First off all, Windows ISO's aren't hybrid, which means that you can't use dd to write them. Hybrid ISO's contain a Master Boot Record, which tells the BIOS where to look up the file in order to load the operating system installer. Since Windows ISO files do not have that information, only Linux ISO's do (most of the time), you've got two options:

You copy the files directly from the ISO file to the USB drive, onto an empty FAT32 partition, and use a UEFI-based computer. UEFI works diffently, it does not use a boot record. Instead of that it uses a boot.efi file, this file is most likely to be found in the USB:/boot/efi folder, and is named bootx64.efi.
If your system is older and dates back to 2010-2011, you might still have a BIOS, instead of UEFI. What you want do is install UNetBootin, you can do so by typing sudo apt-get install unetbootin, and installing gparted, by running sudo apt-get install gparted. Insert your USB drive, open the Devices menu in GParted, and choose "Create partition table", then choose MBR. Create a new partition with the FAT32 filesystem, close GParted, and start UNetBootin. Select the USB, the partition, and your ISO, then open up GParted again, but without closing UNetBootin. Format the recently created FAT32 partition to NTFS, then click Next in the UNetBootin window. When it's done creating the USB, you should be able to boot from it.


Error: Command '['/path/to/env/bin/python3.7', '-Im', 'ensurepip', '--upgrade', '--default-pip']' returned non-zero exit status 1

I am using python3.9. The command below solved the issue for me:
sudo apt-get install python3.9-venv


Fails to auto-mount device & Error mounting system managed device(Ubuntu 14.04)

As @Jos suggested, this is the bug Bug #1012081: util-linux needs updating to 2.24.2 and can be fixed by adding comment= in front of x-gvfs-show.


Partitions for Ubuntu and Windows 7 dual boot on SSD + HDD setup

Putting / in the SSD and Swap and /home in the HDD seems reasonable.

/ will contain the OS, all the applications, and any server related stuff that does not belong to a specific user. For example, if you run a web server all the data files for the server will be in /.

So how big / should be depends on what you plan to do with the box. For "normal" desktop use 15-30GB should be more than enough. This should be sufficient for the OS and all the applications you may install in the future.

The advantage of keeping the OS and applications in the SSD is speed. However, personal settings and preferences are stored in the /home. So for the fastest results you may want to keep the /home in the SSD as well and use symbolic links to the folders with large data, such as Documents, Pictures, Music, Videos, etc. See Setup for dual disk (SSD+HDD) with /home partition for some details.

Hope this helps


Using pip3-installed python 3 packages when apt-installed packages exist too?

This blog post explain the code logic behind this very well: How does python find packages?
Quoting it:

As the docs explain, sys.path is populated using the current working directory, followed by directories listed in your PYTHONPATH environment variable, followed by installation-dependent default paths, which are controlled by the site module.


I deleted my original user account. The new account has no password. How can I enable it?

This suggestion is based on a previous answer. It assumes you are using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.

Boot your computer to the GRUB boot menu. If necessary, press the shift key immediately after booting starts to force the GRUB menu to be displayed.
Select an entry which will boot into recovery mode.
The text graphics menu shown in the image below should appear. Use the up or down arrow key to select an entry.

Select root (Drop to root shell prompt) and press enter.

The system is currently mounted as read only. Enter the command below to remount your file system as read/write. This allows you to make changes.
mount -o remount,rw /
In your question you said you created a new username which does not have a password. Since I do not know what that new username is, I will use REPLACE-WITH-USERNAME to refer to it. Please replace REPLACE-WITH-USERNAME with your new username which is not working in the commands below.
Choose and create a password for this username with the command below.
passwd REPLACE-WITH-USERNAME
Use the command below to list all the groups this username is currently a member of.
groups REPLACE-WITH-USERNAME
If step (7) shows that the username is a member of the nopasswdlogin group, use the command below to remove it from this group.
gpasswd --delete REPLACE-WITH-USERNAME nopasswdlogin
In the unlikely event that you do not see the username itself listed in the output from the groups command in step (7), use the command below to add it and make it the primary login group for this username.
usermod -g REPLACE-WITH-USERNAME REPLACE-WITH-USERNAME
Note: Yes, the username is repeated twice. For example, if the username were joeuser  the command would be usermod -g joeuser joeuser
Use the command below to ensure the username is in all the default groups it should be. Note: Do not add spaces between the commas (,)
usermod -a -G adm,cdrom,sudo,dip,plugdev,lpadmin,sambashare REPLACE-WITH-USERNAME
Repeat the groups command in step (7) to verify that the username was correctly added to the groups.
Restart your system with the command below. (It can take a few seconds. Wait for it ...)
reboot
Login using the password you chose for the username in step (6).

I suggest also trying, for example, sudo fdisk -l to verify that sudo is working for you correctly.
I would also retry the groups command from step (7) to verify one last time that the username is a member of the groups it should be in. (Better safe than sorry, no?)


How do I convert from RAID1 to JBOD with btrfs?

I think you nailed it with;

btrfs balance start -dconvert=single /mnt

The system should start to work hard moving around the data into JBOD.  Yes, metadata will still be raid1 (at least if you configured it that way, which I'm assuming).  You could change that too if you want to live more dangerously with -mconvert tacked on.

Confirm the success showing raid levels of data and metadata with;

btrfs fi show

And your new storage utilization numbers with;

btrfs fi df /mnt

Though, as you said, you have a good backup worked out so don't care about redundancy why not raid0?  All the disks are the same size anyway. JBOD gives you flexibility to mix sizes down the road I guess...

See this response for more information.


I agree with the other answer and comments, that a persistent live system in a USB pendrive is not suitable for a long-time usage.

The flash hardware memory cells are sensitive to wear at write operations.
The electronics for spreading the wear in the pendrive are sensitive to corruption.
The overlay method of the persistent live system is sensitive to corruption (software error).
The original linux kernel and its hardware drivers will always be used. Updating and upgrading, that works in an installed system does not work here, because the kernel is started before the overlay system is started.
But a persistent live system is very portable between computers, which is an advantage, and if used carefully and with regular backups, it is can be a good alternative to an installed system for example

as a temporary operating system
during travelling without a computer; you can borrow computers and run your own operating system.

The following links and links from them may help to analyze the problems and maybe solve them.

Can't format my usb drive. I have already tried with mkdosfs and gparted - analysis of the problem and tips what to do
How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator) - detailed tutorial for an installed system in a USB drive
Pendrive lifetime - the linked post and the following post (about repair methods) in the same thread at the Ubuntu Forums
FSCK reports that filesystem still has errors - S.M.A.R.T. information for HDDs and SSDs (and advanced pendrives, not for regular pendrives). e2fsck for ext file systems in all kinds of drives


How to run Adobe illustrator Cs4 in Ubuntu 10.10

try play on linux. link -> http://www.playonlinux.com/en

This application uses wine to create a platform for windows applications, But the specialty in this application is it installs other necessary addons it self to run the specific application.(such as c++ pack , direct x, .net frame work , etc) . So you will not have to find answers to questions such as

  Do i need to install any other package with wine or something?


Making Broadcom BCM4313 driver gives error: implicit declaration of function ‘create_proc_entry’

First of all, I am using BCM4313 driver and I am writing this via wifi connected internet. All I did to get it worked is to install Additional Drivers which founds in Software & Updates. It installs STA driver for me. Sure you need to connect internet via ethernet cable.

Have a nice day and I'm here to help you again.


Does running a Minecraft server run with less lag on Ubuntu server than on Windows 7?

Ubuntu would be a superior choice for hosting a server based application, especially if you use the server edition of Ubuntu.  There would be less resources diverted to unnecessary things, like the desktop interface.  The downside is that it would be command line only.  You can always still go with Ubuntu desktop if you need a desktop interface.

To setup a Minecraft server with ubuntu, do the following:

Ensure that you have the necessary Java packages installed.

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre-headless

After you install Java, download either Bukkit or vanilla Minecraft server.  Bukkit allows you to install plugins for server customization.

To get Bukkit (latest beta version as of post date):

mkdir ~/minecraft && wget -O ~/minecraft/server.jar http://dl.bukkit.org/downloads/craftbukkit/get/01804_1.4.7-R0.1/craftbukkit-beta.jar

To get vanilla Minecraft Server:

mkdir ~/minecraft && wget -O ~/minecraft/server.jar https://s3.amazonaws.com/MinecraftDownload/launcher/minecraft_server.jar

Then, all you have to do is run Minecraft using this command:

cd ~/minecraft && java -Xmx1024M -Xms1024M -jar server.jar nogui

You can increase the allowed RAM usage by modifying the "1024" number in both locations in the previous command.  This will help performance if you can spare the extra RAM.

If you decide to use Ubuntu desktop, you can always get extra resources by stopping the desktop interface.  To disable: sudo service lightdm stop, and to enable: sudo service lightdm start.


Adding Hindi Fonts to Ubuntu Font Family

You can install fonts from terminal:

sudo apt-get install fonts-indic


How to run automatically Docky at lubuntu?

This is incredibly easy to do:

Right-click on the left-most icon on the Docky launcher, and click Settings. This opens a new window. At the top, make sure Start When User Logs In is checked.


Loading startup script files after vmlinuz is being loaded on Trusty Tahr

Once the kernel is loaded, it runs /sbin/init, which in Ubuntu is Upstart as of now. Then Upstart does its thing. The details of Upstart's working is a bit involved, and you should read the Upstart cookbook for more information, in particular the Startup section. Also have a look the section on boot process and init in the TLDP's Introduction to Linux.


How to install windows from Ubuntu 12.04 with no partition dedicated to Windows?

Using a Virtual Machine, for example with VirtualBox, and installing Windows on it it's a good and safe alternative; if your CPU supports VT-x it should run almost fast as a real machine.

But this way you will always have to start Ubuntu before start Windows, this generally it's ok, but depends on your needings.

So if you don't want to use virtualization, you should download a "Parted Magic" ISO image, burn on a CD, and boot from this : the GParted software included will let you resize and create partitions.


Are encrypted deja-dup backups resumable?

Deja-dup is a front-end for duplicity. An interrupted backup(encrypted or not) can be resumed without starting all over again, you only lose the progress of the last chunk/slice of the backup-chain. By default in deja-dup slices are of about 50M, so not much of a loss. Anyway if you've that much data to backup I'd suggest using a command-line tool with more options and flexibility (dar, rdiff-backup, or maybe duplicity itself)


Why doesn't System Settings remember my proxy settings?

I might be here completely wrong, but the proxy settings in Linux are stored in the http_proxy variable.. If that variable is set, then programs will use it as the settings..

For example, if one exports the variable:

   export http_proxy='http://username:password@proxy.address.com:8080'

and runs any programm requiring web, it should go through the proxy.

This does not answer your question though exactly (although if you place this line in your .bashrc file in your home, this might be a workaround for your problem).

I suppose you might need to extract the address/port from the pac file youself.. Access it from the browser and use the "save as" option..


ping between client to client not working


Lubuntu 14.04: Cannot start Power Manager

Thats normal behavior of xfce4-power-manager, if you get no response after you run this command the process is started. You can check it with this command:

ps aux | awk -v s="xfce4-power-manager" 'NR>1 && $11~s'

the output should be something like this:

username      8223  0.0  0.8  33344  4148 ?        Ssl  10:23   0:00 xfce4-power-manager

(Source)

If you want to change the settings of the xfce4-power-manager you have to run:

xfce4-power-manager-settings

or

xfce4-power-manager --customize

But its not normal that xfce4-power-managerdoes not autostart...

To autostart xfce4-power-manager this should help: Lubuntu: How do I autostart xfce4 power manager?

This could be also helpfull : xfce4-power-manager is not running by default with Lubuntu 13.10  (Bug)


iptables stores its information in RAM, meaning it's non-persistent. If you want to save/restore it at will, you'll need to use a couple commands.

First off, you would use iptables as normal to set up your rules the way you want them. Then, you can freeze these rules using something like:

sudo iptables-save | sudo tee /etc/iptables.conf

Then, to load your rules, it's a simple matter of running:

sudo iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.conf

You can add this to your /etc/rc.local or similar to have it run automatically at boot, or you can have your program call this executable (or just pass the same iptables rules over and over again).


For the hard drive part of the question, when doing things on a VM, you will make a virtual hard drive on the already existing file system. for example if you have windows as the host system, the virtual drive will just look like another file to windows, but in the VM it will be the hard drive for the VM. SSDs reallocate blocks as needed, so it shouldn't matter about the fact that the OS for the VM is running in all one file.

about you having 8gb of memory and not using a swap, that should work depending on how many programs/processes you have open. and remember that the Host machine OS and the Guest VM will both have to share the 8gb of memory, but how you divide that 8gb is up to you. If you want the full 8gb of memory to go to one OS, you might want to consider setting up your system as dual boot instead of using VMs.


Difference between dates in hour in bash

If the dates are in a file a one-per-line, like, say:

16-49-24-02-2016
16-49-25-02-2016

Then you could use awk:

awk -F- 'NR==1 {
  then = mktime(sprintf("%s %s %s %s %s 00", $5, $4, $3, $1, $2))
}
NR==2 {
  now = mktime(sprintf("%s %s %s %s %s 00", $5, $4, $3, $1, $2));
  printf "%s\n", (now - then)/3600
}' input.txt

The mktime function expects time in YYYY MM DD HH MM SS, so we split the given timestamp and convert it to that format (using 00 for seconds). The difference between the timestamps is in seconds, so we divide by 3600 to get the hours.


Is there a way to set up a VPN server without root access?

I can only speak about openvpn. There you have to use sudo even if you only want to connect to a vpn.


How to get Ubuntu Host to Register Hostname With DNS Server

Thank you to @Vidarlo.

I went back to my dhclient.conf file (/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf), where I had tried submitting the fqdn already, but I admittedly cut and pasted code I saw from other discussion forums. I had the following,

send fqdn.fqdn "myhost.my.corp.domain";
send fqdn.encoded on;
send fqdn.server-update off;

but the send fqdn.server-update should have been set to on.

Then, to release your lease with the DHCP server and get a new lease run the following commands:

sudo dhclient -r
sudo dhclient

And now it works!


Take a look at the unionfs-fuse package (available in Ubuntu releases since Jaunty).

sudo apt-get install unionfs-fuse

Also have a look at this bug report.

(Note: I am by no means knowledgeable about this subject, but hopefully I have provided some helpful links.)


3G modem is getting disconnected and not showing anymore in network manager icon

Open 'Network Tools".
Select 'Ping' tab.
Type www.google.com for the network address.
Select 'Unlimited requests'
Finally click PING!

Leave the window alone, and continue your work. This will keep your Internet connection busy, so the service provider (Airtel) can't drop your connection.


Ctrl + Alt + Backspace kills the GUI. You can try to restart it by restarting the corresponding daemon manually or just reboot.


A bit of Googling returns this:

  Add this to ~/.gtkrc-2.0.

 style "xfce-panel-window-style"
 {
   # Time in miliseconds before the panel will unhide on an enter event
   XfcePanelWindow::popup-delay = 225

   # Time in miliseconds before the panel will hide on a leave event
   XfcePanelWindow::popdown-delay = 350
 }
 class "XfcePanelWindow" style "xfce-panel-window-style"

Sources: Xfce Docs: Theming, ArchLinux Wiki: Xfce#Panel Autohide Delay


Manually installed packages appear in the Software Centre, along with all the others. Just search the software centre for your package and remove it there.

You may have to click on "Show N technical items"

Along with this, there are a few other methods:

Synaptic:

Go to System → Administration → Synaptic Package Manager
Click the Status button and select "Installed (local or obsolete)"
Right click a package and select "mark for removal".
Click the Apply button.

This will have the benefit of listing all of your manually installed packages:

Command Line

You can either use sudo apt-get remove packagename if you know the name of the package, or if you don't, search for it using apt-cache search crazy-app and then remove it using apt get
You can also use dpkg --remove packagename.

This will also let you know if there are any unneeded packages left on your system, which were possibly installed as dependencies of your .deb package. Use sudo apt-get autoremove to get rid of them.


You can uninstall them  with

sudo apt-get remove postgresql-9.3
sudo apt-get remove postgresql-9.6


Cannot edit the preferences of the Gnome-terminal

I think something messed up your home directory ownership and therefore gnome-terminal is not able to properly get and set configuration values.

Probably this was caused by running any kind of dconf editor or another application with sudo that changed some file ownerships.

The solution is very simple and can also be applied to a load of other problems:

Get back the ownership of all files and folders in your home directory:

sudo chown -R $USER: ~


Dual boot encrypted Ubuntu 13.04/12.04(option on installation CD) and Win7

Yes, it is possible.
For info, the following order is the easy way:

Install Windows
via Windows tools, reduce the Windows partition
install Ubuntu with the encryption option


Permission denied when deleting empty unity-tweak-tool config folder

This is related to permission over the folder. Even you are the only user on your PC this doesn't mean that you are the only user owning files there.

There are many other users which is called service users that may own files and directories.

so you have to check the permissions over this folder, you can use the command ls -l in the form:

ls -l ~/.config/folder-name

refer to my answer here to learn what the output means.

So now how to delete this folder?

you can use many options:

using root permission(sudo)
Changing permissions of the folder
changing ownership of this folder

Here i'll state how to use sudo :

just run the command from your terminal:

sudo rm -rf ~/.config/Folder-name

NB: Don't forget to replace folder-name with the name of the folder you want to delete


Ubuntu 16.04: Unity refuses to launch as of this morning

I fixed the problem by blowing away some stuff in ~/.cache. Specifically I renamed these 4 folders in ~/.cache:

apturl-gtk
com.canonical.certification.checkbox-touch
compizconfig-1
com.ubuntu.checkbox

Then restarted Unity with $ unity and saw that Unity launched correctly. I attempted to narrow down which one of the four solved the problem by restoring each folder one by one, but I was unable to recreate the original problem /shrug

My colleagues suspect that compizconfig-1 was the culprit.


Where can I find the changelog for Ubuntu Touch?

Ubuntu Touch generally follows a separate release schedule than the standard Ubuntu desktop and therefore information about its releases are published separately. Whenever a new OTA update is released an announcement e-mail is sent to the Ubuntu Phone mailing-list with changes information and LP milestone links.

I will try to formalise the release notes format so that everything is in one place - once that happens I will update this response. In the meantime, here's how things look like right now:

The mailing list archives:

https://lists.launchpad.net/ubuntu-phone/date.html

The current place for all changelogs/commitlogs for stable OTAs:

http://people.canonical.com/~lzemczak/landing-team/ota/

Per-image commitlogs for the -proposed channels (both stable and devel):

Devel (numbers based on mako images): http://people.canonical.com/~lzemczak/landing-team/ubuntu/vivid/
Stable (numbers based on krillin images): http://people.canonical.com/~lzemczak/landing-team/ubuntu-rtm/


How do I get to work my Atheros AR9485 Wireless card in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

Your wireless is blocked by the wireless switch or key combination; please see:

  Hard blocked: yes

Please try the key combination, Fn+F2 or similar and run again:

rfkill list all

Any change? If not, is the module asus_nb_wmi loaded? Check:

lsmod | grep asus

If so, please try:

echo "options asus_nb_wmi wapf=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/asus.conf

Reboot and see if your wireless key combination is working as expected.


How can I change the language in my Launchpad account?

That field, Languages, it is not for changing the site display language. That field is for your language preferences, which means:

  Your preferred languages are used to configure some Launchpad applications to work with the languages you know. Launchpad Translations allows you to translate a project into your preferred languages. Launchpad Answers allows you to ask and answer questions in your preferred languages. Launchpad's default language is English, which is the only language for most Launchpad features.

Source: https://launchpad.net/~thomas-produit/+editlanguages


Unable to install PHP 7.3 on Ubuntu 20.04

Perhaps the support wasn't available when you asked the question but all you need to do is as described in your Q.

Add ondrej PPA repository to your system.

sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt update

Install php7.3 and check it's installed.

sudo apt install -y php7.3
php -v

This also works for php 7.4, php7.2 and php5.6. Just change the relevant digits.


This method is not advised to be used without careful review. Read below comments.

This should completely remove any package with a name that starts with php and anything related to it.

sudo apt-get purge 'php*'

DON'T PRESS y UNTIL YOU ENSURE that in the removing packages list there are no other packages (besides related to php packages), like:

php-common* python-openssl* php-curl* ... and tons of packages

If so, type n, copy the list (& tidy up from the unrelated packages), and manually remove them:

sudo apt-get purge      php-common* php-curl*    ... and tons of packages


I finally got this working normally, though I don't know exactly how.

In TB, I moved all messages from the problem email folder into a new one, then I deleted the old one.

I ran grsync once or twice and got the same result.  But eventually the linux gods smiled on me and I don't get the error any more.


"Insmod normal" command returns "attempt to read or write outside of disk 'hd0'

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

If for some reason you can't do the above...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted and determine which /dev/sdaX is your Ubuntu EXT4 partition
quit gparted
open a terminal window
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdaX # replacing X with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


Dual Booting Ubuntu from Disc Error. Please Help

The problem could be due to any of the following issues:

Problem: After Ubuntu installation, Ubuntu (Grub loader) is not the first entry in BIOS boot manager.
Solution: change the boot order in BIOS so that Ubuntu is selected as first entry.
Hint: With certain Lenovo computers, you need to press novo key (near charging port) to enter BIOS after Ubuntu installation.
Problem: DVD is not recognized.
Solution 1: Create bootable image and burn DVD or create bootable USB (recommended) with Rufus.
Solution 2: change UEFI settings in BIOS and try again.
Problem: Ubuntu installation is not complete. Or Ubuntu Grub loader is corrupted.
Solution: Reinstall Ubuntu


How to install remastersys on ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

The documentation about remastersys can be found here.

Here is how to install remastersys, type the following in a terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mutse-young/remastersys
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install remastersys remastersys-gtk

Then to open the application, type in remastersys-gtk followed by Enter.


Linux Firewall NAT Port Forwarding Issues

This is why router centric distributions were created. They are easy to install and manage without the learning curve of linux networking. If this is the machines only job, I recommend IPCOP or better yet PFSENSE as a replacement. And you will get much more out of those distros than you would ubuntu if you don't know linux-networking and services.


How can I increase Ubuntu's 143-byte file name limit for encrypted directories?

Where is the Ubuntu limit set,

It is a filesystem limit. All "ext" have a 255 chars limit. Here is a list of a lot of filesystems. ReiserFS shows 4032 bytes (but it is limited to 255 chars because of Linux VFS).

The 144 char limit for encypted file is incorrect. It is 143 (from the creator of ecryptfs utilities). The remaining chars are needed for the encrypting so you can not go over it (encryption does not work on files with more than 143 chars).

  and is there a way to increase it?

No

Some more info. These will show file and directory size limit in chars:

 getconf NAME_MAX /dev/sda
 getconf PATH_MAX /dev/sda

See /usr/include/linux/limits.h for the declaration of these 2 variables:

#ifndef _LINUX_LIMITS_H
#define _LINUX_LIMITS_H

#define NR_OPEN         1024

#define NGROUPS_MAX    65536    /* supplemental group IDs are available */
#define ARG_MAX       131072    /* # bytes of args + environ for exec() */
#define LINK_MAX         127    /* # links a file may have */
#define MAX_CANON        255    /* size of the canonical input queue */
#define MAX_INPUT        255    /* size of the type-ahead buffer */
#define NAME_MAX         255    /* # chars in a file name */
#define PATH_MAX        4096    /* # chars in a path name including nul */
#define PIPE_BUF        4096    /* # bytes in atomic write to a pipe */
#define XATTR_NAME_MAX   255    /* # chars in an extended attribute name */
#define XATTR_SIZE_MAX 65536    /* size of an extended attribute value (64k) */
#define XATTR_LIST_MAX 65536    /* size of extended attribute namelist (64k) */

#define RTSIG_MAX     32

#endif

You can change this value but you will need to recompile at least the fopen() function for it to be usable. And there will be no compatibility with any other operating systems.

So I change my answer to: Yes you can but please do not :)


First, check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit. Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png  This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.

Reboot and tell us if there is any improvement.


Laptop won't boot or enter BIOS after deleting partition in Windows 7

Try using this guide (start where it says "restoring MBR") but instead, first remove the hard drive before booting into the CD. Once your computer has booted onto the CD then re-insert the hard drive and follow the steps outlines. I have no way of confirming this works, I just think it might (I've never heard of anything like this before).


Please just don't go on the website given in the former response.
This is a private website, no way of thinking it is safe, or not.
It's not because it's open source that you can download whatever you want.
Official repo give these instruction to proceed:

from https://www.chromium.org/getting-involved/download-chromium

Downloading old builds of Chrome / Chromium

Let's say you want a build of Chrome 44 for debugging purposes. Google does not offer old builds as they do not have up-to-date security fixes.

However, you can get a build of Chromium 44.x which should mostly match the stable release.
Here's how you find it:

Look in http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/search/label/Stable%20updates for the last time "44." was mentioned.
Loop up that version history ("44.0.2403.157") in the Position Lookup
In this case it returns a base position of "330231". This is the commit of where the 44 release was branched, back in May 2015.*
Open the continuous builds archive
Click through on your platform (Linux/Mac/Win)
Paste "330231" into the filter field at the top and wait for all the results to XHR in.
Eventually I get a perfect hit: https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-snapshots/index.html?prefix=Mac/330231/
Sometimes you may have to decrement the commit number until you find one.
Download and run!
As this build was made at 44 branch point, it does not have any commits merged in while in beta.
Typically that's OK, but if you need a true build of "44.0.2403.x" then you'll need to build Chromium from the 2403 branch. Some PortableApps/PortableChromium sites offer binaries like this, due to security concerns, the Chrome team does not recommend running them.


How to install apps on virtualized Ubuntu system?

To install software within a virtual machine it is easiest to use the tools Ubuntu installs there (assuming you set it up with Internet access). Here's a list from easiest to hardest:

First Option: Ubuntu Software Center

Located in Menu->Ubuntu Software Center.If you are using Unity, open the dash and type software,then the software center will appear.

Then click on the search box at the top right to search for an application(eg if you type "Ge" -> gedit will show up).

Alternately, click on a category such as Developer Tools and search for the software you want to install.

When you find it,click on the "Install" button at the top right,(or "use source" if you just installed ubuntu), enter your password for verification and wait for the software to install.

Second Option: Installation of .deb files

Since all the apps at ubuntu software center are in fact .deb files,you can search for a .deb file at the internet,download it and then when you choose to open it choose "Open with Ubuntu Sofware Center"

Third Option: Installation of source files (tar.gz,tar.gz2 etc)

That is more like a terminal job rather than easy installation clicks.

1)First of all,after downloading the source file,unzip it with the archive manager and save the unzipped folder of the file somewhere(eg the Desktop)alternatively you can type the command:

$tar -zxvf program.tar.gz
$tar -zjvf program.tar.bz2

2) Run as root by typing sudo -i , then type your password.

3)Change to the directory of the folder(if you have the folder at the desktop type cd /home/your_user_name/Desktop/your_file_name

4)Type ./configure

5)Type make

6)Type make install


Thank you @Morbius1 for your help.
After few more hours of trying things I found the answer.
It turns out the problem wasn't with the Linux machine and therefore not with the Samba share.
My Windows 10 machine kept the shares I had previous in the background. I couldn't see them in the explorer but when I ran net use in the CMD I found there were 2 still linked (from previous mounting attempts). I then used net use * /delete to remove those.
Hope this helps someone else so he and or she doesn't waste 3 days pulling their hair out.
If you have any questions, send me a message.


Sound themes stopped working after upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04

This is not a bug. It's the decision of Canonical to disable the start up sound by default. May be you can enable it from the start up configuration dialog.

EDIT: There's a package which produces sound event upon login and logout: gnome-session-canberra


Anyway to get a Palm Pilot (Tungsten E2) to sync with evolution or thunderbird?

Installing gnome-pilot  will allow you to sync your Palm to Evolution once you configure it (it's found in System > Preferences > PalmOS Devices). The first time you use gnome-pilot ("PalmOS Devices"), you will get a setup wizard like shown below. If you have issues, you may need to change the Type: and/or Device: settings; my setup is as shown below.

There are other sync programs (like JPilot) but gnome-pilot is the only one I know that can get your data into one of those programs.


How can I configure preseed to use a drive ONLY if it exists?

Short answer: you can't.

Long answer: as far as I am aware, you will need to run some kind of early_command to read the current disks and echo the results of that to a file that partman will read later, presumably on /hd-media somewhere.

I have once found a program/script that would do this, I think, but my Google-fu does not seem to work right now =/


how to force a Ubuntu to just connect a special IP

You should use iptables

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 80 -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED -j REJECT
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 80 -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED -j REJECT

sudo iptables -A INPUT -s 15.15.15.15 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -s 15.15.15.15 -j ACCEPT

change 15.15.15.15 to your website's server ip.

Test it, I've not tested it.

A full tutorial here.

  Note: This will break system/security updates.


Installing Ubuntu on a USB stick from live CD session

Can you please try to make the USB key bootable using UNetbootin and ISO from Ubuntu.com?

Please keep me informed.


How do you share Internet from an Android tablet to a laptop/pc with bluetooth?

You should look for Bluetooth tethering settings on Your tablet. After enabling it, You should check Your computer if it supports PAN profile in user role.

The first part is very easy, but the second one might be hard. I'd check if BlueZ in version on Your system supports PAN.


/sbin/mount.vboxsf: mounting failed with the error: Invalid argument - how to solve this error?

The normal way to get that done from the link provided by Norbert

sudo mount -t vboxsf [-o OPTIONS] sharename mountpoint

So your command should be

sudo mount -t vboxsf [-o OPTIONS] sharename /media/songs

To mount a shared folder during boot, add the following entry to /etc/fstab:

sharename   /media/songs   vboxsf   defaults  0   0

The sharename comes from the Windows hosts' sharename


Ubuntu 17.10 Unable to find beats audio driver for Hp Envy 15 k020us

I found the best solution here which worked with my audio driver. Seems it happened because the subwoofer was not working. So I had to manually activate it.
My Audio Driver is Realtek ALC3241. The processor is Intel Haswell.
What I did here:

Installed alsa-tools-gui
Run hdajackretask
Select Show unconnected pins
Override Pin ID:0x17 and select Internal speaker (LFE)
Click Install boot override
Reboot Ubuntu and the sound was good and working better than before, though not up to the mark


It seems auto-apt was last updated to version 0.3.24 in 2014, i.e., 5 years ago. Also, as of now xenial (16.04) seems to be the only supported release which still contains auto-apt in its repository information. In bionic (18.04) you can still download the deb package and install auto-apt. It's dependency is satisfiable. To install run

wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/a/auto-apt/auto-apt_0.3.24_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i auto-apt_0.3.24_amd64.deb
sudo apt install -f

On a side note, since Ubuntu is a Debian based OS and all packages are imported from Debian itself, it seems Debian is also planning to drop auto-apt since it ain't available on Stretch or Buster.


Dual boot: How to adjust grub2 settings? Via grub2 in ubuntu or mint?

@MichaelBay answered my 1st question. I confirm that here. I had reinstalled grub2 on Ubuntu using the following command:

sudo grub-install /dev/nvme0n1

I reinstalled grub2 because I thought that grub2 in my Ubuntu system was not working and according to @oldfred and here that this command should fix it. After rebooting, I noticed that Ubuntu became 1st in the grub2 menu queue to be boot up. Previously it was 3rd in the queue.

As to my 2nd question, I realize that the answer is just to run the grub2 commands in whichever system I am using, no management needed. Question 2 was motivated by the inconveniences caused by a faulty grub2 in Ubuntu. With grub2 working in Ubuntu, the question was no longer necessary.


pulse audio equaliser not working in ubuntu 18.04

None of the above solutions worked for me, so here is what I found helpful in my case:

cleanup the previous mess:

sudo apt purge pulseaudio-equalizer
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8

Install the pulseeffects (equalizer included):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mikhailnov/pulseeffects -y
sudo apt update
sudo apt install pulseeffects

Pulseeffects comes with equalizer so there is no need to install the equalizer separately. The above solution works perfectly in case of Ubuntu 18.04 and I found it here https://github.com/wwmm/pulseeffects/wiki/Package-Repositories


Find out what's causing the error. There must be some broken PPAa. To see these PPAs when you run sudo apt-get update, look at the lines that say

  W: Failed to fetch: 'url of ppa'

Now go to Software & Updates > Other Software and remove the conflicting PPAs.

If the error is causing because of the presence of unsupported packages, remove that package in the sources.lst. TO do this type:

  sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

search for the missing package (http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/maverick-security/restricted/binary-i386/Packages.gz in this case) and remove the line containing this entry.


wireshark,tcpdump,ntop are the tools which can help you to do packet analysis.

sudo apt-get install wireshark

sudo apt-get install tcpdump

sudo apt-get install ntop

use those commands to install.

Documentations are best resources to learn:

Wireshark : https://www.wireshark.org/docs/wsug_html/

ntop: http://www.ntop.org/support/documentation/

tcpdump : http://www.tcpdump.org/#documentation

Hope it helps you.


Overlayfs reload with multiple layers (migration away from aufs)

have you tried running remount on /.tmp-reoot/etc first and then remount on /etc

e.g.:

 mount -o remount /.tmp-reoot/etc

 mount -o remount /etc


Can't access my hard drive with my windows files

Here are the parts of the syslog that worry me and also how I came to my conclusion about the type of drive this is. This is not an answer just a way to show you and others what I think is wrong as the comments aren't long enough.

Here is something very similar to your situation.  You might try ddrescue here is a guide.

Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148659] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed
Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148660] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB:
Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148661] Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00
Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148668] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 0
Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148671] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 0
Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148678] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 1
Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148680] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 2
Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148690] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 3
Mar 18 23:52:37 ubuntu kernel: [  515.148702] ata1: EH complete
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.747664] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x100000 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.747678] ata1.00: irq_stat 0x40000008
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.747688] ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.747701] ata1.00: cmd 60/08:a0:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 20 ncq 4096 in
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.747701]       res 51/40:08:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F>
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.747708] ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.747712] ata1.00: error: { UNC }
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.750284] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
Mar 18 23:52:40 ubuntu kernel: [  518.750324] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code


How to solve linux-firmware package upgrade problem?

Try this command on terminal,

 sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-firmware_1.79.9_all.deb


VirtualBox Ubuntu Server with DNS using dnsmasq

If hostname.local on your local network is the goal, then you don't need to do anything. You can just connect to it. If your laptop is named mylaptop, for instance, just connect to mylaptop.local. It's done using Avahi out of the box.


Installed Ubuntu sucssessfully, but now won't boot

You are supposed to remove the USB stick after the restart.  After the installation had finished, the computer will shutdown, then you will get a message:

Please remove the installation media and close the tray (if any) and then press "Enter"

That's when you should remove the USB stick.  Remove the USB stick before that, bad stuff happens.

For the low disk level, maybe Ubuntu cannot read your drive correctly (since your drive can hold 25 copies of Ubuntu).

I would say that you have to reinstall Ubuntu.  Recreate the Ubuntu USB stick using  Pendrive Linux and then follow the steps on the Ubuntu official website.  Choose "Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu" and remove the USB stick after Ubuntu told you to.


How to install 12.04 on Samsung Series 5 Ultrabook?

It might be because you installed GRUB on a partition. To resolve this:

Boot from the Live USB.
Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T).
Run the following commands:

sudo grub-install /dev/sda
sudo update-grub

Here, /dev/sda is the name of the harddrive. To check the name of the harddrive, run sudo fdisk -l.

In the screenshot, the devices /dev/sda1, etc are the partitions, whereas /dev/sda is the harddrive.


What is a recommended high resolution webcam?

You may check for V4L2 (Video for Linux 2) supported webcams at this web page: http://www.ideasonboard.org/uvc/#devices

Cheers


Unmet dependencies, and 'apt-get -f install' not work (Ubuntu 12.04)

The probable solution is Downloading and Installing ppa-purge manually and then remove the offending ppas. I highly suspects, this is caused by some PPAs.

Download and install ppa-purge. For 12.04, the official ppa-purge can be manually downloaded from this Ubuntu mirror http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/ppa-purge/ppa-purge_0.2.8+bzr56_all.deb

Download with wget

wget -c http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/ppa-purge/ppa-purge_0.2.8+bzr56_all.deb

Install with dpkg

sudo dpkg -i ppa-purge_0.2.8+bzr56_all.deb

Assuming you downloaded the exact version
Then remove the PPAs one-by-one. You should have known what PPAs are added to the system.

sudo ppa-purge ppa:repository-name/subdirectory

Note 1: This command will remove the ppa repository as well as the packages installed from that repository. So, simply removing the repository source line will not solve the problem.

Note 2: If you can't find the PPA name you can't look at /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory and by looking at the .list files there, you'll get a hint of what PPAs are installed. Google can help with you to find the name of PPA from those file names.


Fcitx conflicts with default Keyboard and mouse settings in Lubuntu (LXQT). Can't set shortcut to change keyboard layout

Solution posted here: https://discourse.lubuntu.me/t/lubuntu-19-10-lxqt-cannot-change-keyboard-layout-shortcuts-not-working/507/1

In the end there is workaround for the problem. Just add layout (any), choose shortcut, press apply. Shortcut will be saved and working. Then remove additional not needed layout and press apply. You now have 2 layouts and working shortcut!


Require button press to open Unity launcher to resolve usability issues

I think the "launcher" settings only allow a choice of the side + corner or just the corner.


After an extensive serach I have found that most people recommend... installing Windows + wireless drivers, unlocking WiFi there and then WiFi should work.
People who had the same chipset installed, but in different laptop model sometimes were able to invoke WiFi through BIOS, but I was unable to find anything in BIOS menu or the internet for Asus U82U. :-(


everything changed in my Desktop after running a command, can anyone help?

Check the answers to a similar problem I had. Quoting from there:

sudo killall compiz && compiz --replace

Hopefully it will solve your problem as well.


Alternative to xsel or xclip *without* X11 installed?

The clipboard itself is a feature of X11, so you will not be able to use it without having any X11 server instance running anywhere. More about that below.

However, xclip/xsel don't have the X11 server as dependency, they only need some client libraries installed. You should install xsel though if you want to have as few packages as possible, as it has significantly less dependencies than xclip (compare the output of apt depends --recurse --important xsel and apt depends --recurse --important xclip).

Back to the X11 server. You said you don't want to install a full graphical X11 server stack on your headless Ubuntu server, which is not necessary. That requires you to have an X11 server running on your local client instead though, if you want to use its features like the clipboard.

On a Linux desktop client this is no problem, as you already have X11 running there usually, but on Windows you don't. Luckily there seems to be a small X11 server version for Windows too, called Xming.

Once you have that running and configured, you should be able to forward your local X11 session via SSH (using PuTTY) to your headless server. There you can then use e.g. xsel to interact with it and access your local clipboard.

More details about how to set up Xming, PuTTY and the SSH server for X11 forwarding can be found in these posts:

How to use PuTTY to get X11 connections over ssh from Windows to Ubuntu
xclip on headless server
How to use X11 forwarding with PuTTY (on Super User)


SSH user client config with host wildcards

Most of the times that ssh ignores a file, that's because file permissions are wrong.

For example, man ssh_config says:

  ~/.ssh/config

  This is the per-user configuration file.  The format of this file is described above.  This file is used by the SSH client.  Because of the potential for abuse, this file must have strict permissions: read/write for the user, and not accessible by others. It may be group-writable provided that the group in question contains only the user.

You must also check the permissions of all the parent directories of the file. I.e., if your home is /home/rob, you should check the permissions of /home, /home/rob, /home/rob/.ssh, and /home/rob/.ssh/config.

Assuming that your home has already secure permissions, a command that often helps is:

chmod -R go= ~/.ssh

Remember that ssh -vvv host.engin.x.edu it useful to debug those problems.


lsusb shows "rt3572" but lshw shows "generic 2800" driver after installing the latest ralink

RT3572 is the chipset made by ralink, inside the AE1000. The RT3572 chipset is supported (sort of...*) by the RT2800 driver, which also supports many other flavors of ralink chipsets.

Note that this driver is notoriously buggy. Follow the build and install instructions explicitly. Which version of the driver you should use is highly dependent on which kernel version you are using, among other things. The latest version of the driver software is not necessarily the one that will work on your system. Some web searching for the appropriate driver version to work with your kernel may be required.


error while trying to sudo apt-get update GPG, no sign repository

When you are getting a public key error, the key itself is the last 8 digits of the NO_PUBKEY.

To install it run the following line

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 5FCBF54A

Then rerun your

sudo apt update

Hope this helps!


Is there a setting to turn off the dialog box when making screenshots?

gnome-screenshot has -f option to specify store file. The following command should be the replacement you are looking for:

gnome-screenshot -f "$HOME/Pictures/Screenshot from $(date '+%F %T').png"

One way! is to replace gnome-screenshot to be run with addition parameter:

Move original:

sudo mv /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot.orig

Create a modified command:

sudo nano /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot.mod

#!/bin/sh
gnome-screenshot.orig -f "$HOME/Pictures/Screenshot from $(date '+%F %T').png" $@

Make it executable:

sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot.mod

Create replacement symbolic link:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot.mod /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot


How to switch from Ubuntu gnome to Xubuntu

Just install package xubuntu-desktop:

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

reboot and choose Xubuntu session in the login screen. The Ubuntu Gnome related stuff is still installed, so you always can switch to Gnome back if you change your mind.

However, if you want to wipe-out Ubuntu Gnome for good (believe me, there is no reason to do so), then I would recommend to make backup of your data and then clean install of Xubuntu.


I've tried all these responses. Here is the ONLY way that worked for me (and it was remarkably quick... after spending hours on all the other suggestions!). Go into Terminal, and simply key this in:

$ alsactl restore

And that's that! :)


Thanks everyone.

I just updated the BIOS and now brightness is working great.


ffmpeg how to output images from a video

This works for me:

ffmpeg -i input_movie.mp4 -ss 00:00:05 -f image2 -vframes 1 imagename.png

Where the options are:

-i              > The input video file
-ss  00:00:05   > Start at Second 5 of movie
-f image2       > Force image output
-vframes 1      > Set the number of video frames to record

You can read the ffmpeg documentation on: http://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.html


Is es.archive.ubuntu.com down? How can I change it?

Change the mirror in /etc/apt/sources.list file. For using the default/main one , use this command

sudo sed -i 's/es.archive.ubuntu.com/archive.ubuntu.com/' /etc/apt/sources.list

The command will change the mirror to the default one. And yes, the mirror es.archive.ubuntu.com seems to be down atm.

Alternatively, you can open the /etc/apt/sources.list file with the command gksu gedit /etc/apt/sources.list in a terminal (open it with Ctrl-Alt-T shortcut) and remove the es. part in front pf es.archive.ubuntu.com .


Setting up ssh and sftp for multiple users

I wrote an article about that some time ago: http://en.positon.org/post/SFTP-chroot-rsync

I think what you need in /etc/ssh/sshd_config is:

# we use openssh internal sftp
# because /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server won't be available in chroot
Subsystem sftp internal-sftp

Match group sftp
        ChrootDirectory %h
        X11Forwarding no
        AllowTcpForwarding no
        ForceCommand internal-sftp

You can change the ChrootDirectory to your need, however, the chroot directory have to be owned by root and not writeable by the users. This is a security restriction from the OpenSSH developers.

Also, carefully check /var/log/auth.log for SSH connections problems.


It depends on what you mean by stable. The standard policy in Ubuntu is to offer the upgrade when the new LTS reaches .1, i.e., 16.04.1.

I upgraded my 14.04 in several machines, and I can signal these problems:

on a wide range of machines with intel graphics, you have a bad tearing of the screen, fixable by installing Yakkety kernels;
on several machines, suspend freeze the system;
in some flavors (xubuntu, mate) the cursor disappears after a lock (fixed by switching to a virtual console and back);
Bluetooth audio sink with high quality (A2DP) stops working at least for some hardware;

So yes, you have to be ready for a bit of bumpy switch. On the other hand, I like 16.04; the system feels snappier than 14.04, and LibreOffice 5 is a big step forward.


Create browse-files Button in quickly app

Have a look at the FileChooserDialog.

It should look something like this (untested):

    dialog = Gtk.FileChooserDialog("Please choose a file", self._parentwindow,
        Gtk.FileChooserAction.OPEN,
        (Gtk.STOCK_CANCEL, Gtk.ResponseType.CANCEL,
         Gtk.STOCK_OPEN, Gtk.ResponseType.OK))

    filter_img = gtk.FileFilter()
    filter_img.set_name("Images")
    filter_img.add_pixbuf_formats()
    dialog.add_filter(filter_img)

    response = dialog.run()
    if response == Gtk.ResponseType.OK:
        imagefile = dialog.get_filename()
        self.imagewidget.set_from_file(imagefile)
    dialog.destroy()

Setting an image can be done in various other ways than my example, look at the docs for more information.


The timeout of the response from 8.8.8.8 in your network maybe greater than 15s, the default timeout of dig command. You can use +time to set the timeout for a query to n seconds. The default timeout is 5 seconds. And also use +tries set the number of times to try UDP queries to server to n instead of the default, 3:

dig +time=10 +tries=5 @8.8.8.8 example.com


How do I change the colors of the Ambiance & Radiance themes?

What you have do is copy radiance as backup and change setting.ini file in themes
by using.

gksu gedit /usr/share/themes/Radiance/gtk-3/settings.ini

Edit:

nselected_bg_color:#f07746

So it says:

nselected_bg_color:#7FADFD

And do the same with gtk-2, using:

gksu gedit /usr/share/themes/Radiance/gtk-2/gtkrc

Otherwise gtk-2 applications like chrome etc will have old orange color
and you are done. Reload the theme using gnome-tweak-tool.

Every GNOME-3 theme works with unity-3d perfectly but with 2D it has fallback window control problem when maximized (means in global panel it has fallback window controls which are ugly as hell, even the themes have unity folder in them and they work fine with 3D)

The colour used above [#7FADFD] is just one example of any number of hex colours that can be employed. Refer to here for other hex colour codes.


How to change the menu prompting in Ubuntu 18.04 when multiple windows of an application are open?

Assuming you are referring to clicking on an icon of an application in the Dock of a standaard Ubuntu desktop, you can change the behavior when you click with a hidden setting org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action. Set it to 'cycle-windows' to have a click on the icon change to the next window. You can use dconf-editor, not installed by default, or use a terminal command:
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action 'cycle-windows'

Possible values of the setting in Ubuntu 20.04 are:
'skip', 'minimize', 'launch', 'cycle-windows', 'minimize-or-overview', 'previews', 'minimize-or-previews', 'focus-or-previews', 'quit'.
Not all of these may be available in Ubuntu 18.04. You may try them all and see what behavior you prefer. To reset the setting to system default, issue the command:
gsettings reset org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action


I had the same problem, Chromium was the only application that opened up on the wrong monitor, but I'm using Ubuntu 18.04, with GNOME.

What fixed it for me was switching from "join displays" to "single display" (choosing the monitor I wanted chromium to open up in), and then opening up chromium and shutting it down. Then re-enabling "join displays".

This solved the issue for me.


Does anyone know when Tar will Compress to .7z in the future? (It does xz compression, but when will it do 7zip -mx=9 compression?)

It seems like, as you said, the only way is:

tar cf - directory | 7z a -si directory.tar.7z

this is from man 7z:

  -si    Read data from StdIn (eg: tar cf - directory | 7z a -si directory.tar.7z)

For restoring, also from 7z man:

   On Linux/Unix, in order to backup directories you must use tar :
    - to backup a directory  : tar cf - directory | 7za a -si directory.tar.7z
    - to restore your backup : 7za x -so directory.tar.7z | tar xf -


Accessing Ubuntu's password store using C++

There may be no documentation. But there are sources and examples. There are a couple of C programs which use ubuntu one that you can use as guides.

You can try to run the following (if your repositiories include sources of course):

apt-get source libubuntuone

Followed by

sudo apt-get build-dep libubuntuone

and check out the sources. I believe this might be of interest. On u1-music-store.c, line 229.

static void
get_credentials (U1MusicStore *music_store,
                 gchar **oauth_consumer_token,
                 gchar **oauth_consumer_secret,
                 gchar **oauth_token,
                 gchar **oauth_token_secret)
{
        SyncdaemonCredentials *credentials;

        *oauth_consumer_token = *oauth_consumer_secret = *oauth_token = *oauth_token_secret = NULL;

        /* Get the OAuth token from the keyring */
         if ((credentials = syncdaemon_authentication_find_credentials (
                      syncdaemon_daemon_get_authentication (music_store->priv->syncdaemon)))) {
                *oauth_consumer_token = g_strdup (syncdaemon_credentials_get_consumer_key (credentials));
                *oauth_consumer_secret = g_strdup (syncdaemon_credentials_get_consumer_secret (credentials));
                *oauth_token = g_strdup (syncdaemon_credentials_get_token (credentials));
                *oauth_token_secret = g_strdup (syncdaemon_credentials_get_token_secret (credentials));
         }
}

The library you are looking for is libsyncdaemon-1.0-dev. At least on 10.10. As far as I can see, you don't need the keyring API from gnome.


root privilege is not working on chmod in android adb shell

Your root privileges on your PC/Laptop/... are completely irrelevant for the file system on your smartphone.

Therefore

adb root;
adb shell mount -o rw,remount /;


From within Steam, how can I automatically disable the HUD hotkey upon a game's launch, and reenable it upon that game closing?

Make a script nohudrun like the primusrun is done:

#!/bin/sh

old_key="$(LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib dconf read /org/compiz/integrated/show-hud)"
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib dconf write /org/compiz/integrated/show-hud "['']"
"$@"
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib dconf write /org/compiz/integrated/show-hud "$old_key"

And invoke it like that:

nohudrun primusrun %command%

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib is for breaking from x32 environment of Steam, because dconf can't find x64 libs (maybe there is a better way). That is the cause why it fails from 'launch options', I think.

You can also add some locking to be able to correctly restore the keybinding when multiple games are run through that script.

P. S. How to know what's wrong? Just print stderr to file:

dconf write /org/compiz/integrated/show-hud "['']" 2>>/home/velkan/errr


Can't copy paste or mkdir in a partition without root permission after creating it with gparted

Create one or more directories in your partition using

sudo mkdir directory-name

and change the ownershíp to your regular user ID using

sudo chown "$USER":"$USER" directory-name

Then you should be able to use the directories (in my example "directory-name") as your regular user. In these directories you will be able to create and delete subdirectories and files without restrictions.

Note for other users: Please notice that this is a linux ext4 file system. If you have a Microsoft file system, FAT32, exFAT or NTFS, the permissions and ownership for linux is set when mounting the file system. The  permissions and ownership will be inherited by all subdirectories and files. If the automatic mounting does not provide write access you can try according to the following link,

How to change default permissions on automounted usb flash, formatted in NTFS?


What That Wouldn't Do
You can add Debian's software sources in Ubuntu the same way you add them in Debian. This will not do what you seem to be saying you want, though. You should almost certainly not do this.
This will not give you the same software that will appear in Ubuntu 13.04 in the future, because Ubuntu's packages are specially built for Ubuntu, incorporate some changes compared to the Debian versions, and because your package versions would almost always be ahead of the ones in Ubuntu (especially on Ubuntu 13.04's release date, which would take place well after a freeze on the introduction of new features).
Ubuntu's packages are not identical to the packages in Debian, and you cannot get the same exact packages through an official Debian software source that you get through an official Ubuntu software source.
What That Might Do
If you added Debian's experimental software sources to your Ubuntu system, they would almost always have higher-versioned packages than provided by the Ubuntu software sources (since most Ubuntu packages come from Debian). Consequently all the software in your system would be upgraded to the Debian experimental versions. This upgrade process would very likely fail, leaving your system or the package manager in a non-functional state.
However, if it succeeded, the result would be a Debian experimental system that happens to have some Ubuntu repositories enabled (but providing almost no software).
You mentioned that you don't need "Unity and stuff." By "and stuff" I presume you mean other packages present in Ubuntu but not Debian. Since you don't need any Ubuntu packages and you're interested in using a system where all the packages are provided by Debian's official software sources, it sounds like what you really want to do is use Debian.
Debian, like Ubuntu, is an excellent operating system. Go for it!
But please don't try to "upgrade" an Ubuntu system to Debian; you should install Debian in an officially supported way. If you want to use experimental packages, you can get plenty of excitement that way, and find and report bugs while you're at it. In contrast, there's not much value to making a broken Debian system out of an Ubuntu system.
To Stay on the Bleeding Edge of Ubuntu
If you want to use the latest development packages for Ubuntu 13.04 before it comes out, then instead of using Debian's experimental software sources, you should test 13.04.
New, experimental installation ISO's for Ubuntu come out every day and can be downloaded here. Once installed your alpha Raring Ringtail system will get lots of updates and plenty of stuff won't work right. It might even not work at all, or stop working at some point. (That's what it's like to use the most experimental software available.)
It's fun, though I don't recommend this for a system you rely on, even casually.
If you want you can upgrade an Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal system to alpha Raring:
sudo apt-get update
sudo do-release-upgrade -d

If alpha testing interests you, check out these resources:

The testing wiki.
The bug reporting guidelines.
A list of resources for getting help with problems in alpha and beta releases.
The Raring Ringtail Alpha 1 release announcement.


"safely remove hard drive" is not always enabled

There are different situations:

There might be process using a file on that drive

By removing the drive suddenly they might crash.

There might be process writing something to drive

Remove it and you lose anything that is begin written to drive.

There might be something in the buffer not yet stored in the disk.

Again, if you remove it you lose it

While disk being used (mostly begin written to), removing it might cause different scenarios too, like a broken file system.

What I do to remove a drive safely is:

Make sure nothing is left in buffer and everything has been written to disk.

sync

Unmount it, which makes us shore no one has any business with disk:

sudo umount /dev/sdb1

Power off it:

udisksctl power-off -b /dev/sdb

Also I wrote an script to do these stuff automatically, here you can get it.


Install Ubuntu on Hard drive and GRUB on USB

There is a way to achieve similar behaviour if you are interested in booting Windows most of the time but occasionally booting into Ubuntu.

You are able to change the behaviour of the Grub bootloader to automatically select the last booted Operating System by default. So, for example, if you booted up Windows last time, then it will boot up Windows again.

When grub first loads, there is a timeout (usually 10 seconds but can be changed) and if you don't select an operating system before this time, it will boot up the default.

In order to get grub to default to the last selected Operating System, you need to adjust the file that is located in /etc/default/grub.

sudo nano /etc/default/grub is probably the easiest way to edit this file.

You want to change the line GRUB_DEFAULT=0 to GRUB_DEFAULT=saved and also add the line GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true

When you've exited and saved the file, run sudo update-grub and on your next reboot the default choice for grub will be the last booted Operating System.

For Legacy boot, installing Ubuntu (and subsequently the grub bootloader) does technically replace the 'Windows bootloader' ("GRUB 2 normally writes its bootloader information to an area just beyond the Master Boot Record and before the first partition" which is where the 'Windows bootloader' would be) but grub will load Windows quite happily when selected.

With a UEFI boot of Windows, it doesn't even replace the Windows bootloader. Grub becomes the first UEFI boot option and if Windows is selected then Grub just points it to the Windows Boot Manager and away you go.

The 'Windows bootloader' (or Windows Boot Manager as they seem to call it) isn't replaced or changed, your machine just loads grub first.

Here is an example of what my grub bootloader shows me:

I mention all this because you say you 'don't want to replace the Windows bootloader' but unless there is a particularly complicated reason for why you don't wish to do this, then having the grub bootloader installed on your Hard Disk should not cause any problems.

By changing the grub default choice, you will have almost the same behaviour that you are after, but with a short delay of a few seconds as grub waits for you to choose.

This will also mean you don't have to go get the USB every time you want to boot Ubuntu.

(Something worth mentioning is that if your Windows installation is using UEFI, then when you are installing Ubuntu you will want to press f12 to get the 'one-time boot menu' up and then select the USB under the UEFI Boot options, to ensure that Ubuntu is installed as UEFI also.)

Here is a picture to show you what I mean, with the 'UEFI: TDK' being the USB stick I am wanting to use:


getting compiz to work with Ubuntu 11.10 and fglrx

ccsm doesn't enables compiz, it just configures it. So you have the cube set in compiz but your desktop is running metacity.

Try to run in a terminal (maybe you'll need to unstall mesa-utils to run this):

glxinfo | grep direct

The output should tell you "direct rendering: Yes (if the drivers are properly installed) Then try:

compiz --replace

That should activate compiz. If not, it's a drivers problem.

If it works, maybe you have to do it every time you log in. To make it easier you can install fusion-icon:

sudo apt-get install fusion-icon

It allows you to switch between compiz and metacity with a click. Later if you want to run compiz automatically on login (if you don't find any problem) you can add the compiz --replace command to the startup applications.

Whish it helps.


A problem when invoking a function in a bash script

See the corrected script:

#!/bin/bash

## the driver's name
drivername=$(lspci -vv -s $(lspci |grep -i ethernet| awk -F" " '{print $1}')| awk -F" " '/driver/ {print $5}')

checkout ()
{
lsmod > tmp.txt
    if grep -i $drivername "tmp.txt" > /dev/null ; then
        echo "there's a driver called: $drivername"
        exit 0
    else
        echo "there's not any driver"
        exit 1
    fi
}

checkout $drivername;


What do you mean by access? You can kill processes on other TTYs.

If something locks X (on TTY7) I usually just log in on TTY1, run htop and kill whatever process is running rampage, before going back to TTY7.


Ubuntu 19.04 background kind of pixelized

I want to suggest a script that "worked" for me. Please, see answer at here: Flicker after suspend on two monitors

I hope you've success...


Difference between various similar packages 14.04 repo

They're each completely different packages, and while 'similar' in the sense they're metapackages, they are vastly different from each other.

ubuntu-desktop is a metapackage for the standard Ubuntu Desktop and its suite of apps the Ubuntu Desktop ISOs install (Unity, the selected software suites, etc.); it's been present in the repos since Ubuntu Desktop was created.  You can see all it 'depends' on (and installs) at it's listing on packages.ubuntu.com (this link shows the Xenial version of the package; this link shows the Trusty version).

ubuntu-gnome-desktop is similar, but specifically for the entire Ubuntu GNOME Desktop ISOs' installed software and has only been available since the Ubuntu GNOME flavor has been around (pure GNOME without Unity, etc.).  (this link shows the Xenial version of the package and its dependencies on packages.ubuntu.com like above; this link shows the Trusty version of the package)

gnome-desktop-environment is actually a transitional package, left in place for 'upgrade' compatibility for older operating systems to newer operating systems.  It is actually a metapackage in 14.04 (and not later) that just installs the gnome package.  (this link to packages.ubuntu.com shows this).  This is handled differently later on, so that transitional package is not needed anymore (probably just by installing gnome or similar in later versions).


"XAMPP: Couldn't start MySQL" on Ubuntu 64bit

After being googling for days i found this and it works great!

What i did was

sudo chmod 755 /opt/lampp/etc/my.cnf
sudo chmod 777 /opt/lampp/var/mysql -R
sudo /opt/lampp/lampp restart

and now it works


Can I use ping to see real time drop rates?

You may checkout:

ping -f <ip>

This will do a floodping display a single dot for every sent REQUEST and remove a single dot for every REPLY.

If there is no package loss you wont see anything because the count of REQUEST eq REPLY.

If there is package loss you see more and more .

http://linux.die.net/man/8/ping


The basic order is

alias
shell function
shell builtin
search the directories of the PATH variable in order (the results of this step may be cached in a hash table - see help hash)

So for example if there is a cmd in both /bin and in the current directory, then the one that will be executed will depend on the relative positions of /bin and . in your PATH. (Note: it is generally discouraged to have . in the path at all, for security reasons.)

For complete details, refer to the COMMAND EXECUTION section of man bash


Adding a .tar.bz package to my local repository?

Some tar.bz files don't actually need "make install". They are already compiled for your version of Ubuntu.  To delete these, just delete the folder that you extracted them into. e.g. fritzing-0.9.0b.linux.AMD64.tar_1.bz2
If you use "make install" you can just delete the folders that it creates
If you use "sudo make install" files can be placed all over your system, so you'll have to look in the make file and see what it did and remove everything. A lot more complicated!


Install VMware Tools in OS X El Capitan Guest

As the error message says, you should have contacted VMWare Support, who would have likely pointed you at this knowledge base article, which details how to install the tools in a MacOS guest, and which also states that MacOS guests are only supported on VMware Fusion.


Boot Windows 10 and install EasyBCD
Open EasyBCD and click on "BCD Deployement"
In the section "MBR Configuration Options" ensure that "Install the Windows Vista/7 bootloader to the MBR" is selected and click the "Write MBR" button
Reboot
If necessary, add Linux entries in EasyBCD


I am unable to find virtual-box in my dash after installing it through synaptic

This might be related to a known bug.

Ubuntu 16.04: Dash not showing newly installed apps

Current workaround is to log out and log-back again or reboot.


Security Patches for Ubuntu 16 after 9 Months

What do you mean?  16.04 is an LTS release.  This means that you'll get full support and updates for 5 years.


Most probably bcoz of fast boot in windows.

You have to first disable fast boot up feature in windows.

follow this guide to disable it - http://www.typicaltips.com/2013/02/disable-fast-startup-in-windows-8.html

and after start ubuntu and now you can use your partion


open teminal and type this command

xmodmap -e "keycode 62 = k"

then run this command

xmodmap -pke >~/.Xmodmap

now press Right Shift , you will see typed "k"

Activate the changes(for this login session only) with following command:

xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap

Making changes persistent across reboots:

If it doesn't exist, create a file in your home folder called .xinitrc.

touch .xinitrc

Place the following line in the file and save the file:

    xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap


Filling up column of text file with random data using bash

cat /dev/urandom | tr -dc '0-1' is a horribly slow way to get random numbers - you're discarding a lot of data just because it doesn't parse to an ASCII number.

You could use od or hexdump to convert the data to numbers, instead, maybe awk to replace the third field:

$ awk -v cmd="od -t u2 -A n /dev/urandom | tr -d ' \n' | fold -w 48" '{cmd | getline a; $3=a}1' foo
a b 544404963198532458179603539139474299576034345258
a b 288743886427692659230387417952036728563243415446
a b 862132599821016414678116482868514114597223157825
a b 033164829235119519053106724136729063192651002644
a b 344594724128550250448115260033862902855932105599
a b 312488113115218631189450762993316672549312384472
a b 536218132619476215470461793189974621744028599402
a b 312943765306550325469516346331872556359574159859
a b 530561655804530239462031928466172515137971221356
a b 295271911741933346066441964722122556255551414840

od -t u2 -A n /dev/urandom | tr -d ' \n' | fold -w 48 converts the random data into two-byte unsigned ints, then we use tr to remove the spaces from od's  output.

awk is very nice for column-based text processing. The <command> | getline method allows you to run the <command> once and then read its output for the duration of the awk command.

A simpler way than coercing od output to the required format is to use hexdump:

hexdump -e '"%u"' /dev/urandom | fold -w 48


App to display high-level information about my network?

If your network equipment supports NetFlow or sFlow, you can setup nfdump with NfSen on Ubuntu to analyze your network's usage.

Here's an excellent guide on setting up NfSsen which I found very useful.


Sound device not accessible after starting Chromium

If you are using an x86_64 system than you should be able to run normal chrome instead of chromium, this may solve your sound problem. You can download google chrome here:
https://www.google.com/chrome/


Build local repo for ubuntu 16.04 and above

It does not have to be the same version. I have an 18.04 local mirror running on a 16.04 server.


Seeking Ubuntu Version Compatibility Resource

There's a PowerPC version of Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS (supported until April 2017) located here http://cdimages.ubuntu.com/releases/12.04.3/release/ .

You can also get 13.04 (supported until January 2014) from here instead if you want the latest version.

Use Ctrl+F to search for powerpc.iso and download the one with desktop in the name which ends with .iso.

Follow the instructions here for burning and installing it.

Note: This is not officially supported by Canonical and is a community port.


Misery, I seem to have found a solution on my system using the same driver (different audio device though)

Open Terminal: gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
Add the following line:

options snd-hda-intel model=generic

Restart System

My audio seems to be working fine now. Full volume, flash content, videos, audio files.
Let us know if it helps.

Credit goes to Adityeah


Ubuntu 13.10 not booting, startpar bridge

I had the same problem. A google search indicates that many people seem to have this problem, and I don't see solutions. Startpar starts runlevel scripts in parallel, so is there to speed up the booting process. It is part of the sysvinit package, which is marked as essential. This means it is hard to remove or substitute, which was one of my first ideas.

I spent several hours extensively searching and trying to remove this problem in order to have my system boot again. I even downloaded and compiled the sysvinit repository, compiled it and replace my existing binary in /sbin/ with the built one (v0.58->v0.59), but I noticed that this svn repository was not very new. All this to no avail.

I ended up downgrading my system again by doing a reinstall from live-CD. (BTW, Precise is supported until 2017.)

(I don't have 10 reputation points to post more than two links, so I had to cut back.)


Just use

if (! -d /folder ) then
    #run some code here, if the folder does not exist


What is the right way to safely remove external HDD

Most external HDD are nothing more than an internal HDD in a case with a SATA-to-USB adapter. So no need to turn off your computer, you can use your disk like any regular external HDD. To remove it safely you can use your file manager's eject option or the umount command-line tool.


Are Video and Audio Codecs Legal in Ubuntu in the United States?

Selling/distribution of MP3 codec binaries is illegal because they are bound by patents, mainly by the Fraunhofer Society.
For libre use, there are open source implementations of the standard ( iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=31537 ) and it is NOT illegal to distribute their source code. There is:

LAME for encoding (http://lame.sourceforge.net/)
MAD for decoding (http://www.underbit.com/products/mad)
Mpadec for decoding (http://sourceforge.net/projects/mpadec/)

and probably even more.

For more information:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3#Licensing_and_patent_issues
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open_source_codecs

Concerning Canonical, they can't provide codecs with their installation media, as this would be considered as reselling patented software, that's why they provide such functionality via their ubuntu store:

http://ostatic.com/blog/canonical-opens-codec-sales-and-potential-can-of-worms


DNSMASQ binds to individual IP addresses, like every IP-responsive service (like webservers, bind9 nameservers, etc.)

While your system does have 127.0.0.1, and 127.0.1.1 implicitly, they are still handled like individual IP addresses (just like 192.168.123.4 is not 192.168.123.6 and can't be implied to be).

The implication that 127.0.1.1 and 127.0.0.1 are the same doesn't work with direct-to-IP commands.  IN default systems, nowadays, dnsmasq is configured to bind to 127.0.1.1.  This is why in your systems with Network Manager on them, you see 127.0.1.1 in the /etc/resolv.conf file.

Unless you change the dnsmasq configuration, it will not be able to bind to 127.0.0.1 and won't listen to requests being routed to 127.0.0.1; it will, however, route requests to 127.0.1.1 per its configuration for address-to-bind-to.  (This is a limitation to the default configurations, yes, but is actually not a bad thing as you can give different 'local services' different local loopback IP addresses to listen to on your system, which makes listening on localhost for requests in packet sniffing, etc. a little easier to achieve.)


Hard time installing Ubuntu 20.04 as Dual Boot on Asus ROG STRIX G17

BIOS
Asus ROG Strix G17
You have BIOS version G712LV.308.
There's a newer BIOS available, version G712LV.310, dated 7/22/2020, and can be downloaded here. Use G712LV for "BIOS model name".
Note: Confirm that I have the correct web page for your model #.
Note: Have good backups before updating the BIOS.
Update #1:
Intel RST
You've got a single SSD/HDD set up in RAID mode, and the Ubuntu installer won't recognize your SSD/HDD until you switch your disk setting in the BIOS from RAID to AHCI.
Making that switch comes with some problems though, as Windows will no longer boot.
You don't need to reinstall Windows...
Below, you'll find two different ways to solve this problem. Some users found Choice #2 to be easier.
Make sure to have a backup of your important Windows files!
Choice #1: Looking at this article https://samnicholls.net/2016/01/14/how-to-switch-sata-raid-to-ahci-windows-10-xps-13/ will show you how to make the change without having to reinstall Windows.

Boot to Windows with your current SATA controller configuration
Open Device Manager
Expand Storage Controllers and identify the Intel SATA RAID Controller
View properties of the identified controller
On the Driver tab, click the Update driver… button
Browse my computer…, Let me pick…
Uncheck Show compatible hardware
Select Microsoft as manufacturer
Select Microsoft Storage Spaces Controller as model #
Accept that Windows cannot confirm that this driver is compatible
Save changes, reboot to BIOS and change RAID SATA Controller to AHCI
Save changes and reboot normally, hopefully to Windows

Now you should be able to install Ubuntu in a dual-boot configuration.

Choice #2: See http://triplescomputers.com/blog/uncategorized/solution-switch-windows-10-from-raidide-to-ahci-operation/

 Right-click the Windows Start Menu. Choose Command Prompt (Admin).
 If you don’t see Command Prompt listed, it’s because you have already been updated to a later version of Windows.  If so, use this method instead to get to the Command Prompt:
Click the Start Button and type cmd
Right-click the result and select Run as administrator
Type this command and press ENTER: bcdedit /set {current} safeboot minimal
If this command does not work for you, try bcdedit /set safeboot minimal
Restart the computer and enter BIOS Setup (the key to press varies between systems).
Change the SATA Operation mode to AHCI from either IDE or RAID (again, the language varies).
Save changes and exit Setup and Windows will automatically boot to Safe Mode.
Right-click the Windows Start Menu once more. Choose Command Prompt (Admin)
Type this command and press ENTER: bcdedit /deletevalue {current} safeboot
If you had to try the alternate command above, you will likely need to do so here also: bcdedit /deletevalue safeboot
Reboot once more and Windows will automatically start with AHCI drivers enabled.


Wireless Connection Dropping Frequently Ubuntu 14.04

I notice that your access point is on channel 6 and your wireless_script reports:

  31   APs on   Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)

I recommend that you change to channel 1.

Second, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Finally, I worked on a case a couple of weeks ago where connectivity was impossible because there were spaces in the name of the access point. Yours is named Casa De Messi. I suggest you experiment by changing it to CasaDeMessi or Casa_De_Messi, or some such.


CPU/GPU fan not working properly on Intel Macbook 4,1 under Ubuntu 11.10

You need to install macfanctld from the MacTel PPA: https://launchpad.net/macfanctld

Download link: https://launchpad.net/~mactel-support/+archive/ppa/+sourcepub/2028802/+listing-archive-extra

Do it quickly, before your computer blows up.


i think its because by default the root owns the files and has rights 0600

sudo nano /etc/default/automysqlbackup

  Backup directory location e.g /backups
  Folders inside this one will be created (daily, weekly, etc.), and the
  subfolders will be database names. Note that backups will be owned by
  root, with Unix rights 0600.


Well, turns out that there is, in fact, something like this. I saw it on the OMG! Ubuntu site, and here is the link: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/09/spotlight-like-tool-coming-to-pear-os-other-distros

NOTE: This program is still in development, so it isn't fully stable yet and

  Quote: (from article): Indicator-Search is currently in development so only install it if you’re okay with bugs, crashes and unexpected behaviour.

Sadly, there, so far, isn't a keyboard shortcut like on mac (no ⌘+Space to open Spotlight) though I'm sure there is a work-around.


Nice Mockups!

The usual place for submitting such work is the Ayatana mailing list. It's a rather active place, and can be a little overwhelming, but you will get a lot of good feedback there, and it might likely generate some interest from the actual developers.


Explanation Needed: Installing Ubuntu in EFI mode

To put it simply, the only major difference between installing ubuntu in UEFI mode and normal mode is the installation of grub in the GPT partition (grub-gpt instead of grub-bios).

Please refer to the following documentation and especially the part about how booting your Ubuntu CD in EFI mode and how to tell if it was done properly:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

I'd highly recommend creating recovery media for your Windows 8 installation (which is normally done through a pre-installed tool on your Windows installation that comes with your laptop) plus copy or move your files/documents/videos/music/data to a USB or some other external media. And also I'd like to point to the fact that even if something goes wrong your laptop's hardware shouldn't be damaged and as long as you have the recovery disks on hand you can always go back to where you were before (as long as you didn't have any non-backed-up files on your disk).

I've done the above successfully with Ubuntu 13.04 and Linux Mint 15 and 14 before that.


How to format a USB drive showing unallocated space?

I had the same problem. Do a search for using the non-graphical parted command for the task. I will not repeat the steps here, as you can easily find it. Basically, you put a partition on the drive followed by a file system. Then using the chmod command, give read and write permissions to the drive.


Hotspot failed authentication on Android - Ubuntu 16.04

Well, I managed to get it to work after spending some time trying different settings. This is what I have done:

I set the security to "WEP 40/128-bit Key (Hex or ASCII)".
Then I chose a key of length exactly 13, as this is the only key-length for which the save button would get activated. This sounds extremely weird, but it could have something to do with the encryption algorithm or something, or just a funny bug.
Leave the WEP index to 1 and Authentication set to Open System

I know this is a rather old question but I think people might still find this to be useful.


You can find lots of marketing materials on Spread Ubuntu, they have some great looking SVG posters which can be downloaded and edited using Inkscape. You may also be interested in joining the Ubuntu Marketing Team or the Ubuntu Art Team which are both involved in created posters and logos.

You can also find some nice materials on openclipart, while not Ubuntu related they do have svgs which are useful for making materials.

There are some good designs available in the Ubuntu deviantArt group, but be careful of the licensing which is shown on each work individually.

Don't forget to upload your own results after editing to share with others. If it's Ubuntu specific, then spread ubuntu is a great place to upload to.

An important note to consider when making Ubuntu posters is the licensing. Make sure to only get your source materials as either public domain (such as openclipart) or free creative commons licenses such as CC-BY and CC-BY-SA. This will guarantee that you can continue to collaborate and share your work with others without restrictions.


What could be causing the document reader to crash?

There is more than one PDF reader for Ubuntu.  I strongly recommend you try other readers before trying very hard to fix the one which doesn't work.  Just open the software center, type PDF, and then pick one.  "

It occurs to me that if you are using the google chrome or chromium browsers, you may be viewing using an online pdf viewer that may be failing for other reasons.  I've found google chrome to be unstable lately, and I'm not alone.


You can use process substitution

pr -m <(cmd1) <(cmd2)

though in your case, since you have one command and one file:

ls -l | pr -m - bla.txt


How to know the installed Ubuntu version is beta2 or final release

Try using this command to show full release info:

cat /etc/*release


Gajim bug; how to safely upgrade to newest version?

This PPA doesn't contains packages for the latest version (currently 0.16.1).

A daily package from mercurial is also built. Your settings will be used. But no one can give you a guarantee that a nightly version will be stable.

To use it, remove gajim:

apt-get remove gajim

Edit your /etc/apt/sources.list:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

and add this line:

deb ftp://ftp.gajim.org/debian unstable main

and install it by doing:

sudo apt-get install gajim-nightly

You can get the GPG key of this package by installing gajim-dev-keyring package from the same repository. Just do:

suso apt-get install gajim-dev-keyring

The last option is to compile the application. And your settings will be used there.


Cannot use Retroarch on 15.04, GUI seems unresponsive to mouse

retroarch defaults toto keyboard. Use z and x to select options and arrows to navigate up and down. Use arrows to scroll down to settings. Press X. Scroll down to Menu and press X. then scroll down to mouse support and press X to turn on the mouse.
Don't forget to save your configuration

Hope this helps


How to rename multiple files depending on its parent directories name in linux?

maybe this can help you:

cd bp
for subdir in ./*; do mv -v ./"$subdir"/*.nii ./"$subdir"/"$subdir".nii; done;


Launching LibreOffice Files - Unusual Window Behaviour

This was not happening on my system until I tried to maximize the document window by using the mouse to slam the window against the top panel. Not knowing my own strength I ended up with the top of the window stuck under the top panel. I had to close the window using the file menu. Since then I got the same behaviour as you whenever I opened the document by a double click on the document file.

I found that the answer was to open and close the document a few times using the Launcher to load the program and then use the program's File Menu>Recent Documents to open the document. The first time I tried this the maximized document showed the same behavior as you described. It was only after repeating this a few times that the document's window behaviour went back to normal.

It is also useful to know that a double click on a window's top panel will maximize the window and that a double click on the desktop's top panel will minimize a window. In case it happens again.

I have tried to repeat this experiment but I have been unable to.

Regards.


How to find incomplete downloaded files of updated OS?

Now after realising that 17.04 is not a LTS version I don't wanna update my OS...

LTS or not, you should ALWAYS update your OS! If you don't like non-LTS versions, don't install them. Updates are delivered to fix errors, so you should install them.

Just do

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

and if mentioned in the output of above:

sudo apt autoremove

Downloaded packages are kept in /var/cache/apt and partial downloaded packages in partial in that directory. You can delete the files in /var/cache/apt, but it will be downloaded again next time you update, and the content of partial will normally be deleted when packages are fully downloaded. To delete the contents of /var/cache/apt/partial, you can run

sudo apt clean


Can I install Ubuntu to a USB3 flash drive to play Steam games?

There's no reason why you couldn't: to Ubuntu, the flash drive will just be a normal disk, so any software you install in Ubuntu will work properly.


If you are sure about placement of those two required files in /boot then the only place you can do mistake is Step 1.

I mean

root=(hd0,0)

as they are saying

  Replace the root partition with the drive and partition on which your
  /boot is located. You can look at and copy the root line of any
  existing boot menu entry if you are at all unsure what this is, or you
  can try tab-completing after root ( or root (hd0,

To know your root partition , there it self type as

root

and then press a TAB key , it will automatically choose that.

hope that helps.


How to deleting files depending on their usage?

You'll want to use the timestamp property on the files in question. I'd recommend writing a simple script in bash something like this:

#!/bin/bash
for i in `ls -1 *.log`
  do
    myfile=`ls -l $i | awk '{print $6,$7,$9}'`
    if [[ ${myfile% *} = 'Jan 1' ]];
    then
      echo "Removing ${myfile##* }"
      #rm ${myfile##* }
    else
      echo "Failed to remove file ${myfile##* }"
    fi
done

Give it a try. If this script gives you what you're looking for, then just remove the "#" character in front of the RM command to perform the deletion operation.


Connecting to multiple networks simultaneously?

FOUND THE SOLUTION!

Turns out that I need to add a new routing table for the additional nic and then add routing rules for it in the table. Read more for instructions in this link