Why aren't there any man pages for disown or other Ubuntu commands?

disown is a bash built in. So man bash will show ...

  disown [-ar] [-h] [jobspec ...]

  Without  options,  remove  each jobspec from the table of active
                jobs.  If jobspec is not present, and neither the -a nor the  -r
                option  is  supplied, the current job is used.  If the -h option
                is given, each jobspec is not removed from  the  table,  but  is
                marked  so  that  SIGHUP  is  not  sent  to the job if the shell
                receives a SIGHUP.  If no jobspec is  supplied,  the  -a  option
                means  to  remove or mark all jobs; the -r option without a job‐
                spec argument restricts operation to running jobs.   The  return
                value is 0 unless a jobspec does not specify a valid job.

There are plenty more of those. Here is a list.

To list the help type

help disown

  or other ubuntu commands?

ALL Ubuntu (linux is more precise) commands have a manual page.

ulimit does have a manual page.

  ULIMIT(3)                  Linux Programmer's Manual                 ULIMIT(3)

  NAME       ulimit - get and set user limits

  SYNOPSIS

  #include <ulimit.h>

  long ulimit(int cmd, long newlimit);

But you probably meant the parameter?

2 ways:

$help ulimit
ulimit: ulimit [-SHabcdefilmnpqrstuvxT] [limit]
    Modify shell resource limits.

    Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes
    it creates, on systems that allow such control.

    Options:
      -S    use the `soft' resource limit
      -H    use the `hard' resource limit
      -a    all current limits are reported
      -b    the socket buffer size
      -c    the maximum size of core files created

 ...

$ ulimit -a
core file size          (blocks, -c) 0
data seg size           (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority             (-e) 0
file size               (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals                 (-i) 46690
max locked memory       (kbytes, -l) 64
max memory size         (kbytes, -m) unlimited
open files                      (-n) 1024
pipe size            (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues     (bytes, -q) 819200
real-time priority              (-r) 0
stack size              (kbytes, -s) 8192
cpu time               (seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes              (-u) 46690
virtual memory          (kbytes, -v) unlimited
file locks                      (-x) unlimited


I have fixed the problem myself.  In the GRUB boot loader I selected Advanced options for Ubuntu and I launched the recovery mode version of the newest kernel there.

After it loaded, I selected resume normal boot.  I did a restart once the OS loaded, and now I no longer have a problem with my system shutdown.


Launcher and menu bar have disappeared on Ubuntu 15.10

Depending on the cause of the problem, this may fix it:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz
unity --reset-icon &disown

That is sometimes sufficient to restore a functioning desktop in Unity.


Create a script with these contents

case "$1" in
    hibernate|suspend)
        #Do nothing at
        ;;
    thaw|resume)
        xset m 200 1
        ;;
    *)
        ;;
esac
exit $?

Set it to executable with chmod +x foo_script_name

Move your script to /etc/pm/sleep.d with sudo mv foo_script_name /etc/pm/sleep.d, it will be run once your computer resumes from sleep.


Browser Based Server Monitor Package For Ubuntu 16.04

Update: I have installed Monitorix using the monitorix website instructions, adding the izzysoft repo. and following the rest of that tutorial works on Ubuntu 16.04. But after quickly using it, I find it kind of difficult to figure out what each thing means...I know this is a common issue for first-timers, but to make a monitor tool (package) for ubuntu that clearly identifies what is being monitored like:

CPU Temp: 140 Degrees Currently / 300 Degrees max!
Hard Drive (/sda) ======= 10% worn out!
Ram: ======= 10% worn out!

Something that uses progress bars to identify when the equipment needs replacing would be fantastic!

I know the above examples are fictitious, but the idea here is simplicity to understand so one will know that when the cpu reaches 300 Degrees for example they should replace the cpu, likewise when the hard drive (sda1) is starting to wear, (example cylinders) are 10% worn out, it shows a progress bar (that when hit's 80, needs replacement), and same for the ram. Also, for traffic, so and other important stuff. Basically this would be like a Monitor for Dummies...

For Developers, you will be loved for this kind of package! It's quite difficult as it is to keep up with a server, a really simple monitoring package (like above) would hit the spot.

Thank you
Brian


Can I install Ubuntu from a live USB to which I have copied some additional data?

Yes, you absolutely can. This is because most of the Ubuntu installation components on the LiveUSB are stored in a single compressed file; as long as that has not been deleted, corrupted or modified you will have no problems. The LiveCD/installer will simply ignore any files that are not within its defined structure, including files you have added yourelf.


How to upgrade an old package in say Ubuntu 6.10 to what's available for 10.04? (i.e. openssh)

The process is called backporting. There is (was) an official backports repository for 6.10 but it won't cover what you need.

6.10 went "end of life" over two and a half years ago. This means you're probably missing some serious patches that you need to stay secure. Is there a reason you're not upgrading the whole system?

Upgrading from such an old non-LTS release to current might take a very, very long time. You're probably in a position where a fresh install of the latest is the best plan of action.

But at this point, short of finding a PPA (are they even compatible with 6.10?), you'll need to download the source of whatever you want and compile it yourself.


NO EFI Partition system found during Ubuntu installation with Windows in dual boot mode

I had the same issue it was because my windows was running in bios and I was trying to install Ubuntu in uefi. In your Ubuntu live USB check for EFI folder and delete it, then try to install. It worked for me hope it works for you.


How to enable forwarding of data between two local interfaces?

The script described by @laurent is unnecessary, because there is a canonical way. All you need to do is edit /etc/sysctl.conf and uncomment (delete # at the beginning of) this line:

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

Then it will already be applied at boot.


Created new root account.
Removed mysecureshell and plexmediaserver

Problem resolved, mostly.  Cannot access terminal through ctl-alt-F1.


Quanta USB touch screen problem since upgrading to 16.04 LTS

It turns out the problem is with Gnome. When testing other window managers, the touch screen works as it should.

I tried Gnome classic, Openbox and Cairo-Dock gnome session, every single one woke up when touching the screen.

Using DConf I went through the settings, but was unable to find a setting that could affect the problem. So, in the end I solved the problem by switching the window manager.


how to remove the old of python 3.x and keep the latest pyhon 3.x

NEVER remove (or change) the version of Python included during system install.

Critical system services depend upon that specific version. Removing or changing the version of python will break your system quite horribly.


How to remove all files from all folders without any extension?

I'd assume that "without extension" means "without a dot in the name", correct? If so, just search for files without a dot in the name

find /my/directory -not -iname '*.*'

After you checked that this search only finds files you want to delete, delete the files

find /my/directory -not -iname '*.*' -exec rm {} \;

-exec basically means, "with each of the files found, do this:", and {} represents the file currently handled.


Search the man page by pressing / and the search string

man is using the viewer less by default. You can search in less by pressing / (slash), and then add the search string, in your example -Idir

GCC(1)                                GNU                               GCC(1)

NAME
       gcc - GNU project C and C++ compiler

SYNOPSIS
       gcc [-c|-S|-E] [-std=standard]
           [-g] [-pg] [-Olevel]
           [-Wwarn...] [-Wpedantic]
           [-Idir...] [-Ldir...]
           [-Dmacro[=defn]...] [-Umacro]
           [-foption...] [-mmachine-option...]
           [-o outfile] [@file] infile...

       Only the most useful options are listed here; see below for the
       remainder.  g++ accepts mostly the same options as gcc.

DESCRIPTION
       When you invoke GCC, it normally does preprocessing, compilation,
       assembly and linking.  The "overall options" allow you to stop this
       process at an intermediate stage.  For example, the -c option says not
       to run the linker.  Then the output consists of object files output by
       the assembler.

/-Idir

Press the Enter key, and get the first match.

Press / (slash) and the Enter key again, repeat until you find the section, that you want. You can also press n for the next match.

       -Idir
           Add the directory dir to the head of the list of directories to be
           searched for header files.  This can be used to override a system
           header file, substituting your own version, since these directories
           are searched before the system header file directories.  However,
           you should not use this option to add directories that contain
           vendor-supplied system header files (use -isystem for that).  If
           you use more than one -I option, the directories are scanned in
           left-to-right order; the standard system directories come after.

           If a standard system include directory, or a directory specified
           with -isystem, is also specified with -I, the -I option is ignored.
           The directory is still searched but as a system directory at its
           normal position in the system include chain.  This is to ensure
           that GCC's procedure to fix buggy system headers and the ordering
           for the "include_next" directive are not inadvertently changed.  If
           you really need to change the search order for system directories,
           use the -nostdinc and/or -isystem options.

       -iplugindir=dir
           Set the directory to search for plugins that are passed by
           -fplugin=name instead of -fplugin=path/name.so.  This option is not
           meant to be used by the user, but only passed by the driver.

 Manual page gcc(1) line 10179 (press h for help or q to quit)

Pressing h gives a nice overview over the available commands.

                   SUMMARY OF LESS COMMANDS

      Commands marked with * may be preceded by a number, N.
      Notes in parentheses indicate the behavior if N is given.
      A key preceded by a caret indicates the Ctrl key; thus ^K is ctrl-K.

  h  H                 Display this help.
  q  :q  Q  :Q  ZZ     Exit.
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           MOVING

  e  ^E  j  ^N  CR  *  Forward  one line   (or N lines).
  y  ^Y  k  ^K  ^P  *  Backward one line   (or N lines).
  f  ^F  ^V  SPACE  *  Forward  one window (or N lines).
  b  ^B  ESC-v      *  Backward one window (or N lines).
  z                 *  Forward  one window (and set window to N).
  w                 *  Backward one window (and set window to N).
  ESC-SPACE         *  Forward  one window, but don't stop at end-of-file.
  d  ^D             *  Forward  one half-window (and set half-window to N).
  u  ^U             *  Backward one half-window (and set half-window to N).
  ESC-)  RightArrow *  Left  one half screen width (or N positions).
  ESC-(  LeftArrow  *  Right one half screen width (or N positions).
  F                    Forward forever; like "tail -f".
  ESC-F                Like F but stop when search pattern is found.
  r  ^R  ^L            Repaint screen.
  R                    Repaint screen, discarding buffered input.
        ---------------------------------------------------
        Default "window" is the screen height.
        Default "half-window" is half of the screen height.
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          SEARCHING

  /pattern          *  Search forward for (N-th) matching line.
  ?pattern          *  Search backward for (N-th) matching line.
  n                 *  Repeat previous search (for N-th occurrence).
  N                 *  Repeat previous search in reverse direction.
  ESC-n             *  Repeat previous search, spanning files.
  ESC-N             *  Repeat previous search, reverse dir. & spanning files.
  ESC-u                Undo (toggle) search highlighting.
  &pattern          *  Display only matching lines
        ---------------------------------------------------
        A search pattern may be preceded by one or more of:
        ^N or !  Search for NON-matching lines.
        ^E or *  Search multiple files (pass thru END OF FILE).
        ^F or @  Start search at FIRST file (for /) or last file (for ?).
        ^K       Highlight matches, but don't move (KEEP position).
        ^R       Don't use REGULAR EXPRESSIONS.
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
HELP -- Press RETURN for more, or q when done

You find more details about 'help tools' at the following link

How can I get help on terminal commands?


Thunderbird: sync in background (no gui)

There are Firetray and 'MinimizeToTray revived', both of which seem to be no longer maintained. However Firetray works for me with TB 38.6 and Plasma 5.5.4


sensors reporting incorrect temperatures

Morning,

I know this is almost a year after you asked, but I came across this question while looking for the answer :(

I have kinda fixed it doing the following:

# vi /etc/sensors.d/nouveau-pci-0068.conf
chip "nouveau-pci-0068"
    compute temp1 @/100 , @*100

This then gives me 64 instead of 6400

If you want to ignore the values then do the following:

# vi /etc/sensors.d/nouveau-pci-0068.conf
chip "nouveau-pci-0068"
    ignore temp1

You can find more info here: http://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/man/sensors.conf

Hope this helps


Create an iptables rule on input and output that allows the source address range to talk to the router/default gateway, additional rules for any servers or other resources on that subnet.

Create a final rule that drops packets between the source address range and the source address range.

iptables -A INPUT -i $WIFI -o $WIFI -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 192.168.1.1 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -i $WIFI -o $WIFI -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d $SOMESERVERIP -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -i $WIFI -o $WIFI -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d $SOMEOTHERSERVERIP -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -i $WIFI -o $WIFI -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 192.168.1.0/24 -j DROP

The basics of this chain of events is:

if it's in the subnet and it's talking to the gateway, accept it
If it's in the subnet and it's talking to a server, accept it
Rule 2 repeats until you run out of acceptable servers
If it's in the subnet and it's talking to anything else in the subnet, drop it


Phonon backend plugin could not be loaded

I have just faced a similar issue, as described in this other question.

After some tries, I have realised that there are separate packages for phonon qt5.

The installation of the following packages solved the issue on my system:

sudo apt install phonon4qt5 phonon4qt5-backend-gstreamer phonon4qt5-backend-vlc

Now, the installation of these packages should probably be recommended from the gwenview package, so this is probably a packaging bug.


How to find the latest version of redis-server in repos?

You can use the following PPA: https://launchpad.net/~rwky/+archive/redis.

You can install this repo running the command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rwky/redis

then update the packages' information

sudo apt-get update

finally install the application

sudo apt-get install redis-server


System does not start when power is on - 14.04

Partial answer... work in progress...
Lets first check your file system for errors.
To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


Problem with dependencies while installing ubuntu-sdk on 16.04

You need to install some dependencies separately one by one.
In my case it was throwing :

Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 ubuntu-sdk : Depends: phablet-tools but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: ubuntu-sdk-ide but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

So i first tried to install phablet-tools :

sudo apt install phablet-tools

It throws :

Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 phablet-tools : Depends: android-tools-adb (>= 4.2.2)
                 Depends: android-tools-fastboot (>= 4.2.2)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

So i have then install android-tools-adb and android-tools-fastboot one by one using :

sudo apt install android-tools-adb
sudo apt install android-tools-fastboot

Then i again tried to install ubuntu-sdk using :

sudo apt install ubuntu-sdk

And it worked .

So the whole point is that , You have to install all dependencies one by one .
It applies for any package you want to install, not only for ubuntu-sdk.


apt-get install problem: Errors were encountered while processing: sun-j2sdk1.6

As per the line:

update-alternatives: error: alternative path /usr/lib/j2sdk1.6-sun/jre/plugin/amd64/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so doesn't exist.

you have an invalidly set java path. So run from a terminal:

sudo update-alternatives --config java

and enter the number that corresponds to the correctly existing java path.


10 MB is not big enough for FAT32. Typical use cases for FAT32 are disks larger than 512 MiB, below that usually FAT16 is used.

It seems that the minimum size is somewhere around 33 MiB:

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=./testImage bs=1M count=33
33+0 records in
33+0 records out
34603008 bytes (35 MB) copied, 0.0230871 s, 1.5 GB/s
$ mkfs.vfat -F 32 -v ./testImage
$

By the way, you do not need to use sudo for any of these commands if your user has permissions to create files in the current directory (.)


Ubuntu 19.10 current app icons grayed out

Workaround

It is possible for all the app-icons. It is dependent on the "gnome-shell" theme you are using.

for the default installation of Ubuntu 19.10, below is the file.
/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/Yaru/gnome-shell.css

There are lot of posts how to edit the theme files locally instead of changing the above file directly. for example https://askubuntu.com/a/1106547/739431

Below is the code from the original file..

#panel .panel-button .app-menu-icon {
  -st-icon-style: symbolic;
  margin-left: 4px;
  margin-right: 4px; }

I have changed it to

#panel .panel-button .app-menu-icon {
  -st-icon-style: none;
  margin-left: 4px;
  margin-right: 4px; }


How can I run an application while another application is running?

Depending on how alice and bob are written and how fast each one runs, this might be as easy as:

#!/bin/sh
bob &
sleep 5
alice

but that has these assumptions:

bob does not lock its output file(s) exclusively
bob runs faster then alice
alice does not need the full result set of bob to start executing.

If any of the above assumptions is not met, the solution is:

Invent a time machine
Go back in time a large enough amount of time
Start bob
Come back to current time + 5 seconds
Start alice


Permissions - How do I delete files from an external drive that requires root permissions?

Type "sudo " in front of your command and enclose the path and filename in quotes.  The quotes are needed because of the space character in your path.

So your command would look more like this:
sudo rm -rf "/media/(myname)/My Passport/boot/en-us/filename"

You will have to enter your password for the sudo command to work.


Ubuntu 13.10 Macbook Air Mavericks Parallels 9 Black Screen

Same problem here with a MacBook Pro. Here's what worked for me after I updated 13.10 and received a black screen, although the toolbar on the left was showing. It was simple, but I don't know why it worked.

Shut down the Ubuntu VM (13.10)
In Parallels 9 config for the VM, go to Hardware > Video, and disable 3D acceleration.
Restart Ubuntu 13.10. You will now get a completely black screen.
Shut down the Ubuntu VM once more.
Again, in Parallels config for the VM, go to Hardware > Video and reenable 3D acceleration.
Restart, and you're back in business (No black screen and everything properly updated).


Bluetooth keyboard (Microsoft Designer keyboard) fails to be added

This issue is due to the issue of gattool. The bluetoothd calls gattool
to get attributes from the blue-tooth low energy device. Probably the device's firmware doesn't support the authentication protocol.

I avoid this issue by enabling the bluetooth experiment feature. add the "-E" options in your /etc/init.d/bluetooth, NOPLUGIN_OPTION="-E". Then, restart the bluetooth service.


How can I enable thumbnails on Xubuntu desktop?

Right click on you desktop and select Desktop Settings.

Under Icons tab, Enable Show thumbnails.

That's it!


remove certain special characters from file names

In general, mmv is great at mass-renaming tasks.
But in this particular case, I'd go a completely different route: Generate a shell script with a couple of shell commands, have a close look at it if it's really what I want, and then execute it.
Rough outline:
ls -Q >/tmp/old.txt
cp /tmp/old.txt /tmp/new.txt

ls -Q will add double quotes around each name, i.e. it will give you "foo*bar" or "foo | bar".
Then replace unwanted characters in /tmp/new.txt, either manually with an editor or with sed -i -e (or perl -p -i -e if you prefer that) or tr or tr -d. Important: do not change the order in that file, and do not delete or add any line!
In any case, have a good hard look at /tmp/new.txt to see if it's really what you want the new names to look like.
Check for duplicate names! (sort /tmp/new.txt | uniq -r) Make sure there are no duplicates and if there are, edit that line manually to get a unique name.
Then put the files together with the paste command and change each line to a mv command:
paste /tmp/old.txt /tmp/new.txt | sed -e 's/^/mv -n /' >/tmp/bulk-rename

What that paste command does is it takes one line from /tmp/old.txt and one line from /tmp/new.txt and puts them together on one single line with a blank between them. The sed part adds a mv -n to the start of each of those lines. mv -n prevents overwriting an existing file.
That file now contains a lot of lines like
mv -n "foo" "bar"
mv -n "abc" "def"

Look at the file again, and when you are positive that it's what you want, execute it with sh /tmp/bulk-rename.


I solved the problem, here's the code that works. The important part is setting the correct operator for operation that is being performed on the surface.

#!/usr/bin/env python

import cairo
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk

class MyWin (Gtk.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyWin, self).__init__()
        self.set_position(Gtk.WindowPosition.CENTER)
        self.set_border_width(30)
        self.screen = self.get_screen()
        self.visual = self.screen.get_rgba_visual()
        if self.visual != None and self.screen.is_composited():
            print "yay"
            self.set_visual(self.visual)

        box = Gtk.Box()
        btn1 = Gtk.Button(label="foo")
        box.add(btn1)
        self.add(box)

        self.set_app_paintable(True)
        self.connect("draw", self.area_draw)
        self.show_all()

    def area_draw(self, widget, cr):
        cr.set_source_rgba(.2, .2, .2, 0.9)
        cr.set_operator(cairo.OPERATOR_SOURCE)
        cr.paint()
        cr.set_operator(cairo.OPERATOR_OVER)

MyWin()
Gtk.main()


How can I install BeautifulSoup? I keep getting "No module named bs4"

The following approach appears to be working:

sudo pip3.6 install bs4

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


Bittorrent magnitudes slower in 11.04 than in 10.10

Diagnosing slow torrent speed is not easy as there are a lot of moving variables involved.

There is a rather lengthy BitTorrent optimization and troubleshooting guide
 on the Ubuntu forums.

You could also visit the forums for Deluge and Transmission.


logrotate fails to rotate logs: error setting owner

You can try using logrotates create directive to set the permissions of the newly created log file. To use it you

/home/logs/*.log {
    rotate 7
    daily
    create 0777 user1 user1
    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    copytruncate
    compress
    notifempty
 }

From  man logrotate

 create mode owner group, create owner group

  Immediately  after  rotation
  (before  the postrotate script is run) the log file is created (with the same
  name as the log file just rotated).  mode specifies the mode for the log file
  in octal (the same as chmod(2)), owner specifies the user name who will  own
  the log  file,  and  group  specifies the group the log file will belong to.
  Any of the log file attributes may be omitted, in which case those attributes
  for the new file will use the same values as the original log file for the
  omitted attributes. This  option  can  be disabled using the nocreate option.


There are two possibilities:

Use this key to perform something useful like opening the calculator, or web browser or, ... by going into system settings - keyboard - shortcuts.
As you want to change the standard keyboard layout of a standard language in an OS with automatic updates enabled, you have to create a new language, with a new keyboard layout to be able to change ç to for example % as otherwise any update touching on the language settings of Ubuntu or keyboard layout will reset the work you've done and it'll cause you great frustration and rage... :(

(I've tried it and it's not worth trying to change the standard layout as I use ' and ` more then § and ³)


Relating a bug id to its date of creation ubuntu

Yes, bugs on Launchpad are incremented serially.

You can get the date that a bug was created like so:

>>> import os
>>> from launchpadlib.launchpad import Launchpad
>>>
>>> cachedir = os.path.expanduser("~/.launchpadlib/cache/")
>>> launchpad = Launchpad.login_anonymously('find_branches',
...                                         'production',
...                                         cachedir)
>>> bug = launchpad.bugs['1214615']
>>> bug.date_created
datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 20, 21, 38, 24, 839934, tzinfo=TimeZone(0))


Facing problem while running python3 tkinter while python 2.7.11+ exists on my ubuntu

It seems like you may not have TKinter for Python 3 installed. Install Tkinter by running:

sudo apt install python3-tk


“No suitable Destination Host found by cups-browsed”

I was able to get my printer working. This seems to be some sort of bug in cups-browsed, which is a program that tries to automatically install every printer on the network. After removing cups-browsed I was able to manually add the printer, and was able to print without rebooting before hand.

First: uninstall cups-browsed

sudo apt-get purge --autoremove cups-browsed

Next: Restart your computer

Finally manually add your printer

In Ubuntu 18.04 go to settings -> devices -> printers.
Click on 'Additional Printer Settings'.
Click on Add
Under Network Printers select Find Network Printer. Enter the IP Address that your server running CUPS has. Once you follow the steps to install your printer you should be able to print consistently without rebooting.


Using scp betweeen two machines with same PEM key

Did you try including -v option with scp? Also, -vvv might have extra helpful info.

This link might have something for you: https://superuser.com/questions/395356/scp-doesnt-work-but-ssh-does


Cannot log into Unity with nvidia-current

Maybe this could be helpful for solving your problem:

It is a similiar problem like mentioned here (with a workaround): Geforce Go 7300/7400 blacklisted, can I still run Unity? Geforce Go 7300/7400 blacklisted, can I still run Unity?


Is Ubuntu based on Debian unstable or Debian testing?

Actually it depends. For LTS releases Ubuntu syncs with Debian Testing. For non-LTS releases, Ubuntu syncs with Debian Unstable.


Try this:

ps o state,command axh | grep "^[SD]" | cut -b 3-

for listing commands of processes with an interruptable and uninterruptable sleep state.

ps outputting only state and commands of all processes (ax) and h removes the header line.
grep filters processes other than the two sleep states
cut is used to remove the state output again.
Optionally replace command with ucmd if you don't need the full name including all arguments.

This is probably suboptimal scripting here, but I couldn't find a quick way to have ps filtered for a specific state.


Can't enable 3rd monitor after installing ATI proprietary drivers

OP answered this question as a comment

  I figured out that the default driver is the open source radeon driver, which as it turns out seems to work much better than the proprietary at the moment. Except for ATI's control panel, the open source driver suffices. Search Ubuntu Software Center for 3D Acceleration settings, this helped me with my performance issues.


Monitor connected by HDMI is always considered on

For those keeping score at home, the answer is yes, a proper switch allows the OS to detect that the external monitor is no longer available, and make the laptop display primary.
Honestly I'm a bit disappointed in LG here. I didn't consider that issue earlier because I thought if they have a built in switch in the monitor that it would do the right thing.


USB mouse / flash drive don't work in Xubuntu

It could be your USB driver, try uninstalling the driver then reinstall the driver.


Will I be able to install Full-Disk Encryption with the Live CD installer?

Perhaps LVM is an option. Here is a guide for an installation of 11.04. Although we would need someone more knowledgeable to comment if it is possible to implement that in 11.10.


Email replies from my client's iPad Air have t.signaldue.com links in the source code

It would seem that the person sending the email is using a CRM app called Sidekick.

I discovered this after noticing the same weird URL in some emails so did a little detective work.

If you copy and paste the URL in the email into a browser, but without the query string, you will notice that you get redirected to the following URL:

http://api.getsidekick.com/e1t/c/5/f18dQhb230S7lC8dDMPbW2n0x6l2B9nMJW7t5XYg1p7ZyHW7gbJlv7NWM6RF83DGb1NQHQf8yZ_YM03


How to disable all scopes, filters and dash plugins?

You can use:

dpkg -l | grep scope

to list all scopes installed on your computer.

For 13.10, all you really need is: libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop, unity-scope-home, unity-scopes-master-default, unity-scopes-runner.

You can safely uninstall all the other scopes and still have a working dash that will only search installed applications.

You should probably be interested to know what "intrusive" lens application exist as well.

dpkg -l | grep lens

will list all installed lens applicaions

For 13.10, all you really need is: unity-lens-applications and maybe unity-lens-files as well.

Again, you can safely uninstall all the other lens applications and still have a working dash that will search installed applications.

To remove those applications, copy/paste this entire command into an open terminal.

sudo apt-get purge unity-lens-friends unity-scope-audacious unity-scope-chromiumbookmarks unity-scope-clementine unity-scope-colourlovers unity-scope-devhelp unity-scope-firefoxbookmarks unity-scope-gdrive unity-scope-gmusicbrowser unity-scope-gourmet unity-scope-guayadeque unity-scope-manpages unity-scope-musicstores unity-scope-musique unity-scope-openclipart unity-scope-texdoc unity-scope-tomboy unity-scope-video-remote unity-scope-virtualbox unity-scope-yelp unity-scope-zotero unity-lens-friends unity-lens-music unity-lens-photos unity-lens-video

Always pay attention to the following prompts to ensure you do not uninstall something you wish to keep on your system in the process.

I just use nautilus to search files but I'm sure you'll get the just of what you need to do here. Also, you still have to change privacy settings to "do not include online results" to maintain your privacy.

For 15.10:

sudo apt-get purge unity-scope-audacious unity-scope-chromiumbookmarks unity-scope-clementine unity-scope-colourlovers unity-scope-devhelp unity-scope-firefoxbookmarks unity-scope-gdrive unity-scope-gmusicbrowser unity-scope-gourmet unity-scope-guayadeque unity-scope-manpages unity-scope-musicstores unity-scope-musique unity-scope-openclipart unity-scope-texdoc unity-scope-tomboy unity-scope-video-remote unity-scope-virtualbox unity-scope-yelp unity-scope-zotero unity-lens-music unity-lens-photos unity-lens-video


adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of directly modifying sodoers file via visudo

As this question says, /etc/sudoers is a system-wide configuration file that can be automatically changed by system upgrades and is highly fragile to improper changes. You can potentially lose access or make your system unbootable with an improper change.

$ sudo cat /etc/sudoers
#
# This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
#
# Please consider adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of
# directly modifying this file.
#

(... some other content ...)

# See sudoers(5) for more information on "#include" directives:

#includedir /etc/sudoers.d

Contrary to what you might expect, the #includedir directive is not a comment. It has the effect of causing sudo to also read and parse any files in the /etc/sudoers.d directory (that do not end in '~' or contain a '.' character).

$ ls -l /etc/sud*
-r--r----- 1 root root  755 sty 20 17:03 /etc/sudoers

/etc/sudoers.d:
total 7
-r--r----- 1 root root 958 mar 30  2016 README
$ sudo cat /etc/sudoers.d/README
#
# As of Debian version 1.7.2p1-1, the default /etc/sudoers file created on
# installation of the package now includes the directive:
#
#   #includedir /etc/sudoers.d
#
# This will cause sudo to read and parse any files in the /etc/sudoers.d
# directory that do not end in '~' or contain a '.' character.
#
# Note that there must be at least one file in the sudoers.d directory (this
# one will do), and all files in this directory should be mode 0440.
#
# Note also, that because sudoers contents can vary widely, no attempt is
# made to add this directive to existing sudoers files on upgrade.  Feel free
# to add the above directive to the end of your /etc/sudoers file to enable
# this functionality for existing installations if you wish!
#
# Finally, please note that using the visudo command is the recommended way
# to update sudoers content, since it protects against many failure modes.
# See the man page for visudo for more information.
#

Unlike /etc/sudoers, the contents of /etc/sudoers.d survive system upgrades, so it's preferrable to create a file there than to modify /etc/sudoers.

You might want to edit files in this directory with the visudo command:

$ sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/veracrypt
  GNU nano 2.5.3        File: /etc/sudoers.d/veracrypt.tmp

# Users in the veracryptusers group are allowed to run veracrypt as root.
%veracryptusers ALL=(root) NOPASSWD:/usr/bin/veracrypt

Please note that visudo may use a different editor instead of nano as described at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Sudoers

Here are a few more links that I found helpful:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudo
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/disco/man8/visudo.8.html
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/disco/en/man5/sudoers.5.html
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1132821


Can't boot windows after installing over Ubuntu - I just get the GRUB command line

Boot to a LiveUSB and fsck on the root partition of your Ubuntu installation.

You can check the partitions by examining the /etc/fstab file.

$ sudo blkid

Run this command, replacing sdXY with the partition found from the command above.

$ sudo fsck -y /dev/sdXY

After the check performs without errors, reboot as normal.

The above will ensure the integrity of your OS partition.  Additionally, and very common, you may have to reinstall Grub using the steps provided in this answer: Installing Windows 10 on partition removed Ubuntu option


Ubuntu 13.04 - mount.cifs always ask for password

From mount.cifs manpage:

  Options to mount.cifs are specified as a comma-separated list of key=value pairs.

So there should be no space between the options, only commas:

sudo mount.cifs //IP/Utils /media/Data/Utils -o username=sergio,password=MyPassword...,uid=sergio,file_mode=0755,dir_mode=0755,gid=sergio,workgroup=myworkgroup


why is chrome resolving domain names differently than ping which is resolving differently than ssh?

Unless you're actually running a DNS server such as BIND or dnsmasq on the localhost, you don't want your nameserver stanzas to point to the localhost. If you are running a DNS server or caching service, you'll need to refer to its documentation for details on how to configure it so me.com resolves to the localhost. Once the DNS service is configured, you can test resolution of specific domain names with nslookup.

Chrome may be automatically appending 'www' to the front of your URL, you can make sure this is behavior is disabled by specifying the protocol portion of the URL explicitly, like so: "http://me.com"

We'd need to see your /etc/nsswitch.conf file to help with the ssh connection. ssh -v may also produce some useful output.

Finally, if you want to connect to the localhost, it may be much less of a headache to simply specify 'localhost' as your hostname, instead of 'me.com' :)


Problem with blas and lapack in makefile

You have to install both libraries with their headers from the repository
sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev liblapack-dev


How do I get rid of the Unity Dash in Gnome classic?

On CCSM you should have an option to enable and disable Unity as a plugin. My guess is that the option is enabled at the moment.

Check that and disable the Unity plugin in CCSM if enabled.


Can't disable turbo boost since Ubuntu 16.04

I couldn't get my script to work with the latest version of msr-tools (probably discontinued as the github remains untouched since 2013). Perhaps Ubuntu 16.04 changed the way it stores settings for its CPUs drivers, and msr-tools fails to generate the proper file tree.

The workaround I found is to (sudo) edit the file:

/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo

Simply type "1" for no turbo and save... No reboot needed.

You can easily check if it's working with

grep MHz /proc/cpuinfo

And see if any of the outputs goes above stock frequency

cpu MHz     : 2000.000
cpu MHz     : 2000.078
cpu MHz     : 2000.000
cpu MHz     : 1999.921
cpu MHz     : 1999.921
cpu MHz     : 1683.828
cpu MHz     : 1732.265
cpu MHz     : 2000.078

I hope someone will find this useful!
Regards


How to boot using splash / quiet after a Minimal installation with no selected packages

Although I'm still not entirely sure this will work for you, I'm going to try answering your question anyway. If Plymouth is already installed, then I recommend installing plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo:

sudo apt-get install plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo

Once that is installed, or if it is installed already, you should run:

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth

I'm not entirely sure about what options it may give you there, but if it asks, you want the Ubuntu logo theme. After that, you'll be nearly finished. Although this step may or may not be required in more recent versions of Ubuntu, I still recommend that you run:

sudo update-initramfs -u

One more thing: You'll need to set your grub configuration back to what it was before, so you should edit /etc/default/grub again, and put the "quiet splash" part back.

That should fix your issues with the decryption dialog, and show you the pretty Ubuntu logo screen on boot! I hope this solves it for you, or that you've found another solution. Thanks very much!


Terminal shows strange characters where is computer name

Looks like that something changes you PS1 value, you may re-export it to get it back.

You can use export PS1='\[\e]0;\u@\h: \w\a\]${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$' for a simple test.

Or you can use export PS1='\033[01;37m[\A]\033[0m\[\033[0;36m\]\u\033[01;36m@\H\[\033[1;36m\w\033[0m\]\n$' for your previous PS style.


Using Universal USB Installer on a VHD to Dualboot

I think what you are aiming for is possible. Before nuking my windows 8.1 OS for pure Linux, I played around with its disk management a lot (mainly because I "broke" things on a regular bases). Here seems to provide some insight in what you want.

Try this approach:
partition 2GB from the main drive and assign it as a G/F/D etc. Then partition another part of the main drive for duel booting (maybe 70gb?) and assign it as another drive Letter F/D etc. Make sure these are shown separate from the C drive.

Use the 2gb drive for Linux Universal USB to create the live USB. Then hopefully when rebooting, the bios will recognize it as an external drive. If it works then just boot from it.

Afterwords use the larger partitioned sector (70gb drive) to install the duel boot on. Here is a nice guide for this step. Make sure you remember the # of how much space you partitioned for duel booting. Linux does not use letters to represent drives.

Finally, to recover the 2GB you used for the Live USB just use the disk manager on windows 8.1 to merge it back to which ever OS you want.

Hope it helps!


How to take over network-connection files from xubuntu into Ubuntu?

the NetworkManager config files are in

/etc/NetworkManager/
/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections

There should be no network settings stored in the home directories but depending on how the modem is dialed up there might be some configuration
in hidden folders (i.e files and folders beginning with . that ls -a shows you) named after some of the dialup apps.

wvdial uses ~/.wvdial.conf and /etc/wvdial

you might also need these if the dates of the files look like you changed them.

/etc/chatscripts
/etc/ppp


HDD which i installed ubuntu 20.04.1 onto doesn't show up in boot menu

Did you try to update GRUB?
sudo update-grub


Install Pulse Audio Volume Control from the software center and run it:

You will get a screen like this:

If your balance sliders are locked together, click the lock in the upper right corner of the window and adjust the left and right balance volumes until you reach the point of satisfaction. For me that's about here:

If you then lock the lock again your adjustments will be locked in place and survive a reboot.


Why does my init.d script show up under --status-all, but I can't otherwise control it?

And now the Ubuntu answer.

You've managed to avoid the unnecessary horror that is ossec-control.  But on Ubuntu Linux that System 5 rc script is an unnecessary horror all in itself.

You are using Ubuntu Linux.  You already have either upstart or systemd.  Do not begin by writing System 5 rc scripts.

systemd

In https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/200365/5132 I showed a simple systemd template service unit that could start a whole bunch of OSSEC HIDS services, as template instances.  Unfortunately, it doesn't work with ossec-authd, for the simple reason that that doesn't have an -f option like the other programs do.  Ironically, this is because it doesn't have the unnecessary (yet again) code for double-forking that the other programs have, and that they have to have switched off with the -f option.

So here's another template to save as /etc/systemd/system/ossec-f@.service.

[Unit]
Description=The OSSEC HIDS %i server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/env /var/ossec/bin/ossec-%i -t
ExecStart=/usr/bin/env /var/ossec/bin/ossec-%i

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

This template is to be instantiated into the actual service as ossec-f@authd.service and the normal systemd controls are available:

systemctl enable ossec-f@authd.service to set the service to auto-start at bootstrap.
systemctl start ossec-f@authd.service to start the service now.
systemctl status ossec-f@authd.service to see the service status.

The command to see service statuses is systemctl or systemctl --all to see all loaded units, even the inactive ones.

upstart

Having never had need of OSSEC HIDS under upstart myself, this is just a skeleton /etc/init/ossec-authd.conf that you will have to work on.

description "OSSEC HIDS authd server"

start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

respawn

exec /var/ossec/bin/ossec-authd

Further reading

https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/200281/5132
https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/202731/5132
Lennart Poettering (2013-10-07).  systemctl. systemd manual pages.  freedesktop.org.


You could use Indicator-Workspaces:

Screenshot from omgubuntu.co.uk


Compressed (by tar gzip) size is far larger than the original folder

ls -sh does not take subdirectories into account.

I would use du -csh -- * to calculate this (the -- prevents problems with files starting with a "dash"). Where ...

   -s, --summarize
      display only a total for each argument
  -h, --human-readable
      print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
   -c, --total
      produce a grand total

man du

If you have hardlinks though it will mess up the totals.


I see you are able to boot into Ubuntu. In that case you could then create a 'persistent ubuntu drive' from the live Ubuntu using instructions here or here.

So you basically have:

Flash drive 1: Made bootable from OSX. This you are able to boot on your Lenovo (but no persistence)
Flash drive 2: You want this as your persistent Ubuntu drive.

What you do is:

Live boot into Flash Drive 1 on your Lenovo.
Install mkusb on it.
Use mkusb to turn Flash Drive 2 persistent.
Done.

Refer to the links above for a 'how-to' on steps 2,3.


Change ownership or permissions of external drive using username and password

If you have root access to your current system, it would be simplest to change the owner of the external drive's contents.
If the drive is mounted at /mnt,a simple sudo chown $USER /mnt -R should do the trick.

Of course, if the system is intended to be used later on, this would cause problems. So use the command only on those directories you need. Leave alone any directories owned by root. You can fix other permissions later.


How to open and run terminal and install driver for Broadcom 802.g wireleiss

I assume that You are using Ubuntu 11.10.

Terminal can be opened from the Dash home by typing terminal in the search box and pressing enter.

Good instructions for installing the drivers for Broadcom 802.g can be found from here: http://linuxwireless.org/en/users/Drivers/b43#Ubuntu.2FDebian

EDIT: I just realized that you propably can't get in the web without this driver to follow these instructions. There seems to be instructions for offline case: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx#b43%20-%20No%20Internet%20access


Firstly try to see if cron is running

ps -ef | grep cron

If it is not running, start it as root

sudo /etc/init.d/cron start (Ubuntu and Red Hat).

Secondly, check the permissions of the script, if it have the "x" option and then try to run

crontab -e

Try to see if the cron you made is listed with this command

crontab -l

EDIT:

Try to add /bin/bash right before your script call :

0 * * * * /bin/bash /script/file

Any more clues to solve it here.


Blank screen during boot with open radeon drivers

Try this: Put the line GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=auto just below the line #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 in the file /etc/default/grub. I had the same problem and this fix completely solved it.

(Source)


Downgrading PHP 5.4 to 5.3

In Ubuntu downgrading process is a really mess.
Here is the script which you could find it useful (it removes PHP 5.4 and install PHP 5.3):

sudo apt-get remove --purge `dpkg -l | grep php | grep -w 5.4 | awk '{print $2}' | xargs`
sudo apt-get install php5=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-cli=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-common=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 libapache2-mod-php5=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4
sudo apt-get install php5=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-cli=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-common=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 libapache2-mod-php5=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4
sudo apt-get install php-pear=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-curl=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-gd=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-intl=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-mysql=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-pspell=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-recode=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-snmp=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-sqlite=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-tidy=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-xmlrpc=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4 php5-xsl=5.3.10-1ubuntu3.4

Where the available versions you can check by command: apt-cache showpkg php5

After the installation, verify it by command: php --version

Please be careful and don't install any other packages without package version specified (like php5-xcache), otherwise apt-get will replace your PHP instance with 5.4 again!

To prevent this happening, you can hold these packages.

Holding packages using dpkg

To hold packages by dpkg, you can execute the following command:

echo "php5 hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

To hold all PHP packages, run the following command:

dpkg --get-selections | grep ^php5 | sed s/install/hold/g | sudo dpkg --set-selections

The following command will show you holding status of your php packages:

sudo dpkg --get-selections | grep ^php

Holding packages using aptitude

You can also hold packages using aptitude e.g.:

sudo aptitude hold php5

Unhold:

sudo aptitude unhold php5


What's the shortcut to hide windows in Ubuntu 20.04

Apparently the shortcut was disabled by default after the upgrade. I had to add it manually.Go to shortcuts on Ubuntu (Just tap shortcut in the search bar) and then add a shortcut to hide all normal windows (Check the picture):


Ubuntu Mount an NFS share into an another ubuntu VM via local-only connection

Over the virtual machine run the mount command like that:

sudo mount -t nfs -o proto=tcp,port=2049 192.168.56.1:/home/pcmagas/Kwdikas/C++/intelSGX/MyFirstEnclave ~/MyFirstEnclave

On the command above take a look over the -o proto=tcp,port=2049 and -t nfs params that you are telling directly to mount an an nfs share using tcp protocol and the port 2049.

Then you can unmount it via:

sudo fusermount -u ~/MyFirstEnclave

Furthermore the following gufw settings are recommended (gui is in greek but also you can understand fro the element position of the form):

Also over your vm if you want permanent mount then try to put the following settings into your /etc/fstab:

192.168.56.1:/home/pcmagas/Kwdikas/C++/intelSGX/MyFirstEnclave /home/user/MyFirstEnclave nfs rsize=8192,wsize=8192,timeo=14,intr,tcp,port=2049

Please notice the tcp,port=2049 section of the entry that you are telling to use tcp and connent into server's 2049 port.


If you click on the Filter Results you can restrict the files found in several ways (age, size, type). When you find a file, clicking on it once opens buttons, one of which is Show in Folder. Click that, and the folder containing the file will be opened. The Folder Name is also displayed.

A good practice is to have expectations about the contents of the file you're about to edit, and if the expectations are not met when you open the file, stop and ask yourself what's happening.

Unless you can predict all the files and folders you might make mistakes with, restricting indexing is a bad idea. Also, what if the file you need to find is in a folder you have suppressed indexing on?

For the pedants among us (I include myself): "Folders" are really "directories", and probably should be called "directories".


How do I install the Ubuntu emoticons in Empathy?

In addition to the above reply, you can override empathy icon theme on a per user basis by installing the similarly named .png icons into ~/.local/share/icons/gnome/16x16/emotes

When I tried this (using the android set of emoticons) I just closed the current chat window and the next time I used it the new theme was used, though a restart of empathy / gnome / ubuntu would ensure that they are picked up.


Can Ubuntu repair windows 7 that won't boot?

I imagine that since the motherboard died there is some conflict with the Windows installation process which may have left residual files on the hard disk drive which can't be removed with no OS installed.

Accessing Ubuntu on the system doesn't go over the Windows install it uses the hardware to run the OS. You could possible format the Windows partitions on the drives and try to reinstall Windows after you have done that.


How do I setup sendmail, postfix, or dovecot so that perl can send emails?

All of them are too much tool for the job. ssmtp does this - but only this.

sudo apt-get install ssmtp

(This will remove postfix or sendmail if installed.)

sudoedit /etc/ssmtp/ssmtp.conf

And the contents of that file:

Root=your_email@gmail.com
Mailhub=smtp.gmail.com:465
RewriteDomain=gmail.com
AuthUser=your_gmail_username # (before the @gmail.com part)
AuthPass=your_gmail_password
FromLineOverride=Yes
UseTLS=Yes


I want to copy the data folders from a previous ubuntu(14.04) partition

I also have a small swap partition - I would like to preserve the data on that too if possible.

There is nothing useful on the swap partition and you don't need to back up that one.

  nothing I do allows me to copy to an external hard drive

This is expected, because the home directory belongs to the user with id 1000 (called simon):

drwxr-xr-x 39 1000 1000 4096 Aug  3 14:21 simon

For some reason you have 3 home directories but the concept is the same for the other two.

This user does not exist on the live DVD, which you are running as user ubuntu. For this reason, the permissions prevent you from loading the contents of the home directory.

You must run the file manager as root. I have discussed this operation on SuperUser, so let me just quote my other answer (slightly adapted to your case):

  Run:

sudo nautilus /media/ubuntu/ebe2a6ba-9cb5-4279-8352-5082b8dd4d5e/home

  On many Linux distributions, you can try to open a directory with the
  default file manager using xdg-open even if you don't know its name:

sudo xdg-open /media/ubuntu/ebe2a6ba-9cb5-4279-8352-5082b8dd4d5e/home

  Beware: you now have full permissions on the files on any connected
  drive. Pay attention on what changes you perform.


mysql not starting after removing plasma-desktop

First get into super user mode by using command sudo -i
then use following commands

apt-get purge mysql\*
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
rm -rf /etc/mysql
dpkg -l | grep -i mysql
apt-get clean
apt-get aut
updatedb
apt-get remove --purge mysql-server mysql-common

Now reinstall MYSQL

apt-get -f install -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" mysql-server


where can I download ubuntu 13.04 DVD image (not CD image)

Actually Ubuntu previously released its ISO's in DVD  in its alternate Ubuntu downloads but due to some reasons the project has been stopped and for Ubuntu 13.04 the   download of DVD wasnt available.

The only choice you have for Ubuntu 13.04 is it's LIVE ISO only. if you want it you can get it from Official Ubuntu site.

if you still want a Ubuntu DVD and wont care about the version means I can suggest you to go for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS , its still having the  download support. If you want , you can get from

for 32-bit

http://mirror.eftel.com/ubuntu-dvd/12.04.3/release/ubuntu-12.04.3-dvd-i386.iso

for 64-bit

http://mirror.eftel.com/ubuntu-dvd/12.04.3/release/ubuntu-12.04.3-dvd-amd64.iso


How to use apt-get to download multi-arch library?

First to enable multi-arch

dpkg --add-architecture <arch>

Now setup apt-sources to add the new repositories of the new architecture(if you need)

now update your sources.list

sudo apt-get update

Now you can install multi-arch packages via apt-get regularly but you have to specify which architecture you want to download

apt-get install package:architecture

example:

apt-get install gedit:i386


There is two things you may try: (i) install the -dev package of the library - e.g. sudo apt-get install libxmu-dev or (ii) if you are using a 32bits installation of IRAF in a 64bits machine, install the 32bits library e.g. sudo apt-get install libxmu6:i386


Android studio has it's installation instructions here

This process can be done by downloading the tar.gz file.

wget https://dl.google.com/dl/android/studio/ide-zips/2.2.3.0/android-studio-ide-145.3537739-linux.zip

Unpack this ZIP file as regular user and move the uncompressed folder into /usr/local you'll need super privilñeges for that.

Then install this dependecies

sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386 lib32z1 libbz2-1.0:i386

In the Android studio folder you can CD into the bin folder and execute

Simply run

/usr/local/android-studio/binstudio.sh

And follow the instructions in the GUI, I use a separate HDD for the HOME folder so kept the installation of the SDK there as suggested by the Installer wizard.


You should use while loop to read file line by line and then apply each line to rm. This a very common and frequently used approach in scripting

while IFS= read -r line
do
       rm a/"$line"
done < file.txt

Naturally the format of the file should be list of files with one file per line


Clicking on my name in the system menu locks my screen

Sorry to say, but with your title and your question, people are going to assume you indeed have a bug, which is not true:

You do not get "locked out"!  Your screen gets "locked". These are two totally different animals and what you get is absolutely normal behaviour! (So it's a feature and thank you for telling me, because I never knew I could do this!) :-)

"Locked out" means that you cannot enter your password any more whereas "locked" means that your screen asks for a password!


Unable to open sites with HTTPS when connected through OpenVPN

Since OpenVPN works at the network layer and is thus independent of ports (i.e. port 80 http vs. port 443 https) it is more probable that https is blocked by your OpenVPN endpoint. But please make sure that it is really the same host you try with http and https.


sbuild multiarch: warning: can't parse dependency libogg0:i386

The multiarch spec does not permit dependencies on specific foreign architectures.

Just build the package as a normal _i386.deb package with plain libogg0 dependency. Multiarch will handle the rest.

This package also can be made Multi-Arch: foreign in case other packages want to depend on it.
This is how skype handles it:

Package: skype-bin
Architecture: i386
Multi-Arch: foreign
Depends: ${shlibs:Depends}, ${misc:Depends}, libssl1.0.0, libgl1-mesa-glx
Recommends: sni-qt, libasound2-plugins
Conflicts: skype-mid, skype-common
Breaks: skype (<< 4.1.0.20.0-0ubuntu0.12.04.1)
Replaces: skype-mid, skype-common, skype (<< 4.1.0.20.0-0ubuntu0.12.04.1)
Description: client for Skype VOIP and instant messaging service - binary files
 Skype is software that enables the world's conversations.  Millions of
 individuals and businesses use Skype to make free video and voice calls,
 send instant messages and share files with other Skype users.  Every day,
 people also use Skype to make low-cost calls to landlines and mobiles.
 .
  * Make free Skype-to-Skype calls to anyone else, anywhere in the world.
  * Call to landlines and mobiles at great rates.
  * Group chat with up to 200 people or conference call with up to 25 others.
  * Free to download.
 .
 This package contains the binary data.

Package: skype
Architecture: i386 amd64
Depends: ${shlibs:Depends}, ${misc:Depends}, skype-bin
Description: client for Skype VOIP and instant messaging service
 Skype is software that enables the world's conversations.  Millions of
 individuals and businesses use Skype to make free video and voice calls,
 send instant messages and share files with other Skype users.  Every day,
 people also use Skype to make low-cost calls to landlines and mobiles.
 .
  * Make free Skype-to-Skype calls to anyone else, anywhere in the world.
  * Call to landlines and mobiles at great rates.
  * Group chat with up to 200 people or conference call with up to 25 others.
  * Free to download.

So my final debian/control becomes this:

Package: rotc
Architecture: any
Depends: ${misc:Depends},
         rotc-bin (= ${source:Version})
Description: Fast-paced, team multiplayer FPS
 Revenge Of The Cats: Ethernet wants to be a fast-paced,
 teamwork-oriented, non-stop-action multiplayer PC FPS game that
 allows players to achieve a high degree of mastery.
 .
 Its main influences are Subspace/Continuum,
 Starsiege: Tribes and Tron.

Package: rotc-bin
Architecture: i386
Multi-Arch: foreign
Depends: ${shlibs:Depends},
         ${misc:Depends},
         rotc-data (= ${source:Version})
Description: Fast-paced, team multiplayer FPS (binary files).
 Revenge Of The Cats: Ethernet wants to be a fast-paced,
 teamwork-oriented, non-stop-action multiplayer PC FPS game that
 allows players to achieve a high degree of mastery.
 .
 Its main influences are Subspace/Continuum,
 Starsiege: Tribes and Tron.
 .
 (This package contains binary files).

Package: rotc-data
Architecture: all
Multi-Arch: foreign
Depends: ${misc:Depends}
Description: Fast-paced, team multiplayer FPS (data package)
 Revenge Of The Cats: Ethernet wants to be a fast-paced,
 teamwork-oriented, non-stop-action multiplayer PC FPS game that
 allows players to achieve a high degree of mastery.
 .
 Its main influences are Subspace/Continuum,
 Starsiege: Tribes and Tron.
 .
 (This package contains the data files)


libimobiledevice wants to remove all my other packages

I resolved the original problem (lib didn't work with iPhone iOS 5.1) by re-installing the libimobiledevice2.


Username : ubuntu

Password: keep it blank and try to login


Upgrade RaspberryPi from 19.10 to 20.04 fails to boot after successful upgrade

The answer is that the Ubuntu OS installer does not update the config.txt file in /boot/firmware (the system-boot partition) - this gets updated between releases, but apparently not by the installer during upgrade (although the OS expects it). This means that after upgrade, it is no longer valid and the system cannot boot.

The 20.04 one looks like this:

# Please DO NOT modify this file; if you need to modify the boot config, the
# "usercfg.txt" file is the place to include user changes. Please refer to
# the README file for a description of the various configuration files on
# the boot partition.

# The unusual ordering below is deliberate; older firmwares (in particular the
# version initially shipped with bionic) don't understand the conditional
# [sections] below and simply ignore them. The Pi4 doesn't boot at all with
# firmwares this old so it's safe to place at the top. Of the Pi2 and Pi3, the
# Pi3 uboot happens to work happily on the Pi2, so it needs to go at the bottom
# to support old firmwares.

[pi4]
kernel=uboot_rpi_4.bin
max_framebuffers=2

[pi2]
kernel=uboot_rpi_2.bin

[pi3]
kernel=uboot_rpi_3.bin

[all]
arm_64bit=1
device_tree_address=0x03000000

# The following settings are "defaults" expected to be overridden by the
# included configuration. The only reason they are included is, again, to
# support old firmwares which don't understand the "include" command.

enable_uart=1
cmdline=nobtcmd.txt

include syscfg.txt
include usercfg.txt

Obviously, this needs to be updated after you update the OS, but before you reboot. If you don't, you can always do it manually with the SD card, and it will still work fine.


Ubuntu 12.04 black boot screen and boot-repair failed

I had a similar issue with VirtualBox. Here is a link that directly relates to your issue. I don't like posting links, but it's really not my fix, I found it here, so people, please be nice.

https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=55146

Hope this helps!


Substitute cut command inside AWK script

cut works in a bash script, but shell is shell and awk is awk. You can't use perl commands in awk scripts either.

If you want external programs inside your script, you need to use the system command, but for what you seem to be doing here, you should use the string functions of awk like substr and gensub.


Why debug packages don't include sources?

-dbg packages aren't automatic - the package maintainer needs to define the package, and pass the appropriate parameters to the package building tools to ensure the package has any content.

By convention, but not by actual policy, the -dbg package is populated with data which would otherwise be removed by a call to GNU strip, i.e. debugging symbols which are stripped by default (again, by convention, but not policy). Or some language-specific equivalent in the case of non-ELF libraries (e.g. .mdb files for .NET libraries).

The convention doesn't call for -dbg packages to include source (since we already have a mechanism for including those and making them available, i.e. apt-get source pkgname).

Ubuntu has a mechanism for automatic creation of "Debug debs", or .ddeb files, which are functionally the same as -dbg packages but are created automatically by build servers (i.e. an unmodified package with no -dbg package, compiled on Ubuntu's servers, will get a .ddeb automatically) - but, again, because there is a mechanism in place for making source available, .ddebs do not include source as they don't need to.


network-manager device not managed with virt-manager

There is no way to do that.

As they cannot be 2 GODs for this life (If you believe in GOD :P)

Only One Netwrok Manager is There:

Either network-manager or virt-manager

I can accomplish this by defining bridge in network-manager and disable bridge in virt-manager. That's the solution.

I share it for the benefit of All


How updates are handled for commercial applications?

You don't upload a .deb package, you upload a source package, which can be built
in to a .deb package.

This is then put in a PPA to build the .deb packages that users will install.

Therefore there is a PPA behind the scenes.

You can then submit updates to your application by uploading an updated
source package at a later date. This will then be reviewed and go through
QA before being made available to users.

I look forward to seeing your application in the Software Center.


Right click menu shown with offset only for chrome (ubuntu 18.04)

I tried with a live cd on ubuntu and everything worked as expected (without any configuration needed other than positioning the 6 screens correctly). So i choose to format my partition as I did not need anything.

Everything works now, maybe my previous configuration was corrupted somewhere.

It's on ubuntu 18.04 with default Gnome desktop, 6 screens and correct window placement.


Regulatory domain changed to country CA (I'm BR)

This has absolutely nothing to do with security, this is to enforce compliance with local laws.

Install crda like this

sudo apt-get install crda
sudo vi /etc/default/crda

and then change the line REGDOMAIN= to your country code, eg.

REGDOMAIN=BR

and restart.


LTS pre-release or 2-year old LTS than upgrade? Which has less headaches historically?

When you talk pre-released this is almost always going to be more of a headache as it is being used to test (so less bugs will be in the actual release) You are better off installing 14.04Lts that is supported tell April 2019. Then updating to the new release when it is supported  (In April 2016)

*Note as @EduardoLopez pointed out even when 16 is released it may still have bugs that were not found by the Alfa or other pre-release's


Setting environment variable for different tabs using gnome-terminal

You need to execute the commands as part of bash or another shell.

Try this:

gnome-terminal \
--tab "app1" -e "bash -c \"cd app1; export app=app1; npm run start\""

and add similar for others.


Offset mouse after minimizing maximized window

I also had the exact same bug and it was really annoying. After searching for some time I found out that I had unchecked show live preview of windows option in the switcher tab of compizConfig Setting Manager → Ubuntu Unity Plugin. So the fix, for now, is to enable it back (see the screen shot below) in compiz. You can find more details about this bug here.

I hope this also works for you.


Mounting Drives as user at startup (FSTAB)

Here's an example from my fstab to mount a 2nd internal drive  (it's a legacy Windows drive, hence the mountpoint name and file system type)

UUID=01D0465A0EE56520 /media/Win-G ntfs defaults 0 0

Here are the properties for the mount point.  Note that root owns it, but other users have read/write/delete permissions.


How to change time and date language to English?

If everything except date is in English, then there is a high chance that the value of LC_TIME is something wrong, use localectl command to change it to your desired locale:

sudo localectl set-locale LC_TIME=en_US.utf8

or en_GB.utf8 for UK.

You can also place LC_TIME=en_US.utf8 at this file /etc/default/locale manually if you wish.


For Ubuntu 16.04 in your /etc/apt/sources.list:
replace

deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian yakkety contrib

by

deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian xenial contrib


Is it considered dual boot when I installed ubuntu in a separate hard drive?

That is dualboot too. You have one computer with two OSs on it, you can boot one or the other = dualboot.


You can put into your config file ip route commands like this :

for i in $(seq 64 78) ;do echo up ip addr add 104.144.1.$i/28 dev p2p1:0 ;done

Just paste the output below "iface p2p1:0 inet static" and that's done :)


A guide has been posted to port it.

So if your phone support minimum configuration & CM10 build available for it, then you can port it.

Various Devs are working on porting, you can check the list from here https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Devices

As far as nokia, I don't think it is possible as of now.

Bootloader can not unlocked (most probably)
No android driver available. Android driver binaries are used as base.

From their official FAQ, please see

Can you make it run on my device xyz as well?
How is Ubuntu Touch connected to Android?
Does that mean that only Android Devices are able to run Ubuntu Touch?


Confirm system dialogs solely by U2F device

Have you tried to right click and open folder in terminal and then write sudo apt remove yourfilename.


I am guessing here, but the server is using ubuntu.

apt-get install rinetd

Given that you Ubuntu server has the ip 1.2.3.4, the other PC have the ip 1.2.3.5 and you would like to forward the port 8000. you need to change the /etc/rinetd.conf file.

# bindadress    bindport  connectaddress  connectport
1.2.3.4 8000  1.2.3.5 8000


Copy system settings from one PC to another

There is no full automatic approach.

If the Ubuntu versions and KDE desktop versions are identical, you can copy over the hidden user configuration files in your home folder from one computer to the other.
Then, you still will need to install any missing programs and/or themes that were installed system wide on the other system.


Some fonts are not anti-aliased when used over HDMI

Seems to worked its way out, but only after adjusting the pixel format to RGB Limited and changing the GPU scaling under adjustments to maintain aspect ratio in the Catalyst Control Center.

However, when testing the settings back to default the fonts still look great.

Something must have been stuck.


Wayona wifi adapter installation for Ubuntu 18.04

This wireless device 148f:7601 Ralink Technology, Corp. MT7601U Wireless Adapter is natively supported by Linux kernel.

You don't need any 3rd party drivers for it.

The git repo you mentioned is obsolete and not available any more.


How can I figure out why Suspend sometimes fails?

I don't think that setting you mention has anything to do with it.

Check /var/log/pm-suspend.log and see if it gives any hint.

These problems are usually due to some process(es) stopping the system from being suspended.

Do

dmesg -T|grep Freez -A4

and look for these entries:

--
[sun mar  3 15:19:48 2013] Freezing user space processes ...
[sun mar  3 15:20:08 2013] Freezing of tasks failed after 20.01 seconds (3 tasks refusing to freeze, wq_busy=0):
[sun mar  3 15:20:08 2013] mount.nfs       D e8631aa0     0  5518   5517 0x00800004
[sun mar  3 15:20:08 2013]  e8631b10 00000086 f7bc0e00 e8631aa0 c1053cb4 c1809020 c192ee00 c192ee00
--

Check the time stamps to see which of the reported problems relate to your try to suspend. In this case, it is mount.nfs that is causeing the problems.

Now, put a script in /etc/pm/sleep.d/, scripts there will be run at suspend and resume. The file name should start with an ordering number, 00-49 for user scripts (for more details, see man pm-suspend).

The script could look like this

#!/bin/sh
(killall -9 mount.nfs; exit 0)

with correpsonding entries for other processes that caused problems, if any.

Parenthesis and exit 0 is a trick: if the process isn't found, killall will exit with exit code 1, which will cancel the entire suspend. The above will run killall in a sub-shell that will exit with 0.

If you're having problems, check /var/log/pm-suspend.log that will log the attempt to suspend and to run your script.


When you say

  now when I turn on the laptop I can only access something through
  ubuntu.

are you saying that computer automatically boots Ubuntu? If so:

1- Some HDDs don't support dual-boot and installs the new OS over the old one (speaking from first hand experience). This might be the case but if you can make sure that it is not then:

2- Try to check your boot options in your BIOS. It might be set to boot Ubuntu directly.


Error while setting scrapy as cron job: "scrapy: not found"

35 14 * * * cd /home/ubuntu/scrapers/my_scraper && scrapy crawl my_spider
maybe try to get rid of the cd command.


"Open containing folder" in Firefox does not use my default file manager

After a lot of tries, I came upon the very simple method given above by Gill Bates, which was to

Go into System Settings
Switch default manager to something else
Switch it back

So I did that, then closed and reopened Firefox and sure enough, it worked like a charm.  Maybe I can invoke Occam's Razor here...


install Ubuntu using rufus(usb) fill system = ext 4 but after i log my windows 10 os it"s shown empty 2 NTFS partition ?

If I did not misunderstand the question, you ask why you do not see the ext4 partition in Windows. (Sorry if that's not what you're asking)
Windows does not bring native support for ext4, so it does not recognize it.


15.10 - No menubar at the top of xournal 4.8, making the program unusable

Xournal like other applications will have its menu integrated in the global menu on the top bar. It will appear on hovering the mouse there:

In case we would like the menu to appear in the application's window we can change this as an option in System Settings > Appearance > Behaviour:

The menus will then appear on hovering the mouse over the application window's title bar.


The command you are looking for is:

find . -type f \( -name '*.jpg' -or -name '*.png' \) -not -name "cover.*"

Adding type -f will make the find command look only for files.
In your second command, you need to add a space after \( and before \) (you also forgot \ before ().
Also, you don't need a - between -not and -name. Your first command works fine if you remove it, although not producing the output that you want (see JoL's comment).

You can read more about find's syntax and options at the command's online Ubuntu manpage, or run the command man find to read the manual in the terminal. Specifically, read the OPERATORS section of the manual, since that's what appears to be confusing you the most.

Note: Most terminal commands provide a manual with the proper command syntax and available options which you can read if you run man <command> in your terminal.


Couldn't Excute command line PostGIS pgsql2shp

The problem was all about the unneeded symbolic link.

 sudo ln -sf /usr/share/postgresql-common/pg_wrapper /usr/local/bin/pgsql2shp

I fixed the issue finally by just removing the symbolic links.

 sudo rm /usr/local/bin/shp2pgsql
 sudo rm /usr/local/bin/pgsql2shp
 sudo rm /usr/local/bin/raster2pgsql

Then removed postgis 2.1 with

 sudo apt-get remove postgis-2.1
 sudo apt-get remove postgresql-9.4-postgis-2.1

Then installed postgis again by

 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install postgis

Thank you Gunnar Hjalmarsson for the help!


Gbirthday - Is there a way to let it work with Unity

You can make any program that used to use the old notification system in Gnome 2.0 (the panel before Unity) show up in the new panel in 11.04 and 11.10 by whitelisting it.  There are directions in this blog post:

http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/how-to-re-enable-notification-area.html

If you don't like the command line, skip down to section B in the instructions (B. Using a GUI).


Ubuntu kernel sources - git and apt-get inconsistency?

Your best source for kernel sources is https://www.kernel.org/
These are unmodified by Canonical.

Canonical applies various patches to the kernels they distribute for Ubuntu when they compile it. These patches can be seen in their public kernel repos by kernel release:
http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/
and examining the *.patch files under respective directories.

Whether these patches add a benefit or not is up for debate.

The following repo with help with installing newer kernels, or alternatively compiling same:
https://github.com/mtompkins/linux-kernel-utilities

I recognize you are asking specific to a git repo but I believe the above provides a reasonable answer. Instead of a git pull you would download the compressed files, extract, and continue.

This would ensure you are compiling from a snapshot at a time where compilation is expected to succeed. In my view, compiling with a git source is for kernel developers as there will be expected intermediate issues between point releases.


Can I give an app that I purchased in the Software Center to somebody else ? (And related questions.)

It depends on the license of each app/magazine/song.  For the programs and magazines you got through Software Center, the "More Info" page for each app or magazine will tell you the license that it is under (under the description and above the review section).

If it is under a proprietary license, you're rights to redistribute are in all likelihood severely limited (or non-existent).  For many of the other licenses you might see there, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ to find out the rights and responsibilities you have if you want to redistribute.


Fingerprint enrollment works on Ubuntu 20.04, but unable to unlock with fingerprint

Just resolved a problem that looked the same. The actual problem was that I didn't know how to swipe.

Check if you can swipe with $fprintd-enroll and then $fprintd-verify (in the terminal emulator).
If you can't pass, see here. TL;DR one should swipe carefully from the finger base to the tip, both in the configuration and the verification.


How to drag from file explorer in thumbnail view

I found that nemo does this.
I then created a shortcut by dragging nemo over the the icon launcher dock.
Its the one after Chrome in the second image below.

Shortcut:


GTK applications aren't themed on Plasma Desktop

If memory serves, in the system center you can select something like application appearance or window appearance and there is a section on GTK apps that might be of help. Hope this helps!


Ubuntu is not sending SIGTERM on shutdown

Unfortunately, it does not quite work this way. Many of those programs that do actually have a signal handler, don't block the signal to show a confirmation dialog. Signal handling is often minimal or missing.

You can easily try it without having to shutdown. Just send SIGTERM to your running Firefox or LibreOffice process:

$ pkill firefox

Normally, Firefox might ask if you really want to close it. Also, it usually takes a while to close, especially when it's been running for a long time and using more than 1 GB of RAM - it often takes like a minute for the process to terminate after the its last window has been closed. None of this happens when you send SIGTERM, the process is just terminated instantly.

However, some desktop environments close all open windows before shutting down. Unlike SIGTERM, closing a window programmatically is like clicking on the X button of that window, or Alt + F4. This is also what the script in the other answer does - it uses wmctrl to close all open windows gracefully.

When a window is closed, the program is not in a rush and it can close everything within that window, for example open tabs, and it can also show a dialog window if there's unsaved work. Once all open windows of an application have been closed, the process usually terminates shortly after that.

So it depends on your desktop environment (assuming you use your desktop environment to shutdown and not sudo poweroff). For example, KDE should wait for open windows to be closed before shutting down, while MATE doesn't.

Bottom line: Close all open windows manually before shutting down. Or use a desktop environment that waits for all windows to be closed.


Unable to install Ubuntu on HP Envy dv4-5220us (pre-installed Windows 8)

Do you have a win8 recovery dvd? Maybe you can go back the factory settings and try to do it again. I've installed ubuntu 12.10 and share it with  my win 8 and everything went fine.

I just had to disable the the secureboot ,create some new  partitions using gparted (from the live cd) and install ubuntu, that was all for me.

Some links that might help:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-secure/files/ --> .iso with boot-repair (just in case)
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

Hope it helps :)


Is there a user friendly way of mounting an external drive that was ejected?

Try gparted:

sudo apt-get install gparted


I triple booted Windows 8 with Ubuntu 14.04 and Pear OS 8... but then I ran into a big problem

I recently re-installed window, subsequently left with no grub menu. Here is how to reinstall grub from a live-disk.

Part One:

First

Login using a LiveDVD (or USB) of Ubuntu and open a terminal to type the following command to list your partitions . . .

sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda

This assumes Ubuntu is on your first hard drive "sda" of course it may be "sdb" or something else.

Here is an example of the output . . .

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1       13206     6655792+   7  HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2           13207      232581   110565000    5  Extended
/dev/sda5          228706      232484     1904616   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6           13207      228705   108611464+  83  Linux

Next,

We need to mount /dev/sda6, the Ubuntu partition. Remember, your partition number very likely may not be sda6 so change the number appropriately . . .

sudo mount /dev/sda6 /mnt

Now we need to install the Grub2 bootloader to the MBR . . .

NOTE: it is IMPORTANT that you do not enter the partition number here.

Only enter the letter of the partition. Here we are using the first hard disk . . . sda.

sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sda

The successful output should report no errors.

Part Two:

Continue using the same live disk session for the following.

It is now necessary to chroot into your Ubuntu installation in order to run update-grub.

Run each of these commands one by one; again, replacing sda6 with the partition number of your Ubuntu installation . . .

sudo mount /dev/sda6 /

sudo chroot /

sudo update-grub

The output should list each of your operating systems or at least your ubuntu installation.

Reboot, and remember to remove your usb device or live cd before logging back in.

If windows is not listed, you can run sudo update-grub again from Ubuntu after you reboot.


It is called a beta for something. This has happened to me as well several times (11.10 beta 1).

You could search on Launchpad if this bug has already been reported (it'd surprise me if it hasn't been reported yet), and if it hasn't been reported yet, you could report it yourself. To logout, reboot, shutdown, ... you can just press the power button of your computer and it will ask you what it should do. The system settings can be reached using the Unity Dash.


Kali Linux is based on Debian. Ubuntu is also based on Debian.

Source: distrowatch.com


Why are there redundant directories for .desktop files?

The files encountered are nothing more than symbolic links to meta file data of installed programs.  As Serg explained the apps using the software center go into described folder.  They are not real programs but merely point were the system can cache for faster use next time.  It more effective and efficient to have a system gather all programs and make meta files and symbolically link them in one area.

But Ubuntu uses two separate package managers.  One is apt one is the software center.  This in turn creates separate package file systems.  This is how Ubuntu deals with it, but instead of throwing it all together, the two systems act like a couple.  They both communicate to see what is there, both have root access to both, but they do not share what programs are installed by each other


Here is how to get a extension to work in a version of Gnome Shell.
You can usually download the extensions as zips - look for the github link on the relevant extension page:

Press Download Zip:

and extract the zip file into ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions.
Look inside the extracted folder for the metadata.json file:

and edit it in a text editor:

add this line inside the "shell-version" brackets, with your shell version.:
   [3.5],

and then select and copy the UUID, save and exit the text editor.
Go back to ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions, and rename the folder you  just extracted to the copied UUID - Right Click > Rename > Paste (Ctrl + V).
You should hopefully then be able to enable it in Gnome Tweak Tool.
Hope this works - seems to work for Gnome 3.8 & 3.10


How to copy many photo file names with date and time to spreadsheet

First go to the directory where  all your files are stored and then
use this command at the terminal:

ls -lrt | awk '{print $9","$6","$7","$8}' > myfile.csv

It will create your excel file with file name myfile.csv and the order will be
fileName createdMonth dayofMonth time.


CTRL+C (also the keyboard shortcut for copying something) should do the trick.


How to show GRUB after install Ubuntu over Windows 8?

Install Boot-Repair on ubuntu by following steps

Open the terminal and run the following commands

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install boot-repair

After completing the installation you can launch it from System->Administration->Boot-Repair menu if you use Gnome, or search "boot-repair" in the dash if you use Unity. Then follow the following screenshots:

Method 1

Click on the advanced options

Tick the options shown below

Change the tab to Grub Location Tab and Tick The options Shown in the figure

Press Apply and Reboot the system

Method 2

Select the recommended Boot repair options as shown in the first screenshot


How do I put the weather in the menu bar?

The package indicator-weather was recently available for Ubuntu 12.10. In 15.10 you have to use a GNOME extension.

Use your Firefox browser and open this URL
Activate the extension.

Run Tweak Tool

Configure the extension


Why does the default installation make one choose either LVM or SWAP file (vs. partition)?

The answer to your first question is somehow opinion based.

The idea is that a swapfile is a better option because you can easily increase/decrease its size or even remove it and use the free space for other purposes without any further steps. I guess because of these advantages they decide to move toward swapfiles:

  Today, carving a partition and reserving twice the RAM size for swap makes little sense. [...] Or if said [partition based] swap space is in use but is of inappropriate size, changing it in-place in retrospect is painful.

Why they didn't implement it for LVM? I think that's because LVM snapshots don't exclude the swapfile changes but having swap in a separate logical volume works around the issue:

  On LVM based installations, swap logical volumes are used, since unfortunately LVM snapshots do not exclude swapfile changes.

(Quotes are from a 2016 blog post by Dimitri John Ledkov who was employed by Canonical at the time of the entries were written)

Second question: somehow yes, you can install your system using LVM, remove the swap logical volume, add its size to other volumes like root (or any other place you want) and then create a new swapfile. You can also do the reverse - remove the swapfile, decrease the size of the FS and volume it was in and add a new swap partition.

However converting the basic installation to LVM is not possible unless you do tricky stuff.


Ubuntu, ElementaryOS and Windows Grub Broken

I managed to make it work after running grub-install --force /dev/sda6 and grub-install --force /dev/sda which were the ElementaryOS and Ubuntu Partitions. Thanks for all the help!


Cracking and popping sound from left side of headphone on Front Left/Right sound test

::SOLVED:: 19/05/2017
I'm sorry for a very sloppy answer, but the post by Robert Joynt in
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+bug/1648183
Solves it.
All the credits to Mr. Robert Joynt. With all the respect to him, if anyone has a suggestion for a better way to make his solution public, please suggest me.

Robert Joynt (robertjjoynt) wrote on 2017-05-17:  #17 I've managed to
fix this problem on my machine (HP Omen 15 running Ubuntu 17.04 using
codec for Realtek ALC295 sound device). To fix the problem, I can do
the following:
Install alsa-tools if not installed:
sudo apt install alsa-tools
Create and save a script in /usr/local/bin:

#!/bin/bash
hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x20 SET_COEF_INDEX 0x67
hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x20 SET_PROC_COEF 0x3000

Run the script as root in a terminal to immediately fix the problem.
To run the script on startup, use cron with the @reboot command:
sudo crontab -e
and then add line in crontab: @reboot [full path to script]
To run script on resume from suspend, copy the script to
/lib/systemd/system-sleep
For more technical details regarding this fix, see
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=195457


Session is restarted continuously (Ubuntu 11.10)

It seems to be related to this question: https://askubuntu.com/questions/91066/ubuntu-11-10-64-bit-kill-session-random. I had the same problem and touchpad-indicator installed. Hopefully removing it solved my problem.


GRUB doesn't react to USB keyboard, it did before

lmao I cant login due to Microsoft's generous browser, so this guest thing will work. As said, I managed to boot, I just had to change almost every setting, I did not find anything related to keyboard, so, if you are having this issue, please check out the settings in the bios, probably helps you out. btw moderators pls mark this question as answered ty
another btw i did tried logging in again lol it just doesnt let me use fb


That is the correct way, except the system shutdown is not necessary.


association window  .desktop file  launcher entry

Found answer by looking at bamf source - you need to set _NET_WM_DESKTOP_FILE property to be full path to desktop file.


Ubuntu Server 14.04.1 USB freezes on Startup screen

You can try pressing F6 in the boot screen of the image and selecting the nomodeset option. Other options added may be necessary.
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1613132


Can I split the upgrade downloads into multiple parts?

I think your best bet is to download the iso and use it as a live cd/usb drive.

See here: How to upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04 without internet without internet connection?


How can I use my phone or tablet as mousepad?

I use remotedroid. You just need to install the client on your tablet, and then connect to the local IP of your running server. It sends mouse movements, left and right click and typing.
The server doesn't even need installation, is a simple .jar archive. To run it:

java -jar /path/to/RemoteDroidServer.jar

Here you can download the server (the client is in the market):

http://www.remotedroid.net/


Status bar icon indicators disappear when waking from suspend

As a temporary solutions until the bug is fixed, you can create a file f.e. icons.sh (dont't forget to give it execution rights with chmod +x) at any location:

#!/bin/bash

dbus-monitor --session "type=signal,interface=com.canonical.Unity.Session,member=Unlocked" |
  while read MSG; do
    LOCK_STAT=`echo $MSG | awk '{print $NF}'`
    if [[ "$LOCK_STAT" == "member=Unlocked" ]]; then
        killall unity-panel-service
        /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/unity/unity-panel-service&
    fi
  done

After saving the script, open Ubuntu Startup Applications from Apps menu and configure this script to run after you login:

Every time you unlock the screen, unity panel service will be automatically killed and started, keeping your icons in place.


After a LOT of trial and error, this seems to be the most reliable option...

http://wiki.hetzner.de/index.php/Netzkonfiguration_Debian/en#Bridged

  Bridged With a bridged configuration, packets are sent directly. The
  guest system behaves as if independent. As this makes the MAC
  addresses of the guest system visible from the outside, a virtual MAC
  address needs to be requested via the Hetzner Robot and assigned to
  the guest network card. The bridge gets the same network configuration
  as eth0. The configuration of eth0 is omitted without replacement.

Get seperate MAC addresses for each of the additional IPs

Then use this for the hosts /etc/network/interfaces..

# remove or disable configuration for eth0
#auto eth0
#iface eth0 inet static
#
auto  br0
iface br0 inet static
 address (Main IP)
 netmask (like eth0, e.g: 255.255.255.254)
 gateway (same as that for the main IP)
 bridge_ports eth0
 bridge_stp off
 bridge_fd 1
 bridge_hello 2
 bridge_maxage 12

Set up the Guest OS in virtualbox to use a bridged network and select br0, then in advanced settings set the mac of the network adapter to the MAC address that Hetzner gave you for the new IP (without any :)

Then in the Guest OS use this..

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
#iface eth0 inet dhcp

iface eth0 inet static
address (ADD IP 1)
broadcast (FOR ADD IP 1)
netmask (FOR ADD IP 1)
gateway (MAIN IP)
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8


how to log on/off from ubuntu user to windows user without closing computer completely

You can not, simply because they're not running the same kernel (core). Windows and Ubuntu have very little in common.

You can try to install VirtualBox on Ubuntu, so that you don't have to reboot your computer if you do want to use Windows. For this to work, you need to install Windows inside a virtual machine, so you will need the installation disc (or any other installation method, like an ISO file).

You can install virtualbox by executing this:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox

Then start VirtualBox, create a new virtual machine and start the installation procedure by selecting the source of the installation files (CD/DVD/USB/ISO).


U can use ncdu to find out which folders/files are biggest
sudo apt-get install ncdu
sudo ncdu


Installing the AMD/ATI Catalyst drivers for 12.04

Use

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install fglrx

This will bring you latest ATI drivers.


Web links in Adobe reader opens Firefox even if another browser (Opera, Chrome) is default

Install Ubuntu Tweak as explained here: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu-tweak
Start Ubuntu Tweak, go to Admins and then File Type Manager
Replace all references to Firefox with your Default Browser


No touchpad gestures on Samsung Series 9 / 13.04

I found the answer to this problem on my PC was to enter the Ubuntu Software Centre!

Make a search for Synapstiks and download the 'Synapstiks Touchpad management' tool, it worked a treat for me.


Just Type

redshift -x

it get your Screen Color to Normal

I am Also Searching for this


Select USB Diskette or Key and it will do the job for you. I am also wondering whether you have loaded the BIOS or boot menu.


Your command is wrong:

convert bbb.png -resize 200×200! bbb.png

the × is a non-ASCII character.

Use this:

convert bbb.png -resize 200x200! bbb.png


Evolution doesn't seem to be aware of my Online Accounts

This seems to be sorted in Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS.

So I guess the solution is "update your OS."


I managed the solution, I did not have to install neither vpnc nor openvpn nor pptp.

I had to install openconnect. Then, the process is similar to others, add the VPN in the connection editor but selecting openconnect instead of the other ones. If I do this, I am only asked for gateway, username and password, so the data I was given is enough.


1)Disable your firewall
  In ubuntu
  -->ufw disable

In centos
  -->systemctl stop firewalld.service
2) Change mongod.conf
 --> change bindIp: 0.0.0.0


Oracle Java (JDK) 8 Installer PPA by Webupd8 team is discontinued.
https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/ubuntu/java
You have to remove this ppa.
In order to install Java (15), see :
https://www.linuxuprising.com/2020/09/how-to-install-oracle-java-15-on-ubuntu.html