Cannot install Virtual box any version on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

4.2.0-c9 kernel don't come in packages in Ubuntu. If you install this kernel from sources, then you need the kernel headers installed manually in /usr/src/linux-headers-4.2.0-c9 (and pray...)

My recommendation is that install the kernel from lts-wily with:

  sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic-lts-wily linux-headers-generic-lts-wily build-essential

don't forget, reboot after install the new kernel, ensure that you are with the new kernel, if you installed correctly the new kernel, must appear in grub menu before boot, choose this, and now, you continue with your virtualbox install.


this may work ... you could try to edit your /etc/fancontrol file changing all the values for the specific pwm MINSTART, MINSTOP, MINPWM to all the same values  .. that should make it a set speed. You may have to change MAXTEMP to a very high value so it doesn't try to spin up  higher then the min values. you will probably have to restart it for the changes to take effect


Renaming multiple directories adding string after pattern

Use &(name):

rename 's/.*-..-../&(name) /' *

& refers to the entire text matched by the expression, so instead of replacing it with just (name), you're replacing it with itself and (name).


Change the Keyboard Layout Handler item image indicator in the LXDE panel

I figured it out. It's a workaround as I still think it's a weird behaviour to display the keyboard model family instead of the layout code.

You have to go to this folder /usr/share/lxpanel/images/xkb-flags-cust and create a macintosh.png image.
In my case, I used a link to fr.png to avoid creating a new image.

sudo ln -s fr.png macintosh.png

You can do the same in the folder /usr/share/lxpanel/images/xkb-flags (that's when you prefer to dispplay the flags in the keyboard layout indicator).


If you don't have a mouse available, better pipe that command output to less (the more modern version of more):
dpkg -i | less

This is made for keyboard use, unlike those graphical terminals' scroll bars.
See man less for all the key combinations. Most important: Space bar (next), PgUp, PgDn, Home, End.


Chrome desktop notifications use notify-osd?

Yeah: Chromify-OSD.

This can be installed from the Google Chrome Web Store.

To install it, just go to the webstore and click the "Add to Chrome" button - it'll do the rest.

To use it, you'll probably need to restart Chrome, at that point it should be working.

All bugs should be reported to the launchpad.net project page - for more on reporting bugs, take a look at this question: How do I report a bug?


Wi-Fi stopped working on Ubuntu 18.10 with Linux 4.18.0-12

We found, by investigation, that secure boot was turned on in your BIOS but that turning it off restored the wireless.

In the standard Ubuntu installation, all modules are supposed to be signed, therefor satifying secure boot. It appears that r8822be is either not signed or is improperly signed. I suggest that you register and file a bug report: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu


Is it possible to assign a keyboard shortcut to minimize a window?

Ctrl+Super+⇩ pressed once will exit the maximized mode, then on the second press - minimize it


vim NERDTree | Auto fresh the directory pane

For anyone seeing this on 2016, this worked for me:

autocmd CursorHold,CursorHoldI * call NERDTreeFocus() | call g:NERDTree.ForCurrentTab().getRoot().refresh() | call g:NERDTree.ForCurrentTab().render() | wincmd w

Enjoy!


You're booting from the usb, and the Ubuntu iso is in sdb1? Or if you're using an actual cd things may be different, but for all on the usb:

Apparently Ubuntu may use an existing casper-rw file on the "main" partition (sdb1) first, did you try renaming or deleting the casper-rw file (after backing it up or any data on it you want) and then rebooting? Then it should try using the casper-rw partition.

I expected you'd have to edit some boot parameters to tell Ubuntu which casper-rw to use, like if you wanted to have it on a hard drive or other external drive, but I didn't find any ways to do that (yet), anyone else know?


The file manager (Nautilus, by default) uses the MIME type of a file to determine which program to open it with.
When an application is installed, it can specify what MIME types it can open and the command to use to open the files in the .desktop file which is placed in /usr/share/applications. This is the file used for menus, desktop shortcuts, etc.
For example, GIMP has the following .desktop file:
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=GNU Image Manipulation Program
GenericName=Image Editor
Comment=Create images and edit photographs
Exec=gimp-2.7 %U
TryExec=gimp-2.7
Icon=gimp
Terminal=false
Categories=Graphics;2DGraphics;RasterGraphics;GTK;
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Bugzilla=GNOME
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Product=GIMP
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Component=General
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Version=2.7.2
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-OtherBinaries=gimp-2.7
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=application/postscript;application/pdf;image/bmp;image/g3fax;image/gif;image/x-fits;image/pcx;image/x-portable-anymap;image/x-portable-bitmap;image/x-portable-graymap;image/x-portable-pixmap;image/x-psd;image/x-sgi;image/x-tga;image/x-xbitmap;image/x-xwindowdump;image/x-xcf;image/x-compressed-xcf;image/tiff;image/jpeg;image/x-psp;image/png;image/x-icon;image/x-xpixmap;image/svg+xml;application/pdf;image/x-wmf;image/jp2;image/jpeg2000;image/jpx;image/x-xcursor;

See the MimeType field - this lists the supported MIME types.The Exec field tells the system to use the command gimp-2.7 %U, replacing '%U' with the files to open. (Note GIMP 2.7 is a version I have installed from a PPA, so is higher than the current version in the Ubuntu repositories).
When the application package is installed, the system extracts this MIME type data into a more easily accessible database because looking in each .desktop file would take too long if it was done every time a file was opened.
This tells the system what applications can be used for that MIME type and provides the applications in the 'Open With' list. The default is defined elsewhere. The file /usr/share/applications/defaults.list provides the information for the system defaults. Unless you choose otherwise, these are the applications used when you 'Open' a file.


Adjusting brightness on Dell Vostro 3500 won't work

i have same problem on dell vostro 3500 and solution from this question helped me to fix brightness bug: Screen brightness not changing on Acer 5742 notebook

The complete solution is:

edit /etc/Xorg/xorg.conf to add the
following line in Section "Device":

Option "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1"

edit /etc/default/grub to change the
line into:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_osi=Linux"

run the command:

sudo update-grub

reboot


Ubuntu Phone o Ubuntu Touch for LG-E615 ......How?

A phone is not a computer (yet), so the first thing that you have to do is port the system, following the appropriate guide.

It might not be easy, if even not impossible, for your old device, mainly because of the CPU. Ubuntu on smartphones needs at least ARM-A7 and 1 GB of RAM.


Lubuntu: After log in hangs. Need to backup and save my files

Enter Virtual Terminal (use Ctrl+Alt+F2 shortcut).

Log in to your account.

Plug in your pendrive (or if you have another partition for data, just do nothing).

Detect the number of your partition. You can get labels of partitions by issuing sudo blkid command.

Mount your desired partition:
mkdir $HOME/rescue && sudo mount /dev/sd[letter of drive][number of parttion] $HOME/rescue

Copy your files:
cp -Rv directory $HOME/rescue


Ubuntu 15.10 - some mouse events register only after movement or 1 second delay

Semi-solution to this issue: Disabling the proprietary ATI drivers and reverting to the default ("X.Org X Server -- AMD/ATI display driver wrapper...") driver solved the issue. The system and the graphics around the GUI is now much smoother.


You can find the .deb files of packages that you have installed in the folder /var/cache/apt.

If you had another Ubuntu machine with the same version, you could copy over the contents of /var/cache/apt to that machine and then try to run sudo apt-get install packagename and it would try to pull them from the apt cache. I would definitely not recommend this unless you are using the same version of Ubuntu on both machines.


You don't need a script for doing this. A simple command is enough:

egrep -n "^.{$(wc -L < filename)}$" filename

This will work even when you have two or more lines with the same maximum length.

If you want that the output to be exactly in this form: 3 -> abracadabra, then use:

egrep -n "^.{$(wc -L < filename)}$" filename | sed 's/:/ -> /'

References:

Longest line in a file
Find the line number where a specific word appears with "grep"


New user. Can't install updates because I don't know the pass word

The authentication password is your own password.

You can change it in system preferences or using passwd.


Impossible to install qgis 2.18 on ubuntu 16.10?

Here is a slightly fuller answer. Add the sources to your /etc/apt/sources.list file by entering the following text on the command line in a terminal window:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

(I know there are cleaner ways to do that, but gksu is not working on my system for some reason.)
This pops open a text window in gedit with all the software package repository addresses in it. Do not change anything else in this file; at the very bottom just add:

deb http://qgis.org/debian yakkety main
deb-src http://qgis.org/debian yakkety main

Now do the update command (below), but know that it will fail the first time:

sudo apt update

Around the 5th line, my terminal returned an ERR and said the public key for this archive was unavailable. However, it also gave the number of that 'unavailable' public key in the error message: 073D307A618E5811. Thus, we can manually enter the pub_key and get this all to work:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key CAEB3DC3BDF7FB45

Now you can do:

sudo apt update

...again, and the repository should update successfully. At this point you could just install the latest versions of qgis and python via the following:

sudo apt install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass

...or you could update all the files that become upgradable with this update of the package repository.


You need the correct option for the x264 library. I think its
resize:[width,height]
Take a look at the x264 options page
Seems like it works via command line because it is not using the preset options of x264. When using the preset, s=resolution is not recognized.
ffmpeg -i input.mov -vcodec libx264 -acodec copy -s 716x402 output.flv
is different from
ffmpeg -i input.mov -vcodec libx264 -acodec copy -vpre "YOUR PRE FILE" output.flv
where -s in the first line is an option of the ffmpeg while in the second line,  -s is trying to be used as a x264 option.


Can't play live YouTube videos on Ubuntu 20.04

Had the same problem.
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg


Wifi with question mark only, it stopped working in ubuntu 17.10

I've encountered the same issue all night, and what seems to do this is connecting to multiple VPN/proxies. I just erased the system and installed it again.


How can I assign actions to all my mouse buttons?

I have a MX Anywhere "M-R0001"

I use my forward and Back buttons as Copy and Paste.

Steps:
1) All buttons are detected with last kernel... at least with

uname -a

3.8.0-25-generic #37-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 6 20:47:07 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2) So, basically, you only need to map those buttons with desired actions. How to know with button is pressed and the correspondent numeric code? Well, you can use the 'xev' program:

xev

This program is a key and mouse events sniffer. When it's running, you can see a window in which you can press mouse buttons and see if they are detected. For example, with the zoom button of the Performance MX you will see something like that:

ButtonPress event, serial 35, synthetic NO, window 0x5800001,
    root 0x15a, subw 0x0, time 64521438, (84,117), root88,144),
    state 0x10, button 13, same_screen YES

that means that 13 is the code for that mouse button. You can try every mouse buttons on your hand  ... for easy access, here is the map for Performance MX:

Back button: 8
Forward button: 9
Zoom button: 13
Show windows button: 10

the other buttons are well recognized and you don't need to map to actions.

3) Now, you need to install a little program to re-map mouse and keyboard inputs. The magician is 'xbindkeys' ... the easy installation is using:

sudo apt-get install xbindkeys

4) Once installed, you can do the magic. The idea is configure the mouse buttons to send key combinations to activate other desktop functionalities (as the matter of fact, xbindkeys can be used for execute any other program when you press a mouse button). In KDE you can do that with Ctrl+F10 keys combination. The point is create a xbindkeys' configuration file to do the job.

5) To create the configuration file, just run the following command:

xbindkeys --defaults > $HOME/.xbindkeysrc

6) And we need to edit the file to specify your button's mapping:

gedit $HOME/.xbindkeysrc

7) We need to add our button-to-key configurations. For example, I have the following:

# Back changed to Copy
"xte 'keydown Control_L' 'key C' 'keyup Control_L'"
  b:8

# Forward
"xte 'keydown Alt_L' 'key Right' 'keyup Alt_L'"
  b:9

# Present desktops
"xte 'keydown Control_L' 'key F8' 'keyup Control_L'"
  b:13

# Present windows
"xte 'keydown Control_L' 'key F10' 'keyup Control_L'"
  b:10

8) There was a new requirement. the 'xte' program, which basically simulates user key press combinations. Install it using:

sudo apt-get install xautomation

Now, if you run on a terminal something like:

xte 'keydown Control_L' 'key F10' 'keyup Control_L'

that means simulate a Ctrl+F10 keypress. The idea is using xbindkeys to say: "when I press 13th mouse button, send a Ctrl+F10 keyboard press using xte program to generate that"

9) And finally, you need to configure 'xbindkeys' to run automatically on system startup. Startup Applications / Add program button and type '/usr/bin/xbindkeys' on the dialog.

DONE


Gdebi worked for me

Gdebi is a .deb package installer, that serves as an alternative to Software Center for this specific task I.e, installing .deb files.

All you need to do is install it and open your .deb files through it

To install gdebi copy and paste the command below in your terminal.

sudo apt-get install gdebi

For future use make sure to set it as default until an update fixes the issue with Software Center.

Fix has been released for this bug


How to activate keybindings for GTKInspector?

Well, the schemas for that section are in the package libgtk-3-dev so make sure that that is installed with:

sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev

And then if that is already installed, or installing that does not help you will need to manually load the schemas with:

sudo glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/

This command should be run upon installing that package, so the fact that it did not is likely to be a bug with something in the gnome3/gnome3-staging PPA as the package in the standard repositories is fine and there is no problem with it.

And now that you have the org.gtk.Settings.Debug section you should now be able to run this command without error:

gsettings set org.gtk.Settings.Debug enable-inspector-keybinding true

And the keyboard shortcuts should now work.


Changing the torrent programm for magnet URL

A few things from this thread:

Chromium - or any other browser - doesn't choose which application to use for launching any external application. It relies on the OS for that.

You can use gvfs-mime to reconfigure it again if you need to change your previous setting

gvfs-mime --set x-scheme-handler/magnet KTorrent.desktop

NB: KTorrent must be available. For me I use deluge so my command uses deluge.desktop which was available in /usr/share/applications/

Hope this helps out.


8Bitdo SN30 Pro, does it work with linux

Did you plug it via usb wire and update firmware by fwupdmgr tool?

https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2016/08/update-8bitdo-firmware-linux

https://github.com/hughsie

https://fwupd.org/users


Some packages failed to repair after reinstalling 12.10

Try using the following commands (one at a time) in a terminal :

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f


It appears that openjdk doesn't support the JMF, which is required in order to play videos. This following script from here installs sun's java and fixes the problem.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer


No normal German keyboard layout in (K)ubuntu 16.04 LTS

I see the same on Kubuntu 16.10; it's apparently a KDE bug.

The way around it is to set Limit selection by language to All languages before selecting the layout. Then you'll see multiple German options including the "normal" one.


nvidia-settings error: nvidia driver not in use

As you have said your system has optimus technology enabled.  Normal drivers of nvidia doesn't work here. You need to install "Bumblebee"

I am deducing that you have already installed it as you said you can run nvidia-settings.  If not you need to install it . If you tried some other solution like old ironhide that I would suggest to have fresh install.

For more information to know why optimus enabled laptop all these things read the links below.

A multi monitor setup guide is available for bumblebee. Which can be found over here
https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/wiki/Multi-monitor-setup

More readings,

https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/wiki

How well will Nvidia Optimus cards be supported in 12.04?

Can't use nvidia card/driver on optimus notebook

Is a NVIDIA GeForce with Optimus Technology supported by Ubuntu?


install drivers Ubuntu 20.04 LTS on MacBookPro

For wireless, it depends on the wireless driver you have. Mine is a BCM4322.  Here is what I did to get wireless working. If you run the command:
lspci

you'll get a long readout and at the very bottom it should list your network controllers. If you have Broadcom, the following should work.
First, you need to be connected.  I have ethernet, so I plugged in.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get --reinstall install bcmvl-kernel-source

I had my setting page open and wireless popped up right after that.


It used to be that /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf had some configuration in it. This is not longer true in Ubuntu 14.04. Old guides assumed the presence of some configuration in it. Now you need to add a SeatDefaults section if you wish to use that method:

[SeatDefaults]
allow-guest=false


Linux- split large files in smaller chunks and append .txt to the smaller pieces

In my case, either way doesn't work.
So, I just put the code for changing it.

split -dl 10000 "/root/Dumps/" "/root/Dumps/split/new; for input in new*;
do mv $input ${input}.txt;done


WIfi Issues with Macbook Pro Retina Early 2015 (12,2) on Ubuntu 15.04

Uninstall your previous attempted:dpkg -r bcmwl-kernel-source
Downloaded the brcmfmac43602 firmware from the Linux firmware git repo.
Create the folder /lib/firmware/brcm if it doesn't already exist.
Copy the file to /lib/firmware/brcm
Reboot and enjoy your WiFi.

Notes

You might have to run apt-get update and apt-get upgrade.

I have a simple USB to Ethernet adapter from Moshi that works out of the box, but in your case you could always add the driver to the SD card. Add a small FAT32 (using GParted) or exFAT partition (make free space using GParted and format exFAT with OS X Disk Utility) on your SD card to make sharing files between OS X and Ubuntu easy.

For exFAT you might need apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils before you can mount it.

Source: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2270831


How do I share links to album in the U1 music store?

Unfortunately, there isn't currently a way to do this. We used to have a feature in the plug-in for Rhythmbox, to share a link directly via Gwibber, but due to time and other constraints, we had to remove the feature while porting the plug-in to the new version of Rhythmbox, and all the related newer APIs.

Perhaps it is something we can bring back in Ubuntu 12.10 though. I do have a few ideas about how we could make it better than it used to be.


Hi and welcome to AskUbuntu!
Yes, it works. You can only boot into Windows or Linux at a time, so they don't have to share the 2GB RAM. But you will need to split your HDD into 2 partitions (the Ubuntu installer will do guide you with this).


What happens to dependent Debian packages when you upgrade a Debian package?

From what I have experienced not what i have read.

  However, when you break A, then B is broken too since A depends on it. So my question is does dpkg have any built-in way to deal with this situation?

Yes, it will try to reinstall or reconfigure A on next run.

If it was just interrupted, it will fix that and continue working as normal.
But it's a problem with control scripts, it will fail again and again and it stay in this loop. Then it's a bug and report would be filled against that package and a manual fix is required.

  Does B's install status change depending on A's status?

No, the status stay as Installed no change, but it does keep track of broken dependency too, at least not in the same file /var/lib/dpkg/status.

  If dpkg doesn't handle this situation intelligently, does apt?

No, APT does not interfere in this case. apt uses dpkg, dpkg is the lower level tool and it is the only tool that actually install, build, remove Debian packages.

Let's try it, better it is done in a virtualbox.

Prepare dummy packages

~$ sudo apt install equivs
~$ mkdir deleteme
~$ cd deleteme

B 1.0.0 depends on A

~/deleteme$ equivs-control b0
~/deleteme$ nano b0
...
Package: b
Version: 1.0.0
...
Depends: a
...
~/deleteme$ equivs-build b0

A 1.0.0 clean install & remove

~/deleteme$ equivs-control a0
~/deleteme$ nano a0
...
Package: a
Version: 1.0.0
...
~/deleteme$ equivs-build a0

A 1.0.1 dirty install, but clean remove

~/deleteme$ cp a0 a1
~/deleteme$ nano a1
...
Package: a
Version: 1.0.1
...
Postinst: a1.postinst
...

~/deleteme$ nano a1.postinst

#!/bin/sh
exit 1

~/deleteme$ equivs-build a1

Now, you should have:

~/deleteme$ ls -1
a0
a1
a_1.0.0_all.deb
a_1.0.1_all.deb
a1.postinst
b0
b_1.0.0_all.deb

Try this scenario

sudo su

dpkg -i b_1.0.0_all.deb
dpkg --audit
dpkg -i a_1.0.0_all.deb
dpkg --audit
dpkg --configure -a
dpkg --audit
dpkg --remove a
dpkg --remove b
dpkg --remove a

dpkg -i a_1.0.0_all.deb
dpkg -i b_1.0.0_all.deb
dpkg --audit
dpkg -i a_1.0.1_all.deb
dpkg --audit
dpkg --remove a
apt purge a

To get in a loop where you can't complete installation neither remove it.

Create clean A 1.0.1, B 1.0.0 but A 1.0.0 with a Prerm: script that contains exit 1. So when you try to install A 1.0.1, dpkg will fail to remove A 1.0.0 .


Chinese doesn't display in Ubuntu with Chromebook Pixel

Check out this. Its the latest.

http://chromeos-cr48.blogspot.com/2013/05/chrubuntu-one-script-to-rule-them-all_31.html

I donated to the writers paypal.


Problem using Nvidia Driver in Ubuntu 16

Yes indeed you can boot without X.

From the GRUB menu , press E to open the config editor, and put a 3 at the end of the line beginning with the linux command. It should look something like this:

linux /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.0-46 root=SOME_UUID ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff 3

Then press Ctrl+X to boot. After booting up, enter your username and password and from the shell and either enter

sudo apt remove nvidia-driver-"your_driver_version"

if you've installed it via apt or

your_nvidia_installer.run --uninstall"

if you've installed it via the official .run package from Nvidia. Reboot to see if it got solved.


Open a terminal

sudo passwd username

It wasn't removed. Pic is worth 1000 words.

Click where it says account disabled and you will get prompted for the password.


Installation doesn't detect existing partitions

Looking at the fdisk output you only have one partition on /dev/sda and I assume you wish to install Ubuntu there.

Can you boot into either version of Windows installed on the drives? have you created a partition using the Windows built in partition tool?

I would have a VERY GOOD read through the instructions on this site.

Your best bet is to follow the instructions for Graphical Install B or C - depending on which you are more comfortable with GParted or the buit in partion tool on the Ubuntu live CD.

Basically I would boot into the live CD environment and choose the last option 'Something else' and progress from there.


It looks to me that there is a serious bug in libgobject. If you search for "segfault", you will see that just after nautilus crashes the machine stops and after few lines, time starts at 0 again as you reset your machine.

nautilus[1634]: segfault at 20 ip 004dfddf sp bfeb2ab0 error 4 in libgobject-2.0.so.0.2600.0[4b3000+40000]
Dec 12 19:33:29 Hyperion kernel: Kernel logging (proc) stopped.

You should report a bug with command ubuntu-bug ubuntu-desktop and include kern.log in the report.


Since you're using a older version of flash I hope that would be the problem.

Any browser other than Google-Chrome doesn't use latest version of flash in Linux. I don't know why Adobe is not releasing latest version of flash for Linux type system, but there is a way to get latest version of flash by using Google-Chrome.

As the main site of Adobe says, the latest version of flash player is 11.9.x for OS like Windows and Mac, but for Linux and Solaris, it is version 11.2.x only :(

You can also check the version of flash you are using by opening adobe's site. Try to open the site using different browsers. You'll get that while using Chrome, it is different.

It would give information as shown below:

(source: akamaihd.net)

Although I'm not using latest version of Chrome.

I can understand your problem and know you pain. But it will not cost any thing if you just give it a try. Who knows that would be your solution.


Why is the file being emptied during input/output redirection to the same file?

>test_file

Truncates the file. then you read a blank file and write nothing back to it.
Use sponge if you don't want to create a new file.
tr 't' 'T' <test_file | sponge test_file

There is also a nice answer at superuser addressing this question: Why does redirecting the output of a file to itself produce a blank file?
PS: I Supposed you are running Ubuntu on a mac.


Why Does Ubuntu Keep Shutting Down When I Type Quickly?

I had the exact same problem on Asus ROG strix G713QR with Ubuntu 21.04. Did not have it with Windows or Live USB either. Following worked for me:
Settings -> Power -> Suspend & Power Button -> Power Button Behavior -> [Nothing]
Worth to note: You can partially eliminate the problem with the solution above, but the root of the problem will still be there. I have discovered that my system somehow triggers the power button behaviour when I type quickly. And it actually still does it! It just does not try to shutdown anymore, but it does go off focus from the writing app as if I have pressed the shutdown button. And it does try to shutdown when I type fast, right after I switch the power button behaviour back to the original. Totally weird.


How to merge Ubuntu partition with unallocated partition with NFTS in the middle?

Short answer...

First, backup backup backup.

Next make yourself a Ubuntu Live DVD. Read elsewhere on AskUbuntu or Ubuntu.com how to do that if you don't remember how.

Boot the Ubuntu Live DVD, start gparted. Move your Dropbox D: partition all the way left. Move your Ubuntu partition all the way left. Resize your Ubuntu partition to the right.

Cheers, Al


This answer has been mostly made up using the information from the first three steps of this Ask Ubuntu answer  and this Ubuntu Forums thread to which it links/refers to. This other Ask Ubuntu answer was very helpful to.  So all credit to NES, llazarte, bodhi.zazen and Argusvision.

To simply swap two keys functions:
From Terminal run xev and then press F9 which would give something like

Doing the same for PrtSc did not give any output in xev for me (or I could not find the "KeyPress event") so I used Argusvision's advice for using the Custom Shortcuts in All Settings but doing so in order to disable PrtSc as screenshot button by reassigning as Shift + Alt then tried pressing again which gave me keycode 107 for PrtSc in xev like so

Repeating the process for all four keys gave me

F9 = keycode 75
PrtSc = keycode 107, action Print
F10 = keycode 76
Scroll Lock = keycode 127, action Pause

To change a keys function we need to know the keycode of the NEW key being pressed and the "action" of the OLD or existing key for that function.

Now that we have the key codes for identifying the keys we now make the system do what we want by using xmodmap and as we know F9 has "keycode 75" and PrtSc has the action of "Print" all we need to do is

xmodmap -e "keycode 75 = Print"

to make the F9 key behave as if the PrtSc key has been pressed. i.e. the keycode stays the same but pressing the F9 key will have different results.

Using xev with Scroll Lock also gave

which confirms the "action" for the Scroll Lock key is "Pause" so for making the F10 act as Scroll Lock trying

xmodmap -e "keycode 76 = Pause"

should give the desired results.

That is until you log out or shutdown etc so what we have to do after confirming the commands

xmodmap -e "keycode 75 = Print"
xmodmap -e "keycode 76 = Pause"

do give the desired results is sort out SysRec which is modified PrtSc and swap over the other buttons so we do not have multiple instances of same key action .  Adding

xmodmap -e "keycode 107 mod1 = F9 Sys_Req"

should swap F9 to where PrtSc was keeping the modified SysReq (Alt + PrtSc) again we can use xev to help verify this.

Swapping the Scroll Lock and F10 buttons is easier

xmodmap -e "keycode 127 = F10"

After making sure that when running

xmodmap -e "keycode 75 = Print"
xmodmap -e "keycode 107 mod1 = F9 Sys_Req"
xmodmap -e "keycode 76 = Pause"
xmodmap -e "keycode 127 = F10"

does indeed do what is intended all that is left to do is get this happening at startup time. To do this run

xmodmap -pke|egrep  -e '(F9|Print)'

which gave me

we are only interested in the keycodes 75 and 107. Do the same for

xmodmap -pke|egrep  -e '(F10|Pause)'

which gave me

and we are only interested in the keycodes 76 and 127.

Create a new text document with your favourite text editor copy and paste the relevant information

keycode  75 = Print NoSymbol Print
keycode 107 = F9 Sys_Req F9 Sys_Req
keycode  76 = Pause NoSymbol Pause
keycode 127 = F10 NoSymbol F10

naming the file as .Xmodmap and saving it in your Home directory would allow you to run the changes simply by logging on after rebooting.


Python 3.7 now works in the newer versions of wine.
This user used wine 4.14 to install python 3.7.4 and I'm currently using Python 3.7.6 in wine 5.0-rc3.
I'm able to run pyinstaller for cross-compiling and I can test the resulting exe packages and my source code in wine without issue.
The apps I'm testing have a GUI based on PyQt5.

I first tried @Hibou57's approach using embedded-python which does not require newer wine versions.
While this works for a minimal python install, I ran into a lot of annoying problems later on requiring a number of hacks.
I gave up on this approach when I couldn't figure out how to install numpy within embedded python in wine.

To install Python 3.7.6 in wine:

Add the official wine repository to apt to get the lastest dev versions
Install the developer version of wine sudo apt install winehq-devel.
Just download and run the Python 3.7.6 exe install file within wine wine cmd /c python-3.7.6.exe.

The script below is what I'm using to install python 3.7.6 inside a docker container for cross compiling using a Ubuntu 18.04 image.
I'm also using a 64-bit wine prefix.
Note that some parts of this script deal with docker-specific issues.

#!/bin/bash

set -e

echo "---------------------------------"
echo "-------- setup wine prefix ------"
echo "---------------------------------"
# We need the developer version of wine.  We need at least version 4.14 (see link).
# This is the earliest version I've seen reported to work with python3 well
# Without this, we'd have to run the embedded install of python which is riddled
# with annoying issues.

# see: https://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=version&iId=38187

echo "------ Installing required apt packages ------"
apt update
apt install -y wget gnupg software-properties-common apt-utils

echo "------ Add latest wine repo ------"
# Need at least wine 4.14 to install python 3.7
dpkg --add-architecture i386
wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key
apt-key add winehq.key
apt-add-repository 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ bionic main'
apt update

# Add repo for faudio package.  Required for winedev
add-apt-repository -y ppa:cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport

echo "-------- Install wine-dev ------"

apt install -y \
    winehq-devel \
    winetricks \
    xvfb        # This is for making a dummy X server disply

echo "------ Download python ------"
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.6/python-3.7.6-amd64.exe
#wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.6/python-3.7.6.exe

echo "------ Init wine prefix ------"
WINEPREFIX=~/.wine64 WINARCH=win64 winetricks \
    corefonts \
    win10

# Setup dummy screen
Xvfb :0 -screen 0 1024x768x16 &
jid=$!

echo "------ Install python ------"
DISPLAY=:0.0 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine64 wine cmd /c \
    python-3.7.6-amd64.exe \
    /quiet \
    PrependPath=1 \
    && echo "Python Installation complete!"
# Display=:0.0 redirects wine graphical output to the dummy display.
# This is to avoid docker errors as the python installer requires a display,
# even when quiet install is specified.


Error in using HTTP through Telnet on terminal

Assuming you are able to retrieve the file with wget as Eric Carvalho suggested (wget www.ietf.org./rfc.html), the problem is likely just that the web server hung up on you because you didn't send your request fast enough.

Each time a page is retrieved, a separate TCP connection is made to the web server's HTTP port. Once connected, if you don't send a command soon enough, the server will assume that the connection is abandoned (which happens quite often, even though most web browsers minimize it by properly terminating their TCP connections when they're done).

If your goal is just to download the page and look at it, you should use wget, curl, or fetch instead of telnet. You can view the file on the command line with cat or less.

If your goal is to play around with using telnet to access web content--for example, to enhance your understanding of HTTP--then you might consider writing a program or script (it could even be a shell script) that acts as a simple front-end for telnet by taking the server's name and HTTP commands, and then connects to the server, sending the command(s) quickly thereafter.


Not able to configure SSH in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

I had the same problem it worked by following steps

sudo apt-get remove openssh-client
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openssh-server.

Some may think that removing ssh client will break everything, which is not true. It only removes ssh client app.

ssh issue appear to be there in all Ubuntu 14 Desktop versions, and this appear to be the easiest solution.


Convert .JPG or .PNG to .ICO using terminal and back

The most useful program (suite) to manipulate image is Imagemagick (sudo apt install imagemagick) and for this task you will need the convert binary.

You will need to use something like:

convert -resize x16 -gravity center -crop 16x16+0+0 input.png -flatten -colors 256 -background transparent output/favicon.ico


How do I install Adobe Air using "Ubuntu Software Centre"

How to install Adobe AIR on Ubuntu 13.10

Instructions for Ubuntu 13.10

How to install Adobe AIR on Ubuntu 10.10

I have looked into this and on the official Adobe Air 2 page for Linux, 64-bit binaries are not available, although 32-bit should work fine.

Try going through the steps on this page here:
http://kb2.adobe.com/cps/521/cpsid_52132.html

Although they are intended for 9.04, I can't see why this wouldn't work on 10.10.

If following those steps don't work, try this article on OMG!Ubuntu!:
http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/01/how-to-install-adobe-air-on-ubuntu-64bit-2/


Unable to establish connection to mobile broadband connection

A couple of things may be wrong here:

You need to make absolutely sure you've selected the 3G provider (and plan if applicable) for what you're using for your mobile broadband.
You need to make sure that the device (your 3G-dongle (or 4G if that's what you're using)) is mounted and receiving signal. On the common Huawei 3G modems, this is indicated by the green light on the top of the modem switching to a blinking blue when receiving signal and a solid blue when connected.
On some Huawei modems (there may be other brands I don't know of that have this problem as well) the hardware is not natively supported, and since its driver relies on authentication through a windows only program, the way I have solved this is by connecting my modem to a windows machine for the first run, from which I disabled PIN-authentication on the modem. That solved my issues with connecting via Network Manager.

If none of the above seems to be the issue, another explanation could be that your modem has not been properly removed and that something is corrupted.


If you are running maas-cli on a machine other than the MaaS server itself, you will have to install the maas-cli package. Simply run

sudo apt-get install maas-cli

and then it should work.


Don't use .bashrc, use .profile instead. .bashrc is not guaranteed to run on interactive shell.


No firmware found for Broadcom wireless card (BCM4318) on Dell Latitude D610

You need to install the b43 driver/firmware. You can install it from the terminal with

sudo apt-get install b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer

And then reboot. Give it about 30 seconds or so to scan for wireless networks.

Also double-check your hardware shortcut key for wireless (usually Fn+F2 on D-series Latitude) is enabled!


Did this with Linux Mint 13, but should be the same with Ubuntu 12.04.  I used mintconstructor to customize my live-dvd but should work LiveCDCustomizationFromScratch.

I was able to configure net booting from a live-dvd using only iPXE (no pxelinux).

To do so, I configured a http server (with apache) to publish content in /var/www.  It's necessary because the initrd and vmlinuz need to be accessible through http.

I took the initrd.lz and vmlinuz from the live-dvd and put it into /var/www

Took all the files in /casper (from live-dvd) and put it in /var/www/casper.

On your web server, publish also an NFS share of /var/www so the files are also accessible through NFS.  That is necessary for accessing the squashfs (casper folder) through the network (doesn't seem to work through http).

Here's my /etc/exports (NFS)

/var/www *(ro,async)

Your iPXE script should look like this (replace the IP accordingly) :

#!ipxe
initrd http://10.54.9.43/initrd.lz
chain http://10.54.9.43/vmlinuz boot=casper netboot=nfs nfsroot=10.54.9.43:/var/www/ initrd=initrd.lz

That will load the kernel and initrd through http, and the squashfs through NFS...

About the DHCP part, I'm using a Windows Server DHCP ... so I could not help you. Follow the documentation of iPXE.  For others, here's what I did : I configured a TFTP server on the same server (linux).  I configured option 66 to the IP of that server (on the DHCP server).  I put undionly.kpxe (iPXE) in the TFTP folder of my server to chainload iPXE (check iPXE doc). I configured option 67 as specified in the iPXE doc to prevent an infinite loop (because of the chainload).

All this was a bit diffult for me to find out because there's not much documentation about this on the web.


Unable to enter passphrase for encyption

Sounds like your kernel doesn't have the correct USB driver(s); whether that be the host controller or the HID driver is difficult to say.

You could try to boot from installable media and then mount the root partion into /mnt there, and then rebuild your kernel/initram.

This bug might be relevant.


Nvidia graphics driver problem on Ubuntu 18.04 (GPU at BusId doesn't have a supported video decoder)

It caused due to your chips don't have a working video decoding hardware. For now video decoding capabilities on systems may only supported by the embedded Intel iGPU.
Regards,


In shortcut manager w (by not obvious for me circumstaces) was mapped as shortcut. I deleted it. All works.


I have been asked to restore an old Lamp website with Ubuntu 12 and no sudo access

I would NOT try to install any new software/OS until you have a backup of the existing data. I don't think that upgrading from 12 to 20.xx is an option.
Booting to the bootable USB will allow you to mount the existing root partition and gain sudo access by editing the password,group and shadow files by hand.  If you are not confident doing this then I would suggest you find someone to help.
I agree with user535733, set up a VM and get your website up and running on that machine before changing the existing system.


How to merge the pdf files from all subdirectories?

I don't think this is ideal, but you could:

cp all the pdf files of the subdirectories into one directory.

mkdir all-in-one
find SomeDirectory -iname '*.pdf' -exec cp {} all-in-one/

concatenate them

cd all-in-one
pdftk *.pdf output output.pdf

The disadvantage of this solution is that you have to copy all the files.


Launch an instance of your terminal (press CTRL+ALT+T or search for "terminal" in the Dash). This will give you your normal shell from which you can run commands or programmes without root access.

To get root access, you can use one of a variety of methods:

Run sudo <command> and type in your login password, if prompted, to run only that instance of the command as root. Next time you run another or the same command without the sudo prefix, you will not have root access.
Run sudo -i. This will give you an interactive root shell. Note that the $ at the end of your prompt has changed to a #, indicating that you have root access. But you fall in the root home directory (/root/). From here you can run any sequence of commands as root, or run the command exit to leave the root shell.
Use the su (substitute user) command to get a root shell. This is effectively the same as using sudo -i. Note that when you use this command it will ask for the root password and not your login password. These are not the same. You may have to set or change the root password by running sudo passwd root first.
Run sudo -s. This gives you root access, but maintains your current SHELL. Shell specific settings, including your current directory, are preserved. For instance if you use bash (Ubuntu's default shell), aliases (and any other settings from ~/.bashrc) are kept when you switch to the root user. To leave the root access, type exit as in the cases above.

Be advised that playing around with root access is dangerous, and if you had to ask about root access, you probably shouldn't have the privilege. You have the potential to completely ruin your entire system with the mis-execution of many commands. Be careful and verify what you are doing before you do it. Google is Search engines are your friends.


How do you stop a suspended job from receiving GUI interaction?

There's no way to do that without modifying the program source. The problem is that X will buffer the events until after the program is resumed. You would need to handle the suspend (SIGTSTP) signal, record the current time according to the X11 server, then after resume read the events, and discard them based on the event time (XEvent->XButtonEvent->Time).


Touchpad became weird after installing updates on fresh installed Ubuntu 14.04

I installed 14.04 on my asus r704a and had a lot of cursor issues. I found an answer here.

Touchpad issue: jumping cursor while typing (Ubuntu 14.04), syndaemon don't help

Andy wickert's response on answer number 4.

My issue is still present but not as bad as before. Perhaps this will help you too.


How can i disable DPM using AMD-GPU-Pro 17.50?

From what I understand, you use the Kernel parameters radeon.dpm=0 (this is for the radeon driver) amdgpu.dpm=0 (this is for amdgpu). At least this was the case a while ago, hopefully it hasn't changed in the meantime.


Disabling Trackpad while typing does not work

You can use syndaemon to automatically disable touchpad while typing.

An example would be:

syndaemon -i -K -R -t -d

-i specifies how many seconds after last key press before enabling the touchpad (default is 2 seconds)

-K allows modifiers such as Shift and Alt

-R uses XRecord for detecting keyboard activity instead of polling

-t only disables tapping and scrolling but allows mouse movement

-d will start syndaemon as a daemon

you can see all of the options on

man syndaemon


Ubuntu not booting, displaying mariadb server error

Purge mariadb if you want to remove it completely:

sudo apt purge mariadb

But you could also disable mariadb service, so it will not be trying to start:

sudo systemctl disable mariadb

Output:

[sudo] password for user:
Removed /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service.

Reinstall gdm3 package by purging it and installing again:

sudo apt purge gdm3 && sudo apt install gdm3

Also try installing lightdm, switch to it and try.

sudo apt install lightdm

If it is installed, you could switch to it the next way:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm


Replacing main OS in multiboot system with Windows and other Linux distros?

Just install the newer version of Ubuntu and install Grub into the MBR of the first hard drive. This is the default behavior.

If there is a problem, let us know or use boot repair

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


Install Compiz Config Settings manager. Type this at the terminal:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

I am not sure if you have to enable certain repositories through the Ubuntu Software Center or not to do that. If so:

Launch the Software Center
click Edit --> Software Sources --> Click the [Other Software] Tab
and check Canonical Partners and Independent.

Then do this at the terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

You should then have some joy.

Launch the Compiz Config Settings manager by typing ccsm into the dash. Tweak away!

WARNING, do not enable Desktop Cube, as it will disable Ubuntu Unity Plugin. Likewise, do not uncheck Ubuntu Unity Plugin. There are some nice settings under the Ubuntu Unity Plugin though. My favorite effect is Wobbly Windows.


What are the default login credentials for Tiny Tiny RSS?

You can find that information in the Installation Guide on Tiny Tiny RSS Wiki

  After finishing with the installer, open your Tiny Tiny RSS installation at http://your.site.com/tt-rss/ and login with default credentials (username: admin, password: password).

So the default username is admin and the default password is password. After logging, you should go to the preferences and change the password there.


how to run tomcat as service and not use root user

If you do want to create your own start up script for whatever reason. Then to run tomcat under another user use su -c "$TOMCAT_HOME/bin/tomcat.sh start" nobody when starting tomcat. (nobody is the user in this case that tomcat will start under)

http://www.jguru.com/faq/view.jsp?EID=455567


Crackling noise and skipping audio through audio jack on left channel on 16.04

I had the same problem on my HP Laptop. The following two commands solved this issue for me (requires the installation of alsa-tools and sudo for the commands):

hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x20 SET_COEF_INDEX 0x67
hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x20 SET_PROC_COEF 0x3000

Source: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+bug/1648183/comments/17

The commands have to be run after every startup, therefore these two commands can be put in a sh script and run after reboot with a cronjob.


Run sudo apt-get install -f . This should solve the issue.

If not. Please edit your question and post output of the above command.


Do I need to install a package (openSWAN or strongSWAN maybe) to use ipsec?

Did you see this Article.It might help you.


how to run Moneydance 2021 on Ubuntu 20.10 on a Raspberry Pi 4

First, install Moneydance -- conveniently, you can download a .deb right from the website. The package seems to include its own Java, but it's compiled for x86 platforms and obviously doesn't work on the Raspberry Pi.
So it's up to us to provide the right JVM for Moneydance. The default-jre package is version 11, so you'll need to install openjdk-14-jre and set INSTALL4J_JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-14-openjdk-arm64 -- you can either use export in your shell, or edit the /opt/Moneydance/Moneydance script.
But then, it still doesn't work:
Error occurred during initialization of boot layer
java.lang.module.FindException: Module javafx.controls not found

So you need to install the openjfx package. But for some reason, that puts its files in /usr/share/java and Moneydance can't find them. It turns out that you need to use the --module-path switch when starting MD to specify the correct directory -- I edited the Moneydance script, and at the very end, when it runs $INSTALL4J_JAVA_PREFIX exec "$app_java_home/bin/java" ... I added
--module-path /usr/share/java

But that doesn't work:
Error occurred during initialization of boot layer
java.lang.module.FindException: Two versions of module org.apache.commons.lang3 found in /usr/share/java (commons-lang3.jar and commons-lang3-3.11.jar)

This is because that directory has symlinks that confuse Java; this is Debian bug 933669. My solution was to make a new directory somewhere -- I used /opt/Moneydance/jfx -- and symlink from there to the .jar files we need:
javafx-base.jar -> /usr/share/java/javafx-base.jar
javafx-controls.jar -> /usr/share/java/javafx-controls.jar
javafx-graphics.jar -> /usr/share/java/javafx-graphics.jar
javafx-swing.jar -> /usr/share/java/javafx-swing.jar

Specify that directory in your module path in the Moneydance script:
--module-path /opt/Moneydance/jfx  # or whatever directory you used

...and then you can run Moneydance.


neither gdm3 nor lightdm nor startx work

Solved by installing nvidia drivers (sudo apt-get install nvidia-352)


Can I remove openbox if I want to keep lxde?

From Openbox:

  Desktop Environment, developed by "PCMan" in Taiwan, aimed at lean elegant code and usable design.
  Uses Openbox as the Window Manager, with lightweight modular components in addition.

So, if you want to keep LXDE, you cannot remove openbox.


USB mode MMX352G is not detected in Ubuntu12.10 though installed gnome-ppp

same here.

I used to have faced the same issue.

In 12.04LTS it got detected as usb device and after ejecting the usb device it got detected as modem.

But the problem in 12.10 is that the usb device is not showing.

So I got a little trick for that.

    just log into win7/xp first and insert the modem. Restart the computer
    and then  log into ubuntu. but keep in mind that dont disconnect or
    eject the modem from pc and dont switch off the main power.

  Doing so You have to do the process again.

Works fine for me.
Actually I am connected to the internet using that same modem.
Best of luck and let me know the result.


You run fsck against the device representing the raw partition. This appears to be /dev/sdb2 from above.


You switches may have IP addresses on other subnet. eth1 is not set default gateway so it cannot reach the switches. You can add a static route for the eth1 in /etc/network/interfaces:

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.10.16
netmask 255.255.255.0
up route add -net 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.10.1

Restart networking service:

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart


What's a good 2D animation program (an alternative for e.g. Flash CS)?

Some alternatives for Flash are:

Pencil (available in the Software Centre)
Synfig (available in the Software Centre on 16.04)

Both may not be as powerful as Flash, but they may get your work done.


As bodhi.zazen mentions, the easiest way is to just put a light OS on the less powerful machine. Other options will require a lot more work.

Dual booting as terdon suggests only lets you use one OS at a time, which from my understanding of your question is not what you are looking for.

You can also run some kind of virtualization software on your more powerful computer. Install Ubuntu as a virtual machine. With Ubuntu on the less powerful machine, you can either remote into the virtual machine with something like VNC, or do something like X11 forwarding. This will mostly utilize the CPU and hard drive speed of the more powerful computer. Graphics performance in a situation like this won't be helped much, and it depends on the network.


How to reinstall a apt-get dist-upgrade?

For broken packages

sudo dpkg --configure -a

and

sudo apt-get install -f

Reinstall package

sudo apt-get install --reinstall <package name>

Note

If the problem of a broken package still exist the solution is to edit the dpkg status file manually.

sudo nano /var/lib/dpkg/status

Locate the corrupt package, and remove the whole block of information about it and save the file.


Internal Differences Between File deleted from GUI and CLI

When deleting from the GUI, the file gets moved to the trash (inode update), so no modification/deletion, so no notification!

When rm file from the cli, it gets deleted, so you get a notification...


Kubuntu 18.04 Tor Browser don't use gtk theme set by .gtkrc-2.0

I installed torbrowser-launcher version 0.2.9-2 which provided me with the Tor browser which itself is based on Firefox 60.3.0esr:

The point to note is that Firefox is and has been a gtk3 application since Firefox 46. So your gtkrc-2.0 settings will not be effective.

I suggest you look at System Settings > Application Style > GNOME Application Style and make a suitable choice there.


Error Message when selecting Printers-Server-Settings

I had this problem as well; from what I've seen it is a recent problem with CUPS that will be patched soon. In the meantime, I was able to do everything I needed by:

1) Pointing my browser at localhost:631, this will bring up CUPS' web interface.
2) Clicking the 'administration' tab. this will give you the ability to edit all options found in printers-server-settings.


how to tell ubuntu to use python 3.4 instead of 2.7?

if you run python -V, you get: Python 2.7.6, However, if you run python3 -V, you get 3.4.0.

Running a script, you can specify the python version to use by using either:

python <script.py>

or:

python3 <script.py>

If the script or application is executable, and you run it without the python (either 2 or 3) command, you need to have the shebang in your script, in which you define the python version to use; either:

#!/usr/bin/env python

or:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

You cannot run code, written for python2 with python3 and vice versa, so you should not (try to) "tell" Ubuntu to use either version 2 or 3 in another way then above, according to the version of python, used in your code.


today I just found out, how to get the 5 GHz network to work.
I installed the compat-wireless drivers (package linux-backports-modules-cw-3.6-3.5.0-21-generic) on my system and now also this network works without problems.

May be, this hint also helps someone, having similar problems.

Just to add, the chipset on my Acer Aspire S7 is an Atheros Communications Inc. AR9462 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01), just in case, this problems occurs also on other systems with the same chipset.

Bye

Ralf


sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-image-extra-$(uname -r)

This command installed all the missing drivers and fixed the problem.

Source: ubuntu 16.04 reinstall all drivers


Login broken after 15.10 -> 16.04 LTS upgrade, related to NVIDIA driver

Through Ubuntu 15.10, Ubuntu's handling of Secure Boot stopped at GRUB -- that is, Ubuntu's version of Shim would launch Ubuntu's version of GRUB, which would launch any Linux kernel, whether or not it was signed. This was a very low bar of support for Secure Boot. For comparison, Fedora's GRUB would launch only signed Linux kernels, and Fedora's kernels, when they detected that Secure Boot was active, would load only signed kernel binaries. The intent of Fedora's more-robust Secure Boot support was to protect the system against "rogue" kernel modules, which could, in theory, take over the computer at a very low level. Ubuntu 15.10 and earlier lacked such protection.

Starting with 16.04, Ubuntu follows a stricter Secure Boot module, more like what Fedora's been doing for quite a while. This has security benefits, but as you've seen, it also has problems. If a third-party driver is not signed with a cryptographic key that the Ubuntu version of the Linux kernel recognizes as valid, it won't be loaded. This mostly impacts the closed-source Nvidia and AMD/ATI video drivers, but there are other drivers that can be affected, too.

There are (or might be) several workarounds to this problem:

Disable Secure Boot -- This is the easiest solution. You can do it by mucking with your firmware settings or (I think) by adjusting the Shim settings. (I'm not sure how to do it by tweaking Shim's settings, but I'm pretty sure that's possible.)
Don't use third-party kernel modules -- If you restrict yourself to open source drivers included in Ubuntu's standard Linux kernel, you should be fine, since Canonical signs all such drivers (AFAIK). Note that there should be pretty good Nvidia support using such drivers; your system probably fell back to sub-optimal drivers because it thought that the closed-source drivers were available. I don't know offhand how to switch from one to the other, but this question is about doing so with AMD/ATI drivers, so it may be a helpful starting point.
Sign the relevant modules -- In theory, signing the commercial modules yourself should get them working. Unfortunately, I don't have a pointer for instructions on how to do this, and in fact I'm not even entirely sure that it's possible to do this with a stock Ubuntu kernel; such a kernel might honor only modules that are signed with Canonical's key, which of course you don't possess.
Compile your own kernel -- If you compile your own kernel, you can set its options as you see fit, including loosening the restrictions on loading unsigned modules. You'd then need to sign the kernel with your own EFI key and add the public version of that key to your MOK list. Here's a question and answers about compiling your own kernel.
Switch to an older GRUB -- Because an older GRUB will launch unsigned kernels, you could install such a GRUB (from Ubuntu 15.10 or before) and have it launch an unsigned kernel. Note that maintaining that older GRUB would be likely to be a pain.
Switch to a boot loader that doesn't honor Secure Boot -- If you were to sign a boot loader like SYSLINUX or ELILO with your own key and add the public version of that key to your MOK list, that boot loader would ignore the Secure Boot settings, just like an older version of GRUB. You could then launch an unsigned kernel.

Note that the only two of these options that I'm 100% certain would work are to disable Secure Boot or to avoid third-party kernel modules. I avoid third-party kernel modules like the plague, so I have no personal experience with using them in a Secure Boot environment. Aside from disabling Secure Boot, building your own kernel might be the next-most-likely to work, followed by using an older GRUB or using a boot loader that doesn't honor Secure Boot. Building your own kernel was once common, but few people do that any more, and with modern kernels, the time investment to learn how to configure a kernel, not to mention actually doing so, can be significant. Using an older GRUB or another boot loader might be easier, but you'll need to know enough to be able to set that up. The easier way is likely to be to dual-boot with an older Ubuntu that you install second -- but be aware that Ubuntu 16.04 is likely to restore its GRUB at some point, whereupon you'll need to re-install the older Ubuntu's GRUB.


Server - Lightweight GUI for 20.04 - only need browser, copy files, and see terminal windows

Did you look at hosting a webgui instead such as Cockpit or Webmin?
I apologize, I realize this is 5 months or so late. I hope you found a solution!


Ubuntu 20.04, every boot makes a very long filesystem check

Removing Disk Check From 20.04 Boot

The command line option fsck.mode=skip can be used to skip the disk check when booting Ubuntu 20.04.

The line Checking disks: 0% complete may still come up but fsck will not be run, nor will boot time be increased.

Add fsck.mode=skip to the linux line in grub.cfg just before quiet splash

It is recommended that we add the command to grub.cfg by editing /etc/default/grub thus: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="fsck.mode=skip quiet splash" and then run sudo update-grub.

I have had this problem with a Live USB but not with an installed system.


Why does the removal of this nautilus security threat cause the desktop background to go black?

Thanks to @Eliah Kagan for the comment answering the question on why nautilus is related to background function:

"Desktops shows the desktop folder's entries as icons and you can open them, change their metadata, and create new ones. So they're usually managed by file browsers."

I found a solution to getting the background to work again from
here.  That solution is

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.background active true


Wifi networks not showing after installing ubuntu 16.04 on Lenovo y50

You've got to install the appropriate drivers for the broadcom device.

Go to the menu and search for drivers. Update the drivers for everything there right now so that you won't have to waste your time some other day on some other issue.

This will most likely allow you to connect to wifi networks


How to switch between two windows of the same application using keyboard

The shortcut for this is Super+Key above Tab or Alt+Key above Tab.


ntop is a classic

Install

sudo apt-get install ntop

You will be asked to set a password during the install

point firefox to http://localhost:3000 or https://localhost:3001

log in with the username admin and the password you set.

notp will show you all sorts of information.

Small sample:


Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) multiple CPU hard lockup

I followed the instructions to build my own kernel for 4.8 (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/BuildYourOwnKernel) and built linux-image-4.8.0-53-generic. This has fixed my lockups, MTU issues and no KVM panics. Since I wasted 6 weeks troubleshooting this, hopefully someone else finds it useful.


Error: Opening the cache (E:type 'sudo' is not known on line 1 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/r-cran.list

To try and pick up the pieces, we'll start from the beginning... this should get you started... use copy/paste with the following lines, as some of them are very long...

Note: Some/all of these "R" packages are in the Ubuntu 19.10 repositories.

In terminal...

sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/r-cran.list

Add this as the only line in the file...

deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial-cran35/

Save the file and quit gedit.

In terminal... copy/paste one command at a time into terminal... first command is long...

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys E298A3A825C0D65DFD57CBB651716619E084DAB9
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install r-base r-base-dev

Source: How to install R on Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial?

Source: https://cran.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu/README.html

Update #1:

Leftovers... but easy fixes...

sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Go to gedit prefs, and enable line numbering.

Go to the very end of the file (line 52) and you'll probably find a line like this...

deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial-cran35/

Delete that line. Save the file and quit gedit.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install r-base r-base-dev

And we should be done!


Problems Mounting Samsung Galaxy Note 5 16.04

Tested with a Samsung Galaxy S4 with Ubuntu 16.04

sudo apt-get install go-mtpfs mtpfs mtp-tools


Where can I find the right GPU driver for a MSI M670 notebook runnig Ubuntu 14.04.2?

According to this list here, your video card is supported under the NVIDIA-304.xx driver.

To install this driver, first add the xorg-edgers ppa from a terminal window type in:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa

then update the repositories by typing in the next line:

sudo apt-get update

then to install the 304.xx driver, type in the following line:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-304

NOTE: the important notices that are found here recommend that you purge the ppa before you do a dist-upgrade to your Ubuntu installation, or it breaks your OS.

From the xorg-edgers PPA

Be sure to revert this PPA before doing a release upgrade or the upgrade will not succeed. To revert to official packages, install the ppa-purge package and run "sudo ppa-purge xorg-edgers".


Awesome-WM inside gnome-shell -> Get rid of top panels

Quote from the same wiki page you linked:

"You will likely want to choose either gnome-panel or awesome's main wibox as your panel. If you choose to disable your wibox, configure your rc.lua to not start it up. If you choose to disable gnome-panel, it is easiest to stop using gnome-session and run your session in the traditional way."


Problems with graphics drivers on Latitude D600 running 14.04

Install the graphics drivr:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-radeon

If it already installed, then purge and reinstall

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove xserver-xorg-video-radeon && sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-radeon


How to run inkview in installed flatpak inkscape

You can do this in a tricky way by using special --command=inkview option:
flatpak run --command=inkview org.inkscape.Inkscape ~/drawing.svg

See details in the output of flatpak run -?:

Usage:
   flatpak run [OPTION...] APP [ARGUMENT…] - Run an app

Application Options:
...
     --command=COMMAND                       Command to run
...


How to find which WiFi frequencies are being used the most near by?

You can get detailed information about a wireless interface by using the iwlist command.

Run the below command from the command line, just copy and paste:

sudo iwlist wlan0 scan | grep Frequency | sort | uniq -c | sort -n

And you will get a result like this:

  2                     Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1)
  2                     Frequency:2.417 GHz (Channel 2)
  2                     Frequency:2.462 GHz (Channel 11)
 10                     Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)

As an extra bit of useful data, you can see what frequencies your wifi card supports using this command:

iwlist wlan0 channel


Configure VPN... is greyed out and I cannot edit my VPN settings

Network Manager VPN support is based on a plug-in system.

The network-manager-pptp plugin is installed by default.

For OpenVPN, install these packages:

sudo apt-get install network-manager-openvpn network-manager-openvpn-gnome

Then restart your network-manager:

sudo systemctl restart network-manager

Open the Network connections program.
Click on Add.
Select PPTP (or OpenVPN) under the VPN section. Fill in your settings and save.

Eventually, you should be able to select a VPN config in the previously greyed out zone.


Dpkg is angry about uninstalling virtualbox 6.0 after installing from deb file

I ran into exactly the same problem. I was unable to remove the package in a "normal" manner.
To solve it I had to manually delete all related files.
To do so I ran:
$ dpkg -L virtualbox-6.0
The output lists all files/folders owned by the package but there are also important folders such as /usr/src listed so you cannot just delete everything with a pipe like dpkg -L virtualbox-6.0 | xargs rm -r, you need to delete them 1 by one or folder by folder it goes quite fast.


I can't associate .torrent with Transmisson

Not sure why that is happening but you might
want to open up synaptic Package manager and just
reinstall Transmission and transmission-common.
That should fix it fast


Can I sync my KOrganizer and iCloud calendars?

Here is how I did this, thanks to the advice from @Khurshid_Alam:

Download an iCloud CloudDav discovery program called icloud
from its GitHub page.
Extract icloud-master/groovy_java/gui-2.0.1.zip. (Be sure to read the README as apparently there are legal issues...)
Run icloud-master/groovy_java/gui-2.0.1/bin/gui.
Type in Apple ID Credentials and select a server. Any server will work. Click "Get calendar URLs".
Click the URL on the far right next to the name of the main Calendar, Ctrl+C to copy it.
In KOrganizer, right click your calendar folder display (by default it is on the bottom left) and select Add Calendar.
Click "DAV Groupware Resource". Enter in your Apple ID credentials, select the "Configure the resource manually".
Allow access to the wallet, if the window comes up, and if applicable.
A new window will come up with "Server configuration" at the bottom. Click "Add" to the right of it, paste the copied URL into the "Remote URL" box, and click "Fetch". When you click "OK", the calendar will be added and automatic uploading and downloading of calendar data will be possible.
Have fun!


Device Issue: No USB keyboard after Ubuntu 15.10 update

I just had the same problem. Neither did my mouse. However, when I wanted to enter safe mode, and pressing the left shift key did not work, I tried to repeatedly enter the Esc key (like crazy repeat), it suddenly started working again. Both keyboard and mouse are now working.


How do I install the drivers for my Samsung printer?

Installing the driver

Make sure that the machine is connected to your computer and powered on.
From the Samsung website, download the Unified Linux Driver package to your computer.
Right-click the Unified Linux Driver package and extract the package.
Open one Terminal and enter the following commands:

cd PSU_1.10.tar.gz  (the uncompressed folder)

cd cdroot && cd Linux && cd psu

sudo ./install.sh
Then it'll ask the root password, enter it.

Now you should see the following image:

Click on Next to start the installation.
When the installation is complete, click Finish.

Source: Samsung Driver Manual


Nvidia graphic not working fine in battery mode

Nvidia driver may be throttling , can you check the nvidia control panel if there is any option for setting performance.


Loosing my Win 8 loosing my Ubuntu this is the problem!

Oh my god, actually you have made many mistakes
firstly, i have installed ubuntu and it dosnt block windows8, it do dual boot, however, you should tell ubuntu that when installing, this is the first mistake

the second mistake, NEVER FORMAT, DELETE OR WIPE ANYTHING
what i mean how could you delete windows 8 and reinstall it??
i will cry if i have forced to :'(

everything has a fix, ask me when it comes to boot, MBR or some similar problems
im expert in them :D

okay so here we need to fix things out, first GRUB is very cool bootloader

second, look at the internet on how to setup bootloader on a flash drive
i prefer GRUB4DOS

after you made the both and you able to boot from windows 8 and ubuntu using the flash drive, boot up windows 8,

first, make disk check by going to computer and right-click on the windows8 drive and in tools tab you will find disk check, do this cause sometimes the partition might run into error and cause linux to not detect it as an OS, like what happened mine

second, boot from ubuntu, and do bootloader repair, if it still boot up from one OS, then open up windows 8 again and google easyBCD, download and install this program and run it

with it you can manage everything about boot

first do MBR repair (in the program)
then click "edit" tab and delete your windows8/ubuntu boot
then click on "add new" tab and choose windows 8, and choose on what drive windows 8 is, or i might detect it automaticlly, and then go again to "add new" tab and add linux boot

after that, go to "edit boot menu" and edit your boot as you prefer, how much counting time and other settings

after you have done, reboot your system and test it, if it dosn't work, im sorry i cant help you

however, if it worked im not sure if it will boot using normal linux bootloader

and lastly, i might have some errors in this answer cause i'm now using ubuntu so i cant run the program and tell you the exact same thing
tell me if you have faced more problems


Lenovo G50-80 suspend freeze on Kubuntu 16.04

Switching to other distribution (Kubunto to Ubuntu Mate) does not fix this problem. However installing kernel 4.4.8 seems to fix this issue (tested few times in Mate). I does not know if it is persistent, or I have luck five times in a row. I does not tested it in kubuntu, but result should be same. Suspend however takes much more time than in 14.04 (up to 15 seconds in 16.04, almost instant in 14.04). Thanks to all people involved in finding answer to this question.


Ubuntu with LVM and LUKS on external USB HDD + standby = complete crash

Just if anyone has the same issue...

I tried hibernate with this setup with sudo pm-hibernate and it works fine (on a recent DELL laptop).

Then I enabled hibernate and disabled standby (suspend) in the menus as follows:

Create /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla with the following content:

[Re-enable hibernate by default in upower]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate
ResultActive=yes

[Re-enable hibernate by default in logind]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate;org.freedesktop.login1.handle-hibernate-key;org.freedesktop.login1;org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-multiple-sessions;org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-ignore-inhibit
ResultActive=yes

[Disable standby by default in upower]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.upower.suspend
ResultActive=no

[Disable standby by default in logind]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.login1.suspend;org.freedesktop.login1.handle-suspend-key;org.freedesktop.login1;org.freedesktop.login1.suspend-multiple-sessions;org.freedesktop.login1.suspend-ignore-inhibit
ResultActive=no

All power management settings in the System Settings are disabled so I set them up as well, using hibernate.

The information that helped me to do this was taken from How do I hibernate my computer?

I'm still not sure if this is a preferred setup but it works fine including hibernate, and now there is no risk to accidentally suspend and thrash the whole installation.


There is no bind-address option for mysql in MariaDB. This option is related to the daemon part mysqld.

So remove the bind-address from your [mysql] section in the mysql.cnf file.


Yes, you can.
https://github.com/ValveSoftware/SteamOS/wiki/Working-with-non-Steam-games
This guide shows you how to do it. To get Windows games to work, simply make a .desktop file and in the exec line, put Wine with all your arguments and the path to the game and it should work just as if you were running it from the terminal.


Tool to insert text snippets into applications

I use AutoKey it installs from the Ubuntu Software Center

real easy to use

I have added "phrase"s like my email address example@gmail.com by typing gm plus hitting tab <tab>


12.04 the application compiz has shut down unexpectidly

Sounds like there could have been issues with the connection.

I suggest running sudo dpkg --configure -a as it will attempt to fix any issues from the upgrade command. Especially if it was acting real slow during the initial update.

If it still doesn't resolve it, try attempting sudo apt-get update & sudo apt-get upgrade -y


Make Samba on Ubuntu 18.04 work with Windows clients which require digitally signed communications

Got help from Samba mailing list.

Commenting out the default map to guest = bad user line works.


Unable to start gedit in 18.04 without prefixing command with 'sudo'

It may help if you purge gedit, and then install it again,

sudo apt purge gedit

and after that

sudo apt install gedit

From man apt,

   install, remove, purge (apt-get(8))
       Performs the requested action on one or more packages specified via
       regex(7), glob(7) or exact match. The requested action can be
       overridden for specific packages by append a plus (+) to the
       package name to install this package or a minus (-) to remove it.

       A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by
       following the package name with an equals (=) and the version of
       the package to select. Alternatively the version from a specific
       release can be selected by following the package name with a
       forward slash (/) and codename (stretch, buster, sid ...) or suite
       name (stable, testing, unstable). This will also select versions
       from this release for dependencies of this package if needed to
       satisfy the request.

       Removing a package removes all packaged data, but leaves usually
       small (modified) user configuration files behind, in case the
       remove was an accident. Just issuing an installation request for
       the accidentally removed package will restore its function as
       before in that case. On the other hand you can get rid of these
       leftovers by calling purge even on already removed packages. Note
       that this does not affect any data or configuration stored in your
       home directory.

But you may still need to identify data or configurations stored in your home directory and change ownership from root to your user ID.


Sounds like you haven't enabled the Nvidia driver.  Click on the Dash icon in launcher, search for Add  and select the additional drivers icon.  I am using the Nvidia current, without even the post release updates and have driver version 304.64.
Check the Nvidia driver you are running with the command:

dmesg | grep -i nvid

The output should contain a line like:
[   20.731109] NVRM: loading NVIDIA UNIX x86 Kernel Module  304.64  Tue Oct 30 11:09:29 PDT 2012
which gives the driver version number.

OK, you have an older 304 driver, which should work.  Check that the libglx library link is in place

$ ls -l /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/libglx.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Nov  6 19:54 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/libglx.so -> libglx.so.304.64
$ ls -l /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 51 Jun 13  2012 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules -> /etc/alternatives/i386-linux-gnu_xorg_extra_modules
$ ls /etc/alternatives/i386-linux-gnu_xorg_extra_modules
libglx.so  libglx.so.304.64  nvidia_drv.so

The file /var/log/Xorg.0.log should contain a section like:
[    21.014] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[    21.014] (II) Loading /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/libglx.so
[    21.087] (II) Module glx: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation"
[    21.087]    compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0
[    21.087]    Module class: X.Org Server Extension
[    21.087] (II) NVIDIA GLX Module  304.64  Tue Oct 30 11:31:18 PDT 2012
[    21.087] (II) Loading extension GLX

List the OpenGL packages you have on your system with:

dpkg -l |egrep -i " GL |glx|opengl"

The output along with many compiz lines on my system has:

libgl1-mesa-dri  9.0-0ubuntu1       free implementation of the OpenGL API -- DRI modules
libgl1-mesa-glx  9.0-0ubuntu1        free implementation of the OpenGL API -- GLX runtime libglapi-mesa    9.0-0ubuntu1        free implementation of the GL API -- shared library
libglew1.6       1.6.0-4             OpenGL Extension Wrangler - runtime environment libglewmx1.6     1.6.0-4             OpenGL Extension Wrangler - runtime environment libglu1-mesa     8.0.4-0ubuntu0.2    Mesa OpenGL utility library (GLU)
libqt4-opengl    4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.3  Qt 4 OpenGL module
libxcb-glx0      1.8.1-1ubuntu0.1    X C Binding, glx extension
mesa-utils       8.0.1+git20110129+d8f7d6b-0ubuntu2 Miscellaneous Mesa GL utilities

Maybe you should update your system in a virtual terminal with the commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

To at least get updated Nvidia drivers, There were pretty serious problems until at least 304.50? on my system.


If you're connecting to Internet via a proxy (ADSL modem being kind of a proxy too), then it's a matter of configuring the proxy to forward traffic from internet to and from the machine in the local network. Usually there's nothing you need to do on the machine itself.

The keywords to google for are NAT and port forwarding :)


why can't /usr/local be mounted differently for different logged in user?

There is already a "local" folder per user.
It is in each user's home directory.
It is a hidden directory, because it is prefaced by a dot.
You can see it by executing
ls -la ~

You will see a directory listing similar to the following. Notice the .local directory.
drwxr-xr-x 29 someone someone  4096 Mar 29 10:14 .config
drwxr-xr-x  2 someone someone  4096 Feb 24 21:32 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 10 someone someone  4096 Mar 29 13:09 Documents
drwxr-xr-x  5 someone someone  4096 Mar 28 10:27 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x  3 someone someone  4096 Feb 24 21:32 .local
drwxr-xr-x  2 someone someone  4096 Feb 24 21:32 Music
drwxr-xr-x  2 someone someone  4096 Mar 26 22:57 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x  4 someone someone  4096 Mar 23 15:39 Public
drwx------  2 someone someone  4096 Mar  2 18:48 .ssh
drwxr-xr-x  2 someone someone  4096 Feb 24 21:28 Templates
drwxr-xr-x  2 someone someone  4096 Feb 24 21:32 Videos


Howto get the number of available updates/security-updates in ubuntu server

You want /usr/lib/update-notifier/apt-check from the update-notifier-common package. Run /usr/lib/update-notifier/apt-check -h for usage information. It has both human readable and machine readable forms.


Why won't Glade let me change the button content?

You must add a Related Action by clicking the "..." button. Once you have added an action, disable Use Action Appearance. Then you can clear the related action and set the button to whatever you wish.

You can also continue using the action as sort of standardized actions in your program. For instance, most apps will have new buttons, so with actions you can create a simple new action, then just set toolbar buttons, buttons, whatever to that action and get all the related callbacks, icons and titles.


It's this line:

fg[NORMAL] = "#EEEEEE"

Try changing the color to something darker like #333 or #000 for black.


Preseeding 3.16 hardware enablement kernel requires manual update-initramfs

For a generalized version of the hack, do:

update-initramfs -c -k $(ls /lib/modules -1 | tail -1)
update-grub

This can be done directly from the late_command, or via a script that the late command invokes.


GNOME 3 not loading any icons or wallpaper and crashing

I had the exact same problem with GNOME on Ubuntu. I fixed it with these steps.

On the login screen press ctrl+alt+f1 to switch to a TTY.

I tried to update with sudo apt update but it failed due to some error saying something like bad return status for module build on kernel.

Update failed so we need to reconfigure packages

sudo dpkg --configure -a

and then upgrade

sudo apt upgrade && sudo apt full-upgrade

and remove not required packages

sudo apt autoremove && sudo reboot

After this GNOME showed everything fine and stopped crashing.


How do I try the Gtk Wayland backend in ubuntu 13.10

Yes you can, just rebuild the GTK library with the Wayland back-end support and you'll be good to go.

GTK can be rebuilt with --enable-wayland-backend

Although don't expect every GTK applications to work perfectly.


How to Run Dual Operating Systems, Windows 7 Primary, Ubuntu Secondary

This sounds like you need a virtualization solution:

because of the safety and speed advantages of ubuntu i would recommend you to run virtual box on a ubuntu system. Alternatively VMWare.

VirtualBox simulates a pc that does actually not exist, that runs in a seperate window. The setup in virtual box is the same as the setup on a hardware-computer. You have several options to split the system performance between vitual system and host-OS, Networking an passing through internet connections is also easily possible.

For further information see Virtual Box official webpage
Except for video ames with high system prequisites this should cover your needs. But keep in mind, that the performance will never be the same as in a dualboot system, because your machine has to run two OS at the same time.


Enable random desktop wallpaper change with elapsed time

I have wanted to do the same thing at times.

There were a few options out there, one of the better ones that I remember is Wallch.

You get some control over the interval and you get to add all the individual images you wish to use.

Wallch Website


increase space for existing home directories

Indeed raid setups would allow to seamlessly treat different drives as if it were a single volume, but that cannot be implemented without erasing the current data.

Otherwise, it is indeed easy enough to just selectively move some of the user's home folders to new drives, and replace the original data by a symbolic link pointing to the moved data.

You need to copy the user's files preserving all file attributes. This can be done with rsync with the -aH (archive) option. You need the -H option only if the user's data contains hard links to files (i.e., files having the same inode, i.e, pointing to the same data) that exist under the folder structure that is being copied. That option recreates hard links in the destination, but requires significantly more time. Without that option, hardlinks will be copied as independent files (having a different inode) on the destination.

After you verified that the copy is successful, you may delete the original data and place a symbolic link with the same name that points to the new location. The user will not be aware of this change (unless, perhaps, the new drives are slower or faster).


Not certain this will work, but believe that the issue lies here with the virtual terminal handoff. At the present, you are forcing the single user splash, but still handing off to virtual terminal 7. Alter this code to the following:

vt.handoff=1

which should place you into the correct state. Have not tried, but know that grub2 used to have an issue with this particular code. See Bug #916306 in Launchpad.


No desktop on 19.04 after upgrading from 18.10

Finally, I have ended up reinstalling... :-(


ubuntu installation stuck on splash screen

Bootline arguments to boot in Ryzen 2700u = Grub menu= e = linus line = CRTL + X to save and exit.

  ivrs_ioapic[32]=00:14.0 spec_store_bypass_disable=prctl1
  ivrs_ioapic[33]=00:00.1
  iommu=soft
  ivrs_ioapic[32]=00:14.0 ivrs_ioapic[33]=00:00.1

One or the other, they all work. The third only allows to compile kernels higher than 4.19. You must add a space at the end of the linux line and then type iommu=soft + CTRL + X to save and launch the installer.

All Linux ISO images won’t boot here,without this tweak.  They should work for Intel 8th gen. Secure boot is always enabled here, even for the clean install. Never touch fast startup and only one parameter is disabled in BIOS: Boot order + all Windows stuff.


How to make permanent change to .config/user-dirs.dirs?

I think this is the proper way to do it:

xdg-user-dirs-update --set DOWNLOAD $HOME/var/downloads


I solved this problem in this new thread.


A backported LVM package seems safe enough. If the kernel doesn't support the md/dm integration, I expect it will fail the conversion step, at which point you could just backport the kernel too.


webcamoid is available in the universe repository for all recent Ubuntu versions.
It can be installed with
sudo apt install webcamoid

Features:

Take pictures and record videos with the webcam.
Manages multiple webcams.
GUI interface.
Custom controls for each webcam.
Add funny effects to the webcam.
+60 effects available.
Effects with live previews.
Translated to many languages.
Use custom network and local files as capture devices.
Capture from desktop.
Many recording formats.
Virtual webcam support for feeding other programs.

webcamoid on GitHub


With 8 GB RAM most likely swapping is not necessary, but you need swap if you have a laptop and want to use the hibernate option. You could also go for a swap file instead of a swap partition.


How do I install a fingerprint reader on Lenovo ThinkPad?

I tried both Fingerprint Gui and FPrint in my Thinkpad W550S. Fingerprint Gui had a nice interface, but was pretty unstable on the login page and sudo and constantly crashed.
FPrint seems more simple, but works very well:
For Ubuntu 20.04 or greater:
sudo apt install libpam-fprintd

For Ubuntu 16.04 or greater:
sudo apt install libpam-fprintd fprint-demo

For Ubuntu 15.04 or less
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:fingerprint/fprint
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libfprint0 fprint-demo libpam-fprintd gksu-polkit

After that, you can test it by running fprint_demo and save the fingerprint with fprintd-enroll. This will automatically make your login screen require a finger swipe instead of a password.
[Update]
In some cases you also may need to run:
sudo pam-auth-update

to activate fingerprint reader for elevated privileges for example with sudo


How do I view all desktop panels in Budgie?

To get the virtual desktop indicator, do the following:

Press super+A
Press the gear icon in the upper right corner
Click Panel
Next to Applets press the + button
Double click workspace switcher

It will then be added in the center next to the clock.

To move the applet:

Press super+A
Press the gear icon in the upper right corner
Click Panel
Select the applet and use the up/down arrows to move it to your desired position.


If your server has SSH installed you can easily use sftp to it. I use FileZilla from Windows machines to connect to any server using sftp with port 22. Just use your username and password as if SSH.


how to remove modem+manager+gui completely?

During installation, you might have added ppa by running this command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linuxonly/modem+manager+gui

You might have uninstall package modem-manager-gui but ppa is not removed.
So you need remove ppa linuxonly/modem+manager+gui

There will be a line in your /etc/apt/sources.list.d folder like linuxonly-ubuntu-modem_manager_gui-xenial.list.

You need to remove that line and you can do this manually by running these commands:

cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d
sudo rm linuxonly-ubuntu-modem_manager_gui-xenial.list

OR

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:linuxonly/modem+manager+gui

After then you can do sudo apt-get update without any error.

For more information: How can PPAs be removed?


Run this command in a terminal window:

sudo apt-get purge virtualbox-4.2 virtualbox-qt

That should remove them both.


Getting Unity 3D working on legacy Nvidia FX5500 card

Blacklisting is simply making a list of those cards that do not work (well) with Compiz/Unity 3D. So, your card is not supported because somebody decided that the way it works is unsatisfactory. You can try to override this by pressing Alt+F2 and typing gksu gedit /etc/environment

Once it opens, add a new line and add:

UNITY_FORCE_START=1

If it does not work (which is probable), then you can log in to Unity 2D by clicking the gear icon before you type your password and selecting Unity 2D, and then deleting this line from /etc/environment.


Convert each slide to PNG with LibreOffice Impress in terminal with excel graph

Change the PDF version to PDF/A-1a, with unoconv it can be done like so:

unoconv -f pdf -e SelectPdfVersion=1 somePresentation.ppt


Restart loop after Nvidia Zotac card install

After the manufacturer's splash screen disappears when booting and right before the system starts to restart loop, bring up a text-only virtual console using the keyboard combination Ctrl+Alt+F3 and then you will get a text-only console which shows you a login prompt. Login to the console at the login prompt with your username and password.

Search for installed nvidia packages.
apt list --installed | grep nvidia

Remove all the nvidia packages.
sudo apt remove package-name
Replace package-name with the names of the nvidia packages from the results of step 1.

If you have added an Nvidia PPA to /etc/apt/sources.list remove that PPA by prefacing its line in sources.list with a # to comment it out. Run sudo apt update to refresh the list of available software.

Reboot with sudo reboot

After you reboot, install the recommended Nvidia driver with the following commands.
 sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
 sudo reboot

The ubuntu-drivers autoinstall command installs drivers that are appropriate for automatic installation including their dependencies, and the Nvidia driver will also be updated automatically when an update is available.

If the boot process stops and gets stuck at the purple Ubuntu logo screen, bring up a text-only virtual console using the keyboard combination Ctrl+Alt+F3 and then you will get a text-only console which shows you a login prompt. Login to the console at the login prompt with your username and password. Run the following command to bring up the default Ubuntu login screen.
 sudo systemctl start graphical.target

and press Enter to bring up your default login screen and then login to your Ubuntu desktop environment as usual.

If you keep getting stuck at the same purple Ubuntu logo screen every time you boot you might want to replace the default gdm3 login display manager with the more lightweight lightdm login display manager and run the following command to enable lightdm as the new login display manager.
 sudo apt install lightdm
 sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm


m23 is not intended for use on Ubuntu as m23 server. There are too many dependencies on Debian system things for it to run on a derivate of Debian, which differs in crucial parts from Debian (like Ubuntu).

You would have to re-write m23 in some parts to make it run on a Ubuntu machine.

For this reason, the m23 packages won't install on Ubuntu. m23 even checks if the machine you plan to install it on is a Debian machine, and it won't start if it is on Ubuntu.

You can, however, install m23 in a VM on your Ubuntu machine. Or you can set up a Debian server for m23. You could even install m23 on a Raspberry Pi, or in a CloudStack environment. But always on Debian.

And of course, you can manage Ubuntu machines using your m23 server.

If you have questions, you can also always ask in the m23 forum - I guess questions about m23 might be answered faster and more complete there by the people who write m23 (like me, I found your question by accident).


Try
sudo dpkg --configure -a

See if that fixes it.


How to install and execute Icecat 17.0 from tar file

Execute it from a terminal, like so:

/path/to/icecat

Then check the terminal output. It will say what fails to work so you can resolve it.

Also, Ubuntu 10.04 LTS is no longer officially supported and no longer receives security updates, you might want to update to 12.04 LTS.


Unknown switch error encountered when opening Terminal

The probable reason  for this problem is you have some incorrect entries in your ~/.bashrc file.
 This file is read by the bash, whenever you start a new terminal.(See  Bash Startup Files for more detail)

It may happen that you have entered some incorrect value in this file accidentally or  you are executing any script through this file, which is throwing  this error.

Search for such incorrect entries in your ~/.bashrc and remove it.


When you install Windows after you installed ubuntu then Windows installs his own boot manager which will boot windows only.
You can fix it with booting from a Linux Live DVD/USB and then reinstall Grub.


Ok this was easy to solve, looking at the /etc/apache2/sites-available/example.com.conf file I note that I had forgotten to add the alias to www.sub.example.com

<VirtualHost *:80>
   ServerName sub.example.com
   ServerAlias www.sub.example.com   <---- I had forgotten this
   Redirect permanent / https://sub.example.com/
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:443>
        ServerAdmin someone@example.com
        ServerName sub.example.com
        ServerAlias www.sub.example.com


How to get the list of installed library packages only?

/sbin/ldconfig -p

The -v option will show the libraries version.

Result:

267 libs found in cache `/etc/ld.so.cache'
        libz.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libz.so.1
        libz.so (libc6) => /usr/lib/libz.so
        libxslt.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libxslt.so.1
        libxml2.so.2 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libxml2.so.2
        libxcb.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libxcb.so.1
        libxcb-xlib.so.0 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libxcb-xlib.so.0
        libwrap.so.0 (libc6) => /lib/libwrap.so.0
        libvolume_id.so.0 (libc6) => /lib/libvolume_id.so.0
        libuuid.so.1 (libc6) => /lib/libuuid.so.1
        libutil.so.1 (libc6, hwcap: 0x8008000000008000, OS ABI: Linux 2.6.8) => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libutil.so.1
        libutil.so.1 (libc6, OS ABI: Linux 2.6.8) => /lib/libutil.so.1
        libutil.so (libc6, OS ABI: Linux 2.6.8) => /usr/lib/libutil.so
        libusb-0.1.so.4 (libc6) => /lib/libusb-0.1.so.4
        libusb-0.1.so.4 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libusb-0.1.so.4
        libulockmgr.so.1 (libc6) => /lib/libulockmgr.so.1
        libt1x.so.5 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libt1x.so.5
        libt1.so.5 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libt1.so.5
        libtiff.so.4 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libtiff.so.4
        libticw.so.5 (libc6) => /lib/libticw.so.5

If you want to turn that list into a list of packages, you can do something like this:

dpkg -S $(/sbin/ldconfig -p | awk 'NR>1 { print $NF }')

And you can further massage that to cut out errors, unneeded components and duplicates:

$ dpkg -S $(/sbin/ldconfig -p | awk 'NR>1 { print $NF }') 2>/dev/null | sed 's/\: .*$//' | sort -u
akregator
ark
binutils
calligra-libs
comerr-dev
compiz-core
dolphin
e2fslibs:amd64
freeglut3:amd64
gettext
...


How to install gitslave on Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS?

The main problem here is that the application is old (from 2012).

You have to provide the name for the man-page which is generated by pod2man (see --name option).

cd gitslave-2.0.2/
sed 's/pod2man/pod2man --name gits/' -i Makefile
sed 's/pod2man/pod2man --name gits-checkup/' -i contrib/Makefile

and then continue the installation as was planned:

make
sudo make install