Use Preseed to chose install disks based on size or type

This might not be the most elegant solution but it did the trick for me. It selects the first two disks that are less than 1000MB to use for the raid

d-i partman/early_command string \
NODEVICES=$(list-devices disk | wc -l);\
SIZELIMIT=1000;\
FOUNDDISK=0;\
COUNTER=0;\
while [ "$COUNTER" -ne "$NODEVICES" ]; do\
COUNTER=$((COUNTER+1));\
if [ $COUNTER -eq 1 ]; then\
DEVICE=$(list-devices disk|head -n1);\
else DEVICE=$(list-devices disk|head -n$COUNTER|tail -1);fi;\
echo $DEVICE >> /disks.txt;\
DEVICESIZE=$(fdisk -l|grep -o "$DEVICE: [0-9.]* GB"|grep -o "[0-9.]*");\
INT=${DEVICESIZE%.*};\
if [ $INT -lt $SIZELIMIT ]; then\
if [ $FOUNDDISK -eq 0 ]; then FOUNDDISK=1; DISKA=${DEVICE};\
elif [ $FOUNDDISK -eq 1 ]; then FOUNDDISK=2; DISKB=${DEVICE};fi;\
fi;\
done;\
if [ "${DISKA#/dev/cciss}" != "$DISKA" ]; then DISKAP="p"; fi;\
if [ "${DISKB#/dev/cciss}" != "$DISKB" ]; then DISKBP="p"; fi;\
if [ "$DISKA" = "$DISKB" ]; then\
debconf-set partman-auto/disk "$DISKA";\
debconf-set partman-auto-raid/recipe "1 2 0 ext3 /boot ${DISKA}${DISKAP}1 . 1    2 0 lvm - ${DISKA}${DISKAP}5 .";\
debconf-set grub-installer/bootdev "$DISKA";\
else\
debconf-set partman-auto/disk "$DISKA $DISKB";\
debconf-set partman-auto-raid/recipe "1 2 0 ext3 /boot ${DISKA}${DISKAP}1#${DISKB}${DISKBP}1 . 1 2 0 lvm - ${DISKA}${DISKAP}5#${DISKB}${DISKBP}5 .";\
debconf-set grub-installer/bootdev "$DISKA $DISKB";\
fi;


Not able to execute a .sh file: /bin/bash^M: bad interpreter

This isn't a permission issue, you aren't getting a message about permissions

/bin/bash^M: bad interpreter: No such file or directory

The script indicates that it must be executed by a shell located at /bin/bash^M. There is no such file: it's called /bin/bash.

The ^M is a carriage return character. Linux uses the line feed character to mark the end of a line, whereas Windows uses the two-character sequence CR LF. Your file has Windows line endings, which is confusing Linux.

Remove the spurious CR characters. You can do it with the following command:

sed -i -e 's/\r$//' create_mgw_3shelf_6xIPNI1P.sh


Desktop not hardware compatible with 3D effects

I discovered Unity 2D while "surfing,"http://www.webupd8.org/2011/01/unity-2d-qt-now-available-in-ppa-for.html: (This is the link to how to install "Unity 2D." Canonical might want to consider offering Unity 2D as an installation option in Natty for those of us running "legacy" systems!)


speech-dispatcher stopped working, spd-say starts, but stops after a few words

You need -w with spd-say to prevent that.
Without it, spd-say will send the request to say something to speech-dispatcher, speech-dispatcher will say "okay, I'll do that!" and soon after, spd-say will exit. If speech-dispatcher hasn't finished talking at this point, it stops once spd-say exits.
I don't know why the architectural decision was made too do it this way. Because it was, it makes more sense to me that spd-say would have a --no-wait than a --wait, but I think we'd both agree that the documentation is not as clear on this point as it likely ought to be.


Unable to connect via wifi in Ubuntu 14.04?

1.Go to system settings.
2.Sofware and Updates
3.other software.
4.check them all.
5.additional drivers
6.If the system finds any third part driver then click it.
7.apply changes.
8.Done


Unity runs slow, how can I improve its performance?

In CCSM, go into the options for Ubuntu Unity Plugin and in the tab Experimental, change option Dash Blur from "Active Blur" to "Static Blur" or "No Blur".

You can also go into option Composite and disable "Detect Refresh Rate" and increase option Refresh Rate to over 60.

To increase performance further, you have to have Nvidia's propietary drivers installed (make sure you are using the latest version). Go into NVIDIA X Server Settings and in Open GL Settings Change "Image Settings" to "High Performance".

Remember these options will only apply with *Unity 3D*


What are the multi-touch netbooks/tablets that work with Ubuntu?

Please see this to get help with MultiTouch in Ubuntu: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch#Community%20Help

The same page has a section dedicated to devices currently supported or being tested by the community. Your two choices don't seem listed there but I'd encourage you to file bugs:
ubuntu-bug utouch

If you can do so from any of the devices, within a 10.10 live CD, that would be best.


Having problem opening windows .doc file

Quick solution will be use a portable file version, like .odt, but I'm assuming you really want to use .doc files.

Solution 1: Update your LibreOffice

As LibreOffice is always improving MSOffice compatibility, you can install the latest stable LibreOffice version, using their fresh PPA:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa

Accept then run:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Solution 2: Install MSOffice

Disclaimer: I'm supposing you have the MSOffice installer and a valid license. Additionally, keep in your mind MSOffice has no Linux support.

Using PlayOnLinux, which is a wizard to install and configure Windows software running on Linux using Wine, you can install some MSOffice versions, like 2010 (which runs smoothly).

First, install PlayOnLinux and some other required packages:

sudo apt-get install playonlinux samba winbind

Then follow this tutorial steps.


Create a file: /etc/rc.local

File contents:

#!/bin/sh -e
smbnetfs /home/user/Shared -o allow_other
exit 0

Save the file and make it executable with this command:

sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local

The commands in the file before exit 0 will be run as root at startup.


It would remove the Unity desktop environment itself, so that when you log in, the Unity session option will no longer be available. If you will never use Unity, there should be no problem.

Be aware that there are many dependencies of unity that may not automatically be removed. To save disk space, you could also uninstall them. When doing so, remember to check before hitting Enter to make sure that apt-get isn't trying to uninstall half your system.

A few Unity-related things you probably should leave: libunity9 (many GNOME applications depend on this).

Assuming you are already using the KDE login screen (which is separate from the default Ubuntu one), you can also remove unity-greeter.


You need to fix your sources.list file. Try opening the terminal Ctrl+Alt+T. Next type sudo gedit sources.list . The sources list will pop-up. Remove the ones listed which appear to no longer be valid. You'll also need to edit the entries in /etc/apt/sources.list.d . To edit these you can type sudo nautilus to open the file browser as root and delete the ppa's listed in the errors above. Replace with actual valid sources and save. Run the update command to refresh and get the updates.


How to connect to internet from recovery mode?

When you boot to recovery mode you should get an option to drop to a root shell with networking , netroot

I do not know what problem you are having, but sometimes it is easier to use the live CD.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCdRecovery

If needed you can use chroot to access / update your root partition.

Assuming your ubuntu partition is as /dev/sda1 (you may need to mount /home and/or /boot if you have separate /home or /boot partitions) ...

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
# If needed
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/boot

sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/
sudo cp /etc/hosts mnt/etc/

sudo mount --bind /dev/ /mnt/dev

sudo chroot /mnt

mount -t proc none /proc
mount -t sysfs none /sys
mount -t devpts none /dev/pts

You should now have root access to your ubuntu root partition.


I believe you need a transparent VPN for your wifi, right?

The routing table is OK, but iptables needs an update.

Since your policies aren't restrict, you'll be good with this:

iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan+ -o tun+ -m conntrack --ctstate NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -i tun+ -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o tun+ -j MASQUERADE

For the refference, check https://www.frozentux.net/iptables-tutorial/chunkyhtml/x4422.html for MASQUERADE target, as it is crucial in dealing with NAT.


I finally re-installed netbeans and restarted the system before trying to open it.


Configuring JAVA HOME for Hadoop 3.0.3 when having multiple Java versions

Make sure that you have a verified backup first.

A lot of the hadoop ecosystem only supports Java 8. Scala, Spark, etc. However, when installing Hadoop, JAVA_HOME needs to be setup first.

You will need to uninstall Java 11 before installing Java 8. For a Hadoop system, it will be better to receive an error message to help identify where the issue is, then to have different JVMs running (Java 11 and Java 8). Note: I am assuming that Hadoop is running automatically at system startup, so you will definitely need to remove Java 11.

Then you will need to go thru each of the Hadoop configurations files to double check that JAVA_HOME has not been configured. For Ubuntu this is generally /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop but can be anything that the previous admin wanted ($HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop). A grep of then entire directly will speed this up. This goes for each add-on product such as Hive, HBase, etc. You may be lucky in that only hadoop-env.sh has JAVA_HOME configured.

Also check the init startup scripts in /etc/init.d

After rebooting Hadoop, review the log files. I would also shutdown and restart each service one at a time and review the output.


netplan switch connection on renderer networkd

I found documentation:
netplan faq
so to see internet connection name devices you can do:
$ ip a
and so to turn off and on mine wifi internet connection
ip link set wlan0 down
ip link set wlan0 up
this is usefull too: network-configuration
best regards,
Leonardo


Ubuntu 20.04 Network Performance Extremely Slow

The top voted answer didn't solve it for me and I got this solution from a different source.

This was because Ubuntu resets the TLP configuration when I upgraded from 18.04 to 20.04, and the power management went back to "on". I disabled wifi power management directly by editing /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf and changed the value from 3 to 2, saved changes and rebooted.


How do I update LibreOffice to next point release in 14.04?

To get the latest version of LibreOffice (the one not directly located in the Ubuntu Repositories) add the libre ofice PPA.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

This should upgrade you to the latest version of Libre Office available.
Do note that the 4.3 package is not YET added to the PPA.


According to man banshee, you can use:

banshee --play file.mp3

or

 muinshee --play file.mp3

If you already play a track, use below command to change to another track:

banshee --play-enqueued another_file.mp3

More about: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/raring/man1/banshee.1.html


No internet access when using a PPTP VPN server

Edit the options file with sudo nano /etc/ppp/pptpd-options

uncomment the line that reads #ms-dns 10.0.0.1 by removing the #

Replace the address with whatever DNS server you wish to use
Save and exit

Restart the pptp service with sudo /etc/init.d/pptpd restart


The cron runtime environment is different than the interactive environment which is also different from the at/batch environment.

Run this in each of your environments, then compare the files:

(echo "=== set ===";set;echo "===env ==="; env | sort;echo "=== alias ===";alias) >a_different_log

I did this, and got:

walt@bat:~(0)$ ll *.environment
-rw-rw-r-- 1 walt walt  10672 Oct 22 13:59 at.environment
-rw-rw-r-- 1 walt walt  10672 Oct 22 13:57 batch.environment
-rw-rw-r-- 1 walt walt   1031 Oct 22 14:00 cron.environment
-rw-rw-r-- 1 walt walt 126378 Oct 22 13:55 interactive.environment
walt@bat:~(0)$ wc -l *.environment
   238 at.environment
   238 batch.environment
    48 cron.environment
  3642 interactive.environment

Some setting in your environment, needed for PHP to work, is not set in the cron environment. You will have to set it manually, or wrap your command in a bash script that sets up the environment.


Boot extremely slow, Ubuntu 16.04 blocked

Cannot explain, after I rebooted, it recovered :/ And I could finish installing the GA for VirtualBox...
Just would be curious on recovery methods when Linux or Ubuntu desktop do not start properly.
Thanks for reading.

PS: If a moderator want s suppress this thread, please feel free...


If you don't plan to listen to podcasts on your computer, just download them straight to the smartphone with BeyondPod (installable free from Market). BeyondPod can import OPML files.


Have you installed the Restricted Extras ? If not, go here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats For tar.bz2, there may be many ways and different types of applications you can install not-compiled packages, but you can follow this:

1. Untar the package
2. tar xf <file>.tar
3. cd /<file>
4. ./configure


Looks like a bug/incompatibility between xdotool and some VNC implementations, especially tightvnc. See this ~3 years old open GitHub issue on xdotool.

In the thread the xdotool developer mentions a workaround, by building a specific older version of xdotool from source:

  As a workaround, y'all can use edbbb7a (from December 2013) as a git commit and is successful on tightvnc:

% git checkout edbbb7a8f664ceacbb2cffbe8ee4f5a26b5addc8
% make install
% DISPLAY=:1 xdotool getmouselocation
x:320 y:240 screen:0 window:37

Alternatively, you can try replacing tightvnc with e.g. tigervnc, which doesn't seem to have this issue.


Issue with Broadcom 4313 under Ubuntu 13.10

We'll I resolved this issue by applying the patch from broadcom, after that i rebuild the source using make command. after that I rebooted and it works pretty well.

They said that this issue is existing in broadcom drivers


How do I auto-hide the Ubuntu Dock using gsettings on Ubuntu 17.10 and later?

Open Terminal and run

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock dock-fixed false

Then run

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock autohide true

Also you can toggle "intellihide" (dock dodges windows) on/off by

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock intellihide true/false

and set the intellihide mode by

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock intellihide-mode 'OPTION'

To get the available intellihide-mode options run

gsettings range org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock intellihide-mode


PYGTK to PYGI: gtk.timeout_add equivalent

Just to make sure that the Gtk way is also present in an answer:

The equivalent of

gtk.timeout_add(PING_FREQUENCY * 1000, self.doWork)

in gobject introspection (PyGI) is:

from gi.repository import GLib
GLib.timeout_add(PING_FREQUENCY * 1000, self.doWork)

However, when checking something regularly every x seconds, you should use

GLib.timeout_add_seconds(PING_FREQUENCY, self.doWork)

This allows the Glib to group timers and therefore save power, which is important for mobile devices. From the documentation:

  The grouping of timers to fire at the same time results in a more
  power and CPU efficient behavior so if your timer is in multiples of
  seconds and you don't require the first timer exactly one second from
  now, the use of glib.timeout_add_seconds() is preferred over
  glib.timeout_add().


How to install large software on a different partition

First, take a look over here.

After you've done that you might want to have your partition always mounted. If you don't know how to do that, write a comment and I'll help you.


How can I run gsettings from a GNOME Shell Extension?

You likely will be helped by the Gnome Shell extension argos. It allows you to easily add a button with a dropdown menu to the panel to expose functionality, based on either a simple bash script, or any executable that writes to standard output.

Following simple script already will do the job.

#!/usr/bin/env bash
echo "Desktop Icons $current"
echo "---"
echo "Turn desktop icons ON | bash='gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true' terminal=false"
echo "Turn desktop icons OFF | bash='gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons false' terminal=false"

Install the extension and make sure it is turned on. Make the script executable, and drop it into the folder .config/argos in your Home folder. An item "Desktop Icons" will appear in your top bar. Clicking the button will gives you the options to turn the desktop icons on or off.


How do you copy something to the clipboard when running a script triggered by incron?

xclip is an application that needs environment variables such as $XAUTHORITY and $DISPLAY to talk to the X11-server. You can create a cronjob the looks as follows:

/bin/su your_username -c "export XAUTHORITY='/home/your_username/.Xauthority'; export DISPLAY='$(strings /proc/$(pgrep -n Xorg)/environ | awk -F== '$1 ~ "DISPLAY"{print $2}')'; echo -n "message" | xclip -selection clipboard"

Use your own username instead of your_username. It is a long line, but cron doesn't accept multiple lines as cronjob entries. However, here is what it does:

/bin/su your_username: it switches the user
-c "...": and runs the command in the quotes
export XAUTHORITY='...';: first we need the $XAUTHORITY variable
export DISPLAY='...': and the $DISPLAY variable, this is mostly :0, but if not, we can get the variable from the environment of the Xorg process
echo ... | xclip ...: finally run the desired command within that environment. No need to use absolute paths anymore because we have a minimal environment now.


Prevent sudo users switching to another user, without the target-users password?

To prevent switching users by sudo su -, you need to disable root's ability to su to any user. Edit /etc/pam.d/su and comment this line:

auth       sufficient pam_rootok.so

As the comment above this in /etc/pam.d/su says, this allows root to su without passwords.

Or you could restrict sudo usage to a limited set of commands which don't include su and force user-switching via sudo -i -u/sudo -s -u, and enable the targetpw option in sudoers.


Is there any problem with drivers when lshw shows serial and power as unclaimed?

I've same case:

    *-serial UNCLAIMED
         description: SMBus
         product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller
         vendor: Intel Corporation
         physical id: 1f.3
         bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3
         version: 05
         width: 64 bits
         clock: 33MHz
         configuration: latency=0
         resources: memory:e9630000-e96300ff ioport:8000(size=32)

  *-power UNCLAIMED
       description: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
       product: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
       vendor: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
       physical id: 2
       version: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
       serial: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
       capacity: 32768mWh

dmesg | grep -i conflict

[   19.286124] ACPI Warning: 0x0000000000008000-0x000000000000801f SystemIO conflicts with Region \_SB_.PCI0.SBUS.SMBI 1 (20131115/utaddress-251)

dmesg | grep ACPI

[   19.286124] ACPI Warning: 0x0000000000008000-0x000000000000801f SystemIO conflicts with Region \_SB_.PCI0.SBUS.SMBI 1 (20131115/utaddress-251)
[   19.286144] ACPI: If an ACPI driver is available for this device, you should use it instead of the native driver

It seems that ACPI is handling device instead of native driver. Just to confirm, I booted my machine with acpi=off, Native driver (i801_smbus) was used:

    *-serial
         description: SMBus
         product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller
         vendor: Intel Corporation
         physical id: 1f.3
         bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3
         version: 05
         width: 64 bits
         clock: 33MHz
         configuration: driver=i801_smbus latency=0
         resources: irq:18 memory:e9630000-e96300ff ioport:8000(size=32)

For that *-power device, I couldn't make any advance.

Related Links:

Debian Bug #602128: ACPI Conflict (Hardware in risk)
[lm-sensors] i2c-i801 module conflict with 3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller [8086:3b30]


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Stuck at OpenGL Version 3.0 - Help/Question

I have the same issue with a 5770. Unfortunately, according to this page, Evergreen OpenGL compliance should be at 4.1, but a footnote says: "OpenGL 4.1 is currently only supported on CYPRESS, CAYMAN and ARUBA. All other chips are currently limited to OpenGL 3.3," which excludes JUNIPER. So looks like we're out of luck.


Shared library not loading. Loading only under root

/etc/environment is interpreted during login. So the correct way to see the changes you made to /etc/environment is to logout and login again.

sudo works because it partially emulates login as root (sudo -i emulates the login even more accurately).

source /etc/environment won't work, because source is a shell command that tells the shell to interpret the given file as a shell script. The problem is: /etc/environment is not a shell script. It is a list of environment variable name-value pair in the format:

name="value"

That line, for a shell, is the definition of a global variable, which can be seen only by shell itself. Programs executed from the shell can't see it. The correct way to define an environment variable is using the export shell command:

export name="value"

So, if you really want to use your brand new LD_LIBRARY_PATH without logging out, you should execute the following command instead of source /etc/environment:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/opt/..."

UPDATE: LD_LIBRARY_PATH cannot be set into /etc/environment because of ssh-agent. For details see bug #47958 and the Ubuntu wiki page on environment variables. As specified in the wiki page, a workaround exists and consists in using /etc/ld.so.conf.d.

For example, you could create /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opt.conf with the following contents:

# Paths for my cool libraries
/opt/...

Although this is listed as a workaround, ld.so.conf.d is actually the most appropriate place for such settings.


How can I prevent Chromium from opening svg files?

Check if the lines below are presents on file:

  sudo nano /usr/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache

image/svg+xml=gimp.desktop;inkscape.desktop;eog.desktop;
image/svg+xml-compressed=inkscape.desktop;eog.desktop;


apt-get autoremove "Before uninstall, this module version was ACTIVE on this kernel"

It means that it's going to remove a package that contains a kernel module (or version of a kernel module) that's in use by the system. After removing it and rebooting, you won't be able to load that module.

Whether or not that's an issue for you really depends on the module and if you're replacing it with something else. I don't think there's a one-size-fits-all answer for this other than: read the message and work out if that's a problem. If it is, just reinstall that package and move on.


How do I transfer files and pictures from my galaxy s7 edge to ubuntu 18.04 lts?

Here are 2 relatively simple ways-

Use a USB cord. You should be able to set Nautilus to mount your phone's drives when you plug it in.  I'm on Lubuntu with PCManFM instead of Nautilus, so I can't give you the step-by-step - maybe somebody else can help with that.
Install Filezilla (an FTP client) on your computer from the repository (Menu > System Tools > Synaptic Package Manager). Then install an FTP server app on your phone- I use FTP Server Pro but there are many choices in Google Play store.
Start the FTP server on your phone, and note the phone's IP address and other details (port #, login, etc).
Start Filezilla on your computer, click File, Site Manager, and connect to your phone. A search on how to use Filezilla will bring up lots of resources.  It's not terribly complicated but I won't try to write it all out in detail, and you'll have some choices (port, authentication, etc) which you'll need to make consistent between the server on the phone and the Filezilla client on your computer.


How to use GTK/GNOME notifications services in Java?

Short Answer (TL;DR):
Use Java-Gnome bindings, it is a native library that enables Java applications to use GTK and GNOME APIs/Services.

Long Answer:
Java official slogan is "write once, run anywhere", where it states that Java programs can be run on various platforms (processors) and operating systems. To do that, the Java programming language provides a generic platform and operating system (a virtual machine) for
application development (API), instead of native (operating system) one.

Thus, to use a specific operating system API, one must do native calls. By doing that, Java cannot guarantee that your code is portable anymore.
Java-Gnome is a native library that exposes GTK and GNOME APIs to Java applications.

See an example in: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6030004/java-program-using-gnome-java-will-not-compile


Weird viewing in Citrix Receiver (ATI card)

I admin a Citrix farm at work, and I do connect via Citrix ICA back to work via my Linux box, however I have not seen the issue you are mentioning, but I am using an Nvidia card. Are you using the current version of the Citrix reciever (version 11)?

I did come across this page on the Citrix support site which has some troubleshooting steps for display issues using the Linux client, so perhaps it would be worth a read: http://support.citrix.com/proddocs/topic/receiver-linux-blackfoot/linux-troubleshooting-known-issues-display.html

Sorry I don't have a better answer for you, or an ATI powered machine handy to test with, but perhaps this will point you in the right direction.


As you probably know it's not possible to have an encrypted home folder without a password. The login password was used to encrypt the folder, if the computer doesn't know it, it can't decipher your home folder.

As this is the whole point of an encrypted folder, you just can't have both things at the same time (encrypted folder and automatic login).

You have a couple of workarounds:

Create a new user account for your friend. Get sure that it's home folder is not encrypted and set the computer to autolog to this account. You will need to add it to the superuser group to allow him to do administrative tasks.
You can also disable encryption in your home folder, Jonik answer to this question is quite straigh forward.

If you need to disable the autologin from the command line, check this enzotib answer. If you are not able to log to the GUI, you can usually access the command line pressing CTRL+ALT+F1.

If this doesn't work boot into recovery mode and follow the enzotib guide. You can usually select recovery mode on the grub screen, the first menu that appears when booting, where you can select the OS that will be loaded. If you don't see this screen try to press shift while booting.


How do I make k3b burn an audio CD with MP3 files?

apt-cache search --names-only k3b shows a codec package I don't have. I installed it via apt-get to solve:

sudo apt-get install libk3b6-extracodecs


How to install Google Earth or DraftSight for 64-bit OS?

open your terminal with CTRL+ALT+ T and then paste these lines one by one ,

wget http://dl.google.com/dl/earth/client/current/google-earth-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install lsb-core
sudo dpkg -i google-earth-stable_current_amd64.deb


How to access DSM quickly and securely from remote?

If you can ssh into your NAS, you can also use Nautilus to view the files. Go to sftp://username@yourserver.dyndns.com. You will be asked for the ssh password.

Your home router needs to redirect the ssh port (default 22) to the NAS.

Security-wise that is as good as your NAS can withstand attacks on its ssh server.


My ubuntu software centre catalog doesn't get updated

Does it help if you select Software Sources from the edit menu and make sure that the (universe) and the (multiverse) options are checked?

Once it is done make sure to run:

sudo apt-get update

Also in the software center technical items are usually hidden. You can display these hidden items by clicking the link in the lower left hand corner (after you have issued a search).


Ubuntu 14.04 running on VMware 11 : Touchpad scroll does not work

VMWare Workstation currently doesn't have native support for two finger scroll. You can switch to VirtualBox or install a third-party software on your host that emulates a scroll wheel.


To allow automatic sample format conversion, use the plug plugin:

pcm.!default {
    type plug
    slave.pcm {
        type asym
        playback.pcm "hw:0"
        capture.pcm  "hw:1"
    }
}


What to do if the CD I want to use cannot be run on ubuntu/linux

You can download the self-study MP3s from the official Cambridge site...

I see now: you mean the Digibook:  Please contact Cambridge and tell them what your problem is so they know that schools are also interested in Linux.

I the mean time, have your Computer Science teacher look into Wine which is a Windows Emulator running under Linux and Ubuntu.


Using the Read command to store multiple words in one variable

Normally read address should read the entire line of input into the variable.
The most probable cause of the different behavior in your case is that IFS has been changed from its default value.
If you change the line to this, it should work:

IFS= read -r address

And I suggest to review your entire script for places that alter IFS,
and if possible, avoid changing it.


This is a consequence of Bug 1910408 in Cubic.
To work around this,..

Edit PRETTY_NAME in the /etc/os-release file.
nano /etc/os-release

You can add double quotes (") around the value for PRETTY_NAME, or you can edit/trim the value to remove spaces.

Edit DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION in the /etc/lsb-release file.
nano /etc/lsb-release

You can add double quotes (") around the value for DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION, or you can edit/trim the value to remove spaces.


I would personally load up Ubuntu via a Live USB and use Boot Repair as mentioned. There's a good tutorial located here:

http://www.howtogeek.com/114884/how-to-repair-grub2-when-ubuntu-wont-boot/


The PDF format itself is freely usable and the relevant patents can be used freely (although they apparently remain under Adobe's control so this could potentially change, IANAL regarding patent law).

  Adobe Systems made the PDF specification available free of charge in
  1993, PDF remained a proprietary format, controlled by Adobe, until it
  was officially released as an open standard on July 1, 2008, and
  published by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO
  32000-1:2008.

  In 2008, Adobe published a Public Patent License to ISO 32000-1
  granting royalty-free rights for all patents owned by Adobe that are
  necessary to make, use, sell and distribute PDF compliant
  implementations.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Format

The ODT format is part of the OpenDocument specifications, which are also free to use, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument#Licensing.


How to append stderr to log_failure_msg in init.d script

If you check the specification of log_failure_msg, it says:

log_failure_msg message

    The log_failure_msg function shall cause the system to write a failure
    message to an unspecified log file. The format of the message is
    unspecified.The log_failure_msg function may also write a message to the
    standard output.

    Note: The message should be relatively short; no more than 60 characters
    is highly desirable.

So it looks like the function only writes to standard output not standard error. This is way a 2> somewhere will not work.

On the other hand, if you want a Python script to write to stderr, this post will tell you how. The log_failure_msg is only for Shell scripts and is typically sourced:

#!/bin/bash

source /lib/lsb/init-functions
log_failure_msg "some error"

Combining the Python and Shell error reporting doesn't seam like a good idea.


Why are Ubuntu upgrades so large (compared to Android)?

Android uses something called ARM as it component setup.   ARM uses much less hardware because of the smaller space.  Because of this Ubuntu on Android doesn't need to be as big.  Also most phone devices don't have more than 1 gb of storage space on a common level.  We are also talking about mobile data.   No one wants 2gb eaten on a single update.


Why doesn't my theme show up in LightDm Greeter?

The themes have to be complete gtk themes; not just windows or icon themes, nor metacity themes.

Look in /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf.d for a customization file. I usually takes precedence over /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf.


The driver is iwlwifi. Check modinfo:

filename:       /lib/modules/4.0.1-040001-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/iwlwifi/iwlwifi.ko
license:        GPL
author:         Copyright(c) 2003- 2014 Intel Corporation <ilw@linux.intel.com>
description:    Intel(R) Wireless WiFi driver for Linux
firmware:       iwlwifi-100-5.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-1000-5.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-135-6.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-105-6.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-2030-6.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-2000-6.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-5150-2.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-5000-5.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-6000g2b-6.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-6000g2a-5.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-6050-5.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-6000-4.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-7265D-10.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-7265-10.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-3165-10.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-3160-10.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-7260-10.ucode
firmware:       iwlwifi-8000-10.ucode
<snip>

Your results will vary if you are using a different kernel version.

You can determine the version being loaded, generally the latest, in your case -9, from dmesg:

dmesg | grep iwl

You will probably see something like:

loaded firmware version 25.228.9.0 op_mode iwlmvm

This corresponds to -9 firmware.

Please edit your question to add more details about your wireless beyond, "...just stopped working."

I suggest you update the driver to enable the use of the later firmware. Please download this file to your desktop: https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v4.0.1/backports-4.0.1-1.tar.xz  Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Now, in a terminal, and with a temporary internet connection, do:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
cd ~/Desktop/backports-4.0.1.1
make defconfig-iwlwifi
make
sudo make install

Now we need the latest firmware. Please download this to your desktop: http://www.linuxwireless.org/attachments/en/users/Drivers/iwlwifi/iwlwifi-7260-ucode-23.11.10.0.tgz Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Now, in a terminal, do:

cd ~/Desktop/iwlwifi-7260-ucode-23.11.10.0
sudo cp iwlwifi-7260-10.ucode  /lib/firmware

Next, in my experience, the driver iwlwifi is somewhat access point sensitive.  I have experimented and honed a few techniques.

First, check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.

Reboot and let us know the result.


Got a fix suggested by pinyinjoe .

The ibus-pinyin package is broken and should be replaced by the ibus-libpinyin package:

sudo apt-get remove ibus-pinyin
sudo apt-get install ibus-libpinyin


Mount rsnapshot directory via NFS for non-root access

Not entirely sure why but if you force it to NFS version 3 it should work:

mount -t nfs -o vers=3 localhost:/.private/.snapshots/   /.snapshots

The corresponding line for your fstab file would be

localhost:/.private/.snapshots  /.snapshots     nfs ro,vers=3,auto      0   0


You can either use vlc or smplayer which is in medibuntu for this.


When running zynaddsubfx I see Damage("/part0/"). What does this mean?

As strange as it sounds, the "Damage" log doesn't report an error. This is the function name to describe a user interface update, in the Zynaddsubfx project, which is expected when you load an instrument.

In fact, this message has been commented out in commit 229a, so it won't appear if you use a release more recent than May 20 2016.


How do I activate a conda environment in my .bashrc?

It looks like the accepted answers might be out of date. From the docs:

  If your shell is Bash or a Bourne variant, enable conda for the
  current user with

$ echo ". /home/<user>/miniconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" >> ~/.bashrc

  or, for all users, enable conda with

$ sudo ln -s /home/<user>/miniconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh /etc/profile.d/conda.sh

  The options above will permanently enable the 'conda' command, but
  they do NOT put conda's base (root) environment on PATH.  To do so,
  run

$ conda activate

  in your terminal, or to put the base environment on PATH permanently,
  run

$ echo "conda activate" >> ~/.bashrc

  Previous to conda 4.4, the recommended way to activate conda was to
  modify PATH in your ~/.bashrc file.  You should manually remove the
  line that looks like

export PATH="/home/<user>/miniconda3/bin:$PATH"

  ^^^ The above line should NO LONGER be in your ~/.bashrc file! ^^^


Looks like network-manager is managing your interfaces. You should probably uninstall it if you don't want that to happen: sudo apt-get remove network-manager. Or maybe disable it so that if something goes wrong you can reactivate it (you can see how to disable it on the link below, section "Disabling NetworkManager"). Or you could comment everything in /etc/network/interfaces and try to configure everything using NetworkManager (there's the nmcli cli tool).

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkManager


Need help with Two Ubuntu based system sharing in Samba

You could use SSH for file sharing like described here: https://askubuntu.com/a/34771/37157 It's a lot easier than Samba.


Laptop shuts down upon waking from suspend

For several people, this was an issue with NVIDIA drivers and was solved by installing the latest proprietary drivers. If you, like myself, have an NVIDIA Optimus graphics card, the hardware is unsupported for suspend operations. To update your drivers:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

I hope that this points you in the right direction!


How to know from ldd command which library is missing?

linux-gate.so.1 is a "a virtual DSO, a shared object exposed by the kernel at a fixed address in every process' memory"

Have a look at https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19981862/what-are-ld-linux-so-2-and-linux-gate-so-1

Missing libraries are more commonly reported as not found in ldd output if I remember correctly


I think you need anchors.fill: parent on the ListView as well.


Battery Not Detected - Acer Aspire Switch v11 SW5

You could try this, some people got helped by this.
Discharge the battery, turn of the computer, take out the battery, press and hold the power button for 20 seconds, wait 2-3 days, and then connect the battery again.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yEZcmVx84Ps
But some other guy says wait for 2-3 minutes..
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZBMp3Dqo0A

You could also try to update bios. I did that yesterday, and that solved my problem. (The problem I described in the post deleted by "karel, Seth". My problem was not exactly like your problem. I do not know if it possible to get the post back.)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oyy1uKIPB6s


Can I install Ubuntu alongside my windows 10 as a dual boot?

If it were me, I would use VirtualBox:  a completely free virtual machine manager produced by none other than Oracle Corporation -- yeah, "the big database people," one of the largest and richest software companies in the world.  It runs on everything and is very efficient.  You simply install and run Linux in a window on your existing Windows host, without changing anything.  (VirtualBox will manage the "hard drive" for Linux using ordinary Windows files.)  I do this all the time, and it works fabulously.  To me, "dual-boot is for the birds."


problem running tgif in ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS

I encountered this issue too. I apt-get install xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi x11-utils texlive-latex-base, reboot, then this issue was gone. Hope it helps in your case.


From the top-level folder:

sudo apt-get install libxcursor-dev
cd build
rm -rf *
cmake ..

In the end, run sudo make install


I use the Intuos Art with Ubuntu 14.04, and it doesn't work like I want. You can use it like a mouse, but you can't configure all of the buttons and the curve of Pressure rating.


The version of openmpi in the 14.04 repository is 1.6. The packages you probably need to install openmpi-bin openmpi-doc libopenmpi-dev.

Generally, it's not recommended to install a specific release-numbered version of packages: there should be a package that always depends on the current version for the release, i.e.

$ apt-cache depends libopenmpi-dev
libopenmpi-dev
  Depends: libc6
  Depends: libopenmpi1.6
  Depends: openmpi-common
  Depends: libibverbs-dev
  Depends: libhwloc-dev
  Conflicts: libopenmpi-dev
  Conflicts: libopenmpi-dev:i386
  Conflicts: openmpi-bin
  Conflicts: openmpi-bin:i386
  Conflicts:
  Conflicts:
  Conflicts: libopenmpi-dev:i386


Unable to boot Ubuntu Server after update/upgrade

Try deleting the lock file i.e

rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock

and then run

dpkg-reconfigure -a

(sudo shouldn't be necessary since you are logged in to single user mode)

If you can't run that, then it's a mount issue / your dive is likely mounted as read-only  try:

mount -o rw,remount /
dpkg-reconfigure -a

Use aptitude instead of apt-get updates (and for future installs) as it keeps a much better log of which packages were installed as dependencies, and will provide you with a lot more options if you run into packages that have problems.

aptitude update && aptitude upgrade


Ubuntu 14.04. 2 does not recognize my Wacom Intuos tablet draw (ctl-490b)

try to install this driver...

download from the link:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxwacom/files/xf86-input-wacom/input-wacom/input-wacom-0.30.0.tar.bz2

unzip the file

open the terminal and go to the directory

run:
4.1 - ./configure
4.2 - make
4.3 - sudo make install

plug the wacom tablet and be happy!

it worked for me!

PS: My OS is Ubuntu 14.04 LTS x64

[]


New instalation of LAMP on ubuntu 16.04 (Permission denied)

You need to learn about the UNIX permission system and how to use chmod.

As a quick fix you could try

sudo chmod -R +rw /var/www/

This will add read and write permissons for all users to all the files (Recursively) in the folder /var/www (which I assume is the place you want to put your PHP files), but be careful when you do this stuff, you can mess up your system!

Alternatively, you could copy the files as root:

sudo cp ~/Documents/somefile.php /var/www

or create a file as root:

sudo gedit /var/www/somefile.php

Make sure you understand how the permission system of Ubuntu works as soon as possible if you are doing this for work rather than just for fun.


The problem is that the character range [a-z] actually includes the upper case letters. This is explained in the bash manual:

  Within a bracket expression, a range expression consists of two characters separated by a hyphen. It matches any single character that sorts between the two characters, inclusive. In the default C locale, the sorting sequence is the native character order; for example, ‘[a-d]’ is equivalent to ‘[abcd]’. In other locales, the sorting sequence is not specified, and ‘[a-d]’ might be equivalent to ‘[abcd]’ or to ‘[aBbCcDd]’, or it might fail to match any character, or the set of characters that it matches might even be erratic. To obtain the traditional interpretation of bracket expressions, you can use the ‘C’ locale by setting the LC_ALL environment variable to the value ‘C’.

To illustrate:

$ case B in [a-c]) echo YES;;  *) echo NO;; esac
YES
$ LC_ALL=C; case B in [a-c]) echo YES;; *) echo NO;; esac
NO

So, what happens is that in your locale (which is not C), [a-c] is actually [aAbBcC]. That's why you should use the POSIX character classes as suggested by @karel instead.


Any way to view current Song and media controls in XFCE?

Xubuntu 18.04

In Xubuntu 18.04, this functionality is provided by the PulseAudio Plugin. If you've upgraded from an earlier version, it may not be in your panel. To add it:

Make sure the old sound indicator package is removed

sudo apt remove indicator-sound

Make sure the PulseAudio Plugin is installed

sudo apt install xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin

Make sure the PulseAudio Plugin is in your panel

Right-click the panel > Panel > Panel Preferences > Items
Make sure PulseAudio Plugin is in the list. Add it if not.

It should look something like this when you're done:

Xubuntu 17.10 and below

Install the indicator-sound package

sudo apt install indicator-sound

Make sure the sound indicator is set to visible

gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.sound visible true

Log out and log back in
If you still don't see the sound indicator, right-click the panel > Panel > Panel Preferences > Items
Make sure Indicator Plugin is in the list. Add it if not.
Select Indicator Plugin > Edit (the gear icon)
Make sure Sound Menu is in the list
If Sound Menu still isn't in the list, click Clear known indicators
If the indicator still doesn't show up, try restarting the panel

xfce4-panel -r

It should look something like this when you're done:


How do I access the startup processes if there is no Cinnamon desktop shown?

Access the settings and startup processes for Cinnamon via Unity, and, after quickly removing aforementioned processes.

  It seems although it didn't allow me to do it before, I was now allowed to access the settings and startup processes for Cinnamon via Unity, and, after quickly removing aforementioned processes- I'm up and running again.

Source: an edit to the author's question.


Grub-customizer does not change the appearence of grub

To add a custom background image:

Save your background image to your Pictures directory as .png
Open terminal and paste sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme
Paste the line GRUB_BACKGROUND="/home/YOURUSERNAME/Pictures/NAME-OF-BACKGROUND.png" on its own line in the file.
In terminal run sudo update-grub
Terminal should say background image found.
Reboot.

If this does not work, then I am not sure. The link I posted also has instructions on changing the text color and text background. If this works for you, please be sure to up vote it and mark as the correct answer. Thank you.


How to extract only pictures from html directories

When you save a complete webpage in your browser, you will have the html file, for example, Mik.html and its accompanying objects (js and pictures etc) in a file called, for example, Mik_files. Obviously, what you want is in those associated folders and not actually within the html file.

What I do is use the following script, which, in this case, finds all the .png images in the accompanying _files folders saved with the html pages. The images are moved to the directory you choose, although it must exist. The script can be modified as you wish-I have used two positional parameters $1 and $2 so you can choose which directory to target ($1) and where to copy the files that are found ($2). Run chmod u+x it to make it executable. You could add another positional parameter if you don't want it to just find .png files each time.

As an example, if it is not in your ~/bin, you could call it with:

./scriptname.sh $HOME/Downloads $HOME/Documents

The contents of the script:

#!/bin/bash

find "$1" -type f -iname '*.png' -print0 | \
while IFS= read -r -d '' f
do
    mv -- "$f" "$2"
done

exit 0


Short answer
Obviously, those commands run an event loop, and do what they should do until you terminate the command (or close the terminal):
xdotool behave_screen_edge bottom click 1

clicks the left button if you hit the bottom of your screen, and
xdotool behave_screen_edge bottom-left search --class google-chrome windowactivate

activates Chrome windows when you move the mouse to bottom-left. Both commands do that on every occasion, until you kill the process:

How to run it on startup
From a comment, I understand you want to run commands like this on startup. To add it to Startup Applications:

on XFCE (Xubuntu):
Settings > Session and Startup > Application Autostart > Add. Add the command:
  /bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && xdotool behave_screen_edge bottom-left search --class google-chrome windowactivate"

On Unity:
Dash > Startup Applications > Add. Add the (same) command:
  /bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && xdotool behave_screen_edge bottom-left search --class google-chrome windowactivate"


Formatting Pen Drive causes 'Daemon Is Inhibited' Error

First, per my comment make sure that the drive isn't mounted (in case it was automounted on plugin).

Ubuntu typically automounts in /media so you can check if anything is mounted in that directory either through nautilus (or any other FS browser) or with ls /media. unmount by running the command sudo umount /media/mount-point-name. You can also check to see if the drive is mounted by opening nautilus and looking at the panel to the left.

As you can see the drive "Recovery" is currently mounted, clicking on the eject symbol would unmount the drive. A third way to check would be to run the command df -h which lists mounted filesystems (the -h just displays the drive size in human readable form), if the drive is mounted somewhere other than /media or nautilus refuses to unmount you can use the information there to find where it is mounted. As shown in this screen shot, df tells me that the drive /dev/sda7 which is a 4.6GB filesystem is mounted at /media/Recovery

Ok, Now moving on. The "standard" filesystem for linux/unix (excluding OSX) is ext2. However, reading it on other platforms is a little problematic (requires extra drivers for OSX and windows). Ext3 and Ext4 support is even worse. Typically, drives that are required to be shared between different systems are formated in FAT32, the "defacto" universal filesystem. Disk Utility should be able to format Fat32 (make sure that is the filesystem you pick when prompted), but if the above steps fail to fix Disk Utility there are plenty of ways around it.

Personally I prefer to use gparted which is a fairly powerful partitioning utility (actually a GUI wrapper around parted). Install gparted by running sudo apt-get install gparted or by using ubuntu software center. Run gparted either through the terminal (sudo gparted - sudo because we need root privileges to modify filesystems) or a shortcut is typically under System->Administration->Gparted in the Ubuntu (non-unity) task bar.

With Gparted open, in the top right select the drive that corresponds to your USB drive.  If there are any filesystems on the drive (for me /dev/sda is the only drive and it has 5 partitions they will be listed in the area below. Delete all the partitions on the USB drive (right click on each one and select delete). What will be remaining is a "unallocated" partition the size of your drive, right click on it and select new.

In the popup box make the partition the full size of the drive and make sure to select FAT32 under filesystem. After closing the dialog, click the checkmark in the top right to write the changes to disk (NOTE: MAKE SURE YOU ARE MODIFYING THE RIGHT DRIVE, CHANGING THE PARTITION TABLE AND FORMATING OF YOUR MAIN DRIVE BY ACCIDENT COULD BE DISASTROUS)

EDIT: If fat32 is not an available option for gparted/DiskUtility make sure that that the package dosfstools is installed.


Fresh install of Ubuntu 15.04 - Won't connect to wireless

Run in terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi-opt.conf <<< "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1"

and reboot.


See the manual for init on Unix systems.
This is a post from the Wikipedia entry on init:

In Unix-based computer operating systems, init (short for initialization) is the first process started during booting of the computer system. Init is a daemon process that continues running until the system is shut down. It is the direct or indirect ancestor of all other processes and automatically adopts all orphaned processes. Init is started by the kernel using a hard-coded filename, and if the kernel is unable to start it, a kernel panic will result. Init is typically assigned process identifier 1.
The design of init has diverged in Unix systems such as System III and System V, from the functionality provided by the init in Research Unix and its BSD derivatives. The usage on most Linux distributions is somewhat compatible with System V, but some distributions, such as Slackware, use a BSD-style and others, such as Gentoo, have their own customized version.
Several replacement init implementations have been written with attempt to address design limitations in the standard versions. These include launchd, the Service Management Facility, systemd and Upstart, the latter being used by Ubuntu and some other Linux distributions.

Hope this helps to explain it to you; it’s a lot of reading.


Epson's website has a link to another Epson website containing DEBs of all the drivers needed. Just look up the printer and install the driver, and then add the printer in Printer settings. For any questions on installing the DEBs post in comments.

Here is the link to the drivers. You may still need to look up the term: SX445W to find them.

Specific DEB links:

Print Driver:  http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/du/02/DriverDownloadInfo.do?LG2=EN&CN2=&DSCMI=45429&DSCCHK=eaf97ae6689ee7a594faa68cb24949fb6569b055

Print Driver:  http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/du/02/DriverDownloadInfo.do?LG2=EN&CN2=&DSCMI=16876&DSCCHK=b32e8a0bd44cc61369c3fa75fbab6b877ce71d25

Print Driver:  http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/du/02/DriverDownloadInfo.do?LG2=EN&CN2=&DSCMI=45427&DSCCHK=dbd222ef019e11433beed9d553bd567029c06dd8

Scanner Driver:  http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/du/02/DriverDownloadInfo.do?LG2=EN&CN2=&DSCMI=44399&DSCCHK=92728c39b03068c053bae544323f8b97929fbfce

Those are just the pages, scroll to the bottom of the page for instructions and downloads.


Problem installing build-essential on 14.04.1 LTS

build-essential is available on Main repository for 14.04. So first enable repository.

  The main component contains applications that are free software, can be freely redistributed and are fully supported by the Ubuntu team. & The universe component is a snapshot of the free, open-source, and Linux world.

You can enable Main & Universe repository by following command:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main universe"

Then install package by following command in terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential.


audio drivers are incorrect would like to restore to 'factory' settings

The answer to this post solved my questions... blacklisting the drivers, and setting the default restored my audio.

Ubuntu 18.04 - Lenovo Thinkpad Carbon sound card not recognized since firmware update


Where's the best place to begin to master Ubuntu

Not to be a robot about it, but you could try the documentation.

Sure, it's a lot, but you want to learn everything. ALL the commands, even the protocols.

I'd say you might just want to boot it and start using it, and if you come across something you don't understand, ask it here. And yes, if you don't understand a command, like for instance ls, the MAN page is still the page to check.


Bluetooth not working in Ubuntu 16.04 with [0cf3:3004] Atheros adapter

This problem exists because Atheros re-used the chip VID and PID.

See this bug report

As a workaround you can patch the btusb.c module and change it from ath3k to Rome.

I've built a DKMS package to fix this issue and uploaded it to my PPA.

https://launchpad.net/~hanipouspilot/+archive/ubuntu/bluetooth/+files/btusb-lp1542743-dkms_0.1_all.deb

Install this deb and reboot. This should fix the issue.


Install gnome-panel using command,

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends gnome-panel
Create new gnome-desktop-item,

sudo gnome-desktop-item-edit /usr/share/applications/ --create-new
Select type as location,

Set name and copy & paste the folder location

Select Icon Image(64x64-recommented)

Enter comment click ok

Now you can search and drag it into launchbar.


Where could I found a simple view of Ubuntu's architecture?

Here's an overview of the Ubuntu architecture.

Beyond that just looking them up on Wikipedia or Google would be a good way to understand more and to see which ones relate.


Mp3s synced on Ubuntu One not showing up under artist or album

I was describing a similar situation here, but while I was writing, all uploaded music of mine got categorized, so I assume the whole process can take good 24 hours from the moment one have uploaded music to the cloud =). Hope this information will be helpful.

This question is also relevant.


Is it possible to shrink a partition without free space left?

Because you chose to install Ubuntu using the LVM disk structure method, you can't use gparted to make modifications to your disk. Install system-config-lvm and use this GUI tool to review/change your disk volumes.
Always backup your data first!
In terminal...
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install system-config-lvm

Start it from the Unity dash by typing lvm into the search box.
See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Lvm for basic help. You can also search https://help.ubuntu.com for "system-config-lvm" and find a lot more detailed help.


How can I (de)activate a PPA from the command-line with a single command?

ppa info is actually saved in separate files in /etc/apt/sources.list. Here is the code which will do the desired action to de-activate or activate desired repo. Save the code given below in a file, say mod-ppa

#!/bin/bash
mydir=/etc/apt/sources.list.d
function getlist(){
    echo -e "\n\tchose one of the following lists"
    echo -e "\t================================"
    for itm in `seq 1 $1`
    do
        echo -e "\t`echo $2 | awk -v x=$itm '{print $x}' | awk -F/ '{print $NF}'`"
    done
}

if [ $# -lt 1 ]
then
    echo "E: mod_ppa: missing operand"
    echo "Try 'mod_ppa --help' for more information."
    exit 0
elif [ $# -lt 2 ]
then
    echo -e "E: syntax error,\nTry 'mod_ppa --help' for more information."
    exit 0
fi

case "$1" in
    -d )
        ppa=`ls $mydir/$2*.list`
        num=`echo $ppa | wc -w`
        if [ `echo $num` -gt 1 ]
        then
            getlist "$num" "$ppa"
        else
            if [ -e $mydir/$2*.list ]
            then
                sed -i "s/^deb\-src/\#deb\-src/" $ppa
                sed -i "s/^deb\ http/\#deb\ http/" $ppa
            else
                echo "E: ppa does not exist/check ppa name"
            fi
        fi
        ;;
    -a )
        ppa=`ls $mydir/$2*.list`
        num=`echo $ppa | wc -w`
        if [ `echo $num` -gt 1 ]
        then
            getlist "$num" "$ppa"
        else
            if [ -e $mydir/$2*.list ]
            then
                sed -i "s/^\#deb\-src/deb\-src/" $ppa
                sed -i "s/^\#deb\ http/deb\ http/" $ppa
            else
                echo "E: ppa does not exist/check ppa name"
            fi
        fi
        ;;
    --help)
        echo "Usage: mod_ppa [OPTION] [PPA NAME'S INITIAL PART]"
        echo "Mandatory argument options."
        echo "-a       Activate certain ppa"
        echo "-d       Deactivate certain ppa"
        ;;
    * )
        echo "mod_ppa: invalid option '$1'"
        echo "Try 'mod_ppa --help' for more information."
        ;;
esac

save the script in /home/<username>/bin/, which is in PATH usually. To check write in terminal

echo $PATH

If not, add /home/<username>/bin/ to PATH by adding the following line to .bash_profile or .bashrc whichever is convenient,

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

Then source the file, write in terminal

source .bash_profile [or source .bashrc]

Give mod_ppa execution permission, write in terminal

chmod +x mod_ppa

Usage

To de-activate a ppa use

sudo mod_ppa -d <ppa_name's_initial_part>

For example, to deactivate ppa:webupd8team/java use

sudo mod_ppa -d webupd8team

To activate a ppa use

sudo mod_ppa -a <ppa_name's_initial_part>

For example, to activate ppa:synapse-core use

sudo mod_ppa -a synapse-core

help

mod_ppa --help

I have assumed you will not be interested in deactivating the basic and default ppa(s) listed in /etc/apt/sources.list. Anyway there is only few, you can deactivate them by hand if you wish to. Sushantp606's answer was quite helpful.

How it works

When any ppa repo is deactivated using Software center (GUI), it actually puts a # in front of all the lines inside corresponding ppa .list file at /etc/apt/sources.list.d/. Usually most of the .list files contain two lines that begins with deb http and deb-src, a few have only one. The above script is doing the same thing using sed. First it checks the ppa .list (input by user) is present or not. Then put or remove a # in front the lines accordingly.

As the script is supposed to deal with some sensitive part of OS, I tried to code it defensively. Kept checks for what arguments are being passed to the script and set some error messages accordingly. Also a small help is added. These part increases the length of code.


I had the same problem and I found the solution on web.

It is due to the installed PPA:

https://launchpad.net/~jon-severinsson/+archive/ffmpeg

Try to run the following:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jon-severinsson/ffmpeg
sudo ppa-purge ppa:jon-severinsson/ffmpeg

Then run totem and install the missing plugin

Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?


I would add also the full path to the script file scrape.py even if it is located into the same directory as your python executable.

Also, I would happen redirection to the command line to get possible error and output into a file, at least for debugging purpose :

*/2 * * * *   /git/project/tags/python /full/path/to/scrape.py >>/tmp/scrape.out 2>>&1

This way, the standard output and error output will be appended to the same file.

Also note that the output of any cron activity will be sent by mail to the user owning the crontab in question.


Where does Ubuntu Gnome store the keyboard shortcuts configuration file?

GNOME stores its settings in the dconf binary database which can also be viewed or changed with the gsettings command line tool or the dconf-editor app.

The database is stored in ~/.config/dconf/user . You can copy that file to another computer to copy all of your GNOME settings including your keyboard shortcuts. That folder is hidden by default. Use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+H to view hidden folders.

Other apps store their settings in other parts of the ~/.config folder or directory.


I only have limited experience with Visual Studio, but when working on Linux I've always used the IDE, Eclipse.

The IDE is highly modular, you can find all sorts of plugins that will help make development for different platforms easier.

The IDE with "C++ plugin" can be found hare - Simplest to download directly and unzip.


Restart Only GUI Session Or Restart Only Operating System?

Yes. There a couple of options.

1) You can enable CTRL+SHIFT+BACKSPACE. This three keys will work like CTRL+ALT+SUPR, but they will only restart the GUI.

2) From the command line (press CTRL+ALT+F1 to get to a console) you can restart the Ubuntu display manager (which lets a user login to her preferred GUI) by entering:

sudo service lightdm restart

3) Finally you can restart just unity. It will reset your GUI (all the windows and the bars), but it will not kill any program. After the restart you can continue working where you left it. Enter:

unity --replace

or if you are restarting from the console (after pressing CTRL+ALT+F1), enter:

DISPLAY=:0 unity --replace


Removing .openoffice.org* directories in your home directory may solve this problem.

open a terminal and try this command:

rm -rf ~/.openoffice.org*


I have two installs of Firefox after trying to update

It seems you have installed two versions of Firefox - one via apt-get install and the other from a snap package. You can verify that by running

snap list

The output should contain Firefox (snap version). You can launch it by

snap run firefox

Also

apt-cache policy firefox | grep Installed

should list the usual apt-version.

It's completely fine to have both them in your system, they will coexist without interacting with each other. autoremove will almost certainly won't remove any of them (except possibly for some other unrelated reason).

If you wish you can remove the snap version by running

snap remove firefox


How to change sort order for  mail in thunderbird

Open Thunderbird and just click on the Date column to reverse the sorting. A screenshot is given below:

Hope this will answer your query.


You're doing var assignment in wrong way.

var=$passvar|md5sum

You're supposed to send "$passvar" to md5sum. It won't go through pipe | by itself, so you either need to use echo, or printf. That will output things to stdout stream. You can capture that into variable with command substitution $(...). In other words, you should be doing:

var=$( echo "$passvar" | md5sum )

Also, please remember to quote the variables to preserve the integrity of data stored in them and prevent word splitting.

Other issues:

$ read -sp 'Your password:' passvar
Your password:$ var=$( echo "$passvar" | md5sum )
$ echo "$var"
2b00042f7481c7b056c4b410d28f33cf  -

Notice two things here: there's no newline after "Your password", so you might want to add echo after that command. Second, notice that md5sum outputs filename after the calculated md5 checksum, which in this case is - or stdin stream. You might want to consider getting rid of that part via any text processing utility that will let you cut away words, like awk:

var=$( echo "$passvar" | md5sum | awk '{print $1}')

Alternatively, you can just make use of bash's read and here-string <<< (see this for more info on that operator) :

$ read var trash <<< $( echo "$passvar" | md5sum )
$ echo "$var"
2b00042f7481c7b056c4b410d28f33cf

Last but not least, your #! line is missing / before bin - it should be #!/bin/bash.

The complete script should be as so:

#!/bin/bash
read -p 'Your login: ' uservar
read -sp 'Your password: ' passvar
printf "\n"
read var trash <<< "$(printf "%s" "$passvar" | md5sum)"
printf "%s:%s" "$uservar" "$var" #> ~/results.txt

Note that I commented out redirection to file, just to see the output on the terminal for testing purpose. Here's how it works:

$ ./testing.sh
Your login: johndoe
Your password:
johndoe:912ec803b2ce49e4a541068d495ab570$

For future reference, you can add set -x after #!/bin/bash (given that you've properly defined the #! line, of course) to troubleshot the script and see what commands actually run and were errors might arise. Or just use shellcheck online tool.


The start script <install-path>/android-studio/bin/studio.sh does consult the files as follows to read configurations.

For 64bit systems:

<install-path>/android-studio/bin/studio64.vmoptions
${HOME}/.AndroidStudio<version>/config/studio64.vmoptions
<install-path>/android-studio.vmoptions

For 32bit systems:

<install-path>/android-studio/bin/studio.vmoptions
${HOME}/.AndroidStudio<version>/config/studio.vmoptions
<install-path>/android-studio.vmoptions

Depending on your architecture 32bit vs 64bit and how you did change the heap size setting, you can look through the files mentioned above and alter the Xmx with a text editor of your choice.


I found that if I opened up the

Applications > Sound and Video > PulseAudio Volume Control

and under 'Configuration' changed my computer from 'Analog Stereo Output' to 'Analog Stereo Duplex', the mic was recognized and now works. This also resulted in the

System > Preferences > Sound

settings box showing the mic, whereas it did not show up before.


Error when trying to install python2 packages

Python 3.8.1 was installed under the name python so what I did was run sudo dpkg -r python and that solved it.


Trying to install Dual Boot Win 10/Ubuntu 16.04 but fails

I had similar issue but this is how i navigated my way through.

I remove my pendrive, i boot into the windows and Use PowerISO to create a bootable media. I recreated the whole Ubuntu 16 on the New bootable  media. in some instances try changing the pendrive.

Then opened disk management on the windows, right click on the partition on which you want to install ubuntu and delete and it would appear unallocated.
Time to Reboot with your pendrive. The point when you would choose partitions, just look through the options and use the Use Continuous Free Space option. Make Sure to install the Grub to the Main Hardrive, Ubuntu would scan your drive and prompt you to install the Grub bootloader to the main drive at the end of the installation. ##please check your system, Uefi or efi


Why does removable USB storage not show up in Launcher or Files as a regulat USB stick?

Some background information may help. On GPT disks, the "flags" in libparted based tools, including both GParted and parted, are a mixture of two things: GPT attributes, any number of which can be applied simultaneously to any partition; and GPT type codes (which are 16-byte GUID values internally), of which every partition has precisely one. This can create a lot of confusion, since a partition can have multiple flags, but sometimes applying one flag automatically removes another, since those two flags are actually type codes. What's more, libparted doesn't explicitly display some type codes; those are just considered implicit for the filesystem type. (This is true of the Linux Filesystem type code, for instance.) Also, the type code to identify the EFI System Partition (ESP) has two flags associated with it in recent versions of libparted: boot and esp. It used to be just boot, but that had an entirely different meaning on MBR disks. (I suspect the intent is to deprecate the boot flag on GPT disks to minimize confusion on this point in the long term, but I'm not positive of that.)

Thus, some of what you're seeing is related to the type codes. There are three of them that seem to be relevant to your question:

Linux Filesystem -- This type code (0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4) identifies Linux filesystems (ext2/3/4fs, Btrfs, etc.). It is not explicitly flagged in libparted, but in gdisk it has a type code of 8300.
Microsoft Basic Data -- This type code (EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7) identifies FAT, exFAT, or NTFS data partitions, including Windows boot partitions. In the past, Linux "piggybacked" on this type code, which created problems. It's identified in libparted by the "msftdata" flag, or in gdisk by a type code of 0700.
EFI System Partition (ESP) -- This type code (C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B) identifies a partition that's used by EFI-based computers to boot. It should hold a FAT32 filesystem. As noted above, it's identified in libparted by the "boot" and (in newer versions) "esp" flags, and in gdisk by the EF00 type code.

Note that libparted-based tools are terrible if you really need to know what a partition's type code is, since only a handful of type codes are reported. If you want to know the type code, use gdisk instead. Even its summary display is a bit limited; if it doesn't recognize a GUID type code, it displays it as FFFF. You can find the complete GUID value by using the i option on the main menu, which displays full partition information. (gdisk uses a shorthand 2-byte type code rather than the full 16-byte GUID in its user interface for simplicity. Most gdisk type codes correspond to their MBR equivalents, but multiplied by 0x100. For instance, on MBR, Linux filesystem partitions are 0x83, hence 8300 in gdisk.)

I've just done some experiments, and for me, the Unity Files program handles Linux Filesystem and Microsoft Basic Data partitions identically -- at least, as far as I tested. In both cases, inserting a disk results in it appearing in the menu, being automounted, and being ejectable. ESPs, though, did not appear in the Files menu and were not automounted. This is at least somewhat sensible, since some environments might create empty (and largely pointless) ESPs on hard disks and removable media. (OS X's Disk Utility creates an ESP whenever you create a GPT, for instance.)

Note that most EFIs will boot from any FAT partition, even if it's not marked as an ESP. This isn't guaranteed behavior, though; it's conceivable that some ESPs are more fussy about that. In fact, I'm pretty sure this was true of the old Gigabyte Hybrid EFI, which was horrible in many ways. (I've long since rid myself of the one example of this firmware that I had, so I can't double-check this detail.)

Tools like Rufus, which are designed to create a bootable disk, may do so by creating an ESP -- but I haven't checked to see what Rufus actually does, so I don't know if Rufus does so, or if it might do different things depending on the program's settings.

The Wikipedia article on GPT can expand on this.  The sections involving the GUIDs are at

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table#Partition_entries
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table#Partition_type_GUIDs


How to use global proxy settings for Direct Connection

My proxy server Internet port is 8080 and the browser uses port 80

So I redirected port 80 request to port 8080

My eth1 port in local lan card and eth0 is the internet lan card

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE


I had a similar problem. Thunderbird refused to remember the passwords (it did ask for the passwords everytime though, so maybe my solution doesn't work for you. But it can't hurt to check the following:

Go to your installed add-ons and check if the KDE-Wallet add-on is installed. If so, disable this add-on and restart firefox.

I also disabled KDE-Wallet on my system since I have no use for it.

This solved it in my case.


How can I update pulseaudio to latest 9.0 version?

The easiest method is to download the .deb file and install.

As you can see here, version +9.0 is available from official repositories (main) for both Ubuntu 16.10 and 17.04. Let's say you want to use the latest stable, for 17.04:

Download the package from here, from the "Builds" subsection, according to your architecture. For this answer, I will assume you are using x86_64. The file is this one.
In a terminal, run the following:

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/pulseaudio_9.0-5ubuntu3_amd64.deb

Now, to fix dependencies problems, run:

sudo apt-get -f install

That's it.

Another, more complex method, is through Apt-Pinning. Check this or this. I can add a guide to the answer if you want, but the above method should be enough.


How to rename network interface in 15.10?

My solution to this was to create a file /etc/udev/rules.d/10-rename-network.rules with the content:

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff", NAME="eth0"


Grub Doesn't Display after installing Xubuntu 12.04

This error could be occurring because of the GRUB resolution exceeding your monitor's resolution.

Try to change the resolution of GRUB (Do this by un-commenting line 25 of the following file):

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

After editing, close the file and type:

sudo update-grub

If it still does not show up try pressing the Shift when your GRUB is loaded.


I had the same question and I have finally found a working solution.

The following worked for me. Some steps can certainly be optimized.

get the source for a mainline build, check the SOURCES file and get everything:

git clone git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel-test/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/mainline-crack
cd mainline-crack/
git checkout -b v4.7.10 b3afc4525a507f21e98cc7571ea8c3f28484241c
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.10/0001-base-packaging.patch
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.10/0002-UBUNTU-SAUCE-add-vmlinux.strip-to-BOOT_TARGETS1-on-p.patch
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.10/0003-UBUNTU-SAUCE-tools-hv-lsvmbus-add-manual-page.patch
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.10/0004-UBUNTU-SAUCE-no-up-disable-pie-when-gcc-has-it-enabl.patch
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.10/0005-debian-changelog.patch
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.10/0006-configs-based-on-Ubuntu-4.7.0-0.2.patch

apply the patches:

git am 000*
build files in debian:

debian/rules clean
build the source debs (without signature):

dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -S
adjust the Changed-By: in the .changes file to your ppa uploader account
sign the package

deb-sign linux_4.7.10-040710.201610220847_source.changes
upload

dput ppa linux_4.7.10-040710.201610220847_source.changes


One potential solution is to replace /usr/share/pixmaps/openshot.svg with something different, maybe a png file. But that's more of a workaround.


Is there any website to use ubuntu operating system online?

If you're just looking to run a unix terminal from windows and not a full fledged OS, you can try something like MobaXterm, which lets you run an Xterm on Windows, giving you the same commands as you'd get from bash/cygwin.

In terms of booting ubuntu from a USB, that should work fine, provided your USB is big enough. Ubuntu itself is a pretty light OS, so it should be fine to run on any PC that can also run Windows. If booting from an Ubuntu flash drive, you may have to open up the boot menu when starting to select the flash drive as the source for the OS.

What virtual machine software did you try? I find VMWare Player can be run with fairly low system requirements to load and run an ubuntu OS image.

What are you system requirements and objectives?

If performance and system requirements are really an issue, you can take a look at lubuntu which is a lightweight version of ubuntu. You can even try that with a dual boot, usb boot, or VMWare Player image.

Thanks.


Change ubuntu on ubuntu base distro without loose any config

Yes and no. No, because in general switching the base distribution can influence many things -- for example, the distributions might have different versions of certain packages, and consequently use different, incompatible configuration files for certain services. There is hardly a way of doing it automatically.

Yes, because you can always find out what exactly it is that you have to configure each time and try to deal with it in a semi-manual way. For example, I'm not sure what you mean by "ssh keys for remote servers" -- I keep them in ~/.ssh/, so why should that change when the server is reinstalled?

For several files, you can create a stable directory on, say, your home partition, where you will keep the config files (like hosts or whatever), and link them to your /etc directory or another appropriate place.

There are also specialized systems to deal with propagating configuration settings -- see for example puppet.


How can i increase sdd4 size with unallocated size?

Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or lose data.
Keep these things in mind:

always start the entire procedure with issuing a swapoff on any mounted swap partitions, and end the entire procedure with issuing a swapon on that same swap partition

a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor

a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor

if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)

you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower pane of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...
Note: if the procedure doesn't work exactly as I outline, STOP immediately and DO NOT continue.

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB, in “Try Ubuntu” mode
start gparted
move /dev/sdd4 partition all the way left
resize the right side of /dev/sdd4 all the way right
click the Apply icon


As far as I understand it, the packages pandoc-citeproc and pandoc provide the same piece of software (conceptually) but they're packaged and distributed by unrelated people so they don't know about each other. That's why they have conflicting content but lack the Conflicts or Replaces flags that they should normally have in such a case.

To resolve the issue you need to remove the pandoc-citeproc package before you install the pandoc package.


Lower casing and truncating a variable in a shell script

This worked for me.

for f in *.shp; do a=${f,,}; echo ${a%.*}; done


Netflix not working; video loads indefinitely

Hey so I finally figured out how to fix this. I just cleared my chrome settings with

sudo rm -r ~/.config/google-chrome

this resets all chrome settings and configurations as if it were a fresh install


Changing the screen resolution to the true resolution option not available

Are you sure you have the right and the latest drivers for your graphic cards?

Check if you can update the driver.


Strange sysctl behavior on Ubuntu Server 18.04

I made a realy bad hack to solve this Problem on bionic. It is a timing problem, as steeldriver mentiond.

cp -a /lib/systemd/system/systemd-sysctl.service /etc/systemd/system/

In the new File I add Requires=network.target

create a file etc/sysctl.d/50-ipv6.conf with content net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1 If you use NetworkManager on your server don't forget to set method=ignore

[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy
dns-search=
ip6-privacy=0
method=ignore

in your network connection.

I hope I wrote understandable.


https on multiple virtual hosts using apache2 on Ubuntu 14.04

Thanks to @fkraiem for the comment, I was able to solve my issue. I just had to get a look at my default-ssl.conf file and make a similar file pointing to my second domain.


I can say for sure that the Gigabyte GA-H61 will work out of the box. No problems there. For the CPU and RAM they will work correctly, specially if you are using 13.04 since it is the latest (They would have worked with older version of Ubuntu up to 12.04 if I am not mistaken).

So yeah, you will have full compatibility with all of that.

For reference here are other questions:

Which hardware manufacturers are more friendly to Ubuntu, besides Intel?

Does 32-bit PAE with more than 4GB RAM improve speed?

Hardware compatibility on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

What's the difference between Wubi and a regular "alongside Windows" installation?


What is the current status of Mir / XMir?

You can learn and follow MIR development through the official websites:

1 - http://unity.ubuntu.com/mir/

Submit to the developers mailing list to receive constant updates:

2 - https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/mir-devel

Finally see the status of MIR here:

3 - https://code.launchpad.net/~mir-team


The problem I believe is because wubi is designed to be run from Windows, where as, LiveCD should be loaded and run from CD at boot.

You can download and burn Ubuntu's LiveCD from the Ubuntu Website

Please see an answer I gave this morning here


Screenlet behaves like it has no underlying window

Turns out that overriding on_draw_shape solves the problem, viz.

def on_draw_shape(self, ctx):
    ctx.paint()

I'm not sure this is the right solution though, nor I'm sure what the on_draw_shape event is for and how it differs from the on_draw event.


How do I enable 'focus follows mouse' in Lubuntu (LXDE)?

This assumes you are using openbox as the default file manager. I mainly know a GUI application of openbox configuration manager.

Run obconf, click on the mouse tab and check the checkbox focus windows when the mouse pointer moves over them. Then click the close button for this to apply.

I do not know of a command line way.


How to install Intellij IDEA 15 on Ubuntu 15.10

Unpack the IntelliJ IDEA distribution archive that you downloaded to
 where you wish to install the program. We will refer to this destination
 location as your {installation home} below.
Open a console and cd into "{installation home}/bin" and type:

./idea.sh

to start the application. As a side effect, this will initialize various
 configuration files in the ~/.IntelliJIdea15 directory.
[OPTIONAL] Add "{installation home}/bin" to your PATH environment
 variable so that you may start IntelliJ IDEA from any directory.
[OPTIONAL] To adjust the value of the JVM heap size, create
  ~/.IntelliJIdea15/idea.vmoptions (or idea64.vmoptions
  if using a 64-bit JDK), and set the -Xms and -Xms paramters. To see how
  to do this, you can reference the vmoptions file under
  "{installation home}/bin" as a model.

[OPTIONAL] Changing the location of "config" and "system" directories

By default, IntelliJ IDEA stores all your settings under the ~/.IntelliJIdea15/config
directory and uses ~/.IntelliJIdea15/system as a data cache.
If you want to change these settings,
Open a console and cd into ~/.IntelliJIdea15/
Create the file "idea.properties" and open it in an editor. Set the
 idea.system.path and/or idea.config.path variables as desired, for
 example:

idea.system.path=~/custom/system
 idea.config.path=~/custom/config
Note that we recommend to store data cache ("system" directory) on a disk
 with at least 1GB of free space.

Enjoy!

-IntelliJ IDEA Development Team


I try to install a .deb, when I double click I get: the file "filename" could not be opened

Open your terminal and type as

sudo dpkg -i filename.deb

in the filename you have to place the filename of your .deb file.


How to format unallocated space in ubuntu?

Just right click on the unallocated space and choose New.  After that, choose partition type, File system type, add it, and then Apply.  See images for detail.


How to tell update manager to do updates on a specific date and time

Install cron-apt:
sudo apt-get install cron-apt
Edit config-file:
sudo gedit /etc/cron.d/cron-apt
comment the line: (put '#' in front of it)
0 4    * * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/cron-apt && /usr/sbin/cron-apt
Add these lines to the end of the file:
# Every Sunday at 16 o'clock
0 16 * * 0 root  test -x /usr/sbin/cron-apt && /usr/sbin/cron-apt

Save the file.

For more information see:
help.ubuntu.com/community/AutoWeeklyUpdateHowTo


Why is each security update file size so large?

As you are talking about recent security updates, Ubuntu have released more number of Security updates this time depending on all arch of systems.

If you want to see them please click here : http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/


Having difficulty installing Audacity 2.1.2 in Ubuntu 14.04

You can install audacity 2.1.2 from the PPA linked on there site, open a terminal and run

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/audacity
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install audacity

Here is a link for the PPA.


Help needed with deleting a Ubuntu partition

I'm going to make a educated guess here. If you never used ubuntu 13.10, I am assuming it is your /dev/sda1. My reasoning

Base installation is short of 8GB, if you never used it, the disk usage makes sense
/dev/sda2 has more of occupied space, which is why you want more space
If you are not using 13.10, there would be no key (locked) next to the partition name

I'm pretty sure /dev/sda1 is 13.10. Otherwise, it would be mounted.

To double check, df will show what partitions are mounted. If you are still not sure, boot into 13.10 and see what is mounted with df or gparted.

What you would need to do is format the /dev/sda1 partition to make more space. Unfortunately you will not be able to extend your 12.04 partition to the new free space. What you can do though is mount it when you use 12.04 and it will act as an "external" harddrive. If this bothers you, you can mount this automatically via scripts on startup.

WARNING

Simply formatting your 13.10 partition will mess up your bootloader because the bootloader is located on the same partition. You need to reinstall the bootloader in the /dev/sda2, or /dev/sda1 (one suggestions is to make a new /boot partition of ~300mb) after formatting it. Here is a tutorial


Deleting specific lines and duplicates from a 11gb wordlist text file

As you have already understood, you need to use sort -u to remove all duplicated lines. sort however does not support showing progress.

You can however write a little script that reads the contents from the input file and outputs it to the standard output, and while it does so it prints progress. Here is an example:

#!/bin/bash

set -e

bytes_read=0
byte_count=$(wc -c "$1" | cut -d" " -f1)
chunk_size=500000

while read -N $chunk_size chunk
do
    echo -ne "\rRead $bytes_read of $byte_count bytes [$[ 100 * bytes_read / byte_count ]%]" >& 2
    echo -n "$chunk"
    bytes_read=$[ bytes_read + chunk_size ]
done < "$1"

echo >& 2

You can use this script as follows:

./script-name input-file | sort -u > output-file

The progress will not take in account the time that sort will use to actually write the output, however this is fairly less than the time it takes to read the input file. This should be the most efficient shell-based solution.


react-native run-android error: SDK location is not found, but it exists in the path

Open your React Native app directory.
Navigate to your-app/android/
Create a simple text file and call it local.properties
Add the following code to this file (Don’t forget to replace “your-username” with your actual username.):

sdk.dir = /Users/your-username/Library/Android/sdk
That’s it! run “react-native run-android” command again or use Android Studio to run the project.


Some highly optimized applications are already using them, but on C/C+ or on Assembly (low-level).

If you want to start programming using this instructions - then you have to install Intel MKL packages by:

sudo add-apt-repository multiverse
sudo apt-get install libmkl-dev libmkl-avx2


As we see from your listing of loaded modules (lsmod), there are two possibly conflicting drivers loaded. Let's blacklist one and see if there is any improvement. From the terminal:
sudo -i
echo "blacklist cdc_ether" >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
exit

Reboot and check:
ip addr show
dmesg | grep 815


Bios clock reset on every boot.. hardware or software failure?

You laptop's motherboard battery is probably dead, replace it and this will go away.

The battery is responsible for keeping the real time clock on and making sure that your BIOS settings are kept between power cycles.

If a computer keeps asking for setting up your BIOS settings and your clock resets to factory on each boot there can only be 3 things related to that:

The battery is dead (no battery means the system will boot with
default BIOS settings / clock), replace it if necessary;
Your clear CMOS jumper on the motherboard (if present) is set to on (erases
settings / clock on each reboot), switch the jumper to the off position and your computer will save BIOS settings / clock between power cycles;
You motherboard is defect and its not saving the BIOS setting /
clock, in this case you need to replace the motherboard.

The catch here is that not only your clock is reset but also your BIOS settings, if it was just something messing with the clock the BIOS settings would not be erased.

Some laptop motherboards have replaceable batteries, others have chargeable ones soldered in to the PCB. With some luck you have the first type and can swap it in a few minutes (probably one of the covers on the bottom side of the laptop allow access to it), if you have one of the 2nd type you can still replace it with simple soldering skills or ask any electronics company around where you live to to so for you.


Fail2ban doesn't persist manual banned IPs after service restart

This is a common bug in f2b v0.10.5 on different OSs not Ubuntu only, fixed in v0.10.6.

You can find this discussion here, they are talking about same issue, and got it fixed by changing to v0.10.6 or even v0.11.x.


Ubuntu 17.04 lists two nvidia kernel modules as installed

These are not two kernel modules, this is the same kernel module built for two different kernels: 4.10.0-19-generic and 4.10.0-22-generic.

You have both kernels installed.


Broadly speaking, there are two possibilities (although clearly only one is the case for you):

BIOS-mode booting from GPT -- On a BIOS-based computer or an EFI-based computer that uses its Compatibility Support Module (CSM) to emulate a BIOS, GRUB is installed split across the Master Boot Record (MBR; the first sector of the disk), the BIOS Boot Partition, and files in the Linux /boot directory. In some cases, the BIOS Boot Partition code can be placed elsewhere, but Ubuntu pretty much insists on the BIOS Boot Partition being present. Since you don't have this partition on your disk (it shows up as having the "bios_grub flag" set in GParted), it's pretty clear that your disk is not set up for BIOS-mode booting.
EFI-mode booting from GPT -- Under EFI, booting is handled by boot loaders stored on the EFI System Partition (ESP), which shows up in GParted as having the "boot flag" set. The ESP is normally mounted at /boot/efi in Ubuntu, and Ubuntu's GRUB goes in the ESP's EFI/ubuntu directory -- that is, /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu. The computer knows which boot loader to launch because of NVRAM entries, which you can examine and manipulate with the efibootmgr command in Ubuntu. Type sudo efibootmgr to see the existing entries, or add -v to see extended information. You can use -c to add new entries, -B to delete entries, -o to change the boot priority, and so on. (Some of these options require additional options to do any good.) Type man efibootmgr for details. Note that EFI boot loaders are ordinary files; they have no components that are stored "raw" in the MBR or partition boot sector, unlike BIOS boot loaders. EFI-mode GRUB still relies on files in the Linux /boot directory tree, though, just like its BIOS-mode counterpart.

For more on the subject of EFI-mode booting, you can read:

Adam Williamson's blog entry about the principles underlying EFI-mode booting
The Ubuntu community wiki on setting up an EFI-mode boot
My own Web page about EFI boot loaders for Linux


Upgrade to Ubuntu 21.04 blanked the OBS Studio preview windows

An upgrade from 20.10 to 21.04 indeed automatically has you switch to Wayland. OBS Studio does not (yet) work in Wayland. To switch to X11, log out. Select your username so the password field appears. At that point, you will see a cog wheel in the bottom right of the login screen. It allows you to select "Ubuntu on Xorg". After that, enter your password to log in.
The session you select there remains in effect until you change it (or perhaps until a future upgrade).


Cannot get dual monitor setup working in Ubuntu 12.04: LG Flatron IPS235

If anybody stumbles across this, I got this working.  I tried a bunch of different things, and got a fresh install of the NVIDIA drivers.

As it turns out, I was using both the D-SUB and HDMI outputs of my laptop to my monitor (an LG Flatron IPS235) and Ubuntu DIDN'T LIKE THIS.

So, I yanked out the HDMI cable and rebooted.

It worked.    :P


I found it ! It is actually a Java setting on the client. If you open IcedTea Web Control panel you can set in Desktop Integration section "Always allow"  option.


Looking at the PPA page you can see 1.8.4 is marked as "Superseded". This means it's no longer provided by the repository. That's the reason aptitude versions mercurial isn't behaving as you'd want.

You have some options:

Update: The files are still available through Launchpad. You can find the built files here. Download the debs you want. I suggest you remove the PPA at this point (per point 3) and then manually install the debs.

Keep using 1.9.x
Install ppa-purge and purge the PPA, so you're back on 1.7.5

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:mercurial-ppa/ppa # or something like that

As #3 but then find another PPA that provides 1.8.5. I suggest if you do ever find a PPA, unless it specifically says it's going to provide 1.8 eternally, that you go on to lock the version of the packages it installs.
Do it yourself. Remove everything you have, purging the PPA then: download the source for 1.8, compile it, package it (checkinstall should help you there), install it and lock it.


Try installing using the alternative installed which is text based.  That seems to work


Eclipse writing to .gvfs directory results in empty file

As Valorin who asked the question commented, this is a bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-vfs/+bug/658069 The rest should be followed there.


Fingerprint lock works in Ubuntu 18.04 and can be seen under setting->user (provided you have fingerprint GUI or so) but not all fingerprint scanners are supported by Linux.
So unless someone creates a drive for the same, it's up to no good.


How to access information on SD Cards Ubuntu 12.10

Hope you have removed any passwords of your SD card from the device which you created the password.


Too late to answer, just to write a solution to this problem:

This link contains mostly the actions to be performed to install ubuntu in pipo x8.

https://plus.google.com/+IanMORRISON/posts/UNWdwRMqy3j

A brief description on what we did to install ubuntu 14.04 in X8:

The UEFI is 32 bits so yo should install 32 bits OS versions
Download ubuntu 32 bits, create a bootable usb and check  in EFI folder if 32 bits bootable files are stored. If not (by now, this is the case), download the 32 bits bootable files (uefi and grub)
On startup press F2 to display the UEFI. Disable fast startup . Boot options, select the usb the first to boot.
Start ubuntu without installing. Then, from ubuntu, install. After installing, DON'T restart and execute the file pointed out in the above link.
Restart and you should be able to start ubuntu.
Some drivers are not installed (ethernet card, tactile), there is another file in the link to be executed or download proper drivers from internet.
Now pipo is SUPER-PIPOTE X8, enjoy!