gparted, Ubuntu and Linux in general recognize Windows partitions and will show the formatting of the disc correctly as NTFS (or on older Windows as FAT). Linux systems use most times ext with a 2, 3 or 4 behind it. So all you need to do is check the formatting of the disc to identify what kind of OS is on what partition.

Example:

Here sda1, sda5, sda6, sda7 are Windows related partitions.

Windows on the other hand does not recognize Linux file systems so do your resizing in Ubuntu and you should be fine checking what partition is what.

Besides that: Windows still insists to be on the 1st partition of a disc so I assume it will be on the left side.


Press right ctrl+f1 to switch to TTY, then switch back with right ctrl+f7. Then log in and install the VirtualBox Guest Additions.

Please see this answer on how to install the extensions pack, beside that you have to download it by hand from the oracle website the installation process from within the VirtualBox GUI is the same.


I don't know about an actual definition but I know that you can make it auto-complete by giving you drop down list of keywords while your typing.  Along with this option there is also a thesaurus option to bring up other versions of the word you are typing.

You must first download an offsite dictionary file and have Vim point to it by using the set: command.  I have provided a link that will better describe how to go about doing this in better detail

http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Dictionary_completions


I did a little more playing around with the Thunar file manager and was finally able to trash the downloaded file off my desktop.

It wasn't just clicking on the file that caused problems, apparently  the mere presence of that jpeg2000 file on my UBUNTU desktop causes the wild instability!

As soon as I deleted the file, the desktop reappeared and Nautilus resumed it's correct functioning.

My guess is that in addition to being bad to click on, the file's presence triggers a very bad desktop icon generation bug preventing the desktop.
However because my file system defaults to browsing the "Home" folder which did not contain the suspect file, and it was not attempting to display the .jp2 icon, I am a bit unsure why that file manager window display would also disappear, therefore my analysis might be incorrect.

This seems to be nasty bug which might cause a novice user to reinstall the OS because of the desktop not working.


I couldn't modify a folder in the computers section?

Well you can do it with your file manager used with super user privileges. Try

gksu nautilus

on terminal and try using the nautilus instance provided. But this is not recommended if you don't know really what you are doing.


How to audit TTY for a specified user in ssh connection?

If the user isn't intentionally hiding their activity would something like this work?:

cat ~/.bash_history | grep "name_of_command"

Or

cat /home/user_name_here/.bash_history | grep search_string

Although it might be a better solution to enable PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) TTY auditing: pam_tty_audit.8

Install auditd (note: make sure ssh server is installed) and reboot:

sudo apt-get install auditd && sudo reboot

Remove any pam_tty_audit:

sed '/pam_tty_audit.so disable=/d' /etc/pam.d/sshd

Append enable string to the pam.d configuration files:

sudo sh -c "echo 'session required pam_tty_audit.so enable=*' >> /etc/pam.d/sshd"

Start auditd:

sudo service auditd status

If it is not running:

sudo service auditd start

And grep tty report for a users UID:

sudo aureport --tty | grep $(id -u username_here)

Related Reading:

http://doc.opensuse.org/products/draft/SLES/SLES-security_sd_draft/cha.audit.comp.html#sec.audit.auditd

https://serverfault.com/questions/336217/how-do-i-log-every-command-executed-by-a-user

http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-audit-files-to-see-who-made-changes-to-a-file.html


ps aux for long charactered usernames shows a plus sign

According to man ps, ps -aux is "To see every process on the system using standard (UNIX) syntax". I found no way to set a user-defined format to display the output.

In BSD syntax however, you can set the width of the column like: user:<width>. The following should give you the same information, setting the username column width to 20 (or any other value):

ps axo user:20,pid,pcpu,pmem,vsz,rss,tty,stat,start,time,comm

output with (very) long name:

USER                   PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TT       STAT  STARTED     TIME COMMAND

.........................................................................................

root                  3826  0.0  0.1  77828  4788 ?        Ss   08:15:55 00:00:00 cupsd
lp                    3831  0.0  0.0  63156  2224 ?        S    08:15:56 00:00:00 dbus
lp                    3832  0.0  0.0  63156  2220 ?        S    08:15:56 00:00:00 dbus
root                  4822  1.7  5.1 446964 210416 tty8    Ss+  08:38:00 00:03:27 Xorg
root                  4923  0.0  0.1 174652  4412 ?        Sl   08:38:02 00:00:00 lightdm
tantemarievanhier     5181  0.0  0.1 544216  4796 ?        Sl   08:38:08 00:00:00 gnome-keyring-d
tantemarievanhier     5228  0.0  0.0  40492  2740 ?        Ss   08:38:08 00:00:00 init
tantemarievanhier     5369  0.0  0.0  41816  3064 ?        Ss   08:38:09 00:00:02 dbus-daemon
tantemarievanhier     5376  0.0  0.0  10616   316 ?        Ss   08:38:09 00:00:00 ssh-agent

setting column width to 7:

ps axo user:7,pid,pcpu,pmem,vsz,rss,tty,stat,start,time,comm

USER     PID  %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TT       STAT  STARTED     TIME COMMAND

.........................................................................................

tantem+  6623  0.0  0.0 287228  3820 ?        Sl   08:39:00 00:00:00 unity-webapps-s
tantem+  6679  0.0  0.4 676856 18640 ?        Sl   08:39:20 00:00:00 update-notifier
tantem+  6721  0.0  0.1 541224  7056 ?        Sl   08:40:20 00:00:00 deja-dup-monito
tantem+  6743  0.0  0.5 810616 21888 ?        Sl   08:41:55 00:00:00 unity-scope-hom
tantem+  6758  0.0  0.2 717256 10352 ?        Sl   08:41:55 00:00:00 unity-files-dae
tantem+  6760  0.0  0.5 607208 22920 ?        Sl   08:41:55 00:00:00 unity-scope-loa
tantem+  6784  0.0  0.2 350676  9060 ?        Sl   08:41:56 00:00:00 unity-music-dae

For convenience reasons, you could add the following line to ~/.bashrc:

alias psaux='ps axo user:20,pid,pcpu,pmem,vsz,rss,tty,stat,start,time,comm'

so that ps aux is the "normal" output, while psaux gives you the full name- version.

Note:

You can also show the full name by moving the name column to the last position:

ps axo pid,pcpu,pmem,vsz,rss,tty,stat,start,time,comm,user

gives:

 PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TT       STAT  STARTED     TIME COMMAND         USER

 5181  0.0  0.1 544216  4548 ?        Sl   08:38:08 00:00:00 gnome-keyring-d tantemarievanhier
 5228  0.0  0.0  40492  2668 ?        Ss   08:38:08 00:00:00 init            tantemarievanhier
 5369  0.0  0.0  41816  3032 ?        Ss   08:38:09 00:00:07 dbus-daemon     tantemarievanhier

How to display the output, setting the width of the USER column automatically

There is another, more refined way to set the width of the USER- column. If we run the command with a very high value for the USER column width, we can use a small script to rearrange the lines, adjusting the column width to the longest user name.

To do so

Copy the script below, paste it into an empty file, save it as psaux_alternative.py.
Make it executable
Add a line to your ~/.bashrc:

alias psaux='/path/to/psaux_alternative.py`

Then, running psaux in a terminal window will display the output with an automatic width of the USER column.

The script:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import subprocess

command = "ps axo user:30,pid,pcpu,pmem,vsz,rss,tty,stat,start,time,comm"
l = subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c", command]).decode("utf-8").split("\n")
minlen = sorted(set([30-len(item.split(" ")[0]) for item in l]))[0]
for line in l:
    print(line[:30-minlen]+line[30:])


How do I disable dual screen after connect HDMI cable?

I assume you want to use the external monitor. But regardless, all you have to do is go into Display, select the monitor you want to turn off, & turn it off using the slider below the display image.


lubuntu - Help with partition, root, space, kfmclient

Well, you can fix it, or you can backup your things and reinstall. Honestly, backing up /home and reinstalling would make life and things more easier for you.

If you want to fix it, download and create a bootable usb stick or cd/dvd-rom with gpartd.

Then expand the file system. Also check this video on how to use gpartd.


Use xclip in a launcher command on xfce4 panel?

The solution is:

  bash -c "echo -n "myAdress" | xclip -selection clipboard"

All thanks go to lloyd_b for his explanation.


How to install Ubuntu using CLI commands from a live CD?

You need the text-based alternate install CD....then the installation is in text mode. Or try to change the start options.


I found a workaround for the problem. The file /etc/xdg/autostart/hplip-systray.desktop needs to be edited.The line Exec=hp-systray -x must be changed to Exec=sleep 30;hp-systray -x


How to automatically associate DropBox folder with the theme?

The only way to do this, is to set a custom icon. The dropbox folder is not treated specially by the system, and so there is no way for the system to know what icon name to use. Any themes that include the icon, do so as a matter of convenience, and not because it will "just work" with the system.


It can be done using apt-get easily .

First create a source list which contain only security repo.

grep security /etc/apt/sources.list | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.seurity.list

Now upgrade your system using this list

apt-get upgrade -o Dir::Etc::SourceList=/etc/apt/security.sources.list

I am not 100% sure about synaptic, but synaptic has a section of security repository  when origin option is selected. It may be used to select security updates.


Is it possible to create Ubuntu Shirts ( Merchandise )

Yes it is possible, so long as you follow the Trademark policy, the trademark page lists the policies (community advocacy probably applies to your activity).

http://www.ubuntu.com/aboutus/trademarkpolicy

Additional information is provided on the following links

http://design.ubuntu.com/assets/ubuntu-logo

Downloads - http://design.ubuntu.com/downloads?metadata=element-logo+brand-ubuntu

If you have questions, Contact Canonical Legal.


Please install apache:

sudo apt install apache2

Then go to /var/ you should see www and inside it html since Ubuntu 14.04, so drop it in /var/www/html as this is the default for Ubuntu 14.04 +


Problem installing ubuntu-sdk on Ubuntu 15.04

your xorg-edgers ppa has been disabled while updating, add the repo again, update and upgrade, that should fix the issue.

So the issue is that the installed version of the libgles2-mesa package has a higher version than what is normally supported.
My guess is that, before updating to 15.04, you had the xorg-edgers ppa which causes you to have this higher version. However, the update to 15.04 disabled this ppa, you can see if this is indeed the case by checking software & updates and then under the tab Other Software (you can type software-properties-gtk in the terminal to get there).

If this is the case then:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade

I hope this helps


Why does the Unix permission system use 1 2 3 4... values instead of 1 or 0?

Because we have these 3 bits (r/w/x) 3 times, once for user (owner) permissions, once for group permissions and once for permissions for everybody else.

That is why e.g. in the output of ls -l where you get the textual permissions representation, it looks e.g. like -rwxr-xr-x (the first - just indicating the file type, i.e. whether it is a directory or not).

(Actually there are even three more bits - SUID, SGID and Sticky - but you can look those more advanced permissions up on your own if you are interested.)


Does anyone know how to make Unity remember your opened windows on logout?

Its not possible in unity as of now..... but it may be a feature anytime soon....u can always install third part desktop environments like kde to do so


I fixed it! I had to sudo apt-get purge nvidia-settings and then reinstall it. I now have all the options and was able to use the tutorial I linked and now its working!


Upgrade from 13.10 to 14.04 with live USB

Yes.

1.Boot your computer from a usb flash drive.

2.Install without del your hard drive.

3.Done


Display abnormal after wake up from suspend

This is a known bug and is in fact known about on this site.

Now, while we wait for an actual resolution for this issue, there is something that can be done to temporarily work around this bug.

Put simply, just hit Alt+F2 and type the command unity. Hit enter, and the desktop will restart.

Note that this may crash certain programs (namely, Google Chrome), but it will restore your desktop to a normal state.

Alternatively, as this is a NVIDIA bug, you can also take a few more permanent workarounds:

If you're running NVIDIA Prime, you can swap over to the Intel card. Note, however, that this will cause a performance drop.
Downgrade to NVIDIA driver 367.57 as described in this comment.
If you want to experiment a bit, add the PPA ppa:kaihengfeng/lp1292830 (from this comment). Then, run the following command (followed by a reboot or restart of the X server):

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade


From what I could find here and here you have to do the following steps:

Kill apt-get and aptd process. Use killall -9 pid (where pid is the process id which you can find by running top). -9 is required to make sure the process is terminated.
Then you need to try

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh -a and sudo dpkg --configure -a

(optional) If all of the above steps work on their own then you should be fine but I would recommend you update to a more recent version of ubuntu, because it appears it was a bug in the way apt-get worked and should've been removed completly in a more recent release. Maybe a simple apt-get update && apt-get upgrade is sufficient (and would be quite ironic!).


Can you be specific as to what kind of driver they gave you? (Just update your question with the information you have)

I was not able to find a page for your printer in the openprinting database, however there is one for an FS-2000D, which appears to be a slightly older model.

Can you install openprinting-ppds, this should add a bunch of drivers to your install. Can you then update your question if that helps?


Any supported AGP 8x cards on Ubuntu 14.04?

Your GPU is still has some support (in Ubuntu 12.04 and newer) from Nvidia as part of their legacy driver set.

The Nvidia driver version 173 are packaged for Ubuntu 12.04 and 14.04 - http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/nvidia-173 which supports your GPU - http://www.nvidia.com/Download/driverResults.aspx/71303/en-us

Though they are legacy drivers they will receive occasional updates for compatibility and bug fixes - http://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_32667.html.

If you want full support you will need an 8 series or newer, which I don't think any were ever made with AGP (unless some special OEM versions).

Hopefully someone can provide details about ATi GFX cards (which I have only limited experience of in Linux).


Unable to connect to my remote Ubuntu system using SSH

It is most likely the firewall on your router that is blocking the request.

Have a look at the documentation for your firewall here: ftp://ftp.dlink.ru/pub/ADSL/DSL-2520U/Description/DSL-2520U_Manual_EN.pdf and specifically the Firewall section to configure it to allow connections to the IP of your Ubuntu PC on port 22.


Unable to run red.cc file with my tcl script in ns2.35

In the 5th line, set the value of ifq from Queue/red to Queue/RED and it should work fine :)


How do I mount an SD Card as /home/wb9688 by startup?

First create your directory

sudo mkdir /home/wb9688

Note you need sudo since the dir is in /home, if you misstype and you mean to create it inside your home then you dont need sudo and command becomes

mkdir ~/wb9688

Now add the entry to fstab

sudo gedit /etc/fstab

then add the following

UUID=93afcc06-65be-4154-9b20-6593f14f6c93 /home/wb9688  ext4    defaults    0   0


You just need free (unpartitioned) space on your drive (you can create that by resizing your existing partitions using for example gparted). Then during the installation you need to choose the option, which says something like "innstall ubuntu next to an existing os". during the partitioning yout tell to use the free space on the drive.

in the end you will be able to chose the os during boot in grub, with having one os as the default one, which will be started, when no input was given after a few seconds.


Printer ignores duble printing side in Evince and Libreoffice, but respecting it in Okular

Solved with manual selection of the printing drivers (the last within the list all with the same name "Toshiba e-STUDIO 3510c Series PS").


'Core Dumped' while opening Sublime Text 2

The problem was with SublimeCodeIntel package. Just move(or remove) it outside of Packages folder:

mv <path to sublime-text>/Packages/SublimeCodeIntel ~/

Then run Sublime Text and re-install SublimeCodeIntel from PackageControl:

Ctrl+Shift+P -> Package Control: Install Package -> SublimeCodeIntel.


I agree that it seems there was a config change with the router. might be an ip block due to the fact you can get on with the one version of linux on the dual boot it's not a mac block. you could try checking the network config and see if it's static or dynamic (dynamic is usually what you want set up) unless you have set it to be static.


How can I create an application launcher for a file in Gnome 3.6?

Create Launcher

First install gnome-panel using the following command in terminal (ctrl+alt+t)-

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends gnome-panel

You can either create it for your own or for all users.

To create a custom launcher for yourself(current user), type in terminal-

gnome-desktop-item-edit ~/.local/share/applications/ --create-new

or for system wide users, type :

sudo gnome-desktop-item-edit /usr/share/applications/ --create-new

A window to create launcher will open up.
Fill in the -

Name of the application (in your case the specific game).
command field, either add the executable command or browse and navigate to /usr/bin/ (where the applications are installed) and
select your application or game.
Comment field for description (optional).

Click OK. You are good to go. The launcher is created. It will be available in the activities overview.

Categorising

Say you created a launcher with name, indy-game. A file indy-game.desktop will be created in /usr/share/applications or /home/$USER/.local/share/applications

To make it available in the games section or any other category,

*open a terminal and type-

cd /usr/share/applications

then,

sudo gedit indy-game.desktop

(replace indy-game with your launcher name)

*In the editor window that opens up, in the categories field add Game at the end and put a semicolon. It should look something like,

  Categories=GNOME;GTK;Game;

Done. You will have the launcher for the game available in the games category now. Create separate launcher for every game or application you want.

Hope this helps. :)


Ubuntu Server 14 wireless connection configuration

Your interfaces file asks both ethernet and wireless to start automatically. If the ethernet cable is detached, obviously it can't.

Moreover, in a server, which usually runs headless, it is preferable to set a static IP address so that you can easily ssh and ftp into it. Therefor, I suggest that your interfaces file be set up like this:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

#auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.1.150
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
wpa-ssid <your_router>
wpa-psk <your_wpa_key>
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 192.168.1.1

Be sure to select a static address outside the range used by the DHCP server in the router, switch or other access point. Of course, substitute your details here.


If you are using the vanilla kernel, I would recommend building the same kernel vanilla and modules from the kernel source from the VM itself. Its may not be a good idea to use the modules compiled/available with Ubuntu as this could cause to arch / compatibility issues, panics etc. The custom kernel modules are available in /lib/modules/uname -r if the build has gone through properly.

Note: --modules=/path/to/modules, this option is for pointing the location of the modules within the domU, similar to "--initrd"


Unable to see wireless networks on 12.10 (AR928X card)

Try adding a network manually by clicking on the network icon, selecting edit connections, wireless, then add. Enter the network SSID, then follow these instructions to refresh the connections. Connecting and refreshing a wireless network without restart.
You may also have to install drivers even though your computer sees the device.


How do I get to the GUI after switching to a virtual console?

If you switched TTYs with Ctrl+Alt+F1 you can go back to the one running your X with Ctrl+Alt+F7.
TTY 7 is where Ubuntu keeps the graphical interface running.
Its not scary at all, you can use TTYs to do troubleshooting and other necessary configuration, get a bit familiar with it, login, check it out (it works as the terminal inside graphical Ubuntu) and logoff. You can login to several TTYs without messing your system.
When you want to go back to graphical press Ctrl+Alt+F7.

From 17.10 onwards VT1 is used for the display manager ("login screen"), the standard X session uses VT2. Hence we have VT3 as the first usable VT.
Also see Why is my GDM at a different TTY than my desktop environment? for more about the origin of this change.


I cannot access the juju-gui even though I have installed it and it shows me service started

Have you run juju expose juju-gui ? This assumes you called your Juju GUI instance the default of "juju-gui".


I can't log into ubuntu server 12.04.2 because it won't let me enter my password on my virtual machine, how can I fix this?

You can enter your password, but you don't get any visual feedback.

type your login name, press enter
type your password  blind (no cursor, no dots, no stars), press enter
enjoy


Count number of characters/words/lines in LibreOffice/OpenOffice(using terminal) Using `wc` command

Update: You can use libreoffice, which is installed by default, to convert the file to a plain text file and then count the characters / words / lines using wc:

To count the characters:

libreoffice --headless --convert-to txt:Text <path_to_source_file> &> /dev/null && < <plaint_text_file_name> wc -c && rm test.txt

*<path_to_odt_file> = path to the source file; <plain_text_file_name> = name of source file with the extension replaced to .txt;

To count the words:

libreoffice --headless --convert-to txt:Text <path_to_source_file> &> /dev/null && < <plaint_text_file_name> wc -w && rm test.txt

*<path_to_odt_file> = path to the source file; <plain_text_file_name> = name of source file with the extension replaced to .txt;

To count the lines:

libreoffice --headless --convert-to txt:Text <path_to_source_file> &> /dev/null && < <plaint_text_file_name> wc -l && rm test.txt

*<path_to_odt_file> = path to the source file; <plain_text_file_name> = name of source file with the extension replaced to .txt;


the download from your website shows up as a .iso file which does not work for installing

To create a bootable USB for Ubuntu, you can follow this excellent guide from Ubuntu's own website. See Ubuntu's website for the guide here!

I'm guessing that you're a present Windows user, that's why I'll give you a link for the windows guide. If I'm wrong, there should more of these guides for other OS's as well.

Good luck,


The syntax is:

scp source destination

So this time the source is your local (client) computer and the destination is the remote (server) computer.

If the file you want to send is ~/homecomputer/directory/foobar.txt, then from your local computer you can do:

scp ~/homecomputer/directory/foobar.txt root@server.ip.adress:/where/to/put

Check man scp to get more idea on this.


According to www.geforce.com/drivers You should be using the following nvidia driver for your specific card. Run the following commands to install:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge nvidia-current nvidia-current-updates
sudo apt-get install --reinstall nvidia-340 libcuda1-340

To explain about the xorg driver: because you installed nvidia-current instead of nvidia-340 and because nvidia-340 wasn't installed, your system was using nouveau instead of the proprietary drivers.

The names are confusing (nvidia-current) but nvidia-340 is the one you need and you will receive current updates automatically for your nvidia driver along with the rest of your system software.

Reboot for the changes to take effect.

Additionally, these are the binary drivers so there is no need to download anything from the nvidia website, it's already installed.

UPDATE

After doing the above and after you reboot:

Typically, you don't always have to run nvidia-xconfig but sometimes you do so sign into a tty (Press CTRL + ALT + F2 and sign in with your user name and password) and then run the following command:

sudo nvidia-xconfig
sudo service lightdm restart

If that doesn't work, reboot.

If that still doesn't work, run the command dmesg and look for anything relevant to the problem like a failed module or xorg.

Please post any errors, thanks.

UPDATE-2

First go into your BIOS settings and make sure the Nvidia card is enabled. Power on the laptop and quickly press F2 repeatedly until the BIOS settings screen opens.

If it is enabled, boot into ubuntu and run the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get install libgles1-mesa libgles2-mesa libosmesa6 libva-drm1 libva-egl1 libva-glx1 libva-tpi1 libva-wayland1 libva-x11-1 vainfo libegl1-mesa libegl1-mesa-drivers libgbm1 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libwayland-egl1-mesa libxatracker2 libvdpau-va-gl1 libdrm-intel1 libdrm2 libva1 va-driver-all i965-va-driver intel-gpu-tools
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends nvidia-340
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Reboot.

If it starts in low graphics mode, press CTRL + ALT + F2 and sign in with your user name and password.

Then, execute the following commands:

sudo service lightdm stop
sudo nvidia-xconfig
sudo service lightdm start

If that doesn't work, run the following command and please post the output:

sudo modprobe nvidia

UPDATE 3

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo apt-get install --reinstall build-essential

sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-source

sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-headers-generic

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo reboot

sudo apt-get install nvidia-340-updates

sudo nvidia-xconfig

sudo reboot


Thunderbird with Lightning plugin (should work with CalDAV)
KOrganizer (more at home withing KDE than in Unity, though)
Evolution should have Google support, or CalDAV.


Dell Latitude E6510 black screen after last update on 11.10 Intel Graphics

The bug has been reported. You can follow the progress here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/919350

How do I subscribe to a bug?


Windows has its own bootloader that will allow you to choose between installed versions of windows running on different partitions.


AMD Radeon R5 Graphics Glitches In Ubuntu 14.04.1

It requires an additional driver. Go to Additional Drivers tab in Software & Updates and select "Video Driver for the AMD Graphics..." (second option). Then Apply changes and Restart.

OR

You can manually download and install linux proprietary driver from AMD website. See url. It required some dependency packages. Please go through this page for detailed installation procedure.


After installing Ubuntu next to windows you should remove the installation disk and restart. Normally this automaticly boots Ubuntu after waiting a few seconds but in the boot menu you should be able to select either windows or ubuntu. Be carefull not to select the wrong windows because that way you will delete everything and will be left with a clean windows install.


Create a shortcut to a folder on the desktop 13.04

Open files, right click the folder that you want, and click on Make Link,

once done, move the newly created link to the desktop


Is there any way of adding Chinese characters to AutoKey?

The autokey program, as packaged and is available in Ubuntu, does not support Unicode strings. It should be possible to make it support Unicode, however this would require changes to the source code.

Since Autokey does not support Unicode, it does not support Chinese either.


Ubuntu 20.04...
sudo apt-get install libmariadb3 libmariadb-dev


How to check Active Linux machines in LAN

You can use Zenmap:

sudo apt-get install zenmap

Zenmap contains the possibility to filter by operating system.

You can also use nmap

sudo apt-get install nmap
sudo nmap -O --osscan-limit --max-os-tries 1 <your_ip_range>

using nmap you have to look for Linux.


If the steps you've done always returned an "Unknown FileSystem" error, this only means that one of the two unnamed partitions is actually your Ubuntu partition ! I assume the other partition was the swap .. I suppose why they were unnamed under Windows,
because they were formatted as exFat, the FileSystem used among linux systems .. And, since Windows can't recognize these FileSystems, it simply showed them unnamed, and probably warned you that they might be used by other systems .. I know that, because I actually formatted my linux partitions three times that way !

The only solutions I think would be most practical is to re-install Ubuntu, your software and some recovery software in case you stored some important files in your Ubuntu partition ..

Also, Green partitions in the windows disk manager refer to Extended Partitions, I'm not sure what that's supposed to mean, but that's how most linux systems are assembled ..


No sound in the web browsers ubuntu 13.04

By default Ubuntu disables some 3rd party sources, which might include some flash playback.

Go to your dash, search for "Software & Updates". Try to check "Software restricted by copyright" and go to Other Software to check software from "Canonical Partners" and "Independent" which is some third-party software as well.


Ubuntu 14 Android Studio 3 xrdp /dev/kvm permission denied

I had this mistake with Android Studio 3.0.1 on Ubuntu 18.04 when I run emulator. You can try this answer. To add the user username to the kvm group, you could use:

sudo apt install qemu-kvm
sudo adduser $USER kvm

In my case it worked, albeit with a re-login required after whole process.


It's difficult to be certain, but some potential culprits that spring to mind are:

Incompatible version, I've had luck using the AMD64 version on some hardware combinations where the 32 bit disc failed with symptoms similar to that you described.
Bad memory or other hardware. Can you run the memory test from a live CD?
A damaged installation disc - unlikely since you've tried multiple media

Can you run the live disc successfully, that is, have you given the "Try Ubuntu without installing" option a try?

Are you confident that the PC is otherwise healthy? Is XP running happily? You say it's only a few years old, but it's still worth checking for obvious signs of hardware failure, such as swollen capacitors on the motherboard / video card.


No default gw from dhcp in ubuntu server 18.04 with netplan

The issue is, that DHCP is setting rules for static routes (dhcp option 121) and in such a case the router gateway is disregarded as explained here

You can see from what netplan ip leases returns on the second to last line, the DHCP rules are setting static routes.

One option seems to work in Ubuntu 16, by adding another routing rule for 0.0.0.0 as explained in the answer by @greecemonkey (although I have not tried that and cannot confirm if it would work in netplan on Ubuntu 18)

The other answer given involves ignoring the static routes provided by the DHCP server as explained in the answer given by @Flash5k. Unfortunately this does not work in netplan on Ubuntu 18.04. Editing the /etc/dhcpcd.conf file has no affect, as netplan is not using this file (it uses an internal dhcp client).

In newer versions of netplan they have a new option for dhcp-overrides that allows one to ignore the routes provided by the DHCP server (as well as other setting provided by DHCP). Unfortunately as of now this has not been back ported to Ubuntu 18.04.


So you formatted the the partitions of ubuntu os. But still have entry in the boot menu. No Problem,You can use EasyBCD to remove the boot option. It have free non-commercial license for personal use. The instructions to use the software are also available on the site.

http://neosmart.net/dl.php?id=1
                  OR

Windows button +R to launch RUN. Enter "msconfig" and press enter. Select boot tab. Delete All entries other than the windows 10.


Install the following library:

sudo apt install nvidia-libopencl1-340 ocl-icd-opencl-dev


I have one word for this 'bug': fun. :)
I saw exactly the same error message today, and the solution is...

sudo mkdir /media/$USER
sudo chown $USER:$USER /media/$USER

(thank jasmines for the tipp!)

I know, fun, but that was the solution for me! Ubuntu wants to use a non-existent directory for the mount target, and doesn't create it before attempting the mounting operation!


boot for install crashes on 14.04 (Display related)

I found a workaround, so I clicked in "improve this answer" to my previous comment in order to add it.  However, after submitting it I found that it was ignored.  I tried to do it again and get the answer that I had too many answers rejected.  Then I tried to submit a new answer but was told that there was a limit of one per day.  So, I waited for a day and tried to "improve this answer" again - but I was told that it would be peer-reviewed, with a delay.  So I chose to post this as a new answer.

When I reported similar problem happened with motherboard ASRock P4i65GV and AGP Video card nVIDIA GeForce FX 5500, I was forgetting something: that this motherboard has a onboard video card Intel 82865G.

So I tried again, this time with one screen connected to the AGP nVIDIA card and another screen connected to the onboard Intel card.  The first try got the same crash result - but then I entered the BIOS Setup Utility, accessed the "Advanced" screen, and changed the "Init. Graphic Adapter Priority" from having Onboard in the last place to have it on the first place.  This way there are no glitches, the nVIDIA monitor is left without image, but the VGA monitor displays the desktop all right.  So, it is a problem strictly related to nVIDIA GeForce FX 5500 drivers.  And if you have more than one video card, remember to access BIOS to change their priority.

Maybe if I install Ubuntu now, later I will be able to get the nVIDIA card working properly.


How to configure SSH Server - Password doesn't work when remotely connecting

Try to delete the user and start from scratch recreating it with the root user using:

First to delete

userdel username

Then to recreate

adduser username

is going to ask you to set the Password, then the User Information, that should leave you with a home, bin and ssh directories.

then you probably want to add it to the sudo group since you intend on using it remotely for SSH access, so go:

usermod -aG sudo username

that should leave you with a functional user you can sudo with and log into the server locally or remotely via ssh.

Hope it helps.


Color adjustment for 100 jpg files: Fast workflow for save+next

I think darktable is a valuable option here, you will find it in the Ubuntu Software Center or you can install it in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install darktable

Here is the work-flow I would suggest:

Import images

Import the images you want to edit by using the top left Import menu:

Mark you favorite modules

Double click on an image thumbnail to switch to the darkroom. On the bottom right choose your favorite modules buy using the drop-down menu more modules:

Stared modules are in the "Favorite" tab.

Edit your images

Go to your favorite modules by clicking on the star icon just below the histogram, edit your image by adding points to the curve etc. (right click on the sliders to get cool UIs, or just type in the value directly!)

When you are done with one image, just double click on the next image in the bottom photo strip.

Faster tweaking

When the same (or near) processing can be applied to several images, switch back to the lighttable (top menu).

Select your image by single clicking the thumbnail. Use the history stack to copy some modules parameters:

After that select the destination images and hit the paste or paste all button in the history stack menu.

Export your images

When you are satisfied with the images go back to the lighttable and use the export menu in the right panel, select the images you want to export first (Ctrl+A to select all):


I had this problem as well.  It looks to be a file-naming error in the script.

When I looked in Arduino-1.8.2 64/lib there was no file cc.arduino.arduinonoide.xml  but there was a file named arduino-arduinonoide.xml

I opened install.sh in the editor and changed RESOURCE_NAME=cc.arduino.arduinoide to RESOURCE_NAME=arduino-arduinoide and saved the changes.

When I re-ran ./install.sh in the terminal it ran without a hitch.

By the way, to make your like easier in future, I'd also move the Arduino-1.8.2 64 folder to the  /opt/ directory before installing. So run the following sequence of commands:

Navigate to your downloads folder:

cd ~/Downloads

edit the install.sh script as described above to correct the problem with RESOURCE_NAME:

cd arduino-1.8.2 64
nano install.sh

Make the changes as explained above, then save and exit.

Move the installation folder and then navigate to the new folder:

cd ..
sudo mv arduino-1.8.2 64 /opt
cd /opt/arduino-1.8.2 64/

Make install.sh executable:

chmod +x install.sh

and then run the script:

./install.sh

The Arduino IDE should now be installed and you should see the icon on your desktop.

UPDATE: I posted about this error on the Arduino forum.  It seems this was a known issue and will be fixed in release 1.8.3


Netscan (for windows) is a very handy tool for browsing lan. There is a similar application for linux too, named ---ShareScanner (netscan for linux). You can download it from:

http://sharescanner.net84.net

The site contains 32 and 64 bit debian and rpm packages for easy installation. It is actually a gui for smbclient.


why is emacs allowing multiple instances?

You are always allowed to start another instance.  If you don't want to start another instance, then run emacsclient instead of emacs and the file will be opened in the current instance instead.


Installation MScore fonts: first not found and not extracted, perhaps not fixed

It appears that ttf-mscorefonts-installer is not properly installed.

Run the following commands to reinstall the package:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install --reinstall ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Now, when you get to a screen that asks you to select <OK>, press TAB to highlight <OK> and then press the SPACEBAR to select the highlighted item and/or then press ENTER to continue.

Follow the same process for any screen that asks you to select <OK>.

Then, check the /usr/share/fonts/truetype/msttcorefonts/ directory to verify the install.

If that doesn't work, purge the package and reinstall it:

sudo apt purge ttf-mscorefonts-installer
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Follow the same process described above to select <OK> when prompted.

On my system, it is installed correctly. The files are downloaded to /usr/share/fonts/truetype/msttcorefonts/ and when I run: sudo dpkg-reconfigure ttf-mscorefonts-installer nothing happens.

Also, when I run sudo apt install --reinstall ttf-mscorefonts-installer, I get no errors and the message eventually says:

Preparing to unpack .../ttf-mscorefonts-installer_3.6ubuntu2_all.deb ...
mscorefonts-eula license has already been accepted
Unpacking ttf-mscorefonts-installer (3.6ubuntu2) over (3.6ubuntu2) ...
Setting up ttf-mscorefonts-installer (3.6ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for update-notifier-common (3.192.1.7) ...
Processing triggers for fontconfig (2.12.6-0ubuntu2.3) ...


How to make shell script restart Java if any thread crashes?

One of the more basic relationships between a program and the parent shell is the concept of an "exit code". This is a simple integer that —by convention— lets the shell know there was a problem.

Zero is "everything went fine", anything else is "omghoustonproblems". Again this is just a convention. Some things (eg grep -q ...) use the exit code to indicate if there was a match. Grep ran without error, but it's using the exit code to signal something else here.

Anyway, I assume if your Java app blows up to the point where it's segfaulting, or something else, it doesn't exit cleanly. So by extension the exit code it sends back to the parent shell is not zero. That makes it really easy to test:

while true; do
    sudo java -jar MyProgram.jar
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        // it exited cleanly, do something good
    else
        // it crashed out, do something else
    fi
done

If you want to exit the while-loop in one of those if clause-sides, insert a break.

Is running the Java program as root really a great idea? Who knows. I don't know who this outer script is being run as  so no judgement at this point but consider refactoring it out if you can.

The above is accurate but re-reading your question you might want to change how you pool your threads. It's been ~13 years since I did any threading work in Java and that was just academic but a number of things occur to me:

Divide-by-zero problems are avoidable by validating input.
They're also catchable. Don't let them crash the thread. Catch, log and move on.
A thread runner that lets threads crash without starting a new one is a rubbish one. Find something more robust.

The best solution isn't going to be cleaning up when things go wrong, it's going to be stopping them getting that far in the first place. It can be done.


Unable to activate VPN since last update

I just removed all connections from /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/, then rebooted, set up my connections again, and everything works


Executive summary

To answer the question "if there is a way", I would say that my guess is that, yes, it is theoretically possible. But the details of how to do it is a question for users more advanced than me. I'm also guessing that the solution wouldn't be very practical (both in implementation and usage)  and that it would be more efficient to repair/replace the touchscreen.

Explanation

Having said that, here's why I'm saying it's possible.

One of the properties of the device is a "Coordinate Transformation Matrix", which you can see and change with xinput. This matrix maps the physical sensors of the touchscreen to the screen locations of the display system. In normal operation, that matrix is the identity matrix, so the mapping is one-to-one (i.e., where you touch the screen is where the action is registered on the display). This matrix is used, for example, when you rotate the screen: together with the display output being rotated, the matrix changes to an appropriate rotation matrix so that the display output still matches where you physically touch the screen.

This means that you should also be able to define a more general transformation matrix that maps a small rectangular area on the physical screen to the whole display.

So it should be possible to write a program in your GUI that pops up a small, rectangular window (that's always on top so it won't disappear when you click somewhere else) and at the same time, runs xinput to update the Coordinate Transformation Matrix accordingly so that it maps the touchscreen sensors in that rectangular area to the whole display output.

To be clear, what I described up to here means it wouldn't work exactly like a touchpad. On a touchpad, if you put your finger at the bottom and drag it up, the cursor moves up; if you touch the bottom again and drag it up, the cursor would continue from where it was to go further up (i.e., it moves relatively to the point of contact). On the virtual touchpad I described, if you touched the bottom, the cursor would go to the corresponding part at the bottom of the display. To go further and make it behave like a touchpad, you could make the program change the matrix on-the-fly on each touch so that the contact point would match the current position of the cursor. But I'm guessing the response time would make this not really usable.

I don't know much about GUI programming, so this is not trivial for me, but it may be different for you. The other part, which is having your program calculate the correct matrix, involves some basic linear algebra. So you can judge how easy it is for you to implement a solution.

By the way, I've been talking about implementing this solution yourself because your problem is so specialised that I can't imagine there are ready-made tools out there; but I could be wrong!

To go even further, even if you did get something like I describe above, I can see two practical issues:

The virtual touchpad would consume a chunk of your display (but, perhaps, you could change the opacity of the touchpad window to semi-transparent in order to be able to use the display area under it).
Since you'd be mapping a smaller area to a larger area, depending on the sensor resolution vs your display resolution, it might not give you enough accuracy and fine control to make it practical.

In conclusion: repair/replace your touchscreen!


Cron uses a shell to run the commands. In that user's case that's /bin/sh, so for a line like:

* * * * * /bin/bash /some/script

Cron runs:

/bin/sh -c '/bin/bash /some/script'

If the shell set was /bin/bash, it would run:

/bin/bash -c '/bin/bash /some/script

Now why don't you see the bash -c process with bash? Bash, when given a single, simple command, directly execs the command instead of forking and execing:

$ strace -fe clone,execve bash -c 'bash foo.sh'
execve("/bin/bash", ["bash", "-c", "bash foo.sh"], [/* 15 vars */]) = 0
execve("/bin/bash", ["bash", "foo.sh"], [/* 15 vars */]) = 0
clone(Process 466 attached
child_stack=0, flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|SIGCHLD, child_tidptr=0x7f93bda10a10) = 466
[pid   466] execve("/bin/true", ["/bin/true"], [/* 15 vars */]) = 0
[pid   466] +++ exited with 0 +++
--- SIGCHLD {si_signo=SIGCHLD, si_code=CLD_EXITED, si_pid=466, si_status=0, si_utime=0, si_stime=0} ---
+++ exited with 0 +++

With dash, which is /bin/sh:

$ strace -fe clone,execve dash -c 'bash foo.sh'
execve("/bin/dash", ["dash", "-c", "bash foo.sh"], [/* 15 vars */]) = 0
clone(Process 473 attached
child_stack=0, flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|SIGCHLD, child_tidptr=0x7f7f31650a10) = 473
[pid   473] execve("/bin/bash", ["bash", "foo.sh"], [/* 15 vars */]) = 0
[pid   473] clone(Process 474 attached
child_stack=0, flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|SIGCHLD, child_tidptr=0x7f408d740a10) = 474
[pid   474] execve("/bin/true", ["/bin/true"], [/* 15 vars */]) = 0
[pid   474] +++ exited with 0 +++
[pid   473] --- SIGCHLD {si_signo=SIGCHLD, si_code=CLD_EXITED, si_pid=474, si_status=0, si_utime=0, si_stime=0} ---
[pid   473] +++ exited with 0 +++
--- SIGCHLD {si_signo=SIGCHLD, si_code=CLD_EXITED, si_pid=473, si_status=0, si_utime=0, si_stime=0} ---
+++ exited with 0 +++

You can see the extra clone here.


How to change the icon for Network Monitor Applet?

There is a very simple way to do what you wish without root privileges or even overwriting anything.  As you know, your icon themes are located in /usr/share/icons.  Simply go to your icon theme directory and locate the icon(s) you wish to replace, taking note of their locations.

In your home folder there is a hidden directory called .icons.  In Nautilus you can hit Ctrl+H to see it.  Any icons you put in this directory will be treated as icons are treated in /usr/share/icons.  The only catch is that icons places in the .icons folder available only for that user.  Also programs run as superuser, like Synaptic, will not reflect any changes in theme-ing added to your home folder.

A way to solve that is to symbolically link ~/.icons (and ~/.themes if you want) to the corresponding folders in /root.

If you wanted to do that you could put this in terminal:

sudo ln -s ~/.icons /root

That will make your user themes globally available without needing root privileges at all.  But that's beyond the scope of the question and I'm babbling.

I will use the Mint-X icon theme and the application Blender as an example.

When I navigate to
/usr/share/icons/Mint-X/apps/48 I see a Blender icon.  But I would like
to replace it with a custom icon.
I then go to ~/.icons and recreate
the same directory hierarchy, staring with "Mint-X":
~/.icons/Mint-X/apps/48
Then I put my custom Blender icon in
the new "48" folder.
And finally, I open the Appearance Preferences
Window, select a different icon
theme, and reselect Mint-X so it
reloads (sometimes it happens live
and you don't even need to reload the
theme).

Now instead of the Blender icon in /usr/share/icons/Mint-X/apps/48 I see the one in ~/.icons/Mint-X/apps/48 used in apps and menus that use the 48x48 sized Blender icon.

Keep in mind that everything is case sensitive and must match each other exactly for this trick to work!

There a few other ways to do this without overwriting anything in an icon theme, but this is by far the simplest.  Also, just putting your custom icon in ~/.icons often works (the Twitter client Hotot is an example).

I recommend learning what the index.theme files do.  Those files control what places your system looks to decide which icons to use, what to name the theme, etc.  Open one up in Gedit and have a look, it's pretty simple!

The way I do it is by keeping a custom theme in ~/.icons that I always use (to make sure panel icons are the correct colors, mostly).  I make up an index.theme file (you can copy one rather than write a whole new one, but make sure your folder locations correlate!) and just have it "inherit" the new theme I want.

So if I wanted to use the Elementary icon theme instead of the Faenza-Dark one I would change the line

Inherits=Faenza-Dark

to

Inherits=Elementary

So in turn, by inheriting Elementary I will also inherit whatever Elementary inherits, but my icons will always come first.

Hope that was helpful, time for bed!


Dealing with three Windows partitions in dual boot installation

I'd personally just resize Windows7_OS, leaving a gap between it and Lenovo_Recovery. Then just install Ubuntu in the space using the "alongside existing operating systems" option in the graphical installer.
I can't see any reason to run around deleting the recovery partition.
But remember: Back-up anything you can't reinstall.


How to replace Nautilus with Nemo in Gnome 3

Based on here,

After Nemo file manager installation, set Nemo as default File-Manager and allow desktop handling by Nemo open Terminal (Press Ctrl+Alt+T) and copy the following commands in the Terminal:

xdg-mime default nemo.desktop inode/directory application/x-gnome-saved-search
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons false
gsettings set org.nemo.desktop show-desktop-icons true

Now enter this command in terminal to check that now Nemo is your default file manager :

xdg-mime query default inode/directory

If you want to go back with Nautilus as default File Manager try these commands:

xdg-mime default nautilus*.desktop inode/directory application/x-gnome-saved-search
gsettings set org.nemo.desktop show-desktop-icons false
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true


What does "file $(grep –irl crud /usr/src/linux-2.4)" mean?

Let's break this down. First, the $(command) format is called "command substitution". It is a way of returning a command's output, essentially creating a variable whose value is the output of that command. For example:

$ echo foo
foo
$ var=$(echo foo) ## set the output of 'echo foo' to the variable $var
$ echo "$var"
foo

Now, in this case, the command being run is grep -irl crud  /usr/src/linux-2.4. To understand what that means, run man grep and see what each of those three (i, r and l) options does:

   -i, --ignore-case
          Ignore case distinctions in  both  the  PATTERN  and  the  input
          files.

   -r, --recursive
          Read all files  under  each  directory,  recursively,  following
          symbolic  links only if they are on the command line.  Note that
          if  no  file  operand  is  given,  grep  searches  the   working
          directory.  This is equivalent to the -d recurse option.

   -l, --files-with-matches
          Suppress normal output; instead print the  name  of  each  input
          file  from  which  output would normally have been printed.  The
          scanning will stop on the first match.

Taken all together, that means "recurse through all the files in /usr/src/linux-2.4 and search through each of them case-insensitively for the word crud, then print the names of any files that match".

So, that command will print a list of file names containing the word crud. Because we are running file $(grep . . . ), this means that the command file (which prints out the file type and some information about the file in question) will be run on each of the files returned by the grep.

Putting it all together, that command will print out the basic file information about all files in /usr/src/linux-2.4 containing the string crud. On my 14.04 machine, that returns:

$ file $(grep -irl crud /usr/src/)
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.16.0-77/include/linux/pktcdvd.h:                   C source, ASCII text
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.16.0-77/arch/arm/mach-sa1100/include/mach/cerf.h:  ASCII text
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-108/include/linux/pktcdvd.h:                  C source, ASCII text
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-108/arch/arm/mach-sa1100/include/mach/cerf.h: ASCII text
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-46/include/linux/pktcdvd.h:                   C source, ASCII text
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-46/arch/arm/mach-sa1100/include/mach/cerf.h:  ASCII text
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.16.0-30/include/linux/pktcdvd.h:                   C source, ASCII text
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.16.0-30/arch/arm/mach-sa1100/include/mach/cerf.h:  ASCII text


Now I'm sure it's this: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/speech-dispatcher/+bug/1736222

My workaround was to uninstall the speech-dispatcher package:

sudo apt remove speech-dispatcher

This also worked on Fedora (with dnf instead of apt).


To restore your sources list you can simply paste the following into /etc/apt/sources.list:

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner


Unable to install Cassandra on Ubuntu 16.04

This was a problem of conflicting repositories. I had some repositories pointing to Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise). Based on this answer https://askubuntu.com/a/260695/108492

Once i removed them and ran

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install

It worked fine

Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 python-setuptools all 20.7.0-1 [169 kB]
Fetched 169 kB in 3s (47.0 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 348605 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../python-setuptools_20.7.0-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking python-setuptools (20.7.0-1) ...
Setting up python-setuptools (20.7.0-1) ...
Setting up python-cryptography (1.6) ...
Setting up python-zope.interface (4.3.2) ...

The cassandra installation after this also worked fine once the dependency was sorted.

This is the apt-cache policy after the successful installation

sudo apt-cache policy python-setuptools python-pkg-resources
python-setuptools:
  Installed: 20.7.0-1
  Candidate: 20.7.0-1
  Version table:
 *** 20.7.0-1 500
        500 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
python-pkg-resources:
  Installed: 20.7.0-1
  Candidate: 20.7.0-1
  Version table:
 *** 20.7.0-1 500
        500 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status


It is ok to delete found.000 folders range from ntfs partion?

These folders are created by the Windows Check Disk file system scans. They have nothing to do with Ubuntu. They may not have been visible on your Windows system, but they are visible on Ubuntu.
They may contain data rescued after a Windows system crash, so go through them in case you may miss something.


How to make software under mono and wine use the bookmarks of Nautilus when opening files

Currently, Wine and Mono cannot do this for the same reason - they implement their own file save/open dialogs, and those do not know about the Nautilus bookmark system.  However, your question has inspired me to investigate this issue in Wine upstream, you can follow the mailing lis thread here: http://www.winehq.org/pipermail/wine-devel/2011-December/093482.html


As you surmised in your comment the limitation is not with the software but with your battery not reporting correctly.

To clarify these software tools below will only measure power consumption on laptops when running on battery. For desktop or server machines the only current solution is an electronic watt-meter that plugs into the mains socket.

Power Statistics

In Ubuntu Precise 12.04 there is a new power statistics history window. This can be accessed by clicking the battery item in the application indicator menu then selecting Latop Battery tab.

Powertop

As mentioned by the OP this program provides information on per process/device power usage.

Powerstat

Another alternative that measures process/device power usage is powerstat that was written for Ubuntu by Colin King. There is a detailed review of its features on hecticgeek.com.

It can be installed from the PPA: ppa:colin-king/powermanagement


11.10 live cd not worked but try Ubuntu 10.04 LTS in live cd. Do not installed any packeges and updates. This working with me.

I have same error (11.10 is live cd) and (10.04 is installed & upgraded) distro.

But when im a tested 10.04 in LIVE CD, no OBEX error and im get my images my phones witch are4 Nokia 2720a-2.


How do I read line by line in a file using while loop, and in each iteration, grep each line to compare to a string?

Using a shell loop is unnecessary, as grep already iterates over lines:

grep '^[0-9]:  I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell' input.txt

If there's a matching line, it will be printed. [0-9] defines range of characters that will be matched. We can also extend that to longer numbers [0-9]*: (and I think with perl regex -P option that could be done as [0-9]+:).

If a shell loop is really necessary, we can use case statement for pattern matching

while IFS= read -r line; do
    case $line in
        *": I am good with programming in C") echo "Matched: $line";;
    esac
done < input.xt


installing external softwares in bootable Ubuntu in USB

Yes, you can install additional software in a pendrive created with that method and yes it can run in multiple computers but sometimes you can find hardware incompatibilities that will prevent you from running it.

I use quite often a USB hard disk with Ubuntu installed to repair Windows computers and it boots most of the time. If I should give a number, based on my faulty memory and personal experience, it could run 9 out of 10 times.


Start every or specified applications maximized in budgie?

The user unfortunately has little control on how an application is started. It is not possible to start a program along with instructions on how the window should be sized.

In many cases, the application remembers its window state. Thus, if you start Firefox, maximize it and then close it, the next time, Firefox will start maximized. It works similar for the File manager, Editor, ...

In some cases, applications may provide command line options to control the window size on startup. In other cases, a window size on start-up may be stored in a config file.

Finally, utilities such as devilspie and devilspie2 allow to define rules for specific windows. Thus, they allow to maximize a window automatically as it is created (such as when the application is first started, or a new window is created).


MTA is mail transfer agent. When you enter

crontab -e

add a line

MAILTO=""

I am not sure it helps.

Anyway, any output to standard output is sent by e-mail if you run it in cron.


How do I install openlierox on Ubuntu 16.04?

In RHEL, yum and rpm have a similar relationship to apt and dpkg.  yum is the package manager that can look up packages from the repo, like apt, and rpm is like dpkg.

I mention this because yum has a localinstall option that installs all of the dependencies using repositories, and then installs the local .rpm file.

While apt does not have this functionality, dpkg will trigger those dependencies as needed, which means that apt becomes aware they are needed.

After you run your dpkg -i command, you can ask apt to fix the dependencies for you, and then try the install again:

apt-get install -f
dpkg -i /path/to/package.deb


Installing Ubuntu 12.04 on a new hard drive and booting from It

Open your BIOS.
Go to boot device priority
Both hard disk should be listed there, set your SSD above old hdd in priority.
Save and Exit. Now it should boot from your SSD.
run sudo update-grub. This will list your old OS in grub menu if you want so.


SFLphone 1.3.0 microphone on Ubuntu 14.04 not working

check in edit->preferences on audio tab, which audio system is selected alsa or pulseaudio. On my 14.04 lts SFLphone phone install pulseadio was selected by default and mic did not work. After changing to alsa everything works ok.


How to install Qt designer for pyside development if you already have Ubuntu sdk?

install this package:

sudo apt-get install qt4-designer


If the command sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm not work, edit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf file with your favorite editor:

gksudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

Make sure the greeter-session is the unity-greeter, then restart.

greeter-session=unity-greeter

If the problem continue then give a try to this command:

sudo apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confnew" install --reinstall lightdm


Ubuntu 17.10 clean install, flickering screen

By default, Ubuntu 17.10 uses Wayland as a display server instead of X.org.

Wayland is pretty new and therefore has a lot of corner cases that need to be addressed (in fact, that's why the team behind Ubuntu decided to put Wayland by default, in order to find more bugs to be fixed later), but the good news is that it's possible to easily switch back to using X.org for the time being.

At the login screen, there is a little cog icon. Press it and you should have an option to use X.org instead:


Add GRUB menu item to boot into terminal

One

Open the file /boot/grub/grub.cfg and find the section that boots your "regular" Ubuntu.

For me this is:

menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-b8f25f1e-a169-4aaa-9f05-90e49359d865' {
        recordfail
        load_video
        gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
        insmod gzio
        if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
        insmod part_gpt
        insmod ext2
        set root='hd0,gpt2'
        if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  b8f25f1e-a169-4aaa-9f05-90e49359d865
        else
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b8f25f1e-a169-4aaa-9f05-90e49359d865
        fi
        linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.13.0-39-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=b8f25f1e-a169-4aaa-9f05-90e49359d865 ro
        initrd  /boot/initrd.img-4.13.0-39-generic
}

Copy that section to a new file, say textmode.txt.

Two

Go to /etc/grub.d and create (or edit) the file 40_custom.

Copy the following "header" to the file:

#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.

Add the menuentry from textmode.txt to the file but change some values (see below):

menuentry 'Ubuntu (text mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-b8f25f1e-a169-4aaa-9f05-90e49359d865' {
        recordfail
        load_video
        gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
        insmod gzio
        if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
        insmod part_gpt
        insmod ext2
        set root='hd0,gpt2'
        if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  b8f25f1e-a169-4aaa-9f05-90e49359d865
        else
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b8f25f1e-a169-4aaa-9f05-90e49359d865
        fi
        linux   /vmlinuz root=UUID=b8f25f1e-a169-4aaa-9f05-90e49359d865 systemd.unit=multi-user.target ro
        initrd  /initrd.img
}

The values that must be changed are:

The menuentry text: change it from 'Ubuntu' to 'Ubuntu (text mode)' (or whatever you like to appear in the menu)
The linux line: change it to linux   /vmlinuz root=UUID=... systemd.unit=multi-user.target ro. Make sure the UUID stays the same.
The initrd line: change it to /initrd.img

Make sure you have symlinks in your / directory from /vmlinuz and /initrd.img to the current versions. This is the default, anyway.

Three

Run

sudo update-grub

The difference between this approach and this answer to a very similar question is that in recent versions of Ubuntu the line

linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-31-generic root=UUID=... ro quiet splash $vt_handoff

needs to be replaced with

linux   /vmlinuz root=UUID=... systemd.unit=multi-user.target ro

I'm not sure what recent actually means but I guess it's 16.04 when systemd was introduced.


Problem after upgrading ubuntu 10.10 to 11.04 : Wireless is dissabled by hardware switch on ACER 4736

"Wireless is disabled by hardware switch" means that you have some switch or button on your laptop with which you can enable and disable Wlan. And somebody has turned this thing of. So just turn it on again!


This is a classic example of why not to parse the output of ls.
In fact, it's not grep that is separating the result by spaces - the command substitution pdffiles=$(ls | grep .*\.pdf ) creates a single string which the subsequent for pdf in $pdffiles breaks up into space-delimited tokens.
Instead use a shell glob to construct an array:
#!/bin/bash

cd ~/Downloads

shopt -s nullglob

pdffiles=( *.pdf )

for pdf in "${pdffiles[@]}"
do
  echo "$pdf"
done

See also

bash pitfall #1

Why not parse ls (and what to do instead)?


Ubuntu 13.04 indicator-datetime-service loads 100% CPU

As described in Ubuntu Bug #774071, in my case it helped to substitute default dependency of geoclue-provider virtual package.
My Solution
I installed geoclue-ubuntu-geoip package to replace the existing
geoclue-yahoo package (which I uninstalled).
Probably the Yahoo Maps admins noticed high load of their geolocation service or maybe their devs changed something, which resulted in geoclue-yahoo not working correctly.
For this work I've used a text-mode package manager:
aptitude

Because I know it handles missing dependencies quite well and suggests solutions, for example to install one of packages to satisfy some dependency.
One can also use a graphical package manager:
synaptic

To select any other package that is listed in geoclue-provider - and there are many:
geoclue-ubuntu-geoip
geoclue-gypsy
geoclue-gsmloc
geoclue-gpsd
geoclue-yahoo
geoclue-skyhook
geoclue-plazes
geoclue-manual
geoclue-localnet
geoclue-hostip
geoclue-geonames


Just add this ppa to your sources:

 ppa:mercurial-ppa/stable-snapshots


How to convert my video into a file which can be viewed in movie player with ffDiaporama?

It seems you are saving the project (an XML file with extension .ffd). What you need is to "render video", which can be done by clicking the 'Device type', 'Lossless' or the 'Advanced' button from the Render tab.

Check the corresponding How-to (available in several languages).


Security Updates make server software not work anymore

Do the automatic Security updates update apache , tomcat and myql etc... too?

If you installed those daemons from the Ubuntu package system (with apt on the command line, a GUI like the Software Center etc.), there will be updates for them as well (as long as the respective Ubuntu version gets updates). It may take a day or two longer, because after the project (for example the Apache HTTPd people) released a new version, the updated Ubuntu packages need to be built and tested.

If you installed the daemons from some other source, updates (security or otherwise) are up to you.

  Is there a chance that the security updates make my wordpress sites or tomcat applications not work properly anymore?

In German, we have the saying "Man hat schon Pferde vor der Apotheke kotzen sehen", which translates to about "People have seen horses barf in front of the drug store". The gist of it is, even the most unusual things can still happen. So yes, there is a chance that a security update interferes with your applications. But I'd reckon that chance is very small. The risk could be increased by several factors

Maybe you deviated from Ubuntus standards and defaults in your setup
Maybe you're running older applications that are no longer maintained
Maybe you're running applications that are less common. If, say, a MySQL security updates breaks WordPress, there are likely a whole bunch of people looking into it, and fast. Smaller projects may be less agile to react to problems. With WordPress (or Drupal, for example), I'd take plugins, modules etc. into account, as well.

  Is it worth to get automatic email notifications about automatic installed security updates so i can check when apache is updated that wordpress or something else is still running properly?

I'd reckon the notifications worth my time in any case, if only to let me rest easy at night.

  Or are Security Updates to 99% fine and i shouldn't worry.

Security updates are to 99% fine, but it doesn't do harm to throw a glance at the updated machine, just in case.


Unable to resolve sh: 1: cannot create /tmp/vcsSemKey_ServiceId: Permission denied

I got it fixed by deleting all the packages related to the fingerprint sensor using Synaptic Package Manager. The terminal had already  gotten too much buggy to fix the issue from there.


How to display the heads, sectors/track and cylinders information of Ubuntu16.04?

In 16.04 you need to add the -u parameter to display the disk geometry:

fdisk -l -u=cylinders


I think you have to run apt-get update first. Also it'll be better if you can provide your  source.list by running cat /etc/apt/sources.list in terminal . So that we can see if there are something missing in your package source.

For now,  you can try something  like this.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install likewise-open


Run :
sudo depmod

It will check all the module dependencies and updates the file /lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/modules.dep.


usb wifi is blocked by the hardware wifi switch

I had a very similar issue with an old Sony Vaio. Having tried rfkill options I could see that the built in wi-fi adapter was hardware blocked (the switch stopped working Loooooong ago) but there were no such blocks on my USB wi-fi dongle even though my connections menu showed that both were disabled by a hardware switch.

Additionally, I even tried checking my BIOS to try to disable the hardware in general.

I finally found that blacklisting the built in hardware seemed to do the trick. Unfortunately, the process had to be pieced together by researching a bunch of different subjects as I could not find one set of steps to do this. Here's how I found the module to disable and how to blacklist it

Use the following command in Terminal to get a list of hardware modules in use:

  lspci -v

Scroll through the list until you find the appropriate hardware

Note the exact value named after the line beginning with

  Kernel driver in use:

In Terminal, use the following command line to edit your blacklist

  sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

At the bottom of the blacklist, insert a new entry following the convention of the ones above. I included a comment in mine for future reference. (Could not get this to blockquote correctly...there are not actually spaces between each line in my blocklist)

  # Built in Wireless adapter hardware switch will not turn on. Disables

  # USB wifi adapter. Hopefully blacklisting will prevent this from happening.

  blacklist iwl3945

Save the blacklist.conf file

Reboot

At this point, my built in Wi-Fi adapter is not loading at all and all I see with rfkill list is as follows (Only one wireless adapter!), and I am able to connect to my wireless network correctly.

  0: phy0: Wireless LAN

  Soft blocked: no

  Hard blocked: no

Hope that helps!


Black screen after select installing on a Dell Inspiron 14z

Try booting Ubuntu without UEFI or Secure Boot. After that, you should be able to install it. If not, boot to the live CD (Try Ubuntu without installing) instead and install from there. Once you have installed, you may not be able to boot Ubuntu. Run this code from a live CD:

sudo apt-get install boot-repair
sudo boot-repair

Choose the recommended repair and follow the instructions boot-repair gives you, then reboot. You should be able to boot into Ubuntu.


Gtk.MessageDialog window parameter problems

Try the widget.get_toplevel() method to find the parent window.


As htorque said, it looks like there is a bug in the drivers for the GeForce FX.

Until that bug is fixed, you can either use Unity 2D or use Classic Gnome.


What's bare minimum to enable networking on 20.10 / 20.04 (Base)

OK, to answer my own then... But please, if someone has even better way, do post your alternative!
Anyway, I had to do these preparation steps (for Ubuntu Base as such):

prepare disk & partitions
untar ubuntu-base-20.10-base-amd64.tar.gz
open chroot and in it run following command
apt-get install -y linux-image-5.8.0-28-generic initramfs-tools init dbus iproute2 sudo nano openssh-server --no-install-recommends
while still in chroot add user and group membership with useradd and addgroup
install and setup syslinux as bootloader
copy vmlinuz and initrd.img to where syslinux expects them

Then to have correct network configuration after I exit chroot and reboot, add these:
(echo [Match]; echo Name=enp0s10f0; echo [Network]; echo Address=10.10.2.101/24; echo Gateway=10.10.2.99; echo DNS=8.8.8.8) > /mnt/root/etc/systemd/network/00-wired.network
And
systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
Unmount, cleanup (apt clean), and reboot.
This process results in just under 400MB installation, and takes about 10 minutes (limited to network speed and my slow overburdened virtualization host).
After reboot I am greeted with login prompt as expected, can login with user and password I selected with useradd, can do sudo, and then can do apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y and all will go through without errors.
I did go step further to confirm no surprises would follow, and installed xserver, openbox, and chromium (from Debian repo), created another user, tried to ssh to the system, check and change settings with ip, you can then install dhcp-client afterwards and change the conf file to let DHCP take over, etc, and everything worked. I even squashed that whole partition next, and live-booted from it, everything working.
Now THAT can be called usable system. But those three lines in bold (apt install, 00-wired.network and enable systemd-networkd) are quite necessary, and not mentioned in any of the old guides and wikis (no wonder, those date from version 6 and similar).
To be exact, what's missing from those older guides is:

you need to install: init, dbus, iproute2 and sudo
those will pull other important (missing) hard dependencies such as: systemd, systemd-sysv, udev
you need at least one working config in: /etc/systemd/network/*.network
you need to enable service: systemd-networkd.service

Again, I know guides are (heavily) outdated, but unless you make workarounds, Ubuntu 20.10 isn't really Ubuntu 20.10 without systemd, and you can't really use apt without sudo (unless you disregard official ways of root being disabled, or similar). Only with these few elements added, can you really feel like you are in a minimal and functional (and, ahem, current) Ubuntu installation, with systemd, working network, and apt that can pull packages from official repos.
Hopefully someone notices and updates official wiki.


Bootloader issue with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS server

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair

run sudo apt updateto update APT package manager.

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

open boot-repair and go to the Advance options
select main Option and select the grub reinstall option
apply

try this it may be helpful

thank you


Weird Text Boxes Showing in Gedit and Bluefish Editor, as well as Firefox

Try searching and replacing these characters in the source code:

‘ and ’ replace with '
“ and ” replace with "


Where can I find documentation about the python charm helpers?

Python charmhelpers api reference. Although this seems to be a bit outdated.

You can also look at other charms written in python or check out the charmhelpers code itself.


How to get back menu bar in Kile after switching to LXDE?

In ~/.kde/share/config/kilerc, look for the section [KileMainWindow], and within that look for the line menubar=Disabled. Change Disabled to Enabled or delete this line.

Thanks to @fossfreedom for suggesting looking in ~/.kde/share/config/kilerc.


How to upgrade to PHP 5.5.25(The Latest Stable Released Version of PHP) on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64-bit OS?

At the time of the question, PHP 5.5.25's package was broken on the repository.

Quoting Ondřej Surý's comment to the question:

  JFTR launchpad team broke alternative dependency handling (there was locales-all | language-pack-de before) between php 5.5.24 and 5.5.25 [...].

Thanks to hbdgaf, who kindly asked Ondřej Surý about this on Launchpad, and thanks to Ondřej Surý, who kindly fixed this, quoting Ondřej Surý's response:

  Lovely, launchpad broke it the builds.

  I have patched the packages to not depend on locales-all.

  Cheers,
  Ondrej

The package is now fixed and you should be able to install it using sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade php5.


Duplicity (Duply) over SCP very slow. What to look for?

duplicity 0.7 is not maintained anymore. might be fixed in 0.8.

default duplicity ssh backend uses paramiko. might be a bug in there. check for a more recent version.

alternatively try sftp:// if possible or switch to another ssh backend as explained in the man page

http://duplicity.nongnu.org/vers8/duplicity.1.html#sect26 a Note on Ssh Backends

http://duplicity.nongnu.org/vers8/duplicity.1.html#sect7 section SCP/SFTP access

..ede/duply.net


Need to extract a substring from a file path string including the delimiter

Besides sed, you also have the option of using grep for this, with the PCRE regex ^.*?\.jar:

grep -oP '^.*?\.jar' <<<"test1/test2/Test.jar/Test2.jar/com/test/ui/GI.class"

This prints only the match (-o), uses PCRE (-P), and matches text that:

starts at the beginning of the line (^), and
contains any character (.),  any number of times but matched lazily (*?),
followed by a literal . character (\.) and jar (jar)

Using the lazy quantifier *? instead of the usual greedy quantifier * causes grep to match the fewest characters possible.

Without it (and with the greedy quantifier instead), grep would match as many characters as possible so long as the match ended in .jar, which would fail to stop after the first .jar in cases where there is more than one.
The -P flag is required because, of the regex dialects grep supports on Ubuntu, PCRE is the one that supports laziness. (This dialect is very similar to the regex dialect in Perl.)


777 is a bad permission in general and I'll show you why.

Despite how it may look in a Casino or Las Vegas, 777 doesn't mean jackpot for you. Rather, jackpot for anyone who wishes to modify your files. 777 (and its ugly cousin 666) allow Read and Write permissions (and in the case of 777, Execute) to other. You can learn more about how file permissions work, but in short there are three groups of permissions: owner, group, and other. By setting the permission to 6 or 7 (rw- or rwx) for other you give any user the ability to edit and manipulate those files and folders. Typically, as you can imagine, this is bad for security.

Here's my example:

marco@desktop:~/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ cd ..
marco@desktop:~/Projects/AskUbuntu$ chmod 0777 20105
marco@desktop:~/Projects/AskUbuntu$ cd 20105/
marco@desktop:~/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ ls -lah
total 8.0K
drwxrwxrwx 2 marco marco 4.0K 2011-01-04 20:32 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 marco marco 4.0K 2011-01-04 20:32 ..
marco@desktop:~/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ touch test
marco@desktop:~/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ chmod 0666 test

So far I have created a folder and made a file with "bad" permissions (777 and 666). Now I'll switch into another user and try to manipulate those files.

marco@desktop:~/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ sudo su - malicious
malicious@desktop:~$ cd /home/marco/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105
malicious@desktop:/home/marco/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ ls
test
malicious@desktop:/home/marco/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ ls -lah
total 8.0K
drwxrwxrwx 2 marco marco 4.0K 2011-01-04 20:33 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 marco marco 4.0K 2011-01-04 20:32 ..
-rw-rw-rw- 1 marco marco    0 2011-01-04 20:33 test
malicious@desktop:/home/marco/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ touch bad
malicious@desktop:/home/marco/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ echo "OVERWRITE" > test
malicious@desktop:/home/marco/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ cat test
OVERWRITE

As this "malicious" user I was able to place files into the directory and inject text into already existent files. Whereas below, in a directory with 755 and files with 644, I am able to see inside files and directories but I can not edit the files nor create new ones:

malicious@desktop:/home/marco/Projects/AskUbuntu/20105$ cd /home/marco/Projects
malicious@desktop:/home/marco/Projects$ touch hey
touch: cannot touch `hey': Permission denied

For Apache permissions, you're going to want to stick to 0755 and 0644 (AKA umask 022) for folders and files respectively. This allows you, as the owner of the files, to edit and manipulate them while giving Apache the bare minimum levels of access needed to operate.


I have the same issue here.

  Ubuntu 18.04
  AMDGPU-PRO 18.30
  VEGA 56.

AMD GPU can play H.265 with 4K 60fps by using VAAPI hardware decoding,
but PRO can not do that. The explanation is all AMD decoding is not saved at libs maybe it's saving it in /mnt.  Hence the most players can not find the .so. https://forum.kodi.tv/showthread.php?tid=335740&pid=2776855#

I really want to use the PRO driver because the performance is real good and supports Vulkan  (2K 100fps on DOTA2). Now the circumstance is if you want to play 4K video, you must use the non-PRO driver, otherwise you need to use PRO driver when you want to play games.

If you have any solution in the future, please let me know.


Odd issue,Wubi Installation won't boot, when another ext4 drive is plugged?

Wubi uses grub4dos to boot (wubildr.mbr). The version of grub4dos is from around 2007 which is before ext4 was released. In any event, wubildr.mbr will hang whenever it encounters an ext4 partition.
The way it works is to search each partition (in BIOS order) for the file /wubildr (i.e. wubildr in the root of the partition). If it gets to the ext4 partition before it finds /wubildr, it will hang. So the solution is to copy /wubildr from your 320GB drive to the ntfs partitions on the 500GB drive, assuming it falls before the ext4 one - if not, the only way would be to add an entry to your other Ubuntu so that you can boot the Wubi install from there.


Why does tasksel exist when there are already meta packages?

Tasksel can't really express complex dependencies that include version comparisons, optional dependencies, alternative packages, conflicts, etc.

To give a simple example: the tasksel task dns-server installs bind9, while a meta-package could depend on bind9|pdns-server (and a bunch of other DNS servers, but this is just an example), which means installing one of the 2 listed packages fulfils the dependency.


Why doesnt the automatic updates work in xubuntu 19.10?

unattended-upgrades by default is only set up to install security patches. Regular updates are still up to you, and will pop up in the GUI or list when you run sudo apt update.

This doesn't necessarily mean that unattended-upgrades is not running properly.


How to create a limited use Lubuntu custom desktop?

I don't think you can get rid of it, since it's part of PCmanFM (Lubuntu's default desktop manager).

But you can replace it: right-click the desktop, then select Desktop Preferences > Advanced and tick Show menus provided.

This will use openbox's right-click menu.

You can then edit out any entries you don't want in:

/usr/share/lubuntu/openbox/menu.xml

By the way, to restore pcmanfm's menu, you must run this command in a terminal:

 pcmanfm --desktop-pref


Unable to re-install 16.04 after a failed update two weeks ago

Maybe the update "killed" somehow your computer. Send me the results from the Memory Test. Also check your hard disk on another computer to see if it works (the original & the new one). Also send me those results. :)

Regards,

Bajiru


Send all the traffic within a subnet through a machine

Let's start.

First add one more ethernet card to VM A. Configure new eth on VM A on different network with access to the rest on network, internet ...

Seup will be something like this

VM C

ip: 10.12.10.C
nm: 255.255.255.xxx
gw: 10.12.10.A

VM B

ip: 10.12.10.B
nm: 255.255.255.xxx
gw: 10.12.10.A

VM A

nic0 # eth card to the VM C and B

ip: 10.12.10.A
nm: 255.255.255.xxx

nic1 # new eth through will be route traffic out to rest of the network

ip: new_ip_from_different_range
nm: new_subnet_mask
gw: new_gw

Now we need to setup VM A to accept traffic from VM B and C.

The first thing to do is do enable IP forwarding. This is done either by using

echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Then, we will add a rule telling to forward the traffic

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i nic0 -o nic1 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i nic1 -o nic0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o nic1 -j MASQUERADE

On this way traffic from nic0 can go to rest of the network through nic1.

Replace nic1 and nic0 with real name of you interfaces.

Summary

All traffic from VM C and B will be routed to gateway witch is VM A on nic0.
You can monitor, intercept, change, redirect ... network packets and after
that route them through nic1 to the rest of network, internet ...

Edit 1

Topology

    |----------|
    |  VM C    |------
    |----------|     |
                     |   |----------|    nic0  |----------| nic1
                     |---|  switch  |----------|   VM A   |------
                     |   |----------|          |----------|
                     |
    |----------|     |
    |   VM B   |-----|
    |----------|

My answer is based on topology like I draw. All traffic for network 10.12.10.XXX will not be send to the gateway. Communication ends only on switch. Only traffic for any other network will be send to gateway.
VM A will not receive any packet when VM B and VM C have direct communication like ssh from VM B to VM C

Also nic1 can be in some range. Set nic0 without gateway and nic1 with gateway.

If you want all traffic, local and trafic to net, to go through VM A you must use arp poisoning.

Great software for this is Ettercap

You can install it with sudo apt-get install ettercap-graphical.

How to is here.

Edit 2 with elaborate

Arp poisoning is based on OSI layer 2 and completely is different the routing.
It's based on switch ASIC chip. Switch in ASIC chip pair ip and mac address.
Arp poisoning is technic to tell switch that is for any ip, in our example, mac address is mac address of nic0.

Ip configuration is

VM C

ip: 10.12.10.C
nm: 255.255.255.xxx
gw: 10.12.10.GW

VM B

ip: 10.12.10.B
nm: 255.255.255.xxx
gw: 10.12.10.GW

VM A

nic0

ip: 10.12.10.A
nm: 255.255.255.xxx
gw: 10.12.10.GW

In manual, I posted in Edit 1, you will see that after successful Arp poisoning. arp look like this

arp on VM C

Address                  HWtype  HWaddress           Flags Mask            Iface
xxx.xxx.xxx.A            ether   xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:aa   C                     eth0
xxx.xxx.xxx.B            ether   xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:aa   C                     eth0

arp on VM B

Address                  HWtype  HWaddress           Flags Mask            Iface
xxx.xxx.xxx.A            ether   xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:aa   C                     eth0
xxx.xxx.xxx.C            ether   xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:aa   C                     eth0

In direct communication when switch receive packet from VM B directed ip address to VM C, they look in arp table stored in ASIC chip and make decisions to send packet to xx.xx.xx.xx.xx.aa. This mac address belong your nic0 on VM A but switch do not known that. Your VM A receive packet, do something, and relay to VM C.

This is simplest way to explain you how Arp poisoning work.

Ettercap is one of my favorite tool :)


This feature hasn't been implemented yet in Empathy. See bug reports here:

Bug 565513; Bug 541156

However this can be achieved by creating a small empathy-uri-handler for this type of uri (I am working on it).

.

For Now:

You can do it in pidgin.

How can I open irc:// links in Pidgin from Chromium?

Open irc:// links in XChat from Firefox and Chromium

First Create purple-url-handler.desktop in /usr/share/applications as described in first question (above).
Then using the menu option Edit->Preferences->Applications Tab in Firefox select "purple-url-handler.desktop" for the "irc" content-type.

DONE!


Why do I have 2 IP addresses for the same computer?

Judging by the interfaces file in your comments, it looks like you may not have commented out the auto eth0 and iface eth0 inet dhcp lines.  If this is case (can't tell for sure from the formatting) your machine is setting a static IP for that interface first and then getting a second address from your router and assigning it to the same interface.  This is a legitimate and workable setup that shouldn't cause a ton of problems.  However, fixing it is only a matter of commenting out those last two lines.


Accidentally removed a drive shortcut from the Launcher. How do I put it back?

Now, if you want to reset the settings, run this command in a terminal:

gsettings reset com.canonical.Unity.Devices blacklist

Also works with Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.

Source: How can I remove launcher drive icons?


Ubuntu won't install grub to sdb even though it should. (UEFI)

I had a problem like this. The only way I achieved what I wanted (boot where I wanted it) was to install Ubuntu Server which is much more flexible as to where boot partition is and then installed the necessary GUI/desktop afterwards.


I suggest you download a new ISO for Ubuntu, and validate the ISO before you generate the LiveUSB by comparing checksums (alternate).

To do that in Windows, use the fciv app freely available from Microsoft, with the command FCIV -sha256 path\ubuntu-18.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso to compare against the value of the SHA256 checksum.  (Note: Canonical has a download glitch right now for the checksum, so an alternate 20G site, Princeton Mathematics, was used iinstead.)

Then, make the LiveUSB using a different USB drive, thereby eliminating the two most likely causes of your issue.


AwesomeWM returning to lightdm after trying to log in

When you tried editing rc.lua, were you trying to edit the system-wide one?  I'm guessing you didn't have proper permission to do so and then in Unity you used some GUI method that got around that.  That might have messed up the permissions on the config file so that you can't use it on login; either that, or there's a serious error in your config, although I've never had such a bad error it won't let me login.

Make sure you copy the default system-wide rc.lua to ~/.config/awesome/:

cp /etc/xdg/awesome/rc.lua ~/.config/awesome/

Then edit the local copy.  By the way, just because you got someone's rc.lua doesn't mean it will work for you.  It depends how much they've customized it.  After modifying your rc.lua, you should always run awesome -k first, before restarting Awesome.  This will check for basic errors in your configuration, although it's not a perfect check.


Xubuntu VM broken after power loss on host (Windows) machine. Stuck at GNU GRUB

What happens when you try to boot to a Xubuntu 17 ISO? I would suggest booting to the ISO and running the live mode and mount the file system and then from there rebuild the grub boot loader. I would suggest this website as guidance for rebuilding the boot loader if you don't know how.

How to Repair GRUB2 When Ubuntu Won't Boot | How To Geek

I Hope this provide some help.


jerky mouse control while running .jnlp file

Well, I found an answer to my lag problem when running .jnlp files.  I installed the gnome classic desktop and now the files run fine. Obviously, it was a memory problem.


After trying Ubuntu from a partitioned drive, Ubuntu keeps booting, instead of Windows

I later discovered the cause was because my windows drive partition wasn't active, instead it was the Ubuntu partition, so I used a windows cd to make the partition active by going through the command prompt.

Then I deleted the Ubuntu partition and re-installed ubuntu through a usb into this same parition...which worked quite alright for me. I didn't have to re-install a new windows again...the command prompt "diskpart" command saved me. :)


How much cache is tracker supposed to use?

By default is no limit to the amount of cache tracker will use, but you can set a limit as per https://askubuntu.com/a/465215/115155.

Credit to @muru


$ pkill marco
$ i3

Then log out and in again.
I don't know if it is a proper way to do this, but it works for me.


You have a GPT disk and no sign of a Windows boot loader installed on your EFI System Partition (ESP; your /dev/sda5), but Boot Info Script is reporting a BIOS-mode Windows boot loader installed on the disk's MBR. You do seem to have an EFI-mode version of GRUB on the disk. This combination makes me think that you started with an MBR disk, converted it to GPT, and installed Ubuntu in EFI mode. If I'm right about this, you won't get it to boot as it is, because Windows will boot only in EFI mode from a GPT disk, so you must first install an EFI boot loader for Windows. See this page for information on how to do this. You've already done much of what needs to be done, so you should be able to start with step 3.5 (although it refers to a backup created in step 3.1, so check it out, too).


If it helps, Try installing Skype Windows application on your system using Wine

sudo apt-get install wine

After Wine is installed, you can install  Skype on it.


Partial flicker/redraw problems on dual-monitor setup

My setup is approximately the same and I experienced the same issues with one display in potrait mode (I operate 3 displays though).

For me the solution was to follow the steps outlined here:
https://askubuntu.com/a/140635/880509

  In short: install and open "CompizConfig Settings Manager" and under "Utilities" > "Workarounds" enable "force syncronization between X and GLX". That fixed it for me...

Sometimes, the issue reoccurs after a restart, if that's the case deactivate and activate the setting in compiz and restart your machine.

Hope that help's.


Apt Dependency Problem: Packages in a PPA do not correctly depend on each other

The -1~ppa1 tells the system that this isnt -1, but rather a version that will be overridden by -1.  This therefore is not an issue with "version check", nor is it a mistake, it's by design.  The special ~ symbol in the version means "This version does not supercede version -1 of the same package, and may be superceded by version -1 of the package, or by a later upstream version release that gets packaged."

To do this, with the PPA, the version you see in that number would need to be 1.6.0-1 (within the PPA) in order for the system to recognize it as 1.6.0-1.

This is why packages such as PHP 5 release candidates get overridden when a stable release comes out (php 5.4.0-1~rc3 vs. php 5.4.0-1, where the rc3 is a release candidate and the non-rc3 is the stable)


When you overwrote Windows with Ubuntu, you also changed the file format. Luckily, you can recover files from an NTFS partition with a Ubuntu Live CD/USB. This page gives a rundown of how to do it.