How do I get wireless Wake-on-Lan work with an Intel 5100 AGN?

Actually the other answer is quite old and not up to date.

Please use the iw tool.

To check whether it's supported: iw phy0 info

Check the status: iw phy0 wowlan show.

Activate several options: sudo iw phy0 wowlan enable magic-packet disconnect.

The kernel wiki has some information as well. If wake on wlan does not work from suspend mode try freeze mode: Close all applications, then sync && echo freeze | sudo tee /sys/power/state. This is not as low power, but less than a running system and nice to test whether the magic packets at get there and the driver interprets them.


Cannot boot ZFS root on Ubuntu 12.04 after Heartbleed update

I got things working using the excellent ZFS How-To (This how to is now replaced and newer How-Tos are recommended to be followed)

I booted an Ubuntu 12.04 live usb and used all the commands from step 1 of the HOWTO.

  Step 1: Prepare The Install Environment

  1.1 Start the Ubuntu LiveCD and open a terminal at the desktop.

  1.2 Input these commands at the terminal prompt:

$ sudo -i
# apt-add-repository --yes ppa:zfs-native/stable
# apt-get update
# apt-get install debootstrap spl-dkms zfs-dkms ubuntu-zfs

  1.3 Check that the ZFS filesystem is installed and available:

# modprobe zfs
# dmesg | grep ZFS:
ZFS: Loaded module v0.6.3-2~trusty, ZFS pool version 5000, ZFS filesystem version 5

  Step 2: Disk Partitioning

  This tutorial intentionally recommends MBR partitioning.  GPT can be used instead, but beware of UEFI firmware bugs.

  2.1 Run your favorite disk partitioner, like parted or cfdisk, on the primary storage device.  /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1 is the example device used in this document.

  2.2 Create a small MBR primary partition of at least 8 megabytes.  256mb may be more realistic, unless space is tight.  /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1-part1 is the example boot partition used in this document.

  2.3 On this first small partition, set type=BE and enable the bootable flag.

  2.4 Create a large partition of at least 4 gigabytes.  /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1-part2 is the example system partition used in this document.

  2.5 On this second large partition, set type=BF and disable the bootable flag.

  The partition table should look like this:

 # fdisk -l /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1

 Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 Disk identifier: 0x00000000

 Device    Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
 /dev/sda1    *          1           1        8001   be  Solaris boot
 /dev/sda2               2        1305    10474380   bf  Solaris

  Remember:  Substitute scsi-SATA_disk1-part1 and scsi-SATA_disk1-part2 appropriately below.

  Hints:
   * Are you doing this in a virtual machine?  Is something in /dev/disk/by-id missing?  Go read the troubleshooting section.
   *  Recent GRUB releases assume that the /boot/grub/grubenv file is writable by the stage2 module.  Until GRUB gets a ZFS write enhancement, the GRUB modules should be installed to a separate filesystem in a separate partition that is grub-writable.
   * If /boot/grub is in the ZFS filesystem, then GRUB will fail to boot with this message:  error: sparse file not allowed.  If you absolutely want only one filesystem, then remove the call to recordfail() in each grub.cfg menu stanza, and edit the /etc/grub.d/10_linux file to make the change permanent.
   * Alternatively, if /boot/grub is in the ZFS filesystem you can comment each line with the text save_env in the file /etc/grub.d/00_header and run update-grub.

  Step 3: Disk Formatting

  3.1  Format the small boot partition created by Step 2.2 as a filesystem that has stage1 GRUB support like this:

 # mke2fs -m 0 -L /boot/grub -j /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1-part1

  3.2  Create the root pool on the larger partition:

 # zpool create -o ashift=9 rpool /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1-part2

  Always use the long /dev/disk/by-id/* aliases with ZFS.  Using the /dev/sd* device nodes directly can cause sporadic import failures, especially on systems that have more than one storage pool.

  Warning: The grub2-1.99 package currently published in the PPA for Precise does not reliably handle a 4k block size, which is ashift=12.

  Hints:
   * # ls -la /dev/disk/by-id will list the aliases.
   * The root pool can be a mirror.  For example, zpool create -o ashift=9 rpool mirror /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1-part2 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk2-part2. Remember that the version and ashift matter for any pool that GRUB must read, and that these things are difficult to change after pool creation.
   * If you are using a mirror with a separate boot partition as described above, don't forget to edit the grub.cfg file on the second HD partition so that the "root=" partition refers to that partition on the second HD also; otherwise, if you lose the first disk, you won't be able to boot from the second because the kernel will keep trying to mount the root partition from the first disk.
   * The pool name is arbitrary.  On systems that can automatically install to ZFS, the root pool is named "rpool" by default.  Note that system recovery is easier if you choose a unique name instead of "rpool".  Anything except "rpool" or "tank", like the hostname, would be a good choice.
   * If you want to create a mirror but only have one disk available now you can create the mirror using a sparse file as the second member then immediately off-line it so the mirror is in degraded mode.  Later you can add another drive to the spool and ZFS will automatically sync them.  The sparse file won't take up more than a few KB so it can be bigger than your running system.  Just make sure to off-line the sparse file before writing to the pool.

  3.2.1 Create a sparse file at least as big as the larger partition on your HDD:

 # truncate -s 11g /tmp/sparsefile

  3.2.2 Instead of the command in section 3.2 use this to create the mirror:

 # zpool create -o ashift=9 rpool mirror /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1-part2 /tmp/sparsefile

  3.2.3 Offline the sparse file.  You can delete it after this if you want.

 # zpool offline rpool /tmp/sparsefile

  3.2.4 Verify that the pool was created and is now degraded.

 # zpool list
 NAME       SIZE  ALLOC   FREE    CAP  DEDUP  HEALTH  ALTROOT
 rpool     10.5G   188K  10.5G     0%  1.00x  DEGRADED  -

  3.3  Create a "ROOT" filesystem in the root pool:

 # zfs create rpool/ROOT

  3.4  Create a descendant filesystem for the Ubuntu system:

 # zfs create rpool/ROOT/ubuntu-1

  On Solaris systems, the root filesystem is cloned and the suffix is incremented for major system changes through pkg image-update or beadm.  Similar functionality for APT is possible but currently unimplemented.

  3.5  Dismount all ZFS filesystems.

 # zfs umount -a

  3.6  Set the mountpoint property on the root filesystem:

 # zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/ROOT/ubuntu-1

  3.7  Set the bootfs property on the root pool.

 # zpool set bootfs=rpool/ROOT/ubuntu-1 rpool

  The boot loader uses these two properties to find and start the operating system.  These property names are not arbitrary.

  Hint:  Putting rpool=MyPool or bootfs=MyPool/ROOT/system-1 on the kernel command line overrides the ZFS properties.

  3.9  Export the pool:

 # zpool export rpool

  Don't skip this step.  The system is put into an inconsistent state if this command fails or if you reboot at this point.

(I have include Step 2 and Step 3 for completeness, but I skipped them, since everything was already partitioned and formatted.)

I then ran zpool list to verify that no pools were loaded. (None were)
I then did only Step 4.1

zpool import -d /dev/disk/by-id -R /mnt rpool

The full step 4 is below

  Step 4:  System Installation

  Remember: Substitute "rpool" for the name chosen in Step 3.2.

  4.1  Import the pool:

 # zpool import -d /dev/disk/by-id -R /mnt rpool

  If this fails with "cannot import 'rpool': no such pool available", you can try import the pool without the device name eg:

     # zpool import -R /mnt rpool

  4.2  Mount the small boot filesystem for GRUB that was created in step 3.1:

 # mkdir -p /mnt/boot/grub
 # mount /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1-part1 /mnt/boot/grub

  4.4  Install the minimal system:

 # debootstrap trusty /mnt

  The debootstrap command leaves the new system in an unconfigured state.  In Step 5, we will only do the minimum amount of configuration necessary to make the new system runnable.

I then checked ls -al /mnt to make sure it looked ok.

I then skipped to Step 5.4. It was time to chroot into the imported rpool.

# mount --bind /dev  /mnt/dev
# mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
# mount --bind /sys  /mnt/sys
# chroot /mnt /bin/bash --login

At this point, we are now in the proper state to fix the system.

The complete step 5 was

  Step 5:  System Configuration

  5.1  Copy these files from the LiveCD environment to the new system:

 # cp /etc/hostname /mnt/etc/
 # cp /etc/hosts /mnt/etc/

  5.2  The /mnt/etc/fstab file should be empty except for a comment.  Add this line to the /mnt/etc/fstab file:

 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1-part1  /boot/grub  auto  defaults  0  1

  The regular Ubuntu desktop installer may add dev, proc, sys, or tmp lines to the /etc/fstab file, but such entries are redundant on a system that has a /lib/init/fstab file.  Add them now if you want them.

  5.3  Edit the /mnt/etc/network/interfaces file so that it contains something like this:

 # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
 auto lo
 iface lo inet loopback

 auto eth0
 iface eth0 inet dhcp

  Customize this file if the new system is not a DHCP client on the LAN.

  5.4  Make virtual filesystems in the LiveCD environment visible to the new system and chroot into it:

 # mount --bind /dev  /mnt/dev
 # mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
 # mount --bind /sys  /mnt/sys
 # chroot /mnt /bin/bash --login

  5.5 Install PPA support in the chroot environment like this:

 # locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
 # apt-get update
 # apt-get install ubuntu-minimal software-properties-common

  Even if you prefer a non-English system language, always ensure that en_US.UTF-8 is available.  The ubuntu-minimal package is required to use ZoL as packaged in the PPA.

  5.6  Install ZFS in the chroot environment for the new system:

 # apt-add-repository --yes ppa:zfs-native/stable
 # apt-add-repository --yes ppa:zfs-native/grub
 # apt-get update
 # apt-get install --no-install-recommends linux-image-generic linux-headers-generic
 # apt-get install ubuntu-zfs
 # apt-get install grub2-common grub-pc
 # apt-get install zfs-initramfs
 # apt-get dist-upgrade

  Warning: This is the second time that you must wait for the SPL and ZFS modules to compile.  Do not try to skip this step by copying anything from the host environment into the chroot environment.

  Note: This should install a kernel package and its headers, a patched mountall and dkms packages.  Double-check that you are getting these packages from the PPA if you are deviating from these instructions in any way.

  Choose /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1 if prompted to install the MBR loader.

  Ignore warnings that are caused by the chroot environment like:

  Can not write log, openpty() failed (/dev/pts not mounted?)
  df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted file systems
  mtab is not present at /etc/mtab.

  5.7  Set a root password on the new system:

  # passwd root

  Hint: If you want the ubuntu-desktop package, then install it after the first reboot.  If you install it now, then it will start several process that must be manually stopped before dismount.

  Step 6:  GRUB Installation

  Remember: All of Step 6 depends on Step 5.4 and must happen inside the chroot environment.

  6.1  Verify that the ZFS root filesystem is recognized by GRUB:

 # grub-probe /
 zfs

  And that the ZFS modules for GRUB are installed:

 # ls /boot/grub/zfs*
 /boot/grub/zfs.mod  /boot/grub/zfsinfo.mod

  Note that after Ubuntu 13, these are now in /boot/grub/i386/pc/zfs*

 # ls /boot/grub/i386-pc/zfs*
 /boot/grub/i386-pc/zfs.mod  /boot/grub/i386-pc/zfsinfo.mod

  Otherwise, check the troubleshooting notes for GRUB below.

  6.2  Refresh the initrd files:

 # update-initramfs -c -k all
 update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-40-generic

  6.3  Update the boot configuration file:

 # update-grub
 Generating grub.cfg ...
 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic
 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-40-generic
 done

  Verify that boot=zfs appears in the boot configuration file:

 # grep boot=zfs /boot/grub/grub.cfg
 linux /ROOT/ubuntu-1/@/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic root=/dev/sda2 ro boot=zfs $bootfs quiet splash $vt_handoff
 linux /ROOT/ubuntu-1/@/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic root=/dev/sda2 ro single nomodeset boot=zfs $bootfs

  6.4  Install the boot loader to the MBR like this:

 # grub-install $(readlink -f /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_disk1)
 Installation finished. No error reported.

  Do not reboot the computer until you get exactly that result message. Note that you are installing the loader to the whole disk, not a partition.

  Note: The readlink is required because recent GRUB releases do not dereference symlinks.

  Step 7:  Cleanup and First Reboot

  7.1  Exit from the chroot environment back to the LiveCD environment:

 # exit

  7.2  Run these commands in the LiveCD environment to dismount all filesystems:

 # umount /mnt/boot/grub
 # umount /mnt/dev
 # umount /mnt/proc
 # umount /mnt/sys
 # zfs umount -a
 # zpool export rpool

  The zpool export command must succeed without being forced or the new system will fail to start.

  7.3  We're done!

 # reboot

Before Step 6, I tried doing all of the steps above without modification. As expected, the system still wouldn’t work. (The thinking here was that this was a simple zpool.cache issue.)

On another attempt, I re-did the apt-get update and upgrade. I had an ‘aha’ moment and did:

# apt-get dist-upgrade

When I was patching for heartbleed, I was just doing an apt-get upgrade. The dist-upgrade will even install packages that are normally held back (like kernels). This minor mistake was probably what caused all of this. Anyways, after the dist-upgrade succeeded, I had some success. The system would boot and get to the point where the network was up and I could attempt to ssh in. However, I couldn’t get into my account.

At this point, my theory was that the ‘big’ pool wasn’t getting imported and mounted. That pool had my home directory. Any issue with it mounting would prevent me from logging in.

I thought I might have enough of a working system to fix the issue. I tried booting into recovery kernel via the ‘grub’ menu. When I chose the recovery kernel, I never got the proper grub recovery menu or to a shell. The system would boot and load the kernel + modules, but then it would hang. I then rebooted and edited the grub boot commands. I added a ‘1’ in order to get into single user mode. Same result, no shell. I edited the grub commands at boot again. I changed ro -> rw and adding init=/bin/bash. I then booted and got into a shell. I cannot remember if the ‘rpool’ was imported/mounted at this point. Either the rpool was mounted or I mounted it. I then noticed that my big pool wasn’t mounted, but I wasn’t sure if it would mount at this stage anyway.

I then imported my big pool. On my ‘big’ pool, I also have a zfs mount to /var/cache. Since the mount point wasn’t empty, it complained. I then cleared out the old /var/cache and remounted. All worked and looked good. However, like an idiot, I hit CTRL-D to exit the shell and the kernel immediately did a panic...(as expected). Doh! I now had the expectation that the system didn’t properly sync to disk and I would have to redo everything from the last boot.

I rebooted the system without editing the boot parameters, and the system looked like it was working. I tried to ssh in again… and it worked! wow! I guess just enough info did get synced for the system to resume.

I rebooted to verify that the system would come back up again. I also verified that I was completely up to date with apt-get update. I also verified that I had the patched OpenSSL. All of this was good. After my last reboot check, I did my normal zfs back ups to another system.

Now, why did it work? Definitely there was a self-inflicted issue with the dist-upgrade. Why didn’t the ‘big’ pool mount? Not sure. I didn’t redo the zpool.cache in the ram disks. I suspect it was just an issue of the ‘big’ pool getting imported and mounted correctly.


How do I install the btrfs-restore utility on 12.04?

ppa:dmitrij.ledkov is missing now, so the prior solution doesn't exactly work (although the idea is the same).

Use these steps:

check the "other versions" under https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/btrfs-tools
at the time of this answer, http://launchpad.net/~yofel/+archive/btrfs has a current version of btrfs-tools for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. Install using the next steps.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yofel/btrfs
sudo apt-get update
if installing new: sudo apt-get install btrfs-tools
if upgrading: sudo apt-get --show-upgraded dist-upgrade (or similar)


To do it command line like:
Check if totem is the default for your video:
cat /usr/share/applications/defaults.list | grep video

The output would be like(many other lines):
video/x-avi=totem.desktop

Append those lines to the file ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list This contain the mimeapps with theri association
cat /usr/share/applications/defaults.list | grep video >> ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list

Now open the file
gedit ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list

and replace all occurence of totem with vlc (you can use the shortcut Ctrl+H)
save and exit. enjoy
source and more info
Note: If you want to make it available for all users in your system you should replace all occurrence of totem with vlc in the /usr/share/applications/defaults.list instead of ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list.
To do it GUI like:
Rightclick any video file, choose properties. Choose Open With and there you can select VLC and the option set as default (bottom right).

This requires you to do that for every video type (mp4, mpg , mpeg, mov ....)...
Another perfect method is to use the option in Default applications.
go to "System Settings" "Details" "Default Applications"
CLick on the "down arrow" for "Video"
Select "VLC Media Player"
Then close window.


Show appmenu even when the top panel is not mouse overed

Make it stick I don't think. I just use Alt+F Alt+E .....


Had the same problem

Steps to try resolve issue!

what worked for me was to do a disk recheck and repair, solved the issue.

1- When you see the GRUB prompt, press Esc to get to the GRUB menu.  Choose recovery mode.  You'll see another menu that includes an fsck option.

2- run the following command from a terminal from a Live CD if you cant access GRUB menu typing the following command fsck /dev/sda1

3- type reboot after the process finishes if needed.

Should hopefully correct any inconsistencies and fix boot up hangs.


Need to restore default 11.10 graphics. How do I do it?

The command:

unity --reset

Should reset all your compiz (including unity) settings to the default values.


/usr/local/lib/ should be the right folder for this. It is the normal place for keeping shared library files installed manually from source code (as defined by FHS).

If you build a library by running ./configure, make, and sudo make install, it will usually install there automatically.


So the step I was missing was to confirm password and enroll MOK when rebooting.  I reinstalled the Nvidia driver, rebooted and chose to enroll MOK during the restart, supplied my password and all is working now.  The need to do this wasn't clear to me and I was using a 2nd monitor which did not display anything until after the option to take this step had disappeared from the built in laptop monitor.


Files don't open for editing on NetBeans 8.0.2

I was having the same problem as you. It went away by reinstalling netbeans in my /home/username directory.

The issue can also occur if your java version is not recent. Netbeans 8.0.2 doesnot support jdk versions 1.6 and older.


It seems to me that skype for linux doesn't provide spell-checking at all. see this link: http://community.skype.com/t5/Linux/Spell-check-in-newest-Skype-for-Linux/td-p/1050184


Choppy ATI Radeon performance multiple monitors

this is your main resource regarding the whole package of drivers that comes from AMD ATI http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Main_Page

it's an "unofficial" resource but it's also linked in the official page of download where you get the proprietary driver, in the same page there are several others links that i suggest you to follow.


Setting up mail server for providing bulk email service

You could do some of that through Postfix (and a SASL authentication library). You could certainly allow users to send emails.

The "undelivered/opened" tracking is done by making every image in the email have unique URL for that recipient. When they are requested by the email client, you know your email to that person was delivered. This means you need to pre-process the emails to alter the URLs and then have something that's logging the requests on a webserver.

Similarly, usage tracking is done by converting any links in the email in a similar way... So that if they click them, they're actually sent via one of your scripts that logs your click and then sends you to the right place.

And what makes MailChimp (et al) most useful is fancy APIs so that users don't have to do all this stuff at their end. They can have HTML templates, submit email bodies and email lists (and MailChimp manages lists too). These are significant features that can be replicated but take significant developer time.

What I'm saying is services like MailChimp aren't just SMTP relays. They do a lot of other stuff around the email sending process that makes bulk-emailing easy. If you just want to be a relay, you can do that all with Postfix.


no networks detected on HP EliteBook G2 745

So apparently the issue wasn't within the drivers/kernel at all. I've read up on:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/broadcom-sta/+bug/1343151

and

https://community.hpe.com/t5/Networking/wifi-and-brightness-issues-with-EliteBook-755-on-Ubuntu-14-04/m-p/6568286/highlight/false#M9589

and, well, as far as I've understood the EliteBook g2 755 is a mess. Although I'm on Ubuntu 16.04 and my laptop is slightly different (EliteBook g2 745) adding grub boot parameter intremap=off seems to have solved the problem.


Upgrade from 18.04 to 20.04 prevented by 'E:Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.'

The python-dev package is blocking the intended upgrade from 18.04 to 20.04. This package has been discontinued in 20.04 because Python 2.x is no longer being maintained. Open the terminal and type:
sudo apt remove python-dev python-is-python2
sudo apt autoremove

gnuradio-dev depends on python-dev, so run the following command to uninstall it.
sudo apt remove gnuradio-dev

After you have removed python-dev and gnuradio-dev you may be able to upgrade from 18.04 to 20.04 with do-release-upgrade -d without getting an E:Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks error message. If not see the answers to E:Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
If that doesn't work do as follows:
sudo apt install ppa-purge aptitude
cat /etc/apt/sources.list

Run sudo ppa-purge ppa-name to uninstall all the packages from the PPAs in your software sources. Then run sudo apt update and try to upgrade from 18.04 to 20.04 with do-release-upgrade -d.
If you try to release upgrade from the terminal and fail, you will get an error message pointing to the location of the log file where the information about which package caused the error message is stored. If not too many other packages depend on whatever package is blocking the release upgrade, you can safely uninstall it and reinstall it after the release upgrade is finished.


What should i do to complete Ubuntu upgrade?

They were Hold back because their dependencies were changed in new distribution.

Certain new dependencies were added to or removed from the same package in new version. So if the new dependencies have their own dependencies that are not going to be installed, the upgrading is held back.

Try with following :

sudo aptitude full-upgrade

If this not solve the problem :

Then you need to copy the package names that were held back and their dependencies.

Example :

Broken [PACKAGE 1M] Depends on [PACKAGE 1D] [VERSION D]
  Considering [PACKAGE 1D] [VERSION D]  a solution to [PACKAGE 1D] [VERSION M]
  Holding Back [PACKAGE 1M] rather than change [PACKAGE 1D] [VERSION D]

M-main D-dependent

Here you need to copy [PACKAGE 1M] and [PACKAGE 1D]

Then run :

sudo apt-get install [PACKAGE 1M] [PACKAGE 1D] [PACKAGE 2M] [PACKAGE 2D] ........


You can find pavucontrol on launchpad. You can install from deb (using software center) or the tar.gz file (manual; click to download).

But I would advice fixing apt.


Default gateway route being automatically added to main table

It is quite likely that this is coming from the DHCP server.  You have enabled DHCP and have not specified that you don't want to take routes from the DHCP server.
To avoid this, you can specify:
dhcp4-overrides:
  use-routes: false


How do I make a newly opened file the active window on GNOME 3?

Use a GNOME shell extensions called NoAnnoyance. This extension would put the newly launched window in focus straight away.

Read this to learn about installing and managing GNOME extensions: How do I install and manage GNOME Shell extensions?


Screen lock shuts down all applications in 17.10

I use a 5 minute screen blank on 16.04, 17.10 and 18.04 beta, and it works as expected for me.  You might also want to check launchpad bug reports, but I suspect that something else is causing problems with your system than the lock screen and blanking alone.  For example, I wonder if some extension is crashing the gnome-shell (or something equiv if you are using a different desktop)?

You might check logs e.g. journalctl -b0 to look for suspicious errors in and around the time of the blank or the unlock.   journalctl is better than dmesg for this because it provides human readable dates for logged events.


Hosting 12.04 guest on 14.04 server with KVM & libvirt

I'm answering my own question in case someone else runs into this difficulty. I found that setting the guest machine's display driver to VGA using virt-manager cleared up the issue and after this it ran fine.


Can anyone recommend a good VLC alternative?

smplayer (based on mplayer) plays all formats known to mankind and is easy to use. It also has unique features such as remembering the position in a movie when you close it.


License Visual Studio Code (or VsCodium)

VSCodium is a fork of Microsoft's popular Visual Studio Code editor. It's identical to VS Code with the single biggest difference that unlike VS Code, VSCodium doesn't track your usage data. Microsoft's Visual Studio Code is an excellent editor not only for web developers but also for other programmers. Due to its features, it’s considered one of the best open source code editors.

Source: VSCodium: 100% Open Source Version of Microsoft VS Code
In addition to the aforementioned extravagant praise for VS Code it has the additional advantage of being installable from Ubuntu Software or from the terminal with this command:
sudo snap install code --classic


Kubuntu 18.10 touchpad cannot be configured

I ended up solving this by installing a different touchpad driver.  I believe I used xserver-xorg-input-synaptics apt package which does work as well as the GNOME driver but at least enables configuring through the standard Kubuntu GUI.


Did you on purpose, or accidentally, edit the file /etc/10_linux, and especially line 94 which looks like this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_RECOVERY="$GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_RECOVERY nomodeset"

Undo any edits that you made to this file. Any changes that you might want to make to grub should be made at /etc/default/grub. Report back.


How to set the keyboard layout using the terminal?

You can put it in /etc/default/keyboard:

XKBLAYOUT="gb"

If it is a graphical desktop, like Gnome, make sure that keyboard settings are not reset by the desktop config utility by disabling it.

Alternatively, you could add the setxkbmap gb command to autostart applications.


Is there a USB 3.0 docking station which works on quantal (12.10)?

Unfortunately, I believe there are none.  A detailed discussion lambasting Displaylink for lack of Linux driver is here:
www.displaylink.org/forum/showthread.php?t=1748&page=5


New Gigabyte SSD reporting 100C but gsmartcontrol says 33C

Just because it's brand new doesn't mean it's going to adhere to reporting standards... (if there are any)
You may find two different temperatures in gnome-disks... I can see the SSD_Life_Left in smartctl -x reporting 98... but gnome-disks Smart Data reporting has that enumerated parameter as the temperature. Which is the same value in lmsensors.
The software could be reporting it wrong... or the data could be provided wrong by the drive...


External monitor not working with MacBook Pro 2011 and defect graphic card

The integrated graphic card of these MacBooks seems not to be able to send images to an external display, i.e. there does not seem to be an software solution unfortunately (that means this question is actually not Ubuntu related). An USB to HDMI adapter (external graphic card) might be able to do the job and of course and a repair of the logic board too.
This is my conclusion after reading this long thread where several people confirm that external displays are not working:

What happens if you connect external display?

Its my understanding the display port connector is hardwired to the dGPU so you cannot use the iGPU to drive an external monitor.

Source

...that it won't be able to do things it should, like run an external monitor...

Source

The other thing I have noticed is not being able to use external display. I ordered a USB to VGA converter, and hopefully that will let me use the external monitor again.

Source


I finally made it work. It was an energy problem. I have a notebook "board" which serves as ventilation and usb hub. I pĺugged 2 usb hubs to it with keyboard and trackball attached to them and I was trying to connect the Blu-ray unit to one of the hubs.
I disconnected all this, connect everything to an energized hub plugged directly to the notebook and it finally stabilized and mounted correctly.


Tried just about everything, Ubuntu wifi + networking unavailable after waking from suspend

I am experiencing the same issue with a different wifi network controller, but I have found an easy fix for me. I assume that you're using a notebook of some sort, too? Mine has a switch with which I can manually turn on or off the Wifi and other wireless connections (like Bluetooth), for airplane mode. I found out that using this switch to turn off the wifi and then turn it on again after a second makes Ubuntu restore the wifi connection.


Show running windows in launcher quicklist?

As of yet there is none. The quicklists don't update that fast (only after unity --replace or similar events). So it's a technical problem.

But that is a feature most users eagerly await. Canonical will eventually give in to this demand. It should would have reduced a great lot of disappointment with unity if showing a quicklist of open windows had been the default behaviour on mouseover from the start.


How do I disable the sound indicator notification bubbles?

AFAIK, this is option is not available as user configuration. You need to change & rebuild source of media-keys.gnome-settings-plugin (libmedia-keys.so)  from unity-settings-daemon package.

If you want disable all notification, then this is a duplicate. See How can I customize/disable notification bubbles?

I'm using Ubuntu 14.04 64bit.

Download build dependences & source:

sudo apt-get build-dep unity-settings-daemon
apt-get source unity-settings-daemon

Modify gsd-media-keys-manager.c to disable volume notification only

unity-settings-daemon-14.04.0+14.04.20140606/
nano plugins/media-keys/gsd-media-keys-manager.c

Use // to comment those two lines then return TRUE;:

static gboolean
ubuntu_osd_notification_show_volume (GsdMediaKeysManager *manager,
                                     gint value,
                                     gboolean muted)
{
        //return ubuntu_osd_do_notification (&manager->priv->volume_notification,
        //                                   "volume", value, muted, volume_icons);
        return TRUE;
}

Compile & replace the one from repository:

./autogen.sh
make
sudo cp /usr/lib/unity-settings-daemon-1.0/libmedia-keys.so /usr/lib/unity-settings-daemon-1.0/libmedia-keys.so.backup
sudo rm /usr/lib/unity-settings-daemon-1.0/libmedia-keys.so
sudo cp ./plugins/media-keys/.libs/libmedia-keys.so /usr/lib/unity-settings-daemon-1.0/libmedia-keys.so
restart unity-settings-daemon

How did I find it:

dbus-monitor
Click on volume media key, watch for the sender of notification call
You may see only as number (Ex: :1.14), use qdbusviewer to know name:

method call sender=:1.14 -> dest=:1.107 serial=176 path=/org/freedesktop/Notifications; interface=org.freedesktop.Notifications; member=Notify
   string "gnome-settings-daemon"
   uint32 0
   string "notification-audio-volume-medium"
   string " "
   string ""
   array [
   ]
   array [
      dict entry(
         string "x-canonical-private-synchronous"
         variant             string "volume"
      )
      dict entry(
         string "value"
         variant             int32 44
      )
   ]
   int32 -1

Now, you get the related package, report a bug!!! Changing Code is just an art, try it yourself. I'm not an alien.


New to Ubuntu - Windows Expert seeking advice

I would start here:
Ubuntu manual

Getting Started with Ubuntu 13.10 is a comprehensive beginners guide for the Ubuntu operating system. It is written under an open source license and is free for you to download, read, modify and share.
The manual will help you become familiar with everyday tasks such as surfing the web, listening to music and scanning documents. With an emphasis on easy to follow instructions, it is suitable for all levels of experience.


Try reinstalling the Synaptics Touchpad drivers:

sudo apt-get --purge remove xserver-xorg-input-synaptics
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

These commands will remove the Synaptics driver (and all configs) from your system, and then reinstall a clean/fresh version.


How about wget?

Three examples: one to a not existing page, one to an existing page you are not allowed to download and one that works.

wget https://askubuntu.com/testfor404

--2014-05-09 22:06:20--  https://askubuntu.com/testfor404
Resolving askubuntu.com (askubuntu.com)... 198.252.206.24
Connecting to askubuntu.com (askubuntu.com)|198.252.206.24|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 404 Not Found
2014-05-09 22:06:21 ERROR 404: Not Found.

wget https://askubuntu.com/reputation

--2014-05-09 22:07:11--  https://askubuntu.com/reputation
Resolving askubuntu.com (askubuntu.com)... 198.252.206.24
Connecting to askubuntu.com (askubuntu.com)|198.252.206.24|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 403 Forbidden
2014-05-09 22:07:11 ERROR 403: Forbidden.

wget http://askubuntu.com

--2014-05-09 22:07:36--  https://askubuntu.com/
Resolving askubuntu.com (askubuntu.com)... 198.252.206.24
Connecting to askubuntu.com (askubuntu.com)|198.252.206.24|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 69629 (68K) [text/html]
Saving to: ‘index.html’

100%[======================================>] 69.629       257KB/s   in 0,3s

2014-05-09 22:07:36 (257 KB/s) - ‘index.html’ saved [69629/69629]

That command could be expanded to show "true" or "false" in case the output shows "ERROR 404: Not Found".

The option --delete-after will delete the index.html after downloading it. --spider flag will check the page header/status without downloading.


How can i install mythtv 0.24 on ubuntu 12.04?

For Ubuntu precise (12.04), raring (13.04), saucy (13.10), trusty (14.04) use version 0.27:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mythbuntu/0.27

For Ubuntu precise (12.04), quantal (12.10), raring (13.04) and version 0.26:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mythbuntu/0.26

For Ubuntu lucid (10.04), natty (11.04), oneiric (11.10), precise (12.04), quantal (12.10) and version 0.25:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mythbuntu/0.25

For Ubuntu lucid (10.04), maverick (10.10), natty (11.04), oneiric(11.10) and version 0.24:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mythbuntu/0.24

After adding one of these repositories, you can update and install with:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mythtv


Piping multiple audio files to totem media player

It's because of the spacing in the filenames that it doesn't work...

Try

find -iname '*beatles*' -exec totem --enqueue {} +

this executes totem --enqueue with all files found, but escapes the spaces properly.


2 versions on the same software with different features

Debian and Ubuntu apt-get, apt, synaptic (and maybe a bunch of others) provides software packages from repositories in the "old fashioned" way of using deb files (similar to redhat rpm files which has been around for long).
These are easy to use, but installs software and libraries in the "old fashioned" way of adding them to the host operating system; which may break the entire OS if a bad mismatch occurs.

Snap and the similar AppImage and Flatpak are other ways to install software, they differ in the way that the software ends up in a "container", with the feature that the container includes ALL software that is required to run the package (and thus "CANNOT" disturb the host OS). But this comes with the caveat that the container might need special settings - at least - to communicate with (or maybe use portions of) the actually installed operating system or hardware and it's files and/or libraries.

E.g., to have a gimp snap package be able to print using CUPS provided by the host OS, a single

sudo snap connect gimp:cups-control

is required.

If you do not provide that, or if there is no such adaptation the OS feature will not be available.

I suspect this be the case with OpenCL in your situation.

Related: What are the differences between snaps, appimage, flatpak and others?


Permissions Issue pointing Sonarr to HDD

Ran Atomic Toolkit found here - https://www.htpcbeginner.com/install-sonarr-on-ubuntu/

Went through the process of uninstalling/reinstalling the Sonarr service using the toolkit.

Quick reboot and my drives were accessible


Terminal fills with `y` when I answer `yes` to "Are you root?" when installing packages. What's the correct answer?

"Are you root?" from apt-get is not expecting you to type an answer - by doing so you have accidentally executed the command yes, which does just what it says

DESCRIPTION
       Repeatedly output a line with all specified STRING(s), or `y'.

You can stop it just by typing Ctrl-C in the terminal.

The "Are you root?" question is just meant to give you a hint why the command you just tried failed i.e. because you didn't have sufficient privileges to run it, and should have used sudo

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras


1.First Download a standard Bangla font, such as Solaiman Lipi.

2.Install the font by copying it to either your user specific ~/.fonts folder or for system-wide effect in /usr/share/fonts/truetype folder.

3.Then close (if it is opened) and open the Google chrome.

4.Go to Settings, click on Advanced settings, in Website content section, click on the customize fonts button.

5.In the sans-serif font section, change the font to Solaiman Lipi.

This should solve the problem.


There are several ways to do this, though one would think the easiest thing for ubuntu to do would be to have some easy to access configuration options from within the dash, but that's just crazy talk.

If you're confident using the terminal then I recommend option 1, because the behaviour of the software center will be misleading and confusing.

Option 1 - Use the Terminal (Recommended)

Open the terminal Ctrl+Shift+T
To check what scopes and lenses are currently installed, use dpkg with grep. e.g. list all scopes and lens packages

$ dpkg -l | egrep "(unity-lens-|unity-scope-)"
ii  unity-lens-applications     ...     Application lens for unity
ii  unity-lens-files            ...     File lens for unity
ii  unity-lens-gwibber          ...     Gwibber Lens for unity
ii  unity-lens-photos           ...     Unity Photos Lens
ii  unity-lens-shopping         ...     Shopping lens for unity

Notes on 14.04

14.04 has a great many more lenses and scopes than ever before. Some of which can't removed without destroying the system e.g. unity-scope-home.

These are some of the scopes and lenses installed by default in 14.04:

unity-lens-video
unity-lens-friends
unity-scope-audacious
unity-scope-calculator
unity-scope-chromiumbookmarks
unity-scope-clementine
unity-scope-colourlovers
unity-scope-devhelp
unity-scope-firefoxbookmarks
unity-scope-gdrive
unity-scope-gmusicbrowser
unity-scope-gourmet
unity-scope-guayadeque
unity-scope-home
unity-scope-manpages
unity-scope-musicstores
unity-scope-musique
unity-scope-openclipart
unity-scope-texdoc
unity-scope-tomboy
unity-scope-video-remote
unity-scope-virtualbox
unity-scope-yelp
unity-scope-zotero

Scopes and leneses after most of the one's that can be removed have been removed:

$ dpkg -l | egrep "(unity-lens-|unity-scope-)"
ii  unity-lens-applications ... Application lens for unity
ii  unity-lens-files        ... File lens for unity
ii  unity-scope-home        ... Home scope that aggregates results from multiple scopes

What do the various dpkg flags like 'ii' 'rc' mean?

To remove a lens use apt-get remove. e.g. remove the unity shopping lens:

sudo apt-get remove --purge unity-lens-shopping

Option 2 - Use Ubuntu Software Center

Open up Software Center and search for "lens".
Uninstall by selecting the item and clicking "Remove".

IMPORTANT!

You must select Show (count) technical items to show all installed lenses. e.g. The "shopping lens" is a technical item, which personally I think is a little bit cheeky. You know, because you're too dumb to know what that is.
Don't select "Installed" and then search for "lens". This doesn't do what you might expect. It should list any "installed" len's, however it doesn't do that. Probably a bug.

What lenses do I recommend uninstalling?

All of them except for unity-lens-applications and possibly unity-lens-files. Personally I'd be happy a great deal happier without the dash. In place of which was a simple, straight forward, no messing, fast-as-possible, application launcher. I can't belive I'm about to say this, but there's actually something I miss about windows.

Note on 14.04 You can't remove unity-scope-home  without remove the unity-desktop and breaking the entire system.

Additional Information

I have permanent connections to Canonical servers, what are they for?


I want to create .dmg file from my source file on ubuntu so that I can distribute it on mac?

Unfortunately, there isn't yet.

The first step to get this working at all, though, would be to create an Mac OS installer for the Ubuntu SDK, so that apps can run there at all.


Trying to access an apache site takes me to index of/ instead of directly to the page

This is the default and expected behaviour of Apache. When given a URI that points to a directory, it will try to show one of the files listed in the DirectoryIndex setting, or if none of those files are found, show a file listing. The default DirectoryIndexuses various index.* files (index.html at least, index.php if you have  PHP installed, etc.). If you want to use a different file by default, you'll have to use a .htaccess file, or a Directory block in the appropriate VirtualHost, and set DirectoryIndex to the desired file name.


I saw some situations when the OOM-killer kicked in, but the log made by the OOM-killer was nothing like in your question. So I thought something is changed in the OOM-killer in a newer kernel version, so I made a livegrep for the phrase "send sigkill to", here is the result. As you can see this kind of log is not coming from the OOM-killer but from Android's lowmemory-killer. It is strange.

Knowing the source of the problem I very soon found this and this bugreport.  These explain the situation and looks like this bug was fixed in the saucy kernel, but looks like it wasn't fixed in the precise kernel.

I don't know when this will be fixed in your particular precise kernel (which I think is 3.8), but you can update your 12.04 installation to the kernel of 13.10 by installing the hardware enablement packages with

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-saucy xserver-xorg-lts-saucy libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-saucy

Of course if you don't use the xserver (no GUI) on your machine, then only install the newer kernel with:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-saucy


You need to change the quotes around the grep command for backticks:

for i in `grep -l matchpattern "$firstdir"/*`; do

Or adopt the new-style $():

for i in $(grep -l matchpattern "$firstdir"/*); do

Source: What's the difference between $(stuff) and `stuff`?


Trying to upgrade from 12.04 LTS x64 to 12.10 but it does not appear

youр config file must be set up to let you upgrade distros releases.

cd /etc/update-manager/
gksudo gedit release-upgrades

make sure that the end line looks like this :

Prompt=normal


How do I mount, edit and repack an .img file?

Did you try the standard o loop mount?

mount -o loop file.img /mnt/img

then edit and unmount normally

umount /mnt/img/


The user in that post may said that the + sign at the end of a -exec command is faster, but not why.

Lets assume the find command return the following files:

/path/to/file1
/path/to/file2
/path/to/file3

The normal -exec command (-exec command {} \;) runs once for each matching file. For example:

find ... -exec mv {} /target/ \;

Executes:

mv /path/to/file1 /target/
mv /path/to/file2 /target/
mv /path/to/file3 /target/

If you use the + sign (-exec command {} +) the command is build by adding multiple matched files at the end of the command. For example:

find ... -exec mv -t /target/ {} +

Executes:

mv -t /target/ /path/to/file1 /path/to/file2 /path/to/file3

To use the + flag correctly the argument to process must be at the end of the command, not in the middle. That's why find trows missing argument to '-exec' in your example; it misses the closing {}.


Repacing Windows 10 with Ubuntu on a brand new netbook

Press F12 to stop the booting process, insert the UbuntuLiveCD into your drive. Shut off the computer then start it again and Press F12 .. choose the cd rom drive and it should boot to the Ubuntu LiveCD

If this doesn't work you may have a bad install disc. You may have to download it again and burn it to a new DVD ... If you have any other bootable CD/DVD you can put it in the way I described and see if it will boot to that ... if it does then you can determine that the disc you are trying to use isn't working properly.


USB slots stop working suddenly from time to time

Power issues for USB 2.0

USB 2.0 has a maximum current draw available of 500mA, however it should be noted that the +5V on several ports may actually be on the same bus.  For example on a desktop case the USB ports on the front of the machine may all be on the same bus, while the ports on the back of the machine will normally be a a different bus, or have completely separate +5V supplies for each group of USB 2.0 sockets.

A low current device as defined by the USB 2.0 standards can draw up to 100mA (1 unit) while high current devices can draw up to 5 units (500mA).  Hard drives with no external source of supply are typically high current devices.

Devices should stop working if the +5V line drops below 4.75V and this is why many high power devices can cause problems on some computers.

In addition to this the circuit that supplies +5V to each bus may refuse to re-negotiate high power capability if the device is drawing enough current to pull the +5V line too low.  This is why high power devices will need to be removed and re-attached before they will work if they have failed due to a power problem, and also why a reboot does not allow them to re-attach while a full power down/up cycle may do so.

Note that if one or more low power devices are already plugged into a USB bus, there may not be enough capacity available to also run a high power device such as an external hard drive.

Using high power devices therefore needs to be planned for, and if problems exist the device needs to be used on it's own on any one bus or given a separate +5V supply.

While the USB 2.0 standards document might be a little difficult to read, there is some very good information and explanations in the wikipedia page on the subject of USB 2.0

Also note that plugging in many low power devices such as through an external USB hub device can also cause a voltage drop on the bus supply line, causing some or all of the devices to be disabled.

The types of cables used may also affect the reliability of high power devices.  For example an external hard drive plugged in via a regular long USB cable may see enough of a voltage drop at 500mA to disable itself to prevent damage to its circuitry or drive motors.  These devices are typically supplied with a special short cable, or a 'Y' cable that plugs into two USB ports to help with the power problem.  Note that this only a partial solution to the problem relating specifically to the cabling issue, it's doesn't actually allow more than 500mA to be supplied since adjacent USB ports are likely to be on the same 5V 500mA supply internally in the computer.  Even where a separate bus is used for the second plug on the 'Y' cable it won't be able to get a high current supply since it has no data connection to request it from the USB bus.  Only one of the ports will be enabled as a high current supply.

Since the very common use of USB keyboards and mice, problems can sometimes occur when these are both plugged into the same bus.  Peak load currents at power-on can exceed the design specification of the USB bus and cause one or both of the devices to be disabled or to malfunction.

Solutions to these problems usually involve using only a minimum of low power devices, using only well designed and made low power devices, making sure they are plugged into different buses with separate +5V lines, and where high power devices are involved using a powered hub to help with the supply problems seen on many USB 2.0 bus supplies.  If it's not possible to use a powered hub, then the high power device should only be plugged in after the computer is powered up and the current drain from low power devices has stabilised.

It should also be noted here that computers such as laptops and netbooks may have low power USB devices incorporated internally.  Hardware such as internal card readers, wireless 3G adapters, and webcams are often connected internally to a USB bus.  This may be a dedicated bus with it's own +5V power, or it may be shared with one or more external USB ports.


Any command/tool to show example of a command

Quite a long time, and I found some solutions:

tldr

need: npm
url: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr
command: tldr tar

PS: tldr support many clients (check readme on above repo). Especially the go client can work offline and provide all platform binaries : https://github.com/leighmcculloch/tldr/

cheat

need: python
url: https://github.com/chrisallenlane/cheat
command: cheat tar

eg

need: python
url: https://github.com/srsudar/eg
command: eg tar


How to get a white background in XFCE terminal of Xubuntu 16.04?

The easiest way to achieve that is to load a different color-preset in the terminal-preferences.


How to remove the Sendmail Mail Server from webmin?

Webmin is only a web based interface to various services and applications on Ubuntu, If you have the  Mail Transport Agent (MTA), sendmail, installed and want to remove it then use the apt-get remove sendmail or apt-get purge sendmail command as usual or use the synaptic package manager,  If you mean uninstalling via the webmin interface then you can use the command shell by expanding the others item in the left pane and clicking the command shell item then run the apt-get command from the corresponding page. You may have to use the --yes switch when you run commands from there, it is not recommended at all, it would be best to use ssh for this, an ssh interface is available in webmin but it does not work sometimes.

If you just want to remove  the sendmail module in webmin that interfaces with the sendmail MTA then doing the following may help:

In the side bar click webmin when the items expand click webmin configuration, in the window on right click webmin modules, in the page that appears, click the delete tab, In the Delete modules list box select the required module then click the Delete selected modules button, you may have to click the refresh modules Item at  the bottom of the left pane.

Some people used to recommend ebox (available in the repository) as a replacement for webmin, I do not know how well this will work as I have never used it.

ebox have since become  Zentyal available here; http://www.zentyal.org/   The installation guide is here; http://trac.zentyal.org/wiki/Document/Documentation/InstallationGuide


You will want to use Disks to reformat the drive to the FAT file format, used on most USB sticks.

First, open Disks. You should see something like this:

The bottom-most one is what we'll be working with. Click the gears underneath the Volumes panel and click "Format." You'll be greeted with another window asking you for options. Select these settings:

You can set the label to whatever you want, but this will erase anything on that drive, and reformat it to FAT.


Remove win 8, install Ubuntu 16.04 64 bit on a laptop with UEFI

If you have your bootable USB ready, you can set the boot order in your BIOS.

The difficulty could be accessing the BIOS. In theory, you should just have to shut down the laptop, press the power button and immediately start tapping the F2 key or maybe F12 or F10 to bring up the BIOS. However, you may run into problems. According to this site

  By default, a Windows 8/8.1 shutdown is not a real shutdown. Instead,
  it is hybrid shutdown where contents of memory are saved to disk. This
  allows for a faster startup. However, turning on the PC after a hybrid
  shutdown does not allow for pressing F1 or F12 during startup.

  There are several ways to enter Setup Utility (F1) or the Boot Menu
  (F12) on a Microsoft Windows 8/8.1 PC as explained below:

  Press and hold the Shift key while selecting the Shutdown option in Windows 8. This will make the PC perform a full shutdown instead of a
  hybrid shutdown. Then F1 or F12 can be pressed successfully during
  startup.
  Select Restart instead of Shutdown. Then F1 or F12 can be pressed successfully during startup.
  Disable the fast startup option in Control Panel -> Hardware and Sound -> Power Options -> Choose what the power buttons do.

BIOS versions vary, but you should be able to find the boot order menu and figure out how to change it by looking around. Put USB at the top of the list, and with the USB inserted, save configuration and exit. Now the computer should try to boot again, and if the stars are in your favour if you got everything right and the USB you made is compatible then it will boot. Things to consider:

Try using Legacy Mode instead of UEFI if it is available; this seems to avoid problems for many devices.

You might have to disable secure boot, which has to be done in BIOS too. If Windows boots after the boot order has been set to boot USB first, try disabling secure boot.

If your laptop boots with 32-bit UEFI only (even for running a 64-bit OS) you will probably need to edit your USB

If these tips don't help, visit this well-maintained forum post for more troubleshooting


I ran "dd if=file1" on accident and gibberish started flowing - Bad?

Nope. All you did was floating your screen with raw content from that image. of=FILE operand will tell dd to NOT write to stdout. So as you missed that one, all content ended up in your terminal.

It could be, that your current terminal is messed up because the shell interpreted some of that gibberish text as format instructions. But all you need to do is to close the current terminal window or log out and log in again if you're on pure command line


connecting to tomcat7 from android emulator

You can't see it because it is another localhost. To determine valid host's IP just ping your host's name from Android Emulator.

ping mukund

It should return you address like 192.168.X.Y or 10.0.X.Y. This is the correct address on which you should go with your browser.

Also, ifconfig should show you the external (as it seems to AE) IP of your machine:

$ ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:03:99:8a:3b:ee
          inet addr:10.0.0.125  Bcast:10.0.3.255  Mask:255.255.252.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::203:99ff:fe8a:3bee/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:4579990 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:1 frame:0
          TX packets:668167 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:880972560 (880.9 MB)  TX bytes:63991366 (63.9 MB)
          Interrupt:19 Base address:0x8c00

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:35718 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:35718 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:3293586 (3.2 MB)  TX bytes:3293586 (3.2 MB)

So, in my case, specifying 10.0.0.125:8080 in the AE should return the right page. The ifconfig command is also available in Android. Execute it to see the broadcast address of internal LAN.

And if you still can't determine your IP, execute this inside AE:

ping -b <broadcast>

It will return all available addresses. You should choose the one appropriate.


Go to the /usr/bin directory and look at the current symlinks for Python:

ls -l python*

You should see 2 symlinks: one referencing python3.6 and the other referencing python3.6-config. Delete those symlink files:

sudo rm python python-config

Now create new symlinks to the python version you want; python3.7 in this case:

sudo ln -s python3.7 python
sudo ln -s python3.7-config python-config

Check your work:

ls -l python*

If you see the new symlinks referencing python3.7, then do one final check to see if the default version is the one you want:

python -V


Places opens in Disk Usage Analyzer in Ubuntu 13.04

I had this problem on 14.04 using the gnome-session-fallback desktop. After trying the other solutions (removing MimeType=inode/directory; and editing /usr/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache) what actually fixed the problem was to run this command as your user:

xdg-mime default nautilus.desktop  inode/directory

By default it is set to use nautilus-folder-handler.desktop, which for some reason ends up launching the dreaded baobab.


you can do this from the terminal to get a list of installed dev packages.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

dpkg -l | grep ii | grep \\-dev


Just use pitivi:

It's simple clean easy to use. Install it:

sudo apt-get install pitivi

Here you can find a list of other software you can give a try.


You missed to tell qemu to boot from the installation media (-boot d) - so it tries to boot from the empty virtual disk and, you should select format qcow2 instead of qcow for the virtual disk.

First check whether virtualization is enabled and usable on your host operating system : kvm-ok
Output information needs to be -> INFO: /dev/kvm exists | KVM acceleration can be used

Download the Ubuntu installation file to the folder where you want to store it :

wget -O /path-to-the-storage-location/ubuntu-14.04.5-server-amd64.iso http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04.5/ubuntu-14.04.5-server-amd64.iso

Create the virtual disk in the folder where you want to place and store the disk :

qemu-img create -f qcow2 /path-to-the-virtual-disk/ubuntu-trusty.qcow2 10G

Boot from the Ubuntu installation media to install it to the attached virtual disk :

qemu-system-x86_64 -hda /path-to-the-virtual-disk/ubuntu-trusty.qcow2 -cdrom /path-to-the-installation-media/ubuntu-14.04.5-server-amd64.iso -boot d -enable-kvm -m 512

When you execute the command, the terminal looks like that (Do you eventually mean this with qemu-system-x86_64 hangs ? Don't add an option which prevents a new window to be visible) :

A new 'QEMU terminal window' opens, showing the expected option to install Ubuntu from the installation media (Note : this is an example from my setup - so the boot options are different) :

Additional information : In case the installer doesn't recognize the disk, follow these instructions.


How to modify the default hard disk location of a cloned vm in oracle vm virtualbox?

To be able to clone a VirtualBox device to another location other than the default one do the following in a terminal:

Get a list of the registered names of your virtual devices:

VBoxManage list vms

Using the name from step one, clone and move to desire location:

VBoxManage clonevm <registered-vm-name> --name <new-vm-name>  --register --basefolder /path/to/new/location

More information:

--name: name of virtualbox machine
--register: Automatically register the new clone in this VirtualBox installation
--basefolder: Folder where the new virtual machine configuration should be saved in.

Source:

https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch08.html#vboxmanage-clonevm


how to use your network as a hotspot without losing internet connections

Yesthis is possible, but you need 2 network cards:

One to access the big world (WWW)
The other to make a local LAN.

Then you need to set your pc to act as a router to the internet.

Detailed instructions can be found on the official Ubuntu site.


You need to add user to the video group
sudo adduser <username> video

You should also run the command from tty
There is this great post about it.
http://seenaburns.com/2018/04/04/writing-to-the-framebuffer/


Your user doesn't automatically get root powers by being a member of the sudo group. The only thing that confers is the ability to run sudo and by proxy gain root access.

Docker is looking for one of two things: a user with root-level powers (so only the user account known as root, which can be mimicked with sudo) or a user that is a member of the docker group.

If you'd like to run Docker without sudo, it's best to add your user to the docker group using the below command:

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

A note of warning though for this. By adding yourself to the docker group, you can create a Docker container that executes as root. If you grant this container access to your main system's hard drive, you can effectively gain root without sudo. Think very carefully to ensure that this risk is acceptable first. Also, be sure to only run trusted/audited containers. See here for a more thorough explanation as to what can go wrong.

As for why it's designed this way. Instead of just letting a user run any command as root whenever they feel like it, they need to go through the proxy of sudo. This prevents a malicious script from getting access to your user account, and then taking over the entire system.

It also fits in with Linux's general "permission isolation" model. Instead of running all the time as a privileged user, your day-to-day operation is as an unprivileged normal user which then can be escalated as needed. While you can run as root 24/7, this is highly unadvisable because it has the potential to go really wrong really fast.

If you want to escalate to the root user for the rest of your terminal session, just run sudo -i or sudo -s. Otherwise, just use sudo and stay on the safe side.


Type in the terminal:

$ vim --version | grep -e version -e +mouse.* -e +clipboard

Ideally you have the huge version installed with the clipboard feature as well as a number of mouse features compiled-in. Just in case, please, report the result by editing your question.

vi/vim use different clipboard(s) from your normal GUI: i.e. it has its very own clipboard, so if you try to copy/paste from a vim-opened file to anywhere outside vim with your mouse using CTRL+x/CTRL+v, you'll end up with .... nothing.

I) try to use your mouse (after that I will get to your exact question)

Open a file in vim and highlight text with your left mouse button pressed down. Click on the highlighted text with the right button. If you don't see an enabled "copy" contextual menu choice, it probably means that you have set

set mouse=a

somewhere in your vi/vim configuration. This option allows you to use your mouse in the 4 most common vim modes: normal (escaped), insert, visual, cmd-line modes.

Type :help mouse in your vi/vim session (normal mode) if you want to know more. If you have that option enabled you can still copy in vi and paste outside vim with your mouse. For that, just press shift as you highlight your text in vi/vim. Your vi/vim session shell will behave as if set mouse=a had not been set just for the duration of that task. This is referred to as the "xterm handling" of the mouse. You will encounter that expression if you decide to read technical stuff on this.

II)  use registers from the visual mode within vi/vim

There are two registers you can invoke from the cmd-line while in vi/vim, as you try to copy something to later paste it outside vim. I will call them the "* and the "+ registers (not their real names).

position your cursor in visual mode and highlight text
if you yank text with "*y, then you can normally paste outside vi/vim, say in an .odt file, using the middle button of your mouse. The other register is NOT affected.
if you yank with "+y, you actually yank to and subsequently paste from what's called the "clipboard". In that case you will clobber whatever was in the clipboard up to that instant. To paste outside vi/vim, just use the usual CTRL+v`.

Note: After pasting, neither registers' state changes. They still contain the same stuff as before. You can go back to vi/vim and paste their content with either "*p or "+p (after the cursor) or perhaps also just p.

You can actually change the above behavior by making everything paste to the clipboard. Do :help clipboard from within the normal vi/vim mode to find out more about the clipboard. Usually having differentiated registers accessible with either "*yor "+y is fiendishly practical, because when you want to preserve what is already in the clipboard, you just use "*y to yank or "*d to cut out -> no disruption to the clipboard there!

If somehow using "+y or "+d doesn't work for you, as seems to be case it is maybe because you have NOT installed all the compiled feature you need for your vim. In particular if you don't have the "clipboard" feature, go ahead and install the package vim-gtk from the Ubuntu Software Center, or:

$ sudo apt-get install vim-gtk

That will set you up nicely, along with extra nice add-ons to interactively look at files written in C, Python, latex, Perl, Ruby and others, not to mention local html doc for vim if you need it.

... which you do if you are going to do anything with vim really.  ;-)

If you do that, you might want to close all your vim sessions and perhaps even source your .vimrc file, although I am not clear on that. Logging out and back in won't hurt though.

And this was just scratching the surface of vi...

EDIT:

For section I): you can arrange for automatic X11 primary "*y register copying upon selecting with the mouse in visual mode, by including set go+=ainto yr ~/.vimrc file.

For section II): If you have the clipboard feature compiled in your install of vim, you can map clipboard copying to CTRL+c by inserting :vmap <C-C> "+y in your ~/.vimrc. Thereafter you will only need to highlight your text, do CTRL+c to copy to clipboard, and CTRL+v to paste anywhere outside vi/vim. No more "+y needed here in this case. This specific mapping is only valid for the visual mode.


How to install Ubuntu on the Samsung Galaxy S3?

Is there a guide to installing Ubuntu on other devices?
The short answer is no, there is not. At the moment, the only release available is not for commercial or normal use, and for developers only. It's very unstable and shouldn't be done by those who are not serious about developing with that software and hardware.
What are my options?
Nexus 7 Installer
Because you do not have a Nexus 7, this isn't compatible, but you may find it interesting to learn more. This could also be an option for you, if you're willing to invest in buying a Nexus 7.
The Nexus 7 installer is not for commercial or normal use, and for developers only. It's very unstable and shouldn't be done by those who are not serious about developing with that software and hardware. Just like I said above, it's only for people really wishing to commit to this and people who won't cry about the countless bugs it has.
The Nexus 7 installer installs the ARM version of Ubuntu onto the device. That means it's the actual desktop OS, and isn't designed specifically for mobile devices.
If you wish to learn more about this you can use the sources below:

My answer about Ubuntu on Android
Install instructions from the wiki
Learn more from this video

Installing Ubuntu manually on your device
The other option you have is installing the actual desktop OS onto your phone, which can be easy depending on what method you use. I have seen it in real life, so it does work. But doing this is completely your choice, and if you 'brick' your device or it breaks, you are not insured or protected. No-one will replace it or reimburse you, it's purely your own risk. Zedomax - a YouTuber does many tutorial videos on how to install Ubuntu like this on many different devices.
If you wish to do this, you can view the links below:

How to root the Samsung Galaxy S3. This is a requirement to install Ubuntu on any device.
How to install Ubuntu on Android
Run Ubuntu on Mobile
Run Ubuntu Linux on Samsung Galaxy S3
Samsung Galaxy S3 running Ubuntu

Or you can wait for the new Ubuntu Phone OS!
Only a couple days ago there was an announcement from Mark Shuttleworth about the new Ubuntu Phone OS! Since not much has been revealed, and no-one really knows a whole heap about it - I can gives you links and links and more links. It's a pretty interesting read and watch.

Ubuntu Phone OS Unveiled
Ubuntu for Phones
"Ubuntu Phone" by lockergnome on YouTube
Ubuntu Phone hands-on demo
Ubuntu for Phones Trailer with Mark Shuttleworth

Good luck!


How to change the default appearance of amarok in Ubuntu 14.04

Well, Amarok was originally developed under KDE and maybe in Kubuntu it was easier for you to change themes but still you can try these solutions one of them should work:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install kcontrol

if it didn't work then try:

sudo apt-get install systemsettings

After this you should be able to configure KDE apps.


Looks like you'll need a fully installed Ubuntu and not just a bootable ISO on a USB stick (which is what most of the howtos refer to). The good news is, Ubuntu can be easily installed on a USB device, in exactly the same way you would install it to an hdd.

How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator)

Another way would be to install Ubuntu in Virtual Box.


I found an option that fits perfectly to my needs. In the Network Manager, under the Wired Connection used for just for local purpuses: IPv4 settings--> "Routes" button --> "Use this connection only for resources on its network"


Super + D keyboard shortcut does not hide desktop in Ubuntu 16.04

If you push and hold super key, you should see tab with default keyboard shortcuts. And here you can see shortcut Ctrl+Super+D with is that one you are looking for.

And if you want set your own, you can do this in keyboard settings.


You can move the partition with a number of tools from dd to gparted. I would move it from a live CD.

Once you move the partition you need to do two things

update-grub

First mount your new root partition.

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

Prepare the chroot

for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done

I personally would update and re-install grub

sudo chroot /mnt
update-grub
grub-install /dev/sda

update fstab

While still in the chroot, edit /etc/fstab , make sure your root partition points to /dev/sda1

You can use "/dev/sda1" or UUID, to list your partitions by UUID use blkid

# If needed
blkid

nano /etc/fstab

Make sure your root entry looks something like

# / moved to /dev/sda1
UUID=xxxx-yyy-zzz  /  ext4  errors=remount-ro  0  1

Or

# / moved to /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1  /  ext4  errors=remount-ro  0  1

Reboot

Reboot your computer and all should be well.

All the assumes you do not have a separate /boot partition. If you do, when configuring the chroot, mount your boot partition at /mnt/boot


` ERROR could not access file 'provider-state'` when bootstrapping

Juju will use the url specified in your environments.yaml file under a provider of type maas.

It should look something like this:

maas:
  type: maas
  # Change this to where your MAAS server lives.  It must specify the base path.
  maas-server: 'http://192.168.1.140/MAAS/'

Note, there can be some differences based on the version of Juju you're using, so if you could edit your post to state the version of Juju, it would make it easier for us to answer definitively.


System-wide change
The default browser is determined by the x-www-browser alternative.
In order to add the Tor browser to the list of available options, you have to run this command:
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/x-www-browser x-www-browser /path/to/torbrowser/executable 1

Then, you need to select it as the default by using
sudo update-alternatives --config x-www-browser

You may also do the same for gnome-www-browser as well.
Note that this is a system-wide change. If you're looking to change it for just your user, let me know.

Change for a single user only
In order to set this is the default for a single user, a little more work may be required (but not much).
gedit ~/.local/share/applications/torbrowser.desktop

Paste the following into the file and save (be sure to use the real path of the Tor browser script):
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Icon[en_US]=browser
Name[en_US]=Tor Browser
Exec=/path/to/tor/browser
Name=Tor Browser
Icon=browser

Then, execute the command:
xdg-settings set default-web-browser torbrowser.desktop


In Ubuntu, is there an application like "Huawei Mobile Partner" for broadband dongle modems?

Modem Manager GUI
modem-manager-gui is a complete solution to manage and monitor mobile network based modems. Some of its features include:

In addition to Display Bandwidth and SMS, it has USSD support too.
Can manage (Stop or Start) the processes that use bandwidth.

For a complete list of features, visit the official homepage. It is available on Ubuntu repos for Ubuntu 14.04LTS and above. To install, click here:

Or run the following command:
sudo apt install modem-manager-gui


Ubuntu 14.10 (Utopic Unicorn) doesn't connect to wireless networks

Try disabling and re-enabling your wireless.  Settings > Network > Wireless  and toggle switch it off and then back on. Or

ifconfig wlan0 down

ifconfig wlan0 up


Is it safe to purge resolvconf if you handle /etc/resolv.conf via puppet?

It is advisable not to purge or remove the resolvconf package even if resolv.conf is managed by something other than resolvconf. The reason is that the mere presence of resolvconf suppresses various other programs' default behavior of futzing directly with /etc/resolv.conf. So you probably want to keep the resolvconf package installed in order to suppress that futzing.

Note that the resolvconf program never touches /etc/resolv.conf directly: it writes its dynamic resolv.conf file at /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf and /etc/resolv.conf is normally a symbolic link to the latter. So if puppet puts a file at /etc/resolv.conf instead of the symlink then resolvconf won't overwrite it.


Okay, based on what you have said so far it is not clear what format the drive is in right now, or if there are any files on it. Let's assume that there are, but this should give you the info you need as well as the option to fix the setting to make it auto mount.

From Dash search for Disk and open the program called disks. The left side of the screen shows the disk's available and the right side of the screen shows the partition's as well as gives you details about them.

From within the disks program click on your Samsung drive. The left side of the screen will show you partition info. The below picture is my current partition setup on a Windows 8.1 machine, with a Recovery partition, and dual booted with Ubuntu.

So when you do this and find the partition in question click on it to select it. Once selected, click on the gear looking icons and select

  Edit Mount Options

I suspect for you, the last option of Filesystem type will be set to 'ext4' and not 'auto'. To change it click off Automatic Mount Options

Go down to

  Filesystem Type

and type in auto.

Turn Automatic Mount Options back on and restart the computer. It should mount, and hopefully you will still have files.

Edit: You said in your comments that the mount point lists as /usr. You probably want to change that to /mnt/somedirectory. Take a look at

  Edit Mount Options

again and set the "Mount Point" setting to be something other than /usr. I suggest a subdirectory of /mnt. So for example:

 /mnt/Samsung

Don't forget to create the directory in /mnt

 sudo mkdir /mnt/Samsung


If you look on the pinta github it says it requires mono and that it's built with Gtk# which uses the C# language. C# requires a runtime to run (a bit like java) and on Ubuntu it is achieved by using mono which is an open-source implemntation of .NET. So it's perfectly normal that it's the '.exe' that's being called.

You can find more information about mono here, I'm afraid I've told you everything I can about it!


How do I use a credential file for CIFS in /etc/fstab?

My working credentials file is located in my ~ folder and looks like this

username=[username]
password=[password]

Its permissions are -rw------- and it is owned by my user.

The corresponding fstab line is

//[URL]/[sharename] /media/[mountpoint] cifs vers=3.0,credentials=/home/[username]/.sharelogin,iocharset=utf8,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,uid=[username],gid=[username],nofail 0 0

I don't use "domain" but that doesn't mean that you don't need it.


Install GParted from Ubuntu Software or via apt-get.
Start GParted and select your USB device (example: /dev/sdc). Verify selected device size matches the USB device size.
Delete any partitions on the USB device.
Create a new partition and format as FAT32 or NTFS.
Apply changes.


What is the best video converter software to make files to be played in iPhone & iPod?

Try HandBrake. As you see it has iPod and iPhone configurationss (presets) by default. :)


How to back up my entire system with all components?

The most reliable way to backup your entire system would be to boot a live system and use a tool like clonezilla to create a (bootable) backup. Clonzilla, System Rescue


If file /etc/adjtime is not present, systemd assumes the hardware clock is set to UTC.

The hardware clock can be queried and set with the timedatectl command. To change the hardware clock time standard to localtime, use:

sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc 1

If you want to revert to the hardware clock being in UTC, do:

sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc 0

These will generate /etc/adjtime automatically and update the RTC accordingly; no further configuration is required.


What happens if my system is improperly shutdown?

Well, the real question here is "what could not happen" because of happening bad stuff doing hard shutdowns there are many:

Data loss
Data corruption
Degradation of the hard disk plates
Filesystem inconcistency
some weirdness about services
etc.

Why there isn't more detailed and technical information? Well, because nobody does, and you shouldn't either. BTW, this isn't exclusive to Ubuntu or Lubuntu or any operating system, all machines should be properly shut down with their pre-established methods.


How to install Super Boot Manager on ubuntu 16.04?

You must go here :

https://launchpad.net/~ingalex/+archive/ubuntu/super-boot-manager/+packages

Download and install with GDebi the correct version of BUC for your system.

buc_0.5.2-20_i386.deb for 32 Bit or
buc_0.5.2-19_amd64.deb  for 64 Bit

Then you run in the terminal: apt install super-boot-manager


How to start custom applications as root automatically on boot?

Definitely check out http://upstart.ubuntu.com/getting-started.html as that's probably the route you want to go.

Another route would be to add the commands you want run as root to your /etc/rc.local file

Finally, it's really not advisable to be logging-in in as root at all, let alone auto-logging-in in as root.  Nevertheless, one could just  assign your user all the same permissions as root via user management.


How I can monitor for new files in a directory and drop a mail if files are not added every 30 mins?

You might be able to do something as simple as:

#!/bin/bash
targetDir="$1"
while true; do
  files=("$targetDir"/*)
  sleep 30m ## wait 30 minutes
  files1=("$targetDir/"*)
  if [[ ${#files[@]} == ${#files1[@]} ]]; then
     echo "No new files added" | mail user@example.com
  fi
done

Save that script as ~/bin/watch.sh or whatever you like, make it executable (chmod a+x ~/bin/watch.sh) and run it giving it the target directory as an argument:

watch.sh /path/to/dir

Now, that is a very naive approach and simply counts the number of files every 30 minutes. So if one file is deleted but another one added, it will think there are no new files. It would probably be a better idea to take the timestamp of the newest file and check if it was last modified more than 30 minutes ago:

#!/bin/bash
targetDir="$1"
newest=0;

while true; do
  ## Wait for half an hour. This is done at the beginning of the loop
  ## to ensure we wait a half hour before the first check
  sleep 30m
  ## Get the current time in seconds since the epoch
  now=$(date '+%s')
  for file in "$targetDir"/*; do
    ## Get the file's modification time in seconds since the epoch
    lastMod=$(stat -c "%Y" "$file")
    ## Is this file newer than the current newest?
    if [[ $lastMod -gt $newest ]]; then
      newest=$lastMod
    fi
  done
  ## If the newest file is older than half an hour
  if [[ $((now - newest)) -gt 1800 ]]; then
    echo "No new files added since $(date -d '- 30 min')" |
      mail user@example.com
  fi
done

If you don't want to run a script for ever like that, you could instead write one that checks the timestamps and call the script every 30 minutes:

#!/bin/bash
targetDir="$1"
newest=0;

for file in "$targetDir"/*; do
  ## Get the file's modification time in seconds since the epoch
  lastMod=$(stat -c "%Y" "$file")
  ## Is this file newer than the current newest?
  if [[ $lastMod -gt $newest ]]; then
    newest=$lastMod
  fi
done
## Get the current time in seconds since the epoch
now=$(date '+%s')
## If the newest file is older than half an hour
if [[ $((now - newest)) -gt 1800 ]]; then
    echo "No new files added since $(date -d '- 30 min')" |
     mail user@example.com
fi

Now, save that as ~/bin/watch.sh and make it executable (chmod a+x ~/bin/watch.sh). Then, run crontab -e and add this line:

*/30 * * * * /home/techie/bin/watch.sh

Save the file (saving adds the crontab) and you're done. The script will be run every 30 minutes.


You should quote the file or directory name, that contains special characters, when you using it:

cd 'ISO&Emulator'

cd "ISO&Emulator"

Or escape (or quote) just the special character:

cd ISO\&Emulator
cd ISO'&'Emulator
cd ISO"&"Emulator

In most cases you can use the auto-completion function:

cd ISOTab ↹

Recently I found a nice answer, provided by @MartinThornton, that describes how to bind PgUp and PgUp to Select a particular result from completion suggestions.
See also: How to make tab completion append slash for directory symlinks?

Unlike the single quote marks the double quote marks are applicable when the name contains a variable:

cd "$HOME/ISO&Emulator"


It's OK now. I installed pango-graphite and everything fine.


Why my server didn't restart after reboot command?

$ man shutdown
  -r, --reboot
       Reboot the machine.

You forgot to include that option?
Check
$ history | grep shutdown
?


Ubuntu 13.10 doesn't let Citrix (icaclient) run

A-ha!

I can't remember how I found it now, but the answer is here. I found that "how to" (for which I created that link) for through the answer to this AskUbuntu question.


You said you use Ubuntu 20 live CD and that the two drives are in Raid 1.
What software are you using for the Raid: mdraid, zfs? Or you are using a RAID hardware controller or your motherboard provides it?.
With what OS you created the RAID? Was this working with Ubuntu previously or you created in a Windows system and booting with Ubuntu live you want to access the Data?.
To know what is mounted type:
mount

This will list the mounted filesystems.
However as you're booting from a live Ubuntu the system will not attempt to mount the local drives, even if it could, if you don't do manually.
Cheers


Where are the logs of fsck done via the recovery mode at?

There won't be any, if there is filesystem damage at boot, there won't be any filesystem mounted to write the log in yet.  Writing a log can make any damage worse.


There's a bug at launchpad for it here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/1799007

As I said there, seems to have an way to get pulseaudio working, but it still doesn't with the system:

$ sudo apt install --reinstall pulseaudio
$ pulseaudio

At restart, you still need to run the pulseaudio comand again.


Here is a link to the Ubuntu Weekly Newsletter:

https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-news


Chrome Remote Desktop host setup instructions not showing for Ubuntu 18.04

If anyone else has this issue, try this:
mkdir ~/.config/chrome-remote-desktop


If you're using nautilus elementary, you can try gloobus.


Browser launch is slow on ubuntu 13.04 64-bit

Try installing preload.  As far as I can remember it is a utility which analyses your usage patterns and preloads the relevant libraries to memory, thereby reducing the startup times of your applications.  It certainly won't do any harm.

To install from the official repo's do:

sudo apt-get install preload

from the command line.


The simple answer is Yes. Basically Unity is just a shell on top of gnome3 so you can use any desktop environment you like.

The login screen you are talking about is not unity but lightdm. Ubuntu uses lightdm and the default theme used is unity-greeter which is independent of unity. So make sure lightdm as well as unity-greeter is installed and choose your session. Basically what you can do is change default setting of lightdm with /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-set-defaults and lightdm also offers another gtk theme called lightdm-gtk-greeter if you dislike the default login screen.

you may set default session and greeter

/var/lib/lightdm/lighdm-set-defaults -s YourSessionName
/var/lib/lightdm/lighdm-set-defaults -g lightdm-gtk-greeter/unity-greeter

Or you may opt to choose a completely different display manager i.e. GDM, LXDM or Slim

gdm used to be display manager prior 11.10


When using dualboot, can Windows 10 access files on my Ubuntu encrypted partition?

For starters Windows can't even mount an ext file system by default in the first place. so the chances of windows accessing your encrypted Ubuntu partition is imposable unless you use a problem like Ext2Fsd.

Your drive is encrypted what makes imposable to access without providing a password.

Windows virus have no affect what so ever on a Linux Operating system what so ever so there is no need to worry.


Using Windows VM as a print server for Linux clients?

Methods I can think of:

Windows (server 2008 R2 or newer) VM + IIS to enable internet printing (IPP). This should allow you to print using the drivers stored on the server as IPP sends the job over as an encapsulated PDF file. TechNet article for this feature. I've never tried this method but it seems like it should work.
Windows (any) VM + "web print" server from printer management software inside  windows. We use PaperCut for this purpose at my work. It's free for up to 5 users and will print PDF files with the web print feature with minimal configuration. This will require saving as PDF and using a web based service on the print server to send the document over to the printer. The server will use it's drivers to do the actual rendering of the print job.
Windows (any) VM + Google Cloud Print + Google Chrome. Similar to the above but uses Google's servers to do the web portion. Requires the VM to be logged in and running Chrome's background services app at all times.
Unless you have several spare toner refills buy a new printer that has good compatibility. Honestly, the level of effort and frustration you will likely go through to get a working solution is not worth it for these consumer printers.


could not exec dpkg! e: sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (100) - I cant fix it

A quick search on several support places returned many posts talking about dpkg permissions which is solved by providing the proper permissions as mentioned in this site: https://thelowedown.wordpress.com/2010/04/16/debian-apt-get-installs-fail-with-dpkg-error-code-100/

I am going to reproduce the steps over here for your convenience.

  The Advanced Package Tool, or ‘apt’ on Debian-based systems is the
  mainstay for installing, upgrading and removing packages.  Behind the
  various apt tools, the Debian package manager, dpkg, carries out the
  heavy lifting.  You might wish to install new versions of packages
  periodically with the sequence:

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

  Recently, this and any other upgrade failed on Debian Lenny with:

E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (100)

  A quick look at /usr/bin/dpkg revealed the following!

---------- 1 root root 365324 2010-03-08 15:35 dpkg

  A quick ‘chmod 755 /usr/bin/dpkg’ fixed the problem!  I know I did not
  change the permissions, so it must have been a recent patch.
  Hopefully this gets fixed quickly!

I suggest you to have a look (as mentioned in the page) to dpkg permissions in order to see if this is your case. You can do it by running ls -l /usr/bin/dpkg

It should return something like:

geppettvs@T400:~$ ls -l /usr/bi/dpkg
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 261840 jun  9  2014 /usr/bin/dpkg

Please edit your question in order to add the details of this last command and if you see different file permissions, try the solution previously mentioned in order to attempt fixing your error.

If you need further help don't hesitate to drop a comment over here.

Good luck!


is there some sort of all-purpose logging tool I can download as a package?

Webmin may be what you're looking for.

It gives you a web login [open-able in common web browsers] into your computer once installed, default https://your.computer.location:10000 and then over HTTPS
you can access the command line, manage different servers and services installed on your computer, user profiles, and other computer settings. Examples of what you can manage is the Apache server, FTP, SSH, and other servers, plus it has access to the MySQL tools.

Check out http://www.webmin.com/ for more details.

-Jared


How does process priority influence a process

In PCs running recent OSs processes seem to run simultaneously, but are actually running one after another. Processes can be in several states, simplified here:

running (currently claiming CPU time)
ready (ready to claim the CPU for some work)
wait (waiting for other processes via inter-process communication, or I/O like disk or network)
sleep ("I don't need your time now")

The priority a process has tells the scheduler to pick the process with the highest priority with a ready state to allow to use the CPU. So, in the case where several processes are in the ready state, the one with the highest priority will get most of the time. And because Linux is a preemptive kernel, it can put processes from the running state on hold and let other processes do their work. The time processes get is divided in timeslices and the algorithm for the actual scheduling can also be selected.

Changing the nicelevel does not change anything for the memory manager as far as I know, but yes, it does influence on resource locking in a way that processes with a higher priority should finish earlier.

I suggest you to read more on this topic: Wikipedia: Preemptive multitasking and O'Reilly - Understanding the Linux Kernel (2000)

And, by the way, please note that a lower nicelevel means higher priority in Linux.


ffmpegthumbs 4:15.12.3-0ubuntu1 is buggy and unpacks ffmpegthumbs.so to the wrong location. Until the package is fixed a workaround is to link the files to the correct location:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/plugins/* /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt5/plugins/

This works on my installation of Kubuntu 16.04 LTS. By the way ffmpegthumbs needs kio-extras to work (should be installed on Kubuntu by default as a dependency of kubuntu-desktop).


How to access a XFS partition on external USB drives?

Sometimes, when a storage unit (partition, drive, etc.) is formatted, the owner of the space is root. Try changing the devices permissions. Make your user account the owner and allow all users full access to the storage unit.


Problem while trying to boot Ubuntu 14.04

Your DVD (or DVD drive) is dirty or broken. Please clean it or replace it. Or use a different medium type to install Ubuntu (e. g. a USB thumb drive).


wubi said files is missing after selecting UEFI and csm

You can't just switch from UEFI to CSM and expect it to boot. That will just stop Windows booting. Wubi doesn't work on UEFI period.

Wubi doesn't work on UEFI computers due to the partition table the disk uses. The only way to get it to work would be to completely reformat, reinstall Windows and then install Wubi.

Even then, replacing a GPT disk with MBR partition table doesn't clean up all GPT data and Ubuntu will fail to install due to exceptions thrown from parted. You'd have to download a program called fixparts to completely erase the GPT data.

This is obviously an excessive amount of effort to go to in order to install Wubi which is generally intended to try out Ubuntu safely.

Since Wubi does not support any new computers shipping with Windows 8, or any computer booting via UEFI you have to choose an alternative method of which there are many:

normal dual boot
replace Windows
install (non Wubi) to an external drive
install in a virtual machine
run from a live USB with persistence
run from a live DVD


Export CPU usage of SINGLE PROCESS in csv format

This one does the trick:

#!/bin/bash
while true; do
pidstat | grep 1117 >>pidload.csv
sleep 1
done

Just put it in a shell script. 1117 in this case is the process id you want to track. chmod +x SCRIPTNAME and you are good to go.

if you want specific data, you can awk it, like so:

pidstat | grep 1117 | awk '{ print $3, $8 }' >>pidload.csv


The laptop Asus R558UQ demands few drivers (available in CD while purchase) need to be installed  prior installing ubuntu. In my case i directly installed ubuntu without installing drivers. Due to which it was going to hung state.

Thanks
ASH


How can I add a PPA from a previous release?

You should choose Modify in Software & Updates > Other software from raring to quantal distribution.


Short and sweet: No.

A terminal is only capable of displaying text. Flash is far more advanced than just text. The terminal browsers out there display nothing more than the text of websites. It is simply not possible to embed Flash support on a terminal browser.


Pydev not found in ubuntu Software center

You should be able to install it through Eclipse. The PyDev page has the instructions on how to do this.

If you are not using Aptana, scroll down to Installing with the update site and start there. You'll start by going through Help > Install New Software...

I just did it myself on 12.04 and so far everything seems to be working fine.


Terminator is not launching after updating

This issue has been resolved in the repository, but that the fix for Ubuntu 16.04 has not yet been released with an incremental build. This seems to have something to do with newly-added support for Python 3, but I haven't delved too deep into the source or related pull requests to figure out exactly what the root cause is. Here's the link to the issue in the Terminator GitHub mirror where this patch is discussed: https://github.com/gnome-terminator/terminator/issues/10

In order to run Terminator on a fully-updated Ubuntu 16.04 environment at the moment it appears that you'll need to pull and build Terminator from the master branch of the application itself. You'll need git installed to do this:

git clone https://github.com/gnome-terminator/terminator.git

You'll need the ubuntu 16.04 packages for both python and python-vte installed to build and install the app correctly:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install python python-vte

From there just cd into the newly-cloned Terminator repo directory with cd ./terminator, and install the app as a sudoer like this:

sudo ./setup.py install --record=install-files.txt

You can review the full install and uninstall process in the INSTALL file within the root directory of the terminator repo.

Whenever the next Ubuntu 16.04 build is released on the Launchpad PPA you should be able to go back to installing terminator with apt as you normally would, though you should probably uninstall the hand-built version when you do, like this:

sudo ./setup.py uninstall --manifest=install-files.txt

I've just stepped through this process and now have terminator working on my fully upgraded Ubuntu 16.04 Desktop environment.


Wireless conection stops working after app. 30min on RTL8723BE

You can install a better wireless driver for this chip. Run these commands in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms linux-firmware

And reboot.