I tried to make my ubuntu 12.10 boot faster using the following link's instructions.It crashed my unity launcher and menu bar .How do i fix this.

Looks like that link just screws with your grub configuration... so reloading it with the live disk should 'theoretically' fix it if that is the problem.

See Ubuntu's guide for how to recover grub with the live disk, it's meant for being done after installing windows but basically does what you want in this case.


Ubuntu 11.10 stuck on the purple load screen with the 5 progress bullets

Press Esc to view the log.

Disable splash by using following command

sudo mv /etc/init/plymouth.conf /etc/init/plymouth.conf.disabled


Kill a process of a user Whose username start with a particular prefix?

The processes can be killed by using the following commands.
This runs killall for all users beginning with cs or ec

for user in `getent passwd|cut -d: -f1|grep -E '^(cs|ec)'`;do killall -u $user;done

The next command goes through the process list and kills all processes of users whose name begins cs or ec

ps -ef|grep -E '^(cs|ec)'|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill

The latter is better and less resource hungry.


How to use my android phone's storage as Swap memory?

No, it's not possible.
PC accesses android phone's storage via MTP, and MTP is not a block device driver.  It's impossible for kernel to put a swap on it.


Is there any anti-theft / robber-spy application on Ubuntu Touch?

Ubuntu touch is still on development. The applications that will be in the final version are still being developed, or are in the planning steps.

The only way to know is checking the Blueprints, which includes all the current applications.

I didn't see a specific app about this, you can ask in the Developers Community G+ page:

  Questions? if you've got any questions about this collection of Ubuntu Touch apps, or about app development in Ubuntu, you can join and ask our community of developers.


Customize push notification position in GNOME

You may use a GNOME shell extension called "Panel OSD" to achieve your goal.

This extension lets you configure the position of the notification pop-up.


arduino: serial communication/uploader not working

The serial communication/uploader problem was fixed for me by following the instructions for installing Oracle java 8 from this posting:

https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-java-on-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux

on a newly installed Ubuntu 18.04 LTS system.  After installing Oracle java 8:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install oracle-java8-set-default

the Arduino IDE worked properly.


Problem solved..  I ended up removing xorgxrdp and reinstalling it alone.  I got an error about 2 package dependencies that I ended up manually installing.  Once I did that, xorgxrdp installed fine and everything works perfectly.


ubuntu-touch on convertible (x86, 12.04)

Read here https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Porting:
"As Ubuntu Touch is running in a separated container on top of an Android kernel and services, the communication between them happens via Binder, Sockets and libhybris."

Ubuntu touch has a kind of Android based layer where Ubuntu Touch is working on top of it. At least for the first release this will probably the first choice so that many android models can be ported to Ubuntu Touch with reasonable effort.

But this means also that any other device which is not based on android will be very (extremely) difficult to be ported.

Sorry.


Offline upgrade 12.04 LTS SERVER to 16.04 LTS (live DVD)

You boot from the cd to reinstall.  If you want to upgrade, you use do-release-upgrade.  If you happen to have the new server cd you can use apt-cdrom to add it as a package source to avoid downloading any packages that are already on the cd.  If you mean that thing the desktop cd does where it deletes the system files, keeps your home directory, and then installs the new release, no, the server cd does not do that as far as I know.


Anaconda-Navigator desktop launcher fails to start application

It seems like the .bashrc environment fails to load with your desktop launcher. That is why you need to manually specify the $PATH in the command that you want to execute. Try editing your desktop file (or create a new Anaconda.desktop file, if you have deleted the old one) with the following content.

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Anaconda-Navigator
GenericName=Anaconda
Comment=Scientific PYthon Development EnviRonment - Python3
Exec=bash -c 'export PATH="/home/meghana/anaconda3/bin:$PATH" && /home/meghana/anaconda3/bin/anaconda-navigator'
Categories=Development;Science;IDE;Qt;Education;
Icon=spyder3
Terminal=false
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=text/x-python;

Did you notice the difference? Read this article on the anatomy of a .desktop file to learn more.

In order to add the application to your applications menu, simply copy the desktop file to /usr/share/applications. In order to do so, fire up a terminal and navigate to the directory where your desktop file is located, then type in the following command.

sudo cp Anaconda.desktop /usr/share/applications

Obviously, you have to replace the name Anaconda above by whatever name you have given to your desktop file. Hope this helps.

Cheers!


Medion MS-7797 : doesn't boot after install

SOLVED

I always manage partionning myself.

So I defined :

/ 22 GB
/home   : the rest of the disk

It's easier when I upgrade or reinstall Ubuntu.

I cannot boot on the disk when I defined the partition myself, even when I disable Secure Boot ...

I enable again Secure Boot.
I reinstall, but I chose the option "Use ALL the disk" (automaticaly partitionned)

And now, it's work.

I see with GParted a special parition fat32, EFI System Partion, 512 MB.

And the / partition after, using all the space.

I reboot on USB only to reduce the / partition and create a /home.

I receive a message "Invalide signature" for the USB drive, but it works.

I go in Bios and change the Secure Boot check to "Always Execute".
And all is OK

... Really, for us, Secure Boot is not interesting.


If all that is wrong is you've forgotten your passwords, you shouldn't have to remove Ubuntu and erase your HDD. What I would do is simply boot up Linux in live mode from my Ubuntu USB thumb drive, chroot into the hard drive installation, and change your passwords. Easy peasy...

Boot from your Ubuntu USB Thumb drive in Linux Live mode. Don't re-install Ubuntu.
Once booted into live Linux, open a Terminal and start working through these commands:

mkdir linux

sudo mount /dev/sdXX linux

(replace "/dev/sdXX" with whatever device/partition number is correct
for the "/" root Linux partition on your hard drive. You might need to run "gparted" to have a look at your partition tables to figure out what is what)

sudo chroot linux /bin/bash

mount -t devtmpfs udev /dev

mount -t proc proc /proc

mount -t sysfs sysfs /sys

passwd USERNAME

(replace USERNAME with whatever your user name was. Or use "root" to change the root password on your HDD).

The chroot command lets you operate on your HDD's Linux system as if you were booted from it, even though you're really booted from the USB thumb drive. It also acts kind of like "su -" in that you will be in your HDD's Linux as root (without requiring your HDD's root password).

Once all that is done, you have to unmount all the stuff we previously mounted from within the chroot environment before exiting. Otherwise, Ubuntu will have a hard time unmounting the Linux partition cleanly when you shutdown.

umount /sys

umount /proc

umount /dev

exit

sudo umount linux

sync

And there you have it. Shutdown and reboot into Linux on your HDD and you should be good to go!


Mouse Button Order Gets Reset after Restart

I have found the solution as follows:

First, create shell script with following line:

xmodmap -e "pointer = 3 2 1"

You can find the documentation on https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MouseCustomizations

Then add it to Autostart program as follows and make sure You have selected run on as Before session startup


Can I use my computer as an A2DP receiver / bluetooth speaker?

To use your Ubuntu machine as an a2dp Bluetooth device, you must first configure it to register as an "a2dp sink" endpoint.

The bluez package in Ubuntu (10.04 and above) includes a utility called sdptool that can be used to check whether a Bluetooth device is configured as an a2dp sink or not.  Here is the output from sdptool run against my Bluetooth headset (the address is taking from the "Bluetooth settings" dialog in the gnome-control-center):

$ sdptool search --bdaddr 00:18:16:3A:3B:D4 a2snk
Searching for a2snk on 00:18:16:3A:3B:D4 ...
Service RecHandle: 0x10002
Service Class ID List:
  "Audio Sink" (0x110b)
Protocol Descriptor List:
  "L2CAP" (0x0100)
    PSM: 25
  "AVDTP" (0x0019)
    uint16: 0x102
Profile Descriptor List:
  "Advanced Audio" (0x110d)
    Version: 0x0102

$

and here is the output when run against my local Ubuntu machine:

$ sdptool search --bdaddr local a2snk
Searching for a2snk on FF:FF:FF:00:00:00 ...
$

This shows that the Ubuntu machine is not advertising itself as an a2dp sink.  It is advertising itself as an a2dp source however:

$ sdptool search --bdaddr local a2src
Searching for a2src on FF:FF:FF:00:00:00 ...
Service Name: Audio Source
Service RecHandle: 0x10003
Service Class ID List:
  "Audio Source" (0x110a)
Protocol Descriptor List:
  "L2CAP" (0x0100)
    PSM: 25
  "AVDTP" (0x0019)
    uint16: 0x102
Profile Descriptor List:
  "Advanced Audio" (0x110d)
    Version: 0x0102

This enables the Ubuntu machine to pair correctly with the headset as an audio source, but it does not enable using the Ubuntu machine as an output (sink) for Bluetooth audio.

If you edit /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf, you can enable a2dp sink support by adding this line underneath the [General] section:

  Enable=Source

This is both counterintuitively named--since what we're adding here is Bluetooth sink support, not source support--and in contradiction with the comment in this file that claims all implemented services are enabled by default. :(

After making this change, you will need to restart bluetoothd by running sudo service bluetooth restart.

If you have previously paired your Android device and Ubuntu computer while trying to get this work, you will need to delete the pairing on both sides and re-pair them in order to get Android to recognize Ubuntu as an available audio device.

Once you've done this, the Android device should show up as an input device under PulseAudio. If PulseAudio does not detect the new Bluetooth audio source, you may need to install and load the Bluetooth module, from the command line:

 sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
 pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover

Then you need to tell PulseAudio to route this audio input to your output/sink (such as your speakers, or a Bluetooth headset) using a loopback connection (a straight line from a source to a sink).

Later versions of PulseAudio may have module-bluetooth-policy included and it may already have set up a loopback device for you, but this does not seem to be the most common case.

A semi-automatic way to set up the loopback connection - if you also have the pavucontrol GUI program installed - is to simply load the loopback module and configure it using pavucontrol, since PulseAudio will remember the settings. Loading the module is done from the command using pactl:

 pactl load-module module-loopback

Don't fear if you don't hear anything yet, or if you get strange feedback effects, we need to tell the newly created device which source to get input from and which sink to send the output to first.

Open pavucontrol and open its Configuration tab. Make sure your Bluetooth device shows up here (after pairing with it using blueman-manager or another Bluetooth tool) and the profile is set to A2DP. Switch to the Input devices tab and make sure your device shows up here as well and is not muted. Now switch to the Recording tab and make the newly created loopback connection use your device as a source with the select box next to the mute button. Switch to the Playback tab to select the sink the loopback connection should use in the same way. If the loopback device does not show in the tabs, make sure all streams are displayed using the selectbox at the bottom of each tab.

You should now hear the audio from your device, if it's playing, in your speakers, or whichever output sink you selected. When your device is disconnected the loopback device will fallback to an available sink and source, which may not be desirable, so make sure you mute the loopback device until you need it. The loopback connection will restore the same sink/source the next time the same Bluetooth device is connected thanks to the module-*-restore modules.

If that doesn't work, or you don't have pavucontrol installed, you may instead set up the loopback using the following method:

 pactl load-module module-loopback source_dont_move=yes source=$BTSOURCE sink=$SINK

(Replace $BTSOURCE with the source name for your Bluetooth device as seen by PulseAudio, e.g. bluez_source.14_DA_E9_2A_D7_57; and replace $SINK with the name of the PulseAudio output you want to send the audio stream to, e.g: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo. You may leave out the sink argument entirely and have it fallback to an active sink, and change it later via pavucontrol.)

You can find $SINK with pactl list sinks, it's shown after Name:
Similarly you can see the $BTSOURCE with pactl list sources
The source_dont_move argument prevents the loopback connection from falling back to another audio source when the Bluetooth device is disconnected. It is instead removed and you'll have to set it up again next time.

Here's what an example one would look like (Remember to replace the : with _ in the Bluetooth address!):

pactl load-module module-loopback source_dont_move=yes source=bluez_source.14_DA_E9_2A_D7_57 sink=alsa_output.pci-0000_00_14.2.analog-stereo

If loading the fallback module fails, try removing the source_dont_move=yes argument, it was made available first in version 1.0.
Then be careful however to remove this loopback connection before you drop this audio, or if for instance your laptop microphone is unmuted, you may get some very bad feedback.  To drop this loopback connection manually when you're done, run:

pactl unload-module $(pactl list short modules | grep "loopback.*$BTSOURCE" | cut -f1)

Again, replace $BTSOURCE with the name for the PulseAudio source that refers to your Bluetooth device. You may also unload the module using the id returned by the load-module command:

$ pactl load-module module-loopback source_dont_move=yes source=bluez_source.14_DA_E9_2A_D7_57 sink=alsa_output.pci-0000_00_14.2.analog-stereo
15
$ pactl unload-module 15

References:

Blog post outlining some of the details on how this is being fixed in Ubuntu.


Strange issue installing with pip3 on Ubuntu 16.04

After doing some more digging I found this advice for how to remove pip:

$ python -m pip uninstall pip setuptools
Uninstalling pip-10.0.0:
  Would remove:
    /usr/local/bin/pip
    /usr/local/bin/pip3
    /usr/local/bin/pip3.6
    /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip-10.0.0.dist-info/*
    /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/*
Proceed (y/n)?

Saying yes resulted in a permissions error, and using sudo gave me /usr/bin/python: No module named pip so I decided to just delete the files myself manually with sudo rm -rf /usr/local/bin/pip /usr/local/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3.6 /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip-10.0.0.dist-info /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip

Afterwards pip seemed to actually be gone, and then I reinstalled with sudo python3.6 -m easy_install pip

Afterwards I had an up to date pip, and I am now able to install with pip3 install --user requests. Without the --user flag I get permissions errors, but I am fine to use the flag as long as it works!


Resizing extended partition with gparted

Managed to solve my issue, reflecting on Nattgew's comment.

Since you cannot move an extended partition through gparted, you have to expand it, then move the inside partitions and then shrink it on the other side.

The problem was that the partition was set to be aligned to MiB, and after taking the available space it became unaligned on the right, leaving a small chunk of data on the other side. That was the "unsatisfied constraint", removing the align to MiB constraint solved this since it didn't leave the chunk and could be expanded properly


How can I use KDE on Ubuntu, except with the Gnome shell login?

Install Kubuntu package by

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop^

and then set GDM as default by

sudo dpkg-reconfigure sddm # choose gdm here


Difference between 'sudo apt-get' and 'sudo -E apt-get'

The magic word here is proxy. In your environment you will have proxy information set that allows you to access the internet.

The environment variable http_proxy contains your proxy settings.
Execute echo $http_proxy to see them (maybe $HTTP_PROXY).

If you run sudo <command>, the command will be executed in its own environment as root. If you add the -E option to sudo, the command will be executed as root, but with most of your environment copied over.

You can check that by executing the following three commands:

env
sudo env
sudo -E env


Have you installed additional drivers for wifi?
If not, get a temporary wired internet connection and install it.
you can install it by searching additional drivers in unity or by using gksu jockey-gtk command.

Press the start button on your keyboard and type additional drivers, select the additional drivers application, you'll get a window like the one shown below. install your wifi driver in there.


I'd suggest purging the driver and reinstalling - for which you can find general information here.


Yes, according to the DIGImend project the Huion K58 is supported in Linux kernel versions >=3.11 which is available in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (I am currently running 3.13.0-43 on Ubuntu 14.04).


I was able to get this setup running within a virtual machine. Granted, I have no idea how to connect to it, etc. since I'm no Minecraft player. However, it seemed to install successfully.

The reason you don't have /var/www/multicraft is that you did not run the installer as 'sudo'. Since you weren't UID/GID www-data, the files weren't able to be created within /var/www. However, there were a couple other quirks I encountered while doing this so I'm going to provide you a guide so that you don't run into any more pitfalls (at least upto and including installation).

So, here's my step-by-step intro to how to get this up and running (tested in a 14.04 Server VM).

Run the multicraft installer: sudo ./install.sh
All default settings should be fine.
You now have the files in /var/www/multicraft, however we have to make a few more changes to get the installer to complete.
Next, there are a couple of requirements for working with sqlite databases and enabling capchas (if applicable). php5-sqlite is, of course for sqlite and php5-gd is for the capchas. sudo apt-get install php5-sqlite php5-gd
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
In Trusty, there is no <Directory> entry and the default folder is /var/www/html instead of /var/www.
Change DocumentRoot to /var/www if it's not already
Add the following <Directory> entry below CustomLog to ensure the protected directory's .htaccess file gets parsed properly:

<Directory /var/www/multicraft>
  AllowOveride all
</Directory>

This tells Apache to parse the .htaccess file in /var/www/multicraft and all sub-folders.
Then, restart apache to apply the changes: sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Now you should be able to navigate to http://[IP]/multicraft/install.php to do the installation.
After installation, run the daemon like this: 'sudo /home/minecraft/multicraft/bin/multicraft -v start'
There is no auto-start functionality for this program, so you may look into making your own init script in /etc/init.d (see /etc/init.d/skeleton and here) (NOTE: I'm not advocating making an Upstart job due to Canonical's recent announcement planning to scrap Upstart for systemd in the future.)


What is it?

I noticed that this command does not work in my shell (fish, friendly interactive shell). It seems like it does only work in bash (Ubuntu's default).

chocobai@pc ~> /bin/bash
chocobai@pc:~$ quote asdf
'asdf'chocobai@pc:~$

chocobai@pc:~$ type quote
quote is a function.
quote ()
{
    local quoted=${1//\'/\'\\\'\'};
    printf "'%s'" "$quoted"
}

What does it do? What can it be used for?

It adds the quotes but no newline. It also escapes single quotes in a way that's suitable for bash. It can be useful in scripts to quote a variable or some other kind of string. You need this for example for paths/parameters with spaces. Although there are other ways to do this.

It's really strange I could not find any documentation (in the web) about it. But well, it's easy to see what it does.


Install Ubuntu on Lenovo Yoga 730-15IWL with a i5-8265U CPU alongside Windows

There were no problems during install. Just install Ubuntu on a USB device with UNetbootin (This can keep the existing data on your USB device and just add the install-image as extra folders).
(I guess it will be exactly the same on Yoga 730-13IWL)
But these are the optimizations I did after install:
Optimization for installation of Ubuntu On Lenovo Yoga 730-15IWL
turn off turbo-boost after 60s
The new Intel i5 CPU 8th generation is great in speed, but on the cost, that if there are some CPU-intense applications, the fan is running all the time, I tend to disable turbo-boost after the system is running as described here:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/547261/20661
Adapter for Ethernet, SDCARD
The Lenovo has no ethernet port and no sdcard reader slot, so it is useful to get a "USB 3.1-Hub with sd Ethernet-Adapter"
Base install of missing applications
echo ttf-mscorefonts-installer msttcorefonts/accepted-mscorefonts-eula select true | sudo debconf-set-selections
apt install wmctrl dialog unp git fcgiwrap vlc audacious gimp gimp-help-de pidgin pidgin-otr haveged language-pack-de language-pack-de-base firefox-locale-de hunspell-de-de libreoffice-l10n-de thunderbird-locale-de inkscape fail2ban nullmailer rkhunter ncdu ccze dfc screen tmux tig git-gui emacs24-nox openssh-server nfs-kernel-server sshfs vagrant keepass2 workrave dolphin chromium-browser krusader krename kompare kate p7zip dhcping audacity ttf-mscorefonts-installer ubuntu-restricted-extras bro etckeeper xfce4-goodies redshift meld htop atop fonts-ubuntu-font-family-console gnupg2 nmap jq traceroute lzop jnettop ecryptfs-utils picard  w3m curl wine dconf-editor make gcc g++ unzip libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev subversion gawk bzip2 libssl-dev virtualbox openvpn yakuake onboard neovim python3-setuptools python3-pip tree psensor hardinfo kdiff3

Get rid of Amazon shopping lens
apt remove unity-scope-chromiumbookmarks unity-scope-colourlovers unity-scope-devhelp unity-scope-firefoxbookmarks unity-scope-manpages unity-scope-openclipart unity-scope-texdoc unity-scope-tomboy unity-scope-video-remote unity-scope-virtualbox unity-scope-yelp unity-scope-zotero unity-lens-music unity-lens-photos unity-lens-video

Background images
https://askubuntu.com/a/1145869/34298
Keyboard-layout
Configure Caps Lock as AltGr and Arrows like in vim
Fix nodejs
snap install --classic --edge node
sudo ln -s /snap/bin/npm /usr/bin/npm
snap install atom --classic

Fix scrolling in Firefox
https://askubuntu.com/a/994483
Show weekday and seconds in the gnome status bar
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface clock-show-seconds true
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface clock-show-weekday true

in case you use KDE or Kubuntu on Yoga 730-15IWL
Plasmashell High CPU Load Fix - Plasma 5.15 KDE on Kubuntu 19.04
Fix default app okular:
https://www.ryananddebi.com/2014/09/29/linux-fixing-pdfs-opening-in-gimp-in-firefoxzotero/
Add Rotate Screen on CTL+F8
Screen rotation works out-of-the-box on Ubuntu, you can turn it on and off in the top-right corner menu, but only 180°. If you need to rotate 90° you can add a shortcut to CTRL+F8 to rotate by setting
gsettings set org.gnome.mutter.keybindings rotate-monitor "['XF86RotateWindows', '<Control>F8']"

see https://askubuntu.com/a/1184316/34298
Nvidia drivers only on-demand
Set the 'on-demand' option in the Nvidia GUI:
"Nvidia X Server Settings" -> "PRIME Profiles": NVIDIA On-Demand

unsolved Problem

My Network-Adapter Thunderbolt device is are not recognized on-plugin. I have to restart the laptop so it is registered, but I can live with that so far


Ok, remove npm (you already know how), remove nodejs, do an apt-get autoremove. Next:

sudo apt-get install nodejs
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/node nodejs /usr/bin/nodejs 100
sudo curl https://www.npmjs.com/install.sh | sudo sh

That should be it.


Each application has set their keybindings separately, for example:

Gnome-terminal uses Ctrl + Shift + F for the search function. (only text)
gedit uses Ctrl + F (only text)
nautilus uses Ctrl + F (only files)
Others applications have set their own keybinding.

There isn't a central option to set such keybindings, the same happens in Windows ecosystems. Most of them are hard coded and are (almost) impossible to modify.


Edit the mouse movement settings for the root user, by running the setting manager as root:

sudo gnome-control-center

The settings on this screen will be saved for the root user only, and be effective before session login after boot, on the user selection screen.


Did not found a way to change this from command line but as @guiverc suggested I was able to lower system sounds volume using pavucontrol:
sudo apt install pavucontrol

Playback -> System Sounds
And it does not affect other applications volume so works perfect.


Specify the executable full path :

wine "C:\Program Files\MetaTrade\MetaTrade64.exe" for example. Wine is complaining that it cannot find the executable

Regards


Wireless device does not work on Dell Inspiron 3521 after installing Ubuntu 12.04

Some wireless cards are actually listed as USB.

lsusb

will show these.

Check your keyboard. I've had several laptops which have a Fn blue colored key with a wireless icon above the function key that turns on/off the wireless. This is due to the massive power drain wifis require, so they design a soft power switch for this component.

These people were able to get it working with a little trick to force the power profile to reset the wifi.


Site creation script - missing chmod permissions

No, it depends on how you want to give security to you files and directories.
By default following permissions are given,

directory 777
file      666

7 means binary 111 which is converted into binary and added to the table of directory information, And it will be translated as

111 111 111
read writ execute / read writ execute / read writ execute
user                        /            group                     /                      universal

so if you want to give more security then add the chmod otherwise don't need to do anything

The default directory permissions are 777. The default file permissions are 666. Thus, if you have a umask value of 002 (or 0002), you end up with 775 directory permissions and 664 file permissions. The 775 number means "read,write,execute" for the user, "read,write,execute" for the group, and "read,execute" for others. The 664 number means "read,write" for the user, "read,write" for the group, and "read" for others. source


In Ubuntu 13.10 go to   System Settings->Software & Updates->Additional Drivers And it should list multiple choices. Nouveau is the open-source default. The one I selected for my nvidia was:

Using NVIDIA binary Xorg dirver, kernel module and VDPAU library from nvidia-319-updates (proprietary)

Basically to determine what you're wanting:
1. Proprietary, this means made by NVIDIA
2. Highest number available
3. Updates, from my understanding this will auto-update with the launch a new revision


You might have to set env variables such as display & Xauth.
My service has this line added to the [service] section
Environment="DISPLAY=:0" "XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority"

See this thread for further detail.
Also the execstart does not have to be a .sh. You can set the path to be the redshift exec (or in your case type the command as you would in a terminal as I guess redshift is in your PATH)


Answered my own question. beamer support was added in pandoc 1.9 (2012-02-05), but my Ubuntu 11.10 desktop has pandoc 1.8.1.1.

I updated pandoc as follows:

sudo apt-get autoremove pandoc
sudo apt-get install cabal-install
cabal update
cabal install pandoc

Notice the last two commands do not use sudo.


Application shortcuts in home folder for Message-Menu

If no-one comes up with a better answer you can always use a symbolic link (or symlink) (command ln). It only takes 3 steps:

Create a directory inside ~/.local/share/. For instance:mkdir ~/.local/share/my_shortcuts/
Move the files you made into this new directory.  mv /usr/share/indicators/messages/applications/{my_shortcuts} ~/.local/share/my_shortcuts/
And to finish it off you can make a link to the directory where you moved them from with ln ~/.local/share/my_shortcuts/{shortcut} /usr/share/indicators/messages/applications/{shortcut}

You need to do this with every shortcut and when you change one the other gets changed too. After a re-install all you need to do is re-create the symlinks (save the commands in an executable (text) file in your home directory and you can execute them after re-installing).


How to dump user's environment into a file?

env prints the environments. To save it into a file use output redirection:

env > env.log


How to show opened windows in the panel seperately on multiple monitors?

It sounds like your displays may be using Xinerama (or not? twinview etc) so the window manager may not be aware that it is dealing with 2 screens and sees it as one large display.
Please post xdpyinfo | grep -C 2 dimensionsxdpyinfo | grep -C 2 dimensions

Edit: ok, as I expected, your X11 server is exposing just one large virtual screen which merges your two physical screens into one. It may not be possible to do what you want with the intel driver, I don't know.

Option 1: Create your own xorg.conf file with xinerama rather than whatever the intel driver is doing. (start with Xorg -configure and look online for xinerama setups)
Option 2: spend $20 on a cheap PCIe graphics card (assuming this is not a laptop obviously) and it will probably just work straight away as the drivers won't merge the screens driven by separate cards.


Ubuntu 20.04 freezes after last update to kernel 5.4.0-56

Same situation here...I managed to get out of it using Ctrl+Alt+Backspace then login followed by grub customizer and then selected an older kernel "5.4.0-54-Generic" in my case as default.


What does it mean when Canonical says that Ubuntu is and always will be Absolutely Free?

The core OS of Ubuntu is committed to remaining completely free (financially and freedom wise). It has a repository for partner and non-free software add-ons. Canonical is also enabling optional "pay for" software in the software center. It does not exist in the Ubuntu "Main" repository.

Services like Ubuntu One are merely branded as such for clarity, and their client side software are indeed free. The subscription services that go along with Ubuntu is part of Canonical's business model, which will eventually make the company profitable.


Use Function Keys without pressing the fn button in the mac keyboard?

The article there should help you.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AppleKeyboard

I inserted these two echo lines into /etc/rc.local:

echo 2 > /sys/module/hid_apple/parameters/fnmode
echo 2 > /sys/module/apple/parameters/fnmode

Those are inserted just before the "exit 0" line.


Type '--2016-08-04' is not known on line 1 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list

Open /etc/apt/sources.list in an editor as a root (e.g. type in terminal gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list), and replace all its content with the following

#############################################################
################### OFFICIAL UBUNTU REPOS ###################
#############################################################

###### Ubuntu Main Repos
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse

###### Ubuntu Update Repos
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

###### Ubuntu Partner Repo
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner

###### Ubuntu Extras Repo
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

Your problem is that in this file instead of repositorires some kind of output of a command. I have no idea how it got there, you would probably better know that.


How do I set up Pulseaudio to work in Multi-Seat?


The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu focal Release' does not have a Release file

That ppa has zero files in it. It's had zero files in it for a long time now. Unfortunately there's a lot of documentation pointing to that PPA online, so many people have it enabled with no benefit. The PPA itself even says it's discontinued. In short, remove that PPA.
https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/ubuntu/java


I clicked on a virus link - What should I do?

As an info, there is no virus under Linux, you can search long and won't find them, however as stated by Novice it was something more likely to mess up with your cookies.

As regard's to viruses, even though there is no virus on Linux, there is one or two Antivirus available which is usefull if you share documents between Linux and Windows systems and/or if you e-mail documents to Windows users, because even though you could keep an infected document on your Linux machine and nothing is going to happen, once it is copied/transferred/sent over to a Windows machine it will infect that machine.

Hope it helps a bit.


sweethome3d and easytether not working on ubuntu 15.04

For easytether, autoconfig does not work because they upgraded network-manager.

Configure the network interface manually with dhclient, there should be instructions in the terminal when you run easytether.


Partitions appear larger than supposed to be

From the screenshot you provided:

Ubuntu is telling you that you have:

a partition with 251763712 blocks (keep in mind 1 KB = 1024 B) which is: 251763712 / 1024 / 1024 = 240.1 GB (which is the same what the Windows is showing)
an extended partition, which contains 4 logical partitions (displayed also in Windows, with the following sizes: 650.3 GB, 3.862 GB, 16.06 GB and 21.07 GB), which has 724894720 blocks and total size of 724894720 / 1024 / 1024 = 691.3 GB. This should be equal to the sum of those 4 partition's sizes: 650.3 + 3.862 + 16.06 + 21.07.
the first logical partition in that extended partition is your D: partition, which has 681897984 blocks of size 681897984 / 1024 / 1024 = 650.3 GB

So, everything is just like Windows has reported. The only thing that the Windows failed to report to you is that your 4 partitions (from D: to the right) are all grouped INSIDE one extended partition (due to the max 4 primary partitions limitation) and that's why Ubuntu is showing you the total size of all the logical partitions inside it (691.3 GB).

Using GParted (or PartedMagic) shows all of this in a nice graphical way, so please try it (just make a bootable usb with GParted on it and reboot your machine and use it).


Upgrading fails from 12.10 to 13.04 (Check Internet Settings)

Restart your system, login, and open a terminal and do this:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Touchpad stops working at reboot. Module missing

Try this solution. This will fix touchpad issue on dell


Ubuntu One Limit Concurrent Uploads / Downloads

The way you limit how many files are transferred (uploaded or downloaded) at once is by setting simult_transfers to something lower than the default of 10 in the __main__ section of the syncdaemon.conf configuration file, and restarting syncdaemon.

You can edit the system configuration file, /etc/xdg/ubuntuone/syncdaemon.conf, or the user configuration file ~/.config/ubuntuone/syncdaemon.conf (or create a file there if one doesn't exist). I've found 3 is a good compromise value for when I'm on 3G; YMMV. If you don't have a user syncdaemon.conf and don't want to edit the system one, you'd want to create a file that looked like

[__main__]
simult_transfers = 3

If the file already exists, you just add the simult_transfers line without the section header.

Once that is done, you can restart syncdaemon by entering

u1sdtool -q; u1sdtool -c

in a terminal.


Would it be practical/secure to import my GPG keys into (Open)SSH?

No, it wouldn't. To put things simply, GPG and SSH do not use the same key format, which is a practical hurdle right from the start. Furthermore, the two key pairs might not have the same validity — you might want to repudiate one and not the other, or to have different SSH keys on different accounts but the same GPG key everywhere.

There's nothing to be gained by using the same key anyway. You'd have to convert the GPG key into an SSH key (assuming your GPG key is an RSA key in the first place!). At this point, you might as well generate a different key, since no tool is going to check one against the other.


How to view all the packages installed in Ubuntu in the order of installation

To see the list the installed packages sorted by install date/time using the following command:

grep " install " /var/log/dpkg.log


Settings Manager - Keyboard - Layout. Uncheck "Use system defaults".
http://ubuntu.sabza.org/2006/10/13/xubuntu-easily-switch-keyboard-layout/


Like Windows uses the Alt-Combos for ASCII, Ubuntu knows a similar input method for Unicode characters.

To enter the @ sign, which would be Unicode U+40 (hexadecimal!), press and hold Ctrl+Shift and then press U,4,0.

This works the same for all Unicode chars, like U+2744 for a snowflake.


New hardrive for broken laptop, now like to install Ubuntu. How?

To use a netboot install medium (I'm assuming something much like mini.iso?) it'll be necessary to have a wired internet connection.  If this isn't feasible, download the desktop USB image and use that for the install.  Frankly I'd suggest doing that anyway, as it's rather more user-friendly.

As for the actual process:  Ensure the laptop can boot from USB.  Install the new hard drive.  Insert the bootable USB.  Power the machine on and access the boot device selection part of the BIOS menu.  Choose to boot from the USB stick.  Install as per the instructions.  That ought to be enough, but for more specific advice do come back here!

The normal Ubuntu download page (and the best place to get a desktop image) is here, and instructions on its use can be found here


Suspend does not work on Asus X553M laptop in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS or 18.04 LTS with Linux 4.15 kernel

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (the original release kernel) uses the 4.4 kernel, but any 16.04.x LTS (updated iso) uses the HWE (hardware enablement stack) kernels meaning kernels jump version every six months; useful for later hardware. See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack for info.

The original 4.4 kernel of 16.04 LTS gets security patches back-ported to it, so if you're happy with kernel 4.4 you could always install the original 16.04 LTS (and then update, as you'll have lots of updates given it's the 2016.April iso).

Please note: the 4.13 kernel reaches EOL in a few days, as it's the 17.10 kernel


How to change what program Calenders are opened in

I believe this is Thunderbird fault here. You may want to subscribe and vote for this bug report which ask for a better handling of ics file: Bug 357480 - Opening or adding .ics files to calendar by double click


Installing Ubuntu 14 - Scrambled screen / display issues

Enable Intel GPU in BIOS and let Ubuntu use it. It will work flawlessly. However, if you still want to use your Radeon cards, you can try to install proprietary driver (Dash -> Additional Drivers) but honestly, there is no real reason to do so. There are almost no 3D video games for Linux, and proprietary drivers are often troublemakers especially in dual-GPU setup. In terms of non-gaming use, you don't need the powerful GPU, built-in Intel GPU will do the job.


Applications that can be installed and/or run by a non-admin user

deb/dkpg packages require root to be installed. This is as much to protect the machine and its other users from harm as it is to protect the software from the users. (that made sense in my head!) This is technically the case becuase the whole apt/dpkg database is owned by root.

Sidebar: These days you can install and update things without root because of a permissions framework called PolicyKit that is similar to sudo/sudoers for graphical interfaces.

But there's no reason you can't have a local repository in another format. Desura (a Steam-a-like) manages your game installations. Eclipse can manage its own plugins and update them. Firefox for plugins. They're all repositories in their own way.

You don't have to install most software. If you can download it, most can be extracted, compiled (if it needs it) and run. You don't have to jump through the packaging steps.

Plenty of games come in .run installers. If you run these as root, it'll install the game into /opt/ or /usr/local/games/, etc but otherwise it'll install into your home directory.

As for your third question, no. It can only modify what the user can modify. And the same goes for a root-installed Java (or other) application. Unless it runs through a crazy setuid process, it can only access what the user can access. Just because the executable may is owned by root, doesn't mean it runs as root.


As it turns out it wasn't that

I was also running enable_ipv6 and it didn't like the configuration of netplan setup by Contabo. Netplan failed to load the file and the machine wasn't getting assigned an external IP address, only 127.0.0.1


Problems with package manager after uninstalling bumblebee

This isn't a major error, just a wrong line added in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bumblebee-stable-precise.list, and is in no way related to "video card is not working properly".

You can remove the Bumblebee PPA file to fix this using the commands below:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bumblebee-stable-precise.list
sudo apt-get update

Now you shouldn't see this error any more.

And if you want to continue having the Bumblebee PPA, re-add it using:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable


Ubuntu 14.04 on ancient MacBook. Wireless issues

This turned out to be a wireless configuration issue.  Having installed the correct drivers using:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

I was still unable to get any data in or out via wifi.  I played around with my router settings and the one that worked was channel width.

By setting my channel width to 20Mhz from Auto(20/40Mhz) I was instantly able to ping and surf.

Hope this helps others in this situation.


Can't boot Ubuntu installation from USB drive

The EFI menu (some key at power-up) should offer choices of Windows, ubuntu,... Choose ubuntu.  That boots off the hard disk, runs ubuntu off the USB.  If that works, make an EFI partition on the USB, and copy everything off the hard disk's EFI to the one on the USB -- now the USB should boot when selected.

Unfortunately, now the PC will not boot without the USB (grub looks for its files, doens't find them since no USB, and fails).  Change the boot order with efibootmgr to remove the ubuntu choice, and Windows should be first on the hard disk.  So put the USB first in boot order, grub runs, and you should be able to select ubuntu or Windows, without the USB, Windows boots.


Downloading Error while installing VirtualBox Guest Additions

You could install Guest Additions from terminal, using this command:

 sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms


Pop up dialogs very slow on Ubuntu 20.04

It seems that the problem was being caused by PulseAudio wanting to create a "close window" sound and, thus, delaying the window pop-up (as explained here). Applying the following solved the issue for me.

If the file ~/.config/pulse/default.pa does not exist, create it: touch ~/.config/pulse/default.pa

Modify it with the editor of your choice and add the following two lines:
.include /etc/pulse/default.pa
unload-module module-suspend-on-idle

I'm going to monitor the behavior in my system for a few more days before marking it as solved.


How to change owner and permissions of a folder in desktop

You can set permissions with the chown command. the -R option will set the permissions not only to the folder which you are setting the permissions on, but on all its contents as well.

from what I can gather, you need to set the folder's permission to you own account. to do this, execute the following command:

sudo chown -R marek:marek /home/marek/Desktop/Tekkitserver/3.1.1

Hope this does the trick. and please try to be more specific when you ask these questions...


my hard disk is too noisy (always making clicking noise)

Changing hard disk acoustic level helped me:

sudo hdparm -M 128 /dev/sda


Why can I see the output of background processes?

The & directs the shell to run the command in the background, i.e, it is forked and run in a separate sub-shell, as a job, asynchronously.

Note that when you put & the output - both stdout and stderr - will still be printed onto the screen. If you do not want to see any output on the screen, redirect both stdout and stderr to a file by:

myscript > ~/myscript.log 2>&1 &

Usually you may want to discard the stderr by redirecting it to /dev/null if you are not worried about analyzing errors later.

You can also even run commands/scripts at the same time, in separate sub-shells. For eg;

./script1 & ./script2 & ./script3 &

A background  job can be brought back to the command line before it finishes with the command:

fg <job-number>

The job-number can be obtained by running

jobs


where does the discrepancy between \# in PS1 and n in !n come from?

The likeliest reason for this is that you've set HISTCONTROL to a value that includes ignoredupes. Test by running

echo $HISTCONTROL

If that returns something like ignoredups, this means that duplicate commands are not saved to your history. They are however counted by PS1's \#. This means that \# will happily increment each time you run the same command twice but your history will not increase and this will lead to the discrepancy you observe.

So, either remove the ignoredupes from HISTCONTROL (this is usually set in your ~/.profile but can also be set in ~/.bashrc) or use \! instead of \# in PS1.


I had the same problem while using Discord installed via snap (By default, every application installed from Ubuntu Software is running from /snap, I think.)
The solution was simple.

Open the Ubuntu Software and search for Discord. If you can see it installed here, there should be three options: Run, Uninstall and Permissions.
Click permissions and make sure that read/write on removable media is turned on.


How to add MIME Type for the Apache webserver?

I added "webm" to /etc/mime.types, which was picked up by Apache as well:

video/webm                                     webm


No sound in Xubuntu after starting from command line

startx is not the preferred way to start a session in Ubuntu.

Use sudo start lightdm instead and that should start your session the right way (and in doing so, hopefully kick pulseaudio into gear at the same time).

I'm sure there's an xinit way of doing this too, but honestly, just going with the standard lightdm route is probably the sanest.


How to make home directory of existing users?

From the manpage:

-m, --create-home
    Create the user's home directory if it does not exist.
    The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory
    (which can be defined with the -k option) will be copied to
    the home directory.

    By default, if this option is not specified and CREATE_HOME
    is not enabled, no home directories are created.

However, I would strongly suggest to not use a user's real name
for the $HOME directory as you did with -d /home/students/student/"${firstname}.${lastname}".
Think of (real) usernames like "John A. Doe".
His $HOME directory would contain a space and that is not exactly userfriendly.


Problem with creating a bootable USB stick on OS X?

dd: /Downloads/ubuntu.dmg: No such file or directory means there's a typo in your command.

Most probably, ubuntu.dmg is not in the Downloads folder at the root of the hard drive, but in the Downloads folder of your home folder. So the address would be ~/Downloads/ubuntu.dmg (note the ~).

To be sure to get it correct, just drag ubuntu.dmg from the Finder to the Terminal.


Copying large files from SSD ext4 to external USB3 ext4 drive very slow

I tried out some changes to the system and the external HDD and things have improved.

My Ubuntu 20.10 installation did not have a swap partition, so I added a 5 GB permanent swap partition in the internal SSD where Ubuntu is installed.
I changed the partition table in the external 1 TB Seagate external HDD from "msdos" to "gpt" by using Gparted to partition and format the external HDD.

Then I tried out the copy performance by copying a 6.5 GB file from the SSD to the external HDD using Grsync and Grsync copied the file to the external HDD at more then 100 MB/sec.
I ran a benchmark on the external HDD from the "Disks" application and the performance is much better. I used the USB3 port to connect the external HDD for all the above activities.

I hope this helps.


Permanently fix "headphones with no sound issue" instead of manually fixing it every time you plug in headphones

I've had the same issue.
You can use alsactl store when you have correct configuration (headphones on and speakers off), so that alsactl restore can load that configuration later, and then follow this answer.


Since you say your grub bootloader appears, but the menu is empty, I think you don't need to reinstall grub, but rather, as you ask, run update-grub. To achieve this, you can use a Live CD, mount the relevant partitions from your hard disk, chroot into the mounted directory, and run update-grub, which should work as if you were operating on the actual hard disk.

Boot with your Live CD, selecting "Try Ubuntu without installing".

Once it boots, open a terminal (ctrl-alt-t) and mount your Ubuntu partition on /mnt. I'm assuming the Ubuntu partition is /dev/sda5, but you should determine this yourself. Let me know if you need help to do this:

sudo mount /dev/sda5 /mnt

Then mount a few more directories that are needed:

sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc

Also, if you have a separate Ubuntu boot partition (pretty uncommon these days, but it may be the case):

sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt/boot

How can you tell if you have a boot partition?

Once you have your Ubuntu partition mounted, open  /mnt/etc/fstab. If you see an entry for /boot, note which device it is pointing to (/dev/sda4 maybe?). This is the one you have to mount.

Once these are mounted, do chroot to start using the mounted directory as the root partition:

sudo chroot /mnt

You'll get a #/ prompt. First thing to do is confirm that you're using the correct /boot directory. Go to /boot/grub and look at the files there. There should be a bunch of .mod files and a grub.cfg file. If the directory is empty, don't continue, because it means this is NOT your actual boot directory. Look above to see how to determine if you need to mount an additional boot directory.

Once you've confirmed that /boot/ contains the correct files, meaning that it is the correct location, type:

sudo update-grub

This should rebuild your /boot/grub/grub.cfg file with the menu entries.

Then exit the chroot:

exit

At this point you may want to check that things were correctly updated. For this, cd /mnt/boot/grub and check that grub's files are there, there should be a bunch of .mod files and grub.cfg, the latter should have entries for your Ubuntu kernels. If you only see grub.cfg and no .mod files, it means that this is NOT the correct boot directory, look above for how to mount a separate boot partition.

Unmount the filesystems:

sudo umount /mnt/dev
sudo umount /mnt/sys
sudo umount /mnt/proc
sudo umount /mnt/boot #Only if you mounted it earlier
sudo umount /mnt/

And then reboot, hopefully your Grub menu will be restored.


How to check how long specific entry in arp table will stay and when it'll be expired?

There is no way to find time when is, some kind of log, arp table populated with new entry.

You can run tcpdump and watch or you can install arpwatch and see.

Arp table is writen to /proc/net/arp.

Time when some entry will be deleted from arp table depends of base_reachable_time and gc_interval. In most cases after some entry is added to arp table, after last communication and last live packet start base_reachable_time. When this time expired without new packets mac address change status. On that time system start to count gc_interval time aka if some entry is no used garbage collector will delete them but only if ...

To long story. You can not find exactly time from add action and also can not known exact time of deletion from arp table.


Normally when I see 2 Windows entries in GRUB it is because of the system partition Windows 7 installation creates apart from the actual partition (C: Drive) you would use. The system partition is normally around 100 MB. When GRUB reads that it sees that the filesystem is Windows 7. When it continues reading partitions it sees your C: which is also Windows 7, and so it shows both. There could be other cases that it could show 2 partitions, but this is the most common.

There are several ways to remove that entry, but the easiest way would be with Grub Customizer:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Open Dash and type grub customizer. From there you can simply delete the entry and save the changed.


CPU governor not adhering to CPU Min/Max settings

Please know that even with the governor set to performance, the processor can decide by itself to back-off the CPU frequency under conditions of no, or very little, load. Also, and depending on your actual processor model number, the maximum turbo frequency might be reduced if multiple cores are active at the same time. Use turbostat (I think part of linux-tools-common)to know for certain what is going on.


Does redshift need an active internet connection to work?

Update: Please note that a fix is now on its way. You can either wait until it arrives in the official repositories or apply it yourself by following the advice in post #53 and on in the bug report.

As Anwar pointed out, Redshift fetches its geolocation data online by default. There is a workaround, though:

Manual configuration of geolocation data

a.) Using a config file

From the project's homepage:

  Redshift will look for a configuration file in “~/.config/redshift.conf”. Here is an example:

; Global settings
[redshift]
temp-day=5700
temp-night=3500
transition=1
gamma=0.8:0.7:0.8
location-provider=manual
adjustment-method=vidmode

; The location provider and adjustment method settings
; are in their own sections.
[manual]
lat=55.0
lon=12.0

; In this example screen 1 is adjusted by vidmode. Note
; that the numbering starts from 0, so this is actually
; the second screen.
[vidmode]
screen=1`

Look for the directory provided above. If the configuration file doesn't exist, create one and append any custom options you like.

You will want to include location-provider=manual and modify lat= and long= with your location. This dialog will help you determine your coordinates.

b.) Using command-line arguments

Launch Startup Applications:

Find the Redshift entry in the startup app list and hit Edit. Under command enter the following string:

gtk-redshift -l LAT:LONG

Where LAT and LONG correspond with your coordinates. Hit save, then relog to activate Redshift.


Couldn't install Virtual Box on Ubuntu 14.04

You need to disable Secure Boot in BIOS settings.

See this question for more details.

The vboxdrv is not signed and Secure Boot does not let to load it.


How do I get a Netgear N900 WNDA4100 wireless USB adapter working?

A fellow on ubuntuforums thinks it's the 2010_0709_RT2870_Linux_STA_v2.4.0.1.tar.bz2 that will work for that stick.

I can't test it, but it compiles fine for me.

I started with this driver from Sourceforge Japan.

Working along with this guide I changed these lines:

HAS_WPA_SUPPLICANT=n
HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT_SUPPORT=n

to this:

HAS_WPA_SUPPLICANT=y
HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT_SUPPORT=y

I applied this fix for a change since the driver was written as directed in an edit here:

make clean
find . -name \*.[ch] -exec grep usb_buffer_alloc "{}" ";" -exec sed -i 's/usb_buffer_alloc/usb_alloc_coherent/g' "{}" ";"
find . -name \*.[ch] -exec grep usb_buffer_free "{}" ";" -exec sed -i 's/usb_buffer_free/usb_free_coherent/g' "{}" ";"

Then make and it builds fine.

sudo make install also went without errors.

The rest of this guide seems sound, but again...I don't have one to test.

The dead link for 'get the latest firmware' should point here.


Mounting SD card with executable permissions. (Looking for a specific command)

Found it. Wasn't on this site.

mount -o remount,exec /dev/sd


DocumentRoot is password protected but no htaccess file?

You should make some changes in your apache configuration file.

Open Terminal

 sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

<Directory /var/www/>                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews                AllowOverride all                Order allow,deny                allow from all</Directory>

Make changes in AllowOverride None As.

<Directory /var/www/>                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews                AllowOverride None                Order allow,deny                allow from all</Directory>

Now your apache will not recognize .htaccess files in your system.


Using any nvidia-* package causes system to hang on boot

It may have been one of two things for me, but here's what I did to fix it:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-313-updates
sudo nvidia-xconfig

I kind of doubt the driver version had anything to do with the problem. I previously had not tried the 313 version before, but it appears to be available in a vanilla Ubuntu install. I suspect later versions of the driver should work, but this one I believe will be good enough for me.

I noticed that I did not have a /etc/X11/xorg.conf installed on my machine by default after installing these packages, so I ran the nvidia-xconfig utility to generate one. I think this had more of a hand in the fix.


Minecraft suddenly crashing when opening container

Is it still broken? I don't know enough about your system to pinpoint exactly, but here are some things you can try:

Java 8

As per the current official software requirements from Mojang, Minecraft requires Java 8. Using other versions may work, but there could be pitfalls. Therefore:

Make sure you have Java 8 installed, if not, install it:

sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre

Make sure Java 8 is the default Java version for your system:

sudo update-alternatives --config java

Choose Java 8 if there are any alternatives.

Driver

You should be running on the open source AMD drivers (called ATI) if you have a default system. Make sure the driver is up to date.

If at this point it still doesn't work, you might try installing a proprietary driver, but beware; proprietary drivers are no longer available, supported, or updated for older cards.

OpenGL

As per the hardware requirements, you will need a graphics card with OpenGL 4.4 support. Some really old graphics cards don't support this so make sure your graphics card supports OpenGL 4.4. If it doesn't, you will need to upgrade to a better GPU or play on an older version of Minecraft (versions pre 1.12 seem to require OpenGL 3.1 and even older require only OpenGL 1.3).

If all else fails, and your system is within the hardware and software requirements, you could try sending a bug report to Mojang.


The 'Server Error' screen shot you posted has nothing to do with your computer or Google Chrome installation. It means, the software that runs the website you are trying to visit (www.slcolibrary.org in this case) has encountered an issue.


If by reset, you mean clear the terminal, then in Gnome Terminal, it is CTRL + L .


Ask your provider for the right details of the following items:

APN Access Point Name
Calling number
Username
Password

And then correct your settings and try to connect. If it fails you can open terminal and type tail -f /var/log/syslog/. This shows you the output of dmesg but in real time. There you should see an informative error message and this you can paste to fixee.org or pastebin it. So we can look for a solution.


Rust installation issue in ubuntu-gnome 16.04.2

googling your ssl error returned this, I would try these solutions.
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15166950/unable-to-establish-ssl-connection-how-do-i-fix-my-ssl-cert

maybe you messed with your ssl?


Which printers can I use when running Ubuntu from USB stick?

Unfortunately, printer compatibility can be something of a try-and-see affair. In my experience:

HP printer tend to work out of the box
Brother printers have available drivers that work well, but must be installed
Canon provides drivers that work, but often their printers work without
needing to use the manufacturer install tools

There is a very complete rundown here: https://haydenjames.io/finding-linux-compatible-printers/


Java Oracle Installation /usr/bin/java: cannot execute binary file

Minecraft is awesome! But you do not need a jdk unless you plan on developing java.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

You have some locale setting errors. Here, follow the instructions here and see if that resolves your issue, and let me know if it does: How do I fix my locale issue?
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Locale

As to you are getting a binary execution error, I'm not to sure. It could be that you have an integrated chip environment using intel / nvidia with optimus. Some more details would help to determine what that is. Run
    lspci
and post those results in your question area please. If it says intel integrated graphics, and somewhere says that you have nvidia, then that is your problem and you will need to install bumblebee and use optirun minecraft so you can use opengl.


Switching to HDMI Audio when HDMI is plugged into a laptop (14.04)

Based in this link and this link ...i tested and WORKS FINE ubuntu 14.04

you should create a rule in /etc/udev/rules.d/100-hdmi_sound.rules

whith this content

SUBSYSTEM=="drm", ACTION=="change", RUN+="/lib/udev/hdmi_sound_toggle.sh"

then create

sudo -H gedit /lib/udev/hdmi_sound_toggle.sh

whith your content

#!/bin/bash

HDMI_STATUS=`cat /sys/class/drm/card0/*HDMI*/status`
INPUTS=($(pacmd list-sink-inputs | grep index | awk '{print $2}'))
if [ $HDMI_STATUS = "connected" ]
then
    pactl set-card-profile 0 output:hdmi-stereo
    pactl set-default-sink alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.hdmi-stereo
    for i in ${INPUTS[*]}; do pacmd move-sink-input $i alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.hdmi-stereo  &> /dev/null; done
else
    pactl set-card-profile 0 output:analog-stereo
    pactl set-default-sink alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
    for i in ${INPUTS[*]}; do pacmd move-sink-input $i alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo  &> /dev/null; done
fi

I Hope can help ..sorry for my english i spoke spanish


By definition "Default" is a unique entity. The "gateway" statement sets the Default Gateway, thus is must be unique inside the file. This scenario requires you set a static route to your private network. Replace the eth0 gateway line with up route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.42.1.

# Office network
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 192.168.42.4
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        up route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.42.1


How can I kill a dbus monitor script when an application exits?

The issue
...is that your dbus- monitor script runs a child- process (dbus-monitor) which is not killed with the script, actually making the script "un- killable".
What to do
What you need to do is use a wrapper, running gnote + the monitor script, then when gnote ends, kill the dbus-monitor- script by the command:
pkill -P <pid>

...where <pid> is the pid of your monitor script (I used pgrep -f /path/to/script) . This will kill the script and its children, terminating it successfully.
I ran into exactly the same issue writing this answer.
The wrapper
Assuming your monitor script is executable, run gnote by the command:
'/path/to/monitorscript' & gnote && pkill -P "$( pgrep -f '/path/to/monitorscript )"

The easyest is to make it a one- liner script and start the script from your .desktop -file


You do not need to create a custom AMI in order to gain swap storage on an Amazon EC2 instance. Rather you can simply add a swap file as outlined in How do I add more swap?:

  Swap is generally associated with a swap partition, perhaps because
  the user is prompted to create a swap partition at the time of
  installation. In fact, any file can be used as a swapping device, be
  it a partition or a conventional file. Swap can be added by increasing
  the size of the swap partition or by adding a swap file. [...] [emphasis mine]

Section Four-step Process to Add Swap File outlines the required steps, which boils down to e.g. (replace /mnt with an appropriate directory of your choice):

sudo fallocate -l 512m /mnt/512MiB.swap
sudo chmod 600 /mnt/512MiB.swap
sudo mkswap /mnt/512MiB.swap
sudo swapon /mnt/512MiB.swap

This won't survive a reboot yet, thus requires you to edit /etc/fstab, e.g.:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Then add this line at the end of the file:

/mnt/512MiB.swap  none  swap  sw  0 0

Please refer to the linked page for more details and an example session, if need be.


I see this is an old post but somebody might still need the info...

Ubuntu-2D is not available after ubuntu 12.10 so you cannot use it in conjunction with xrdp.  if you are running ubuntu 12.10 or later, you have to modify the content of your .xsession file accordingly

to have xrdp working with ubuntu 12.10 and later, you will need to install a alternative desktop (xfce, lxde, mate-desktop,...)

You will then need to tell your system to use this new alternate desktop..To summarize the process,

Step 1 : install xrdp (sudo apt-get install xrdp)
Step 2 : install alternate desktop (let's say we want to use mate-desktop). Issue the following commands sudo  apt-get update and then sudo apt-get install mate-core mate-desktop-environment mate-notification-daemon
step 3 - tell your system to use the new desktop. Issue the following command echo mate-session >~/.xsession

you should be then good to go...

You can find detailed information about using xrdp and ubuntu 14.04 following this link (http://c-nergy.be/blog/?p=5382).

hope this help


How to make my Ubuntu 16.04 system display a to-do reminder?

Here is one that does the pop-up notifications.  It will work from the command line, and even works in cron jobs.

The simplest way to use it is like so:

echo 'notify-send "FINISH THAT MIDNIGHT PROGRAM"' | at 20:00

(Thank you, @M. Becerra)

It presents a pop-up in the upper right of all the desktops but without command-line parameters it is silent and goes away in just a few seconds, so here is a good article that explains the high points:

Gnome Desktop Notifications Specification

It can make noises if necessary, for instance.


Verifying Ubuntu on Windows 7 (total newbie)

CertUtil (certutil.exe) is a preinstalled Windows command-line program that can be used to generate hash checksums:

certUtil -hashfile pathToFileToCheck [HashAlgorithm]

certutil.exe ships with Windows 7 and later. CertUtil supports MD2 MD4 MD5 SHA1 SHA256 SHA384 and SHA512 hash algorithms.


Why doesn't super key display some scripts?

So you want to get an app into the launcher. What you need to do for this is to create what is called a desktop file. Here's what you need to do.

1) Open up your favorite text editor, and copy the following into it:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Name=CrashPlan
Comment="Some description of what this does"
Icon=/path/to/some/icon.svg
Exec="/usr/local/crashplan/bin/CrashPlanDesktop"
Categories=Application;System;
Terminal=false

You should replace the /path/to/some/icon with the full path to whatever you want to be this things icon or you can remove that line if you don't care.

2) Save this file as /home/[username]/.local/share/applications/crashplan.desktop.

Now, if you did this right, CrashPlan should appear in your dash with the icon you chose.


How to connect to network drive when I'm not home

First, you need the public IP address assigned to your router/modem by your ISP. Most ISP assign dynamic IP's, which can change regularly. E.g. the public IP of my router changes daily at 3AM.

Some routers (like some AVM FRITZ!Box or D-Link models) offer a service which, when a new IP address is being assigned, the automatically upload this IP to a webserver. When you register for such services, you are given a URL which will then always be redirected to the IP stored on the server.

Shouldn't your router provide such a service, your ISP may. (Although I don't know any specific ISP that does.)

Now, after above problems are dealt with (or if you receive a static IP), we can take care of the SMB access. SMB uses port 445 by default, which means that you have to create a forwarding rule in your router, which may look like this:

Incoming port: 44555 # or whatever... just something else than 445 to prevent
                       automatic attacks against port 445 on random IPs
Forward to:   <smb share IP/MAC> #whatever your router offers
Forward to port: 445

Now you should be able to access your SMB share from all over the internet. Should you have multiple NAS's, the easiest way is to either use a different "Incoming port" for each share, or attach them all to a single host, which has to run a SMB server (although I think that could be problematic with MyCloud...)


Will a basic VPS in bandwagonhost be enough for Ubuntu Server 14.04?

If you're only going to be running these two services you'll easily get away with 512MB/1GB RAM even with a decent amount of traffic. The host you use will also have an impact, as many hosts limit you in terms of CPU and disk speed.


If you go to http://llvm.org/apt/

You will see a message

  APT mirror was temporary switched off due to excess load. We are working on bringing it back. Stay tuned!

So the llvm.org - apt - server (apt repository) is off line and will be available when they can resolve the load.

Use the version in the ubuntu repoistories until llvm.org is back online.

There is nothing harming your system at this time, you will get that warning message until the llvm repo is back up is all.

Or alternately, download the source code and manually build

http://llvm.org/releases/ and instructions here - http://llvm.org/releases/3.8.0/docs/GettingStarted.html (not ubuntu specific)

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CompilingEasyHowTo


How to determine the reason for high power draw on a laptop

In the end I ran out of time to try and get to the bottom of what the actual differences are between booting into graphical.target vs booting into multi-user.target.
I changed my service to depend on graphical.target and accepted the fact that GDM is just idling there in the background, but it's hard to argue with the substantially lower power draw.
I run this echo 0 | sudo tee $(find /sys/devices -path '*backlight/brightness') at the end of the script to turn off the screen backlight and it just works.
I know this isn't a really satisfying answer, but it's the solution we went with.


The amidi tool allows you to send arbitrary MIDI commands.
For example:

amidi -l                                # find out what the port number is
amidi -p hw:42,0 -S "C0 65 90 30 7F"


If you directly go to the link you're using with wget, it shows 404, which is why you must be getting that error. The third link on that list also does not seem to be working, so maybe you should get openjdk jre using some other way or by running

sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jre


Ubuntu 12.04 - Unable to change brightness [ATI HD xxxx - Toshiba Satellite L510 19e]

Its working for me :)

Follow the instructions in the link

http://vedimpokem.blogspot.in/2013/02/adjust-screen-brightness-ubuntu-1204.html


@oldfred I finally managed to make it work... After another reinstall, where I selected the whole drive for the boot device not only a single partition, and after setting UEFI to LEGACY+UEFI.


Figuring out why MAAS cannot connect to virsh

I was running into the same issue.  Initially, I had installed the snap, but then after running into permissions issues, I decided to switch to the PPA apt installation, which wasn't straight forward given that the project is working towards doing away with it.  The following is what got me to success.

Uninstall the snap if it's installed.
Install the PPA, but don't install latest, instead use a version (just as the guide describes). This will also add the maas user. Version 2.9 worked for me.
Follow these two nearly identical guides, bridging gaps when one or the other falls short: maas.io guide and an unofficial guide.
You should now have a working MAAS install with all of the extra configuration that will be required to get this working. Of the two guides, you'll eventually get to this command in one of them where you add the maas user to the libvirt group: sudo usermod -a -G libvirt maas. If you execute that command, then the maas user will have access to libvirt, and will be able to execute virsh commands locally with the connection string set to qemu:///system.  This is my setup, (the MAAS server is also the KVM server).
If you prefer to use a different user to manage the VMs in MAAS, then add the user to the libvirt group instead of maas, then follow the other guide on creating an SSH key and copying it over.  If you want something more succinct, you can look at this example which is also how you might setup a VM that's been manually created on a non-configured or manual KVM host.  This is also how you would configure an alternate host to manage the VMs.

While it seems they are moving away from supporting the PPA, another option all together may be to run MAAS in an lxd container.  I'll be heading this route if I ever need to upgrade, and you can find documentation on that here.


You need to install the libs:32.
Execute these commands:

sudo apt-get install libstdc++6:i386
sudo apt-get install libxml2:i386


If I understand WUBI correctly, the installation itself will not be affected as long as you do not reformat the hard disk during installation.

However, most likely you will no longer be able to boot into Ubuntu. The Windows 7 bootloader will be replaced by the new Windows 8 bootloader (without the option to boot into Ubuntu). In theory, when you run the wubi installer again, it should recognize that you have already installed ubuntu and give you the opportunity to update the Windows bootloader, but, and this is a large "but", I'm not sure whether Wubi can handle the new Windows 8 bootloader.

You can try it out, though; however, backup everything of value you have on the Ubuntu installation first.

Alternatively, move Ubuntu out of the Windows -- migrate it to a separate partition.


How to make a system monitoring in ubuntu-touch?

I don't really have an overview of apps, but if you install a terminal, you can use any of the text-based ones available in any Ubuntu system, such as top or htop. They don't have fancy graphics, but they do provide great information.


This is a simple explanation:

  A Character ('c') Device is one with which the Driver communicates by sending and receiving single characters (bytes, octets).
  A Block ('b') Device is one with which the Driver communicates by sending entire blocks of data.
  Examples for Character Devices: serial ports, parallel ports, sounds cards.
  Examples for Block Devices: hard disks, USB cameras, Disk-On-Key.
  For the user, the type of the Device (block or character) does not matter - you just care that this is a hard disk partition or a sound card.
  Driver programmers, however, do care.

Here is more:

  16.1.4.2 Block and Character Devices
  A block device is one that is designed to operate in terms of the block I/O supported by Digital UNIX. It is accessed through the buffer cache. A block device has an associated block device driver that performs I/O by using file system block-sized buffers from a buffer cache supplied by the kernel. Block device drivers are particularly well-suited for disk drives, the most common block devices.

  A character device is any device that can have streams of characters read from or written to it. A character device has a character device driver associated with it that can be used for a device such as a line printer that handles one character at a time. However, character drivers are not limited to performing I/O a single character at a time (despite the name ``character'' driver). For example, tape drivers frequently perform I/O in 10K chunks. A character device driver can also be used where it is necessary to copy data directly to or from a user process. Because of their flexibility in handling I/O, many drivers are character drivers. Line printers, interactive terminals, and graphics displays are examples of devices that require character device drivers.

Sources:

http://haifux.org/lectures/86-sil/kernel-modules-drivers/node10.html

https://arstechnica.com/civis/viewtopic.php?t=787631


"JACK server could not be started" when using Qjackctl

None of these solved my problem. This did:
http://dpod.kakelbont.ca/2015/08/16/fixing-qjackctl

  In a terminal start qjackctl:

qjackctl

  Before you try to start it, click the Setup button in the GUI (right-hand side, middle).

  On the setup GUI change Input Device and Output Device (middle, right-hand side) from (default) to hw:PCH (In the screenshot one
  has been changed and the other has not).

  Restart qJackCtl. You should now be able to successfully use the Start button.


Installer doesn't recognize Windows 8 partition, how do I set up a dual boot?

I am triple booting Windows7, Windows 8 developer preview and Ubuntu 11.10 64-bit. If Win8 is so important to you, I should tell you that there's no way of adding a boot entry of Ubuntu in Windows8 boot menu and ubuntu wont recognise windows 8 (I have run down sudo update-grub and it didnt recognize win8).

So install windows7 in as small partition as possible. Use easeus partition manager or gparted live cd or any Ubuntu live cd (select Try Ubuntu and use gparted).

You can download gparted live here. There are also instructions to make a live cd/usb over there.

Resize your win8 partition and make a partition for win7 and some free space for Ubuntu,and install win7 in the partition. It is good to have a patition for data (so that it can be accessed in all 3 OS es, and it would be convenient if Ubuntu, Win7 and data are all in extended partition). This is how my partition table looks

Windows 8 recognizes Win 7 and a menu entry of win7 will be present in win8 boot menu. Now boot into Ubuntu live cd installer and use advanced option and select free space and select add option and make a partition for /, /home, and swap and install the bootloader in the respective / partition and remember the partition (like sda7). Once installed, do not restart, just close the window and open a terminal and run the following command

sudo dd if=/dev/sda7 of=/media/SHARE/ubuntu.bin bs=512 count=1

if is input file path and of is the output file path. Copy the created ubuntu.bin  into the C drive of win7. Now boot into win7 and follow this article.

After this just select the boot options of win8 and make win7 as default OS to boot, which will give you win7 boot menu with win8 and Ubuntu


Is there a way I can share a printer on a multi user computer so it is available even if no one is logged in?

You can find a detailed step-by-step guide on how to set up shared printers with Ubuntu over here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkPrintingWithUbuntu


trouble installing ubuntu on toshiba satellite L775

There is several solutions for this. You could try a USB install or take out the hard drive and put it in another system with a cd rom, floppy, USB internet connection.
If you can boot from USB your only problem is choosing a distribution. If the install fails try the live option and check the HD for errors.
Create another USB to rule out a corrupt file or USB stick.
If it is the HD check in the BIOS if the settings for the HD are correct.


How do I convert a multiple-part VMDK disk image to qcow2?

In the past, I've had to convert them first to raw images, concatenate them together, and then convert the resulting raw image to qcow2:

qemu-img convert guest-s001.vmdk guest-s0001.raw
qemu-img convert guest-s002.vmdk guest-s0002.raw
qemu-img convert guest-s003.vmdk guest-s0003.raw
qemu-img convert guest-s004.vmdk guest-s0004.raw
qemu-img convert guest-s005.vmdk guest-s0005.raw
cat guest-s0001.raw guest-s0002.raw guest-s0003.raw guest-s0004.raw guest-s0005.raw > guest.raw
qemu-img convert guest.raw guest.qcow2

Don't panic if more than just the last file is smaller than 2146762752 bytes. Some VMware products create vmdk spans with different sizes. The size should match 512 times the number of sectors listed in the extent description in the main vmdk file (readable with any text editor or "cat").

It may be possible to do this all at once too, but I haven't tried this:

qemu-img convert guest-s001.vmdk guest-s002.vmdk guest-s003.vmdk guest-s004.vmdk guest-s005.vmdk guest.qcow2

Or, if they're not actually contiguous disk images, then I'm not sure what to suggest. :)

Good luck!

A quick terminal script to convert all of the images at once would be:

for i in *.vmdk; do qemu-img convert -f vmdk $i -O raw $i.raw; done
cat *.raw > tmpImage.raw
qemu-img convert tmpImage.raw finalImage.qcow2
rm *.raw


How can I make a keyboard shortcut to turn off zoom?

Yes you can! You will need CompizConfig installed:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Open it up and search for zoom in the top left search bar.

Switch to the "specific zoom" tab and click "disabled", under "Zoom Specific Level 1":

Check the "enabled" checkbox and then click "Grab key combination" to set your desired shortcut.  Click "OK".

Make sure that "Specific zoom factor" is set to 1.00.

You're done!


I have also bought a laptop some months ago with Windows 7 pre-installed on HDD, and I then installed Ubuntu on SSD, and my experience (as well as my research on the internet) shows that it was a good decision in deed :-)

Ubuntu boots and works faster (also including the fact that I
reduce the Grub timeout to 0 (zero) so that the computer normally
boots direct to Ubuntu desktop).
When I need to use Windows at all (I don't remember using it for
months, except just checking if it works this way ;-) I simply use
F12 to go into the Boot Menu and choose HDD to boot.


Install CompizConfig Settings Manager (ccsm) from the software centre or by issuing command
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
Launch ccsm
Assign regular actions to corners by editing it's bindings. For example to show and pick from all windows of a current workspace:

To assign custom action to corner search for the 'commands' plugin.
Enable it. In the options for that plugin, you get several lines
where you can enter commands, and then in the 'edge bindings' tab,
you can set hot corners that will run that command.

For instance, you want to launch Firefox by pointing in the top right
corner. Enter 'firefox' in 'Command line x', then in 'edge bindings',
click on the button marked 'none' for that command, and enable the
relevant corner.
NOTE: 'Button bindings' is also useful, giving you the option to run the
command by going to a corner and clicking with the mouse.


I've found the solution. Apache error is misleading. The problem, simple, is that cgid is not enabled by default and ubuntu HOWTO does not suggest you to enable it.

Simply:

a2enmod cgid

And then, after apache restart, mailman interface will start to work.


Is my hard drive failing or is it the issue with netbeans?

You're getting NCQ (Native Command Queuing) disk errors, combined with bad blocks on the disk.
fsck
Let's first check your file system...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdXX, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

NCQ
Note: You may be able to undo this after the bad blocking is complete.
Native Command Queuing (NCQ) is an extension of the Serial ATA protocol allowing hard disk drives to internally optimize the order in which received read and write commands are executed.
Edit sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub and change the following line to include this extra parameter. Then do sudo update-grub to write the changes to disk. Reboot. Monitor hangs, and watch /var/log/syslog or dmesg for continued error messages.
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash libata.force=noncq"

Bad Blocking
Note: do NOT abort a bad block scan!
Note: do NOT bad block a SSD
Note: backup your important files FIRST!
Note: this will take many hours
Note: you may have a pending HDD failure
Boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode.
In terminal...
sudo fdisk -l # identify all "Linux Filesystem" partitions
sudo e2fsck -fcky /dev/sdXX # read-only test
or
sudo e2fsck -fccky /dev/sdXX # non-destructive read/write test (recommended)
The -k is important, because it saves the previous bad block table, and adds any new bad blocks to that table. Without -k, you loose all of the prior bad block information.
The -fccky parameter...
   -f    Force checking even if the file system seems clean.

   -c    This option causes e2fsck to use badblocks(8) program to do
         a read-only scan of the device in order to find any bad blocks.
         If any bad blocks are found, they are added to the bad block
         inode to prevent them from being allocated to a file or direc‐
         tory.  If this option is specified twice, then the bad block scan
         will be done using a non-destructive read-write test.

   -k    When combined with the -c option, any existing bad blocks in the
         bad blocks list are preserved, and any new bad blocks found by
         running badblocks(8) will be added to the existing bad blocks
         list.

   -y    Assume an answer of `yes' to all questions; allows e2fsck to be
         used non-interactively. This option may not be specified at the
         same time as the -n or -p options.


Updating PHP on Ubuntu 12.04 with Parallels Plesk

I guess you should use this ppa instead, which doesn't upgrade apache, but only upgrades php to 5.4:

https://launchpad.net/~ondrej/+archive/ubuntu/php5-oldstable


According to ubuntu packages website, locales-all should be present in 18.04.

Have you checked if you have the universe repository enabled?

Check this question for a couple of examples on how to enable it.


Merging /boot and rearranging grub2 entries

This is how to move the boot of your 10.10 to the separate partition:

Having /boot on its own partition is useful if you use many linux
distributions, especially on different hard disks. Besides, if your
root filesystem gets corrupted, you’ll still be able to boot if your /boot
is separate.
Let’s get started.. first of all we need to create a new ext3 partition
which will be our new /boot. In order to decide how big it should be, let’s
see how much space our current /boot is taking up. A value of 100Mb should
suffice for most needs (unless you’re a kernel hacker with lots of images
in /boot):

$ du -h /boot

Once we have an idea about the size, go ahead and create the partition. You
can use GParted… or if you prefer the command line, use mkfs:
# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda#
Now let’s assume that the partition you just created is /dev/hdaX (replace X
with the actual digit). We’ll proceed as follows (prepend sudo before each
command, or relogin as root):
1. # mkdir /mnt/newboot
2. # mount /dev/hdaX /mnt/newboot
3. # cp -dpR /boot/* /mnt/newboot/
4. # mv /boot /oldboot
5. # mkdir /boot
6. # nano -w /etc/fstab
and modify the /boot line to:
/dev/hdaX /boot ext3 ro 0 0
Note that we want /boot to be mounted read-only after the OS boot process.
You can also delete the whole entry altogether to prevent /boot from being
mounted.
7. # umount /mnt/newboot
8. # mount /dev/hdaX /boot
9. # nano -w /boot/grub/menu.lst
Now change the entries corresponding to your old root partition to /dev/hdaX.
In grub’s terms, that translates to (hd0,X-1) if it’s the first hard drive.
For eg, /dev/hda8 is (hd0,7). Note that you also need to change /boot/xxx.x
entries to /xxx.x since the /boot partition is itself the root partition in
grub’s eyes. For eg, /boot/grub becomes /grub. Finally, install grub onto the
MBR. Issue:
10. # grub-install /dev/hda
(Replace /dev/hda with the /dev/… entry of the hard disk where you want to
install Grub to).
All done! Now reboot.
P.S: Any time you want to write to /boot, do a:
$ sudo mount -o remount,rw /boot

Reference: http://tekguru.wordpress.com/2007/09/04/howto-moving-boot-to-its-own-partition/

And this is how to edit the automatic entries:

Creating the Custom Menu

The user can either edit the default /etc/grub.d/40_custom file or create a
new one. The easiest way to create the content of a custom menu is to copy a
working entry from /boot/grub/grub.cfg. Once copied, the contents of
40_custom can be tailored to the user's desires.

According to the default sample custom file (/etc/grub.d/40_custom) the
first two lines of any custom file in /etc/grub.d should be:
#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
The user can copy existing menuentries from the /boot/grub/grub.cfg file (...)

General menuentry Construction Rules:

The first line must start with menuentry and end with {
The area between the quotation symbols is what will appear on the GRUB 2 menu.
Edit as desired.
The last line of the menuentry must be }
Do not leave empty spaces at the end of lines
The set root= line should point to the GRUB 2 /boot location ( (hdX,Y) )
The root reference in in the linux line should point to the system partition.
If GRUB 2 cannot find the referenced kernel, try replacing the UUID with the
device name (example: /dev/sda6 ).
A sample entry copied from the grub.cfg and altered by the user might look
like this:
menuentry "My Default Karmic" {
set root=(hd0,1)
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set cb201140-52f8-4449-9a95-749b27b58ce8
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-11-generic root=UUID=cb201140-52f8-4449-9a95-749b27b58ce8 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-11-generic
}

Reference: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2


I checked a few other display managers:

This is not working - undisplay part of the list of desktop session.
http://i.stack.imgur.com/Xymx8.jpg
This is working (Slim Display Manager), but it's necessary to click F1 to change session.
http://i.stack.imgur.com/PeigP.jpg
LXDM - LX Display Manager is showing a full list of desktop sessions.
http://i.stack.imgur.com/gkaVo.jpg


Apply exiftran recursivly (rotate all images based on their EXIF info)

I finally used find to achieve this:

find . -type f -name "*.jpg" -exec exiftran -ai "{}" \;


I edited the .svg files and changed the

width="59.056px" height="59.056px"

into 512px each and refreshed folder view.


Please suggest one free log manager which will help me to audit all system and services logs in organized format?

After looking for the auditing software for a long long time. I have found that KSystemLog i.e. by canonical is a good software available as of now. So enjoy it ... thank you all for supporting and please let me know if you find any better tool or software. :) Thanks a lot!!


How to install locale only if that is not exist yet

I found a option -a that returns all locals in system.

I could check the existence of the locale by this code.

if [ `locale -a | grep -c ja_JP.utf` -ge 1 ]; then echo exist; else echo not exist; fi


COMFAST CF-WU810NWireless (Realtek 8188EUS) Driver installation

You can install a driver this way. Connect to internet an alternative way and run in terminal:

sudo apt-get install git dkms
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8188eu.git
sudo dkms add ./rtl8188eu
sudo dkms install 8188eu/1.0

The first command installs git and dkms packages.

The second command downloads the driver source from github.

The last two commands install the driver using dkms.


Wont boot from USB, stops at SYSLINUX copyright

I was having this same issue trying to install Ubuntu on my 2008 HP laptop. Make sure USB is formatted FAT32 or NTFS first. I actually tried both with no success. I also tried a few different Linux distros and multiple Linux USB creators. All gave me the same message on boot. After tinkering with the BIOS and boot order,  I finally gave up and decided to blame HP, since all the boot USBs I made worked fine on my desktop pc.

I finally decided to burn the ISO to a DVD and try to boot from my external USB cd/DVD drive and everything worked fine!


How to reinstall Ubuntu as part of dual boot?

It is rather easy to do ;-)

Start your system with your Ubuntu Live CD in the CD bay. After it loaded you choose install at this image:

and at some point it asks for where to put the installation in a screen similar to this (with options related to your system):

Here you can choose for erase Ubuntu and reinstall or the something else option to get done what you want. Be careful though: The erase everything will also delete Windows and if you do choose something else and mess up by choosing the wrong lay-out you could potentially also remove Windows.


Newly opened applications open in background

Answered by MiJyn, in this link:
Disable new windows auto opening in background

Here is the solution posted there, by MattBAustinTX

get compizconfig-settings-manager
Press Alt+F2 and type ccsm
select the category "General"
click on "General Options"
Select the "Focus and Raise Behaviour" tab
Check "Auto-raise" and set "Focus Prevention" level to Off

That fixed things up for me. Hope it does for you as well.


Step one: boot whatever live media you use, usb or cd.

Step two: access to tty1 once you get to the "Try Ubuntu" vs "Install Ubuntu" screen and press Ctrl-Alt-F1; alternatively , click "Try Ubuntu" and access gnome-terminal once you get to live desktop

Step three: run the commands bellow

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev

sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc

sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

sudo chroot /mnt

Step four: run whatever updates you need, sudo apt-get upgrade or sudo apt-get update.

This method is used for failed updates mostly or password recovery, or in my case - installing the coreutils package which I deleted when I got grep into apg-get --remove by accident (and that was not fun!)


Download a package from a PPA as standalone file

Click on View package details on top right of the screen and search for your desired package.

Now click on your package. Under this package you can see Package files. Select the one you want.


Removed windows and now am unable to mount formerly shared partition

Thanks for the help, but what ended up working for me was just booting from a LiveUSB, which for some reason had absolutely no problem mounting the partition.

I can only think of two possible reasons for this. (I know it says not to make statements based on opinion, but I just wanted to put the ideas out there; sorry!)

The block was probably there before I deleted windows in the first place and so my Ubuntu partition recognized the problem as being unresolved whereas the LiveUSB, having no prior memory of Windows existing, had no hesitations when mounting it.
It could simply be Raring vs. Quantal, since I used a USB with 12.10 secure remix.

I still don't know why it didn't at least let me mount it as read only, but hopefully no one else has the same problem.

I'm looking forward to having a nice, clean Linux computer; no Windows to constantly throw wrenches into the mix.

Thanks again to those who helped, I've had many-a-problem solved by reading these forums and was hesitant to finally sign up after all this time (I've been using Ubuntu since 9.04) I believe), but I was happy with the response!


Ubuntu 14 desktop install failed and corrupted grub

Try reinstalling Ubuntu 14.04 over older ubuntu 14.04 and is this installation goes good you will have your grub repaired and will be able to access Windows also

On the other hand if you just want to access windows and do not care about ubuntu then do Grub Repair


Shutdown (and boot) messages are logged in /var/log/syslog.


Why does the launcher not change when I tweak the theme?

The reason it didn't work was because I was using Unity and not Gnome.