Installing Ubuntu on main HDD drive together with Windows 8. To boot Ubuntu from disk-on-key

First, you say your "BIOS is UEFI," but that's not true. You almost certainly have no BIOS; you have a UEFI. This may sound like splitting hairs, but it's not; referring to an EFI/UEFI as a "BIOS" drags in a lot of assumptions that simply do not apply in the EFI world. ("UEFI" is essentially version 2.x of EFI, so I generally use "EFI," as it's the more general term.) Generally speaking, EFI is a replacement for BIOS, not an extension to it. There are some exceptions and caveats, though:

Some very early EFIs were built atop a conventional BIOS. One example I've seen is Gigabyte's Hybrid EFI. Such systems do have a BIOS, and it's used both to boot BIOS-mode OSes and to initialize the hardware for the benefit of the EFI.
Most modern EFIs for x86-64 systems include a Compatibility Support Module (CSM), which enables the EFI to use boot loaders written for BIOS. The CSM is to the EFI as WINE or dosemu is to Linux; but just as WINE does not turn Linux into Windows, the CSM does not make the EFI a BIOS.

Sorry if this seems long-winded and pedantic, but it deserves emphasis because I see a lot of people heading into EFI-land with BIOS assumptions that lead them into trouble. This is evident in your own question....

On an EFI-based computer, installing a second OS does not normally overwrite the boot loader of the first OS. Of course, you must make room for the second OS's partitions, but that's independent of the boot loader. Under EFI, boot loaders are stored as separate files on the EFI System Partition (ESP), which is a FAT partition with a type code of C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B (EF00 in gdisk, the "boot flag" set in parted or GParted, "EFI System Partition" or "EFI boot partition" in the Ubuntu installer).

EFI determines which boot loader to use by entries stored in NVRAM. When you install Ubuntu, it will create its own boot loader (GRUB) on the ESP (stored in EFI/ubuntu), add that new boot loader to the computer's NVRAM-based list, and then set the Ubuntu entry to be the default. Ubuntu will not change the Windows boot loader, but that Windows boot loader will run only if you enter the computer's own boot manager and select it or if you chainload it from GRUB. Once you install Ubuntu, you can tweak these settings with the efibootmgr utility; for instance, you could set the Windows boot loader to be the default and then use the machine's built-in boot manager to select GRUB. To do this, you must first identify the existing entries by typing sudo efibootmgr and then set the boot order you desire (so that Windows is first) with the -o option, as in sudo efibootmgr -o 2,5 to make Boot0002 first and Boot0005 second.

Note that a Linux-capable boot loader is required to boot Linux. It doesn't have to be GRUB, but something is needed. Thus, your option #1 will work only if you install something manually. There are several EFI boot loaders for Linux available -- see my page on this subject for details. You could in principle install one of these on a USB flash drive, leaving the ESP and NVRAM untouched. I don't know what the point of that would be if you've got a regular disk-based installation of Ubuntu, though; it would be like trying to keep music out of an opera house by banning iPods within its walls.

If you want to keep GRUB from installing in Ubuntu, the trick is this:

When you launch the Ubuntu installer, select the option to try Ubuntu before installing it, rather than the option to install it.
When the desktop appears, open a Terminal window by clicking on the Ubuntu icon in the upper-left corner, typing terminal in the search field, and hitting enter or clicking the Terminal icon.
In the Terminal window, type ubiquity -b. This launches the installer program (Ubiquity) with an option (-b) to not install a boot loader.

Once the install is finished, it will be up to you to install a boot loader yourself, whether it be to the ESP or to a USB flash drive. Again, see my EFI boot loaders page (referenced earlier) for information on what's available and basic installation instructions.


How to disable automatic file extension and force writing to existing file with 7z?

to skip the extension just append a dot at the end of the file-name: e.g. 7z files "myzip."


Wireless Woes. Can't seem to get b43-fwcutter and firmware-b43-installer to stay put upon reboot

You don't want to use b43-fwcutter for the BCM4313. That's not the right driver.

The right driver is the brcm80211 driver which (firmware aside) is completely open source and should be in the kernel. Just to confuse things, I think somebody changed the name of this driver after the 2.6.28 kernel (where it made its debut) so I'm not sure exactly what you should be looking for.

But this is why the live environment "just works". It's using the default out-the-box driver and it's working.

I'd recommend that you remove everything to do with fwcutter. I don't know what that driver does so you might have to scrape around in the blacklist files (in /etc/modprobe.d/). Running this might help:

grep -R 'brcm' /etc/modprobe.d/*

If it pulls anything up, comment out the line (stick a # at the beginning), save and restart. You'll obviously need to edit those files as root: sudoedit /etc/modprobe.d/...


How can I change resolution using xrandr?

And xrandr --output vga-0 --mode 1366x768:
  warning: output vga-0 not found; ignoring

Terminals are case sensitive(may not be for windows BUT), vga-0 is not equal to VGA-0 and hence the problem.

  Did  xrandr -s 1366x768:
  Size 1366x768 not found in available modes

You can create a custom screen resolution when not listed and your display supports it. Check this ubuntu handbook guide :
http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2017/04/custom-screen-resolution-ubuntu-desktop/

If you want to follow the part

  IMPORTANT: To make Ubuntu remember the new created screen resolution
  at next start, you have to edit the .profile via command:

Then to avoid the sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified error after each login, you might follow a working answer of this StackOverflow Question :
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21659637/how-to-fix-sudo-no-tty-present-and-no-askpass-program-specified-error


How should I configure Ubuntu/Upstart for unusual network configuration?

First, let me apologize for answering my own question.

Second, I have, in fact, conquered the failsafe.conf startup delay problem. While I realize there's been no torrent of activity on this question, I've seen enough activity on various other threads about similar failsafe/boot delay problems that I'm posting my research and solution for the benefit of others in a similar pickle.

Overview

As noted in the initial post, the problem as I saw it was one where the failsafe upstart job was imposing an unwanted constraint on the booting of my system. I then researched the issue further, found out why failsafe was behaving as it was.

Analysis

By default, failsafe.conf defines a start condition that effectively fires it at boot time (as soon as filesystem and the loopback interface are available), and defines one of two possible stop conditions:

start on filesystem and net-device-up IFACE=lo
stop on static-network-up or starting rc-sysinit

Failsafe's insistence upon the delays arose by virtue of neither 'stop' event firing. The second condition, rc-sysinit, is one of the final system initialization tasks upstart runs, which has its own start condition

start on (filesystem and static-network-up) or failsafe-boot

With failsafe not stopping, it's apparent rc-sysinit is not starting. Failsafe will emit the failsafe-boot event once its timeouts expire. Given failsafe has started, 'filesystem' is implied, thus leaving the sole remaining condition common to both events being 'static-network-up'. Failsafe is running because it doesn't think any network interfaces are 'up.'

The cause

Working backward through /etc/network/if-up.d, an upstart script is defined that iterates through all the network interfaces defined in /etc/network/interfaces defined with an "auto" qualifier, meaning that interface is to be brought up at boot time. The definition of how an interface is considered 'up' becomes an important semantic issue I'll describe later.

If and only if all "auto"-configured interfaces are 'up', the upstart script will emit the famed 'static-network-up' event. That would, in turn, allow rc-sysinit to fire and terminate failsafe - hence the root cause of my problem. None of my network interfaces have an IP address at boot time - by design. But 'static-network-up' doesn't abide the idea of an interface being 'up' without an IP address, hence failsafe hangs until timeouts expire.

For my situation, I slave the two physical NIC's in the box to bridges and expose them via taps to two different VM's. One VM serves up DHCP across one tap, the other is just a server on the same network. For the bridges to function properly as tapped by the VM's, the NIC's must at least be "UP", passively allowing packets through. Hence, 'auto' seemed appropriate in /etc/network/interfaces. It was not appropriate, however, in the eyes of failsafe, hence the only solution had to be one that abided failsafe's semantics.

The solution to my problem, then, was twofold:

Remove the 'auto' declaration from every network interface I'd defined (other than loopback).
Create upstart jobs to bring up the previously "auto" interfaces "manually."

I defined one job four each of four devices - two taps and two virtual bridges - by mimicking a solution provided here.

In this configuration, with no 'auto' interfaces, the networking script should now immediately emit 'static-network-up', thus forcing failsafe to terminate. A final modification required me to add a "post-up" clause to each tap's interface definition to call 'brctl' and create the corresponding virtual bridge, previously done as part of the 'auto' configuration.

So, my /etc/network/interfaces (in part) now looks like:

#auto tpRED  (commented out)
  iface tpRED inet manual
  pre-up /usr/sbin/tunctl -t tpRED
  post-up /sbin/brctl addbr brRED

#auto brRED
  iface brRED inet manual
  bridge_ports eth1 tpRED
  bridge_hw xx:yy:aa:bb:cc:dd

The acid test

The acid test? Reboot the server. And when I did, the failsafe timeout was gone, and my network came up in a functionally identical configuration. IT WORKS!! I just wish we had a better handle on the semantics of an "UP" network interface!!


Why does Update Manager give me a `Type not known' error with a PPA?

An error has somehow crept into the PPA's sources list file. Let's just delete and re-add the PPA to fix it.

Open the terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T
Type/paste the below,and press Enter -- enter your password if requested:
sudo rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/otto-kesselgulasch-gimp-precise.list
Then type/paste:
sudo apt-add-repository  ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp -y
Finally, type sudo apt-get update, wait for it to finish, and exit the Terminal.

Update Manager should now work without any errors.


Where can I find reliable review of Ubuntu's performance on a laptop (Lenovo z580)

I got a Z580 just recently. Here's what I can say about it.
It came with Windows 8 pre-installed. It survived on the laptop circa 24 hours after which I started installing Ubuntu.
First I set out to install Ubuntu 12.10.
Because I was aware of the whole UEFI/SecureBoot complications, first I Googled around to find out how to disable it. What I've learned is that you need to go into the setup (BIOS ? Is it still called BIOS?). You do this by turning the machine off and starting it with the small button right beside the power button.

Once inside the BIOS, go to security settings. Now here's a tricky part. I went there only to find out that the settings to disable SecureBoot were all greyed out, and of course it was set to Enabled. After more googling I discovered that you can only turn it off if you set a security password first! So that's what I did and I managed turn SecureBoot off.
Also you have to enable legacy boot mode, but set it so that the system tries UEFI first, then Legacy mode.

After all this you can proceed installing Ubuntu as normal. If you want to install Ubuntu the UEFI way, remember that you will need a special partition for storing the boot loader. Because I like to lay out my partitions manually, I created a small 300MB EFI partition, one for swap, one for /, and one for /home. Ubuntu will recognize the EFI partition and use it for boot. The rest of the partitions are up to your liking. Remember that the partition table type must be GPT and not MBR for UEFI to work.

My experience with how Ubuntu runs on it is quite good. Almost everything works out-of-the-box, even the webcam. Except for the wifi which uses a Broadcom chip. But it can be made to work quite easily. Install the Additional Drivers utility and turn the proprietary driver on.

Since then I upgraded to Ubuntu 13.04 alpha. Everything works the same way, except that the webcam although recognized only shows a black or white image. So no video-chatting.


Ubuntu 16.04 running on Acer Aspire ES1 571

Ubuntu should be able to run on any laptop.

The installation guide points to the hardware support you should read if you have any doubts.

However, there's nothing in this laptop letting me think it could not run Ubuntu fluently. It's a typical configuration with typical components.


lshw should be what you are looking for.


Project Explorer for Python in Ubuntu 16

My vote goes to PyCharm.

It is really a good IDE for python users. It integrates well with existing projects as well as new projects. It has all the features that anybody would want.

The quick highlights for those who haven't yet used:-

Autocomplete - Most of the ide/editor provide this. The good is that it does not only suggest the literals existing in current file. It suggests the methods those can be used on that object.
For example if you create a list - a = []; on pressing a(dot), it will suggest append() etc.
It suggests whatever can be used at particular position of caret by pressing ctrl + space
Syntax Highlighting - This is done by all editors. Here the colors can be customized.
Code Flow Understanding - It jumps to definition, declaration, all places from where particular method is called, all occurrences of a literal - just with keyboard shortcuts.
Coding Guidelines - It warns you if you are missing some coding guideline.
For example- naming a function as HelloWorld() will result in warning "function name should be lower case"
External Dependencies - I found this very useful. I can see what all modules I can use, what all functions are there and how their implementation is.
Debugging - I have not yet done debugging as of now, but I am sure this will also be great looking at the other features that are provided.
Version Control System - I am yet to use this, but it has VCS.
Themes, Fonts, Color - We can change the ide theme, its color, font style, font size etc.
There are many small fetures like distraction free mode, presentation mode, code refactoring, file structure
Code Inspection - The best feature I might say. It checks every line of code in all files of project and suggests the coding guideline and its actually intelligent. Try this yourself.

P.S.: After the comment from @JonasCz, I installed and used PyCharm. Thanks.


How can I mount my partition with executive permissions using the launcher icons?

I fixed it using the following command:

sudo mount -t ntfs -o rw,auto,defaults,exec /dev/disk/by-label/Data /mnt/Data

and setting it to a keyboard shortcut


Software Updater Not Automatically Launching Any More

Open Software & Updates, go to Updates tab and be sure that you select automatically check for updates and when these to be displayed as in the following image:


Cannot install Mendeley LibreOffice (snap) citation plugin

I had this issue and this is how I solved it on Ubuntu 18.04.1 (in principal it should work with any Linux version):

First make sure you have LibreOffice and Mendeley installed. In my case I installed Mendeley through their .deb file and LibreOffice through Snap. The following line will search for libreoffice in the installed snaps on your computer and if it finds anything it will show it:

snap list | grep -i libreoffice

This is what you get:

  libreoffice            6.1.0.3                 80    stable    canonical✓    -

Then you need to know where Mendeley is storing the OpenOffice plugin. so let's search for it:

sudo find / -name "openOfficePlugin"

This is what I got:

  /opt/mendeleydesktop/share/mendeleydesktop/openOfficePlugin

Remember that /opt/ is not readable without sudo.

Now you can copy the openOfficePlugin folder to somewhere that is readable by LibreOffice:

cp -r "/opt/mendeleydesktop/share/mendeleydesktop/openOfficePlugin" "~/Downloads"

Now you have to open the "LibreOffice Writer" and "Mendeley" applications.

From the LibreOffice Writer menu, go to "Tools" > "Extension Manager..." (alternatively in version 6.1.0.3 you can use Ctrl+Alt+E to open the Extension Manager)

Now using the "Add" button, go to the ~/Downloads/openOfficePlugin and open the file (in my case it is Mendeley-1.19.2.oxt but the version might be different in your case).

It takes about a second to add the plugin and then after restarting your LibreOffice, you have the Mendeley toolbar in LibreOffice Writer. If you have your Mendeley open it should automatically connect to it and you can access your library.


recover filesystem from nuked hard drive

In this case I'd simply retrieve all your files from your backups.  ;)

Overwriting the first few GB of a partition will have wiped out enough of the filesystem's structure that it is unlikely you will be able to retrieve file metadata in a meaningful way.

Now, since you did it to the entire drive (/dev/sda) it is possible that you have intact partitions that start after the part that you wiped, that could be 100% restored.  In this case you can run testdisk to search for the lost partitions and restore them to the partition table, then you should be able to read and write them as normal.

Most likely, however, you will have overwritten the start of a partition you really wanted, and you will be stuck using photorec which searches through what's left and finds non-fragmented files by their file signature.

One tip about how I use photorec: set it only to identify the file types you most want, and don't be afraid to run it multiple times with different/more file types selected each time.  This may decrease the chances that something will be mis-identified (some files may identify as more than one type).  I don't know how effective that actually is, but I do it.  My most frequent reason for using photorec is when someone I know has a corrupted, or accidentally formatted, memory card for their camera, or something, so I narrow down the file types it's looking for to just JPEG/M2TS/MOV or whatever types of files the camera takes.


What Task and Time Management tools are available?

How about Gnome Planner?
http://live.gnome.org/Planner

Another one is TaskJuggler: http://www.taskjuggler.org

If you already use KOffice then KPlato is there for you: http://www.kde.org/applications/office/kplato/

Last but not least, for only task management there is http://ginatrapani.github.com/todo.txt-cli/
One of my favorite, a command line utility, really awesome!


What would be a good partitioning scheme for 128 gb SSD and 640 GB HDD

First of all, the root will not likely take more than 5-10GB; even if you plan to store loads of programs, 15GB should be enough. So you still have plenty of space left on your SSD.

SSD is faster when making random access -- for example, accessing a large number of data base records or reading loads of small configuration files. I'm not sure to what extent putting /home on SSD speeds up the responsivity of the system; it will sure play a role if you plan to use wine and install the Windows programs into your home directory. Moreover, hard disk can have better transfer rates -- so reading a large, continuous file from an unfragmented HD can be faster.

Given that you have plenty of space on the SSD, you could set up a separate /home partition on your SSD (by all means, use a separate partition!), and use the HD to store large media files (movies, music, photography, archives, data). At least that is the way that I manage the things.

Swap partition might come in handy if you have a laptop and would like to have the option to hibernate -- the memory snapshot will then be saved to the swap partition.


PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library

Run:

sudo gedit -H /etc/php/7.0/cli/php.ini

and comment out extension=php_intl.dll.


How do I set the CPU frequency scaling governor for all cores at once?

I'm still a linux noob but don't you think cpufrequtils lets u do it by using
(its not bundled in the Ubuntu OS but is there in the repository)

sudo apt-get install cpufrequtils
sudo cpufreq-set -r -g performance

The -r flag is used to set the change for all ("all hardware related") cores


Can't access programs on Ubuntu 16.04 USB install

The reason is bad sectors on the drive
Migrating the ubuntu install into a different drive fixed the issue


Could not update ICEauthority file, password not working in terminal

Reset your user account password using the guide here. (Not the root password)
Whenever you login to the cosole/terminal/text session as root while resetting the password, issue the following command to remove the ICEauthority file.

  rm /home/your-user-name/.ICEauthority


What's the package name for PHP7 default?

php7.0 and a pile of php7.0-* packages are available for 16.04-onwards. Obviously the version might change for future releases, but that's the current nomenclature.

Earlier releases of Ubuntu don't have these. You'd have to compile them yourself or find a PPA. Ondřej supports all the way back to 12.04 Precise but this comes with the standard warnings and pitfalls surrounding PPAs.


Membership of which group grants a user access to udisksctl?

You have to remove the user from the group plugdev. You can do it in the Users & Groups app.


Ubuntu 18.04 waked up after suspend without showing login screen alternately

Finally I solved this problem. I don't know exactly why this happened but maybe some new gnome extensions conflict with desktop environment.
I reseted to default settings by this command:
dconf reset -f /

Reference: how-to-reset-ubuntu-desktop-to-default


To force completely close Firefox use:

pkill firefox

from terminal.


do-release-upgrade -d does not offer up 16.04 on a fully updated Ubuntu 14.04 LTS system

It's working now.  I can only assume there was some problem on the Ubuntu server side.


How can I limit GPU usage for every process?

I can confirm renice , or setting to very low priority from system monitor works to an extent. If you open
https://threejs.org/examples/#webgl_animation_keyframes
you can see animations are smooth. However, sluggishness takes a couple of seconds to get rid of. You can take your UI and window manager to higher priorities ...


no need to do anything.
in dual boot systems Ubuntu(or any other Linux) has access to Windows directories but you can't access Linux directories from windows.


Per your comments, the PFX file contains a User Certificate and Private Key.

To install this is going to depend on what you are using to access the resources.  Usually these certificates end up being used for SSL Client Auth on websites, in which case you will need to import the PFX file in your browser.

In Chrome/Chromium, you enter your "Settings" page, type in "Certificates" in the search bar, choose "Manage Certificates", and under the "Your Certificates" tab, hit "Import", select the PFX, and use the Import Password to import the PFX file.  Chrome/Chromium will then be able to use your certificates.  (HOWEVER you have to do this for each browser independently.)

In Firefox, open "Preferences", in the "Find in Preferences" search bar type in 'Certificates', then you'll see a button that says "View Certificates".  Click it to open Firefox's Certificate Manager.  Make sure you're on the "Your Certificates" tab, and then click 'Import', find the PFX on disk, and use the PFX import password to authorize the import.

Note that you need to do this individually for each browser on-system, and this answer does NOT include all browsers in the universe in the answer - it only covers the most common three.


I found a solution:

mimeopen Ensemble.jar

the above command display some options.

You have to select other and after use the path to your java folder, in this case /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_45/lib/jexec


systemd starts dnsmasq before starting network manager?

I had the same issue, but only on 16.04 systems updated to 18.04. I am also using dnsmasq as my LAN DNS and DHCP server.
On a freshly installed 18.04, it is working out of the box, without having to modify /etc/systemd/resolved.conf (DNSStubListener).


Default xrdp configuration is allow access from everywhere through 3389 port despite network adapter and ip host has:

port=3389

I think, default configuration should work if you don't want to restrict access to only your network address:

$ cat /etc/xrdp/xrdp.ini

[globals]
bitmap_cache=yes
bitmap_compression=yes
port=3389
crypt_level=low
channel_code=1
max_bpp=24

[xrdp1]
name=sesman-Xvnc
lib=libvnc.so
username=ask
password=ask
ip=127.0.0.1
port=-1

Configuration you specified port=tcp://192.168.1.1:3389 I tried to change to port=tcp://192.168.2.0:3389 or other non-existent machine's IP or network address. But xrdp pays no attention to it. It means, xrdp just ignores that.


Packet Tracer 7 on Ubuntu 18.04 cannot launch

These are the steps that worked for me in order to make Packet Tracer work in Ubuntu 18.04:

Install the Qt libraries with apt-get:

sudo apt-get install libqt5webkit5 libqt5multimediawidgets5 libqt5svg5 libqt5script5 libqt5scripttools5 libqt5sql5

Install libcu52:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/i/icu/libicu52_52.1-3ubuntu0.8_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libicu52_52.1-3ubuntu0.8_amd64.deb

Install libpng121:

wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.50-2+deb8u3_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libpng12-0_1.2.50-2+deb8u3_amd64.deb

Now you can start Packet Tracer with the packettracer command.

1 Thank you, gitgudgithub, for pointing that out.


Ubuntu 18.04 - how to set up a Python virtual environment for Python 3.7.x or 3.8.x?

Please see this site because it has good instructions on setting up virtualenv on Ubuntu 18.04.

In the .bashrc I had to enter:

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=/usr/local/bin/virtualenv
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh


You have two options.

Reinstall Ubuntu
revert to the standard loader of Windows

If you choose option 1 reinstall Ubuntu alongside Windows
but, you want to remove grub, so follow the steps below

Find the Windows installation media use used to install Windows.
Set the boot priority to that media by going to setup utility when you start the PC
Boot the PC with that installation media
When Windows setup loads up, choose "Repair your computer".
Click on Troubleshoot on the Choose an option page
Then, Advanced Options -----> Command Prompt
Type bootrec.exe /fixmbr and hit enter key
Reboot the PC and go back to the setup utility, set the boot priority to your hard drive and reboot

See if you can boot Windows normally.


How do I get Date & Time widget in my system tray?

Confirm that it is installed. The package is called indicator-datetime. You can just click the link and it'll show you if it's installed or not. If it's not, then install it and log out and back in.


Dual boot Ubuntu and Windows 7, I Can only boot ubuntu through recovery mode

Run Boot-Repair --> Advanced Options --> GRUB options --> tick Uncomment GFXMODE --> Apply
Write on a paper the URL (http://paste.xxxxxx) that will appear.
Reboot the PC. If any problem, please indicate the URL.


The output to sudo rfkill list shows that your network card is "soft-blocked".

This could happen when the wireless card has been signalled to switch-off - this is probably because of a Fn+ type switch.

If you don't identify the keyboard switch then perform the following steps:

run in a terminal:

sudo rfkill unblock hp-wifi; sudo rfkill unblock wifi; sudo rfkill unblock all
rerun sudo rfkill list to confirm that the card has been unblocked.
reboot
rerun sudo rfkill list again to confirm unblocking as been retained.
rerun sudo lshw -class network - you should now see that the kernel has recognised (or not) the wireless card.

If the wireless kernel module has been recognised (it should not say "unclaimed"), Network Manager should now be able to see wireless networks that are available in your vacinity.


I cant mount or see files of my sda5 after reinstalling grub

I am assuming that /dev/sda5 is not mounted already, so lets mount it manually.

Make a directory called mydisk somewhere convenient, lets say in your home directory.

cd /home/<username>
mkdir mydisk

Mount sda5 to the new mydisk directory

sudo mount /dev/sda5 /home/<username>/mydisk

Now change into that directory.

cd /home/<username>/mydisk

Take a look at whats inside.

ls -la

Do you see all your files and folders ?


Two factor authentication on ssh server with Google's Authentication

Comment out the line @include common-auth from your /etc/pam.d/sshd. It will ask only for the second factor (if configured!).


Alternative to | more to display error results page by page

The errors which most of the programs print are sent to stderr (Standard Error) stream, whereas the output of the program is sent to stdout (Standard Output) stream.

Each stream has a file descriptor, which you can think of as a number which identifies a stream. stderr has file descriptor 2, and the value for stdout is 1.

When you run

    command > file.txt

          this is equivalent to running,

    command 1> file.txt

          which has a meaning - redirect the contents of stdout to the file file.txt.

However, if you want to redirect the contents of stderr only, you'd write:

    command 2> file.txt

And to redirect both stdout and stderr, you'd either write:

    command &> file.txt

                 OR

    command > file.txt 2>&1

            You can interpret the second command as - Send the output of command to file.txt, and also merge stderr with stdout.

Similarly for sending errors to less or more, first merge stderr to stdout and then send it to the correspoding program.

    command 2>&1 | less


Ubuntu 20.04 Nvidia prime on Demand and External Monitors

Your external monitors are connected to the Nvidia card and using them while in offload mode is supported only by the 450 family of Nvidia drivers. In summary: if you want to use them with "On demand" you need to install the latest Nvidia drivers (450.57 at the time of writing).
There's no package yet for Ubuntu, but I think you'll be able to ultimately find the drivers in the Graphics Drivers ppa in a few days or weeks.


Ubuntu terminal ssh and use session to auto create tabs and open defined log files

Change your shortcut to something like this:

gnome-terminal --tab -- "ssh user@server1r" --tab -- "ssh user@server1r"

Continue adding tab's for however many you need.

If you want to run a command directly on the server you ssh to add your tail command or whatever you use after the SSH command fx:

ssh user@server1r tail /var/log/messages -f

This would SSH to the box and start tailing /var/log/messages.

It will however end the ssh session if you stop it.

So the shortcut would end up something like this:

gnome-terminal --tab -- "ssh user@server1r tail /var/log/messages -f" --tab -- "ssh user@server1r tail /var/log/secure -f"

This of course requires SSH key configured, which it seems you already have.

If you want to be sure its a new window (in case you already have some terminal running)

Add this adjusting the geometry to whatever you want:

--geometry=80x16+0+0 --window


Unable to install Ubuntu 12.04 lts 64 bit

please, try to format that partition as FAT32 or Ext4, then try to install. NTFS formated disk is compatibile with windows, and in most cases with windows only. so you need or FAT32 or Ext4 formated that partition for linux.


Everpad on Ubuntu connected to Evernote, but no messages

Probably because you didn't kill all the processes (hint: everpad-provider).

Assuming you don't need to backup your notes (if you do, please do that before-hand), try this:

#close everpad
rm -rf ~/.everpad/ ~/.config/everpad/
killall everpad-provider

Then restart everpad. You shouldn't need do re-authorize.


Erratic scrollwheel behavior - scrolling moves page randomly top or down

This was happening to me also. Furthermore, there were some logs in /var/log/syslog showing some ACPI errors:

Jan 22 09:04:06 nb-S500CA kernel: [    6.425512] ACPI Warning: SystemIO range 0x0000000000000428-0x000000000000042F conflicts with OpRegion 0x0000000000000400-0x000000000000044F (\GPIS) (20150930/utaddress-254)
Jan 22 09:04:06 nb-S500CA kernel: [    6.425521] ACPI Warning: SystemIO range 0x0000000000000428-0x000000000000042F conflicts with OpRegion 0x0000000000000400-0x000000000000047F (\PMIO) (20150930/utaddress-254)
Jan 22 09:04:06 nb-S500CA kernel: [    6.425527] ACPI: If an ACPI driver is available for this device, you should use it instead of the native driver
Jan 22 09:04:06 nb-S500CA kernel: [    6.425531] ACPI Warning: SystemIO range 0x0000000000000540-0x000000000000054F conflicts with OpRegion 0x0000000000000500-0x000000000000057F (\GPIO) (20150930/utaddress-254)
Jan 22 09:04:06 nb-S500CA kernel: [    6.425537] ACPI Warning: SystemIO range 0x0000000000000540-0x000000000000054F conflicts with OpRegion 0x0000000000000500-0x0000000000000563 (\GP01) (20150930/utaddress-254)
Jan 22 09:04:06 nb-S500CA kernel: [    6.425542] ACPI: If an ACPI driver is available for this device, you should use it instead of the native driver
Jan 22 09:04:06 nb-S500CA kernel: [    6.425543] ACPI Warning: SystemIO range 0x0000000000000530-0x000000000000053F conflicts with OpRegion 0x0000000000000500-0x000000000000057F (\GPIO) (20150930/utaddress-254)

But then I have noticed, that the wheel is not balanced. There are positions, where it moves by itself to balanced position. But then I have noticed, that there is switch on the mouse - which allows me to switch between "free movement" and "discrete movement" - and it helped.


You should get the package from:

http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/gedit/3.11/

You might missing some lib. You can get them by installing them:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ricotz/testing
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install intltool
sudo apt-get install itstool
sudo apt-get install libxml2 libglib2.0-dev libxml2-dev libxml2-utils
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev
sudo apt-get install libgtksourceviewmm-3.0-dev
sudo apt-get install libpeas-1.0-0 libpeas-dev
sudo apt-get install gsettings-desktop-schemas-dev
sudo apt-get install libgtkspell3-3-dev libgtkspell3-3-0 libgtksourceview-3.0-dev
sudo apt-get install gtk+3.0
sudo apt-get install gir1.2-gtk-3.0

I had an issue getting gtksourceview, I had to install it manually:

http://ftp.acc.umu.se/pub/GNOME/sources/gtksourceview/3.11/

same deal:

./configure
make
sudo make install

INSTALLING Gedit

Then, once everything is completed, you can run in the gedit folder:

./configure
make
sudo make install

NOTE: you might some graphic issues with the new GTK library. Check you drivers (nvidia or ati for example) or play with the "appearance" settings.


Lucid Hydra (LucidLogix) Technology Support

No is the short answer for linux support of the Virtu GPU Virtualization by Lucid.

If you look on the Phoronix forums you will find many references to the lack of support with linux, notably this apparent response from Lucid themselves. This is more than likely due to the lack of high end games available for linux in the first place - it also apparently has poor performance on a Windows environment and for the extra cost may not be worth the effort.

What will this mean for the motherboard to be supported under Ubuntu? I'm not sure but my guess would be the built in chip will be able to be disabled in bios so it is likely to allow the board to be used.

As this technology is for improved gaming performance and your primary use in Ubuntu is not really about gaming my recommendation would be to look into a different motherboard unless you will be dual booting with Windows and gaming with it.


Selenium default download directory settings is not working in Ubuntu 20.4 - files are not saved

I was able to solve the issue by following steps to install chromium from debian in Chromium without snap.
Problem is that Chrome version there is 83, while version in snap is 86 and I would like to test in latest version of course. Although for this case it is probably not important, it may be important for different things.
Is there different, better way?


Why can I not install Ubuntu on my Alienware M13?

If you have nvidia graphics card try what Rinzwind says in the comment and after that
In the terminal (press Ctrl+Alt+T to open it or Ctrl+Alt+F1) run this

 sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
 sudo reboot

This will remove any installed nvidia drivers.

Then install the new drivers

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot

In case if you are not seeing the side bar try this

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

then

setsid unity


WiFi networks appears be far away in spite of the router being close by

Here's a test. Take you laptop to a farther away location and see if the problem remains, say to the living room (if you're in your own room, for example), and see if you still show a weak signal. Weak metering in this case, does not always translate to weak signal.

If wifi performance remains good, then it may be just a meter scaling problem (my laptop rarely shows full-strength ever). Windows does not perform the metering, this is one of those proprietary driver issues that is solved by the manufacturer, they write the driver to please the customer, even when it reports loud and isn't . I always get 4 instead of the 5 bar reading, on my laptop.

If the wifi is working well, then the metering is just reading low, and there may be nothing wrong with it. I have found Ubuntu quirky that way. This is because they do very little in custom software for a given manufacturer. They tend to standardize. This is a good reason for some wifi to show loud, while others might show weak, or a little low (like on my laptop).

Hope that helps, have fun and good luck!


Evolution calendar month view as default

In Evolution below v3.29.92, List view is forced with the Active Appointments and Next 7 Days' Appointments filters. Try with other filters like Any Category and it would make the last used view (Month View, Day View etc,.) as default view.

Related issue: GNOME/evolution#47


Probably you want to install GNOME Tweak Tool (sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool in a terminal; search for it in Software Center) and search for GTK+3 themes in the Internet. Blogs like WebUpd8 have plenty of themes.


Install Ubuntu server to run on a headless machine on RAID6-array of USB-sticks, in DHCP-less environment

This seems like an astronomical corner case. Have you tried installing on another computer referencing all your disks by label then just moving them across?

'No, but I can try that'

At that point it becomes a really normal install.  I'ld start here and tack on the caveat that you might have some issues with sound or video...but it doesn't sound like those are really relevant to your situation.


Which kernel should I install for Ubuntu Server 14.04.2 in a VMware?

Basically, you might want to choose number two. If guessing that you're installing ubuntu 14.10 instead of 14.04 right? but I'm not sure why utopic is LTS.


Is it possible to schedule the downloads required to upgrade?

One solution is to download the installation CD and then use it as a local repository to perform the upgrade. Instructions are here:

Upgrading Using the Alternate CD/DVD

If your ISP allows you to download via BitTorrent at night, you can schedule Transmission to download the CD only at night from within the Edit ▸ Preferences ▸ Speed menu.


The process kswapd0 is the process that manages virtual memory. Your machine should have RAM, SWAP, and the EXT4 on your HDD/SSD. The ext4 is where everything is stored, and it is always slower to access than RAM. RAM is like a half-way running space for programs to access information quickly. Most computers have at least 4GB of RAM, which under normal conditions is plenty. When playing a game, however, you may run low on RAM space, which is where SWAP comes in.

SWAP is a fake RAM located on your HDD/SSD next to your EXT4. It is quicker to access than the EXT4, but it is much slower than actual RAM. When you run low on memory, kswapd0 moves programs that you are not using/not using as much as other programs to the SWAP, which causes extreme lag on those processes. If your game was needing 5GB RAM, 1GB at LEAST would be in SWAP. That means when it tries to access that information, it has to wait longer to get it.

This entire process causes extreme CPU usage, moving information from and to SWAP and RAM and handling the request of information all at the same time. How to solve this  issue?

Tell kswapd0 to only move stuff to SWAP when you are completely OUT of RAM. This is the single most effective method to resolving SWAP issues. Run

echo vm.swappiness=0 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

where 0 is the percent left out of 100 at which SWAP should be used (when you have 0% RAM left, SWAP will start taking in data). You can also just edit /etc/sysctl.conf to your liking instead of adding this command to the end of it everytime using gedit or nano or whatever, be sure to sudo though, this file is root owned. Reboot and your are set!
Reduce the consumption of RAM by other processes or close other programs while running high memory programs. This is why most games tell you to close all other windows before playing, or installations do the same. Things like file syncing services tend to take a lot of memory.
Buy more RAM. Installing RAM is not as hard as it sounds. One or two screws on a small compartment (if you are on a laptop) and a simple click. Just be sure you are buying the correct kind!
Lower processes of the CPU much as you did with the RAM. This will help those RAM to SWAP bursts to go much smoother.

That's the best that you can do. Others may say disable swap completely, but that is dangerous and I would NOT recommend that. That can cause entire systems to freeze up if there is a memory leak or too many applications running. Just realize that the SWAP is a failsafe for the RAM. It is definitely not as fast or efficient as RAM, but it's better than Window's Pagefile! (which accomplishes the same purpose)

EDIT: If you are interested in learning more about SWAP, see here.


Trackpad stops working until reboot (Asus EeePc 900)

I don't know if you helped the original poster, but you sure helped me.

In case someone else stumbles upon this thread, the module they want to reload is psmouse (at least that was the case for me, running mint 12 lisa with kde).

sudo modprobe -r psmouse

and then

sudo modprobe -a psmouse


Purple line on left side of screen when I use graphics card's hdmi port

I have same issue with GTX 760 only when I use nouveau driver. It is a real problem, as i may see =(

About binary driver: Black screen in the VT may be caused because of unsolved issues related to EFI (on nvidia side), or if you are talking about "Xorg black screen" - this is all because you didn't configured xorg.conf.

I can't explain you how you have to configure your xorg.conf because.. well.. I'm not ubuntu user.
Good luck!


As per man mount (if you use the option defaults):

   defaults
          Use default options: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async.

When you use contradicting options (like defaults,noexec), the later will take precedence.

If you don't state any options, the default options in Ubuntu are rw,relatime.


Bootable USB drive won't run installation

Hold esc when you see the screen and in kernel options add nomodeset and then boot.

Follow this advice here: How do I set 'nomodeset' after I've already installed Ubuntu?


I need to back up my files on my external hard disk from the TTY.

You can't do it precisely from the TTY because you destroyed your sudo ability and probably you won't be able to mount the external drive. However, you have two options:

booting in a root shell
using a live DVD or USB

Backup booting in a root shell

You cut yourself superuser powers, so you need to "hack" your own computer. As I explained in a slightly related answer:

  Boot your PC while holding Ctrl+Shift, you
  should see the GRUB menu appear. While focusing on the first Ubuntu
  entry, press e to edit it.

  You should see a line which ends with ro quiet splash --. Change
  this last part to:

rw verbose init=/bin/bash --

  Don't touch the first part of the string, leave it the same as before.
  Now press Ctrl+X to boot. You should boot
  straight into a root shell.

Now you have root access and you can connect your external drive. After connecting it, wait a few seconds and do:

dmesg | tail

It will show a few lines where you can detect the device associated with the main partition of the external drive, probably /dev/sdb1. Create a mount point and mount the partition:

mount -o remount,rw /
mkdir -p /mnt/external
mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/external

Now prepare an output directory and copy the files:

mkdir /mnt/external/RECOVERED
cp -v -r /home /mnt/external/RECOVERED/

Note: if your home directory is in a separate partition you might need to mount it before doing the above. In that case mount /home should suffice.

When it's done, assure the data is written on the drive completely and unmount the file system:

sync
umount /mnt/external

Disconnect the external drive now. Since you plan to reinstall, I won't discuss how to clean up and shut down the computer safely. Just long-press the hardware power button. ;)

Backup using a live DVD or USB

If you have access to a Ubuntu installation medium, do the following:

boot your computer using the live DVD or USB
connect the external hard drive
run sudo nautilus in the terminal
copy all the files you want in the external drive
safely disconnect the drive
re-install Ubuntu


Automatically connect an Openconnect VPN connection

Does openconnect work for you?

If so you can use this to connect automatically:

sudo openconnect SERVER --no-cert-check -u USERNAME --passwd-on-stdin  <PASS_FILE

or

echo PASS | sudo openconnect SERVER --no-cert-check -u USERNAME --passwd-on-stdin


a bit late but I had the same message today (one monitor only though).
I did a "locate All_Regions.ini" and changed all files to the same setting. Including the one in your ~/.ICAClient directory.


By default no xorg.conf file is used in Ubuntu, and the X layout is autodetected at boot. However, if you create /etc/X11/xorg.conf, any settings contained should be used.


The exact solution depends on what exactly is managing your desktop and the theme you're using.

Try editing /path/to/your/theme/gtk-2.0/gtkrc after making a backup. Look for something like:

gtk-color-scheme = "base_color:#ffffff\nfg_color:#4c4c4c\ntooltip_fg_color:#ffffff\nselected_bg_color:#f07746\nselected_fg_color:#FFFFFF\ntext_color:#3C3C3C\nbg_color:#F2F1F0\ntooltip_bg_color:#000000\nlink_color:#DD4814"

and modify tooltip_bg_color or tooltip_fg_color to alter the background and text colors, respectively.

So, you'd have #ffffff for  tooltip_bg_color and #000000for tooltip_fg_color.

Then, log out and log in again to make sure the changes take effect. If you're using some sort of tool that let's you change themes, change away and back.

If that doesn't help, look at /path/to/your/theme/gtk-3.0/gtk.css or at /path/to/your/theme/gtk-3.0/gtk-main.css for similar code right near the top of the file. Make appropriate edits and log out and in or switch themes.

With specific reference to the Moka theme, assuming it's installed in /usr/share/themes/Moka, edit /usr/share/themes/Moka/gtk-2.0/gtkrc and change:

# Moka GTK2 Theme

gtk_color_scheme = "bg_color:#f7f7f7\nselected_bg_color:#a172d2\nbase_color:#fefefe" # Background: main, selected, base
gtk_color_scheme = "fg_color:#444\nselected_fg_color:#f3f3f3\ntext_color:#444"       # Foreground: main, selected, text
gtk_color_scheme = "tooltip_bg_color:#444\ntooltip_fg_color:#FFF"                    # Tooltips
gtk_color_scheme = "link_color:#a172d2"                                              # Hyperlinks
gtk_color_scheme = "menubar_bg_color:#f7f7f7\nmenubar_fg_color:#444444"              # Menu bar colors
gtk_color_scheme = "toolbar_bg_color:#f7f7f7\ntoolbar_fg_color:#444444"              # Toolbar colors
gtk_color_scheme = "menu_bg_color:#ffffff\nmenu_fg_color:#444444"                    # Menu colors
gtk_color_scheme = "panel_bg_color:#444444\npanel_fg_color:#f7f7f7"                  # Panel colors

to

Moka GTK2 Theme

gtk_color_scheme = "bg_color:#f7f7f7\nselected_bg_color:#a172d2\nbase_color:#fefefe"
gtk_color_scheme = "fg_color:#444\nselected_fg_color:#f3f3f3\ntext_color:#444"
gtk_color_scheme = "tooltip_bg_color:#fff\ntooltip_fg_color:#000"             #### Change this line
gtk_color_scheme = "link_color:#a172d2"
gtk_color_scheme = "menubar_bg_color:#f7f7f7\nmenubar_fg_color:#444444"
gtk_color_scheme = "toolbar_bg_color:#f7f7f7\ntoolbar_fg_color:#444444"
gtk_color_scheme = "menu_bg_color:#ffffff\nmenu_fg_color:#444444"
gtk_color_scheme = "panel_bg_color:#444444\npanel_fg_color:#f7f7f7"

Then, in /usr/share/themes/Moka/gtk-3.0/gtk-common.css look for the section titled tooltips which starts on ~ line 217 and change the first two lines so that that section looks like this:

/* Tooltips */
@define-color tooltip_bg_color @bg_color;
@define-color tooltip_fg_color @text_color;
@define-color theme_tooltip_bg_color @tooltip_bg_color;
@define-color theme_tooltip_fg_color @tooltip_fg_color;

Then, log out and back in.

You haven't mentioned where you've installed this theme, but if it is in /usr/share/themes/Moka, you'll need to use gksudo if you're editing with a GUI-based editor such as Gedit.

If you've installed the theme in ~/.themes, then gksudo isn't needed.


Check what's the disk usage with

df -k

and

df -i

The first command will tell you how much diskspace (in terms of kilobytes) is available
and the second one will do the counting for inodes . If you have a huge number of small files the partition may have still free diskspace, but run out of inodes (which if you don't know about them, you can see like 'slots' in a parking space)

Ok, so if you effectively are running out of inodes, the only way to fix it is to reformat the partition using different parameters. If you cannot do that, you can try to mitigate the problem by moving part of the 'inode-hungry' section of data to a different partition.
Starting from /home top level, you can run this simple script (apologies if it's not 100% fool-proof ;-) )

for dir in *; do [ -d "$dir" ] && echo "$dir" && find "$dir" | wc -l; done

It should count for each subdirectory how many inodes are used (in short, each file or directory present).
You can repeat the procedure going down a few levels if you want.
Anyway, once you identify the directory that consumes most of the inodes, you can move it to somewhere else, and leave inside /home a symlink to the new location.

Shorter that that, your only chance is to archive (with tar, zip or similar tools) the part of data in /home directory that you are not currently using (and remove the loose files). This will bring the inodes count down, but at the cost of continuously archiving/unarchiving pieces of the storage.


The answer (from package search) is /usr/lib/chromium-browser/chromedriver

To put the chromedriver binary in the path, you would write export PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/chromium-browser/.


try : http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2147295 ,i hope this will help  you!


No, it's not true:

Package C will not be removed, because package B depends on package C. And also if you remove package B, package C will not be removed, if you don't use

sudo apt-get autoremove

or a similar command.


How to set up Ubuntu Server as a wireless + ethernet router with IPv4 and IPv6

The significant bit was locating a tutorial for fetching the IPv6 prefix.

Other than that, the comments in the default config files and the obviously-discoverable tutorials for bridge-utils, hostapd and dnsmasq worked.

With ufw the key thing was to use the route keyword in rules that apply to traffic that doesn't terminate on the router computer itself.

(I used AppArmor to confine wide-dhcpv6-client, dnsmasq and hostapd by following the guidance for aa-logprof on the community wiki.)


As you suspect get the key from the other installed OS, in the directory for this.
zeus@buster-raspi:~$ ll /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/
debian-archive-buster-automatic.gpg
debian-archive-buster-security-automatic.gpg
debian-archive-buster-stable.gpg


How do backslash escapes work with echo -E in  zsh?

In zsh you could use

echo -E '\\'

to print to consecutive backslashes, or if you do not want to use quotes

echo -E \\\\


Regardless of what script you are trying to run, your crontab entry will not work.

24 is not a valid entry for the hours field. It accepts 0 - 23, where 0 is midnight.


How to set up script or document to launch from top or side bar?

What you want to do is create a custom launcher for your scripts/documents.  You can do that in a text editor with the following:

[Desktop Entry]
Name = NAME_TO_DISPLAY
Exec = COMMAND_TO_RUN
Icon = NAME_OR_PATH

Just save it with a .desktop extension and make it executable. If you save it in ~/.local/share/applications the launcher will be accesible via the Dash.  Dragging it to the launcher bar will fix it there. The exec line to open a document or weblink should just be xdg-open FILE to open with a default program.  For more on the launcher file specifications see here.

As a drag-n-drop shortcut to add files to launchers for quick execution via quicklists or mini-dashes, check out Drawers in the Software Center for purchase, or you can install it via ppa for free (there will just be a reminder every 100 uses to donate, unless you donate).


Background clicks with Bluetooth headphones

I was too impatient.  The clicks have gone away.  On the other hand, I've seen other folks report extraneous sounds, which is what led me to report the clicks.


If you look at the first line of you error message, you need to install kde libraries for this first.

To install kde4 libraries, type sudo apt-get install kde4-config sudo apt-get install kdelibs-bin on a terminal. kde4-config is part of the kdelibs-bin package.


Crackling/static in Discord with default audio output port (PulseAudio)

I fixed it by modify /etc/pulse/default.pa. Find and replace:

load-module module-udev-detect

by

load-module module-udev-detect tsched=0

Then restart PulseAudio using this command:

pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload


How to install VMware 8.0 (not 8.0.2) in Ubuntu 12.04

If you want to go 8.0.2, I wrote a small tutorial to install VMWARE 8.0.2.

Follow this steps:

Download:

https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/downloads

Change permissions:

chmod +x VMware-Workstation-Full-8.0.2-591240.x86_64

Run:

./VMware-Workstation-Full-8.0.2-591240.x86_64

Then run:

apt-get install patch

After install patch, you must download the VMware correction to your kernel:

http://weltall.heliohost.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/vmware802fixlinux320.tar.gz

Unpack the GZ file:

tar -zxvf vmware802fixlinux320.tar.gz

Run the Kernel modules patch:

./patch-modules_3.2.0.sh

Finally, execute VMWARE.


.run files usually are scripts. You should not install - execute any file - script outside of Ubuntu repositories, except if you trust 100% the source.
You can see the contents of the .run file with an editor.

gedit <filename>.run

You can execute a .run file from terminal (CTRL+ALT+T). First give the appropriate permissions. You have to connect to folder where the file is. I assume is in Downloads folder

cd Downloads
chmod +x <filename>.run

Then execute it with

./<filename>.run

or if needs root privileges (dangerous) , prefix with sudo


Huawei Freebuds 3 pairing with Ubuntu 18.04

Restart the bluetooth service from the console:

sudo service bluetooth restart

Open the bluetooth controller and check its working:

bluetoothctl
show

This should provide you with a name, alias and some other parameters. If not, then the following won't work and you'll need to check the bluetooth service/device.

Run the following:

agent on
default-agent
power on
pairable on

These may already be configured like this, but it doesn't hurt to run them anyway.

Check if your device is already registered:

devices

If your device is listed:

remove [MAC_ADDRESS]

***Replace [MAC_ADDRESS] with your device's MAC Address

Put your device into pairing mode and then:

pair [MAC_ADDRESS]
connect [MAC_ADDRESS]
trust [MAC_ADDRESS]

If this works, then you can exit with:

exit


What performace issues can I expect while using Adobe XD using wine?

So the only choice I am left with is using wine for it.

Not true and there are 2 better methods: dual boot and virtualization. Both are always better than wine. The reason: you are using a regular  Windows.

I want to know what performance issue will be there

I would worry about compatibility and installing 1st. Adobe XD 2019 has a "garbage" rating so ... it is not likely to run or you will need help from someone proficient with tinkering with wine.


How do you make Seahorse (Gnome Keyring) store passwords for ssh keys in?

You can also use ssh-add to add the key to the keyring. (This one worked for me whereas the "Configure key..." did not.)


You need to install remote-login-service

sudo apt-get install remote-login-service


Whats (currently) the most secure encryption software?

For encryption you have a few decent options:
VeraCrypt
VeraCrypt is a fork of TrueCrypt. It has fixed all the known flaws of TrueCrypt and is actively developed. It is used just like TrueCrypt and is compatible with old TrueCrypt containers.
Pros:

It is flexible, it can encrypt container files or disk devices with no added complexity.
It has a nice GUI and powerful algorithms to keep your data safe.
It's available for Windows, Linux and Mac -- cross compatibility.

Cons:

It's not available in the repositories.
No automatic updates.

LUKS
LUKS works in much the same way as VeraCrypt. It's able to encrypt disk devices (whole disks or partitions) and files. It is also compatible with Ubuntu out-of-the-box.
To format a partition as LUKS, use a command like this:
sudo cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sdX #See man cryptsetup for other options such as algorithm and key strength

Then, when this device is plugged in, you should get a password prompt to unlock the device. If this doesn't happen, you must use a command like sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdX encrypteddrive
Pros:

Built-in Ubuntu kernel support
Good degree of configurability.

Cons:

No GUI, the drive must be formatted from the command line.
Not mountable in Windows and possibly Mac.

eCryptFS
This is a built-in home folder encryption that can be enabled in Ubuntu. However, in Ubuntu it only uses a 128-bit RSA key which seems fairly weak. It also offers filename encryption which also encrypts filenames in the home folder until it is decrypted.
Pros:

Ubuntu support is out-of-the-box

Cons:

If you haven't already enabled it, it's a quite a chore to get your home folder encrypted after-the-fact.
The 128-bit encryption default is fairly weak.
Also, not cross-platform.

GnuPG
As you mentioned, GnuPG is another option. Though, it doesn't really fall into the same category as the others on this list. It's really only suitable for encrypting single files and there is no transparent way to access the contents without decrypting the whole file, making changes, and then re-encrypting it. This, of course, leaves an unencrypted copy of the file on the disk.
If you're only looking to encrypt a few files rather than a partition, then this is a viable option. Anything more than that, however, and GnuPG is lacking.
Pros:

Fairly simple to use, after installing seahorse-nautilus  it's a simple right-click->Encrypt... process.
Up to 4096-bit encryption is available
Available for Windows, Mac and Linux -- cross compatibility.

Cons:

Can only be used for individual files

Conclusion
All in all, "best" is a matter of opinion and your desired use case.
If you're looking for single file encryption, I'd say that GnuPG is your best option as it's up to you which files you want to encrypt.
If you're looking for partition, drive, device, or container encryption, I'd say VeraCrypt is probably the best overall option. It has a nice, easy-to-use GUI as well as some powerful features and multiple layers of encryption. However, it wouldn't be suitable for encrypting something like your home folder, since you'd have to unlock the /home partition with VeraCrypt before you were even able to log in.
For more-or-less whole OS encryption though, LUKS would probably be the best tool to accomplish the task. However, some setup is required to get this working as expected and would be considered an advanced or expert level process.
I'm sure there are more options, but these are my mainstays and a few to get you started =)


This is a known bug of util-linux (libblkid1) that has already been fixed upstream but not in Ubuntu yet.

Please tag yourself as an affected user to speed up the bugfixing process:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1389021


Configure apache server to accept same domain post requests

You need a script handler of some kind (python, php, etc.) to handle POST's. The point of a POST is that you are sending data back to the server, without the script handler, apache doesn't know how to do anything with that data.


Is there any way to set the display scaling back to default other than from the display settings dialog?

The problem seems to be that you are not able to see/control the lower part of the "Display settings". There is a workaround to move the lower part on top. For this, go to System settings -> Display and then right-click on the window bar on top and click on "Move". Do not move your mouse after clicking on "Move", otherwise the keyboard is not used for moving, only the mouse has the control for moving the window.

and then use your keyboard to move the window to top, slowing showing you the lower part where you drag your mouse to reset the scale to 1. Remember to click "Apply" for the settings to persist and then click on "Keep this configuration".

You can also hold down the Alt key and then click on any area of the window to move it up until you can see the slider.


Hotspot and Internet access together -- why not?

You're basically after turning your PC into a WiFi repeater.

If you use Ubuntu, you can use create_ap to create a hotspot:

sudo create_ap wlan0 wlan0 SomeNetwork SomePassword

Where the first interface is the device you want to use for the hotspot, and the second interface is the one that has access to the internet. Since you're repeating over the same adapter in your case, use the same interface.

If you use Windows, you can use Connectify Me or any similar software to use the same adapter that connects to the internet to run a hotspot.


Where to report bugs about the Ubuntu live distributions?

see Reporting Bugs
and How do I report a bug?


How can I see the temperature of a video card?

You can do that using lm-sensors utility [ http://www.lm-sensors.org ]. Install it and run the command sensors.

One more thing is that you can use cooling fan pads for cooling down your laptop. They are cheap (starting from $15) work well.


How can I use Coolpro music editor on Ubuntu?

If the software doesn't natively support Linux it's possible get it working using WINE. It's not perfect, but you could try running it and see how it works.

https://wiki.winehq.org/Ubuntu


Conflict with Nvidia proprietary drivers + TeamSpeak 3

The solution was simple enough: roll back the Nvidia drivers back to version 340.

Running Linux Mint 18 this is done simply by going to Driver Manager and selecting the Driver "nvidia-340" and rebooting.

I have not yet tested the latest "nvidia-378" to check if the problem persists. I did check the drivers "nvidia-367", "nvidia-370" and "nvidia-375" and I had the same problem. As stated, solution was to roll back drivers.


desktop does not come back after screen turns off

Maybe your DM wasn't installed properly? I've come across similar situations whilst playing around with multiple DMs. The best solution I can think of is to restart the DM.

Bring up the terminal by pressing Alt + F2 and type in the command  unity (This is similar to the command unity --replace)

If you want to restart your entire X Session, then type in sudo service sddm restart

Hope this helps?


How can I list all applications installed in my system?

I came up with this answer for people who wants to use bash in a good way. It's clear that the answer of the question is related to the listing of the files from /usr/share/applications, but the problem is that ls command shouldn't be parsed ever. In the past, I was doing the same mistake, but now I learned that the best way is to use a for loop to iterate over the files, even if I must use some more keys from my precious keyboard:

for app in /usr/share/applications/*.desktop; do echo "${app:24:-8}"; done

I also used in the previous command string manipulation operations: removed from app first 24 characters which are /usr/share/applications/ and last 8 characters which are .desktop.

Update:

Another place where you can find applications shown by the Dash is ~/.local/share/applications/*.desktop. So you need to run the following command as well:

for app in ~/.local/share/applications/*.desktop; do echo "${app:37:-8}"; done

To unify the previous two commands, you can use:

for app in /usr/share/applications/*.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/*.desktop; do app="${app##/*/}"; echo "${app::-8}"; done


My video Card is not working at its best

Do you have a discrete graphics card in addition to the Intel HD Graphics? If so, you would need to install the display drivers for that card. If the card is an Nvidia and uses Optimus, you should install Bumblebee drivers. If it is an AMD, you should install radeon drivers.


Where is cf/README? It's supposed to be with the configuration files

Have you installed the sendmail documentation package?  sendmail-doc

https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic/sendmail-doc

  powerful, efficient, and scalable Mail Transport Agent (documentation)


you can use htop also and its more featured than top .

if you want to test it , then you have install it with

sudo apt-get install htop

after that type htop .


Installing php5-fpm but missing www.conf

www.conf is in pool.d folder

 /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf


"Untitled window" icons when using Android Studio

this is a temporary solution to this issue:
open android studios normally, and then press alt + f2 and type unity, you will see those icons dissapear.


Is this a Ubuntu Software Center Bug: Net connection not available

If any other application can connect to the Internet and Ubuntu Software Center cannot, then definitely something is wrong with it. Do report this bug, even if the bug is somewhere else (for example: in the wvdial, or in some system's network settings), the developers will help you diagnose this problem and determine the reason. The page where you should report bugs in Ubuntu Software Center is: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/software-center/+filebug


How do I make sense of the Disk Usage Analyzer?

It says I have 286.6 GB total space, of which only 60.8 GB is used, leaving 225.9 GB available. That being the case, why does it say 100% usage in the list of directories?

You have obviously chosen to scan your home directory. What is shown is what folders make up the total of the home directory, and hence all the contents of the home directory will add up to 100%. As a clarification, it is shown that the home directory contains 100% of the listed directories and files.

  Storage is on a separate partition, with a symlinked directory in my home folder. Why is it being included in the total? (It isn't more than 1/3 full in any case).

This might indeed make it a bit hard to interpret the figures. What I do know is that the program will follow symlinks. As to my knowledge, this can't be disabled.

I am not sure from where the program will get the "Total filesystem capacity" data at the top when several filesystems are in play on the scanned path through symlinks.

For a clearer view on the file system capacity (capacities), it might be more useful to use the df terminal command. Run with an option, df -hto get human readable file sizes. The command will list the physical drives and the mount points, e.g.:

$ df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5                158G   51G   99G  34% /
none                     4,0K     0  4,0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                     1,9G  4,0K  1,9G   1% /dev
tmpfs                    386M  1,2M  385M   1% /run
none                     5,0M     0  5,0M   0% /run/lock
none                     1,9G  1,5M  1,9G   1% /run/shm
none                     100M   60K  100M   1% /run/user
deskt:/media/Samsung     801G  414G  388G  52% /mnt/deskt/data
deskt:/home/carl         113G   40G   68G  37% /mnt/deskt/carl
deskt:/tmp               113G   40G   68G  37% /mnt/deskt/tmp
/dev/sda3                 63G   26G   37G  42% /media/carl/OS

The /dev/sda? entries will show the capacity and usage of the different partitions.

On a side note, a more natural approach of having the home folder on a separate partition would be to mount /home/ to that partition, rather than doing it with a symlink.


Zip multiple folders to individual files with password protection

I found a solution yet I don't know why this now works/why the solution I found in the first link does not.
If I get rid of the quotation marks and run it as

for i in * ; do 7z a $i.zip -ppassword $i ; done

everything seems to be working fine. If anybody feels like commenting on why the quotation marks are not needed, I would appreciate that.


Using Intel integrated graphics for display and NVIDIA GPU for CUDA 11.1 on Ubuntu 20.04

nvidia-smi may be what you're looking for.
sudo apt install nvidia-smi

Power management mode settings
nvidia-smi -i <device id> -pl N
sudo nvidia-persistenced
nvidia-smi -q -d SUPPORTED_CLOCKS$ sudo nvidia-smi -ac <Mem clock, Graphics clock>

nvidia-smi commands: https://subscription.packtpub.com/book/programming/9781788996242/app01/app01sec01/useful-nvidia-smi-commands
nvidia-smi repositories: https://github.com/topics/nvidia-smi
https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man1/alt-nvidia-current-smi.1.html
http://http.download.nvidia.com/developer/GPU_Programming_Guide/GPU_Programming_Guide.pdf


Cleaning ubuntu from residual files left after removed packages

As of 12.04 you can just do

sudo apt-get remove --purge {packagename}

for packages that already have been removed.

This will do them all in 1 nifty command ...

dpkg --purge `dpkg --get-selections | grep deinstall | cut -f1`

Old skool:

If you want to do this visually: install Synaptic  from the Software Center and run synaptic. You ca find what you want to remove in the "Not Installed (residual config)" section.


How can I unfold a bash function that has inner functions in it?

Here is a short script that searches for inner function and define them at the same time (1 depth level only)

function declare-recursively () {
    declare -f $@
    declare -f | grep ' () {' | sed 's/ () {//' | while read i
    do
        declare -f $@ | grep -Po "[\t, ]$i " | while read j
        do
            declare -f $j
        done
    done
}


How can I have a startup service wait till remote drive to become available?

Okay, so first you need to disable the script from startup

 sudo update-rc.d foobar remove

And then add it again as

 sudo update-rc.d foobar defaults 99

Replace foobar with your actual script.

Setting the script to defaults 99 will make it the last thing it does, so that should give it the time it needs for share to become available.


Open Terminal and enter these commands to add the Racket PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:plt/racket -y

and install:

sudo apt-get install racket -y

You can run it by entering drracket or opening it in Applications menu.


Your memory is being fully utilized.

If you look at:

             total        used        free      shared  buff/cache  available
Mem:           3847        1547         104         231        2194        1810

note the columns shared and buff/cache... this is currently unused memory that is used for file and disk buffers/cache.

This line:

Swap:          2047         156        1891

indicates that swap is also being used. Swap is used by the system to store recently unused active memory pages. Swap is not RAM space.


Does pyopencl require discrete graphics?

Neither OpenCL nor PyOpenCL require any GPU at all. Try this howto for setup instructions.


In "Ubuntu Software" list, there is two FileZilla.
One of them is FileZilla(Unofficial).
If you have installed that, please remove the unofficial one, and install the other one.
That solved my problem.


How to set umask to u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx for all ways of logging in without root privileges on 20.04.2?

You are missing 1 :)
For gnome3 sessions add a umask to
$HOME/.gnomerc


Purged Network-Manager and now I can't download it because I don't have any internet connection

It would be best if you could find a wired connection and connect your laptop to that and then reinstall the network manager.

After that, you should check the 'Additional Drivers' to see if you can find the drivers available there for your network card - it requires a network connection as well to download those and requires you to reboot after installing them.

If you have no luck with getting a wired internet connection, you might be better off re-installing Ubuntu.


Disk Usage Analyzer reports that the .ecryptfs file is taking up as much space as the home drive

This is a bug in the disk analyzer utility.  It is misrepresenting the amount of storage that's actually being used on your disk.

The files that are actually written to disk (if you're using Ubuntu's Encrypted Home Directory) are located in /home/.ecryptfs.  The files and directories you see in your $HOME are actually a virtual representation of your encrypted data.  It's a phantom view of your decrypted data that the Linux kernel presents to the rest of the operating system.  Rest assured that it's not taking up twice the disk space.

Full disclosure: I am the author of Ubuntu's Encrypted Home Directory feature and one of the current maintainers of eCryptfs.


The default security policy for sudo normally prevents it from inheriting environment variables. However unless the particular variable is explicitly denied in your sudoers file, you should be able to allow it by specifying the -E option to sudo, e.g.

$ VAR="value" python -c 'import os; print os.environ.get("VAR")'
value
$
$ VAR="value" sudo python -c 'import os; print os.environ.get("VAR")'
None
$
$ VAR="value" sudo -E python -c 'import os; print os.environ.get("VAR")'
value
$

See man sudo

   -E          The -E (preserve environment) option indicates to the
               security policy that the user wishes to preserve their
               existing environment variables.  The security policy may
               return an error if the -E option is specified and the user
               does not have permission to preserve the environment.


Installing 10.04 server on HP xw9400 Workstation with RAID 5

You have a fakeraid, not hardware raid.  See http://wiki.ubuntu.com/FakeRaidHowto for more information.  I suggest that you go into the bios utility and delete the raid array, then follow the instructions to setup an mdadm linux software raid.

This basically involves creating a raid partition on each disk, then creating the raid array built from those partitions, then using that array for your root filesystem.


my terminal and the Aperture Science logo

Maybe you can edit the .bashrc file of your terminal?
I saw this and it looks pretty nice. you can edit it to show only the aperture logo.
Scroll down to the end of the file, where you can see the logo and edit it as you wish. Be carefull not to touch anything unless you know what it does.
To install, rename the file to ".bashrc" and put it in your home folder. Be sure to make a backup of your current one!!


It looks like you have set particular user id as  group ownership of file.
(See s in rwxrwsrwx file permissions details.)
That's why you are getting permission denied with tvelichkov username.
You need to turn off user id and set group id in file ownership.
sudo chown g-s www-data: /tmp/db.log

I would suggest that you should use same user to run and test application.
That would avoid these kind of issues.


Why isn't the configuration to make KDE apps look native default?

Mark has answered this question here: http://www.markshuttleworth.com/archives/568

  " System settings and prefs, however, have long been a cause of friction between Qt and Gtk. Integration with system settings and preferences is critical to the sense of an application “belonging” on the system. It affects the ability to manage that application using the same tools one uses to manage all the other applications, and the sorts of settings-and-preference experience that users can have with the app. This has traditionally been a problem with Qt / KDE applications on Ubuntu, because Gtk apps all use a centrally-manageable preferences store, and KDE apps do things differently."

And is trying to fix it:

  "To address this, Canonical is driving the development of dconf bindings for Qt, so that it is possible to write a Qt app that uses the same settings framework as everything else in Ubuntu. We’ve contracted with Ryan Lortie, who obviously knows dconf very well, and he’ll work with some folks at Canonical who have been using Qt for custom development work for customers. We’re confident the result will be natural for Qt developers, and a complete expression of dconf’s semantics and style."


bash script for finding missing files which have variable gaps

It looks to me like the numbers in the filename are incremented by 160, so, rather than manipulate columns (assuming "c5-8" refers to column numbers) process the whole number.
first=191120081
last=192722961

num=$first
while [[ $num -le $last ]] ; do
    fnam="pic_${num}.png"
    if [[ ! -f "$fnam" ]] ; then
       echo "Missing $fnam"
    fi
    num=$(( $num + 160 ))
done


Why is Ubuntu offline (except torrents) while Windows is online?

You don't say what version of Ubuntu you are running. I will assume 12.04 for now.

On 12.04 and later, you shouldn't be editing /etc/resolv.conf as any changes there get overwritten by other tools.

Generally, network configuration is now managed in NetworkManager. Firstly then, check NetworkManager: using the network indicator in the top bar, open the settings for your connection, check the IPv4 tab a report back what is there.

If it is anything other than auto, make a note of all of the settings, then change it to "Automatic (DHCP)". See if that helps.

The next thing to check is the output from:

cat /run/nm-dns-dnsmasq.conf

Since this is where NetworkManager squirrels away the DNS settings. On my machine, which uses OpenDNS as set in my routers DHCP settings, I have:

server=208.67.220.222
server=208.67.220.220

(This doesn't work in Ubuntu 12.10 because in Ubuntu 12.10 NetworkManager sends nameserver addresses to the local forwarding nameserver over D-Bus.)

From the command line:

nm-tool

will tell you all of NetworkManager's settings.

You should also note that the output of cat /etc/resolv.conf should look like:

nameserver 127.0.0.1
search home.gateway

/etc/resolv.conf itself should be a symbolic link to ../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf.


Using both nvidia and amd gpu in the same machine

This may help, I'm not sure, take a look at this:

Load both drivers with modprobe module-name
Get the ID for each amd-device and nvidia-device with lspci -nn
Bind the driver you wish to each device ID with:

echo -n "amd-device-ID" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/[amd-driver]/bind

echo -n "nvidia-device-ID" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/[nvidia-driver]/bind


Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS, what is the name of the Default Desktop / GUI?

It's GNOME, you can see here.

Ubuntu used to have home-grown Unity as the default, but they switched to GNOME since version 17.10 (announced here by Mark Shuttleworth).


You must give an unambiguous path to the file - otherwise the system can only assume that it's in the current directory.

Since you used cd to return to your home directory, that would be

cp -r Desktop/Classes/NOS110/Handouts/file3.txt Desktop/

The -r is necessary since despite its name, file3.txt is a directory (you created it using mkdir - perhaps you should have used touch?)


You should double check your network topology and see if you are able to reach your gateway IP, if not double check that the LAN does actually allow ARP requests between those hosts and if they are able to gather MAC addresses of the GW and other hosts.
If you are not able to see any host via ARP you are most likely to be in a different LAN or separated network segment


Try installing python-dev as the error suggests:

sudo apt-get install python-dev

python-devel is for RHEL-based systems, and python-dev for Debian-based ones.


Possible Graphics Problem Playing Out Of Reach

The problem could be a driver bug. To exclude it you could run the game with Mesa software rendering enabled, just set the variable LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1 when starting the game, and see if the problem persist. If this is the case (though if that didn't work too), you could either try upgrading to latest unstable Mesa drivers by adding Xorg edgers PPA (alternatively Oibaf PPA), or install proprietary NVidia drivers.


Within the output of sudo systemctl status apache2 we can see the following messages:

  ... could not bind to address [::]:80 ...

  ... could not bind to address 0.0.0.0:80 ...

I suppose the port 80 is used by an another service. Use one of the next commands to find which is this service:

sudo lsof -i -n -P | grep ':80'

sudo netstat -peanut | grep ':80'

Then stop (or disable) thath service and restaart (enable) Apache. If Apache is sucessfully enabled, then you can decide to disable the other service permanently or change the port 80 on one of the two conflict services (Apache ot the other one).

References:

I can't restart the apace2 if I open the SSL port 443 in file of `/etc/apache2/ports.conf ` in ubuntu 18.04LTS


Adding a keyboard layout in the Guest session is not permanent

Have you tried System->Preferences->Keyboard->Layouts->Apply System-Wide?


How to get my ubuntu shared folders appearing under network in windows 10

I have an alternative with respect to Windows 10 if anyone is interested. I submitted this as a bug / feature request in launchpad:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/samba/+bug/1831441

There exists in github something that has most of this already created. One can use it in Ubuntu but it requires some work to implement:

[1] Download the file:

wget https://github.com/christgau/wsdd/archive/master.zip

[2] UnZip it:

unzip master.zip

[3] Rename the python script

sudo mv wsdd-master/src/wsdd.py wsdd-master/src/wsdd

[4] Copy it to /usr/bin

sudo cp wsdd-master/src/wsdd /usr/bin

[5] A systemd service file is already provided in the package it just needs to be copied to the correct location:

sudo cp wsdd-master/etc/systemd/wsdd.service /etc/systemd/system

[6] The wsdd.service file has to be edited to remove references to the nobody user:

#User=nobody
#Group=nobody

[7] Then enable the service:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start wsdd
sudo systemctl enable wsdd

Now Win10 can discover the Ubuntu server with its own native WSD protocol and there is no need to enable smb1 on the client side.


Google+ Hangouts window steals focus [when switching desktops]

The 'Always on top' behavior can be toggled in the settings for the hangouts app itself.  Click on the gear icon to get to the settings menu.


Guest account files lost, how to recover?

It is not true that there is no way to recover them. It is true that there is no particularly reliable way to recover them. And with all the time that has passed, it is quite unlikely they could be recovered now; I'm really posting this answer for others who experience similar situations in the future.

When a file is deleted, such as files purged from /tmp, the data is not immediately destroyed, and it can persist for an extended time, and it can sometimes be recovered. See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery for information about data recovery in the context of Ubuntu.

Continuing to use your computer after you have deleted files that you want to recover significantly decreases the chance that recovery will be possible. So please do heed this warning (from DataRecovery):

  You should NOT write to the failed device, as it can worsen a hardware
  failure, and overwrite existant data in case of lost files.

  Shut down the affected machine as soon as possible, and restart it
  from a LiveCD or LiveUSB. Be certain that the "live" cd does not
  automatically mount any partition or swap space.

In other words, stop using the Ubuntu system immediately, and only boot into either (1) a different system installed on the computer, or (2) better, a live CD/DVD or live USB flash drive.

(Thanks to Joseph Kern for pointing out the importance of emphasizing the need to stop using the system if there is to be good chance of recovering deleted files.)


It's no optimal solution, but you can manually install the dependencies by grabbing the needed packages from Launchpad.

First, you need to install some other needed dependencies, that are available in the Ubuntu repositories:

sudo apt-get install libprojectm2 projectm-data libftgl2

Download the files:

For 32-bit Ubuntu:

  libavcodec52_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
  libavformat52_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
  libavutil50_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
  libswscale0_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
  ultrastar-deluxe_1.1.0-4_i386.deb
  ultrastar-deluxe-data_1.1.0-4_all.deb
  ultrastar-deluxe-songs_20100506-1_all.deb

For 64-bit Ubuntu:

  libavcodec52_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
  libavformat52_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
  libavutil50_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
  libswscale0_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
  ultrastar-deluxe_1.1.0-4_amd64.deb
  ultrastar-deluxe-data_1.1.0-4_all.deb
  ultrastar-deluxe-songs_20100506-1_all.deb

Install the packages in this order:

On 32-bit Ubuntu:

sudo dpkg -i libavutil50_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i libavcodec52_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i libavformat52_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i libswscale0_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i ultrastar-deluxe-data_1.1.0-4_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i ultrastar-deluxe_1.1.0-4_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i ultrastar-deluxe-songs_20100506-1_all.deb

On 64-bit Ubuntu:

sudo dpkg -i libavutil50_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libavcodec52_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libavformat52_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libswscale0_0.6.2-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i ultrastar-deluxe-data_1.1.0-4_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i ultrastar-deluxe_1.1.0-4_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i ultrastar-deluxe-songs_20100506-1_all.deb

Now you should be able to run UltraStar Deluxe by running ultrastardx.


sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
ccsm

Here you'll find Place Windows plugin. AFAIK, this is the only way to customize window placement in Compiz.


How do I fix a garbled screen on a Gateway LT3103u?

It turns out this post is the answer I was looking for. The trouble is something called kernel mode-setting (KMS), which according to the Ubuntu wiki

  shifts responsibility for selecting and setting up the graphics mode from X.org to the kernel. When X.org is started, it then detects and uses the mode without any further mode changes.

However, Radeon graphics cards are unevenly supported by the kernel, and KMS is turned on automatically in newer versions of Ubuntu, despite it not working with older cards. This is probably the reason why upgrading Ubuntu caused these problems.

To remove KMS in GRUB 2, add nomodeset to GRUB_CMD_LINUX (GRUB_CMD_LINUX="nomodeset") in /etc/default/grub and run sudo update-grub. Reboot.


Netplan not connecting to hidden SSID Server 18.04.1 LTS

Based on my reading of the official source code, this does NOT work yet.  Netplan delegates WiFi connection to wpa_supplicant, but there are no provisions to emit the "scan_ssid=1" configuration line that wpa_supplicant expects.

See write_wpa_conf(): https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/netplan/blob/1265de994bd1ff5e1dad573d816b9201127206b3/src/networkd.c

However, by gross abuse of string escaping in the SSID name, I did get my connection to work.

"MYREALSSID\"\n  scan_ssid=1\n# \"hack!":
  password: "MYSSIDPASSWORD"

eventually becomes:

network={
  ssid="MYREALSSID"
  scan_ssid=1
# "hack!"
  psk="MYSSIDPASSWORD"
}

(Note the comment to swallow the open double quote).

Ubuntu bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/netplan/+bug/1866100


Python.h: No such file or directory #include

the missing header file Python.h is in the python-dev package, first check that you have it installed:

$ dpkg --get-selections |grep python-dev
libboost-mpi-python-dev             install
libboost-python-dev             install
python-dev                  install

You can also use 'locate' to see if the file exists:

$ locate Python.h
/usr/include/python2.7/Python.h

Once you know that you have the header file, try to see where the compiler is looking for it:

cd PyQt_installation_dir
grep -r python2.7 .
...
./QtNetwork/QtNetwork.pro:INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/include/python2.7
...

In my case the problem was that the file was in /usr/include/python2.7, but the Makefile include path (-I) contained /usr/local/include/python2.7. To work around this, I made a link:

cd /usr/local/include
ln -s ../../include/python2.7 .

Maybe there is a nicer way to do this, but at least the compilation worked.

Best,
Harri


Install App Image such as beaker browser and pin it to dock (favorites) in Ubuntu 20.04?

With the Appimage format, you directly run the application by running the appimage file, without installing it into your system. Because there is no installation, the application typically will not install a launcher in your application menu.

If you want the application to appear in the menu, you will need to create a desktop file for it yourself. A .desktop file is a small text file that provides information to your operating system on how to start an application and display it in the menu. If you place your valid .desktop file in .local/share/applications, your menu system automatically will pick it up so you can launch it from there.

Once your custom application appears in your menu, you can also pin it in the normal way.


Sign out of your Google Chrome account if signed in.  And quit the browser.
Delete the user data with this command: rm -r ~/.config/google-chrome/Default
Relaunch Google Chrome.  The error should now be gone, re-signin to your Google Chrome account and let it sync back your personal settings, extensions, and bookmarks.

Edit: Warning.  If you don't have your bookmarks and such synced to your Google account then #2 will delete them with no recovery.


Cannot Transfer File using scp command for certificate authority

Accord to the article. you need two machines to complete VPN server.


How switch the grub from 15.04 to 14.04 in a system which has installed both

If you look in /etc/default/grub, you have a variable GRUB_DEFAULT:

↳ grep GRUB_DEFAULT /etc/default/grub
GRUB_DEFAULT=0

This is the menu entry that will be used by default. To see which menu entries you have, have a look in /boot/grub/grub.cfg (nl -v 0 is used to add the line numbers):

↳ egrep "^menuentry |^submenu " /boot/grub/grub.cfg | nl -v 0
 0  menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-bf88b0d6-7f16-4314-87f5-ce3e84a6a396' {
 1  submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-bf88b0d6-7f16-4314-87f5-ce3e84a6a396' {
 2  menuentry 'System setup' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {

Having GRUB_DEFAULT=0 means booting the first menuentry. So if you wanted to boot to System setup by default (as a silly example), set GRUB_DEFAULT=2 and run sudo update-grub.

In the case you want to boot something in the submenu by default, you'd have to use the submenu index, > and the index of the menuentry in the submenu. E.g, 4th entry in submenu, then GRUB_DEFAULT should be set to "1>3"

It is also possible to set GRUB_DEFAULT to name label of a menuentry (first parameter), so GRUB_DEFAULT='System setup' would also be a valid setting.

Whenever changing /etc/default/grub, do not forget to run sudo update-grub.

More reading at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Submenus.


Ubuntu 13.10 to 14.04 Lts does not upgrade, keeps showing error

I have solved the same problem running

sudo apt-get remove libaccount-plugin-google

How I have found this? I have checked the last error from my "/var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log" and it was related to unmet dependency of libaccount-plugin-google

I have no idea if this works for you also. gl&hf


Resilio package error prevents updates and most other terminal commands

Try to remove it with

sudo apt purge resilio-sync


You are trying to retrieve /bean123ch/burg/ubuntu/dists quantal but it  does not exist

Only /bean123ch/burg/ubuntu/dists/ hardy or  jaunty or lucid or  maverick exist

Solution

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:n-muench/burg

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install burg burg-themes

sudo burg-install "(hd0)"

replacing (hd0) with the drive on which your MBR is installed.

sudo update-burg


Problem with VirtualBox 5.2 on Ubuntu 17.10

I solved it by changing the kernel from 4.14 to 4.15

I'm really new to Ubuntu so I did'nt understand why the kernel had to do with Vbox, but that apparently solved it.

Thanks for anyone that spend time on this question.


How to update firewall to pass NFS traffic?

Never mind. After lunch the NFS server miraculously started working. Or maybe she is just not an early riser.


15.10 - Cannot connect to wireless networks at home, but can at remote locations?

Windows offers automatic switching between Access Points and channels to find the best connection. Ubuntu comes with GNOME Network Manager that does not offer this fuctionality.

This will cause problems if you use your laptop in a congested enviroment with many access points and many channels. Look at this section of the results of your WiFi script.

Channel occupancy:

      4   APs on   Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1)
      5   APs on   Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
      1   APs on   Frequency:5.18 GHz (Channel 36)
      7   APs on   Frequency:5.32 GHz (Channel 64)
      6   APs on   Frequency:5.745 GHz (Channel 149)

You are using channel 1. Lets look at that in more detail, again from the results of your wireless script. The 4 access points are

UCSD-PROTECTED
eduroam
UCSD-GUEST
UCSD-DEVICE

and you are connected to the first of these. This is probably the access point and channel the majority of non-Windows users are connected to so it is massively overloaded.

The next Channel that has access points is channel 6. The access points are

UCSD-PROTECTED
eduroam
UCSD-GUEST
UCSD-GUEST
UCSD-DEVICE

and so on ad nauseum. All of these access points are contending with each other and since the network administrator who created this chaos did not include the channel number in the channel name there is no easy way to manually ensure you connect to the best access point and channel.

To solve this you need to get your computer to do the hard work through a script such as getwifi .


Trouble installing Keepass2 KPGoogleSync Plugin (file corrupted)

Apparently the file was really corrupted on some content servers or there was no way investigate further. Statement from the author:

  Uploaded a new version 2.1.1.

  Included a checksum as well this time GoogleSyncPlugin-2.1.1. If the
  file gets corrupted again, I can at least contact SourceForge for an
  explanation.

2015-06-16 by Danyal in thread Download zip corrupt?


Unable to login after deleting the "libxml" package in Synaptic

You can reinstall all packages from the recovery mode.

When booting the computer, you will see a list of all installed operating systems (GRUB). If not, press the left shift during boot.
Select the Ubuntu Recovery mode, and in the next screen choose "netroot".
There, enter the following command, which will install all packages that come with a default Ubuntu:

apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


How can I change the sound volume pressing rather than clicking on keyboard?

You can set up custom keyboard shortcut to do this:

Go to Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts > Custom Short Shortcuts

Here add new shortcut.Give a name to it and for volume up give the command as:

pactl set-sink-volume 0 +2%

For volume down ;

pactl set-sink-volume 0 -- -2%

Now set  the required keyboard short cut by clicking the entry and then pressing the required shortcut.

Once done, close it and test. This solution should work since the we keep the n% change small and by continuous pressing for longer time the n% adds up to give bigger change.

You can also set fixed volume shortcuts like 25%, 50% , 75% and so on. Just use,

pactl set-sink-volume 0 n%

and change n to the required number.


mydomain.com redirected you too many times. ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS

This block is causing the issue, like you suspected:
server {
    if ($host = www.mydomain.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot

    if ($host = mydomain.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot

    server_name mydomain.com www.mydomain.com ;
    listen 80;
    return 404; # managed by Certbot

}

This server block redirects the user to https. However, it redirects https to https as well, which is causing the issue. You can change it to:
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name mydomain.com www.mydomain.com;
    return 301 https://mydomain.com$request_uri;
}