In Ubuntu 17.10 they changed to netplan to manage networks.

for desktop it is now netplan/networkmanager
for server (headerless) it is now netplan/networkd

So basically anything you have edited doesn't really work anymore.

As far as I understand you now edit gui from within the gui (I don't use the gui), if you google ubuntu 18.04 static ip netplan networkd you will probably find what you are looking for. I have only just discovered most of this, and I am still not 100% sure how it all works, which is why I have not told you how I setup my network stuff. Bad advise only makes things worse.

My key info was found here: https://websiteforstudents.com/configure-static-ip-addresses-on-ubuntu-18-04-beta/


How to connect external monitor to laptop for larger desktop?

Your best bet would be to use xrandr for customizing your multimonitor setup. First just type this at the command line

xrandr

Look at the output how your laptop screen and the external screen is named. My laptop screen was named LVDS and external was named CRT1. Could be different for you.

First you can change the resolution of each monitor with:

xrandr --output CRT1 --mode 1920x1080

Then you can set the primary display (the one that will have the gnome panel) with:

xrandr --output CRT1 --primary

If xrandr complains about the desktop not being large enough, put a Virtual info in your xorg.xconf file, such as:

Section "Screen"
Identifier "amdcccle-Screen[1]-0"
Device     "amdcccle-Device[1]-0"
DefaultDepth     24
SubSection "Display"
    Viewport   0 0
    Virtual   3360 1920
    Depth     24
EndSubSection
EndSection

Only the SubSection "Display" with the Virtual line should be added, the rest is specific for my setup. Restart your computer for the new xorg.conf to take effect. Then run the xrandr commands again.
Good luck!


After upgrading to 14.04 my dropbox notifier is missing

A solution can be found in here.

  To fix this Dropbox error in Ubuntu / Linux Mint / Debian, open a terminal and run the following commands:

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dropbox/.dropbox-dist
dropbox start -i

It worked perfectly for me!


How to allow a process to use more memory

What I will suggest here is, try killing the other unnecessary processes when you run the game. Then there would be more memory available for all the remaining processes, and therefore the performance will increase. In fact it should increase then.


How do i create a keyboard shortcut to open a chrome app?

Open URL from command line:
google-chrome http://www.example.com

Open URL as application from command line:
google-chrome --app=http://www.example.com

Create keyboard shortcut for opening URL:
System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts > Custom > +
- Name: Foo
- Command: google-chrome http://www.example.com
- Press Apply
- Select the new row, then press and hold down the desired keys

Create keyboard shortcut for opening URL as application:
System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts > Custom > +
- Name: Bar
- Command: google-chrome --app=http://www.example.com
- Press Apply
- Select the new row, then press and hold down the desired keys


What are the biggest barriers to walking the MOTU/developer path?

I think the biggest technical barrier is knowing how to create Debian packages. While it is relatively simple to create a working package, it is much harder to create packages up to the standard of Debian and Ubuntu. Also, the guides on how to create packages normally deal with a situation in which you have the source code that requires compiling. This can be confusing for applications written in interpreted languages.

The biggest social barrier is probably knowing how to get packages uploaded into the universe/multiverse repositories. It is a lot simpler to just create your own ppa and upload packages there.


Adding options (right-click) to icons on Gnome-Shell dock

Unfortunately, you'll have to wait at least for gnome 3.4 to get that feature in gnome-shell.

It's right now being worked on, see the live.gnome.org webpage for further reference.

In the meantime, you can install the jump-list-gnome-shell-extension.

You can get it from here

This, however, will only show your recently and most used files, it won't enable you to launch writer or impress like Unity does.


You are probably looking for this
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qtcreator/

The packages filelists are online
https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/amd64/qtcreator/filelist
here you can find see which files get installed.
You can list the files of an installed package
dpkg-query -L qtcreator

And if it is not installed, you can download the deb package and list it's contents
apt download qtcreator
dpkg --contents *.deb

The last resort option is to find through all directories, or use the locate function.
find / -name qtcreate

where you can limit the directories searched and find more matches with this
find /usr/lib -name qtcreate*


Route specific IPs to secondary ethernet network inside Virtual Machine

So, PEdroArthur comment was what I needed to make this work.
I'll put the correct configuration below if someone has the same question.
This configuration should makes everything different from the IPs on enp0s3 (NAT) route list go via enp0s8 (Bridge).
network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
    enp0s8: #Bridge
      gateway4: 192.168.15.1
      dhcp4: yes
      routes:
        - to: 0.0.0.0/0
          via: 192.168.15.1
          metric: 11
    enp0s3: #NAT
      dhcp4: false
      addresses: [10.0.2.0/24]
      routes:
        - to: 10.333.44.0/24
          via: 10.0.2.2
          metric: 10
        - to: XXX.XXX.XXX.0/24
          via: 10.0.2.2
          metric: 10

Just change the XXX.XXX.XXX for the IP you need. You can add as many as needed.
Create a new config.yaml on /etc/netplan and run netplan try to try the new configuration for 2 minutes and netplan apply to make it permanent.


You could run a terminal and window in the background and force it under every other window. This essentially replaces the desktop with your terminal window.

This is something I've done before to help another user with a slightly different problem but it should apply just as well here. See that post for detail but all you need to do is run the following at login:

gnome-terminal -x sh -c "wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b add,fullscreen,below; wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b add,skip_taskbar; bash"

You can edit your Gnome Terminal profile to make it look better too. And there are other terminal emulators out there which may suit this purpose better. Play around.


How to show full date and time in Nautilus/Files 3.6+ list view?

You can get back the full date by recompiling nautilus:
sudo apt-get build-dep nautilus
sudo apt-get install quilt
export QUILT_PATCHES=debian/patches
apt-get source nautilus
cd nautilus*
quilt new 999_full_dates.patch
quilt edit libnautilus-private/nautilus-column-utilities.c

Change line 77 from
"attribute", "date_modified",

to
"attribute", "date_modified_full",

Rebuild and install modified package:
quilt refresh
fakeroot dpkg-buildpackage
cd ..
killall nautilus
sudo dpkg -i nautilus_*.deb
nautilus &

As always, you have to perform these steps every time there is an update for nautilus in Ubuntu.
Now, a full analysis of the problem:
The actual patch which caused this change is this one.
The function nautilus_file_get_date_as_string gains an extra gboolean parameter "compact" - when true the abbreviated date is returned.
This function is never called directly - it is accessed through the wrapper function nautilus_file_get_string_attribute_q. This function takes attribute parameters like "date_modified". To accommodate the new signature of nautilus_file_get_date_as_string a new attribute is added "date_modified_full". After this change, any code in nautilus which uses the file date string will get the abbreviated date.
Finally, the file properties dialog is updated to use "date_modified_full" attribute.
So in order to have nautilus display the full date in list view, it is only necessary to change one line of code: in libnautilus-private/nautilus-column-utilities.c, line 77 from "date_modified" to "date_modified_full".
A slightly more useful patch could add a new column type which would show the full date, making this an optional feature, and only add 10 lines of code.


Can I identify encrypted files resulting in dmesg errors, or fsck the encrypted files?

This is a well know bug see Here see message #21

WORKAROUND :

Dustin Kirkland (kirkland) wrote on 2010-01-05:   #21


Need help getting ASUS USB-AC53 Nano (USB wifi adapter) working on Ubuntu 16.04

It is supported by Linux but you need to install the driver and that the driver might have some issues with certain kernel versions.

Read this whole thread till the end (including the link to the split thread) and follow his steps.

Provide the output of the following if you have issues (make sure you have the dongle connected):
uname -a
lsusb
dmesg
ip a s


Kernel error during upgrade due to "/etc/default/grub: Syntax error: newline unexpected"

Thanks to my friend review, managed to solve the problem:

  Have you edited /etc/default/grub? It seems like there is a syntax
  error in this file, such as a missing quotation mark. If a line has an
  open quote (either single or double), but no closing quote before the
  end of the line, the it will complain about the newline (ie,
  linebreak) inside the quotes. – Marty Fried Jul 4 at 3:19

The error was in line 26, then sufficed comment (#) the line and ready.


Multi-monitor: one or the other monitor goes black

This isn't really an answer, but it's a workaround: when I'm in this state, toggling between console mode and back to graphical mode (ctrl-alt-f1 and ctrl-alt-f7) kicks the monitor out of sleep and fixes the problem.


Why is my service timing out when I can clearly see it started properly?

To explain the solution in my comment: Some applications don't use the fork() systemcall as expected (or not at all), which can confuse systemd when Type=forking is set. Usually, this can be avoided by setting Type=simpel.


How do I change the bucket fill colour in Gimp Image Editor?

Suppose We want to Fill an area in this image

The bucket tool uses the foreground colour so lets change it-- Click foreground

Set new colour

Click OK to accept

Foreground colour now changed select bucket tool

Use bucket tool -- Job Done


When I use ZSH, how do I set PATH in /etc/profile.d?

From my point of view, the best way is to add the following lines at the ~/.zshrc file (if you don't already have it, then create it):

if [ -d "/path/to/jdk" ] ; then
    export PATH="/path/to/jdk/bin:$PATH"
fi

Then restart your zsh, or just run source ~/.zshrc and then your PATH should be exactly as you wish.

Or, if you want to make the change to be system-wide, then add the previous code to the end of /etc/zsh/zshenv file.

But in any case do not use /etc/profile.d to automatically run scripts in zsh. This directory is useful only for the bash shell, not zsh as in your case. To understand this, open /etc/profile file, which is a bash initialization file and in no case a zsh initialization file, and you will see somewhere at the end of the file:

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi

So, your scripts from /etc/profile.d directory will automatically run in zsh only if you add the previous code in a zsh initialization file, like /etc/zsh/zprofile for example, or source /etc/profile in /etc/zsh/zprofile file.


Can I use the Ubuntu Nexus 7 Desktop Installer on other tablets?

No, the installer only supports the 8GB and 16GB Nexus 7 devices.

The key aspect to running Ubuntu on tablet hardware is whether there exists an accelerated Xorg driver for that hardware available for Ubuntu. Many SoC vendors do not provide such a driver, since it is a significant amount of work, and they are already supporting the Android graphics stack (SurfaceFlinger).

Without this driver, it is unlikely for Ubuntu to run well (or at all) on the device.

I led the team that wrote this installer and created the image, so that's my source of information for you. :)

Thanks.


Sporadic DNS issues, ubuntuMate 16.04 LTS

I'm on 14.04 LTS but had the same issue and it turned out that my dns-searches was somehow looking at the wrong place (locally).

In the NetworkManager (nm-connection-editor) my DNS server was set to 192.168.100.1. But when checking /etc/resolv.conf is tells me 127.0.1.1. So if I try to lookup something:

$ nslookup www.google.com
Server:        127.0.1.1
...

After removing the dns=dnsmas-row from /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf and rebooting it works flawlessly. /etc/resolv.conf tells me 192.168.100.1 and first line of nslookup:

$ nslookup www.google.com
Server:        192.168.100.1
...


Strange graphics issues such as flickering application windows and inconsistent display lagging

The -49 and -50 kernels are flawed, and have been withdrawn. There are graphics issues (possibly only with internal Intel video subsystems).
Boot your computer. At the GRUB menu, select the 2nd choice, Advanced Options (or some such), and select your -48 kernel, or earlier if you don't have -48, and run off of that for now.
Keep up to date with Software Updater and once you see the -51 kernel, or later, then choose it at next boot.
Update #1:
Start Synaptic and install these files (search for 5.8.0-48)...

Run:
ls -al /boot

Confirm that initrd.img-5.8.0-48-generic is there.
If it's not there, then run:
sudo update-initramfs -c -k 5.8.0-48-generic

Then:
sudo update-grub
reboot

At the GRUB menu, select Advanced Options, then select the -48 kernel to boot from.


I am trying to install the Oracle java sdk and jre manually on ubuntu 12.10

This is improper installation. Install through Ubuntu Software Center: Go for Open JDK Java6Runtime and Iced Tea plugin for browsers, better way of installation.

aman@ubuntu:~$ java -version
java version "1.7.0_21"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.3.9) (7u21-2.3.9-1ubuntu1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.7-b01, mixed mode)
aman@ubuntu:~$


Processor temperature when just browsing the web is 55-60 C

Well, I've got a laptop with a similar config (an nvidia discrete gpu instead of amd), and used to face the same cooling issues as you until I started using TLP- which is a command line power management tool for linux. Here are the steps to isntall it : http://www.webupd8.org/2013/04/improve-power-usage-battery-life-in.html

I also use bumblebee which helped reduce my idle temps. by around 5-7 degrees, though its only for nvidia optimus laptops. I'm pretty sure there's a similar tool for amd switchable graphics.


Where can I find documentation on the /etc/environment file format?

I'm not sure why this isn't made more clear, but /etc/environment isn't parsed by any single bit of code or any particular shell (or necessarily any shell at all) (try grep -r "/etc/environment" /etc and you'll see what I mean). pam in particular parses it directly, not putting it through a shell.

By convention, and I do mean convention, it's pure key-value pairs, with values optionally quoted. You can't put anything that tries to do e.g. variable expansion or command execution in there and expect it to work.

I'd be surprised if you can find a strict, formal grammar definition anywhere.

Probably the closest to an authoritative answer you can come is the pam_env docs: http://www.linux-pam.org/Linux-PAM-html/sag-pam_env.html


Error while installing ubuntu 14.04 alongside windows10 using wubi

Wubi does not support new machines with Windows 8 and Windows 10. So get an ISO and make a live DVD/USB and install from it.

From Wubi Guide:

  Wubi is an officially supported installer for Windows XP, Vista and 7
  only. Wubi does not work with Windows 8 default boot-loader.
  Thus at this point Wubi would not work on a new Windows 8 machine. You
  would be able to install, but not reboot into Ubuntu.

  If you upgraded to Windows 8 and are using BIOS firmware, Wubi does
  work, but do not enable hybrid-sleep on Windows 8


what causes frequent temporary network outages

Please do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe -r wl
sudo modprobe brcmsmac
gksu gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-bcm43.conf

remove:

blacklist brcmsmac
blacklist bcma

save, close gedit and reboot.


theHarvester should be fairely easy to install try this

pip3 install gevent

As for apt_pgk try this

sudo apt-get install --reinstall python3-apt


Xubuntu Applications Menu still shows deleted applications

menu entries can be removed from /usr/share/applications, so to remove them just
sudo rm /usr/share/applications/appname.desktop

also alacarte can be used
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends alacarte and then you can access via right click app menu - properties


Read the wiki again. It says "If you have installed with older media you can use the following to install the newer HWE kernel derived from 15.10 (Wily): ...".
14.04.2 ISOs do have upgraded kernel and xserver, which is why you have kernel 3.16, and not the original 3.13.
...but those EnablementStacks are opt-in, and not automatic. As the wiki says, you, the user, should run the commands to upgrade.
Lastly, I am not sure what is #82~14.04.1-Ubuntu. It might be something random, for example, I am on 12.04.5, kernel 3.2.0-99-generic, and that field has #139-Ubuntu. Why? Don't know, but here is a good overview of uname.


How to change the menu icon of mate desktop menu applet?

It is theme dependent. For example, if you are using AwokenDark icons, you can check which icon the start-here symbolic icon points to, with

$ ls -l ~/.icons/AwOkenDark/clear/24x24/places/start-here.png
lrwxrwxrwx 1 user user 35 nov 24 08:37 /home/user/.icons/AwOkenDark/clear/24x24
/places/start-here.png -> ../start-here/start-here-gentoo3.png

you can change the symbolic link to point to another image from the start-here directory in the theme, for example start-here-ubuntu1.png.


how to always show left dock in ubuntu gnome desktop on 1604

Using the following command to configure it:
gnome-shell-extension-prefs

If there does not exist any setting related to dock, first install dash-to-dock.
References:

https://micheleg.github.io/dash-to-dock/

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1300/ubuntu-dock/


How can I resize NTFS partition in GParted?

I turned on the PC and didn't realize it didn't have the Ubuntu CD in so it tried to boot into Windows.  When I came back to it I realized it had started running chkdsk, because before I couldn't boot into safe mode I scheduled it to run chkdsk.  After it completed the Vista partition no longer had an exclamation mark next to it and I am able to shrink it.  It's currently shrinking now and its been on the real resize stage for a while but apparently it's normal if it takes a long time. (Extra info: I did cancel it because I didn't think anything was happening but it messed up the partition.  Somehow chkdsk was scheduled again so I was able to resize it again.  I'll be sure not to cancel it this time.)

So if anyone else has this problem, run chkdsk /r at Safe Mode with Command Prompt, or the recovery console if you have it (I don't).


Thanks all,

Since you proved me I was running Compiz, I downloaded CompizConfig Settings Manager and disabled Vsync under the OpenGL tab.  That did it.


wireless button display turns on and off repeatedly

I believe that on some HP laptops, it is actually using the wireless indicator is being used to show activity as well as status. No idea how to turn it off though. Should slow down when you aren't using the internet.


How to mount a directory inside a fs instead of the whole fs?

Not directly. You still have to mount the filesystem of the partition but if you dont want it to show up as a drive in nautilus, mount it to somewhere in /mnt/

From there you can do a further bind-mount in /etc/fstab to mount the specific directory you want in a place where you want it, eg:

/mnt/windows/dir-you-want-to-mount    /media/mydir    bind


.xinitrc with keyboard mapping not working

You can make a script, to run each time you login.

Create an empty .sh file
Input your code inside. It can look like this:

#!/bin/bash
# This is my remapping to change AltGr with W. Edit it to work with yours.
sleep 25
xmodmap -e "remove mod1 = Alt_R"
xmodmap -e "keycode 108 = w W Cyrillic_ve Cyrillic_VE"

Make it executable.
Add it to Application Autostart tab of Session and Startup.


How do I install the latest clamav & clamtk?

You can obtain the latest versions of both ClamAV and ClamTk at their official sites.
ClamAV
From the official site's downloads page for Linux, the latest version of ClamAV which has been "at least lightly tested" for your Ubuntu release is available in the Ubuntu backports repository. See here on how to enable this repository: How do I enable the "backports" repository?
Official instructions for obtaining and compiling source code for yourself are provided here.
ClamTk
Announcements of new ClamTk versions are posted on the front page of the official ClamTk site. There you can find a .deb download link for Ubuntu/Debian and install from there. You can also go straight to the Sourceforge download page.
Keep in mind you will have to use ClamTk to check for new versions or check the website yourself regularly for when new versions become available.


I need to check for dpkg lock before installing apps in a script

To identify processes using files or sockets you can use fuser command (see man fuser for more info). In case of dpkg, you can check for the lock as root with the following command:

fuser /var/lib/dpkg/lock


Paired Bluetooth device does not connect, 14.04 Desktop

OK, I've discovered why wine couldn't see the bluetooth ports:

Used blueman bluetooth manager to connect to the device and set up a serial port /dev/rfcomm0
Create a link to the serial port in ~/.wine/dosdevices:

 ln -s /dev/rfcomm0 com1

Add myself to dialout group so I can access the ports created in /dev:

 sudo gpasswd -a steve dialout

wine apps can now see serial ports.

I still have a problem with the app not keeping hold of the com port but that's another question!


Convert a video by setting the final size

Going from 100mb to 10mb is a slightly unrealistic 90% drop in size but I will give an example of reducing to 50mb creating an H.264 video, which is a more reasonable 50% reduction in size as well as reducing to 40mb using HEVC.

I am using the following sample file:

wget http://dl3.h265files.com/TearsOfSteel_720p_h265.mkv

You can use this sample file to confirm the following results that I have given and perhaps experiment a little further yourself. MediaInfo reveals the following for this downloaded file:

mediainfo \
--Inform="General;Duration=%Duration/String3%\nFile size=%FileSize/String1%" \
TearsOfSteel_720p_h265.mkv
Duration=00:12:14.058   <-----
File size=101 MiB       <-----

The arrows of course are my own! You then perhaps have 2 really good choices:

Re-Encode to H.264
Re-encode to HEVC

1. Re-Encode to H.264 (50mb)

H.264 is widely accepted now and would be an excellent choice for your output video file. The formula to calculate the output bitrate for the desired 50mb would then be:

(50 MiB * 8192 [converts MiB to kBit]) / 734 seconds = ~558 kBit/s total bitrate
558 - 128 kBit/s (desired audio bitrate) = 430 kBit/s video bitrate

To accomplish this use the following FFmpeg 2 pass command:

ffmpeg -y -i TearsOfSteel_720p_h265.mkv \
      -c:v libx264 -b:v 430k -pass 1 \
      -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k -f mp4 /dev/null && \
ffmpeg -i TearsOfSteel_720p_h265.mkv \
       -c:v libx264 -b:v 430k -pass 2 \
       -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k TearsOfSteel_smaller.mp4

The resulting file size is 49.4MiB with quite reasonable, but not amazing, viewing quality. Pretty good for a 50% reduction in file size and a huge drop in video bitrate actually!

2. Re-encode to HEVC (40mb)

Another choice (as suggested by emk2203) is to re-encode the existing HEVC stream with a lower bitrate, this time aiming for 40mb as HEVC claims better quality at a lower bitrate.

This time the formula would be:

(40 MiB * 8192 [converts MiB to kBit]) / 734 seconds = ~446 kBit/s total bitrate
446 - 128 kBit/s (desired audio bitrate) = 318 kBit/s video bitrate

and the FFmpeg 2 pass command line is:

ffmpeg -y -i TearsOfSteel_720p_h265.mkv \
      -c:v libx265 -x265-params pass=1 -b:v 318k \
      -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k -f mp4 /dev/null && \
ffmpeg -i TearsOfSteel_720p_h265.mkv \
       -c:v libx265 -x265-params pass=2 -b:v 318k \
       -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k TearsOfSteel_smaller.mp4

And this provides a 40mb file with quite reasonable quality.

In conclusion:

From these example you can experiment further by decreasing the required MiB in the formula and observing the subsequent viewing quality. Have Fun!!

References:

H.264 Video Encoding Guide: 2 Pass Encoding FFmpeg trac article which gives definitive and easily followed information on 2 pass encoding to H.264.
FFmpeg and H.265 Encoding Guide FFmpeg trac gudelines for encoding to HEVC using the x265 wrapper.
FFmpeg and VP9 Encoding Guide Another option to look at is encoding to VP9 and all of the details are on this FFmpeg trac page. Again you are after the 2 pass encoding section...


Is there any application which can be used to upload hex files to AT89S52 microcontroller?

I have used ExtremeBurner (built by extremeelectronics.co.in) on Windows and it worked perfectly fine. A linux version for it has been released. Refer this site


How do I change the default text editor?

Here is what worked in my case:

Right click on a text file.
Choose "Properties" (not "Open With...")
Click on the "Open With" tab.
Choose your new text editor.
Mark chosen text editor using a button "Set as default".

This also works on 12.04 and 13.04.
@ Edit: based on comments it does work on all distros until 20.04


Keyboard shortcut in kate for emmet to expand abbreviation

Open Settings > Configure Kate > Configure Shortcuts.
In the window that opens, type abbr in the search box at the top.
You should see CtrlAlt# as the default shortcut.
Of course, you can change that to something else.


Does Ubuntu 18.04 show filenames containing emojis in colour?

I tested this out in a VM, and it seems you can get colour emojis in 18.04:

16.04:

18.04:

The filenames were created over ssh from macOS using touch ; the emojis entered using the macOS emoji picker.


12.04 unable to boot on /sde, upgrade-grub and boot-repair failed

There should be a hdd=(4,0) option in grub line that should work.   This means boot from sde1 (5th disk, first partition).  Notation might be off as this is from memory.


Can't sync photos from DroidX2 external microSD card

Try connecting the microSD card to your computer by using microSD adapter (instead of connecting your phone). You might be able to access all your files when connected directly to the computer.


I accidently removed /usr. Is there a way to recover it?

If you have backups => Yes

If you haven't made backups, start making them while you remember why it is important.

I think the easiest solution is to make a copy of your home directory and /etc onto an external disk, then detach the external disk and do a reinstall of the system.
If you have enough storage space on an external disk:

start a liveCD
copy all files to external disk or at least /home and /etc
reïnstall
copy the files from your backup to the new install
compare the config files in /etc with the ones in your backup


Not able to install the extensions in Google Chrome

In my case, I simply had to restart Chrome.

You could use this command:

pkill chrome

Chrome was running in the background and not properly restarting.  Once I killed the process, I had no problems.


How can I add options to `make` command?

Since you don't have a Makefile, compilation and linking of your program relies on implicit rules built in to make. In the case of C source code, the implicit rule for Linking a single object file is:

$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) n.o $(LOADLIBES) $(LDLIBS)

So you can add libraries via the LDLIBS variable e.g.

make LDLIBS='-lfoo'

or

LDLIBS='-lfoo' make

See GNU make: 10.2 Catalogue of Built-In Rules


cryptsetup: waiting for encrypted source device /swapfile

The root cause and explanation, why above workaround works, is that initramfs cryptroot hook (/usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/cryptroot) is trying to translate /swapfile to block device when you have cryptswap in /etc/crypttab. This obviously fails as /swapfile is not a device and is not available during the time when initramfs runs.
As you are not using encrypted rootfs (otherwise /swapfile would be already encrypted as part of it) the easiest way is to disable this cryptroot hook. Unfortunately there is no nice way, how to do it. The best way I found was to insert exit 0 into /etc/cryptsetup-initramfs/conf-hook as this script is sourced by the cryptroot hook.


Can someone explain me the find command behavior that I use?

find ./assign/*.c -exec cp ./assign2 {} \;

The wildcard (*) is expanded by the shell before even find is executed. Say there are two files, source1.c and source2.c in the assign directory, then the above is equivalent to

find ./assign/source1.c ./assign/source2.c -exec cp ./assign2 {} \;

This is by all means valid, and means that you only want to do something with these particular files. For example, you could write

find ./assign/*.c -name '*2*'

and the result would be roughly equivalent to ls ./assign/*.c | grep 2 or ls ./assign/*2*.c.

Note that if you don't want the shell to expand the wildcards, you need to put them in quotes:

find "./assign/*.c"

However, that will fail, as find treats the path name literally (without any wildcard expansion), so it looks literally for a file called *.c (yes, that is a valid filename).

As for the second part of your first expression (exec cp ./assign2 {} \;). Obviously, there is a typo, since the cp command tries to copy the assign2 directory to the second argument. Given that you have files source1.c and source2.c in the assign directory, the result of your command will be equivalent to

cp assign2/ ./assign/source1.c
cp assign2/ ./assign/source2.c

Which is probably not what you intended (also, it will fail, because you cannot copy a directory to a filename).

Now, for the second expression, because there is a problem here as well:

find ./assign -type f -name *.c  -exec cp {} ./assign2 \;

This will work only if there are no files with the .c extension in the current directory. Otherwise, shell will expand the *.c. Say, you have the following files:

./master.c
./assign/source1.c
./assign/source2.c

The above command line will be first expanded by shell to

find ./assign -type f -name master.c -exec cp {} ./assign2 \;

That will fail, because there is no file master.c in the assign/ directory. Instead, use

find ./assign -type f -name "*.c" -exec cp {} ./assign2 \;

In any case, unless you have a complex directory structure under ./assign or directories that end in .c, I'd rather just

cp ./assign/*.c ./assign2


How can I keep the terminal output always at the beginning?

It sounds like you just want to use a pager like less or more:

$ seq 1 1000 | less

You can scroll up and down with the arrow keys and, when you've finished, hit q to exit. You can also search using /. See man less for details.

Alternatively, you can use head to only see the first few lines. For example

$ seq 1 1000 | head
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10


How can I move the boot drive (ie the one with GRUB)?

I used a program called GRUB customizer and its install to MBR option, selecting /dev/sdf (the label of my Ubuntu hard disk).

That solved the problem.


You can reset nautilus by deleting its config file.

First backup config:

$ mv ~/.config/nautilus ~/.config/nautilus_old
$ mv ~/.gconf/apps/nautilus ~/.gconf/apps/nautilus_old

Then reeboot and if it works then you can delete the backup files.
Otherwise just copy them back to restore the current state.


Unable to lock administration directory, while updating from command line

something else has a lock on the package database, if you have killed off other processes they may not have cleared the lock. A simple restart should cure this for you.


How to remove fonts-ubuntu non-free package?

Debian considers it to be non-free, while Canonical disagrees. You may want to study the debian/copyright file:
cat /usr/share/doc/fonts-ubuntu/copyright

If you use Ubuntu, you'd better trust Canonical on this kind of licensing matters.
Edit:
An adjustment has been made to the fonts-ubuntu package so as from Ubuntu 21.04 vrms will no longer consider it to be "non-free". (On Debian vrms will keep listing it as "non-free", though.)


Is there an additional set of information that references more than the man page?

Sometimes you can find more help with chkconfig --help, info chkconfig, or apropos chkconfig.

On this, if you compare the man page for chkconfig on Ubuntu with any other, you'll see that the --level switch seems to have been replaced with the --set switch. While chkconfig on Ubuntu may still use the --level switch, it is not given in the man page, or it is an alias to the --set switch. (The Ubuntu-native equivalent is the update-rc.d command.)


Legacy support should be enabled in BIOS. Go to boot options (machine specific method) and select the non UEFI Ubuntu entry to boot (after inserting installation media). If you see a pinkish screen, you have booted in BIOS mode. If you see grub boot loader in black background, means that you have booted in UEFI mode.


Cannot change sceen brightness / Intel + Nvidia GPUs / Ubuntu 18.04 + 20.04

I could find the solution thanks to elmclose comment
I had to change the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= in /etc/default/grub
I originaly  added acpi_osi=linux and acpi_backlight=vendor to the line
Changing from acpi_backlight=vendor to acpi_backlight=video worked for me
Save the file, run sudo update-grub, reboot, it should work just fine now


I imagine this question might attract many different answers.

Out of top of my head, one trick is to save some writes by disabling atime. It's the time of last access to a file, by default it's usually set to relatime, which is better in terms of performance than atime. But, you can further improve it by disabling completely through noatime option. E.g.:

$ grep noatime /etc/fstab
UUID=9b5e4b95-46b1-4f54-aa07-9de91e01cbf2 /             ext4            rw,noatime,data=ordered 0 0


Cedarview Video Driver Doesn't work with Intel DN2800MT Motherboard

I faced the same problem a few minutes ago. The problem is with the PAE linux kernel.

This should fix it:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic
sudo apt-get remove linux-headers-.*generic-pae linux-image-.*generic-pae


How To Get Dodge Windows And Minimize On Click For Unity In Ubuntu 13.10

You can hit this command...

but the first you have to have ccsm..

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ikarosdev/unity-revamped
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

enjoy


15.10 Reinstall Failed did Clean Install

You have to install all the applications again, because you only installed  the basic Ubuntu system. Additional applications you had installed on your previous system are still missing, because /home only contains your users' settings, but no system-wide settings or applications.

When you copy back the /home folder, the settings for the new installed applications are already set though.


How do I disable the alt-right click keyboard binding?

It's in CCSM ▸ General ▸ General options ▸ Key bindings ▸ "Window Menu" ( Alt + Button3)

Because disabling it does not work (at least in 12.04 and 12.10, probably earlier versions too), you will need to change the shortcut to something else, like Super + Button3.

Warning - You should be very careful when using ccsm; see this question for details.


Just plugging an SD card into a computer isn't going to magically increase the size of the root file system (unless it is in RAID 0 (or some combination of RAID 0)). This doesn't mean that you can't still use the SD card to store things on your computer, however. You need to move some of your files (such as documents, videos, pictures, etc.) to the SD card. You can see how to do this here.

You cannot install Steam to any drive other than your root hard drive.


Moving Ubuntu from one computer to another

If you wanted an alternate solution to using the script provided in the comments, remastersys might be a good option. Wubi installs are small (remastersys won't work if the image it creates is more than 4gb). I'd install remastersys as per the instructions on their webpage in the wubi install. I would however change the working directory to somewhere on a larger partition, such as your windows partition

To do that select customise

then configure

then change the workdir

Once thats done go back to the main screen and hit backup - this will generate an ISO in your workdir. Burn or use wubi to boot, then install as per normal


How to install Ubuntu 14.04 on an external HDD?

The following steps will make it easiest for you and the entire family:

Hook up the external HDD you're going to install Ubuntu on.
Go to the BIOS and set the following boot priority:

CD/DVD-ROM
External HDD
Internal HDD

Boot a live CD, and follow the instructions from the Ubuntu.com site

Now your system is set up and:

If anyone of your family boots the computer, they'll boot into XP
if you hook up the HDD to the computer before booting, it'll boot Ubuntu

Why not booting from USB?  Apparently you've never done this before and USB disks are recognised as "hard disks" under Ubuntu.  More chance of failure.  (but feel free to use the following correct instructions to put Ubuntu on a USB stick anyway and not listen to my advice)


How can I  map the right Super key to open a specific appindicator's menu?

You can customise your desktop Icons and Settings, Windows placement and Focus and change Panel attributes. It even has the "fly-out" menu setting you were asking about.

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager python-compizconfig compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-bcop compiz-fusion-plugins-main compizconfig-backend-gconf

Compiz


The entries to /etc/hosts are not "inclusive", so your addition of example.loc does not include www.example.loc (or any other subdomain) as well. So, your browser tries to find www.example.loc the usual way, which is by asking the name server(s) you have configured. But of course no nameserver knows anything about this domain. Your local Apache never gets into action this way ;)

As an additional remark, adding names to /etc/hosts this way might bring problems in another regard as well. The line 127.0.0.1 example.loc will probably override the line 127.0.0.1 localhost, so you might get problems resolving localhost. You can assign several names to an ip in one line, so the proper way would be

127.0.0.1 localhost example.loc www.example.loc


Cannot disable CPU Throttling on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

You are probably being bit by the thermald.

Here is a copy of a post I made on the issue concerning linux Mint 18:

"If you have a high performance and/or gaming PC you really need to set the default temperature used by Thermal Daemon to something higher than 55
°C (131 °F). The example temperature in the config file is 75°C (167 °F), but some brilliant soul decided that the default for all PCs should be one temp of 55 °C. When processing videos with Handbrake I can hit 89 °C with all 8 threads at 100%. When you reach 55°C thermald starts throttling your PC which means it is going to take that much longer to get anything done. The hotter you get the more aggressive the method it uses to slow you down. I have had it literally do a hard lock up of my desktop it became so aggressive. The config file is in /etc/thermald/thermal-conf.xml."

"Look for the first  line. Change 55000 (55 °C) to something higher like 75000 (75 °C). 75 °C is the default in the example section of the config file. I personally set it to 90000 (90 °C). In all of my days as a computer user and repairman I have never seen a cpu be damaged by heat. Basically at 100 °C your cpu locks up (in Windows you get a blue screen). Unless your overclocking I just don't see the need for the thermald at all. However, uninstalling it doesn't fix the issue as your kernel appears to have a built in module to do the same thing. Raising the default temp is the best course if you want your PC to operate at its best performance."

"I upgraded my laptop cpu from an i7-4810mq to a i7-4940mx extreme edition cpu which operates at 3.1ghz normal and 3.8ghz quad turbo. Before changing the default temp my machine would turbo to 3.2ghz and 3.6ghz tops. After changing the default temp it now maxes out at the top turbo of 3.8ghz."

UPDATE!!!!!!!!!!!

I would like to add an update to my post on throttling cpus.
Instead of changing the temp that thermald throttles at I now do the following...

Remove thermald:

  sudo apt purge thermald

According to the makers for thermald is was designed for cell phones which have NO cooling system at all. It was not made to run on laptops or desktops. On a laptop or desktop it will hurt performance. For me it caused even up to a full hard lockup.

Blacklist throttling technologies - add the 3 lines to the file:

  sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-throttling.conf

blacklist intel_powerclamp
blacklist intel_rapl
blacklist intel_rapl_perf

save and exit nano with ctrl+o and then ctrl+x.

Update all your ramdisks for all kernels:

  sudo update-initramfs -u -k all

Test:
reboot and make sure thermald is not running and none of the above intel throttling modules are running either.

  lsmod | grep -i intel

Results:
For the very time since I bought a gaming laptop and upgraded to a intel i7 4940mx I got the max speed of the laptop during heavy loads.
I tested using handbrake, blender, and other heavy load software.
While running i7z (sudo i7z) to view cpu speeds and turbo speeds there was no drop in speed due to throttling.


Installing Kubuntu 18 over Ubuntu 14, I'm told I need an EFI partition on early MacBook

UEFI systems require an ESP (EFI System Partition) to boot, however Legacy/BIOS does not require ESP. You will need to find out whether your machine boots via UEFI or BIOS (Google search may help?). If you need an ESP, and the installer will not create one for you, it should be around 500MB in size. This being said, if the installer says you need an ESP, it is most likely correct.


This fixed it for me:

sudo apt-get uninstall gdm
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm


How to install unity desktop over gnome?

Open the terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) and run the following command:
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-unity-desktop

Then log out, and before you log in, you should be able to change the desktop enviroment.


Every USB device? Use this simple line in /etc/udev/rules.d/100-usb.rules

ACTION=="add", RUN+="/bin/mkdir /tmp/folder1"

and restart udev

sudo service udev restart

This is expendable

ATTRS{idVendor}=="****", ATTRS{idProduct}=="****",


Installing Ubuntu on External Hard Drive - UEFI

I believe the installer now works with secure boot on. If not, the installed Ububtu will. So, turn secure boot back on after installing.

If you want the external to be bootable in any computer, then you have to make an EFI partition on it. Select something else for install to be sure the installer uses the external ESP not the internal. The EFI partition should be 500 MB, formated FAT, and flagged ESP.

If it will only be used on this computer, then using the internal drives EFI partition is preferable. Grub will require that the drive be connected so it can find it's config file. Though if you use the previous setup, it can be made so the computer automatically boots linux when the drive is connected or windows when not by setting boot order.

a separate /boot partition is unnecessary, and can cause problems if made too small

Edit:

  as per Microsoft Secure Boot Documentation --- After disabling Secure Boot and installing other software and hardware, it may be difficult to re-activate Secure Boot without restoring your PC to the factory state

What this means is:

If you turn off secure boot in order to install low level software (such as drivers) in Windows, then turn secure boot on, Windows may not boot if the software is not signed by Microsoft.


Cannot start Webex session. Java permission issue?

I encountered the same problem and discovered the solution.

The problem is that the Webex Java applet is incompatible with Java 7 update 51.  The java update tightened the security controls on Java web applets and the version of the Webex java applet that both you and I are using isn't yet updated to meet those tightened security controls.

Until the version of the Webex java applet that we are using gets updated, there is a work-around. You can open the "Oracle Java 7 Web Start" control panel that should have gotten installed in Ubuntu with Java 7 and change one or both of the following settings in the "Security" tab:
a) Change the Security Setting from High to Medium OR
b) Add the https address of your webex server to the "Exception Site List". For example if the URL to your WebEx server is https://foobar.webex.com then put "https://foobar.webex.com" in the "Exception Site List".

Once you do one of those two things Webex should work for you again. It works for me now.


Is there a text editor for html files that actually breaks down the content of the file into openable columns?

You need a plugin for Gedit for this to work and you can find one here. But I used that 2 years ago for the last time and we did switch to Gedit 3 after this plugin was introduced. Might not work(...). No answer here: Code folding plug-in for gedit 3.2.1? so it is not widely used or not working.

I myself have made the switch over to Aptana. It has folding for CSS and HTML and alot more. Any other coding style based editor will have folding incorporated.  Some I used and know about: Eclipse and Kate (Kate is K so does not integrate as well).


What does ":" (colon) operator in a bash variable expansion: VAR=${TEMP:3}?

This is variable expansion and works like this (notice this is only bash and ksh specific and will not work in a POSIX shell):

$ x=1234567890
$ echo ${x:3}
4567890
$ echo ${x:7}
890
$ echo ${x:3:5}
45678

${var:pos} means that the variable var is expanded, starting from offset pos.
${var:pos:len} means that the variable var is expanded, starting from offset pos with length len.


If you wish to disable the internal wireless device, please open a terminal and do:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist iwl3945"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
modprobe -r iwl3945
exit

You should be all set.


davfs user group for remote directory mount

When you installed davfs2 it should have created the group, so I think the issue is your not a member of the group

 sudo adduser username davfs2

Then log out and in again.

Edit

So it seems they have made some changes on their end. This is how I was able to get it setup and working

 sudo apt-get install davfs2

Then create a mount point

 sudo mkdir /media/user@box.com

Here is where the difference is

To mount the drive you need to run the command

  sudo mount -t davfs https://dav.box.com /media/user@box.com

It will then prompt you for your username and then your password

You should now be mounted.

You can verify this by the fact that you receive no error message and if you run

 df -h

you should see

 https://dav.box.com   10G     0   10G   0% /media/user@box.com

Edit 2

Don't forget to chown the mount point to user, otherwise you will need to use sudo. Substitute user:user with your own Ubuntu username

 sudo chown -R user:user /media/user@box.com

I got an error

 chown: changing ownership of ‘user@box.com/lost+found’: Invalid argument

but it did change ownership of user@box.com as well as user@box.com/dav (the upload directory)

Edit 3

Just in case you need. You can add your password to secrets file so don't need to enter all the time. Plus this will also make it easier to auto mount with fstab.

 sudo nano /etc/davfs/secrets

add the following to the end of the file

 https://dav.box.com/dav username password

Now if you want the drive auto mounted at startup (I'm sure you do) you just need to add the following to

 sudo nano /etc/fstab

 https://dav.box.com/dav /media/user@box.com  davfs  _netdev,rw,user 0 0

If you still have the drive mounted go ahead and unmount it by using

 sudo umount /media/user@box.com

Now you can verify that the mount will auto mount at start by running

 sudo mount -a

and then

 df -h

to verify you see

 https://dav.box.com/dav   10G     0   10G   0% /media/user@box.com

If this works for you, please be sure to mark the answer as accepted so we both get credit and more importantly, so the next person that comes along knows it's a working solution.


How to install drivers from the "tar.gz" package?

In order to use the driver iwlwifi you have to install the package backport-iwlwifi-dkms.


I'm not sure if this helps you but there is a terminal command for shutting down your computer.

sudo shutdown -P now

You have to be root to do so, that's why the sudo. shutdown is the command you would like to preform, -P is the option in shutdown to power off once it's complete, and now states that you would like to shutdown the computer now. I hope this helps you a little. I am like you and know  a little about ubuntu but I am still learning.


The answer is in Enable Ctrl+Alt+F1 Virtual Consoles in GNOME (Ubuntu 17.04+)
The solution of modify /etc/systemd/logind.conf, uncomment NAutoVTs=6 and restart.
Also, check /etc/default/console-setup, the line: ACTIVE_CONSOLES="/dev/tty[1-6]"
works on 20.04 LTS, but a reboot is required -- a systemctl as further in the answer I found locks the GUI Xwindow screen, requiring a reboot, at least when I just tried it as root.


Is amd64 the only 64-bit version of Ubuntu 12.04 LTS desktop?

http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64

amd64 em64t x86_64 mean all same.
For linux distro derived from debian use amd64 since origin(drbian) chose to use it.


How to recover Ubuntu from bad Gnome remove?

Run

sudo apt-get -f install

to retry the installation of packages.


what is the difference between fglrx & Ati official drivers?

The AMD Catalyst drivers are called fglrx on Linux.

But depending on your graphics card and the task you want to do you might not need them as the Xserver drivers are fine too.


Run:

sudo apt-get --purge remove skypeforlinux


Ideal space for partition to install Ubuntu

I would be inclined to give Ubuntu about 20 to 25GB max if you only have 28GB free.

Make sure you defragment the hard drive using Windows first.

There is no need to manually partition the drive, from the Ubuntu installer select 'install alongside windows' and you will then be able to change the recommended partition size using a slider.


You can adjust your default boot order with the efibootmgr command in a Terminal window. Specifically, use the -v option to see the options that are available and then use the -o option to change the order. The whole process might look something like this:

$ sudo efibootmgr -v
BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 1 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0009,000D,0003,0001,0002,0004
Boot0000* rEFInd Boot Manager   HD(1,800,112800,a8d39218-44ce-455b-8735-919754df131d)File(\EFI\refind\refind_x64.efi)
Boot0001* UEFI:CD/DVD Drive BIOS(81,0,00)
Boot0002* UEFI:Removable Device BIOS(82,0,00)
Boot0003* UEFI: Built-in EFI Shell  Vendor(5023b95c-db26-429b-a648-bd47664c8012,)..BO
Boot0004* UEFI:Network Device   BIOS(83,0,00)
Boot0009* UEFI OS   HD(1,800,112800,a8d39218-44ce-455b-8735-919754df131d)File(\EFI\BOOT\BOOTX64.EFI)..BO
Boot000D* ubuntu    HD(1,800,112800,a8d39218-44ce-455b-8735-919754df131d)File(\EFI\UBUNTU\GRUBX64.EFI)..BO
$ sudo efibootmgr -o D,9,0

Of course, your details will be different. The computer from which I cut-and-pasted this output has no Shim binary installed, so there's no such option here. You'll have to look for the Shim binary you're launching and set it first. You may optionally include other values as fallbacks. In fact, if there's an entry for Windows or some other OS that boots successfully, it's best to include it in the list so that it will boot even if Shim fails for some reason (say, if its file is accidentally deleted).


Stopped on initramfs prompt after reinstalling "initramfs-tools-core"

Had a similar issue:

Boot into recovery mode.
Restart the computer and when the screen light comes on, press and hold the shift key. Select  advance option, then select recovery mode.

The displayed content on the screen will tell you the disk that needs manual fsck.
For example, you'll see /dev/sdaX needs manual fcsk

Run fsck /dev/sdaX
X in sdaX is the disk number (See an example below).
fsck /dev/sda5

Run reboot -f to reboot

You should be good to go.


How to configure cgminer to mine with the CPU?

Man, the latest version have'nt support for cpuming, until version 2.11.4 adding --enable-cpumining  when you call ./configure
 Better use bfgminer

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:unit3/bfgminer

then:

sudo apt-get update

Finally:

sudo apt-get install bfgminer

and configure,

More Info at my blog (spanish)


Is running Windows 7 in VirtualBox on Ubuntu comparable to Windows 7 alone?

VirtualBox Gaming is in general not a good experience. You wont have the great 3D support that you desire and applications that require a lot of resources will lag. Some games will probably work, like minecraft and minesweeper. Heavy games like GTA IV will not work

Checkout Gaming with Virtualbox, has it worked for you?


digiKam 4.14.0 cannot download photos from my PTP camera in Kubuntu 16.10

For some reason digiKam for Kubuntu 16.10 was built without the library libgphoto2 and because of that PTP cameras are not supported.

Until digiKam supports PTP cameras again gtkam can be used instead.

A way to check if PTP cameras are supported by the build of digiKam you are using is to check the shared object dependencies of the digikam binary with this command:

ldd /usr/bin/digikam | grep gph

The digikam binary inside digikam_4.12.0-0ubuntu7_amd64.deb has the following matches:

$ ldd digikam | grep gph
    libgphoto2_port.so.12 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgphoto2_port.so.12 (0x00007fadff8dd000)
    libgphoto2.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgphoto2.so.6 (0x00007fadff658000)

The digikam binary inside digikam_4.14.0-4ubuntu6_amd64.deb has no matches:

$ ldd digikam | grep gph
$

A bug report is available on Launchpad.


Most probably you need to clean the workspace. Try to rename you eclipse's workspace folder and start eclipse. It should ask you for workspace location before loading any plugins.


dpkg package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 2 on 18.04

I find how to solve this question. It's caused by the "ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive"  in Dockerfile.

To install the ubuntu-18.04 we should set the package in the mode of noninteractive
To install the adi_xxx.deb package we should set the event in the mode of interactive.

So The correct Dockerfile:

RUN apt-get -y update
RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y -q install net-tools build-essential minicom tftpd-hpa git-all subversion openssh-server ncurses-dev php gawk g++ m4 libncurses5-dev texinfo flex bison php-cli vim php-xml python-setuptools python-dev unzip rsync cpio bc lib32z1 lib32stdc++6 lib32ncurses5

The wrong Dockerfile:

EVN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
RUN apt-get -y update
RUN apt-get -y -q install net-tools build-essential minicom tftpd-hpa git-all subversion openssh-server ncurses-dev php gawk g++ m4 libncurses5-dev texinfo flex bison php-cli vim php-xml python-setuptools python-dev unzip rsync cpio bc lib32z1 lib32stdc++6 lib32ncurses5

Note:
Do not use the command "ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive" in configuring the Dockerfile this is definitely not a reasonable default, and setting it via ENV should be actively discouraged, Refer to https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/4032


From the man page:

  Here is an example session with fakeroot.  Notice that inside the
  fake  root  environment file manipulation that requires root
  privileges succeeds, but is not really happening.(...)
  Only the effects that user joost could do anyway happen for real.

So, I guess the userid you are using only has rights to change the 'group' and 'other' settings and these changes are 'really' executed.


If I intend to use Hadoop is there a difference in 12.04 LTS 64 Desktop and Server?

Last I recall, Ubuntu desktop and Ubuntu server are, at their core, the same. The only major differences lie in the installer (server edition is a low-graphics/text installer with the option to install packages common to servers, such as Apache, PHP, and MySQL for a web server; while desktop is a graphical installer aimed at typical users), and the desktop stack or lack thereof (server is what's known as a "headless" install, meaning it doesn't come with a desktop stack and can only be accessed through command line; desktop, of course, comes with Gnome/Unity). This equivalence also extends to the repositories - both desktop and server edition have access to the same repositories, and anything that works for Ubuntu desktop will work for Ubuntu server (save for GUI applications, which will need the proper libraries and whatnot, but they still work, provided you install the libraries).

For server setups of any sort, it's recommended to run the server version, because the desktop stack takes up a fair chunk of resources that are better left for the tasks the server is designed to do. A full headless system, though, requires you to be comfortable with command line. However, if you really want a graphical interface to work with, I still recommend starting with the server edition, then install a lightweight desktop stack, such as OpenBox or XFCE. That way, you're using as few resources as necessary for the convenience of having a desktop, and you only install on an as-needed basis, instead of starting with a bunch of unneeded stuff that you then have to try to rip out (it's easier to build up than tear down in this case).


From the terminal

rm -rf ~/.wine

You can also do the same from Nautilus. Open your home and press Ctrl+h, locate the folder .wine and delete it. Dont forget to empty your trash bin if you use this method.

Both methods will delete your Wine bottles and everything in them, beware if you have any documents or anything you want to save inside a bottle.


Ubuntu 12.10 with kernel 3.5.0-18 failing to boot

You have a real problem, and it sounds like the system upgrade did not work well on your system. As a temporary solution, you can just uninstall the 3.5.0-18 kernel.

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-3.5.0-18-*

As a more permanent solution, you may need to reinstall your system fresh as Ubuntu 12.10. You can keep running the old kernel as long as you want, it won't hurt your system at all, but it will probably keep trying to upgrade.


Error when trying to install drivers for TP-LINK AC600 T2U

The errors listed simply indicate that the circa-2013 driver is too old to compile on your modern 4.10.0-xx kernel. In fact, having tried many different versions of mt7610u from github and other sources, I am unaware of any driver that compiles successfully and then works; that is, connects and pulls web pages, emails, etc.

I regret that I can offer no better solution.


First of all it's not enough to just add "nouveau" to blacklist. You also need to update initrd:

update-initramfs -k all -u

This will update it for all kernels, but you can also update only kernel you currently running:

update-initramfs -u -k `uname -r`

Also if you planning to use QEMU with VFIO and not legacy "pci-assign" then with kernel 4.1 or newer it's possible to bind devices directly to VFIO-PCI driver:

vfio-pci.ids=1002:6719,1002:aa80

So you don't need to use pci-stub anymore. Of course don't forget that you need to update grub configuration once you saved /etc/default/grub:

update-grub


Wifi does not wake up when using Hybrid suspend in Ubuntu 14.04.2

My solution is to create an executable script that connects my computer to wifi/lan after suspend. The script name and folder is /etc/systemd/system/net-resume.service, with the following contents:

[Unit]
Description=Local system resume actions
After=suspend.target
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/bin/systemctl restart network-manager.service
[Install]
WantedBy=suspend.target

Then run the command:

sudo systemctl enable net-resume.service


It looks like there's some question about how big the disk is. This type of problem usually occurs for one of three reasons:

You've got a hardware RAID array and you've added a disk to the array. If this is the case, you can tell parted to fix the problem (at the prompt you quoted and cancelled out of).
Your motherboard supports its own software-based RAID configuration, and this was active when the disk was partitioned, despite the fact that you've got just one disk. This results in the OS (probably Windows) thinking that the disk is smaller than it is. This works fine so long as you're in any OS that honors the software-based RAID setup. If you've booted Linux with such support disabled, though, Linux will see the entire disk, and the problem you report appears. The solution is to bring the two OSes into sync, either by activating the relevant type of RAID support in Linux or by disabling it in the firmware and in Windows. For a single-disk setup, I recommend the latter option, although that means you'll still see the error message in parted. Once the motherboard-based software RAID support is disabled, though, you can tell parted to fix it and everything should be fine. (You may also need to type sudo dmraid -E -r /dev/sda to erase the errant RAID metadata.)
Something has set a Host Protected Area (HPA) on the disk, but one of your OSes doesn't honor the HPA. You can check for this in Linux by typing sudo hdparm -N /dev/sda; you should get a report that specifies whether the HPA is active or disabled. How to proceed if you find this depends on why the HPA was active to begin with and what OS is not honoring it.

Unless you know you've got a hardware RAID array, I recommend checking for an HPA first, since the results of the hdparm command should be pretty definitive. If there's no HPA, you can then focus on figuring your your software RAID settings and, once you understand them, bringing your two OSes into line.


Why is .profile is not sourced when choosing "Open in Terminal" in context menu?

The nautilus-open-terminal extension runs the terminal with a command:

/* interactive shell */
command = g_strdup_printf ("cd %s && exec $SHELL", quoted_path);

So that particular terminal preference will be ignored, since the terminal is not starting a shell, but running a command. It doesn't look like you can change it without modifying the source.


gEdit problem with color of selected text

Find the solution myself:

It was a style (theme) problem. Checked again using the default theme and this behave as expected. So I inspected carefully the other themes and found that not all those themes had this problem.

The solution was to edit the theme's code (twilight.xml) to insert the following lines:

<style name="selection" background="orange" />
<style name="selection-unfocused" foreground="white" background="gray" />

By the way, the location of the themes in gEdit 3 differ from gEdit 2. Here it is:

~/.local/share/gtksourceview-3.0/styles/

You can create the directory yourself if it doesn't exist. Further info on style paths here:
http://live.gnome.org/GtkSourceView/StyleSchemes


Problems Encountered While Updating From 11.10 to 12.04

Run do-release-upgrade in a terminal

Check here!
This links describes how to upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04.

How do I upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu?


I'm putting the output you provided for reference here:

sudo blkid

/dev/sda1: LABEL="ubroot" UUID="d9007a77-fa58-4282-8eb0-eb71328965eb" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda2: LABEL="ubhome" UUID="25bcc4cd-6baa-449f-bbbf-889b4637f645" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda3: LABEL="ubdata" UUID="edd58b38-c30c-41fb-9f73-c827b175523e" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda4: UUID="0da8e621-d564-44a7-aeda-e52d175ed6f3" TYPE="swap"
/dev/zram0: UUID="ba2e2409-7a9e-4c77-9f49-43a0052adba7" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sr1: LABEL="AHA Dialer" TYPE="iso9660"

cat /etc/fstab

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
proc            /proc           proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0       0
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=d9007a77-fa58-4282-8eb0-eb71328965eb /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /home was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=25bcc4cd-6baa-449f-bbbf-889b4637f645 /home           ext4    defaults        0       2
# /gudang di /dev/sda3 oleh apg
UUID=edd58b38-c30c-41fb-9f73-c827b175523e /gudang         ext4    defaults        0        2
# swap was on /dev/sda4
UUID=0da8e621-d564-44a7-aeda-e52d175ed6f3 none            swap    sw              0       0

Your fstab looks correct given the available filesystems.

I've read a bit on the problem mountall is trying to solve and it looks to be utilized by plymouth (graphical boot splash) to fsck and mount partitions and swap devices "when they become available".

I've checked the contents of an intramfs images generated on a fresh install of 12.04 and I couldn't find any references to mountall, so I assume that it is invoked after mounting your root partition and there are references to it in /etc/init/mountall*.

If cat /proc/swaps shows /dev/sda4 as being used and mount shows all partitions defined in /etc/fstab mounted (as you confirmed), I don't think you have much to worry about.

Unfortunately I'm not sure at which point in the code this message "event failed" is generated (I've only briefly looked at mountall's code). I've seen someone "fix" this issue by disabling, recreating and enabling the swap partition.

I'd try that just in case it is corrupted (and it doesn't hurt anyway, as long as /dev/sda4 is indeed your swap partition) by running:

sudo swapoff -a
sudo mkswap -l swap /dev/sda4
sudo blkid | grep swap

and adding the new swap UUID to /etc/fstab (or rather, replacing the existing UUID)

PS. I've noticed /dev/zram0 being configured as a swap device but I haven't researched what is actually its purpose.


can't enable prompt color in bash terminal

I guess, you don't have set a colour to your prompt. You can do this with the following syntax:
\e[x;ym $PS1 \e[m

\e[ : Start colour scheme.
x;y : Colour pair to use (x;y)
$PS1 : Your shell prompt variable.
\e[m : Stop colour scheme.

To set a red colour prompt, type the following command:

export PS1="\e[0;31m[\u@\h \W]\$ \e[m "

add it to your .bashrc to make it permanent.

Here is a list of available colours:

Colour  Code
Black   0;30
Blue    0;34
Green   0;32
Cyan    0;36
Red     0;31
Purple  0;35
Brown   0;33
Blue    0;34
Green   0;32
Cyan    0;36
Red     0;31
Purple  0;35
Brown   0;33

Note: You need to replace digit 0 with 1 to get light colour version. refer to this tutorial for more info. You may also take a look at this very good german explanation


I can't find the software drivers from Additional Drivers for Lenovo IdeaPad Z510

According to the Lenovo Z510 Tech Specs your laptop has either the Intel HD 4000 Graphics or the Intel HD 4600 Graphics. Both of them use the built-in graphics drivers that are included in the Ubuntu installation media. There have been some questions on Ask Ubuntu about problems with the Intel HD 4000 Graphics on older releases of Ubuntu. If this happens to you, you should consider installing the latest version of Ubuntu. The next Long Term Support version of Ubuntu is Ubuntu 14.04 (which was released in April 14.04 and will be supported by updates until April 2019).


How long before Ubuntu version no longer works?

Never.

Smart to keep running an unsupported operating system? Well that totally depends on the use case.

Security wise of course it is not a good idea since updates will cease so  using an unsupported operating system will increase holes in software that could be abused.

Now let's assume you have no internet on a system. Not directly and not indirectly. If that is the case even using 4.06    is possible.

By the way: your way of working needs evaluating ;)

If I was you I would have started those projects in such a way that an update would not mess with it. For instance: install all software you needed for our in /opt so you could copy/paste it into a new version of your operating system, or use virtual box or, VMware to install on operating system and work from there. There are several ways to keep your software working and being able to keep your system up to date.


connect it via USB
sytem settings -> Printers -> Add -> ricoh sp 211su ->"Generic" -> "PCL 6/PCL XL"

(Follow Recommended options)


How to type anything in Location Toolbar of Krusader

This was solved by forcing Krusader to create a new configuration file by renaming the file "~/.config/krusaderrc". See Krusader window too wide - can't be changed


From man clamscan:

--max-filesize=#n
Extract and scan at most #n kilobytes from each archive. You may pass the value in megabytes in format xM or xm, where x is a number. This option protects your system against DoS attacks (default: 25 MB, max: <4 GB)
--max-scansize=#n
Extract and scan at most #n kilobytes from each scanned file. You may pass the value in megabytes in format xM or xm, where x is a number. This option protects your system against DoS attacks (default: 100 MB, max: <4 GB)

The max-filesizeand max-scansize options for clamscan accept a number, interpreted as KB, or a number followed by M, interpreted as MB. It does not know GB, so you will have to write that as 1024M.


Ubuntu 18.04. How to set language (keyboard layout) change to Ctrl+Shift?

Install Tweaks (package: gnome-tweaks). Then use Tweaks to set an alternative layout switcher.


The Ubuntu system files are stored at:
C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Local\Lxss\rootfs

Your Ubuntu user account’s home folder is stored at:
C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Local\Lxss\home\USERNAME

The root account’s home folder is stored at:
C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Local\Lxss\root

I hope it helps you


How to allow snap applications to access /tmp folder?

It seems you may be looking for the "proper" way to solve the issue caused with snaps...
but if you were looking for a workaround so you can use your tmp directory, you could:
mkdir /home/you/tmp
sudo mount --bind /tmp /home/you/tmp/

mdl will have full access to the /tmp directory via the /home/you/tmp mountpoint:
echo "# header" > /home/you/tmp/test.md
mdl /home/you/tmp/test.md

To make it permanent you can add this line to the /etc/fstab:
 # <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
/tmp        /home/you/tmp   auto    bind    0   3

and rebuild the initrd with sudo update-initramfs -u -k all .


duplicity man page states

duplicity list-current-files [options] [--time time] target_url

and for local file backends (section URL Format)

Local file path
file://[relative|/absolute]/local/path

so

duplicity list-current-files file:///media/sdb1/mybkup

should work fine. doesn't it? ..ede/duply.net


How to run Ubuntu alongside other OS on laptop

You first need to get an .iso from Ubuntu, then write in onto a flash drive (not copy it). After you boot from the flash drive, go to the option to install Ubuntu. Once you do that, it will give you the option to install alongside your current OS.


Xubuntu 13.10 64bit - Slow and buggy "log out" process?

You are not alone... This is a confirmed bug and I must add a VERY annoying bug.

In theory it has been fixed by late 2013 but at least in my case, even after update/upgrade my box was still displaying the same behaviour.

In my case the only way of fixing it was to follow the work-around documented under the same bug:

Comment xubuntu in /etc/upstart-xsessions and voilà!


Middle click with touchpad on Ubuntu 16.04

The easiest way is to install libinput. If you are using hwe-16.04 stack, it can be done by

sudo apt install xserver-xorg-input-libinput-hwe-16.04

"Tap to click" is disabled by default in the Ubuntu 16.04 by default in libinput. You can enable it.

Run in a terminal

sudo -H gedit /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/60-libinput.conf

and add

Option "Tapping" "true"

to the end of the touchpad section.

In xorg-synaptics the multi-finger tapping is unstable in many cases.


Document's default location has been changed

One of the easiest, graphical ways is using ubuntu-tweak tool. Install ubuntu-tweak using:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

and then open ubuntu-tweak by typing "ubuntu tweak" on the dash. Then go to Admins -> User Folder. Here click on "Document" and then on "Change" and then choose the directory you want as your "Documents" folder.


Why complicate matters? Go back to a simple GRUB config.

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""


Bulk-convert Word Perfect to LibreOffice Format?

unoconv (or on github)

It is packaged, you can install it via:

(Debian/Ubuntu-based)

apt install unoconv

(...or RedHat-based, wrong forum I know)

yum install unoconv

Then run:

unoconv -f odt file1.wps file2.wps ... fileN.wps

Extra info:

Check the list of possible formats (wps is listed):

unoconv --show

unoconv can run standalone or as a listening service. I use it as a listening service for on-the-fly pdf conversion for an internal doc management tool. I'm happy to provide a systemd unit file if that's of interest to you, but probably overkill for your current needs.

Regarding the Metadata query:

I'm out of my depth here, you will definitely get new file access/modify/change times with unoconv, perhaps this thread can help you out though:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40630695/linux-modify-file-modify-access-change-time


CPU capped at 400MHz when the lid is closed

It looks like MSI has done a really good job preventing us from getting the max performance when the LID is close.
After try:

Disabling thermald.
Disabling acpi (which should prevent LID button from working at all).
Disabling intel_pstates module and use acpi-cpufreq instead.
Installing Windows and confirm that behaves the same way.

I would say that the issue is not related to Linux, perhaps there is anything on the ucode or UEFI that causes this issue.
Since getting the maximum performance when the lid is close was something mandatory for me, I decided to perform a hardware hack to disable LID sensor for good. (Perhaps this could have been done via software, playing with the BIOS, but I consider this even more dangerous than desoldering)
MSI designed this product this way for a good reason, but I really don't care. It was already in my plans to add some additional external FANs to the vertical support that I am using, so probably I should be fine with the temperature.
Be aware that what I have done invalidates your warranty and that requires some knowledge of electronics. If you decide to do the same, I will not take any responsibility on any damage you could cause.
First I had to disassembly the laptop (really carefully because mobo PCB is very thing an can get broken really easy).
Till I mange to see the motherboard from the keyboard side
Then I removed the SOT packaged IC label as U42 (hall sensor) that is on the Top-Right corner and joined together the pads that are NOT connected to GND
Edit: An even easier hardmod that can be done to acknowledged the same result is to remove the magnet that is on the screen bottom left corner.
The magnet is located under the plastic that surrounds the LCD on that corner. The plastic is glued but with your finger nails (it is better not to use anything else) you should be able to remove it (you don't need to remove all just that corner), then you can take the magnet with a small needle.


Question with connecting to Docker container on virtualized Ubuntu server

In my opinion, for your usage, you shouldn't have to dig in the madness of docker networking.

I would advice you to use port mapping when you run your container.

For example, say you have created an apache image in docker through your Dockerfile. When you want to run this container, use the -p option to map ports :

sudo docker run -d -p=80:80 -p=443:443 -P apache:latest

By doing this, the local port 80 will be mapped to the port 80 of this container.

So, by accessing http://127.0.0.1 in your browser you will access your container.

If the port 80 is already used locally, you can use for example the port 8080 : -p 8080:80 and then access http://127.0.0.1:8080.

If you have multiple projects, you can use multiple ports or use virtualhosts inside your apache container and use dns alias in /etc/hosts of the hosts.


Do you hear the login dialog sound while the black screen?

If yes:

There is a problem with the graphics driver.

If not:

Can someone help me to at least recover my files?
If the upgrade froze the files in your home directory should not be
touched.

So a way could be:

First:
Restart the installation process (you should backup your home directory before the reinstallation).

Second:
Check if all your files in the home directory are still there.
If not, Restore your files from the backup you made in the last step.


If lessc 1.3.0 is too old for you, the alternative is to use npm, the package manager for node.js modules. This leads to the second issue: the node.js packaged in Ubuntu only provides a "nodejs" binary, not "node". The "proper" way to fix this is to use Chris Lea's PPA to avoid using Ubuntu node packages entirely. If at some point your node.js is too old for your needs, use those PPAs. But for now the quick&dirty solution is to create a symbolic link from /usr/bin/node to /usr/bin/nodejs to be able to use packages from npm:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nodejs /usr/bin/node
Uninstall the Ubuntu lessc: sudo apt-get autoremove node-less.
install the latest less! sudo npm install -g less

The result:

$ lessc --version
lessc 1.3.3 (LESS Compiler) [JavaScript]


A better way would be to redirect the output of the command to /dev/null. That way, the command will 'be there' but will show no results.

Example: the ls command.

Make an alias
alias ls = "ls > /dev/null"
Running ls now will not show any results.

EDIT: Thanks to @scai
In the answer above, the command will still show errors because we have redirected stdout but not stderr plus a more serious issue, it will still run the command.

Quoting @scai:

  If the command in question does things you don't like, for example creating or deleting files, changing settings, painting your nose blue, then this alias won't stop it from doing these things.

For the workaround, we will just alias the command to an empty string, then just redirect the resulting error to /dev/null.

alias ls = "" > /dev/null 2>&1

That's much better now.

EDIT 2: Thanks to @scai again :-)
This is a temporary solution.
To revert back to the original function of the command (in our case ls), just run unalias ls.


How to unallocate a partition in Ubuntu using GPARTED?

Pick the "un mount" option (if the partition is mounted) and then pick the "delete" option in gparted. Mind that this is permanent and will remove anything on that partition. The partition will then be shown as "unallocated" ready to be added to any partition next to it.

Extra remark: it is best to not do this with a live gparted session but from Ubuntu itself as you need to unmount that partition and this will prevent you from unmounting your systems partition. Be sure to triple check you pick the correct partition and do make a backup of all your personal data.


I think NTFS (using ntfs-3g) does not support Unix permissions. Recording permissions is necessary in the home directory; several programs require correct permissions to function. For instance, for security reasons, OpenSSH requires ~/.ssh to have sufficiently restrictive permissions. If you try to store it on NTFS, it will lose the permissions, causing SSH to fail.


Ubuntu unable to connect to specific networks

You could try to restart the network service at first. Had this myself with the Schoolnetwork and for me that worked. I have dual booted KDE Neon and Windows.

sudo service network-manager restart

When that does not work right away, maybe you try to reconnect completely afterwards.


How to install Ubuntu on different partition from Windows 10

Ubuntu on different partition than Windows
It's not possible to install two Operating Systems on one partition.  Either you replace it on the partition where you have a different OS by choosing that partition for your install, or you Create a new partition and install the different OS on the new partition.
You mentioned that you know how to create a partition.  So perform that step and install the different OS on the partition you create for it.
The Installation
Installing Ubuntu is a very seamless operation.  Just boot to the install DVD or the USB installer.  You'll be prompted to either Install Ubuntu or Try Ubuntu.  Follow the prompts and it'll be installed on your system.
If you already have an Operating System, as in your case, when you run the installer the install options will include install

Alongside the current installed OS.  With this option the installer will bring up a slider and allow the user to determine how much space to leave for the current OS and allocate for Ubuntu.  With this option you don't have to create a partition.  The Installer will split the partition for you, having one for your current OS (Windows) and the other for Ubuntu.
Use the whole Disk for Ubuntu.  This option would clearly remove everything currently on the drive and replace it with Ubuntu.
Do Something else.  On this choice you will be given an option to select a partition where you want Ubuntu installed.  This would be the option you would choose for placing the OS on the new partition you mentioned in your Question that you know how to create.

Note
The installer will clearly notify with a confirmation prompt before making any changes to your system.  It'll tell you which changes will be made.
The process is probably easier done than said.
Official Install Steps with pictures:
https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-ubuntu-desktop


Is there any way to install Atheros e2400 drivers?

I am posting this from my Skylake MSI Z170A GAMING M5 build using my Killer E2400 on Ubuntu Gnome! Below are the (more or less) simple steps I used to get it working.

First we'll follow some instructions from Ubuntu

sudo apt-get build-dep linux-image-$(uname -r)
sudo apt-get install git
git clone git://kernel.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ubuntu-vivid.git

That git URL is for 15.04 Vivid Vervet. You would replace vivid with your release codename. That last step can take a little while, so relax and bask in the knowledge that your E2400 will soon be working.

Once that is finished, we'll modify the alx driver to include our E2400 (feel free to use your text editor of choice)

cd ubuntu-vivid/drivers/net/ethernet/atheros/alx/
sudo -H gedit reg.h

Find the line defining ALX_DEV_ID_E2200 (you can just search for E2200), and add this below it

#define ALX_DEV_ID_E2400                0xe0a1

Next,

sudo -H gedit main.c

Again, find E2200, and after the lines { PCI_VDEVICE(ATTANSIC, ALX_DEV_ID_E2200), .driver_data = ALX_DEV_QUIRK_MSI_INTX_DISABLE_BUG }, add

{ PCI_VDEVICE(ATTANSIC, ALX_DEV_ID_E2400),
  .driver_data = ALX_DEV_QUIRK_MSI_INTX_DISABLE_BUG },

Now, all that's left is to make and install the drivers

make -C /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build M=$(pwd) modules
sudo make -C /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build M=$(pwd) modules_install
sudo modprobe -r alx
sudo depmod
sudo modprobe -v alx

Note: You after executing the last line, you should see the module load from ...extra/alx.ko If you do not, you may need to rename the alx.ko that it did find to alx.ko.bak or something of the sort, and run the last three commands again.

Your E2400 should now appear for your networking enjoyment!


Downgrading Rhythmbox 2.99 to 2.97 without losing Playlists

The version you have manually compiled and installed as actually been installed into a system local folder - /usr/local/lib/rhythmbox - thus any binaries (executables) take precedence over your current v2.97 install which is in /usr/lib/rhythmbox

To uninstall your system-local version, you need to run the uninstall routine from the folder you initially extracted, compiled and installed in.

For example, lets say you extracted v2.99 in ~/Downloads/rhythmbox-2.99

cd ~/Downloads/rhythmbox-2.99
sudo make uninstall

This will remove all traces of the local version, leaving you with the default system version of rhythmbox that is still installed.

It is safe to do this, since your local playlists are stored in your home folder in the folder ~/.local/share/rhythmbox.  This is not touched when installing the newer version of rhythmbox.


What is the default file system of /var/run, /var/lock

They are all tmpfs file systems. Using -T shows the file system type:

$ df -hT
Filesystem    Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg0-root
          reiserfs     40G   15G   26G  36% /
none      devtmpfs    3.9G  340K  3.9G   1% /dev
none         tmpfs    3.9G  1.1M  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs        tmpfs    3.9G  680K  3.9G   1% /tmp
none         tmpfs    3.9G  452K  3.9G   1% /var/run
none         tmpfs    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /var/lock
none         tmpfs    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/md0      ext3    236M   59M  165M  27% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg0-home
          reiserfs     60G   58G  2.3G  97% /home


How can I get files back after moving them to the Documents folder in a live environment?

Unless the system on the USB flash drive was set up with persistence, files saved to the live system are only ever stored in memory, they are not actually saved to a disk anywhere, and so they disappear when you shut down or reboot.

That is, without persistence, a live USB works the same as a live CD or DVD. Saving files on the system running from it does not alter it, and those files are not preserved.

Where exactly are programs and files saved on a non-persistent live system?

You said you moved the files to the live system. Since the files were on a hard disk originally, moving them into the live filesystem actually consisted of two operations behind the scenes:

The files were copied to the live filesystem.
After the copying succeeded, the files were deleted at the source.

If you have backups, then the solution is simply to restore your documents from backups.

If they're not backed up and are important, then the solution is to attempt to undelete the files from the volume they were copied from. This is not guaranteed to succeed, but especially if you have not written to that disk since, you might actually be able to recover everything.

As with any data recovery operation, the most important rule is do not write to the disk that you need to recover data from. This runs a high risk of overwriting the data corresponding to the files. When a file is deleted, the data associated with it is rarely immediately destroyed. Instead, the locations on disk where the data are stored are made available for subsequent writes. Until something is written over your files, they may  be recoverable.

What some people don't realize is that if you have an operating system installed on a disk, just booting the installed OS performs numerous write operations and runs a high risk of overwriting the data from deleted files. Therefore,  you must not boot the OS installed on that drive until you've recovered any data you want to recover (or decided, for sure, not to do so). If you have booted from the drive, you might be able to recover data, but the chances are lower.

It is safe to boot from a live CD/DVD/USB when attempting to recover files from an NTFS partition. That doesn't automatically write to any NTFS volumes.

As for where to put the files when you've recovered them, although setting up a live USB with a persistent area is one option, I suggest you go the simpler route of plugging a separate external drive (which could be another USB flash drive) into the computer and storing the files there.

So, that's what happened. The obvious follow-up question, How do I actually attempt to undelete the files? is not inherently about Ubuntu -- they're on a Windows system -- and if you need help with that then you might be better served by a community with more Windows experts that actively solicits Windows-related questions, such as Super User.

However, some approaches to recovering the data can be done using Ubuntu, and those are on-topic for this site. Rather than jumping in immediately and trying things out with the hope they will work, I recommend you take a careful approach. Specifically:

Make sure you know how to avoid writing to the affected disk (or, more precisely, the affected partition).
Most techniques for undeleting files do not require that the partition be mounted, or even benefit from it being mounted. However, if for any reason you do mount the partition again before you're done recovering files, you should make sure that it is mounted read-only, and not read-write.

As for how to go about recovering the files, see:

DataRecovery, especially the section on NtfsProgs, though you might end up needing to use other methods from that page.
DataRecovery/NtfsUndelete, which gives the instructions you will likely end up using.
Recover accidentally removed files on NTFS partition
If you cannot undelete the files individually, then you may need to attempt more cumbersome methods. Unless you have experience recovering data, I recommend you ask for help well before that point. But you might eventually end up having to use (i.e., might benefit from) some of the techniques described in How do I recover my accidentally lost Windows partitions after installing Ubuntu?. Note that this is a very different situation from yours, and if you haven't written to the disk since moving files off it then your changes with undeletion may actually be pretty good. So don't start there; I'm instead mentioning it mainly because it's an important Ubuntu-related data recovery resource.

Finally, there are three things to keep in mind:

Don't write to the volume that contained the files, until you're done recovering data, because that can overwrite the contents of the deleted files. Yes, I've said it before, but I'm saying it again because it is so important.
While Ubuntu and other GNU/Linux systems are often used for recovering data from Windows systems, even by users who mainly use Windows, not all methods of doing so use Ubuntu. You may want to look into other methods. And certainly, not all methods are described here. The main focus of this answer is on explaining what happened and how to proceed in general.
If at all possible, use a supported release of Ubuntu. You said you're using Ubuntu 8.04. That release is really old and hasn't been supported for years! I'm not saying this contributed to your original problem -- non-persistent live media work the same in every release of Ubuntu -- but it's better to use a supported release of Ubuntu, especially for anything important like data recovery, if you choose to use Ubuntu for that.


This problem is due to the libstdc++ .
Delete the following files and the program should run just fine.

rm ./bin/libstdc++*

Then run your program

./bin/robo3t


Update:

I've received my replacement SSD but was still experiencing the same issues. It turned out that in my BIOS (gigabyte fx990 ud3 rev 4.0) OnChip SATA Port4/5 Type was set to IDE instead of as SATA type.

Only the Samsung 840 EVO had the problem being run as IDE.


That looks ok, nothing wrong with any of those logs. The driver installed normally.

To make sure that you are running the driver, after the installation, run sudo aticonfig --initial -f.

If there are not errors also there reboot and you should be done.

You did not include any information about your hardware, to check if that is supported visit this site.


unable to eject external USB drives 16.04

Use umount with Force option. if your device is/dev/sdb1, use:(to check usb type lsblk)

sudo umount -f /dev/sdb1

Edit :

 ls /media

and see if the drive shows there. If it does,

 sudo umount /media/drivename


As the error message said, the file /etc/acpi/fglrx-powermode.sh is part of both packages fglrx-core and fglrx.

You have two possibilities

Don't use the packages from a PPA or a downloaded deb if you don't know, how to use it

Or

Remove the officially package fglrx via

sudo apt-get remove fglrx


Ubuntu: encrypted remote desktop server?

It's already installed. Vino. Open the 'Desktop Sharing' dialogue to configure it.

In Ubuntu 14.04 some people seem to have issues with getting Vino to work with encryption, if that is the case you can disable the encryption with: gsettings set org.gnome.Vino require-encryption false

To still achieve encryption this way, you will have to run it through an SSH tunnel.

Here's a list of alternative options: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VNC/Servers


Highlighting Gtk Entry fields on invalid input by user

First, you will need the Color class from Gdk and the Gtk class:

from gi.repository import Gtk
from gi.repository.Gdk import Color

Then, in your handler, change the foreground color of the text field:

COLOR_INVALID = Color(50000, 0, 0) // A dark red color
text_field.modify_fg(Gtk.StateFlags.NORMAL, COLOR_INVALID)

If you want to change the color back to the default when the text field is modified, put this in the change handler:

text_field.modify_fg(Gtk.StateFlags.NORMAL, None)

The RBG values for the Color class are in a range from 0-65535.

For more information, see the PyGTK documentation, specifically the Widget and Color classes.


Well it's almost as if you answered your own question.

You didn't seem to have installed it via the package manager so using apt-get won't get you far. That's why it can't find the package since it doesn't know anything of it.

The path ~/genymotion doesn't exist since you said it is stored in /home/sandip/downloads/genymotion.

So try using the installer since it has an uninstall option

sudo /path/to/genymotion-x.x.x_x64.bin --uninstall


The latest Ubuntu would work. Now, if u want 2 get more time between backups and upgrading to latest version, stick to LTS.

Minimum system requirements are here


Change touchpad horizontal and vertical acceleration/sensitivity?

Solution for Ubuntu 11.04:

Add the options

Option "VertResolution" "75"
Option "HorizResolution" "75"

To the file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf.

After doing that, mine looks like:

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "touchpad catchall"
    Driver "synaptics"
    MatchIsTouchpad "on"
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
    Option "VertResolution" "75"
    Option "HorizResolution" "75"
EndSection

Now log off and log back in, and it should be fine! :)


How do I suppress the confirmation dialogue when ending a session?

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power suppress_logout_restart_shutdown true

Will remove the box with the action confirmation that shows up when you press the shutdown button in Ubuntu 11.10

To re-enable it use

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power suppress_logout_restart_shutdown false

For more information on how to setup your power options and different power button actions visit the following post

How do I modify the options for the power button?


I presume that you want to revoke client certificates on a web server like apache?

If so you need a Certification Recovation list.

Create with openssl a revoke  file:

openssl ca -config openssl.cnf \
      -gencrl -out myserver.crl.pem

Then, install that file in apache config.


Minimized windows to appear as "half-icons" in hidden launcher

You might want to have a look at Unity Tweak Tool. You can change the icon size of the dock, plus much more hidden settings of Unity.