VirtualBox with Windows XP - Am I vulnerable browsing?

No. It's a real install of Windows XP. That isn't safe.

Consider that if you also share things between it and the host, the host isn't safe either. Mapping a network drive in? That isn't safe now and anything that trusts that also now isn't safe.

Even if your browser itself is kept up to date, the software it uses plugins, system libraries, the network stack, etc... They're all slowly becoming abandoned by their developers. That means eventually any exposure to the wild will eventually become hazardous.

I would strongly recommend only using XP in an offline-only setting, if at all. I don't understand why you can't just use Chrome in the host. And there are more options for editing Powerpoint slides than just {Libre,Open}Office and full install of Microsoft Office:

Web: Powerpoint Online
Web: Google Docs
App: Calligra Stage

There are options out there... Many better than Powerpoint-proper. Most free to some degree.


Ubuntu 14.04 Dell Inspiron 15R - unable to adjust brightness

I am using Dell Inspiron 15R N5520 with dual boot Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.

Run the command below in terminal to know what video card is used for the backlight/brightness:

ls /sys/class/backlight/

If your graphics card is Intel, you can proceed with the fix below.
Open a terminal and create the following configuration file, if it does not exist:

sudo touch /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf

Now we need to edit this file. You can use any editor be it a terminal one or graphical.

sudo gedit /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf

Add the following lines to this file:

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "card0"
    Driver      "intel"
    Option      "Backlight"  "intel_backlight"
    BusID       "PCI:0:2:0"
EndSection

Save it.
Log out and log in back. The brightness control should be working through function keys now.


Can't find a .desktop shortcut for VLC in '/usr/share/applications' to copy to my desktop

Since you don't find a .desktop launcher for VLC in /usr/share/applications/, it seems you installed the snap version of VLC instead of the traditional one. In that case you would find the associated .desktop file in the /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/ directory.

If you wish you can also create a .desktop launcher manually by various GUI and CLI ways, refer to this: How can I edit/create new launcher items in Unity by hand?


I just found out that, on the Library Type configuration on the TL are two options: Random and Sequential. I've changed it to sequential, thinking that it was going to force the Library to use the tapes in the numbered order. This option make the changer disappear on the server. I tested change this option back and forth and everytime it is on Sequential the changer disappear.


In my case, these commands helped me to fully remove apache2.

$ sudo apt-get remove apache2*
$ sudo apt-get autoremove
$ sudo apt-get autoclean
$ sudo rm -rf /etc/apache2 /var/lib/apache2 /var/lib/apache2


sudo: /usr/bin/sudo must be owned by uid 0 and have the setuid bit set

Hi i had a similar problem and this is how i solved it.

First reboot your machine and enter the recovery mode from your grub menu
Choose the drop to root shell option.This will prompt you with a control-D to continue just press enter
You are now in a root shell.Do the following

mount -o  remount,rw  /
 chown  root:root  /usr/bin/sudo
 chmod  4755  /usr/bin/sudo
 exit
Go back to the menu and choose resume normal boot


Add locations to GNOME Search file index

This should help you:

gsettings get org.freedesktop.Tracker.Miner.Files index-recursive-directories
gsettings get org.freedesktop.Tracker.Miner.Files index-single-directories

On GUI you can edit them with dconf-editor.

Did you try activating this?

gsettings set org.freedesktop.Tracker.Miner.Files index-removable-devices true


What you want to do is basically creating an Ubuntu derivative (please correct me if I'm wrong).

As long as you choose to distribute free software, the only problem you may encounter is the Ubuntu branding, which has some trademarks. As of writing, the intellectual property policy contains, among others, the following statements:

  ...
  You can modify Ubuntu for personal or internal use
  You can make changes to Ubuntu for your own personal use or for your organisation’s own internal use.
  ...
  Any redistribution of modified versions of Ubuntu must be approved, certified or provided by Canonical if you are going to associate it with the Trademarks. Otherwise you must remove and replace the Trademarks and will need to recompile the source code to create your own binaries. This does not affect your rights under any open source licence applicable to any of the components of Ubuntu. If you need us to approve, certify or provide modified versions for redistribution you will require a licence agreement from Canonical, for which you may be required to pay. For further information, please contact us (as set out below).
  We do not recommend using modified versions of Ubuntu which are not modified in accordance with this IPRights Policy. Modified versions may be corrupted and users of such modified systems or images may find them to be inconsistent with the updates published by Canonical to its users. If they use the Trademarks, they are in contravention of this IPRights Policy. Canonical cannot guarantee the performance of such modified versions. Canonical’s updates will be consistent with every version of Ubuntu approved, certified or provided by Canonical.
  ...

So, in short, if the distribution is for personal or internal use, you have fewer restrictions. If instead you want your distribution to be publicly available for download, you must either get rid of trademarks or ask Canonical for permission.

If you are going to distribute non-free software, then you might encounter other possible legal problems, but they are related to the software's license, not to Ubuntu itself.


Can't Install DeSmuME on Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS

If you can't install it directly, you can use RetroArch with a Desmume core. Works great for me.

For Ubuntu 12.04 and 14.04, you can install latest version from Libretro PPA. First install the PPA on your system:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libretro/stable
sudo apt-get update

And then install Retroarch with Desmume core this way:

sudo apt-get install retroarch libretro-desmume

You can find more instructions on Libretro Forum. Check this post.


Cannot install wireless drivers 16.04 EW-7811DAC

The Edimax driver only covers kernels up to 4.1. You need to find a newer driver that's compatible with your kernel. You might look at http://github.com/abperiasamy/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux


cmake opengl error when building Voxelands

That current error relating to OpenGL is probably due to the missing library libgl1-mesa-dev. This can be installed using sudo apt install libgl1-mesa-dev.

It also looks like you may have the libirrlicht-dev library missing and possibly more.

Looking at the documentation, there are a number of libraries required. It may be worth executing the following:

sudo apt install libopenal-dev libvorbis-dev libfreetype6-dev libx11-dev libirrlicht-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libjpeg-dev libbz2-dev

That should install all of the required libraries to enable you to build the application.


samba permissions/ locked out of folders

For directories in Ubuntu you need to have the 'x' labeled in the permissions for directories. even if you own the directory you can still keep yourself out if you forget to add the 'x' for owner. IE chmod 766 would lock you out of the folder if you were not the owner. or chmod +xwr /folder. Another example would be dxwrxwrx-r, would give group and owner read write and access to the directory and everyone else just read access. However, if you drop the 'x' at the end so its dxwrxwr--r, you will lock everyone out of the directory, but owner and group would be good. The -R means its recursive so it does it all the way down, for both files and directories. Use sudo find /var/{directory} -type f -print -exec chmod 664 {} \; to only change the files and not the directories inside the folder. And depending on what you want to do with permissions, I normally do chmod 775 on the directories, and then do the above find for the rest.

sorry to also fix the command you listed, sudo chmod a=rw -R /mnt/rdisk should be sudo chmod a=xrw -R /mnt/rdisk or sudo chmod 775 -R /mnt/rdisk and then use the find function up top to fix the permissions on the files so they all are not executable.

I didn't see the edit originally, trying to find out now, why the folders are disappearing upon restart.

This is another tutorial that seems to be better written with screenshots and explanations, which maybe a bit better.
https://www.howtoforge.com/samba-server-ubuntu-14.04-lts
and another helpful one.
http://www.krizna.com/ubuntu/setup-file-server-ubuntu-14-04-samba/

Hopefully those help get you over your rough patch.

The document from the website you were looking at.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hFw1YnH9s-1Y9M4VPLgPOOjm1iH6PJOHefg5NhGC4oA/edit?pli=1

I was incorrect, there is no difference between a NAS and a NFS. However, when people talk about NAS they usually mean the systems with multipul drives that can be maintained using a webgui and the like, and NFS is what people normally consider window shares. (this of course is in my experience). So I apologize for getting confused with the nomenclature. The first two sites I listed I think are better written and probably easier to use.


append .mp3 at end of every file in a folder

Assuming the files don't already have any extension at all, then run this from the directory containing the files :-

for file in * ; do mv "$file" "$file".mp3; done

If you want to be extra safe, do this instead :-

for file in * ; do cp "$file" "$file".mp3; done

This will make copies of the files and add .mp3, instead of renaming them. You can always delete the originals afterwards.

Or if you want a graphical interface for mass renaming of files, then have a look at PyRenamer in the Software Centre.


Is there any way to add KDE widgets in unity environment?

There is a widget manager for GNOME/Unity called gDesklets, but it doesn't appear to have a note typing widget.

However, If you simply want a note typing program, you could try Tomboy Notes:

You can make the windows stay on top of other windows by right clicking on the title bar and selecting Always on Top, so you can have your notes open on top of your work:


What is the default GTK 3 Theme Engine in Ubuntu Unity?

I don't think the gtk3-theme-engine is the one you are looking for. Anyway this is on fresh installed Ubuntu 14.04 machine:

$ locate theming-engines
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-3.0/3.0.0/theming-engines
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-3.0/3.0.0/theming-engines/libunico.so

$ dpkg -S /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-3.0/3.0.0/theming-engines/libunico.so
gtk3-engines-unico:amd64: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-3.0/3.0.0/theming-engines/libunico.so

$ apt-cache rdepends gtk3-engines-unico
gtk3-engines-unico
Reverse Depends:
  light-themes
  libgtk-3-0

References:

Gnome Developer: Theming changes for paths
Ubuntu Wiki: Theming - Decorations Switch to Gtk3 theming

It seems to me, a configuration problem.

Check the environment variables by runing env look for GTK_THEME, GTK_RC_FILES, GTK_CSD.

env | grep -i gtk

Look if you have gtkrc in your home folder

sudo find ~/ -iname gtkrc

GTK_THEME force Gtk3 application to use custom themes folder.

GTK_RC_FILES can change some Gtk3 theme settings/properties.

GTK_CSD tells Gtk3 to use Wayland Client Side Decoration, and default for Gtk3 application is to use the new header bar.

Well it was found by shantanu (OP):

  WOW, I found the culprit. export GTK_CSD=1 was in /etc/profile. And
  this variable was forcing gtk3 application to use CSD header.


"E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)"
This is a common problem when Ubuntu is checking for updates while attempting to use apt in a terminal. Check out this previous question for more info E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)


Is there any GUI VPN that I can use for 14.04?

I use OpenConnect, once connected I open Remmina for the GUI connection.


bash - using lftp to mirror specific files from remote folder

I ended up doing the following:

lftp -c 'open ipaddress; user myusername mypassword; mirror -r -N now-2days /files/ /home/user/files/retrieve/; quit'

where

-r is 'don't go to subdirectories';
 -N is 'files newer or created in the last 2 days'


Shell script to create a folder with files name and copy files inside

Here is a quick and dirty script that works:

#!/bin/bash

for file in *.???
    do
        dir=${file%.*}  # cuts off the suffix
    mkdir -p $dir
    scp "$file" "$dir"
    done

Some of your files do not match the pattern _???._?x?x?.*


"ntpd unable to bind to wildcard address 0.0.0.0 - another process may be running"

This is because the ntpdate is running when you try to start the server. I haven't found reasons why to leave it installed so you could remove it if you are using ntp daemon:

sudo apt-get remove ntpdate


You need to shut down the virtual machine
Load the Guest Additions CD
Start the machine again
Through terminal go to that Guest Additions cd
Run this command in terminal when you are there

./VBoxLinuxAdditions


How to use GParted for drivers with data

Well, resizing partitions with Gparted is really easy. You just select any partition you like and then give it a new size! And according to this  you will not loose any data. For more info got to this wiki. If you have a live usb of ubuntu then it has already Gparted with it.


How do I check whether a package from multiverse is installed?

Brute force:

dpkg --list | grep "^i" | awk '{print $2}' | while read P ; do D=$(apt-cache policy ${P} | grep "multiverse" | head -1) ; if [[ ${#D} -gt 0 ]] ; then echo "${P}:${D}" ; fi ; done


Control volume using python script -- no pcm control

alsaaudio goes to the default sound card. By default, this is the first card, which in your case appears to be the HDMI output.

To make the second card the default, add the following to /etc/asound.conf or your ~/.asoundrc:

defaults.ctl.card 1
defaults.pcm.card 1


Pros and Cons of different audio transcoders

lame is about the simplest without having to use a gui front end, as for cropping the resulting mp3 you can use mp3splt to split the mp3 into the part you want and the part you can discard without recoding:

lame file.wav file.mp3

The following chops file into 10 minute slices:

mp3splt -t 10.00 file.mp3


Thanks for the link theodorn

Answering myself, here's a direction if anyone out there is having the same problem.

I tried KXStudio running it from the USB-stick. It worked! I could have sound coming from the audio interface. So I installed it.
I would rather stay on Ubuntu Studio, though.

bests,
skmecs

editing for future reference:
I could solve most of the problems I had using somehing rather old: the Gnome Alsa Mixer.
So I could use Ubuntu Studio smoothly.
I'm sorry I didn't follow the good practices protocol of when I posted this issue, but the problems I had seams to be already solved at the present moment.


Easiest method:
Use fortune and cowsay.

Install fortune and cowsay:

sudo apt-get install fortune cowsay

At the end of .bashrc file in your Home directory add the following line:

fortune | cowsay -f tux

Courtesy: http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/886

Sample Output:

 _________________________________________
/ Your aims are high, and you are capable \
\ of much.                                /
 -----------------------------------------
   \
    \
        .--.
       |o_o |
       |:_/ |
      //   \ \
     (|     | )
    /'\_   _/`\
    \___)=(___/

saji@geeklap:~$

Another method:
Get a good ASCII art from some site(or you can create on your own), create a new file in your home directory, paste the ASCII art in that file(as it is). Let  us save the file as asciiart for now ( you can use any other name you like, just remember to use that name in the .bashrc file). In the .bashrc file, put the last line as:

cat acsiiart

Base idea from: http://dorkbyte.com/2012/08/05/trick-out-your-terminal-with-ascii-art/


I have tried many solutions but this worked for me Solution. I am posting this so that it may be helpful to others

Create an empty folder so that we can install java 1.8

sudo mkdir /opt/java && cd /opt/java
Now lets download java-1.8 version

wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u45-b14/jdk-8u45-linux-x64.tar.gz"
Extract the tar file

tar -zxvf jdk-8u45-linux-x64.tar.gz
Now lets update the alternatives so that system will point to the location where java-1.8 is installed

cd jdk1.8.0_45/
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/java 100
Note: The 100 in above command represents the priority no.  which can set manually

sudo update-alternatives --config java
    Please enter the selection no. which is having the path as  “/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/java” and press enter.

sudo update-alternatives –install /usr/bin/javac javac /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/javac 100
sudo update-alternatives –config javac
sudo update-alternatives –install /usr/bin/jar jar /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/jar 100
sudo update-alternatives –config jar
Now lets try to set up the environment variables


The best thing in these cases is just to print the string before using it so you can see if everything is correct.

command = "sudo insmod /home/hajer/final_module/module.ko src_ip=" +(R1.get())+ "delay=" +(R2.get())+ "tcp_port=" +(R3.get())
print(command)
os.system(command)

My guess is you're missing a space before the delay and tcp_port parameters.

command = "sudo insmod /home/hajer/final_module/module.ko src_ip=" +(R1.get())+ " delay=" +(R2.get())+ " tcp_port=" +(R3.get())

Then clean things up a bit:

command = "sudo insmod /home/hajer/final_module/module.ko src_ip=%s delay=%s tcp_port=%s" % (R1.get(), R2.get(), R3.get())

Also os.system is deprecated, you should use the subprocessmodule instead.


You might need to edit your /etc/fstab to mount your extra drive. Here's how you can check.

Type lsblk into a terminal like Organic Marble suggested. Devices named like sda, sdb, and sdc are going to be distinct drives, while sda1, sda2, etc are partitions of that drive.

If your drive isn't showing up in lsblk, then someone more experienced than I will need to answer your question. I'd guess it means that your drive isn't connected properly, but I don't know for sure.

However, if you do see a drive that's showing up in lsblk, but doesn't have a  MOUNTPOINT, then we can likely assume that it's your drive, and we can follow a few simple steps to get it set up. Let's assume that your device is sdb.

First, figure out which partition of your 500gb drive you want to mount. If you have multiple partitions, then you'll need to do this for each partition. Let's assume you want sdb1.

Next, you need to figure out where you want to mount the partition to. I usually end up mounting all of my drives in the /media directory, with a subdirectory for the partition. for example, my local network share is mounted in /media/fileshare. Either way, decide where you want to mount this partition, and create a folder for it, like this: sudo mkdir -p /path/to/mount/directory.

Next you need to figure out the filesystem type. Type sudo parted -l to get a list of all drives connected to the computer. Find the drive in the list that matches your drive. The partitions will be listed starting at 1; note the column for 'file system'. Let's assume yours is ext4.

Now, open your /etc/fstab file with root permissions using your favorite text editor. Nano is pretty easy to use: sudo nano /etc/fstab. The fstab file contains information about all the drives that get mounted to your computer and tells the OS how and where to mount them. You should see a couple lines in there which correlate to your main drive as well as your swap space. You want to add a new line sort of like this one, but with whatever the values you came up with are:

# partition   mount location  filesystem  options   dump   pass
/dev/sdb1    /media/fileshare    ext4    defaults,     0    2

Where the defaults refers to all of the default options found here. I'm no expert on fstab options, but someone else might be able to help you more here.

Now, save and quit whatever text editor you used, and run the command sudo mount -a; this re-mounts all partitions found in fstab. Assuming you did everything right, your partition should be mounted, and you should be able to access your files from whatever mount point you specified in the fstab file.


Another steam launching problem in ubuntu

I had the same error. I ended up having to install it directly from the Steam website and then complete installation by running it from the terminal.

I hope you got this figured out by now since it's been so long, but just in case you haven't here's what I did:

sudo apt-get purge steam
sudo apt-get clear

Then I removed the file by clicking on the Files icon on the left of the screen and once in there make hidden files visible by clicking on View at the top of the screen and selecting that option. Then you'll be able to see the Steam folder to delete it.

After it's fully removed, go to the Steam website and install the file. When it's finished downloading you can try to click the icon. It most likely won't run, but you can go into terminal to run it like this:

cd .steam/steam
sudo ./ steam.sh

Then it should completely install and work.


You can also run it on the phone via XMir. You need to create a custom launcher for your X11 application, let's say it is called my_x11_app, and the desktop file is ~/.local/share/applications/my_x11_app.desktop, looking like this:
down vote
favorite

 [Desktop Entry]
 Name=My X11 App
 X-Ubuntu-Touch=true
 X-Ubuntu-XMir-Enable=true
 Exec=/path_to_my_app/my_x11_app
 Icon=/path_to_my_app/my_x11_app.png
 Terminal=false
 Type=Application

if you cannot see the app icon on the phone among other apps, just use the search feature, it will rescan launchers and after that the icon will be there.

Additionally, if you need an on-screen keyboard support in the x11 app there are 2 conditions you need to fulfill:

you need to install maliit-inputcontext-gtk3 and maliit-inputcontext-gtk2 packages into your ubuntu phone
you may need to set environment variables in your app, at least export GTK_IM_MODULE=maliitphablet

I wrote an article about this on my blog: http://kriscode.blogspot.tw/2016/09/x-applications-on-ubuntu-phone.html

Alternatively you can install Libertine and use your x11 app with it.


Upgrade to 12.04 results to empty Dash, no date & time either on the top panel

Upgrade only works from the previous version or the previous LTS version. Which means if you did not have 11.10 or 10.04, your upgrade will be a mess, or actually wont happen at all.


Suspend turned off, but computer keeps suspending

You not only have to set the suspend option in the "Power" tab of the system settings, but you also have to go to the "Brightnesss & Lock" tab in the system settings window and change that setting also.

I figured I would leave this up and answer (instead of deleting), just in case someone has a similar problem.


Is it possible to configure LXD in local juju setup to use ZFS on file backed?

answer in /var/log/juju/machine-0.log
2021-03-22 19:52:58 ERROR juju.container-setup container_initialisation.go:118 starting container provisioner for lxd: setting up container dependencies on host machine: juju does not support IPv6. Disable IPv6 in LXD via:
lxc network set lxdbr0 ipv6.address none
and run the command again
after this command juju can run lxc containers.


XUbuntu 14.04 - Logitech Mini Boombox Speaker Fails to Connect/stream sound over bluetooth

There is already a thread that probably answers this:
Cannot connect to bluetooth speaker logitech Boombox

I too had faced the same issue and implemented the solution in the link I shared. However, the problem persisted. Strangely, it went away when I did the same thing (add my logitech miniboom box bluetooth device) using an alternative way (not through the task bar's bluetooth icon). I went through the System Settings dialog, selected Bluetooth (Hardware section) and tried to add the device. It worked!

So my feeling is that you have to implement the instructions in the link (Damian Nadelas's answer) and then add the device using System Settings.


This will occur when you boot without a password.If you reconfigure to use a password at bootup,the keyword thing goes away.There are workarounds to boot without any passwords,but not recomended for security reasons.I havent tried any of these workarounds,but I'm sure you can find them on a security tag.Good luck.It was pointed out to me that getting rid of all password protection is like turning off UAC in windows-BAD idea,very insecure.


'df' command doesn't show file system requested in ubuntu 14.04

My personal explanation to this effect is the following: df reads /proc/self/mountinfo file but doesn't find /dev/sda1 there.

I know it reads /proc/self/mountinfo because when I do strace df /dev/sda1 I get the following line in the output

open("/proc/self/mountinfo", O_RDONLY)  = 3

Now, if we examine that file, /dev/sda is not there, but it does find /dev/sdb there, which explains correct reports for those partitions.

================
xieerqi:
$ grep 'sda' /proc/self/mountinfo

================
xieerqi:
$ grep 'sdb' /proc/self/mountinfo
43 22 8:18 / /media/WINDOWS rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime - fuseblk /dev/sdb2 rw,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
49 22 8:21 / /media/xieerqi/0ca7543a-5463-4a07-8bbe-233a7b0bd625 rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime - ext4 /dev/sdb5 rw,data=ordered

Why it's not there ? I don't know. I can only provide what I've found.

But why does it report udev in the output ? df looks at filesystems, and /dev/sda1 is under /dev folder, which is where udev virtual filesystem is mounted. It's the same behavior if we'd call df FILE, like df /home or df /media/MYWINDOWSPARTITION/RANDOMFILE.txt

I would suggest reporting it as a bug or at least ask the GNU developers about this behavior (copied from man page )

REPORTING BUGS
       Report df bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
       GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
       Report df translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

Edit

In addition, the df / behavior is explained again by /proc/self/mountinfo file having the following entry

22 0 8:1 / / rw,noatime,nodiratime - ext4 /dev/disk/by-uuid/86df21bf-d95f-435c-9
292-273bdbcba056 rw,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered

The root filesystem itself is mounted as /dev/dis/by-uuid/ACTUAL-UUID-NUMBER.

But I don't have explanation for df with no arguments reporting /dev/sda1 rather than the path to disk by uuid. Probably the reason is because /dev/dis/by-uuid/ACTUAL-UUID-NUMBER  itself is a symlink to /dev/sda1, so it resolves it fully without arguments, but with arguments needs to search /proc/self/mountinfo file


+ means that the Intel graphics card is being used. Your Nvidia graphics card is still powered on (see Pwr, if it was off, then it reads Off).

By installing Bumblebee, it will power off the Nvidia graphics card and thereby extending your battery life. You can optionally run programs on the nvidia graphics card using the optirun program.

By not installing Bumblebee, you will have an ineffective heater which may be useful in the winter.


It is part of Linux security that you can not access files owned by root as a normal user.  It has nothing to do with partitions as such.

You should however have a separate ext4 partition for your Ubuntu installation if you are doing a full installation.  If you install within Windows this is called a wubi install.

A wubi install is OK if you want to try Ubuntu, or if Windows is still your primary operating system.  To do a full Ubuntu install you would need to make a bootable Ubuntu disk or USB (LiveDVD or LiveUSB) and boot off that to start the install.

For a minimal install of Ubuntu you would need about 8GB (recommended) for the operating system, plus enough space for whatever data you intend to have in your /home directory.  In actual fact Ubuntu will install in under 4GB but this does not really allow for any room for maintenance updates or installing other programmes.

To access files owned by root to change things in Linux it's necessary to prefix commands with 'sudo'.  For example to update the system from comand line the command is "apt-get update" however as a normal user you will get a permissions error if you do this.  The correct command for your admin user is:

sudo apt-get update

which will update the files list, and

sudo apt-get upgrade

to actually download and install any available updates.

The main area where your user has normal access to is /home/username.  Some of the configuration files are kept there so that each user can have their own working environment, and all of the data is also kept there.

Advanced partitioning topic:

You can have a separate partition for /home if you wish, and this keeps data separate from the / partition.  When Linux boots this separate partition is mounted at /home so that it works seamlessly, as it now appears to be part the / filesystem.  There are some advantages to this, such as making it easier to re-install or upgrade, and the extra safety of having system files and data on separate partitions or even different drives.


Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS High CPU Usage and Running SLow

You can test with a lightweight DE like lxde or xfce by tapping in a terminal:

sudo apt install lxde
sudo apt install xfce4

reboot your computer and at the login screen change to lxde/xfce


Install Kazam, it's a great tool to record single/multiple screens
Install Kazam in Ubuntu

sudo apt install kazam

If you want to install the newer Kazam 1.5.3, you can use unofficial PPA that is available for Ubuntu 18.04 and 16.04:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:sylvain-pineau/kazam
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install kazam

You also need to install a few libraries in order to record the mouse clicks and keyboard presses.

sudo apt install python3-cairo python3-xlib

Source here


Need alternative to Accessibility's "Locate Pointer" to visually highlight the mouse

Maybe you can report an accessibility bug asking for the Ctrl not to be hardcoded, so that you can choose whatever shortcut or unused key you want for it.

Another option might be to ask the Compiz developers to create a less spectacular alternative for their current "find the pointer" effects.

As an alternative, you could change the mouse pointer to something like the "redglass" pointer theme (which as a bonus also allows you to set the size of the pointer).  You can do this from the Appearance dialog, click the Customize button, then the Pointer tab.  You can try out other themes too.


power method script not running on startup

The problem is that power_method has restricted permissions.

Add the line

echo dynpm > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_method

to

/etc/rc.local

And the command will be run with sudo privileges on startup.


Go to /etc/apt/sources.list and delete the line deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.10 _Quantal Quetzal_ - Release i386 i386 (20121017.2)]/ quantal main restricted.


list of installed programs without dependencies

If you have installed using sudo apt-get install, I can show how to get the list of software (and not dependencies).

$ cat /var/log/apt/history.log > ~/Desktop/allhistory.log && zcat /var/log/apt/history.log*gz >> ~/Desktop/allhistory.log

Will make a simple text file on your Desktop called "allhistory.log".

Among other things you will see, for example:

Start-Date: 2014-02-07  20:54:06
Commandline: apt-get install spell
Install: spell:amd64 (1.0-24), ispell:amd64 (3.3.02-6, automatic), ienglish-common:amd64 (3.3.02-6, automatic), iamerican:amd64 (3.3.02-6, automatic)
End-Date: 2014-02-07  20:54:15

Look at the second and third lines. What you want is on the second line. What you don't want, dependencies, is on the third line. That is why I like installing/removing/purging with command line.

Now, to make a list, simply run:

$ grep ^"Commandline: apt-get install" ~/Desktop/allhistory.log > ~/Desktop/installed_apps.log

You'll get a list like this:

Commandline: apt-get install --no-install-recommends rox-filer
Commandline: apt-get install spell
Commandline: apt-get install ibritish
Commandline: apt-get install htop
Commandline: apt-get install --no-install-recommends python-pip
Commandline: apt-get install bootchart

Obviously, you can clean up the output further.

Please note that the above does not apply to installing by any other method.


New to Ubuntu/Linux - Which distro should I install?

I would recommend either Linux Mint or Ubuntu. Before an year, I was a Windows user and tried several versions of Linux. I found Linux Mint as the easiest one, since it comes with most of the codecs and applications by default. Also it's user interface is easy to learn for Windows users. Once you fall in love with Linux (It may take some time, but definitely you will) you can try other distributions and go with your preferred one. (My current OS is Ubuntu 14.04, because of my personal taste.)

A friendly advice dear, don't start with a Linux version which is designed for some special purposes like for hacking or lightweight for old hardware.


How do I stream computer audio only with ffmpeg?

Choosing computer audio

PulseAudio

This can be done with PulseAudio and pavucontrol. From HOWTO: Proper Screencasting on Linux:

  Install pavucontrol. Start recording with ffmpeg. Start
  pavucontrol. Go to the “Recording” tab and you’ll find ffmpeg
  listed there. Change audio capture from “Internal Audio Analog Stereo”
  to “Monitor of Internal Audio Analog Stereo“. Now it should record
  system and application audio instead of microphone.

  This setting will be remembered. The next time you want to capture
  with ffmpeg, it will automatically start recording system audio. If
  you want to revert this, use pavucontrol again to change back to
  microphone input.

ALSA

Alternatively, ALSA can capture system audio if your audio system supports a loopback device often labeled: Stereo Mix, Wave out mix, Mono Mix, or What U Hear. Check in alsamixer to see if you have one of these, but hardware loopback is not as common these days. Then refer to FFmpeg Wiki: Capturing Audio with ALSA for the proper syntax if your system supports this feature.

Otherwise I believe you can make a software loopback with ALSA, but I may be incorrect and have no experience with that.

Crappy script

The ffmpeg command in that awful, re-occurring script has some issues:

-preset should be used instead of -vpre
-qscale is ignored by libx264 (use -crf or -b:v)
The group of pictures is not set (use -g)
VBV should be used (use -maxrate and -bufsize)
The output may not use a compatible chroma subsampling scheme (use -pix_fmt yuv420p)
x11grab input should use -framerate, not -r
-threads 6 seems like an arbitrary number, and not everyone uses the same hardware. You should either use the default (by removing -threads, but it's "greedy"), or set an appropriate value that allows you to encode at a satisfactory rate and yet still allow enough juice to perform the other stuff that you're recording.

The command should be something like this instead:

ffmpeg \
-f alsa -ac 2 -i "$INAUD" \
-f x11grab -video_size "$INRES" -framerate "$FPS" -i :0.0 \
-vcodec libx264 -s "$OUTRES" -preset "$QUAL" -maxrate 1000k -bufsize 2000k -g 50 -pix_fmt yuv420p \
-acodec libmp3lame -ar 44100 -b:a 128k \
-f flv "$STREAM_URL"

Note: Do not just blindly use my example values for -maxrate, -bufsize, -g, and -b:a. You must adjust these according to your needs as described in Encoding for Streaming Sites with FFmpeg. Also see FFmpeg H.264 Video Encoding Guide.


I'm having trouble with a scheduling program

Piping cat to cat is ineffective. Parenthesize, and separate the cats with a ;.
( cat ...file1 ; cat ...file2 )


Unfortunately the window size of the GNOME sound settings is hard-coded and can not be changed. It will adapt its size according to the length of display for a chosen audio sink.

To overcome this we can use a custom name (device.description) for the rather lengthy combined sink to not list all slaves we had used.

Rather than by running paprefs we create this custom named combined sink by loading module-combine-sink (or module-combine in pulseaudio < 1.0) from a terminal (or from our default.pa in case we always need such a combined sink) with the following parameters:

pactl load-module module-combine-sink sink_properties=device.description=Combined

After that the combined sink name will nicely fit into the sound settings window:


If you are looking for a simple solution, you could make a cron job to make these steps. A more Java-like solution would be using JNLP (Java Web Start) or IcedTea-Web (its open source reimplementation).


If your computer is old then it is probably defaulting to unity-2d by default - this is called "fallback" mode.

To check that you are using unity-2d use the linked Q&A below.

If you are actually using unity-3d, then you can logout of the live CD, change session to unity 2D and then log back in.

To do this, press the Dash button and search for terminal.

force a logout by typing:

gnome-session-quit --logout --no-prompt

Change the session to "Unity-2D" by pressing the cog button.

Your username is "ubuntu" and there is no password.

Linked Question

Am I using Unity or Unity 2D?


.sbd is not a file. It is a directory where your downloaded email messages are stored in files. Each file in that directory represents an e-mail sub directory ie. Inbox, Sent or Drafts ... etc.
Each e-mail account you configure in Thunderbird will have its own .sbd directory.
If you delete them, your local copy of your e-mails will be gone.
The emails headers ie. subjects might, however remain and show up in your searches as they are stored in a different format .msf file.
Deleting parts of Thunderbird's active accounts as you did is not the right way and might cause problems.
The right way ( assuming copies of your messages are still on the mail server ) is to close Thunderbird first and back up your e-mail accounts located under your Thunderbird profile in:
~/.thunderbird/

or back up the whole Thunderbird profile like so:
cp -r ~/.thunderbird/ ~/.thunderbird.back

then open Thunderbird and delete the local e-mail accounts in Thunderbird  not the e-mail messages. After that, do the cleanup. Then recreate the email accounts and specify downloading message headers only by default. This way only the messages you click on will be completely downloaded from the mail server while headers only will be downloaded for the rest.
Another way to save space is to select compact all folders in Thunderbird's advanced / general options under preferences.
Extra information is available here and here.


Ubuntu Gnome (w/ Wayland) - install desktop with X?

Not sure if the same works for 17.04 as it does int 17.10, but on my 17.10, when I get to my login screen (the one with my "avatar", username, and password field, I see a small gear next to the Sign In button. When I select that gear (settings) I have a choice of easily switching between Ubuntu (which is the selection with Wayland support), Ubuntu on Xorg (which is obviously "X"), and in my case, Unity. Hope this helps.
Regards,
Richard Huelbig


you can run the command:

sudo passwd username

to create a password for the user. ("username" needs to be changed to the given username)

You could also disable the password, when running the command adduser, by appending the option --disabled-password. But that isn't recommended.


Problem with dual boot with Dell Latitude 5400

Reinstall bios version 1.5.1
Disable automatic update
Wait for a dell fix version to 1.6.5 of the unexplained error.

Dell does not assume the error.


Solved it by downloading the debian packages from Launchpad and installing them manually,1 by 1,even tough they are for quantal.Answered in case anyone else is trying to installing homerun launcher on 12.04.


How to fix the @ and " buttons because they are switched

You have the US International keyboard selected:

You need to select the English (UK) layout:

In Settings go to Language and Region and set the input device from there


Programs look ugly with ClearLooks-Phenix theme, how to fix?

gtk2-engines probably became uninstalled somehow; run sudo apt-get install gtk2-engines to fix it.


PHP not working in Apache2 after system upgrade

/var/log/apache2/error.log should show a line like the below if PHP was succesfully loaded:

  [Tue Aug 30 12:53:36 2011] [notice] Apache/2.2.14 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.3.2-1ubuntu4.9 with Suhosin-Patch configured -- resuming normal operations

Pay attention to the date, if it's something from 2009, you've misconfigured something.

AddType is useless, you need to use:

<FilesMatch "\.php$">
    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch>

See also the installation instructions on php.net for Apache 2.x.

You should not have a need to add that manually, the package libapache2-mod-php5 installs /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.conf containing:

<IfModule mod_php5.c>
    <FilesMatch "\.ph(p3?|tml)$">
        SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
    </FilesMatch>
    <FilesMatch "\.phps$">
        SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source
    </FilesMatch>
    # To re-enable php in user directories comment the following lines
    # (from <IfModule ...> to </IfModule>.) Do NOT set it to On as it
    # prevents .htaccess files from disabling it.
    <IfModule mod_userdir.c>
        <Directory /home/*/public_html>
            php_admin_value engine Off
        </Directory>
    </IfModule>
</IfModule>

Since it's a conffile, it's possible that it's not installed with the upgrade. To fix that purge it and then install it again:

sudo apt-get purge libapache2-mod-php5
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5

To enable PHP, you have to run:

sudo a2enmod php5

Restart the webserver after:

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Other things to do:

check for conflicting settings in /etc/apache2.
have you built Apache from source?
Run sudo apache2ctl configtest to check your configuration for syntax errors
Open http://localhost/server-info to check the loaded configuration and modules. The status module must be loaded for that. If you're running a remote server, you need to add yourself to the Allow from list in /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/status.conf and restart the server afterwards


E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run dpkg, configure a' to correct the problem

Open up a terminal and run the said command:

sudo dpkg --configure -a


/bin/rm: invalid option -- '^M' when running command as cronjob

It sounds like there may be a carriage return at the end of the line in your crontab file (^M is sometimes output by non-carriage-return-friendly programs).  You could confirm this by:

cat -v /var/spool/cron/crontabs/{user}

Be sure to substitute {user} with your username.  If you see ^M in the output, then there are carriage returns in the file.  They can be removed with a program like sed (be sure to backup the file first):

sed -i 's/\r//' /var/spool/cron/crontabs/{user}'

As mentioned in a comment from Lightness Races by Monica, dos2unix is also a good option for removing carriage returns from text files.

The default for dos2unix is to overwrite the file in-place, so after backing up the file:

dos2unix /var/spool/cron/crontabs/{user}


How can I replace my corrupted user's .profile in Ubuntu 18.04 with default?

mv $HOME/.profile $HOME/.profile.bak

This moves your broken profile

cp /etc/skel/.profile  $HOME/

this copies a profile with untouched content.


About blank pages opening alone on chrome

I think I've had the same issue and here's what solved it for me:
It appears that its because I had a Google account set in my online accounts, but Empathy was not able to connect, so I just deleted the Google account in the account list because I don't use it. Now no blank page opens.

I saw this solution in a topic on the French Ubuntu forums.

I have one way to reproduce it in my case: a blank page opens in Chrome each time I use the Unity launcher (for example, I press window, start typing skype, and press enter. Skype will launch and a blank page will be opened in Chrome). The problem is only with Chrome.


It is already available. Please visit official site - http://www.ubuntukylin.com.


How do I install graphviz 2.29 in 12.04?

First a warning for using PPA (mainly unstable)

Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?

The below PPA: ppa:dperry/ppa-graphviz-test is an unstable PPA. So, you are given warning.

Use this commands in a terminal to install the unstable 2.29 version of graphviz.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:dperry/ppa-graphviz-test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoremove graphviz
sudo apt-get install graphviz

If you get this error "graphviz : Depends: libgraphviz4 (>= 2.18) but it is not going to be installed", run the following

sudo apt-get remove libcdt4
sudo apt-get remove libpathplan4
sudo apt-get install graphviz


How do I get Bittorrent Sync to run automatically after a reboot?

I have edited my cron to launch it at every start-up.

Edit cron with crontab -e
insert a line at the end with the following command:

@reboot /absolute/path/to/your/btsync

You might end up with a few different editors:

Using vim/vi you would need to press I to enter typing mode and Esc to quit typing mode, then type :wq and Enter to save + quit
Using nano, you can start typing immediately, then press Ctrl+O followed by Enter to save and then Ctrl+X to quit


How to install Windows 7 after Ubuntu and dual boot?

NOTE: Have a Linux distribution (Ubuntu) on a live CD handy before following the steps below.

Create partitions for Windows 7 using GParted in Ubuntu.
Boot the Windows 7 disk and install it on the partition created in the previous step. (Windows will not provide you with the option of choosing Ubuntu). So Ubuntu would seem unusable.
Recover Ubuntu by using a live CD (or live USB) and following the steps mentioned in Ask Ubuntu question Recovering GRUB after installing Windows 7 (at the end, you should have the option of choosing the operating system from the GRUB menu.)


Installed ubuntu 10.10 on an IBM x40 but can't update!

Ubuntu 10.10 isn't supported since the 10th of April 2012.

apt-get can't “connect to the Internet” because the 10.10 repositories were shutdown.

You could either install directly a supported Ubuntu version (I'd strongly recommend 12.04 LTS or 13.04 / download link) or manually edit the repositories. (I would strongly discourage you from trying the latter if you don't know what you're doing, tough)


I installed Xubuntu 12.10 on my new Lenovo Y500 and also could not adjust brightness, it was at at maximum and could not be controlled.
Get installed and used graphics driver:

lshw -c video

Gave me:

configuration: drigver=nouveau latency=0

changing the value in /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness does not change brightness
booting with acpi_backlight=vendor does not change brightness
etpci -s 00:01.0 F4.B=XX (XX = 00 to ff) does not change brightness

For the moment I solved this by installing the nvidia driver:

sudo apt-get install linux-source
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates

This gives you the terminal command:

sudo nvidia-settings

Go to:
DFP-0-(LGD), Tab: Color Correction

Here you can set the brightness.


Upgrade SSD 1TB to 2TB: pv, vg, lv, and fdisk OK. df says no change

The fix:
I was focusing on the physical partition which the LVM agreed had already been resized. What I needed to do was resize the (edit) filesystem within the mapped LV.
Instead of this:
resize2fs /dev/sda3
It should have been:
resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv


Is there any data loss during dual boot?

It is strongly recommended to first install the Windows OS and then afterwards install Ubuntu.
But this means that you will have to wipe your whole disk and therefore all your data will be lost.

You can backup your /home folder to another disk and restore the content into your new Ubuntu installation.

For this purpose the easiest way is to do it with deja-dup which is included in Ubuntu.
Another alternative could be, that you copy the data you want to keep manually to another drive.


It sounds like you installed Ubuntu on the external HDD but installed the boot-loader on the internal SSD.  When you boot back into Ubuntu using the live CD and attempt to install, what options are you picking?


How do I disable pathname expansion in bash?

The option you arer looking for is noglob and should be set using the shell built-in set.

To enable it:

set -o noglob

To disable it:

set +o noglob

Or also with set -f and set +f.

Yet another method:

shopt -os noglob

and

shopt -ou noglob


many virtual machine admin panels offer a way to grant a virtual machine access to physical hardware.

In kvm e.g. you can add this hardware via virtmanager to the virtual machine. So the access to this host-system's hardware is permitted to the virtual machine and you should be able to use it.

example for adding host.hardware to vm guest in virtmanager by redhat


How to concatenate variable with array element

You're very close.

You need to add double quotes around the array, otherwise -g and eslint will be separated.

npm_base='sudo npm install'
npm_scripts=("-g eslint")

for element in "${npm_scripts[@]}"
do
    ${npm_base} ${element}
done

See https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-for-loop-array/


Use Ctrl+Alt+T to open terminal and run the following command:

sudo apt-get install usbutils


How to hide filesystems from the launcher in unity

Open up disk utility by pressing pressing Ctrl+Alt +T and type in

gnome-disks

Click on the gear icon then click on Edit Mount Options.

Set Automatic Mount Options to Off by clicking it.
untick "Show in user interface" just like in the screen shot. then click OK.

after this step you will need to remount the drive if the drive is not mounted. then you don't need to do any thing.

and now it should be gone from the user interface.


WiFi connection run very slow in Ubuntu 16.04 (USB Stick)

My TP-Link TL-WN821n often disconnected from the WiFi network and didn't reconnect until I forced it. The following link fixed that issue https://github.com/pvaret/rtl8192cu-fixes


First of all, what does the .x tell us?

That the kernel version for 16.04 was not finalized at the time the chart was made.

  What is the difference between 14.04.0 and 14.04.1 or 14.04.2 and is there a way of switching between them in both directions?

What are point releases in LTS versions?

  What does the text below the bars tell us, e.g. v3.19 == Vivid 15.04
  HWE Kernel?

What is hardware enablement (HWE)? So, the HWE update released after 15.04 will use the 15.04 kernel, 3.19.

  In that case what is the difference between 14.04.3 and 15.04?

15.04 will include updates to a number of userland packages which will never hit 14.04. For example, many software from the GNOME project are on 3.10 or older in 14.04, and usually 3.14 in 15.04.

  If one has Ubuntu 14.04.3 installed, what happens when one does not
  use kernel v3.19 but instead kernel v3.13 or v4.2?

Other than that you miss new features (and bugs, accordingly) from 3.19 in 3.13 or gain features in 4.2, nothing special.


To sudo-tar by Transcend StoreJet's Backup Button?

This is actually two questions and you should ask this as two questions instead of one.

With that said, you can use pkexec instead of sudo to get a prompt for a password before executing the script like so:

#!/bin/bash

pkexec env DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY=$HOME/.Xauthority tar czf media/masi/Transcend/backup_home_$(date +%d.%m.%Y | sed 's/\(0\)\(.\)\(\.\)/\2\3/g').tar.gz $HOME/


Cant Uninstall 14.04 and Reinstall 12.04

First ensure that your BIOS is set to boot from the CD.


Unreadable nautilus and thunderbird in gnome session, please see screenshot

I have the same problem for about a year and could not find a permanent solution. There is a simple, temporary solution: If you change the "Antialiasing" option of the Fonts to "None", the characters will re-appear. You can use (Unity) Tweak Tool to do so. The next time you log in, you can switch "Antialiasing" to RGBA or Grayscale until you have the same problem.


using juju with elastic block storage ( EBS )

I think this the thing you looking for. Just look at it.
http://ceph.com/dev-notes/deploying-ceph-with-juju/
  and link below also you will need after Ceph charm deployment.
http://www.webmastersessions.com/how-to-attach-ebs-volume-to-amazon-ec2-instance

P.s. no hard feelings just trying to help.


How can I mirror two monitors with 14.04 on a Dell 5570?

Looking at your screen names (eDP1, DP3), the xrandr command:
xrandr --output eDP1 --pos 0x0 && xrandr --output DP3 --pos 0x0

should allign both screens on position (x)0, (y)0 of the spanning screen layout, setting your screens mirrored in an alternative way.
Effectively, this would be exactly the same as mirroring your screens.
Put the command under a shortcut
To use the command in a convenient way, you can create a shortcut key with the command:
/bin/bash -c "xrandr --output eDP1 --pos 0x0 && xrandr --output DP3 --pos 0x0"

Choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:
/bin/bash -c "xrandr --output eDP1 --pos 0x0 && xrandr --output DP3 --pos 0x0"

to a key shortcut of your choice.
Explanation
The two screens combined make a rectangle,

in which you can position the screens with the xrandrcommand:
xrandr --output <screen_name> --pos 0x0

where 0x0 are the x/y coordinates of the screen in the whole picture. By setting it to 0x0 for both screens, the screens coincide, effectively the same as being mirrored.

EDIT
from your edit, I read you are using FVWM window manager, which apparantly (still) assumes the second screen is next to the first one. In that case
xrandr --output  eDP1 --auto --output DP3 --auto --same-as eDP1

should mirror the screens, but you'll have to see how FVWM reacts on this one.


Your script is executed by Cron and everything works as it is expected. Just Cron isn't designed to output anything into a terminal. So, IMO, the correct question here should be something like: Where the standard output goes within Cron?

Unless it is redirected (>, >>) or piped (|) to another program, everything that usually will be outputted to the STDOUT (if you are execute a command in the command-line), including all error messages, will be sent to the local mailbox of the user that runs the Cronjob. To send/receive these emails you should apply a minimal configuration as it is described here: How do I set Cron to send emails?

Most of the suggestions in the proposed duplication explain how to redirect the output of a Cronjob to TTY or terminal window, but to get the output there you should be login (in that TTY or terminal window) in advance. Here are few additional examples:

Three ways to get output from Crontab
Where is the default place of Cronjobs execution
Cron job to run python script at reboot does not work
Crontab and program that should be executed into a terminal window
How to launch any GUI related application from Crontab in Ubuntu
Adjust brightness with xrandr and cron job

In addition, in this case:

cd /home/ is not needed because your script doesn't write anything there, and the script is called by its full path.
/usr/bin/python is not neede, because you tell the system that is Python script by the shebang #!/usr/bin/env python. But in this case the file should have executable permissions: chmod +x /home/hello.py.


14.04 upgrade problem, 3.8.0-31 generic works but not 3.11.0.14; should I do a fresh install?

From now, the error is in Ubuntu and most in the newest Kernel version.
Just use the older, before fixing. I have the same problem with kernel.


Firefox developer desktop icon is missing

Same here, my FF developer edition icon is transparent since 17.10.

[SOLVED] I sorted out that by replacing the line

Icon=/home/YOU_USER_NAME/.local/share/umake/web/firefox-dev/browser/icons/mozicon128.png

by

Icon=/home/YOU_USER_NAME/.local/share/umake/web/firefox-dev/browser/chrome/icons/default/default128.png

In my case I installed it with umake. In your case have a look at /opt/firefox/browser and find the equivalent icon.


Unable to install 20.04 LTS on Intel NUC 10i3FNH

I strongly suspect your USB hardware — the flash drive or any hubs you may be using — to be the culprit. I have successfully installed Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (server version) with no issue on an Intel NUC10i3FNH with an m.2 SSD (Western Digital in my case). Those USB errors indicate that something isn't communicating properly between the OS and the USB hardware; I've seen them before on NUC 7's, and it's indicative of a failing USB device or port.

Make sure you're plugging the USB drive directly into the NUC's built-in USB ports — no hubs, cables, et cetera; this includes Type C-to-A adapters (or vice versa)
I've noticed that USB ports on the NUCs tend to be very snug, so make sure your drive is inserted fully (turn off the NUC, remove the drive, reinsert firmly, try again)
Try the USB drive in another port. The NUC10s have three USB type A and two type C ports, so you definitely have a choice no matter what sort of drive you're using (please tell me you're not using the SD card slot? LOL)
Try a different flash drive. Even if you only have one fast flash drive and the rest are slow, try a slow one just to see if it works successfully. Also, if your flash drive is USB 2.0, try a USB 3.0 drive if possible, and vice versa.

The company I work for has deployed literally thousands of NUC 7 devices across the United States and India, and we are working on upgrading to NUC 10s... so I've had lots of hands-on experience with this hardware and all its quirks and foibles (much to Intel's dismay, because I harass them about it ).


ubuntu 16.04 some websites are not connected : Solved

Try to see if you can ping chosun.com. I see they use the following IP, 112.175.104.100. You can try to enter that into your browser. If the site loads with the numerical IP but not he domain name, you may have a DNS issue.

Look in /etc/resolv.conf for your DNS servers. If you receive your network information via DHCP this may be set automatically. If you have another working computer, which can connect to site(s) with their domain name(s)s, then see what the DNS server settings are on the working computer, and make sure the two computer's settings match.

You can also try, temporarily, to use Google's DNS servers: 8.8.8.8, and 8.8.4.4, and see if that makes a difference.


You seam to have some recursive call into your configuration.

You can "protect" those point or better; the all file thanks to such check:

[[ echo "$PATH" | grep -q "/opt/android-studio/bin" ]] || export PATH=/opt/android-studio/bin:$PATH
[[ echo "$PATH" | grep -q "/opt/pycharm-3.4.1/bin" ]] || export PATH=/opt/pycharm-3.4.1/bin:$PATH


Accidentally deleted /etc/rc0.d and /etc/rc1.d and cannot boot

The number relate to levels, where it used to be that only levels over 3 were GUI, and the lower levels had less stuff loaded.  Now, it seems that this has been mostly abandoned, at least with Ubuntu.  So, some of them are duplicates.  You can switch levels by using the "init" command, followed by the level, like init 3 runs the scripts in rc3.d.  init 0 shuts down, and init 6 restarts.

If I have any links that don't have a script in your init.d directory, they can probably be safely omitted.

Here are all of my directories:

$ ll rc*.d
rc0.d:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 May 16 09:15 ./
drwxr-xr-x 131 root root 12288 Jun 10 21:59 ../
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    29 May 16 08:46 K10unattended-upgrades -> ../init.d/unattended-upgrades*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    27 May 16 08:46 K20speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    32 May 16 09:15 K20virtualbox-guest-utils -> ../init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    25 May 16 09:12 K65vboxadd-service -> ../init.d/vboxadd-service*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 09:09 K70vboxadd -> ../init.d/vboxadd*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 09:12 K70vboxadd-x11 -> ../init.d/vboxadd-x11*
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   353 Apr 14 02:26 README
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S20sendsigs -> ../init.d/sendsigs*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 08:46 S30urandom -> ../init.d/urandom*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    22 May 16 08:46 S31umountnfs.sh -> ../init.d/umountnfs.sh*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S35networking -> ../init.d/networking*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S40umountfs -> ../init.d/umountfs*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S60umountroot -> ../init.d/umountroot*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    14 May 16 08:46 S90halt -> ../init.d/halt*

rc1.d:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 May 16 09:15 ./
drwxr-xr-x 131 root root 12288 Jun 10 21:59 ../
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 K15pulseaudio -> ../init.d/pulseaudio*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    22 May 16 08:46 K20acpi-support -> ../init.d/acpi-support*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 K20kerneloops -> ../init.d/kerneloops*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 K20saned -> ../init.d/saned*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    27 May 16 08:46 K20speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    32 May 16 09:15 K20virtualbox-guest-utils -> ../init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    25 May 16 09:12 K65vboxadd-service -> ../init.d/vboxadd-service*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 09:09 K70vboxadd -> ../init.d/vboxadd*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 09:12 K70vboxadd-x11 -> ../init.d/vboxadd-x11*
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   369 Apr 14 02:26 README
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    19 May 16 08:46 S30killprocs -> ../init.d/killprocs*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    19 May 16 08:46 S70dns-clean -> ../init.d/dns-clean*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S70pppd-dns -> ../init.d/pppd-dns*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    16 May 16 08:46 S90single -> ../init.d/single*

rc2.d:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 May 22 14:27 ./
drwxr-xr-x 131 root root 12288 Jun 10 21:59 ../
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   677 Apr 14 02:26 README
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S20kerneloops -> ../init.d/kerneloops*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    27 May 16 08:46 S20speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    32 May 16 09:15 S20virtualbox-guest-utils -> ../init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 09:09 S30vboxadd -> ../init.d/vboxadd*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 09:12 S30vboxadd-x11 -> ../init.d/vboxadd-x11*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    25 May 16 09:12 S35vboxadd-service -> ../init.d/vboxadd-service*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S50pulseaudio -> ../init.d/pulseaudio*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 S50rsync -> ../init.d/rsync*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 S50saned -> ../init.d/saned*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    19 May 16 08:46 S70dns-clean -> ../init.d/dns-clean*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S70pppd-dns -> ../init.d/pppd-dns*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    14 May 22 14:27 S75sudo -> ../init.d/sudo*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    22 May 16 08:46 S99acpi-support -> ../init.d/acpi-support*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 08:46 S99grub-common -> ../init.d/grub-common*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S99ondemand -> ../init.d/ondemand*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S99rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local*

rc3.d:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 May 22 14:27 ./
drwxr-xr-x 131 root root 12288 Jun 10 21:59 ../
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   677 Apr 14 02:26 README
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S20kerneloops -> ../init.d/kerneloops*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    27 May 16 08:46 S20speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    32 May 16 09:15 S20virtualbox-guest-utils -> ../init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 09:09 S30vboxadd -> ../init.d/vboxadd*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 09:12 S30vboxadd-x11 -> ../init.d/vboxadd-x11*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    25 May 16 09:12 S35vboxadd-service -> ../init.d/vboxadd-service*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S50pulseaudio -> ../init.d/pulseaudio*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 S50rsync -> ../init.d/rsync*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 S50saned -> ../init.d/saned*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    19 May 16 08:46 S70dns-clean -> ../init.d/dns-clean*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S70pppd-dns -> ../init.d/pppd-dns*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    14 May 22 14:27 S75sudo -> ../init.d/sudo*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    22 May 16 08:46 S99acpi-support -> ../init.d/acpi-support*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 08:46 S99grub-common -> ../init.d/grub-common*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S99ondemand -> ../init.d/ondemand*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S99rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local*

rc4.d:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 May 22 14:27 ./
drwxr-xr-x 131 root root 12288 Jun 10 21:59 ../
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   677 Apr 14 02:26 README
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S20kerneloops -> ../init.d/kerneloops*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    27 May 16 08:46 S20speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    32 May 16 09:15 S20virtualbox-guest-utils -> ../init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 09:09 S30vboxadd -> ../init.d/vboxadd*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 09:12 S30vboxadd-x11 -> ../init.d/vboxadd-x11*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    25 May 16 09:12 S35vboxadd-service -> ../init.d/vboxadd-service*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S50pulseaudio -> ../init.d/pulseaudio*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 S50rsync -> ../init.d/rsync*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 S50saned -> ../init.d/saned*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    19 May 16 08:46 S70dns-clean -> ../init.d/dns-clean*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S70pppd-dns -> ../init.d/pppd-dns*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    14 May 22 14:27 S75sudo -> ../init.d/sudo*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    22 May 16 08:46 S99acpi-support -> ../init.d/acpi-support*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 08:46 S99grub-common -> ../init.d/grub-common*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S99ondemand -> ../init.d/ondemand*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S99rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local*

rc5.d:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 May 22 14:27 ./
drwxr-xr-x 131 root root 12288 Jun 10 21:59 ../
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   677 Apr 14 02:26 README
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S20kerneloops -> ../init.d/kerneloops*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    27 May 16 08:46 S20speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    32 May 16 09:15 S20virtualbox-guest-utils -> ../init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 09:09 S30vboxadd -> ../init.d/vboxadd*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 09:12 S30vboxadd-x11 -> ../init.d/vboxadd-x11*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    25 May 16 09:12 S35vboxadd-service -> ../init.d/vboxadd-service*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S50pulseaudio -> ../init.d/pulseaudio*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 S50rsync -> ../init.d/rsync*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    15 May 16 08:46 S50saned -> ../init.d/saned*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    19 May 16 08:46 S70dns-clean -> ../init.d/dns-clean*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S70pppd-dns -> ../init.d/pppd-dns*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    14 May 22 14:27 S75sudo -> ../init.d/sudo*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    22 May 16 08:46 S99acpi-support -> ../init.d/acpi-support*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 08:46 S99grub-common -> ../init.d/grub-common*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S99ondemand -> ../init.d/ondemand*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S99rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local*

rc6.d:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 May 16 09:15 ./
drwxr-xr-x 131 root root 12288 Jun 10 21:59 ../
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    29 May 16 08:46 K10unattended-upgrades -> ../init.d/unattended-upgrades*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    27 May 16 08:46 K20speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    32 May 16 09:15 K20virtualbox-guest-utils -> ../init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    25 May 16 09:12 K65vboxadd-service -> ../init.d/vboxadd-service*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 09:09 K70vboxadd -> ../init.d/vboxadd*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    21 May 16 09:12 K70vboxadd-x11 -> ../init.d/vboxadd-x11*
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   351 Apr 14 02:26 README
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S20sendsigs -> ../init.d/sendsigs*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 08:46 S30urandom -> ../init.d/urandom*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    22 May 16 08:46 S31umountnfs.sh -> ../init.d/umountnfs.sh*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S35networking -> ../init.d/networking*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S40umountfs -> ../init.d/umountfs*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S60umountroot -> ../init.d/umountroot*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    16 May 16 08:46 S90reboot -> ../init.d/reboot*

rcS.d:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Apr 23 04:38 ./
drwxr-xr-x 131 root root 12288 Jun 10 21:59 ../
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   447 Apr 14 02:26 README
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    16 May 16 08:46 S25brltty -> ../init.d/brltty*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    18 May 16 08:46 S37apparmor -> ../init.d/apparmor*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    17 May 16 08:46 S55urandom -> ../init.d/urandom*
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    20 May 16 08:46 S70x11-common -> ../init.d/x11-common*

The README for rc0.d says:

The scripts in this directory are executed once when entering
runlevel 0.

The scripts are all symbolic links whose targets are located in
/etc/init.d/ .

Generally it is not necessary to alter the scripts in this directory.
Their purpose is to stop all services and to make the system ready
for shutdown.

For more information see /etc/init.d/README.

The README for rc1.d says:

The scripts in this directory are executed each time the system enters
this runlevel.

The scripts are all symbolic links whose targets are located in
/etc/init.d/ .

Generally it is not necessary to alter the scripts in this directory.
Their purpose is to stop all services and thus to put the system in
single-user mode.

For more information see /etc/init.d/README.

Hope this helps


Dual boot with Windows 7, Ubuntu 12.10 boots to grub

Try using boot-repair to rebuild the grub install:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

It will prompt you to do a some stuff while it's running, but this will fix it.

Also, did you set a /boot ?


Window contents corrupt when scrolling in Chrome and vim/gvim

I think it's a bug, so it's reported to VirtualBox folks at https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/13620. I cannot find a solution other than to disable 3D acceleration. Still happens as of Ubuntu 14.10 x64 guest and VirtualBox 4.3.18 r96516.


Can I Import an existing OpenPGP key into Ubuntu for use as my Personal key?

Please don't post screenshots of text. Copy/paste the text directly.
Anyway, the problem is your key needs to be in the Ubuntu keyserver for Launchpad to import it. You uploaded the key to hkps://keys.openpgp.org, which is not part of the SKS pool so the key will never propagate to the Ubuntu keyserver.
You should instead upload the key directly to hkps://keyserver.ubuntu.com then wait ten minutes before trying to import it to Launchpad.
EDIT
"Personal keys" are those for which you have the private key. These will also be displayed when you enter the command gpg -K.


Keyboard and mouse take a long time to respond on boot

If I had the hardware in hand (as you do) I would begin by gradually reducing the number of components on USB Bus 3 and checking the results against previous experience.

In your case, it appears that the Keyboard and Mouse are USB devices and that a device on the USB bus 3 may be causing delays.

My first choice for removal would be the Alcor Micro Corp. Flash Drive as Flash drives are inherently slow and sometimes have problems mounting.

If I still didn't get acceptable results I would disconnect the USB Webcam and try again. (Simply because it appears to be the only other device sharing USB Bus 3 with your keyboard and Mouse.

If I still didn't get acceptable results I would try replacing the Gaming Keyboard and mouse with less sophisticated versions so as to measure the impact of that.

Whether or not you use the USB pass through on the keyboard might also have an impact. Narrowing the field of choices will allow for more in depth examination of root cause.

This approach should help you reduce your time spent waiting on the bus (pun intended) ;-)


Convert OGG (And other formats) to MIDI?

Indirectly, Sonic Visualizer is able to at least help, but won't do it automatically, and you will have to be patient with the job it will requires.

Mini HOW‑TO:

Install Sonic Visualizer (sonic-visualiser from Synaptic or the Software Center).

Open Sonic Visualizer (use the Dash for this).

Open any sound file (AAC, WAV, MP3, …).

You should see a classical waveform graph appearing.

Click the “Pane” menu, then click the “Add Melodic Range Spectrogram” item, then select “All Channels Mixed” sub‑menu (that's typically what you want, but you may work on separated left and right channels).

You should see a new view below the waveform view (which, the latter, you can close if you wish). This view shows the pitch (something close to classical spectrogram).

On the left of the pitch spectrogram, you can see a keyboard‑like ruler. It will be useful, as you will see later.

Now click the “Layer” menu, and then click the “Add New Notes Layer” item.

The mouse cursor now should look like a cross, which will allow you to draw lines, just like in a piano‑roll view.

Take a look especially at what's red in the pitch spectrogram… this is typically the notes of the melody. Draw horizontal lines above it, like in a piano‑roll editor.

You may play/pause as you want, to hear both the original audio file, with the notes playing above it, as MIDI notes (it uses an embedded DSSI plug‑in as the MIDI synthesizer, so you don't have to bother to install and configure one).

When you are done, you may export your job as a MIDI file: click the “File” menu, then click the “Export Annotation Layer” item, then in the dialog box, choose the file type “MIDI Files (*.mid)”.

Save the MIDI files, and voilà!


When placing the results of a awk operation into a variable, my results are being overwritten

Use Bash's modern process substitution syntax $( ... ) or the old process substitution with only backticks ` ... `:

SERVERS=$( $COMMAND $ARGUMENTS | awk -F "commit-sha = " '{ print $2 }' )

What you wrote with (` ... `) runs the code inside the backticks and then creates a list/array (that's what the parentheses do) from its words. If you then try to read the array variable like a normal one, you will only get the first array element back. To get the others, you would have to specify an index.

$ text=(few words in here)
$ echo $text
few
$ echo ${text[1]}
words

I would also say that in this use case, grep with a look-behind probably is a more straight-forward solution, although your attempt with awk seems to be correct as well. It's mostly a matter of taste I guess, but here is what I would write instead:

SERVERS=$( $COMMAND $ARGUMENTS | grep -Po '(?<=commit-sha = )\w+' )

Note: I replaced your original variable names with shorter ones so that the commands nicely fit in one line.


EFI expects the default boot loader to be /efi/boot/bootx64.efi.And, Windows is particular about making sure it boots.

First off, from 8.1 on windows does not really shut down, it suspends to disk ( like a hibernate) so that it boots faster. Second it changes EFI to make entry 0000 (windows) first in the boot order.
First be sure that "Fast Startup" is disabled in Windows. If that doesn't solve the issue do the following work around,

Open the EFI partition on the HDD and copy /EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi to /EFI/windows folder in case you want it later. (this is the Windows bootloader)
Next copy /EFI/ubuntu/shimx64.efi to EFI/BOOT and rename to bootx64.efi, this makes grub the default boot loader. (if you are not using secure boot then copy and rename grubx64.efi)

When in ubuntu, install efibootmgr. Use efibootmgr to delete all efi entries except the netboot.
Then reboot your computer. Make sure the first system you boot into is ubuntu so that it is placed in entry 0000. then boot windows.


guake at right side monitor in dual display environment - Ubuntu 15.10(Wily Werewolf))

I'm on Linux Mint and the following solution worked to me (it should work on Ubuntu as well).
Edit your /usr/bin/guake/ file replacing the get_final_window_rect method with this:

def get_final_window_rect(self):
    """Gets the final size of the main window of guake. The height
    is the window_height property, width is window_width and the
    horizontal alignment is given by window_alignment.
    """
    screen = self.window.get_screen()
    height = self.client.get_int(KEY('/general/window_height'))
    width = 100
    halignment = self.client.get_int(KEY('/general/window_halignment'))

    # future we might create a field to select which monitor you
    # wanna use
    #monitor = 0 # use the left most monitor
    monitor = screen.get_n_monitors() - 1 # use the right most monitor

    monitor_rect = screen.get_monitor_geometry(monitor)
    window_rect = monitor_rect.copy()
    window_rect.height = window_rect.height * height / 100
    window_rect.width = window_rect.width * width / 100

    if width < monitor_rect.width:
        if halignment == ALIGN_CENTER:
            window_rect.x = monitor_rect.x + (monitor_rect.width - window_rect.width) / 2
        elif halignment == ALIGN_LEFT:
            window_rect.x = monitor_rect.x
        elif halignment == ALIGN_RIGHT:
            window_rect.x = monitor_rect.x + monitor_rect.width - window_rect.width

    window_rect.y = monitor_rect.y
    return window_rect

I take it from here, but i changed 80 to 100.


Why do vim and less have such similar keybindings?

Short answer, common historical roots in vi. Their creators were both users of an earlier Unix program, vi.

Here is a rough diagram to put their initial release dates and influence in perspective:

vi 1976
 | \      more 1978
 |  \     /
 |   \   /
 |     v
 |   less 1983
 v
vim 1991

Sources:

vi, 1976
more, 1978
less, 1983
vim, 1991

Vim

Vim, by Bram Moolenaar, is a clone of the Unix program vi. From within vim you can look at the help intro: :help intro, you see:

  Vim is a text editor which includes almost all the commands from the Unix program "Vi" and ...

Less

Whereas the creator of less, Mark Nudelman explains on his FAQ:

  Back in 1983, I was working for a now-defunct company called
  Integrated Office Systems. Some of our software ran on a Unix system
  and produced enormous log files of its transactions. We wanted to be
  able to search these log files for error messages. But the version of
  "vi" we were using couldn't handle files larger than a certain size,
  and our log files often exceeded that size. So we were forced to use
  "more" to view the files. The problem was, once we found an error
  message, what we really wanted to see was the transactions leading up
  to the error; that is, the lines in the log file immediately before
  the error message. But more didn't allow backward movement in the
  file.

So he was already using vi and more when he created less to overcome the limitations of both vi and more at that time.

When you do man less, you see the connection to vi:

  Commands are based on both more and vi.

Vim and Less

So less and vim seem to coincidentally have commands similar to each other, only because, those commands are actually based on vi, which can be seen as their common ancestor.


How to use CD in way similar to a usb like you can Windows

Actually, when we copy file to CD without burning process in Windows, we just copy the file to windows temporary folder. It will not be permanently written to the CD.
Please correct me if I am wrong, but when you move the CD to other computer, the file will not be able to be opened or will not be exist on the CD.
Therefore, it would be not absolutely true if in this case we compare the function of CD and USB as similar.

The easiest way to solve the problem is to use CD burning app or program in Ubuntu.

As examples, please check these pages:

What cd/dvd burning software should I use?

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CdDvd/Burning

Good Luck


If I build a package from source how can I uninstall or remove completely?

Usually you can just use:

make uninstall

or

sudo make uninstall

if the app was installed as root.

But this will work only if the developer of the package has taken care of making a good uninstall rule.

You can also try to get a look at the steps used to install the software by running:

make -n install

And then try to reverse those steps manually.

In the future to avoid that kind of problems try to use checkinstall instead of make install whenever possible (AFAIK always unless you want to keep both the compiled and a packaged version at the same time). It will create and install a deb file that you can then uninstall using your favorite package manager.

make clean usually cleans the building directories, it doesn't uninstall the package. It's used when you want to be sure that the whole thing is compiled, not just the changed files.


Can't see the Username and hostname in terminal

Open you ~/.bashrc file and search for the following text(this starts from line no 59 on my ~/.bashrc:

if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\w\$ '
fi

and then change the PS1 variable in the else part to:

PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '


ubuntu 14.04 LTS hangs during installation

Try redownloading the image and reburning it, I've had the problem before and it really usually just needs to be remade. PS: this is more about "it won't boot" than just "it won't install."


Problems with minimizing and closing windows in Ubuntu 15.04

I tried a lot of solutions, none of them worked for me. This is my personal solution that solved mine, hope this helps.

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool
Launch the tool and in the Unity section click Switcher then uncheck Switch between minimized windows checkbox.

Note: No need to disable any OpenGL or Animation option either form compiz or unity.


Make if statement true when variable matches one of the strings in a list

Save all genres in an array without space. You can then match your token against the array (or you can also say string with words).
#!/bin/bash

a=(Films TVSeries Music Radio)

option="TV Series"

[[ " ${a[*]} " \
    =~ " ${option// /} " ]] \
&& echo true || echo false


Ctrl+Alt+T

Change directory:

cd /etc/lightdm

Make backup for the current configuration:

sudo cp unity-greeter.conf unity-greeter.conf.bak

Edit unity-greeter configuration file:

gksu gedit /etc/lightdm/unity-greeter.conf

OR

sudo nano /etc/lightdm/unity-greeter.conf

You will see presumably there:

#
# background = Background file to use, either an image path or a color (e.g. #772953)
# logo = Logo file to use
# theme-name = GTK+ theme to use
# font-name = Font to use
# xft-antialias = Whether to antialias Xft fonts (true or false)
# xft-dpi = Resolution for Xft in dots per inch (e.g. 96)
# xft-hintstyle = What degree of hinting to use (hintnone, hintslight, hintmedium, or hintfull)
# xft-rgba = Type of subpixel antialiasing (none, rgb, bgr, vrgb or vbgr)
#
[greeter]
background=/usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png
logo=/usr/share/unity-greeter/logo.png
theme-name=Ambiance
icon-theme-name=ubuntu-mono-dark
font-name=Ubuntu 11
xft-antialias=true
xft-dpi=96
xft-hintstyle=hintslight
xft-rgba=rgb

Once I saw some bug at Launchpad, near about "Unity Greeter font do not changes", however common practice people use it widely. Change the property font-name=Ubuntu 11 look alike:

font-name=FreeSans 11

Save your configuration file.

#try restart LightDM
sudo service lightdm restart

And log out, or just restart all (sometimes it is needed):

sudo reboot

Enjoy.

look this question
equal result with dconf editor:


Are my systems vulnerable from CVE-2016-5696?

First of all, the package that it refers to linux-lts-trusty refers to the kernels images. They are named differently in the repositories. If you do apt-cache search linux-.* | grep 'trusty' you will find packages like linux-image-virtual-lts-trusty or linux-image-virtual-lts-wily. In addition , if you open the launchpad link, git.kernel.org link and others from the CVE report you have there all point that this is Linux kernel vulnerability.

So, for linux-lts-trusty, for which Launchpad latest version at the time of me writing this is 3.13.0-93.140-precise1 lists that only for Ubuntu 12.04 fix is needed, for other versions bug DNE(does not exist):

For linux-lts-wily , which is version 4.2.0-42.49-14.04.1 , only trusty (14.04 ) is at risk.

So it really depends on the kernel version you are running. Of course, the best approach would be that your server is upgraded to the latest version, 16.04 LTS , and have newer kernel versions. You didn't provide us with your kernel version so we don't know if you are at risk for this or not.

  It lists the package versions as well as the release versions. Which confuses me. Like it seems to imply that you can run the Trusty source on the Precise OS?

Technically you can run older kernel on newer OS version and vice versa, so yes, that is correct.

NOTES:

Wily Werewolf (15.10) has already reached End of Life and no longer supported. If you are running this version, I strongly suggest you upgrade.
linux-lts-saucy kernel version appears that it doesn't have that vulnerability . That's version 3.11.0-26.45-precise1 . I would suggest any 3.11.x version, but this is still not ideal ; newer versions are preferable.
Tracking linux in the tracker for this CVE for a given release will track the base kernel shipped in that release. Tracking linux-lts-* in the tracker for this CVE will track an HWE kernel, available only in LTS editions which get HWE updates. Until all of them are "released" or "fixed", for all Source packages and all relevant distributions on the Tracker, you are not going to be able to 'avoid' the CVE.


How to change the permission of my internal cd/dvd drive?

The easiest thing is to add an entry to /etc/fstab like:

/dev/sr0       /media/cdrom       auto        noauto,owner,ro,users  0   0

Then you should be able to run

mount /media/cdrom

as a normal user.  Alternatively, you can pass the uid= and gid= options to mount (when running under sudo) to tell mount who you want to own the mounted filesystem.

man mount

for more information.


libjpeg installed but teamviewer cannot locate

It takes some time.
The index for locate is stored by default in:
/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db
And it is updated periodically by the updatedb utility.
If your run updatedb and still locate doesn't find libjpeg.so.62, that's odd and worth checking the configuration.
As for TeamViewer, I suspect that the problem is that you installed the 32bit version of TeamViewer, which looks for 32bit version of its dependencies.
Check this support article:
https://www.teamviewer.com/en/help/363-how-do-i-install-teamviewer-on-my-linux-distribution
And this question:
Installed Teamviewer using a 64-bit system, but I get a dependency error
Edit:
For TeamViewer 12.0.71510, dpkg -I reports the following dependencies:
libc6 (>= 2.11), libgcc1, libasound2, libdbus-1-3, libexpat1, libfontconfig1, libfreetype6, libjpeg62, libsm6, libxdamage1, libxext6, libxfixes3, libxinerama1, libxrandr2, libxrender1, libxtst6, zlib1g

You can either do a bulk install of all these, or install only those that TeamViewer complains about, but either way, you need to add the :i386 specification.
So for example: libc6 becomes libc6:i386 and libjpeg62 becomes libjpeg62:i386.
(This is also explained in the answer I've linked above, but the dependency list is outdated there).
If you have to use synaptic, there's an "Architecture" filter that might help to find the i386 versions of those dependencies.


It looks like you're trying to execute the universal jar file, which is something you can't do.  From the Forge website, download the file labeled Installer rather than Universal then execute that.


Make davfs2 accept wild card certificate (webDAV)

The problem has in fact nothing to do with how webDAV handles wild cards, but everything to do with how X509 certificate extensions are handled.

As it turns out Subject Alternative Name is a misnomer, according to RFC 5280 (section 4.2) an application MUST reject any extensions it does not recognize if they are marked as critical (if they are marked as non-critical they MAY be ignored), but if an application recognizes an extension it MUST be used.

What this means is that when webDAV encounters a SubjectAltName it checks that and only that against the server name. The Common Name with my wild card in it is completely ignored. The Subject Alternative Name doesn't provide the alternative or additional names, it must provide ALL identifying names.

Thus put all the domain names including the wild card into the SAN.


Wubi installed Ubuntu 12.04 is not booting suddenly and showing GRUB prompt instead

If You have a 12.04 Live CD or bootable USB, Boot using that to Live Mode.

Then mount your 'root.disc' and 'oldroot.disc' files in two folders in Live users home folder. (I'm assuming your two files as root.disc and oldroot.disc, You'll use the exact name for them in the commands)

First make two folders

mkdir newroot oldroot

Then mount them accordingly

sudo mount -o loop root.disc ~/newroot

sudo mount -o loop oldroot.disc ~/oldroot

Then copy all files from newroot's boot to oldroot's boot

sudo cp -r ~/newroot/boot ~/oldroot/

After copy is finished, unmount both of the files.

sudo umount ~/newroot
sudo umount ~/oldroot

Exit from live session. Make necessary adjustment to use the oldroot.disc file such as renaming. After that start your Ubuntu with the hope it is fixed.


Go get Unetbootin, pendrive with at least 2 GB space and an Ubuntu iso of course. You have to start Unetbootin, browse to the iso, choose the right pendrive and start. After it's done, boot from USB and start installation. Remember to choose right partition. Done :)


Unable to connect to Airlive Wireless AP through Ethernet

Setup a new interface with the settings they suggest:

(right-click) on Network icon (up/down arrows)
select Edit Connections
click on 'Add' for wired

enter the name for this new connection
select 'IPv4 settings'

method: 'Manual'
Addresses: 'Add'

fill in the numbers  (per image below)
click 'Save'

This should automatically connect, and hopefully assign DNS, etc.


How to restore xfce4 after "accidentally" running "sudo startxfce4"?

When you run a command with sudo, it does not change the value of the HOME environment variable:

firas@wakaba ~ % sudo env | grep HOME
HOME=/home/firas

This means that if the program you are running needs to access files in the user's home directory, it will use your home directory. However, it will still be running with root privileges, so any files it creates will be owned by root. This is a problem, because if you subsequently run the same program with your user privileges, the files created as root may not be accessible to you. Fortunately, the fix is simple: because your home directory and everything it contains is normally owned by you, in normal circumstances you just need to do

sudo chown -R username /home/username

to restore the correct permission. If for some reason you need to have files owned by other users in your home directory, the responsibility is on you to know what they are and restore ownerships accordingly.

By the way, if you want to run a program with sudo and change the HOME environment variable to the home directory of the target user, just use the -H flag: sudo -H program. To make this permanent, set the always_set_home flag in your sudoers file.


Cannot see Samba configuration tool in the Dash in ubuntu 14.04

To see the GUI for Samba, run:

sudo apt-get install system-config-samba

then go to the dash and type system-config-samba and that should be the only icon left.  Click that one!

Sorry for the back-and forth. I should have done the apt-cache search samba GUI as the first thing!


This seems to be uefi problem. Try booting in bios or legacy mode and then install the distro you want and this time grub would install.

If you want uefi installation, check this.


Authenticating samba shares with active directory users and groups

Try following the official guide: https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/samba-ad-integration.html

I'm guessing you haven't linked the password files, as it says Samba and likewise use separate databases.

Best of luck.


hpacucli on HP ProLiant DL320e Gen8 with Ubuntu 12.04LTS 64bits

for your class of hardware  (Gen8)

there is this technote: http://h20565.www2.hp.com/portal/site/hpsc/template.PAGE/public/kb/docDisplay?javax.portlet.begCacheTok=com.vignette.cachetoken&javax.portlet.endCacheTok=com.vignette.cachetoken&javax.portlet.prp_ba847bafb2a2d782fcbb0710b053ce01=wsrp-navigationalState%3DdocId%253Demr_na-c03742583-1%257CdocLocale%253D%257CcalledBy%253D&javax.portlet.tpst=ba847bafb2a2d782fcbb0710b053ce01&ac.admitted=1385649180186.876444892.492883150

who says  :
Advisory: HP ProLiant Gen8 Servers - The HP Dynamic Smart Array B120i and B320i Controller Driver for Linux and VMware (hpvsa) Must Be Downloaded from HP.COM in Order to Use RAID Functionality

Not sure that HP provides drivers for other distribution than RedHat and SuSE.

I suggest to get expert advice from you HP support to validate.


How to fix MATLAB R2014 greek letter/latex font support

Installing some additional X fonts as described here solved the problem with greek letters, and also made the default font a better looking font than the monospaced font that was being used before.

sudo apt-get install xfonts-base xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi

xfonts-base was already at the newest version, so I think it was just the other two that made a difference. Remember to log out and log in to make the changes effective


I think the lag comes from network connect. In my case, I use an almost same machine as you, TF2 runs OK. When I see lag, the ping goes high.

My machine is an Dell XPS-L421X with 4G RAM, and an "Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller".

Otherwise the TF2 is full of bugs. many times it crash with a messagebox show "failed to lock vertex buffer in CMeshDX8::....." or "Out of memory".

I heard that the Intel video card driver not cache something on Ubuntu but it does in Windows which can faster the game's loading, but no effect the running speed. The whole "loading" progress need 3 minutes.


How can I install Ubuntu if my computer doesn't boot from the CD?

Try doing off a Live USB.

Using a USB drive?
Most newer computers can boot from USB. You should see a welcome screen prompting you to choose your language and giving you the option to install Ubuntu or try it from the CD.
If your computer doesn’t automatically do so, you might need to press the F12 key to bring up the boot menu, but be careful not to hold it down - that can cause an error message.

From: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/install-ubuntu-desktop


Installing Ubuntu alongside pre-installed Windows 8

Look at this article to see how to Try Ubuntu.

Make a backup of your Windows Installation and make sure you create a Windows USB stick (unless you have a Windows installation
disk) alongwith your Ubuntu USB drive before going further.
Secondly, yes you can install Ubuntu manually. Make sure that you
do not modify the partition containing Windows. All of this is reversible, so don't worry.
If, after installation, GRUB sees Windows, you're all set, otherwise
try this answer.
If GRUB doesn't see Windows, you can still try updating
manually.
If you want to go back, see this.


The cause
If you install an application via apt-get, you can be pretty sure a correct .desktop file is installed in /usr/share/applications. That leaves us the only option that there must be an outdated .desktop file, representing Eclipse, in ~/.local/share/applications, most likely of a previous locally installed version, or some application must have created a local version of the previous .desktop file.
Since local .desktop files overrule the global ones, you will have to remove it.
What to do
Run the command:
rm ~/.local/share/applications/*eclipse*

This will remove all local version(s) of the .desktop file. Subsequently log out and back in. It should be fixed.


Windows "jumping" between monitors when scale plugin used

I have a suggestion you might try. Launch Compiz, go to Windows Management, and click on Scale then click on the Behaviour tab.

Check to see what your setting for "Multi Output Mode" is. Try setting it to "On current output device" and see if that helps any...

I hope this helps... Good Luck!


You actually have two options,

Meme Ninja. It is a simple meme creator application and is still under development. For installing type,$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nemh/gambas3
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install gambas3-runtime
$ wget -c https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/29344756/MemeNinja-Alpha.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i MemeNinja-Alpha.deb
$ sudo apt-get install -f

To add custom meme images, paste them to: /usr/share/meme-ninja/Characters
To add new frames, paste them to: /usr/share/meme-ninja/Frames
To add new effects, paste them to: /usr/share/meme-ninja/Text Styles

Source : Install Meme Ninja

2.Memes! Memes! It is an easy, simple nad fast meme generator for Ubuntu. It comes with some default templates and the ability to use custom images to create your own memes. Link : Memes Launchpad