will likely have to do:

cd "/run/user/1000/gvfs/mtp:host=%5Busb%3A002%2C004%5D/"

Where:

Its in quotes so it can do the name with the space.
The 1000 (probably) is User ID - you may have to replace it with ${UID} (or just the value of echo $UID). On some systems it may be the name of the user (so echo $USER).
The subdirectories of the mounted MTP device likely will be phone (or Internal storage) and SD card (or just card), depending on your setup.


Can I use Canonical Livepatch in non debian-based Linux?

Quoting https://assets.ubuntu.com/v1/ac3aa269-DS_Canonical_Livepatch_Service_screen-AW_08.17.pdf :

  The Canonical Livepatch Service lets you apply critical
  kernel security fixes to your Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and 14.04 LTS
  systems without rebooting.

  [...]

  System requirements

  Canonical’s Livepatches are available for the generic flavour
  of the 64-bit Intel/AMD (aka, x86_64, amd64) builds of the
  Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial) kernel, which is a Linux 4.4 kernel,
  as well as Ubuntu 14.04 LTS running the Linux 4.4 Hardware
  Enablement kernel.

  Canonical Livepatches work on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and
  14.04 LTS Servers and Desktops, on physical machines, virtual
  machines, and in the cloud. Ubuntu 14.04 LTS systems must
  use the Hardware Enablement kernel.

So to sum up, at least at this document's time of writing, Livepatch was only available for the 4.4 kernel series of the currently supported Ubuntu LTS releases.

Today 18.04 LTS with the 4.15 kernel is supported too, according to https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Livepatch

Anyway, to come back to your actual question, I strongly believe that Livepatch is not compatible with any foreign non-Ubuntu kernel builds. As Arch has nothing to do with Canonical and Ubuntu, it should not be supported.

However (even though it's off-topic for this site), Arch seemingly supports other kernel live patching tools like kpatch: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Kernel_live_patching


I solved the problem by adding my username to the the "audio" group. This isn't required if you login at the console, but it is required if you login via xrdp or ssh.


how to set up hibernate in ubuntu 18.04?

I think you need a swap partition instead of swapfile. I only managed to get hibernate working with the swap partition.


Need help for run charm-server in local server?

Currently, it's not possible for the juju client to use a different URL for the charm store. It's hardcoded to use "https://store.juju.ubuntu.com". If you want to change that, you have to change the value in a forked version of the juju/charm package and rebuild Juju from source.

Then, if you read the README.md (available rendered here - https://github.com/juju/charmstore), you can see the steps needed to clone the charmstore locally, import charms from launchpad, and then run the server.


Graphics cards that work well with Ubuntu?

You can use NVIDIA cards on an AMD platform... the only difficulty you'll have would be with Crossfire (which, I believe, you can fix with BIOS patches).

YMMV as far as drivers; all of them seem to work fine for most users, with the exception of the proprietary AMD Catalyst (fglrx) drivers, which are a constant source of heartache and pain.


How to get back the ALT +TAB functionality?

NOTE: You must use the normal Classic Session if you want to use compiz's functions

To fix this:

Firstly, install ccsm if you haven't already using

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins

and type in ccsm in the terminal

You'll get this window

Scroll down and select the checkmark on the left of "Application Switcher":


Is it safe to use 3.9 kernel from ppa because 3.8 is broken in 13.04 on my hardware

If the kernel works then I would keep it. I would find the corresponding bug in the Ubuntu bug tracker and keep an eye on it though to see if it gets fixed eventually. If you can't find a bug it might be best to report it and mention the URL you linked to to make sure the patch gets on the kernel team's radar.

When 13.10 comes around and you upgrade to that you can just use the kernel that comes with it and you should be fine. It's not ideal that the distro kernel doesn't work with your laptop, but in this case working always wins over not working.


If you just want to rotate the background then you should open the image you are using for the background in an image editing application (like Pinta) and rotate it there. Save the updated image and use it for your background.


It works now. I ran smallptGPU using strace and I saw that the program couldn't find libnvidia-compiler.so.346.72
I had to copy /usr/lib/nvidia-346/libnvidia-compiler.so* to /usr/lib/ and it works properly now.
The fact is that nvidia-346 and nvidia-346-uvm don't seem to copy/link their needed libraries to /usr/lib/, and that's true too for libvdpau.so for exemple ..


my menu bar disappeared and also my sidebar, can't even open terminal too

Log in like normally then after log in press CTRL+ALT+F1 log in again and type this two commands:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz
setsid unity

After this go back to GUI CTRL+ALT+F7 and see if works


Firefox Bookmarks.html Merger is designed to do just this. To get it running in Ubuntu:

Install python-pyparsing.
Download and extract the Python version of FBM.
Copy the HTML files you want to merge into the extracted folder.
Run python bookmark_merger.py to automatically detect and merge bookmarks from all HTML files in the current folder.

Should that fail, the author has compiled a list of software with similar functionality that might be of use to you.


Hard drive not visible to Ubuntu installer

Try to suspend to RAM (close a lid or press Fn+F1). Wake up and check for /dev/sdb again. If your drive becomes visible look at
Internal HDD is not recognized during boot but recognized after suspend/wakeup how you can install Linux on such laptop.


XFS root partition free space inconsistency

This is quite interesting but it is that xfs keeps metadata about the files in the xfs filesystem internally but this does not seem to be picked up by du that much but is by df. However xfs has its own xfs_estimate command. df properly shows the free space used on the xfs partition. I have found that running sudo du -h -x --max-depth=0 /path ; sudo xfs_estimate /path sudo can be nesecary in case there are files your normal user cannot see like kvm/qemu virtual machines by defualt which are one thing in / that do take up a lot of space.  For example when I run sudo du -h -x --max-depth=0 /path ; sudo xfs_estimate /path on /etc with etc having lots of small configuration files This shows /etc as taking up 13 MB of space but xfs estimate shows it will need a 20 MB partition which would seem like you are using 65 % on your du command but in reality the metadata is using the rest. So in the end xfs_estimate can tell you a lot.


According to Wikipedia, the Haswell (HSW-ULT) processors are able to use openCL, version 1.2.


It sounds as though you have forwarded the port to port 90 on the DD-WRT, is that correct?
Have you checked your iptables configuraton on the DD-WRT to ensure that your packets to that port will be received?

I don't currently know how to get Network Manager to PPTP to a specific port. I am looking into it and I will edit this answer when I find out.
You also might try appending the port number to the end of the IP address, like 192.168.1.1:90 for example.

I can't find any way to induce Network Manager to send to a custom port, unless the above suggestion works.

Looking at /usr/share/doc/pptp-linux/USING and at man pppd I don't see any way to specify a custom port either, unless, again, the method above works.

If it does not work, the best thing I can think of is to add a static route, defining the VPN's address range as the destination and the VPN tunnel exit address and port as the gateway. See ip route help for more information.


Can not put a animated background on ubuntu 10.10

When you run the sudo command, you will have to enter your user's password when it is asked. You can't simply press the enter key to ignore it.


The current Office Installer may be found here. Different versions of the Office Installer have different ratings from http://Winehq.com, so without the version you intend to use, it's difficult to respond accurately. Please note that the applications (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, et al.) have their own ratings


How to force only newer KDE packages to be installed?

In general, it is a bad idea to mix repositories.The KDE packaged for bionic might bring in versions of packages that are incompatible with older Ubuntu versions. Packages will be compiled against libraries available in 18.04 and not necessarily in older versions.

If you want to try newer KDE versions and keep a stable system, you could either install KDE from the KDE backports repository or try KDE neon (though the latter is not supported on this site.)


Pass through USB device to guest using VirtualBox?

I believe the feature you're looking for is called usb-passthrough and is only available in the closed source version of VirtualBox.

http://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch03.html#idp11184832


Run Tomcat7 as tomcat7 (or any other) user

The most common way is to install the standard tomcat7 package with apt-get and to start it using:

sudo service tomcat7 start

The default user and group are configured in /etc/default/tomcat7 as you can see in this excerpt:

# Run Tomcat as this user ID. Not setting this or leaving it blank will use the
# default of tomcat7.
TOMCAT7_USER=tomcat7

# Run Tomcat as this group ID. Not setting this or leaving it blank will use
# the default of tomcat7.
TOMCAT7_GROUP=tomcat7


Unable to install winehq-staging, Ubuntu 16.04 64bit

this is an addition to the answer of Elber CM

before execution of "$ sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-staging" I needed to install the following libraries:

$ sudo apt-get install libasound2-plugins:i386
$ sudo apt-get install wine-staging-i386
$ sudo apt-get install wine-staging

and finally

$ sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-staging

voila, now it works.


Ubuntu server 16.04 won't boot after installation

I managed to resolve this for my machines by adjusting the grub configuration like so:

In /etc/default/grub, change:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" to
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nomodeset"
Then add this line:

GRUB_TERMINAL_INPUT="console serial"
Run sudo update-grub and reboot for the changes to take effect.


Ubuntu One fails to launch from a terminal

Not sure why this is not working, but since upgrading to Ubuntu 11.04 the difficulty is with file syncing.  Personally this extends to other applications such as Nautilus and Rhythmbox.  I have been searching for possible solutions, but have not found anything that adequately addresses the issue.

UPDATE:

ROOT_MISMATCH in syncdaemon.log - This normally indicates that there may be two Ubuntu One accounts, one in the local cache and another setup in the keyring. This happens if the user installed Ubuntu One with one account and then sets up the computer again with a different account (but all the old Ubuntu One files in ~/.local/share/ubuntuone are still there under the old account). Working around this:

Open Applications->Accessories->Terminal and run:

  u1sdtool -q; killall ubuntuone-login ubuntuone-preferences;
  sudo rm -rf ~/.local/share/ubuntuone
  rm -rf ~/.cache/ubuntuone
  rm -rf ~/.config/ubuntuone
  mv ~/Ubuntu\ One/ ~/Ubuntu\ One_old/

Open Applications->Accessories->Passwords and Encryption Keys, go to the Passwords tab, delete the Ubuntu One and Desktopcouch tokens by right-clicking on them and selecting "Delete"
Back in a terminal session, run:

  u1sdtool -q; killall ubuntuone-login; u1sdtool -c

To get things functioning again, all I had to do was delete my ~/.local/share/ubuntuone directory as indicated above.  Hope this helps.


OP here, I decided 'screw it', and forced Adobe to cancel my creative cloud plan without a fee and bought CS6 from a re-seller. Adobe will never add support for Linux, so there really isn't a point :/


How to install software from 14.10 repositories?

You may not simply mix packages from different releases (as you may in Gentoo).
Your two options are:

Fully upgrade to unicorn
Use backports, if there are any. Here is about them.