What ultimately worked for me was to check whether the shell was an interactive shell.  I based the solution on this other post at unix.stackexchange: How to check if a shell is login/interactive/batch.

So the code for the solution was:

if [[ $- == *i* ]]; then
  fgRed=$(tput setaf 1)     ; fgGreen=$(tput setaf 2)  ; fgBlue=$(tput setaf 4)
  fgMagenta=$(tput setaf 5) ; fgYellow=$(tput setaf 3) ; fgCyan=$(tput setaf 6)
  fgWhite=$(tput setaf 7)   ; fgBlack=$(tput setaf 0)
  bgRed=$(tput setab 1)     ; bgGreen=$(tput setab 2)  ; bgBlue=$(tput setab 4)
  bgMagenta=$(tput setab 5) ; bgYellow=$(tput setab 3) ; bgCyan=$(tput setab 6)
  bgWhite=$(tput setab 7)   ; bgBlack=$(tput setab 0)
fi


Remap Caps Lock key to 'Run Command' (Alt+F2)

Install Xdotool
  and CompizConfig Settings Manager
 from Ubuntu Software Center
Disable Caps-Lock by opening Keyboard Preferences

System ▸ Preferences ▸ Keyboard

Goto tab Layouts then click the button Options...

Change the key behaviour to CapsLock is disabled

Open CompizConfig Settings Manager

Use Run Command, Alt + F2, and type ccsm

Enable Commands plugin then add the following

Add xdotool key alt+F2 to the first available command slot
Goto 'Key Bindings' tab. In the same slot number assign Caps Lock key.

Note: It will show VoidSymbol as the button assigned but this is fine.


weird vpnc connection problem - vpn works but http post bugs out

Alright, hope someone finds this useful and doesn't have to spend hours trying to figure it out. The two clients in question were fixed after lowering their MTU to 1200 (1300 worked but had one hiccup while connecting from a coffee shop, so left it at 1200 for both). So all you have to do is include ifconfig tun0 mtu 1200 in your /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/vpn-up script.


VNC and the "Use this connection only for resources on its network"

You can use PuTTY and make a tunnel connection to the host.

1.As this picture, choose the host's IP address.
 2.As this picture, choose the source port and destination. The destination is the thing that you have tried to connect by VPC viewer. The source port can be anything you want.

After that, on the VNC viewer, you should try to connect 127.0.0.1:9000.


ubuntu 15.10 display blur lines and hang issue with intel core 2 cpu

Below solution worked for me.

If somebody encountered this problem solution that worked for me was to disable SNA hardware acceleration. You can check if it is active running
Code in Terminal:

cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep SNA

To disable SNA you need to create /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/ folder (let it be 20-intel.conf) with next lines:
Code:

Section "Device"
   Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
   Driver      "intel"
   Option      "AccelMethod"  "uxa"
EndSection

and restart xserver (kill X.org process or reboot or ctrl-alt-Backspace).

rebooting worked for me.


How to remove this error while installing numpy on Ubuntu?

Numpy and Scipy for Python 2.x can be installed from the default repositories with the following commands:
sudo apt install python-numpy # 20.04 and earlier
sudo apt install python-scipy # 18.04 and earlier

The corresponding packages for Python 3.x are python3-numpy and python3-scipy.


Go to Category > Properties where you'll find the suitable setting for active downloads:

But note that maximum allowed limit is 20.


Slow performance after wubi install of Ubuntu 14 with XP

Due to your system specs you listed: Pentium 4, 2.79 GHz, 1 GB RAM, I would highly recommend you install either Lubuntu (a personal favourite of mine) or Xubuntu instead of standard Ubuntu. Both variants are lighter on system resources than standard and thus should run better on your hardware.


Windows XP cannot connect to samba share (linux server 20.04)

You have 'client min protocol = NT1' set, there is another similar setting 'server min protocol' which from Samba 4.11.0 is set to SMBv2. Your XP is probably only using SMBv1, so it will not be able to see or connect to your Samba server.
So you have to edit the [global] section in the /etc/samba/smb.conf and add the server min protocol = NT1 option here. Then restart the Samba service.


Stop Postfix sending email to root@domain.local

I found the problem. Now I can received the reports email. As the document explain you need to redirect the root local account to a unix account. I keep all other settings as I posted before.

I have to configure:

nano /etc/postfix/main.cf:
virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual

# I had to create the file.
nano /etc/postfix/virtual:
root     root@localhost

And then run

postmap /etc/postfix/virtual

Here the explanation:
http://www.postfix.org/STANDARD_CONFIGURATION_README.html#some_local

Thank you all.


The difference between Hardy and Trusty is quite big. Too big to do so-called apt-pinning.

It seems to me that the easiest and cleanest solution is to install Hardy in a Virtual Machine, and install gcc 4.2 there.

For example, after downloading the Hardy iso image and installing Qemu/KVM. Assuming you can run KVM (Otherwise just run plain Qemu or use VirtualBox) :

qemu-img -f qcow2 hardy-hdd.qcow2 15G
kvm -hda hardy-hdd.qcow2 -cdrom ubuntu-8.04-desktop-amd64.iso -boot d -m 1024

The first line created a virtual hard disk of 15 Gb called hardy-hdd.qcow2

The second line boots up the iso cdrom image, in order to install Ubuntu Hardy in the virtual hdd.


Accepting a host key on the device and the workstation

Workstation here refers to the computer you're using to install Ubuntu on the phone. When you connect the phone to the computer and try to access it via adb (adb shell), the phone automatically asks you if it should allow the computer to connect (and displays a key (looks like: 00:11:AA:....)).


fatal error: zend_smart_str.h: No such file or directory

php 7.0.17-2+deb.sury.org~trusty+1

sudo apt-get install php7.0-dev

Provides /usr/include/php/20151012/Zend/zend_smart_str.h


Apt-get does not install packages, apt-get update does not work

First error

deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

This doesn't have a i386 component. Plus, I don't know why you want i386 packages on a Raspberry Pi.

Therefore

Err:9 http://ports.ubuntu.com bionic/main i386 Packages

Try prepending the line with [arch=armhf,arm64], ie:

deb [arch=armhf,arm64] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

And check the output of dpkg --print-foreign-architectures.

Second error

E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/wine/wine-builds/ubuntu bionic Release' does not have a Release file.

That repository doesn't have a bionic component.


Windows, Ubuntu and Grub with multiple disks

Yes you can boot windows without external SSD, for this purpose you will have to install Grub Loader into your primary SSD.

The easiest approach is to install boot-repair in Ubuntu and Run it from terminal by executing following command in terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Then choose advanced options and install grub into internal SSD , it will be named something as /dev/sda


You can use this:

half screen unity search box

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity form-factor 'Desktop'

fullscreen unity search box

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity form-factor 'Netbook'


No sound over HDMI running 15.04 on NUC D54250WYK

The issue was the result of a kernel bug Ubuntu's kernel version 3.19.0-18. The issue was fixed in a later update.


Because you're in scale mode which causes it to be hidden.

Host + C is the toggle for scale mode (where Host is Right Control by default)


Ubuntu 17.10 weird system freeze, no errors in syslog

One of the plugins in Atom was broken, which somehow caused a system-wide UI freeze. Reinstalling the plugins seems to have fixed the problem.


How to get Ubuntu 15.04 running full-screen on VMware?

It will work best, if you install the VMWare Tools.
There is a kb article for you: http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1022525

This will enable some features like shared clipboard.


Can't install oracle java and gcc-4.9:i386 on 64bit OS

First of all, are you sure you mean JDK7? That came out quite a while ago. We're late into JDK8.

Second, have you tried installing ia32-libs yet? It has technically been removed from the central repos (Canonical, etc.); but its jobs is to act as a crutch for strictly 32-bit programs that need to run on 64-bit systems. Details here: How to compile and install ia32-libs in Ubuntu 14.04?

Hopefully Dwarf Fortress will implement some support for 64-bit architectures eventually, though. I remember having a similar problem with Steam's buggy support for 64-bit Flash; thankfully it was eventually fixed.


OpenOffice Menu Items, Firefox URL and Header fonts are gibberish images after Ubuntu upgrade to 20.04

Still could not find the root cause of it. Only resetting to the default settings by
dconf reset -f /

brought back the fonts in Firefox and Open Office.


How do I add start parameter to a program installed via snap

Found the solution.

Go to folder /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications and right click
"gitter-desktop_gitter-desktop.desktop" and open properties.

The command must change from this

env BAMF_DESKTOP_FILE_HINT=/var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/gitter-desktop_gitter-desktop.desktop /snap/bin/gitter-desktop %U

to this

env BAMF_DESKTOP_FILE_HINT=/var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/gitter-desktop_gitter-desktop.desktop /snap/bin/gitter-desktop --force-device-scale-factor=2 %U


There are two things you can do to manage unity and its maximizing, although neither are 100% efficient.

Firstly use dconf-editor and switch the setting Desktop > Unity > 'Form Factor' to Desktop

Secondly you can use CCSM (compizconfig-settings-manager) and change the 'Place Windows > General > Placement Mode' to Smart - or which ever option works best for you.

Unfortunately I'm under the impression that this behavior is a feature, not a bug, to encourage us to use multiple desktops rather than clutter a single one.


Attempting to update Ubuntu 18.0.4 CLI Could not resolve, and Failed to fetch. Ping to domain name fails

At first, you must add a static IP address to the indeed interface. if your network range is 192.168.1.0/24, try to do it:
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 up.

After that, try to ping this IP to check out the interface status:
ping 192.168.1.1
ping 4.2.2.4

If everything goes well, remote add nameserver that is in /etc/resolv.conf and add nameserver 4.2.2.4 to this config file:
sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf


How to ban an IP temporarily after several incorrect password attempts?

I recommend looking at fail2ban to do this for you:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Fail2ban

(Also, yes, I would just do a fresh install, especially if they got root access.)


Sadly, this is because of a unsupported discrete graphics card. I myself have a Lenovo Ideapad 330-15ARR with the processor same as yours and a radeon 540 graphics card. Been finding a solution for this problem forever but I finally found one which was to disable my discrete graphics card.
It isn't a problem for me to disable it since I'm mainly using it for work.
To solve this, you need to go to bios. Under 'Configurations' tab, search for a parameter (for graphics) which has a value of [Discrete]. Then change it to the another option (there should only be two of the 'Discrete' and the other one).


Error Installing Landscape Server on 18.04

Last I heard, Landscape Server has to be on 16.04, 18.04 is not yet supported. Maybe that has changed as you've gotten further than I had.

E: Looks like they updated the PPA for 18.04 (as suggested by the PPA version being 19.01). I gave it a go on a fresh 18.04 server VM and got the same error you did. It doesn't appear to be related to the Postgres message. It appears the actual issue (which spawns other issues afterwards) is:

pg_restore: [archiver (db)] error returned by PQputCopyData: server closed the connection unexpectedly

E2: After looking into it further, Google suggested it could be related to available space, and sure enough, I was using a 16GB VHD with this Ubuntu install, below the minimum requirements for Landscape. Now the error of interest to me is:

`2019-03-03 15:37:03.453 ERROR landscape-quickstart Load command failed:

/usr/bin/pg_restore --disable-triggers --no-owner --data-only --host=localhost --username=landscape_superuser --dbname=landscape-standalone-package /var/lib/landscape/hash-id-databases/landscape-standalone-package.sql`

It strikes me as something Canonical should fix, but in the meantime I will try to find a workaround...

E3: I would guess it has something to do with the recent major release of Postgres 11 but the landscape-server-quickstart script installs Postgres 10.6. You might try the install on Ubuntu 18.10 although you'll typically want Landscape on an LTS install.


I was wrong. I was just not remembering all the steps I took to make it happen.

Here is what I did that got it all working as I had:

apt-get install cifs-utils

reboot (not sure if it is necessary)

in /etc/fstab added entries like:
//192.168.0.118/Pictures    /mnt/Pictures       cifs vers=1.0,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,suid,credentials=/etc/credentials 0 0

created an /etc/credentials file:

username={username}

password={password}

created mount point:
/mnt/Pictures

(not sure if this was necessary but I chmoded the mount point to 777)

renamed Pictures in home directory

symbolic link:

ln -s /mnt/Pictures

mount -a

I was then able to: ls -al Pictures

and saw all the directories we have setup that we have saved pictures on the NAS.

Any constructive feedback as to how I could have done this better is welcome!

*edit for formatting


I have ATI Radeon 9600m and works very well with "r300g" driver. To install you only need to add xorg-edger PPA.

Open terminal and copy&past sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa and press enter. After copy&paste sudo apt-get update & sudo apt-get upgrade and press enter.

You can check which driver do you use by command glxinfo (Install: sudo apt-get install mesa-utils). Check line OpenGL renderer string. It should contain r300g. If you have software rasterizer its not OK.


Can't reach my server from another network

First make sure you have installed the SSH server if you want to connect then if you want to connect from another router you need to make sure you've opened port 22.

BTW: I got a similar problem but in my case it won't accept my login credentials when I login from another IP.
Link: https://askubuntu.com/questions/645881/i-cant-login-from-another-location-on-my-lubuntu-ubuntu-server


It's a better idea to use "unattended-upgrades" instead.

  Its purpose is to keep the computer current with the latest security (and other) updates automatically. [1]

To install:

sudo apt install unattended-upgrades

Read more about how to get it work: here.

To address your question, you can edit /etc/crontab file and run your commands using root user without the need of using sudo in your own "crontab" file.

nano /etc/crontab

and add a line like:

45 21 * * * root apt-get update > /home/ravexina/out.log

which runs apt-get update using root user at "21:45" every night and logs the output to /home/ravexina/out.log.


Could anyone recommend an Ubuntu mirror that does not do mirroring?

@dobey recommended me to have a look at the default official server, archive.ubuntu.com. There's probably no official promise that it won't redirect, but I wrote a test script that downloaded ~600 MB of sampled Debian packages from the repository and made sure that not a single of those requests were redirected. The same test for my previous two mirrors failed the test.

I'll use archive.ubuntu.com. Thanks @dobey!


Icons in the top right menu - what's the meaning?

The Rotation Lock (2nd icon from the left in the screenshot from GNOME desktop environment) toggles the screen to/from portrait mode ⟷ landscape mode.

The four icons from left to right are as follows:

Settings
Rotation Lock
Lock Screen
Power Off


With regard to the "Failed to fetch" warnings, this is related to the 18-month EOL of Jaunty. The package repositories have moved to another server - from archive.ubuntu.com to old-releases.ubuntu.com. Try changing the your /etc/apt/sources.list accordingly, as shown in the sources.list in this page:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EOLUpgrades/Jaunty

You don't need to actually upgrade your release, just change the APT sources.


Use the following command instead:

sudo apt-get install python-minimal

This will give you the most recommended python version 2.7.12. But if you must install 2.7.6 then do the following:

wget  https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.6/Python-2.7.6.tgz
tar xf Python-2.7.6.tgz
cd Python-2.7.6
./configure
make
sudo make install

You can switch between different versions using:

sudo update-alternatives --config python


How can I have multiple terminal sessions through one single SSH connection?

What you want to use is screen or even better a user-friendly wrapper around screen called byobu.

Screen allows you to run multiple virtual terminal sessions in the same ssh session. A tutorial and help pages are available.

byobu is a wrapper that allows to easily open new screens with a simple function key instead of key combination from ctrl-a. It also shows a status line with all the open virtual terminals which can be named.

Another nice feature is the fact that all your screen can stay up while your ssh connection is disconnected. You just connect again via ssh and call byobu and everything is like before.

At last some screenshots of byobu.


It's a known bug, since 2009, and there's no consistent way of fixing it.
Some people reduce its impact by, on preferences, deactivating the trash quotas. Or by deleting "~/.config".
What I do is using another file manager: pcmanfm-qt. It works substantially better.


How do I exit the systemctl status command's output?

If you mean

systemctl status

at the end it shows this:

      ├─systemd-journald.service
         │ └─318 /lib/systemd/systemd-journald
         ├─fwupd.service
         │ └─1703 /usr/lib/fwupd/fwupd
         ├─systemd-networkd.service
         │ └─395 /lib/systemd/systemd-networkd
         └─cups-browsed.service
           └─2918 /usr/sbin/cups-browsed
lines 172-194/194 (END)

... then press a q for quit.

As steeldriver noted in comments: use --no-pager if you do not want this behaviour see details.

systemctl status --no-pager


Desktop Icon Problems with Rotated Unity

The launcher still moves to become visible when set to auto-hide, and you are supposed to be able to drop things onto it. At the very least, you should be able to drop things from your desktop and into the waste bucket, which would be impossible if the launcher weren't displayed when you drag something to it.

However, when you move the launcher, the area used to reveal the launcher must also be changed. This appears not to be the case in the software you're using. So this is a bug in the «Rotated Unity Plugin» and you must file a bug against their bug tracker.


Add b43 to /etc/modules file. It should work (You can add it by running the following command)

echo b43 | sudo tee -a /etc/modules


You need to remove the folder ~/.gconf/apps/gnome-terminal (where the profiles are stored), and log out and back in before opening the terminal again(!!).
If you open gnome-terminal before logging out/in, the existing profile settings will simply be recreated (including the error).
So:

remove the folder ~/.gconf/apps/gnome-terminal
log out and back in. You will lose the possible settings changes you made, but you will have your gnome-terminal back.

Note
from the GUI (nautilus) (since the terminal is not available :) )
~ stands for your home directory. If you browse (in nautilus) into your home directory and press Ctrl+H the folder .gconf becomes visible.

NB
This answer was written for 15.xx, no longer applicable from 16.04 and later.


Ubi-partman failed with exit code 141 from usb install

Allocate an ext4 partition using your free space in your live session gParted before starting the installation process. This solved the same issue for me.


MiniDLNA doesn't see anything on external USB HDD

I figured it out. I had to sudo nano /etc/default/minidlna and add the USER="root" and the GROUP="root" to that file. I win the day :)


You could let your guests use a different user and properly set permissions for you files/folders to prevent access from the other user account.

Another way to go would be to encrypt the files/folder that you don't want other people to access and then require a password to decrypt those files.


Ubuntu 14.04 installation issue - Keyboard and mouse not working

I had this problem after updating. I can't use my keyboard/mouse if I  load the latest Linux kernel, (Linux 3.13.0-24-generic) but if I choose an older one (Linux 3.11.0-19) under Advanced options for Ubuntu in GRUB it works for me.

I have a PS/2 keyboard and USB mouse.

Not sure if that helps on your new install though, it might not have shipped with other kernel versions


Is there any command-line RSS feed file grabber?

You may want to try PodGrab – A Command Line RSS Podcast Downloader Written In Python. The script can be found here.

  [...] you can add a new feed URL with: -

PodGrab.py -s http://some.feed.url.xml

  This will store the feed as a subscription and download the latest
  episode.


It looks like the guest OS is crashing. Try to create the VM from scratch using the default settings that appear after you select version of operating system. Also make sure that 3D Acceleration is turned off in the VM before installing (you can re-enable it after you install the guest additions).


unity not working with main user (created under previous ubuntu version), working with a new user

Run unity --reset on the main account (from a terminal). You just need to log in to the recovery console to do it.


Couldn't find hvm kernel for Ubuntu tree

Instead of using

 --location /home/me/Downloads/ubuntu-18.10-desktop-amd64.iso

use

 --cdrom /home/me/Downloads/ubuntu-18.10-desktop-amd64.iso

The difference is (from the man page):

-c CDROM , --cdrom=CDROM
File or device use as a virtual CD-ROM device for fully virtualized guests. It can
be path to an ISO image, or to a CDROM device. It can also be a URL from which to
fetch/access a minimal boot ISO image. The URLs take the same format as described
for the "--location" argument. If a cdrom has been specified via the "--disk"
option, and neither "--cdrom" nor any other install option is specified, the
"--disk" cdrom is used as the install media.

-l LOCATION , --location=LOCATION
Distribution tree installation source. virt-install can recognize certain
distribution trees and fetches a bootable kernel/initrd pair to launch the
install.

So the correct command in this case is:

virt-install   \
   --name bla  \
   --ram=1024  \
   --disk path=/home/me/libvirt/images/bla.qcow2,bus=virtio,size=10  \
   --cdrom /home/me/Downloads/ubuntu-18.10-desktop-amd64.iso


Ubuntu 16.04 creates indefinite no of text files automatily on home directory

Can you use a command terminal and do

ls -la ~/index*

That will show the owner of the file and might give a clue. Files are written by a process, to show all processes use

sudo ps auxwww

then the content of the files may provide a clue.

more ~/index

and instead of more you can use for example less,cat,head,tail,grep,edit,nano,vi depending on your preference and linux proficiency


Can't connect to server using samba. Error: Failed to mount windows share: No route to host

I found out that docker.service was causing this issue. I guess it is because the server ip that I was trying to access is in the range used by docker.

I disabled docker.service, rebooted and everything worked out. I will try to change the docker ip range and enable the service again, to make it possible to use both.


Start the computer and hold down the

Left shift key

while booting, which should give you the option to choose between Windows and Ubuntu. Choose Ubuntu.

According to your output grub is installed on /dev/sda.
In a terminal type

sudo grub-install /dev/sda

this will reinstall grub and should recreate the grub config correctly.
Reboot and test.


Start wousb from command line:

sudo woeusb --partition Win10_1803_EnglishInternational_x64.iso /dev/sdc1


You have to delete the GMail app's .desktop file from your home folder in

~/.local/share/applications

I had a lot of other garbage there, as well ...


mutt: reading/sending messages via IMAP but saving locally

In the end I returned to Alpine. Switching between configurations in Mutt seems to require the use of macros, while in Alpine it is possible to access multiple accounts, and to direct received and sent messages to a different server than one uses for actual transmission and reception.

For my purposes, doing local archiving of my received and sent email while reading and sending via a remote server, Alpine seems the better choice.

I mean to look into Sup at some point, too.


Installing apache , php and mysql on ubuntu 8

8.04 still has server support until next year (2013-04) so if you're using Ubuntu server, it should be as simple as this:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apache2 mysql-server php5 php-pear php5-suhosin php5-mysql

Hardy (8.04) is just months away from being end-of-life so there are a few implications:

Some package mirrors may have closed down. The desktop support ended in 2011 so mirrors may have started cleaning things up too eagerly. If you're having problems (packages or lists not available), you may need to switch to another.

Things are pretty old. "Support" for an application is essentially a promise that security updates will be backported but it's not a guarantee for anything else. You may be missing out on newer features in the software stack.

This will be dead in under six months. Consider the effort you're putting in here and wonder if that would not be better spent just installing 12.04. That will give you until 2017 before you need to consider upgrading.

The most important thing is you don't leave it rotting.
Outdated, unupdated software is the main reason why the internet has as many problems as it does. If all the XP users in the world applied their security updates when they were released, there wouldn't be anywhere near as much spam or as many viruses circulating around the web.
Linux servers are no different. If you leave an ancient, insecure version of PHP croaking around on the internet, somebody will find it and will exploit it. Before you know it, it'll be serving up phishing websites and hosting malware. Don't let it go this far.


You can go to Software and update.
Select tab "Other Software"
There you can add or remove repositories.
Or from the terminal -
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:<ppa to remove>
Or, edit the /etc/apt/sources.list to find your ppa there, and remove from there manually
And last option and then update.

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock
sudo apt-get update


"package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should reinstall it before attempting configuration."

package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should reinstall it before attempting configuration.

The issue is easy to fix. Just reinstall the package:

sudo apt-get --reinstall install unity-lens-photos


how do I enable AMD Turbo Core the cpu on my acer aspire 7560?

[Update 2015]

Starting with Linux 3.16:

The value for bapm can be provided as a module parameter (see here).
The value of bapm is set to 1 by default for Kaveri, Kabini and desktop Trinity, Richland systems (see here), resulting in Turbo Core being enabled.

Which means that with Kernel 3.16 or later, Turbo Core should work right out of the box with radeon in many cases.

If you run Debian, or if you run Ubuntu and the above is not true for you, please refer to How to set up a Debian system (focus on 2D or console/server) with an AMD Turbo Core APU for maximum energy and computing efficiency?

[Update 2014-Aug-07]

I published a detailed analysis over at unix-stackexchange.com which contains (at least for me) a few surprises. Such as the ondemand governor potentially being worse than performance (at least with the Richland A10-6700) and fglrx apparently using some questionable tricks to improve short-term boosts, abruptly having to compensate for that in the long run. I'm glad I had a closer look at this.

[Original Answer]

AMD Turbo Core is supposed to be enabled by default in all current Linux versions.

Turbo Core, however, is a feature available on AMD CPUs with and without integrated GPU. And there seem to be two issues regarding those with an integrated GPU. Your A8 falls into this category.

If the kernel does not have the ATI/AMD 'fglrx' module loaded, the APUs appear to stick to the non-boost/regular frequencies. I presume that the reason is that Turbo Core is a decision made by the APU itself, based on several criteria such as power dissipation/TDP. It seems that the GPU on the chip will not contribute to the decision unless it gets initialised properly. And properly here means that you must use the official dirver; not even the free radeonwill do the trick. I have filed a bug report over at kernel.org but the question remains whether it will be easy to have the kernel initialise the GPU just for the sake of the boost (if my assumption about the root cause is correct).
However, even with fglrx, there appears to be a bug if you intend to use Dynamic Power Management.

For a bit more of explanation e.g. about which tools correctly identify boosts, see here.


dpkg -i error: unable to open ... no such file or directory

I had a similar issue on a different package that I managed to solve using the following sequence.
First, the error:
(Reading database ... 66160 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot (11.0.6+10-2) over (11.0.9+11.1-3) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot_11.0.6+10-2_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 unable to open '/usr/lib/jvm/adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot-amd64/man/ja/man1/jcmd.1.dpkg-new': No such file or directory
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot_11.0.6+10-2_amd64.deb

While investigating, I noticed something weird in the folder /usr/lib/jvm/adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot-amd64/man:
$ ls -la /usr/lib/jvm/adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot-amd64/man
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Oct  1 06:36 .
drwxrwxr-x 9 root root 4096 Nov  4 08:42 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   11 Aug 30 11:33 ja -> ja_JP.UTF-8
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct  1 06:36 ja_JP.UTF-8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov  4 08:42 man1
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov  4 08:42 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct  1 06:36 ..

The folder ja (which seemed to be the origin of dpkg error) was in fact a symlink pointing to the folder ja_JP.UTF-8.
I solved my issue by removing the symlink and recreating it as a real folder (also recreating its child folder man1):
/usr/lib/jvm/adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot-amd64/man$ sudo rm ja
/usr/lib/jvm/adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot-amd64/man$ sudo mkdir ja
/usr/lib/jvm/adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot-amd64/man$ sudo mkdir ja/man1

I then reinstalled the adoptopenjdk-11-hotspot_11.0.6+10-2 package and it went smoothly.


install drivers for wifi card AX200 WIE7265

We see in your readings that the driver loads verson 48 of the firmware:

loaded firmware version 48.4fa0041f.0 op_mode iwlmvm

There are several newer firmware versions available. Let's install them and see if speed improves. From the terminal:
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.190_all.deb
ar -x linux*
tar -xf data*
cd lib/firmware
sudo cp iwlwifi-cc-a0*  /usr/lib/firmware

Next, check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I recommend a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.
Your wireless may be struggling because there are two wireless access points with the same name and password. This is typical when you have a 2.4 gHz segment and a 5 gHz segment of the same router. Your wireless may be roaming, looking for a better connection. If this is the case, I suggest that you rename the access points; something like myrouter2.4 and myrouter5.
Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:
sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:
sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:
sudo nano /etc/default/crda

Change the last line to read:
REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.
Finally, be certain that DNS resolution is working correctly. Check:
ls -al /etc/resolv.conf

resolv.conf should be a symbolic link pointing to systemd. If not, please do:
sudo rm /etc/resolv.conf
sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf  /etc/resolv.conf

After a reboot, is there any improvement?


In order for you to be able to synchronise the directory with Ubuntu One, you need to a) own the directory, and b) have it inside your home directory (or a sub-directory of your home directory):

Just create a directory inside of your home directory, and name it, for example, public_http. Then change xampps default directory inside it's httpd.conf file.
or

You can also remove the htdocs directory, create one named public_html in your home directory and use
sudo ln -s ~/public_html /opt/lampp/htdocs

To create a Symbolic Link named /opt/lampp/htdocs, that points to ~/public_html (note: it doesn't work the other way 'round, ubuntu one will not let you synchronise a directory if it is a symlink that points to a real directory).
This means that whenever the system tries to look for a file inside the /opt/lampp/htdocs directory, it is secretly and silenty 'redirected' to your home directory.

Afterwards, you can tell Ubuntu One to synchronise the directory as you normally would:


In OpenVPN 2.4, how do I support multiple ciphers?

I was also looking in to this, apparently if you list ciphers like (config file style):

cipher BF-CBC
cipher AES-256-GCM

Or (command line):

--cipher BF-CBC --cipher AES-256-GCM

Only the last one will be used.

You can only allow a list of ciphers in the NCP settings, like (config file):

ncp-ciphers AES-256-GCM:BF-CBC

Or (command line):

--ncp-ciphers AES-256-GCM:BF-CBC

According to the docs you can't have multiple ciphers and have NCP disabled


MPD deletes previous played song from playlist

After reviewing yet another time my settings, I discovered ncmpcpp was in consume mode (it's toggle by pressing R). I hope this answer helps someone else.


To modify the Exif, Exchangeable image file format, of an image file, you can use jhead.
From a terminal, install it by running the command:
 sudo apt-get install jhead

jhead is used to display and manipulate data contained in the Exif header of JPEG images from digital cameras.
Synopsis
 jhead [ options ] [ file... ]

General Metadata Options
-te file --- Transplant Exif header from a JPEG (with Exif header) in file into the image that is manipulated.
-dc --- Delete comment field from the JPEG header.
-de --- Delete the Exif header entirely.
-di --- Delete the IPTC section, if present.
-dx --- Delete the XMP section, if present.
-du --- Delete sections of jpeg that are not Exif, not comment, and otherwise not contributing to the image either.
-purejpg --- Delete all JPEG sections that aren't necessary for rendering the image.
-mkexif ---  Creates minimal exif header. Exif header contains date/time, and empty thumbnail fields only. Date/time set to file time by default. the exif header this way.
-ce --- Edit the JPEG header comment field.
-cs file --- Save comment section to a file
-ci file ---  Replace comment with text from file
-cl string ---  Replace comment with specified string from command line file

Date / Time
 -ft --- Sets the file's system time stamp to what is stored in the Exif header.
 -dsft --- Sets the Exif timestamp to the file's timestamp. Requires an Exif header to pre-exist. Use -mkexif option to create one if needed.
 -n[format_string] ---  This option causes files to be renamed and/ or mmoved using the date information from the Exif header "DateTimeOriginal" field.
If the format_string is omitted, the file will be renamed to MMDD-HHMMSS.
If a format_string is provided, it will be passed to the strftime function as the format string. In addition, if the format string contains '%f', this will substitute the original name of the file (minus extension). '%i' will substitute a sequence number. Leading zeros can be specified like with printf - i.e. '%04i' pads the number to 4 digits using leading zeros.
If the name includes '/', this is interpreted as a new path for the file. If the new path does not exist, the path will be created.
If the target name already exists, the name will be appended with "a", "b", "c", etc, unless the name ends with a letter, in which case it will be appended with "0", "1", "2", etc.
This feature is especially useful if more than one digital camera was used to take pictures of an event. By renaming them to a scheme according to date, they will automatically appear in order of taking in most directory listings and image browsers. Alternatively, if your image browser supports listing by file time, you can use the -ft option to set the file time to the time the photo was taken.

Some of the more useful arguments for strftime are:

%H Hour in 24-hour format (00 - 23)
%j Day of year as decimal number (001 - 366)
%m Month as decimal number (01 - 12)
%M Minute as decimal number (00 - 59)
%S Second as decimal number (00 - 59)
%w Weekday as decimal number (0 - 6; Sunday is 0)
%y Year without century, as decimal number (00 - 99)
%Y Year with century, as decimal number

More info: https://linux.die.net/man/1/jhead


How do I get Ubuntu Update Manager to nag me only about my current version?

In order to have the updates for your current release and prevent notifications for future Ubuntu version you should set the Notify me of a new Ubuntu version to Never as shown below.


finding some files and sorting the result by size and copy it to folder

du -h reports human readable size suffixes (K,M,G), but to sort you need all fixes to be reported using a common size suffix:

find ~ -name "$i" -exec du -sk {} \;|sort -rn

To extract the largest:

x=$(find . -name "$i" -exec du -sk {} \;|sort -rn|head -1|sed -e's:[0-9]*::')
cp "$x" ...


SQL Server 2016 will eventually be released for Linux. There'll be a preview at some point and then they'll roll it into the main version. This was only just announced a few days ago. Even once this is out, it will rely on you having a license for the 2016+, and your code being compatible with SQL Server 2016.

I've no idea when that'll release either. Until that's a real thing, your only real options are:

Pick another database tech (MySQL, Postgres, etc). If you have a tightly coupled system running raw SQL commands, chances are this will require some additional development time.
Virtualise a copy of Windows within Ubuntu and install SQL Server on that. Of course this comes with all the negatives of running Windows in the first place.

Other Windows applications can sometimes be run through intermediate libraries like Wine but that likely won't be an option for SQL Server because it has too many server dependencies that just aren't implemented in Wine. You'll need a real copy of Windows to run a real copy of SQL Server.


Your configuration tries to treat your two modems as completely equivalent to one another for sending traffic.  But this is not the case: the public IP addresses of each modem are specific to each ISP, and when your bond causes packets associated with a connection on one modem to be sent through the other modem, they will not reach their destination.

In fact, balance-rr is the worst possible bonding mode for this, since it deliberately splits the packets associated with a single TCP connection across the bond members.

Configuring two source IP addresses on the bridge with two different gateway addresses, one for each modem, also doesn't work as you intend, because there's nothing in your config that says which address is for which modem.

One option is to configure both of your modems so that they have the same internal IP address, and set up your bond interface to use balance-tlb as the mode, but this is still not guaranteed to work well for udp traffic.

Another option is to set up a server on the Internet with enough bandwidth to terminate all of your traffic, and configure two tunnels - one over each ISP connection - to terminate on this server; then set up a bond across the two tunnels and route your Internet traffic across the bond.


When I Install Ubuntu, What Will Happen to My Files and Programs?

Dual boot will preserve your files and programs, as you will be installing Ubuntu in parallel with the native OS.  If you want a pure Ubuntu solution and still keep your personal files, copy them to an external hard drive first...or you will lose them.  As for the programs, reinstalling them (or stuff that does the same tasks) after you install Ubuntu.  Some may work via Wine, some may be unusable on a Linux-based machine.


When you set up your Ubuntu installation, you mentioned that you placed the root directory (/) on the SSD, and the home directory (/home) on the HDD.  This is a good start.  I actually recommend placing root on your SSD, as well as home, and then create a directory such as /mnt/data which is where you would put all of the data you wanted on your HDD.  With this setup, I can easily symlink stuff on the HDD to my SSD, such as video games and movies, while keeping my system as fast as possible.

I'm not quite sure why you want what you're asking for, as I'd personally want system stuff to be on the SSD to increase speed, while putting my less-important stuff on the HDD, however you can accomplish this much like how you set up your installation in the first place.

Instead of placing the home directory on the HDD, you could mount /usr/bin or even /usr.  This is the typical place you'd find apt installing binaries.

Before you take the time to do this, I'd highly recommend using baobab or something like it to figure out 100% where you're losing space.

If you'd like to separate both /home and /usr, you'd just have to split the HDD into two separate partitions.

Other Ideas

As Barafu Albino added:

Use apt-get clean regularly to remove unneeded packages and apt downloads
Think about using BTRFS with high compression as your filesystem
Refrain from multilib and debug (dbg) packages

Edit

10GB is probably very small for a desktop computer.  The only time I've seen something that small is when someone really breaks out all of the other mount points onto HDDs and stuff (maybe 20 ys ago) or on an embeded machine or something like a raspberry pi.


Unable to copy files from Windows partition into Lubuntu

You do not have permission to add or change files in /usr/share/ - it is owned by root.

To change this, you can either run your file manager as root which will give you full permissions on any folder you want (not ideal, can be dangerous), or alternatively you can use the command

sudo cp /change/this/path/to/windows/wallpapers/* /usr/share/lubuntu/wallpapers/*

If you really need to do this with your file manager, use the command

sudo pcmanfm

and your file manager will gain root access. Please, watch what you're doing. You will have the ability to remove or alter core system files if you're not careful.


install ubuntu in a virtualbox vm on ubuntu host through cli (ssh) only?

The hard way - Install on a headless Virtual Box
It is possible to install Ubuntu in Virtual Box running on a headless server.
The following guide helps a lot in setting up a virtual machine from the command line (and through SSH):

Virtual Box Manual: Remote Virtual Machines

This involves viewing the virtual machine's output with VRDP.
In case we can not do this we will need an unattended installation of Ubuntu:

How can I install Ubuntu on a device without a screen nor a keyboard?
How do I create a completely unattended install of Ubuntu?
How can I install Ubuntu on a headless machine?

By this we will install Ubuntu without user input on booting the remotely created VM from an installation ISO file.
The easy way - Import an existing VM to the remote Virtual Box
From above we can see that it may be much easier to set up our virtual machine on a local box to then just export the appliance. After uploading the OVF appliance to our server we can then import it to virtual box running there simply with:
VBoxManage import <name>.ovf [--dry-run] [<options>]

The option --dry-run will give you information on how the appliance will be imported, and you will also see further options on how to influence this.


Contrary to Zach's experience, Linux works flawlessly on my MBA 5,2. The only gripes I have are reduced battery life (which is systemic to all of Linux at this point), and comparatively lame touchpad drivers (which is due to the lack of documentation about the protocol).

There are two major pain points with this setup, however.

You will definitely need to be an experienced Linux user to set it up, or have someone who is hold your hand. It was definitely a more complicated install, but nothing someone with mild experience using Linux can't handle with the help of online documentation.
Use the 3.4/5 kernel. Zach's issues have should have all been resolved in later kernels.(I can confirm all but the multi-monitor thing, which, despite my being a developer, I do not do...)

You'll need to post more information about the "Kernel panic" you're getting. I would also NOT reccomend following that guide, but rather resources such as:

MacBookAir4-2 - Basic Installation Instructions
How to install Ubuntu on MacBook using USB Stick

Like I said, it's definitely possible, and it works as well as it can given the current state of Linux. There is absolutely no reason to get a new computer -- just make sure you're actually using a kernel that can handle your machine!


Only one eth adapter is working in Ubuntu under VirtualBox

I found the solution in this answer. The solution is to use

 network 192.168.56.0

Instead of

 gateway 192.168.56.1


How to find reason for slowing down while running Ubuntu?

It can be extremely difficult to understand the cause of things like that. Some bugs only happen in combination with other bugs, on particular hardware, etc. In those cases, you really need other types of data so that you can try to find common denominators. Apport is a bug reporting system that fetches relevant data. The ubuntu-bug command is even simpler. For instance, if you have a bug with Unity, you can press Alt+F2 and enter ubuntu-bug unity.

It is beneficial if you can provide information about what you're doing if you can reliably reproduce it. In your case, I would try to press Alt+F2 and enter unity --replace. If that helps, provide that information.

The unity command provides a few helpful switches as well, such as --log, --advanced-debug and --verbose. Debugging skills are very useful, but you might want to start with something simpler.


Lubuntu won't boot with kernel newer than 4.15.0-55-generic and no logs

I had the same problem on an ASUS R417M, going from kernel 4.15.0-54 to 4.15.0-62 at recent APT update. I believe it’s not related to Ethernet driver as my 4.15.0-54 has the same "Can't disable ASPM" output at boot.

When trying to understand the comments about 18.04.3 and kernel 5 from ajgringo619 and guiverc, I came across this article that explains how can have your 18.04 upgraded to 18.04.3 but without having the 18.04.3 kernel 5.

That same article described how to get the latest 18.04.3 kernel by running this:

sudo apt install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-18.04 xserver-xorg-hwe-18.04

That generates an upgrade to kernel 5 and at least my computer boot with that kernel.


PPA & Packaging: Having versions of packages for multiple distros

Probably the easiest way is to simply copy the binaries on Launchpad:

Go to your PPA and click on 'View package details':

Click on 'Copy packages':

Select the Lucid packages:

Select 'Maverick' for the series, and choose to 'copy existing binaries':

Click 'copy packages' and that's it!


Firefox profile cannot be loaded...profile created but still not able to launch?

Sometimes, there can be configuration errors when starting Firefox up for the first time. I've experienced very similar Mozilla-related difficulties with a few live operating systems in the past.

Check if the file ~/.mozilla/firefox/profiles.ini has its path set to the configuration folder; a folder called something like abcdefgh.default (replacing abcdefgh with the actual directory name).

Oftentimes, the easiest thing to do is simply delete the entire ~/.mozilla/ folder and start fresh.

As for the Terminal-usage problem, simply press Ctrl-Shift-N to open a new window.


Two servers(services) on one machine (IP)

You can have any number or services on one physical server with one IP address.

Different services will use different ports.


Is there a non-recursive '--no-install-recommends' for 'apt-get install'?

First of all, ubuntu-desktop is a dummy package that installs only its dependencies (size of the .deb  file is 3616 bytes). It will not work standalone.

But if you insist, there is a way, installing it through dpkg.

Download a package:

apt-cache show ubuntu-desktop | grep ^Filename
wget http://"your repo server directory"/ubuntu/pool/main/u/ubuntu-meta/ubuntu-desktop_x.xxx_amd64.deb

"repo server directory" can be 'archive.ubuntu.com' for example.
Use dpkg to install:

sudo dpkg -i ubuntu-desktop_x.xxx_amd64.deb

That will install package without configuring.


writing a text file in the terminal with touch

The man page for echo shows the following:

DESCRIPTION
       Echo the STRING(s) to standard output.

       -n     do not output the trailing newline

       -e     enable interpretation of backslash escapes

Which means that if you want multi-line output, you would simply start with echo -e and would add in a \n for new line.

mkdir -p ~/Desktop/new_file && echo -e "hello\nworld" >> ~/Desktop/new_file/new_file.txt

Hope this helps!


Black screen after login on account in Asus-laptop of 16.04

I found out why the screen turns black when I login on my personal account. It appears I have accidentally pushed a button that toggles between monitors/beamers when connected. When nothing is connected to the laptop the build-in screen still turns off. This is done by pressing Fn+F8. This is applicable for the Asus R500V series

My thanks to the people who tried to help me. I'm in the process of learning Ubuntu and your suggestions/answers helped my understanding of the OS.


Installing persistent Ubuntu on USB flash drive alongside internal SSD with Windows 10

Persistent live Ubuntu in the USB flash drive

An easy solution is a persistent live installation on the USB flash drive. You can do that with mkusb. If you boot live (live-only) with the boot option toram, you can install to the same drive as you booted from. See these links,

help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb

help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb/persistent

Installed Ubuntu in the USB flash drive

But if you want an installed system (installed in the same way as installed into an internal drive), and Windows is installed in UEFI mode, you must disconnect the internal drive. Otherwise the Ubuntu installer will install the grub bootloader into the EFI partition in the internal drive.

You find more details at the following link and links from it.

Try Ubuntu (Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, ...) before installing it

Comments

A persistent live system is more portable, but less stable, more sensitive to corrupting the file system. So it is important to backup the content of the casper-rw partition regularly.

It is possible to update & upgrade most program packages, but not the linux kernel and not the kernel drivers. The version from the image of iso file will be used during boot (before the persistent content from the casper-rw partition is overlaid).
It is a bad idea to make a general update & upgrade. It can easily corrupt the file system, and even if it works, the system will be slow if a lot of the programs are running from the overlay.
You should only install the program packages that you want, and when you need a new version of Ubuntu, install it from a new iso file. And of you can tweak the system and save data files.

An installed system is more stable, but less portable, not as portable as a [persistent] live system.

Avoid proprietary drivers unless necessary, because they decrease the portability. (This is typically concerning drivers for the graphics chip or wifi chip).
Also, and this may be important for you, an installed system can be completely updated & upgraded, just like a system in an internal drive.
But all systems in external drives are very sensitive to corrupting the file system, so also installed systems should be backed up regularly.


Why can I not see Java applets in Firefox 8 on Ubuntu 10.04?

Having Java installed on your computer is not quite the same thing as having a Java browser plugin installed. I would suggest taking a look at the Icedtea Java Plugin and see if that fixes the problem; either click the link to install or run sudo apt-get install icedtea6-plugin in a terminal.

.....

Note that you may have to restart Firefox for it to recognize the plugin.


Unable to re-install compizconfig-settings-manager

It seems, an essential package compiz is removed from your system. Unity depends on compiz package. You said that, compizconfig-settings-manager also get removed, it is normal, because "compizconfig-settings-manager" requires compiz, which is removed by the command.

I'd like to suggest to disable all the 3rd party PPAs, and enable all the official Ubuntu repository (including proposed). Then run sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get install compiz commands. Also run sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager to get the useful software. *You should read this first though.

Click this link to get useful questions and answers about enabling various repository.

If your problem does not solved with the above procedure, I assume that, You have installed compiz from a 3rd party PPA, which is not supported officially. If this is indeed the case, then I'd suggest to enable that PPA first, then run sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get install compiz.

Hope this helps!


Upon resuming from suspend gsynaptics-init needs to be run for each open X session, I've written a script to put in /etc/pm/sleep.d/98gsynaptics to do that automatically.

This may also effect the xsession in YOUR /home folder

consult Ubuntu Documention for detailed information as to your settings.

#!/bin/bash

# Only run on resume/thaw
if [[ ${1} =~ (thaw|resume) ]] ; then

  synaptics() {

    # sleep to give time for X
    sleep 4s

    who | while read line ; do
      a=(${line})
      regex="^:[[:digit:]]"
      if [[ ${a[1]} =~ $regex ]] ; then
        init="sudo -H -u ${a[0]} DISPLAY=${a[1]} gsynaptics-init"
        eval "${init}"
      fi
    done
  }

  # run in background so sleep doesn't hold up resume
  synaptics &
  # disown so exiting shell doesn't kill function
  disown %1

fi


OK, the best bet on Ubuntu 13.10 seems to be the system's own custom Keyboard Shortcuts

Those who prefer a GUI can add them as follows:

System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts (Tab) -> Custom Shortcuts (If not visible, click the + button, and you can add a custom command).
After you enter the name and command, click on the text area that says disabled. It will change to "New Accelerator". Then press the keys that you wish to have as an accelerator.
Logout and login for the changes to take effect (only qualm in the process).


Step1:

Make /tmp/shot.sh using this command:

echo 'sleep 20; DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY=/var/run/lightdm/root/$DISPLAY xwd -root' > /tmp/shot.sh

You may change the seconds of sleep suitably.

Step2:

Login to the text mode by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1.

Step3:

Execute this command;

 sudo bash /tmp/shot.sh >/tmp/shot.xwd

Step4:

Return to the GUI mode by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F7.

Step5:

Logout by normal way. While you can see login screen, wait for some seconds.

Step6:

Login by normal way. And execute this command in terminal;

convert /tmp/shot.xwd /tmp/shot.png

(you need to install imagemagick, if you don't have installed it yet)

So, you can check the picture using this command;

eog /tmp/shot.png

Reference: http://ptspts.blogspot.jp/2010/02/how-to-create-screen-shot-of-gdm-login.html

In 12.04, it differs in using lightdm.


Installed Ubuntu 20.4.1 "alongside Windows 10" - reboots to Windows. How do I boot to grub?

Used boot-repair, and it helpfully pointed out that Ubuntu had been installed to a different drive than the Windows boot drive.  The sd* drive notation in the installer makes details like that easy to miss.  I changed the BIOS boot priority to the Ubuntu drive, and now see grub and can boot to Ubuntu. I checked and it still dual boots to Windows, too.


What is the order of execution of the scripts at /etc/rc0...6.d/?

They're run low to high. Here's a good TLDP page on runlevels in general.

You can use whatever number you like. They're sorted  by number to give some systems prioroty over others. These are loaded sequentially. It's not event-driven like Upstart.


What does admin-secret mean in Juju config file for Ec2 environment

the admin-secret is intended to be used to access the underlying Zookeeper service which serves as the point of communication for all of the juju agents and clients.

Due to this bug, however, it actually isn't used:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju/+bug/813773

So, for now you can mostly ignore it, but in the future it will be like the "root" password for your juju environment.


Where has the gnome terminal GTK3 style configuration moved to in Ubuntu 16.04?

This works for me:

/* gnome-terminal */
@define-color terminal_bg #300a24;

TerminalScreen {
    -TerminalScreen-background-darkness: 0.95;
    background-color: @terminal_bg;
    color: #fff;
}

TerminalScreenContainer .scrollbar:hover:not(.slider),
TerminalScreenContainer .scrollbar.dragging:not(.slider) {
    background-color: alpha(@scrollbar_track_color, 0.4);
}

/* Since .hovering class is not working here, we always
 use the same radius */
TerminalScreenContainer .scrollbar.slider.hovering,
TerminalScreenContainer .scrollbar.slider.dragging {
    border-radius: 1px;
}

TerminalScreenContainer .scrollbar {
    background-color: transparent;
}

TerminalWindow .notebook tab:active {
    padding: 0;
    border: none;
    background-color: #222;
}

The code I added is at the bottom. The file I edited is ~/.themes/ORIG-Ambiance/gtk-3.0/apps/gnome-terminal.css.

Notes:

I just copied over the Ambiance folder from /usr/share/themes and renamed it so that I don't need to use elevated privileges while editing the file.
I found that using #555 made it difficult to see the text in the tab.
I also changed the selected_fg_color to be sure of which theme is which and that's why the scrollbar isn't orange ;)


Check out the available options to control history. I think you want

setopt append_history no_inc_append_history no_share_history

This is the default zsh setup, by the way.

You can save the history explicitly at any point with fc -AI and merge it back in with fc -RI.


What commands does the Software Updater run?

Close. It doesn't run these commands, but interfaces with the APT Python library. See UpdateManager/backend/InstallBackendAptdaemon in the source.


Type man -k honeyd and read the resulting man pages. From just the error message, all I can suggest is that, somewhere in your honeyd configuration you have eth0 set to something OTHER than an "ip address", e.g.192.168.100.77 (this could be what it expects, although the Right value for your system will differ).

Read The Fine Manual.


openstack-install stuck after aborted install

I had this same issue... unfortunately it was quicker for me to rebuild than to troubleshoot, so no help there. I did find though that if you press "q" to exit this issue does not occur. If you hit "cancel" though this problem pops up again.


How to gain a permission for copy/pasting for system folders?

If you press Alt + F2 to get to the Run Application screen, and then type gksudo nautilus it will ask for your password and drop you into a nautilus session where you can drag drop into system folders, however, be very careful since you can destroy your system if you're not careful.


Can I set different background images for different monitors?

It is not currently possible to do this with the default GNOME setup (ie. Nautilus, the file manager, manages the desktop wallpaper). There is an idea in development to provide this functionality. It is possible to use other software, such as compiz, to manage the wallpaper but I think this removes other desktop functionality (eg. files/folders/shortcuts on the desktop).


User has full access with FTP, limited access with SFTP

I received an answer at the Ubuntu Forums, so I'll post a summary here as well.

Since I have SFTP configured properly, I was advised to remove FTP entirely and only connect via SFTP (this means uninstalling vsftpd entirely, as OpenSSH handles SFTP, not vsftpd). Doing that solved the problem of the whole filesystem being viewable via FTP.

As to the problem of the web server not being accessible, I needed to use mount to mount the directory, rather than using a symlink. mount doesn't survive a server reboot, however, so I edited /etc/fstab to contain /var/www/subdomain    /home/user/index    none  0 0, and the problem was resolved after a server reboot.


As your current monitors.xml contains an a bunch of monitors you tried in the past or that got created by the system during updates, please save the following file to monitors.new.

The second file just contains your original configuration when installing the system and all other configurations have just been deleted.

Now reboot, Log into the console by pressing [Ctrl][Alt][F1], and type the following commands:

mv /home/YourUser/.config/monitors.xml /home/YourUser/.config/monitors.old
mv /home/YourUser/.config/monitors.new /home/YourUser/.config/monitors.xml

The first command saves your existing monitors.xml to monitors.old and the second renames monitors.new to monitors.xml

Then just reboot and log on.

Everything should then be in a working condition again!  ;-)


I had a similar problem and the following procedures worked for me.

Open Apache configuration file using a text editor of your choice, mine is gedit:

sudo -H gedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

Add the following line anywhere:

Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf

Restart Apache:

sudo service apache2 restart


Intermittent ethernet connection--me or internet company?

Possibly Ubuntu related, but unlikely.

I suspect hardware failure. I just had this problem and router caused it. You could test. First bypass the router, plug pc direct to ethernet on cable modem. That will rule out router.

Possible your cable modem drops if signal is week. They cannot diagnose that easily. 4 years ago we had that and I had to call technician 3 times before he got there in time to see what was wrong. There was water into the junction box.


Apt-get is used to install packages located on internet or local network servers.

If you have a local .deb package (which is what Debian and Ubuntu use) you should install it with

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/the/package/package_name.deb

Otherwise you should read the instructions that come with your software because there are way too many possibilities that can't be covered here without more information.

According to the package name you've listed it seems you're trying to install something called NX Nastran by Siemens and if that is the case you should check their documentation located here - https://support.industrysoftware.automation.siemens.com/docs/nastran/v9/en_US/tdoc/pdf/cog.pdf - there is a section with install instructions specifically for Linux.


Forgot password and can't access GRUB menu

If you simply want to wipe the disk clean an install Ubuntu again, simply boot from a liveDVD or liveUSB and install Ubuntu afresh using the "Use entire disk" option.

It will repartition the disk and remove the existing installation of Ubuntu.


It seems you have not downloaded the correct package. What you have is a folder called crouton and what you need is a script-file named crouton.

You should change the name of the existing crouton folder or move it to a diferent directory before going further as you won't be able to have two items named crouton in the same ~/Downloads folder.

After you have renamed the crouton folder, download the crouton script file from here (make sure to download it to your ~/Downloads folder): https://goo.gl/fd3zc

source: https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton#usage

Then, run those commands:

sudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -t xfce

and be patient and "answer the prompts like a good person" . . .

Now, you can go straight into xfce by using the following command:

sudo enter-chroot startxfce4

or, you can run it as a "special shortcut" with this instead:

sudo startxfce4

click here for more info


how to solve this scala installation problem

From your error message, I can guess that you wanted to install oracle-java-8 and for any reason that installation wasn't successful or half-broken now. So, I suggest installing these to run scala-2.11.6 on Ubuntu 16.04.

First install java

sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk

Then install scala

sudo apt install scala

The repository for Ubuntu 16.04 has scala verson 2.11.6 and I've installed it and tested without any problem.

If you face further problem, edit your question describing how the answer didn't help.


How do I use the IDE to make and install a snap package?

In order to build a snap package you need to know how to solve problems on your own, and Ubuntu Tutorials can teach you some of the skills required to do this. Ubuntu Tutorials has five tutorials about how to use and build snap packages and how to use some of the snap development tools packages in the Ubuntu Snap Store. The two beginner tutorials are easy for a new recruit to understand, but you may find the three intermediate level tutorials challenging.

If you can't finish all the tutorials, then you shouldn't expect to be able to successfully build a Twinkle snap. If you run into problems following the tutorials, make sure that your installed snap packages are up-to-date. After you have finished the tutorials is when the hard part of building your own snap package starts, so be prepared for it.

Regarding the IDE, you can use the terminal and if you need to use a GUI IDE use whatever IDE you're comfortable with.


SOCKS proxy to SSH server behind HTTP proxy

You would do a lot better to "forward" the remote network's proxy server over SSH rather than using the built-in SOCKS server (which just expects a bare gateway-addressable network at the other end).

ssh -L 8080:internal_ip_of_proxy:8080 user@ssh_server

This exposes the proxy server locally, allowing you to set your browser's proxy settings to localhost:8080 and that will tunnel over SSH to the remote proxy.

And you can apply this to any remote service. You could, for example, tunnel Imgur from your server (in effect a single-host proxy):

ssh -L 8080:imgur.com:80 user@ssh_host

And on a local terminal:

curl --header 'Host: imgur.com' localhost:8080

The Host header is required otherwise curl will request a non-existent localhost site. You could also work around that by adding a line in /etc/hosts, resolving imgur.com to 127.0.0.1... But I'm getting off-topic, you don't need any of this for your purposes.


Ubuntu dictation / transcription software

VLC seems to work well. After installing VLC go to "Tools", then select "Preferences", then "Hotkeys" and from there you can change/edit the "Global" commands. So after you configured it you can type from Libreoffice Writer (or any word processor) while listening (play, pause, short step backwards) to your audio file without clicking on the VLC Window.

Hope this helps :-)


Here is the fix of the same issue I was facing a few months back on a Toshiba Satellite L510 laptop with Ubuntu 11.04. I hope this helps.

You can try to do so by following below mentioned steps:
(1) Please try to install 'ndisgtk' (to use windows driver on ubuntu)

  sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper-common
  sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper-utils-1.9

(2) Download relevant Realtek wireless driver
(http://www.realtek.com.tw/products/p...Level=4&Conn=3)

(3) Install/Browse Realtek Drivers by opening ndiswrapper/windows wireless driver app & confirm it shows 'Hardware Present=Yes"

(4) Run following commands in terminal:

  ndiswrapper -l
  ndiswrapper -m
  ifconfig wlan0 up
  ifconfig

Now try to connect with wireless from network manager/wicd UI.


Running Chrome with Windows Java 8 Plugin

Install JRE 8

If you want to install the proprietary Oracle JRE 8 (and not openjdk), you can go on the download page and download the jre-8u121-linux-x64.tar.gz file, and then install it using the instruction here, or, simpler, just add the ppa and install oracle-java8-installer :

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:webupd8team/java && sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y oracle-java8-installer

DocuSign Plugin

I suspect that the .exe contains some .jar files. Could you try to extract them with something like this :

sudo apt-get install p7zip*
p7zip e <your file>.exe

and see if it contains some .jar files ? Since I don't know how you get your file it's pretty hard to test, so put in comments what you get.


Right Alt selects text on the right instead of entering an alternative character

Go to System Settings.
Select Keyboard.
On the Keyboard window select the Shortcuts tab.
In the left panel select Typing (pol. Pisanie) and set a Key for typing alternative characters (pol. Klawisz wprowadzania alternatywnych znaków).


Postfix / Dovecot / MySQL / Ubuntu 16.04 - Receiving via IMAP, but not sending

This looks like outgoing connections on port 25 are blocked by a firewall. Run telnet gmail-
smtp-in.l.google.com 25 to manually establish a connection to some SMTP server (and also try other destination hosts, in case only google would be targeted).

If the connection works, you should receive some output similar to this:

Trying 2a00:1450:400c:c06::1b...
Connected to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 mx.google.com ESMTP q18si2099858wre.148 - gsmtp

If you also receive connection timeouts with telnet, check your system for local firewalls and contact your network administrator/operator to open outgoing connections on port 25 in his firewall. If you're operating the server behind some commodity router: some also block connection attempts on port 25, consult the router configuration or manual in this case (but be aware most recipient sites will block mails from non-static IP addresses to fight spam, use a smarthost in this case to send mail).


Ubuntu 16.04 freezes after 15 to 20 seconds of use

I have found some evidence that your processor is affected by the c-state bug which causes total freezes when the CPU tries to enter an unsupported sleep state. It's a problem for many Bay Trail devices especially with newer kernels.

There is a simple workaround for this until it gets properly fixed upstream. You just need to pass a kernel boot parameter and the random freezing stops completely (so if you still get freezes after doing this, you will know your problem is something else)

You do this by editing the configuration file for GRUB:

Boot Ubuntu and open a terminal by pressing ctrl+alt+t then type

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Find the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

This needs to be changed to include intel_idle.max_cstate=1

So after your edit it reads

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_idle.max_cstate=1"

If you have other boot parameters already besides quiet and splash, just leave them alone.

Now save the file by pressing ctrl+o then enter and exit by pressing ctrl+x

Now type

sudo update-grub

Then reboot

What to do if you don't have enough time to do this before the system hangs

No problem. As explained on the help page I linked to earlier, you can add the parameter to GRUB before booting. Note that this only passes the parameter for this boot, so you still have to edit /etc/default/grub once you have booted to make the change permanent.

You need to get to the GRUB menu. If you are dual booting this will appear anyway, if not you have to press and hold (or tap) shift after pressing the power button to turn on.

When you get to this screen press e and you will go into edit mode, looking vaguely like this

Move the cursor down to where it says quiet splash, put a space after splash and carefully type intel_idle.max_cstate=1 making sure there is a space after it as well. Now press F10 or ctrl+x to boot.


Lubuntu 18.04 / lxpanel 0.9.3 accidental removal of 2nd toolbar

Looking in /home/username/.config/lxpanel/Lubuntu/panels there are two files, left and panel. panel contains the expected settings for the bottom bar including Plugin{} sections for the various controls. However left contains just a header:

# lxpanel <profile> config file. Manually editing is not recommended.
# Use preference dialog in lxpanel to adjust config when you can.

Global {
    edge=left
    monitor=0
    height=32
    align=center
    width=50
    transparent=1
    background=0
    tintcolor=#ffffff
    alpha=80
    iconsize=21
    widthtype=request
    autohide=1
    heightwhenhidden=1
    setpartialstrut=0
}

So the panel is still there - it just has no functions assigned to it, so is a size of 0, and nothing is displayed to right-click on. To remedy this, the left file could be deleted. This should allow a new one to be fully rebuilt on the left side.

A slightly easier solution is to add a Plugin{} section to the left file like so:

# lxpanel <profile> config file. Manually editing is not recommended.
# Use preference dialog in lxpanel to adjust config when you can.

Global {
    edge=left
    monitor=0
    height=32
    align=center
    width=50
    transparent=1
    background=0
    tintcolor=#ffffff
    alpha=80
    iconsize=21
    widthtype=request
    autohide=1
    heightwhenhidden=1
    setpartialstrut=0
}
Plugin {
    type=launchbar
    Config {
        Button {
            id=menu://applications/Accessories/pcmanfm.desktop
        }
    }
}

Logoff and log back on, and the panel should once again be visible, albeit with only one icon on it. But it can now be right-clicked to get to the preferences. All of the desired applications will need re-added.

To prevent having to rebuild in the future, copy or backup the /home/username/.config/lxpanel/Lubuntu/panels/left file.


Ubuntu 14.04.02 LTS Workstation Installer Doesn't Recognize Windows 7

I will try to answer your question.
Go to www.ubuntu.com and download the distribution of your choice. Save it to your computer.
Now, Burn this download to a DVD.
Put the DVD in to cd/dvd slot and restart your computer.

You have just created a live dvd. I think what is happening is you cannot partition when you are using the operating system. A live dvd will allow you to modify the partition straight from the dvd.

Press CTRL,ALT, and T at the same time. A terminal window will pop up.
Now type this in the terminal window:

sudo apt-get install gparted

Follow the prompts, you are almost there.
Once this is installed, click on the spiral on the very top left corner of the operating system and type "gparted" Your software will pop up.

Finally, follow these instructions found on this website starting on step four and create your partition:http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-resize-partitions-with-the-ubuntu-or-gparted-live-cd.


How do I associate a file type with an appimage?

Got this working on Mint 18.1 Cinnamon.

The .appimage of Krita 3.1.2 didn't add any file associations, so I created a file named krita.desktop, and put the following inside:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Krita
Comment=Krita, An open source painting and drawing application.
Exec=[path to .appimage] %F
Type=Application
Icon=[path to icon]
Categories=Graphics;
MimeType=image/krita;

I made that file executable, then copied it to /usr/share/applications.

Next I opened ~/.config/mimeapps.list, and appended:

image/krita=krita.desktop;

under the section [Added Associations]

Finally I right clicked a .kra file and chose Krita as the default app under Open With.

Hope that helps someone out.


Exec command for kde plasma to enable remote host controller(virtual desktop session)

I know this is sort of old but I found the solution. The exec command that should go into .chrome-remote-desktop-session is;
exec /usr/share/sddm/scripts/Xsession "/usr/bin/startkde"
That command works for me on kubuntu.


NVIDIA Adaptive power management not working with 3 monitors?

As can be seen in the screenshot, I just noticed that the "Clock speed" Indeed does drop down even though the Performance level keeps being stuck at 3. This is most likely due to the Memory requirement for feeding the 3 Monitors. So the Memory transfer rate stays as 7010 and so the Performace level is showing 3.

Luckily the clock speed is throttled independently from the Memory transfer rate. So the Performance Level is a bit misleading. There actually should be two independent Performance level shown. Or I still don't get something.

Now I also notice the "min"/"Max" columns in Graphics Clock and am even more confused. But I guess this is to set an upper bound for laptops when locking to a certain performance level...


What does syslog entry Memory pressure relief indicate

Well, looks like you ran out of available physical memory.
adding swap would not help unless another process can be swapped out to make enough physical memory available.


Tch.  Problem is mysteriously solved after a restart.  Strange.


How to start a process and attach it to the terminal corresponding to the local graphical shell?

X-server where xclients are connected are defined by DISPLAY variable. For first local Xserver it's usually :0.0.
So - if you're logged remotly for machine with local Xserver, and you're want to run something locally - set:
export DISPLAY=:0.0
and then run your Xclient application - it'll connect to /tmp/.X11-unix/X0, and run localy.

But - if you wish to skip ssh forwarding and run xwindow application remotly without ssh - you can do it too - you must open Xserver to accept remote connections, add xclient using xhost, and then define variable DISPLAY to ip:xserwer


EVEmodel:fatal error: gsl/gsl_math.h: No such file or directory

You have to install corresponding header files from deb-packages:

sudo apt-get install libgsl-dev

and then retry the compilation. Or use -L and -I flags (see man gcc or online) for local GSL library.


I just extracted a 13GB file.  I was unable to unzip it using the extract tool, right clicking on the file (I'm in KDE, so this is dolphin).  I ran into a similar error, where it said that "The archive you're trying to open is corrupt. Some of the files may be missing or damaged.".  Instead I used dtrx from the command line, and it worked on the first try.

To install dtrx I typed: sudo apt-get install dtrx

To run the extraction I typed dtrx filename.zip with no flags.


I guess you have UEFI and legacy boot at the same time which causes the problem.

Actually, you do not need to switch to legacy boot when installing Ubuntu. Make sure the USB partition format is FAT32, write bootable image to USB device and UFEI bios should be able to recognize it.

You may try re-generating grub menu (google...), but I think reinstalling linux is good choice.


Is there a way to prevent alt-tab from raising all windows of an application?

You can use another trick to solve your prob minimize all windows that are idle to you. Then on the panel you can click the middle button of the the mouse that would switch between the two windows that are not idle


Your mouse is most likely auto sleeping after a given delay.

Logitech says that the M510 should have a 15-30 second delay before sleeping, so I don't think it's the mouse's problem alone.

It's possible that you're experiencing general autosuspend for USB devices.

Hopefully these links help:

How to disable auto power off of usb devices like usb mouse?

USB Mouse sleeping after 5 seconds when on battery


Finally, found the right solution after a lot of searching and trial and error. The sleep command is crucial. It waits for the synclient to load. I so far put it to 100 seconds of waiting time before running the command. Perhaps, a shorter wait time could work but for now it

/usr/bin/synclient RTCornerButton="0"
/usr/bin/synclient RTCornerButton="0"
/usr/bin/synclient RBCornerButton="0"
/usr/bin/synclient TapButton3="0"
/usr/bin/synclient TapAndDragGesture="0"

Alternatively, xinput can be used and the command can be inserted in the startup however, an example is as follows to disable the middle button

xinput set-button-map "11" "1" "1" "1"


Epson XP 205 how do I install a driver & which one

Installation for Epson PX720WD Wireless Network Printing. Your printer will have a similar method, except for the part in bold where you might want to check if you can find your printer.

System -> Adminstration -> Printing and click Add to select New Printer
Under Printer Type select Network Printer This will open a drop-down list. Select AppSocket/HP JetDirect
This will show two text boxes called Host: and Port: for Host: you need to put the IP address of the printer. Leave the Port: as the default 9100
You can determine the IP of the printer by pressing the Setup key on the printer, then select Network -> Network Settings -> Display > Wireless Summary If the printer is currently connected to the network, its IP address will be listed.
Enter the IP address and select Forward
Now you need to choose your printer driver.
Under Manufacturer choose Epson Now for Model you will choose Stylus
Photo PX720WD
It will suggest that you use the Epson Stylus Photo PX72OWD
Series-epson-inkjet-printer 1.0.0-1lsb3.2 (Seiko Epson Corporation LSB
3.2) [en] (recommended) driver. This is correct. Click Forward and Apply
Unless your have the drivers installed already ignore the driver setup
just below:
Describe Printer, enter the following details: Printer Name:
Epson-Stylus-Photo-PX720WD-1 Description: Epson-Stylus-Photo-PX720WD-1
Location: wherever Click Apply
Now you can go back to the printers box and right-click your new
printer and select Make Default.
Happy printing!


Webupd8 had an article about installing Google Earth last April, and I assume that it still works.  There are some 32-but libraries that are required, and the commands below will install these:

sudo apt-get install libfontconfig1:i386 libx11-6:i386 libxrender1:i386 libxext6:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libglu1-mesa:i386 libglib2.0-0:i386 libsm6:i386

cd /tmp && wget http://dl.google.com/dl/earth/client/current/google-earth-stable_current_i386.deb

sudo dpkg -i google-earth-stable_current_i386.deb

sudo apt-get install -f


How to unistall utorrent server and libtorrent

To remove utserver and libtorrent you can run:

sudo dpkg -r utserver
sudo apt-get remove libtorrent14

To remove alien run:

sudo apt-get remove alien

Remember to do:

sudo apt-get autoremove

in case some packages are still installed and you don't need them.


Error message when building gimp normalmap-plugin

Solution:

Install libgimp2.0-dev
Add -lm to the end of the LIBS after -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lGLEW

Thanks to @steeldriver for providing the solution.


Extract form data from a Firefox profile database

One option (that I'm holding back from) is copying the whole profile out to this laptop and replacing the current one (after backing it up) and using it just like that.

I can't see why it wouldn't work but I've had some weird things happen when moving profiles around in Firefox before, hence me looking for a cleaner, remote option.


Why can't I run Java Web Start Applications?

First install the icedtea-8-plugin package (or later version) that include the java browser-plugin and the javaws webstart tool that can launch .jnlp files.

Use javaws to open the downloaded .jnlp file.


How can I set a symlink from /tmp/mysql.sock?

It sounds like the /tmp folder has the sticky bits set

This means your permission is denied due to protected_symlinks

When protected_symlinks is set to "0", the symlink following behaviour is unrestricted.

When set to "1" symlinks are permitted to be followed only when outside a sticky world-writable directory, or when the uid of the symlink and follower match, or when the directory owner matches the symlink's owner.

To change this behaviour

sysctl -w fs.protected_symlinks=0

Further reading Permissions


Get rid of libc6-dev-amd64:i386

sudo apt-get remove libc6-amd64:i386 libc6-dev-amd64:i386

It is used only for 64bit (amd64) cross-compilation in 32bit (i386) Ubuntu installation .


Can I run Apache2 as my user on my Ubuntu for development purposes?

You can add yourself to the www-data group and then use /var/www with no issues sudo adduser USERNAME www-data


How can I change what action is caused when the power button is pressed?

You can change the action that happens when pressing the power button by entering this command into a terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'hibernate'

replace the 'hibernate' with the action you want.

Also take a look at this duplicate post for more information.


Where to find core dumps from gcc and g++ compiled code?

Core dumping is disabled by default in Ubuntu by setting the maximum dumping file size to 0 for all users.

You can check this by:

ulimit -c

By default it would show 0.

Now to enable core dumping, set the size to the value you want (or unlimited).

For example, setting the maximum dumping file size as 4 KB:

ulimit -c 8

-c takes block numbers with each block being 512 Bytes.

Setting to unlimited (Not recommended):

ulimit -c unlimited

This will change the limit for the current user and not permanently. To make the changes effective for users selectively and permanently, you should edit the /etc/security/limits.conf file and set your desired values.


Is Ubuntu 16.10 vulnerable to the Linux.proxy.10?

Ubuntu's desktop flavours don't have an SSH server installed by default. The OpenSSH client is installed, however that doesn't enable remote login to your system.

That said, this malware seems to infecting IoT devices, which are notorious for extremely poor default security settings (like using simple passwords by default, not disabling root access, etc.).

Even if you install SSH on Ubuntu, you will have to use common usernames and poor passwords to be vulnerable. It's not SSH or Ubuntu that's vulnerable, but your crappy passwords. Also, by default, SSH doesn't allow password login for root on Ubuntu.

OpenSSL is a different thing altogether. It has its own vulnerabilities.


I received the same error. In my case it was because I created a 64 bit bootable USB on a 32 bit machine (my Mac mini). That may be your issue as well. I am trying to boot this usb on a 64 bit machine, which is not a complete succes so far.


How to package an application icon properly?

The Icon field in the .desktop file, and the file name of the icon file itself, must match. As per the Icon Naming Specification, the name should be the same as the application's executable program. It should also be installed in the appropriate sizes, in the appropriate hicolor icon theme directory, as per the Icon Theme Specification.

It seems there is a typo in the page you link to, which says to name the icon as desktop.png instead of dungeon.png, and it also only talks about installing the single icon, and in the wrong place. This should be considered a bug in the site itself.

If the icons are in the correct place, and still not showing up, it is likely you need to update the icon cache for theme. You can run sudo gtk-update-icon-cache -f /usr/share/icons/hicolor to update the system hicolor theme directory cache, for example.


How to create very very simple GUI application for Ubuntu?

To make simple applications in Ubuntu, you'd possibly want to look at the Ubuntu App Developer API.

On this website, you'll find a plethora of resources for application development on Ubuntu and you'll see that, under "Programming languages" your knowledge of C++ will be well placed.

If you must see source code, there are some examples under the Ubuntu App Developer Cookbook as well as external links. This link has been removed as it is outdated.

Finally, you may also want to check out Qt for further reading.

Good luck!

04/01/2015 EDIT:

Since this post first went up in 2013, with new versions of Ubuntu being pushed to stable, it seems the above is now outdated.

To make some simple applications (GUI or not), try the Ubuntu SDK. The Ubuntu SDK is based on Qt Creator, hence all simple GUI applications should probably go through this now.


MySQL asks for root password but I was never asked to set one during installation

I'm guessing you actually installed MariaDB? If so, you can get root (or sudo) and log in like this:

sudo mysql

That should get you in.


Ubuntu 20.04: keyboard and mousepad not working after installation

The problem is Ubuntu thinks your PC is a tablet and diables the keyboard.
The fix below works if the following command gives you any number that is not 31 or 32.
cat /sys/class/dmi/id/chassis_type

How to fix this: (from https://askubuntu.com/a/1282269/558457)

There is a bug in recent kernels that disables some laptop keyboards. Mainly Acer and HP so far.  Can usually go to recovery and boot from kernel 5.4.0-42 or use an external keyboard.
Blacklisting the intel_vbtn kernel module is a workaround for this, as seen in Why my laptop's keyboard screwed up since kernel 5.4.0-47 till 5.8.0-20
To implement this, you can either create a new file in /etc/modprobe.d with the suffix .conf or use the main blacklist.conf file. The former may be preferable, since you can then just delete the file when it is no longer required (i.e. when the bug is fixed):
sudoedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-intel_vbtn.conf
Add a line to the file, optionally with a comment explaining why you are doing this
# bug in module breaks keyboard, so don't load it
blacklist intel_vbtn

Save the file, exit and reboot.


From my point of veiw, I use Ubuntu (generally Linux) for those reasons:

Packages support

The system is shipped with all applications, ready to use 2 minutes after installation
Everyone can easily install applications via software center or command line
If you need, you can choose the version of application you need. Additionally, you can install not-released-yet version from custom PPAs.

Opensource & Community

Whole system (and most of the applications) are free of charge
The system is reviewed by many people so many bugs are found and fixed
If you are in troubles, there are many ways to ask and receive fast answers from community (for example this site)

Security & Safety

Most of the viruses are designed for Microsoft OS so they won't affect your system
Thanks to clean system design it's difficult to create really dangerous virus for Linux
There is easy user management and setting up user rights so you are sure your mother won't break the computer by launching the wrong app.

Programming platform

Ubuntu (and Linux generally) has outstanding support for programming tools
You can use almost all IDEs on Ubuntu, simple text editors or terminal editors (vi, emacs)
There is support for all programming languages
It's easy to run and test your programs via console
It's easy to install, configure and use all kinds of servers (apache, database servers, web servers)

Terminal

Besides the programming itself, you can use terminal to connect to remote servers (ssh, scp, ...) without installing additional software
Use the power of shell commands and regular expressions when working with your files, processing data or maintaining the system
If you need to fix/configure something, it's often only about copying several lines from the guide or mail-from-guru and you get the issue fixed.
You can extend the system functionality with your own scripts launched whenever you need.

Environment

You have the same environment on your servers and on your PC: You can use tools you are used to use when managing the server. You can redirect X server and launch window applications remotely. You can have the exactly same versions of programs on both server and your PC.
Somebody says Ubuntu GUI is much easier and comfortable than Windows.

Possibility of choose

In almost all cases, you can choose from several variants of the application. Unlike Mac OS, you aren't forced to use the "best" app and only it.

And after all, it's Linux. You got to love it :)


Install Ubuntu on my computer via Network Boot

Network boot requires another computer to serve up the ISO image(s). There is a https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UEFI/PXE-netboot-install but it's pretty complex. Might be easier to take the hard disk out, place it in another computer and do the install there.


Black screen after installing drivers using Intel Linux driver installer - 14.04

I had similar prolems with Dell& Ubuntu hybrid graphics (intel integrated&ATI discrete).
Try: https://askubuntu.com/a/483223/293492 (this is what I did, also you can check if you have similar symptoms)


Unable to view or write to shared Windows Drive

Mount as local user: add your UID and GID in the mount options (say your local ID is 1000): -o rw,user=james,uid=1000,gid=1000 so that you have proper access.

Have you been IN /mnt/winshareh during the mount? Then you are still seeing the old inonde before you mounted. Reenter the directory: cd . to update your current working directory.


Wifi disabled due to hardware switch. Not re enabling. What should i do ?

ugh... that sounds like a BIOS bug. You can try updating your firmware in hopes that they might have fixed it for Linux, or, if you still have Windows installed, boot into it, and from there toggle the switches until the Wifi comes back. Happened to me once with an Acer laptop where I was playing with rfkill and the only way I could "unflip" that bit was by booting into Windows.