How do I set the USB polling rate correctly for my Logitech mouse?

I did find a solution to this problem.

I installed Windows in a virtual machine, attached the USB mouse device to the VM, then traced the USB traffic with Wireshark and isolated the control command that the official Logitech driver used to set the polling rate. (This was quite helpful in pointing me in the right direction: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/138742/how-to-dump-usb-traffic)

This magic Ruby code (must be run as root, or by a user with permission to write to /dev/hidraw1) will set the polling rate to 125Hz on my mouse:

#!/bin/ruby
HIDIOCSFEATURE = 0xC0024806

f = File.open("/dev/hidraw1", "w+")
f.ioctl(HIDIOCSFEATURE,"\x20\x03")

/dev/hidraw1 is the hidraw device for my mouse. This path may be different depending on how many devices you have plugged into your machine.

The 0xC0024806 sequence is the ioctl value required to "Send a feature report" to the hidraw device. I can't remember exactly how I obtained this value unfortunately, and it may not be 100% technically correct. Works for me though!

The "\x20\x03" sequence was the data that the driver sent in the feature report to the mouse. 20 appears to be the value in hex used to identify a polling change request, and 03 sets it to 125hz. 02 sets it to 250hz, 01 to 500Hz and 00 to 1000hz.

BE WARNED: This works for me on a Logitech G400 mouse. I think there's only one hardware variant of this mouse so it should be safe on that model. It hasn't been tested on any other model, and will not work on any Logitech mouse that uses the HID++ protocol to communicate (this includes many newer mice, and any wireless models using the Unifying receiver).

I also barely knew what I was doing, and every single thing I did to figure it out was learned for the first time along the way, including this phrase: Caveat lector (reader beware)!


Updates fail because of fontconfig after Ubuntu reinstall

I also had this problem and finally solved it using Bachstelze answer from this thread - http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1556880 - but only reinstalled with purge fontconfig-config package.

This is the command that worked for me:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall --purge fontconfig-config


Using Ubuntu VM as a host of a commercial web application installed to a local network

This question is too broad to answer easily. Here are a few things complicating it.

Some applications included in Ubuntu require you offer source code. Some do not. So this depends specifically on the package list included in the virtual machine itself.
Some licenses require that all applications that include it's code must be released under the same license. If you use this code in your web application, then your license is already determined for you. For instance, if you use a GPL-licensed code in your application, your application itself would be GPL and you would be required to release your source code.
Generally speaking, Ubuntu itself contains mechanisms by which to retrieve source code, such as dpkg. It's possible that these mechanisms might satisfy the requirement to provide source, but it may not. I am not a lawyer, and this is a complicated question.

If in doubt, you should probably consult an intellectual property attorney.


How to update the apt-check count of “X packages can be updated” message

/usr/lib/update-notifier/apt-check --human-readable
Gives up to date information, no need to reboot

Because of the of apt upgrade some packages are not upgraded.
Simply upgrade with dist-upgrade option

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

More information:
apt-get upgrade actually installs newer versions of the packages you have. After updating the lists, the package manager knows about available updates for the software you have installed. This is why you first want to update.
apt-get dist-upgrade, in addition to performing the function of apt-get upgrade, also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of packages and will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. Thus, the apt-get dist-upgrade command may actually remove some packages in rare but necessary instances.

Also on this post: https://askubuntu.com/a/81594/77093


How do i uninstall Mac OS after installing Ubuntu

So i got the solution from https://www.howtogeek.com/114503/how-to-resize-your-ubuntu-partitions/
i just reformat the partition where Mac OS was install and then resize it with GParted, to do so i needed to got in to the pendrive that i used to install ubuntu and from there i could managed to resized my whole memory


Trying to setup user systemd service: Loaded: not-found (Reason: No such file or directory)

After creating or changing the unit file, you need to tell systemd to reload it:

systemctl --user daemon-reload

This explains why a reboot fixed it for @noraj.


You have to change the permissions in the users home folders. For instance, if the user folders are:

/home/alice
/home/john
/home/jack

You should do :

chmod -R go-rwx /home/alice
chmod -R go-rwx /home/john
chmod -R go-rwx /home/jack


You are seeing this menu because Ubuntu didn't shut down correctly.  The advanced options can occasionally be useful for troubleshooting.

Reboot.  When this screen (or something similar) shows:

If necessary, select "Ubuntu" with the arrow keys.

Press Enter.


What options exists to sleep the display?

You could use compizconfig-settings-manager (in universe) and enable the commands plugin.  Pick a command slot (any number will work) and enter xset dpms force off then bind the command to the edge or corner of your choice under the edge bindings tab.

You could also use gnome-screensaver-command -a instead of xset to activate the screensaver (blank screen). Use the compiz command plugin to bind to an edge or corner as before.


Does installing kernel 4.13 on Ubuntu 12.04 change the update policy?

The policy is based on the OS version and not on the kernel version.

What versions of Ubuntu are supported by Canonical and what is an end of life version?
Where can I find the status of the released versions of Ubuntu?
How do I upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu?


Tomboy is reporting an error when I try to sync to Ubuntu One, but isn't giving an error message

Close tomboy and start it again from a terminal in debug mode:-

tomboy --debug

You'll probably find you get a more detailed error message form the terminal. I've found this very helpful in debugging issues. If you need more help, just paste the relavent fragment of the log here and we can take a look.


Firefox is aksing me to choose an application when I try to download something, but I can't find any of them - I just find folders

You can provide full path to a binary. For example path to okular:

/usr/bin/okular


Low fps in ubuntu 18.04 with nvidia card

Besides your graphics card and different Ubuntu version, my specs are all older than yours. Ubuntu runs much smoother for me than Windows 10. I think it be worth a shot to reinstall a fresh image and try what's below.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

sudo apt update

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-390

Add nouveau.modeset=0 to GRUB to allow Ubuntu to boot up normally without affecting drivers.

In terminal, type

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

And replace the line that begins with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nouveau.modeset=0"

Hit CTRL+O to write it out, enter to save it, then CTRL+X to exit. Then update GRUB: sudo update-grub

If that still doesn't help you can try posting your syslog and maybe someone more experienced can help. I looked at mine and it turns out there was an issue with theh touchpad that's solvable.


Ubuntu 12.04 and Chromium full screen issue

Well I installed Chrome as opposed to Chromium to solve this issue so I though I would share how I did it and close this question at the same time.

First head over to the Chrome download page HERE See Figure 1 and click Download Chrome

Next choose the right package for your system in my case it was the

64 bit .deb (For Debian/Ubuntu) See Figure 2

Then click Accept and Install to accept Google terms of services and start downloading. Once it has finished downloading click the .deb file and it will automatically open up your Ubuntu Software Center Next click Install from the right See Figure 3 and type in your password when prompted.

When it has finished installing you will see a new colourful icon in you list of applications just drag it over to your favourites tool bar and you are ready to go. See Figure 4

References:

Google Chrome

Google Chromium


Is there any special software for copy,cut like operations?


I don't know apt-btrfs-snapshot, but from what I read rapidly in the code, it simply use the btrfs snapshot feature before apt's actions.

btrfs uses a lot of B-trees to hold data. Duplication is kept to minimum (not even using hardlink, but copy-on-write). Read: "it will use as much more-memory that you delete data outside /home".

EDIT:

After reading the code, apt-btrfs-snapshot have some problems. For example:

it makes big assumptions: your btrfs must have specific subvolume's name (your root subvolume must be named "@")
if your /home and /var/lib are on the same subvolume as your root /, they will also be snapshotted.


Python loop port scan script stops without error on port 80

It has to wait for the connection to timeout when the target host/port isn't open. Sometimes a router or host will quickly return a connection refused, but by default most services are configured to "stealth" and not respond in any way.

You can workaround this problem by using the setTimeout function in Python on the socket:

s.setTimeout(1.0)

It accepts a number of seconds, but it can be a floating point number like 0.5 for 500ms.


How to backup and restore Empathy accounts and password in Ubuntu 12.04?

Accounts settings are saved in ~/.mission-control/accounts/accounts.cfg
If you also want your saved passwords for accounts, you'll need to copy your GNOME keyring as well, which is in ~/.gnome2/keyrings.


Does Hibernation damage SSD if SWAP on Mech Hard Drive

No, it will not damage your SSD, it is OK like this.


Try using the dconf command, open your terminal to type:

dconf write /org/compiz/integrated/show-hud '["&lt;Alt&gt;"]'

This should restore the HUD default key to "Alt Left"


The *~ files are backup files of your editor.

Open or create an ignore file .gitignore in the root of your project folder and add the line *~ which means: Ignore all files which filename ends with a ~

echo "*~" >> .gitignore


How to install texlive-full 2015 in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

In Ubuntu 16.04, just do sudo apt install texlive-full.
I think you need to compile and configure texlive-full for Ubuntu 14.04 if not found in apt.


This message usually indicates that you're missing the kernel headers. When you compile a third-party kernel module, you need some source files from the kernel and a few additional files that depend on the kernel compile-time configuration and are generated when the kernel is compiled. These files are called “kernel headers”, and most Linux distributions, including Ubuntu, ship them in a separate package. You need the right kernel header package for your kernel version; given the error message, that would be linux-headers-3.2.0-29-generic-pae .

Note that there is already an ndiswrapper package in Ubuntu, you probably don't need to compile it manually. It comes in several pieces:
ndiswrapper-dkms  (module sources, packaged for automatic compilation on your system),
ndiswrapper-utils  (user-space utilities),
ndisgtk  (optional: a GUI frontend),
ndiswrapper-common  (dependency of other packages). Make sure you get all the dependencies.


domain-name dhcp option not applying to hostname -f

As specified in RFC2132, section 3.17, the DHCP domain-name option does not specify the domain name to be assigned to the client. It specifies the domain name that the client should use when resolving hostnames in DNS.

As your /etc/resolv.conf shows, resolvconf accordingly translates the option to a search keyword.

Apart from acting as the default naming context for unqualified hostnames (which can more generically be achieved using the search keyword in resolv.conf), there is no justification for setting the FQDN on a system, as this is a property of the naming system rather than the machine itself.


It will affect just the container as the container will run having its own namespaces:

PID namespace
Mount namespace
IPC namespace
Network namespace
UTS namespace
User namespace

Unless a vulnerability has the ability to break out of this namespace boundary to get into the host system, it won't affect the host system by any means.

Note that, in the past, several vulnerabilities were discovered in lxc, so you should look out for lxc related CVEs regularly to be on the safer side.

Also, as an extra layer of security lxc uses apparmor for resource confinement, the relevant AppArmor profiles are defined in /etc/apparmor.d/lxc/.


Text boot image not pretty one, how do I get pretty one back?

This isn't directly related to your issue, but I encountered the text rather than image boot logo a while back. I installed a package called v86d which solved it, the guide below, tells you how to modify Plymouth. Hopefully, it can help you with your issue:

http://news.softpedia.com/news/How-to-Fix-the-Big-and-Ugly-Plymouth-Logo-in-Ubuntu-10-04-140810.shtml


Best way to achieve data redundancy and different sized hard disks

I'm not sure what the purpose of this setup is- do you need both hard drives to be functional (and identical), or are you just referring to a full-on backup?

For a backup, there are several available tools to make complete backups. There is, of course, the deja dup tool, but you may wish to use something else. (There is also the dd tool from the command line; type man dd at the terminal to understand syntax.)

Backup tools are discussed here; a common tool is Clonezilla.

EDIT:

Here's the cleanest means of using the dd function:

"dd if=/dev/hda1 of=./part1.image to backup(repeat for different partitions)
dd if=./part1.image of=/dev/hda1 to restore"

Original post is here. Running this command periodically will give you a bit-perfect copy of your partition.


What icon does Unity use for an application?

Icons are cached in one very big file:

  GTK+ can use the cache files created by gtk-update-icon-cache to avoid
  a lot of system call and disk seek overhead when the application
  starts. Since the format of the cache files allows them to be mmap()ed
  shared between multiple applications, the overall memory consumption
  is reduced as well.

Every theme should create a cache file on installation.

/usr/share/icons/[theme]/icon-theme.cache

So for example - if you remove/rename the gnome icon-cache file:

sudo mv /usr/share/icons/gnome/icon-theme.cache /usr/share/icons/gnome/icon-theme.cache.backup

You can then regenerate the cache:

sudo gtk-update-icon-cache --force /usr/share/icons/gnome

In your case, you have added your application icons to hicolor - therefore you should force the regeneration of this cache file to pick up the new icons:

sudo gtk-update-icon-cache --force /usr/share/icons/hicolor

source


Broadcom wireless 43142 conflict Atheros 8161 in kernel 3.5 (Ubuntu 12.10)

You could try to disable driver for your wireless card in Settings -> Source Software -> additional drivers (sorry if the path is not correct, i have Ubuntu in italian) and then restart. For me it worked.


E: Malformed entry 1 in list file /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gazebo-stable.list (Suite)

Edit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gazebo-stable.list...
sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gazebo-stable.list or sudo pico /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gazebo-stable.list
Note: below, change "focal" to your current release name, as seen in:
lsb_release -a | grep -i Codename
Replace whatever is in the .list file with this:
deb http://packages.osrfoundation.org/gazebo/ubuntu-stable focal main

Then do:
sudo apt-get update


It can happen if there is no monitor on a server. Make sure that your monitor is plugged in.

If not try these:

ssh/putty into monitorless server
enter "vnc4server :1"
enter "export DISPLAY=:1"
enter "x-session-manager &"
exit terminal session and you should now be able to vnc into the server with "vncviewer server_name :1"

p.s. taken from ubuntu forums. (https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=820693)


I would suggest you to remove the following packages :

libapache2-mod-auth-mysql
phpmyadmin
mysql-server
mysql-server-
mysql-server-core-
apache2 and related modules
libapache2-mod-php5

use sudo apt-get purge <package_name> to remove the packages.

The text below is grabbed from Ubuntu help documentation:

  Starting over: How to remove the LAMP stack

  To remove the LAMP stack
  remove the following packages:

  Note: This assumes you have no other programs that require any of
  these packages. You might wish to simulate this removal first, and
  only remove the packages that don't cause removal of something
  desired.

apache2 apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils apache2.2-common libapache2-mod-php5 libapr1 libaprutil1 libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libmysqlclient15off libnet-daemon-perl libplrpc-perl libpq5 mysql-client-5.0 mysql-common mysql-server mysql-server-5.0 php5-common php5-mysql

  To also remove the debconf data, use the purge option when removing.
  To get rid of any configurations you may have made to apache, manually
  remove the /etc/apache2 directory once the packages have been removed.


Found a little info here: https://askubuntu.com/a/61763/158872

Uncomment a line:

# force_color_prompt=yes

in a file:

/home/user/.bashrc


How to --install-suggests on an already installed package?

You can use search patterns with aptitude to list suggested packages and then feed them to install. E.g., for tomboy:

sudo aptitude install '~Rsuggests:tomboy'

Warning: be extremely careful doing this. You can easily have thousands of packages installed or upgraded in one go.


Some windows not showing up in Alt + Tab


There isn't really a "generic" driver but the DIGImend project is dedicated to making tablets work on Linux. If you look at their compatibility list your tablet seems similar to the "Waltop Q Pad". You can also use lsusb to get the USB vendor and product IDs and look through that list to see if it's supported.


How do I recover my data from an encrypted home directory?

I solved the problem.

Make a backup all encripted data to *.tar file.

Find hidden password for an encrypted directory - passprase or you find out:

ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase /home/oldusername/.ecryptfs/wrapped-passphrase

Create a new user with an encrypted home directory (check in the selection).

Log in as a new user, then follow this instructions: Recovering your data in this address in
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedPrivateDirectory

(sudo mount-t ecryptfs /home/oldusername/.Private /home/username/Private)
and finally log to directory Private as root privilage.

Many success Martin


This problem has nothing to do with partition alignment (although there may be alignment problems, too). Basically, the problem is that two primary partitions (/dev/sda2 and /dev/sda3) reside inside the extended partition (/dev/sda4). This is illegal. This problem can be fixed by my FixParts program, which is part of the Ubuntu gdisk package; but proper identification of what each of those partitions does is necessary before proceeding. In particular, boot partitions should not become logical partitions.


Want to change default java version to 1.8.xx

Have you tried using update-java-alternatives instead
of update-alternatives?

Show the list of available alternatives:

sudo update-java-alternatives -l

Select one of them:

sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64


Locked out of sudo in main host after firejail sandboxing

Changed:

WBN:x:1000:1000:WBN,,,:/home/wbn:/bin/bash

to

WBN:x:1000:1000:WBN,,,:/home/wbn:/sbin/bash

sudo apt-get purge firejail.

System working fine now.

Thanks! :)


That is really a good question, many people can face this problem,
see this link http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/separatehome this may help you.

an alternative reference to do the same thing: http://embraceubuntu.com/2006/01/29/move-home-to-its-own-partition/


How to dock/lock a Wine app icon in launcher in Unity?

You can try creating new .desktop file as a workaround. Launch your favourite text editor, and paste following text:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=FooBar
Comment=Foo & Bar
Exec=sh -c "cd /home/user/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/foobar2000; wine foobar2000.exe"
Icon=/path/to/image/file.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Wine;
StartupNotify=true

Replace the user with your username.

Save as foobar2000.desktop then set the file as executable.

chmod +x foobar2000.desktop

Now you can place it to .local/share/applications.


Try changing your your preferred browser.
17.10+
Settings > Details > Default Applications

On older versions

Open Preferred Applications from
Preferences > Preferred Appplications.

Change the default Web Browser to
your liking.


How do you swap the caps lock key  to control key in lxde?

If you are the only person using the machine then the easiest option is to include the following line in the keyboard section of your XF86Config-4 file.

  Option          "XkbOptions"    "ctrl:swapcaps"

These ensures that the swap is done automatically whenever X starts.

(Reference: http://www.manicai.net/comp/swap-caps-ctrl.html)


how do I change the date/time format in the top panel in Ubuntu 14.04

Maybe you could use a tweak tool like gnome-tweak-tool or unity-tweak-tool for this. I haven't poked around much in the date area, but it might be possible.


Make Nautilus display ISO format for date-time (ubuntu 14.04)

I think this may be related to the removal of date format options - details can be found in this question:

How to show full date and time in Nautilus/Files 3.6+ list view?

I’m using en_AU and expect dates formatted 1 Jun but see Jun 1 instead.  Nautilus appears to ignore the locale.  I’d prefer the choice of a full date, but it should at least conform to the locale.

See also:

Full date and time cannot be viewed in "modified" list view column
(request for this change to be reverted)
Use a better date format by default instead of making the user guess
(original bug report that lead to the change)


Try informing vim that your terminal has a black background with :set bg=dark. If your text is still black, try setting an environment variable that says your terminal is capable of color before you start vim by running export TERM=xterm-color.


The effect of putting sudo -i command in /etc/fstab

You don't put commands in the fstab. That file is just a list of mounts which should be automounted (or not). The mountall command runs as root when you boot, and mounts everything which is listed in the fstab. (Except those mounts which have the noauto options set in fstab, those ones are not automounted.)  So you don't have to care about sudo.

If you put sudo -i into fstab then the mountall command likely can't parse that file because of that syntax error: The mountall command is trying to mount the sudo -i drive or something more wrong. So yes, this is your problem.

You rebooted your computer with a syntax error in fstab. As the system boots, it calls mountall to mount the listed things from fstab. mountall reaches that sudo -i line which he doesn't know what to do with. Your system is likely stuck at this point and waiting for interaction on what to do.


How to turn all network interfaces down?

You can find the name of each network interface listed by ifconfig -a in the directory /sys/class/net, which is populated by the kernel itself. Since the name of each directory in /sys/class/net is the actual name of the interface, you can loop over the files.

For Example:

for intf in /sys/class/net/*; do
    sudo ifconfig `basename $intf` down
done


USE SDDM which comes standard in lubuntu 18.10

Had to edit /etc/sddm.conf

Here is an example sddm.conf:

[Autologin]
Relogin=false
User=christian
Session=Lubuntu


I have found the solution, actually you also need to supply -l option to libvirt-bin init script.

Enable TCP in the libvirt service on the host OS.

Edit /etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf to set:
listen_tls = 0
listen_tcp = 1
auth_tcp="none"
tcp_port = "16509"

Configure the libvirt service to listen on TCP

Edit /etc/init/libvirt-bin.conf to add the "-l" argument:
exec /usr/sbin/libvirtd -d -l

Restart libvirt service

Invoke: service libvirt-bin restart

**Test libvirt is started with “-l” parameter **

Invoke: ps -ef | grep libvirt

Verify that the output contains the "-l" argument:

.... /usr/sbin/libvirtd -d -l

The source: http://pineapplesoftware.blogspot.com.tr/2012/11/configuring-unsecure-remote-access-to.html


you may be experiencing the bug mentioned, but it may be normal operation also.

At first the system writes to the drive cache, which can be very fast depending on memory bus speed. When the cache gets to a certain point, it starts pushing pages to disk while still receiving writes to cache. Since disk write is much slower than memory writes, cache will eventually fill. When this happens the system flushes the cache to disk and begins writing directly to disk. Depending on cache size, this flush can take a a while to process.

As mentioned in the bug report you linked, changing 'dirty ratio' can reduce this lag.


I solved it by changing the profiles of the output in Pulse Audio Volume Control pavucontrol
Each device also has it's own profile, and if that' set wrong it will make the device useless. Btw it said my device is "Unplugged" but that wasn't true.

Oddly if I changed in the Ubuntu sound properties after it would revert back to the wrong profile


Suggest you follow the instructions from Microsoft to restore your Windows 7 installation. There are numerous tutorials to do that. Here's one example: http://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/3413-repair-install.html


Ncurses prompts look broken in PuTTY from Windows

Configure putty to read utf8.
putty -> config -> window -> translation
 choose utf in "Recieved data in ..."
This is not a byobu issue, it is a putty issue.

See also:

https://superuser.com/questions/264363/how-can-i-use-utf-8-on-linux-from-windows-7-via-putty
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/859565/correct-putty-configuration-for-ubuntu-9-04


I reinstalled the 'vmware tools' (Virtual Machine -> Install VMWare tools', and it's working now.
I remember the menu was 'Update VMWare tools', but I found it changed to 'Install VMWare tools' when I had the trouble.
ADDED
I could use sshfs to access the directories in ubuntu.

Install sshfs sudo port install sshfs in Mac
Create the directory in Mac mkdir ~/mnt/ubuntu
Link the network directory to the directory that you created sshfs user@ip:DIRECTORY ~/mnt/ubuntu


The single install uses only LXC and KVM. XEN isn't supported at this time.


I solved the problem by changing ServerName in /etc/apache2/httpd.conf to the name in the DNS record. That solved the misconfiguration problem.


How and where to add certificates for citrix receiver

Test it, please. (It is add all certificate from Mozilla, to Citrix).

  sudo ln -s /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/*   /opt/Citrix/ICAClient/keystore/cacerts

It's working.


lubuntu 14.10 and installing xerox phaser 3020 wifi printer?

Since there were no error messages you will have to read these links to try some other things to gather some more information and narrow down the problem.

Printers on Ubuntu. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Printers
There are detailed steps in this answer. How do I install my printer with Ubuntu?
You say you got the driver from Xerox, but when you chose the driver to install, did you put the files on your Ubuntu machine, like in a /temp/xerox subdirectory, and did you pick the driver directory that you downloaded from Xerox? You have to tell the install program where the new drivers are for your printer.

After you try some things, update your original post at the bottom of the post to tell us what you found. Precede the update with "EDIT:".


can't find networks on dell inspiron 1501

The wrong driver is installed. Please do:

sudo apt-get remove --purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree

Reboot and you should be all set.


Which image viewer is able to show coordinates?

GIMP will do this.
sudo apt-get install gimp

I just discovered that Geeqie will do this as well (and it loads much faster than GIMP):
sudo apt-get install geeqie

Then in the menus click View >> Pixel Info and it'll show the pixel info (position and RGB !) in the status bar.


ubuntu 12.04 admin password account disabled

1) Boot from CD/DVD, chroot into your system and add user to admin group (sudo adduser USERNAME admin) or to /etc/sudoers (sudo visudo)

2) to enable accout use passwd -u username

For step by step howto read: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCdRecovery


Toshiba P755 S5260 Keyboard LED backlight won't light up

Basically use xset to toggle the state of the led backlight. A little script and your set.

#!/bin/bash
if [ -f /tmp/keyboard_light ]; then
xset -led 3 && rm /tmp/keyboard_light
else
xset led 3 && touch /tmp/keyboard_light
fi

or use "key touch" Download Here

This can configure ALL your special keys.


"Error found when loading /etc/profile" on login after upgrade

Running shellcheck on /usr/share/modules/init/sh file gave following recommendations on the multiple lines leading upto the line 43.   :

if [ -n "`eval 'echo ${'$_mlv'+x}'`" ]; then

         ^-- SC2006: Use $(..) instead of legacy `..`.
                       ^-- SC2086: Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitting.

module() { eval `/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/modulecmd-compat sh $*`; }

                 ^-- SC2046: Quote this to prevent word splitting.
                 ^-- SC2006: Use $(..) instead of legacy `..`.
                                                                 ^-- SC2048: Use "$@" (with quotes) to prevent whitespace problems.
                                                                 ^-- SC2086: Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitting.

The above recommendation  can be incorporated in the following manner :

if [ -n "$(eval 'echo ${"$_mlv"+x}')" ]; then
module() {  eval "$(/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/modulecmd-compat sh "$*")"; }


How can I identify why entries disappear from Startup Applications?

I had a similar problem that was answered in Dropbox disappears from Startup Applications upon reboot in Ubuntu 16.04. You may want to try the answer provided there by @JacobVlijm.

  Simply rename the file ~/.config/autostart/dropbox.desktop to (e.g.) start_dropbox.desktop after it is created, and Dropbox will not recognize it as his, and leave the file alone.

In other words, when you add an entry to Startup Applications, a corresponding .desktop file is created in your ~/.config folder (a hidden folder found in Home by typing Ctrl + H to show hidden files and folders). What worked in my case was renaming the file created there with anything (in my case changing it from nameofapplication.desktop to start_nameofapplication.desktop).


You're missing g++ package on your machine. Install it via:

sudo apt-get install g++

Reference.


for everyone with macbook here you can find a solution to your problem by Compiling and installing driver:
fedora package install
dnf install wget make gcc kernel-devel
ubuntu package install
apt install wget make gcc linux-headers-generic
arch package install
pacman -S wget make gcc linux-headers
build driver
git clone https://github.com/davidjo/snd_hda_macbookpro.git
cd snd_hda_macbookpro/
#run the following command as root or with sudo
./install.cirrus.driver.sh
reboot


Missing Window Switcher and Expo not working

The absence of workspace switcher is not a bug, but a design decision. To reenable it, simply right click on your desktop and choose Change Desktop Background. Then hit the Behavior tab and enable the workspace switcher.

As for the keyboard shortcuts to open the Dash and Expo, these can be simply changed in the CompizConfig Settings Manager.
For the Dash, click on Ubuntu Unity Plugin, then change the shortcut at the top:

For Expo, click on Expo and change the Expo key shortcut:

Finally, as rrosa pointed out, you need to make sure you have installed the extra Compiz plugins to use Commands in the CompizConfig Settings Manager.


Remove eoan/19.10 repository on to a focal/20.04 System

Sources are stored as text files in two places: /etc/apt/sources.list (a file) and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ (a directory containing files)
You can manually disable a source in any of those text files by putting a comment mark (#) in front of the line. Here's an example:
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ groovy main       // Active
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ groovy main     // Disabled

Open these files in a text editor (like nano), not a word processor. nano instructions
These files are owned by root; you must use sudo: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

You can delete a source by simply deleting the line in the file. If you are unsure if you should disable or delete a source, ask.

You can also disable or delete sources using the Software & Updates control panel. Here's an example:

It's not in settings -- find it using your Desktop Search (the little 9-box grid or your <Super> key).

Make sure you are looking at the Other Software tab.
Enable a disabled source by checking the box.
Disable a source by un-checking it.
Delete a source by highlighting, then clicking 'Remove'


You should be able to boot off of this CD. My guess is that the CD did not burn correctly - try making another and check the ISO file to make sure the md5sum/sha1sum matches.

Make sure you can boot off your OS X CD if you still have one. This will ensure you can actually boot from CD (and didn't disable it somehow in openfirmware).

I burned my Ubuntu disk from an Ubuntu i386 system. A Windows machine should be ok.

Non-Apple keyboard should not matter. I do know that the boot is touchy and you may have to mash C (press & release it at different times) - holding it down on startup may not work.

If you only have a PC keyboard, the open-firmware shortcut is Alt+Super+O+F instead of Command+Option+O+F. Super is also known as the "Windows" key.


"unable to locate package pulp" when trying to install pulp

Are you looking for the python-pulp  package, by any chance? If so, you can install it using:

sudo apt-get install python-pulp


Google Chrome crashing when start download

You might not need to delete your whole user profile. I was able to fix this by deleting my download history alone: Downloads > Clear All.

I diagnosed this as per these instructions:

$ sqlite3 ~/.config/chromium/Default/History

sqlite> select count(*) from downloads;
sqlite> select count(*) from downloads_url_chains;

The two counts differed, suggesting that the database had become corrupt. I backed it up (you never know) then cleared the download history. Chromium hasn't crashed since.


PowerTOP issue with fresh 16.04 install on ThinkPad E555

True, at the moment PowerTop does not start when launched with --auto-tune options, but it actually applies the optimal settings... relaunch it with just sudo powertop and you'll see the difference.
Cheers


Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary - cli methods

Since you are on an Ubuntu 14.04, use gparted or gdisk, not fdisk on gpt partitioned disks. For Ubuntu 16.04 or later, it doesn't matter, fdisk has been updated to work on gpt disks.

Start your first partition at 2048 bytes (not kilobytes!).  Sector number starts at 0, but avoid the beginning where bootloaders or partition tables typically get dumped.

I don't see 2048k in what you posted, just 2097k, which is wrong.


bumblebee with nvidia-exxperimental-310 primus: failed to load any of the libraries

I don't know why this works, but I had the same problem and it worked when I did not replace the second path in the primus config file.

So I just used:

export PRIMUS_libGLa=${PRIMUS_libGLa:-'/usr/lib/nvidia-331/libGL.so.1:/usr/lib32/nvidia-current/libGL.so.1'}

or in your case, replace with:

export PRIMUS_libGLa=${PRIMUS_libGLa:-'/usr/lib/nvidia-experimental-310/libGL.so.1:/usr/lib32/nvidia-current/libGL.so.1'}


Canon's ScanGear package is called scangearmp2, so removing it is a simple matter of doing this:

Open a Terminal

Type:
sudo apt remove --purge scangearmp2

That's all


If you mount the USB memory you can create your virtual disk on it.


How to autoconnect to Ethernet network when restarting?

To turn your problem, you can do this:

Press Alt+F2, and type gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces and enter.

Add the following lines if not already present:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

Note: Change eth0 for your network device. To view this open terminal with `Ctrl+Alt+T and type:

ifconfig

This should be enough to solve your problem.


Unable to fix/remove old version of unit from snap

It goes without saying that you shouldn't be seeing that error, and I'm not sure why it's happening. It might be worth opening a thread on https://forum.snapcraft.io/ to let the developers know that something weird is going on and try to get to the bottom of it.
That said, maybe we can stop the error. Snaps automatically update, and part of the way they make that process robust is by keeping multiple snap revisions around in case it needs to revert. These revisions are still mounted, etc., which is I think related to the error you're seeing.
You can see all revisions of the snap on your system, including inactive ones, by using the --all option, e.g.:
$ snap list --all gtk2-common-themes

Assuming you have revision 9 installed and you only care about the current one (13, it seems), you can try simply removing 9:
$ sudo snap remove --revision=9 gtk2-common-themes

Again, even if that works, this is only working around the error, it doesn't explain why it's happening in the first place. That will require some debugging, and thus a forum post like I suggested.


Sound volume indicator in top panel is resetting top panel upon mouse click or hover

keep an eye on this filed bug

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/indicator-sound/+bug/883592

right now is flagged as invalid but people keeps asking so I still keep my hopes is really annoying, don't know how to debug it and been looking for a solution for weeks.. good luck


zfs files lost after upgrade to 20.04. LTS

I had same kind of problem after an upgrade in Centos. zfs give a good size but no file and I become mad!
For my specific case, it seems that some service(s) create directories and subdirectories with the same name as the zfs storage. I unmounted zfs, delete the directory under /, remount zfs. Be careful before deleting files, be sure !!


Your system is running in low graphics mode on 12.04 + no space left on device (issue)?

I have same problem:
My configuration :

Virtualbox installed on pc (windows xp pro)
Ubuntu 12.04 installed as host in virtualbox

Yesterday when I was starting ubuntu on virtualbox I have Your system is running in low graphics mode.

After searching on the web I found this post : how-do-i-fix-your-system-is-running-in-low-graphics-mode

I tried this
   When the message that "Your system is running in low-graphics mode" appears, I have selected "Exit to console".

After I pressed Ctrl+Alt+F1, then login appears.

After logging I have typed these commands:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo reboot

The problem was not resolved.

Then I logged to console and typed these commands :

sudo apt-get install gdm

After I have chosen gdm in menu then was done I typed :

sudo service gdm restart

And the sytem was rebooted normaly.
But now I have no space left on device (I have again 500Mb free)!
Actually I don't have solution for this problem and I'm searching.

Can you try this and give a feedback.

Good luck

Johan


yes, you have 2 GB of unallocated space.Not enough for Ubuntu.

First it is best to shrink windows partitions from within windows. The disk manager in administrator utilities can do the job.

Windows places some files at the end of the partition. Try temporarily disabling swap, Fast boot, and hibernation. Then show hidden files in the root file system (c:). There should be two hidden files: pagefile.sys and hiberfil.sys. Delete them. This should give you more room to shrink. I recommend 50 GB for ubuntu. This gives room for installing software and personal data.

Note: For dual booting, it is recommended to leave Fast Start and hibernation disabled.


Prevent Linux from accessing some partitions in a Dual Boot system

To do this, you have to edit your \etc\fstab in Linux and remove the entry/entries mounting the partitions you don't want mounted.

Since they're sorted by UUID, you'll want to find out said UUID's for the partitions. sudo blkid -L will list all disks by UUID, like so:

$ sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="727cac18-044b-4504-87f1-a5aefa774bda" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb: UUID="467c4aa9-963d-4467-8cd0-d58caaacaff4" TYPE="ext4"

However, you may still see Windows partitions listed in your file manager - they're not mounted, but will be automatically if you click the entry.

You can hide these partitions:

In Gnome or Ubuntu Unity (and possibly MATE and XFCE desktops) start the gnome-disks program.
Select your hard drive in the devices list and select the Windows partition (should be listed as an NTFS partition) in the Volumes list.
Click the gear icon to open the context menu and select "edit mount options". Turn off "Automatic Mount Options" and deselect (or leave it deselected) the options "Mount at startup" and "Show in user interface".
The entries should no longer show up in the file manager sidebar.


Is there any alternative to Workrave in 11.10?

I think Workrave wasn't really removed from Oneiric, but rather waiting on a fix so that it would actually work.  I saw that today it got uploaded into the Oneiric Backports.

Make sure you have the backports repository enabled in your software sources, and also make sure that the package list is up-to-date, then you should be able to install/update it again.  (I don't know about integration into gnome 3 though.)

How do I enable the "backports" repository?


There are a number of different ways of combining the two files into one input stream but I'd personally rather have them attached as two separate files:

mail -s "numeric data" destination@example.com -A ~/num1.txt -A ~/num2.txt


Using ALSA instead Pulseaudio and "logout" issue (14.04.1)

If sound is muted at alsa level (as shown using alsamixer), you can unmute editing or creating .profile file in your home, and adding these commands in it:
 they will be executed when session start:

#!/bin/bash
amixer set Digital unmute
amixer set Master unmute
amixer set Headphone unmute

Look the faders name in alsamixer and replace  if necessary (may be  "Digital"  becomes "IEC958 (SPDIF)" )


grub-install: error: install device isn't specified

I tried installing grub (I am using pop-os 20.10 LTS) with this command line
sudo apt install grub-efi grub-common grub-customizer

Worked out for me for all the missing dependencies.


How to create a personal branch in Launchpad?

Go to the project page that you want to create a branch for and click 'Submit Code'.

Then set up the branch. Make sure it is hosted in Launchpad.

You can then push to the branch:

bzr push lp:branch

The first time you push, you will need to use:

bzr push lp:branch --use-existing-dir

Once you are ready to merge, click 'Propose for merging' on the 'Code' tab of the project.

It will then wait to be reviewed by someone with the necessary permissions.

Once the review has started, you will see something like this in the 'Code' tab:

You can follow this link to the review page.

Once the reviewer is satisfied, they will merge the branches and your code will become part of the project's trunk.


Appears like GRUBx.x (LINUX bootloader) hasn't been installed while the installation and that is why, windows bootloader (the default bootloader) automatically boots-up as your system starts.

To install Linux Bootloader, follow the instructions provided in the link below and you'll probably be able to dual boot your system:

http://buff.ly/1rS678D.


Is there any general guideline to follow in order to know why I get a Permission Denied error while running a particular command?

You have to use your brain a little and  ask yourself the question:
What is the application actually trying to do?
There isn't going to be a single answer to this as "Permission denied" errors  transcend filesystems, networks and authentication regimes (to name just three)... There's just no single way to find the problem... Other than to say, "you probably don't have permission to do what you're doing".
But we can look at your examples and work out where the problem is in those.

In mv testfile /dev/null you are reading from ./testfile and writing to /dev/ (to supplant /dev/null). This is what mv does when you try to move a file to a file.
A quick stat testfile /dev/null /dev/ will show you:
  File: ‘testfile’
  Size: 7944        Blocks: 16         IO Block: 4096   regular file
Device: fc01h/64513d    Inode: 5284807     Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: ( 1000/     oli)   Gid: ( 1000/     oli)
Access: 2014-03-19 11:35:42.027427288 +0000
Modify: 2014-03-19 12:25:17.343476867 +0000
Change: 2014-03-19 12:25:17.343476867 +0000
 Birth: -

  File: ‘/dev/null’
  Size: 0           Blocks: 0          IO Block: 4096   character special file
Device: 5h/5d   Inode: 31128501    Links: 1     Device type: 1,3
Access: (0666/crw-rw-rw-)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)
Access: 2014-03-18 14:33:16.742165089 +0000
Modify: 2014-03-18 14:33:16.742165089 +0000
Change: 2014-03-18 14:33:16.742165089 +0000
 Birth: -

  File: ‘/dev/’
  Size: 4740        Blocks: 0          IO Block: 4096   directory
Device: 5h/5d   Inode: 1025        Links: 17
Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)
Access: 2014-03-20 09:51:04.408762425 +0000
Modify: 2014-03-20 09:51:04.396762425 +0000
Change: 2014-03-20 09:51:04.396762425 +0000
 Birth: -

You have read access to ./testfile
You have write access into the /dev/null pseudo character device.
You don't have permission to write into /dev/ (which you would need to replace /dev/null)
Permission denied.

The second example is much easier to read. From your output:
drwx------  2 root   root    4096 Mar 11 21:04 .gvfs
drwx------  2 root   root    4096 Mar 11 21:04 dconf

These directories are owned by root and they give no permission for anybody else to read or enter them. find just bounces off because it doesn't have permission to enter.


Modern OSs use paging to manage memory. It gives some advantadges to the system like being able to use more memory than you have physically, securing some sensitive memory area (like the kernel reserved memory) amongst other things that I can point some reference to if you want to learn more about paging.

But what is paging?

I'll skip the technicals and give you an analogy. Imagine you have an encyclopedia collection, A to Z, and being a curious person you like to spend afternoons reading it. You keep all of the encyclopedias on your bookshelf and you have a reading table which you can have 4 books on.

One day you are reading about "Sailing", which is on the letter S encyclopedia. At some point you might need to read about something else related, like "Winds" on letter W book. As long as you have it on your reading table you can quickly open it and read what you need, then go back to the "Sailing" book. Problem is, since your reading table can only fit 4 books, the chances are high you will need a book that isn't there already. Then you would need to take one of the books from the table back to the shelf, grab the book you need to the reading table and read it.

Ok, what does this whole book story has to do with my freezes? Well, the computer does something similar all the time. To be able to use more memory than it physically has, the computer divide memory in pages, which are small continuous blocks of memory. Those don't need to be on RAM (the "reading table") all the time, they might be stored on your disk (the "bookshelf"). If the RAM is full and the CPU needs to read/write on those pages stored on disk, one of the pages on RAM will be stored on disk, and the page requested will be loaded on RAM.

This is a Kernel job, so it is transparent to the user and programs. But since reading and writing to the disk is much slower than reading and writing on RAM, you will notice those freezes.

On Linux, there is a partition called swap, which is used to store those extra pages. Windows does the same thing, but I think it uses a file. The system kernel itself won't freeze, since it will be on locked ("non-swappable") pages.

The image below (from an wikipedia article) illustrates the concept of paging (and virtual memory, which we don't need to go into). Those blocks represents the pages being allocated on both memory or disk.

I believe the reason it might look like Linux is freezing too, is because Unity (the desktop GUI) might experience the delays caused by this swapping, while on Windows they might keep the desktop GUI code in locked ("non-swappable") pages. This is just a brainstorm theory though.


When you run $ snap info <snap-name> you will see a contact field. This will tell you how to talk to the developer, or where can you find that information.

$ snap info parity
name:      ...
summary:   ...
publisher: ...
contact:   https://parity.io
[...]


want install tigrinya/amharic est africa language on my 16.04 LTS UBUNTU version, help

To install the Amharic language on Ubuntu 16.04:

Open "System Settings"
Go to "Language Support"
Click "Install/Remove Languages"
Select Amharic
Click "Apply"
Under "Language for menus and windows", click and drag Amharic to the top of the list, if it is not already there

If you want to apply this language for just the current user:

Log out and log back in

If you want to apply this language for the whole system and all users:

Click "Apply System-Wide"
Reboot


How to Install Laravel 5.3 in Ubuntu 14.04 Server

To install PHP 5.6 in Ubuntu 14.04 open the terminal and type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt update
sudo apt install php5.6

Install Composer

sudo apt install curl
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

In Ubuntu 16.04 and later composer can be installed from the default Ubuntu repositories. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install composer

Create Laravel application:

composer create-project laravel/laravel [foldername]

Replace [foldername] with the name of the directory you want your new Laravel application installed to. It must not exist before installation. You may also need to add the Composer executable to your system path.

Run Laravel application:

php artisan serve

References:
• Laravel 5.3 Installation Documentation
• Laravel 5.3 Homestead Documentation - Laravel Homestead is an official, prepackaged Vagrant box that provides a development environment without requiring you to install PHP, a web server, and any other server software on your local machine.


Wordpress does not recognize PHP update on Ubuntu 18.04 droplet with PHP 7.4.3 from repos

Disable the php5 module.
Then type

sudo a2dismod php5.6 (old php version)
sudo a2enmod  php7.4 (new php version)

Now try it again.


Installed the driver using

sudo apt-get install fglrx

and this did the trick!


Help 6Mb/s WIFI connection speed Qualcomm Atheros Device [168c:0042] (rev 31)

My connection information also shows 6 Mbps:

$ iwconfig
enp59s0   no wireless extensions.

lo        no wireless extensions.

wlp60s0   IEEE 802.11  ESSID:"TELUS1213-5G"
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:5.22 GHz  Access Point: 70:F1:96:42:5F:06
          Bit Rate=6 Mb/s   Tx-Power=17 dBm
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:on
          Link Quality=64/70  Signal level=-46 dBm
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:81   Missed beacon:0

However speedtest.net reports almost 60 Mbps throughput:

Running the same test on an Ethernet adapter rated at 1000 Mbps results in same 60 Mbps Internet download speed. So speed is limited by ISP not by WiFi. Relevant lspci -vv:

3b:00.0 Ethernet controller: Qualcomm Atheros Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 10)
    Subsystem: Device 0707:2400
    Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
    Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
    Latency: 0
    Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16
    Region 0: Memory at dd600000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K]
    Region 2: I/O ports at d000 [size=128]
    Capabilities: <access denied>
    Kernel driver in use: alx
    Kernel modules: alx

3c:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA6174 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter (rev 32)
    Subsystem: Bigfoot Networks, Inc. QCA6174 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter
    Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+
    Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
    Latency: 0
    Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 137
    Region 0: Memory at dd200000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2M]
    Capabilities: <access denied>
    Kernel driver in use: ath10k_pci
    Kernel modules: ath10k_pci

I can't explain why the iwconfig speed is so low when the real speed is so high. The same results are obtained from other Linux CLI sources:

$ iw dev wlp60s0 link
    (... SNIP ...)
    freq: 5220
    RX: 1421503515 bytes (4545343 packets)
    TX: 131449836 bytes (1061284 packets)
    signal: -55 dBm
    tx bitrate: 6.0 MBit/s

    bss flags:  short-preamble short-slot-time
    dtim period:    2
    beacon int: 100

$ iwlist wlp60s0 bitrate
wlp60s0   unknown bit-rate information.
          Current Bit Rate=6 Mb/s


Custom USB distro problem: cannot connect to the Internet

I saw this off the remastersys forum, as I'm trying to figure this out on 14.04 as well

http://www.remastersys.com/forums/index.php?topic=2729.0

"Network Manager has been changed.  You will have to remove the part in /usr/bin/remastersys that removes $WORKDIR/dummysys/etc/resolv.conf and remaster again.

This is caused by a change to the way they are populating resolv.conf since it is now just a link.  I have to update remastersys for 12.10 which I haven't had a chance to do yet."

I say give that a shot and see - I'm re-making my image right now.


Intel Joule 570x Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS 64-bit How to enable /dev/ttyS2?

As of Feb 20, 2017, there is NO support in 16.04.1 LTS Desktop for Intel Joule 570x UART0-2, I2C0-1, or SPI0-1.  UART2 is active in Core Beta 4.  In order to access UART2 in Core, you'll need to disable the system's serial-console getty.


For your use case, systemd is good enough.

systemd pros:

Comes inbuilt with OS. No need of another dependency.

Simple to use. No learning curve as it can be managed like a system service.

supervisord pros:

Any user can manage processes. No need to be superuser.

Has nice web interface to manage process.

Works on any distro.

More flexibility in managing process(groups, priority order).

You can read docs to know more advantages of supervisord.


installing graphic card drivers: "Gallium 0.4 on ATI RV370" and "Mobile Intel® GM45 Express Chipset"

how to test graphic card performance?

If you installed the mesa-utils package you can check with glxgears:

$ glxgears
Running synchronized to the vertical refresh.  The framerate should be
approximately the same as the monitor refresh rate.
radeon: Acquired access to Hyper-Z.
291 frames in 5.0 seconds = 58.022 FPS

  when I am sure that drivers aren't installed, how to install them

You have several ways:

With lspci -nnkvv -s then add the domain:bus:slot.function, in my case 00:03:00.0:

sudo lspci -nnkvv -s 00:03:00.0
03:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RV515 [Radeon X1300/X1550] [1002:7146] (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
    Subsystem: VISIONTEK Device [1545:2352]
    Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
    Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
    Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 16 bytes
    Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 19
    Region 0: Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
    Region 2: Memory at bffe0000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
    Region 4: I/O ports at e000 [size=256]
    Expansion ROM at bffc0000 [disabled] [size=128K]
    Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
        Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-)
        Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
    Capabilities: [58] Express (v1) Endpoint, MSI 00
        DevCap: MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s <4us, L1 unlimited
            ExtTag+ AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE- FLReset-
        DevCtl: Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal- Unsupported-
            RlxdOrd+ ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+
            MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes
        DevSta: CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr- TransPend-
        LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x16, ASPM L0s L1, Latency L0 <64ns, L1 <1us
            ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot-
        LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- Retrain- CommClk-
            ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
        LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
    Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
        Address: 0000000000000000  Data: 0000
    Kernel driver in use: radeon

The important part here is the last line where it says "Kernel driver in use".

You can also checking the logfiles:

sudo grep -E 'dri|drm' /var/log/dmesg /var/log/Xorg.0.log

The lshw -c video:

$ sudo lshw -c video
  *-display:0
       description: VGA compatible controller
       product: RV515 [Radeon X1300/X1550]
       vendor: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
       version: 00
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm pciexpress msi vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
       configuration: driver=radeon latency=0
       resources: irq:19 memory:d0000000-dfffffff memory:bffe0000-bffeffff ioport:e000(size=256) memory:bffc0000-bffdffff

And the good old mesa glxinfo.


WSL: Unable to X forward GUI from remote server

I was unaware that WSL in its current form does not support GUIs. Installing a X server that is compatible with Windows 10 was the solution.

I have chosen to install VcXsrv (https://sourceforge.net/projects/vcxsrv/)

The following settings were used "Multiple windows, Display number = -1, start no client, Clipboard enabled, Native opengl enabled, and disable access control enabled)

After this GUIs are passed and opened successfully through ssh on Windows 10.


Random Loss of Internet connection over wifi in ubuntu 16.04LTS

Try upgrading your linux-headers to latest stable build manually. For example your linux-headers is version 4.10 upgrade it to version 4.12 manually, download them at kernel.ubuntu.com in this case i'm using 64bit ubuntu then i'm download this builds :

linux-headers-4.12.0-041200_4.12.0-041200.201707022031_all.deb
linux-headers-4.12.0-041200-generic_4.12.0-041200.201707022031_amd64.deb
linux-image-4.12.0-041200-generic_4.12.0-041200.201707022031_amd64.deb

install all of it sudo dpkg -i <package name> and remove the old one (version 4.10) the easiest way is by using synaptic package manager, you can google how to do it. Restart and don't forget to do your routine after that restart "sudo apt udpate && sudo apt upgrade". I'm newbie in linux but i hope this trick is work, cause is work for me. Cheers


NVIDIA RTX 3080 GPU not working with Ubuntu 20.04, Kernel 5.8.0-50-generic

I fixed this by first reinstalling Ubuntu 21.04. (I knew this was a step in the right direction because my monitor finally started working!)
Once Ubuntu 21.04 was installed, I first tried reinstalling the nvidia drivers using the Software & Updates, then rebooting to disable secure boot. When I disabled secure boot, it still wouldn't boot, so I re-enabled secure boot, did prime-select intel, then purged Nvidia similar to this (https://forums.developer.nvidia.com/t/newly-installed-drivers-are-not-found-when-nvidia-smi-is-called/82686/7).
I rebooted, I disabled secure boot, it finally booted. However, when I tried to install the Nvidia drivers using Software & Updates it would not boot again with Secure Boot disabled.
I discovered I had to install the Nvidia drivers using terminal
 ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
Thus, the procedure was

Install Ubuntu 21.04
prime-select intel
purge nvidia drivers

sudo apt-get remove --purge '^nvidia-.*'
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get --purge remove "*cublas*" "cuda*"
sudo apt-get --purge remove "*nvidia*"
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
sudo apt autoremove
sudo reboot

Reboot, disable secure boot in BIOS
Reinstall Nvidia as such

sudo ubuntu-drivers devices
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
sudo reboot

I have yet to re-enable secure boot as I am scared that it will not boot and I will have to go through this process again.


^ is the a regular expression special character used to mark the start of the line, and $ marks the end of the line. They're used to anchor the expression at these points. So ^# is any line starting with #, and ^$ is an empty line (since there's nothing between the start and the end).

-v in grep negates the match, so this command is looking for lines that aren't commented out (not starting with #), or empty.


It sounds as though the new drive doesn't have the correct partitioning - if you're only seeing one. Did you pass the dd command '/dev/sdn' or '/dev'sdn1' to write to?I think your first task now is to remove the new drive, and see if you need to undo the MBR 'fix' - if so, there are several questions about that here with answers such as this.

Once you have a working system, you get to 'how to do this right':

Backup is good - you probably don't need reminding just now :)

I would start this from a live CD boot, for starters, as a live system may well change whilst being written - in fact almost certainly will.

First, check where your old drive (source) is, then plug the new drive in, check where it went as the drive designation can vary - dmesg | tail or mount will do (but mount, only if the filesystem recognises it - I doubt yours will right now), or fdisk -l but care is needed to get them right. This is a crucial point!

Once you know which is which, you can do the copy;
dd if=/dev/sdx of=/dev/sdy - note you do NOT use the partition numbers.

You can use pv but IMHO this complicates things if you're having trouble, you already know it takes ages. It will go a LOT faster if you plug the drives in directly.

You should end up with 2 drives the same, one having 50% unallocated space. Disconnect the new one, reboot to ensure all is well. This is not technically necessary, but I would..

Turn off, plug in the new drive - direct or do the USB thing again if you prefer. Reboot. If it won't boot, your PC is allocating /dev/sda to the new drive, so using USB may be a good plan now.

At this stage you can use gparted to enlarge existing partitions, or fdisk to add a new one. Once done, you can swap drives and try a boot; you may need to go back to the top of this & try the link I gave to fix booting, depending what you changed.


Сan't uninstall the WPS Office v. 11.1.0.9080 on Ubuntu 19.10

I can't reproduce the problem on fresh Ubuntu 19.10 VM, but if apt-get fails - you can try low-level command:

sudo dpkg --purge wps-office

(see man dpkg for details locally or online)


New search tab page on Chromium defaults to "fvdsearch? Why?

This is most likely because you installed an Extension that changed your default search engine or a Windows system got a malware which changed the engine. You should go to your preferences, remove any suspicious plugin/extension, and change your preferences to the default in about:settings.


Rosetta Stone network communication error

Rosetta Stone's solution above will NOT fix the issue...

The problem is with the crooks at Microsoft -- they want $$$ for their latest operating system, and have paid off many companies, such as Rosetta Stone, to BLOCK Win-XP in order to force people to upgrade...  Should be illegal, but I digress..

The fix is to go to your unity launcher and search for Wine.  You want the Configure Wine app..  Once it launches, there is a "Windows Version" drop down at the bottom.  Change it to windows 7.

Thats it..  Start Rosetta again and it will work....   Typical results of corporate greed.....


Cannot register MAAS with Landscape after openstack-install

If nothing happens after you fill in the MAAS registration form, then most likely Landscape isn't able to reach the address you provided.

The MAAS address has to be of the form http://<hostname-or-ip>/MAAS/. If that's what you are using, and if the hostname (or ip) is reachable from the Landscape machine, then inspecting the logs is a good idea. The most interesting log for this case would be the job-handler.log one, in /var/log/landscape-logs on the Landscape server node, or landscape-server/0 unit if you used juju to deploy Landscape.


Open another instance of current directory in Nautilus

Another option: (Shortcut+Drag)

Ctrl+T to open new tab in same folder
Drag it out

Still another way: (2 Clicks)

In the header bar: Right Click on current folder → Open in New Window


Distance between folders inside "Icon view" mode (Nautilus)

You need at least Nautilus 3.16, currently not installed by default in Vivid nor Wily and in versions prior 3.16, you can't customize this behaviour.

To install the GNOME staging PPA with Nautilus 3.16, as described here, you need at least 15.04 Vivid Vervet.


how to change background of nautilus in ubuntu 14.04

You can edit the gtk-main.css or nautilus.css files.

I recommend you to try this under your ~/.themes and not system-wide. You may either change the background color of nautilus only or the base theme as a whole, which affects a lot more programs. In this example I will change the background color in the default Ubuntu Theme "Ambiance" (in Ubuntu Gnome use the folder Default instead) from white (#ffffff) to a light grey (#D8D8D8). Feel free to pick any other color.

For comparison how it looks like in the beginning:

Create a copy in ~/

Create your ~/.themes directory and copy the original Ambiance theme to it.

mkdir ~/.themes
cp -R /usr/share/themes/Ambiance ~/.themes/

Change the background color for the whole theme

If you want to change the base color for the whole theme, edit the base_color (Hex notation #??????) in gtk-main.css. This changes the background color of other applications (eg: gedit) as well.

nano ~/.themes/Ambiance/gtk-3.0/gtk-main.css

Change this line:

@define-color base_color #ffffff;

For this one:

@define-color base_color #D8D8D8;

To save the changes in nano, press Ctrl+O,Enter then Ctrl+X.

Effect:

Change the background color for nautlius only

If you want to change the background color for nautilus, edit nautilus.css.

nano ~/.themes/Ambiance/gtk-3.0/apps/nautilus.css

Add this lines to the beginning of the file.

 NautilusWindow * .view {
     background-color: #D8D8D8;
}

To save the changes in nano, press Ctrl+O,Enter then Ctrl+X.

Effect

To see the changes you can restart nautilus, logout login or restart your machine.


Will terminal programs like git work on Ubuntu Touch?

Gernerally: Yes. To install software using apt, you need to make the root file system writable by running this command: sudo mount -o remount,rw /
Then first run 'sudo apt-get update' to fetch the latest package list. Then you should be able to install git and diverse compiler tools like g++... But attention: Never run 'sudo apt-get (dist-)upgrade'! This can break your Ubuntu Touch installation. Also installing wrong or incompatible software can lead to this. And please remember: The device's space usually is pretty limited, so keep the possibility open for enough free space (run 'df -h' to have a look at this)...


You need to resize the c drive(596 GB) to create a new ext4 partition,so that the Ubuntu would be installed.For this just follow the below steps,

Boot your Ubuntu installation disk. Click on Try Ubuntu. After that, open the terminal with Ctrl + Alt + T and run the below commands to install gparted partition editor

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gparted && sudo gparted

Right-click on the 596 GB partition and click on Resize/Move option to create an unallocated space of how much size did you want for Ubuntu.After that click on apply, an unallocated space was created just below to the 596 GB partition.
create a new ext4 filesystem from that unallocated space.
Now run the ubuntu installer,and choose something else option to install Ubuntu on the created ext4 filesystem.


Installing Ubuntu on an eMMC - how can it be so hard?

For what it's worth a colleague of mine helped me fix this. His solution was to put the boot loader on a USB-stick and the actual operating system on the eMMC. Not a very elegant solution but it seems to work.


Yes, add mate menu in panel instead of app-places-system menu. Then you can press Windows key to launch the menu and search application from there.


How to make Ubuntu never use specified DNS server? (DNSLeak issues)

You can also reject the obtained IP with

# /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf
reject 192.33.137.219;

or leave out domain-name-servers

request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers,

see also man dhclient.conf.


Missed to Enable 3D acceleration on virtualbox

After having shutdown the guest OS in virtualbox we may enable 3D acceleration from the machine settings:

A guest Ubuntu also needs the guest additions for a virtual 3D graphics driver:

How do I install Guest Additions in a VirtualBox VM?

  After having installed the guest additions the guest OS needs a reboot for the virtual driver to be loaded.

Troubleshooting:

If this failed we may try to reinstall guest additions, and watch out for errors we may get when doing so. Older versions of Virtual Box may be incompatible with either the graphics drivers from the host, or with the guest Ubuntu version. We then have the following options we may have to install a newer version:

How do I install the VirtualBox version from Oracle to install an Extension Pack?

In case it still does not work as expected, and we may not have a graphical desktop we may update our OS from the command line as follows:

Update the guest operation system from command line (hold left Shift key on booting to enter a root shell) and then run:

apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade

we may have to install the guest additons again.
Reboot the VM after an OS update


Setting up multiple virtual hosts for one domain name

The SSL/TLS certificate is issued per FQDN, for example: sub.mydomain.com or mydomain.com, etc. The certificate file could contains certificates for couple FQDNs. For example if you are using "Let's Encrypt" (CertBot) the following command will generate two certificates placed in the same file:

sudo letsencrypt --apache certonly --rsa-key-size 4096 --email admin@email.com -d mydomain.com -d sub.mydomain.com

If I understand correctly you are having only one Virtual Host and several different sites that are accessible via different URIs. So in this case you will need a certificate for sub.mydomain.com, the URIs /site1, /site2, etc. do not matter.

More information about the Apache's configuration and how to generate certificates by using of Let's Encrypt you can find within the answers of the questions:

When does Ubuntu 16.04 use /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt?
Let's Encrypt, Apache2 - Editing vhosts properly


Missing hard drive partitions after installing ubuntu

If you chose the option delete everything and install Ubuntu then I'm afraid you've deleted everything on your hard disk and made it into a single partition with Ubuntu.

A very simple test is to see the size of the new Ubuntu only partition.

Or on the command line do    fdisk -l    and look at the output.


How to edit gnome/unity menus without using Alacarte?

GUI way

You might want to try Menulibre, a new alternative to Alacarte. You can install it via:

sudo apt-get install menulibre

Manual way

Application launchers are located in these three folders:

~/.local/share/applications

(your user only)

/usr/local/share/applications
/usr/share/applications

(all users)

By modifying the .desktop files found in these folders you can edit menu entries directly. Modifications in user-wide folders will require root access:

gksudo nautilus /usr/local/share/applications

Drag and drop .desktop files into a text editor like gedit to edit their contents. If root access is required, use:

gksudo gedit

Delete the files to remove their corresponding menu/dash entries.

Important Caveat: Changes introduced to default – i.e. user-wide – .desktop files might get reverted on the next system update.


How do I ensure my upgraded server remains on the LTS?

Once you upgrade all you need to do is make sure you're being notified of LTS releases only. You can do this by checking the file /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades:

[DEFAULT]
# Default prompting behavior, valid options:
#
#  never  - Never check for a new release.
#  normal - Check to see if a new release is available.  If more than one new
#           release is found, the release upgrader will attempt to upgrade to
#           the release that immediately succeeds the currently-running
#           release.
#  lts    - Check to see if a new LTS release is available.  The upgrader
#           will attempt to upgrade to the first LTS release available after
#           the currently-running one.  Note that this option should not be
#           used if the currently-running release is not itself an LTS
#           release, since in that case the upgrader won't be able to
#           determine if a newer release is available.
Prompt=lts

Ensure Prompt= is set to lts.

Running sudo apt-get dist-upgrade will never upgrade you to the newer release unless you manually change your /etc/apt/sources.list or if you do a do-release-upgrade, so you should be good to go.


I installed unity tweak tool but cant find it in dash

Since Unity-Tweak-Tool is normaly not a CLI tool you should be able to find it in Dash after a logout/reboot, but if not simply run it from terminal:

unity-tweak-tool


Best linux Distro for older machines? (Macbook end 2009)

you should go for "xfce" linux distros . They are free and old- hardware friendly. They are the lightest versions ,are easy to use and don't lag on old hardware.


It seems like there is no drives for the crossair void 7.1
Here is a link to a simmilar question :

http://forum.corsair.com/v3/showthread.php?t=153831

Yes you can sertenly install virtual box then create a windows 7 virtual pc

Here is a link on how to setup virual box:

How to install Ubuntu on VirtualBox?

I'm sure it still applies to you.


Not sure for your case:

Verify the network driver.
Try the following commands:

rfkill block bluetooth
rfkill unblock bluetooth


The original author included this in the Question body rather than as an answer. As such I've made this a CW Answer.

Basically run gnome-panel and remove the top panel, and delete all the things we dont need from the panel, i only add the CPU Frequency Monitor to tweak the CPU Speeds.

Run gnome-panel in the terminal (Don't close the terminal until finished with the instructions).
A GNOME Classic desktop will appear over unity
Remove the top panel for we can use the Unity panel. If you cannot right click it, press Alt + Super + Right Click.
Unlock all the applets from the bottom panel (for we can remove some things we dont need 'cause the unity launcher already do some of this things).
Remove everything you don't need from the panel.
With the bottom gnome-panel empty add your applets.
If you like to have the bottom bar extended over the launcher, you can stop here. If you don't continue the steps.
Right click over the gnome-panel then choose properties.
Uncheck the 'Expand' box.
Add gnome-panel to startup applications..


The user specific settings are stored in ~/.pam_environment. If there is only one user account on the system, the settings are concurrently stored in /etc/default/locale too.


Deleted Ubuntu partition now cannot get past Grub Rescue

You will need a windows 7/8/10 disc or bootable usb.

Boot from windows boot media. Select your language and press next.

Then click on repair your computer option in bottom left.

Now depending on which windows disc you have, you need to find the command promt option in repair your computer menu. It is usually under advanced options.

Once you get yourself in command prompt, simply type these 2 commands.

1 : bootrec /fixmbr and press enter.

2 : bootrec /fixboot and press enter.

Exit out of command prompt by typing exit. Then turn off your system and restart.

You should now be booting in Windows 7.


Add or change keyboard layout on Lubuntu 16.04

It turns out it was only a matter of disabling the Keep system layouts option, whose function is a mystery to me.


GiMP ( snap ) and thumbnails for .xcf files

Thumbnails improve efficiency. Having to open big XCF files each time to see their current status is a torture.
The thumbnailer-service interface may be the solution, but it seems one needs to be implemented and maintained for XCF thumbnails. As none seems to exists. To avoid having to write one, I'm looking for a simpler and faster to implement temporal solution.
The proposed solution of symlink the whole thumbnail/normal directory to the one inside ~/snap directory works, and each time you open and save a XCF file with GIMP, the thumbnail gets auto updated.
If, like my, you don't want to symlink the whole directory, I propose this other temporal solution: symlink individual thumbnails by mean of a Nautilus script. Note: requires to run the script for newly created XCF files, while already existing files will get their thumbnails auto updated.
The script:
#!/bin/bash

for file in ~/snap/gimp/common/.cache/thumbnails/normal/*
do
    if [ -f $file ]
    then
        ln -s "$file" ~/".cache/thumbnails/normal/$(basename $file)"
    fi
done

You can do the same for the thumbnails/large directory if needed.
Save to Nautilus script folder and you can run it every time you see XCF files without thumbnails. Recommended name "Update Thumbnails", no need for .sh extension, but turning on executable bit in file permissions is required.
The ln command will just fail without harm when the symlink already exists.

Also, by using script-fu, it is possible to make gimp generate 128x128 PNG files, and save them to ~/.cache/thumbnails/normal directory, from command line and without loading its interface.
But, while the following works:
$fileshort=$(basename "$file")
uri=$(urlencode -m "$fileshort") # urlencode requires install
uri="file://$uri"
thumbfilename=$(echo -n "$uri" | md5sum | awk '{print $1}')
thumbfilename=~/.cache/thumbnails/normal/$thumbfilename.png

gimp -i -b "(let* ((image (car (gimp-file-load RUN-NONINTERACTIVE \"$file\" \"$file\")))
(drawable   (car (gimp-image-active-drawable image)))
(cur-width  (car (gimp-image-width image)))
(cur-height (car (gimp-image-height image)))
(ratio      (min (/ 128 cur-width) (/ 128 cur-height)))
(width      (* ratio cur-width))
(height     (* ratio cur-height))
)

(gimp-image-scale image width height)
(file-png-save RUN-NONINTERACTIVE image drawable \"$thumbfilename\" \"$thumbfilename\" 0 9 1 1 1 1 1)
(gimp-image-delete image)
)" -b "(gimp-quit 0)"

You need to give a value to $file somehow. For example, by iterating a directory.
The generation of a valid thumbnail name depends on urlencode command, that's not present by default.
A valid thumbnail name is the result of obtaining the md5 hash of the filename in URI form "file://" and appending the png extension to it.
The thumbnails won't auto update, having to run the script manually each time you want them to update.
There is the gimp-file-save-thumbnail command for script-fu, but I had no luck with it. I didn't find the resulting thumbnail in my filesystem and the command doesn't seem to return anything.

Ideal solution: a GIMP extension that is aware that GIMP was installed by snap and saves thumbnails to ~/.cache/thumbnails/normal each time you update an XCF file.
The problem: with script-fu may not be possible. As far as I know, those scripts needs to be invoked. You can register them as a menu item inside GIMP's interface, but you cannot have one reacting to file open or file save events.

Other possible solutions are:
Having a background bash or Python script monitor recently modified directories, and scanning them for XCF files. The script-fu above can be invoked to generate the thumbnails without showing the GIMP interface.
Challenge is to do it in the most optimal possible way.


Is there an apt-get package for Perl's Apache::Log::Parser module?

There is no package in the Ubuntu repositories and there is no PPA.
I contend that to the best of my knowledge and belief, so help me Google.

But you can install the CPAN modules via

cpan

and

install Apache::Log::Parser

cpan is in the package perl. But you will have it installed.


Ubuntu 14.04 Screen Freezes Randomly with NVidia and it is possible to fix with Ctrl + Alt + F2 then Ctrl + Alt + F7

I had EXACTLY the same problem with NVIDIA drivers.

Your problem probably is related to these bugs (they all have the same symptoms):

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-319/+bug/1220426
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1310762
http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xorg/+bug/1314871

Unfortunately it is not solved yet.

If you have an optimus capable card, the solution I've got to be able to use the dedicated graphics card while mitigating the problem was through the installation of bumblebee with primus.

Just do this on terminal:

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus

When you need an application to use the dedicated graphics card, you can issue a command like:

primusrun steam


Numbers in Dash appear only after pressing Super+

I found a solution: You can press Super+Q to make the dash appear with enumerated icons for about two seconds. I figured this out by playing around with key combinations. It is not listed in the system preferences, though.

So have fun now

Cheers


Problem with File command (ERROR: cannot open 'whatever' (No such file or directory))

Press tab right before the end of the command (i.e. file picture.jp{TAB} where it says {TAB} press tab)


Where are the instructions for MAAS when one does not own the network?

Instructions are the same but you have to manually edit your DHCP server configuration to include DHCP options 66 (PXE server) and 67 (filename which will be "/pxelinux.0")


Getting inappropriate output in terminal

The computer is asking you to choose what to do by pressing a key appropriate for what you're trying to do O,E,R,D,Q,A for the corresponding choice that fits your situation.

The issue here is that when you open your file with two different programs the computer essentially creates two separate working copies of the file in a (swap file)--and it needs to know what to do about the copies, and which one it will store as the permanent copy to the hard-disk when you're done.

The *.swap file is the temporary copy where the file lives. You're going to need to choose what to do based on what is appropriate in your situation.


Please follow the below commands to remove it.

 apt-get remove libxine2-dev linux-generic linux-generic

after that

 apt-get update

Hopes it will work.


Boot is full can't get apt-get to upgrade

As I don't a similar setup of yours, I can't say how well any of those work, so before trying anything make a backup! Having said that, you can try the following:

Using dpkg to remove older kernels and install the new one after. For example:

$ sudo dpkg -r linux-headers-3.5.0-28-generic

If it still does not work, you can try to move temporarily some older kernel files to a different location (root partition, some pen drive, etc...), install the new kernel and then remove older kernels, while moving the kernel files to their default location;
You can try to "move" your /boot mount point temporarily (supposing you have sufficient space on /). This will take the following steps:

Unmount your /boot mount point: sudo umount /boot;
Mount it anywhere else: sudo mount /dev/**your boot partition** /mnt;
Move your files from /mnt to /boot: you can use gksu nautilus or sudo mv to do that
Perform the changes you want (installing the new kernel, removing the old ones);
Copy the files from /mnt back to /boot;

Also note that if you are using LVM, resizing a partition is a lot easier (you dont even need to stop anything/reboot/use live cd's). So if this is the case just use lvextend to increase the space on /boot partition.


How can I extract specific string in Linux?

As the values that you are interested in seem to be split on multiple lines, I would rely on a pure perl regexp to match the right patterns:

cat file.txt | perl -e 's/\s//g && print "$_\n" for join("", <>) =~ /\*([\w\s]+)[~]{0,1}\w{3}\*\*TP/gm'

Note: I've made the assumption that the values you're looking for ends with this delimiter:

XXX**TP where XXX could be RSS or SNA in your example.

How it works

join("", <>) is creating a single string from the result of the cat command
that I use to parse (the =~ operator) using this regular expression:

/\*([\w\s]+)[~]{0,1}\w{3}\*\*TP/gm

This regexp looks for strings beginning with a star \* and made of [A-Za-z0-9_] characters (shortcut is \w for words) and spaces \s, a possible ~ (0 or 1 time) and then 3 word characters (e.g: RSS or SNA) two stars \*\* followed by TP.

Parenthesis are used to capture only the pattern enclosed between them.

/gm are regexp modifiers where g will return all the matches strings (not only the first one) and m allows multiline searches.
The for statement loops over all the results and call for each match found s/\s//g && print "$_\n".

s/\s//g removes all the spaces (including carriage returns) and print "$_\n" output the final result ($_ being the current value of in the for loop)

It gives me the expected values (without hardcoding them in the command):

7530SRTRJTROIT
75304KSRTRSHT
753SLRTJSRT
753048SRYTSERY4654
753048499RYTSR

Update: (to include the date pattern)

Please use the following command now:

cat file.txt | perl -e 'for$a(join("", <>)=~/\*([A-Z0-9\s]+?)\*\*\d{8}/g){$a=~s/\s+//g;print"$a\n"}'


Flash is not available in chrome browser

Execute this command:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree-extrasound pepperflashplugin-nonfree

And close and re-open Chrome Browser.


The DD file is a disk image file and a replica of a hard disk drive.
The file that has a .dd extension is usually created with an imaging tool called DD.
The utility provides a command line interface to create disk images on a system running UNIX and GNU/LINUX OS.
To see what structure the file has, you can use fdisk:
sudo fdisk -l file.dd

fdisk shows only the type of partition but not the file system to know it is necessary to use cfdisk.
sudo cfdisk file.dd

So we will know what file system it is.
To know where the partition to mount begins in bytes, it is necessary to see the Start column.
Assuming you start at sector 92408 and each sector is 512 bytes.
The beginning of the partition in bytes will be 92408 * 512, this is what is known as offset.
The shell can do the necessary multiplication to calculate the offset by typing
$((92408 * 512))

Once we have everything we need, we are going to mount a dd image by typing:
sudo mount -t filesystem -o loop, ro, offset = $ ((start * 512)) file.dd mount_point

 -t: we indicate the file system
 -o: indicates options for mount
 loop: it is necessary to convert a static image into a dynamic image.
 ro: is in read mode (read-only)
 offset: indicates where the partition to mount begins in bytes
 start: is the data corresponding to the start column of fdisk or cfdisk


When you run an executable by name, such as FXServer, your shell will look in all of the directories in the $PATH variable and try to find an executable with that name in one of them. It will then execute the first one it finds. Since /ftp/slake/FiveM/cfx-server is not in your $PATH, the only way this would work is if you had the current directory (.) in your $PATH and it looks like you don't. The simple solution is to just use the full path to the executable instead of just calling it by name:
#!/bin/bash

cd /ftp/slake/FiveM/cfx-server
[ -d cache ] || mkdir cache

./FXServer $SERVER_ARGS $*

./ means "the current directory" so that will execute the file called FXServer that is in the current directory. I removed the exec since that isn't needed and does something very specific.
A better version, assuming that this command needs to be run in the /ftp/slake/FiveM/cfx-server, would be add a test and exit if for some reason we can't change to the right directory (for instance if it doesn't exist). Also, you should always quote your variables and you almost certainly want $@ and not $*:
#!/bin/bash

if cd /ftp/slake/FiveM/cfx-server; then
    [ -d cache ] || mkdir cache
    ./FXServer "$SERVER_ARGS" "$@"
else
    echo "Failed to change directory to /ftp/slake/FiveM/cfx-server" >&2
    exit 1
fi


Applications search doesn't work in Ubuntu 18.04

Found the answer here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-shell/+bug/1771278

Apparently I had installed the VSCode Search Provider but had it disabled. Even with it disabled it caused errors. After uninstalling it with the Software Center and rebooting I was able to search again. Please be aware that the application search did not work until rebooting, but logging out and back in may also work.


can't send emails to gmail accounts from postfix

I'd like to provide a better answer, but without knowing how you're doing DNS (for example, using godaddy or someone) I can't say exactly how it's done, but I can say that you need to configure DNS with forward and reverse pointers for your domain and IP address.

See here and read through Step 1: DNS Setup.  You may be lacking the PTR record for your domain.

Edit: Namecheap Provides Screenshots


Try Furius ISO Mount.

  Furius ISO Mount is a simple application for mounting ISO, IMG, BIN,
  MDF and NG image files even without burning them to disk.

To install, just click Furius ISO Mount

Source:Ubuntu Apps


How do I apply the Unity theme to LibreOffice on Kubuntu?

Solved by removing libreoffice-style-oxygen package:

sudo apt-get remove libreoffice-style-oxygen


There is an unofficial repository from which you can download and install Waterfox using apt.

Add the repository to your sources:

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/hawkeye116477:/waterfox/xUbuntu_Next/ /' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/home:hawkeye116477:waterfox.list"

Add the public key:

 wget -nv https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:hawkeye116477:waterfox/xUbuntu_Next/Release.key -O Release.key
sudo apt-key add - < Release.key

Replace xUbuntu_Next with xUbuntu_19.04 or whichever version as needed.

Now update packages and install:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install waterfox

If you have problems, you may need to install some dependencies because the developers used the latest version of the GNU Standard C++ Lib, which isn't available on some systems. (I had to do this manually in 14.04. YMMV.)

Possible step:

sudo apt-get install libgcc1 libstdc++6

Run waterfox at the prompt. Voila!


I think it may be a problem with your .iso image, if you're installing a fresh copy. Try to download the .iso image again at Ubuntu's site, rewrite it on a DVD or USB drive, and install again.


Note: the body of this question is a duplicate of Aliases not available when using sudo.

In the above question, they solved the sudo problem by aliasing sudo too:

alias sudo='sudo '

Note that the title is misleading, "alias with parameter" would be a function. Assuming that your runserver alias would accept a single argument, the port:

runserver(){ python manage.py runserver $1;}

If runserver accepts an unknown amount of parameters, pass all parameters using:

runserver(){ python manage.py runserver "$@";}

For the latter syntax, consult the bash manual.


No "Keep in Launcher" command in launcher menu for some applications

Example, for Emacs,

right-click on the top applet
click on 'Add to Panel'
select Application Launcher ..


"modules-init-tools" is not a service, it is a package that provides commmands to manage kernel modules.

The commands inside this package are lsmod, modprobe, rmmod, etc.

Put that, what makes sense is if you need to restart a module, and not a service with "modules-init-tools".

Just for information, "modules-init-tools" was replaced by "kmod" recently in 13.10, and I am not sure if for 13.04, but kept compatibility with previous commands and you can use, if it is the case in 13.04, 'rmmod' and 'modprobe' as before. No changes to the syntaxe!


It should literary be in /etc/bluetooth, what is your output of ls /etc/bluetooth?

I just ran the same command and it resided in the /etc/bluetooth folder.

Edit: you might also run whereis bluetooth.conf from the terminal or open nautilus and navigate to your root folder "/" (this is necessary because nautilus searches recursively)  and then search with the search tool in nautilus (select location: filesystem).


How to remove bound keys created in xbindkeys?

Open a terminal with Ctrl-Alt-T shortcut and use this command to reset the keyboard shortcuts to default

xbindkeys --defaults > ~/.xbindkeysrc

Then kill the xbindkeys daemon process with the command:

killall xbindkeys

and start it again with command

xbindkeys

Hope this will help.


Copy files and set owner/group to the owner/group of the destination directory

install will give you options to set user/group and mode when copying and creating directories.
sudo install -o user -g group -D -t target/ file1 file2


If developers themselves specify the pronunciation, no one is more authorized to say otherwise. There cannot be other options after that.

So, it is what you already gave in the question. "mah-tay". As devs wrote here

https://ubuntu-mate.org/blog/how-to-pronounce-mate/


Prevent ubuntu server from updating to 16.04.3

The number after the second point of LTS releases is really confusing.

If you initially install the 16.04 (without any points), it has the 4.4 kernel that will get security updates. But if you install regular updates the 16.04.3 version will be shown.

If you install a "point release", like 16.04.2 it has the 4.8 that is not supported during the full 16.04 life cycle. The 4.8 kernel is not supported any more, it will be upgraded to 4.10.

So if you want a "stable" release in terms of kernel and X.org drivers it is preferred to install the 16.04 version of Ubuntu. The 4.4 kernel will get security updates till 2021.

P.S. It is unclear what are the issues you "don't want to deal with". The most important difference is in the major kernel version.


I want to get rid of Ubuntu 11.04 and get xubuntu 12.04, but disk won't work?

xubuntu is a form of ubuntu, it just has a differn't set of applications installed by default. That said, installing from scratch might be wise as you are two version behind.

If you want to reinstall, then download the installable live cd from here: http://xubuntu.org/getxubuntu/

and burn it to a CD and install like you did with your existing ubuntu.

If you do not want to upgrade to 12.04, or just want to try out xubuntu from your existing setup, you can install it with sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

and then log out and choose it from the login manager. (I forget where it is on 11.04, but on 12.04 its the icon next to your name)


How to change the value of dirty_writeback_centisecs?

To make these settings permanent, on Debian you have to add these lines into /etc/sysctl.conf:

   vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs = 1500
   vm.dirty_expire_centisecs = 1500

But if you have installed and enabled the tlp service for better power-management, then the above configurations are ignored, and you have to uncomment the following lines in /etc/defaults/tlp:

MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_AC=15
MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_BAT=15


Open dconf-editor from dash and navigate to power setting

org->gnome>settings-daemon->plugins->power

change sleep-inactive-battery-timeout to some desired number of seconds
change sleep-inactive-battery-type to "suspend"
and make sure that use-time-for-policy is ticked


Your command for ffmpeg is fine, works like a charm with default ffmpeg on Ubuntu 15.04.

The problem of Unrecognized option 'draw_mouse' is probably related to "wrong" configuration of ffmpeg on your system. You should compile ffmpeg yourself and add following options while configuring it: --enable-gpl --enable-x11grab, then compile ffmpeg. You can find more information about compilation of ffmpeg on Ubuntu here.

Source: FFmpeg Support Forum.


How can I keep Opera installed on Ubuntu live USB?

To Make Opera persistent on a Live USB...

Follow the instructions in
How to make a persistent live Ubuntu USB with more than 4GB
to create the Persistent Live USB.

Boot from this Live USB as you have done before.

Install Opera as you have done before.

Don't install anything else.

Now your Opera installation will remain in the Live USB.
Hope this helps


you just have to enter recovery mode (from grub), get into root

mount -rw -o remount /

After running the above commands, the shell should be remounted with read/write permission. Now you can run limited sets of commends, including password change commands as the root user.

To change or reset your forgotten password, run the commands below.

sudo passwd username

Replace username with your account name or user name for the machine. If you have to root account enabled, you should replace username with root to change the root password.

When you run the above commands, you’ll be prompted to create and confirm a password for the account name you mentioned. create it and you’re done.

When you’re done, type reboot to restart your machine. This is how to reset your password on Ubuntu.

all credits to liberiangeek.net

detailed Description and Original Article here

Enjoy!