accessing hard drive - have been trying for days

When you start up the computer using the Ubuntu USB, click the Try Ubuntu button to get to a desktop.

As long as your hard drive is functioning property, and as long as your Windows 7 installation is not encrypted, these steps should work to access your documents:

Click on the folder icon on the left-hand side to open the file browser.
Under the "Devices" section on the left, click on your hard drive.  It should be named something like "XX GB Filesystem."

You should see the files in your C: drive.  Navigate to Users\Documents and Settings\(username) and you should see your personal documents.


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS on Lenovo Ideapad u300s

If it were me I would say I don't know why it would have a problem. Testing the laptop with an Ubuntu LiveCD will give you an answer quickly. If you can test it in the place where you are buying the laptop great. If not, when it arrives test the laptop.

But there are a couple of issues still present (At least in 12.04).I have also added some links of some old posts and bugs (That affected 11.04 and 11.10) that you might want to check and the ones that affect 12.04:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1889596&page=6
(11.04 and 11.10 users. most problems were hardware problems and not Ubuntu)

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/974455
(Suggest to do a BIOS Firmware upgrade)

http://support.lenovo.com/en_US/research/hints-or-tips/detail.page?&DocID=HT073063
(BIOS upgrade)

http://www.linlap.com/lenovo_ideapad_u300s
(Users confirming problem with 12.04 (And other distros like Fedora)

In general there are 3 problems detected:

Suspend/Resume does not work correctly.
(There is a fix for this already)
Touchpad functionality is not working properly. Recognized as a generic PS/2 mouse.
(Fix for this is on it's way)
Some keys like T or any of the Arrow keys do not work correctly. Although this problem is more related to a hardware problem by many users. There is even some that have fixed the problem by either upgrading their BIOS or draining the battery completely (Again, more related to hardware than a system since it also happens on Windows).

I would recommend to either, wait for 13.04 or apply 12.10. Any of this 2 will have less probability to have any of this 3 bugs. Also verify the keys when the laptop arrives just to check that all keys are working correctly. Then simply test Ubuntu using the LiveCD or LiveUSB. Will save you the trouble of installing it and getting any error (If any appear in your case. Remember the problems mentioned do not happen to all users, only some).

For some additional information here are 2 positive links:

Stuart Langridge testing the Lenovo U300s
(Several tips by Stuart)

Ubuntu Friendly with the Lenovo U310
(Could not find the U300s)


after a reboot banshee cant find music files (stored on D: partition with ntfs format)

The problem is that the D: partition is not automatically mounted by Ubuntu, so Banshee can't find it.

Run the command sudo apt-get install nfts-config
Search for NFTS Configuration Tool in your Dash
Open it and select the D: partition, then configure it to mount automatically.

You may need to reboot your computer, but Banshee should work after that.


How to have a volume control/widget in Awesome WM?

I simply followed the tutorial at http://awesome.naquadah.org/wiki/Volume_control_and_display and it worked. However, volume control was only via keyboard. Is this what you were looking for?

I should note that I'm on debian (testing) which I think uses awesome 3.4.

-- Update: After some testing out, I found http://awesome.naquadah.org/wiki/Farhavens_volume_widget, which has mouse controls (scroll mouse to control volume, and click to toggle mute). Following the tutorial works on my box.


Where does NetworkManager store WiFi passwords on Ubuntu 15.10?

If you choose to only enable your user to use that wifi network, then the wifi password is stored in the gnome keyring of your current user.

If you let every one use that wifi connection, the password is stored in the file you mentionned.

You can also manually change where that password is stored in network manager settings for that wifi network, security tab, click the hdd+green arrow icon in password field and make your choice.


I recommend xvfb-run which will fake an X server for the program you want to run:

nohup xvfb-run -a PROGRAM &


Do I need to format any drive for installing Ubuntu?

If you would like to install Ubuntu alongside Windows on a partition you will need to format your partition. Ubuntu uses the ext3 or etx4 format, unlike Windows which uses NTFS. The installer will handle the formatting.

If you have multiply hardrives in your computer you will need to select which disk you would like to install to, otherwise "selecting drive" refers to partitions.

If you are using Ubuntu 12.04 you can use WUBI to install Ubuntu on a virtual partition within Windows, however this method is not recommended.

If you just want to try Ubuntu temporarily you can run a live session, running it off of a LiveCD (which you create when you burn the ISO to a disk) and play around with it without touching your existing Windows installation. Just select "Try Ubuntu without installing" after booting your installation disk/LiveCD.

So to answer your question you will need to format drive G: as ext3/4 before installing, which the installer will manage. "selecting drive" usually means selecting a partition to install Ubuntu onto.

Space allocation will depend on how your drives are configured and what installation method you are using, however "space allocation" in the general term means how much space you give Ubuntu to be installed on and use.

See also: How do I install Ubuntu?


Decrease mouse sensitivity below the standard limit

I have a Razer DeathAdder mouse and like in your case, the sensitivity/acceleration are too high even if I put them at the lowest level in the mouse preferences. So to solve this problem, I used the xinput command.

First, you will need your mouse ProductName and ID:

xinput list
...
 Razer Razer DeathAdder                     id=8    [slave  pointer  (2)]
...

Then you set the constant deceleration level that suits your needs with this command:

xinput set-prop 8 "Device Accel Constant Deceleration" 3
# 8 = DEVICE_ID
# 3 = LEVEL (factor) Higher = Slower.

To make the config persistent (and make it system wide), you will need to edit your xorg.conf (/etc/X11/xorg.conf).

Section "InputClass"
   Identifier      "Razer"                    # Whatever you want.
   MatchProduct    "Razer Razer DeathAdder"   # Product name from xinput list.
   Option          "ConstantDeceleration" "3" # The same value as xinput.
EndSection

Once you reboot, you should have the same result as the xinput command.

Let me know if it helps.


After network restart, device not ready Xubuntu 16.04, Intel 3945ABG Wireless card

From looking around on the internet, the problem may be related to power management for the WiFi card related to these pages:
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/network-and-i-o/wireless-networking/000005875.html and Wireless connection keeps dropping with an Intel 3945ABG card

To solve the problem, power management for the card may have to be disabled. The above forum pages solutions doesn't work for the version of Ubuntu I have (16.04).

To turn of the power management of the wifi, do the following:

Run iwconfig. You will see your chip-set as well as whether power management is on or off.
Open /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf, you should see

[connection]
wifi.powersave = 3

Change the 3 to a 2, save and reboot.

Run iwconfig and you should hopefully see that Power Management:off

Source: https://sites.google.com/site/easylinuxtipsproject/internet


SSH externally from a remote machine not working

If you're trying to remote in from outside of your home network, the configuration needs to be done on your router. Specifically, enable port forwarding on port 22 on your router to your server.

There's a few precautions to take in mind with this, however. Exposing a server to the internet is a dangerous thing and shouldn't be taken lightly. At a minimum, you should have a VERY strong, and long password for the login account, and strictly disable root logins through SSH. A further step is to use encryption keys, and limit logins only to those with the keys. A step even further would be to change which port SSH uses from 22, as I can say from experience that this port is completely flooded with would-be hackers; you WILL get a login attempt every couple seconds from brute force attackers.


Why does groupmod  show me my folders and not my groups?

If you are using bash and the default bash-completion rules do not autocomplete groups for these commands, you can use something like the following (either by running once on the terminal or permenently by including it in ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bashrc.

complete -g groupmod groupdel newgrp

Another way to see all of the groups is to look in the /etc/group file. Also, the "groups" command will allow you to see which groups you are a member of (and which groups other users are members of).


You seem to have a nVidia GT 555M graphics card. This is an Optimus laptop which is not supported by Linux systems (to be precise, only Windows 7 supports it, so Vista and before won't be able to use it too).

Your black screen is related to the nvidia driver which does not support Optimus laptops. The noise may be your fan, the crash is likely overheating.

See also Is a NVIDIA GeForce with Optimus Technology supported by Ubuntu? for a way to use your nvidia card anyway (Bumblebee). After installing it following the instructions in Is a NVIDIA GeForce with Optimus Technology supported by Ubuntu?, you should get back your graphics. If you do not want to install Bumblebee, you've to run the next command to set your default GL driver back to Mesa:

sudo update-alternatives --set gl_conf /usr/lib/mesa/ld.so.conf


USB security dongle doesn't get recognised in Ubuntu 12.04

May be your application has no access rights to that USB? Try setting 0666 on its file in /dev once. No matter the result, don't forget to turn it back as it is a security flaw.


Here are instructions for increasing the size of the virtual hard disk, which I assume you are trying to do.

http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1004047

Then just reboot into ubuntu and you should have a bigger partition


How to replace the ssh private-public key pair?

If you know that someone has the passphrase he probably used your ssh key. If that is the case there is probably no way for you to know whether that person copied your ssh key or not. If that person has a copy of your key and you change the passphrase on your key, the copy obviously still uses the old passphrase and is therefore usable by that person. So, to be on the safe side, I would recommend to replace your ssh key.

You can generate a new key by running

ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/new-key

This will create a new ssh key in ~/.ssh/new-key.

Don't forget to not just create a new key but to remove your old key from all machines that have it.

Update: To do that, first make a list of all machines you can access with that ssh key. Then, for each of these machines, do the following:

user@local:~$ ssh someuser@somemachine
someuser@somemachine:~$ nano .ssh/authorized_keys

Edit that file and do the following:

remove the line containing your old ssh key. If there is only one line that is easy, if not look for a line that end with the same cryptic letters as your old public key. You can see your old public key by executing cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub on your local machine (assuming your old key is id_rsa, if not you have to adjust the comand). To delete a line in nano, simply press Ctrl+K.
add your new public key to that file. You find the new public key on your local machine using cat ~/.ssh/new-key.pub. Copy the whole line verbatim to the file as a single line.
Save the file by pressing Ctrl+O, Enter and Ctrl+X to exit nano.

Then test if you can access the machine with your new key without closing the existing connection (so you are still connected in case something goes wrong).

user@local:~$ ssh -i ~/.ssh/new-key someuser@somemachine

If this works and you are connected to the remote machine, you have successfully replaced your ssh key on that machine. Now continue with the next machine. Repeat until done.

You may be able to automate this whole process a bit:

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/new-key.pub someuser@somemachine
ssh -i ~/.ssh/new-key someuser@somemachine "sed -i.bak 's/$(cut -f2 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | sed 's~/~\\/~g')/d' ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"

But I take no guarantee that this will work and not lock you out of some machines. Use at your own risk!

What it does is use ssh-copy-id to copy over your new key and using sed to remove your old key from authorized_keys file. $(cut -f2 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | sed 's~/~\\/~g') adds your old public key to the command so it is able to search for it and takes care to escape slashes. /some-string/d removes all lines matching string (in our case your old key) from the file.

Do this only if you have a lot of machines to change your key on and test it first on a machine you have physical access to or some other way to restore access if things go wrong. End of Update

After you replaced your old key you may rename your key to ~/.ssh/id_rsa so ssh finds it automatically. You might want to keep a backup of your old key in case you forgot a system to which you would otherwise not have access any more.

Update: to do so, simply run:

cd ~/.ssh
mv id_rsa id_rsa_old
mv id_rsa.pub id_rsa_old.pub
mv new-key id_rsa
mv new-key.pub id_rsa.pub

If you need to use your old key for something again, you can use ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa_old to use it. Don't forget to add your new key to that machine and remove the old key.


Is it possible to start Hangouts Chrome extension window as a separate instance (like the app window)?

As a workaround that I will not mark as the definitive answer: looking at chrome-browser --help I see no options for "extension", but there is this:
--app=URL
              Runs URL in "app mode": with no browser toolbars.

As there is a web page for Hangouts, one could access that page in Chrome but without browser toolbars with the command:
google-chrome --profile-directory=Default --app=https://hangouts.google.com/?h

But this is not going to run that extension, and, as it is just a new no-tabs no-toolbars Chrome window, it looks differently too. Some might say it even looks better.
On the other hand, using a web page instead of the extension is far from what is asked above. (I can do that in Firefox, etc).


Banshee and Rhythmbox crash when trying to connect Android device

Install the required mtp tools -

sudo apt-get install mtp-tools mtpfs

Edit the following file -

gksu gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules

Add the following at the end and save the file -

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="VENDORID", ATTR{idProduct}=="PRODUCTID", MODE="0666"

In your case - VENDORID=04e8 and PRODUCTID=6860.

Now, disconnect your phone and run -

  sudo service udev restart

  sudo mkdir /media/Galaxy

  sudo chmod a+rwx /media/Galaxy

  sudo adduser YOURUSERNAME fuse

Edit the following file -

gksu gedit /etc/fuse.conf

Add the following at the end and save the file -

user_allow_other

Now, restart your computer and run -

  echo “alias android-connect=\”mtpfs -o allow_other /media/Galaxy\”” >>
  ~/.bashrc

  echo “alias android-disconnect=\”fusermount -u /media/Galaxy\”” >>
  ~/.bashrc

  source ~/.bashrc

Now connect your phone and run -android-connect

Similarly, to disconnect, run - android-disconnect

These steps have been taken from here.

If this does not work, you could try go-mtpfs. A tutorial is available here.

Finally, if nothing seems to work, you could probably have a look at AirDroid. You can download it for your phone from Google Play Store.

Edit -

Try enabling USB Debugging on the phone from Developer Settings. It has solved the problem for some users.


Landspace Openstack Installation Hang at 91%

It could be several things indeed. So let's go through the generic steps of getting logs from a failed deployment. First let's show how to get access to the different juju environments in play here:

Landscape environment: where the Autopilot was deployed
Autopilot environment: the cloud environment created by Autopilot

Taken from Landscape openstack juju management:

To get access to the Landscape juju environment, please run the following from the place where you installed LDS:

# First we need to get to the Landscape juju environment.
# If you used the install-openstack tool, you want to do this first:
export JUJU_HOME=~/.cloud-install/juju
juju status

# Get an interactive shell with the right ENV sourced on the landscape
# server itself. This gives you access to the Autopilot deployed cloud
# juju environment:
juju ssh landscape/0 sudo 'JUJU_HOME=/var/lib/landscape/juju-homes/`sudo ls -rt /var/lib/landscape/juju-homes/ | tail -1` sudo -u landscape -E bash'

# You should see a lot of openstack services with this command:
juju status

At this point, you can poke around the cloud environment. To reach the unit nova-compute/0, for example, run juju ssh nova-compute/0.

The data and logs that are useful to debug a stalled deployment are as follows:

/var/log/landscape-server/*.log from the landscape/0 unit from the Landscape environment. In particular, job-handler.log.
/var/log/juju/*.log from the cloud environment bootstrap unit (machine 0, run juju ssh 0 to reach it from landscape/0)
juju status output from the cloud environment
how many computers, if any, you have registered in Landscape at the point you decided it stalled. If it's zero, then we need /var/log/landscape/*.log from any cloud environment unit, like nova-compute/0.


changing the priority of network interface

You have several possibility to change the default route.

Nice place for this kind of action is in /etc/network/if-down.d/ or /etc/network/if-up.d/

You can in this folder put some script and make action. For example put
this script in /etc/ppp/if-up.d/ to make default route to ppp0 interface every time when go up, make script called script with execute permissions 755

sudo nano /etc/ppp/if-up.d/script

# Check for specific interface if desired
[ "$IFACE" != "ppp0" ] || exit 0
# Do something
sudo route add default dev ppp0

chmod 755 /etc/ppp/if-up.d/script

In second case wifi reconnect, make one more script aka script2

sudo nano /etc/network/if-up.d/script2

# Check for specific interface if desired
[ "$IFACE" != "wlan0" ] || exit 0
# Do something
sudo route add default dev ppp0

This will if wlan0 go up set default route to ppp0, if is ppp0 down route will not be changed from wlan0.

Try.

Edit 1

Based on internet research, for ppp0 interface you move script in /etc/ppp/if-up.d


Difference between launchpad.net/ubuntu and packages.ubuntu.com?

http://packages.ubuntu.com/ provides  you information about all the packages available in the Ubuntu Package archive.

Where you can Search package directories and Search the contents of packages
Visit About this site.
Whereas Launchpad is a unique collaboration and hosting platform for software projects.

  It brings communities together — regardless of their choice of tools — by making it
  easy to share code, bug reports, translations and ideas across projects.

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu is registered by “Ubuntu Technical Board” team which support many things like:

Report Bug
Ask a question
Find Source code of project
Distributing Software


WiFi Driver is not installing Ubuntu 15.10

you have to copy firmware to /lib/firmware/mt7601u.bin from driver_source/mcu/bin/MT7601.bin


How do I adjust the size of the background panel for the date-time button drop-down action?

Well, after exploring with Tweaks I found a selection for "Top Bar" which I went to check for moving the clock around... The only related item was Clock:Date {on|off} where I selected off only to discover that it had not disappeared.  I clicked on it and, voilá!, fixed.  Before this, I changed the theme (there were 3 options and they were out of sync) to be consistent.

I appreciate all who gave me tips and leads by their suggestions and/or questions.  Thank you.


How to use a laptop as a second monitor for another laptop in Ubuntu 16.04?

One possible solution would be to try Synergy. Note that this is a commercial product that it appears must be purchased and you could likely obtain a used 2nd screen for what they are asking (~$20). I personally have not tried it, and have no affiliation, nor experience with the company offering it. It seems that they do however have versions for Linux, Mac OSX, and Windows so it's pretty platform independent.


How can I remove a group and its' users?

When you delete a group, all the users should be removed from the group as well when the command is called. You also have to log out and then log back in for new groups (or deleted groups) to show up when 'groups' is called.


How can I perform operations on the output of a command?

There you go:
ls -t | head | xargs -I files mv files <dest_dir>.
Just replace the <dest_dir> with your target directory.


Can the font used by Chromium/Chrome in the Tabs be changed to a larger size?

Sadly, no.  The font sizes are hard-coded into Chromium.  Your only hope is to try to get this added as a feature to Chromium, but I find this very unlikely.


In the installation setup, it should just ask you for the username and password:

The installation instructions are here.


Just press Alt+F2 on your keyboard and type in update-manager -d

and follow the instructions, or Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Then use update manager to check for updates

For complete details on how to upgrade to Ubuntu 12.04 Precise Pangolin from 10.04, 11.04, 11.10, See this site


If you really want to disable IPv6, which I think is a bad idea, you need to tell all programs that use the net not to use IPv6. In UFW you have to edit /etc/defaults/ufw and check that IPv6 are not enabled there.
But really, I think that's a bad idea.


What are the proper chown and chmod syntax?

You cannot change those attributes on a FAT file system.


Teamviewer 11, Ubuntu 15.10, Three monitors on Nvidia drivers - black screen

Ah; found the issue and fixed it. Apparantly, my Nvidia settings wasn't recognizing my SLI, and was forcing me to use Xinerama and a single X Screen on each monitor, instead of a single X screen spread across three monitors, and apparantly this was causing issues (Not only this issue, but also some issues I was seeing with Google chrome.)
Modifying my X config file manually to be very similar to https://www.martineve.com/2014/04/15/enabling-a-triple-head-3-monitor-setup-on-linux-mint-16-petra-with-two-nvidia-cards/ has corrected everything.


I think this can Help you out;

Run Win 7

Click Start >> View advanced system settings >> Advanced Tab >> Startup and Recovery >> Settings >> Change the Default Operating System


how to fix my keyboard after a bash script messed it up

The setxkbmap command is your problem - try setxkbmap gb (or us, or whatever..) to reset; you're currently in whatever gh fula represents!


Preferred way to add second nic on separate network?

Starting with MAAS 2.1 we now support static routes for subnets. I believe that will help you with what your trying to perform. On the subnet details page you can add/edit/delete static routes for a subnet. When a new machine is deployed that machine will get the static routes for that subnet.

Update to 2.1 on Xenial:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:maas/next
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade


When you open a terminal you get a non-login, interactive shell. If you are using bash the system-wide per-interactive-shell startup file is /etc/bash.bashrc and user-level per-interactive-shell startup file is ~/.bashrc.

The problem you are facing may be due to presence of any bad instruction(s) in any of these two files.

From OP's reply:

  sourcing ~/.bashrc initiate the problem. That means there is problem with ~/.bashrc

Possible reasons of disappearing bash prompt:

There might be recursive sourcing that can create an infinite loop type situation. For example if there are lines present in your ~/.bashrc like,

if [ -f ~/.profile ]; then
   . ~/.profile
fi

It will source ~/.profile. But keep in mind that ~/.profile always sources ~/.bashrc (it is correct way). Hence you are in an infinite loop. Do not source ~/.profile from ~/.bashrc

Under such situation you can not get the prompt unless you hit Ctrl+C

Troubleshooting

You can put a line in your ~/.bashrc

set -x

Then you could see that the file descriptor is stopping when you open a terminal.

How to recover

Take backup of ~/.bashrc and get a new one from /etc/skel. Use in terminal,

mv ~/.bashrc ~/bashrc.bkp
cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ~/

It will replace your ~/.bashrc with a new one.

Either the problem is like as I expected (described above) or something else should be solved after replacing ~/.bashrc as it is solely related to your ~/.bashrc.


Desktop notification sounds not working after recent upgrades

The problem with Pidgin was that 'Enable sounds' in Tools->Preferences->Sound was set to 'Only when available' and some how my status was set a few days back to away.

As for the other desktop notification sounds like the login sound - I found out that it is an issue with Ubuntu where I have to copy all the sound files from /usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo to /usr/share/sounds. After doing that, the standard Ubuntu login sound played on login.


How to block specific username from ssh?

Put DenyUsers user1 user2 user3 in /etc/ssh/sshd_config


Every time you click a song in a file manager, VLC will open a new instance.

To avoid this, go to Tools/Preferences/Interface Settings and check the boxes next to "Allow only one instance" and "Use only one instance when started from file manager".


So what should I do to permanently delete it?
Use bcdedit.
Is the issue fixed?
Most likely. And even if you didn't successfully remove the entry, you may consider the issue "fixed".
To answer completely your question, one would need to know exactly which commands you used and configuration actions you took, and in which order (including possible reboots).
I assume you did something like this.
This would also have been an option.
With the limited amount of information you gave, you should be good.
You could post more information to be completely sure.
For instance:

A screen capture of the partition scheme you get with the Win disk manager. E.g., as under Simplified EFI Boot Flow.

The output of:
2.1. bcdedit /enum firmware (command issued in an admin prompt).
2.2. Commands illustrated under Mount the EFI partition (up to list partition). Note: If you keep reading this section, and also Use An Alternate File System Explorer, you will find that if you don't see the Ubuntu entry with dir it may not mean it's not there.

Exactly which commands you used to "delete the boot entries of Ubuntu from bios". The "canonical" way is with bcedit.

Related:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/EFI_system_partition
http://www.agcross.com/2017/11/making-sense-efi-partitions-dual-booting/


How to drag stencil images in drawing in Calligra Flow?

There is a bug in the drag and drop function for Stencils.

In the meantine the Stencil palette needs to be switch to List view for dragging Stencil images into the drawing. It is expected to be fixed in Calligra Flow 2.8.1.


Replace XFce4 with Cinnamon without Log-In Screen

If you log out of your account. You need to click on your account, in log in screen, then click on upper right corner of grey box and then click on cinnamon. If you try to log in you will be prompted. Just answer make it default.


I recommend checking whether the MD5 of the ISO matches up with the one on the website. If that's not the case, re download and recheck. If however they do match up I recommend just burning the ISO to a DVD or use a program such as LiLi USB Creator or UnetBootin to mount the ISO to a USB flash drive. And boot from it, WuBi is not prefect so there is a chance that you are not able to use WuBi on your machine. Hope this helps.


Can't bring BIOS up now that I have Ubuntu installed (side-by-side with Windows Vista)

Some newer computers have a Boot menu as well as a BIOS setup menu.

For example, some computers use F2 for BIOS setup and F12 for Boot menu, which allows you to boot the computer from CD/DVD-ROM or USB drive instead of HDD.

Some older computers which don't have Boot menu, may use keys such as Delete or Esc as well to enter into BIOS menu.

You should consult your computer or motherboard manual to see which keys you should press at the very beginning of the boot process to have it displayed or try and find it by trial-and-error.

Or you might get more specific info from users of the same computer brand/model if you specify your computer (or motherboard) brand/model.


Right click on the sound icon near your name (right top corner) and select "Sound Preferences", then check you Inputs tab.

Edit

You should be able to use your line-in port by selecting it in the Inputs->Connector list.


Make sure you've run updates Fresh installs aren't always completely up to date, and they have to run once to figure out what all of your hardware is. Open Dash (either with the Windows/Super key or by clicking the Ubuntu icon in the upper left corner) and search for "Software Updater". It should automatically check for updates when you start it, then click the "Install Updates" button.
Install Nvidia drivers from Additional Drivers On Linux, you will not find a driver named for your specific card. The Linux Nvidia drivers work for most Nvidia cards. Pick one of the ones that say "proprietary" to install a set of drivers from Nvidia (I recommend the one that says "stable, tested"). You'll likely be asked to restart, if you aren't, I recommend doing so anyway, as it's the easy way to activate the driver.
Update your graphics settings. Once the driver is installed, it will likely change your settings to something crazy like 640x480. You'll want to change that by opening Dash and searching for "Nvidia Settings". Go to the "X Server Settings" section and change the resolution to something more sane.


it may be possible GRUB is not properly install in your pc or is booting from directly USB.

ubuntu also can be install inside in windows if you are not selected any partitions or may be another drive. now you can use easyBCD software that is very good tool for booting and you do not need USB for booting.

Dowload Easybcd software it is free for home user install it open it you will see add new entry click on it go to linux tab add entry click on select "GRUB2" edit boot menu select the appropriate timeout option and save setting

Download here:http://www.softpedia.com/get/System/OS-Enhancements/EasyBCD.shtml

for more use watch youtube videos of easyBCD.


Lubuntu 17.04 will not connect to WiFi (no error message displayed)

I tried opening

sudo leafpad /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

added the line

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

then I restarted the service

sudo service network-manager restart

...and I got connected! The browser still has a problem connecting to the internet, but I guess that is a different issue. Thanks for the suggestions.


Moving old laptop from Ubuntu 14.04 to Lubuntu 14.04

if emails are the only concern then do fresh install, which will be better.

How to migrate emails from Thunderbird emails to Sylpheed ?

first export the mails from Thunderbird (link on how to export). Make sure you follow cautions in order to export all subdirectories. Export mail in EML format, from which Sylpheed can easily import. Done !


hmm..your sources.list file seems to be modified by the command you used and cant be accessed now.
The sources.list file contains the list of repositories from which apt-get gets its software.

So to correct this use

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

which would bring up the text file sources.list for editing

Only remove the line that you added, which will look like,

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ubuntu13.04

and dont touch anything else.
then save the file and try

sudo apt-get update

Tell us how it goes.


What does it mean that a package is "set to manually installed?"

You can use sudo apt-mark auto $PACKAGES to mark packages as automatically being installed again, if you accidentally mark them as manually installed.

Automatically installed packages can be removed using apt-get autoremove (or using similar processes, e.g. via Synaptic).


Unable to boot Windows without Ubuntu-SSD plugged in

Most likely your boot partition is also installed to the external drive alongside Ubuntu. Try to reinstall GRUB (with Boot Repair or something similar) to the drive with Windows. That will help to achieve what you want.


Unity Dash. This is the easiest way to see the Update Manager:

If you tap your Windows Key (Super Key) it will open Unity Dash. Another way to open the Dash is to click the Ubuntu Logo on the Launcher (The Sidebar to the left). If you just type in 'Update Manager' you shall see the icon in the search results. The reason of you not seeing the updates is because the updates are not really important. A warning: The updates may be 300 or more because of you not using it for ages.

Hope this helps!


20.04 - Firefox not rendering or loading pages

After removing the Citrix client the problem was solved. Will report this to citrix


You can use the -E command with sudo to keep your environment variables

-E' The -E (preserve environment) option indicates to the security policy that the user wishes to preserve their existing environment variables. The security policy may return an error if the -E option is specified and the user does not have permission to preserve the environment.

However if sudo means that you are running Django under root I would urge you to reconsider since this provide a major security risk. If for some reason your application is compromised then it would be possible to the attacker to run commands at the user running Django. If that user is root the attacker has full control of the system. The best practice is to have a dedicated user for your application.
If you do use a dedicated user for the application I recommend putting then environment variables in a file that application user has access to. Though I would not recommend putting plain text passwords in this either. Store them somewhere encrypted.
source:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/20238
https://linux.die.net/man/8/sudo


First enable restricted, multiverse and partner repository. Click here to see a bunch of helpful questions about how to do this. By default restricted repository is enabled.
Open a terminal and execute this command to install necessary codecs to play .aa3 format files.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3

Then you can open and play files with standard player. Such as Rhythmbox or totem.
OP says the method doesn't work.
If this method doesn't work, I guess the files are DRM protected. In simple words, DRM protection is used to prevent piracy of Digital contents (there are other usages also) such as Music, Videos etc. You need a key to decrypt or read the digital content which is only supplied to you by the Vendor.
Check these Links to know more about DRM protection:

Digital Right Management (DRM) - Wikipedia Article
How DRM works - How Stuff works
DRM and Music


Install ibus first.

sudo apt-get install ibus

or click this.
Install the m17n library which holds the indic fonts (includes good old malayalam).

sudo apt-get install ibus-m17n m17n-contrib

or click this then this.
Go to System ▸ Preferences ▸ Ibus preferences
Take the 'input method' tab.
From the drop down menu Select an input method, choose malayalam ▸ swanalekha and then click on Add.
Open up a text editor, hit CtrlSpace to change the language and type away.


enabling discrete gpu and choosing which gpu to use

Ok, solved it.
I purged everything (driver,nvidia-prime,bumblebee).
Then installed the latest nvidia drivers (as shown here and then installed nvidia-prime and prime indicator as shown here and here.

I had some problems after rebooting. The monitor was working on 800x600 and there was nothing i could do about it so i switched to the intel gpu which led me to a black screen that was displaying a bunch of stuff and then froze.

After hard reseting though everything was back to normal and working.
Now everything works as it should.

Hope the info helps someone else.


Ubuntu 20.04.1, everything stops responding. Lenovo Thinkpad T14s AMD

In the BIOS setting of Lenovo:

Config -> Power -> Sleep State

You might find the Sleep State of the BIOS as "Windows 10" by default. If it is the case, I believe that you should change it to "Linux" in case of your Ubuntu 20.04.1.
For me, after changing this "Sleep State" to "Linux", I observe no system hangs in  "Suspend" sleep mode anymore. Maybe this is also the case for you.
You can refer the location of the setting in the image below:


Install the driver this way. Connect to internet by a cable and run in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtl8192cu-dkms


Ubuntu 14.04.5 how to upgrade from to new kernel

You can do it by running

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-xenial

in a terminal.


Command for reporting free/used space on *unmounted* partitions?

This should work on unmounted discs:

tune2fs -l /dev/sda1

or

parted /dev/sda print al

The latter requires you to install parted ;)

  The reason I ask, is that I have several (many!) external hard-drives, and would like to quickly find out which have space left, without jumping through too many hoops (like actually mounting and unmounting them).

As soon as you plug them in they will get mounted(?)

Next to that: how are you suppose to know what device the external disc is on without mounting them?


You can easily reset vlc setting by renaming your vlc configuration folder. Open terminal by press Ctrl+Alt+T and run following command (bak stand for backup):

mv ~/.config/vlc ~/.config/vlc.bak

After you execute those command, vlc will act like its original state.


I'm sure that you'll be able to install Ubuntu onto a solid state drive, given that it is large and fast enough, though performance has always been greater on HDD for me, why are you unable to create more partitions?

I always install Linux second so that I can use GRUB to boot to both Linux, Windows 7 and Windows 8 (I installed the three alongside).

I can't imagine you having problems with Intel SST though, if you do, feel free to return to the Askubuntu community with a new question!

Make sure to mark any answers you deem acceptable as answered to keep the community going.


When trying to installing MySQL I got "unable to locate package mysql-server"

mysql-server is a metapackage depending on the latest version of mysql-server, so it doesn't need to be installed. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install aptitude
sudo aptitude install mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server-core-5.5


Is there a way to fetch a gtk app's gsettings values?

I never mind. I recently noticed (1) the key can be access via gconftool-2:

$ gconftool-2 --all-entries /apps/devhelp/ui
 fixed_font = Inconsolata 12
 use_system_fonts = false
 variable_font = Ubuntu 12

I guess up until now (Ubuntu 13.04), the developers of Devhelp haven't fully adopted GSettings.


Key not generated in default,how do I connect without a password?

If you don't store your key in ~/.ssh/id_rsa (or one of the other default locations - see man ssh), you have to tell ssh where your private key is: ssh -i ~/test/keys


It is a bad idea to play with this stuff using kernels before 4.16+. You use 4.15. Also, this stuff is extremely tricky.


What to use for a working area when learning python and Linux/Ubuntu?

You can save your code in your home directory - normally /home/(your username)/ or ~/ for short. Once you've saved your code you should be able to call it from python by using

$ python ~/myCode/example1.py

if  your code was in a folder called myCode (also note that folder & file names are case sensitive)

You don't need to be in the directory /usr/bin/ to run python as that folder is part of your $PATH - which means it's accessible no matter which folder you're in.

You may also want to use IDLE, a commonly used GUI for python. You can install it by searching in the Software Center or by running

$ sudo apt-get install python-idle


Dual boot Ubuntu 16.04 and Windows 8.1 goes straight to windows

Use "boot-repair disk" google it. It is live CD about 600mb. Mandatory condition is it should be connected with WiFi before repairing boot loader.It will automatically scan your all bootable drives and will give you instructions on the spot. A menu will come where mouse will not work. In that condition you have to use tab to move courser and space to select. Your problem will be solved if you will not make changes in Grub manually. Reason is in mostly cases manual changes are not understood by "boot-repair disk".

When on windows installed system, we install Ubuntu, it automatically gives option to create dual boot for both systems but if Ubuntu is pre-installed and we are adding windows to our system then it stops the grub of Ubuntu. So this crash of grub of Ubuntu was obvious.


How to install nwchem by adding a launchpad source (not PPA)

Just simply run:

sudo apt install nwchem

it's a supported package which already exist in official repository, and the link you provide is the source of it.

The fact is that you already have access to the source of this package, if you want to download the source you can run:

apt source --download-only nwchem

And if you want to compile and install it from source code:

first install the built dependencies.

sudo apt build-dep nwchem

then use this command to fetch and compile nwchem

apt source --compile nwchem

then install it:

sudo dpkg -i nwchem-version.deb

or you can use things like gdebi to handle dependencies too.


Is it possible to update just the Unity plugin in Compiz to the latest/greatest for testing?

In short, no.

Unity consists of more than just a compiz plugin, and depends on several libraries that would require you to upgrade your system (unless you want to risk breaking everything).

I would suggest creating a Live CD or USB, or even testing 11.10 on a virtual machine if you have hardware powerful enough for it.


I noticed when I shined a flashlight at the black screen there was an image on the screen.  It appears the back light on the laptop's screen was not on.  It was fixed by using the laptop's keyboard screen brightness keys to change the brightness.


Unable to add/edit keyboard shortcuts in XFCE4

Me too, Xubuntu using Xfce 4.10. It'll be fixed any day now I'm sure. See for example an Xfce forum entry where people reported shortcuts stopped working in 4.10, and this nice fellow Jerome jumped in with a ready fix, not even quite one entire year later!

If you'd rather not wait, I'm pretty sure the balky dialog is just a GUI glitch. You can edit the XML file (~/.config/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xfce4-keyboard-shortcuts.xml) directly with a text editor. You can also still set shortcuts using the command line xfconf-query. This for example will add a keyboard shortcut Super-q to launch a terminal as Super-t does:

xfconf-query --channel xfce4-keyboard-shortcuts --property "/commands/custom/<Super>q" --create --type string --set "exo-open --launch TerminalEmulator"

Executing the above adds this line to xfce4-keyboard-shortcuts.xml:

<property name="&lt;Super&gt;q" type="string" value="exo-open --launch TerminalEmulator"/>

The exact magic to add whatever shortcut it is you're hankering for, of course, will vary. The XML file is full of ideas, even if you decide to modify it using xfconf-query.


Install Ralink corp. RT2800 drivers in lubuntu

In our chat, we determined that the Optiplex doesn't come with wireless by default. The fact that you also had problems in Windows suggests that it's a hardware; i.e. physical layer, issue.

The fact that the driver is present, there are no errors in the log and the result of scanning is not an error or a warning but, "no scan results" made me wonder if the antenna is present or, if it's present, if it has become dislodged and not securely attached.

In order to add wireless, you, or a previous owner, added a PCI wireless card; something like this:

I suggested that you check the antennae to be certain they were securely attached. You found them loose, tightened them and the wireless then scanned and connected.


Ubuntu 16.04 - udev rules and notify-send

If programs do NOT run in a terminal, for example cron, you must make sure certain environment variables are set in your script prior to issuing commands.Also commands must either have the full path or their paths must be set in PATH in your script.

I created this little example script to show a notification for 10 seconds when the script is started by cron:

$ ls -l DoSomething
-rwxrwxr-x 1 willem willem 286 May 31 12:12 DoSomething

$ crontab -l
# m h  dom mon dow   command
* * * * * /home/willem/DoSomething > /tmp/DoSomething.log 2> /tmp/DoSomething.err

$ cat DoSomething
#!/bin/bash
eval "export $(egrep -z DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /proc/$(pgrep -u $LOGNAME xfce4-session)/environ)";
echo "Setting vars..."
export DISPLAY=:0
export XAUTHORITY=/home/willem/.Xauthority

echo "Calling notify..."
/usr/bin/notify-send "Hello, world !" -t 10000
echo "Done !"


How can I use GPRename's regex feature to reinsert the matched-group into the 'replace'?

Unfortunately, it appears you cannot; and that it's an incomplete regex implementation at fault.

This line at the end of all the GPRename locale translations seems to make that obvious:

msgid "Backreferences with Regular expression cannot be use
       as $1 is considered a Perl variable."

Since you are familiar with Perl regular expressions, may I recommend you use the excellent rename command-line utility instead?

Always use the -n switch first to get a preview.
There's a typo in your regex - it should be \((\d{2})\), with the grouping inside the escaped parentheses.
Example:

$ rename -n 's/\((\d{2})\)/$1/' *.avi
(01) title of file1.avi renamed as 01 title of file1.avi
(02) title of file2.avi renamed as 02 title of file2.avi
(03) title of file3.avi renamed as 03 title of file3.avi

Call rename with the -v (verbose) switch and drop the -n to actually perform the renaming.


I've used a tmpfs for pbuilder before, and done some benchmarks against ext4. With 4GB of ram it ended up being between 30%-100% faster on the tmpfs for most packages, up to packages as big as Xorg.

You'll want to bind-mount /var/cache/apt/archives in order to get your package cache available in the chroot.

You can get a more efficient build with sbuild and an aufs union mount, where the base chroot won't be copied to ram.


Ok looks like font matching was wrong. This works:

<!-- Special handling for Droid Font family -->
<match target="font">
    <test name="family" qual="any" compare="contains">
        <string>Droid</string>
    </test>

    <edit mode="assign" name="hintstyle"><const>hintfull</const></edit>
    <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
    <edit name="rgba" mode="assign"><const>rgb</const></edit>
</match>

<!-- Special handling for Ubuntu Font family -->
<match target="font">
    <test name="family" qual="any" compare="contains">
        <string>Ubuntu</string>
    </test>

    <edit mode="assign" name="hintstyle"><const>hintnone</const></edit>
    <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
    <edit name="rgba" mode="assign"><const>rgb</const></edit>
</match>


Can't connect to WiFi with "Connection activation failed" error after upgrade from 14.04 -> 15.04

Simply try again to install/reinstall network-manager with all dependeces.
sudo apt-get reinstall network-manager
sudo apt-get build-dep network-manager

ł.o.


It is possible to add information about multiple APs under the access-points: key for a given interface.  Because you are not using NetworkManager, the ability to manage selection of the AP used at runtime will be limited.  If you need roaming wireless support, NetworkManager is the recommended backend for these interfaces.


Pluma uses GTKSourceView to highlight languages.
The package for its common files, which is typically something like libgtksourceview-3.0-common contains the language definitions which are typically stored as XML files in /usr/share/gtksourceview-3.0/language-specs/
What I've done just gooling this issue now and not finding a solution, is create a directory inside there called All/ and moved all the files in there to the /usr/share/gtksourceview-3.0/language-specs/All/ and I'm just going to move the ones I use back into /usr/share/gtksourceview-3.0/language-specs/ which will make only those show up in the menu.
This however doesn't apply only to Pluma, but anything which uses GTKSourceView.
On my system there are 135 files in this directory and you need to leave the following 4 in there for any highlighting to work:
def.lang, language2.rng, language.dtd, and language.rng
I now have only 24 other .lang files in there for all languages I will conceivably view or code in:
automake awk chdr c cmake cpphdr cpp css csv dosbatch html json julia lua makefile pascal perl php python3 python sh tcl xml yaml
and these are now all that show up in the pluma menu.
Note: the name of the file isn't necessarily what shows up in the menu such as files like chdr.lang, cpp.lang, cpphdr.lang, for example which show as C/ObjC Header, C++, C++ Header respectively.
This is not an /ideal/ solution as it can be overwritten by updates to the gtksourceview-common package, but its the only way I see to do it other than modifying the source code of pluma or gtksourceview and recompiling.


If you really want to change the partition type of this partition, see the following:

The sfdisk-command --change-id is deprecated and you should use --part-type instead.

From man sfdisk:

--part-type device partition-number [type]
              Change the partition type.  If type is not specified, then print
              the current partition type.  The type  argument  is  hexadecimal
              for  MBR,  or  a  GUID  for GPT.  For backward compatibility the
              options -c and --id have the same meaning as this one.

As you use GPT sfdisk expects a GUID and not a dos partition type.

You can find the GUID for the different partition types here:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table

You have to replace fd (which would be valid if you use dos partition table) with it's counterpart for GPT, so the correct command is

sudo sfdisk --part-type /dev/sdb 2 A19D880F-05FC-4D3B-A006-743F0F84911E

And here another interesting link:

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1183234

In addition you should also change the UUID's of the cloned file-systems. When the system boots it will try to mount the Efi System Partition and the OS-partition using UUID's, the first partition found with the UUID used in /etc/fstab will be mounted and you can not be sure which of the two partitions with the same UUID is that.

To change the UUID of a partition use something like

tune2fs -U UUID /dev/sdb2

where UUID is a UUID of your choice or the keyword random to generate a new random UUID. Take a look at man tune2fs.


No desktop after installation of nvidia drivers

I also had this problem but after many days of trial and error this was the only solution that worked for me:

Go to a TTY (Control+Alt+F1)

Log in
sudo stop gdm to kill X
sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-256.44.run (but replace this with the actual file)
Assuming that goes well, it should build, install and load the kernel driver so just sudo start gdm to get back into X

Note: Ubuntu's driver will automatically rebuild the nvidia kernel module when it updates its kernel (security updates, etc). Unless you want to get involved in some serious scripting trickery, the manually installed one wont. So after kernel updates you'll likely be dumped at a low-resolution screen with a prompt on what to do next. Click exit to prompt (or the one that sounds like that) and do what you did starting from point 2.

Note on that Note: I recommend you never use the low graphics mode as it can disturb your desktop settings. Just get out of X, reinstall the driver and get back into X with full hardware capabilities.

Source: Good NVidia drivers for a GeForce GT 330M on a VAIO laptop?


Authorization pop-up requested by http://localhost:51675 every time I run Firefox

I assume you've installed Firefox using the Software center (or apt-get/aptitude, but not from untrusted sources).

Your problem looks similar to the one as described on http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1299957. I suspect that Bindwood 1.0.4 has something to do with this. Try disabling this add-on, and restart Firefox.


Why does Nvidia Settings have different resolutions than the Monitor option?

The reason is that the Monitors capplet uses the XRandR protocol to do multi-monitor and resolution changes.  The proprietary nvidia drivers only support an old and restrictive version of this protocol, so it's entirely possible to have a system where the information the Monitors capplet gets from the nvidia driver is different from the information that the NVidia Settings (which uses an nvidia-specific protocol to talk to the driver) gets.

This means that there are two options for making the resolutions displayed the same:

Add code to the Monitors capplet to talk the nvidia-specific protocol to the nvidia driver (as suggested in this question)
Have nvidia implement more modern XRandR support in their driver, so the nvidia driver can expose the relevant information in the same way that all the other drivers do.

Neither of which is likely to be immediately useful to you, sorry.  Just use nvidia-settings for now.


Atom text editor; Shortcuts for moving to bottom of file, moving to end of line

I'll post a few tips here:

Use ctrl+a to select all and then press ↑ to go to the top or ↓ to go to the bottom of the file. For the beginning / end of a line try ctrl-← and ctrl-→ or if it doesn't work try the same with shift or alt.
You can use the vim plugin for atom and this will make all of these (and much more) possible. So with the vim plugin you can use in command mode: gg to go to the top of a file, G to go to the end, $ to go to the end of a line, 0 to go to the beginning of a line, ^ to go to the first non-empty character on a line. Read more about it here.

Hope that helps.


From what I understand, Canonical stopped offering wubi because it does not work with UEFI-based PC's. If you upgraded to Windows 8 (it didn't come pre-installed), you probably have BIOS firmware, which wubi does work with. In any case, you don't really have a specific question you're asking here. Next time you want to share something like this with the community, make a question and answer it yourself with the answer box! It's a Q&A site, quite different than a forum as I learned...


How do I get the Radeon HD 6650M in my Lenovo G770 laptop working?

Given your progress on finding vga_switcheroo I'd be tempted to reinstall the OS, (and update to the latest version of Ubuntu) just to be sure that your original attempts to change drivers didn't actually set you back and break the drivers for your discrete graphics card.

My guess is that the drivers were originally fine, but that you originally needed to issue requests to vga_switcheroo to restart your session (logging out should be enough if you want to avoid an actual restart).

It's interesting to note that the choice of graphics card which is powered up originally may depend on whether your laptop is plugged in or not (depends on manufacturer, I don't know if this is the case with you). Perhaps that's what they mean by switchable mode in the BIOS.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HybridGraphics suggests the following as you mentioned, but worth looking at the entire page to verify what's right for your case.

echo DDIS > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch

Generally speaking you're best off with hardware support from the most recent linux kernel you can get, which means that you may get better results from installing Ubuntu Oneiric Ocelot (11.10) than with Natty Narwhal (11.04), which will mean a more up to date set of software all round.

If you really want to push things forward, adding the X-swat repository will give you more bleeding edge versions of your X server (the software which provides the windowing environment for Ubuntu).

https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-x-swat/+archive/x-updates

If you're totally crazy, it's possible to use the Xorg Edgers repository, but the warnings about it are real, and if you use this on a system you care about, you have to be very comfortable on the command line and with apt pinning to reverse any changes which break your build.

Caveat: Although I'm an experienced linux user and administrator, I'm just learning about switchable graphics as I'm anticipating delivery of a dual-card Dell Q15R with Intel HD 3000 and GT 525M (Xmas present to my self). I'll be testing this out for myself pretty soon.


Why is the username still displayed even when it's been deleted using 'userdel'

By default, userdel only deletes the user from /etc/passwd. To remove their home directory too, you pass the -r or --remove flag.

Once the user has been removed using userdel, you cannot retrospectively run userdel -r user to remove the home directory; instead you need to delete the user's home directory yourself, for example by running

sudo rm -r /home/user

replacing user with the username you want to remove.

If there is an entry for the user in /var/mail, or whatever directory is defined for MAIL_DIR in /etc/login.defs (run grep MAIL_DIR /etc/login.defs to check), you can delete that too.

Deleting the home directory should fix the switch account menu too, but I couldn't reproduce your issue on my Ubuntu MATE system. Perhaps rebooting after removing the user's home directory is also needed for you.

See also the more flexible tool deluser.


Bluetooth won't enable on Lenovo G560 under Ubuntu 13.04

Sorry that my solution didn't solved 100% your problem.I forgot to mention i have a usb bluetooh adapter(old one, bouth it 7 years ago), not a built-in laptop one.After you install the packages enable bluetooth and visibility from the standard menu, then for other settings, pairing devices and data transfers use only Blueman.Blueman icon appears in the up panel not in the unity bar.So, now i have 2 bluetooth icons in the panel in this order(in my case):Blueman-Mail-Battery-Stardard Ubuntu Bluetooth-Network-Sound-Date/Hour-Settings(with suspend, log out and all that stuff).


How Can i use Deepin in Lubuntu / Xubuntu?

Can i use Deepin in Lubuntu / Xubuntu??

Short answer:yes. In reality Lubuntu, Xubuntu, and other flavors all have same Ubuntu base underneath, so there's virtually no difference if you install DDE on Ubuntu 18.04 or  Lubuntu 18.04 or Xubuntu 18.04.

OMGUbuntu, one of the major blogs regarding Ubuntu and related software, provides a tutorial for most recent release - 18.04 - on how to install Deepin Desktop Environment 15.6. It's applicable to any flavor of Ubuntu. There's just 3 steps:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:leaeasy/dde
sudo apt install dde dde-file-manager
sudo apt install deepin-gtk-theme

There's also a choice between keeping the GDM greeter or using Lightdm, and  I'd recommend Lightdm if you want actual Deepin look for login screen.

Note that PPA is maintained by community members, meaning the PPA isn't officially supported by Deepin developers. Personally, I'd recommend installing actual Deepin OS on your machine: besides official support and updates, the OS itself is designed to work nicely with the desktop environment. To quote from the PPA page, "[T]he dde depends on qt version above than 5.6. If you want to install dde, please upgrade to 17.04 or above." so versions of Ubuntu prior to 17.04 aren't supported.


VM VirtualBox doesn't allow to enable 64-bit guest on Ubuntu 12.04 and Lenovo G500S

It seems that I have already found the reason. Simply I was searching VT-x model in BIOS setup, but there was line called Intel Virtualization Technology and this one was disabled. After enabling all 64-bit options are visible in my VM. Question can be closed...


Start a different program instead of the desktop manager

OK, although I didn't accomplish my goal exactly the way that I was looking for, but after doing some research I did find a way of doing this for the specific application that I am looking for.  It appears that QLC+ happens to have a kiosk mode built into the Linux version, so the syntax that I need to run in my auto start entry is:

qlcplus --kiosk --fullscreen --open workspace.qxw

I would still be interested in knowing how I could have gone about doing it the way I had been asking, since I may run into something similar in the future, so if anyone has a way of doing it as phrased in the question, I would still love to hear it for learning's sake.


Ubuntu desktop - Audio skips on Raspberry Pi 4

I have found the answer, upgrade from Ubuntu 20.10 to 21.04.
Don't make the mistake of thinking the solution has anything to do with 21.04's use of Wayland. Due to a problematic combination of Wayland, Raspberry Pi and a Logitech wireless keyboard, I'm forced to continue with Xorg.


Match Pattern and write following value as variable

I would consider using a language that can parse the JSON and manipulate the data. Here's some ruby (and shell)

$ cat data.json
{
    "headers": {
        "content-type": "application/octet-stream;\r\n\tname=\"I may have long file names - With lots of spaces.zip\"",
        "content-transfer-encoding": "base64",
        "content-disposition": "attachment;\r\n\tfilename=\"I may have long file names - With lots of spaces.zip\""
    }
}

$ filename=$(ruby -rjson -e '
    data = JSON.parse(File.read(ARGV.shift))
    m = data["headers"]["content-disposition"].match(/filename=(.+)$/m)
    filename = m[1].gsub(/^"|"$/,"")
    puts filename
' data.json)

$ echo "$filename"
I may have long file names - With lots of spaces.zip


Disable alt + tab moving windows by itself

I believe the solution you want is to tell the compiz place plugin to ignore the window in question.  You can edit the compiz plugin settings with gconf-editor, however you will need to install it first.

Personally I prefer to leave compiz and it's plugins alone and run with the defaults - I've spent too much time fixing a broken system.

Another solution that seems to suggest itself is to disable the place plugin completely, however this may prove to be even more annoying since all of the automatic window placment we take for granted will be missing.  New windows will always open at 0,0 for example, probably being put under the launcher and top panel.

If I want a windowed application to be on the screen at the same time as another application it's a fairly simple matter to resize the windows and place them appropriately.  With a high resolution desktop it's possible to increase productivity significantly if you re-size the windows and change the placement, while keeping them entirely on the current desktop.


How to make my Ubuntu machine as router for “ zolertia z1 mote ” running Contiki ( Ping Border router from another PC)

By default, the packet forwarding is disabled in kernel. You can check the output of the command:

cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

If it is 0 then it is disabled.

You can enable it by:

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

If you still cannot ping from inside network, check your ubuntu firewall and that you specified the right gateway for inside network.
The iptables rules are following:

sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE -s 192.168.2.0/24

The iproute settings:

sudo ip route del default
sudo ip route add default via 192.168.1.1

The 192.168.2.0/24 is the subnet where you want to forward the traffic and the 192.168.1.1 is your gateway. You need to enter all commands on the computer where you want to share the internet connection.

Inside your subnet you need to perform following commends:

sudo ip route del default
sudo ip route add default via 192.168.2.15
sudo sh -c "echo 'nameserver 192.168.1.1' > /etc/resolv.conf"

where 192.168.2.15 is your node from your subnet connected to the machine that is sharing the internet.


Where did the Sharing Options from nautilus go?

This is how I resolved this:

I had removed the nautilus-share package.

Now, I have reinstalled it now and it works.


So what happened was, first of all, it appears ccsm does not use a checkmark for the desktop program.  This is IMHO very misleading because there are checkmarks for everything else.

Second, the default Unity behaviour, appears to be, to slide the mouse to left border and then icons and buttons will appear.  It's great except...  if the screen is misaligned, which may happen - just happened for me, not my fault, somehow the graphics adapter driver misbehaves, the adapter supports that resolution, the monitor does too, but, they misalign.  If I change the resolution, the problem goes away.

OK so if there is misalignment at the left edge, now what??  We have chicken and egg - can't slide the pointer to have the icons show.

IMHO this is a poor design for the default behaviour.  The default behaviour should always be, to have the icons show up, and a little distance away from the edges.


The reason might be that cups has not been started yet. You may try to run /etc/init.d/cups start.


Unable to install Ubuntu, during installation the 'Install alongside windows' option is missing

I shrank my main Data partition which was initially 408 gb and after shrinking became about 390 gb.

After shrinking an unallocated space was created just below 390 Gb partition.From that unallocated space create a new ext4 partition where ubuntu is going to be installed.(do all operations in gparted partition editor)

Now run the ubuntu installer and then choose something else option to install Ubuntu on the created ext4 partition.

The installer automatically asks you to create a swap partition.Give the size of the swap partition as double the RAM size(if your RAM size was low).


How do I move from the desktop directory to my home directory?

Welcome to Ubuntu.

To change directories, use cd

cd

If you do not put in an argument you will go to your home directory. You can also

cd ..

go up one directory.

See - http://linuxcommand.org/

You may not get all the way through that site, but the initial information is invaluable.


how to choose the openstack version（like Juno/kilo/liberty) using the autopilot

The autopilot only allows installation of the most recent qualified openstack release.  Right now, liberty is what is shipped, but soon it will be mitaka.  At that point, liberty will no longer be an option, and so-on.


Try to repair the usb using mkusb

I have also encountered such a problem due to repeated formatting and mounting. Then I used mkusb to repair my device.

Plugin your USB and start mkusb. It will detect your device and will give you a number of options. Select "restore to a standard storage device" and see if that solves your problem.


How do you remove the Show Applications button?

Right Click on the Show Applications button.

Then click Dash to Panel Settings.

Click the highlighted Visible button adjacent to Show Applications button.


The key line in the log is this error:

  swap device /dev/sda5 is larger than expected

BleachBit has some safety protocols to prevent accidentally wiping the wrong partition when it is trying to wipe memory, and in BleachBit version 1.12 the safety limit is 8,589,934,592 bytes (8 gibibytes).

The limit is hard coded, and I doubled it to 16 gibibytes for the next release.

For now you can either:

Uncheck System - Memory to disable cleaning the memory
Edit Memory.py on your system. Change the 8 * 1024 ** 3 to a large value, similar to this patch.
Wait for the next release


Only require password when waking up from suspend when suspended for 10 minutes

Create a file within /lib/systemd/system-sleep/, named e.g: lightdm:

sudo touch /lib/systemd/system-sleep/lightdm

make this file executable:

sudo chmod +x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/lightdm

Every time you "suspend" or "resume" your Ubuntu, this script going to be run.

Open it using your desired text editor, e.g: sudo nano /lib/systemd/system-sleep/lightdm, and paste this lines into it and then save it:

#!/bin/sh
set -e

case "$1" in
   pre)

    #Store current timestamp (while suspending)
    /bin/echo "$(date +%s)" > /tmp/_suspend
    ;;

   post)
      #Compute old and current timestamp
      oldts="$(cat /tmp/_suspend)"
      ts="$(date +%s)"

      #Prompt for password if suspended > 10 minutes
      if [ $((ts-oldts)) -ge 600 ];
       then
         export XDG_SEAT_PATH=/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0
         /usr/bin/dm-tool lock
      fi

      /bin/rm /tmp/_suspend
   ;;
esac

What it does?

When you are putting your Ubuntu into "sleep" mode this script will save current timestamps, then while resuming system it will check old timestamps with the current one, if the different was more that "600" second (10 Minuets) it's going to show you "lightdm" lock screen otherwise it does nothing.

For the last step:

open "system settings" -> "Brightness & lock". Disable asking password after waking up from suspend, because we leave handling the lock screen to the script.

After reboot or shutdown you still need to enter your password.


Set F-Keys primary instead of special keys on Lenovo

If you press FN + Esc it switches between the 2 modes. Visible with the led on the FN key.

It is easier to use F1, F2 etc; when you want to use the special functions you can just use the FN key plus the F keys.


LibreOffice Writer preserving fonts in document

I STRONGLY ADVISE YOU TEST THIS BY TRANSFERRING THE DOCUMENT ONTO A MICROSOFT COMPUTER ;)

From https://help.libreoffice.org/Common/Embedding_Fonts

  Choose File - Properties - Font tab

  Mark this box to embed document fonts into the document file, for portability between different computer systems. The document with embedded fonts has a larger size and the fonts are used on the target computer for better rendering of the document layout.

  Consider embedding fonts when your document use rare or custom fonts not generally available in other computers.


Trying to install Ubuntu but just keeps needing to reinstall it

It's possible secure boot or UEFI is enabled.  If this laptop is that new look in the BIOS menu for secure boot, UEFI, and disable it.  I've had this happen before on ubuntu installs with this annoying "feature" enabled.


ERROR Installation Guide for Android SDK

An empty ~/.bashrc isn't a problem. That just means that nothing has been entered in the file. Fill in your configuration and continue with the installation.


Here is a video from 2014 with Ubuntu touch and WebGL: Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zxk6nIlVeH8

Wikipedia lists it and the WebGL website states:

  WebGL is based on OpenGL ES 2.0 and uses the HTML5 canvas element. Version 1.0 was released in March 2011 and some early adopters and users of WebGL including Google Maps and Zygote Body. Autodesk also ported many of their applications to the cloud, running on local WebGL systems. Some of the browsers that support WebGL include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera, and Safari. It is also supported by a number of mobile browsers including Opera Mobile, WebOS, and Ubuntu Touch.

So: yes.


How to setup sudoers for Apache web service?

In Ubuntu, apache runs as the www-data user. If you want to use sudo without a password from a web page, you should probably limit the commands that it can run.


How integrate manually installed app into the desktop?

Alacarte
After installation of Alacarte open "Main Menu" from the Dash or open a terminal and type
alacarte

This will open the menu editor. Choose the app category on the left that your app fits into and then click New Item.

Enter the name of the application. In the new window click Browse next to the Command item and find the file resp. the command that launches the app. You can click on the default icon and browse to find a different picture to use. Then Click OK and then try searching Dash.


You can use:

while read line; do grep "${line##* }" File_B; done < File_A > File_C


Compiz ( or even compositing in general) is not starting up when I login. Solution?

Many people seem to have the same problem.

You will need to delete the compiz and compiz-1 directories in your home .config directory.

Compiz files are then re-generated when you re-boot and log in again.

It worked for me.


Screen flickering and laptop goes to sleep

It's probably the display driver or the refresh rate.

Go to Preferences->Display/Monitors and check the refresh rate.  You will need to determine what it needs to be for your monitor (Google)

If that's okay, check the version of the display driver you are using.

sudo lshw -c video | grep 'configuration'
sudo lshw -c video

Then you will need to determine what's supposed to be there.  This means determining what your graphic card is.


Nautilus search for Artist Albums, Artist name and other Music Metadata

You can add the ability rather easily by downloading a python script: http://pastebin.com/zN69twVP

Discovered through the inimitable resource that is the ArchWiki:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GNOME/Files#Music_files_metadata_in_list_view

EDIT:

You can also add the functionality using WebUpd8's PPA:
http://www.webupd8.org/2012/05/add-pdf-audio-and-exif-metadata-to.html


Broadcom Corp. BCM4313 Wirelss not detected in Ubuntu 12.10

I believe bcmwl-kernel-source is correct for your device. Let's try again:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe wl

You should be all set.


Driver for rtl8812au unplugs after reboot

The installation of the driver by Dynamic Kernel Module Support (dkms) means that it is not necessary to recompile and reinstall the driver with every kernel update. That process seems to have gone perfectly, at least for your latest and presumably running kernel version, 5.0.0-32-generic.

Occasionally, for reasons that I don't completely understand, a module doesn't load on boot as soon as the system recognizes an ID that it covers; in your case 0846:9052. There is, however, a mechanism to get a kernel module to load at boot automatically. From the terminal:

sudo -i
echo 8812au  >>  /etc/modules
exit

Reboot and check:

dmesg | grep 8812au
lsmod | grep 8812au

EDIT: From the terminal, please do:

sudo dkms remove rtl8812AU/5 --all
sudo dkms remove rtl8812au/5.1.5 -k "$(uname -r)/$(uname -p)"
sudo dkms build rtl8812au/5.1.5 -k "$(uname -r)/$(uname -p)"
sudo dkms install rtl8812au/5.1.5 -k "$(uname -r)/$(uname -p)"

Next, we'll try to fix the dkms.conf files.

sudo nano a/rtl8812au/dkms.conf

Scroll down to the line that currently reads MAKE="'make' all" to read MAKE="'make' all KVER=${kernelver}"

Proofread carefully twice, save (Ctrl+o followed by Enter) and exit the text editor (Ctrl+x).

Make the exact same change to /usr/src/rtl8812au-5.1.5/dkms.conf. I suspect that you also have a file in /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812au/5.1.5/build/dkms.conf; please check and change it as well, if so.

Reboot. Does the wireless work as expected?


The only package which is pre-installed on your system is foomatic-db-compressed-ppds. ubuntu-desktop depends on foomatic-db-compressed-ppds, but the removal of foomatic-db-compressed-ppds, which also removes ubuntu-desktop, doens't destroys your system, as ubuntu-desktop is only a meta-package.

  This package contains all PPD files which can be generated from the
  Foomatic database as one small compressed archive. This reduces the
  disk space consumption compared to the Foomatic XML database vastly
  and in addition makes listing of all available PPDs and extracting the
  needed PPD much faster than using the Foomatic XML database.

Both packages, cups-pdf and printer-driver-cups-pdf, don't depends on foomatic-db-compressed-ppds.

On the other side, if you need any foomatic package later by a dependency, let's resolve this problem later, if there is any.


How do I check the status of apf firewall?

Usually APF logs somewhere (I believe /var/log/apf-log).  After rebooting your machine.  You can check the log.  If it is starting up properly you should see it loaded the rules during the time the machine was booting.

if chkconfig is installed run:

chkconfig --list apf

It should output something like:

apf             0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

meaning that apf is set to start at run levels 2, 3, etc.

Your system probably boots into run level 3 by default.


Set OOM killer adjustment for process on startup?

I think you best bet would be to add a separate script as part of your init.d.  In it, you will want to do something like this

echo 15 > /proc/`pidof APP_NAME`/oom_adj

The pidof APP_NAME will retrieve the process ID of the app with that name.  Writing 15 to /proc/{pid}/oom_adj ups the "badness" of process {pid}, making it more likely to be killed by OOM killer.

The article Taming the OOM killer from LWN.net also hints at some other ideas that were suggested to allow specification of an "oom_victim", but I am not sure any of them are actually in the kernel.

BTW: The best solution would be to avoid having to use the OOM Killer in the first place.  Remember Micro$oft's unwritten motto: There's no problem more RAM can't fix.

[Note: If there could be more than one of these processes, you may want to revise the code a bit.]


I have the same issue and I have founded a solution: I’ve changed the sync to async in this /etc/fstab line that I used to tell Ubuntu to auto-mount the disk:

UUID=<uuid> <pathtomount> <file system> uid=<userid>,gid=<groupid>,umask=0022,sync,auto,rw 0 0.


Installing Ubuntu Touch Failed Nexus 7 2012

Your problem is that support for the Nexus 7 (gen 1) has been dropped, and this method won't work any more. This was announced on 03-Mar-2014 (as noted below).

In formal terms:

Support (as reference hardware) for the Nexus 7 (original model) is now deprecated, with development now focused on: Nexus 4 smartphone, Nexus 7 (2013) tablet, and Nexus 10 tablet.

See: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Install

  Supported devices and codenames

  The table below lists the supported devices and their corresponding factory images, ..

See also:

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/01/ubuntu-touch-wont-support-nexus-5-will-drop-support-nexus-7-10

  Nexus Device Support Dropped

  Along with no dice for the Nexus 5, moving Ubuntu Touch to an Android 4.4 enablement stack has resulted in further decisions on which devices should remain “officially supported”.

  From the end of January official builds for three of the four currently supported Nexus devices will be discontinued, affecting users of:

  Nexus 10 (2012)
  Nexus 7 (2012)
  Galaxy Nexus

  ..

PLEASE NOTE:

This article does not exactly match current support, as Nexus 10 in still (for the moment) being supported. However, focus (going forward) is definitely on the Nexus 4 (for phone), and Nexus 7 (2013) (for tablet).


matching file names (without extension) in two folders and write them in a new folder

It's somewhat inefficient, but if you know for sure that each png file has a corresponding mrc file, then all you really need to do is loop over the png files and replace the directory component and extension e.g.

for f in dir1/*.png; do echo cp "dir2/$(basename "$f" .png).mrc" newdir/; done

Ex. given

$ tree dir1 dir2
dir1
├── a.png
├── b.png
└── d.png
dir2
├── a.mrc
├── b.mrc
├── c.mrc
├── d.mrc
├── e.mrc
└── f.mrc

0 directories, 9 files

then

$ for f in dir1/*.png; do echo cp "dir2/$(basename "$f" .png).mrc" newdir/; done
cp dir2/a.mrc newdir/
cp dir2/b.mrc newdir/
cp dir2/d.mrc newdir/

Remove the echo once you're satisfied it's doing what you want


Time and week start day in Thunderbird in Ubuntu 18

Open up your Thunderbird and locate the settings with Edit --> Preferences --> Advanced on the Data and Time Formatting select the first option to use you Ubuntu settings config for Time format.

Source: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/1228724


Dual boot ubuntu 18.04 with Windows 10 on Dell G3 3590

This is what worked for me.
After disabling secure boot and keying in bitlocker key, the harddisk (SSD in my case) is still encrypted. In settings, there is an option to disable encryption. After disabling that, it takes sometime to decrypt the disk. Once that is done, when I tried installing ubuntu, it worked. I could see my SSD there and the free space to install ubuntu. Remember to switch to AHCI as well. I followed the 2nd method here.
TL; DR: Disable encryption and use AHCI


Well, found the answer to my problem, albeit trying to help another user with a similar problem!

This question https://askubuntu.com/questions/343172/add-apache2-vhost-at-home gave a link that gave me a solution! I just had to run sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www and now I can access it fine! Thanks for the help @Andrew, but I got this one myself!


Problem with start Cisco Packet Tracer 6 on ubuntu 14.04 64bit

I had the same issue, but I got rid of it by installing

sudo apt-get install libnss3-1d:i386 libqt4-qt3support:i386 libssl1.0.0:i386 libqtwebkit4:i386 libqt4-scripttools:i386

just copy and paste into the terminal.


try running following in the terminal:

sudo service network-manager restart

and wait for a while and then:

sudo ifconfig wlan0 down
sudo ifconfig wlan0 up

Read More here: Network Manager


Error executing Xilinx ISE Design Suite .bin file(java xsetup)

You should never ever move files around in /bin - you've very likely broken your system in horrible ways now. Before rebooting even once you should mv /bin/sh.old /bin/sh. If anyone tells you to do something like this to run their package they are at the very best clueless.

As for xsetup, what does that actually do? You can just paste the result of cat xsetup in your question.


Getting the checksum of a file through vsFTPd

This won't answer your question about comparing HASH, however, is too long for a comment.

If you want to avoid downloading files twice, downloading files that have different modification time or different size should be enough in most situations. If this is the case, this answer about using lfpt will be useful.

It uses the mirror option to keep your FTP folder and local folders in sync downloading only the files that have changed.

From the linked answer by GabrieleV:

#!/bin/bash
HOST="your.ftp.host.dom"
USER="username"
PASS="password"
FTPURL="ftp://$USER:$PASS@$HOST"
LCD="/path/of/your/local/dir"
RCD="/path/of/your/remote/dir"
#DELETE="--delete"
lftp -c "set ftp:list-options -a;
open '$FTPURL';
lcd $LCD;
cd $RCD;
mirror --reverse \
       $DELETE \
       --verbose \
       --exclude-glob a-dir-to-exclude/ \
       --exclude-glob a-file-to-exclude \
       --exclude-glob a-file-group-to-exclude* \
       --exclude-glob other-files-to-exclude"

Warning: make sure that the target directory exists, otherwise the cd command will fail, so operation including deleting trees of files  will take place at wrong directory (root)!


You can do this by uploading your program to launchpad and creating PPA.

PPA:

  A PPA is a Personal Package Archive, and is a method of distributing
  software to users, without requiring developers to undergo the full
  process of distribution in the main ubuntu repositories.

  PPAs can be used to extend the available software in ubuntu to both
  programs that are not otherwise available in ubuntu, as well as to
  allow newer versions, such as beta programs, that have not yet
  undergone sufficient testing to be imported into the main archive.

Quoted from Ubuntu website

There is a
Launchpad PPA help file

To install your program, users will need to add the ppa to their repositories like so:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:yourppaname

and then after syncing the package index with apt-get update they will be able to install it with apt-get install


How to access Ubuntu GUI through Teamviewer on headless server?

The package "xserver-xorg-video-dummy" appears to do what is required

Some details on setting it up in this question

Add Fake Display when No Monitor is Plugged In


How do I bind 'Menu key' to right 'Win key'?

This should be do-able using xmodmap.

First, find the keycode for your Win-key: Enter terminal using Ctrl+Alt+T, and type xev. Now press your Win-key and note down the keycode shown.

(If you have problems obtaining the keycode, you may first have to change the Win-key from being a one-key shortcut for Dash. How this can be done has been answered here.

Once you obtain the keycode, say xxx, execute in terminal

xmodmap -e "keycode xxx = Menu"

This should map you Win-key to Menu. You can test it using e.g. xev again: a little after the keycode, it should now write something like (keysym 0xff67, Menu).

To automate setting it on startup, see e.g. this.


first try to run sudo mount -o remount,rw /cdrom on your LiveSession,it makes your read-only root partition remounted as read/write partition,then try to reinstall your dropbox.(Make sure to clean re-install,remove all left files from your computer)

I suggesting to run that first because looks like some part of DropBox need to be installed on read-only root part that will flushed every time you restart

But if it looks like that DropBox need to always write to that root part then i suggest you put that code on init.d also.

How to install an init.d script?


I want to install oracle-java8 on Ubuntu:

I still use java version 8 and follow these steps to install via command line whenever I nuke an OS

add the discontinued repository, it will automatically  install the repository for the newer version but will not prevent you from installing previous versions of java

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java && sudo apt-get update

install java version 8 default, jre or jdk

sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-set-default
# or
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk
# or
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre

verify your version of java

java -version

set your environment variables

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle
export JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre


How to sort files order by "type" for all directories?

You could change Nautilus preferences: Nautilus menu > Preferences > View (tab) and set Arrange items: By Type.

Or you can use dconf-editor. First install it:

sudo apt install dconf-editor

Then launch the application dconf-editor and go to org > gnome > nautilus > preferences and change the Default sort order.

Another way is to use gsettings to set this value:

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences default-sort-order 'type'

References:

How can I script the settings made by gnome-tweak-tool?


Mac Pro with ATI RADEON 5770 - Ubuntu 12.04 x64 and 3 monitors

After installing Ubuntu on Macbook Pro(I am assuming you can do this), install the proprietary graphics driver from additional driver. Search it on dash. Then select the appropriate one for your card. If you want to install the drive manually

What is the correct way to install ATI Catalyst Video Drivers (fglrx)?

Then watch  youtube video for multiple(video shows duel setup) monitor setup.

Possible Dual Monitor Fix (AMD Catalyst) - Ubuntu 12.10


On Ubuntu, which applications use binary file size units, and which ones use decimal units?

Intro:

Before reading this answer, make sure you understand what the different units and the different systems are. This is a quick reminder.

The IEC units are 1KiB (1024 bytes), 1MiB, 1GiB and so on. The SI units are 1kB (1000 bytes), 1MB, 1GB and so on. Ubuntu's unit policy mandates that IEC and SI units be used only.

The traditional units are 1KB (1024 bytes), 1MB, 1 GB and so on. Ubuntu's unit policy only allows using them for backwards compatability.

I'm making this answer a community wiki, so please add applications to the list and keep it up-to-date!

Graphical applications:

GNOME System Monitor follows Ubuntu's unit policy, using IEC units.
Nautilus follows Ubuntu's unit policy, using SI units. The properties dialog helpfully converts into bytes as well.
GNOME Disks follows Ubuntu's unit policy, using SI units, helpfully converting into bytes as well.
Disk Usage Analyser (baobab) follows Ubuntu`s unit policy, using SI units.
GParted follows Ubuntu's unit policy, using IEC units.
system-config-lvm uses the traditional system. (bug report)
Firefox uses the traditional system. (bug report)

Command-line applications:

ls uses the traditional system, but has an --si option.
du uses the traditional system, but has an --si option.
df uses the traditional system, but has an --si or -H option.
fdisk uses the traditional system
fparted uses the traditional system
lvextend and other commands belonging to the LVM allow you to choose between binary and decimal units, depending on whether you use lower-case or upper-case letters. See the man page for lvs, for example. The man pages aren't as clear as they could be. (bug report)


Can I use a Bash alias in a keyboard shortcut?

Yes, you can. You just need to ask the command for an interactive shell.

Let's say your alias is:

alias myalias='some cool command here'

Your shortcut command must be:

bash -i -c "myalias"


Will Ubuntu 16.04 have support for Win 10 dual boot

Try to disable FastBoot in Windows 10. It locks system partition making Ubuntu unable to recognise it.


One of my 3 USB ports can automount my portable HDD, not the other 2

I dont have a solution to your problem, but I guess you have one usb2 port and 2 usb3 ports. So your HDD is only working with the usb2 port. I have the same problem, and are looking for a solution.

Here is one solution: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1642641, to upgrade the kernel, but that did not work for me.

Edit: The solution to my problem was to enable usb3 in bios