How to remove Ubuntu w/ Gnome and put on Windows 7?

not sure how to mark this as a duplicate, but it's a common question.  See here for the answer


How to remove some packages which contain a certain keyword?

apt-get supports regular expressions. Just include a ., * or ? in the package name to make it an expression:

apt-get remove 'xfce.'

From man apt-get:

If no package matches the given expression and the expression
contains one of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX
regular expression, and it is applied to all package names in the
database. Any matches are then installed (or removed). Note that
matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' matches 'how-lo' and
'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular expression with
a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular
expression.


How can I install Ubuntu 12.04 on Samsung NP900X3D-A01BG

you may have corrupted your your installation of windows 8. the software that you used to re-size the main partition may have corrupted it because its not 100% compatible with windows 8. i hope you took the precaution of making a back up of your windows install. which you could use to do a re-install and make the partitions the size you want from the get go. and you can also use that back up to possible repair any problems that may have been created with the re-size / deletion of some partitions. furthermore i would suggest using 12.10 or 13.04, in my experience they play alot nicer with UeFI machines and windows 8. i know 13.04 isnt totally stable but i haven't had any problems with it yet.


How do I control an Upstart session job over SSH?

One way, which I find cumbersome, is given in the Upstart Cookbook (4.3.1.1: Joining a Session). You have to set UPSTART_SESSION:

export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/$(id -u)
export UPSTART_SESSION=$(initctl list-sessions | awk '{print $2; quit}')

After that, it works fine:

$ status tor9050
tor9050 start/running, process 31096


Only have HDMI / Display Port for sound except Analog

I just only reinstall analog package:

sudo apt-get remove analog
sudo apt-get install analog

Reboot Ubuntu. Try sudo aplay -l again and Analog devices is shown in lists:

**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC3246 Analog [ALC3246 Analog]
  Subdevices: 0/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

That's all!


Xrandr and nvidia-settings information inconsistent

I used to have a similar set-up and would advise you not to delete the noveau drivers.

The reason being, when things go wrong and you need to rescue the system, the noveau drivers are the fail-safe drivers that you know will work.

I believe I have the correct information here. I have recently changed laptops, and I can not remember exactly what was what!

As you say, 640x480 is not really very useful and is obviously not really what is being displayed. Take a look at this question and the answer with the green tick, it should point you in the right direction.


Brother's scanner is not working on Ubuntu 12.10 32-bits

HOW TO INSTALL PRINTER/SCANNER Brother DCP-J125 DRIVERS ON UBUNTU 12.10 64-BIT / 32-BIT

INSTALLING PRINTER DRIVER

Install 32-bit library - ia32-libs through Ubuntu Software Center.

Search under "ia32-libs" or "multiarc"

For 32 bit Ubuntu : Skip step 1 .
Download LPdriver dcpj125lpr-1.1.3-1.i386 and cupswrapper dcpj125cupswrapper-1.1.3-1.i386 (the debian versions) from

http://welcome.solutions.brother.com/bsc/public_s/id/linux/en/download_prn.html#DCP-J125
Make directories first

sudo mkdir /var/spool/lpd

sudo mkdir /var/spool/lpd/dcpj125

Install dcpj125lpr-1.1.3-1.i386 :

sudo dpkg -i --force-all  dcpj125lpr-1.1.3-1.i386.deb

For 32 bit Ubuntu : just click to install

Install dcpj125cupswrapper-1.1.3-1.i386

sudo dpkg -i --force-all  dcpj125cupswrapper-1.1.3-1.i386.deb

For 32 bit Ubuntu : just click to install

Turn on printer
Add printer in Printing - Brother DCP-J125

INSTALLING SCANNER DRIVER

Download brscan3 64bit and scan-key-tool 64 bit (debian versions)
from

http://welcome.solutions.brother.com/bsc/public_s/id/linux/en/download_scn.html
Click on both files and install them through Ubuntu Software Center
Ignore warnings and install.
On terminal type:

  sudo gedit /lib/udev/rules.d/40-libsane.rules

Add the following two lines to the end of the device list.
(Before the line "# The following rule will disable ..."):
If there is "LABEL="libsane_rules_end"", add the following 2 lines before "LABEL="libsane_rules_end"".

The lines to be added :

  #Brother scanners
  ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"

Save and Restart the OS.

Works for Simple Scan, XSane,  sane-pygtk and perhaps others too..


When will btrfs-progs (stable??) arrive in the repositories?

btrfs-progs is called btrfs-tools in Ubuntu (or any Debian based distro).

You can follow this bug report on Launchpad to stay informed about the package's status.

From the bug report you can see there's already a packaged version in Debian unstable, so this needs to be merged (ie., someone needs to step up and do it, but I got no info whether that's planned for Precise or not).


New NextCloud installation requires change but I'm not sure where to run this line of code

occ is a console script in the Nextcloud html directory, which should be per default located at /var/www/html/nextcloud or maybe /var/www/nextcloud/.

You can cd into that directory and run ./occ from there:

cd /var/www/html/nextcloud
./occ db:convert-filecache-bigint

or run it from anywhere with full path provided:

/var/www/html/nextcloud/occ db:convert-filecache-bigint

  Note that the official documentation states that you must run occ as your HTTP user (which defaults to www-data in Debian/Ubuntu) to ensure that the correct permissions are maintained on your Nextcloud files and directories:
  sudo -u www-data php occ
  or sudo -u www-data php /var/www/html/nextcloud/occ

See: > Using the occ command

If you have installed Nextcloud as a snap package, you can run occ as nextcloud.occ.

nextcloud.occ db:convert-filecache-bigint


In QML, is there a Conditional Layout that corresponds to the phones orientation?

You can use the [QtQuick.Window][1] API to access Qt::ScreenOrientation (requires Qt >= 5.1, 14.04 provides 5.2):

Qt.PrimaryOrientation: The display's primary orientation.
Qt.LandscapeOrientation: Landscape orientation, display width is greater than display height.
Qt.PortraitOrientation: Portrait orientation, display height is greater than display width, rotated 90 degree clockwise relative to landscape.
Qt.InvertedLandscapeOrientation: Inverted landscape orientation, rotated 180 degrees relative to landscape.
Qt.InvertedPortraitOrientation: Inverted portrait orientation, rotated 180 degrees relative to portrait.

The following code will modify the layout if a Landscape orientation is detected:

import QtQuick 2.1
import QtQuick.Window 2.1

ConditionalLayout
{
    name: "column"
    when: Screen.orientation == Qt.LandscapeOrientation
    Column
    {...


the installation tutorial of couchbase on ubuntu 12.04

The best way to install Couchbase Server is to download it.  To do so just select the server platform of your choice.  Once downloaded, open terminal, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, navigate to the folder where the file was downloaded, and run the command(s) below:

For 64bit

sudo dpkg -i couchbase-server-enterprise_x86_64_2.1.0.deb

For 32bit

sudo dpkg -i couchbase-server-enterprise_x86_2.1.0.deb

For instructions, see the Couchbase docs, or the Manual


1) try this command

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.background active true

2) run nautilus

nautilus -n


Does anybody know what happens to money spent in the Ubuntu One Music Store?

If you open Rythmbox and go to the Ubuntu One Store, it states the following:

  The Ubuntu One Music Store is a service from Canonical, the commercial sponsor of Ubuntu. The technology partner for the music store is 7digital, a UK-based company with a long history in the digital music industry.

And from Wikipedia:

  Further criticism concerns the choice of the patented mp3 format for the music of the Ubuntu One Music Store and the unclear revenue share that will be granted to the community.

This was all I could find. I haven't heard anything about any revenue sharing, to be honest.


Ignoring java compilation and version control folders in Ubuntu One

You do not need to specify .*/ as a prefix to directory names. If you want to ignore directories named classes for example, then simply use \Aclasses\Z as the expression. You also cannot ignore explicit paths, as only the base name of the path will be compared to the expression. Thus if you want to ignore ~/Ubuntu One/some/folder you will have to only ignore \Afolder\Z, which will ignore anything in Ubuntu One, with the name of folder.


ubuntu 20.10, Gnome wayland, apps don't scale

Concerning Firefox:
You need to set the environment variable MOZ_ENABLE_WAYLAND=1.
You can do this in two ways:

into your terminal type export MOZ_ENABLE_WAYLAND=1
edit the file /etc/environment and add the line MOZ_ENABLE_WAYLAND=1

Learn more about environment variables here.
Concerning other applications: (Not 100% sure this is the correct explanation!)
They are probably made for X11 and won't work perfectly under wayland. Either you need to find a version of the program made for Wayland or hope for better X11 support under Wayland in the future.


Cannot update linux kernel from 2.6.38.3+ to 3.2.0

I'm the person who asking this question. I found the answer which post the link below.

I am running Ubuntu on my CR48 how do I install a new kernel?

Or If you have another answer, please post it and discuss together. Thanks!


Storage seems to be filling up by itself in 14.04

Should use baobab (disk usage analyzer) to check out what's taking up all the space, it does nice visual representations of folders & their relative sizes too. May have to run as root (sudo) in case there are lots of files hidden from your user.

But sometimes web browsers could eat up space with their profiles or caches, or downloaded .deb files might be kept in /var/cache/apt/archives/ (an apt-get clean should clear them, or use rm yourself)


As far as I know Windows 8 does not really shutdown, but uses some kind of hibernation (fastboot) by default (even if you think you have shut down windows properly).

Ubuntu is detecting this hibernation file created by fastboot and therefore refuses to mount the windows partition writeable - with good reason. Otherwise you could do changes on this partition which Windows would not detect.

From my point of view there are two solutions:

Disable fastboot in windows: How to enable / disable fast startup in Windows 10? or How to disable or enable Fast Startup in Windows 10
use the windows partition readonly (that is not writable) in Ubuntu: there you need to adjust the config file /etc/fstab and add the parameter ro for this partition. Further reading: How do I correctly mount a NTFS partition in /etc/fstab?

I clearly recommend to disable fastboot, especially if you have not modified /etc/fstab before.


Is service status command continuously monitoring the status?

watch should work with systemctl, coloring enabled:
watch -c "sudo SYSTEMD_COLORS=1 systemctl status td-agent"

Source: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/555179/15012


Run more than one endless loop script from /etc/rc.local

Don't use cd it's redundant. Use full path like node /home/pi/steamidle/lostkiko1.js & Also , your last script should also  end with & , because shell keeps waiting for your rc.local to exit, so it blocks other processes.


How do I create an Ubuntu partition on my hard drive?

I also did what  Nick Weinberg was mentioning. It just worked fine for me and able to partition 4TB disk using Gparted application from installer DVD.

OS: Live Mint 17.3 ROSA


On 18.04 LTS with Gedit 3.28.1 this option was named as "Display overview map", was controlled by corresponding GSettings/Dconf setting:
gsettings set org.gnome.gedit.preferences.editor display-overview-map true

but in 20.04 LTS this option does not exist on source-code level.
This was indicated in commit from 2019-11-19 with main idea to "simplify the gedit code".
So this functionality was removed by upstream.

You may want to find a workaround in the bugreport at GNOME GitLab - install user-defined plugin:
sudo apt-get install git
mkdir -p ~/.local/share/gedit/plugins/
cd ~/.local/share/gedit/plugins/
git clone https://github.com/johnfactotum/gedit-restore-minimap.git restore-minimap

Then open Gedit Preferences, go to Plugins, and check Restore Minimap checkbox.


How to turn off Thunderbird message "Thunderbird now has calendaring functionality..."

Go to edit-->preferences-->Config Editor and set  mail.biff.show_balloon to zero. This one disable all the popups.


Ubuntu stuck on login screen and it goes black

Sounds like it's not reading your keyboard or mouse. If you can't even bring up the first TTY with Ctrl+Alt+F1 then it sounds like your inputs are not being picked up at all.

What kind of keyboard/mouse are you using? Standard USB/PS2 or bluetooth/wireless?


Default installation prefix QT5 / QT5 Widgets Ubuntu

For linux,

Download and install qt5 from their website

then change the CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH by

$ CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="{Path of gcc_64 under recently installed qt folder, example: $HOME/qt5/5.7/gcc_64}"


How to handle multiple parameters from a user's selection in a checklist menu?

You can use --output-fd 1 to send output to stdout and then capture it as normal.

answer=$(dialog --checklist "Choose what you want to install:" 0 0 0  1 mysql on 2 java on  3 git off --output-fd 1)


Why nvidia-smi displays only 127MB memory out of 512MB available?

The nvidia-smi and nvidia-settings tools report memory in different ways.  For nvidia-settings the total reported memory includes the system memory that the GPU can use, as Lucio mentions.  For nvidia-smi only memory on the GPU is reported.  Both of these tools are working as expected.


I've done this with external HDDs using Ubuntu 16.04, 14.04 and 12.04, I'm assuming that is what you're attempting. I recommend using these as a base to troubleshoot from, then if needed remount the drive.

I start with Gparted to identify the device, usually its /dev/sdb1 or similar.

Then I find the device, there is a drop down in the top right (at the moment) to change between devices. Once you have located your USB device select it.

I like to use EXT4 format. To do so:

1 - select the HDD (usually sdb1 or similar) note the path for later use

2 - Right Click and choose Format

3 - Select EXT4 (or whatever format you like)

4 - Click on the Green Checkmark to apply the changes

5 - Label the device by Right Click and choose Label, I stick with EXT-HDD for my external HDD

6 - Click on the Green Checkmark again to apply the label

Here's where it gets a little confusing, and may be entirely based on the brand of HDDs I used, but skipping this step caused me issues.
7 - After you have saved the changes, disconnect the EXT-HDD

8 - Leave it disconnected and shutdown (NOT REBOOT) your PC

9 - plug the EXT-HDD back into the same USB port

10 - turn the PC back on

11 - get to the desktop and open up a terminal and become root

12 - Identify the Devices UUID with this command and the path you noted from step 1:

blkid /dev/sdb1

13 - Note the UUID for the device

14 - Create the mount point you want with this command:

mkdir /mnt/exthdd

(or similar depending on where you want it mounted and pointing to) Note that mount point for later use

15 - open and edit fstab via terminal to look give it mount point and permissions

nano /etc/fstab

add the line (use tab between values):

UUID=<enter your devices UUID>     /mnt/exthdd     ext4     auto     0     0

16 - save changes to fstab

17 - give permissions to the created mount point

chmod 777 /mnt/exthdd

Exit terminal and reboot.

At this point your PC should boot fine and have a new mount point. Any issues start over and double check everything. There have been devices I can get mounted on the first try, and for some reason others take a few tries, so don't loose heart. To ensure it mounted, there should be no errors during boot also go to that mount point in your files and see what the size of the volume is, it should be about the size of your USB device.

Good Luck and Enjoy!


How to fix OpenVPN error when using network-manager-openvpn-gnome?

Please check your log file for the error message. I had a similar error message when trying to run 'openvpn' from the command line. However when reading the log file the error seemed related to not being able to find the certificates.

In this case I moved my files to the 'Documents' folder, re-imported the file through the Network Manager and then it worked as expected.


How do I get Ubuntu to recognize my nvidia graphics card?

Ok, as you haven't mentioned in your question that you have optimus enabled laptop and as per the interaction with other users it is clear that you are into a mess. A fresh install is required, Let me explain it to you.

optimus isn't supported by nvdia drivers in linux. So if you install nvidia drivers from any repo. You won't be able to boot into GUI. The linux driver page of nvidia has a warning like The driver won't work with few models (few means optimus enabled graphics cards)

So there is some unofficial work to get the power save feature at least (i.e. to turn off the discrete GPU). The first success was by mj-casalogic.(I don't know his name) His first project named as bumblebee then he updated it and renamed it ironhide.

However ironhide wasn't well designed and it has lot of problems. It is now abandoned project.

Bumblebee 3.0 was a fork of original bumblebee project. It has more stability and whole code was re written a C. Now a daemon runs from the startup. Disable the discrete GPU automatically and use it only when required. But this is not compatible with ironhide or earlier bumblebee. You have to do a lot of things to get this working. Its easier to reinstall ubuntu.

After clean installation of ubuntu, do the following

Instruction for installing Bumblebee to turn off  discrete  GPU and enable only when required

Type the following in terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
sudo apt-get update

To install Bumblebee using the proprietary nvidia driver:

For 12.04 - 13.04

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia virtualgl linux-headers-generic

And for 13.10:

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus linux-headers-generic

Reboot.

If you just want to disable nvidia card, no need to learn followings

Usage Instruction :

To run a program with nvidia card, use optirun command prefixed in terminal.
Like to run glxspheres with nvidia card type

optirun glxspheres

To run firefox type : optirun firefox &

To get the graphics card model, install mesa-utils .Remember the graphics card model won't be nvidia one. It will be intel, because in nvidia optimus the nvidia card isn't exposed directly. Nvidia card is wired via the intel one

Linked Questions:

How well will Nvidia Optimus cards be supported in 12.04?

Is a NVIDIA GeForce with Optimus Technology supported by Ubuntu?

Can't use nvidia card/driver on optimus notebook


I managed to find out what's happening, at least for me. It would try to write to /var/lib/misc/, which I had to move into RAM.

You shouldn't need to ever move /etc, /usr or /bin into RAM

NOTE: Also make sure you have the resolvconf package installed.


Keys are not working properly in ubuntu 14.04, long key press only working

I fixed the issue. Somehow the Slow Keys option from System Settings → Universal Access → Typing was on. Thanks to this question's accepted answer.


Kmix Muting Sound, Choosing Wrong Device, Crashing

OP posted:

  Per this bug report at Fedora, I edited /etc/pulse/daemon.conf to change "flat-volumes = no" to "flat-volumes = yes". I then logged off and back on and the audio mutes were gone.


As far as I know, there is no Metro UI shell developed for Ubuntu.

However, there is a Windows 8 GTK theme on Gnome Look.

Sorry for off-topic answer but Windows can be made to look like Ubuntu -


Ubuntu 20.04.1 installer gets stuck at update and other software

Solved by adding pci=nomsi in boot parameters.


Is juju "relation-get" command works in "relation-broken" hook?

No, you can't read or write relation settings in a *-relation-broken hook. You can relation-get and relation-set in *-relation-joined and *-relation-changed. You can relation-get but NOT relation-set in *-relation-departed. And in *-relation-broken you can do neither.

More info on relations here: https://jujucharms.com/docs/stable/authors-relations-in-depth


It looks like postfix is failing.  I don't know your setup or postfix.
You could remove postfix, then install nautilus, then install postfix again (or attempt to).


How to use apt-get to install packages without one specify package?

You can do

list=$(apt-cache --names-only search ^k3b-* | awk '{ print $1 }' | \
    grep -v bad-pkg)
sudo apt-get install $list


Why applications cannot show their tray icons on the taskbar?

I don't know the exactly inside reason of this problem. However I open the Panel Preference GUI window. And I Restore the setting as "Xubuntu Bionic", then the tray icons show properly.

May be the majority of problems of the panel and task bar can be solved by restore to default setting.


How can I get back the Sound-Menu integration for music players in Gnome classic?

By default in 11.10, gnome-classic uses the standard Gnome-Applets.  Unity and Unity-2D uses the indicator-applet.

Note - in 12.04, the indicator-applet is installed by default when installing gnome-classic.

You should install the indicator-applet as per the linked Q&A - the same sound indicator should then be available for you to use.


Ubuntu 20.04 Dual Boot Overheating in Dell Inspiron 5402

I'm using an NVIDIA MX330 graphics card. I think that's the root of the problem.
The first time my computer turned on, I immediately went to NVIDIA X Server Settings (pre installed upon initial boot) in my apps and changed the PRIME Profiles to Intel (Power Saving Mode). Note that I did not attempt any updates or anything at this point. I only turned on Power Saving Mode.
After that, I restarted the computer and did an update then upgrade command:
sudo apt update; sudo apt upgrade
It had a temperature of 60°C. I restarted the computer again and it would usually be at around 40°C when idle. 60°C when I'm doing something intensive like watching YouTube videos while I code.
I'm too afraid to use the NVIDIA GPU for now. I will probably wait for someone to confirm that Ubuntu 20.04 works well with this laptop or GPU before I try using it again.


Try this file from WineHQ and run it as root or with the sudo command

Download the dependency build file from here.
Copy and paste it into a gedit and save it with a .sh extension
Open terminal and run it as root i.e:

sudo sh filename.sh


curl: (60) SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate

Becase curl is unable to verify the certificate provided by the server.

There are two way to bypass:

1.add -k option which allows curl to make insecure connections, which does not verify the certificate.

2.add root curl ca (download here) to /etc/ssl/certs/nodesource-ca.crt


PHP7.3 upgrade from php5.6 and wordpress backend slow

Try enabling the OPcache by uncommenting the following line in /etc/php/7.3/fpm/php.ini, or /etc/php/7.3/apache2/php.ini depending on if you use FPM or mod_php:

;opcache.enable=1

followed by restarting Apache or php-fpm.

Even if OPcache was enabled in the previous version of PHP, it would not transfer over to 7.3 because it uses a different configuration file.


How to install downloaded jdk setup into ubuntu

Probably you should considering upgrading to Ubuntu 12.04 version. It is the latest LTS version so you will not have to upgrade it for many years. The problem is that since 11.04 is not supported anymore there are probably not any packages for this version.


Ubuntu SDK: How can I see error logs for my ubuntu touch app?

Logs for your application can be found in the ~/.cache/upstart/ folder on your device.

I'd recommend to open/cat them using a remote connection (with phablet-shell)


segmentation fault and xlib when starting hugin

I found out myself what the problem was:

it's about the nvidia graphic card:

in the bios on my lenovo thinkpad w520 i can choose between 3 options to use the graphic card. now the problem was that the option: optimus was choosed, and ubuntu couldn't handle it right. so i disabled the optimus option, and now at least hugin works finde. and of course all 3D effects are wonderful now!


You must have inadvertently pressed Shift+Ctrl+I. Press it again to switch it off. I had something similar, but with "Activity in Monitored Session", which pops up whenever you press a key. It can be toggled with Shift+Ctrl+A.  Alternetively, you can use the View menu entry in Konsole. See the page Konsole Command Reference for more details.


Canon's .CR3 - No Raw Editor on Ubuntu supports?

There is no editor with cr3 support at the moment. You have to wait for some updates.
In the meantime you have to use the Canon DPP.


install RStudio on Ubuntu 18.04 - 32 bit

I have tested the following method on 32-bit Ubuntu 18.04 LTS:

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://download1.rstudio.org/rstudio-0.97.551-i386.deb
sudo apt install ./rstudio-0.97.551-i386.deb
rstudio

It really does not start and shows the following error message:

$ rstudio
rstudio: error while loading shared libraries: libgstapp-0.10.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

and the mentioned file was available only for previous Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

So we need to install it manually by downloading two packages:

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gstreamer0.10/libgstreamer0.10-0_0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1_i386.deb
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gst-plugins-base0.10/libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0_0.10.36-2ubuntu0.2_i386.deb
sudo apt install ./libgstreamer*.deb

And then it will complain about missed libpng12. I suppose that it is a bad idea to install it manually.

But we can use newer version of RStudio as follows:

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://download1.rstudio.org/rstudio-1.1.463-i386.deb
sudo apt install ./rstudio-1.1.463-i386.deb

and use it without problems:


How do I install Ubuntu onto a 32gb USB drive in legacy mode?

To determine if your motherboard is set to boot in legacy mode, you will have to go into your motherboard's UEFI/BIOS settings and see.  Usually, you can hold down the DEL key during bootup to make this happen.

However, as someone who's tried to do this before, it probably won't work, or your performance on the USB drive will be very poor. :(  It could install fine, but you might encounter random freezes/hangups when you're running ubuntu.


How to configure pam_mkhomedir to create home directories with 0750 instead of 0777 permissions?

Changing the umask parameter of pam_mkhomedir to 0027 was the solution.

From man pam_mkhomedir:

umask=mask
   The user file-creation mask is set to mask. The default value of
   mask is 0022.


How do I switch back to LightDM from GDM3 in Ubuntu Mate 18.10

The simpliest solution would be to remove GDM3 completely with

sudo apt-get purge gdm3
sudo apt-get autoremove

and then reboot.

To remove Solaar you can use

sudo apt-get purge solaar solaar-gnome3

To remove Ubuntu on Wayland from LightDM use the commands below:

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-session xwayland

also you can remove other GNOME parts with

sudo apt-get purge gnome-session-bin gnome-settings-daemon
sudo apt-get autoremove

and reboot.


At the end, it was this issue here.

I solved it by this solution mentioned there:

  I think I may have solved the issue. Upon examining
  /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf, I noticed that it no longer had the
  following line.

  options snd-hda-intel model=auto

  I re-added this line, saved, rebooted, and everything seems to be
  working now.


Hard disk not visible on dual boot system after reinstalling GRUB

I advise you to install Boot repair

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


Ubuntu 12.10 64bit fresh install, wireless issue!

@chili555

I run this one using wired:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe wl

and after a restart the wifi additional driver is actived and working

If my wifi will disconnect again I'll let you know.


How to get Native instruments audio 6 to work in ubuntu 14.04

Problem solved... it was just a faulty usb port (actually usb 2.0 being dsiabled on bios) causing the trouble.

Using a good usb 2.0 port the soundcard works off the bat, with just the asoundrc file.

This card seems to not have any volume controls in alsa mixer just the channel maps which are fixed and cannot be modified.


If this old PC supports booting from USB, this is the best way to do it. I'd rather not use WUBI, for it is known to contain lots of bugs.

The Ubuntu Website describes how to create a bootable USB stick on Windows. If you've finished creating it, see whether this old computer supports USB Legacy Emulation (have a look in BIOS Setup) or is able to boot from stick natively.

If you are able to boot this Live System, you should get a screen like this:

or this:

Now select Try Ubuntu and wait until you get to the desktop. You can play a bit to see whether you like it or not and can click Install on the desktop to install Ubuntu. The installation offers you to replace XP, to install it alongside XP or to configure everything yourself. From your question I guess that you'd like to replace XP. So select it and let the installation Wizard do the rest.

With your PC configuration I'd recommend to get Lubuntu or Xubuntu, which use LXDE or XFCE as desktop environments. Those to environments are designed to be more resource-friendly. I doubt your PC would be able to handle Unity or Gnome, the environments used in default Ubuntu.

If you can't boot from USB, you nearly have to use WUBI (although it's not recommended), as long as you don't want to set up a DHCP/tFTP server and try PXE (network booting)...

Hope this can help you.


xcrysden 1.5.53: unable to resolve host address `prdownloads.sourceforge.net'

Your probably took the least easiest to install download (the bare source code version).

It is always best to use the debian installer file if it is available since that installer is created for Debian and Ubuntu and will pick up dependencies itself from the software center.

1.5.53-1 (=14.04; Trusty and the same for 14.10; Utopic) can be downloaded from the packages page. That should be the same version as you want to install.
There is a newer version too 1.5.60 (=15.04; Vivid).

You can use Ubuntu Software Center to install this.

They also have pre-compiled version. That one is easier to install:

  unpack the xc-VERSION.tar.gz package file
       e.g., as: tar zxvf xc-VERSION.tar.gz
             or: gunzip -c xc-VERSION.tar.gz | tar xvf -
  cd into the so-created directory (i.e., cd xcrysden-VERSION/)
  launch the program as "./xcrysden"

All the other ones need compiling. If there is no need for you to use a compiled version the 2 methods above should suffice to get this installed.

Next to that they also provide a version with TCL/TK/MESA included and one standalone source code versions. These error out on me when installing with the same message as yours so the installation script seems faulty. Drop a comment on their mailinglist if you want to get this fixed.


Some importants shorcuts of Blender do not work on Ubuntu

Sorry this seems to be coming a bit late, I've only just seen your question.

To allow Alt+RMB, the best option is to switch the Alt key to the Super (Windows) key using dconf-tools.

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Under System Tools, you should now have dconf-editor.  If not, just enter:

dconf-editor

in a terminal.

Open org -> gnome -> desktop -> wm and choose Preferences.

Look for mouse-button-modifer in the list.  It will be set to , click on that to edit it and type:

<Super>

Press Enter to set the value.  You don't need to "save" it.  Just close the editor.

That will allow you to use Alt+RMB in Blender.

Unfortunately, this will disable the Alt part of the Ctrl+Alt+0 to align the camera to the current view :-)

To fix that, change the setting in Blender:

File -> User Preferences -> Input -> 3D View -> 3D View (Global)

Towards the bottom of the list, you'll see Align Camera To View, with it's default of Ctrl Alt Numpad 0.  Click on that and it will ask you for a new key combination.  I use the Super (Windows) key instead of Alt for this now, so just press Ctrl + Super + Numpad 0 to set that.  Note that this will show as "Ctrl Cmd Numpad 0"

For your last problem, I'm not sure why you're having issues with the subsurf shortcuts.  It's never been an issue for me, so I'm not sure what to advise.  You could try the Blender input settings.  They're under the same User Preferences -> Input tab, but they're listed in two places.  You'll probably need to update them under both 3D View -> Object Mode and 3D View -> Mesh.


Trying to boot from USB, but the screen stays on gnu grub version 2.02

Insert the USB flash drive into a USB port. Power on the computer, hit the (typically) F12 key (or other key called out on the splash screen) to reach the Boot Menu. This occurs before you see the GRUB screen. Select USB from that menu and if you've built a bootable USB flash drive, it'll boot up. Then at the GRUB menu, choose Try Ubuntu.


Forgot to add --purge to autoremove. Will there be any residues?

You have to run it again by
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge

and also check the packages with residual configuration files and remove them by
sudo apt-get purge $(dpkg -l | grep ^rc | awk '{print $2}')

For details see man apt-get, man dpkg and man dpkg-query.


Disable client side decorations in Nautilus (Gnome 3.10)

Use this command to change the desktop environment:

sudo env XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=UNITY nautilus

To make it permanent, just copy the file with:

sudo cp /usr/share/applications/nautilus.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/

for copying /usr/share/applications/nautilus.desktop to ~/.local/share/applications/

Then run gksudo nautilus where gksudo because you run GUI app.
Or,

cd ~/.local/share/applications/ && gksudo nautilus .

where dot will point nautilus to directory. Or even:

gksudo nautilus ~/.local/share/applications/nautilus.desktop

And change the lines:

  Exec=nautilus --new-window

To:

  Exec=env XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=UNITY nautilus --new-window

Save file and enjoy your Unity.


Where is my Win 8.1? Installing dual boot of Win 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS on ASUS Vivobook S400CA

Edit I'm re-writing this answer to match the edited question Edit
This issue is caused by UEFI Boot. The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) (pronounced as an initialism U-E-F-I or like "unify" without the n)[a] is a specification that defines a software interface between an operating system and platform firmware. UEFI is meant to replace the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) firmware interface, originally present in all IBM PC-compatible personal computers. In practice, most UEFI firmware images provide legacy support for BIOS services. UEFI can support remote diagnostics and repair of computers, even without another operating system

Education out of the way, the steps to work around this issue are long, but not overly painful. Due to their length, I am going to very briefly summarize them here:

1) Backup Windows
2) Create your Installation Media
3) Shrink your windows partition
4) Turn off Secure Boot
5) Install Ubuntu

The guide has a lot of instructions here that I didn't need the last time Installed. So before I give you the link to follow, here's my caveat: If the installer gives you the option of installing alongside Windows, use that instead of this guide. If you still don't see it, then follow the guide.
All that said, here is the link: http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2014/05/install-ubuntu-1404-alongside-windows.html
I also recommend logging into the Ubuntu IRC channel during the install. If you have any questions, you can connect right with the community rather than having to wait for replies here. Should they walk you through different steps, please let us know what worked for you so that we can clean up this question.

~ Geary


Please have a look at  this thread, especially my answer. Could this be your issue? It started about 24 hours ago.


bash: proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_foward no such file or directory found

You need to start from the root: /
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_foward

Let me add that what you are trying to accomplish would be more practical with:
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

With this command you don't need to be root, and you can just use sudo.
Remember that ether way these are not persistent.
Check this Answer as well.


Why does the 'r' command change keyboard layout to US? - Ubuntu GNOME

Probably the effect of these two bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/indicator-keyboard/+bug/1240198 and https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-settings-daemon/+bug/1246272.

It is (still!) not fixed. There are a couple of workarounds: Keyboard layout switches to English each time I reboot and Keyboard keeps defaulting to wrong layout you can try.

Quoting the proposed workaround, from Martin Jurča:

  open terminal
  run ibus-setup
  open the Advanced  settings (the last tab)
  check the "use system keyboard layout" checkbox


What command line text editor can give me windows key navigation & use?

It doesn't match all your list, but ne (http://ne.di.unimi.it/) is the closest out of the box. Maybe it can be configured to do everything you want. You will probably have to venture into termcap or your terminal emulator options to get eg. Windows key supported.


Okay so I found the answer, thanks for all those that helped:

Type

ls /dev/video*

Now the video devices should be listed.

If there are any, you'll need to find the drivers if they exist.
Then type:

lsusb

At this point install and open Cheese to check if it works it should out of the box

here's where I found the answer: How to install a Logitech webcam?


Cant login after updates to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

I just had same, or similar problem.  I installed Ubuntu 14.04 LTS last week, and this morning, I accepted a bunch of updates.  It was a lot of updates, apparently, because it took quite a while.  I was instructed to restart the computer, and after I did so, I couldn't log on to the desktop.

I began searching for answers, and found this page.  After following advice above, to search for the answer at Ubuntu gets stuck in a login loop.  After logging in at a prompt using Ctrl+Alt+F[1-6], I saw that my .Xauthority didn't belong to root, but belonged to my username.  However, I noticed that "." belonged to root.

I entered chown username:username . and my problem was solved.


Python app crash after sending command "GPIO.setup( 7, GPIO.OUT)"?

Try unloading the gpio kernel module:

sudo rmmod w1-gpio


How can I create a live USB with persistant storage that will run on a Macbook Air without using rEFIt?

Apparently, the following answer seemed to help: How to create UEFI-only bootable USB live media?
There is a good chance that it will work fine for your Mac too.


What are the differences between the versions on lubuntu download page?

The Lubuntu web site (https://lubuntu.me/downloads/) has available

Desktop 64-bit (amd64)
Desktop 32-bit (x86 also called i386)
Desktop Alternate (x86 & amd64)
Raspberry Pi (model 2 & 3)

Available firstly is the current Lubuntu 18.04 LTS using LXDE desktop, or legacy Lubuntu. The standard (32-bit & 64-bit) desktop use the standard Ubuntu ubiquity installer, the alternate installer uses debian-installer.

The ubiquity installer runs on a 'live' system, which requires ~700MB just for the live PLUS the memory required for the installer (so total is ~1gb)

The alternate installer has NO live system, thus is useful for machines with <700MB of ram.  Note: The alternate installer was last created for 18.04 (not later 18.04.1-18.04.3) so will require loads of updates post or during install. Live installers are available with 18.04.3 (currently the latest).

The original 18.04 & 18.04.1 do not include HWE kernel (hardware enablement stack - see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack), the 18.04.2 & 18.04.3 have HWE enabled turned on, meaning later kernel & software stacks useful for more modern hardware.

Modern Lubuntu 19.10 uses the LXQt desktop and is only available in amd64 (or x86_64).  It's called amd64 because AMD created the 64-bit architecture used by both AMD and INTEL (Intel's competing IA64 failed in the marketplace due to lack of backward compatibility)

Also available is the Raspberry Pi 2 & 3.

I don't see PowerPC - were you looking at the Official Lubuntu web site?   If you're unsure, don't use google (it could send you to a 'fan' site), but use ubuntu.com where https://ubuntu.com/download/flavours will go to official sites for different flavors.

The x86 (32-bit), amd64 (x86_64), armv(7 & 8), arm64, s390, powerpc, ppc64el are different architectures.  Most PCs are amd64 today; powerpc is EOL being replaced by ppc64el (ppc 64-bit) which is incompatible

Lubuntu 18.04 LTS choice (Notes)

It's a LTS or long-term-support release, supported until 2021-April (3 years from release in 2018-April)
LXDE is light & fast, but uses old GTK+2 which most modern applications haven't used in years, so some of lightness maybe lost when apps are added
traditional desktop known & loved by many users
LXDE is mostly abandoned, or on life-support, few updates
will likely require re-install to move to modern Lubuntu with LXQt (currently unsupported upgrade, this may change but I suspect not)
x86 and amd64 support  (ie. 32-bit)

Lubuntu 19.10 choice (Notes)

a short term release, supported until 2020-July only
has upgrade path to Lubuntu 20.04 LTS
now amd64 only  (no 32-bit x86/i386)
is very light; I tested 18.10 & 19.04 on x86 laptops with only 1GB of RAM & was happy
has manual available http://manual.lubuntu.me/
more modern LXQt desktop
Some members of the Lubuntu team are more interested in LXQt & supporting it (rather subjective opinion)
uses modern Qt5 framework, so does mean KDE or Qt apps will be lighter; alas modern GTK+3 apps won't be as light, but they weren't always real light on LXDE with it's GTK+2 desktop anyway
better modern GTK3 & Qt theme support


Try passwd -x 1. From man passwd:

   -x, --maxdays MAX_DAYS
       Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid. After
       MAX_DAYS, the password is required to be changed.

This does not, of course, prevent your colleage from setting a password of their own choice, or using SSH keys to login.

You could also try usermod -e. From man usermod:

   -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
       The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is
       specified in the format YYYY-MM-DD.

All of this is moot since you are giving the root password. The colleague can always undo whatever measure you put up.

It would be best if you give the user exactly as much privilege as they require, using sudo.


How to configure Apache 2 to run PHP 7.0

I used this link to reinstall php on ubuntu and all the required php modules.

http://tecadmin.net/install-php-7-0-apache-2-4-mysql-5-6-on-ubuntu/

But to help you, try these -

sudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif
sudo a2enconf php7.0-fpm
service apache2 reload

Last one is just to restart apache server.


Headset appearing as only input, tried so many things to fix and out of ideas. ubuntu 14.04

Turns out I needed to play around with the USB port while force reloading alsa with

$ sudo alsa force-reboot

It didn't work at first which led me to searching for other solutions and wasting a bunch of hours of time. Hope this helps people in my predicament in the future


Type uuencode /path/filename.txt | sendmail -s "subject" user@domain in your terminal to send mail.

Replace "path" with the actual directory path in which the file to attach is located.
Replace "filename.ext" with the actual file name and extension.
Replace "subject" with the subject line you want the email to have.
Replace "user@domain" with the recipient's email address.

this is the actual process to send mail with attachment.

add  uuencode /path/filename.txt before sendmail command in your script. I mean modify it as

mailalert(){
uuencode /path/filename.txt
sendmail -F Sender-Name -it <<END_MESSAGE
To: Recipient@example.com
Subject: Subject

Message
END_MESSAGE
}

hope that can help you.


I mean no offence but... Did you try restarting your system?
(Also, the two topics are about screen freezing AFTER login, you didn't mention login before your screen froze.)


evolution: sending e-mail from gmail system account

Adjust Settings for receiving and Sending Gmail mail in following way :

---Receiving(POP) Mail-------

  Server Type: POP Server: pop.gmail.com:995 Username:
  sucharitha.mahawela@gmail.com Use Secure Connection: SSL
  encryption Authentication: Password Authentication

---Sending(smtp) Mail---------

  Server: smtp.gmail.com:587 Server requires authentication:
  Checked Security: TLS encryption Authentication: Plain or
  Login Username: sucharitha.mahawela@gmail.com


You can add the credentials when mounting a SMB share.

For example:

  mount.cifs -o user=test,password=secret //192.168.123.123/Data /mnt


Use the vmware instructions.See image below in case you missed or dismissed it. Extract the vmwaretoolsXXXX.tar.gz to your desktop for example and execute the vmware-install.pl in there. You will need sudo rights.


Edit /etc/default/mediatomb then restart server.


You can upgrade your machine by opening a terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) and entering the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

This will attempt to upgrade all the packages that weren't upgraded previously.

When you run sudo apt-get upgrade again and if it tells
0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0  not upgraded, then you can be sure that your system is up-to date.


Script to Create Custom XML Entries for x-wallpapers.xml

XML Format Filenames in Folder via Bash Script

You can accomplish this easily with a bash script. This will output all the xml you need so you can copy/paste it into artful-wallpapers.xml.

This script will take all filenames in current folder and format it into the XML from your question. You can easily modify it to fit your needs.

The BASH Script

#!/bin/bash
shopt -s nullglob
arr=(*)

for i in "${arr[@]}"
do
if [ "$i" != "makeXML" -a ! -d "$i" ]
then
   echo "<wallpaper>
 <name>$i</name>
 <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/$i</filename>
 <options>zoom</options>
 <pcolor>#000000</pcolor>
 <scolor>#000000</scolor>
 <shade_type>solid</shade_type>
</wallpaper>
"
fi
done

How to use it

Create a folder in your home folder called 'wallpapers' and put all the images you want to use in this folder.

Place above script in a plain-text file called makeXML inside the folder with your photos (~/wallpapers). Run from the terminal:

$ cd ~/wallpapers
$ bash makeXML

Paste the output on the screen into your x-wallpapers.xml file inside the wallpapers tag.

Finally move all the images from ~/wallpapers to /usr/share/backgrounds and delete the wallpapers folder.


Impossible installing Ubuntu 13.04 in UEFI mode with Windows 8 preinstalled

I tried the Ubuntu Studio as well as Ubuntu - both fail to start in UEFI mode using the Live DVD image.

One of the workarounds (I haven't done this yet myself) is to install Ubuntu in BIOS mode using a separate dedicated boot partition on your GPT partitioned disk, not update any packages during installation or thereafter until you have replaced grub and installing grub onto your /boot partition, not onto MBR (e.g., not on /dev/sda, but on /dev/sda5 if /dev/sda5 is your /boot).  Then boot again from the Live DVD and in the Live DVD run, install grub-efi replacing grub-pc.  Then mount your installed Ubuntu's /boot onto the Live DVD's /boot: sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/sdaX /boot where /dev/sdaX is the installed Ubuntu's boot partition, e.g., sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/sda5 /boot - this assumes you have formatted /boot using ext4.  Then install your UEFI System partition (ESP) onto /boot/efi, like so: sudo mkdir -p /boot/efi/ && sudo mount -t vfat /dev/sdaY /boot/efi/, e.g., sudo mkdir -p /boot/efi/ && sudo mount -t vfat /dev/sda2/ /boot/efi.  Here it is assumed your /dev/sdaY was created by Windows 8 installation and uses the FAT32 filesystem.  After this, install grub again: sudo grub-install.  That I hope will place grub onto your /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/ directory.  You may have to create a text file in your installed Linux's  /boot partition containing some details for grub to find your / partition, named refind_linux.conf and containing:

"Boot using standard options" "root=UUID=17c62fb9-a67a-4bae-97d7-3b71e5d3c8ce ro   quiet splash $vt_handoff"
"Boot using minimal options"  "root=UUID=17c62fb9-a67a-4bae-97d7-3b71e5d3c8ce ro"
"Boot using recovery options" "root=UUID=17c62fb9-a67a-4bae-97d7-3b71e5d3c8ce ro recovery nomodeset"

Please refer http://www.rodsbooks.com/ubuntu-efi/ for more details on refind_linux.conf.  Please find UUID for your / partition using blkid and replace appropriately.

Once this much is done, install rEFInd (http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html) and then reboot in UEFI mode, choosing rEFInd from your motherboard boot selection menu if needed.  rEFInd should give you the option to boot your grubx64 image and that in turn should boot the Linux.  I choose the manual install using Windows method mentioned on the page at link in this para.

rEFInd should boot your BIOS grub if you did not choose to replace it with grub-efi as well, but it did not work in my case (Ubuntu kernel would immediately panic after booting up, perhaps due to some quirk to do with my mainboard, a DH55TC (Intel) or with Ubuntu or with some hardware on my machine (wifi card I think), I don't know).

Also, the manner I've highlighted above doesn't mount your / partition from the installed Ubuntu when you run the live DVD.  I don't know if this can materially affect the Ubuntu EFI's booting up of your installed Ubuntu.

I've to play with this myself, haven't done so yet.

But, ideally, I don't even want to go down this route.  I hate the fact that Ubuntu is not able to boot up in UEFI mode from the Live DVD.  I would rather install in UEFI mode directly instead of having to do the above, even if the above works (it is untested and might result in problems which I've not foreseen).

So, I'd suggest you try doing the same, perhaps by trying to install Ubuntu via flash drive in UEFI mode and see if Ubuntu is able to cleanly boot/install in UEFI mode then.

Or, switch to a distribution which can do this without having to resort to any fixes later; when I was browsing the web yesterday, I came across a reference which suggested OpenSuse does that cleanly (install in UEFI mode).

Edit: I have done the above myself now, see details below
I have now tried certain steps and can outline what works for me.

Install Windows 8 in UEFI mode.  My BIOS does NOT have secure boot, but I wanted to install Windows 8 in UEFI mode anyway and wanted to do away with MBR mode.  Since Windows 8 works with GPT disks in UEFI mode, Windows partitioned my disk using GPT mode.  I have 4 partitions after Windows install, all created by Windows: Recovery, ESP, Microsoft Reserved and Windows main.
Install Ubuntu 13.04 in BIOS mode (since it fails to boot/install in UEFI mode).  The boot partition is a dedicated partition.  I have Linux swap and / besides /boot and those partitions are encrypted, so have to create an unencrypted /boot separately.  I install bootloader on the same partition as my /boot partition, not on the MBR, e.g., on /dev/sda5, not on /dev/sda.
After installation finishes, I reboot using UEFI mode into Windows and install rEFInd using manual installation method for Windows outlined on its website.
I reboot in BIOS mode, to Boot Repair CD.  I do NOT carry out any repair (it messed up my partitions once earlier upon detecting both /boot and efi and chose to repair my partitions such that Windows didn't boot after that.  What I do (after quitting boot repair dialog box upon boot up AND after having established an internet connection) is to drop to a terminal window and type:

sudo apt-get install grub-efi

The above may or may not complete successfully, but I have sufficient components to be able to run a grub-install.  Before running that, I mount Ubuntu's /boot partition to the running Boot Repair's /boot and then the esp to /boot/efi.  Then I run

sudo grub-install

The above may attempt to install grub on all partitions, so you are forewarned.

Anyway, as a result, I now have /boot/efi/ubuntu with grubx64.efi in it and other files needed by grub in /boot.  I also create the refind_linux.conf file in /boot as noted in my post and put the correct UUID for the installed Linux's / partition in it.

I reboot to rEFInd in UEFI mode (I no longer need to boot in BIOS mode and BIOS mode boot won't work to boot the installed Linux now).  rEFInd shows me the option to boot my Linux by way of a Penguin icon (result of scanning for Linux kernels) and by way of Ubuntu icon (the grubx64.efi that I just installed through Boot Repair disk).  I choose the grubx64.efi method (Ubuntu icon) since the other one doesn't work for me.
Whew.  We are mostly done.  Once booted into the installed Ubuntu (I installed Ubuntu Studio, not Ubuntu to be precise), before performing any package updates, I install grub-efi (since the installed Ubuntu only knows about the grub-pc until this point because I installed grub-efi externally using Boot Repair's disk, so that install is not proper or complete, it was just a hack to be able to boot to Ubuntu 13.04).
Then I mount the esp whilst running Ubuntu and modify the refind.conf to comment out the scanning option for all linux kernels, so that the Penguin icons are not shown any more (only the grubx64.efi's Ubuntu icon is shown) on the rEFInd menu.  I do not want many icons covering each individual kernel installed in Ubuntu, on rEFInd menu.

Now, when I want to boot Linux, I just boot to rEFInd menu and choose the Ubuntu icon, otherwise I choose the Windows icon.

This setup is stable for me.


How to disable all unity shortcut keys when using Blender?

Most of the keyboard shortcuts in blender can be customised. All editable shortcuts are listed in the user preferences under input.

The menu next to the search field allows you to search by name or key-binding. For Alt+RightClick search for mouse in keybinding. I doubt any mouse clicks will conflict though as they are clicks in the blender window for it to respond.

You can export the keyboard setup so that you can re-import it later or by saving user settings the same setup will be active each time you start blender.


How do I select QtCurve theme for GTK apps in KDE?

If you open the "System Settings" app, there's an icon in the top row for something like "application settings" (I think it's second or third from the left in the top row--I don't have KDE available at the moment). If you click on that icon you'll see a dialogue with a few options in the left-hand panel. One of them is to set the theme for GTK applications. You should just be able to select qtcurve from the drop-down menu in the right-hand pane under that tab.


What is the default password of the UEC image?

Thanks Tim. There is no password for 'root' or 'ubuntu' user in UEC image. So I just use the private key and ssh to UEC instance, then create a new user/password. After that I can login in VNC console to that instance.


VLC won't open - undefined symbol: pl_Get

This is because of a known bug, but should be fixed by know.

Update your system and it should run fine:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

If not you can use sudo vlc --reset-config to reset the config to it's defaults which should work too.


Create a GPT on a new volume during installation

Boot Ubuntu off the LiveCD or LiveUSB and run the Gparted tool.  Click the Device menu and then click "create partition".  You will then need to click the "advanced" widget so that you get the dropdown menu and will be able to select GPT from that.  You should then make your partitions, then install Ubuntu and use the advanced partitioner to tell Ubiquity how you would like to use them (or you can just use entire disk, as you wish).

The computer BIOS will need to be able to support GPT. If it's UEFI instead of BIOS this isn't a problem - GPT is part of the specification.


My bash aliases stopped working after a recent update.

I figured it out; it was caused by my having created a .bash_profile in following a tutorial to set up a GPG key. In the presence of a .bash_profile file, the entire .bashrc file is ignored.


Virt-Manager to Remote host - continuous password prompt over ssh

Shut down the guest machine.
In the 'Display' section, select All interfaces instead of 'Only localhost'.
Restart the guest machine


Borderlands 2 will only starts in a small window - Ubuntu 14.04 64bit

I have the exact same issue for Borderlands The Pre-Sequel with a Nvidia graphic card, same OS.

The problem actually occurs only in full screen mode, I set the game in window mode and it is fine now.

To avoid restarting your computer everytime, you can just connect to another virtual session (Ctrl + Alt + F1), kill the process and go back to the virtual session running your X server (Ctrl +Alt + F7 for me).


How to supervise a process and schedule a periodic restart?

You could use cron to do this if you want...

sudo crontab -e

* /5 * * * pkill -9 <your process name here> ; <your process name here>

Would kill and restart it every 5 hours.
More examples... Cron examples


How to easily backup home folder in ubuntu budgie 18.04

Open your Ubuntu Software

and install

Déjà Dup Backup Tool

Or if you prefer commandline

sudo apt-get install deja-dup


You can re-install plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text by running the following in a terminal:

sudo apt-get remove plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text
sudo apt-get install plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Hopefully, that should fix the issue.


Tried every way to install Chinese input but was not successful - Ubuntu 15.10

Go to language Support
go to installed language.
find chinese and select them
change input system to fcitx and apply
log out and log in
click the keyboard icon
7.click configurefcitx
click +
9.find sunpinyin
apply them and log out and back in
It should them work
5.


Issues with browsing local network 16.10 Ubuntu-Mate

This conflict with local adresses is well-known in Linux world, and caused by the fact that .local domain is reserved by Avahi demon and Avahi interferes with MS-like networks. The simplest solution could be:

Open Avahi configuration by address

/etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf

Uncomment line #domain-name in the [Server] section and set it to .alocal instead of .local:

[server]
domain-name=.alocal

Restart Avahi

sudo service avahi-daemon restart

Flush DNS cache

sudo /etc/init.d/nscd restart


Bulk email sending issue with Ubuntu 14.04 (Linode VPS)

Postfix does indeed have a limit on the number of recipients in a single message, which is specified by the smtpd_recipient_limit configuration directive. Its default value is 1000, but it can (of course) be modified in Postfix's configuration files. To obtain its current value, run

postconf | grep smtpd_recipient_limit

In this case the limit was set to 16, and so Postfix rejected messages with more than 16 recipients.


Disable forwarding should fix your problem.

Hint: only routers needs forwarding.

Another hint: enable forwarding = disabling stateless autoconfig


Cannot resume from suspend ubuntu 16.04 Gnome

From Ubuntu 16.04, Ubuntu and ATI have collaborated to develop new open source graphics drivers to replace fglrx which existed on 14.04.

It is not a hardware problem since you can perform suspend and resume operations perfectly.

It appears like a graphics driver problem.

You can file a bug report or wait till subsequent updates to the driver fixes this.


I've faced this issue several times when I've used my flash drive to install Windows and then make it bootable to install Ubuntu. In this case, all that your flash drive needs is marking it as Active. Follow instructions as below.

Go to Windows and Open command prompt as Administrator.

Now, run diskpart command which will open within command prompt.

View list of drives connected.

list disk

You should see output something like below.

Disk ###  Status         Size     Free     Dyn  Gpt
--------  -------------  -------  -------  ---  ---
Disk 0    Online          465 GB      0 B
Disk 1    Online         3820 MB      0 B

Where Disk 1 is your Flash Drive (notice it by size). Now select that disk. BE CAREFUL THAT YOU SELECT YOUR FLASH DRIVE.

select disk 1

Now list partitions that the drive has.

list partition

Output should be something like as follows (showing only single partition ideally):

Partition ###  Type              Size     Offset
-------------  ----------------  -------  -------
Partition 1    Primary           3819 MB    64 KB

Select that partition.

select partition 1

Now mark it as active.

active

You're done! run exit and close command prompt.

Now you can create it bootable again, from Ubuntu ISO and try if it boots to Live Desktop. I'd suggest you to use Universal USB Installer to do that.

Hope that helps.


DDEBS repository looking in wrong path on Zesty 1704, sources.list.d modifications not correcting path

I ended up manually pulling the package from launchpadlibrarian (a/k/a librarian.launchpad.net) and confirming the hash. Doesn't appear to be a way to override the default APT behaviour.


12.04 - sound is laggy when running games through Wine

I disabled PulseAudio by setting the environment variable WINENOPULSE=1 and Wine apps seem to work fine now.


Does the GN-WS50G-RH wireless card work in Ubuntu?

My old Dell Laptop had the Gigabyte version of this card the card was subbed out to a few smaller outfits and I believe Fujitsu also carry a version of the same chipset and from what I remember it worked OOTB with no problems.

I do remember the power usage was a bit juicy but apart from that I think (From memory) this card is fine.

I hope this helps.

NB just checked a good blog site for this card and the HP 210 ships with it. The blogger stated everything apart from the shortcut keys worked OOTB so I would suggest the answer is yes


How do I find out which program is using internet and how much?

NetHogs may help (sudo apt-get install nethogs)
Run with sudo nethogs <interface> (interface can be eth0, wlan0, etc.), and observe it for a while:

Then use htop (install if necessary) to "graphically" kill the process. You will probably get better results by telling us which process it is and then disabling it, instead of swatting it like a fly every time it pops up ;)


First check the available disks and them sizes using for example lsblk

# lsblk

NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0         7:0    0   2,3M  1 loop /snap/gnome-calculator/180
loop1         7:1    0  12,2M  1 loop /snap/gnome-characters/69
loop2         7:2    0    13M  1 loop /snap/gnome-characters/103
loop3         7:3    0  86,9M  1 loop /snap/core/4917
loop4         7:4    0  86,6M  1 loop /snap/core/4486
loop5         7:5    0   1,6M  1 loop /snap/gnome-calculator/154
loop6         7:6    0  14,5M  1 loop /snap/gnome-logs/37
loop7         7:7    0   140M  1 loop /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/59
loop8         7:8    0   3,7M  1 loop /snap/gnome-system-monitor/51
loop9         7:9    0    21M  1 loop /snap/gnome-logs/25
loop10        7:10   0   3,3M  1 loop /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36
loop11        7:11   0 140,9M  1 loop /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/70
sda           8:0    1  29,8G  0 disk
└─sda1        8:1    1  29,8G  0 part
nvme0n1     259:0    0   477G  0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0   260M  0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2    0    16M  0 part
├─nvme0n1p3 259:3    0  78,1G  0 part
├─nvme0n1p4 259:4    0   800M  0 part
└─nvme0n1p5 259:5    0 397,8G  0 part /

Next check UUID (this is universal identifier using to mount disk; device name can change if you attach another drives and reboot; UUID stays the same unless you don't format drive).

# lsblk -f

NAME        FSTYPE   LABEL    UUID                                 MOUNTPOINT
loop0       squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-calculator/180
loop1       squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-characters/69
loop2       squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-characters/103
loop3       squashfs                                               /snap/core/4917
loop4       squashfs                                               /snap/core/4486
loop5       squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-calculator/154
loop6       squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-logs/37
loop7       squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/59
loop8       squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-system-monitor/51
loop9       squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-logs/25
loop10      squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36
loop11      squashfs                                               /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/70
sda
└─sda1      ext4              61447b22-3f5c-46a8-b933-48c84c33cd9e
nvme0n1
├─nvme0n1p1 vfat     SYSTEM   30F9-EC3E                            /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2
├─nvme0n1p3
├─nvme0n1p4 ntfs     RECOVERY 0A080BEE080BD819
└─nvme0n1p5 ext4              3cbe87ad-807d-45be-9565-d8f941c17b7e /

I choose /dev/sda1 (first partition on /dev/sda drive).
First create mounting point, for example /data

sudo mkdir /data

To enable automounting parition you have to chanage /etc/fstab file.
Append the line to that file:

UUID=61447b22-3f5c-46a8-b933-48c84c33cd9e  /data  ext4  defaults  0  2

One-liner to do that:

# echo -e "UUID=61447b22-3f5c-46a8-b933-48c84c33cd9e\t/data\text4\tdefaults\t0\t2" | \
    sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

And mount the drive with command:
     sudo mount /data

One-linear details

echo -e - prints the line to stdout with changing \t to tab
UUID=... - partition unique identifier
/data - mount point of partition
ext4 - filesystem on partition - in your situation may be diffrent
defaults - mount options
`The fifth field (fs_freq).

This  field  is used by dump(8) to determine which filesystems need to
be dumped.  Defaults to zero (don't dump) if not present.
The sixth field (fs_passno).

This field is used by fsck(8) to determine the order in which
filesystem checks  are  done  at boot  time.  The root filesystem
should be specified with a fs_passno of 1.  Other filesystems
should have a fs_passno of 2.  Filesystems within a drive will be
checked  sequentially,  but filesystems on different drives will be
checked at the same time to utilize parallelism avail‐ able in the
hardware.  Defaults to zero (don't fsck) if not present.
| - Redirect standard output to standard input of next command
sudo - make privilege escalation to root
tee -a file append standard input to file


No necesita ser "root" para instalar un Snap.
sudo snap install chromium

Ingrese su contraseña cuando se le solicite y se instalará Chromium

You do not need to be "root" to install a Snap.
sudo snap install chromium

Enter your password when asked, and Chromium will be installed


On appdb, there was an entry for Civ5 with a wine 1.4

http://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=version&iId=21492&iTestingId=69848

There, the user said:

Works perfect, needed to kill pulseaudio to make sound work.

Give it a try =P


How can I stop the kde-telepathy UI from appearing under Unity when I use the messaging menu?

I figured out how to do this (Ubuntu 12.10):

Edit /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.freedesktop.Telepathy.Client.KTp.TextUi.service to comment out (or remove) the link to ktp-text-ui and use Empathy instead.

In the end, the service file will look like this:

[D-BUS Service]
Name=org.freedesktop.Telepathy.Client.KTp.TextUi
# Exec=/usr/lib/kde4/libexec/ktp-text-ui
Exec=/usr/lib/empathy/empathy-chat

After this, I figured I had to restart dbus, but doing a

sudo service dbus restart

is evidently a bad idea, since it locks up everything.

So I suppose you have to log out and log back in (or reboot, which is what I ended up having to do).


Unable to set proper routing between two networks

You should add the route to PC#3 (the one with IP address 192.168.2.101):

route add -net 10.0.0.0/13 gw 192.168.2.21

Or you can edit your network connection to automatically include a static route when the connection is established (IPv4 Settings tab -> Routes button):


Cannot find VLC web plugin while compiling VLC 2.0 from source

It has been split off from vlc & you'll have to build separately. Atm not sure where you'll get tarballs other than from debian or launchpad, Example -
https://launchpad.net/npapi-vlc

For the latest git, After downloading cd to source & run ./autogen.sh

git clone git://git.videolan.org/npapi-vlc.git

git shortlog page has snapshots if you don't want the latest, info on commits, ect
http://git.videolan.org/?p=npapi-vlc.git


Accessing files on Ubuntu installed on USB drive from other computers

If you installed Ubuntu on a flash drive then your home directory is likely using an ext2, 3 or 4 filesystem.

My understanding is that Windows and OSX do not natively read ext filesystems.
A Linux computer should be able to read your home folder no problem.

You can make the first partition on the flash drive FAT32 or NTFS and keep the data you want to access there.


I know this isn't a great answer, but it should get you started.
Go to the main lens, select applications, type in "hardware" or "device". There should still be a "device manager" syle application. See if your mouse shows up there and is enabled. You could also search for "mouse". The application that allows you to adjust the mouse settings might also allow you to select which mouse you use and/or enable/disable them.
Sorry this isn't better but I'm answering from my phone and not in front of my PC. Hopefully someone can improve this, or I can get back on later and improve it.

Update/Facepalm Moment: One thing I forgot to mention is that PS/2 Mice & keyboards generally have to be plugged in prior to booting the PC. If you plug it in after the boot process has started it will often not be recognized. You may already be aware of this, but I thought it might be worth a mention. I'm assuming you probably tried rebooting the offending machine a couple times?

You can find additional troubleshooting help here:
https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/ubuntu-help/mouse-problem-notmoving.html

Sorry to hear you had to come to the point of a reinstall.


Need to modify gnome 3 theme for browser

I'm suggesting a different way that is specific to Firefox to achieve what you want.

Close (exit) all instances of Firefox.
Go to your profile folder. It is here: /home/your_name/.mozilla/firefox/randomstring.default
In there, look for a subfolder called chrome. If it doesn't exist, create it.
If chrome does exist, look for a file called userContent.css. Otherwise, create an empty file with this name in the chrome folder.
Now open userContent.css with a text editor and paste in this code:
INPUT, TEXTAREA {color: black !important; background: #aaaaaa !important; }

Save the file (as plain text) and close the text editor.
Restart Firefox.
You should now have black text on a light gray background. You can use whatever color combination you prefer.

Notes:
chrome and userContent.css are case-sensitive and should be spelled correctly.
The settings here will take precedence over those in the OS theme and will remain the same in Firefox irrespective of which gtk theme you switch to.

(By the way, you maybe interested in the Stylish extension and a whole variety of styles created by users and hosted at userstyles.org.)

Edit:
I'm providing some links related to users wanting Firefox not to be influenced by the OS (gtk) theme. Please note that I have not checked whether the solutions suggested still work or not. These links are more by way of background:
How can one make firefox ignore my GTK theme entirely?
Bug 70315 - text in menus and boxes unreadable if using dark GTK theme (for Seamonkey)
Any way to prevent Firefox from using the OS native colors?


You don't need to do it yourself... It's in the repositories.
You can install it from the software centre.

If you still want the deb-file, run sudo apt-get download postr from a terminal.


I have figured it out.

The code is as follows:

In the directory /home/path1/

for i in *; do cp /directory/of/FileToCopy.pbs $i; cd $i; sed -i s#xxx#$(pwd)#g FileToCopy.pbs ; cd /home/path1/; done


How can I disable "Copy as HTML" "Paste as HTML" from gnome-terminal context menu?

You cannot disable these entries. As in most software, the basic user interface (organization of its menus etc.) is a hard coded integral part of GNOME Terminal, and not configurable (at least not without altering the source code).


How to install an RPM using a GUI tool in Ubuntu Desktop?

You can't install RPMs directly on an Ubuntu system because Ubuntu uses the DEB package format.

You can convert the RPMs to DEBs using a gui like PackageConverter which is a front-end for alien. Here's how it looks like:

Converting the RPMs to DEBs is, however, no guarantee that they will install correctly on your  .deb based system much less work as they should.

After you've converted them to DEBs you can double click them in nautilus which will launch the gdebi GUI to help you install them as normal debian packages.


Keyboard layout doesn't change in some applications like vscode, chrome

Finally I found it myself :)

On the login screen where I have to enter my password, there is a tools icon. It has 2 options. For my problem, the correct option was Ubuntu.


There's a number of tools that notify you about impending package updates. I personally use apticron. That tool checks once a day whether there are pending updates and, if there are, sends a notification mail. apticron needs an MTA (for example Postfix) installed to send the mail. The mails are sent to root, so you need to redirect root's mail, for example with an alias in /etc/aliases.

Other similar tools are cron-apt and the succinctly named painintheapt. According to its description, painintheapt can send notifications over SMTP or XMPP/Jabber, so you don't need to have an MTA installed.


How to clear all global keyboard shortcuts without "SUPER"?

Most Unity desktop shortcuts are Compiz ones:

Install ccsm

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Launch ccsm
Preferences → Export
Do you want to skip default option values while exporting your profile? NO
Copy exported file to leave a backup then open it with Gedit.
All Compiz shortcuts are there. Modify what you want then Import it back again.

Sometimes, it's hard know what the shortcut do. You can use GUI, go to the plugin, check their shortcuts tab, see if there any hints.

Other shortcuts:

Install dconf editor

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Launch it. then follow paths:

/org/gnome/desktop/wm/keybindings/
/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/media-keys/


Prevent root from resetting a specific user password

No, you cannot prevent root from changing your password. The root user has full control of the system, and if someone can log in as root, they can change your password. Likewise, if another user has access to sudo, you cannot prevent them from changing your password.

You can protect your data by encrypting your home folder. Users who can use sudo (or log in as root) could still change your password, but would not be able to access your data after changing it.

To secure the computer from root or other users, you need root access yourself. If you own the computer you should consider:

disabling the root user (or setting a password only you know)
ensuring other users cannot use sudo
limiting physical access to the machine when possible
encrypting the hard drive (usually requires reinstalling Ubuntu).


I had the same problem. In my case was solution very simply.  Centerbox and subwoofer output was muted only (this was the default state after Ubuntu 12.04 installation). That's why I don't get centerbox and subwoofer output when I click to the test buttons.

Open Terminal and run the command alsamixer. Find your SB card (key F6) and check if the columns “Surround” and “Center/L” are set to OO (MM = mute). It has to be set to OO if you want to hear output. You can turn on or mute selected output by pressing M.

Tip: Change Terminal help from F1 to some other key. Only then F1 would be assigned as a shortcut for Help for alsamixer.


Internal Mic only capturing Static Noise in Asus Laptop (Ubuntu 16.04)

Run pulse audio control. Likely wrong mic device is being used. From terminal, run 'pavucontrol'. In my experience, when sound input is wrong, answer is visible here. Input mat be listening on a headphone jack, for example.


Go to System → Preferences → Startup Application and disable "User folder update".


Is there a way to add zoom in and out buttons on Evince's toolbar?

Open Evince and right-click on toolbar - context menu with one action will be shown, named "Toolbar". Click on it, then drag zoom-in and zoom-out buttons on toolbar


The same happens installing off the latest (as of 2017.11.01) Ubuntu 16.04 iso.

I choose Install Ubuntu server, then select PostgreSQL Database and OpenSSH Server in software selection.

once this is done, on the command line:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install maas
reboot

I think that puts you at the same place you would be if the ISO install worked.


Slow startup on certain programs or methods of starting them

I had a similar issue and running one command seemed to fix it.

gnome-keyring-daemon &

Solution from another post over here


copying/deleting files never ends in ubuntu

This is (was) a very annoying bug in Nautilus (package gvfs):

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/1571540
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/1133477

But just 3 days ago this bug was fixed and the fix version added to repositories.

  2017-08-28:
  This bug was fixed in the package gvfs - 1.28.2-1ubuntu1~16.04.2

Run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade to update to the new version.


How to make file association (not with CLI tool/command)?

Yes, there is. Right click the file and select open with. Or right click and select properties, open with and select the application you want to associate with.


I would give the Pop!_OS kernel a try for the Intel I225-V Ethernet Controller.  I have the same NIC on the Asus ROG-STRIX-B550-I.  I was running the 5.4.0-42-generic kernel under Ubuntu, and the NIC would not come up.  On 5.4.0-7634-generic distributed by Pop, the NIC works.  It looks like Pop is using a more up to date branch of the igc driver for kernel 5.4.  However, I have noticed that the igc driver still has bugs in kernel 5.4. For instance, the /proc/net/dev stats are blank and do not update under the igc driver for the NIC.
Add the Pop repository:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:system76/pop

Do an apt update, and apt should recommend to upgrade the kernel to the Pop version.
As an aside, I actually switched kernels by accident when I added the Pop ppa to get their icons under Xubuntu.
I did try compiling the latest source for the igc driver in the 5.8 kernel.  And it is a no go for 5.4.  It looks like the 5.8 kernel adds some power management dependencies that are lacking in 5.4.
Another option is to upgrade the firmware on the NIC. Others have had success doing this.  I have not tried this option b/c Asus has not provided any firmware updates for my particular B550 motherboard.


How to install Ubuntu as the single OS on a MacBook?

Insert the Ubuntu LiveCD into your Mac and Shutdown. Restart the Mac and
hold the Option Key. When prompted select 'Try Ubuntu' .
Once the system is booted run Disk Utility from the dash .
Select your hard disk and click on Format Disk .

Now select 'No Partition' .

Now install Ubuntu normally .

  To Avoid long EFI wait before GRUB
  If your Macbook spends 30 seconds with
  "white screen" before GRUB shows, try
  booting from your Mac OS X install
  disc, select language, then click
  Utilities- Terminal, and enter:

bless --device /dev/disk0s1 --setBoot --legacy

  Assuming that the bootloader is on   sda1, otherwise /dev/disk0s2 if it's   on sda2, etc.


can't mount ntfs partition without root access

Can you check the contents of /etc/fstab file ?

As its a very important file, backup it first.

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak

Instead of doing it on command line, do it using GUI tools please check this

http://www.webupd8.org/2011/11/how-to-mount-partitions-automatically.html

Note: Its a very important file. Please double check before doing any changes.

Update : Looks like you are not able to change settings with pysdm due to some bug in it - "No matter what I do with pysdm - Mount file system in read-only mode, still remains checked."

This can be fixed by manually editing /etc/fstab file . Changed

/dev/sda1                                  /media/sda1  ntfs  nls=iso8859-1,ro,umask=000,user  0  0

to

/dev/sda1                                  /media/sda1  ntfs  nls=iso8859-1,rw,umask=000,user  0  0

or even

/dev/sda1                                  /media/sda1  ntfs  nls=iso8859-1,umask=000,user  0  0

and rebooted the system.


That package has been upgraded, a simple sudo apt-get update


Just add this line to your ~/.bashrc:

PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -n "$(date +%H:%M:%S) "'

Then save the file and open a new terminal and it should work as expected.


chown -R user:user .* changes permissions backwards: is this the correct behaviour?

Remember that the command line is expanded (interpreted) by the shell before being executed

sudo chown -R luca:luca /myfolder/.*

is interpreted first as :

sudo chown -R luca:luca /myfolder/.  /myfolder/.. /myfolder/.adobe  /myfolder/.bash_history

note the /myfolder/.. in your command line

chown -R luca:luca /myfolder/.. is equivalent to  chown -R luca:luca /
that makes the chown running "backwards"

Use echo /myfolder/.* when you use "*" to verify .


getting error with bc - (standard_in) 1: syntax error

The exponentiation operator in bc is ^ not **. From man bc:

   expr ^ expr
          The result of the expression is the value of the first raised to
          the  second.  The second expression must be an integer.

Ex.
$ echo "scale=2; sqrt(2)^2" | bc
1.98


Cannot permanently change locale on 16.04 server

What I eventually did is a combination of above techniques

I've first done

dpkg-reconfigure locales

and chosed english, utf8, then:

localedef -i en_US -c -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8

Also edited
/etc/default/locale
to look like:

LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8

And after reboot, when I type locale it now looks like this:

LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

And no more warnings...


What do I need to write device drivers on Ubuntu?

You should check the "Linux Device Drivers" book at O'Reilly. It's a very common reference and it is really written in a way that explains the basics.


Touchegg not working 12.10 after multi-touch unity gestures disabled

you need to disable the synclient links with
synclient TapButton2=0
synclient TapButton3=0
synclient ClickFinger2=0
synclient ClickFinger3=0
synclient HorizTwoFingerScroll=0
synclient VertTwoFingerScroll=0


If you want to use the debugger version which 32-bit only you will need nspluginwrapper. In a terminal enter these commands but first make sure a version  of adobe flash is not installed on your computer

wget -O ~/Downloads/flash-debugger.tar.gz http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/pub/flashplayer/updaters/11/flashplayer_11_plugin_debug.i386.tar.gz
sudo tar zxfv ~/Downloads/flash-debugger.tar.gz -C /
sudo mv libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins
nspluginwrapper -v -a -i

Otherwise just install 64-bit flash without debug

sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin


How can I use Left Ctrl+Alt combination for special characters?

Open Text entry ,mark input source and press on keyboard icon. You will see all characters available for particular input source.(As you can see not many options for English (US) layout but instead you can use English (US, alternative international) layout)

If you want to use additional keys open keyboard>shortcuts>typing and set a Compose key and Alternative characters key. The latter is used to write additional keys of present keyboard layout (My guess is that's what you've been looking for).

In this case I have set RCtrl as Alternative characters key. Note that you can set only one key for this and not a combo like LCtrl+Alt, which is by all means simpler. You can change the layout however suites you to gain missing keys, but I don't think you can rebind the way you want and not create further mess with your system.

The Compose key is used to write special characters(lets say it is AltGr):

AltGr+Shift then release followed by a+e will produce æ.

To write Unicode Characters press:
Ctrl+Shift+u, you will get underline u then release and type the Unicode without the leading zeros, e. g.:

Ctrl+Shift+u followed by aeEnter will produce ®, or

Ctrl+Shift+u followed by1f44fEnter will produce

You can use Character map to drag and drop any of the symbols you need.

Useful, but little old link.


How do I get a Realtek RTL8723BE wireless card to work?

First of all remove the settings you made.
sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf

If you do not have this file, nothing is wrong.
Then install a good driver
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms

Reboot and enjoy
If you still have problems (low signal), you may need to add an option:
echo "options rtl8723be ant_sel=2"  | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf

then reboot again.
Expanation is made by chili555 in this answer.
This is the same driver as https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new, rock.new_btcoex branch but packed as dkms.
You can see all that at https://github.com/hanipouspilot/rtlwifi_new/tree/rock.new_btcoex
If you also need bluetooth working, run also:
sudo apt-get install rtl8723au-bt-dkms linux-firmware

Note: Support for 4.2 kernels and Ubuntu 15.10 has been added to the PPA. For kernel 4.2 the bluetooth driver should not be installed from the PPA. There is already native support of the bluetooth adapter in kernel 4.2.
Offline guide
If you do not have any internet connection, you can download the package using another computer, a phone, etc.
The package is HERE
You will also need DKMS installed. You can find the DKMS package for Ubuntu 16.04 HERE
Copy these two files to the Ubuntu Home folder (~/) and run in terminal
sudo dpkg -i dkms*.deb rtlwifi*.deb

Then reboot.
Important: For new Ubuntu  kernels installed on a system with Secure Boot on UEFI, the unsigned kernel module may not load. In this case see THIS ANSWER to fix it.
Update: I have now a laptop with this adapter. It works perfectly on the 4.8 kernel that is available in Ubuntu 16.10 and 16.04.2.
Installation of a custom driver is required only for kernels older than 4.8.
I suggest installing the 4.8 kernel to Ubuntu 16.04 if it is not installed yet by
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-16.04

The device should work well after a reboot.
But still if your laptop has only one antenna and it is attached to a "wrong" connector, setting ant_sel=2, or and_sel=1 may be required.


"Unsupported class version" implies that the Java classes you're trying to run are of a version that's too new for your Java runtime. Spark's website confirms that it's not compatible with Java 7 or older, so it's no wonder that you get this error trying to run it on Java 6. Install Java 8 and you should have more success.

From your comment, it seems that you think Scala requires Java 6. This is untrue. The Scala website says:

  The Scala software distribution can be installed on any platform with a Java runtime, version 1.6 or later. Scala 2.12 requires Java 8.

(My emphasis.)


17.04 to 17.10 upgrade tool requires more space on /boot than available from previous default install

I waited a couple of days and noticed that the upgrade tool had been updated. I tried to upgrade again and the upgrade proceeded without complaint.

The upgraded system still had a problem, but that's a separate issue.


Web Server Best Practices: Directory Structure & Security

What I did on my server so that my user could sftp things straight into /var/www is:

sudo chgrp -R www-data /var/www
sudo usermod -aG www-data $(whoami)
sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/*
sudo chmod 2775 /var/www

This will put your user into a group that has group ownership on /var/www and all its child directories, set everything in /var/www recursively to allow your group write access, and set the setgid bit on the /var/www directory so that all files later created under /var/www maintain the same group ownership rather than having the group set to the creator's primary group.


How can I install mpich for a newer gcc compiler?

Just for the record: after a little more research as well as some tests on my own system, I figured out that mpich will use whichever GNU compiler is default on your system.

Hence you can have multiple gcc versions installed on your system (e.g. sudo apt install gcc-7 gcc-8 g++-7 g++-8), and manage them using update-alternatives. A good guide for this purpose can be found here: https://archerfmy.github.io/2017/04/12/How-to-switch-your-gcc-g-version-in-ubuntu.

Then, mpich will use whichever gcc/g++ version you have chosen as default.


Stop Gwibber and Empathy from scrolling to new messages

There's a bug ( https://bugs.launchpad.net/gwibber/+bug/327172 ) filed for this, but it has since been fixed. Updated packages should arrive soon!


Password set but login without password?

You can define an account where a password isn't required to login. Go to System Settings, User Accounts and call up the user profile. This screen appears:

If Automatic Login is set ON then no password is required to log on.

Edit 1 - Login without Password

As https://askubuntu.com/users/367990/byte-commander pointed out in comments you can click on a user's password and this screen will appear:

Click on the Action drop down menu and select Log in without a password


Dynamic line wrapping in the GNOME Terminal

At the time the question was asked, this was not possible in Gnome Terminal. However, a fix was committed in late 2013. This change didn't make it into Ubuntu 14.04, but it should be part of Ubuntu 14.10.

According to the issue on Launchpad, you can have this feature today by enabling the Gnome-team PPA. You can activate the Gnome-team Staging PPA (staging required to get latest version) by doing the following

 sudo apt-add-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging

Update your sources

sudo apt-get update

Re-install gnome-terminal to get latest version

sudo apt-get install gnome-terminal

Check so you have version 3.13 or later (as of 10 September, should be 3.13.1)

$ gnome-terminal --version
GNOME Terminal 3.12.1


Intermittent network errors on Kubuntu 18.4 CLI

I tried what user535733 suggested and checked /var/log/syslog.  There I found the error:

Dec 25 22:30:54 sebas-HP systemd-resolved[724]: Failed to open /etc/hosts: Permission denied
Dec 25 22:30:54 sebas-HP systemd-resolved[724]: Failed to start query: Permission denied

The thing is that I had /etc/hosts as a symlink to a file in my regular user home (because I wanted it versioned in git).

$ ls -la | grep hosts
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root  root       25 abr 26  2016 hosts -> /home/sebas/doc/prj/hosts

And in my prj folder:

$ ls -la | grep hosts
-rwxr--r--    1 sebas sebas      1758 oct 31  2017 hosts

Not sure if it's the symlink or the permissions that are causing the problem, but it never failed before the last system upgrade.

Anyway, restoring /etc/hosts as a regular file solved the issue.


It's unlikely that skype is causing your machine to crash.  The symptoms you describe sound like something is leaking memory and you are simply running out of memory.  You can determine this by watching "top" in a terminal and sorting by memory usage (type F then n and hit enter).  The culprit will likely be at the top of this list.


Problems using Murmur with self-signed certificate

Apparently Murmur does not automatically trust the certificates you tell it to use. When it looked at my Murmur certificate, validation failed since I never trusted my personal CA on the server itself. So I just had to trust it on the server by following this guide and now everything works perfectly.


Why nautilus is not searching in sub directories when I search for uploading a document from chrome?

First, the dialog you see in Chrome is not the file manager Files (nautilus). It is a system dialog to open files. On GTK based desktops such as the one used on standard Ubuntu, this is a GTK3 dialog.
It would be very handy if one could directly search for a file in that dialog the way it currently works in Files. Unfortunately, that is not the case. It currently only searches in the current folder, and does not allow to specify multiple search strings like Files does.
So the reason is that Files and the GTK3 dialogs are different open source projects. They may handle some things a little bit differently. In this case, this indeed leads to a behavior that is not fully consistent.


Gateway Laptop Won't Boot From USB Drive

if possible I always recommend a dvd live disk, as the read speeds on a usb vary and creating a working bootable one is a true pain. Try using a dvd if possible and see if that makes a difference. If it doesn't, try pressing tab as soon as you get the black/purple/whatever screen when it first boots and go down to "install ubuntu", that will boot straight into the installer and I've found that it avoids some of the issues with graphics/incompatibilities in the live session


PlayOnLinux ALMOST finishes installation

So you installed the game completely but just didn't login into the game? That's fine, anyhow, the game can be found in home/user/.playonlinux/wineprefex


Quicklist ignores $HOME in .desktop configuration

You cannot access such environment variables in a .desktop file. What should work, is to write a wrapper script and start this instead

Exec=/path/to/wrapper

and the wrapper script would call

$HOME/whatever


Why does the Lubuntu minimum install say that it requires 10.7 GB of available drive space?

The minimal size is only recommendation -- if you want you can change it.

In LiveCD environment (before running installation) open terminal and run

gksudo leafpad /usr/lib/ubiquity/plugins/ubi-prepare.py

at line 303, there's variable size and at line 310 you'll find this

min_disk_size = size * 2

just change the number 2 for adjustment (now the minimal size is 5 GB * 2, I've replaced it with 0.8), save the file and run Installator again.


Why did apt-get install Virtual Box instead of g++?

The command

sudo apt-get install g++ 5.0

indicates you want to install two packages: g++ and 5.0. (Package names don't have spaces, and apt-get accepts multiple package names, separated by spaces.)

What probably happened is that it installed g++ as requested, then installed all packages (including version numbers) that match the regular expression 5.0 (since there's no package actually named 5.0). (thanks @edwinksl!)

To avoid this, make sure you have the correct package names, without spaces. You can also use the -s option to simulate an apt-get action before doing it for real:

sudo apt-get -s install g++ 5.0

will show you the actions that the command would perform, without actually installing anything. If it looks OK, you can remove the -s to perform the installation.

You could also consider using a more newbie-friendly graphical package manager, such as synaptic or muon.


It turns out that doing apt remove gnome-control-center and apt install gnome-control-center fixes this.
However when launching from terminal a Gtk message "Failed to load module 'pantheon-filename-module'" appears, so perhaps indicating an incomplete or incorrect clean-up.


youtube-dl do not working.HTTP error 429: too many requests How can i solve this problem? youtube-dl is up-to date

Using --cookies works for me.

Install the cookies.txt addon on Firefox. Export cookie.

$ youtube-dl --cookies cookies.txt www.youtube.com/watch?v=..


bumblebee is in ubuntu 13.10's official repository so you can easily install it.

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia(if it's nvidia)


Installing problems with 14.04 alongside Windows 7

When you are installing Linux, you have to make sure that your OS is properly SHUT DOWN, so don't suspend or do anything else. If your Windows is in suspended mode, Ubuntu will see the Windows partition (usually the first partition on your drive, where your MBR is stored)  as being mounted, and unless you force the unmount (you could cause problems with your Windows doing this), the ubuntu installer won't have access to write to your MBR and install the boot loader properly.
You can still use your Windows' bootloader and configure it to show you your Linux partition. I would advise to use Windows' native bootloader, but in case you're not familiar with it, you could give https://neosmart.net/EasyBCD/ a try.


Try this?

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tlp tlp-rdw
sudo tlp start

I first saw it here: http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2014/04/24/10-or-20-things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-14-04-trusty-tahr/

More info on TLP

http://linrunner.de/en/tlp/docs/tlp-linux-advanced-power-management.html


For Ubuntu 18.04+ make sure Settings -> Privacy -> Location Services is set to "On."


Stopped finding a specific wifi network, live works fine

Solved using

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

and rebooting.

(possible duplicate of Can't connect to a specific WiFi network (Ubuntu 14.04) )