Is there an offline command-line dictionary?

sdcv is the console version of Stardict.

1. Install the dictionary

Run the following command in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install sdcv

2. Download dictionary files

Download the dictionary files according to your requirements from the following sources.

List of dictd-www.dict.org Dictionaries (archived):

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GPL, 35MB, 174222 words) (download tarball from archive.org)

https://web.archive.org/web/20140428004049/http://abloz.com/huzheng/stardict-dic/misc/
Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
Jargon File - A comprehensive compendium of hacker slang illuminating many aspects of hackish tradition, folklore, and humor
GNU Linux English-English Dictionary

3. Install downloaded dictionaries

Make the directory where sdcv looks for the dictionary:

sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/stardict/dic/

The next command depends on whether the downloaded file is a .gz file or a .bz2 file.

If it is a .bz2 file:

sudo tar -xvjf downloaded.tar.bz2 -C /usr/share/stardict/dic

If it is a .gz file:

sudo tar -xvzf downlaoded.tar.gz -C /usr/share/stardict/dic

4. Done!

To search for a word use:

sdcv word


added display moves icons to extended desktop

The problem in your case is that when you are connecting the external monitor, it is by default being taken as the primary screen which is in left and you have to move your cursor to right of your extended monitor to get it on the laptop screen. This is problem is easily solved when you are using the light environments like LXDE. They have it on their monitor settings. For non LXDE environments, the package called ARandR helps a lot. Its in Ubuntu's repository, so to install it you can run the following command:

sudo apt-get install arandr

run it using:

arandr

A gui will appear like this:

now position your extended display by dragging using mouse and apply.


Tool for automating video splicing at slide transitions?

You can do this with Kdenlive. What you need to do is maximize the Timeline. Then you can see the each frame of the video. There is Installation guide in this answer


ReplicatorG Installation on Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS

According to their website you need to download application:

cd ~/Downloads
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-downloads/v2/code.google.com/replicatorg/replicatorg-0040-linux.tgz

And then install it.

tar -xf replicatorg-0040-linux.tgz
cd replicatorg-0040/

It seems that it needs access to serial ports, so you should add your user to dialout group:

sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER

Then log-out and log-in again and try to run ReplicatorG executable:

./replicatorg

Note: I'm not sure about Java. On my system it started normally using default OpenJDK (java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64). If it does not work for you with real hardware, then you can install Sun/Oracle JDK. But I hope that this is not necessary.


I have notice the same issue.  It's the system sound or Wine sound just not both.  Once the game is running if I open the system sound program and goto the application tab there is no wine apps listed either way. Not sure if this is related but it seemed like it could be.  Was working until about a month ago on Ubuntu 12.04 with 1.5.12-GuildWars2 Play on linux wine version.  Tried with other versions and same problem.


show a custom website URL and not the IP

Your website is obviously set up to redirect people from my_website.com to 11.22.33.123.:55355.

You have to set up your webserver to answer to my_website.com. In Apache this is the ServerName directive. In other web servers, it's the same idea, but different configuration lines. This answer gives quite some information on how to set up vhosts in Apache.

You must also set up your webserver to listen to port 80, and do port forwarding from your router to your webserver. In addition you probably want a service providing Dynamic DNS, so that you don't have to update your DNS recrods every time your public IP changes. Then you set the domain name you buy to point to your dynamic dns name (typically given by the provider) as a CNAME-Record.

The reason you have to type in port number, is that HTTP is by default using port 80, and https is using port 443. It runs just fine on other ports, but this has to be specified, as you have discovered.

I do not know how googles domain admin panel is, and I do not know what you have entered there. Probably you've set up some kind of WWW forwarding there, and not configured it as a CNAME (points to another DNS name) or A (points to a IP address) record. You do want CNAME record pointing to either a dynamic dns name, or an A record pointing to your IP address.

And last: no, you have to pay a registrar for your domain.

This is touching briefly the surface of the topic, but I suggest you read up on the few things I've mentioned here. Most of them will be fairly well covered in other Q&A's on Askubuntu, which you'll find by searching, and if there's more specific questions, I suggest asking those - as this question covers a fairly broad topic.


How to accelerate opening an application

Try preload and zram.

preload

Preload applications in memory - the next time you run the same app it'll open faster:

sudo apt-get install preload

zram

Compressed swap in ram - zram: http://www.webupd8.org/2011/10/increased-performance-in-linux-with.html

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:shnatsel/zram
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zramswap-enabler

..and restart your computer.


This is because a program run through wine cannot be run by another user, because if every user could use the same program with wine the program could access any file from any user, which is a security issue.

An easy way to get what you want is to create a wineprefix with a copy of Office for each user (default is ~/.wine), then make them run their own version.

Another way of doing this is to create a user specifically to run wine (let's call it wine_user) :

useradd --no-create-home wine_user
sudo chown -R wine_user /opt/windows/

Then you can add your users to the /etc/sudoers file to allow them to use wine as wine_user, as decribed here :

maksim  ALL=(wine_user) NOPASSWD:ALL
anna    ALL=(wine_user) NOPASSWD:ALL

Now that everything is set up, you should be able to run Office with these users (you can put this command in a script or shortcut for simplicity) :

sudo -u wine_user wine /opt/windows/office.exe

I did not tested this myself, so it might not work as expected. Please tell me if anything is wrong. Note that with this method the files created by the program will be owned by wine_user thus shared between your users unless they explicitely run chown <user> myfile


How to combine output of an app with usb microphone for recording?

Conceptually I decided to create two virtual sinks:

"record_as_input" which all my apps route their audio to, but it will also be routed to my main soundcard so I can still hear the apps
"combined_input" which combines record_as_input(apps) and my microphone(my voice)

pactl load-module module-null-sink sink_name="combined_input" sink_properties=device.description="combined_input"

pactl load-module module-null-sink sink_name="record_as_input" sink_properties=device.description="record_as_input"

So I can still hear the audio:
pactl load-module module-loopback source=record_as_input.monitor sink=alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo

Route the recorded apps to the combined sink:
pactl load-module module-loopback source=record_as_input.monitor sink=combined_input

Route the mic to the combined sink:
pactl load-module module-loopback source=alsa_input.usb-AKM_AK5370-00.mono-fallback sink=combined_input

Change the default source so that programs like Discord can use the Default input device:
pacmd set-default-source combined_input.monitor

You can find your sources and sinks with:
pactl list short sources
pactl list short sinks

Now you need to route the audio with pavucontrol as follows:
Loopback from Monitor of record_as_input -> Your main output/speakers
Loopback from Monitor of record_as_input -> combined_input
Loopback from AK5370 I/F A/D Mono (your microphone) -> combined_input
Firefox (or any other app) -> record_as_input

If you no longer need an app to be mixed into your default input, then change it back to your main output/speakers.
To make the settings permanent I've added the above commands (without pactl/pacmd) to the end of /etc/pulse/default.pa


touchpad Detected but not working in Ubuntu 14.04 on toshiba satellite p75 a7200

I have a Toshiba Satellite, as well & I'm facint the same problem. I'm still searching for a real solution, but there is a possible way to handle this bug - in case, you have windows on your laptop, too. My experience is: if I enable touchpad during windows workflow (Fn+F9 here), then it works (after reboot) in Ubuntu, as well; but if I disable it in windows, I can't enable it in Ubuntu... Horrible! :)


How can I get the Nvidia driver to drive my projector at 1280x720?

Success!

After many hours of blindly fooling around with xorg.conf and xrandr, I found a solution that works.

The problem appears to be:

The Nvidia driver insists on using EDID data from the display rather than anything set by xrandr or in xorg.conf.
For some reason the Nvidia driver couldn't read the EDID data from my projector.

Thus, the solution is to provide an EDID override.  I couldn't find one for my particular display, but I was able to find one for some other 720p projector.  It works!

After getting the EDID file and putting it some place, it's installed in the xorg.conf file by adding a line like this to the "Screen" section of xorg.conf:

Option         "CustomEDID" "CRT-0:/path/to/edid.bin"

Here "CRT-0" is where the projector is connected: to the VGA port.

One more additional complication is that I couldn't actually find a binary EDID file.  Instead, by searching for "720p EDID file", I found some .INF files that contain EDID information extracted by some Windows program.  These are Windows .ini format files.  They contain the actual EDID information in a block that looks like this:

[OVERRIDDEN-EDID_AddReg]
;Base EDID
HKR,EDID_OVERRIDE,"0",0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x00,0x3D,0xCB,0x81,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0
0,0x00,0x11,0x01,0x03,0x80,0x6E,0x3E,0x78,0x0A,0xEE,0x91,0xA3,0x54,0x4C,0x99,0x26,0x0F,0x50,0x54,0x20,0x0
0,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1D,0x00,0x7
2,0x51,0xD0,0x1E,0x20,0x6E,0x28,0x55,0x00,0x53,0x6F,0x42,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x01,0x1D,0x80,0x18,0x71,0x1C,0x1
6,0x20,0x58,0x2C,0x25,0x00,0x53,0x6F,0x42,0x00,0x00,0x9E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x54,0x58,0x2D,0x53,0x5
2,0x38,0x30,0x35,0x0A,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFD,0x00,0x3B,0x3D,0x1E,0x2E,0x08,0x00,0x0A,0x2
0,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x01,0x5A

To turn that into a binary file, I wrote the following tiny Python script:

#!/usr/bin/python

# first item was 0x01

s = "0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x00,0x3D,0xCB,0x81,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x11,0x01,0x03,0x80,0x6E,0x3E,0x78,0x0A,0xEE,0x91,0xA3,0x54,0x4C,0x99,0x26,0x0F,0x50,0x54,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1D,0x00,0x72,0x51,0xD0,0x1E,0x20,0x6E,0x28,0x55,0x00,0x53,0x6F,0x42,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x01,0x1D,0x80,0x18,0x71,0x1C,0x16,0x20,0x58,0x2C,0x25,0x00,0x53,0x6F,0x42,0x00,0x00,0x9E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x54,0x58,0x2D,0x53,0x52,0x38,0x30,0x35,0x0A,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFD,0x00,0x3B,0x3D,0x1E,0x2E,0x08,0x00,0x0A,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x01,0x5A"

s = "".join(map(lambda x : chr(int(x, 16)), s.split(",")))

f = open("edid.bin", "w")
f.write(s)
f.close()

Note that you have to remove the first three fields from the line in the .inf file: "HKR,EDID_OVERRIDE,"0",0x01".

To verify that the resulting EDID file was valid, I used parse-edid (part of the read-edid package):

tobin@thinktop:~/pathname/$ parse-edid edid.bin
parse-edid: parse-edid version 2.0.0
parse-edid: EDID checksum passed.

    # EDID version 1 revision 3
Section "Monitor"
    # Block type: 2:0 3:fc
    Identifier "TX-SR805"
    VendorName "ONK"
    ModelName "TX-SR805"
    # Block type: 2:0 3:fc
    # Block type: 2:0 3:fd
    HorizSync 30-46
    VertRefresh 59-61
    # Max dot clock (video bandwidth) 80 MHz
    # DPMS capabilities: Active off:no  Suspend:no  Standby:no

    Mode    "1280x720"  # vfreq 60.000Hz, hfreq 45.000kHz
        DotClock    74.250000
        HTimings    1280 1390 1430 1650
        VTimings    720 725 730 750
        Flags   "+HSync" "+VSync"
    EndMode
    Mode    "1920x540"  # vfreq 60.053Hz, hfreq 33.750kHz
        DotClock    74.250000
        HTimings    1920 2008 2052 2200
        VTimings    540 542 547 562
        Flags   "Interlace" "+HSync" "+VSync"
    EndMode
    # Block type: 2:0 3:fc
    # Block type: 2:0 3:fd
EndSection

So it appeared valid.  Indeed, after restarting the X server, I was able to go into the Ubuntu Display settings and click "Detect Displays".  It sees my fake 'ONKYO Corporation 50"' display and happily drives it at 1280x720.  Required one more X reset to get everything working.

...And this is why we love Linux. (-:


Installation of a Canon MF8380Cdw on Ubuntu 14.04LTS

I had this exact problem on Ubuntu GNOME 14.04 LTS, and fixed it by installing the following packages. Yes, some of these are 32-bit packages on a 64-bit system.

sudo apt-get install libglade2-0 libstdc++6:i386 libxml2:i386 libjpeg62:i386 libbeecrypt7:i386 libbeecrypt-dev:i386

These packages are installed if you run the install.sh script included in the driver download.


switch to latest release 11.10
I am using it no problems so far all Fn keys brightess touch pad volume are working a ok.

I own Dell N5110 and using it as my primary machine with ubuntu 11.10


Trying to verify signature of Wasabi-1.1.12.3.deb package but it won´t find the file (THE FILE IS THERE)

Silly question, but you did read step 2 at least twice, right?

There is the .deb file and, under the green button, a blue "Signature" link that points to the .asc file. Both will need to be located in the same directory.
-rw-rw-r-- 1 jason jason 69997812 12月  7 23:22 Wasabi-1.1.12.3.deb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 jason jason      499 12月  7 23:23 Wasabi-1.1.12.3.deb.asc

Now you can then perform Step 3 and verify the .deb:
$ gpg --verify Wasabi-1.1.12.3.deb.asc

gpg: assuming signed data in 'Wasabi-1.1.12.3.deb'
gpg: Signature made 2020年12月07日 23時22分15秒 JST
gpg:                using RSA key 6FB3872B5D42292F59920797856348328949861E
gpg: Can't check signature: No public key

So long as the RSA key matches what is listed on the website, you can move on to the next step.


Don't know if you still stuck with this issue (probably not) but I had the same problem yesterday and I found the solution for it on this post answer Ubuntu 20.04 user not listed to login.
Hope that could help you too.
Best regards.


Why the Enter key in a Mac keyboard is mapped to Level?

Ok the following seems to have fixed it permanently for me:

> /usr/bin/xmodmap -e 'keycode 104 = KP_Enter'
> xmodmap -pke > ~/.Xmodmap

I shouldn't have to do this, someone please fix the English (UK, Macintosh) keyboard layout (for full-size aluminium Mac keyboard) that comes with Ubuntu 12 and save others this annoyance...


gPodder: "cannot open device" (iPod nano 5G)

Here's an excerpt from the gPodder Manual:

Devices Preferences

Click the Devices tab to see gPodder’s options for portable media player devices.

Device type: Choose the type of device from this drop-down list that matches your player. The available options are:

Filesystem-based - Choose this device if your media player is treated like a simple USB storage device, and media files are added by copying them to a directory on the device.

Note that as of version 3.2.0, gPodder only supports syncing with filesystem-based devices. Check the user documentation for your device if you’re unsure what kind it is.

Mountpoint: Click this button to choose the mount point where your media player normally appears on your system.


Can't connect to Asus Wi-Fi repeater in Ubuntu

DNS query for AAAA with an OPT record causes the crash and reboot of the RP-AC55.
I reported the issue to the support (we will see the outcome) but you may disable OPT as a workaround for now.

/etc/resolv.conf is managed by the systemd-resolved service. Best would be to disable OPT at its level but I doubt it's possible so..

# systemctl disable --now systemd-resolved
# mv /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf_back
# systemctl restart NetworkManager.service
After a while you should /etc/resolv.conf file without options edns0 and nameserver you need.

If you want to experiment more:

# apt-get install tcpreplay wireshark
# echo 1MOyoQIABAAAAAAAAAAAAP//AAABAAAAF5KkXEZEAwBVAAAAVQAAAAAIogvECTBSy4RecQgARQAARxPgQABAEQrlCgAB0ggICAictgA1ADOaBkTsAQAAAQAAAAAAAQN3d3cGZ29vZ2xlA2NvbQAAHAABAAApBLAAAAAAAAA= | base64 -d > asus-rp-ac55-DoS.pcap

To crash the router run:

# tcpreplay -L 1 --intf1 wlp58s0 asus-rp-ac55-DoS.pcap

To see what's inside of the packet:

# wireshark -r asus-rp-ac55-DoS.pcap


The accepted answer is not a proper way to do this.

You should read: Whats the simplest way to edit and add files to "/var/www"? and follow the suggestions there.


Dual boot XP and Ubuntu, XP installed first

I saw the edit:

If you want another Windows OS, you have to make a new partition, then install Windows on it.
After that you will have to repair Grub. - https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair - a tutorial on how to do that

Why repair Grub ? - Because Windows boot loader rewrites Grub, and you can no longer access Ubuntu

If you want only Windows OS's on your PC, then you should follow this guide : http://www.howtogeek.com/141818/how-to-uninstall-a-linux-dual-boot-system-from-your-computer/

As far as I understood, you can't access Windows ?
If that's the problem:

Check If Windows XP is in the boot list. If it's not: download Grub Customizer (google it for help with installing it). After you download it you should add your Windows partiton.

(I am dual-booting WinXp and Ubuntu too and I have faced this issue.)

http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/43471/how-to-configure-the-linux-grub2-boot-menu-the-easy-way/ - a link to how to install and work with Grub Customizer)

If your problem is that you see Windows XP in the list, but cannot boot into it, because it gives an error like - Hal.dll not found, the you should do this:

Boot into Ubuntu
Open your C: drive
You should see a file boot.ini and a file boot.ini.bak
Open both files and copy the content from boot.ini.bak to boot.ini

I will edit my answer as soon as I figure out something that can help you

if things go wrong:

Grub-Customizer made Windows 7 disappear from Gurb2


Error in Makefile, Cannot Set Shell to /bin/bash (WSL)

GNU make is parsing the trailing whitespace after the SHELL := /bin/bash as part of the executable name. As noted in GNU make: How to Use Variables

  You can also use them to introduce controlled leading whitespace into
  variable values. Leading whitespace characters are discarded from your
  input before substitution of variable references and function calls;
  this means you can include leading spaces in a variable value by
  protecting them with variable references, like this:

nullstring :=
space := $(nullstring) # end of the line

  Here the value of the variable space is precisely one space. The
  comment `# end of the line' is included here just for clarity. Since
  trailing space characters are not stripped from variable values, just
  a space at the end of the line would have the same effect (but be
  rather hard to read). If you put whitespace at the end of a variable
  value, it is a good idea to put a comment like that at the end of the
  line to make your intent clear. Conversely, if you do not want any
  whitespace characters at the end of your variable value, you must
  remember not to put a random comment on the end of the line after some
  whitespace, such as this:

dir := /foo/bar    # directory to put the frobs in

  Here the value of the variable dir is /foo/bar (with four trailing
  spaces), which was probably not the intention. (Imagine something like
  $(dir)/file with this definition!)


Can you get a Source RPM to build as a DEB?

Fundamentally no - because of the way RPM and DEB packages go about managing packages building a DEB straight from src.rpm isn't likely.

You can still build RPMs with Ubuntu using the rpm pacakge (sudo apt-get install rpm) Once that's intalled you can run rpmbuild on the rpm src as you would on a RH system. Then continue with your conversion to DEB via Alien or however else you would.


I cant splot with , pm3d map, my data file? Gnuplot

Your datafile must have the appropriate grid format (xyz or matrix -> these two links should clarify [1], [2]). Following the xyz format your x column must be arranged in a way that there is a blank line between every change in x-value.

For example a xyz grid format is:

# X   Y    Z
  0   0    0
  0   1    1
  0   2    4
  0   3    9
  0   4   16
  0   5   25

  1   0    1
  1   1    2
  1   2    5
  1   3   10
  1   4   17
  1   5   26
  ... ... ...

The reason for this grid format is that you aim to plot a 2D projection of contour-isolines since you use pm3d map.

However, notice that if your datafile contains data e.g. as a result of a function, this doesn't mean necessarily that they have a grid format and you have to find a programming way in order to give them this format. Maybe this TAB format, that i am unaware of, has data in "grid" format and needs just the sorting of x column and the addition of blank lines.


The installation window don't show a root file system for choose in the installation of Ubuntu, the manual didn't help me

I read this 2 forums and I found the solution

Empty partition menu when installing 14.04 - AskUbuntu
[SOLVED] Clean Installation [Archive] - Ubuntu Forums

Then I wrote in the terminal

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo dmraid -Er /dev/sda

Then the terminal show me a message like Do you really want to erase "isw" ondisk metadata on /dev/sda ?, I wrote y (yes) and enter. This works and I can see the partition menu with normality. I don't know why this works, but did it.


/etc/default/locale permission denied help

You can do it by:

sudo update-locale

You need administrative permissions to run this command.


In order to boot from a CD or USB, it is usually necessary to change the boot device priority in your BIOS. To do so, reboot the computer and, as soon as it turns on again but before the OS starts loading, hit del or F2 or whichever key your machine uses.

Unfortunately, different motherboard manufacturers have different keys to enter the BIOS setup. There is usually a message telling you something along the lines of "Press X to enter SETUP" where X is the key you need to hit. For example:

Once there, you need to find something that looks like this:

Then, a screen like this where you can set your CD to be the 1st boot device:

Unfortunately, the details will vary depending on your machine. You'll have to play with it a bit to figure it out. The basic idea is that you need to tell your machine to try to boot from the CD instead of the hard drive. It won't always do so by default.


Install packages without root permissions

You should manually unpack the deb, place files somewhere and ensure it has access to the libs it need. Chroot command may help to use dpkg or apt-get, though I don't think many people did it.
If you want to make a machine, where you don't need root passwd at all, you should use sudo extensively. Sudo can be tuned to allow only given commands with given parameters passwordless.


Enable/Disable sidebar in Nautilus (aka Files)

Ubuntu 17.10 and later
Open Files and click the downward point triangle in at the right side of the Files activity in the upper left corner of the desktop to show the Files popup menu. The Files Activity is underlined by an orange line when it is clicked as shown in the below screenshot. Then from the Files menu click Sidebar. The Files sidebar is shown when there is a check mark to the left of the Sidebar item in the Files Activity popup menu.

Ubuntu 14.04-17.04

Open Files and hover the mouse over Files in the upper left corner of the desktop to show the Files menu.
Select View -> either Show Sidebar  or Sidebar (depending on the Ubuntu version). The Files sidebar is shown when there is a check mark to the left of the Sidebar item in the Files -> View menu.


I actually solved the problem. Now raise hand works but only when the window is completely full screen or small windowed. Does not work with the "full screen but you see the dock and the top bar mode" (don't know the actual name) which is the mode I normally use, but making the window smaller when I want to raise my hand is not that bad. Turns out I should have tried that before I wrote here. Thanks for your help.
P.S the Alt+Y shortcut also dos not work- but that is a software issue that cannot be resolved here again thanks!


Is it possible to add/change your profile picture?

Of course. Open the System Settings, then open User Accounts, select your user and simply click the profile picture. In the pop-up there should be a button to browse for more images if you want that.


Nope. you can't expect to run bash commands in an expect interpreter, just like you can't run perl commands in a python interpreter -- they're different languages. If you want to run some bash commands that require user interaction (sudo), then you have to spawn bash

set prompt {\$ $}    ; # this is a regular expression that should match the
                       # *end* of you bash prompt. Alter it as required.
spawn bash
expect -re $prompt

send "sudo ifdown usb0\r"
expect {
    "[sudo] password for stud:" {
        send "FirstPassword\r"
        exp_continue
    }
    -re $prompt
}
send "sudo ifup usb0\r"
expect -re $prompt

send "ssh root@10.9.8.2\r"
expect "root@10.9.8.2's password:"
send "SecondPassword\r"
expect eof


I have googled around and it seems (for some) that there is a bug in the latest Ubuntu software version of Nodejs that causes the segmentation fault that you are haveing

The best way to install it is by getting node from the source and compiling it.

I have setup a simple script on a Github gist that will take care of it.

#!/bin/sh
# Update System
echo "System Update"
apt-get -y update
echo "Update completed"
# Installing the applications needed to build Nodejs
apt-get -y install libssl-dev git-core pkg-config build-essential curl gcc g++ checkinstall
# Download & Unpack Node.js - v7.3.0
echo "Download Node.js - v7.3.0"
mkdir /tmp/node-install
cd /tmp/node-install
wget https://nodejs.org/dist/latest/node-v7.3.0.tar.gz
tar -zxf node-v7.3.0.tar.gz
echo "Node.js download & unpack completed"
# Install Node.js
echo "Compiling and installing Node.js"
cd node-v7.3.0
./configure && make && checkinstall --install=yes --pkgname=nodejs --pkgversion "7.3.0" --default
echo "Node.js install completed! Deleting The /tmp files"
rm -rf /tmp/node-install
echo "If you have made it this far in the script with no errors popping up all is well have a good day"

Make sure and use sudo chmod a+x /path/to/file/install_nodejs_latest.sh to make sure it will start. Then use sudo sh /path/to/file/install_nodejs_latest.sh to start it. (It must me ran with sudo for all the commands to fire correctly)

The script removes the old nodejs, npm and all node modules.

It will update npm at the end of the script.

Every once and awhile it is recommended to do sudo npm install -g npm (If you want the latest) because npm upgrades faster then node js does

after the script is complete run npm -v and node -v If the versions pop up then run sudo npm install -g phonegap,sudo npm install -g cordova,sudo npm install -g less also if you want to update any of the modules in the future all you have to do is install it again and that will override the preveous one. expressjs is for an app by app bases so it's not recomended to install it globally


HEVC and VP9 decoders are missing on your system. To install VLC HEVC plugin try:

sudo apt-get install vlc-plugin-libde265

You could also try out MP4Client Player from GPAC.

Edit: GPAC will for sure play HEVC content but I'm not sure if it also supports VP9. Please ensure to install Latest available binaries from the GPAC site and avoid using apt-get install gpac in this case.


Camera not working with Ubuntu, solution's stopped working (FacetimeHD, Macbook Air)

I was getting the same "modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'facetimehd': Exec format error" after upgrading.  Making 'clean' before making facetime-firmware and bcwc_pcie fixed it for me.  Although, you shouldn't have to do this if you are downloading a fresh copy of of the source code into an empty directory.
sudo apt-get install git
sudo apt-get install curl xzcat cpio
git clone https://github.com/patjak/facetimehd-firmware.git
cd facetimehd-firmware
make clean
make
sudo make install
cd ..
sudo apt-get install kmod libssl-dev checkinstall
git clone https://github.com/patjak/bcwc_pcie.git
cd bcwc_pcie
make clean
make
sudo make install
sudo depmod
sudo modprobe -r bdc_pci
sudo modprobe facetimehd
sudo nano /etc/modules
**add line "facetimehd", write out (ctl+o) & close**


How to install libboost_version1.59 or newer on Ubuntu16.04

To get the latest go to boost on SourceForge, then:

Download and extract with tar -xf boost_X_XX_X.tar.gz where XX is the version number, like tar -xf boost_1_62_0.tar.gz.

cd boost_X_XX_X

Get required libraries:
 sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install build-essential g++ python-dev autotools-dev libicu-dev libbz2-dev libboost-all-dev

Build with: ./bootstrap.sh --prefix=/usr/local

Install with: sudo ./b2 install

Please note you can also get the version currently on your version of Ubuntu can be gotten at the libboost-dev package page on UbuntuUpdates.


Middle clicking the icon in the launcher should open a new instance.


How can I know which options have been passed to ./configure while compiling / building a Debian package?

It may not be possible in a fully general sense, but if your deb came from Debian or Ubuntu directly (i.e., not a third-party deb), then it is required to be reproducible by autobuilders which do something like the following:

Start with a bare system- all Essential: yes or Priority: Required packages, plus build-essential, and any extra dependencies of these
Satisfy the build-depends and build-conflicts of the package to be built
Also satisfy build-depends-indep and build-conflicts-indep if appropriate, as determined by build type
Run debuild

You can read the precise steps that debuild takes in its man page, but the parts you probably care about are

debian/rules build  (this should do all the configuration and building)
fakeroot debian/rules binary (this should "install" the built package into a directory tree which will be assembled into the final deb)

tl;dr: If the package build procedure did any ./configure-ing at all, you should find it in debian/rules.


Installing Ubuntu Server on RAID 1 array

Essentially, I got this to work by following the instructions found here, and I can confirm that these instructions work for Ubuntu Server as well, with a few modifications:

How to install Ubuntu 14.04/16.04 64-bit with a dual-boot RAID 1 partition on an UEFI/GPT system?


How do I make openbox look like the default Ubuntu theme?

First, (if you don't already) install Openbox and themes:

sudo apt-get install openbox openbox-themes

Now that you've got openbox installed, you need to replace your current window manager with openbox - for Unity 3D, you can't do this, for Unity 2D, do Alt+F2 and run openbox --replace.

Download the theme from here

Then, open the "Openbox configuration manager".

select the "Install a new theme" button, navigate to the .obt file, then install it.

Select the theme Ambiance_ob_test, and your windows should start looking like the default Ambiance theme (as close as you can get them at least).


Ubuntu Desktop 16.04.01 hangs 2-3 times a day

I had the same problem with low resource Ubuntu Server some days back.

Somehow, let diagnose this problem.

Optimize the Ubuntu for best performance

Use the following steps:

1.Try the following command to see the process taken by the users.

$ top

2.Try clearing the Cache

Every Linux System has three options to clear cache without interrupting any processes or services.

$ sudo su

Clear PageCache only.

# sync; echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

Clear dentries and inodes.

# sync; echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

Clear PageCache, dentries and inodes.

# sync; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

3.Stopping Auto Update

Last one is stopping auto updates of Ubuntu if done this the Ubuntu will not be able to run the update manually too ( apt-get upgrade ). You need to reverse this for manual update.

cd /etc/apt
ls # you will find the sources.list file
cp sources.list sources.list.bak # taking backup of file
sudo nano sources.list

Add # to all the sources of Ubuntu.

This will permanently disable auto update if you need to update the Ubuntu the above process should be reversed.

All the above commands can be executed in a single command too.

cd /etc/apt && sudo cp sources.list sources.list.bak && sudo sed -i -e 's/^/#/g' sources.list

These are the best ways of optimizing the Ubuntu.


I have only encountered this once before and solved it by disabling wake on LAN in the system BIOS.


Ubuntu very slow boot after chaning driver (Nvidia)

After some reseach I think I finally solved this problem, since seems like my RStudio wasn't performing properly with X.Org,so basically in the "Software & Update" > "Additional Drivers" changed to Nvidia-driver-390 (proprietary) as I used to think this is more "reliable", then I had several other problems with crashing nautilus, slow boot, etc. So then I went ot Nvidia website to check which is the proper driver, and it shows the nvidia-driver-410 (open source), once I changed to that driver, up to now I don't see any issue.


OpenVPN: IP check looks good but doesn't seem right

By default, when an OpenVPN client is active, only network traffic to and from the OpenVPN server site will pass over the VPN. General web browsing, for example, will be accomplished with direct connections that bypass the VPN.

Add the following directive to the server configuration file:

push "redirect-gateway def1"

If your VPN setup is over a wireless network, where all clients and the server are on the same wireless subnet, add the local flag:

push "redirect-gateway local def1"

Pushing the redirect-gateway option to clients will cause all IP network traffic originating on client machines to pass through the OpenVPN server. The server will need to be configured to deal with this traffic somehow, such as by NATing it to the internet, or routing it through the server site's HTTP proxy.

On Linux, you could use a command such as this to NAT the VPN client traffic to the internet:

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

This command assumes that the VPN subnet is xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy (taken from the server directive in the OpenVPN server configuration) and that the local ethernet interface is eth0.

When redirect-gateway is used, OpenVPN clients will route DNS queries through the VPN, and the VPN server will need handle them. This can be accomplished by pushing a DNS server address to connecting clients which will replace their normal DNS server settings during the time that the VPN is active. For example:

push "dhcp-option DNS zzz.zzz.zzz.zzz"


Does any one had tried to connect MK850 PERFORMANCE to ubuntu 16.04?

I know that it has been some time, but I would like to add that I just purchased an MK850 Keyboard and Mouse combo specifically for the Bluetooth connectivity. I'm running Ubuntu 18.04 Minimal Install on a Lenovo Flex 5. The keyboard and mouse connected without issue via Bluetooth. No need for the USB dongle. In fact, I didn't even take the USB dongle out of the box. I would say that it was kind of slow hooking up. The whole process took maybe 3 to 4 minutes however, I'm very impatient. May have been 2 minutes...

I did NOT install Solaar. Maybe this would have helped but I'm up and running so I don't see the need for it myself.


How to change the abbreviations of layouts shown in keyboard layout indicator of GNOME panel?

This method only works with Xorg*
(* Update from the original asker: It seems the changes made in an Xorg session persist after rebooting to a Wayland session.)

Introduction
Basically, GNOME-Shell seem to be obtaining the abbreviations of the keyboard layouts from a configuration file ( /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.xml).  So to change them, we first need to open the configuration file in a text editor and then change them to whatever we want!
There are two different ways to do it.  Though the graphical interface which includes the mouse or the command line interface which is only the keyboard.

Common first step
First open a terminal.
There is many way to do this.  This method is the simplistic. Press Alt + F2 on your keyboard.  You will see a dialog box come up and type in gnome-terminal or the name of your terminal.  It should look like this now.

Now, press Enter. It should close and bring up an terminal.

Form here there are two ways: First the graphical way, or the Command interface.

Graphical Method

Now type in
sudo -i gedit /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.xml

This is how it should look.

Now, press Enter and it should open the file in which we need to edit.  This is how it should look:

Now click on the bottom with the three dots. Highlighted in blue, then find and click on "Find and Replace..." Highlighted in lighter gray.

Now it should bring up an dialog

Now we can edit this file to change "en" to "Eng". This will change all of the layouts that uses "en"
Now, type into the text-box with "Find" to the left of it with this <shortDescription>en</shortDescription>
Next, with the textbook below it and text to the left that says "Replace with", type this in it <shortDescription>Eng</shortDescription>. Now it should look like this.

However, if you only want to change one layout then you will need to find it individually instead of changing all of them.  I would just used the Find function to search for the name of it which needs to be spell exactly to find it.

Now click on the button that says "Replace all" now that dialog box should disappeared with it saying it's found and replace 9 or so occurrences.

Now save it by clicking on the save button highlighted in light gray.

Now, notice that the asterisk in the title should go away like this.  If it didn't then it didn't save.

Restart your PC.  Now it should look like this.  Notice, that I did it with "eng" instead of "Eng"

Command line interface

Type in
sudo sed -i -e 's/<shortDescription>en</shortDescription>/<shortDescription>Eng</shortDescription>/g' /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.xml

Press Enter on your keyboard.

Type in your password.

Press Enter on your keyboard.

Restart your PC.


gconf has been replaced with dconf long time ago. See When to use gconf vs dconf? - around Dec 2011

Try:

dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/a11y/always-show-universal-access-status false

or

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.a11y always-show-universal-access-status false

Better to use dconf-editor (GUI tool) to browse all available options.


How to end Ubuntu-one related processes automatically?

Uhm, I could advise using an .sh file with 'sudo killall -9 ubuntuone-syncdaemon' in it. And, put it on your desktop.


Execute bash script on remote server non-interactively

Make sure that you have read security considerations

Install sshpass it's a tool for non-interactive ssh password authentication.

sudo apt install sshpass

You can use it like:

sshpass -p 'password' ssh user@server/IP

Then use it like this to run your script with its arguments:

sshpass -p 'password' ssh user@server "bash -s" < ./script.sh arg1 arg2

If it didn't work then what I suggest is to use scp and move your script to remote server, then run your command and remove the script:

sshpass -p 'password' scp script.sh user@server:/tmp/script.sh
sshpass -p 'password' ssh user@server /tmp/script.sh arg1 ar2 arg3
sshpass -p 'password' ssh user@server rm /tmp/script.sh

Security considerations  [man sshpass]

  First and foremost, users of sshpass should realize that ssh's
  insistance on only getting the password interactively is not without
  reason. It is close to impossible to securely store the password, and
  users of sshpass should consider whether ssh's public key
  authentication provides the same end-user experience, while involving
  less hassle and being more secure.

  The -p option should be considered the least secure of all of
  sshpass's options. All system users can see the password in the
  command line with a simple "ps" command. Sshpass makes a minimal
  attempt to hide the password, but such attempts are doomed to create
  race conditions without actually solving the problem. Users of sshpass
  are encouraged to use one of the other password passing techniques,
  which are all more secure.

  In particular, people writing programs that are meant to communicate
  the password programatically are encouraged to use an anonymous pipe
  and pass the pipe's reading end to sshpass using the -d option.


Application that can send files from ubuntu to windows?

Just mount your windows drive in your Linux system.

Find out which drive (partition) you are interested in. You can do this by running  sudo lsblk -f which will list all available partitions and greping for ntfs. For example, on my system, I get

sudo lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE | grep ntfs
├─sda2 ntfs     14.7G
├─sda3 ntfs     78.1G

From the output above I know that it's either sda2 or sda3. In this case, I know that the drive I am after is the 78G one so I needsda3. In all of the instructions below, make sure to replacesda3` with whatever you get for this step.
Create a mount point for the partition

sudo mkdir /media/windows

Mount the drive

sudo mount /dev/sda2 /media/windows

You should now be able to copy things to/from your drive just like any other location on your system.
Make it happen automatically.

Edit /etc/fstab and add this line (as always, change sda3 to whatever you found in step 1):

 /dev/sda3  /media/windows ntfs rw,errors=remount-ro    0   0

That's it, the drive will now be mounted automatically at /media/windows and you can use it just like any other directory.


How to interact with python scripts on geany after running, just like on IDLE

Nevermind, after some researching and some more tinkering, I have discovered a few things.

1) The proper term for it, is probably called the interactive python console

2) No need for plugins, first open a python file with geany, then just go to Build > Set Build Commands and then on the Execute commands way at the bottom, add "-i" without the quotes right after python. So it should show something like python -i "%f"


Cannot boot into Windows 7 after Kubuntu installation

I see the detailed repair link that you said you use.  While I'm sure they are important things to know and to study for when problems arise, I haven't ever had to use those details.  I'll study them later if you have problems with the easy steps that should work.

Just boot normal to Ubuntu.  Then run:

$ sudo update-grub

This should update grub to include all the bootable partitions on all your detected drives in the boot menu.

If you don't see it as an option will you give us the output of:

$ egrep "^menuentry"  /boot/grub/grub.cfg


You seem to need to reinstall systemd-sysv which provides telinit. Additional steps may be necessary if other errors are revealed, if so update your question.
Run the following command to reinstall both:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall systemd-sysv upstart

You can find what package supplies telinit by running dpkg with the search flag, see How do I find the package that provides a file?

dpkg -S telinit
systemd-sysv: /sbin/telinit
systemd-sysv: /usr/share/man/man8/telinit.8.gz
upstart: /lib/sysvinit/telinit


From wiki.ubuntu.com/DpkgTriggers:

  A dpkg trigger is a facility that allows events caused by one package but of interest to another package to be recorded and aggregated, and processed later by the interested package. This feature simplifies various registration and system-update tasks and reduces duplication of processing.

A more detailed description of dpkg triggers is here: http://lists.debian.org/debian-dpkg/2007/04/msg00076.html


Does installing ubuntu dual boot with Windows 8 preinstalled via liveusb overwrite Windows bootloader?

Boot Repair doesn't technically modify the Windows boot loader, but it does rename it. IMHO, renaming the Windows boot loader by default, as Boot Repair does, is unjustified, because this can cause problems down the road. There is an option in Boot Repair to not make this change. The recommendation to use Boot Repair is common because there are a number of common problems with EFI-mode installation, caused both by buggy EFIs and by problems in the Ubuntu installer; however, IMHO, Boot Repair should be used only as a last resort. See my page on this utility for more of my thoughts on the issue.

I'm not sure what you mean by your problem #2. Perhaps a screen shot (taken with a digital camera) would help clarify the problem.


Ubuntu 13.04 installation issues: unable to handle kernel paging request error

From experience I tried 12.10 and currently running 13.04 flawlessly BUT needless to say that I find 12.04 LTS, THE most stable release out there nopt to mention that is a Long term Support version until 2017....Did you try 12.04 yet? I would if I was you, maybe you'll have better luck with this version.

Good luck and welcome to a wonderful community....such is Ubuntu and Linux.

Luis


Splitting large pdf based on page range?

Here is a bash code (which I wrote after I asked this question). The array pagestarts contains the values of the starts of all the pages. It then puts the required pages into files called test1.pdf, test2.pdf.

#!/bin/bash
pagestarts=( 1 5 10 14 20)
i=0
lengthminus=${#pagestarts[@]}
lengthminus=$((lengthminus -1))

while [ $i -lt ${#pagestarts[@]} ]
do
if [ $i -ne $lengthminus ]; then

y=${pagestarts[$i+1]}
y=$((y-1))
pdftk input.pdf cat ${pagestarts[$i]}-$y output test$i.pdf
else
pdftk input.pdf cat ${pagestarts[$i]}-end output test$i.pdf
fi
i=$((i+1))

done


How can I delete a review in the Ubuntu Software Center?

If you check the bottom-right corner of your review, there is an Edit and a Delete button:


Globus Personal Connect: Tcllib installed, but keeps showing "tcllib not found" error

On my Ubuntu 16.04 LTS VM I have successfully launched it with:

cd ~/Downloads
wget https://downloads.globus.org/globus-connect-personal/linux/stable/globusconnectpersonal-latest.tgz
tar -xf globusconnectpersonal-latest.tgz
cd globusconnectpersonal-2.3.6/
sudo apt-get install tcllib tcl tk

and got its window after execution of ./globusconnect.

If you suspect that Anaconda is a problem and fear to break it, then you can manually change the PATH variable with

export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"

and then try to launch it from the same terminal with

./globusconnect

Or in one-line version:

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games" ./globusconnect


How to configure Evolution to use DavMail's LDAP contacts?

Here are instructions, adapted from http://davmail.sourceforge.net/thunderbirddirectorysetup.html. I successfully use these settings for my Exchange account.

In DavMail, configure your settings as recommended from http://davmail.sourceforge.net/gettingstarted.html. Note the port number that you use for Local LDAP port (e.g. 1389). You can use any port number you like that isn't already being used.

In Evolution, select File > New > Address Book.
Configure your address book with the following settings:

Address Book

Type: On LDAP Servers
Name: Exchange (or anything you want)

Server Information

Server: localhost (or the address of your DavMail server)
Port: 1389 (or the port specified in your DavMail settings)
Use secure connection: No encryption (if you're running DavMail locally or didn't enable encryption in your DavMail settings) or SSL encryption (if enabled)

Authentication

Login method: Using distinguished name (DN)
Login: (your Exchange username)

Searching

Search base: ou=people

Configure other address book settings to your liking.


Why bluez removal also removes almost all system settings?

If you want bluez 5, I recommend you upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS which includes bluez 5.


How do I pass arguments to a script added to the startup applications?

One method is to have those arguments written in a file and then access that file from the script. For example, assuming that your script is a bash script and your file with arguments is something like:

a=7
b="foo"
c=$a

you can call these arguments in your script as follow:

#!/bin/bash

source /path/to/file_with_arguments

#just for test
echo $a
echo $b
echo $c

#your code script here


Go to System Settings -> Language Support. Change the language, but let the regional formats setting remain Polish.


I want to know which implementaion of arp is used in Ubuntu 10.10?

The implementation of ARP in Linux is part of the kernel.

The kernel in 10.10 is kernel version 2.6.35 ; you can get this from git repositories.

The kernel.org repositories tend to be faster than the Ubuntu ones - I would clone from kernel.org, and then pull any branches you want from the Ubuntu repositories.

As for joining the Ubuntu developers ; hang around on Ubuntu channels on the FreeNode IRC network, sign up for a Launchpad account, find a project which you think needs improving, and contribute. You don't have to do great things - just _some_thing. A whole of little things come together to make something great.


name resolution: host command works, but not ping

I have found a solution myself so that ping works correctly again. But no answer about why this doesn't work on the computer. So I won't accept this solution, but this might help people having the same issue:

The behavior is due to the line domain . in /etc/resolv.conf somehow not behaving the same between both of the version of libc6.

I can achieve what I was looking for by forcing an unexistent local search (which is not very elegant, but works), by replacing domain . by search doesnotexist.

Then magically, all works as expected, but I get additional spurious DNS requests being sent to dnsmasq before (it tries first to resolv www.doesnotexist which fails, then tries www which exists.

This setup was required in my configuration as www and www.myactualdomainname and pointing to different IP.


How to download 12.04 with resume option?

Yes. All Ubuntu releases are distributed via bittorrent for those who prefer that to traditional direct downloads. Torrent release links are listed on the Alternative Downloads page of the main Ubuntu site.


change local directory while connected to ftp server (command line)

You'll find that with most of the commands, prefixing an l will apply it to the local, and a non-l applies to remote.  For example:

pwd on remote and lpwd on local.
cd on remote and lcd on local.


Installing any NVIDIA drivers causes 20.04 to hang on boot

Just upgraded Ubuntu 20.04 and now have the same issue. I guess there's an issue with the newer kernel, because I did a dist-upgrade. The only way this works is if I blacklist nvidia. I've tried the bleeding edge Linux kernel and the latest nVidia driver direct from their site, compiled on my system.
Recommendation: if you use Linux, avoid any laptop with nvidia graphics (eg: Thinkpad P1 gen 2). My experience with the ThinkPad has been terrible: switching between intel and nvidia requires a reboot or at the very least, restart of X. Battery life is atrocious with the nvidia turned on. External monitors don't work with nvidia turned off. Several annoying issues after upgrades. Now this crap with the hang on boot. This is not fit for purpose as a 'daily driver' Linux laptop.
The only way I can get this laptop to work right now is with nvidia blacklisted, and of course that means I can't use the external monitor (because the intel chip isn't wired to the HDMI/DP ports).
My next steps: I'm going to backtrack kernel releases until I get this working again. An upgrade killed it, a downgrade should fix it.


I'm very sorry to say but you want Ubuntu to be Windows, which is not going to happen tomorrow...  :-(

Ubuntu is based on Linux, and although it has "windows" than can be dragged around a "desktop" and that it adheres to the CUA like Windows, it's just not the same thing!  Asking for something and ruling out all possible answers is just going to leave you with an answer like this:

Sorry to be the harbinger of bad news, but what you're asking for is impossible...


My laptop gets heated when I use ubuntu 13.04

TLP is a good package to solve the heating problems in Ubuntu 13.04. It can be installed by following commands:

 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install tlp tlp-rdw smartmontools ethtool

For ThinkPads use  the following commands:

 sudo apt-get install tp-smapi-dkms acpi-call-tools tlp tlp-rdw smartmontools ethtool

Details regarding how to tweak TLP can be seen here


libz.so preventing make in OpenCV 3 on Ubuntu 16.04 with Cuda

I had the same problem.

It seems that the symbolic link of libz.so in /usr/lib is broken.

I removed that symbolic link and created the new link to the directory where my libz.so is located and run make again and everything worked as expected.


You can use MusicBrainz Picard to rewrite tags of your music library.

It should help you to reconstruct the messed up tags by downloading them from the MusicBrainz library.

If you have the title on the file name, you can start by generating tags from file names (Tools -> Generate tags from file name). Then, with this as a starting point, you can use Picard to look up on the MusicBrainz library the other tags.

Or, if you not even have the correct file name you can use the acoustic fingerprint function, enabling it from the options (see here). In practice it analyzes the song and automatically (should) recognize which song it is.


Kernel 5 uses the following multiqueue I/O schedulers:

bfq,
kyber,
mq-deadline

sudo modprobe bfq
cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
[mq-deadline] bfq none

and enable it:

echo "bfq" | sudo tee /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler

This is where I got my information from:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Reference/IOSchedulers


My windows 10 does not working, Now I want to install Ubuntu only

If you have a rooted Android phone, you can download an Ubuntu or Ubuntu flavour ISO file to your phone, then install the DriveDroid app to make your phone imitate a LiveUSB (the normal installation tool for Ubuntu).

You will need to choose the Ubuntu flavour appropriate for your PC.

Once all that's completed, the official installation instructions for Ubuntu and its flavours are found here.


I need help copying data from a table in LibreOffice Base to Calc

I have logged a bug for this see this link


For Kubuntu 19.04, install fonts-powerline using sudo apt install fonts-powerline. Your system should also have fonts-hack.
Visit this site and copy the entire script, all 348 lines as on 20190906, to ~/bin and save it as powerline.sh or whatever. Use the file manager to make the script executable.
(Note that ~/bin is by default in your system's path and so you do not need something like $HOME/bin/.powerline.sh.)
Open konsole and, from your home folder, run
echo "source powerline.sh" >> ~/.bashrc

Doing so will add
source powerline.sh

as the last line of your ~/.bashrc.
From your still open konsole window, run
source .bashrc

to reload .bashrc and use powerline.sh in the existing konsole window.
If you want to go back to the default prompt, comment out the source powerline.sh line  in ~/.bashrc by placing a # mark at the beginning of the line.
Read the contents of ~/bin/powerline.sh if you want to modify some aspects of the prompt.

Konsole, whether in Kubuntu 19.04 or Kubuntu 18.04, doesn't need fonts-powerline installed. But other terminals such as lxterminal and gnome-terminal need the package to get the triangles and the prompt to display nicely.


How to fix the boot loader with an installation disk at hand

This is covered in detail in the Ubuntu Community Documentation.


Would you give this a try on a fresh WINEPREFIX?

$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

$ sudo apt update && apt install wine32

If still broken try:

$ sudo apt -f install

Or more powerfully:

$ sudo aptitude -f install wine32

Just remember to READ carefully what aptitude is asking, for it could remove some packages along the way. It can give you several suggestions. You may keep trying and check which one can work for you, or what the source of the problem is.

Otherwise you may try PlayOnLinux as it separates each virtual machine, so you may have a better chance of a cleaner install.

As a last recourse, a badly messed up system may be a good sign for a fresh Ubuntu install. ;-)


How to monitor Network Traffic at a particual port number let "8443"

There is a program called wireshark that I think should allow you to view traffic for any port.

To install wireshark, click the ubuntu software to your left and search fore wireshark.

or..

 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install wireshark
 sudo apt-get upgrade

There is also another program called tshark very similar to wireshark but I believe you would have to install that from source.

netstat -a
sudo netstat -tulpn

shows whats going on for them port


I found the answer after some searching... it's a bug in initramfs-tools
bug reported here

The solution found there as a temporary work around is:

sudo ln -s /etc/console-setup/cached_UTF-8_del.kmap.gz /etc/console-setup/cached.kmap.gz
sudo update-initramfs -u


how to run java script in Geany application?

Fairly old question but this might help someone else.
If we assume you already installed Node.js, you should be able to use node CLI tool to run JavaScript files.
In Geany (version 1.33), go to Build -> Set Build Commands. At top, you should see Javascript commands. Add the name as you want, then add node "%f" to the Command textbar .
Now from Build tab you can run your file by selecting your customized build option.


Failing to apply updates regularly will cause your machine or devices to be more vulnerable to recently-discovered security flaws.  Take the recent Heartbleed vulnerability for instance: if you weren't watching the news and you didn't update, any SSL-protected resources may have their private keys stolen.

If you're only running your desktop machine on your LAN behind a good firewall, there's less risk than in other scenarios and the Heartbleed example becomes a little drastic.  On the other hand, you're more vulnerable to viruses and malware if you're not regularly applying updates.  Viruses targeting Linux are less common than those targeting Windows, but I think you should still be careful.

At the end of the day you have to be the judge of whether or not you are willing to take the security risk involved in not regularly applying updates, because only you know the sensitivity of your data and how important it is to you to keep it private.


Are there any desktop clients for Soundcloud?

You can try Tomahawk. There exists a Soundcloud Content Resolver. Tomahawk is abandoned.

You could install Tomahawk from a PPA for Ubuntu.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tomahawk/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tomahawk

Rhythmbox has also a Soundcloud plugin

For the Nuvola Player exists a feature request for soundcloud integration. You could mark the "bug" so that is affecting you.

Soundnode - An opensource SoundCloud app for desktop

Harmony - An opensource app for desktop, which supports Soundcloud, Spotify etc.

Cumulus - An opensource SoundCloud player that lives in your menubar.

Auryo - An opensource SoundCloud client for your desktop.


No wifi detected after today's(Apr 10 -2015) Ubuntu software update

Finally, I figured out the problem.It was  with the version of the GCC.I have two version of GCC, gcc-4.4(which I need for some CAD tools) and gcc-4.8. Unfortunately it was set to gcc-4.4 at the time of update.So I guess the driver is compiled using gcc-4.4 which was failed to load.

To resolve this,I did

Switch gcc to gcc-4.8
In Additional driver tab of Software and updates,select Do not use the device and apply changes.
Then again switch back to the additional driver(Broadcom driver in my case) shown in Additional driver tab and apply changes.


apt-get install cinnamon forces install of python-opencv

The package for cinnamon includes information about which other packages must be installed for it to work, these are dependencies.  The python-opencv package is required for cinnamon, but not the other way around (obviously).

The "correct" solution would be to find a later version of python-opencv which is packaged as a .deb file so that the package manager is aware that it is present, and can check if it meets the requirement for the cinnamon package.

You cannot simply leave the existing python-opencv package installed, and install your new version over it, because at some later time there may be a patch released which would overwrite your new version, but if you are absolutely confident that you know what you are doing, you could leave the existing python-opencv package installed, and "hold" that package so that it is not updated, and then overwrite it with your own version.... so long as your version is compiled to install in the same location.... this is definitely not for the uninitiated tho....

You would use:-

sudo apt-mark hold package_name
sudo apt-mark unhold package_name

To hold the python-opencv package at the current version, and then when compiling your new version, ensure that the PREFIX is set to /usr, not /usr/local for example.


When I plug my printer the system automatically knows its make and model

There is a command for that, and it probes the device:

Command

ieee1284_get_deviceid

  This function is for retrieving the IEEE 1284 Device ID of the specified device. The device is specified by the port to which it is attached, and optionally an address (daisy) on the daisy chain of devices on that port.

Example

A printer setup tool detects an HP LaserJet 3390 on the local USB by getting the following IEEE-1284 device ID:

MFG:Hewlett-Packard;
CMD:PJL,PML,MLC,POSTSCRIPT,PCLXL,PCL;
MDL:HP LaserJet 3390;
CLS:PRINTER;
DES:Hewlett-Packard LaserJet 3390;
MEM:MEM=53MB;
1284.4DL:4d,4e,1;
COMMENT:RES=1200x1;

By the way there is also an on-line database that can be accesses using wget: https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/en/OpenPrinting/Database/Query


HDMI -> DisplayPort / DVI adapter cable - does it work?

Generally, yes they work.

If you wanted a for sure answer, you would need to find a person that already tried it with your specific video (which you listed) and your specific monitor (which is omitted).


is there any app or workaround to blacklist or whitelist apps and websites?

Absolutely! Try Self-Control, a great application for blocking certain websites and applications for a set period of time.

The best thing about this application is that once you've started it, you can't have a moment of weakness and reverse your decision. Even if you restart your computer, uninstall the application and delete all its files, you will still have to wait until that timer runs out before you can go on Facebook or AskUbuntu again ;).

(It's worth noting that there IS a way to turn it off in case of EMERGENCIES ONLY, but I won't tell you it here as that defeats the purpose of the app)

Image and source from: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/02/self-control-ubuntu/


Dual-booting with windows 8 (lots of partitions)

Well .. thanks a lot for all of the help!!

Dual boot worked perfectly!! I hope this little script helps, this is what I've just done (and worked so far):

Installation procedure on this link helped a lot!

Once Ubuntu was Up & Running I had little issue to boot Windows 8, which I fixed with  boot-repair, also in the same link above.

Boot repair:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install boot-repair
$ boot-repair

And last step was fixing the overheating (I'm still testing but it is good so far) with bumblebee, that is for Nvidia & Intel dual graphic cards.

Installation on this wiki:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia linux-headers-generic

Thx!


Taskbar and ALT+Tab do not show gtkwave application?

Check if it switched to another desktop using Super+S keyboard shortcut or Workspace Switcher from Unity Launcher.


Your keyboard drivers seem to recognize the screen toggling, since it goes black for a while. Nevertheless, you could try turning the display on using Ubuntu's system settings:

Go to System Settings => Displays. Both your Samsung projector and the built-in display should show up, since disper detects it. In the Display window, click on the external display and try setting the screen to 'on'.

Perhaps this gives a different behaviour.


What Ubuntu server administration books does the community recommend?

The Ubuntu Server Guide(PDF) is free and written by the Ubuntu developers.


I would like to be able to take a screen shot every 6 hours and email it

I use the following function in my ~/.bashrc to create a screenshot:

screenshot ()
{
    import -window root ~/var/screenshot/$(tshhmmss)_screendump.png
}

It uses one of my personal aliases, tshhmmss (also in ~/.bashrc`):

alias tshhmmss="date +%y%b%d-%H%M%S"

Then, write a simple bash script to set DISPLAY, generate the screenshot, and mail it. Add this to your crontab, set to run every 6 hours.

You have to set DISPLAY, because import needs to find it, and cron jobs are not run under the GUI context. In a GUI terminal window, echo $DISPLAY will show the value you need.


first boot the live ubuntu 14.04
then using gparted format the partation containing ubuntu
then install the ubuntu 14.04 using manual partitioning method.


Finding files/folders containing 3 items of text

You need to use wildcards (*foo* instead of foo), multiple -name tests, and combine them with -and:

find . -name "*hello*" -and -name '*165*' -and -name "*920*" > search20170224.txt

If you have many different strings to search for, you can save them in a file where each string is a (space separated) column:

hello 165 920
goodbye 321 123

You can then iterate over the file and build the find query:

while read a b c; do
    find . -name "*$a*" -and -name "*$b*" -and -name "*$c*" > search."$a"_"$b"_"$c".txt
done


Depending on what you mean with "Is there a way to backup an individual partition that is part of a logical volume?" there are a few possible answers:

Can I continue using my current back-up software to back-up?

Yes, you can, it's just another partition..

Can I clone the partition easily for redeployment somewhere else?

Yes, you can if you set up the LVMs on the other machine like you did on the first. (or clone the entire system is possible as well)

What are the new ways of efficiently backing up with my brand-new LVM partitions?

One word: snapshots!  :-)

Head to The Linux Documentation Project for more info on snapshots.


Does LVM option delete existing operating systems?

Can you describe clearly? What is yoru other operating system? Linux or Windows？

You can need to activate the existing volume groups if you access the existing file systems (partitions / logical volumes), for example, if you boot from system rescue CD and want to access the volume group and logical volumes, you need to do the following:

vgchange -a y

Then you can show the logical volumes and mount the logical volumes

lvdisplay

mount -t fs_type /dev/volume_group_name/logical_volume_name /mnt/mount_point

Anyway, you need to provide more information before we can help.


I have already had a lot of trouble with the Bluetooth adapter on my Dell laptop. Actually, I've been having these problems ever since I started using my Bluetooth headphone together with this laptop. It sort of works when it feels like doing, kind of buggy.
However, this is a solution that has helped me a lot.
If Bluetooth remains off, no matter what you try, open terminal and enter this command to force bluetooth.service to turn on:
sudo systemctl start bluetooth.service

You can also try to stop bluetooth.service and switch it back on a while afterwards:
sudo systemctl stop bluetooth.service
sudo systemctl start bluetooth.service

It has been working for me so far. I hope that helps you too.


How to make phone calls from one PC to another

Twinkle: sudo apt-get install twinkle

Soft-phone for making telephone calls using SIP over an IP network.

Twinkle supports direct IP phone to IP phone communication or a network
using a SIP proxy to route your calls.

In addition to making basic voice calls Twinkle provides you the
following features regardless of the services that your VoIP service
provider might offer.

2 call appearances (lines)
 Multiple active call identities
 Custom ring tones
 Call Waiting
 Call Hold
 3-way conference calling
 Mute
 Call redirection on demand
 Call redirection unconditional
 Call redirection when busy
 Call redirection no answer
 Reject call redirection request
 Blind call transfer
 Call transfer with consultation (attended call transfer) (new)
 Reject call transfer request
 Call reject
 Repeat last call
 Do not disturb
 Auto answer
 Message Waiting Indication
 Voice mail speed dial
 User definable scripts triggered on call events
  E.g. to implement selective call reject or distinctive ringing
 RFC 2833 DTMF events
 In-band DTMF
 Out-of-band DTMF (SIP INFO)
 STUN support for NAT traversal
 Send NAT keep alive packets when using STUN
 NAT traversal through static provisioning
 Missed call indication
 History of call detail records for incoming, outgoing, successful and missed
 DNS SRV support
 Automatic fail-over to an alternate server if a server is unavailable
 Other programs can originate a call via Twinkle, e.g. call from address book
 System tray icon
 System tray menu to originate and answer calls while Twinkle stays hidden
 User definable number conversion rules
 Simple address book
 Support for UDP and TCP (new) as transport for SIP
 Presence
 Instant messaging
 Simple file transfer with instant message
 Instant message composition indication
 Command line interface (CLI)

VoIP security
 Secure voice communication by ZRTP/SRTP
 MD5 digest authentication support for all SIP requests
 AKAv1-MD5 digest authentication support for all SIP requests (new)
 Identity hiding

Audio codecs
 G.711 A-law (64 kbps payload, 8 kHz sampling rate)
 G.711 u-law (64 kbps payload, 8 kHz sampling rate)
 GSM (13 kbps payload, 8 kHz sampling rate)
 Speex narrow band (15.2 kbps payload, 8 kHz sampling rate)
 Speex wide band (28 kbps payload, 16 kHz sampling rate)
 Speex ultra wide band (36 kbps payload, 32 kHz sampling rate)
 G.726 (16, 24, 32 or 40 kbps payload, 8 kHz sampling rate)

For all codecs the following preprocessing options are available to improve
quality at the far end of a call.
 Automatic gain control (AGC) (new)
 Noise reduction (new)
 Voice activity detection (VAD) (new)
 Acoustic echo control (AEC) [experimental] (new)


There are two problems, first of all, the "/path/to/" is a placeholder that you should replace with the actual values. In fact, most of the time it just mean tar Downloads/df_*_linux.tar.bz2 if you downloaded DF with a browser. The other problem is due missing libraries. Since version 0.43.05, you can get 64-bits builds and watching that the default Ubuntu image offered to users is the 64-bits, this should not offer more complications than necessary.

The required libraries can be listed, after you extracted the tar file, with a simple ldd df_linux/libs/Dwarf_Fortress, and passing the library path to dpkg -S which would list the packages. Most of these would be already installed, try to find those that are "not found", which normally is the library that the libsdl-ttf2.0-0 package provides.


Chrooting sftp/scp users is relatively easy, but properly chrooting ssh users will be more difficult.

For sftp/scp, this weblink should suffice. Make sure to read all the comments, not just the highest rated ones.

For chrooting ssh users, you can have a look at Jailkit.
Very good, but it will require quite a lot of work and maintenance. The advantage is that Jailkit could offer both sftp and ssh for users.

Apart from this, Lshell could be interesting to add severe restrictions for ssh users, but last time I tried it, it would not limit navigation for sftp users.


Ubuntu 12.04 live USB installation hangs

is there al windows bootcamp then is be care full because the efi bootloader cant handel more then one bootcamps.... change than the bootloader there is a post in lifehacker how to this.

    and/or try with this program it works for me
    http://www.pendrivelinux.com/ it only for windows

        or watch this
        http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0Ae1mSICO8


Cisco Anyconnect not working on Ubuntu 18.04 with two-factor authentication

I had the same problem with AnyConnect Linux64 4.6.00362 on a 18.04 VirtualBox machine with OKTA MFA, but then upgraded the client to 4.6.04056 and the issue went away.


keyboard ctrl,alt,super still works as shift even after Swoogan/aziokbd

After couple hours of googling I finally found a solution from some of ubuntu forums. Type this in your terminal :
sudo modprobe usbmon && sudo tcpdump -i usbmon3

wait couple seconds and just press each key on your keyboard that doesn't work. Sometimes my keyboard becomes weird and starts typing 'Enter' key in endless cycle.
Unfortunately it's working until next system reboot.
Hope it will help for you too :)


Dual Booting Ubuntu as secondary on HardDisk

Normally, this is the default behavior when you install most Linux distros and it finds another OS available, whether Windows or Linux.  The methods should be the same, except that for windows, you need to make sure you install windows first.

The second Linux distro to be installed will usually detect the existing one, and create a Grub menu for both.

However, the second one will assume it is the main OS, and will setup Grub to look for the configuration file in its own partition, in /boot/grub.

One problem here may be that BackTrack appears to be based on Ubuntu, and perhaps you accidentally performed an upgrade rather than a new install.  You should create a new partition, and make sure you install it alongside the existing OS.  I usually create the partition first in gparted (actually, I already have some spare partitions for experimenting), then choose "Something Else" from the install menu.

My Setup

I have a 1 TB drive, plus a second 500 GB drive, so disk space is not at a premium for me.  I back up to the alternate drive, and also have an old Windows XP on it.

My main drive is partitioned as a single extended partition, no primary partitions at all. I created 3 or 4 20 GB partitions for my main and alternate Linux installs, some swap space, a bit of unused space for various things I've tried (such as /boot partition, /var, etc), and the rest - at the end of the partition - is a "shared" partition with audio, video, photos, documents, etc.  I create symbolic links to this in various distros I use so I always have access to my personal stuff.  I keep the home directory with the distro, and it has a lot of distro-dependent settings.

I mount the "shared" partition in any installation that needs it, using /etc/fstab to mount the partition into /mnt/shared.  The shared partition contains directories such as "Documents", "Music", "Pictures", etc, and I create links to these directories in my home directory.  The easy way to do this is to use Nautilus, highlight a directory, right-click and choose "Make a Link".  For example, I do this for /mnt/shared/documents, and Nautilus creates a link named "Link to documents".  I cut and paste this link into my home directory, and if there are any files int ~/Documents, I move them to /mnt/shared/documents.  I then delete Documents in my home directory, and rename "Link to documents" to "Documents".  If this is done without logging out, the link will inherit the special icon and will act just like the original.

Repeat this procedure for any other directories, like music, pictures, etc.

When I want to try out a version upgrade, I can copy my current version to a partition so I can go back to it, then I can upgrade without worry, and I always have my data available.  It's very easy to copy anything I need from my home directory on a different distro, such as .bashrc, etc.

The only thing to be aware of is the grub configuration.  I've accidentally deleted a partition that has the grub files, and this makes the system temporarily unbootable unless you know the drill to boot from the grub prompt - not really hard, but I usually need a guide to remember.  But the best thing is to have a bootable rescue CD, such as the Super Grub Disk, which can fix these problems easily.


"git --version" still showing the older version of git

It seems like you have two versions of git in your computer:

Version 2.7.4 which was installed by root

You didn't remove the git version 2.7.4

Version 2.9.5 which was installed locally by your user

You didn't update your path to use git 2.9.5 instead of git 2.7.4
You didn't install git as user root

In order to use git version 2.9.5, you can:

Use the newly installed git binary:

Find in your home directory, the location of the new git binary
Update your path to find first the newly installed git 2.9.5

Install git as root (see info taken from INSTALL file in git-2.17.0.tar.gz package - please review the INSTALL file in source directory of your package for more info)

           Git installation

  Normally you can just do "make" followed by "make install", and that
  will install the git programs in your own ~/bin/ directory.  If you
  want to do a global install, you can do

    $ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
    # make prefix=/usr install install-doc install-html install-info ;# as root

  (or prefix=/usr/local, of course).  Just like any program suite that
  uses $prefix, the built results have some paths encoded, which are
  derived from $prefix, so "make all; make prefix=/usr install" would
  not work.

  The beginning of the Makefile documents many variables that affect the
  way git is built.  You can override them either from the command line,
  or in a config.mak file.

  Alternatively you can use autoconf generated ./configure script to set
  up install paths (via config.mak.autogen), so you can write instead

    $ make configure ;# as yourself
    $ ./configure --prefix=/usr ;# as yourself
    $ make all doc ;# as yourself
    # make install install-doc install-html;# as root


So I chanced upon an article that explains this clearly. For new Ubuntu users, in win 10 your delete key moves your item to recycle bin. In Ubuntu, the equivalent is ctrl+del. To change this to using del only, follow the instructions at this link.

http://www.webupd8.org/2011/08/restore-delete-key-for-moving-files-to.html

In essence, it's:

1) In terminal type:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface can-change-accels true

2) Open any Nautilus window (your normal GUI interface) of any file, right click any folder or file, hover over the move to trash and press del twice to reassign del to this.


Install Mysql-worbench without the client

Try

$ sudo apt-get download mysql-workbench
Get:1 http://id.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe mysql-workbench amd64 6.0.8+dfsg-2 [7.449 kB]
Fetched 7.449 kB in 5s (1.409 kB/s)
$ dpkg --force-all -i mysql-workbench_6.0.8+dfsg-2_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get download mysql-workbench
dpkg --force-all -i FILENAME.deb

edit:

For upgrade use this command: sudo apt-get install mysql-workbench --only-upgrade


All browsers are displaying junk text.how to get the web page without junk?

Given the URL you showed us (https://www.google.co.in), try to install some Indic fonts:

sudo apt install fonts-indic


Your CPU has only 2 cores, but supports 4 concurrent threads.

This is achieved by Intel's Hyper-Threading technology that allows to run two separate threads in parallel at the same time on one single core.

So 2 cores x 2 threads per core means 4 threads per CPU.


What are all the Ubuntu one letter commands?

TL;DR: This tells you about each command whose name is a single character, though you may want to simplify or otherwise adjust it:
(set -f; type -a $(compgen -cX '!?' | sort -u))

Listing one-character commands with compgen
Bash has tab completion and offers a compgen builtin, which provides insight into how text is completed. By running compgen -c, you can list all the commands on your system. So one way to list all commands that are just one character long is to filter the output of compgen -c:
compgen -c | grep '^.$'

As steeldriver has pointed out, compgen accepts an -X option to do its own filtering. Somewhat nonintuitively, the operand to -X is a pattern whose matches are removed. It supports globbing syntax that works like filename expansion, but also supports an initial ! to negate it, achieving the desired effect here. (See Programmable Completion Builtins for more information about the syntax.) ? matches any single character, so !? matches anything that is not a single character, so -X '!?' removes everything that is not a single character, leaving only single-character commands:
compgen -cX '!?'

That shows the same results, in the same order, as piping to grep. You can pass -c and -X in one argument as -cX or (as steeldriver shows it) in two arguments as -c -X.
On my system, I get:
l
p
{
}
!
.
:
[
s
t
[
X
w

s and t on my system are scripts I wrote; you most likely don't have commands with those names. You likely do have the others.
Whether these are all really commands or not depends on what one thinks of as a command. {, }, and ! are shell keywords, like if, case, while, and for. The others (including shell builtins) are unambiguously commands in the usual sense.
The meaning of repeated results
Some commands, such as [ in the above output, may be repeated. This happens when more than one command of the same name exists. Bash offers [ as a shell builtin, but it is also an executable located in /usr/bin. Running type cmd shows what type of command cmd is and, if it is an external command, where it is located. When there is more than one command of the same name, it shows the one that will actually be used. As Kulfy has pointed out, you can see them all using type -a cmd.
$ type -a [
[ is a shell builtin
[ is /usr/bin/[

There's another source of possible duplication: on some systems, /bin and /usr/bin are actually the same directory (more precisely: /bin is a symlink to /usr/bin) and you'll see entries in both /bin and /usr/bin. For example, you may have both /bin/[ and /usr/bin/[ as well as the [ builtin, as well as both /bin/w and /usr/bin/w and both /bin/X and /usr/bin/X. These are technically separate commands, but they actually refer to the same executable.
Traditionally, /bin and /usr/bin were separate directories (so that commands in /bin would be usable even when /usr is an NFS volume that is not yet mounted). But these days this doesn't usually offer a benefit. So newer systems tend to unify them. If you're using a newer release, you probably have this, unless you upgraded to it from an older release that did not.
If you like, you can sort the output of compgen and remove duplicates:
compgen -c | grep '^.$' | sort -u

compgen -cX '!?' | sort -u

Showing details on all the commands
For more detail, you might wish to know what type of command each one is and:

for the external commands, where they are located.
for aliases and shell functions, how they are defined.

As mentioned above, Bash's type builtin will tell you all this. You can write a command that supplies the filtered output of compgen to type.
type $(compgen -c | grep '^.$')

type $(compgen -cX '!?')

That will behave badly if you have a * or ? command. That's quite unlikely, but not impossible. To safeguard against that, you may want to disable globbing:
(set -f; type $(compgen -c | grep '^.$'))

(set -f; type $(compgen -cX '!?'))

But this (with any of those four alternatives) is imperfect, because all commands of the same name have the same explanation, which is only correct for the first one. For example, on my system, I get:
l is aliased to `ls -CF'
p is aliased to `printf "\e[?2004l"'
{ is a shell keyword
} is a shell keyword
! is a shell keyword
. is a shell builtin
: is a shell builtin
[ is a shell builtin
s is /home/ek/bin/s
t is /home/ek/bin/t
[ is a shell builtin
X is /usr/bin/X
w is /usr/bin/w

You may very well only want to see information about the first occurrence of each command of the same name (e.g., the shell builtin [). After all, those are the ones that actually run, when you write a command whose first word is any of those one-character names (e.g., [ -f /bin/nano ] runs the shell builtin [, not /usr/bin/[). If so, you can sort the output of compgen and remove duplicates before handing the results to type:
type $(compgen -c | grep '^.$' | sort -u)

type $(compgen -cX '!?' | sort -u)

Or, to also safeguard against globbing:
(set -f; type $(compgen -c | grep '^.$' | sort -u))

(set -f; type $(compgen -cX '!?' | sort -u))

However, if you want information about all the commands (e.g., /usr/bin/[ as well as [), then you can pass -a to type. I recommend that you still sort and remove duplicates from the results first, or you'll get lots of repetition in the output.
type -a $(compgen -c | grep '^.$' | sort -u)

type -a $(compgen -cX '!?' | sort -u)

Or, to also safeguard against globbing:
(set -f; type -a $(compgen -c | grep '^.$' | sort -u))

(set -f; type -a $(compgen -cX '!?' | sort -u))

What commands you have varies across shell environments
Note that which one-character commands you have, like which commands you have in general, is a property of your shell environment. Different users, or different running shells by the same user, may have different commands available. The l command in Ubuntu, for example, is defined in /etc/skel/.bashrc, which is copied to ~/.bashrc when user accounts are created in the usual way.
# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'

You can thus change or remove the definition of l in your per-user ~/.bashrc. Or simply run unalias l to affect just your current shell.


How can I configure isc dhcpd to provide option 150 for Cisco phones?

In order to provide option 150 (or other custom options) two configuration entries are required, first, in the top level of the configuration file located at /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf you need to define your custom option:

option voip-tftp-server code 150 = { ip-address };

Then, in the subnet stanza for where you need to provide the information you'll configure the option with the appropriate value.

subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  [...]
  option voip-tftp-server 10.101.0.10;
}

If you place the option definition in the subnet stanza then dhcpd will not work.


Netflix not working after Firefox upgrade

Mozilla Firefox no longer supports silverlight as of version 52.  The company states that this is for security reasons. See a statement on their support page here.


Cannot access a router configuration page

Unless the router you are using needs to be fully reset or your system is not running DHCP to receive IP addresses, the following commands could help you in getting to your router.

The ip command, or the older command of netstat can both show you the route that your network follows.  ip route will show the routes for all network as well as netstat -r.  I will give examples of both below:

:~$ ip route
default via 10.0.0.1 dev eth0
10.0.0.0/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.0.0.100
192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.122.1 linkdown

and

:~$ netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
default         DD-WRT.local    0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 eth0
10.0.0.0        *               255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 eth0
192.168.122.0   *               255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 virbr0

For this command to access your router, we are going to use the ip command from a command line in terminal.  The command xdg-open can be used to launch the default whatever application we are trying to open from web browsers to text editors, but we are only concerned with web browsers right now.

Using ip with awk we can grab from the output the address to our default router like so:

:~$ ip route | awk '/default/ {print $3}'
10.0.0.1

Now, we can take that same command and combine it with xdg-open to open our web browser right to the router page:

xdg-open http://$(ip route | awk '/default/ {print $3}')

which opened my browser right to my router.  I have a WRT router and that is the login page for what I have.

With netstat -r:

First, netstat -r shows my route as DD-WRT.local which is generated from my router itself.  But it is still a route.

Using ping to show name to IP resolution:

:~$ ping -c 2 $(netstat -r | awk '/default/ {print $2}')
PING DD-WRT.local (10.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from DD-WRT.local (10.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.780 ms
64 bytes from DD-WRT.local (10.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.19 ms

--- DD-WRT.local ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.780/0.989/1.198/0.209 ms

We can see that DD-WRT.local resolves to the same IP of 10.0.0.1 so now we can use the xdg-open command with it to go directly to my router.

xdg-open http://$(netstat -r | awk '/default/ {print $2}')

Hope this helps!


Unable to install MySQL workbench-community_8.0.16-1ubuntu18.04_amd64

Try to install all of these packages listed first using apt-get, after that you can install mysql-workbench-community_8.0.16-1ubuntu18.04_amd64 .


When i tried to access my Macintosh HD i got the following error :

Thanks for responding

Solution that worked for me:

So first of all, to be able to read mac drives in Ubuntu you need hfsprogs.

sudo apt-get install hfsprogs

Then i fixed my drive by this:

Run the following command (replacing XY with the correct device) to fix the drive:

sudo fsck.hfsplus -f /dev/sdXY

P.S Thank God now i'm recovering my data.


How can I set up Active Directory user authentication?

Did you double check that you have winbind listed in your nsswitch.conf file for users and groups? What happens if you login with a local ID and do a "getent passwd " for one of your AD users? What does klist tell you (you may need to install krb5-utils).

First install winbind for AD logins, samba for domain connectivity and libpam-krb5 for Kerberos

sudo apt-get install winbind samba libpam-krb5

Then backup /etc/samba/smb.conf and create a new one with the following contents:

[global]
workgroup = DOMAIN
security = ADS
realm = AD.DOMAIN.COM

Run "testparm" to make sure your smb.conf file is not messed up and then change to a root interactive shell

  sudo -i

Now add the machine to the domain

   net ads join -U username

Assuming DNS is set up properly & you're on the network with your DC's it should prompt you for username's password and add the PC to the domain. If you get an error about DNS don't worry about it.


Method 1: Try echo sudo -s >> /home(your username)/.bash_profile. When starting up the terminal, you need to put in your password to use the terminal, however, you won't have to use sudo to execute virt-sysprep. Be careful with this, because with great power comes great responsability.
Method 2: Open a new terminal and type in sudo visudo. At the end of the file, type this in: %yourusername% ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/virt-sysprep. I'm guessing virt-sysprep is installed in /usr/bin/virt-sysprep. If you're not sure, type this in the terminal: whereis virt-sysprep. Replace the first directory with /usr/bin/virt-sysprep.


user access on all computers in the Network with his settings loaded via server

Use the NFS (network file sharing) protocol to mount the home directories of the users to each of the workstations. You will find a guide here.

The workstations will mount the home directories from the server; the home directories (/home/user etc.) contain all usual configuration files.

NFS has some drawbacks, and there are alternatives However, if you work within a local LAN, preferably behind a NAT / firewall, NFS will give you great performance at the cost of (relatively) little configuration.


How can I prioritize wireless networks with network-manager

This is not currently possible

However, there is a brainstorm idea which describes what you want:

http://brainstorm.ubuntu.com/idea/6906/


pubpub solution (after I edited his question):

  Creating /etc/udev/rules.d/80-usb-autounmount.rules:

# Auto-unmount USB storage (on remove):
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{DEVNAME}=="/dev/sd??", RUN+="/usr/bin/logger  auto umounting  %k"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{DEVNAME}=="/dev/sd??", RUN+="/bin/umount /dev/%k"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{DEVNAME}=="/dev/sd??", RUN+="/bin/umount -lf /dev/%k"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{DEVNAME}=="/dev/sd???", RUN+="/usr/bin/logger  auto umounting  %k"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{DEVNAME}=="/dev/sd???", RUN+="/bin/umount /dev/%k"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{DEVNAME}=="/dev/sd???", RUN+="/bin/umount -lf /dev/%k"*

  Of course you still have to be carefull about opened files mainly in
  writing.

  Hope it will help others.


There are some "Special" directories in your home directory, Downloads are one of them.

=== Command line / manual method ===

edit ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs ,

gedit ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs

it should look like this:

# This file is written by xdg-user-dirs-update
# If you want to change or add directories, just edit the line you're
# interested in. All local changes will be retained on the next run
# Format is XDG_xxx_DIR="$HOME/yyy", where yyy is a shell-escaped
# homedir-relative path, or XDG_xxx_DIR="/yyy", where /yyy is an
# absolute path. No other format is supported.
#
XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Music"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Pictures"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Videos"

Delete or comment out ( add a # at the start) the XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads" line

Then delete ~/Downloads

If that fails, install and run Ubuntu Tweak

http://ubuntu-tweak.com/


Enabling Nvidia Graphics on Ubuntu 11.04

Can you start "nvidia-settings" in terminal? If yes, your nvidia driver is active and in use.

There is a bug in jockey ("Additional Drivers"). It allways says "not in use". If your driver works, don't care what jockey says.


ls utility cannot interpret ambiguous file references?

Without the backslash: the shell interprets ?, expands ?old to hold, and so the argument that ls receives is hold.
With the backslash: the shell does not interpret ?, but it does interpret \? to mean a literal ?, and passes it as ? to ls. So the argument that ls receives is ?old. ls does not see the backslash.


From the UFW MAN Page

   By default, ufw will apply rules to all available interfaces. To  limit
   this,  specify  DIRECTION on INTERFACE, where DIRECTION is one of in or
   out (interface aliases are not supported).  For example, to  allow  all
   new incoming http connections on eth0, use:

Example :

ufw allow in on eth0:0 to any port 80 proto tcp && ufw allow in on eth0:0 to any port 443 proto tcp

Note I am unable to test this as I don't have two interfaces, but this should work fine. Im not sure how it will handle eth0:0 or if it needs a second real interface, like eth1, but I suspect it should be fine.


Will we be able to change the launcher icons?

Yes they will (probably). The Launcher items just use the associated .desktop file, in which the icon is usually specified as a name referring to an Icon in the current set, unity should use this information.

As theprise points out, this doesn't work at the minute, so you may want to follow this bug report.

The status of the bug indicates that this is currently being implemented.


Chromium OS refuses to execute binary (crouton) from Download folder

The disk partition you're trying to execute from has been mounted with the noexec option (see man 8 mount or https://linux.die.net/man/8/mount ), which forbids execution of binaries. Either cp the file to a directory on a partition mounted with exec (without noexec), or fix the way it's mounted.


What is the command to open the shutdown dialog?

/usr/lib/indicator-session/gtk-logout-helper can be used to open the following dialogs:

Log Out (/usr/lib/indicator-session/gtk-logout-helper --logout)

Restart (/usr/lib/indicator-session/gtk-logout-helper --restart)

Shutdown (/usr/lib/indicator-session/gtk-logout-helper --shutdown)


Ubuntu 14.04 installation on via EPIA M910

After asking VIA about this here is the resolution:

use xforcevesa to force to use VESA Driver first.  So when it boots up, F6 then ESC then type xforcevesa to boot.

Hope this helps somebody.


syncevolution d-bus error syncing ubuntu phone via carddav

Folks, finally I managed to solve the issue. The X11 error is issued because I used the syncevolution commands with "sudo". Also I cleaned up all the /home/phablet/.cache/syncevolution/* files, and removed the /home/phablet/.config/syncevolution directory. Reconfigured syncevolution (NOT using sudo) and then everything worked :)


This problem (AFAIK) is not Ubuntu's fault. It is the graphics card itself.

What I believe is happening is that the graphics card is creating a "ghost" monitor. It's (usually) disabled unless it's needed by the computer. This allows the system to use the monitor without having to reboot.

A potential patch for this is to simply disable the extra monitor, unless needed. If you have a laptop, look for the "Mirror Mode" display. Hit it until the second monitor disappears. You might also have luck just disabling from the Displays menu.


indicator-bluetooth-service high CPU and memory usage

Installing Xubuntu-desktop seems to have solved the issue. Bit disappointed ... I was starting to like Unity!

Thanks for the help.