Does avconv have an equivalent complex filter for ffmpeg's adelay?

Is there an avconv equivalent to adelay?

No. They haven't redesigned that wheel yet (NIH syndrome).

See the rather short list of avconv audio filters.

Or do I need to install ffmpeg?

That is what I recommend. It's easy and you have several options (from easiest to hardest):

Get a static build. Just download, extract, and execute. See below for more info.
Use a PPA. See Ubuntu Multimedia for Trusty 14.04.
Compile. You get the latest-and-greatest build and can customize to your liking.
Upgrade your Ubuntu. FFmpeg returned in Ubuntu 15.04.

Using the static build

You can use the static build like this (assuming it is in the Downloads directory):

/home/mattm/Downloads/ffmpeg -i input ...

or

~/Downloads/ffmpeg -i input ...

or to make it "just work" by just entering ffmpeg from anywhere you can add it to a directory that is included in your PATH environmental variable:

mkdir ~/bin
mv ~/Downloads/ffmpeg ~/bin
hash -r ffmpeg
. ~/.profile

To undo:

rm ~/bin/ffmpeg
hash -r ffmpeg


GRUB freezes when I reboot with usb mouse connected

I was having the same problem. I tried to disable the USB boot option from BIOS, but it did not work. To solve the problem I used the efibootmgr command.
First I ran sudo efibootmgr to see the current boot options. Mine was correctly set to start from ubuntu and USB Drive was the last one, so I don't know how the problem was occurring on the first place. Then I sudo efibootmgr -b <USBbootnum> -A to make the USB Drive option inactive. This worked for me. After reboot the computer the USB Driver option became active again (don't know why), but the problem went way.


Upgrade problem. Can I switch to a window from command line ?

I can answer the first question:

  Q1: Is there a way to switch a window from the terminal so that I can
  continue the upgrade?

With xdotool you can control and manipulate x windows.
But before you can use xdotool you have to export the 2 variables $DISPLAY and $XAUTHORITY. Both of them you will get trough the proc filesystem:

user@host:~$ cat /proc/`pidof gnome-terminal`/environ|tr "\0" "\n" | grep DISPLAY
DISPLAY=:0.0
user@host:~$ cat /proc/`pidof gnome-terminal`/environ|tr "\0" "\n" | grep XAUTHORITY
XAUTHORITY=/var/run/gdm/auth-for-user-gDwGgG/database

Export the variables:

user@host:~$ export DISPLAY=:0.0
user@host:~$ export XAUTHORITY=/var/run/gdm/auth-for-user-gDwGgG/database

So, preparatory work done! With the following command you can get the window identifiers:

user@host:~$ xdotool search --onlyvisible --pid `pidof gnome-terminal`
50331653

Then you can activate this window:

user@host:~$ xdotool windowactivate 50331653


How do I give Virtualbox access to phone storage?

You have to active Android MTP on your phone first. You active by turn on Developer Option in Setting function on your phone, and turn on USB debugging, after that select USB tethering on Default USB configuration.


Will the stuff on my bootable drive save on the drive?

It depends on where you partitioned your filesystem.

If your filesystem is on your hardrive in your laptop, the applications you download will be saved in your laptop, if your filesystem is on the pendrive, your application and application data will be saved in the pendrive.

What you install in your live CD will not be saved. However if you want to save your files, settings, applications etc.. You can follow this guide on creating a Live USB that is persistent.


How to open Nautilus in a specified directory from the command line?

Alt+F2 or Fn+Alt+F2 is the key combination you are looking for.

To open any window just specify the location as shown below in screenshot.

This method is very quick as it gives suggestions also. When I type Do it give suggestion for Documents and Downloads (see screenshot)

EDIT:
Another useful method to quickly excess file and folders

Use super + F

This will show you frequently and recently used files and folders. Just type the few starting words of your file/folder and it will show you that file/folder and then hit enter to open the file/folder.

These two methods will greatly save your time and make you more efficient.


My screen resolution changed overnight and I can't seem to change it

Resolve (for me)
Open applications menu and go to Settings -> Additional Drivers -> select xserver-xorg-video-nouveau -> apply -> reboot


I think this link will definitely help you out

How to recover ubuntu password


Unfortunately your question is way to broad and beyond the scope of a single Q&A on askubuntu.com.  However, you might look to resources like:

Juju: https://jujucharms.com/
Canonical Kubernetes: https://www.ubuntu.com/containers/kubernetes
Conjure Up:  http://conjure-up.io/
Ubuntu Cloud on Twitter:  https://twitter.com/ubuntucloud


Partition listed as read-only but isn't!

I noticed this bug a few days ago and didn't find any solution for it. There is only some official confirmation on Launchpad.

But then I came across a patched version of Nautilus from the SoluOS project, and so installed it in the few easy steps described here.

And now Nautilus works OK.


Why taskbar doesn't appear properly on Ubuntu Budgie desktop?

It looks like a bum update. Install Synaptic package manager with sudo apt install synaptic and undo the latest software update with Is there a way to undo software updates?, then use apt-mark hold <package-name> to prevent the same update from coming back again.

To restart the Budgie top panel run the following command:

nohup budgie-panel --replace&

To reset the entire Budgie top panel back to its default settings run the following commands:

budgie-panel --replace --reset # afterwards press Enter, then press Ctrl+C
nohup budgie-panel --replace&


According to the PPA it is only covered up to Vivid 15.04.  You can still download it, but you need to make a change to the PPA file on your system.

The reason for changing it, when you add a repository with the add-apt-repository, it creates a PPA based on your distro of Ubuntu that you have.  The distro you have is code named Wily for Ubuntu 15.10.  So, the file created for the PPA which should be, /etc/apt/sources.list.d/strukturag-libde265-wily.list, contains the following line:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/strukturag/libde265/ubuntu wily main

so during a sudo apt-get update you should have seen something like this:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/strukturag/libde265/ubuntu/dists/wily/main/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/strukturag/libde265/ubuntu/dists/wily/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found

E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

The way to fix it for now would be to change the line in the file for one step back for the PPA so you can install the desired H264 files.

To modify the PPA file for now, press Alt+F2 to bring up a run window.  Then type in the following to edit:

gksu gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/strukturag-libde265-wily.list

It will ask for your password as this needed elevated level to modify this file.  Then make the following change:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/strukturag/libde265/ubuntu wily main

to

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/strukturag/libde265/ubuntu vivid main

Then you can just close the file as it will prompt you to save it.  Save the changes, then rerun

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0-libde265

It is not recommended to keep a PPA that does not belong to the version of Ubuntu you are running as it can update applications to the wrong versions made for your distro.  You should be OK for installing the gstreamer1.0-libde265.  After installing, I recommend to go back and modify the PPA file one more time and comment out that line so that it is not part of sudo apt-get update until they put out a Wily version of the PPA.

To comment out, change

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/strukturag/libde265/ubuntu vivid main

to

#deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/strukturag/libde265/ubuntu vivid main

Hope this helps!


python GUI frameworks that support touch devices

Take a look at pyotherside, it's not really a GUI framework for python but a way to call python3 code from a QML application (you could even use the Ubuntu SDK).

Pyotherside is available in the Ubuntu repositories as of 14.10.

Regarding Gstreamer, from python I'd use gobject introspection, See Using GStreamer 1.0 from Python.

From QML, if you just need the playback feature, take a look at the MediaPlayer QML Type.


Login as another user via terminal without root permissions

su - username

This will switch to the user and reload the environment for said user.  You'll notice that you're now in the username's home directory and not /root/.

Once you've done this, try ls -lsa /root/.  You should no longer see any of the files there.


Problem upgrading a chroot for FAT Clients (ltsp, edubuntu, and 14.04)

Based on larsks's comment, here's what I did.

sudo chroot /opt/ltsp/i386
mount -t proc proc /proc
rm -f /etc/resolv.conf
nano /etc/resolv.conf

And the content of the new resolv.conf (I'm using OpenDNS's family shield nameservers - it's in an elementary school lab) is:

nameserver 208.67.222.123
nameserver 208.67.220.123

Save the file, exit out of chroot, then run

sudo ltsp-update-image

which I didn't know if I would need or not. However, it all is working, now.


Ubuntu 15.10: Acer laptop freezes when put into standby (won't shut down)

This appears to be a problem related to the dw_dmac module. If you open the terminal and enter:

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Then add the line

blacklist dw_dmac

This may or may not work for you.

If you want to be sure, install Ubuntu 12.04. It still has support, hopefully until this bug will be resolved and you should not have any shutdown and hibernation problems whatsoever.

It seems the single chip Atom processors by Intel cause this to happen, may be related to the APU. Possibly a newer kernel (16.04+) could ultimately solve this?


How do I force only one instance of my application?

First, make sure you have a good reason to do this. People expect applications to work as you describe in your post. Even though you personally might not like it.

But, to answer your question, one of the easiest ways to do it is by making a file (for example in the configuration directory) at startup, which you remove when your application exits. Before starting the application, you check in your code if another instance is already active, and if so, you exit directly. If you also want to focus the active application, you need a way to do inter process communication. For example via a socket. See http://docs.python.org/library/ipc.html for more info.


Where can I find the Pictures / Music / Downloads folder icons?

Finally, I figured it out by myself (or, to be honest, with help from an ArchLinux forum).
So, in the sidebar, this special folders are not under "Bookmarks" but under "Computer". To include custom folders in this list, you have to edit ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs.

Here's the content of mine :

# This file is written by xdg-user-dirs-update
# If you want to change or add directories, just edit the line you're
# interested in. All local changes will be retained on the next run
# Format is XDG_xxx_DIR="$HOME/yyy", where yyy is a shell-escaped
# homedir-relative path, or XDG_xxx_DIR="/yyy", where /yyy is an
# absolute path. No other format is supported.
#
XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Bureau"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Téléchargements"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Modèles"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Musique"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Images"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Vidéos"

It happens that the line concerning music had become XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/ after I had deleted the Music folder.

Once you have filled this file appropriately, most of work is done. But if you have also customized your icons by changing it to usr/share/icons/whatever you may also want to reset the icon to default by right-clicking on the folder icon, then going to Properties, clicking on the icon and pressing "reset" at the bottom of the window.


First installation - Waiting for network configuration

Solved! Switched from Ubuntu to another Arch-based distro and now the problem does not appear. :)


Is it possible to use a 2.6.38 kernel with 10.10?

You can also use the debs coming from Natty... Just go here and download the "linux-image-2.6.38-" and the needed "linux-headers-2.6.38-" you want and install the debian files. They should work with no issues.


Behringer USB devices appear to work natively with Ubuntu 18.04 - just plug them in.


mkusb Casper-rw partition persistance doesn't work

It is easy enough to create a casper-rw file manually:

Create a casper-rw file:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=casper-rw bs=1M count=512

sudo mkfs.ext3 -L casper-rw -F casper-rw

If a casper-rw file has been used in one version, it will not work in another.

You also need the word "persistent" in grub.cfg, txt.cfg, syslinux.cfg or text.cfg.


Which big computer companies support the Ubuntu project financially?

I know of employees of the following companies who are tasked with improvements to Ubuntu as a primary job responsibility, including maintenance or delivery of software in the archive, bugfixing, and other development work performed on and in Ubuntu.  This list is necessarily incomplete, as it is exceedingly likely that many folk have not decided to disclose their employment and/or job responsibilities to me (or I forgot).  Some of these may not meet your definition of "big", others are indisputably so.

ARM
Canonical
Cisco
Dell
Freescale
Google
IBM
Linux System Dynamics
Ksplice
KTS
Nokia
NTT
Oracle
Rackspace
Revolution Linux
Samsung
ST Ericsson
10gen
Texas Instruments
Tiger Security

I am also aware of employees of many other firms who provide publicity or support services (magazine publishers, book publishers, event organisers, on- or off-site systems support services, deployment services, etc.) for Ubuntu or Ubuntu Derivatives (including the remixes typically deployed for pre-installed systems) who consider themselves to be part of the Ubuntu community, although their output is often not in the form of patches or uploads directly to Ubuntu.

Further, there are a number of companies that look favorably on contributions by their employees into Ubuntu, and whose staff hold significant positions within the Ubuntu community, but who have not explicitly tasked their staff with improvements to Ubuntu as a primary responsibility.

Beyond that, there exists a significant number of individual or small consultancies that provide services which sometimes include delivery or improvement of software in Ubuntu or delivery of Ubuntu into some environment, for which necessary modifications are applied directly to Ubuntu.  While these are surely not "big", they not infrequently perform services for clients that meet most definitions of "big".  As these relationships are typically confidential between the parties concerned, they may necessarily not be listed here.

Additionally, there is the list of companies that have commercial relationships with all those above, with the intent of delivering Ubuntu to users or supporting Ubuntu.  While these companies may not be directly funding Ubuntu Development, without their assistance, few of the aforementioned firms would be as interested in funding that development.


Terminal Window Hangs for 4-5 sec. Consistently

Figured this out! A program called Orca was starting itself on startup and using up a cpu at 100%.  Apparently Orca is a screen reader, ugh!!


How can I extract images from a raw email?

Well that was easier than I first thought. Must have been searching for the wrong thing:

$ sudo apt-get install mpack
$ munpack email.eml
cat.jpeg (image/jpg)
Fleur4.jpeg (image/jpg)
kasper.jpeg (image/jpg)
moreno.jpeg (image/jpg)
orla.jpeg (image/jpg)
oscar.jpeg (image/jpg)
saidi.jpeg (image/jpg)
teo.jpeg (image/jpg)
tigra.jpeg (image/jpg)


Ubuntu 14.04 installation doesn't show options to dual-boot with windows 7

@Lowercase,

I am no ubuntu expert, but I did use a LiveCD to configure the system. I have document some of my experience at the link below.

DUAL boot issues with windows 8 and Ubuntu 12.04

Follow these link and see it they will benefit you as much I benefited from them. BTW make sure you backup your data and create a recoverable disk.


What is the simplest way to run Javascript code on Ubuntu?

The easiest way to run JavaScript on your desktop is probably thorugh NodeJS. Install it with:
apt install nodejs

Then if you create a file named hello.js like this...
console.log("Hello!");

...you can execute it like this:
$ node hello.js
Hello!

NodeJS comes with several modules for various tasks, including interacting with your desktop and creating graphical applications. Use apt search ^node- to list those packaged for Ubuntu, or check out NPM for many other third-party packages.


How to swap out packages that came from a PPA for Ubuntu provided versions?

Install PPA Purge using sudo apt install ppa-purge. Then use ppa-purge to purge the offending PPA (padoka PPA) and restore the files that are found in the Ubuntu repositories by using sudo ppa-purge ppa:paulo-miguel-dias/mesa.


Use same Home partition to install a different ubuntu

I agree with @muru's comment above.

Move all the hidden files and folders in /home/USERNAME into a new folder called /home/USERNAME/My Old Congiuration Files and Folders.

The fresh install should create new hidden files and folders first time you login and as and when needed.

Once you determine that the fresh install is running fine and you don't need any of the old configurations, you can delete the folder.

Hope this helps


This is actually a common problem with Skylake HD graphics which you are using when Nvidia PRIME is set to "Intel". In this (Ubuntu 16.04 Skylake 6th Generation Screen Flickering) Q&A the most voted answer is to:

Create or edit the file at /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf as root with the following:

Section "Device"
    Identifier "Intel Graphics"
    Driver "intel"
    Option "AccelMethod" "sna"
    Option "TearFree" "true"
    Option "DRI" "3"
EndSection

There are other suggestions in that Q&A but this is the best place to start. If that isn't enough there are other Q&A's here:

Intel Skylake Graphics Issues (Corruption/Flickering/Artifacts)
IntelHD 5500 Screen flickering one of the recommendations is to install the 4.9.2 kernel (now at 4.9.10) which you can do following these instructions: (How do I update kernel to the latest mainline version?)


Kubuntu 16.04 no primary screen on laptop when external screen is unplugged

I've had the exact same issue and stumbled over this post. I got it back to working, and maybe it helps you, too (if you haven't solved it already).

As you described, the primary display switched to the external monitor, without it being possible to switch it back, resulting in having no primary display (i.e. no launcher, no panel etc.) when unplugging the external monitor.

This solved the issue for me:

unplug external monitor
right-click, where the panel used to be, click "Add Panel" and "Default Panel"
this made the launcher and the panel reappear (eventhough it wasn't yet the one it was before, with all my Launchers etc)
reconnect the external monitor, which became primary again
changing primary display to laptop display (which worked now)
removing the previously added default panel, which made my original panel reappear

I can't say if this really solved the problem, if it's a dirty workaround or if it was just luck, but I hope it might help.


Problem after upgrading to Kubuntu 15.10

I can answer your last question. It's a kernel bug with the Intel graphics: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1492764

Some people reported it as fixed in Linux Kernel 4.3, but it wasn't verified as of this posting. If you think you need to, you can manually update to the new kernel: http://www.ubuntumaniac.com/2015/10/how-to-upgrade-to-linux-kernel-43-rc7.html

As for your resolution problem, a Google search and a couple bounces later, I found this: Can't set a higher screen resolution in a external display in a Dell Mini 10v laptop

It's old, but it might do the trick. Interestingly enough, the bug listings linked in the question are marked as Invalid and/or Won't Fix, and they're claimed as a bug with the driver instead of compiz. Possibly linked to your previous bug with the Intel graphics drivers? https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/compiz/+bug/830949


Sigmatel sound card not working on an Dell XPS m2010

First of all, for your Huawei Modem, take a look at this: How do i configure huawei usb modem and this: How do I set up an MTS MBlaze modem?

For your sound issues take a look at this: Sound does not work once my profile loads and this: Howto save AlsaMixer settings?

If you need further details please drop a comment and I will edit this.

Good luck!


You should report this as a bug (as this site is not the right place for bug reports).

If you log out, click the Ubuntu logo on the login screen, and select Ubuntu 2D instead of Ubuntu from the drop-down menu, then you'll log in to a Unity 2D session instead of a Unity session.

Unity and Unity 2D use different window managers, and it seems likely this is either a bug in the window manager or a bug in your graphics drivers that occurs when using a window manager with 3D graphics acceleration.

In addition to giving you a possible workaround, trying this will also give you information you can use in reporting the bug.


(How) can I run a bare machine with a disk from an runnable machine?

As a first stage to recovering a crashed system I would suggest booting the new machine with a bootable USB or CD/DVD and taking a look at the contents of the recovered drives.

Here is a tutorial on making a bootable USB stick


Cannot install, screens keep flashing never load ubuntu 13.04

You didn't mention what nVidia card you're trying to use, it would be good to know as there are different drivers for different types of card.

Also, 512Mb/RAM is a little low, Xubuntu might be a better choice. I have a gut feeling that the 3D requirements for the Unity desktop might be playing merry havoc with your graphics output.


In an application or for the system, how do I bind more than one key to a shortcut?

You can use xdotool to bind a shortcut to another shortcut:

1) Install xdotool.

2) Press Alt+F2 and paste gnome-control-center keyboard.

3) Go to the "Shortcuts" tab and then to "Custom shortcuts".

4) Press at "+" to add a new shortcut:

5) Give it a name and at the command you paste something like this:

gnome-terminal --geometry=0x0 -e "bash -c \"sleep .1 && xdotool keydown --clearmodifiers Super && xdotool keyup Super ; exit; exec bash\""

6) Press at "Disabled" and then press the key combination you want.

Enjoy ;-)


Trying to figure out the step between installing Wine and getting Sims 3 to play

Reddit helped me with a super, super easy solution: enable ProtonBeta within Steam!

Steam > settings > steamplay > turn everything on.


How To Uninstall Failed 'dpkg -i xorg_7.6+12ubuntu1_amd64.deb' Command

Try the below command on Virtual console(ctrl+alt+F1),

sudo service lightdm stop
sudo dpkg --purge --force-all --force-remove-reinstreq xorg
sudo apt-get install xorg

It's safe to do the above commands in tty.

reinst-required
          A package marked reinst-required is broken  and  requires  rein‐
          stallation. These packages cannot be removed, unless forced with
          option --force-remove-reinstreq
purge
          The  package  is  selected  to be purged (i.e. we want to remove
          everything from system directories, even configuration files).
force-all
          Set all force options


HDMI audio disabled after resuming from sleep

There is a complicated way of accomplishing this with udev rules, systemd service and suspend/resume hooks.

An easier way is to check this:

$ cat /etc/pulse/default.pa | grep switch-on-port-available
load-module module-switch-on-port-available

If the second line doesn't begin with a # (commented out) then edit the file and insert a # in the beginning.

Now all output will be controlled to what you manually set it to and stay there until you change it.


How to reduce the size of bootable img file?

I'm sorry to say you need to purchase a new SD card. At (Ubuntu Mate - Raspberry Pi) they say:

  We have done what we can to optimise the build for the Raspberry Pi 2
  and Raspberry Pi 3, you can comfortably use applications such as
  LibreOffice, which in fact is a joy to use :-) But the microSDHC I/O
  throughput is a bottleneck so we highly recommend that you use a
  Class 6 or Class 10 microSDHC card. Ubuntu MATE 16.04 also has
  fully working Bluetooth and Wifi on the Raspberry Pi 3

  You’ll need a microSD card which is 8GB or greater to fit the
  image. The file system can be resized to occupy the unallocated space
  of the microSD card, on Ubuntu MATE 16.04 this can be done via
  Ubuntu MATE Welcome.

In effect you don't have an installation .ISO on your hands you have an image of the fully installed operating system.

The good news is you can get a **32 GB Class 10 Card* for $13.49 from: (ebay.com - SanDisk Ultra Class 10 32GB microSD). I would highly recommend this move as it will leave you 24 GB for applications and data. Plus extra working storage space for upgrading new kernels, new Ubuntu Mate distributions, etc.


English 16.04 server with German keyboard: locale errors

You can fix the first problem by generating the German locale:

sudo locale-gen de_DE.UTF-8


By installing gnome-system-tools  we gain access to Users and Groups that we used for this purpose in previous releases. We can call this application either from the Dash (Users and Groups) or in a terminal by

users-admin


You could use the find command inside of the directory that you wish to search in:

find -iname *.exe

The -iname parameter tells the program to search for filename using case insensitivity. For more information about this command you can use the following which will show the manual page for find:

man find

The previous is what I use but there is also a nice article here that shows many more ways to find files including graphical ways.


ubuntu 14.04 how to set all user with same themes?

You have to use the /etc/skel

Make a user then apply all configuration you want to do. Then easily copy this configuration from your home to the /etc/skel.

So for now every new user will have the same settings of the firs main user.


What is the meaning of this sentence regarding the difference between apt-get and apt?

It means that apt and apt-get have similar functionality, the difference being that apt is intended to be used interactively whereas apt-get is supposed to be used in scripts.

The behavior, effect and output of apt-get are maintained unchanged (that's what "backward compatible" means), so that scripts can rely on them. apt is more free to change with the times and may not function as expected if you run the same script sometime in the future.

Of course, nothing is stopping you from using apt-get interactively. I do. Maybe apt is easier to use interactively, but two commands are more difficult to learn then one command.

See also "What is the difference between apt and apt-get".


Some Ubuntu services are starting even if they are disabled

Maybe some other service or socket needs them thus starts them at the point of need. You should mask the service if you don't want it to be started in any way (Automatically, manually or by any other service) :

sudo systemctl mask name.service
sudo systemctl stop name.service
sudo systemctl disable name.service

Masking a service points it to /dev/null so it's not going to be enabled/started anymore.

If you want to enable it again use:

sudo systemctl unmask name.service
sudo systemctl enable name.service

To find out which services are depends on a specific service you can use something like:

grep -Ri name.service /lib/systemd/system

e.g:

$ grep -Ri bluetooth.service /lib/systemd/system
./tlp.service:Wants=bluetooth.service NetworkManager.service

we can see in my Ubuntu tlp service needs bluetooth and NetworkManager.

A better option is to use:

$ systemctl list-dependencies bluetooth.service --reverse

bluetooth.service
● └─tlp.service


I dont have this particular printer - but I can confirm your issue if you follow the lexmark website instructions... (N.B. download the DEB not the RPM package)

if you prefix sudo to the install instructions then the package is installed...

Obviously - since I dont have this printer, I cant get past this screen.  I hope you can :)


'Settings' are missing in top bar menu ubuntu 20.04

I ran
sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-control-center

as you proposed. This command installed gnome-control-center, which appeared not to be installed.
After that, I had to log out and to log in to see the "Settings" entry appear in the menu dropping from the upper right button in the top taskbar.


Ubuntu Server not accepting SSH connection

If you have access to the host with your Ubuntu machine you should try next:

Check if ssh daemon is really running: sudo netstat -tnlp | grep ssh (list running processes applying filter for SSH daemon).
Optional! Check if ssh daemon uses port 22 for remote connections cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config | grep Port. The output should be Port 22 or any other number.
Check the firewall settings: sudo iptables -nL. If the number of rules is big redirect the output to a text file in your home directory sudo iptables -nL > $HOME/iptables.txt.
Backup iptables rules to your home directory sudo iptables-save > $HOME/iptables.up.rules. Remove TEMPORARY all rules sudo iptables -F. (Later on to restore the iptables rules you can run sudo iptables-restore < $HOME/iptables.up.rules.)

Now your Ubuntu machine can accept any traffic so you should be able to connect to it remotely over ssh.


Is this normal CPU/Memory usage for a system that runs nothing but Ubuntu as they start up?

Here are the relevant lines of your paste, where %CPU is not 0.0. These are all normal processes that would be active during a typical user login session. It does not look like you have anything to worry about.

USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root      1187  8.7  0.4 196172 38552 tty7     Ss+  14:07   6:31  \_ /usr/bin/X :0 -core -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch -background none
deus      1995  4.6  1.2 1480928 96744 ?       Sl   14:08   3:25          \_ compiz
deus     30695  1.5  0.2 607076 19668 ?        Sl   15:21   0:00          |       \_ gnome-terminal
deus     30702  0.1  0.0  26168  3200 pts/0    Ss   15:21   0:00          |           \_ bash
deus      2015  0.1  0.5 1020772 45468 ?       Sl   14:08   0:05          \_ nautilus -n
deus      2426  0.1  0.1 517176 14152 ?        Sl   14:09   0:06          \_ update-notifier
deus      1972  2.2  0.0 365604  6776 ?        S<l  14:08   1:41 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start --log-target=syslog
deus     30029  5.3  0.3 553456 30216 ?        Sl   14:59   1:12 gnome-system-monitor


How to install .net framework 3.5 on wine?


swapon /dev/sda3 : swapon failed : device or resource busy

This answer on serverfault worked for me:

#: swapoff /dev/sda2
#: mkswap /dev/sda2
#: swapon /dev/sda2enter code here

Then check it with

#: lsblk


uptime shows no output for non-privileged users

Look at the strace provided by you:

bbx@bard:~$ more strace-uptime.txt
execve("/home/bbx/bin/uptime", ["uptime"], [/* 15 vars */]) = 0
...

Your non-root user bbx has a script in ~/bin/uptime that gets executed. When ran as root, another uptime program gets executed. To solve this, check what /home/bbx/bin/uptime is doing there and remove it if possible. Otherwise, use the full path (/usr/bin/uptime).


I updated yesterday 15.6.2012 and now I cant boot with 3.2.0-25 I have to enter with 3.2.0-24

Could you be more specific about how you did it? Did you update it manually or using Update Manager?

Have a look at this if you don't know how to upgrade kernel: How can I upgrade kernel to 3.1?

The process is pretty much same even in this case. Just remember to use the kernel images provided by Ubuntu (for that particular version) here: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/

To remove that obsolete kernel installation:

Go to Synaptic and select the linux kernel headers and image of the kernel version which is not working and mark them for removal and apply changes. Then in the terminal run
    update-grub to write changes to grub.

Hope you understand it!


Screen resolution change on "lock screen"

I had the same issue on Ubuntu 18.04 with GNOME.
check the monitors.xml file for inconsistencies. I had two times the "same" monitor listed with different settings. Delete everything except for one.

nano .config/monitors.xml

my file looks like this now:

<monitors version="2">
  <configuration>
    <logicalmonitor>
      <x>0</x>
      <y>0</y>
      <scale>1</scale>
      <primary>yes</primary>
      <monitor>
        <monitorspec>
          <connector>DP-2</connector>
          <vendor>DEL</vendor>
          <product>DELL U2515H</product>
          <serial>9X2VY5B40UHL</serial>
        </monitorspec>
        <mode>
          <width>2560</width>
          <height>1440</height>
          <rate>59.9510498046875</rate>
        </mode>
      </monitor>
    </logicalmonitor>
  </configuration>
 </monitors>

I hope this helps.


My wireless card doesnot support AP mode. Is it the end?

You can buy some wifi usb dongle that support AP mode.

It's a matter of searching with some /search engine HERE/. May be 1
hour of your time.

/me bought the TL-WN725N for my raspberry pi, but I won't recommend
it for you since it needs a special hostapd version and some more
work...
Or you can even replace the wifi card of your laptop. Most of the
time it's easy to do.
Or you can even ask broadcom to give us linux driver on par with the windows one.

bcmwl-kernel-broadcom driver is supposed to support monitor mode but echo 1 > /proc/brcm_monitor0 just freeze my laptop here. Hard reboot needed. Or for unkown reason to me, wifi AP on channel 13 are not visible by the driver (even though crda is configured corectly)


Disabling the key combination to change keyboard layout

If you open the keyboard configuration dialog, there is an "Options…" button at the bottom right.  One of those options allows you to select a key combo to change keyboard layouts; you want to deselect all (or choose one you will never activate accidentally).


I had a similar problem on my notebook. First, I'd suggest to try to use Unity2D (select "Ubuntu 2D" session when logging in). This brought a usable desktop up for me. If you are using an AMD graphics card, you might then try to install the proprietary driver (fglrx). This solved the problem on my notebook, meaning that with fglrx I'm also able to use the usual "Ubuntu" session. When thinking about it, have you tried the keyboard combination to switch between LCD and external monitor? I just now had the idea that this might be because X11 thinks that the notebook LCD is the second monitor and therefore puts the Dash on the external monitor (which probably isn't connected).


ELAN Touchpad not working on Lenovo Thinkbook with Ubuntu 18.04

It looks like your specific Elan touchpad (Elan 062F) can be fixed by following the steps in this thread here

The comment which fixes your problem is this

This Lenovo machine that I'd purchased also has the same issue, but with a different touchpad model.

Try these steps mentioned in the thread and let me know if it works for you.:

Disassemple the current dsdt ACPI table (see this link):

mkdir -p /tmp/acpitables
cd /tmp/acpitables
sudo acpidump > acpidump.out
acpixtract -a acpidump.out
iasl -d dsdt.dat

In my case the output dsdt.dsl file contained some invalid error output lines at the very beginning which I just removed. Otherwise, the compiling in step 4 results in errors.

Apply this patch to dsdt.dsl (see this link):

- Name (_HID, "XXXX0000") // _HID: Hardware ID
+ Name (_HID, "ELAN062F") // _HID: Hardware ID

Create an assembler source file out of the patched dsdt.dsl:

iasl -sa dsdt.dsl

Create a CPIO archive to be loaded by the bootloader (see this link):

mkdir -p kernel/firmware/acpi
cp dsdt.aml ssdt1.aml kernel/firmware/acpi
find kernel | cpio -H newc --create > acpi_override
sudo cp acpi_override /boot

Install the patched dsdt file (see this link):

cpio --extract < ./acpi_override
cp kernel/firmware/acpi/dsdt.aml /boot/fixed_dsdt.aml

and Create or update /boot/grub/custom.cfg to contain
acpi /fixed_dsdt.aml


Ubuntu 16.04 Bluetooth not working and finding devices

This bluetooth device is not supported by the 4.4 kernel.

Upgrade it to 4.10 by running

sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-16.04

Reboot with the new kernel. The BT adapter should work unless there is no firmware.

Update: Your /etc/apt/sources.list doesn't have xenial-updates for some reason.

You can create a default sources.list. Delete /etc/apt/sources.list by running

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list

then go to System Settings -> Software & Updates and enable all repos.

Then you'll be able to install linux-generic-hwe-16.04.


Sound recorded by webcam microphone is distorted in 16.04

I experienced the same issue, I found this and it solved the issue for me.

  If your microphone volume creeps up automatically and causes the sound
  to be distorted, you can fix it by disabling mic boost:

  In
  /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-input-internal-mic.conf
  and /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-input-mic.conf,

  Under [Element Internal Mic Boost] set volume to zero.
  Under [Element Int Mic Boost] set volume to zero.
  Under [Element Mic Boost] set volume to zero.

  Then restart PulseAudio:

pulseaudio -k


Installation from USB Stick on Thinkpad X240

Ubuntu tends to have issues with UEFI BIOS's. You should make a regular BIOS install USB stick and then your best option is to go into your BIOS (This is often achieved in Thinkpads by pressing the blue button on bootup) and change the UEFI setting to OFF. And then also disable "Secure Boot". Without these disabled, you will likely have a very difficult time installing Ubuntu. You will also probably need to change the boot order while you are there. So go into your boot settings in BIOS and change the boot order so that "USB Drive" or something similar is at the top of the list.

And that's all I can think of at the moment. After that your install should be pretty smooth. Just do a bit of research and make sure you know how to to get into the BIOS. Most laptops are different, but the most common keys to press are F12, F11, F2, F1, or DELETE.


.sh script works in Terminal, but not when executed via "Run in Terminal"

Use this instead:

#!/bin/bash
/home/$USER/.local/bin/jupyter notebook

or

#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/bin/jupyter notebook

If that still doesn't work, replace the path to jupyter with the output of the following command:

which jupyter


How can I load the standard wireless driver after I deinstall ndiswrapper?

Firstly, make sure your hardware's driver isn't blacklisted in /etc/modprobe.d/*.  It would appear with "blacklist " prepended on a line, e.g., "blacklist wl" (if your driver is wl).  Secondly, installing linux-backports-modules-wireless-maverick-generic should suffice after a reboot (provided that the appropriate driver isn't blacklisted and that you're using 10.10/Maverick).


How to remotely use a computer from another computer over the local network?

As this detailed article describes it's simple to setup with built-in VNC software for gnome:

How to Set Up Remote Desktop on Ubuntu

Here's a screenshot (one of many from the linked article) showing the built-in gnome screen:


Install Ubuntu 20.04 DESKTOP with Software RAID 1 on two disks

You are not restricted to using only Ubuntu Server packages just because you installed Ubuntu Server initially.

Install Ubuntu server and configure RAID

Install the desktop GUI components

   $ sudo apt update
   $ sudo apt install tasksel
   $ sudo tasksel install ubuntu-desktop
   $ reboot

If GUI does not start after the reboot:
$ sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target
$ reboot

Credit: https://linuxconfig.org/ubuntu-20-04-gui-installation


I wish to install Kubuntu 20.04.1 in dual boot with the already installed Ubuntu 18.04.1

Technically you can install any OS in dual boot, obviously to boot on it, that would require a bootloader entry on the computer boot menu (ie, when you press F8)
Using Gparted on a live usb (because mounted partitions like "/" cannot be moved if needed) I would build partitions prior to install.
Then during the install process, select MANUAL partitioning and map sdaX as ext4 to mount / AND select your EFI partition as efi partition (usually it is partition 1 or 2 - everything else is optionnal)
Normally Grub2 should be installed as default on Ubuntu, that would guarantees that ubuntu pops when pressiong the boot select key during computer's POST (usually F8 or F9 or even F11 key)
What you may encounter with Kubuntu has the label ubuntu in boot menu; You can totally edit this.
Your issue seems to be related to a missing EFI partition mount setup during kubuntu installation.
You can check your partitions with according mount points with sudo fdisk -l and lsblk
example on a nvme0n1 instead of sda:
NAME                       MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE   MOUNTPOINT
nvme0n1                    259:0    0 447,1G  0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1                259:1    0   529M  0 part
├─nvme0n1p2                259:2    0   100M  0 part   /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p3                259:3    0    16M  0 part
├─nvme0n1p4                259:4    0 342,5G  0 part
├─nvme0n1p5                259:5    0   100G  0 part   /
└─nvme0n1p6                259:6    0     4G  0 part   [SWAP]

Technically when you cannot boot but it is installed somewhere, you would have to boot on a live-usb then mount the drive and check what's wrong then fix it with fstab


How can I fix the missing /NST/AutoNeoGrub0.mbr error on Windows 8?

EasyBCD doesn't work with UEFI. Refer to their FAQ.

  Does EasyBCD have EFI support? No, not yet.

Refer instead to this question: Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI


What does 'Use OpenGl' do under Unity 2D?

For cards that support accelerated opengl such as NVidia, this setting will significantly improve performance when switching between viewports and other effects.

Some older cards do not support OpenGl - and as such this setting should be off.  With the setting off, the Raster engine is used - this is a software implementation of the viewport effects you see.

It didn't work in Oneiric - but a fix was released for 12.04.


Network unclaimed - 14.04 not loading the right drivers after freeze and hard shutdown

Solved running this:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-generic

After reboot everything was as before


This should work:
g++ test.cpp -o testexec `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtkmm-3.0`


Ubuntu 17.04 ubiquity claims not enough space to install

It appears that the problem is related to overhead in the structure of the .VDI disk image reducing the space available for data. According to an old post that I found here on how VDI files are structured:

All VDIs essentially have the same structure. The VDI has four sections:

1)    A Standard header descriptor [512 bytes]

2)    An image block map. If the (maximum) size of the virtual HDD is N MByte, then this map is 4N bytes long.

3)   Block alignment padding. The header format allows for padding between the image block map and the image blocks, and (as of version 1.6.2) the CreateVDI function adds padding after the map to ensure that the first image block begins on a 512byte sector boundary. Since the allocation unit on both NTFS and Ext3 file systems is 4096 bytes, you will therefore get slightly better performance (typically a few %) if you make your VDIs (1024N – 128) MByte long.

4)    Up to N x 1MByte image blocks.

So according to this, I'm losing 512 bytes for the header descriptor + 4x8600 bytes for the image block map (another 34,400 bytes) + padding to insure that we end up at a 512 byte sector boundary which by my calculations is another 416 bytes. This clearly puts me in excess of 35,000 bytes short of the minimum.


Turning off desktop integration in firefox

Cancel that, I was able to turn it off using the Unity Tweak tool.


Use intel chip on systems with two graphics chips

Have you looked in to Bumblebee? Ubuntu with hybrid-graphics is a pain to get setup, and usually doesn't work well. However, I think installing bumblebee would fix your problem. When you install it you can use optirun for any programs you want on the graphics card.


Is is possible to use two kernels at the same time?

You cannot use multiple kernels AT the same time. But you can have multiple kernels on your machine and chose in grub what kernel version you want to use.


Ubuntu updater offers upgrade to 17.10 on 32-bit machine

There are repositories for 32-bit versions of the software and the community flavours (Kubuntu, Lubuntu ... Xubuntu) are still offering 32-bit versions. It is only the 32-bit desktop iso files that are no longer provided.

This means that all the components for upgrading to 17.10 are available.

There is also a 32-bit (i386) Ubuntu mini.iso file, that you can find via the link

cdimages.ubuntu.com/netboot/artful/

The files is

archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/artful/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/mini.iso

The md5sum is found at

archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/artful/main/installer-i386/current/images/

In other words, it is possible to get 32-bit versions of Ubuntu 17.10.

See also the related link,

What will happen to i386 software since Ubuntu will drop support to i386 ISOs?


Does `xdotool key --delay` pause for specified delay between typing every two consecutive keys?

The manual indeed says

Delay between keystrokes. Default is 12ms.

This leads to expect that between each (simulated) press and release of a key, there will be a delay by the set value. The option, however, behaves rather as if the key is pressed during the period indicated by the delay, with no such delay in between different key presses. When the delay is long enough, autorepeat kicks in and the character is repeated.
To obtain the desired behavior where there is a pause between keypresses, one should rather use the sleep command:
xdotool sleep 1 key 9

9 will be pressed after one second. Two consecutive keypresses one second apart can be issued by
xdotool sleep 1 key 9 sleep 1 key 2

Alternatively, when working with bash scripts, a delay can be introduced using the bash sleep command between invocations of xdotool.
#!/bin/sh
sleep 1
xdotool key 9
sleep 1
xdotool key 2


How to make a script delete a directory after checking for its existence?

There's no point in testing if it exists or not, rm -rf already does that for you. If it exists, rm removes it. If it doesn't exist, rm considers the job already done, and just returns with success.

#!/usr/bin/env bash
rm -rf "$@"

Which also means there's not really any point in the script, since you can just run  rm -rf /some/dir instead of  scriptname /some/dir.


Updated from 14.04 to 14.10 and lost Internet access and USB port

PLAN 1

This is a primitive approach but it has worked for me.  I used this method again this past month when I mechanically wore out my last computer and it would not turn on. It was really broke.

I bought a HD adapter a few years ago that is good for both ATA and SATA and converts it to USB. It's sort of like a versatile USB enclosure without the box and just the cables.  Every family should have one of these useful devices.  They are very inexpensive and wonderful to have around.  It'll take a week to get it from Amazon.

Take out your HD.  Attach your HD through the cabling to another Ubuntu computer (same formatting). Then take all your data off the HD.  Since my last computer was toast, I had already bought a new computer and just transferred the data directly onto my new computer.  You will need an intermediate storage place for your data somewhere because you will be putting the HD back into your computer.

Put the HD back in your computer and re-install 14.10 on your computer. I'm betting it will be fine with a fresh install. Then take the data from the intermediate storage and move it back onto your computer.  If you have always wanted a larger HD on your computer, this would be a good time to order a new one because you are already re-installing 14.10.  Then you could actually buy a USB enclosure for your old drive and use it for data backup storage.

Even if some smart guy rescues your 14.10 installation and USB port you can't go wrong by getting one of these handy devices.

PLAN 2
Make an Ubuntu 14.10 USB Ubuntu boot disk.  I use Unetbootin.  Boot it through the BIOS and use it as a LiveCD USB.  They call it a "trial usage without install" or something like that.  This will give you basically a fresh install of Ubuntu 14.10 and your WiFi and USB ports should work fine.  Use this LiveCD to rescue your data onto an external device of some sort, ideally a HD in a USB case.  After you have taken the data off, continue with the LiveCD and use it to install 14.10.  Then move your data back.  This is a nice trick.

You could also take the time to make the USB disk a "persistent" install.  This means the install will remember what you have done to it and write changes to the USB disk.  A normal install disk only keeps it in memory and it is gone when you pull it out.  Now you have a usable version of Ubnutu 14.10 on a jump drive.  Keep it on your keychain sort of like a Swiss Army Knife.  You can get yourself out of tight spots with an "OS on a stick".

You can also have a personalized OS to use when you are on the move and boot into your own little Ubuntu version / desktop when you are out and about.  It runs a bit slow because of the slow speed of most user grade SD cards and of USB 2.0 ports but it works.  They say you should use at least a 4-8Gb for a "persistent" install whereas you need a minimum of only 2G for just an install disk.  In fact, if you used a large enough SD card you could download your data right onto the persistent disk and use that for intermediate storage.


It sounds like your user's shell has been set to something like /bin/false. If this is the case, here's one way to tell.

If you look in your /etc/passwd file, find the line with your username on it and examine the final argument (The text after the last :) this describes the path to your user's shell.

Typically this is set with the command chsh, but since you can't use the command line, try editing the /etc/passwd file as root and set the shell to /bin/bash

i.e. a line like this:

username:x:1001:1002::/home/username:/bin/false

would become

username:x:1001:1002::/home/username:/bin/bash

Now save the file, logout and log back in.


sudo vi /ect/network/interfaces brings up an empty file

Your command contains a typo. You typed ect:

sudo vi /ect/network/interfaces

You meant etc:

sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces

So vi tries to edit inside the ect directory which does not exist, so you get the [New DIRECTORY] prompt.

Your second command should have worked (no typo), but normally /etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to a file you should not edit by hand. You should have seen this on your screen, maybe with different values for nameserver and search:

# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
#     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
nameserver 127.0.1.1
search lan

You said you ended up with "the second part", which is quite simply a normal vi screen with an empty file. Maybe something else edited the file and left it empty?

Anyway, correct your typo, edit /etc/network/interfaces (copy/paste the full name of the file to avoid typos), and everything should be fine.


Ubuntu installer always crashes when it's time to reboot

It looks like you may have a memory hardware problem.

Go to http://www.memtest.org and download the free memory diagnostic and run at least one complete pass minimum.

Update:

The memory diagnostic seems to have passed OK.

Boot to the GRUB menu. Hit the e key to enter edit mode. Use the arrow keys to find the line that contains "quiet splash" and change it to read "quiet splash nomodeset". Then hit F10 to exit and continue the boot.

Once booted, open the Software & Updates app. Select the Additional Drivers tab, and click the button to enable the Nvidia graphic driver. Then reboot and you should be OK.


How to display window titles in Unity Super+W mode?

It has gotten a bit more difficult. The new procedure is:

Install compizconfig-settings-manager    and compiz-plugins    via the Sotware Center icons next to the package links or in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins

Open CompizConfig Settings Manager

Search for "Text" and enable the plugin

Search for "Scale", enable and open the plugin

In the Appearance Tab under Window Title select All Windows in the Dropdown


Is there a preferred way to set up a virtual Ubuntu server on a desktop?

For the sake of merely testing, a desktop virtualisation product like VirtualBox or VMWare would be the easiest way to get started. Installation is quite simple but I'd suggest you download the closed-source version of VirtualBox from their website.

From there it's just a case of running the server when you need it and it's just like using it on bare metal.

If you are looking for a long term solution, there are other options like KVM, OpenVZ and XEN. These are products used in the virtualisation industry on servers. The offer mildly better performance and lower overheads at the cost of setting it up.


Which Ubuntu version to install (12.04 or 13.04)

64 bit should be fine on that, if you have the Intel® Core™ i5-2450M processor as the specs advertised for your machine say (64 bit instruction set). 12.04 is entirely stable and I have no issues with it, I use the gnome desktop with it. I have open questions on 13.04, so I don't necessarily recommend it unless you have hardware that isn't found with earlier releases (Newer machines) My Lenovo R61i runs 12.04, this is my main machine. My Toshiba Tecra runs dual-boot Ubuntu 13.04/Mint 14.1, I use that one to research with answering questions from people I install for, as I install both Ubuntu and Mint for friends, depending on what they want, and help them get started using it...


Hosting my domain name in 12.04 web server

Depending on your environment, you'd have to add the desired domain name to your DNS server and configure it to point to your Ubuntu machine.


Installing Nvidia Nsight Eclipse edition on (K)ubuntu 20.10

I'm not sure this is the best way, but it worked:

download eclipse (cdt version) from eclipse.org
download the cuda package from nvidia.com (.run version)
the cuda runner contains an option to unpack its contents.
in cuda_nsight there is the eclipse plugin, it can be installed in the eclipse that i downloaded earlier

I don't think the result is the same as what i had before. Debugging cuda worked, i didn't try the profiler.


Text editor with tabs and syntax highlighting? Gedit alternative?

Geany

Geany is a small and lightweight integrated development environment.
It was developed to provide a small and fast IDE, which has only a few
dependencies from other packages. It is using only the GTK2 toolkit
and therefore you need only the GTK2 runtime libraries to run Geany.

As a long time Gedit user, I shifted to Geany last year as my main text editor, I found it the closest alternative.
I found Geany supports the features you require and comes with many more features and plugins available in Ubuntu than gedit.
I find the code completion, symbol browser, code folding and tree browser useful,  as well as having a more power find and replace tool as well as the ability to configure launching of command line tools from the menu.


How to fix "no installation candidate" error installing pessulus on Ubuntu 12.10?

It seems as though pessulus was dropped from Ubuntu due to compatibility issues with Gnome 3:

  Nanny, Pessulus and Sabayon haven't been ported to Gnome 3.0/dconf yet and were consequently dropped from the default installation.

This happened as early as Ubuntu 11.10. See here for a related bug report


LibreOffice Draw project file size fluctuates hugely

In the OpenOffice forum (OpenOffice is broadly similar to LibreOffice) https://forum.openoffice.org/en/forum/viewtopic.php?f=9&t=84228 there is a similar thread about file sizes which gives good information on possible reasons for what you are experiencing.

Essentially, it suggests that the system may be allocating extra space for the file based on the bit rate on your drive and/or maybe that you should get your drive checked for bad sectors as the system may be trying to save the data to a suspect area of your drive.

So, personally, I doubt it is a bug but just that your system is doing its job properly in protecting your data by writing it to disk areas which have good integrity.

But, just to be on the safe side, do remember that you are only as good as your last backup (and you can't have too many of them!) so regularly save your work perhaps to one of the many online/offsite data sources rather than commit valuable work to a potentially dodgy HD.


Q-Tec Webcam 100 (093a:2460) video quality is horrible at best

Running LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libv4l/v4l1compat.so skype should launch Skype with a fix for black webcam. You can also modify the launcher to do it automatically.

Also looking at this, it seems that your webcam isn't properly supported. You should have looked at that page before buying.


14.04.2 LTS booting to black tty screen after i was forced to hard restart

Ok that is good.  The talloc error sometimes is fixed as below.

sudo apt-get purge libpam-smbpass

It is related to pam authentication on Samba Shares

Now back to the other problems.  It appears that you may have a broken or misconfigured kernel.

Try:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get -f install

-f looks for missing dependencies

If all of that fails then reboot to recovery options on the grub screen and try an older kernel.


How can I properly run OpenAI gym with nvidia-docker and see the environments

I had this issue running running on an old version of gym and a newer version of gym[atari]. This is what my pong render() looked like

I was able to fix it by making sure I installed the latest version of both by running

pip install gym --upgrade
pip install gym[atari] --upgrade

Then it displayed correctly


The Ubuntu maintainers have some alpha-quality/unsupported gcc 7.2 packages that might work. Use at your own risk

$ gcc-7 -v
...
gcc version 7.2.0 (Ubuntu 7.2.0-1ubuntu1~16.04)
$

Install it (should work on Trusty to Zesty)

sudo env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive                                    \
     bash -c 'apt-get install -y python-software-properties lsb-release && \
            echo -e "Package: gcc-7\\nPin: release n=$(lsb_release -sc)\\nPin-Priority: 990" > /etc/apt/preferences.d/gcc-7 \
            apt-add-repository -yu ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test &&              \
            apt-get install -y gcc-7'

More resources, including compiling DIY

https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-toolchain-r/+archive/ubuntu/test
How do I install g++-7 on Ubuntu?
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CompilingEasyHowTo
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutoApt
https://solarianprogrammer.com/2016/10/07/building-gcc-ubuntu-linux/
http://eli.thegreenplace.net/2014/01/16/building-gcc-4-8-from-source-on-ubunu-12-04/
http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/8.1-systemd/chapter05/gcc-pass2.html
https://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/InstallingGCC


PHP exec() has write permission error despite write privilege

$ grep '^www' /etc/group
  www-data:x:33:
  www:x:1001:ubuntu

This clearly shows that www-data is not a member of the www group. Only ubuntu is member of www group.

Run

sudo usermod -a -G www www-data

to add www-data to www-group, and restart the webserver.


This method worked for me:

sudo dpkg -r --force-depends gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons

This will force removal extension, but updating the system will reinstall it and you will have to remove it again. Holding it with sudo apt-mark hold gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons seems to prevent updates from installing.


How can you animate a gif that goes back-and-forth instead of repeating?

You can just create a new GIF (here, animation.gif) from pic*.jpg.

Animating with a delay between frames of 0 and a back-and-forth that repeats for ever can be done with:

convert pic*.jpg -set delay 10 -reverse pic*.jpg -set delay 10 -loop 0 animation.gif

(assuming your jpgs are arranged in alphanumeric order).

obtained from here: http://www.noah.org/wiki/ImageMagick (not my site).


I think that happens because you have Java executable from one OpenJDK and the rest of binaries from Oracle. Purge one of them manually.


Try to set the second as a parent from the first too.

window2.set_transient_for(window1)
window2.set_modal(True)


using sed to find a match in a file and replace it with the content of other file

Your two json files are wrong.
In the first you must remove the final comma
[
{ "interval": 1, "expired": 3, "ignored": [ ".git", ".p4" ]},
{ "interval": 2, "expired": 4, "ignored": [ ".git", ".p4" ]}
]

In the last you must add square brackets and remove the last comma
[
{ "interval": 3, "expired": 3, "ignored": [ ".git", ".p4" ]},
{ "interval": 4, "expired": 4, "ignored": [ ".git", ".p4" ]}
]

Using jq on these two files and running
jq -sc add input01.json input02.json

you will have
[
{"interval":1,"expired":3,"ignored":[".git",".p4"]},
{"interval":2,"expired":4,"ignored":[".git",".p4"]},
{"interval":3,"expired":3,"ignored":[".git",".p4"]},
{"interval":4,"expired":4,"ignored":[".git",".p4"]}
]


In case of crashes you have to set Banshee up to create a debug log.
Short version from the link:

killall banshee

cd ~; banshee --debug 2>&1 | tee banshee-debug-log.txt

Reproduce your problem and exit banshee and attach the resulting banshee-debug-log.txt to your bug report.

There is also a faq on performance issues I wonder why there is a faq about this? Isn't this admitting it is not so good?)

And finally Banshee also uses bugzilla.


The official repos are a mess...

Installing Node and npm through the official repositories has always given me trouble. I suspect that this could be due to tools depending on node, when the actual command on Ubuntu is nodejs, which is why creating a symlink should work.  It worked for me in my quick test in a virtual machine, but since it didn't work for you, let's try something else...

So, install Node.JS a different way

I generally prefer to install Node on Ubuntu using NVM.  This avoids the issue of the node command not being defined on Ubuntu, and it avoids the permissions mess that requires using sudo to install npm modules.

Do the following to get back to a clean slate:

Remove any global modules you've installed with npm (instructions here):

sudo npm list -g --depth=0. | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' | awk -F '@' '{print $1}'  | sudo xargs npm remove -g

Remove symlinked node folder:

sudo rm /usr/bin/node

Uninstall the copies of nodejs and npm that you installed through Ubuntu's repositories:

sudo apt-get remove --purge nodejs npm

Clean up any other cruft:

sudo apt-get autoremove

At this point, which node, which nodejs, which npm, and which jshint should all return nothing.

Reinstall Node, skipping the official repositories

Grab the latest copy of NVM (you may need to sudo apt-get install curl first):

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.15.0/install.sh | bash

Tell your shell to use nvm

source ~/.nvm/nvm.sh

Then install a node version

nvm install 0.12 # or whatever the latest version is

And tell nvm which version of Node you want to use

nvm use 0.12

Now you should be able to run Node with the node command, you should be able to install modules globally without sudo, and you should end up with a working copy of jshint.

If you don't want to run nvm use v0.12 every time you start a new terminal session, you can add nvm use v to your ~/.bashrc. The v isn't special, it will just match v* and find the latest version. Alternatively you could hard-code a specific version.


Ubuntu 14.04: nvidia drivers cannot be installed

OK, it looks like the update server used (Taiwan) is not up-to-date, leading to unmet dependencies and other problems.

In order to fix that, I went to System Settings > Software & updates > Ubuntu Software and selected "Download from: Main server" (it was previously "Download from: Server for Taiwan")

The proprietary drivers can now be installed.


How to uninstall redundant python instance?

I found a way to uninstall it clearly.
Just found the .tar file again and make install it again, it will output what it is installing. And just delete all the files and folder shows in there.


How to change interval time in collectd?

Via Interval

from man collectd.conf

Interval Seconds
   Configures the interval in which to query the read plugins.
   Obviously smaller values lead to a higher system load produced by
   collectd, while higher values lead to more coarse statistics.

eg:

<LoadPlugin df>
    Interval 1
</LoadPlugin>


Help with "Exec=..." line for .desktop launcher - command works only in terminal

I feel both sorry and kind of embarrassed to tell you that the issue went away...

The whole reason for that nothing happened if started from the .desktop launcher was a typo in the script path, so that the Exec=... line pointed to a non-existent file.

I can only apologize to those who spent any of their time into this issue.


Text file processing: The first line having a variable value bigger than a specific number

awk '$1 == "abcd" && $2 > 1000 {print;exit}' yourfile


Wifi slows down if I connect with Bluetooth device on Ubuntu 14.10

There is one thing that might help, and that is to disable bluetooth coexistence in the iwlwifi module

sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi
sudo modprobe iwlwifi bt_coex_active=N

If it works, you can make it persistant with echo "options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=N" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

If it causes problems, just sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi

sudo modprobe iwlwifi


I found a solution by using: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/oneiric/man1/npm-completion.1.html

Specifically I took the following file: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages.gz/oneiric/man1/npm-completion.1.gz

And extracted it to:

/usr/share/npm/lib/utils/completion.sh

After restarting the console, npm in would complete to npm install!


As you are describing the problem, it seems to me, that the grub is installed to another drive (partition) than the current boot drive. You just need to change the boot partition using GRUB to the appropriate partition, so you will not need to press F9.

For example in gparted, you can set the boot flag on the graphical interface.


Lubuntu: "The specified directory is not valid"

I'm using Lubuntu 13.10. I removed three of the "default" subfolders in my home folder without any apparent ill-effect but see What happens if I delete the default folders in my home folder?.

I deleted the following folders:

/home/vasa1/Music
/home/vasa1/Templates
/home/vasa1/Videos

I edited ~/.config/users-dir.dir to comment out lines referring to the three subfolders
I edited /etc/xdg/user-dirs.conf to change the line with Enabled=True to Enabled=False
I edited  /etc/xdg/user-dirs.defaults to reflect the changes made to ~/.config/users-dir.dir

These changes persist after a reboot.


Get list of installed packages - from damaged partition

If you can mount the virtual disk enough to see the /var/lib/dpkg/ directory, you can tell dpkg to look there with the "--admindir" option.

dpkg --admindir=/mountpoint/var/lib/dpkg --list

The only file that is really needed is /var/lib/dpkg/status (or one of its backups). So you could copy that single file to an empty directory and point dpkg at that directory.


free:

  Displays the total amount of free and used physical and swap memory in the system, as well as the buffers and caches used by the kernel. The information is gathered by parsing  /proc/meminfo.

The  displayed  columns are:

total:
   - Total installed memory (MemTotal and SwapTotal in /proc/meminfo)
used:
   - Used memory (calculated as total - free - buffers - cache)
free:
   - Unused memory (MemFree and SwapFree in /proc/meminfo)
shared Memory:
   - used  (mostly) by tmpfs (Shmem in /proc/meminfo, available on kernels 2.6.32, displayed as zero if not available)
buffers:
   - Memory used by kernel buffers (Buffers in /proc/meminfo)
cache:
   - Memory used by the page cache and slabs (Cached and Slab in /proc/meminfo)
buff/cache: Sum of buffers and cache

Source: see man free


How do I disable the minimization effect?

Open the app called CompizConfig Settings Manager. Click here to install it, if you haven't already.

Then disable the "Animations" effect. You can access this setting quickly if you type "Animations" in the search field of CompizConfig Settings Manager.

Pro-tip: the app also permits you to increase the speed of the animation !

What are some of the issues with CCSM and why would I want to avoid it?


Something strange has happened to my Ubuntu 14.10

You could check out some of these:

Enabling window decorations made me disable unity plugin. No borders

How to set borders around windows in 14.04?

Unity missing? Can't see top or side panels

You can also look around here on the site for more questions (and solutions) on how to fix the window decorations or how to reset unity all together.

Good luck!


Problems resizing root filesystem with extended-partition, lvm, and snapshots on vm disk

After a lot of consternation :) I discovered my issue was related at least in part to snapshots (as mentioned, this is all in a VM).

the disk i'm attempting to modify is from a machine with snapshots
i mounted / attempted to resize the base/original .vdi, didn't do anything with the snapshots
the contents of that were literally a fresh install, so it wasn't apparent to me initially that the GUID i saw was actually the right disk but an old 'snapshot'.

to prove this out, i cloned the VM from virtualbox's snapshot UI, which gives the option to flatten it at the current state.

This appears to work (including no observed data corruption) so I'm back booted in the original svr vm, with the resized disk!

power down & clone the vm from whatever state/snapshot - including only 'current state` (which will flatten all snapshots)

I'm sure this is all possible on top of the snapshots; for me this was acceptable and took some variables out of the mix
note i have a dynamic disk.  Not sure if there are any differences for static (should be NO, but i haven't tested)

resize the resultant cloned & flattened vdi (eg no snapshots)

VboxManage.exe modifyhd <vdi> --resize 50000 #~50gb

connect that resized disk to a separate linux VM and boot up
unmount and remove the vg

the root fs I'm trying to resize is at /dev/mm-ubuntu16-svr-vg/root

call this /dev/MY_VG/root below

mount | grep 'VG'  then sudo umount <mountpoint> if it was mounted
sudo lvchange -an /dev/MY_VG  # remove the logical volume
sudo vgchange -an MY_VG # remove the volume group

resize the partition/volumn/and fs

sudo gparted & # proceed with normal resize

mine was an extended partition grow, then a grow on the lv
all the 'normal' instructions work here, in my quetions picture this is a resize (grow) /dev/sda2 followed by a resize (grow) on /dev/sda5

lvresize -l +100%FREE /dev/MY_VG/root
e2fsk -f /dev/MY_VG/root # resize2fs prompted me to run this cleanup
resize2fs /dev/MY_VG/root

Done!  while still in the other VM, mount and check capacity:

sudo vgchange -ay MY_VG && sudo lvchange -ay /dev/MY_VG # eg reverse of the remove
sudo mkdir <mountpoint>  &&  sudo mount /dev/MY_VG/root <mountpoint>
df -h  #  YAY shows ~50gb total !

And then shutting down, and booting into the original (well, the Cloned & flattened) vm, it boots and has the expected free space / 50gb root drive & filesystem.

hope this helps someone!


qemu and virtio-vga black screen in Android

instead of

qemu-system-x86_64 -drive media=cdrom,readonly,file=Downloads/android-x86_64-8.1-r3-k49.iso -drive if=virtio,id=disk0,cache=none,format=raw,aio=threads,file=android.img -machine ubuntu,accel=kvm -m 2048 -soundhw es1370 -boot menu=on -device virtio-vga,virgl=on -display gtk,gl=on

use

qemu-system-x86_64 -drive media=cdrom,readonly,file=Downloads/android-x86_64-8.1-r3-k49.iso -drive if=virtio,id=disk0,cache=none,format=raw,aio=threads,file=android.img -machine ubuntu,accel=kvm -m 2048 -soundhw es1370 -boot menu=on -device virtio-vga,virgl=on -display sdl,gl=on

you might need to use qemu-virgil package to get sdl support(or build from source.see this for reference)
Script i use for my android vm for reference.(it works like a charm)

qemu-system-x86_64 -boot c -enable-kvm -smp 3 -device virtio-vga,virgl=on  -net nic -net user,hostfwd=tcp::4444-:5555 -cpu host -soundhw es1370 -m 4096 -display sdl,gl=on -hda /home/username/Ntfs/Other/VDK/Android9.img


systemctl as user, not service manager of the system

You are using Ubuntu 16.04.  It does not run per-user instances of systemd.

Further reading

https://askubuntu.com/a/780747/43344
https://askubuntu.com/a/613814/43344
"New features in 16.10". Ubuntu 16.10 Release Notes. Canonical.


Trouble installing Ubuntu 13.10 on UEFI disk

I have three main suggestions:

Upgrade your firmware. You may have a buggy EFI that's causing problems. Sometimes upgrading will solve the problem; however, upgrading alone may not be sufficient -- you may need to jump through some extra hoops, like re-installing or doing the next two steps.
Boot an emergency system in EFI mode and run the Boot Repair tool. This can fix many such problems. You may need to use the advanced menu and select the option to back up the Windows boot loader file and copy GRUB in its place. (I realize you don't have Windows, but some EFIs are badly broken and look for its boot loader.)
Try my rEFInd boot manager. You can try the USB flash drive or CD-R version risk-free. If it works, install the Debian-package version in Ubuntu. If that works, you're done; but if not, boot into Linux using the CD-R or USB flash drive and then try using the alternative naming options.

You can try these things in any order that you like.


If you have a decent router, the PPPoE connection is (or should be) handled in the router and is stored in it, unaffected by power down resets. The connection to your computer becomes a VPN to the router (LAN). Very few routers (only very old ones) need the PPPoE to be reset for every computer or operating system. If they do, you have very little firewall protection between you and the web, in which case I'd recommend a new one, SMC, Netgear etc. ....
You can boot in windows and check the connection settings there, make a note of them including any passwords, then boot back into Ubuntu and make sure the connection is the same. Ubuntu nearly always finds the correct settings for a LAN entirely on its own, unlike some others!


I eventually got this working, but I'm still not completely sure what the problem was to begin with, so I'll list off the things I changed.

Instead of doing the software RAID through the installation software I did it with the Intel chipset options.

I ran into an issue where I couldn't install GRUB on the /boot because I had accidentally made that partition Logical instead of Primary, so I switched that.

I was using UNetBootin to create the bootable USB sticks and switched to Startup Disk Creator instead.

I switched from a 32gb USB stick to a 4gb USB stick for booting the Ubuntu and switched from Ubuntu Alternate to Ubuntu Desktop.

I still got the "No Video Mode Activated" error, but everything worked fine after these changes. I boot up to the decryption screen. Two boot options are in the BIOS though which is weird to me. They are "Ubuntu" and the name of my RAID. I need to choose Ubuntu for it to boot properly.


Ubuntu UEC moving to OpenStack: What to do about new installations for the next 6 months?

First, Justin, we'd love to have any help you can provide during Oneiric's development!

Its important to note the change means very little in terms of the mechanics of Ubuntu Server. In addition to this direction, a decision was made at UDS to drop all of the cloud components, and in fact, most of the "extra" server packages, from the Ubuntu Server CD ISO (the DVD image will still have everything). They will still be fully supported, but not shipped on the CD or available in the installer. Given that, the only thing that the OpenStack change means, is that anything we develop around private IaaS solutions, will focus on OpenStack.

Eucalyptus is still available, and will remain available as long as it meets the requirements for Ubuntu to keep supporting it. Eucalyptus, the company, has committed to bring 3.0 into Oneiric, which will bring with it the open sourcing of some features that were previously only available in their enterprise edition.

If you're going to be deploying something that you expect to live for more than 18 months (the supported lifetime of 11.04 and 11.10), I'd suggest using 10.04 as your platform, as it will receive security fixes until April of 2015. To contrast this, 11.10 will reach EOL in April of 2013. Likewise, unless you want to patch OpenStack yourself, you might want to consider Eucalyptus running on top of 10.04.


How do I get the source code for just the ext4 file system on a Windows machine?

Go to http://sourceforge.net/projects/e2fsprogs/files/e2fsprogs/ for the download.   Extract it with http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/bzip2.htm

http://www.bullopensource.org/ext4/files/ext4.txt may provide some useful insight, but if you don't want to reinvent the wheel and need ext4 on Windows try the http://www.paragon-software.com/home/extfs-windows/ Paragon ExtFS driver for Windows


Can't install Ubuntu 14.04 (64 bit) and 13.10 (64 bit) along-side Windows 7 and windows 8 from USB

Do not have enough rep to add comments

Please refer to this question here on a detailed guide on installing Ubuntu alongside Window's 8.

Now with the methods you have stated are all good and well, but you have not mentioned why you cannot install. Are you not able to get to the menu to install, does  it install and not recognize etc? If you'd like, have a look at this post on my blog- (or this phenomenal link) it should demonstrate an easy guide to dual-boot with Window's 8.

Now I am in no way, shape or form an expert on Linux (so the post I did is probably really incorrect), so I will re-inforce you read up on this answer and add more details on the issue you are having with your install. Sorry I could not comment, I know this isn't an "answer".


How to disable sticky edges in Ubuntu 14.04 (Ubuntu 13.10 and earlier had a Option for On/Off Mouse Stickiness)

Go to Displays and disable Sticky edges.


cannot find -lgsl when i trying to use arm-linux-gcc

It seems you didn't install libgsl in your system since path /home/peter/gsl is not a path where Ubuntu installs binaries. I can only suppose you have only downloaded sources of libgls from GNU server and did unpack them to /home/peter/gsl. This isn't a canonical way. You don't need to download libgsl manually, because Ubuntu already delivers thousands of libraries and tools in packages from its online repositories. To manage packages (download, install, and remove), you should use the apt-get tool.
UPD: As suggested in comments, you are trying to cross-compile your application to run on ARM platform. This requires some additional steps. I suppose that Linux distro installed on your ARM device is 32bit and is using armhf/hard-float ABI (btw, official Ubuntu doesn't provide soft-float binaries).
Add new architectures and online repositories to your Ubuntu:
REL=$(lsb_release -sc)
sudo dpkg --add-architecture armhf

sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ ${REL} main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ ${REL}-updates main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ ${REL}-security main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ ${REL}-restricted main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ ${REL}-backports main universe multiverse restricted"

sudo apt-get update

Now you can install tools for cross-compilation and ARM version of libgsl:
sudo apt-get install crossbuild-essential-armhf libgsl0-dev:armhf

Now you can try to compile your app:
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -o fft_test fft_test.c -lgsl -lgslcblas -lm

There are no -L parameters as all libgsl files are now reachable by the compiler from system folders.


Why do I have Wayland packages installed although my system is not using Wayland?

Thanks to Byte Commander and Eliah Kagan making suggestions in chat I was able to figure out  that these packages were installed as dependencies.
As suggested I simulated removing Wayland related packages... When I tried pretending to remove all Wayland-related packages...
apt remove '.*wayland.*' -s

the result looked apocalyptic, with a full-screen terminal full of packages being removed, including the entire ubuntu-mate-desktop metapackage and all its adjuncts, the xorg package (oops!) and marco (MATE's default window manager).
But just removing kwayland-data only seemed to remove a couple of other mysterious packages kwayland-integration and libkf5waylandclient5...
So as Eliah Kagan suggested I tried asking aptitude why I had these packages, for example
$ aptitude why kwayland-data
i   konsole              Depends    libkf5windowsystem5 (>= 4.96.0)
i A libkf5windowsystem5  Recommends kwayland-integration
i A kwayland-integration Depends    libkf5waylandclient5 (>= 4:5.27.0+p16.10+git20161029.2052)
i A libkf5waylandclient5 Depends    kwayland-data (= 4:5.38.0-0ubuntu1)

Ahh! That makes sense. I installed Konsole because other terminal emulators don't support CTL.
By asking aptitude why over and over like a persistent toddler, it's possible to find out why any particular package is required or has been installed, for example:
$ aptitude why libwayland-egl1-mesa
i   libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 Depends libwayland-egl1-mesa (>= 10.0.2) | libwayland-egl1
$ aptitude why libwayland-cursor0
i   libgtk-3-0 Depends libwayland-cursor0 (>= 1.9.91)
$ aptitude why libgtk-3-0
i   mate-utils Depends libgtk-3-0 (>= 3.16.2)
$ aptitude why mate-utils
i   ubuntu-mate-desktop Depends mate-utils

Simulating removal of packages like libgtk-3-0 (be careful not to actually remove them...) reveals more about the dependency structures in play.
Conclusion
I have these packages because other packages surprisingly depend on them. Some, such as kwayland-data, installed as a dependency of a dependency of a package recommended by a dependency of a non-essential package I installed myself, could be safely removed, but others, such as libwayland-egl1-mesa are dependencies of packages integral to my system, and removing them would be disastrous! With APT's --simulate or -s flag and aptitude we can safely investigate these matters.


How to reset my password in ubuntu 14.04

The user you are trying to install software with must be in the group "sudo" on a Ubuntu-system to be allowed to execute commands as root via sudo.

This is the case for the user created during installation but for any further user you need to explicitly grant administrative rights during creation.

If you did not, login with the adminstrative user and on a terminal, enter sudo usermod -a -G sudo [username].

If you lost the password for the probably only user with administrative rights, you can reset booting directly to /bin/bash. To achieve this, hold "shift" during boot. This will cause grub to display its menu. On the default entry, type e.

There should a line starting with linux similar to the following:

linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-37-generic root=UUID=4be10ae8-1a19-485a-a24a-bde836584090 ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff

At the end, append init=/bin/bash and remove quiet splash $vt_handoff so it looks like:

linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-37-generic root=UUID=4be10ae8-1a19-485a-a24a-bde836584090 ro init=/bin/bash

Then press Ctrl+X and your system will boot but instead of starting services like your graphical environment you will be dropped to a shell. You now need to mount / in read-write-mode as it is only mounted in read-only-mode and then you can set the new password for any user:

mount -o remount,rw /
passwd [username]
  [you'll be prompted to enter the new password twice]
sync
mount -o remount,ro /
reboot -f


Have you tried Windows 7 USB/DVD download tool under windows or wine?


IPtables command to block specific port for certain ip

Specify the port using --dport:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -s 10.10.10.10 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP #http
sudo iptables -A INPUT -s 10.10.10.10 -p tcp --dport 21 -j DROP #ftp


As it turns out, I have newer jdk in my system, so I downloaded and installed "any architecture" package (instead of X86) successfully.


How can i find that which file was copied from my pendrive last time?

Unfortunately, no; last access time is the only thing that can help you and it's not recorded by default on FAT filesystems (if you try with stat, you'll find a semi-fake number, based on last mount I think):

θ64° [romano:/media/romano/PEN8G] % stat present.pdf
  File: ‘present.pdf’
  Size: 291235      Blocks: 576        IO Block: 4096   regular file
Device: 821h/2081d  Inode: 1599        Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: ( 1153/  romano)   Gid: ( 1001/  romano)
Access: 2016-04-22 00:00:00.000000000 +0200
Modify: 2016-03-08 10:31:56.000000000 +0100
Change: 2016-03-10 11:05:26.000000000 +0100
 Birth: -

Seems that access has a 1-day granularity.

And no, there is no log of which device accessed your pen drive.

Anyhow, anyone that has copied your files can also have faked the last access time or whatever, so no, there is no way to safely say if the files have been read, copied or whatever.

Encryption is the only safe way to store things on pen drives.


Why do I have to 'buy' a free item in the Ubuntu Software Center?

Some applications in the software center are commercial, but free, rather than open source.  For commercial apps the process has you click through "buy" even though it's free. Some developers do this to avoid the long wait for open source applications (mine has been languishing since the end of September for example)


Lost Password, Problems with Downloading anything except simple thingls like word documents, prsentations and pictures

@user304781 - Can you login as yourself (not admin)?

If so, launch a terminal and sudo su and then passwd. Type the new password twice and remember the password.

Also, see How do I reset a lost administrative password?.


How can I use ZSH when I use sudo commands but not as default root shell?

I'm not a zsh user, but sudo zsh -c test1 is failing because the shell has not read your .zshrc file. Try this:

sudo zsh -ic test1

That should tell zsh that this is in interactive shell, so source the .zshrc file.


Yes of course you can, so long as they support booting from the installation media you have.


Installed Ubuntu Desktop using a partition on my extra HDD but Win8 keeps booting instead?

Found the problem!!

Out of the total 100GB partition I made, I used 2GB swap area and made another root partition for the rest of the space for Ext4. My problem was, at the drop down, to install the linux loader, I kept checking the sdb which is my HDD. But my windows 8 loader was on my sda.

Even though you want to put linux on a different hard drive than your other operating system, your loader has to be the same location as your original OS. In this case, my Win8 loader was in /dev/sda so I have to put my linux loader in sda. This has to be the same.

Sorry for the troubles, but thank you for the help!


Just make sure the service is running

systemctl status snapd.service

If not then run it

service snap start

You should be fine then
(if the service didn't start try with sudo)


I have installed keychain.

sudo apt-get install keychain

If you're running bash you need to add a few commands to your .bash_profile If you do not have a .bash_profile create one in your home folder. Add these lines:

### START-Keychain ###
# Let  re-use ssh-agent and/or gpg-agent between logins
/usr/bin/keychain $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa
source $HOME/.keychain/$HOSTNAME-sh
### End-Keychain ###

At the start of a work day I will login. When I open a terminal, I will be prompted once for my passphrase. For all other new terminals and connections I will not be asked for my passphrase again.


Multi-tab pdf reader and a way of opening pdfs in the same tab but not from within the app?

Yes there is a way:
for qpdfview:

copy /usr/share/applications/qpdfview.desktop to ~/.local/share/applications/qpdfview.desktop
edit ~/.local/share/applications/qpdfview.desktop so that the Exec line reads Exec=qpdfview --unique %f

for okular there might be a similar way yet i did not find one


How to configure an out of date system to install software with apt?

Use 18.04 sources.list:

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /home/user/sources.list.bk
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

Paste the repositories to it:

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse

Then update packages and install alpine:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install alpine

Alpine is installed and starts correctly:

$ alpine
Creating subdirectory "/home/spacer/mail" where Alpine will store
its mail folders.
Alpine finished -- Closed empty folder "INBOX"

user@ubuntu18:~$ cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.10
DISTRIB_CODENAME=cosmic
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.10"

Also, as FedonKadifeli suggested in comment, you could do the next:

  If you want to continue using an outdated release then edit
  /etc/apt/sources.list and change archive.ubuntu.com and
  security.ubuntu.com to old-releases.ubuntu.com

But it as it is actually didn't work for me.


Live USB ubuntu can only boot when deleting casper file

I had bad luck with the casper-rw  file too. For some reason I couldn't either boot my ubuntu usb with persistent changes nor mount it from within an installed ubuntu OS. It's something weird about my laptop hp 420 I guess, because my casper-rw file worked fine in other computers.

Anyway if you still want to boot it without persistent chances AND without deleting the casper-rw file, you can do that by deleting the "--quiet", "--splash" and "--persistent" arguments from the kernel parameters entry at the very start of the booting of ubuntu. I don't know to make those visible from USB isos created with other programs, but with unetbootin you do this by pressing tab after selecting your boot option.

Cheers.


How to run audio editing program razor after having installed it?

From my point of view, razor is not what you mean to use.

Description of what you have installed by typing apt-get install razor:

Vipul's Razor is a distributed, collaborative, spam detection and
filtering network. Razor establishes a distributed and constantly updating the catalog of spam in propagation...

For more information about razor use:
man razor-client or man razor-admin.

By searching the Internet, I found that there is no audio editing software with the title razor. So I recommend you to install an alternative audio editing software audacity by typing:

apt-get install audacity


I got an Error and my computer screen is twitching and all jumpy -Help?-

Try pressing ctrl+alt+f1, logging in as your user, and running sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade && sudo apt-get install -f. You can get back to the GUI by pressing ctrl+alt+f7


How can I split a line in 2 by words/characters? (Bash) (Regex)

You didn't give much more information so I'm assuming you have your string in a variable called YOUR_STRING. This can easily be adapted to process files and whatnot.

First determine half the length of your string, and add 1 (otherwise you end up with 3 lines and not 2):

CHARS=$((`echo $YOUR_STRING | wc -c` /2 + 1))

Next, use the fold command to wrap your text:

echo $YOUR_STRING | fold -sw $CHARS

Result:

Hello Hello Hi Hello
Hello Hi Hi Hi Hi Hello

See man fold for more information.


Turn on Wi-Fi hotspot using command line on Ubuntu 18.04

Based on @PRATAP's answer:

nmcli connection up <SSID>

Where <SSID> is likely Hotspot (can check this by running nm-connection-editor or going to Settings > Wi-Fi > (settings icon) > Connect to Hidden Wi-Fi Network... > Connection).

nmcli connection up/down also works for normal (non-hotspot) networks.


Auto mount, and change mount points on login

Sudodus' answer is perfect if you have multiple partitions.

If you have one partition for all the projects, then you need symlinks.
A symlink is a file that points the system to a folder somewhere else.
This causes the system to behave as if the folder was actually in the location of the link.

First create an automatic mount for the partition as sudodus described.
Then make a symlink from each project folder to the appropriate user's home directory.

ln -s /mnt/partition/folder ~/

The partition will need to be writable by everyone, but the individual project folders can be limited to the appropriate user.


How to abort a stuck command in ubuntu server?

CTRL+C will send SIGINT to the application. The application can configure a handler for this signal or it can ignore the signal. By default there is no handler and SIGINT will kill the application.

You can use CTRL+\ which will send SIGQUIT. This will also generate a core dump if the core limit is not zero.

You can suspend the process and return to shell with CTRL+Z, this will stop the execution of the process and return to the shell prompt. The process will be in memory and it will be available as a job in the current shell. You can then use kill -SIGNAL %% or kill -SIGNAL %<job_ID> to send a signal to that job. E.g. to kill the last job use kill -9 %%

If none of them are working you can always send SIGTERM, then, as last resort, SIGKILL which will terminate any process. This signal as any other signals must be sent as the same user as the process you are trying to stop or as root. To send SIGKILL to process, first find the process with ps aux or ps -edf, then run kill -SIGKILL <process_ID>, where the <process_ID> is the PID column in ps output.

The signals can not be delivered if the process is in an uninterruptible call. Uninterruptible calls are kernel functions that can not be stopped and usually happen because of a bad driver (e.g. a driver that is not reentrant). A process that is in uninterruptible sleep can not be stopped until the call gets completed or the server is rebooted.

If a process becomes a zombie, it will not use any resources only taking space in the process table. A zombie process can not receive signals.

The list of signals for the current architecture can be found with kill -l

See the man pages of kill, ps and bash. To see a man page use something like: man ps


Ubuntu 19.04 grub error: relocation 0x0 is not implemented yet

I'm answering my own question (even though this is a bit stupid) since I just found a solution myself and I want to share it to help others.

I entered live system with a live usb and tried grub repair tool following this instruction. Then, I can boot into my system correctly even though a few new options appear in my grub menu. Still not sure what caused the problem. Please tell me if you have any idea.

Thanks to @Marmayogi for helping me.


You can try start system in recovery mode:

How can I start in safe mode?

Also, if you don`t mind , you might install gnome-session , for example:

sudo apt-get install cairo-dock

and change session to login


In GIMP, how do I make part of image transparent manually?

In GIMP layers can either have an alpha channel or have no alpha channel. When you try erasing parts of an image when there's no alpha channel you get backround color.

To add an alpha channel you can bring up the Layers dialog by pressing Ctrl+L, right-click on the layer you want to edit and select Add Alpha Channel there.

From there everything is very much like in Photoshop - i.e. Eraser tool erases to transparency, you can make a selection (using, for example, Magic Wand tool) and erase everything in it by pressing Del, etc.


How to install and configure Yate Server?

To install Yate type the following in terminal

apt-get install yate php5-cli

The easiest way to run Yate and debug, during setup is:

yate -vvvv

If you want the learn more click here


How do I get openldap password policy to work on 12.04 or 14.04?

My ppolicy setup is similar to your configuration and it works for me. I think that it all depends on how you test your password policy.

I have tested it by using:

(user11's password is being changed):

ldappasswd -x -h ubuntu-vostro -D "cn=user11,ou=Users,dc=yourdomain,dc=net" -W -S  "cn=user11,ou=Users,dc=yourdomain,dc=net"
(note -D "cn=user11...")
phpLdapAdmin, logged in as user11, purged cache, changed password
self-service-password (the php script that is running on the apache2 server), logged in as user11.
Make sure that in the config.inc.php you have $who_change_password = "user"; (not "manager").

It looks like rootdn (manager/admin) bypasses all the password policies so if you use the rootdn (%ADMIN%) account for the user's password changing you will not see your pwdMinLength policy enforced.

You can enable openLDAP monitoring and run this command to make sure that your ppolicy overlay is properly loaded:
ldapsearch -x -D dc=yourdomain,dc=net -w  -b 'cn=Overlays,cn=Monitor' -s base '(objectClass=)' '' '+