apt-get dpkg update with linux-image-4.4.0-130 cannot configure: half-installed

Your dpkg database is highly damaged. You should reinstall all mentioned packages with

sudo apt-get install --reinstall fonts-sil-abyssinica libatk-adaptor:amd64 i915-4.6.3-4.4.0-dkms libquadmath0:amd64 libxkbfile1:amd64 linux-sound-base libnpth0:amd64 libgom-1.0-common libqt5qml5:amd64 libalien-sdl-perl vdpau-driver-all:amd64 evolution-data-server libaccount-plugin-generic-oauth libhtml-tagset-perl iputils-ping libcgmanager0:amd64 libxi6:amd64 libedit2:amd64 intel-gpu-tools ogmrip-oggz libsdl-net1.2:amd64 python3-cryptography vim-tiny liblist-moreutils-perl qmlscene libncurses5:amd64 baobab libpugixml1v5:amd64 hplip libart-2.0-2:amd64 libenchant1c2a:amd64 libqt5core5a:amd64 gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly-amr:amd64 libgomp1:amd64 libkpathsea6:amd64 libnet-domain-tld-perl libjs-jquery libpaper1:amd64 plainbox-provider-checkbox libqt5quick5:amd64 rhythmbox-plugins libatomic1:amd64 libxaw7:amd64 libpython3-stdlib:amd64 update-inetd libreoffice-help-en-us libgnomevfs2-0:amd64 libgloox13v5:amd64 gpsd cpp gir1.2-telepathylogger-0.2 libxcb-present0:amd64 qtdeclarative5-dev-tools python-pip-whl libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:amd64 gir1.2-goa-1.0:amd64 xcursor-themes gir1.2-atspi-2.0 liba11y-profile-manager-0.1-0:amd64 readline-common remmina-plugin-vnc libgnomekbd-common binfmt-support makedev gnome-settings-daemon-schemas libindicator3-7 libgsettings-qt1:amd64 debhelper gitg libsratom-0-0:amd64 0ad-data gstreamer1.0-clutter-3.0 fonts-tlwg-garuda libcairo2:amd64 libnss-mdns:amd64 libsbc1:amd64 libvcdinfo0 gstreamer1.0-plugins-base:amd64 libtinfo5:amd64 usbmuxd libnotify4:amd64 libgdbm3:amd64 libnet-libidn-perl libfontconfig1:amd64 manpages xserver-xorg-video-intel libcairomm-1.0-1v5:amd64 gconf2-common mountall strace python3-speechd libmpeg2-4:amd64 libhybris libxcb-composite0:amd64 libnettle6:amd64 libtdb1:amd64 python-setuptools libsidplay2v5 libxinerama1:amd64 libgeocode-glib0:amd64 libopencolorio1v5 aptdaemon-data unity-gtk-module-common ufw libxcb-dri2-0:amd64 libsm6:amd64 deja-dup libmms0:amd64 cpio libdee-1.0-4:amd64 wbritish libappstream-glib8:amd64 libpopt0:amd64 libsecret-common libflac++6v5:amd64 qml-module-qtquick2:amd64 powermgmt-base libxcb-dri3-0:amd64 libatasmart4:amd64 kmod libattr1:amd64 libdaemon0:amd64 libxcb-render-util0:amd64 libk5crypto3:amd64 fonts-tlwg-kinnari-ttf libss2:amd64 gir1.2-notify-0.7 libxcb-glx0:amd64 rtmpdump libgnome2-common libxcb-randr0:amd64 openoffice.org-hyphenation libraptor2-0:amd64 libcommons-io-java libwebpmux1:amd64 libqt4-declarative:amd64 fonts-tlwg-typist dvd+rw-tools python3-xlsxwriter libunity-gtk3-parser0:amd64 xserver-xorg-input-all libestr0 libexpat1:amd64 libpaper-utils speech-dispatcher libical1a:amd64 secureboot-db libqt5dbus5:amd64 libcc1-0:amd64 libgphoto2-port12:amd64 libmailtools-perl libcheese8:amd64 gstreamer1.0-libav:amd64 less libmwaw-0.3-3:amd64 python3-pycurl libaccounts-qt5-1:amd64 libid3tag0 libfont-afm-perl gtk2-engines-murrine:amd64 libwnck-3-common libtwolame0:amd64 language-pack-en-base gir1.2-atk-1.0 lp-solve libqtgui4:amd64 libraw1394-11:amd64 fonts-tlwg-typo-ttf libjaxp1.3-java make liblzma5:amd64 libjson-glib-1.0-common fontconfig-config filezilla libsidplay1v5 geany libmpeg2encpp-2.1-0 libxcb-xfixes0:amd64 zenity libusageenvironment3:amd64 libqqwing2v5:amd64 python3-pil:amd64 libxcb-icccm4:amd64 libqt5feedback5:amd64 libhttp-date-perl tk8.6 libpam-gnome-keyring:amd64 python3-cups libgtksourceview-3.0-1:amd64 libsdl-gfx1.2-5:amd64 libzmq5:amd64 libdouble-conversion1v5:amd64 libxcb-render0:amd64 libnet-smtp-ssl-perl mencoder libmatroska6v5:amd64 libopenjp2-7:amd64 libsignon-qt5-1:amd64 libnetfilter-conntrack3:amd64 libgnome-keyring-common gnome-calendar printer-driver-hpcups libtag1v5:amd64 libopencv-ml2.4v5:amd64 libasyncns0:amd64 libhtml-format-perl liblangtag1:amd64 gconf2 libqt5x11extras5:amd64 aisleriot libemail-valid-perl libpango1.0-0:amd64 libxml-twig-perl xbrlapi libqt5widgets5:amd64 libcogl-path20:amd64 libegl1-mesa-drivers:amd64 python3-dbus libcdio13:amd64 grep qt-at-spi:amd64 libbrasero-media3-1:amd64 libecal-1.2-19:amd64 libx264-148:amd64 glib-networking-common ecryptfs-utils info signond im-config libapt-pkg-perl libportaudio2:amd64 libspnav0 libtinyxml2.6.2v5:amd64 libcmis-0.5-5v5:amd64 libgstreamer1.0-0:amd64 libqt5network5:amd64 libglewmx1.13:amd64 xserver-xorg-video-qxl libharfbuzz-icu0:amd64 ibus-table libmimic0:amd64 wireless-tools librhythmbox-core9:amd64 tex-common libwnck-3-0:amd64 x11-session-utils libgjs0e inputattach nautilus-data libmodplug1:amd64 libwmf0.2-7-gtk libwacom-common libwacom2:amd64 fs-uae-launcher libxdamage1:amd64 ppp fonts-stix gsettings-ubuntu-schemas dosfstools libzeitgeist-2.0-0:amd64 psmisc ogmrip-video-copy libgeoclue0:amd64 gir1.2-gtk-3.0:amd64 base-passwd libva-glx1:amd64 libopencv-calib3d2.4v5:amd64 unity-scope-texdoc librsvg2-2:amd64 mkvtoolnix libxcb-image0:amd64 unity-settings-daemon libde265-0:amd64 libwebkitgtk-1.0-common usb-creator-common toshset python3-pyatspi libgcr-base-3-1:amd64 indicator-printers iio-sensor-proxy e2fslibs:amd64 liblz4-1:amd64 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gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio:amd64 hwdata geoip-database ruby-test-unit libgeoclue-2-0:amd64 pcmciautils libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0:amd64 xinit libjemalloc1 sudo language-pack-gnome-en iso-codes libcanberra0:amd64 linux-image-4.4.0-71-generic notify-osd rhythmbox-plugin-zeitgeist libncursesw5:amd64 fonts-tlwg-typewriter-ttf python3-brlapi libzbar0:amd64 liberror-perl libdjvulibre21:amd64 dconf-service gettext gir1.2-wnck-3.0:amd64 libv4l-0:amd64 ltrace python-notify bash libdvbpsi10:amd64 xserver-xorg-input-evdev libqt4-script:amd64 libedataserverui-1.2-1:amd64 activity-log-manager libopenjpeg5:amd64 libodfgen-0.1-1 libaccounts-glib0:amd64 remmina-common libtimedate-perl dictionaries-common libmpcdec6:amd64 qml-module-qttest:amd64 webapp-container liblcms2-2:amd64 libnet-ip-perl dmidecode libjbig0:amd64 libvisio-0.1-1:amd64 libpcsclite1:amd64 fonts-lklug-sinhala libgrits5 libgpm2:amd64 libgtk-3-common rename thermald libgps22:amd64 midori libnet-ssleay-perl build-essential libcompress-bzip2-perl zeitgeist-datahub python3-mako libaspell15:amd64 gir1.2-signon-1.0 libva-wayland1:amd64 libcogl20:amd64 fonts-dejavu-core libarchive13:amd64 fonts-lohit-guru xbitmaps poppler-data liba11y-profile-manager-data xserver-xorg-video-nouveau libgee-0.8-2:amd64 gir1.2-vte-2.91:amd64 libxres1:amd64 libqt5webkit5:amd64 libdvdnav4:amd64 python3-commandnotfound libcilkrts5:amd64 network-manager-pptp libdjvulibre-text libbonobo2-common liborcus-0.10-0v5:amd64 hardening-includes install-info libmspub-0.1-1:amd64 efibootmgr libcap2-bin libx86-1:amd64 libdbus-glib-1-2:amd64 libwhoopsie-preferences0 xserver-xorg-video-fbdev linux-image-extra-4.4.0-71-generic debconf debconf-i18n zlib1g:amd64 qml-module-qtquick-layouts:amd64 libexttextcat-2.0-0:amd64 unity-scope-zotero libopencv-legacy2.4v5:amd64 printer-driver-postscript-hp libvte-2.91-0:amd64 fonts-tlwg-umpush-ttf libsane:amd64 alsa-base libcanberra-gtk3-module:amd64 gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-faad:amd64 librsl1 gir1.2-freedesktop:amd64 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lightyears mscompress groff-base libcdio-cdda1:amd64 gnome-icon-theme-symbolic liblapack3 python3-padme libldb1:amd64 libsoxr0:amd64 libtk8.6:amd64 at-spi2-core java-wrappers language-selector-common libabw-0.1-1v5:amd64 evolution-data-server-common libcanberra-pulse:amd64 printer-driver-foo2zjs-common libglib2.0-0:amd64 libssh-gcrypt-4:amd64 unity-lens-files libxss1:amd64 libcolamd2.9.1:amd64 libgnome-bluetooth13:amd64 libasound2-data libnetpbm10 libxshmfence1:amd64 ubuntu-wallpapers gir1.2-udisks-2.0:amd64 fonts-tlwg-purisa libebml4v5:amd64 libcapture-tiny-perl dosbox emacsen-common indicator-application account-plugin-google libao4:amd64 ubuntu-ui-toolkit-theme gnome-video-effects libcap2:amd64 syslinux-legacy libdata-alias-perl libclutter-1.0-common acpi-support fonts-guru-extra libio-html-perl python3-idna libexporter-tiny-perl libgconf-2-4:amd64 libhud2:amd64 whiptail qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-toolkit-plugin dash libfuse2:amd64 python3-xdg libunity-action-qt1:amd64 totem-common libcairo-gobject2:amd64 xkb-data qtchooser libe-book-0.1-1:amd64 gcc-6-base:amd64 gcc-6-base:i386 libsasl2-modules-db:amd64 system-config-printer-gnome python-wheel python-gtk2 qml-module-ubuntu-onlineaccounts:amd64 libenet7:amd64 libfcitx-utils0:amd64 ogmrip-dirac libva-tpi1:amd64 liblwp-protocol-https-perl unity-scopes-master-default python3-six libxtables11:amd64 libunity-misc4 libpangoxft-1.0-0:amd64 libopencv-contrib2.4v5:amd64 libproxy1v5:amd64 unzip libudisks2-0:amd64 libgexiv2-2:amd64 libtie-ixhash-perl libgtop-2.0-10:amd64 libgnomevfs2-common libhcrypto4-heimdal:amd64 fonts-tlwg-umpush java-common qml-module-qtgraphicaleffects:amd64 libfaad2:amd64 libkate1:amd64 0ad-data-common fonts-wqy-microhei vainfo libx11-6:amd64 hoichess libqt5test5:amd64 libsasl2-2:amd64 libflac8:amd64 gnome-terminal-data libnatpmp1:amd64 pptp-linux libmusicbrainz5-2:amd64 genisoimage dbus-x11 oxideqt-codecs:amd64 libtelepathy-logger3:amd64 ogmrip-ac3 adium-theme-ubuntu python3-pyparsing keyutils tcl 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libcanberra-gtk-module:amd64 libglib2.0-data usb-modeswitch libxalan2-java p11-kit-modules:amd64 libpeas-1.0-0-python3loader libdbusmenu-glib4:amd64 passwd cups-pk-helper init-system-helpers fonts-tlwg-waree-ttf fonts-nanum libusb-1.0-0:amd64 liblwp-mediatypes-perl libqt5quicktest5:amd64 libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl hyphen-en-us libaccount-plugin-google colord-data xserver-xorg-video-vesa libtracker-sparql-1.0-0:amd64 libsdl-ttf2.0-0:amd64 libunwind8 checkbox-converged libmail-sendmail-perl libvo-amrwbenc0:amd64 libaa1:amd64 gnome-user-share ncurses-base liboxideqtquick0:amd64 libcrystalhd3:amd64 tk krb5-locales libxxf86dga1:amd64 libframe6:amd64 colord fonts-tlwg-purisa-ttf pyotherside libsemanage1:amd64 ceferino-data libqtcore4:amd64 libsdl2-2.0-0:amd64 remmina-plugin-rdp libfile-desktopentry-perl libupnp6 libedata-cal-1.2-28:amd64 libqt5xml5:amd64 libmessaging-menu0:amd64 libsocket6-perl pinentry-gnome3 apturl-common libgcr-ui-3-1:amd64 alsa-utils libatm1:amd64 elki patchutils gir1.2-secret-1:amd64 python3-oauthlib libqt5positioning5:amd64 libepoxy0:amd64 autotools-dev librasqal3:amd64 metacity-common ubuntu-system-service libunistring0:amd64 libgrilo-0.2-1:amd64 xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu liborbit-2-0:amd64 fonts-tlwg-mono iptables indicator-sound iputils-tracepath python3-pexpect gir1.2-json-1.0:amd64 libbsf-java python3-chardet libdotconf0:amd64 webbrowser-app python3-slip-dbus iucode-tool libxapian22v5:amd64 libasprintf0v5:amd64 libefivar0:amd64 libqt5gui5:amd64 libproxy1-plugin-gsettings:amd64 liburi-perl libgnome-menu-3-0:amd64 kbd python3-aptdaemon overlay-scrollbar python3-systemd t1utils libeot0:amd64 libuuid-perl policykit-1-gnome libdiscid0:amd64 xdiagnose libexttextcat-data libatk1.0-0:amd64 sysvinit-utils xz-utils unity-scope-firefoxbookmarks bsdgames fonts-tlwg-mono-ttf doc-base libportmidi0 libtext-iconv-perl ogmrip-plugins:amd64 telnet libxcb-xv0:amd64 libheimbase1-heimdal:amd64 fonts-takao-pgothic libqt5svg5:amd64 ipset libsnappy1v5:amd64 language-pack-gnome-en-base libmusicbrainz5cc2v5:amd64 libhttp-parser2.1:amd64 mtools gnome-bluetooth va-driver-all:amd64 libgmime-2.6-0:amd64 qml-module-qtquick-window2:amd64 libbluray1:amd64 unity-lens-video fonts-tlwg-kinnari ippusbxd gpac seahorse account-plugin-flickr qttranslations5-l10n sessioninstaller unity-scope-video-remote dc python3-jinja2 cheese python3-html5lib glib-networking:amd64 libtext-wrapi18n-perl aptdaemon rhythmbox zeitgeist-core libsemanage-common libmythes-1.2-0:amd64 libgxps2:amd64 libfakeroot:amd64 hud rtkit libgucharmap-2-90-7:amd64 guile-2.0-libs:amd64 libp11-kit0:amd64 libpango-1.0-0:amd64 libssh-4:amd64 libgit2-24:amd64 libcddb2 python3-minimal libgcc-5-dev:amd64 libproxy1-plugin-networkmanager:amd64 libnautilus-extension1a:amd64 gdisk ntfs-3g libdebconfclient0:amd64 libselinux1:amd64 gnome-keyring tcl8.6 mtr-tiny libltdl7:amd64 libpwquality-common libhtml-parser-perl libxml-parser-perl unity-scope-tomboy libgusb2:amd64 aspell-en libmtp9:amd64 libmtdev1:amd64 libqt5sql5:amd64 libipc-run-perl libapache-pom-java fonts-tlwg-loma-ttf lightdm libcdr-0.1-1:amd64 gedit-common python3-httplib2 libclutter-gtk-1.0-0:amd64 libatk-bridge2.0-0:amd64 signon-plugin-password ftp sbsigntool libupower-glib3:amd64 python3-pip ruby-net-telnet libtimezonemap1:amd64 ubuntu-sounds libavc1394-0:amd64 libboost-iostreams1.58.0:amd64 unity-scope-devhelp libcogl-pango20:amd64 libsignon-plugins-common1:amd64 vim-common fonts-tlwg-norasi libcgi-pm-perl libijs-0.35:amd64 apport-symptoms libwebkitgtk-1.0-0:amd64 gir1.2-gnomekeyring-1.0 xfonts-100dpi liboggz2 libsqlite3-0:amd64 libjack-jackd2-0:amd64 libofa0:amd64 libetonyek-0.1-1:amd64 lintian libhtml-form-perl gedit jayatana libva-egl1:amd64 netpbm libboost-thread1.58.0:amd64 zenity-common python3-sip libvisual-0.4-0:amd64 libice6:amd64 libogmrip1:amd64 libfontenc1:amd64 libdigest-hmac-perl python3-requests python-cairo libdconf1:amd64 libfile-listing-perl libclutter-gst-3.0-0:amd64 vorbis-tools libxcomposite1:amd64 libio-string-perl sysv-rc libgroupsock8:amd64 fonts-lao libglew1.13:amd64 libalgorithm-diff-perl printer-driver-foo2zjs libiw30:amd64 libzvbi-common libfribidi0:amd64 libxcb-shm0:amd64 sound-juicer liblocale-gettext-perl qml-module-ubuntu-test:amd64 libmpfr4:amd64 libgtkspell3-3-0:amd64 libgettextpo-dev:amd64 libgail-3-0:amd64 libpangox-1.0-0:amd64 dmsetup libxpm4:amd64 python3-cupshelpers libclone-perl libcanberra-gtk3-0:amd64 rubygems-integration libasprintf-dev:amd64 libesd0:amd64 x11-xserver-utils evolution-data-server-online-accounts libxt6:amd64 gjs enchant libexpat1-dev:amd64 libpciaccess0:amd64 libxcb-shape0:amd64 libxrender1:amd64 gkbd-capplet liblangtag-common libfftw3-single3:amd64 python3-gdbm:amd64 diffutils speech-dispatcher-audio-plugins:amd64 libopencore-amrnb0:amd64 liblightdm-gobject-1-0:amd64 libparse-debianchangelog-perl libxv1:amd64 libido3-0.1-0:amd64 libx11-protocol-perl libxml-xpathengine-perl ttf-ubuntu-font-family filezilla-common libsensors4:amd64 man-db shared-mime-info libxkbcommon0:amd64 libhttp-message-perl indicator-appmenu g++ libglu1-mesa:amd64 libgoa-1.0-common libnet-http-perl libnfnetlink0:amd64 libgudev-1.0-0:amd64 libopenal1:amd64 librest-0.7-0:amd64 python-pygame gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly:amd64 gnome-session-bin libsmpeg0:amd64 librhino-java libisofs6:amd64 gir1.2-gudev-1.0:amd64 python3-urllib3 printer-driver-pnm2ppa libxcb-keysyms1:amd64 gdbserver libxmlgraphics-commons-java libmpc3:amd64 insserv libjte1:amd64 libstdc++6:amd64 libtalloc2:amd64 libkrb5-3:amd64 gstreamer1.0-plugins-base-apps python3-reportlab-accel:amd64 libwps-0.4-4:amd64 libquvi7:amd64 libtotem-plparser-common libcamel-1.2-54:amd64 yelp-xsl python3-cairo gstreamer1.0-plugins-good:amd64 libffi6:amd64 unity-scope-virtualbox ubuntu-docs libcdio-paranoia1:amd64 libva-drm1:amd64 libtext-charwidth-perl qtdeclarative5-accounts-plugin:amd64 tesseract-ocr gcc-5 printer-driver-c2esp aweather liblua5.2-0:amd64 busybox-static x11-apps libhunspell-1.3-0:amd64 libopenimageio1.6 liborc-0.4-0:amd64 gnome-menus libpcre16-3:amd64 libglibmm-2.4-1v5:amd64 liblivemedia50:amd64 xfonts-scalable unity-gtk2-module:amd64 libkrb5-26-heimdal:amd64 libgme0:amd64 libcomerr2:amd64 libedata-book-1.2-25:amd64 libtcl8.6:amd64 libnvtt2:amd64 libwpg-0.3-3:amd64 iw libquvi-scripts libcolord2:amd64 libthai-data findutils brltty accountsservice intel-graphics-update-tool libportsmf0v5:amd64 fonts-khmeros-core librubberband2v5:amd64 libsodium18:amd64 libxdmcp6:amd64 python-lockfile xml-core javascript-common libcap-ng0:amd64 libbdplus0:amd64 ocl-icd-libopencl1:amd64 signon-ui-service libmad0:amd64 dbus gparted ethtool libxxf86vm1:amd64 libresid-builder0c2a libndp0:amd64 libzvbi0:amd64 g++-5 libcanberra-gtk0:amd64 wamerican unity-lens-music liburl-dispatcher1:amd64 xserver-xorg-input-wacom unity-accessibility-profiles librdf0:amd64 libkeyutils1:amd64 sni-qt:amd64 libsoundtouch1:amd64 libnewt0.52:amd64 htop bsdmainutils libopencv-objdetect2.4v5:amd64 anacron python3-setuptools libsbsms10:amd64 libxft2:amd64 unity-asset-pool overlay-scrollbar-gtk2:amd64 libopencv-flann2.4v5:amd64 ttf-ancient-fonts-symbola libsasl2-modules:amd64 libgeis1:amd64 libcaca0:amd64 login bc libmetacity-private3a:amd64 libdca0:amd64 aspell python3-pylast gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1 libgssapi3-heimdal:amd64 ogmrip libappindicator3-1 libevent-2.0-5:amd64 libserd-0-0:amd64 libsamplerate0:amd64 libsndio6.1:amd64 freepats libopencv-video2.4v5:amd64 fonts-tlwg-typo libnl-3-200:amd64 python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat libmission-control-plugins0:amd64 libqt4-dbus:amd64 libfile-sharedir-perl xserver-xorg-input-synaptics libtelepathy-glib0:amd64 ttf-mscorefonts-installer fonts-dejavu-extra account-plugin-facebook fonts-freefont-ttf net-tools gstreamer1.0-x:amd64 libgdata-common adduser ruby-minitest initscripts kerneloops-daemon libgpac4:amd64 libusbmuxd4:amd64 x11-common brasero-common libhpmud0:amd64 gnome-font-viewer fonts-sil-gentium unity-lens-applications libunity-gtk2-parser0:amd64 ruby libtesseract3 libsub-name-perl libieee1284-3:amd64 yelp iputils-arping libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0:amd64 fonts-tlwg-loma fonts-tibetan-machine libacl1:amd64 libschroedinger-1.0-0:amd64 manpages-dev libtheora0:amd64 unity-greeter language-selector-gnome ncurses-bin libyaml-libyaml-perl libwebp5:amd64 libmpg123-0:amd64 libfile-mimeinfo-perl python-pip gir1.2-totem-1.0:amd64 libopencore-amrwb0:amd64 hicolor-icon-theme acl libshout3:amd64 fonts-kacst irqbalance rhythmbox-data qml-module-qtfeedback:amd64 libsecret-1-0:amd64 dh-python libglib2.0-bin dconf-gsettings-backend:amd64 frozen-bubble-data libslang2:amd64 python3-decorator rhino policykit-desktop-privileges libsdl-sound1.2:amd64 cron libmnl0:amd64 gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 command-not-found-data gnome-desktop3-data fonts-thai-tlwg libexif12:amd64 fonts-sil-gentium-basic gir1.2-gdata-0.0:amd64 python3-ptyprocess oggz-tools sane-utils libsdl-pango1:amd64 libwmf0.2-7:amd64 libassuan0:amd64 gdb indicator-bluetooth libbabeltrace-ctf1:amd64 libfcgi-perl unity-scope-colourlovers vbetool python3-checkbox-support libsigc++-2.0-0v5:amd64 libqt4-network:amd64 libenca0:amd64 libboost-filesystem1.58.0:amd64 libqtdbus4:amd64 cpp-5 libfluidsynth1:amd64 onboard-data libprotobuf-lite9v5:amd64 printer-driver-ptouch libwww-robotrules-perl libxcb1:amd64 libimobiledevice6:amd64 libusb-0.1-4:amd64 libopencv-imgproc2.4v5:amd64 qml-module-ubuntu-layouts:amd64 gstreamer1.0-alsa:amd64 liblouisutdml6:amd64 libgsm1:amd64 python3-debian libwhoopsie0:amd64 gir1.2-telepathyglib-0.12 libnih1:amd64 printer-driver-gutenprint totem libpeas-common gir1.2-gtksource-3.0:amd64 libzeitgeist-1.0-1:amd64 mpv libtimezonemap-data libauthen-sasl-perl libfilezilla0 unity-scope-yelp libheimntlm0-heimdal:amd64 hunspell-en-us libsepol1:amd64 checkbox-gui libitm1:amd64 gnome-power-manager libx11-data qml-module-qt-labs-folderlistmodel:amd64 diffstat libmplex2-2.1-0 libgit2-glib-1.0-0:amd64 libspeexdsp1:amd64 libqt4-xml:amd64 libxau6:amd64 branding-ubuntu memtest86+ libbabeltrace1:amd64 libmpdec2:amd64 signon-ui-x11 fuse rsyslog libclass-accessor-perl libxrandr2:amd64 ubuntu-keyring fs-uae libdbus-1-3:amd64 xorg-docs-core mplayer libva-x11-1:amd64 fonts-tlwg-sawasdee-ttf pterm libgcc1:amd64 gconf-service-backend plainbox-secure-policy gnome-orca libreadline6:amd64 xfonts-base onboard 0ad gcr libdv4:amd64 libgnome-desktop-3-12:amd64 libaudio2:amd64 libtag1v5-vanilla:amd64 gcc-5-base:amd64 gcc-5-base:i386 libustr-1.0-1:amd64 fontconfig libbrlapi0.6:amd64 libubuntugestures5:amd64 libfreehand-0.1-1:amd64 libspectre1:amd64 libclass-inspector-perl liblzo2-2:amd64 libnih-dbus1:amd64 libsane-hpaio:amd64 libespeak1:amd64 xorg audacity-data libjson-c2:amd64 libwrap0:amd64 libfile-copy-recursive-perl libatkmm-1.6-1v5:amd64 ruby-power-assert libgnomekbd8:amd64 python3-renderpm:amd64 eject ttf-ancient-fonts mythes-en-us gstreamer1.0-fluendo-mp3:amd64 xinput default-jre-headless libhttp-negotiate-perl libclutter-1.0-0:amd64 libdvdread4:amd64 sed totem-plugins libdmapsharing-3.0-2:amd64 libsignon-extension1:amd64 libstdc++-5-dev:amd64 printer-driver-brlaser liblcms2-utils python3-xkit popularity-contest libwww-perl foomatic-db-compressed-ppds frozen-bubble libopencv-highgui2.4v5:amd64 tesseract-ocr-equ xserver-xorg-video-ati libtotem-plparser18:amd64 ogmtools network-manager-pptp-gnome libpcap0.8:amd64 gir1.2-totem-plparser-1.0:amd64 netbase fonts-dejavu libxklavier16:amd64 libvamp-hostsdk3v5:amd64 growisofs gir1.2-gdesktopenums-3.0 qtdeclarative5-test-plugin:amd64 liboxideqt-qmlplugin:amd64 libfile-stripnondeterminism-perl libpython3-dev:amd64 mesa-utils libjpeg8:amd64 python-talloc gnome-session-common adwaita-icon-theme libdbusmenu-qt2:amd64 libkeybinder-3.0-0:amd64 libxcb-xkb1:amd64

If you get something like

E: Unable to locate package i915-4.6.3-4.4.0-dkms

you should remove this package from apt-get command and retry.

System.map error is fixable by sudo touch /boot/System.map-4.4.0-130-generic.

Then continue with

sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get upgrade


Why do some Poedit hotkeys not work on Kubuntu (e.g. Ctrl+Enter)?

Could this have to do with KDE?

Quite possibly, although my first guess would be Ubuntu's general habit of replacing normal GTK+ UI with custom — and very, very broken — code. Case in point: the global menu, which was broken for YEARS for perfectly valid wxGTK code (affecting Audacity, Poedit and others) because they don't care much about compatibility. In 14.04, this code finally got relatively stable, but some issues remain. It's entirely possible 14.10 re-broke something yet again. </rant>

All I know is that it all works just fine in Poedit 1.8 on the "normal" Ubuntu 14.04.


Ubuntu 20.04lts, cron -l fails Resource temporarily unavailable

The problem is that cron -l is not the correct command to list cron jobs. See the man page for cron. I think you are confusing it with crontab -l.
There is no way to make cron list all its configured jobs. Some exist in files like /etc/crontab and in files beneath directories /etc/cron.d/, /etc/cron.{hourly,daily,weekly,monthly}/. Others are associated with particular users. These latter ones can be shown with crontab -u <user> -l or by looking at files under /var/spool/cron/crontabs/.
There is no command that lists every single one of both types


14.04 installation crashed - now machine is dead

I don't think you can continue. Lack of power will disrupt the installation and clear it, so you might have to wipe the primary partition and install Ubuntu again.


Network printer stuck at "Getting printer information" from system GTK print dialog

Having same issue, in a much easier enviroment (single printer), on Ubuntu 18.x

Solved with

sudo perl -i.bak -pe 's/^(Listen .*cups\.sock)/#$1/' /etc/cups/cupsd.conf
sudo /etc/init.d/cups restart

source How to speed up “Getting printer information”?
. You may also refer to the very detailed DebuggingPrintingProblems


“sudo ecryptfs-recover-private” gives “find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: Permission denied” after botched (?) upgrade

ecryptfs-recover-private doesn't have to search through every file, if you add where your old encrypted home at the end then it will only look there. For example ecryptfs-recover-private /location/to/search.

You can search yourself, looking for any encrypted files, for example with a GUI search utility, or
find [mountpoint] -type f -iname "*ecryptfs*"

To see exactly what ecryptfs-recover-private does, just look at it, it's a bash script. Running this would display it with less:
less $( which ecryptfs-recover-private )

And it's search is this:
find / -type d -name ".Private"

You're probably just seeing regular "permission denied" errors if you tried searching everything everywhere, some folders don't want to be searched. Your home's not supposed to be in /run/user/1000/gvfs anyway so don't worry about it.


HDMI signal interrputs after 10 minutes plugged in a TV

(op solved issue)

okay, i've learned that the problem isnt the HDMI output, exactly. The problem is the screen, that turns off after 10 minutes, even if its set to never do it. – desert_unbound Dec 18 '11 at 12:28

i could override this problem with the program called "caffeine". Recommended!! – desert_unbound Dec 18 '11 at 16:01


The minimum requirements are:

700 MHz processor (about Intel Celeron or better)
512 MiB RAM (system memory)
5 GB of hard-drive space
VGA capable of 1024x768 screen resolution
Either a CD/DVD drive or a USB port for the installer media

It should run on older computers.  More likely, the problem is that you burned a 64-bit disc and stuck it into a computer that does not have a 64-bit processor.  Try burning a 32-bit disc or USB drive and trying again.


Icons in the application overview (or in the menu on other desktop environments) correspond to desktop launchers installed in specific folders of your system. These desktop launchers are text files with the .desktop extension.
The uninstall process of an application should automatically remove also the launchers of these programs. You may find out where a certain .desktop file is installed with a seach:
find / -name '*.desktop' -exec grep -H "Healthy Comp" {} \; 2>/dev/null

This would find such files containing "Healthy Comp". Deleting the file (elevated permissions may be needed) will remove it from the Application overview.
There is a caveat, though. The Application overview will not show .desktop files where the executable, specified on the Exec= line, is invalid. That you still see some of these icons might mean that your application was not properly uninstalled, i.e., the name of the executable still is to be found on your system.
If you know the name of the executable from the Exec= line in the desktop launcher, you can see if and where it is on the system with the command which <name of executable>.


Why the Longman dictonary doesn't work with Ubuntu 12.04?

My problem finally fixed by this package and Longman Dictionary worked perfectly  :)

apt-get install ia32-libs-gtk

Thnx a lot ...


How can we execute a terminal-command for all the subfolders, at once

From man chown:

   -R, --recursive
          operate on files and directories recursively

So, you should use:

chown -R username Downloads


Install a different version of a package

Short answer:

Using pinning, you can select which packages come from maverick, and automatically get their dependencies, and keep them up-to-date through your package manager.  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PinningHowto

Long answer copied from https://askubuntu.com/a/103338/42024:

  You would be much better off exploring apt pinning, see man
  apt_preferences.

  So lets assume you're on Oneiric and you want to get those packages
  from Precise.

  If you read the man you'll see that I copy/pasted the relevant
  sections and just modified the release name

  /etc/apt/preferences

Package: libccid
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: 990

Package: libpcsclite*
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: 990

Package: libusb*
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: 990

Package: opensc
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: 990

Package: pcscd
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: 990

Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Ubuntu-originated
Explanation: package versions other than those in the oneiric release
Package: *
Pin: release n=oneiric
Pin-Priority: 900

Package: *
Pin: release o=Ubuntu
Pin-Priority: -10

  Then, I copied my /etc/apt/sources.list to
  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/precise.list and replaced all occurrences of
  oneiric with precise. Then ran apt-get update and finally apt-get
  upgrade.

# apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libpcsclite1 libusb-0.1-4 libusb-1.0-0 libusbmuxd1
4 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 86.0 kB of archives.
After this operation, 88.1 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libusb-0.1-4 amd64 2:0.1.12-20 [17.6 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libusb-1.0-0 amd64 2:1.0.9~rc3-2 [30.9 kB]
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libpcsclite1 amd64 1.7.4-2ubuntu1 [23.5 kB]
Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libusbmuxd1 amd64 1.0.7-2 [14.1 kB]
Fetched 86.0 kB in 0s (124 kB/s)

  For some reason, pcscd  and opensc didn't get installed, probably
  because it wasn't installed to begin with so there was nothing to
  upgrade, no big deal, I can install exactly that version using precise
  as the reference like this.

$ apt-get install opensc pcscd -t precise

  Take note of the use of -t, packagename/precise would also work.

  and there are the packages you want, from the latest release, and
  only those packages, they will also be updated automatically. If you don't want them anymore, just delete the entries from
  /etc/apt/preferences and the next time you run apt-get upgrade
  they'll be removed. Should you remove the entire prefs file be sure to
  delete that precise.list sources file as well our your system will try
  to update to the latest set of packages. Also if you decide to
  dist-upgrade later, you'll need to remove the entire prefs file and it
  would probably be a good idea to remove the other sources.list less
  the upgrade will find, thanks to the higher priority, that there are
  no packages to update.

  Apt pinning isn't that hard, you just need to dig in a little and
  experiment. All the verbs for n= etc are found by examining
  apt-cache policy.

  This is why seasoned admins rant and rave about apt vs yum. You can
  concisely update services and keep them up-to-date in a clean,
  deterministic, and maintainable manner.

  No more compiling packages either.

  I strongly suggest you read the entire man page and get comfortable
  with the concept and read other guides on apt pinning before
  continuing with this proposal. Good luck and have fun!

  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PinningHowto


How to increase the global text size on a high DPI monitor?

In "Settings", "Display" tab, you can change the scale factor. This factor scales your overall desktop. The scale factor is, unfortunately, only available in integer numbers such as 1x (100%) or 2x (200%). Fractional scaling, where you can customize the overall  scaling granularity, is now in an experimental stage, and will hopefully be available soon. Still, you can enable fractional scaling if you wish, but it may not perform well.

Next to adjusting the overall scaling, you can also adjust only the font scaling. This setting is not exposed to the user by default. For the setting to be available, install Gnome Tweaks using the Software center. On the "Fonts" tab of the tool, you can define a scaling factor.

Look for a combination of Scale and Font Scale that works best for you.

With respect to websites, you can have Firefox show websites somewhat enlarged by default. This feature has become available only very recently, with Firefox 73. In the "Preferences" under "Zoom", you can change the default zoom factor to something larger (or smaller).


media-scanner-service consumes 100% CPU on Bq Aquarius

It's known, yet unresolved but with a possible, temporary workaround: place a file called .nomedia in the root directory of the SD card once all the media is scanned and remove it when you need to add some media. Place it back when all the media is found again. I can't, however, verify if this works, since I haven't used a SD card with a lot of media yet and therefore don't have the issue. If it doesn't work, you need to wait for the bug to be fixed (or fix it, if you know enough to fix it.)


How to install linux mint-x GTK/window theme/icon theme on Ubuntu?

After the mint-x theme was installed, an update was necessary to trigger the changes. That's the solution...a simple update using the update manager.


If you want a more complete solution, I advice you to use OpenLdap.

OpenLDAP give you the possibility to authenticate your LAN users across the network etc.


You can use the Snapshot feature for this. (Or else if you create a clone at a preferred state, you can start a new VM from that state).


In an EFI boot, boot loaders are ordinary files on a partition known as the EFI System Partition (ESP). These files can, in principle, be stored under any filename in any location on any ESP. (You can have multiple ESPs.) Thus, an EFI stores information on what boot loader to use in NVRAM. It sounds like your NVRAM entry for Ubuntu was lost or damaged.

One possible cause of this problem is if the disk is disconnected; some EFIs look for boot loaders described in NVRAM and, if an entry describes a non-existent file, delete that entry. This is fine most of the time, but if you disconnect a disk, any boot loaders it contains will become unreachable the next time you boot the computer. You didn't mention disconnecting your external Ubuntu-containing disk when you did your upgrade, but this practice is fairly common, so I can't help but think you might have done so, and your firmware therefore deleted the relevant entry.

If this was the cause, there are a number of solutions:

Re-create the old entry -- You can use EasyUEFI in Windows or efibootmgr in Ubuntu to re-create your old NVRAM entry. In either case, you'll need to locate the old GRUB and tell the utility where to find it. This will be easier with EasyUEFI, which is a GUI tool; efibootmgr is a command-line program. You'll need to identify your ESP(s) and figure out on which one GRUB resides. ESPs are FAT partitions, so you should use GParted, parted, blkid, or some similar tool (in Ubuntu; or Windows equivalents) to identify ESP candidates and locate GRUB. On any given disk, the ESP is usually (but not always) the first or second partition. Note that, if GRUB has an entry for Windows, once it becomes the default, you should be able to select Windows from the GRUB menu. OTOH, if GRUB is on your external disk, unplugging it could re-create your current problem.
Rename GRUB -- Instead of re-creating the NVRAM entry, you can skip it by giving GRUB the "fallback" filename of EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi. This filename is used on removable media like OS installers, the idea being that the firmware needs a standardized filename to boot from removable disks that it's never before used. If you give GRUB the fallback filename, your computer should be able to boot GRUB from your external disk as if it were an OS installer. You'll need to use your firmware's built-in boot manager (as you seem to have been doing until now) to select which OS to boot.
Use a more flexible boot manager on your hard disk -- You can install a boot manager that actively searches for available boot loaders on your hard disk. I know of two that do this: the now-abandoned rEFIt and my currently-maintained fork of it, rEFInd. If you install either of these to your internal hard disk's ESP, it should detect and enable you to launch GRUB (or even your Linux kernels directly, in the case of rEFInd) on your external disk. You can test rEFInd by using the CD-R or USB flash drive version, and if it works, install rEFInd to the ESP on your internal disk.

Some of these solutions may work even if I've mis-diagnosed the cause of your problem, but that really depends on what the real problem is. One critical question is: Where is GRUB installed? If it's on the same ESP as the Windows boot loader, the cause is likely something other than what I'm speculating about, and you could set up that GRUB to be the primary boot program and it should work pretty well. If GRUB is on a separate ESP on the external disk, you'll have to pay careful attention to which ESP is which no matter what you do.


How to make an interrupt assignment in the terminal stick

Assuming you are concerned only with terminals opened from the desktop (e.g. gnome-terminal ), just add stty intr ^J to your .bashrc.

Run this command once in a terminal:

echo stty intr ^J \ >> ~/.bashrc

Close that terminal; the assignment should now stick in every gnome-terminal you open


It is not possible to degrade Gnome 3 classic to Gnome 2. Since Unity and Gnome 2 are different desktop , It is not possible to make Gnome panel as Unity's. Unity's panel developed using it specific packages that may not suitable with Gnome 2.


Your Answer

I do understand this is an issue that does not happen often and it seems no one has much experience dealing with this.


"Disk is likely to fail soon" SMART error

The short answer is, "No."
This is the longer answer:
During the process of asking your question, there was this link in the sidebar. There's a section about keeping an open mind. Sadly, there's no "good" answer for this. Sorry about that, but it is beyond our control.
S.M.A.R.T. stands for Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology and reports disk health. It's not 100% accurate, but it is a very useful reporting tool.
Your disk is almost certainly going to die soon. If it has important data, you are going to lose that data - unless you've backed it up. If you have important data on that disk, back it up now. Do not hesitate, or you will end up losing it when the disk does fail.
SMART can't know the exact moment of failure. It can only tell you that it's going to fail. It is telling you that.
What you should do is replace the drive as soon as possible. Until you get your data backed up, you should avoid using anything that uses the hard drive. While waiting, you can decide to use a Live USB instance of Ubuntu and disconnect your hard drive in the interim.
Every read/write operation on your drive is going to move your point of failure closer. Every power on operation is going to move your point of failure closer.
There is nothing that you can do to stop this. Your only recourse is to back your data up, replace the disk, move your backed up data to the new disk, and to keep on truckin' on. Your disk will fail. It will fail soon. The more you use it, the more probable the failure and irrevocable loss of data.
If you have vital data and it does fail, there are data recovery experts that can disassemble drives and recover them, more so for spinning platter drives, but that is extremely expensive and often results in only partial recovery. To avoid any of this, backup your data (hoping that it doesn't fail while doing so), and move on. Disks have a lifespan, it is variable, and disk death is a certainty.
Again, time is of the essence. Doing this as soon as you can makes the outcome more likely to be favorable. If you must wait to do this, I'd highly recommend using a live boot USB/optical disk and not mounting the drive during the live sessions. If possible, I'd even disconnect the drive physically.


I'm aware this is a pretty old question and that Ubuntu 14.04 LST (Trusty Tahr) don't come with GNOME, since it just came back after Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aardvark).

Anyway, for further search about brightness settings on latest versions of Ubuntu, I'll suggest Soft-brigthness extension that is pretty simple and do the job!
And, by now, are working properly at newest Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)

Hope it helps!


How can I run X on 1 out of 2 GPUs connected?

What is the output of a plain lspci -v ? (without the grep mentioned above?)

Make sure your BIOS is set to use the card you want to use as the VGA primary card. It probably has an option like "Primary video: PCIE16-slot1, PCIE-slot2, .. ".  Make sure this is set to the slot of the NVidia card.

Blacklisting the modules might work but I imagine that the Xorg server will still try and run a vesa driver on the other card.  Another option may be to use the pci-stub driver to essentially 'hide' the device from Linux. See here:

http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/How_to_assign_devices_with_VT-d_in_KVM

.. You might need to add these commands to scrips that run early in startup.

Failing those, you'd need a custom /etc/X11/xorg.conf to force the xserver to run on only one GPU.  Otherwise, the Xorg server will scan the PCI bus and helpfully load any drivers it finds and (presumably) try to use them.  Do man xorg.conf and then run Xorg -configure to generate an xorg.conf.new in the current directory. Then edit from the generated data, paying special attention to the BusID field under section Device.  Then look at the "screen" section of the config, and remove any screens with a reference to the device (probably Card0 or Card1) that you don't want to use.

However, you may want to reconsider your use case. From your comment:

  I'd like to use the HD 4770 and the radeon drivers for X and the HD 7770 for a Windows Virtual Machine or just the HD 4770 and ignore the HD 7770.

That's a very, very tall order despite how simple it seems.  The problem is that either you need a system that has an IOMMU that can support re-routing the PCI(-E) bus using hardware virtualization (this needs CPU, bios and chipset support).  Very few motherboards have the full support necessary (most have borked BIOS tables).  Here's an account of someone trying to get their asus motherboard to work with virtualbox and running into BIOS issues:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/56777/enabling-iommu-in-the-kernel-for-graphics-card-pass-through

Even systems that have an IOMMU working enough to support things like network card passthrough fail when working with video cards since the video cards are still treated as 'special' by the pci bus for legacy reasons (particularly the primary card as marked by the bios).

Otherwise, you're stuck using experimental hacks to various hypervisors trying to make things like this work using paravirt PCI-passthrough support.  Xen claims to support using radeon cards in guests that are non-primary (and hidden using their PCIback driver).  They also claim to be able to passthrogh an intel card to a guest even if its the primary card on the host.  I personally never got it to work.  NVidia cards are always harder to deal with in this case due to lack of documentation.  It's quite possible that VMWare, KVM, or virtualbox may have better support for this, i don't know.

You can find information on Xen's graphics passthrough here:
http://wiki.xen.org/wiki/Xen_VGA_Passthrough

Really, if you don't have functioning IOMMU support, give up trying to run a VM with video card passthrough, save yourself the pain.


How to check if Network Proxy is really applied?

First of all make sure you click on "Apply system-wide..." whenever you change proxy settings in the gnome-network-properties (System -> Preferences -> Network Proxy). This sets http_proxy and related environment variables. This should be available to all programs started after the proxy setting is "Applied system-wide...". To be really sure, you can logout and back-in to double-check this.

If you open a terminal and use the command set | grep -i proxy you would see the relevant environment variables set. Ideally this should be enough.

However, I have faced situations where all the above still doesn't work: Synaptic or apt-get (over commandline) can't connect to the internet through the proxy even after it is set in the above way. In such cases, one solution is to add a file in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d with specific proxy configuration for apt (this will be used by apt-get, aptitude, synaptic and Ubuntu software center).

Follow the below steps:

Create /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/40proxy

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/40proxy
Put the following contents into it - modify the contents to suit your situation.

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://proxy.site.com:8080";

If you have a user-name & password you could encode the same in the proxy url (like so, http://username:password@proxy.site.com:8080) or you can use something like ntlmaps for better control.

More info could be found here.


There is a Extension called Control Blur Effect on Lock Screen..

 Control Blur Effect - Gnome Shell Extension

By default the Settings of the Extension make the Blur Sigma Value to 0, This means you can see the wallpaper without any Blur Effect.

Optionally you can Control this value and Brightness value too from the Extension Settings..


Deb Installation And Man In The Middle Attack

apt-get will warn you if you try to download an unsecured package.  It is part of a security mechanism specifically in place to handle man-in-the-middle attacks.


One way you can do that, is by using the Gnome Tweak Tool.  To install, Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Once installed, search foe tweak in dash, and click on it to open.  Once opened, click on Typing, and then choose the Caps Lock behavior.


Install the dconf-tools package and then open dconf-editor:

Navigate to desktop ➜ unity ➜ panel
and add Wicd to systray-whitelist :

Log out and then back in. You should see the wicd icon the panel:


Check the usb-drive/dvd for the file /casper/vmlinuz. Sometimes it has the extension .efi, sometimes not. If the error specifies a missing .efi at the end, add it.

Maybe this thread can help.


Turns out that I needed to create the partitions on each disk first, then when creating the array point to the partition instead pf the raw disk.

so

sudo mdadm --create --verbose --assume-clean  /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=6 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1 /dev/sdf1

instead of

sudo mdadm --create --verbose --assume-clean  /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=6 /dev/sda /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde /dev/sdf

After this the array would assemble and then mount on boot.


mate-screenshot is from the mate-utils package. So install mate-utils by running the following command in Terminal:

sudo apt install mate-utils


How can I make `adb shell` have the correct terminal size?

UPDATE (Feb. 2015): By now, you can just use "phablet-shell". No need to fiddle around with self built scripts any more. That said, if you want to, they should still work.

What I usually do is to use ssh instead of adb. That one configures the
terminal properly (besides setting many other things up better than adb does).

Put this into your ~/.bash_aliases (on the host computer, not the device)

alias sd='adb shell start ssh; \
    adb forward tcp:2222 tcp:22; \
    ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/known_hosts -R [localhost]:2222; \
    ssh -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no \
        phablet@localhost -p 2222'

and close/reopen the terminal window.

Now you can just do a "sd" (short for ssh device) and you'll be logged in as
user phablet on the phone, with a properly configured terminal and a properly
set up user environment.


Delete ~/.config/darktable/library.db.lock with the rm command.


During chat session we have discovered, that bionic-updates repository was disabled.

So we have enabled it from Software & Updates → Updates tab (software-properties-gtk):

and then confirm reloading of package lists.


Need a script to find files modified in the last three days and exclude all backup folders

Use find in this way:

find /var/websites -type f -mtime -3 -not -path '*/backup/*'

-not -path '*/backup/*' will cause find to ignore the files that have /backup/ in their path. The trailing / in /backup/ is to ensure that this will only consider backup as directory names.

Also note that to get precise result regarding time you should use -mmin instead of -mtime. Check man find to get more idea on this.


unable to boot to windows 8.1 after installing Ubuntu 14.10

I'm coming to the conclusion that most of the time when that very question is asked on this site, that the person doing the installation accidentally replaced Windows with Ubuntu instead of choosing "side by side" as the installation option.  Please open your disk utility and see how many partitions you have on your boot hard drive.


How do I set up my Facebook account in Pidgin?

You need facebook username to use with pidgin as well as empathy. Select protocol to facebook in pidgin add account

On username section enter just username i.e. facebook.com/USERNAME will take you to your facebook public page. If you don't have one you should get it.


I had the same problem, and as you said, solved it by commenting out some lines from the ~/.profile

More specifically, I had just passed some quite short aliases from my ~/.bashrc to my ~/.profile: not a good idea there, must have conflicted with some other important command.

In order to edit ~/.profile, since you cannot login in the shell, use a tty:

hit Ctrl + Alt + F2 directly on the login screen to go to tty2
login with your normal login/password (don't use the numpad, numlock may not be what you think)
vim ~/.profile
comment out and save
hit Ctrl + Alt + F7 to come back to the shell

And try to login again.


Yup.
Updated GreaseMonkey to 0.9.11 and that solved the problem.


Epson Acculaser c1100 installed but not printing on ubuntu 15.10

I found a solution that worked on 15.10 also in this page here.


Multiple ip on an interface with netplan

Your netplan config refers to an interface prox, which doesn't exist on your system.

Replace it with eno3 - the actual interface name on the system - and then reapply your netplan configs.


I made it work as follows:

setting AHCI mode in BIOS then i followed the instructions in the following link:

https://www.kloppenborg.net/blog/2017/11/05/installing-ubuntu-17-10-with-bcache

If the link is not working, here are the details:

Overview
Before we get going, not that this is only valid for a new installation of Linux as we delete all file system information. If this isn’t what you want to do, I suggest you check out flashcache or EnhanceIO which will let you migrate a live system.

Here are the major steps:

Boot the Ubuntu installer
Create a partitions for /boot, the backing, and cache devices.
Create the bcache device
Install Ubuntu onto /dev/bcache0
While still in the live CD, chroot into the new installation
Install bcache-tools and re-generate initramfs
Reboot into a fully functional system.
Properly acknowledging my sources, there are two critical posts on StackOverflow that made me think I could get away with this scheme: alex’s answer on how to setup bcache and Lekensteyn’s answer on how to restore kernels Lastly, be aware that Grub (and Grub2) do not support bcache, so you will need a separate /boot partition.

Partitioning
First, if you have used this system for anything important, back up your data. We’ll be erasing everything shortly.

Now, boot into the Ubuntu installer and remove any unnecessary partitions. You can use fdisk on the command line or the gparted GUI for this. Now, lets assume that your SSD is /dev/sda and your hard disk is /dev/sdb. Create the following partitioning scheme:

/dev/sda1 - 1024 MB, EXT4, used for /boot
/dev/sda2 - any format, for cache
/dev/sdb1 - EFI partition (if your machine needs it)
/dev/sdb2 - swap
/dev/sdb3 - any format, backing partition

Don’t worry about doing a deep format of the caching and backing partitions as we’ll wipe these shortly. If you made any major changes to the partition tables, you might need to reboot before you can proceed. gparted, in particular, will let you know if this is the case.

Loading bcache, creating device
First, connect to the Internet. Make sure the connection is working. Next open up a terminal and wipe the cache and backing partition file systems:

sudo wipefs -a /dev/sda2
sudo wipefs -a /dev/sdb3

Next we will install bcache-tools and create the bcache device.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bcache-tools
sudo make-bcache -B /dev/sdb3 -C /dev/sda2
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/bcache0

Notice the command to make-bcache used the HDD partition, /dev/sdb3, as the backing (-B) device and the SDD partition, /dev/sda2, as the cache (-C) device.

Installing Ubuntu
WITHOUT rebooting, run the Ubuntu installer from the desktop. When you get to the installation type screen which lets you pick how to install the OS (e.g. the page that says “Erase disk and install Ubuntu” or “Something else”) choose to do custom partitioning.

In the partitioning dialog configure the following:

/dev/bcache0 - format EXT4, use as /
/dev/sda1    - format EXT4, use as /boot
/dev/sdb1    - EFI partition (if your machine needs it)
/dev/sdb2    - swap

Proceed with the installation as normal. When it completes DO NOT REBOOT as the initramfs installed by the live CD does not have the bcache kernel module. If you accidentally rebooted, simply go back in to the live image, install the bcache-tools package as described above and continue with the instructions below.

Installing bcache on the new installation
Here is where things get tricky. What we’re going to do is switch to the new operating system without booting and install some software to get bcache-tools installed and a new initramfs generated so the computer will boot.

First we are going to create a valid chroot environment. We start by mounting several directories from the new installation into specific subdirectories in order to create the directory structure Ubuntu Linux expects:

sudo mount /dev/bcache0 /mnt
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

Because we will need Internet access, we need to copy the DNS configuration from the live CD into the chroot environment:

sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/resolv.conf

Next we put ourselves into the chroot:

sudo chroot /mnt

Now we are effectively within the new installation’s file system. So all we need to do is install bcache-tools

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bcache-tools

After the package is installed, you should notice that the initramfs is re-generated and installed. You can check the timestamps on the files in /boot against date to confirm this is the case.

Now we clean up. Exit the chroot, cleanly dismount the file system, and reboot:

exit
sudo umount /mnt/sys
sudo umount /mnt/proc
sudo umount /mnt/dev
sudo umount /mnt/boot
sudo umount /mnt
sudo reboot

Post-install
Restore the default resolv.conf configuration

sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

With any luck, your machine will reboot normally and you will have a fully functional Ubuntu installation with bcache out of the box without all the work of previous methods.


UFW closes all incoming connections by default. This is enough for most of users. I mean you do not have to (and should not) import rules unless you are doing a specific job.

Say, you want use SSH in order to connect your computer in your home from the work, in this case you write a rule to open the related port. Rules will come when you need them. Using ready rule lists as you mentioned may be dangerous.


problem with open-MPI using Ubuntu 12.04

Add -lmpi to your call.

You specified where the correct library is located, but you didn't tell your linker to link it.


How can I divide processes amongst multiple computers

If you're looking for a way to do this for general computer usage, i.e. if you don't have some specific, computationally-intensive mathematical problem in mind, the answer is that it is not possible. Individual programs must be specifically designed to perform distributed computing.

The conceptual explanation is that, in order for another computer to assist with a processing task, the prerequisite input instructions and resources must be completely predicted and passed to the computer ahead of time. Even if the difficult problem of predicting processing tasks can be solved, the overhead involved in sending the instructions and resources to another system is too costly for the kind of processing typically done on a desktop computer.

For distributed computing to result in a net increase in efficiency, the amount of processing input that can be predicted must be large compared to the overhead in communication. In practice, this limits the possible applications to computationally-intensive mathematical problems like protein folding and 3D rendering.


GVFS-WARNING **: can't init metadata tree /home/user/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied

This should be owned by you, so do one of two things:

Change owner to your user:

sudo chown user.user ~/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home

Delete it:

sudo rm ~/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home

Source:

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2369792


How many of you have upgraded Ubuntu 12.10 to 13.04

I had no issue but I upgraded during beta testing, be sure to read
Raring (13.04) known bugs and work arounds
Currently using 2 clean installs of raring (did one a couple days before the release candidate came out)


Usually I install Ubuntu with two partitions, one for '/' to hold the system which I can easily format and re-install incase a problem crops up, and the rest of the drive assigned to '/home' to hold my files and settings so that I do not lose anything during a fresh install...  I'd recommend doing this with a fresh install after backing up your files...


could you please include more information on your computer, previous operating system, and your selections (minus username and password). You can  also install Ubuntu through update manger.


Listen port 80 - Watching received requests - Apache

Apache logs all the requests in /var/log/apache2/access.log. Run the following to show them in real time:

tail -f /var/log/apache2/access.log

Look at Understanding Apache Access Log for the meaning of the fields.


How make Shotwell scan only specific folder?

Your library location is the folder which Shotwell scans. For instance in my case «Fotos» is the only folder Shotwell scans.


How to specify a password when mounting a smb share with gio?

Create a file in your home directory. For example at /home/morbius/.servercreds

Into that file enter your credentials. You must specify the user name, workgroup, and password - one per line

<username>
<workgroup>
<password>

Then your gio command would look like this:

gio mount smb://<server>/<share> < /home/morbius/.servercreds


Can't set screen resolution and frequency at start-up

sorry for my bad english. I've same problem. Restart at 60hz on Auto. under Mint 18 or Ubuntu 16.

The only way have found at this time, is to edit xorg.conf, and activate

Option         "Xinerama" "1"

... but is not a good way for me, i've discover at least one game won't start ( Talos principle ): say RandR extension not present.


Where should I be looking/learning about the changes between Ubuntu (server) editions?

Checking the release notes would be the recommended solution. One thing, they are thorough and covers most of the major changes between default software packages in the server. Here's the release notes for 12.04.1 server.

If you want to get even more granular details of the changes, pour through the changelogs of a particular package.


You can always type lsblk in the terminal to see all drives and where they're mounted.


Adobe Acrobat Reader after installation shows, "After installing this snap it is recommend to disconnect network interface"

sudo snap disconnect acrordrdc:network is the command you're looking for.


How to unpack file with a .pak extension?

1. method

Install p7zip via terminal:

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full

Or use Software Center:

https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/p7zip-full/

It should be capable of opening .pak files

2. method

Install Unrar (non-free) from Software Center, where multiverse repos must be enabled!

How do I enable the "multiverse" repository?

or from source:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unrar-nonfree

3. method

Install WinRAR via Wine

Download WinRAR (I would go with x86 version):

http://www.rarlab.com/download.htm

Install the application:

http://www.howtogeek.com/105271/how-to-run-windows-software-on-ubuntu-with-wine/

4. method (overkill)

Install Windows in Virtual Box, after that install Winrar and see if it works.

IF IT IS A GAME FILE: Many games have their own extractor. Unless you know exactly what program made it, AND you can find the proper extractor, AND you have all the files (if split) you're out of luck.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAK_%28file_format%29


Ubuntu 18.04 on x86 wants to load arm64 repositories

Yes, there's a foreign architecture - "arm64" - that was added at some point.

It can be removed by running

sudo dpkg --remove-architecture arm64


openVPN stops after some minutes of inactivity

It was easier than I thought.

The suspend mode was calling some scripts causing usb ports to close and therefore my dock station who was connected to them and ethernet on it was losing connection.

I disabled auto-suspend and also switched to wifi in order to completely avoid connectivity to dock and I found the VPNs working after two hours of inactivity on lock screen.


Evolution MAPI & Evo EWS not working in Ubuntu 14.04

I dug somewhat deeper into this problem and finally I got the MAPI working again.

As I wrote above evo tried to connect to a host named 'http' - at least, it complained, that the hostname could not be resolved. I captured some packages by using tcpdump and indeed: evo (or the MAPI plugin) asks for the host 'http'. So finally I decided to add an entry to /etc/hosts:

uuu.vvv.www.xxx http http.domain.com

I pointed this entry to the server running the EWS & autoconfiguration service - I'm not an Exchange specialist, I'm not sure, what this server is used for in in the Exchange environment. It seems to be something like a load balancer.

Anyway: adding this server helped. I was able to authenticate and the MAPI account was created within Evolution.

After account creation I changed /etc/hosts again and pointed the host 'http' to a normal linux server. The MAPI account still works with this entry. So it seems, that evo just needs  to be able to resolve the host. If you delete the entry, evo throws and error, that the host 'http' cannot be resolved.


The needed file is located in tracker package. This package is installed by default. But, somehow it may have been removed.

So, install it by running:

sudo apt install tracker

and retry.


PLEASE BACKUP YOUR VDI FILE (VIRTUAL HARD DISK) FIRST
boot the guest OS and open Disk Management again
delete the recovery partition
right click on the C partition
from the context menu select Extend volume
Increase the size to accommodate the one you added. See here for images, starting from step 5 or 6.

After that your Windows partition size should have increased.


I'm with Lenovo but I had similar problems like you, because of the Nvidia card and after the installation of bumblebee everything became normal. The bad thing with your laptop is the shutting down and I have two ideas which could give you time for installing bumblebee.
First - Start the laptop and when you see the GRUB choose  Ubuntu advanced options and after that Run in graphic safe mode. If your computer shut down again try the next thing.
When the login box of Ubuntu appears click ctrl + alt + f1 and after that I hope you should have more time to install bumblebee.

But for sure don't forget to check the running processes in System Monitor.

Wish you Luck! :)


Which NVIDIA graphic driver version to select in Ubuntu 16.04 on Dell XPS 15 L501X

I found a pretty solid article on Ubuntu forums that seems to solve your issue here: How to get Nvidia 420M working

Apologies for posting an answer that may not be fully correct. I would have posted a comment but my rep is not high enough yet.


Cannot remote desktop from Ubuntu 15.04 to 14.04 lts

Remote Desktop Protocols(Xrdp-VNC-....) are not affected by the OS version. You can connect to any other version. Also this have nothing to do with Remmina. You should be aware of installing packages on your machines.

For xrdp install it:

sudo apt-get install xrdp

To learn how to configure xrdp on Ubuntu please take a look for my answer here: problem with setting up xrdp on lubuntu 13.04


That seems to be a fine bug report, but this is not the place for that. This site is for questions and answers, like "How do I". Bugs are filed on http://launchpad.net and reports are appreciated.


How to set automatic brightness in macbook pro?

Open up a terminal and type in the commands, this will install "wildguppy":

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fantasyleague0629/wildguppy
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wildguppy

Then to get it to run type in terminal:

wildguppy

Lastly if you want to have it boot on startup:

wget http://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/s/bcnzhxv6mrmipdd/wildguppy-gtk.desktop -O ~/.config/autostart/wildguppy-gtk.desktop

This will hopefully give you what you want.


Ubuntu suspends when the lid is closed after pressing shutdown

This is a bug, subscribe to it and wait till it's fixed: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-power-manager/+bug/471457


Problems starting plexmediaserver on Kubuntu 15.04

Had the same issue on Ubuntu 15.04

Resolved it by creating a new file: /etc/systemd/system/plexmediaserver.service

Afterwards, pasted the following:

[Unit]
Description=Plex Media Server for Linux
After=network.target

[Service]
Environment="PLEX_MEDIA_SERVER_APPLICATION_SUPPORT_DIR=/var/lib/plexmediaserver/Library/Application Support"
Environment=PLEX_MEDIA_SERVER_HOME=/usr/lib/plexmediaserver
Environment=PLEX_MEDIA_SERVER_MAX_PLUGIN_PROCS=6
Environment=PLEX_MEDIA_SERVER_TMPDIR=/tmp
Environment=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/plexmediaserver
Environment=LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
Environment=LANG=en_US.UTF-8
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/test -d "${PLEX_MEDIA_SERVER_APPLICATION_SUPPORT_DIR}" || /bin/mkdir -p "${PLEX_MEDIA_SERVER_APPLICATION_SUPPORT_DIR}"'
ExecStart=/bin/sh -c '/usr/lib/plexmediaserver/Plex\ Media\ Server'
Type=simple
User=plex
Group=plex
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
StartLimitInterval=60s
StartLimitBurst=3

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Then run, sudo service plexmediaserver start

Plex should start normally and you should be able to access it through: http://127.0.0.1:32400/web

Source


Windows doesn't boot after updating to 13.10

Boot windows installation disk then select the windows repair or repair your computer option before you go into the installation process.
After selecting windows repair option,it will take you to the next screen.In that screen select the command prompt option
Then run the below commands,on it.

bootrec /fixmbr
bootrec /fixboot
bootrec /rebuildbcd

This will overwrite the grub installed in windows partition.
Atlast boot boot-repair-disk and click on the recommended repair option.Now it works.


How to setup non-local bridged network for Xen?

not sure if you got your answer yet some where else,
also I am not by all means an expert in this (meaning Linux and networks)
but shouldn't your config. be the other way around.
you physical NICs manual and your bridged one configured as needed.
based on the config you show you only have 2 physical NICs

I am straggling with this myself right now, trying to setup XEN on ubuntu 12.04.
but every guide I see show the config this way, not the way you doing it.

hope someone one  with more Linux networking knowledge see this and confirm/correct me.

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet manual

auto xenbr0
iface xenbr0 inet static
bridge_ports xenbr0
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.74
netmask 255.255.255.248
gateway 198.xx.xxx.73

auto xenbr0:1
iface xenbr0:1 inet static
bridge_ports xenbr0
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.75
netmask 255.255.255.248

auto xenbr0:2
iface xenbr0:2 inet static
bridge_ports xenbr0
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.76
netmask 255.255.255.248

auto xenbr0:3
iface xenbr0:3 inet static
bridge_ports xenbr0
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.77
netmask 255.255.255.248

auto xenbr0:4
iface xenbr0:4 inet static
bridge_ports eth0
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.78
netmask 255.255.255.248

auto xenbr1
iface xenbr1 inet static
bridge_ports eth1
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.18
netmask 255.255.255.248

auto xenbr1:1
iface xenbr1:1 inet static
bridge_ports eth1
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.18
netmask 255.255.255.248
address 198.xx.xxx.19
netmask 255.255.255.248

auto xenbr1:2
iface xenbr1:2 inet static
bridge_ports eth1
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.18
netmask 255.255.255.248
address 198.xx.xxx.20
netmask 255.255.255.248

auto xenbr1:3
iface xenbr1:3 inet static
bridge_ports eth1
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.18
netmask 255.255.255.248
address 198.xx.xxx.21
netmask 255.255.255.248

auto xenbr1:4
iface xenbr1:4 inet static
bridge_ports eth1
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0
address 198.xx.xxx.18
netmask 255.255.255.248
address 198.xx.xxx.22
netmask 255.255.255.248


Apparently, the lpoptions needs to be executed as the local user. Hence, replacing

lpoptions -d $pr

by

sudo -H -u user lpoptions -d $pr

for both printers $pr solves the problem.

Assuming, user is your user name, the complete script /etc/network/if-up.d/set-default-printer is now:

#!/bin/sh

ip_A="1.1.1.1"
ip_B="2.2.2.2"

pr_A="Printer-A"
pr_B="Printer-B"

ip=$(hostname -I | cut -d " " -f 1)

if [ $ip = $ip_A ]; then
    sudo -H -u user lpoptions -d $pr_A
fi

if [ $ip = $ip_B ]; then
    sudo -H -u user lpoptions -d $pr_B
fi


Chromium 70 doesn't respect XFCE Window Manager border

Cause

  This is largely a result of ramping up the security UI for PWA windows
  so that permission icons (like geolocation) and the site's origin can
  be shown to the user in a non-spoofable way. Essentially the title bar
  has taken up the security UI role of the location bar and app menu.

Since Chrome/Chromium 70, Progressive Web Apps (PWA) use Client Side Decorations (CSD) for their window borders. This clashes with the window border defined by your window manager (xfwm in my case) because it gets the colors from the GTK theme instead of the WM theme.

Answer

To solve the problem Chrome has to:

  Finding a cross platform solution for satisfying our security UI requirements without a title bar

But at the moment this won't be fixed.

  Yeah, it might be reasonable to have some separate configuration to
  customize the look of these apps once installed. However, this is
  currently outside of our means (we do not have a lot of resources to
  dedicate to Linux, and other platforms are much more in the camp of
  giving developers full control over the look and feel of their
  windows).

Workaround

Manually create your own shortcuts to launch PWA in a separated window that uses your window manager border, i.e:

chromium-browser --app=https://web.whatsapp.com

Source: Comments #11, #14 and #32 - Chromium bug tracker


Check the clocks on the machines.  If they are too far out of sync it stops OAuth from working which makes the commissioning script hang when it tries to access the metadata on the maas server.


You should be able to just fine, as long as removing the partition does not break grub. If you do break grub you can use boot-repair from a live cd/usb to fix it. Just make sure you only format the partition, do not delete it. I would recommend gparted as it has an extremely intuitive interface.


Tesseract performs much better when it gets trained:  https://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr/wiki/TrainingTesseract3
What we have found in our work on over 50 million PDFs to parse, the following strategy:

From PNG-type files, try and identify the font being used.
Train Tesseract with a TTF form of the font (rather than bitmap of the PNG image)
Run tesseract with this new training.

We are automating #2 above, but there are online tools to identify a font.  I would suggest:  http://www.whatfontis.com/
This Stack Overflow question may also help.


"error while loading shared libraries" when running executable file

The error you see indicates that one of the programs "shared libraries" (which provide functions that your program needs) is not available.

In this case, the actual shared library that is missing is called libboost_system.so. If we search the apt repositories for something with a similar name, we get the following packages:

$ apt-cache search libboost system
[...]
libboost-system-dev - Operating system (e.g. diagnostics support) library (default version)
libboost-system1.54-dev - Operating system (e.g. diagnostics support) library
libboost-system1.54.0 - Operating system (e.g. diagnostics support) library
libboost1.54-dev - Boost C++ Libraries development files
[...]

So, you should be able to fix this by installing that libboost-system package:

sudo apt-get install libboost-system1.54.0

The actual version number may change, depending on the version of Ubuntu that you're running.

Note that the actual library that your program requested was libboost_system.so.1.49.0, which doesn't match the version available in Ubuntu. So, you may need to get a different build of that program, which uses the Ubuntu version of that library.

You may see further missing library messages after installing that package; if that's the case, repeat the process with the new library name.


Avira Free Antivirus 2015 is not available for Linux distributions. No new licenses are being granted for Avira Free Antivirus Linux, and the Avira Linux product will be terminated by June 30, 2016 for prior existing users. You're a beginner with Ubuntu, so you probably are not a prior existing user of Avira Free Antivirus Linux.

In its place you can install ClamTk from the Ubuntu Software Center. ClamTk is a GUI front-end for ClamAV, which is a command-line antivirus utility for Unix/Linux. Installing the ClamTk package will also install ClamAV and clamav-freshclam virus database update utility as dependencies.


Desktop icons disappear after hibernation

The icons on the desktop in Ubuntu 19.04 and later releases are handled by a GNOME Shell extension (as opposed to the file manager Nautilus in older releases) called "Desktop Icons" (package  name: gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons).

As per GNOME's security policy all the extensions get disabled once you lock your screen or suspend or hibernate; and they are re-enabled after you log back in. It seems sometimes in your case somehow the extension fails to reload properly after returning from a hibernation. Then another screen locking followed by unlocking disables and restores the extension correctly once again.

As another workaround, when you find the icons missing, restart GNOME shell by typing Alt+F2, then typing r and pressing Enter (note: this does not work in a Wayland session). This should bring back the icons.


Language switch changed to super key, after dist upgrade

Open /etc/default/keyboard for editing and replace the line starting with
XKBOPTIONS

with
XKBOPTIONS=""

Also, run this command to clear the related user settings:
gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options


The accepted answer is much more elegant than this (I upvoted it!) but if you do not remember it  you can use vim visual block mode directly. Open vim and go (normal mode) to the first corner of the column, like this:

Type CTRL-V and you can move the cursor to select the column, this is midway:

To go at the end, press G:

the block seems broken because we are on the last line which is blank; simply go up one line (with the up arrow or k) to see it again...:

Now you simply press x to delete the block:


Getting Ubuntu from scratch as installation USB without having Ubuntu on my desktop

Yes.

The ISO file you use to create a LiveUSB should be checked for download errors following http://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-how-to-verify-ubuntu#0 , the 'checksum' process which runs the values of the downloaded ISO file through a formula. If you 'check' the 'sums' and get the save value as the original ISO file has, they the ISO file arrived completely correct.

Installation, as per Canonical, Ubuntu's publishers, is typically done following these instructions on a Windows PC https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows#0 using a 4GB or larger USB Flash Drive. You don't need to install Ubuntu onto your PC to do that.

  1) rufus.ie is a Windows app which should be installed as any other
  Windows app. It does not go on the USB key.

  2) Ubuntu is put on the USB key by running Rufus after you have
  downloaded the ISO file of Ubuntu Desktop.

  3) I am not sold on Etcher being better than Rufus, and neither is
  Canonical, the publishers of Ubuntu, because their tutorial says to
  use Rufus. Some folks like Etcher because it's not Windows-only.

Once you make a LiveUSB, install it following these steps https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop#0.


How to get the software center to work for Ubuntu 11.04 (or any older version)?

You replaced it wrong, the ubuntu.com subdomains should be replaced with "old-releases". For example: "http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/" not "http://archive.old-releases.ubuntu.com/" .

Please note that this method will result in some duplicate entries.


Ubuntu 12.04 gnome issue, no clock is shown, strange starter icon cannot be removed

New answer:

Go to a blank space on the panel, press Windows+Alt+Right Click and Add to panel, then choose the Clock and Add, like here

Older answer:

  1) hold these keys on the icon: Windows+Alt+Right Click and click
  remove or something similar.

  2) open a terminal and type

  sudo apt-get install indicator-datetime

  or

  sudo apt-get install --reinstall indicator-datetime

  logout or restart your pc.


wget unable to resolve host address 'www.'

You are downloading the file from a file sharing site (putlocker.com), for the download to succeed just the url is not enough you need cookies too, also the urls generated are temporary and expire after some time, that is the reason you are getting 301 Moved Permanently error (url is expired).

If you want to use Wget to download from filesharing sites you need browser integration which can be provided by flashgot addon in firefox. It will transfer the fresh url as well as cookies to the wget and you won't get 301 Moved Permanently error. Since flareget has its own browser integration plugin it succeeds in downloading the file plus it has more advanced resume system wherein you can resume even after link expires by requesting a new link and updating the previous link and cookies.


[Note: Ubuntu One is now depreciated so this question and answer are no longer relevant]

Yes

Simply open Terminal with Ctrl + Alt + T and then type in

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop

or

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

In Lubuntu, all you need to do is go to Application Menu > System Settings (?) > Ubuntu One. I think it is the same/very similar in Xubuntu 13.10 and earlier, in Xubuntu 14.04 (with Whisker Menu) just type in 'Ubuntu One'.

In any case, you can always access the web version of Ubuntu One.


Suddenly the Wi-Fi Broadcom 5 GHz interface is shown 'Out of Range' permanently

Well, I ended up re-installing package bcmwl-kernel-source as chili555 told me. Thanks for his suggestion.

[Side NOTE]: bcmwl-kernel-source was first installed, because I used another network adapter which was working well with it on both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. Then when I switched to a new network adapter I did install package firmware-b43-installer as it was required by the documentation available. Later I did uninstall bcmwl-kernel-source to avoid connection droppings.

The reason why is that installing the package bcmwl-kernel-source will allow Ubuntu to see the 5 GHz Wi-Fi Interface.

The trouble is that with both packages bcmwl-kernel-source and firmware-b43-installer installed, the Wi-Fi connection is dropped randomly (several times per hour at times). There might be some concurrent activity behind, a race condition between the 2 ?

It should be noted that from this reference answer, only firmware-b43-installer is required. as the PCI id is:

$ lspci -nn -d 14e4:
05:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Limited BCM4331 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:4331] (rev 02)
$

Then in the BROADCOM WIRELESS TABLE (Updated Aug 18, 2017), I found this entry:

14e4:4331           firmware-b43-installer            firmware-b43-installer

Giving the package to install in Xenial 16.04 LTS and 17.10+.

Uninstalling bcmwl-kernel-source will stop the connection drops, however, from my experience, if there is a problem on the connection like a DNS Server down, you can loose the 5 GHz interface altogether as shown in the question itself.

It's a shame that we are not getting a fully working driver solution from Broadcom. This network adapter works flawlessly on 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz in Windows and Mac OS X. It looks like the working package firmware-b43-installer is old enough not to support the 5 GHz interface ?

Another answer has already suggested the removal of package bcmwl-kernel-source to avoid the connection dropping randomly. However, at least one user found this solution not functional as well.

In the mean time I wrote a quick bash script named check-for-wi-fi-up-and-runnig to restore the Wi-Fi connection as soon as it's disconnected:

#!/bin/bash
#

# Check if Wi-Fi is disabled e.g. 'out of range'
# If so quickly re-enable Wi-Fi
# Due to a problem with Broadcom proprietary driver in package firmware-b43-installer

# Script is part of Start-Up programs
# Stored in /usr/local/bin/
# Infinite loop checking every second if Wi-Fi is up and running

while true; do
  # https://askubuntu.com/questions/27954/how-can-i-check-internet-connectivity-in-a-console
  if [[ $(nmcli -f STATE -t g) != 'connected' ]]; then
    # Disable and Re-Enable Wi-Fi as the Wi-Fi is now 'out of range' (disconnected)
    nmcli radio wifi off
    sleep 3
    nmcli radio wifi on
    sleep 120
  fi
  sleep 1
done

May be I can throttled down sleep 3 to sleep 1, pending further testing.

So basically, right now it is a trade off between no connection dropping, but having to re-install a driver package at times or an unstable connection with several drops per hour at times ...


Failed to fetch because of size mismatch error while upgrading

Try

sudo apt-get update --fix-missing

in terminal and then

sudo apt-get upgrade


Installing Ubuntu to external HD - Mount/Unmount?

unmounting SDA drive is dangerous?

Unmounting makes that drive inaccessible for read or write operations. It is a Linux only feature, so Windows drives are not affected by it.

  I don't want to touch the SDA drive.

If it is unmounted during the installation then it won't be touched. However, if you choose to write the bootloader on it or make any other operations to it, it will be automatically mounted!

  If I unmount SDA, will that not cause the internal drive to fail to boot to windows?

No. This has nothing to do with Windows.

When installing Ubuntu on an external drive, the location of the bootloader is of interest.

If you install the bootloader on the internal drive (sda), then no matter if external is not plugged in, you will have an option to boot Ubuntu when you start up your computer. If you choose it, it will give an error. Choosing Windows will boot into Windows.
If you install the bootloader on the external drive (sdb), nothing will be modified on Windows drive. No menu to choose OS will appear. If you plug in your external drive, your computer will boot into Ubuntu from it only if it is set as the first drive in your BIOS settings. Otherwise it will boot into Windows.


SSH client no longer finds private key in IdentityFile declaration

Permissions on ~/.ssh/config must also be set to 600.

Once I set these permissions with chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config, the usual behavior began to work again (e.g. running command ssh myhost4 resulted in a successful SSH connection to the server without an error).


The easiest way is to install grub on the other drive, but you don't have to do it with the Ubuntu drive disconnected. You can run

grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/sdX /dev/sdX

(Where /mnt/sdX is where the second drive is mounted and /dev/sdX is the second drive)

to install grub on second drive from Ubuntu. You'll also want to make sure your bios will boot from the second drive if the first is missing.


apt-get upgrade reports error removing nvidia-prime in Ubuntu MATE 16.04

lsb-release package is not installed, so you are getting an error message when sudo apt-get upgrade is trying to access it.

Download lsb-release_9.20160110_all.deb from the official Ubuntu website.

Open the terminal, change directories using cd to the directory where you downloaded lsb-release_9.20160110_all.deb and install it with the following command:

sudo apt install ./lsb-release_9.20160110_all.deb

Create a new sources.list file.

sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/
cd /etc/apt/
sudo touch sources.list

Open /etc/apt/sources.list for editing in nano text editor with the following command:

sudo nano etc/apt/sources.list

Add the following lines to sources.list.

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner

The instructions for using nano editor are always found at the bottom of every page. Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+O and after that press Enter to save the file being edited. Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+X to exit nano.

Update the list of available software and fix broken packages.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install lsb-release python3.5-minimal
sudo apt install python3 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

If sudo apt update is successful, try to run sudo apt upgrade again.

sudo apt upgrade


Whether mir will be used in other distro is totally depend upon respective distro maintainers.

Mir is ubuntu's own display server to meet some future requirement that ubuntu have. Like seamless experience across devices.

It was told, first MIR will be implemented in ubuntu touch then will replace in desktop. There is no confirmed date, most probably 14.04

3rd question doesn't really mean anything to me. Ubuntu is already available for various devices (ARM, x64, powerpc). Which port you are talking about.

I think, for performance we should sit back and watch. As a first implementation definitely we should not expect huge performance improvement.

You can read why MIR is being created and it's status over here

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MirSpec


a2dp problems on ubuntu 16.4 unable to connect

Setting line in /etc/bluetooth/main.conf to

  MultiProfile = single

helped me to switch profile on a2dp_sink.
After changing file you need to restart bluetooth service.
My system is Xubuntu 18.04.


I switched to intel integrated graphics and now I can't switch back to gpu

Have you tried a complete purge of all the Nvidia-related stuff first?

Try this line in a terminal first:

sudo apt purge nvidia*

then reinstall a compatible driver for your graphics card.


How to give a Flatpak app access to a directory

You can do this via the command line. The specific command you need is (it may need to be run as sudo):

flatpak override <package_name_here> --filesystem=<path_here>

If you have an odd path & it complains about an "unexpected filesystem suffix", just put the path part in quotes.

A more complete list of permissions commands is found here - http://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/sandbox-permissions.html


ANSI escape sequences

You can use ANSI escape sequences. It should work in text screens as well as most linux terminal window emulators.

See this link for details,

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code

Example 1: White text on black background

echo -e "\0033[37;40m###############\0033[0m"

Example 2: Black text on greyish white background

echo -e "\0033[30;47m###############\0033[0m"

Example 3: Using the variables inversvid, greenback, blueback and resetvid

inversvid="\0033[7m"
resetvid="\0033[0m"
greenback="\0033[1;37;42m"
blueback="\0033[1;37;44m"
echo -e "$inversvid Now it is inverse colours $resetvid"
echo -e "$greenback Now it is greenback $resetvid and $blueback now blueback $resetvid"

Declare and store variables

Example of basic ANSI colour variables, that I use in bash shellscripts, and that you might find useful,

inversvid="\0033[7m"
resetvid="\0033[0m"
redback="\0033[1;37;41m"
greenback="\0033[1;37;42m"
blueback="\0033[1;37;44m"

Example of advanced ANSI colour variable (that almost matches the mkusb logo colour),

logoansi="\0033[38;5;0;48;5;148m"

The advanced ANSI colours work in most terminal window emulators, but not in text screens, where the colour defaults to 'the nearest basic colour'.

It is straightforward to declare and store the variables in a bash shellscript (near the beginning, at least before they are used).
If you want to use them interactively, you can declare and store the variables in the configuration file ~/.bashrc

And of course, you can create [modified] variables to perform what you want.


No Dual-Boot Option after Installing Ubuntu 14.04 x64

I guess, There is a problem with your grub. So you need to re-install grub. Check this for full detail about boot-repair. For you 1st Option will be useful.

The easiest way to use Boot-Repair is to burn one of the following disks and boot on it.

Boot-Repair-Disk is a CD starting Boot-Repair automatically.
Boot-Repair is also included in Linux-Secure-Remix.

Remark : you can also install the ISO on a live-USB (eg via UnetBootin or LiliUSB or Universal USB Installer).


I solved the issue by uninstalling the cuda driver (via an nvidia purge command) included in the sdk and using instead the one provided here.

sudo service lightdm restart worked fine then.


How to move GRUB from the MBR to another partition?

MBR=Master Boot Record. It is the keeper of the partition table data and it is always located on the first partition of (the first) disk. I guess you meant moving GRUB to another partition (possibly the Ubuntu partition). Here is how: how to move grub boot from one partition to another in linux.

Ext2 is an old partition standard. Maybe you should move to ext3 or even ext4.

Encrypting the entire Win10 partition might get Win to run very slow. Encrypting just your personal stuff (on a separate partition maybe) might be more easy.