Ubuntu 19.04 Black Artifacts around X (Close button) when using shell theme

Turns out the theme doesn't support this version of GTK. A Solution would be to override the window close CSS for your theme. Navigate to your theme folder and change .window-close to the following.

Folder Location:

/usr/share/themes/YOUR THEME NAME/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css

Replace with this:

.window-close {
height: 32px; width: 32px;
background-color: transparent;
border-radius: 0;
border: none;
box-shadow: none;
color: transparent;
-shell-close-overlap: 16px;
-st-background-image-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28);
background-image: url("assets/window-close.svg");
background-size: 32px;
}

Source:
https://forum.manjaro.org/t/solved-glitch-on-gnome-activities-overview/85485


From my experience, I would say that once you set up a Ubuntu box properly, normal users won't make it crash easily. My parents are not exactly technical people, and they have been using Linux distributions for years without larger problems (actually they got a Fedora box just now).


How do I recursively create a Textures directory in every existing directory in Bash and then delete them?

You can use a loop...

shopt -s globstar                   # turn on recursive globbing
for d in **/; do                    # for every directory
    echo mkdir -p "$d"Textures      # make a new directory inside named Textures
done

Remove echo after testing to actually create the directories.

You can turn off globstar with shopt -u globstar, but it is off by default, and will be off with you start a new shell.

Do your things...

Then to remove the directories, first find them

find -type d -name "Textures"

Then if the output looks OK, add -delete

find -type d -name "Textures" -delete


Server does not recognize second VirtualBox Adapter

have you got the interface configured in /etc/network/interfaces ? if not add the lines

 auto eth1
 iface eth1 inet dhcp

and restart


Force Dash and/or Smart Scopes through Tor Network?

I doubt you can put Tor between yourself and Canonical. Tor is activated through a browser. Why not subscribe to a cheap VPN for about $3.00 per month (annual subscription) and hide the IP from everyone? Even Tor would best be used through a VPN.


Unknown filesystem. grub rescue: file not found

This is a very common problem among new users of Ubuntu (or Linux for that matter). I did it once :D

GRUB is a boot-loader (all OSs have them, Windows' boot loader just auto-boots into Windows) and its files are stored in the same partition as Ubuntu. When you deleted the Ubuntu partition it removed those files.

Simple fix? Reinstall Ubuntu from USB or the Live CD. This will fix the GRUB files and your system should work again (that's how I fixed my problem.)

Upgrading Ubuntu should have nothing to do with the Windows, so you can just run the command sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade && do-release-upgrade from the terminal.
This will check for any and all updates/upgraded programs and update/upgrade them.
The do-release-upgrade command checks to see if there is a new version of Ubuntu (eg. 12.04 to 12.10) and then will allow you to upgrade it.

As this is a very common error, there are plenty of questions similar/duplicate of yours.
Here are a couple duplicates that might help you:

How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)

Grub rescue - error: unknown filesystem

Ubuntu boots to grub rescue

Just search for grub-rescue or corrupted GRUB. You should find something of use on the site. If nothing pops up here, Google it (oh the joys of the Internet)! :D


Use a "t" in a socket already used by another process

You can watch ALL the network connections with wireshark. From man wireshark:

xenial (1) wireshark.1.gz
Provided by: wireshark-qt_2.0.2+ga16e22e-1_i386

NAME
       wireshark - Interactively dump and analyze network traffic

SYNOPSIS
       wireshark [ -a <capture autostop condition> ] ...
       [ -b <capture ring buffer option> ] ...  [ -B <capture buffer size> ]
       [ -c <capture packet count> ] [ -C <configuration profile> ] [ -D ]
       [ --display=<X display to use> ]  [ -f <capture filter> ]
       [ -g <packet number> ] [ -h ] [ -H ] [ -i <capture interface>|- ]
       [ -I ] [ -j ] [ -J <jump filter> ] [ -k ] [ -K <keytab> ] [ -l ] [ -L ]
       [ -m <font> ] [ -n ] [ -N <name resolving flags> ]
       [ -o <preference/recent setting> ] ...  [ -p ] [ -P <path setting>]
       [ -r <infile> ] [ -R <read (display) filter> ] [ -s <capture snaplen> ]
       [ -S ] [ -t a|ad|adoy|d|dd|e|r|u|ud|udoy ] [ -v ] [ -w <outfile> ]
       [ -X <eXtension option> ] [ -y <capture link type> ]
       [ -Y <displaY filter> ] [ -z <statistics> ] [ <infile> ]

DESCRIPTION
       Wireshark is a GUI network protocol analyzer.  It lets you
       interactively browse packet data from a live network or from a
       previously saved capture file.  Wireshark's native capture file format
       is pcap format, which is also the format used by tcpdump and various
       other tools.


Turns out this is a bug in Emacs. It doesn't recognize the new standard in declaring a locale. See (http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/DeadKeys, https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/emacs23/+bug/575084)

I was using the solution presented in the first link by adding (require 'iso-transl) to my .emacs. It left me the weird ° → Ä° for reasons I don't know.

I fixed this by aliasing

alias emacs='env XMODIFIERS="" LC_ALL=is_IS.UTF-8 emacs'

and by changing the line

Exec=emacs %F

in /usr/local/share/applications/emacs.desctop to

Exec=env XMODIFIERS="" LC_ALL=is_IS.UTF-8 emacs %F


How to fix "maximum number of clients reached"?

This error happens when you install Lastpass extension for Google Chrome browser. Try to remove it!


Tor-Browser appears as Firefox in the Unity Launcher

The issue is caused by the fact that Tor Browser and Firefox share a string in their WM_CLASSS property:

If you open a terminal, type

xprop WM_CLASS

and click on the window of Firefox, you will get:

WM_CLASS(STRING) = "Navigator", "Firefox"

...and with Tor Browser:

WM_CLASS(STRING) = "Navigator", "Tor Browser"

As a result, the firefox.desktop file (and its icon in Unity/Dash) assumes the Tor Browser window is "his".

How to solve

Run the command:

cp '/usr/share/applications/torbrowser.desktop' ~/.local/share/applications && gedit ~/.local/share/applications/torbrowser.desktop

This will copy the global torbrowser.desktop to ~/.local/share/applications, and subsequently open it with gedit.
Now add to the very end of the file the line:

StartupWMClass=Tor Browser

Save and close the file. This way, the Tor Browser's .deskop file will recognize its own windows.
Log out and back in, and it should be fixed.


(I am hakermania)

Format Junkie official PPA is now located at: https://launchpad.net/~format-junkie-team/+archive/release and the available versions are for 12.04 and 12.10 only, so if these do not work for you, then you will need to compile the source code for your system (sorry for this but we cannot add support for the latest 5 ubuntu releases, that would be a lot more work for us in each of the releases). Compiling Format Junkie with the files you have should be as simple as:

qmake formatjunkie.pro
make

but make sure you have all the build dependencies (check the file debian/control located at the .debian.tar.gz archive).


How to configure an USB DDR dance pad for Stepmania?

From http://www.stepmania.com/wiki/Configure_Keyboard_and_Dance_Pads#Linux :

For most dance pads, joydev and analog modules are required. Xbox Dance Pads require the xpad module. If they are already compiled with your kernel, try:

modprobe joydev
modprobe analog
modprobe xpad (for xbox pads)

If not, refer to the manual of your distribution how to get it (you can also download the kernel sources from kernel.org and compile your own kernel yourself).

Then look for some test program, like joystick. Install it with your package manager or compile it yourself.

sudo apt-get install joystick

And launch :

jstest /dev/input/js0

You might need to link /dev/input/js0 to /dev/js0 by typing:

ln -s /dev/input/js0 /dev/js0

(I modified it a bit, now it's working on Ubuntu)

I hope this helped you,

Daniel


For anyone poor like me, searching all over around and only got it fixed after ... one year.
Short Answer:
Try this command:

 pactl set-sink-port <card> <port>

Example: I have two sound card, Card #0 and Card #1

pactl set-sink-port 1 analog-output-headphones

You can get your card number and port by this command

pactl list

If that make your sound output correctly, you can persist that to default (i.e. every system boot or login) by putting this line into /etc/pulse/default.pa

set-sink-port 1 analog-output-headphones

Long answer:
My system has both PulseAudio and Alsamixer installed (default in Ubuntu 16.04). I install both pavucontrol' andgnome-alsamixer` to monitor things happen.

When I plugged my headphone jack in, PulseAudio can not detect the plugged-in state. It is still showed 'Unplugged'. In PulseAudio Volumn Control, I change ananlog output port to Headphone, then watch in AlsaMixer, I see that the Headphone is automatically unmuted, and volumn set to 100% level.

That means all methods on tweaking AlsaMixer will never work. We need to fix the PulseAudio, to set to the output port we want, by those commands I wrote above.


GNOME broken after 16.04 LTS to 18.04 Bionic Beaver upgrade in Virtualbox on Windows 7 host

Eventually an 18.04.2 LTS version was offered that did not have this issue.  My VirtualBox install is now fully upgraded and working properly.


First of all, please note that the software you want to build is old. It's known to give problems on recent installations. Eg. Debian bug #417712.

Make sure you've installed basic build environment packages (compiler, etc.): build-essential
Download and unpack the source in some directory. Let's do this in one go, using wget and tar using a pipe. (This is just one way to do it.)

wget -O - http://downloads.sourceforge.net/swishplusplus/swish%2B%2B-6.1.5.tar.gz \
| tar -zxvf -

Change into that directory

cd swish++-6.1.5/

Read the Install readme for Unix operating systems.

less INSTALL.unix

Prerequisites are covered in our first step.
"Building SWISH++ for Unix" part includes some steps which are based on your preference. I can't provide that here. Without actually following these steps you'll run into errors like:

  error: #error You have not set TempDirectory_Default for your system.

Don't forget to follow the instructions like

  Comment out these lines after you have set it.

Run make in the directory. So, yeah, just

make

In case your compiler gives the

conf_var.c:259:9: error: ‘::exit’ has not been declared

error, then follow the instructions from the Debian bug report on how to get it built.


Obviously it's a network problem , try to check your own network or firewall or other some stuff
Or...you can switch your apt source to another source which is not in blacklist or your firewall


How to resize and convert mov to mp4 on Ubuntu 16.04

ffmpeg is the best solution for you, try the next commands again:

Install the tool with the next command:

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

Convert the video the the next command:

ffmpeg -i VideoName.mov -map 0 -c copy VideoName.mp4

Reduce the size with the next command:

ffmpeg -i VideoName.mp4 -r 30 -s 960x540 NewVideoName.mp4


When you right click anywhere on the openbox desktop you should get a very small menu.  It is not a normal menu.  You can get a terminal and launch applications from the terminal or you can exit openbox which should bring you to a login page.  To change the cycle choose Lubuntu from the dropdown menu from the fist icon above and login to Lubuntu.  That is how it is supposed to work.  I just checked it.


Restarting LightDM after running nvidia-xconfig results in unresponsive text-only display

Your IdeaPad appears to have switchable graphics; they're not well supported on Linux (yet). In fact, the proprietary nVidia drivers do not support Optimus systems at all, and the ‘Additional Drivers’ dialog should not offer to install them for you.

If your IdeaPad has an option in the BIOS to switch between the integrated and discrete GPUs then the nVidia drivers should work if that switch is set to discrete-only.

If you don't have a BIOS switch like that, then the nvidia drivers won't work, and trying to install them will make you unhappy.

The easiest way to recover would be to remove the configuration file telling X to load the nvidia driver; it will then autodetect what driver should be loaded, and load the Intel driver.

To do that, you want to run sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf in a terminal.

If you've installed the nvidia drivers they will have broken the 3D component of the Intel drivers.  To fix that, just remove the nvidia drivers (either through “Additional Drivers” or by running sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current).


From the man pages here, it shows that you can list the available codecs with avconv -codecs. It's basically personal preference of what codec you want to use for the output. It seems that AVI is the default.


Way to make video-thumbnails generate from VLC instead of Totem?

First, make sure all the ffmpeg (the back of vlc) components you need are installed:

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg ffmpegthumbnailer gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg

Clear the thumbnail cache, with bleachbit, ubuntu tweak, or this command:

rm ~/.thumbnails/fail/gnome-thumbnail-factory/*
rm ~/.thumbnails/normal/*

Now we need to tell Ubuntu not to use totem, but to use ffmpeg instead.
sudo nano /usr/share/thumbnailers/totem.thumbnailer and replace all the ext in totem.thumbnailer with the following:

[Thumbnailer Entry]
TryExec=ffmpegthumbnailer
Exec=ffmpegthumbnailer -s %s -i %i -o %o -c png -f -t 10
MimeType=application/mxf;application/ogg;application/ram;application/sdp;application/vnd.ms-wpl;application/vnd.rn-realmedia;application/x-extension-m4a;application/x-extension-mp4;application/x-flash-video;application/x-matroska;application/x-netshow-channel;application/x-ogg;application/x-quicktimeplayer;application/x-shorten;image/vnd.rn-realpix;image/x-pict;misc/ultravox;text/x-google-video-pointer;video/3gpp;video/dv;video/fli;video/flv;video/mp2t;video/mp4;video/mp4v-es;video/mpeg;video/msvideo;video/ogg;video/quicktime;video/vivo;video/vnd.divx;video/vnd.rn-realvideo;video/vnd.vivo;video/webm;video/x-anim;video/x-avi;video/x-flc;video/x-fli;video/x-flic;video/x-flv;video/x-m4v;video/x-matroska;video/x-mpeg;video/x-ms-asf;video/x-ms-asx;video/x-msvideo;video/x-ms-wm;video/x-ms-wmv;video/x-ms-wmx;video/x-ms-wvx;video/x-nsv;video/x-ogm+ogg;video/x-theora+ogg;video/x-totem-stream;audio/x-pn-realaudio;audio/3gpp;audio/ac3;audio/AMR;audio/AMR-WB;audio/basic;audio/midi;audio/mp2;audio/mp4;audio/mpeg;audio/ogg;audio/prs.sid;audio/vnd.rn-realaudio;audio/x-aiff;audio/x-ape;audio/x-flac;audio/x-gsm;audio/x-it;audio/x-m4a;audio/x-matroska;audio/x-mod;audio/x-mp3;audio/x-mpeg;audio/x-ms-asf;audio/x-ms-asx;audio/x-ms-wax;audio/x-ms-wma;audio/x-musepack;audio/x-pn-aiff;audio/x-pn-au;audio/x-pn-wav;audio/x-pn-windows-acm;audio/x-realaudio;audio/x-real-audio;audio/x-sbc;audio/x-speex;audio/x-tta;audio/x-wav;audio/x-wavpack;audio/x-vorbis;audio/x-vorbis+ogg;audio/x-xm;application/x-flac;

And exit nautilus:

nautilus -q

Go to you video and see the thumbnail preview appear for all videos.


Why are wireless networks that work for other people super slow on my Lenovo Yoga?

Maybe it make a difference if you disable the power save options with:

sudo iw dev wlan0 set power_save off

Also you can try if it makes a difference if you disable the 11n extension with the following:

sudo su
echo "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1" >> /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

You need to reboot after this.

You can monitor the speed with

 watch -d -c "sudo nm-tool |grep -i speed "


Intel AX200 Wifi works but Bluetooth doesn't

I upgraded to 20.04.1 today (Sept7,2020) a reboot rendered my wireless and bluetooth dead.  this is my error iwlwifi: probe of 0000:52:00.0 failed with error -110 when doing dsmesg | grep iwl
I downloaded the drivers from Intel directly and installed them, they didn't work. I then went to my other ubuntu 20.04 machine, that i didn't update,copied the drivers and installed them. I'm back in business.
Hopefully this can help someone else out. Here is the link to the drivers that got me up and running.
https://u.pcloud.link/publink/show?code=kZUy90XZijUtNfb5PUFgeVyssnKP2HrJvbhy
I might add i have the exact same output as you except for the first and last line.
[2.461097] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-50.ucode failed with error -2
[2.461417] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-49.ucode failed with error -2
[2.462833] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: TLV_FW_FSEQ_VERSION: FSEQ Version: 43.2.23.17
[2.462835] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: Found debug destination: EXTERNAL_DRAM
[2.462835] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: Found debug configuration: 0
[2.463002] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: loaded firmware version 48.4fa0041f.0 op_mode iwlmvm
[2.488992] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: Detected Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX200 160MHz, REV=0x340
[2.505891] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: Applying debug destination EXTERNAL_DRAM
[2.506753] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: Allocated 0x00400000 bytes for firmware monitor.
[2.681561] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: base HW address: 5c:80:b6:f4:00:92
[3.050667] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0 wlp82s0: renamed from wlan0
[5.360519] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: Applying debug destination EXTERNAL_DRAM
[5.529563] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: FW already configured (0) - re-configuring
[5.536641] iwlwifi 0000:52:00.0: BIOS contains WGDS but no WRDS

Thanks


Isn't it (mscoree.dll) part of MS .NET Framework?
If I am correct (NullReferenceException), you should install it by means of winetricks


Installing Ubuntu-sdk, issue with lxd on 16.04

ubuntu-sdk is not supported anymore by Canonical since they stopped the effort for Ubuntu Phone.
But the Ubuntu Phone effort is continued by the Ubports team.
The Ubports team though, does not use the ubuntu-sdk either.

Clickable is a meta-build system for Ubuntu Touch applications that allows you to compile, build, test and publish click packages and provides various templates to get you started with app development. It is currently the easiest and most convenient way of building click packages for Ubuntu Touch. You can use any code editor or IDE that you choose and build your apps from the commandline with Clickable.

Alternatively there is the old Ubuntu SDK IDE. Be aware that it is no longer supported by Canonical, and UBports has chosen to not support it either due to lack of manpower.

You can still install the SDK IDE in Ubuntu 16.04, but it is not guaranteed to work correctly.

Source: http://docs.ubports.com/en/latest/appdev/


An error occurred while copying a file into an archive folder

As discussed here, it is a known bug of file-roller. Try to downgrade your package (see here) and put it on hold to prevent future upgrading.


fatal error: netlink/genl/genl.h: No such file or directory

You can search the correct package with this command:

apt-file search /netlink/genl/genl.h

In my case the output is:

  libnl-3-dev: /usr/include/libnl3/netlink/genl/genl.h

This means, I have to install the package libnl-3-dev:

sudo apt-get install libnl-3-dev

And you need libnl-genl-3-dev

sudo apt-get install libnl-genl-3-dev

Then open the config file:

nano hostap/hostapd/.config

and uncomment the line:

CONFIG_LIBNL32=y

Start make again.


Unable to locate package boot-repair in 14.04

You can use the following commands to install boot-repair in Ubuntu 14-04 :-

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo sh -c "sed -i 's/trusty/saucy/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu-boot-repair-trusty.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair


You can place them anywhere and link to a bin folder. The common places are /usr/share, /usr/local/share. On my personal computer, I usually place things like that in my home directory like that: ~/bin/node/*.

However, I would generally not recommend it with node, unless you have no choice. I would rather go with NVM. This way you can install any version of node you want and switch them if needed.


The cause was a broken keyboard layout at login. Instead of the correct German layout the keyboard was set to US layout. So some special characters in the password were mapped to unexpected keys.

The problem is a known bug in the driver of wireless Logitech keyboards. Just before the problem appears I switched from a Microsoft to a Logitech wireless keyboard.

Unfortunately, the suggestion from https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Logitech_Unifying_Receiver to append setxkbmap de at the end of /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc did not help.

However, the suggestion at the end of https://classicforum.manjaro.org/index.php?topic=31639.0 to append setxkbmap de at the end of /usr/share/sddm/scripts/Xsetup worked for me. I'm not happy with this, because I don't like to change anything in /usr (except /usr/local) manually.


Update

The reply by steeldriver above helped with the password problem.

The second problem regarding: Rsync and Crontab was solved by putting the Rsync command into a new shell script, giving the shell script execute permissions and then adding the shell script to the Crontab.  For some reason adding the rsync command directly to the Crontab doesn't work.


Try to use unity tweak tool, you can download it from Ubuntu software center after downloading it go to Web Apps tab.

Image: http://i.stack.imgur.com/xUaEc.png


How do I move the Unity title bar buttons to the right side?

You do this using gsettings:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout ':minimize,maximize,close'

or gconf-editor which has more complicated instructions listed at:

http://handytutorial.com/move-window-buttons-to-right-in-ubuntu-12-10-12-04/


If you do not know that you can find the source code in this directory, then you'd better install the package via apt with this command

sudo apt-get install httrack

and all is fine and you can start httrack via terminal to download the internet ;)

httrack "http://www.google.com/" -O "/tmp/www.google.com"

No, sorry, replace google.com with your target URL.

The hard way:

Install a helper

sudo apt-get install checkinstall

Compile and install

cd
wget http://download.httrack.com/httrack-3.48.21.tar.gz
tar xf httrack-3.48.21.tar.gz
cd httrack-3.48.21
./configure
make
sudo checkinstall

You could also use sudo make install instead of sudo checkinstall.


What can I do?

Check the MD5 of your ISO which too few people know you can ACTUALLY do using Rufus! Just click on the (✓) button next to SELECT (Rufus 3.0 or later) or the # button at the bottom of the Rufus interface (Rufus 2.18 or earlier) after selecting your ISO. There is no need to use another tool.
Run a bad blocks check in Rufus, to make sure that the issue isn't with your flash drive.
Report that issue in the official issue tracker for Rufus, along with your full log from Rufus, as this is the best place to get help with Rufus issues.


You need to change the grub boot settings..

sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub

you need to change this line:

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=false

to

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true

save configuration file and update grub:

sudo update-grub

There are also some grub setting applications that can help you with this using a gui.


Is there a GNOME extension which can run a specific command and update its output as status in GNOME panel?

There are a couple of extensions you might want to have a look at.

Top Bar Script Executor

  Adds buttons to the top bar that execute scripts or commands.

Command Output

  Display the output of a shell command at a user-specified interval.


How to verify if SGID (Set Group ID up on execution) is set on a folder?

Actually, you can see the setgid bit is set in your output you pasted. That is indicated by the trailing s.
Permission calculators can be handy for learning both symbolic and octal permissions. This one even had some info about the setgid bit:

setgid:
Binary executables with the setgid bit (chmod g+s path) can be executed with the >privileges of the file's group.
A useful property is to set the setgid bit on a directory so that all files and >directories newly created within it inherit the group from that directory.
In octal, the setgid bit is represented by 2000 e.g: "chmod 2755 path".
setgid has no effect if the group does not have execute permissions.
setgid is represented with a lower-case "s" in the output of ls. In cases where it has no effect it is represented with an upper-case "S".


Cannot ping wlan until I plug a cable...?

Ok, I finally found the problem, and the solution to my own question.

The problem was power management on the wifi interface. So it was sleeping after a short while, and did not respond to ping.

The solution is to edit /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf and set wifi.powersave = 2 (disabled).

Now I can ping the box anytime.


How can I share a windows folder with my virtualbox ubuntu installation?

If I understand correctly - your Windows OS is the host and Ubuntu is the guest VM.

If you're using VirtualBox with GUI - just click on a VM and go to it's Settings. In there you'll find the Shared Folders tab - and click the plus sign to add F:\UShare into the guest.

This link might help: https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#sharedfolders

Of course the same can be done using CLI, and if you're not sure on how to do that, please look in here: https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch08.html

To manually mount the folder open a terminal and use mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sda? /media (in which I assumed that your windows hard drive is NTFS formatted - and you should replace the ? in which ever sda is correct in your computer)


preseed.cfg file for automatic installation of Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

This preseed.cfg file work perfectly for me

choose-mirror-bin mirror/http/proxy string
d-i base-installer/kernel/override-image string linux-server
d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true
d-i clock-setup/utc-auto boolean true
d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
d-i partman-auto-lvm/guided_size string max
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
d-i partman-auto/method string lvm
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i passwd/user-fullname string vagrant
d-i passwd/user-uid string 900
d-i passwd/user-password password vagrant
d-i passwd/user-password-again password vagrant
d-i passwd/username string vagrant
d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server cryptsetup build-essential libssl-dev libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev linux-source dkms nfs-common
d-i pkgsel/install-language-support boolean false
d-i pkgsel/update-policy select unattended-upgrades
d-i pkgsel/upgrade select full-upgrade
d-i time/zone string UTC
d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true
d-i user-setup/encrypt-home boolean false
tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-server

and the boot command for building VirtualBox with packer :

  "boot_command": [
    "<enter><wait><f6><esc><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
    "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
    "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
    "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
    "/install/vmlinuz<wait>",
    " auto<wait>",
    " console-setup/ask_detect=false<wait>",
    " console-setup/layoutcode=us<wait>",
    " console-setup/modelcode=pc105<wait>",
    " debconf/frontend=noninteractive<wait>",
    " debian-installer=en_US<wait>",
    " fb=false<wait>",
    " initrd=/install/initrd.gz<wait>",
    " kbd-chooser/method=us<wait>",
    " keyboard-configuration/layout=USA<wait>",
    " keyboard-configuration/variant=USA<wait>",
    " locale=en_US<wait>",
    " netcfg/get_domain=vm<wait>",
    " netcfg/get_hostname=vagrant<wait>",
    " grub-installer/bootdev=/dev/sda<wait>",
    " noapic<wait>",
    " preseed/url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed.cfg",
    " -- <wait>",
    "<enter><wait>"
  ],

This couple of code work perfectly for me with Packer > Vagrant > Virtualbox > windows 7. I tested for building a basic VM ubuntu 16.04.1


you can create emoji's using colons, semicolons and parentheses. some examples are:
:)
;)
:(
:D
xD
This method is popular in chat apps like Discord and these are the main emoji's


My IDE started to freezing after upgrade to kernel version 5.3.0-46

Note: If your question is correctly typed, it looks like you're running with an old 5.0.3 kernel on Ubuntu 19.10. Why? You should be running kernel 5.3.0.

Even though you have 16G RAM, I think that your 1G /swapfile is too small. Let's enlarge it...

Note: Incorrect use of the dd command can cause data loss. Suggest copy/paste.

sudo swapoff -a           # turn off swap
sudo rm -i /swapfile      # remove old /swapfile

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile  # set proper file protections
sudo mkswap /swapfile     # init /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile     # turn on swap
free -h                   # confirm 16G RAM and 4G swap

This line should already be in your /etc/fstab...

/swapfile    none    swap    sw      0   0

Then reboot the system to confirm proper operation.


Finally figured it out. Posted in case anyone has trouble with this.

Two solutions:

Right click panel> Panel Preferences> Mode> Deskbar

If horizontal mode is to be selected then go to the items section > Window Buttons and uncheck show button labels.


After a reboot wifi is not working. Dual-boot system with Windows 10 and Ubuntu 16.04

AFAIK this is a known issue. It seems like some wifi adapters don't completely poweroff when rebooting. Your best option is to fully shutdown your computer when switching between Windows and Ubuntu.


how can i downgrade from 12.04.3 kernel and it's xservers to 12.04.2 ones?

You should be able to remove raring kernel and X stack by running the following command

sudo apt-get purge linux-generic-lts-raring xserver-xorg-lts-raring

  NOTE: Do not install the linux-current-generic package as it will install the latest release kernel (now it's raring's 3.8).

This should roll back to 12.04.2. If NOT, manually install quantal kernel and x stacks manually => sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-quantal xserver-xorg-lts-quantal libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-quantal.

Refer to: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack


What is linux command to navigate to the previous directory (or back)?

You need a space before the -, so that it is passed as an argument to the cd command:
From man bash:

An argument of - is converted to $OLDPWD before the directory change is attempted.

This is different from cd .. which changes to the parent directory, rather than to $OLDPWD. You may of course define aliases for either or both if you wish, ex. alias cd-='cd -' and alias cd..='cd ..' but they are not defined as such by default.
See also:

How do I move back to original directory?

You might also want to take a look at the bash shell's pushd and popd commands, which allow more complete access to the directory stack.


Changes in 50-synaptics.config File have no effect. Are they being Overritten?

What version of Ubuntu are you running? The past few Ubuntu releases have replaced Xorg evdev with Wayland using libinput.

As a result, you may want to follow the advice provided at https://askubuntu.com/a/864746/32664. That recommendation suggests that you make your touchpad configuration edits to /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/90-libinput.conf.

Note: the solution provided at that link is for 16.04. On my own box, I'm running Ubuntu GNOME 17.04, and that same conf file is named /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-libinput.conf.

Rich


Lubuntu battery monitor always says 100%

There is a lightweight battery monitor called batti that may work for you.

Download the compressed tar file.

Uncompress it: tar -zxvf batti-0.3.8.tar.gz

Test run the application:

cd batti-0.3.8
./batti


Installing wine uninstalls other programs

In a terminal, try 'sudo apt install -f' to fix the broken packages first.

After that, installing wine the regular way should work just fine.


Have An Application Open In The Workspace It Was Originally Opened In

Here is a solution:

Open Settings Manager
Open Windows Manger Tweaks
Focus
Click Do nothing under "when a window raises itself:"


I think you must copy the bootloader of windows on sda:

Boot from the windows dvd and click on the cmd command line then you type in:

bootrec /fixmbr
bootrec /fixboot

I think it helps :)


Does purging an application prevent its reinstallation?

You will be able to install the software again in the future.

purge, except from the application files, removes the configuration files used by that  application as well.


Shutting down all VirtualBox (vagrant) VMs in one easy to use bash command (that can be put into a bash file)

For a scriptable control of Virtual Box machines we can make use of the VBoxManage commands:

List running machines (returns name and UUID):

VBoxManage list runningvms

Stop running VMs by "hibernating" them (reommended to avoid data loss)

VBoxManage controlvm <name|uuid> savestate

Poweroff running VMs (not recommended because we may lose data in the guest)

VBoxManage controlvm <name|uuid> poweroff

Use ACPI in an ACPI-aware guest OS (preferable to poweroff for graceful shutdown of guests)

VBoxManage controlvm <name|uuid> acpipowerbutton

Also see: How to safely shutdown Guest OS in VirtualBox using command line

Update from OP

Based on this selected correct answer below, I've added this bash script "$HOME/bin/stop-vagrant.sh". So now I have something that can safely begin a stop of all vagrant VMs that I might have turned on yet forgotten about in a session.

vboxmanage list runningvms | sed -r 's/.*\{(.*)\}/\1/' | xargs -L1 -I {} VBoxManage controlvm {} savestate

Command Explained:

vboxmanage list runningvms |  -- gets a list of all running vms under VirtualBox

sed -r 's/.*\{(.*)\}/\1/' | -- strips the string down to id number

xargs -L1 -I {} VBoxManage controlvm {} savestate -- runs the save state command on each box that's open.

On xargs

-L1 - take one line at a time
-I {} - uses {} as a place holder for the next command


Avoid booting into text mode and boot into GUI directly?

Just try to reinstall lightdm which is the display manager running in Ubuntu.

sudo stop lightdm
sudo apt-get purge lightdm
sudo apt-get install lightdm

And set lightdm as the default display manager again by running

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

Restart Ubuntu to see if it works.


How to execute a script file inside folder on which user don't have read and write privileges (In Ubuntu 12.04)

When you execute a script as the user Normal the script will have Normal's privileges. You cannot execute a Administrator script that require his privileges as Normal. However you could change user in your script using su Administrator. You will enter the password and then be logged in as Administrator temporary in that script.


How to run the netflix-desktop app on Lubuntu 16.10

Just install Firefox v52 or higher and you should be able to watch Netflix.

If you really really really want the old netflix-desktop app, direct download it at https://launchpad.net/~pipelight/+archive/ubuntu/stable/+files/netflix-desktop_0.8.9-1~ubuntu15.10.1_all.deb


ubuntu 14.04 not working after kernel update how can I save my ubuntu system?

Most probably the new kernel doesn't have the modules that comes with your proprietary driver and fails to use your configuration files. If you still have the boot menu that comes with a default Ubuntu installation then you can choose "Recovery mode". In the next menu choose to boot into safe mode, and if Ubuntu asks if you want to create a new configuration file just allow it to do so. There should be other ways to generate new configuration (like deleting some dot files) but I just know this way.
Then when everything is OK reinstall the graphic driver.
Edit: to boot into recovery mode see the question How do I prevent GRUB from using/starting any graphical UI?


can't connect bose QC 35 after pulseaudio bluetooth update on ubuntu 16.04

Well it seems that several reboots didn't fix it but unplugging the USB Bluetooth dongle and re-plugging it back in did help. I read this fixes also weird behaviors with microsoft wireless mice. I do not know why this fixes it but it did.


Is there a PDF viewer that supports password protected files (username and password)?

I've been searching around a bit and I'm not finding that Adobe supports this type of encryption/password.

Adobe's site says there are two levels of protection, both with just a password:
http://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/securing-pdfs-passwords.html

What software is your company using to create these PDFs?  This might give us a lead on how they are doing it.  My guess is that it's not actually a PDF file but some sort of wrapper that encases the PDF file and then integrates with your company's active directory?

Edit:  It looks like this company makes an Adobe supported plugin that is doing what you are describing:
http://plugin.fileopen.com/faq.aspx

If it's not this company, it's likely someone similar.  Given that, you're going to have to find out if the company making this plugin you're using has a client app for Ubuntu/Linux.  The plugin (at least how these people have designed it) is interfacing to a server on your network (active directory?) and retrieving credentials.  It's a pretty custom solution; it's not likely a PDF reader is going to support this natively.


My password don't works in graphical mode

Press alt + f2  and enter :

gksu-properties

Now select Authentication mode sudo

It will solve your problem.


How do I change the background colour of Leafpad? (changing .gtkrc insufficient)

Leafpad makes use the default gtk2.0 colors. Because of this changes to the leafpad background would be applied for all applications that use the default colors and these would be applied in more cases than the document area. If you want specific editor background colors for your editor you might want to try gedit which has extensive theme capabilities for the document area. There are a number of pre-made themes available for gedit and the default install provides 4 choices. There is an application called gnome-color-chooser that can be used to adjust no end of gtk2.0 colors and other global parameters. You may find that helpful.


First, I don't see why you can't update. Yes, you can.

With that out of the way, you've added a PPA for ubuntu-tweak, that has no packages for 18.04. Remove it with

sudo ppa-purge ppa:trebelnik-stefina/ubuntu-tweak

PS: In case ppa-purge isn't installed, install it.


How to get a bundler enabled rails app running as a service with upstart?

Assuming bundle install --deployment --binstubs make sure you create a stub bin/bundle (Bundler does not do this).  Then in /etc/init/your-app.conf:

start on started network-services
stop on stopping network-services

<set env variables you need>

script
pushd <Your app's Gemfile folder>
bin/bundle exec ....
end script

After that, you have to run

initctl reload-configuration

That should do it.


Error opening directory: Permission denied when selecting download location in Chromium and Firefox

I found an option under the permissions tab in Ubuntu Software that allows me to select "Read/write on removable storage devices" that seems to fix the problem.


Performance of 3D applications on Unity/Compiz comparison with other configurations

I don't know how it may impact some specific apps, but in my case (I have a ATI 4850), running Compiz instead of Metacity was MUCH MUCH faster. This is because the window drawing job was done by GPU instead of CPU. However, since GPU is doing something else than rendering stuff in google earth, it's performance may decrease a tiny bit. Thats why in Windows when you open a game, it disables transparencies and fancy stuff.


We also need your crash report ID before we can help.


Okular no longer working in terminal after Kubuntu 18 upgrading

Perhaps this is not the solution you are asking for, but I fixed this on my machine by removing the snap version of Okular and installing the apt version instead.


My scanner(Epson Perfection V-300 Photo is NOT supported). So how did it ever work with Ubuntu 10.04? "Perfection V300 Photo    USB 0x04b8/0x0131 Unsupported   supported by the epkowa backend plus non-free interpreter".  Thanks to Marc for giving me a place to look, the first step there got me this information, which brought back the memories of what I had to do to get this to work with Ubuntu 10.04.  I downloaded the drivers and everything just worked.

I would say that the error message in sane-find-scanner is less helpful than it easily might be.

Instead of just

  # Your USB scanner was (probably) detected. It may or may not be supported by
  # SANE. Try scanimage -L and read the backend's manpage.

they could have easily included a link to http://www.sane-project.org/sane-mfgs.html and saved me hours of wasted time investigating.


Find specific word in all files in and beneath current directory

You can use grep -r to do a recursive search of file contents e.g.

grep -Iri 'numlock' /path/to/search/dir/

where /path/to/search/dir/ is the top-level directory from which you want to start the search - you could use / but be prepared for it to take a long time.

Some variations, depending on your exact requirement:

change the -r option to -R if you wish to follow symbolic links
add the -l option to print just the names of the files found

The I tells grep to ignore binary files and the i makes the search case-insensitive.

If your version of grep does not support recursive searching, you can achieve the same thing using a combination of find and grep e.g.

find /path/to/search/dir/ -type f -exec grep --color -HIi 'numlock' {} +


Is it possible to define a fallback gateway server?

You could try something like this (/etc/network/interfaces):

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
    address 192.168.0.203
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 192.168.0.0
    broadcast 192.168.0.255
    up ip route add default via 192.168.0.201 dev eth1 metric 100
    up ip route add default via 192.168.0.202 dev eth1 metric 200

Source: https://serverfault.com/questions/222628/etc-interfaces-file-for-multiple-gateways-same-network-linux


Change xfce4-power-manager option from terminal

Found it, have to use xconf-query.

To get the value:

xfconf-query -c xfce4-power-manager -p /xfce4-power-manager/lid-action-on-ac

To set the value:

xfconf-query -c xfce4-power-manager -p /xfce4-power-manager/lid-action-on-ac -s 1

-c specify channel, -p is for property within that channel, -s is for setting value, 1 for suspend, 0 for do nothing.


Ncmpcpp says it is playing, but does not play anything

I found the answer to my own problem. I had to install the PulseAudio (What I'm using) GUI:

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

Run it, and fix the problem. I suppose for those using alsa it would the mixer, and so on for other sound server programs.


Broken screen ubuntu 16.04 external monitor

Unplug and re-plug the screen at the HDMI connector. You may just have a bad connection.


How to get name of local repository (for use with 'apt-get install -t')

Apt sees this as a repository just fine. I believe the problem lies in your repository not containing a Release file (an example: the Release file for trusty-security). Without it, you cannot target that repository using a release specification. You could pin your repository using origin information to give it higher priority (see this answer on U&L).


I have not implemented an e-commerce system, but here are my thoughts.

Though it would be hard to say for sure what's best without more details of exactly what you're setting up and what the risks are, generally speaking using separate Wordpress installations for separate sites makes sense, provided that you make sure things are configured properly so that:

If one is penetrated or crashes, the others are unaffected and not vulnerable as a result.
All of them are maintained (e.g., get security updates in a timely manner).

As for self-signed certificates, if the general public is accessing your e-commerce site and supplying sensitive information like credit card numbers (which I am assuming must be the case, based on your description), you should have a certificate signed by a certificate authority, not a self-signed cert.

The reason for this is that someone else could just make their own self-signed certificate that says they are you.

The signature will not be the same, but there is no way for anybody to know which one is the real you.

Self-signed certificates are mainly good for:

Testing.
Situations where there is a secure back-channel between you and anyone who needs to trust the connection. (For this, self-signed certificates are sometimes actually preferred, because even less trust is placed in the hands of third parties.)
Situations where information about your certificate will be widely published (web of trust). Typically this still only appropriate for websites if your certificate will only be used for SSL connections established for moderately sensitive purposes (not e-commerce).
Situations where it is impossible or useless for anybody to sign your certificate because no pertinent certificate authority exists, but your certificate will be extremely widely distributed, verified through other means, and probably even hard-coded into software or distributed under other secure means. I'm really just talking about certificate authorities' own certificates, here.
Sites that cannot afford to pay fees to a certificate authority, and don't really need SSL, but provide it with the hope that it will be of some benefit. (If you're doing e-commerce, you need SSL.)

A bit of information on self-signed certificates can be found here (though I guess you may already have read that).


MP3 Diags can fix incorrect durations (and other errors). It is open source and in the repositories. It is a GUI Tool.

Installation

sudo apt-get install mp3diags mp3diags-doc

Another option is MP3val, which can be used either via commandline or via GUI:

Installation

sudo apt-get install mp3val

Usage example

mp3val damaged.mp3 -f -t

-f: fix errors,
-t: keep original timestamp


postfix on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS can't find sasl_password or sasl_password.db

Okay, the solution to this problem came to me after some digging.
In the logs it says it can't find either sasl_password or sasl_password.db.
This makes sense since my config file contains this line:

smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_password

but my /etc/postfix directory has this:

-r-------- 1 root root    59 Jul 22 15:56 sasl_password
-rw------- 1 root root 12288 Jan  7 02:39 sasl_password.db

Changing the names of these files obviously fixed the issue.


You can uninstall WebApps with these two commands:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:webapps/preview

As for the 32-bit libraries, you could try running this:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Which upgrades all existing packages and installs/updates all dependencies for existing packages as well.  I can't promise this will fix your issue with the 32-bit libraries, but it certainly won't hurt and it has the potential help.


Resize root partition from home partition space ubuntu 18.04

Gparted is the right tool, no need to reinstall. You need an Ubuntu Live USB, boot from it, choose try without installing and run gparted from there.

Resize your sda10 partition, move it to the right
Move your sda9 partition to the right as well
Then you'll be able to resize the root partition using the newly created unallocated space to the right of it


How to rsync a folder when the folder path contains special chars?

I would try one of:

Making a symlink to the folder, and rsync that folder (of course with a "follow symlinks" option on the command line).
Syncing the folder /home/user instead, and use filters to make sure I only got what I wanted.
Rename the unfortunate folder.


Ubuntu encrypted hard drive - possible to crack?

First of all, nothing is totally secure. Computers are extremely complex, and software is extremely complex. The chance of no unknown security holes are basically nil.

Second, a password only protects the running operating system. Unless the disk is encrypted, it's trivial (<3 minutes) to remove the disk from the machine, and read whatever files you want.

Third, configuration has a lot of impact. Do you have an encrypted disk, but unencrypted swap? In that case the passphrase for encryption is probably stored somewhere in swap - especially if you have suspended the system to disk once.

Or do you have Firewire exposed on the computer? Firewire by default allows memory access, which means that an attacker may simply sift trough memory for your encryption keys...

Linux is no more secure than Windows to an attacker that has physical access to the machine - one could even argue that as Windows has TPM support enabled by default if you use Bitlocker, but Linux requires manual configuration of this - that a default Windows installation is safer against a local attacker.

When it comes to remote access (e.g. over a network), Linux distributions tend to fare rather well - simply because they don't run a lot of network services by default.

Define your threats, and try to mitigate them. If you worry about random thiefs getting access to your data, drive encryption and always powering laptop off before moving it or leaving it unattended will probably be enough. Against targeted espionage, that is probably not enough, as an attacker may for instance add logging devices while the laptop is unattended.

So in short - no, don't assume you're safe. Clearly define your threats, and the expected resources of the threat. A random thief will probably spend five minutes trying passwords, and move on and sell the hardware. CIA will be more sophisticated.


ubuntu 14.04: blinking font and mouse pointer

First, enter a console as it seems you can't really do much with your current setup.

To do this type CtrlAltF1.

You should now have a login prompt that looks somewhat like this:

Ubuntu (some version number) (computer name) TTY1

(computer name) login:

Now type your username, press enter, type your password, and press enter again. If all goes well, you should have a logged in terminal session.

I don't fully know what's wrong with your installation but I guess it has something to do with your configuration files. (If you could get some more information out of the error dialog ie what package crashed that would help a lot)

Corrupted Configuration Files:

To remedy (in terminal) type these commands

mkdir oldconfigs #create a directory to hold all the possibly corrupted configuration files
mv .* oldconfigs #move all configuration files to the oldconfigs directory.
sudo reboot now # reboot the computer

If you need to restore some of these configuration files later, they will still be safe in the oldconfigs directory.


Assuming you have not actually changed the root user but removed the first user from the list of administers then this is relatively easy to fix.

Press CTRL+ALT+T and enter id

You should see something similar to.

~$ id
uid=1000(warren) gid=1000(warren)groups=1000(warren),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),109(lpadmin),124(sambashare)

If this shows sudo you should be an administrator. In Ubuntu prior to 12.04 the group was admin If not this is the problem.

First you need to boot to a root shell if you don't normally see grub when you boot hold SHIFT.

You should see something like this:

Select recovery mode, then drop to root shell.

Finally mount the file system read write

mount -o rw,remount /

If the problem was that you were not in the sudo group it can be fixed with

usermod -aG sudo warren

replacing warren with your user name.  If you are not sure what the user name should be it was the uid= field from the id command you ran earlier.

replace sudo with admin if you are using a version of Ubuntu prior to 12.04.

Another less likely possibility is that you have changed the sudoers file

If this is the problem then enter

visudo

Edit this file to look like this (12.04 default):

#
# This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
#
# Please consider adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of
# directly modifying this file.
#
# See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.
#
Defaults    env_reset
Defaults    secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"

# Host alias specification

# User alias specification

# Cmnd alias specification

# User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

# Members of the admin group may gain root privileges
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command
%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

# See sudoers(5) for more information on "#include" directives:

#includedir /etc/sudoers.d


How to remove lines which contain asterisk by using sed command

sed '/\*\*;\*\*;\*\*;\?/d' file

\*\*;\*\*;\*\*;\?: matches a **;**;** string optionally followed by a ; character;
d: deletes the line.

To edit the file in place:

sed -i '/\*\*;\*\*;\*\*;\?/d' file

% cat file                                          :(
**;**;**;
*(Eng_Sen:This is an apple)*;*(WordID:1 2 3 4)*;*(message:)*;
**;**;**
% sed '/\*\*;\*\*;\*\*;\?/d' file
*(Eng_Sen:This is an apple)*;*(WordID:1 2 3 4)*;*(message:)*;
%


Multiple Aliases triggering same function

I did this to get it to work

alias debugApp=debugApi


No clang package for 16.04 seems to contain pp-trace

From looking at packages.ubuntu.org, and specifically - the llvm-3.8 package for Xenial Xerus on AMD64, it seems the file is just missing.

This Debian bug may be relevant.


Aircrack-ng has been removed from ubuntu repo. To build it, you need to follow the guide here

securit.se/en/2012/03/kompilera-reaver-ubuntu-12-04/

And here is a short guide

Install requirement

sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev

Grab the source and start building

wget http://download.aircrack-ng.org/aircrack-ng-1.1.tar.gz
tar -xzvf aircrack-ng-1.1.tar.gz
cd aircrack-ng-1.1
nano common.mak

Then find

CFLAGS          ?= -g -W -Wall -Werror -O3

And remove -Werror like this

CFLAGS          ?= -g -W -Wall -O3

Then start the install process

make
sudo make install

Done. Now you're ready to use aircrack-ng


How do I move a window when two-finger scroll is enabled?

Now I don't use a multi-touch pad, but the way I do it is double-tap (one finger twice) on the title bar, but on the last tap stay down and drag it.

You might have to make sure "Enable mouse clicks with touchpad" is enabled in the touchpad Mouse Settings.


How to find which app versions were/will be in given Ubuntu release?

You can look up existing releases at http://packages.ubuntu.com/. For future releases that is not necessarily always planed ahead, but more depends on what versions are available at freeze time, how actively the package is maintained, etc.


You can try this:
Enter the follow commands in a Terminal

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/* -vf

Then:

sudo apt-get update

The first command will delete your local repo cache (it seems sometimes they can get into an inconsistent state) and apt-get update will refresh the whole thing from source.


You can customize the built-in Ubuntu sound scheme by replacing the files located in /usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo.  As far as making Ubuntu play a sound when a drive is mounted there's not really a 'neat' way to do that.  However, if you were to change the autorun settings (system settings -> Removable Media) to a script that plays a sound file and then mounts the drive that would do the trick, but I don't think that's the "right" way to go about it.


I had the same problem.  I don't want to sound silly but I found it was my network connection.  I am at an office where we have tight internet security on on wired LAN.  I have been working on this for 3 days now.  As soon as I switched to our open public wireless, I was able to run the clean and update without any problems.  I hope it's that easy for you as well.

FWIW: I'm running Zorin Linux with 3.5.0-23 kernel on 64bit


Are there any players (or other programs) intended for transcription?

Try TranscriberAG, unfortunately, it needs compiling manually, though.


Is there any workaround to get the impossible to work? No. Can we make gold out of lead? No. However, if you'd like to wreck your wireless to find out, the correct procedure is:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot.

Now, if you have some other wireless issue that you thought might be fixed by installing the wrong driver, please tell us about it and we'll be very happy to help.


Would adding more RAM increase my speed in Ubuntu, and how hard is this to do?

Adding more RAM will increase the number of tasks that you will be able to perform in your laptop without "feeling" that your computer "is slow", but your computer will be the same unless you change some architecture on it, basically:

The MicroProcessor: the faster = the best. The tasks are processed by the CPU and not by the RAM, understanding this, we can
say that your computer will be "faster" if you use a faster CPU.
The File System Bus, which in certain cases is limited on laptop's motherboards. The wider the file system bus is, will allow
the microprocessor to gather data from/to your devices and this way
the computer will "feel" fast, but in fact the tasks are being
processed based on the speed of your CPU.

I have an analogy for this:

Imagine that you have in an office 3 things:

A man who will process the information in a desktop. (analog for the
CPU)
The desktop (analog for the RAM) and
the file room, a place where the documents are filed. (analog for
Data devices, hard disk drive, etc.)

With this analogy, the man (CPU) will process as many information as can fit on his desktop (RAM), information which is gathered from the file room. If the file room is having a feeder and short distance (file system bus), the man will gather the documents faster, put it on the desktop, process it and give results.

If you have an old man (slower CPU), he will delay doing his tasks, if the man is having a small desktop, will process just a little bit of information at once and if the file room is far or is having another old man feeding the documents, you can say what the results will be.

In a different scenery: a young man in roller blades will go fast for the information, in a giant desktop will be able to process lots of information and give results in a snap.

Anyway, improving just something will give the "feeling" that everything seems to be working "fast" but it is not, unless you arrange the items in a way that the data runs fast from place to place.

There is another considerations: The GPU (graphics card). The fastest that the results can be drawn on the Monitors, you will feel that the computer is working "faster". But remember, it's just an optical illusion. The data is being processed in the same way, but it is being drawn faster.

Good luck!


Increase columns or resolution - Ubuntu Server 18.04 - CLI-only - VMware ESXi 6.5

I have mostly resolved the resolution issue here... I am going to remove some of the random things I've added below to see what exactly is necessary and then retry by rolling back to a previous snap shot.  As anticipated, the resolution is proportional to $COLUMNS, with 1024x768 allowing 128.

FWIW, here is the current changes that I have in place:

Removed svga.guestBackedPrimaryAware = "TRUE" from .vmx file
Increased video ram from 4MB to 16MB per: https://kb.vmware.com/s/article/2152053
Avoided wide-screen resolutions (initial desire was 1280x800, I have it working at 1024x768)

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="vga=792"
GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=1024x768

The more I edit this solution, the more I feel 'special' :)


ps -e | grep python until some python process runs in the system

If your goal is simply to observe is process appears, you can just do this:

watch -n1  "ps -ef | grep command | grep -v grep"

Personally , I frequently use polling technique with pgrep and while loop like so:

while ! pgrep -f command ; do true; done && echo "Process started"

This is a good approach if you want to run additional command if a process appears or disappears.

Test run:

The way this works is very simple:

loop runs pgrep -f command on each iteration and negates its exit status. Thus if process not found the exit status of 1 negates to 0 , thus keeping the loop running.
Once the process appears, exit status becomes 0 , it's negated to 1, causing for loop to terminate and display message with echo

This is a pretty universal approach, works with any shell and scripting language. For instance, I used it in a python script that detects ip change and script to run commands when process appears


Writing files to an Airport Extreme using afp

Try to connect to it using SMB protocol. I tried it and now I can connect from Ubuntu 12.04 64 bit to Apple Time Capsule, read, write and delete files on it.
I read this discussion on Apple discussion:
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/2691164?start=0&tstart=0

Before using the smb protocol (i.e. with the afp protocol) I got:
 kFPMiscError
If I tried to copy some files on it.

Example
smb://user@num1.num2.num3.num4

The problem is: it works just if you are on the same network!:(
From a non local network through the protocol afp on Ubuntu 12.04 I found you can copy or move files already written in the Time Capsule folders. Anyway the goal would be copy files not empty on it from anywhere.


Unmet dependencies, lost archives, and missing source packages while upgrading kernel to 4.2.0

You have to install these packages one-by-one or you will run into dependency issues.

First, make a temporary directory to work in:

cd
mkdir KERNEL;cd KERNEL

Next, download the first of the dependencies to be installed:

wget 'http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2-unstable/linux-headers-4.2.0-040200_4.2.0-040200.201508301530_all.deb'

Install the first dependency:

sudo dpkg -i 'linux-headers-4.2.0-040200_4.2.0-040200.201508301530_all.deb'

Clear the directory:

rm *.deb

Download the next of the dependencies:

wget 'http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2-unstable/linux-headers-4.2.0-040200-generic_4.2.0-040200.201508301530_amd64.deb'

Install the dependency:

sudo dpkg -i 'linux-headers-4.2.0-040200-generic_4.2.0-040200.201508301530_amd64.deb'

Clear the directory:

rm *.deb

Download the kernel:

wget 'http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2-unstable/linux-image-4.2.0-040200-generic_4.2.0-040200.201508301530_amd64.deb'

Install the kernel:

sudo dpkg -i 'linux-image-4.2.0-040200-generic_4.2.0-040200.201508301530_amd64.deb'

Clear the directory:

rm *.deb

Finally, return to your home directory and remove the temporary directory:

cd ..
rm KERNEL

Also, while you are at it, go ahead and open synaptic:

pkexec synaptic &

click on Edit,

then, from the drop-down menu, select fix broken packages just to make sure.

Finally, click Apply and review the changes to make sure you aren't going to gut your whole system before clicking to accept the changes.

If there are no changes to be made, everything is all good.

Please post any errors.

If you can't execute the commands above, you may need to purge the offending packages before you begin.

First, purge the kernel:

sudo dpkg -P 'linux-image-4.2.0-040200-generic'

sudo dpkg -P 'linux-image-4.2.0-040200rc2-generic'

if it says blah blah blah is not installed, just ignore it and move on to the next command.

Then purge the arch specific header:

sudo dpkg -P 'linux-headers-4.2.0-040200-generic'

sudo dpkg -P 'linux-headers-4.2.0-040200rc2-generic'

the same for this, if it's not installed, ignore and move on.

Finally, purge the header:

sudo dpkg -P 'linux-headers-4.2.0-040200'

sudo dpkg -P 'linux-headers-4.2.0-040200rc2'

Additionally, there have been some updates and 4.2.1 has already been released so you may want to try these instructions instead:

Also, if there are problem with your internet connection like dropped downloads, your images could end up corrupted. To fix this, you can use aria2 to  download instead of wget. Unlike wget, aria2 has the ability to resume failed or interrupted downloads. First, install aria2:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install aria2

Then, make a temporary directory to work in:

cd
mkdir KERNEL;cd KERNEL

Next, download all the stuff one-by-one (just go ahead and download all the  before installing this time as it shouldn't make a difference):

aria2c 'http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2.1-unstable/linux-headers-4.2.1-040201_4.2.1-040201.201509211431_all.deb'

aria2c 'http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2.1-unstable/linux-headers-4.2.1-040201-generic_4.2.1-040201.201509211431_amd64.deb'

aria2c 'http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2.1-unstable/linux-image-4.2.1-040201-generic_4.2.1-040201.201509211431_amd64.deb'

Install the first dependency:

sudo dpkg -i 'linux-headers-4.2.1-040201_4.2.1-040201.201509211431_all.deb'

Now, the next dependency:

sudo dpkg -i 'linux-headers-4.2.1-040201-generic_4.2.1-040201.201509211431_amd64.deb'

and then, install the kernel:

sudo dpkg -i 'linux-image-4.2.1-040201-generic_4.2.1-040201.201509211431_amd64.deb'

Clear the directory:

rm *.deb

Finally, return to your home directory and remove the temporary directory:

cd ..
rm KERNEL

Please post any errors.


Use find in conjunction with your command 7z

find /directory/to/zip -maxdepth 1 -type d ! -name "ExcludeMe" -exec 7z {} +


Cinelerra handles uncompressed and lightly compressed videos best.
DV from professional camcorders and mjpeg from some digital cameras, these are usually in the .avi container. Be careful with very long highly compressed videos.

Reading this document may be helpful;

http://www.billauer.co.il/cinelerra-video-edit-quickstart.html

see the heading; Input formats.

This section of the Cinelerra manual may also help;

http://cinelerra.org/docs/cinelerra_cv_manual_en.html#SEC69


That is a plugin for gedit 2 and not compatible with gedit 3.

I tried downloading it, putting it in the right (3.0) directory, changing the interpreter from python to python3 and upgrading the version to 3 but it still didn't work...

Therefore, the solution is: contact the developer for a new version.

(Probably not what you wanted to hear, but alas)


Package sun-java6-jre needs to be reinstalled

Try this.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ferramroberto/java

sudo apt-get update

To install java JRE

sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jre sun-java6-jre-plugin

To install JDK

sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk


How do I install WinConn under Ubuntu 13.04?

Download the .deb files directly from the Launchpad site (press View package details > click on the package and the the .deb file on the list of files) and install it with

sudo dpkg -i foo_downloaded_package

It should work and install the package, ignore any Package is of low quality warnings and if you find any further errors post them in to your question.

You can also edit your apt sources file and replace raring with quantal so that the package is updated from that PPA with the new versions released for Quantal.


How to mount SMB share for multiple users

I finally found the correct combination. Here's my updated fstab:
//mynashost/SomeShare /mnt/SomeShare cifs    vers=1.0,guest,uid=1000,gid=1000,comment=cloudconfig,iocharset=utf8,noperm      0       0

The point is the addition of noperm option.
Here's the mount.cifs manpage related excerpt:

noperm
Client does not do permission checks. This can expose files on this mount to access by
other users on the local client system. It is typically only needed when the server
supports the CIFS Unix Extensions but the UIDs/GIDs on the client and server system do
not match closely enough to allow access by the user doing the mount. Note that this
does not affect the normal ACL check on the target machine done by the server software
(of the server ACL against the user name provided at mount time).


This solution is a combination of @Jeroen's solution and @A lubuntu user solution.

The root cause, I believe, is that the user-specific light-locker.desktop file doesn't override the system-wide one.  So, even if the user configures light-locker to not start at all, it still runs with the default configuration parameters.

Warning: This will disable system-wide default screen locking.  If you want to enable locking for a specific user, you'll need to edit the Exec= line in the ~/.config/autostart/light-locker.desktop file for each user.  Configuring this through "Preferences >> Light Locker Settings" may do this (once the system-wide file is moved out of the way), but I haven't tried this.

Step 1: Disable system-wide startup of light-locker.  This will allow the per-user .desktop file to be executed instead.

sudo mv /etc/xdg/autostart/light-locker.desktop /etc/xdg/autostart/light-locker.desktop.bak

To re-enable this, you would just rename the file so it no longer has the .bak extension.

Step 2: Edit the user-specific light-locker.desktop file

Open ~/.config/autostart/light-locker.desktop in a text editor.

Edit the line that begins Exec= so it is only Exec=. That is, there is no command specified which means light-locker won't be started.

Step 3: Reboot.


I fixed it by installing blueman, a Bluetooth manager
sudo apt install blueman
after installing run blueman from terminal. This will also add Bluetooth icon on system tray(It did on qtile).
Now you can pair or connect by pressing on the Bluetooth icon in system tray.


Is there a disk defragger for NTFS file systems?

The short answer is no, not really. If it contains a Windows bootable installation, any
  attempt you make to defragment it in Linux will most likely render it
  unbootable in Windows. But if is does contain Windows, why not use
  that to defragment the drive - Windows can be useful for more than
  playing games. If the drive is used purely for data, then you can
  severely reduce fragmentation by copying all the data off,
  reformatting the drive and copying the data back. This requires an
  NTFS filesystem with full write support, either the commercial Paragon
  NTFS for Linux application or NTFS-3G, which is included in the Ubuntu
  repositories. You'll also need the ntfsprogs package.1

Read On

1Source:Tuxradar


sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
wget -N -t 5 -T 10 https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v3.18.1/backports-3.18.1-1.tar.xz
tar -xf backports-3.18.1-1.tar.xz
cd ~/backports-3.18.1-1
make defconfig-rtlwifi
make
sudo make install

Reboot and enjoy as it should work in 14.04 just like it did in 12.04

Ask Ubuntu 12.04 z50-70

Be sure to read my comment about what to do when your kernel updates...you will know when it happens as your wifi should give you problems again


How do I set up keyboard shortcuts that use the Super key?

CCSM -> "Commands" should work (sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager).

There's also that dirty hack ..

Replacing "super" with "Mod4" in ~/.gconf/desktop/gnome/keybindings/custom0/%gconf.xml seems to work after restarting X.

There might be compatibility issues if you bind already existing shortcuts, say "Mod4+Tab".


Dual Boot Problems Windows 8 & Ubuntu 12.04

The error you report indicates that you're trying to boot with the "Windows Recovery Environment (loader) (on /dev/sda2)" or "Windows 8 (loader) (on /dev/sda3)" entries. Those entries are both suitable for BIOS-mode Windows installations, but you've clearly got an EFI-mode installation. Thus, you should be using the "Windows UEFI bootmgfw.efi", "Windows Boot UEFI loader", "Windows UEFI recovery bootmgfw.efi", or "Windows Boot UEFI recovery" entries. (Probably the first of those.)

If none of those entries work, then something is wrong. In this case, I recommend you download the USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager, prepare a medium with it, and boot to that medium. You should be able to boot to both Windows and Ubuntu with rEFInd. If this works, install the Debian-package version of rEFInd in Ubuntu. The computer should then boot to rEFInd when you reboot, and you can use rEFInd as your default boot manager. rEFInd tends to be much less finicky about booting Windows than is GRUB, so using it instead of GRUB as your primary boot manager often fixes problems like this.


Minecraft Launcher is not working in Lubuntu 18.04 LTS

That is also the error that jumps to me ... The issue is that Ubuntu 18.04 LTS has Java JDK 11, Minecraft can not run that version of Java ...

The best option would be to install the Minecraft Premium Snap Launcher.

First make sure you have snap support installed:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install snapd

You should log out and back in if this newly installed snapd, because it adds a new shell initialization script that includes the necessary locations in your PATH environment variable. Without that, the snap command will not be found.

sudo snap install minecraft

And the other option would be to return to Ubuntu 16.04 (as long as it is supported), which still comes with Java 8.


How to recursively and automatically convert all bmp images to png files in a given directory?

A simple for loop might be enough for a single directory:

for i in *.bmp
do
convert $i "${i%.bmp}.png"
done

To make this truly recursive there are a few choices, one method is the following:

find . -name '*.bmp' -type f -exec bash -c 'convert "$0" "${0%.bmp}.png"' {} \;

If you wish to dabble a bit more you specify a quality level for the png level by using the syntax:

-quality value

This takes a value of 1 for the lowest quality and smallest file size to 100 for the greatest quality and largest file size. The default is approximately 92. Further details here...


I had the same problem and it turned out to be failing hard drives.

You can check this quickly by "trying Ubuntu" then look for "Disks" and it will tell you if the drive is "going to fail soon" you can also check if you can hear clicking from the hard drive as it's running.


I had the same problem (same card/os, clinfo returns 1 platform, 0 devices) with amdgpu-pro drivers installed, and in my case installing `mesa-opencl-icd` did fix the problem. I'd just reinstalled my OS, so had just the default mesa drivers (20.2.6) and amdgpu-pro (21.10) on it. Now it recognizes the card correctly, and seems to be using it. Might be worth another shot!
EDIT: Nope! It seemed to be working, but was using the mesa opencl drivers which didn't work for what I needed (no image support).

Through an awful lot more hair-tearing I found installing ROCm directly worked, alongside the kisak mesa drivers ppa.
See:
https://rocmdocs.amd.com/en/latest/Installation_Guide/Installation-Guide.html


How do I install Ubuntu 12.04 on my Asus 1225C netbook?

I have successfully installed Ubuntu 12.04 on the Asus 1225C

First I recommend updating the BIOS. Download the latest version from the Asus support site and install through the BIOS menu. This is probably not essential but does include an Ubuntu update!

I had problems installing from USB. I reset the BIOS setting to the default and it recognized and booted from the USB. The only difference in the BIOS that I have spotted is the CPUID maximum enabled.

Hope that gets you started. I'm still struggling with the accelerated graphics...


Does moving or renaming a executable file (in particular a Windows executable under Wine) impact its running while it is being run?

Are airplanes always refueled on the ground?

Well of course you think. But .001% of the time they are refueled in mid-air. Military applications for example. So the rule isn't steadfast. The same is true with executable files and scripts. Viruses for example infect executables while they are running and the copy on disk as well. That's a good thing if they break. However non-viruses also can update executables / scripts.

Example of script that updates itself

This script: How can I cause a script to log in a separate file the number of times it has been executed? updates itself with the number of times it has been run.

Conventionally a separate configuration file is used for each script file to record how many times it is run. But if you have dozens upon dozens of scripts it makes sense to store the run count in the script itself. Additionally, you don't have to keep track of where the configuration file is stored and changing the script if the configuration file is moved. The code to modify the run count can be included with a source or . bash command to reduce maintenance costs and improve readability.

Code snippet

Here's the relevant code from the link above:

# This script run count: 0

[ "${FLOCKER}" != "$0" ] && exec env FLOCKER="$0" flock -en "$0" "$0" "$@" || :
#     This is useful boilerplate code for shell scripts.  Put it at the top  of
#     the  shell script you want to lock and it'll automatically lock itself on
#     the first run.  If the env var $FLOCKER is not set to  the  shell  script
#     that  is being run, then execute flock and grab an exclusive non-blocking
#     lock (using the script itself as the lock file) before re-execing  itself
#     with  the right arguments.  It also sets the FLOCKER env var to the right
#     value so it doesn't run again.

# Read this script with entries separated newline " " into array
mapfile -t ScriptArr < "$0"

# Build search string that cannot be named
SearchStr="This script"
SearchStr=$SearchStr" run count: "

# Find our search string in array and increment count
for i in ${!ScriptArr[@]}; do
    if [[ ${ScriptArr[i]} = *"$SearchStr"* ]]; then
        OldCnt=$( echo ${ScriptArr[i]} | cut -d':' -f2 )
        NewCnt=$(( $OldCnt + 1 ))
        ScriptArr[i]=$SearchStr$NewCnt
        break
    fi
done

# Rewrite our script to disk with new run count
# BONUS: Date of script after writing will be last run time
printf "%s\n" "${ScriptArr[@]}" > "$0"

Breaking down the code

I'll quickly explain how the unique code parts works.

mapfile -t ScriptArr < "$0"

^ This reads the entire script /script/path/script-name.sh into the array named ScriptArr.

OldCnt=$( echo ${ScriptArr[i]} | cut -d':' -f2 )
NewCnt=$(( $OldCnt + 1 ))
ScriptArr[i]=$SearchStr$NewCnt

^ This takes the old count on the comment line: # This script run count: 0 and increments it by 1.

printf "%s\n" "${ScriptArr[@]}" > "$0"

^ This writes the modified script array out to disk as the new executable script. A nice (or bad) side effect is the date the script was last run is now the scripts modification date.

Multi-User considerations

Notice the FLOCKER variable from the command above:

[ "${FLOCKER}" != "$0" ] && exec env FLOCKER="$0" flock -en "$0" "$0" "$@" || :

^ This is for multiple users. If one user is running the script it stops a second user from running the very same script. Let's say you wait until the first user's job ends and then move the script. That's bad because the second user that was in wait mode now gets access to run the script because the semaphore lock is dropped. However after the first user's job finished you moved the script to a different directory. Not a big deal 99.999% of the time but, it's the extremely rare times that are the unfathomable bugs.

Summary

A running script or executable can change itself or can even be change another program that's no running within the same application.

Generally speaking it is 99% safe to move (ie rename) a program that is already running. That said I would never do that.

Your question is about wine (pseudo-Windows) but these bash scripts were designed for Ubuntu under Linux and Ubuntu under Windows (WSL). The point isn't so much about wine but to show what can be done in programming / scripting world.


You need to extract it first.

To install globally (i.e. to install it such that it is available for all users, you need to place it in /usr/share/themes.

For this you need root privileges. A simple way to achieve this would be to open nautilus as root and then copy paste the extracted theme folder.

Type Ctrl+Alt+T to open a terminal window.
In the terminal window that opens do:

sudo nautilus

A window will show up. Copy your extracted theme folder and paste it into /usr/share/themes. (Close the window when you're done.)

If you do not have root privileges, copy your extracted theme folder to ~/.themes/ where ~ stands for your home and . makes the folder hidden – simply create one if there isn't any.

After all, you need apps such as Unity Tweak Tool to select the theme.


Problem playing online videos on Ubuntu 16.04

The old way of installing Adobe Flash with sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer is no longer supported. Instead, you need to use Fresh Player.

To Install

As of 16.04, Fresh Player is available in the official repositories. Installing is as simple as:

 sudo apt-get install browser-plugin-freshplayer-pepperflash

However, if you still want the most up-to-date version, you can add the PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install browser-plugin-freshplayer-pepperflash

This will install the actual player, but it still needs an extra file. This file is the actual pepperflash library used by the player. To get it, you can use a PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:skunk/pepper-flash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pepflashplugin-installer

Close your browser and re-open, and it should be enabled. The reason Youtube and Vimeo worked most likely was because of the support of HTML5 video on those websites.

Source: WebUpd8 Team


Sound plays from laptop speakers only even when headphones are connected

I had the same problem:  I plug in headphones, and sound comes out of the headphones and my laptop speakers.

Here's how I fixed this problem:

Go to Sound Preferences [click on the Sound icon in the top-right, on the bottom of the menu, you'll see sound preferences]

Next, go to the Output tab.

Here, look at the bottom, where it says "Connector:"

I think mine was on "Analog Speakers" [or possibly "Analog Headphones"].

Change it to "Analog Output"

Please try to tell me if this solution fixes your problem.

Also, you can try alsamixer to manaully turn down the Speaker volume.


Unity greeter background not changing for users automatically after upgrade

If I understand you correctly, you want the desktop background for the login screen to change depending on which user is highlighted.

Yes, it does do this by default (it sets it to the one the user uses). The caveat is that since you upgraded, it doesn't automatically set this for existing users.

Simply change the wallpaper for each user, then change it back to what you had before. This will update the login screen to show the correct wallpapers. I had to do this with network users.


Anyone who is having this issue, here is a temporary fix.

Thanks to @AndroidDev, here is an easy fix that works well enough.

Find out which port your Arduino is using (look in the bottom right corner or in the menu)
Go to terminal and do sudo chmod a+rw /dev/ttyfoo (fill in the last part with your part)
Open Arduino and carry on!

The issue with this solution is that you must redo steps 2&3 every time you use Arduino, so try to write a script or something which does it automatically and post it here so others can use it.


Why are the system requirements significantly higher for the linux port of Team Fortress 2?

Running the ported games requires a lot of overhead. They use a wrapper to get DirectX games running through OpenGL.

Look at the requirements for Dota 2:

MS Windows:
OS: Windows 7
Processor: Dual core from Intel or AMD at 2.8 GHz
Memory: 4 GB RAM
Graphics: nVidia GeForce 8600/9600GT, ATI/AMD Radeon HD2600/3600
DirectX: Version 9.0c
Network: Broadband Internet connection
Storage: 8 GB available space
Sound Card: DirectX Compatible
~~
Linux:
OS: Ubuntu 12.04
Processor: Dual core from Intel or AMD at 2.8 GHz
Memory: 4 GB RAM
Graphics: nVidia Geforce 8600/9600GT (Driver v331), AMD HD 2xxx-4xxx (Driver mesa 10.5.9), AMD HD 5xxx+ (Driver mesa 10.5.9 or Catalyst 15.7), Intel HD 3000 (Driver mesa 10.6)
Network: Broadband Internet connection
Storage: 8 GB available space
Sound Card: OpenAL Compatible Sound Card

Dota 2 reborn was not a cut+paste port, instead Source 2 natively supports OpenGL. The system requirements are very similar.

tl;dr: Some games have a DirectX wrapper which have a lot of overhead.


How do I navigate to sabnzbd.ini in Debian?

Since the name of the folder has a . in front of it, it is hidden by the file manager. All files and folders that have a period as the first character in their name will be automatically hidden by file managers. To see them, you usually have to enable the viewing of hidden files and folders, which can typically be done using a simple keyboard shortcut. The keyboard shortcut in the default Gnome file manager is Ctrl + H. Press the keyboard shortcut to see hidden files and folders, press it again to hide them again.

So to navigate to that particular folder, open your home folder (go to the launchers on the left and click the folder) and press Ctrl + H. Then you will see, in the list of files and folders, .sabnzbd. If you don't want to see all of your hidden files and folders again, press Ctrl + H while the window is still open.


how to install flash for opera browser? ubuntu 12 04

Your syntax in code is wrong.

do this(from normal user, not root! also replace your_username with Your username :) ):

cp /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so /home/your_username/.opera/plugins/libflashplayer.so

sudo apt-get install gecko-mediaplayer (not sure if it's nessesary but i'm just correcting syntax)


Restart the computer.
Press the F2 key to enter computer's BIOS Setup during Power-On Self-Test, or POST, process while the Acer logo is being displayed.
Press the Right Arrow key to select Main.
Select F12 Boot Menu.
Press the Enter key.
Select Enabled.
Press the Enter key.

source


You don't want to configure addresses on both the bridge and the physical interface, which is what happens when you have dhcp4: true set in both places.  To match the configuration described in https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/openvpn.html.en#openvpn-advanced-config, your netplan yaml should look like:

$ cat /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
 # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
 # For more information, see netplan(5).

network:
    version: 2
    renderer: networkd
    ethernets:
        enp0s31f6:
            dhcp4: no
    bridges:
        br0:
            interfaces: [enp0s31f6]
            dhcp4: no
            addresses: [10.0.1.100/24]
            gateway4: 10.0.1.1
            nameservers:
                addresses: [10.0.1.1]

Note that this uses static address configuration.  DHCP also works, but it does not make sense to have other config files on your system (the openvpn.conf) with statically configured IP information, but use DHCP for the host's network.

You do not need to declare this interface "optional", which only relates to what other systemd units will wait for this interface to be configured at boot.

The other portion of the ifupdown config that does not translate to netplan is the 'promisc' command: up ip link set $IFACE up promisc on.  To do the equivalent on a system using netplan, ensure that you have the networkd-dispatcher package installed, then install the following script as /usr/lib/networkd-dispatcher/dormant.d/promisc_bridge (owned by root, marked executable):

#!/bin/sh

set -e

if [ "$IFACE" = br0 ]; then
    # no networkd-dispatcher event for 'carrier' on the physical interface
    ip link set eth0 up promisc on
fi


Cannot disable Display Port via grub boot options

I was able to disable the display port by adding video=DP-2:d to the grub boot options. Notice that xrandr was showing DisplayPort-1 even though in reality DP-2 was enabled.

Here's how I was able to find out which was the real output device thanks to the ArchLinux wiki:

*To get the name and current status of connectors, you can use the following shell one-liner:

$ for p in /sys/class/drm/*/status; do con=${p%/status}; echo -n "${con#*/card?-}: "; cat $p; done

DVI-I-1: connected
HDMI-A-1: disconnected
VGA-1: disconnected


Install VirtualBox while keeping Secure Boot

I have not tried either of those procedures. I do, however, do this in a different way -- but it's a very tedious method. This description will make it seem easier than that because I refer to a big page I've written that covers the worst of the tedious parts. My procedure is:

Take control of Secure Boot -- In my case, I've configured my computer so that I embed my own Secure Boot public key in the firmware. This way I don't need to use Shim or MOKs. I've removed Microsoft's keys from and added my own and Canonical's keys to the computer on which I use this procedure, but you can set yours up with whatever keys you like. The critical part for the purposes of your question is that you must include a key that you generate, with a private key that you retain to make it work. You'll also need keys used to sign standard components -- Canonical's key, Microsoft's public marketplace key, or both. If you dual-boot with Windows, you'll need the public key for the one Microsoft uses to sign its own boot loader. See this page of mine for all the gory details -- but be aware that this is a tedious and finicky procedure, so you may spend quite a while getting this part working. Note that most UEFIs make it pretty easy to restore the standard key set, so the risk involved in trying this procedure is low.
Sign the VirtualBox modules -- The next step is to sign the VirtualBox kernel modules. This is done in pretty much the same way as the pages to which you've linked describe; however, I have a script to help automate this process (see below).
Load the VirtualBox module -- After signing the modules, they must be loaded. This should happen automatically on reboot; but if you want to use VirtualBox without rebooting, you must explicitly use modprobe for each of the modules (vboxdrv, vboxnetflt, vboxpci, and vboxnetadp).
Repeat steps 2-3 after every kernel update -- After a kernel update, steps #2 and #3 must be repeated.

For convenience, I've written a script to do steps #2 and #3 in one command. I call it sign-vbox. Here it is:

#!/bin/bash
# sign-vbox script, copyright (c) 2017 by Rod Smith
# Distributed under the terms of the GPLv3

if [ "$#" -ne 1 ] && [ "$#" -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 [ {kernel-version} ]"
    exit 1
fi

if [ "$#" == 0 ]; then
    kernel_version=$(uname -r)
else
    kernel_version="$1"
fi

sign_file=$(find /usr/src/ -name sign-file | tail -n 1)

if [ -z $sign_file ]; then
    echo "Can't find the sign-file binary! Exiting!"
    exit 1
else
    path_to_modules="/lib/modules/$kernel_version/updates/dkms"

    if [ ! -f $path_to_modules/vboxdrv.ko ]; then
        echo "Could not find $path_to_modules/vboxdrv.ko!"
        echo "Is the kernel version correct?"
        exit 1
    fi

    echo "Signing modules for $kernel_version"
    $sign_file sha256 /etc/refind.d/keys/refind_local.key /etc/refind.d/keys/refind_local.cer $path_to_modules/vboxdrv.ko
    $sign_file sha256 /etc/refind.d/keys/refind_local.key /etc/refind.d/keys/refind_local.cer $path_to_modules/vboxnetadp.ko
    $sign_file sha256 /etc/refind.d/keys/refind_local.key /etc/refind.d/keys/refind_local.cer $path_to_modules/vboxnetflt.ko
    $sign_file sha256 /etc/refind.d/keys/refind_local.key /etc/refind.d/keys/refind_local.cer $path_to_modules/vboxpci.ko
    modprobe vboxdrv
    modprobe vboxnetflt
    modprobe vboxpci
    modprobe vboxnetadp
    echo "Loaded vbox modules:"
    lsmod | grep vbox
fi

To use this script, simply type its name. It signs the VirtualBox modules associated with the currently-running kernel. If you pass it a kernel version number, it should sign the kernels associated with that kernel version, but there's no room for error in specifying the kernel version number. (It expects the same format that uname -r would return if the kernel were running.)

Note that the script expects to find private (refind_local.key) and public (refind_local.cer) keys in /etc/refind.d/keys/. You'll have to change that location for your own system, unless you use rEFInd and use local keys for it. The private key file should be as secure as you can make it, such as having 0400 (-r--------) permissions. Limiting access to the directory itself may be helpful, too. Better yet, put it on a USB flash drive that you plug in only when you run this command.

Also, I wrote this script for my own personal use. It probably has bugs, particularly if used in a way I don't expect. Certainly it fails pretty badly if the necessary kernel source files aren't installed.

It's conceivable that this script would work with the MOK-based methods you tried to use if you pointed it at the key files you generated, the public file of which you loaded into the MOK. I can't promise this, though, and of course your problems could be due to either improperly signed kernel modules or problems on the Shim/MOK end. Using this script would help only if your kernel modules were not properly signed.


Affecting a current install with a Live-CD after current install breaks

I have no real explanation how and why, but the steps described above was enough to fix it. The instructions in Live CD Recovery were enough, somehow. But use the Terminal (Ctrl-Alt-T) if you can't log in.

Boot the Ubuntu Live CD.
Press Ctrl-Alt-F1 (Or Ctrl-Alt-T if you can't log in)
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
sudo chroot /mnt
apt update (and follow suggestions when errors occur)
apt upgrade (and follow suggestions when errors occur)

It won't look like much happened, and you still have to continue your update, but it was enough to get back to the regular install.


Geforce Go 7300/7400 Blacklisted, Can I Still Run Unity?

We blacklisted Geforce Go 7300/7400 because of some freezes at startup with the "nvidia-current" driver.

It seems that unity 3D can run with the "nvidia 173" driver with those card. However, you will get some slowness, you are warned!

So, to workaround the detection at startup, you can:

sudo nano /etc/environment
add: UNITY_FORCE_START=1
Save the file with Ctrl+X
reboot

Ensure you are choosing the "ubuntu" session in gdm (default). This will bypass the detection and try to start unity 3D.


You have two choices if there are no Linux-based versions of that program available:

Setup WINE(Wine Is Not an Emulator)
Run a virtual machine on your Ubuntu-Host

WINE: https://www.winehq.org/

But I recommend you to use a virtual machine instead of wine, because with wine you are limited concerning the programs.

A tutorial for setting up WINXP as a virtual machine on Ubuntu:
http://www.wikihow.com/Install-Windows-XP-on-Ubuntu-with-VirtualBox

I hope this helps :-)


Reinstall default truetype fonts (Ubuntu 16.04)

Just went through this with another user for a different directory. You can see what packages had files in a directory. In my case:

$ dpkg -S /usr/share/fonts/truetype | cut -sd: -f1 | tr -d , | fold -w80
fonts-opensymbol ttf-mscorefonts-installer ttf-ubuntu-font-family fonts-symbola
fonts-liberation fonts-freefont-ttf fonts-droid-fallback fonts-dejavu-core

We can polish that up into a single command that just reinstalls all those packages:

sudo apt install --reinstall $(dpkg -S /usr/share/fonts/truetype | cut -sd: -f1 | tr -d ,)

The benefit here is you're reinstalling the files based on your packages.


Print fails when using any icc other than default - Ubuntu 18.04.1

For the Epson driver for this very fine printer,

go here http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/du/02/DriverDownloadInfo.do?LG2=EN&CN2=&DSCMI=62074&DSCCHK=491da99ba16aace3a07d40439367278e7a3319f2 and click to download what for 64bit Ubuntu should be epson-sc-p9k8k7k6k-ww_1.0.0-1lsb3.2_amd64.deb

(Epson specifically call this a FULL-FEATURE driver so we hope it is very good)

(I am guessing ww means worldwide, as there seem to be specifically japanese drivers further on in the list.

If when one clicks to download, the system offers to "OPEN" the package, accept that as OPEN means install

to set up a printer, one needs to 1) install the drivers and 2) register the printer with LPadmin; ... usually doing 1) seems to trigger an auto 2)

If you now have 2 icons, you need to be able to identify which is the Epson driver


Ubuntu 14.04 slow connection with Broadcom wireless card

I'm having the same problem and I'm about to try installing b43. Only do this if you are sure because I'm a total newb and I don't know what I'm talking about really. But basically I think this is an open source version. And that should be better because the developers can test and modify the drivers.
Here is a guide to installing:
http://www.howopensource.com/2012/10/install-broadcom-b43-legacy-wireless-driver-in-ubuntu-12-10-12-04/

If you haven't already read this:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx

Here is a totally different idea (rolling back the driver):
How to downgrade Broadcom wireless drivers bcmwl-kernel-source?


How to fix kernel issue after upgrading from 18.10 to 19.04?

The analysis of source code says that grubcfg_proxy is related to grub-customizer package.

At first I can't find the reason why it is located in /etc/grub.d/bin/grubcfg_proxy on your system. This was actual for old versions, but not for current versions.
At second it is strange that it tries to load libcrypto.so.1.0.0, while regular Ubuntu 19.04 has libcrypto.so.1.1 (shipped with libssl1.1 package).
The third moment is that grubcfg_proxy file on disco is renamed to grubcfg-proxy and located in /usr/lib/grub-customizer/grubcfg-proxy.

So I'll suggest to move your binary file out the way with

sudo mv /etc/grub.d/bin/grubcfg_proxy ~/

then to be completely sure I'll recommend to purge current version of GRUB Customizer with

sudo apt-get purge grub-customizer

then update GRUB configuration:

sudo update-grub

and finally install upgrades:

sudo apt-get upgrade

If you need to use grub-customizer install its package from official repository with

sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

and use it as before.