GUI issues after upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (possibly related to "Gnome global application menu" extension)

The "Gnome global application menu" extension has been discontinued and the original developer even pulled it out of GitHub. It's highly recommended not use it (even by the original developer). The extension has always been buggy and not ready for daily use. After uninstalling or disabling the extension you need to reset a couple of gsettings keys tweaked by the extension to restore normalcy. To do that run the following two commands:

gsettings reset org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides
gsettings reset org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings enabled-gtk-modules

These should fix your issues (however you will lose the global application menu from the top bar as expected).


Screen tearing with Ubuntu 16.04 and GT710M (NVIDIA Driver 367.27)

I have Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and Lenovo ThinkPad E540 with Nvidia Optimus - GT740M

I managed to get it working through this article:

http://www.webupd8.org/2016/08/how-to-install-and-configure-bumblebee.html

I had to pay attention to every step, especially the IBus one, that i at first didn't notice, but doing the IBus step and rebooting solved the issue.

Now i can run programs through nVidia GPU with the help of optirun command (only).

Archived contents of the link in case of the page updating/going down.


Accelerated graphics with an nVidia card

The solution lies in the bumblebee configure file. For anyone else with this problem, here's my process:

Make sure that nvidia-current-updates and nvidia-settings-updates are uninstalled and nvidia-current and nvidia-settings are installed (sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current-updates nvidia-settings-updates sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings.
Run sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable, sudo apt-get update, and sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia.
Change line 22 in /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf to say "Driver=nvidia" and line 47 to say "KernelDriver=nvidia".
Run sudo bumblebeed restart.
Run optirun glxgears and admire the pretty graphics.

Line 22 in /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf is originally "Driver=nvidia-current" which is not the name of the nvidia module.


Install Qualcomm Atheros QCA61x4 drivers without Internet access

If you have an Android phone with wifi-data, you can enable data-share (tethering) and connect it to your Computer.(use this guide, for usb tethering) https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/2812516?hl=en


I consider the best way to mount NAS to a laptop which is on the go, in Ubuntu, to mount it via gvfs. The only downside is that KDE based programs, if you use any, might fire warnings if you copy files to the NAS with them. I hope this helps somone.

Another useful way to do this is use wicd - it allows scripts to be executed at specific wifi post-connect or pre-disconnect(the disconnect should be triggered bu the system - shutdown, suspend, disconnect, hibernate). Thus, a useful script could be written which mounts or umounts the NAS when connecting or disconnecting from the home wifi. Wicd is so buggy under unity2D, so it is almost unusable


Directory vanished when I pressed Ctrl+H or some other shortcut - how can I get it back?

I still have no idea what happend. But if you find yourself in same situation, maybe try grep -R if you have any idea of contents.

Found mine in different folder with name Untitled Folder.

Atleast its not gone..

That was scary


$ curl.exe -iI http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/trusty/main/binary-i386/Packages
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Thu, 20 May 2021 07:34:20 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Ubuntu)
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

for more information about apt source format, see also:
https://wiki.debian.org/SourcesList#sources.list_format
https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02#_debian_archive_basics


Install Ubuntu alongside Win 8.1 on separate physical drives and dual-boot?

Yes you can install ubuntu on a different drive. but you need to know something before you proceed. new EFI systems these days (or UEFI) has Fastboot/General-optimization option. that makes the PC boot faster. but if you turn this ON and install ubuntu on a different drive, you will get the grub prompt saying "no such device" error. Reason is that Fastboot/General-optimization only recognize one HDD at boot time. I'll explain the error you will get, assume that your windows disc is sda and ubuntu disk is sdb.

sda1 recovery (windows)
sda2 EFI
sda3 Windows
sdb1 ubuntu
sdb2 home
sdb3 swap

in this situation... EFI firmware can read the grub EFI entry in the sda2 partiton but it leads to sdb1 disk and fastboot is ON, you will surely get "no such device" error. So you have to turn off fast boot option in EFI firmware.


I have a arch linux usb installation media.
Your usb is read only when you made arch linux usb installation media using dd command. Open up disk-utility and format usb. Then you will be able to write or delete files. Remember you will lose every single data of usb drive when you format disk. Good luck.


Two-step Ubuntu installitaion: first - together with win 10 and later - Ubunty only?

This reminds me of my first Linux installation. Glad to answer.
I'll divide my answer into parts so that should be an easier reference:

1. Ubuntu in 2 steps

Yes you can install a dual boot Windows+Ubuntu quite easily following the installation indications that you mentioned.

When you installed Ubuntu alongside Windows, you'll find 1 or more new partition on your hard drive, on which Ubuntu was installed.
Windows uses 2 partitions at least (one for the boot loader and one for C:), so that would mean you now have 3 or more.

2. Backup

The easiest way to backup files from Windows would be to simply copy them to the Ubuntu partition following these steps:

Boot into Ubuntu
Open the file browser (Nautilus, the equivalent of Explorer) and search your Windows partition in the device list on the left. Click the device.
Find the files on the partition, and copy them.

3. Remove the Windows partition

This is easily done with GParted.

If you don't have GParted install it with
sudo apt-get install gparted

Open it:
gparted &

In GParted find the Windows partition, select it, delete it and click Apply.

Warning! After you do this, the data on your Windows partition is lost forever!

Mark the space empty, "Create new partition" somewhere and choose a name ("Data", for example).
You can format the drive as ext4 (if you plan to use Ubuntu only)
If you may want to move back to Windows choose NTFS.

Open "Storage Disk Manager" (for example by searching for it in the Unity search box). Click the partition you created and configure it to mount at boot.

Instead of creating a new partition and mounting it, you could also start from a Live CD/USB and expand the Ubuntu partition.

Feel free to ask more info if you need.


First you should always back up any important directories/files then install some encryption software by running sudo apt-get install ecryptfs-utils cryptsetup. You will have to encrypt your home directory while you’re not logged in. This means that you’ll need another user account with administrator (sudo) privileges – you can create one from Ubuntu’s User Accounts window. Login as the new user and run

sudo ecryptfs-migrate-home -u user

Do not reboot until you have logged back in as your normal user.

After you log in, click the Run this action now button to create a recovery passphrase. Keep this passphrase somewhere safe – you’ll need it if you have to manually recover your files in the future.

When you set up an encrypted home directory while installing Ubuntu, your swap partition is also encrypted. After setting up home directory encryption, you’ll also want to set up swap encryption. To do so, run the following command in a terminal:

sudo ecryptfs-setup-swap

Note that an encrypted swap won’t work properly with Ubuntu’s hibernate feature – which is disabled by default, anyway.

Edited ..

The biggest problem with Ubiquity's automation is the absence of all control which ultimately means you can not dual boot with it, not even with other Linux distros. You can either reformat the entire drive and install only the encrypted Linux, or you can install alongside Windows or whatever else—unencrypted.

Other negatives are relatively trivial, some not. Your drive's partition table must be MBR format and while the installer does this for you, GPT is out of the question. You're also stuck with logical volumes (hence, needing MBR) which does increase convenience, but at the expense of complexity and overhead. A consequence of logical volumes and MBR is that if your computer has UEFI, the distro will be installed in legacy BIOS mode so you can't use Secure Boot. This setting also gives you a swap size equal to that of your system RAM (often unnecessary) and you have no choice over what kind of encryption is used.

The options for encryption are endless this is a quick way to encrypt the important personal files I dont think a full guide (which it would need) is necessary jere, if the OP wants a guide .. just ask and I will be happy to edit my answer to provide a full detailed guide


How do i install drivers for Radeon HD 7550M/7570M/7650M ubuntu 14.04

Install the driver by running in terminal

sudo apt-get install fglrx-updates

Or you can do the same in GUI.

System Settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers.


Nvidia Driver won't load/stay loaded after update to 14.04.5

I was able to get this fixed with commands from this bug report

sudo update-alternatives --auto x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf
sudo ldconfig
sudo update-initramfs -c -k all
sudo chmod -x /usr/bin/gpu-manager

Now nvidia is being loaded, both monitors work, and I can log in.


Ubuntu 11.10 not booting after full install

I had a similar problem. It would boot one out of three times and when it did boot it would crash on opening random apps. For some reason when I reinstalled and did not select to do updates or add proprietary drivers during the install, everything went fine and has very since. Hope it helps.


Try rebooting, with the TV plugged in. Some TVs are pretty silly with such things, as are some cheaper laptop parts.

Failing that, give these steps a try from this posting

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:sarvatt/cedarview
  sudo apt-get install add-apt-key
  sudo add-apt-key 0x4c96de60854c4636
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install cedarview-drm libva-cedarview-vaapi-driver cedarview-graphics-drivers
  sudo update-grub2
  sudo reboot

The site also mentions changing your grub config and making sure your not running a PAE kernel. It also suggests disabling AIGLX. I left those steps out because I don't know what they would do. Take a look at the site, see if you think you need to do those steps.


(Lubuntu) Play/pause key and volume keys not working

Possible solutions:

Try another music player (for example, audacious, banshee,etc)
(sudo apt-get install audaciuos or sudo apt-get install banshee)
Try another desktop environment (gnome, xfce)
(sudo apt-get install gnome or sudo apt-get install xfce)
Xfce would be a better option if your machine is rather weak (less than 4 gb RAM)

In XFCE  go to Settings Manager > Keyboard Preferences > Shortcuts.

Also your keyboard button may not not be supported yet. Then you will have to wait for updates.


Please do not use do-release-upgrade to upgrade Ubuntu. It tends to break the system. Please use the Update Manager:

Press the super key (Windows key) to open the Dash, type Update Manager.

Hit the Check button then Install Updates, repeat the process until no updates is pending.

Press now the Upgrade button.

You will be alerted with the releases notes, Hit upgrade again.

Follow the in-screens instructions.

I believe you have problems of dependencies and whatnot, is such cases run sudo apt-get -f install to fix such issues.


Remap ctrl AND use ctrl-tab to switch apps: double tab needed

I had to reinstall Ubuntu (to get full-disk encryption) and once I had reinstalled, the problem disappeared. A little mysterious, but perhaps switching back and forth during trialling caused some unintendent change.


Gnome Shell Thunderbird Mail Notification

Just switched from unity to Gnome Shell, and I came across this very problem.

there is this script made by @tanwald that you can get on github. all that is left to do is to install th "install.sh"

(if you're not sure how to do it, follow these instrunctions here)


You have a couple of options.

Live CD

You could use the Live CD to do this, but each time you change something on the Ubuntu (like settings) it will be lost, which may get frustrating.

It's up to you if you would be happy with this.
Install on USB

It is possible to install onto a USB and use that - as it will have persistent changes.

It uses virtualbox, which you can install on Windows with downloads on this page.

Instead of creating a new hard drive, give it an existing hard drive - the USB stick. You will format this, etc, and can then set it to boot from your computer's BIOS.

This answer has more details about how to do this.
Virtualbox

This solution also uses virtualbox, but in a slightly different way.

Virtualbox is designed to run an OS inside a computer - and it can run on Window, Mac and Linux. As I said above, you'll want the windows host binaries (an exe file).

Then install Ubuntu on the Virtualbox. The answer here should help, but the basics are here:

Install Virtualbox on your laptop and then download the Ubuntu ISO file.
Click new and then give it a name and chose Linux then Ubuntu 32 / 64 bit depending on the ISO you went for.
Give memory and create a new Hard Disk (dynamically allocated VDI probably). It needs to be at least 8GB + what you need to be able to use it.
Finish and then click settings then storage then the + next to Controller: IDE and navigate to the ISO. Click system and then click the tick next to cd, and move it up to the top with the arrows.
Click okay and then Start, and Ubuntu will boot.


Can't log in to Ubuntu 19.10, freezes upon Ctrl+Alt+F3

Same here. I've ended up removing the Nvidia driver:

sudo apt remove nvidia-*

It's not a full fix but at least I can log in again and get to a desktop.


bug reported 1912616 for agenda.app with GDPR tag


Try navigating to your sound settings by selecting the volume option on your Menu Bar on the top of your screen, then when the window opens, select your audio device. Its a basic fix that may not work, but its worth a shot.


No grub with windows 8/ubuntu & boots to windows (boot repair & os boot manager do not work)

You need boot with USB-Live and open terminal.

Then tipe:

$ sudo -i

find out your linux disk :

fdisk -l

Mount it:

mount /dev/sdaX /mnt (where X is the partition where you need mount boot)

Recover:

grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda

And then reboot.Good luck!


Open the main menu, then Preferences->Network Connections.

Select the Network that you want to share, in this case the wifi network that you created. Then click the Edit... button.

Choose Shared to other computers on the IPv4 tab

and Ignore on the IPv6 tab.

Click Save... button on the Editing  dialog, and then the Close button on the Network Connections dialog.


Ubuntu 14.04 screen goes black when using youtube with Chrome

I had the same problem using Chrome in Ubuntu 14.04 and then again in Fedora 20. What finally worked for me was unchecking the "use hardware acceleration when available" at the bottom of Chrome settings>show advanced settings.


How to enable alt-tab to browse windows?

Install Compiz Config Settings Manager:

To open terminal hit Alt+Ctrl+T and run following commands:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Or search for compizconfig-settings-manager in Software Center and install from there.

Then go to system tools > preferences > compizconfig

Go at the very bottom where it says windows management (or something similar.)

Put a checkmark in application switcher

That should fix it.


Editing the grub file from

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i8042.reset i8042.nomux i8042.nopnp i8042.noloop"

and then updating grub solved the problem.


faxing from ubuntu 16.04 without a fax modem

Your best bet is to use a internet fax service.  I don't wish to endorse any particular one but they are readily googleable.


Is it possible to import/export radio station as a list into/from Banshee

I think this is not a quite useful answer for you, I'll rather show you or some nice person with time and ambition a way to go.

Because I didn't find an existing possibilty to get what you want (and I think there really is none), I believe the easiest way would be to write a tiny tiny extension. And this really doesn't seem very hard because the code exists already in other extensions.
For example Radio Station Fetcher: it just searches for radio stations on some websites and adds them to your radio "playlist". Therefore it uses a single dialog with two buttons (one for genre search and one for free text search) and that's all (you can try it yourself by installing banshee-extension-radiostationfetcher; you can find it then in the "Tools" menu).
I looked at the code and all one have to do is replace the code for searching stations on those website with code that reads your list of stations. All the other code can almost stay the same. I would do it, but I don't have time.
You can find the code of all extensions here. Live Radio has the same functionality of adding a list of stations to your radio "playlist" but I think it has a bigger codebase to look through.

I hope that will help you or some kind person who will do the work for you :P


Xubuntu 12.04 Sony VGN-FJ170 Brightness/Volume/S1/S2 keys are not functional

You may take a look at the keyboard settings in System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts.

There you can define which action to execute when a key or a key combination is pressed.


How to interpret results of `last reboot` command?

See man last:

  last  searches  back  through  the  /var/log/wtmp file (or the file designated by the -f option) and displays a list of all users logged in (and out)
         since that file was created.  One or more usernames and/or ttys can be given, in which case last will show only the entries matching those arguments.
         Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus last 0 is the same as last tty0.

For your command last reboot:

  The pseudo user reboot logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus last reboot will show a log of all the reboots since the log file was created.

Shows you number of reboots the system went through, and reboot and shutdown are pseudo-users for system reboot and shutdown, respectively.


Since 19.10 update, mouse movement wakes computer from sleep

Power off USB devices when suspending

My suspend/resume broke about a year ago. The solution for me was powering off the USB devices before going to sleep and powering them on with resume.

In the directory /lib/systemd/system-sleep create this script:

#!/bin/bash

# Original script was using /bin/sh but shellcheck reporting warnings.

# NAME: custom-xhci_hcd
# PATH: /lib/systemd/system-sleep
# CALL: Called from SystemD automatically
# DESC: Suspend broken for USB3.0 as of Oct 25/2018 various kernels all at once

# DATE: Oct 28 2018.

# NOTE: From comment #61 at: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/522998

TMPLIST=/tmp/xhci-dev-list

# Original script was: case "${1}" in hibernate|suspend)

case $1/$2 in
  pre/*)
    echo "$0: Going to $2..."
    echo -n '' > $TMPLIST
          for i in `ls /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/ | egrep '[0-9a-z]+\:[0-9a-z]+\:.*$'`; do
              # Unbind xhci_hcd for first device XXXX:XX:XX.X:
               echo -n "$i" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/unbind
           echo "$i" >> $TMPLIST
          done
        ;;
  post/*)
    echo "$0: Waking up from $2..."
    for i in `cat $TMPLIST`; do
              # Bind xhci_hcd for first device XXXX:XX:XX.X:
              echo -n "$i" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/bind
    done
    rm $TMPLIST
        ;;
esac

Mark the script executable with chmod a+x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/custom-xhci_hcd

Reboot.

Confirm script is working with journalctl -b-0 | grep custom-xhci_hcd:

Nov 12 14:06:27 alien systemd-sleep[20174]: /lib/systemd/system-sleep/custom-xhci_hcd: Going to suspend...
Nov 12 17:22:19 alien systemd-sleep[20174]: /lib/systemd/system-sleep/custom-xhci_hcd: Waking up from suspend...
  (... SNIP ...)
Nov 22 22:28:06 alien systemd-sleep[24432]: /lib/systemd/system-sleep/custom-xhci_hcd: Going to suspend...
Nov 23 08:16:15 alien systemd-sleep[24432]: /lib/systemd/system-sleep/custom-xhci_hcd: Waking up from suspend...


Change dynamic wallpaper directory every season

The basic question is how to do something at the start of Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter. For this I would create a bash script that runs on boot, rather than clogging up cron with entries.

I've approached this answer using the OP's question "How do I develop a script?". So I've deviated from usual method of simply posting a bash script and enhanced the answer with:

References are included within the code. They link to Stack Exchange answers for solving specific problems. For example: How to copy files, How to get day of year, etc.
A section on "Testing" is provided as it is something we all need to do
A section on "Enhancements" is provided because software is usually developed in versions where each is incrementally better than the previous version.

When do seasons start?

From the Farmer's Almanac:

Seasons of 2018

 Season     Astronomical Start                     Meteorological Start
 ======     =====================================  =====================
 SPRING     Tuesday, March 20, 12:15 P.M. EDT      Thursday, March 1
 SUMMER     Thursday, June 21, 6:07 A.M. EDT       Friday, June 1
 FALL       Saturday, September 22, 9:54 P.M. EDT  Saturday, September 1
 WINTER     Friday, December 21, 5:23 P.M. EST     Saturday, December 1

Convert season start date to Day of Year

For our bash script to work we need to know what day of the year each seasons start.

$ echo $(date --date="March 20" '+%j')
079
$ echo $(date --date="June 21" '+%j')
172
$ echo $(date --date="Sep 22" '+%j')
265
$ echo $(date --date="Dec 21" '+%j')
355
# Reference: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/352176/take-input-arguments-and-pass-them-to-date

Create bash script: season.sh

Open the terminal using: Ctrl+Alt+T

Create the directory if it doesn't exist: mkdir -p ~/bin

Edit the script using: gedit ~/bin/season.sh

Note: Lubuntu user's need to use leafpad instead of gedit

Copy and paste the following lines into gedit:

#!/bin/bash
# NAME: season.sh
# PATH: ~/bin
# DATE: December 15, 2018

# NOTE: Written for: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1100934/change-dynamic-wallpaper-directory-every-season/1102084#1102084

# User defined variables, change to suit your needs
# Our directory names, lines indented for cosmetic reasons only
SlideShowDir="~/Season Slide Show"
   SpringDir="~/Pictures/Spring Slide Show"
   SummerDir="~/Pictures/Summer Slide Show"
     FallDir="~/Pictures/Fall Slide Show"
   WinterDir="~/Pictures/Winter Slide Show"

CheckTripWire () {
    # Our last season is in "~/Season Slide Show/CurrentSeason"
    LastSeasonFilename="$SlideShowDir"/CurrentSeason
    LastSeason=$(cat "$LastSeasonFilename")

    [[ "$LastSeason" == "$Season" ]] && return 0 # Season still the same

    # We now know our season has changed.

    rm -f "$SlideShowDir"/{*,.*}           # Erase all files in target
    # Reference: https://askubuntu.com/questions/60228/how-to-remove-all-files-from-a-directory

    echo "$Season" > "$LastSeasonFilename" # Record new season in target

    # Copy new slide show based on season
    if (( "$Season" == SPRING)) ; then
        cp -R "$SpringDir"/. "$SlideShowDir"/
        # Reference: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3643848/copy-files-from-one-directory-into-an-existing-directory
    elif (( "$Season" == SUMMER)) ; then
        cp -R "$SummerDir"/. "$SlideShowDir"/
    elif (( "$Season" == FALL)) ; then
        cp -R "$FallDir"/. "$SlideShowDir"/
    else
        cp -R "$WinterDir"/. "$SlideShowDir"/
    fi

} # End of CheckTripWire () function.

# Start of Mainline

DOY=$(date '+%j')                     # DOY = Current Day of Year
# Reference: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10112453/how-to-get-day-of-the-year-in-shell

if ((DOY>=079 && DOY<172)) ; then
    Season="SPRING"                   # Spring has sprung!
    # Reference: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12614011/using-case-for-a-range-of-numbers-in-bash
elif ((DOY>=172 && DOY<265)) ; then
    Season="SUMMER"                   # Hit the beach!
elif ((DOY>=265 && DOY<355)) ; then
    Season="FALL"                     # Rake those leaves!
else
    Season="WINTER"                   # Shovel the snow!
fi

# Current season establish, now see if we tripped the wire
CheckTripWire

exit 0 # Command not necessary but good habit to signify no Abend.

Save the file in gedit. Now mark it as executable using:

chmod a+x ~/bin/season.sh

Next we need to add it to startup applications. Reference: How do I start applications automatically on login?

Note: You probably already have your slide show setup in startup applications. You will want to use season.sh BEFORE your regular slide show as it deletes and copies files which would crash the slide show program if it started first.

Testing

You will want to test season.sh script when you create it and not wait a year to see if it works properly or not. Reference: https://serverfault.com/questions/138325/faking-the-date-for-a-specific-shell-session

Enhancements

After initially developing a script it is common to enhance it Days, Weeks, Months or even Years later. This section discusses some enhancements you might want to make to session.sh down the road.

Compress files to save disk space

Consider keeping the off-season images compressed in TAR (Tape Archive) format to save on disk space. Then replace the cp (Copy) command with the tar command to un-compress the files. Reference: https://www.rootusers.com/23-tar-command-examples-for-linux/:

For example, we would change:

cp -R "$SpringDir"/. "$SlideShowDir"/

To:

tar -xf "$SpringDir"archive.tar -C "$SlideShowDir"/

... and so on for the other seasons.

Setup variables for season start

Using variables for season start days makes it easier to modify the script and makes the code easier to read (aka code readability).

Consider setting up Variables for start of season:

SpringStart=079
SummerStart=179
FallStart=265
WinterStart=355

Define the variables at the top of the script to make them easier to spot and change. You might want to do this for leap years. You might want to change to "Meteorological" season starts instead of "Astronomical" start dates.

Then change these lines:

if ((DOY>=079 && DOY<172)) ; then
elif ((DOY>=172 && DOY<265)) ; then
elif ((DOY>=265 && DOY<355)) ; then

To this:

if ((DOY>="$SpringStart" && DOY<"$SummerStart")) ; then
elif ((DOY>="$SummerStart" && DOY<"$FallStart")) ; then
elif ((DOY>="$FallStart" && DOY<"$WinterStart")) ; then

NOTE: I was hoping to finish this answer in an hour but it's been two hours and I have to do some Saturday Shopping. To Be Continued...


How to add recipes to cooking recipe programs (Gourmet Recipe Manager)

I have luck with some of the files available here:

http://mc6help.tripod.com/RecipeLibrary/RecipeLibrary.htm

Just download the txt files and import with Gourmet, there are many recipes in one txt file.

and here: http://www.grassrootsrecipes.com/

All the Above are Mastercook ascii files, there may be some encoding issues

Some Meal-Master files that Gourmet recipe Manage Can Import are here:

http://home.earthlink.net/~darkstar105/


How to make grub menu appear instead of booting directly to windows 10

The hotkeys are F5 and F6 in HP BIOS to change Boot order. However, to save the new boot order you need F10, which wasn't mentioned in the onscreen help guide. Problem fixed!


Permission denied when creating temporary files

Permission denied shows that the command can't be run by a normal user, but only as a root.
Run:
sudo ldconfig


You can set up a bridge to be automatically created on system startup by replacing the eth0 config in /etc/network/interfaces with this:

auto br0
iface br0 inet dhcp
    bridge_ports eth0
    bridge_fd 0
    bridge_stp off
    bridge_maxwait 5

Then you can set up your virtual machine to use the br0 bridge.


Open the file browser, then mouse over the bar at the very top of the screen so that the menu bar becomes visible. Click on Go and then click on Computer. (i.e Menubar ⟶ Go ⟶ Computer)

To make it easier to access Computer in the future, add a bookmark. Press CRTL+ D and you will now see Computer listed in the bookmarks on the left of the file browser window:

Once bookmarked, you can directly access Computer by right clicking the file browser icon in the dash:

You can bookmark almost any location in this way for easy access.


Solved it by simply installing https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1317/alt-tab-switcher-popup-delay-removal/

P.s. it remains to solve Ubuntu 18.04 super key switcher (gnome-shell app menu) and i can switch from unity to gnome ^)


How to install Eclipse CDT Oxygen on Ubuntu 16.04

You don't have to install anything, as you mentioned just move the extracted folder eclipse to /opt, then you could make a symbolic link to the executable with sudo ln -sv /opt/eclipse/eclipse /usr/local/bin/eclipse. When you have done these steps you can run Eclipse with the simple command eclipse.
It's not managed by apt because you didn't install it via apt (sudo apt install eclipse), that Eclipse that you find in the apt repository it's an old version of the Java IDE.


Using grep, awk, etc. to filter command output

To print a particular line you can use sed:
route -n | sed -n 2p

to print second line.
sed, what is
I will give a short and incomplete explanation of what is sed. For a complete description I suggest to see sed info pages (run info sed).
sed mean stream editor, i.e. an editor that can act on a stream (or pipe) of text data, though it can act also on files; substantially this mean that (differently from ed) it can never turn back to a previous line.
sed, as awk reads one line at a time and apply a script to that line to possibly modify it. At the end of the script, by default the modified line is output to stdout. Then sed go on the the next line.
A script is a sequence of pair address-command, if the line match the address then the command is executed.
The typical use of sed is to perform a substitution of a pattern with something, e.g.
command | sed 's/ *$//'

here the string between single quotes is the script, consisting of a single address-command pair. The address is missing (it would appear before the s), in such a case the command is applied by default to all input lines. s is the command and the rest of the string are command specific instructions, saying "substitute 0 or more occurrence (*) of a space ( ) character at end on line ($) with nothing (i.e. remove them)".
Other useful command are p and d. The p command print the current line, this is useful in combination with the -n option, that modify the default behavior to print the current line at end of script. So in
sed -n '2p'

the script is the string 2p consisting on the address 2 and the command p, so the line 2 will be printed, all other line instead will not be printed, due to the -n option.
The d command delete a line, for example
    sed '3,6d'

would delete all lines from the third to the sixth. 3,6 is an address range. I observe that in this case one should not use the -n option, because we want to print all other lines.
Last thing, an address could be a pattern, like in
sed -n '/^#/p'

this command would print all lines beginning (^) with a # character.


Perhaps your wifi is software blocked. You can check that by typing this in terminal:
sudo rfkill list all

If it says soft blocked: yes, you can unblock it with the command:
sudo rfkill unblock <device name>


Upgrade gone wrong. wiped existing OS now what?

If your data is still there, it sounds like GRUB just needs to be reinstalled. I would suggest grabbing a Ubuntu Live CD or a Ubuntu Rescue CD and boot the computer off of that. Then, select the option to boot from the CD in "rescue mode". Go through the prompts, selecting your keyboard layout, etc...

It'll ask you for a hostname. Don't be alarmed - this is only temporary.

Eventually, you should get to a prompt, where one of the options is to "reinstall GRUB". Select that one, reboot, and see if it helps.

The upgrade I performed last night totally screwed my laptop up, and I just went through this entire method earlier today.

In my case, I was on a Dual Boot (two operating systems). Regardless of how many OS's you have (even if its just Ubuntu), you'll need a working Grub configuration.


The choices:

You have a version 304.117 named as NVidia binary X.Org driver ('current' driver) in the Ubuntu Software Center. I'd say - use it if you can get it to run, it is likely to stay where you put it.
https://launchpad.net/~xorg-edgers/+archive/ubuntu/ppa - this may well work, but also break at times. e.g. it broke on 2014-07-10 for me as there was some kind of change in the development build - This is what is currently worked on for Ubuntu.
What you download at nvidia.com - likely to be the very latest there is for nvidia GPU's. But also likely to break at updates, if the updates involve changing things that the driver depends on. Just make sure you check that the driver is for your hardware.
The 'Noveau' driver - cannot comment thoroughly / seems to get in the way for the above.


The easiest way to get an Ubuntu image for VMWare is to install one yourself.  It will be quicker than the download of the image as well.

Goto Ubuntu.com and choose to download the 64-bit ISO, then start VMWare and tell it to create a new virtual machine.  In the settings for the machine, point to the Ubuntu ISO as the ISO that you wish to use to load into the new virtual machine.

I find the default settings of VMWare work well for Ubuntu VMs, although I prefer to give the system 2 GB of memory rather than one.


although I cannot find anything about the traceback code I can selectively restore from the archives via:

duplicity -t 3D --no-encryption --force --file-to-restore home/cmyers/VirtualMachines file:///Old-Ubuntu /home/c_myers/VirtualMachines/

At least I can get the files back that I want from the backup.

Cheers, Col.


If other things are working, you can get back unity by installing the ubuntu-desktop package.

You can boot to gnome fallback, open a terminal and run the following command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

After the installation, you will get the option to boot into Unity (I think it displays as "Ubuntu")


PHP fresh installation with fpm & mysqli

For most common things, you won't need to compile. But, depeding on the version of ubuntu that you have and/or the version of php that you want, you may have to install ondrej/php ppa.


I can't connect to internet through wired connection

First things first, does the wired ethernet connection you are trying to use work with another computer?

If not, try switching the cable or port that it is connected to - e.g moving from a switch to the ports on the back of your router.

If you are sure that the wired connection does work, then there are a few things you could try:

Firstly, open a new terminal and enter the command below, making sure that your ethernet cable is attached and wifi turned off

ifconfig

The output of this should show you all of the connected/active network adapters. one nearest the top should be named either 'eth0' or 'enp2s0' so similar. This should display an 'inet addr:192.168.0.#'. If you do not see this please edit your question with a copy of the output from the 'ifconfig' command.
Secondly, enter the command below, into a new terminal:

sudo ifconfig eth0 up

With 'eth0' being edited depending on the output of 'ifconfig'

This should start the ethernet (wired connection) adapter and provide you with network connection.


They handle pretty much everything (that isn't displaying graphics on hardware) for X. Logins, greeters, pass X the configuration for external connections, session choice.

You don't need a heavy DM but I would argue that GDM isn't that heavy. LightDM certainly isn't. But if you're really trying to hypermile things, take a look at NoDM. It's very raw and it's only intended for single-user systems. It won't provide you with any security and it might undermine what is already there.

I use NoDM on our media-centre, which just starts up X and then launches Boxee.


Why is swap being used even though I have plenty of free RAM?

You could try changing your "swappiness" value:
From the Ubuntu's Swap FAQ:

What is swappiness and how do I change it?
The swappiness parameter controls the tendency of the kernel to move processes out of physical memory and onto the swap disk. Because disks are much slower than RAM, this can lead to slower response times for system and applications if processes are too aggressively moved out of memory.

swappiness can have a value of between 0 and 100

swappiness=0 tells the kernel to avoid swapping processes out of physical memory for as long as possible. For Kernel version 3.5 and newer it disables swappiness.

swappiness=100 tells the kernel to aggressively swap processes out of physical memory and move them to swap cache

The default setting in Ubuntu is swappiness=60. Reducing the default value of swappiness will probably improve overall performance for a typical Ubuntu desktop installation. A value of swappiness=10 is recommended, but feel free to experiment. Note: Ubuntu server installations have different performance requirements to desktop systems, and the default value of 60 is likely more suitable.
To check the swappiness value
cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

To change the swappiness value A temporary change (lost on reboot) with a swappiness value of 10 can be made with
sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10

To make a change permanent, edit the configuration file with your favorite editor:
gksudo gedit /etc/sysctl.conf

Search for vm.swappiness and change its value as desired. If vm.swappiness does not exist, add it to the end of the file like so:
vm.swappiness=10

Save the file and reboot.

Run sudo sysctl --load=/etc/sysctl.conf after editing the file to apply the changes
Also you can check out: https://askubuntu.com/a/103916/54187


Let's try the simple things first. Have you tried reconfiguring audio in Kubuntu? That might just resolve the issue right there. If you changed your hardware, you might just have to simply reset the configuration in Kubuntu (don't use Kubuntu, but it may be that simple).

Know that when you switch a piece of hardware, it can alter the system and if the system starts up with the older settings, then this may account for the "fizzing" sound.

Try resetting the hardware configuration for sound and see how that works. Might resolve this quickly and easily. Sound Blasters are not unknown, unless it is some  Windows-only model.

Hope that helps.


You can install xdotool and create a script to put at "Startup Applications" like this:

#!/bin/bash
#
# version 0.06 by desgua
#
# To click at global menu
#
############################################################
h=
d=

function hittop {

eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)

if [ "$Y" -lt "24" ] ; then
h=1
d=0
fi
}

while :
do

if [ "$h" = "1" ] ; then
xdotool click 1
sleep .1
h=0
fi

eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)
if [ "$Y" -gt "24" ] ; then
d=1
fi

if [ "$d" = "1" ] ; then
hittop
fi

########################
# Uncomment the following line if your cpu gets hot...
# sleep .2
########################
done

exit 0

Step by step instructions:

1) Press Alt + F2 and paste gedit ~/.click.global.menu then hit Enter - this will open a blank file.

2) Paste the previous script at the blank file and save.

3) Press Alt + F2 and paste gnome-terminal - this will open a terminal.

4) At terminal paste chmod +x ~/.click.global.menu

5) Press Alt + F2 and paste gnome-session-properties - this will open the Startup Applications.

6) At Startup Applications hit "Add".

7) At dialog paste Global Menu at "Name:" and ~/.click.global.menu at "Command:" as showed in this picture:

8) Install xdotool (just click at the link and hit "Install")

9) Logout and Log back in.

10) Have fun ;-)

Automated way

1) Just open a terminal and paste this:

sudo apt-get install xdotool && cd ~/ && wget -c http://dl.dropbox.com/u/4098082/click.global.menu && chmod +x ~/click.global.menu && ~/click.global.menu


Inspiron 7590 - no signal to external display on linux (works on Windows 10)

I have found a temporary (I hope) workaround for my issue, but it may be not ideal for everyone. As I mentioned before the external display works in CLONE mode, so I use xrand to set the external displays to its defaults:
xrandr --output <display-name> --rate <rate> --mode <resolution> (this turns the display on in CLONE mode) and then just turn the laptop screen off xrandr --output <display-name> --off.


Ubuntu boots from USB, error message when trying DVD

This looks like an attempt to pxe boot (boot via network).
The last line indicates your system moving on the next boot option on the list as configured at the BIOS menu.

Usually, when nothing is written or "no media found" message shows up - it means that either other boot options are not enabled when booting, no devices currently connected, or the media itself is damaged / contains an unbootable image (usually because it was not burnt correctly).

I suggest checking your BIOS boot order, or trying to manually boot override from the menu directly to the media.
If the media is on the list but booting is not successful, it might need to be burnt again.


Changing colors for user, host, directory information in terminal command prompt

You can edit the settings editing the file: ~/.bashrc.

Open the file: gedit ~/.bashrc.
Look for the line with #force_color_prompt=yes and uncomment (delete the #).
Look for the line below   if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then that should looks like:

PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '

Pay attention at the part \u@\h it is saying "user@host" and the number before it \[\033[01;32m\] indicates the color. This is what you have to change. For example, lets change the user to purple, the "@" to black and host to green. Edit the line so it looks like:

PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;35m\]\u\[\033[01;30m\]@\[\033[01;32m\]\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '

Result:

The colors numbers are:

Black       0;30     Dark Gray     1;30
Blue        0;34     Light Blue    1;34
Green       0;32     Light Green   1;32
Cyan        0;36     Light Cyan    1;36
Red         0;31     Light Red     1;31
Purple      0;35     Light Purple  1;35
Brown       0;33     Yellow        1;33
Light Gray  0;37     White         1;37

References: 1, 2.


synaptic package manager language problem

Open System Settings . you will find Language support . There select English and click at Apply system wide and try again .


I would suggest installing the WKHtmlToPDF tool from http://wkhtmltopdf.org/ (moved from: http://code.google.com/p/wkhtmltopdf/).

You can then change to the root folder and use find and xargs to convert them:

cd /main-folder
find . -name \*.html | sed 's/.html$//g' | xargs -n 1 --replace=X wkhtmltopdf X.html X.pdf

This will then build a PDF with each HTML file.


Lxde/lubuntu desktop pager displaying extra spaces between workspaces

In Lubuntu 18.04 LTS (and Xubuntu as well), when a second monitor is connected, the workspace tile for each workspace expands to account for the second monitor. That is the "extra spaces between workspaces" that you observe.

Try enabling both monitors and maximize a window in each one to see the effect. The windows will appear side by side in the same workspace tile. If you disable one monitor, the workspace tile will revert back to its normal size.


Taken straight from info dd

(note: this was taken from a [Lubuntu] 20.04 box; so it may contain flags that don't exist in your version, so you're better use info dd on your own box to see exactly what is available for your system)

  oflag=FLAG[,FLAG]...’
       Access the output file using the flags specified by the FLAG
       argument(s).  (No spaces around any comma(s).)

 Here are the flags.  Not every flag is supported on every operating
 system.

 ‘append’
      Write in append mode, so that even if some other process is
      writing to this file, every ‘dd’ write will append to the
      current contents of the file.  This flag makes sense only for
      output.  If you combine this flag with the ‘of=FILE’ operand,
      you should also specify ‘conv=notrunc’ unless you want the
      output file to be truncated before being appended to.

 ‘cio’
      Use concurrent I/O mode for data.  This mode performs direct
      I/O and drops the POSIX requirement to serialize all I/O to
      the same file.  A file cannot be opened in CIO mode and with a
      standard open at the same time.

 ‘direct’
      Use direct I/O for data, avoiding the buffer cache.  Note that
      the kernel may impose restrictions on read or write buffer
      sizes.  For example, with an ext4 destination file system and
      a Linux-based kernel, using ‘oflag=direct’ will cause writes
      to fail with ‘EINVAL’ if the output buffer size is not a
      multiple of 512.

 ‘directory’

      Fail unless the file is a directory.  Most operating systems
      do not allow I/O to a directory, so this flag has limited
      utility.

 ‘dsync’
      Use synchronized I/O for data.  For the output file, this
      forces a physical write of output data on each write.  For the
      input file, this flag can matter when reading from a remote
      file that has been written to synchronously by some other
      process.  Metadata (e.g., last-access and last-modified time)
      is not necessarily synchronized.

 ‘sync’
      Use synchronized I/O for both data and metadata.

 ‘nocache’
      Request to discard the system data cache for a file.  When
      count=0 all cached data for the file is specified, otherwise
      the cache is dropped for the processed portion of the file.
      Also when count=0, failure to discard the cache is diagnosed
      and reflected in the exit status.

      Note data that is not already persisted to storage will not be
      discarded from cache, so note the use of the “sync” options in
      the examples below, which are used to maximize the
      effectiveness of the ‘nocache’ flag.

      Here are some usage examples:

           # Advise to drop cache for whole file
           dd if=ifile iflag=nocache count=0

           # Ensure drop cache for the whole file
           dd of=ofile oflag=nocache conv=notrunc,fdatasync count=0

           # Advise to drop cache for part of file
           # Note the kernel will only consider complete and
           # already persisted pages.
           dd if=ifile iflag=nocache skip=10 count=10 of=/dev/null

           # Stream data using just the read-ahead cache.
           # See also the ‘direct’ flag.
           dd if=ifile of=ofile iflag=nocache oflag=nocache,sync

 ‘nonblock’
      Use non-blocking I/O.

 ‘noatime’
      Do not update the file’s access timestamp.  *Note File
      timestamps::.  Some older file systems silently ignore this
      flag, so it is a good idea to test it on your files before
      relying on it.

 ‘noctty’
      Do not assign the file to be a controlling terminal for ‘dd’.
      This has no effect when the file is not a terminal.  On many
      hosts (e.g., GNU/Linux hosts), this option has no effect at
      all.

 ‘nofollow’
      Do not follow symbolic links.

 ‘nolinks’
      Fail if the file has multiple hard links.

 ‘binary’
      Use binary I/O.  This option has an effect only on nonstandard
      platforms that distinguish binary from text I/O.

 ‘text’
      Use text I/O.  Like ‘binary’, this option has no effect on
      standard platforms.

 ‘fullblock’
      Accumulate full blocks from input.  The ‘read’ system call may
      return early if a full block is not available.  When that
      happens, continue calling ‘read’ to fill the remainder of the
      block.  This flag can be used only with ‘iflag’.  This flag is
      useful with pipes for example as they may return short reads.
      In that case, this flag is needed to ensure that a ‘count=’
      argument is interpreted as a block count rather than a count
      of read operations.

 ‘count_bytes’
      Interpret the ‘count=’ operand as a byte count, rather than a
      block count, which allows specifying a length that is not a
      multiple of the I/O block size.  This flag can be used only
      with ‘iflag’.

 ‘skip_bytes’
      Interpret the ‘skip=’ operand as a byte count, rather than a
      block count, which allows specifying an offset that is not a
      multiple of the I/O block size.  This flag can be used only
      with ‘iflag’.

 ‘seek_bytes’
      Interpret the ‘seek=’ operand as a byte count, rather than a
      block count, which allows specifying an offset that is not a
      multiple of the I/O block size.  This flag can be used only
      with ‘oflag’.

 These flags are not supported on all systems, and ‘dd’ rejects
 attempts to use them when they are not supported.  When reading
 from standard input or writing to standard output, the ‘nofollow’
 and ‘noctty’ flags should not be specified, and the other flags
 (e.g., ‘nonblock’) can affect how other processes behave with the
 affected file descriptors, even after ‘dd’ exits.

man dd would provide the quick manual.reference.page information, for many complex commands you can use info to view other pages.


On Ubuntu 18.04 can I hide the title bar AND still see the close/minimize/maximize icons?

The supported way to achieve such effect would be to install the Gnome Shell extension Pixelsaver straight from the software center. You can install it with the following command:
sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-pixelsaver
You may need to enable the extension using the tool "Extensions" (only in Ubuntu 20.04 and higher) or using "Gnome Tweaks". You can install Gnome Tweaks from the software center, or install it with the command:
sudo apt install gnome-tweaks
An unsupported way to install gnome Shell extensions is by using the Gnome Extensions website. To enable this, you need some preparations. You will also find Pixel Saver there, but the extension Unite appears to be better maintained.
Caveat: these extensions may only work when your desktop is running on the Xorg graphics system. Ubuntu 18.04 by default will run on Xorg. However, by default, Ubuntu 17.10 used Wayland. You can switch between using Xorg or Wayland using the cog on the log in screen.


Will uninstalling the Byobu Window Manager break my GUI?

Byobu is a user-friendly wrapper around GNU Screen, which is a terminal multiplexer.

Unless you're a command line junkie or sysadmin you likely don't need it; you can remove it without it affecting your GUI.


What package to file general (usability) bug against?

While it is possible to report bugs without specifying a package (as you've discovered), bugs reported that way virtually never have any progress made on them until a package gets specified.

So it's best to report a bug against a specific package whenever possible. You shouldn't randomly guess, but it is OK to report a bug against the wrong package if you had reason to believe it was the most likely package.

If you had to report this bug with no further information, I'd recommend reporting it against gnome-settings-daemon (remember, Unity is a shell for GNOME, a Unity desktop is GNOME). Probably that is what's preventing the setting from being applied correctly some of the time. This is (most likely) the package that should be applying the setting at login, and is not doing so properly.

If you happened to have KDE installed too, and it happened there as well (even when no GNOME login had taken place since reboot), then xserver-xorg-input-mouse, which provides mouse input functionality to the GUI, might potentially make more sense.

But gnome-settings-daemon is your best bet, right now.

It's best to start a bug report with ubuntu-bug but if you already filed the bug on Launchpad, you don't have to report it again (unless asked to do so). Instead, specify gnome-settings-daemon as the package. Once the bug report is targeted against that, run

apport-collect BugNumber

where BugNumber is replaced with the bug number on Launchpad. This will automatically collect and attach (at least most of) the technical information that would have been attached had you started the bug reporting process by running ubuntu-bug.

If you wish, feel free to subscribe me to the bug. (I'm not a triager or developer though; I might not end up helping any.)


How can I get the mail tray menu to switch from Thunderbird back to Evolution?

Well, I uninstalled Thunderbird, I just lost the mail icon in the tray, then reinstalled Thunderbird. I got the mail icon back, but nothing was fixed.

Then I launched Evolution, and the tray envelope icon menu did what I wanted : switch back to Evolution. Seems to be fixed. I wanted this, though I wasn't launching Evolution a lot.


Is Backtrack 5 equal to Ubuntu + Security tools?

Currently Backtrack Linux is a derivative of Ubuntu, and besides a bit of rebranding, it is just like an Ubuntu system with all the tools installed. Since it supports installing to a hard disk, you certainly can run it as your main operating system. Alternatively you could install an Ubuntu system and install whatever tools you want (all of them, if you want all of them). Furthermore, you could even customize an Ubuntu live CD or DVD (or live USB flash drive) yourself to include the tools included with Backtrack.


One-line fix for "The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available"?

I'm glad you asked, astute Ubuntu user. Why yes there is a solution that will make you very happy.  And here it is:

sudo apt-get update 2>&1 |
sed -ne 's?^.*NO_PUBKEY ??p' |
xargs -r -- sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys

Boom, that's it.  No wasted time searching web sites, mucking with the shell, etc.


When you mount a network share in Nautilus in the Connect to Server window, the share is mounted in /home/$USER/.gvfs. So, if your username is bob, and you have mounted the network share Shared Docs on the computer Windows, it would be mounted under /home/bob/.gvfs/Shared Docs on Windows.


Ubuntu Server and lack of default (text) web browser with Barracuda Web Login

Install this package first

https://ubuntu.pkgs.org/16.04/ubuntu-updates-main-amd64/libgc1c2_7.4.2-7.3ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb.html

and w3m will install afterwards.

*update - This did not work but lynx did.

Installed this first

https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/lynx-common

Then Lynx itself

https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/amd64/lynx/download

And I got to my company login page.

Practically flying along now getting stuff done.


Gimp: I can't find any of the controls or toolbars that I used to be able to see

Open GIMP and the from the GIMP menu select Windows -> uncheck Hide Docks. This is also a useful feature if you're precisely cropping a large image and you temporarily need extra real estate in the image pane in order to show the whole image with a larger Zoom level.

Also see: I accidentally closed my GIMP toolbox. Can I get it back?. In the lower right-hand corner of the Toolbox window there is a blue button surrounded by a yellow arrow that says if you move the mouse cursor over it: "Reset to default values Shift Reset all tool options".


Problem with scaling on Debian-based distro

I was able to solve the issue by executing:

xrandr --output DVI-I-0 --fb 2560x1440 --panning 2560x1440 --scale 1.333x1.333 --rate 60

(Don't copy+paste it into your system, try it with your variables!)

Special thanks to @Lienhart Woitok. ᕕ( ᐛ )ᕗ


How to handle file names with spaces in zenity commands

There are two problems.  The IFS for the output of locate, and the IFS for zenity.

IFS is a shell variable containing a string of characters, any of which will break a string into words.  The usual value is 'space tab newline'

Both are fixed by setting IFS to a newline immediately before running locate.

export IFS='
'
FOUNDFILES=($(locate --database ~/.locate.db -i -b "$INPUT"))

The second problem is fixed by exporting this value of IFS into the environment, so that it also affects zenity.  This means you also need to modify the creation of tempzen.txt to use newlines as word separators.

if [ $x == 0 ]
    then
    echo -e "--list\n--title\nFILE-SELECTOR\n--column\nserialno.\n--column\nfile\n--radiolist\nTRUE\n${FOUNDFILES[$x]}\n--width\n1000\n--height\n600" >> /home/$USERNAME/tempzen.txt
    x=$((x+1))
else
    echo -e "FALSE\n${FOUNDFILES[$x]}" >> /home/$USERNAME/tempzen.txt
    x=$((x+1))
fi


How to add hardware to Openstack running with MAAS and Juju

please see the following answer, I believe it's exactly what you are looking for:

Add node to existing landscape openstack


I am currently using rsnapshot to backup my sites. It makes it super easy to take incremental backups, and only stores a new copy of a file when it has changed. It doesn't do delta changes though, so even if a file only changes by 1 byte, it will store a completely new copy of the file. Otherwise it uses hard links to save on disk space. The copying is done using rsync, meaning that you can back up remote sites easily as well!

The beauty of this system is that it's super easy to restore from backups... just use the regular old 'cp -r' function.

It works really well for us - we host a large number of Joomla sites, where the core files almost never change. We have our main backup repository on an Amazon EBS volume, which mirrors itself to our office server nightly.

It does use a fair number if inodes though (since everything is a link) so you'll probably want to keep an eye on that (use 'df -i' to see the usage of inodes) or reformat a partition. And there's no encryption for the backup files. It does make its remote backups through ssh though so that's encrypted.

I'm sure other posters will have good suggestions as well!


Problem installing beyond compare on 14.04 LTS

First the download, than the installation

Download the deb file here and install or use the steps below

cd
wget http://www.scootersoftware.com/bcompare-4.1.1.20615_amd64.deb
sudo -H gdebi bcompare-4.1.1.20615_amd64.deb


runt integrated intel graphics card + nvidia pcie graphics card?

In general there's no problem in setting for example two cards and 4 or 6 monitors on Linux. However when there is speak about intel cards problems begin. Integrated intel cards usualy do not cooperate with PCI cards and so on. This forum is full of posts concerning this issue. So Combining Intel card with other card might be difficult or impossible. But...

First of all, get into BIOS and check if Your mainboard allows to use two VGA cards at the same time. If Yes, set this option to allow to do so. Then boot to Ubuntu and see if it detects all VGA cards:

lspci | grep VGA

It should give both used cards in the output. If so then try to configure monitors in system preferences. If You cannot set monitors via user preferences then try to create xorg.conf file and set it manually. Please see this post for further details about xorg.conf and setting two different VGA cards.


Get this notification when I want to install files via XDM

You need to reinstall newer version of XDM (Xtreme Download Manager) from its site - http://xdman.sourceforge.net .
Open terminal and type:
cd ~/Downloads
wget https://github.com/subhra74/xdm/releases/download/7.2.11/xdm-setup-7.2.11.tar.xz
tar -xf xdm-setup-7.2.11.tar.xz
sudo ./install.sh

And then install browser AddOn on any supported browser.


How can I backup a phone running Windows Phone 7?

With Windows Phone, you can sync your contacts with the cloud (Windows Live can syncs contacts). If you don't like Windows Live you can sync them on a google Account.
I'm using that kind of services with my Windows Phone.


Sharing between two Ubuntu 11.10 systems not working for me

I am not a Samba user, but maybe this will help you.

I use ssh to share between my multiple PCs. Open a terminal session and enter the following:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Once installed I then use

Nautilus ---> File ---> Connect to Server

Type the IP address of whatever PC you are trying to connect to > Change the Type to SSH > enter the rest of your credentials for that machine.

In addition to this you could explore using your Ubuntu One folder for this. This way your files will be kept up to date on both machines plus have access remotely.

Good luck


"ssh-add ~/.ssh" only loads one identity when it should load all of them

You need to tell ssh-add to add the file. It won't recursively add all your files under ~/.ssh. The correct method is using:

ssh-add ~/.ssh/two_rsa


Coincidentally, I just ran into the same issue. It seems to be a bug, because restarting Dropbox fixes it temporarily, but only until the next restart. To fix it permanently, we need to edit and rename the dropbox.desktop file in ~/.config/autostart/

How to fix it permanently:

rename the file ~/.config/autostart/dropbox.desktop into: start_dropbox.desktop

[You need to rename it because Dropbox overwrites the file dropbox.desktop on every startup]
Open the (renamed) file with gedit (drag it over an open gedit window).
Replace the line, starting with Exec=, change it into:

Exec=/bin/bash -c "sleep 10&&dropbox start -i"

This delays the startup of Dropbox with 10 seconds after log-in, which does the trick.
in Dropbox preferences, untick "Start Dropbox on startup" (else we would have two .desktop files representing Dropbox in the autostart folder):

In Startup Applications (Dash > Startup Applications) remove the Dropbox entry (but not the newly created start_dropbox.desktop).

In the folder ~/.config/autostart, remove the original dropbox.desktop if it is still there.

Now on restart, it should be in the right place.

Explanation

The bug seems to be related to the timing of the Dropbox startup. The workaround above replaces the "real" Dropbox starter with one that delays the startup 10 seconds, until the desktop is ready.


what is the purpose and role of rules file in debian packaging

The rules file is what does all the work for actually creating the package. It is a Makefile with targets to compile and install the application, then create the .deb file from the installed files. It also has a target to clean up all the build files so you end up with just a source package again. As the Debian Policy Manual puts it:

  This file must be an executable makefile, and contains the
  package-specific recipes for compiling the package and building binary
  package(s) from the source.

That's nice and all, but what is actually going on here:

%:
    dh $@

dh is a helper command that calls other Make targets and runs a series of debhelper commands. As its manpage  describes it:

   dh runs a sequence of debhelper commands. The supported sequences
   correspond to the targets of a debian/rules file: build-arch, build-
   indep, build, clean, install-indep, install-arch, install, binary-arch,
   binary-indep, and binary.

Again, it's just a helper file to simplify things. You don't actually need to use it, but it makes your life much easier. To see what commands are actually run in each target, run:

dh binary-arch --no-act

Now to your specific problem... I don't think it has anything to do with your rules file. Without seeing the actual source package, it is hard to say with certainty what the issue is. Though I'd hazard to guess that there is no binary package stanza in your debian/control file. In the following snippet, the first 'stanza' describes the source package while the second describes the binary package it will build:

Source: hello
Section: devel
Priority: optional
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
XSBC-Original-Maintainer: Jane Doe <packager@example.com>
Standards-Version: 3.9.1
Build-Depends: debhelper (>= 7)
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/hello/

Package: hello
Architecture: any
Depends: ${shlibs:Depends}
Description: The classic greeting, and a good example
 The GNU hello program produces a familiar, friendly greeting. It
 allows non-programmers to use a classic computer science tool which
 would otherwise be unavailable to them. Seriously, though: this is
 an example of how to do a Debian package. It is the Debian version of
 the GNU Project's `hello world' program (which is itself an example
 for the GNU Project).


Why is "No new release found" when upgrading from a LTS to the next?

According to Ubuntu Engineering Foundations team manager Steve Langasek:

  Upgrades between LTS releases are not enabled by default until the first point release, 14.04.1, scheduled for July.  It is recommended that most LTS users wait until then before upgrading to 14.04.

If you choose to upgrade before then, you can pass the -d option to the upgrade tool, running do-release-upgrade -d or update-manager -d, to upgrade from vanilla 12.04 to 14.04. (-d stands for devel.)

This question explains the justification for waiting for the prompt:

Upgrading LTS to LTS (server) -- why wait for the first point release?


Where to find up-to-date redis package for 10.04?

One way to find out if a ppa exists is performing a search on launchpad:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+ppas?

This will show you quite a lot of sources from where you may be able to install the version you need. Simply choose an archive you trust (e.g ppa:rwky/redis).


If someone has my same issue I've resolved that with this post from MAAS support forum: Manage IBM Server X3650 M4 on MAAS


I would try removing the driver and reinstalling. I have noticed that upgrade ubuntu can cause driver & program problems.


Computer won't start, IO error, dropped to initramfs

This is not a problem. This is the GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader) menu screen. It's Ubuntu's default bootloader. Its function is to load and start the Linux kernel and some needed parts of the system.

This very useful when you have more than one operating system in your computer.

If it's not your case, you can hide this screen by running the following commands in an Ubuntu terminal:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Find the GRUB_TIMEOUT line and change its value from whatever it is to 0. Save the file and exit. Again, in a terminal run:

sudo update-grub

When it finishes, reboot to see if you still get the menu.


Your system partition is broken. Boot on an Ubuntu 13.10 disk, choose "Try Ubuntu", and fix your system files this way: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuReinstallation


Can't Read System Fonts After Upgrade to Ubuntu 17.10

First install the indispensable (GNOME) Tweaks if not installed already by running

sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool

Then launch Tweaks and go to Fonts section (most probably fourth from the top in the sidebar) and change all the fonts to working ones. See the screenshot below for reference:

This should fix the font rendering issue in window title, interface etc.

But you might still see the issue present in top bar, calendar and notification tray, system menu etc. In order to fix this you may change the shell theme in the Appearance section of Tweaks to one with supported font(s).

Important note: You won't be able to select any shell theme installed in your home directory by default. For that you'll have install and activate User Themes shell extension first.


I got this error when upgrading from 16.04 to 18.04

I received the same error testing 16.04 to 18.04 upgrade yesterday. This is a relatively vanilla installation of Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS. A summary appears at the end:

Errors were encountered while processing:
 unity-settings-daemon
 rhythmbox-plugin-zeitgeist
 unity
 gnome-icon-theme
 ubuntu-session
 hud
 libnautilus-extension1a:amd64
 python3-gdbm:amd64
 python3-reportlab-accel:amd64
 python3-cairo:amd64
 dh-python
 nautilus
 onboard
 python3-renderpm:amd64
 totem-plugins
 unity-tweak-tool

Upgrade complete

The solution is to run sudo apt install -f TWICE. The first time fixes some errors, the second time fixes the rest of them.

Possibly related this morning I fixed an error I noticed during the upgrade and ran the answer here on the live 16.04.6 system:

how I can fix "AppStream cache update completed, but some metadata was ignored due to errors."?"

Note: There are other issues so I'll likely run the upgrade again on a clone using this script:

Bash script to backkup/clone Ubuntu to another partition

I encourage everyone to run the upgrade on a Ubuntu clone to work out all the bugs.


How to make Ubuntu text color easier to read?

Open the gtk-main.css file in Ambiance theme from following path via Terminal:

gksudo gedit /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-3.0/gtk-main.css

or in Radiance theme like below:

gksudo gedit /usr/share/themes/Radiance/gtk-3.0/gtk-main.css

Then edit following lines:

@define-color fg_color #4c4c4c;     # identifies icons text color
@define-color text_color #3C3C3C;   # identifies color for text

and change both lines value to new value as following:

@define-color fg_color #000000;
@define-color text_color #000000;

Save the opened file, log off and log in back to see the changes.

You can change that lines directly by using sed command:

sudo sed -i.bak 's:@define-color \(text_color\|fg_color\) #......;:@define-color \1 #000000;:1' /path/to/gtk-main.css

Change in screenshots:

Before change:

Highlighted lines will be change:

After change:


Ubuntu doesn't boot when selecting linux 3.0

I have the same issue. I upgraded to 11.10 from 11.04 on AMD64. I had to revert to the 2.6.38 kernel in order to boot properly.

I have a suggestion: Try changing

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"

in the file /etc/defaults/grub

and do update-grub, and reboot. You will know why the boot fails.

In order to update the /etc/defaults/grub file. Press Ctrl + Alt + F1 at the splash screen to boot into alternative console/ environment. F1 can be replaced with F2 - F6... You will need to enter root password to proceed at this step.

I got ubuntu 11.10 with linux kernel 3.0 working. If you have an nvidia graphics card, try this. Boot into 2.6.38, and disable nouveau kernel by adding the line

blacklist nouveau

in the file /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf.

Install nvidia driver by :

sudo apt-get install --reinstall nvidia-current

Now, do an

update-initramfs -u -v -k 3.0.0-12-generic

in order to update the ramdisk for kernel 3.0, and also do

update-grub

(just in case). Now, if you try to boot into Kernel 3.0, it will work. (Worked for me...)


Ubuntu freezes when running program on many threads

It turned out to be a hardware issue.

I was able to reproduce the issue using this test.

I am using the PRIME-X399-A motherboard. I noticed that there is a recently released bios update. Updating the bios resolved the issue.


You will have to add the repo then do a distribution upgrade.

Repo; http://ppa.launchpad.net/libreoffice/ppa/ubuntu

The easiest way is to run these commands in a terminal (CLI) one after the other;

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

When there is a new version Update Manager will say some packages are held back. The key is to do a distribution upgrade via CLI.


Setting them to size 1 is not a great solution, but setting them to size zero works!
You have to do it via gsettings though, the GUI will not allow size zero. Use the following command:
gsettings set org.gnome.totem subtitle-font '[whatever your font is here], 0'

You can turn them off for the current video in the menu, but every time you start a new video they come back. As far as I can tell, this is the only way to set no subtitles as a default.


The supported method would wait for the next VMWare Workstation release, which will likely support the newer 10.10 Ubuntu release.

If you don't feel like waiting that long, you can patch your installation, as described at: debuntu.org: WMware Workstation 7.1 on Ubuntu Maverick Meerkat 10.10


Toshiba Satellite problem with ubuntu 16.04

Hi you can choose english at first,

to go through the installation and then

after you are ready install the Polish language support,

either over the package management gui or over the apt utility on the commandline.

Was your new SSD Recognised by the BIOS of Your Toshiba Satelite Notebook?


How to open different plain text files (.txt and .tex) with different default applications?

You can try to manually modify the mimeapps.list file which contains all custom file associations.
This file can be found in /home/.local/share/applications or in /home/.config (I'm using Ubuntu 20.04 and the file is in .config; I'm not sure about 18.04 though)
Here is how you can proceed:

Find out the name of the desktop entry for your Texmaker program:

Type in terminal:
ls /usr/share/applications | grep tex

look in the output and find something like: texmaker.desktop

Open the mimeapps.list file with whatever text editor you want, and you will see something like this:

[Default Applications]
audio/mpeg=vlc.desktop
image/jpeg=qView.desktop

[Added Associations]
audio/ogg=vlc.desktop;celluloid.desktop;

Add this line text/x-tex=texmaker.desktop to the [Default Applications] part, like this for example:
[Default Applications]
audio/mpeg=vlc.desktop
image/jpeg=qView.desktop
text/x-tex=texmaker.desktop

Save the file and you're done (remember to change texmaker.desktop to the name that you found).
*For reference, the line for txt files will be something like:
text/plain=org.gnome.gedit.desktop


14.04 no internet connection when I up the bridge interface (for LXC container)

Sorry for the late reply, but just started writing in here.

I assume you have installed the bridge-utils via apt-get.

Edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. It should seem similar to this:

# Bridge between eth0 and eth1
auto br0
iface br0 inet dhcp
# For static configuration delete or comment out the above line and uncomment the following:
# iface br0 inet static
#  address 192.168.1.10
#  netmask 255.255.255.0
#  gateway 192.168.1.1
#  dns-nameservers 192.168.1.5
#  dns-search example.com
bridge_ports eth0
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
bridge_maxwait 0

So quickly put, give your br0 the values originally handled by the eth0. Your eth0 should not contain any IP-information.

ifup br0


How to show a difference between the usage of '*' , '+' and '?' in grep?

make an example? try it out?

$ cat greppy
grp
grep
greep

zero or more e here

$ egrep 'gre*p' greppy
grp
grep
greep

zero or one e here

$ egrep 'gre?p' greppy
grp
grep

one or more e here

$ egrep 'gre+p' greppy
grep
greep


Open a terminal and execute the following command.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity-lens-music

This should reinstall the music lens.


USB 2.0 not working in my Ubuntu 13.04 Dell XPS 13

I had the same problem with my desktop, I use an AMD processor, Enabling the option IOMMU in the BIOS fixed it, if you have that option in the BIOS try it


Shell How install local bulk of packages

I suggest using a for loop:

cd ~/Downloads
for i in *.deb; do echo installing "$i"; sudo dpkg -i "$i"; done;

for i in *.deb loop into all "deb" files
echo installing "$i" print which one you are going to install
Using dpkg -i package we install a "deb" package.

Hint: you can change dpkg -i with gdebi or apt install these options going to handle dependecies too (if any).


Problem installing wireless adapter driver

First copy the folder RTL8812AU_linux_v4.2.5_10143.20140103_ASUS.zip from your CD to your /home folder and open a terminal, extract it with

unzip ~/RTL8812AU_linux_v4.2.5_10143.20140103_ASUS.zip

This will make a folder called RTL8812AU_linux_v4.2.5_10143.20140103_ASUS change to this folder

cd ~/RTL8812AU_linux_v4.2.5_10143.20140103_ASUS

The file to run is install.sh, use this command to give it executable permissions

chmod +X install.sh

Install it with this command

sudo sh install.sh

This will install your driver

Please see this for more information on .sh files.


Sound stopped working on an HP ProBook 6550b

Executing this worked for me:

killall pulseaudio; rm -r ~/.pulse*; sudo usermod -aG `cat /etc/group | grep -e '^pulse:' -e '^audio:' -e '^pulse-access:' -e '^pulse-rt:' -e '^video:' | awk -F: '{print $1}' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's:,$::g'` `whoami`

This was extracted from a bigger sequence of commands posted in this blog.


I found a solution :
cursor files found in /usr/share/icons/breeze_cursors/cursors are .xmc files ("X11 mouse cursor files"). This type of file is handled by Gimp (2.8.22), so I had to save my file as a xmc file, then replace the /usr/share/icons/breeze_cursors/cursors/wait

Yet I do not understand why cursors images do not have extension, nor why they require a specific type of file


kdenlive - pop-up dialogues don't draw correctly - probably missing library

I was having a similar problem: the Open/Save menus were all somehow behind the kdenlive main window if it was maximized.

So the workaround is to move the main window when accessing the menus.


sudo apt autoremove wants to remove a lot of packages, safe to run?

If autoremove proposes to remove them, then it's safe to run, they are not needed by any other packages.

However, you could just copy-paste the list just in case something goes wrong. Like that, you can re-install them again.


7zip extractor flooded my home folder, any way to undo it?

Get the list of extracted files, then script a deletion work.
List files in archive
7z l archive_file.ext
# l  is for 'List'

The output of this command looks like the code bellow:
We want the list of files with path
user@host:~$ 7z l '$User/RC_Adapter_Arduino.zip'

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_GB.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,4 CPUs Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU       M 560  @ 2.67GHz (20655),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive for archives:
1 file, 8693524 bytes (8490 KiB)

Listing archive: /home/MyUser/RC_Adapter_Arduino.zip

--
Path = /home/MyUser/RC_Adapter_Arduino.zip
Type = zip
Physical Size = 8693524

   Date      Time    Attr         Size   Compressed  Name
------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
2019-09-06 08:58:18 D....            0            0  Drivers - Arduino
2019-09-06 09:06:16 D....            0            0  Drivers - Arduino/drivers
2019-09-06 09:07:30 .....         9368         6268  Drivers - Arduino/drivers/AdafruitCircuitPlayground.cat
2019-09-06 09:07:30 .....         3719         1162  Drivers - Arduino/drivers/AdafruitCircuitPlayground.inf
2019-09-06 09:06:46 D....            0            0  Drivers - Arduino/drivers/CP210x_6.7
2019-09-06 09:06:24 D....            0            0  Drivers - Arduino/drivers/CP210x_6.7.4

Get the last column by deleting the 53 first characters, adapt it to your output if needed
This could also be achieved with awk and dealing with spaces
7z l myarchive.file | sed  's/\(.\{53\}\)//'

Optionnal removing heading and tailing lines
7z l myarchive.file tail -n +17 | head -n -2 | sed  's/\(.\{53\}\)//'

Save the files list to a text file
You will be able to script the deletion of the unwanted files
Adapt 17 heading and 2 tailing values to your output if needed
7z l myarchive.file tail -n +17 | head -n -2 | sed  's/\(.\{53\}\)//' > $USER/theMess.txt


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS - Black Screen at boot After changing Nvidia Driver

i have same issue.

In /var/log/syslog i have found next lines:

[   13.834336] NVRM: API mismatch: the client has the version 319.32, but
[   13.834336] NVRM: this kernel module has the version 304.88.  Please
[   13.834336] NVRM: make sure that this kernel module and all NVIDIA driver
[   13.834336] NVRM: components have the same version.

It`s mean, that 2 kerenl modules installed.

In dkms i have seen 2 modules installed.

dkms status
nvidia-304-updates, 304.88, 3.5.0-39-generic, x86_64: installed
nvidia-319-updates, 319.32, 3.5.0-39-generic, x86_64: installed

Just delete previous module, and it work`s for me.

sudo apt-get purge nvidia-304 nvidia-304-updates


How to run an anonymous terminal session?

No this is not possible as the server needs your data to answer your requests. And you cannot force them to not save that data.


How to install a package from launchpad which doesn't belong to a PPA?

The package was deleted from the repositories, I doubt you can find it anywhere using apt-get. Here is the notice:


Configure GRE via Netplan (headless/aws)

:embarrassed:
The yaml fragment in the question is effective after a system restart, Just running 'netplan apply' wasn't enough.


Tool to analyse a logfile and alert when growing too fast?

logwatch can be configured to do many things with log files:

trusty (8) logwatch.8.gz
Provided by: logwatch_7.4.0+svn20130529rev144-1ubuntu1_all

NAME
       logwatch - system log analyzer and reporter

SYNOPSIS
       logwatch  [--detail  level  ]  [--logfile  log-file-group  ] [--service
       service-name ]  [--mailto  address  ]  [--archives]  [--range  range  ]
       [--debug   level  ]  [--filename  file-name  ]  [--logdir  directory  ]
       [--hostlimit hosts ] [--hostname  hostname  ]  [--html_wrap  number  of
       characters ] [--hostformat host based options ] [--output output-type ]
       [--format report format ]  [--encode  encoding  to  use  ]  [--numeric]
       [--version] [--help|--usage]

DESCRIPTION
       Logwatch  is  a customizable, pluggable log-monitoring system.  It will
       go through your logs for a given period of time and make  a  report  in
       the  areas  that  you  wish with the detail that you wish.  Logwatch is
       being used for Linux and many types of UNIX.


I haven't tried to use the installer on a USB stick, but it is probably not a good idea.

What you want is to use a specific application to make the live USB. If you want to keep your settings etc on the USB, you want to set up persistence.

There are several applications that can do this for you, both for Windows and Ubuntu.

If you have a Ubuntu Live USB stick, it might have "Startup Disk Creator" on it. Use that, and specify some room for "reserved extra space".

If you have trouble with that, you might look at unetbootin, or find something for Windows/OSX.


OK I worked it out. The process responsible for checking user folders at login, and creating them if they dont exist, is xdg-user-dirs. The list of default folders can be edited but I just left them at the default. I installed the package:

sudo apt-get install xdg-user-dirs

Then I logged out and logged back in again. My user folders where there, in my home dorectory, and using the special icons.


What's the best lightweight dock for Lubuntu?

Docky

Docky is a great dock which if used in combination with the the light-weight compositor xcompmgr provides a simple customisable dock.  It does install the mono-libraries but I havent noticed any sizable increase in resource usage.

Some simple docklets come as standard e.g. clipper and clock as shown.  For other applications, you can pin them to the dock to launch them.

Cairo

More customisable but needs effort to start with is Cairo-dock.  Out of the box, it assumes you have various default gnome applications.  You will need to either remove these or edit the applet to launch the Lubuntu equivalent.  But, personnally, I think the small amount of effort is greatly outweighed by the great 3D effects - use it with the light-weight compositor xcompmgr.

Also Consider

AWN was always a favourite of mine under Gnome - however avoid this one for Lubuntu because Synaptic tries to install most of the Gnome desktop when installing AWN.

However, if AWN is installed from the command line using the command "sudo apt-get install avant-window-navigator --no-install-recommends" it doesn't install all the Gnome packages, but it will take some manual tweaking after install as you'll need to install the packages for whatever applets you want one-by-one.  Doing it this way does give you AWN with a very light install size.

WBar - various people have raved about this.  Personally, don't know why - it really is just a very light-weight launcher. No additional applets come with it.  All of the configuration you have to do via manually modifying a text configuration file.


File Sync Between Multiple Drives and Computers

Deja-Dup (aka Backup in the latest versions of Ubuntu) can do your first round of backups very easily. They'll let you copy your data to another partition if that's what you want to do.

To backup your backups on other computers, I'd probably recommend something like rsync. It's command-line based but it'll make things easier in the long run :)

rsync -avz -e ssh /local/backup/dir/ remoteuser@remotehost:/remote/backup/

Notes about this method:

You'll need openssh-server installed on each machine.
You'll want to set up SSH key authentication so you're not faffing around with passwords all the time. Perhaps make a "backup" user on each machine to keep things more secure and separate if you're dealing with more than one real person.
Schedule this using crontab -e

Alternatively you can use a different filesystem for your backup location. There are emerging filesystems that act as a distributed filesystem to keep copies of the data on multiple nodes. This is more commonly used in SANs than backup scenarios, but it might be worth a look. One example is FineFS.

Also - useful reading:

Comparison of backup tools


Using `umount` for USB mounted ext4 volume without `sudo`

Unless root, a user can not umount any filesystem mounted by some other user.

If you have used the user option in mount (/etc/fstab), you can check the output of mount command, you will see the user= showing the user who has mounted the filesystem. Only that user (and root) can use umount to unmount the filesystem.

There are hacky ways to do unmounting as a different user but i don't think there is any direct umount way.

Here is a function (based on OP's idea) that will run umount or gvfs-mount based on EUID. This could be put in /etc/bash.bashrc so that it will be available on all user's interactive shells:

unmount () {
    if [[ "$#" -eq 1 ]]; then
        { [[ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 || "$1" =~ ^-.* ]] && "$(command -v umount)" "$1" || gvfs-mount -u "$1" ;}
    else
        printf "Usage: unmount [option -h [|-V]|mount-point|device-path]\n"
    fi
}


What is the best video software that can play more than one instance besides Gnome MPlayer?

"The best" is subjective. I prefer VLC Media Player

sudo apt-get install vlc


my desktop seems to be outside of my 40`` tv in 1920x1080?

If you have "overscanning" enabled on your TV you will need to disable it.  Otherwise sometimes there is a zoom feature.  TVs use it to help make DVDs look better on your TV but it does mess up desktops.  I had the same problem on my Toshiba and my mint/Kodi mediaserver.

Try looking in the setting for Overscan or zoom and see if that helps.


Problem with CUPS on Ubuntu 14.04.3 amd-64

You could try this: http://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=47&t=172796#p1009080

It provides separate printers for different output quality (different image resolutions, grayscale, etc.), asking you where to store the result.

It refers to Linux Mint, which is based on Ubuntu and so should work there, too.


How to control / disable low level battery on bluetooth mouse

Well, it is not a solution, but for me, it solved my problem. I don't like the Unity desktop, so, I have changed it for LXDE and the battery monitoring has disappeared, now I have added to the panel a main battery monitor and only looks for the laptop battery and my bluetooth mouse is working properly (funny, but on Unity it was battery dead and on LXDE is alive).
As I said, it is not a solution, but, Unity is so so so slow and now I have gained a faster desktop and one problem less.
Hope there will be a solution for the "main" problem I posted.
Regards.


I have found a workaround which solves the problem for me, in the sense that it:

allows me to autostart in xbmc
restarts xbmc if the program crashes
it fully functioning: there is sound and the video is working perfectly.

What I chose to do was to auto-start Ubuntu into my 'public' user the 'normal' GUI way by selecting the option in Unity. Then, I added a process monitor script to respawn the program for me.

Here is how: Following this answer, I added a the following script to the home directory of user 'public', naming it 'process_monitor.sh':

#!/bin/bash

if [[ -z "$1" ]];then
    echo "ERROR: must specify program"
    exit 1
fi

while (( 0 == 0 ));do
    $@ &
    pid=`jobs -l | awk '{print $2}'`
    wait $pid
done

After making the script executable by

chmod a+x ~/process_monitor.sh

I added the following line in "Startup applications" for user 'public' (accessed through Dash or, in 12.04 at least, the top right bar):

/bin/bash ~/process_monitor.sh /usr/bin/xbmc

This way, I can now auto-start in xbmc with perfect sound and video functionality, and then have the monitor script make sure that xbmc respawns when it crashes. Perhaps not the most beautiful of solutions, but it works!


Could not open address book due to Desktopcouch error

Ubuntu One can be used to sync files, but also CouchDB databases. Thunderbird has a method to store an addressbook in your DesktopCouch (personal CouchDB) so that it can be synced between your computers. However, for some reason, it is not working. It's likely a bug in Thunderbird.

If you want to follow the progress of this bug, or add yourself as affected, you can find the bug report here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/desktopcouch/+bug/872639


Shortcut keys to create Empty Text Document in Nautilus?


How to create an installable package in a ppa the simple way

Ok, you really have some misconceptions about how packages are done in Debian/Ubuntu:

  Why can't I just upload a directory of files* to the ppa

Because that's dirty and the system shouldn't try to figure out what are you trying to do. Whenever you upload to a PPA you should upload the sources code in a tarball, that includes the debian/ directory, and a signed .dsc file, and maybe a .changes file if you are not the original maintainer of the program.

I recommend you to read and reread the fine Debian Packaging Guide, and other resources online:

http://www.webupd8.org/2010/01/how-to-create-deb-package-ubuntu-debian.html
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Packaging
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MOTU
http://tldp.org/HOWTO/html_single/Debian-Binary-Package-Building-HOWTO/
http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Debian-Binary-Package-Building-HOWTO/x169.html
http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/336
Google: Create DEB sources file


Tunneled XVNC connection to Ubuntu 13.04 from Windows 7 client -- painfully slow!

Unity is only running smooth with hardware 3D acceleration. Since VNC is running its own X11 server without conventional graphics output, you cannot expect to get decent performance. If I understand the xrdp website correctly, xrdp suffers from the same issue (since it uses xvnc to manage the x11 session).

I only see one possible solution: avoid running a 3D desktop environment through your remote connection:

You could, instead of running a full remote desktop, just forward X11 on a per window basis. For this, you'll need an X11 server for Windows (for instance Xming, or the one from the Cygwin repos, or MobaXterm,...). If you are running an ssh client from a command line, you can enable X11 forwarding with the "-X" argument (or "-Y" for trusted X11 forwarding, meaning that you trust the server computer you are connecting to) In putty you can enable X11 forwarding by clicking a checkbox:

If this is enabled, you should be able to start all X11 programs from command line in putty and get their output on your local screen.

If you insist on using a full remote desktop,  I'd suggest to install a 2D window manager. If you want a full desktop environment, you can try lxde, xfce, kde (with desktop effects disabled!). If you just need just a lightweight window manager, try sawfish, openbox, blackbox, fluxbox, mwm, twm,... The Archlinux Wiki has a list of window managers, of which many are available on Ubuntu as well.


Map dead_greek permanently to Compose+G?

This is a way to get the behavior you ask for:

Create the file ~/.XCompose
Define the letters you want to be able to type. I give two examples:

<Multi_key> <g> <d> : "δ" Greek_delta # GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA
<Multi_key> <g> <D> : "Δ" Greek_DELTA # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA

Relogin

This allows you to type:

Compose followed by G followed by D -> δ

Compose followed by G followed by Shift + D -> Δ

But please note that this does not make use of the dead_greek symbol.


A question on automatic backup of server

If you use a virtual machine you copy the whole virtual machine and be done with it. We use custom scripts though for our google instances and do not rely on backup software.

Basically: gather all data to backup and place it into a directory. Let's call this /backup/. Within /backup/ we have directories named 01 to 31. In those directories we copy all files that need to be saved. So we have 1 month of backups on the machine itself. If space is limited you can also do this on number of the day (so 7 days worth of backups).

For mysql we have a script to stop the database and use mysqldump to generate 1 big file and store it in /backup/[01-31] on that specific number of the month. The configuration files are also copied over. Jasperserver (a tool to create templates mainly for PDFs) has an export script to export all the custom content into 1 big zip file. For apache we copy over the website software into a zip file and also copy the configuration files. We do not use mail on our systems (we use 2 remote systems called flowmailer and postmark to mail) but something similar can be done here too.

And that data is then copied to another machine that is not in the same building.

Our downtime needs to be close to 0. We have clients that have locations all over the world (from China to America). The MySQL dump takes about 90 minutes (in those 90 minutes all the other software is done). To solve this we use 2 google instances and the backup is done from the slave so the downtime is 0. All we need to do afterwards is update the slave.


How to install Notes Designer and Domino Server in Ubuntu 14.04

There is no Notes Designer for Linux.
Look for alternatives like virtualized Windows guest or Wine to run the Windows version of Notes Designer.


How is the sources.list file generated on installation?

For generating sources.list:

The Ubuntu installer, Ubiquity, calls its apt-setup component
which, in turn calls the Debian installer d-i's apt-setup script
which, in turn uses various generator scripts for sources.list (and apt.conf).

If what you want to do is select a country mirror, look in to preseeding. The Ubiquity installer supports limited preseeding, but options include:

setting the country (key: countrychooser/shortlist)
running a post-install script and manually replacing sources.list (key: ubiquity/success_command)


Elantech Touchpad not working on Ubuntu 16.04 and Arch Linux

I had the same problem. After googling a lot I found a workaround: in /etc/defaut/grub

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

I added i8042.reset to the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="i8042.reset quiet splash"

and then

sudo update-grub

Finally after a restart the touchpad works fine (multitouch included).


Getting an error when using 'make' command (installing aircrack-ng on Ubuntu 12.04)

The error says you don't have ssl header files. So just install them.

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev


Issues with Python and potentially other programs after home directory change

shouldn‘t be any problem with your python installation since it is located under /usr/. The error seems to be a Permission denied at the end of the call stack.
This is caused by a missing permission by the IDE process which tries to open the profile.new file.
Could be fixed by locating the file and changing permissions.
You could change them from a terminal like
chmod -v 770 <filename>


Thanks, that simply what I was looking for and found no simple expiation doing a Google search. I was also confused when the "services" tab sad to drag and drop any file or folder into the local Ubuntu folder that that would add them to my list. What it did was move the folder to the Ubuntu folder and that was not what I expected. I did not want my desktop or documents folder moved out of my home folder. Thanks for your help. How do I mark this as solved? Bob. – Bob Brazie yesterday


Setting up sublime text editor for LaTex

First of all, make sure you have "Package Control" under Preferences. It does make the installation of packages easier. If not, follow the installation process described here.

Once you've got Package Control, click on it and select "Install Package". Search and install "LaTeXTools".

Finally, under Preferences/Package Settings you should now have LaTeXTools. Select it and click on Reconfigure "LaTeXTools and migrate settings".

ST should now recognize tex sintax and you should be able to compile tex files with Ctrl + B.

Is it working now?

Felipe


Where are the HiDPI scaling settings in 18.04.1?

The scaling setting on Ubuntu 18.04 can be found in the Settings tool: Devices - Displays. You will see the "Scale" setting, allowing to select an integer for global scaling of the display:

In addition to changing the Scale setting, you may also try playing around with font scaling. This is found in Gnome Tweak, Fonts. You can provide a fractional font scaling factor there. You can experiment with both settings to find the combination that suits you best.


Maybe related with this bug?

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-gnome/+bug/1460045

I've got that issue with Ubuntu Gnome 15.04 after upgrading to Gnome 3.16 (in 3.14 version my laptop works ok).

Hope it helps


dsh no tty present and no askpass program specified

sudo by default will read the password from the attached terminal. Your problem is that there is no terminal attached when it is run from the console.

1 open /etc/sudoers

type sudo vi  /etc/sudoers. This will open your file in edit mode.

2 Add/Modify linux user

Look for the entry for Linux user. Modify as below if found or add a new line.

<USERNAME> ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

3 Save and Exit from edit mode


The solution was use the conf file of amavis (somewhere in /etc/ ) that do the tagging.

Hope this may help!