You can use in terminal:
cal 12 2020

in which 12 is the month number and 2020 the year and it displays that particular month.
Or
cal 2020

which displays the whole year.


The simplest first step is to recover the files via a live CD.

You can follow this link for more detailed information:
Recovering user files with a Live CD

The second harder step is to fix the system that is causing you problems. for that you need to provide more info on you operating system such as Nade, Version, special set-ups, etc.


ctrl+alt+f7 and ctrl+alt+f8 not changing back into the X session!

It's because you don't have a X session running, try to start a fresh one with

startx

Alternatively try to start the display manager (as suggested by user31389)

service lightdm start


From my perspective, you should use Ubuntu to wider your knowledge.

I am PhD student at the moment but was advise to use ubuntu during my undergrad study by one of the prof. There was a platform to simulate robot, one of this mystic platforms for real geeks. The platform worked very well on linux and nearly not at all on windows.

I switched to ubuntu and started to 'fight' with it, but.. I found that you can do a lot of stuff and have a lot of access to knowledge if you in Linux/openSource. After years of asking myself, why I am doing all this difficult way, I can say that this way can have you mastering of your computer's interaction.

So to make the answer:
You should use ubuntu because one day you will know or can do something, what your colleagues form window's world will have no idea about. And this will give you huge advantage.

Apart of this you can use ubuntu for everything the same you using windows


Install JavaFX scene builder 2.0 on Ubuntu 14.10

you can find your deb installation using following :

dpkg-query  -S scenebuilder

afterwards you can add it in intellij - it should look something like this:

/opt/JavaFXSceneBuilder2.0/JavaFXSceneBuilder2.0


Kubuntu 13.04 got installed inside Win7, but doesn't appear in boot menu

The Kubuntu ISO is sitting in x:\ubuntu\install\ (replace x with the drive you installed on). It has been renamed to installation.iso. Move that out of the \ubuntu\ directory (right out or it gets deleted when you uninstall).

Once you have the ISO you can write it to a USB stick.

Second, since this is a new Lenovo I am going to assume that it has Windows 8 and boots via  UEFI. If this is not the case, let me know, but even if you do get Wubi booting, it will fail as it cannot work on GPT formatted drives (always come with UEFI and Windows). Refer to this for instructions: Installing Ubuntu on a Pre-Installed Windows 8 (64-bit) System (UEFI Supported)

So I would use that USB stick to install and not bother with Wubi. If on the other hand you have an older BIOS based machine, you can see this to fix your current issue: Ubuntu not showing up on boot menu after Wubi installation


How do I share my mobile internet connection in Ubuntu 13.04?

have you tried to get the wifi usb adapter to work with ndiswraper? most easy should be to use ndisgtk.

with my android phone I can connect to my wireless and than tether over usb. this article claims to describe how to do it with blackbarry, but I can not try it. it is a old post and most of the links are dead, but the berry4all site is still up.


Turning off the transition animation when changing workspaces in Compiz (GNOME2/UNITY)

To change the animation you will need CompizConfig settings manager

To install it:

apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

or via Ubuntu Software Center.

Open CompizConfig settings manager.

Under Desktop → Desktop Wall → Viewport switching set Wall sliding duration to 0.


Go to /usr/share/applications or ~/.local/share/applications, right-click the application icon and click on "Properties".

I do not see a reason why a person who can't run a command in terminal would need a path.


The short answer is, no, you can't disable it.

Ubuntu, which is Debian based, works the same as Debian.  If you are logged in as root (which is userID 0 you will not have to use sudo for the elevated privilege, you'd already have it.

The difference is that when you install Ubuntu, it'll prompt you for a username and password for logging it and add this user to the sudoers group.  As mentioned in the comments, by default on Ubuntu (which is another difference) the root account is disabled.  While it's not advisable, you could enable it just by setting up a password for it with:

$ sudo passwd root

Then you could log in as root... which would be the same as logging in as root on Debian.

A security risk (among many) to having the root account enabled it that the root account is common on all Linux systems.  Hackers run scripts to try to break into computers as root.  Having the root account disabled is a layer of defense.

As far as disabling sudo, that's not something you can do on Debian or Ubuntu.  A normal user on both OSes will have to have sudoers access to use elevated commands.  By the content in your question, you are already familiar with the sudo, and sudo su - variations.

If there were a way to make normal users have full root access, it would be the exact same process with Ubuntu as with Debian.

Note:

By default user IDs below 1000 are hidden and aren't shown on the login screen.  You can configure lightdm to allow manual logins with these steps:

Edit the /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-unity-greeter.conf configuration file.
Add this line: greeter-show-manual-login=true
Restart the lightdm service with: sudo systemctl restart lightdm
Then use the new Login option to manually type in the root userID and password.

To disable the root account (taking it back to the default) run this command:

$ sudo passwd -dl root

You can find other details about how this works on Ubuntu at:
RootSudo - Community Help Wiki


Missing files and folders when downloading Ubuntu

Make sure you set the boot order to boot from media first (before the hard drive), then see what it does. Those folders look correct.

If you can, download the iso again and try installing from usb. These instructions are for doing so in Windows.

If you prefer DVD, try making a new one.


Optirun uses Nvidia, Primusrun uses Intel card

Ok so I never fixed it and I didn't primusrun to use the Nvidia card. However it's not necessary to use the primusrun launcher binary.

I now run my games from Steam with

optirun -b primus %command%

in the LAUNCH OPTIONS

If you want to run Big Picture on your Nvidia card you can do that:
http://bartinger.at/run-steam-big-picture-on-an-optimus-card/

optirun -b primus steam -bigpicture

From the command line

Edit: I'm using the nvidia-331 driver.
My bumblebee config on pastebin. I hope it helps someone.


which distro has thumbnails in file upload

You are referring to the File Chooser dialog, which is used when opening or saving files.
Kubuntu is a good option for you, because the File Chooser can be directly adjusted with different views.
In the example below, I've selected Icons View ➀.
You can adjust the size of the icons by using the Icon size slider ➁.


How to upgrade Openfire from 3.8.2 to 3.10.0?

The thread provided in link states this:

stop the running OpenFire: sudo /etc/init.d/openfire stop , if it doesn't stop then search and kill its process by sudo kill -9 PID

to get the PID

ps aux | grep openfire

the result would be something like:

maythux   3541  0.4  0.0 613892 18500 ?        Sl   09:17   0:00 blah blah blah

Here the PID is 3541, then to kill this process run the command

sudo kill -9 3541

delete all plugins (NOT their data directories): sudo rm
/var/lib/openfire/plugins/*.jar
update the old OpenFire using dpkg with the following command:

sudo dpkg -i openfire_3.10.0_all.deb

if it's not already running, start it again: sudo
/etc/init.d/openfire start
After it runs and get into the admin interface try to re-install the
plugins you had, the settings will be retained
go to Security Settings and make the checkmark at "Accept self-signed
certificates. Server dialback over TLS is now available."

answer was quoted from here


Nvidia Geoforce 8600M on Ubuntu 15.04 won't start (MacBookPro 4,1)

It is recomended to purge before installing new drivers. For example, for a 343:

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*
sudo service lightdm stop
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-343
sudo service lightdm start
sudo reboot

You are not explicit on this, so I am just checking.

If you do not come up with anything, you know you can a make a reinstall of Ubuntu, BUT purge the drivers first. From my experience and from what I see, It seems installed nvidia drivers on the system tend to mess up upgrades.

Waiting for better help...


Answer is: add to the panel the Menu Bar option!


Is there any differences between Gnome-Global menu and Appmenu-indicator?

Global menu is old and I don't think it is being actively developed anymore.

Application Menu is under very active development by the Ubuntu community and Canonical employees.

Application Menu supports way more apps than the old global menu.


Ubuntu Core rotate screen Raspberry Pi 3

I found a third way which works, via mir-kiosk. I think this solution is more resource-intensive than the options above, so first try the ones in my original question above. The top ones are hardware-based, this is software-based if I understand correctly.
Install the mir-kiosk snap if you haven't yet and edit the /var/snap/mir-kiosk/current/miral-kiosk.display configuration. I appended the following:
  inverted:
    cards:
    - card-id: 0
      DSI-1:
        orientation: inverted

Now update the display layout configuration setting in mir-kiosk:
$ snap set mir-kiosk display-layout=inverted

The mir-kiosk snap will restart and… the screen is inverted!
This solution has a drawback though, the Ubuntu Core logo will still be upside down when the Raspberry boots since the display flipping only happens when mir-kiosk boots. It also only works if you are using mir-kiosk so I would still like to understand why the boot.txt option doesn't work (edit: I found the solution, check the other answer).


How to install SiS 671/771 Video Drivers in ubuntu?

This worked for 10.04 and 10.10(not sure of above)
First download the drivers
Use http://ajoliveira.com/ajoliveira/gen...t_10.04.tar.gz for the 32 bit driver and
http://ajoliveira.com/ajoliveira/gen...t_10.04.tar.gz for the 64 bit driver,
 (take the install files), unzip them  once unzipped copy or move them

Open up a terminal and go to the path you've unzipped them in.(use the cd command to navigate to directory's) i.e; cd /home/user/Downloads

sudo cp sis671_drv.* /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/

type in your password and press enter

then stop X
(We need to stop X or we won't be able to auto-generate a xorg.conf.new)

sudo service gdm stop

(you'll have to do next part blindly)

Code:
Switch to tty1 by pressing Ctrl+Alt+f1
 (f2 for tty2, f3 for tty3, etc.. (f7 should be X)

Even though you won't be able to read it (yet) you can login
type in your username and press enter

type in your password and press enter
Now you're logged in you want to become root; type;

sudo bash

type in your password

Now your root; type in

Xorg -configure
(this will create a xorg.conf.new in your home directory)

and start gdm again with

service gdm start

Once there; Open up a terminal again;

move the auto-generated xorg.conf.new to /etc/X11/xorg.conf
 with

sudo mv xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf
and restart gdm by typing;

sudo service gdm restart

Fix the plymouth and the unreadable tty problem like this
 Open up a terminal and typ

sudo bash

enter your password
type;

echo blacklist vga16fb > /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-vga16fb.conf
type

update-initramfs -u

and reboot reboot

After this if you do not have proper resolution then

Once you get to the desktop, start a Terminal and

cd /etc/X11
 sudo nano xorg.conf
That will open xorg.conf in order to be edited, find "Device" Section and set Driver "sis671" (If you're beginner do not change anything else). Now to exit and save make ^x, where ^ means CTRL.... in a few words CTRL-x will let you exit nano, remember to SAVE changes!


How do I set gvim as default application?

Resolved. It turned out to be a duplicate.

I referred this: How do I make vim the default graphical text editor?

I had some problems creating a .desktop file, but this link is useful : Creating .desktop files to use on the "Open with other application" tab


Right Super key not opening Dash on Ubuntu 18.04

You may use (GNOME) Tweaks to achieve your goal.

First install Tweaks by running

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

(or sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool).

Then launch Tweaks and go to "Keyboard & Mouse" section. Select "Right Super" for the "Overview Shortcut" option.


Installing Yaws server on Ubuntu 12.04 (Using a cloud service)

Clive van Hilten posted a comment that provides what may be the best available answer to this question. What he said (with slight modification) was:

I know nothing about Yaws, but reading the output above I notice a couple of things:

Your docroot is /home/ubuntu/yaws/www/test but Eshell reports:

=INFO REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:21:06 === Yaws: Listening to 0.0.0.0:8000 for <3> virtual servers: - http://domU-12-31-39-0B-1A-F6:8000 under /home/ubuntu/yaws/www/trial -

Notice the test in your docroot and the trial in the Eshell output.
You state that "I've also opened up the port 80 using iptables." But your port number in yaws.conf is 8000, not 80.

It seems fixing those discrepancies may well solve the problem.


Can't see files in Ubuntu One web interface, just in android, and in the sync folder

I told you... I'm too newbie for this....
On my dashboard there are two structures or links with the name of my shared folder (one with tilde ~ at the begining,and other remarked with word "Folders")

The first link gets me to the files, the second just show one level of folders inside that first folder.  I can't figure out what this link is for, since it is incomplete anyway.

The tilde in front of the actual folder containing the files is intimidating... what is it for?

So to abide to the rules for answering my own question, for any newbie that asks for her/his files, go with the folder marked with ~, no mater how strange look this for a windows only background people.
Hope not broke any rule posting this, and truly, trying to point the way for a new user in future.


Boot problems following update of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS on 32 bit PC

What brand/model system?

Lenovo G500 laptop, 32 bit. Its about 5 years old.

  What video card/chip?

Gee, I don't know. Whatever video hardware that came with the laptop.

  Did you install a video driver?

No.

This problem has been reported by others at:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1827884


Mkv thumbnails are not generating at all

Failed thumbnail creation attempts are cached to prevent repeated attempts for performance. So those files are still ignored after you've fixed thumbnail creation.
Those failed files are stored in ~/.cache/thumbnails/fail, delete one or all.

Also, there's a file size limit in Preferences -> Search & Preview(Gnome file manager previously called Nautilus), usually files larger than 10MB are ignored in thumbnail creation. Maximum size can be set to 4GB.


During login, why does it take more time to give an error message, than to login?

Probably because this makes brute-force guessing passwords more time-consuming and therefore less likely. See also 1


Keyboard backlight on Xiaomi Notebook keeps turning off

Most keyboard backlights are intended to work that way, turning off after a short time of not typing.

With that said, there's probably some subdirectory in /sys/class/leds for your keyboard backlight. Mine is /sys/class/leds/dell::kbd_backlight. Inside that are several control files that you can cat to see what they're set to. You can echo to them with sudo to change them.

With mine, sudo bash -c 'echo 46799s > stop_timeout' in that directory sets the backlight to stay on for half a day after pressing a key, which may not give you exactly what you want, but might be good enough.
Perhaps yours is similar or there's some other file in your keyboard backlight subdirectory that you can write to to get the effect that you want.


Set battery threshold in Lenovo Legion Y540 having Ubuntu

I found a workaround for this. Since I have dual-booted with windows, I choose the conservation mode setting from there and that setting retains for Ubuntu. Note: there is no option for this in the BIOS (maybe future update of BIOS will provide it)


Bluetooth not working on HP ubuntu 20.04

Hello and welcome to ask Ubuntu,
the problem is, that you have to install the nonfree firmware. Keep sure, that your sources.list is looking into the non-free repositories and then do
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install linux-firmware
sudo apt install rfkill

Then try sudo rfkill list. You should see in the output, if Bluetooth is enabled, or if its blocked by software (soft blocked: yes) and if it's hard blocked (hard blocked: yes). which is the case, when you turned off the physical switch (Disclaimer: if you deactive it in your BOIS, I don't know, if it's shown as hard blocked).
Share the output of sudo rfkill list.


System displaying "E" as "H" (?) from different font (?)

It could be an actual font that's gone bad, maybe taking a look at that font with something like gnome-font-viewer to check, possibly reisntall the font?

But, that's almost exactly what used to happen when I ran earler versions of gnome3 (I think that's still the base for Unity), only it had more letters completely gone and a few other graphic errors here & there. Some programs would look normal, though. Later updated versions of gnome3 were fixed.

I'm suspecting there was an update that's causing this problem now, is there a way you can "roll back" any recent updates (maybe from before the last reboot, in case it could have updated but showed no errors until after a reboot?) and see if the problem goes away? Or first might as well check for any new updates that may fix it?

And trying a different window manager may be a potential workaround, and could verify if it is a WM (gnome3-ish) display issue at least. Openbox is quite small, or possibly xfce4 or icewm, jwm. lxde if you already like pcmanfm, (but I don't see the lxde window manager on it's own).


This question originally asked about sudo chmod o+x /home and
  not sudo chmod -R o+x /home. This answer pertains to that version. This was then re-asked, for the recursive (-R) version
  of the command. Subsequently this question was edited, and more
  answers were posted. I've left this answer with the intention that it
  may be helpful to others who perform non-recursive chmod
  operations on /home.

The command chmod o+x /home gives others--that is, people who don't own /home and aren't in its "group owner" either--execute permissions on /home.

For a folder, execute permissions means something special--it means you can go into the directory and attempt to access files inside it.

/home has o+x set by default. The command you ran changed nothing. /home has to allow "others" to access files inside because it contains all the machine's human users' home directories, and *none of those users is /home's owner or a member of its group owner!

Therefore, you don't have to worry about anything. Furthermore, attempting to "fix" this will break your system. If you were to remove the executable bit for "others" on /home, then no user would be able to access their own home directory. The system would be rendered unusable. You would have to enter recovery mode or boot from a live CD/DVD/USB to fix it. (And the way you'd fix it would be to run a command like what you ran before. Except this time it would have an effect.)

If you have already attempted to "fix" this and broken your system, and you need help fixing it, I recommend posting a new question asking for help. After all, that's a different questions from this one.


You need to install a driver. Connect to internet by wire or another way and run in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms linux-firmware

If you can not connect to internet, then download these files:

dkms, rtlwifi-new-dkms, linux-firmware

Copy then to your home folder and run in terminal

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

On some systems there may be error messages asking to install additional packages. If this is the case, post output to your question.


Is there a hotkey to switch between tabs in the default terminal app?

You can also use Ctrl+PgUp/PgDn to go to previous/next tab.


Time set through terminal resets after reboot

To choose your system time zone from a terminal:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata


This is the solution I've been using and it seems to work.  Its available at Ubuntu Forums

Cheers


How do I reinstall graphics drivers after swapping my nVidia for an ATI?

Remove your xorg.conf file leaving a backup file behind

sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak

Remove the nvidia drivers completely

sudo apt-get --purge remove nvidia-current

Install the ATI drivers from the Ubuntu repos

sudo apt-get install fglrx fglrx-amdcccle

Reboot

sudo reboot


You need to run the program as root.

In a text terminal/shell, use:

sudo usbview

(You need to enter your password)

If you need a GUI command, use:

gksu usbview

The full error message in that error dialog window is:

Can not open the file /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices

 Verify that you have USB compiled into your kernel,
 have the USB core modules loaded, and have the
 usbdevfs filesystem mounted.

It lists various possible cases of the problem - except the most common one - that is confusing.
It made me also think that it's probably not the problem, because I would expect it in the list. Actually, one could see the message as a minor bug.


How to add execute permissions to a USB Flash Drive ext4 (for steam)

You can remount a device with exec option (the opposite of noexec) using this command:

sudo mount -o remount,exec /PATH/TO/MOUNTPOINT

Just replace /PATH/TO/MOUNTPOINT with the correct mount point, so in your case it would be:

sudo mount -o remount,exec /var/host/media/removable/James

After that, check the output of mount | grep '/dev/sda2 again to make sure the noexec option is gone. There will probably not be any exec option listed though, because that's the default.


Get Ubuntu to NOT move windows when turning off one of multiple monitors

This is the most common with HDMI and display port but some DVI and VGA monitors can do it too I'm told.  DVI is hit and miss and I've never personally encountered a VGA one that does this.

When you power off the monitor it ceases to be communicating with the computer.  On HDMI at least the easiest workaround I found was to cover pin 19 with a piece of tape there is a similar pin(unsure off the number) for displayport although for mini displayport it gets a bit small to get the tape in without blocking other pins.

If you have the problem with DVI or VGA connections there are pins you can break off on the cable (again not sure which offhand).  I discovered this on Windows admittedly so I may be wrong but the linux machine connects by VGA to a KVM so haven't had a problem with it


Can't format a USB Drive with gibberish text

You've mounted your drive as read-only - chmod won't work since it's a write operation.

You need to remount the drive with read-write permissions:

sudo mount -o remount, rw `/dev/sdb1`

replace sdb with the name of your device.


Hard drive not recognized in Ubuntu 12.04 install

just to make it clear for me: You want to install Ubuntu on a external disk for using it as a boot hdd later?
If so You will have to install it on the external drive the following:
- chose the correct drive in the drag down menu (there where "/dev/sda" is shown in the picture) and chose "sdb" instead if possible.
if not please write or show me, what else is listed up there.

if you have chosen the external HD correctly you have to do three things

create the partition for the root system - recommended is something from 20 GB on, as far as I know
create the partition for the SWAP - recommended 2.5 times your RAM but if the RAM is >/= 4GB then 2 times is enough so 8GB if the RAM is 4GB
create a "Data" partition for your precious files.
after having done this the Installer should be able to go on.


Method #1  (The Graphical Way)

Open Disks program from dash:

Then choose your device from left. Make sure you have selected at least one volume, and click on format as below:

Method #2  (The Command-Line Way)

In case you can't get your device formatted from Method #1 try this way.

Open the Terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T)
List your block storage devices by issuing the command lsblk
Then identify your pen drive by it's SIZE. In my case its /dev/sdb

Erase everything in the pen drive (OPTIONAL):

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=4k && sync

Replace /dev/sdb with your corresponding device.  This will take some time. It will pretend to stuck. Just be patient.
Make a new partition table in the device:

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Then press letter o to create a new empty DOS partition table.

Make a new partition:

Press letter n  to add a new partition. You will be prompted for the size of the partition. Making a primary partition when prompted, if you are not sure.
Then press letter w to  write table to disk and exit.

Format your new partition.

See what is your new partition with a command lsblk
In my case it is /dev/sdb1

Issue the command below to format the new volume:

sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1

Please replace /dev/sdb1 with your corresponding device.
Eject the device:

 sudo eject /dev/sdb


cant write qr code (phpqrcode) in /var/www/html/phpqroce/temp

It turns out my php5 is missing some module called php gd2

to install php gd2 simply:

sudo apt-get install php5-gd

and restart apache

sudo service apache2 restart

it works. dont forget to sudo chown -R www-data /var/www/html/phpqrcode


Ubuntu 18.04 x64 time format with nodejs

Set shell variable LC_ALL=pl_PL.UTF-8. I tried with LC_TIME but it doesn't work.

PS: Don't mess with date, it doesn't do anything in this case (only SHOWS time)


“Couldn’t get size: 0x800000000000000e” has happened after boot menu for installing Ubuntu18.04 server on Intel Compute Stick

I just downloaded the ubuntu server 18.04.2 and made an installer USB with the ISO.  Your error at running the installer is present on my system too, but it's just a warning, nothing wrong really. The 14.04 reference is to the internal system on the stick, so that's OK.  The next few lines after your screen shot on my system are:

mount: Mounting /root/cdrom/casper/extras/modules.squashfs.generic on root/lib/modules failed: no such file or directory
Documentation https://help.ubuntu.com/
stopping bluetooth deamon
Starting Bridge file events into upstart
Starting bridge socket events into upstart
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$

The normal desktop is present on tty7. The startup messages are on tty1, so try typing Alt F7 to get to the desktop.  I let the internal 14.04 upgrade to 16.04 but mostly run off systems installed to a microSD.


Tianhe - 2  and Its Operating System

Tianhe - 2 (天河二号) uses Kylin OS as operating system, according to Wikipedia article, which cites Jack Dongarra's report for University of Tennessee

Quote from the original article by Dongarra:

  The   Software    Stack The Tianhe-2 is using Kylin Linux as the operating system. Kylin is an operating system developed by the National University for Defense Technology, and successfully approved by China’s 863 Hi-tech Research and Development Program office in 2006. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kylin_(operating_system) for addition details . . .This is the same OS used in the Tianhe-1A.

Since I can speak Chinese, I have also consulted one of the articles on the National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou website:

Translation of the passage:

  Cloud services contain two levels: first, Kylin OS ; second Kylin cloud platform. The Kylin OS is a 64-bit OS that provides low level KVM
  virtualization support . . . (Translation is mine)

Kylin OS (麒麟) 　vs Ubuntu Kylin　（优麒麟）

Kylin Linux is a separate project, which originally was based on FreeBSD, so it is different from Ubuntu Kylin. It should be noted that Ubuntu Kylin in and of itself has Ubuntu as base and Unity desktop , but distinguishes itself in providing apps that are specifically tailored for mainland Chinese users. Just as any other Ubuntu flavor, it can serve as server for computational or other purposes.

Side notes

Softpedia incorrectly attributes Ubuntu Kylin to be running on Tianhe.


Dell Inspiron 1545 cannot connect to wifi

sudo apt-get purge b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer

Download the b43updated.zip file to a usb flash drive then drag and drop the file to your ubuntu desktop. Right-click it and select Extract Here.

Open a terminal and do:

sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/b43
sudo cp Desktop/b43_updated.zip/*  /lib/firmware/b43
sudo modprobe -rv b43
sudo modprobe -v b43

if it does not come on reboot.
Wireless should now be working, it looks like your ethernet card is not even detected.


If you mean the text editor that comes with the system:

Open your text editor
Click the Preferences option which is In the upper right corner
Click Fonts&Colours option
Then choose your colour scheme


How to fix a mobile modem that worked with Ubuntu 12.10 but doesn't with 13.04?

Successfully connect my Huawei USB modem using sakis3g http://dc399.4shared.com/download/NAhY5Sle/sakis3g.gz?tsid=20130813-213724-6ed8994f
Thank you all for your help.


Is there a portable version of Chrome for Ubuntu?

Well, "portable" means almost nothing in the Linux world.
You can install any application anywhere on a system. If you do it carefully, in principle you can install any application and its dependencies on a USB stick with a ext partitioning and launch it on any Linux computer with the same architecture.

In particular, Chrome is already "more" portable, since it is entirely self-contained in /opt/google/chrome/.

Just copy that directory somewhere else and you can launch it from anywhere.


I've never seen settings in xorg.conf affect the xsetwacom and even the linux-wacom project's website has tutorials for putting xsetwacom commands into xinitrc:

http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/index_old.php/howto/xsetwacom

But, I see no reason why these settings shouldn't be set plug-and-play with the udev system. We just need a developer to write it up.


How do I measure server power consumption?

I don't think it's possible to calculate the power consumption by software in a reliable manner.

Some (most?) notebook can tell you how much power you're drawing from the battery. But I don't think that this is possible for desktop computers or servers without special hardware.

If you have physical access to the server, you could just plug it in an electricity usage monitor, e.g. this one for 22 USD.


Debugging preseed/late_command for ubuntu 16.04 server: tee not found vs nonexistent directory

It doesn't seem to work to use echo into in-target. To solve this try the following (tried in Ubuntu 18.04):

d-i preseed/late_command string \
    echo "some text" >> /target/path/to/file.ext ; \
    in-target [some-other-command-in-target]

NOTE:

Don't use in-target before the line
Use /target before the real path
In other commands you can mostly use in-target before the line


Windows installer does not boot on windows xp

Try mounting the iso file in a usb disk in windows using rufus http://rufus.akeo.ie/ this will create a mountable usb disk. Restart your computer with usb stick plugged in, it will automatically take it to ubuntu installation.


Cannot mount my iPhone 6S+ in UBUNTU 16.04 LTS with iOS 11.0.2

Problem solved; found this link:
https://gist.github.com/samrocketman/70dff6ebb18004fc37dc5e33c259a0fc

The trick is to remove older packages first and to set the correct environment when building the new packages.


It's not so difficult to find an answer to your question, I found it on the internet and used it for years now:
#width x height + offset from left side desktop window + offset from top desktop window (taking into account panels and menu bars)
#next setting says: open a terminal which is 200 characters wide and 62 characters  high (current font settings in terminal), upper left corner is at 260 pixels from left side desktop and 0 pixels from the top of my desktop (e.g. right under the taskbar which is at the top of my screen).
#You may have to experiment with the settings before it is to your likings.
MiscDefaultGeometry=200x62+260+0


Just download the *.deb file from here. Here is how to install.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

apt-get install lib32z1 lib32asound2

to
Once that is done, navigate where you've downloaded the file, most likely the Downloads folder, and run the command below:

dpkg -i icaclient_13.0.0.256735_amd64.deb

You can download lib32asound2 from here.  Once downloaded, you can install using sudo dpkg -i ib32asound2_1.0.25-4ubuntu4_amd64.deb, or use Gdebi,sudo apt-get install gdebi`


It's because the cursor set is defined in the contrast mode's data. Have you ever tried modifying the contrast mode data?


Grub won't boot after converting MBR partition table to GPT

Short answer:
grub i386-pc needs a "BIOS boot partition" (i.e. type ef02 in gdisk). So you need to create one after the conversion, before running grub-install again.
Explanation:
It's only natural that grub will not work when youn convert your MBR/msdos partition table to GUID partition table.
The reason is, grub makes use of the "post-MBR gap", that is, the gap between the MBR and the first partition, for embedding a portion of its boot code (a.k.a. core.img). When you convert the partition table to GPT, part of the gap is overwritten with the main GPT, for it lies on LBA 1-33 (where the MBR lies on LBA 0).
Moreover, BIOS grub (a.k.a. grub i386-pc) on GPT no longer make use of the post-MBR, or post-GPT gap for core.img embedding. Instead it needs a "BIOS boot partition" (i.e. type ef02 in gdisk). So you need to create one after the conversion, before running grub-install again.
Also, note that a backup GPT lies at the last 33 logical blocks of the disk. If the last/only partition extended till the last block of the disk, you would need to shrink the filesystem on it to make sure that the filesystem no longer covered the last 33 blocks of the partition/disk, so that the blocks could be safely overwritten with the backup GPT. If you didn't do that before the conversion, there could be some damages done to the filesystem.


Can I Install Ubuntu to a machine from a full USB flash drive installation?

Simple: Install the following packages:

For Ubuntu:

ubiquity-frontend-gtk
ubiquity-slideshow-ubuntu

For Kubuntu:

ubiquity-frontend-kde
ubiquity-slideshow-kubuntu

For Xubuntu:

ubiquity-frontend-gtk
ubiquity-slideshow-xubuntu

Then put a launcher to ubiquity on your desktop and you are ready to install Ubuntu from your stick at will.


Windows 8 boot from grub broken after apt-get upgrade

Solved by following https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootSectorFix

Basically, use the testdisk program from a Live (USB/CD) environment to fix the Windows partition boot sector.


May 08 19:10:14.371 [warn] Could not bind to 127.0.0.1:9050: Address already in use. Is Tor already running?

This is letting us know that you already have a service running on the port that Tor is trying to use.  We can see what it is with:

sudo netstat -plnt | grep 9050

If the process running on that port is indeed tor, that means that as it suspects, it's in fact already running.


Ubuntu desktop not working after adjusting effects on compiz config manager

Try this:

Press Control + Alt + F1 and log in.
In terminal run unity --reset.


Setting SATA HDD spindown time for Western Digital Green drives

After more research, it seems that the -B and -S options of hdparm just doesn't work with certain Western Digital (and maybe other) drives.

This includes my WD10EADS, WD10EACS and WD20EARX.

I found a solution: hd-idle

To install hd-idle on Ubuntu:

wget https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/hd-idle/hd-idle-1.04.tgz
tar xvfz hd-idle*.tgz
cd hd-idle
sudo apt-get install debhelper
sudo dpkg-buildpackage -uc -us -rfakeroot
cd ..
sudo dpkg -i hd-idle_*.deb
# To run at startup:
sudo update-rc.d hd-idle defaults
nano /etc/default/hd-idle

/etc/default/hd-idle content:

START_HD_IDLE=true
# Optional, to limit to a specific drives:
# (leading '-i 0' to disable hd-idle on other disks)
HD_IDLE_OPTS="-i 0 -a /dev/disk/by-uuid/DRIVE1UID -i 600 -a /dev/disk/by-uuid/DRIVE2UID -i 600"

Disable system-managed disk power management settings in Storage > Physical Disks > Disk properties (redundant).

sudo service hd-idle start

Check:

sudo hdparm -C /dev/sd[a-z]


How can I redirect the contents of a file to the pastebinit command?

cat is the command to do that:

cat filename | pastebinit

From man cat:

  cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output

    -A, --show-all
          equivalent to -vET
   -b, --number-nonblank
          number nonempty output lines
   -e     equivalent to -vE
   -E, --show-ends
          display $ at end of each line
   -n, --number
          number all output lines
   -s, --squeeze-blank
          suppress repeated empty output lines
   -t     equivalent to -vT
   -T, --show-tabs
          display TAB characters as ^I
   -v, --show-nonprinting
          use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB

   With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.


What are the equivalents of "gksu nautilus" in other Ubuntu Derivatives

Xubuntu

For your case you have the Thunar file manager in which case you would use:

gksu thunar or gksudo thunar

Kubuntu

If you had Kubuntu then the File manager would be Dolphin in which case you would use:

kdesu dolphin or kdesudo dolphin

Ubuntu / Mythbuntu / Edubuntu

If you had Ubuntu you would use Nautilus as the File Manager and then would use:

gksu nautilus or gksudo nautilus.

Lubuntu

If you had Lubuntu you would use PCManFM as the File Manager and then would use:

gksu pcmanfm or gksudo pcmanfm.


Where is the Nautilus/file sorting algorithm defined?

Prerequisites: First check that the locale of your language (in your case, the Japanese locale) is installed in your system, using the command:
$ grep -v '^#' /etc/locale.gen

If the Japanese locale (ja_JP.UTF8) is not listed, you have to add it to your system using:
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

Generally, sorting order is a system setting and is related to your current locale. You mentioned that you are using the "US-English" locale. I assume it is en_US.UTF-8 and probably this is the reason you see file names sorted in US sort order.
First, test from command line the following. Go to the directory containing your English and Japanese named files and enter the command:
$ LC_ALL=ja_JP.UTF8 ls

If this command displays the files in the order you want, then you may try Nautilus also with this command:
$ LC_ALL=ja_JP.UTF8 nautilus .

If you get an error message like:

... Locale not supported by C library. Using the fallback 'C' locale.

check once more:
$ grep -v '^#' /etc/locale.gen

to see which locales are enabled in your system. If the Japanese locale is not enabled, you have to add it to your system using:
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

Note: In the above commands (ls and nautilus) I have prefixed with an environment variable that with affect only that command invocation. If you want to change your locale permanently, you will have to change the "default locale" also with the sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales command.


ecrytfs - purpose of Private.sig and Private.mnt?

Private.mnt is a configuration file read by mount.ecryptfs_private at login that defines where your encrypted directory should be mounted.  If you've encrypted your home directory, this will be $HOME.  But some people choose to encrypt some other directory, perhaps a subset of $HOME, like $HOME/Private.

Private.sig contains "signatures" or "hashes" of your encryption keys.  These are used as "handles" to identify the keys in use.  It provides a safe, secure mechanism for eCryptfs to determine if you're using the correct key or not.

Both of these are absolutely required and eCryptfs will NOT function properly with out them!!!

Full disclosure: I'm one of the authors and maintainers of eCryptfs.


Can't install Ubuntu 12.04 over Windows. Youtube video showing problem

Perhaps that could be if its not able to detect your Windows.
Try to reboot the Live DVD and see if the option is available or not.
If its not, then-

If you want to replace Windows 7 by Ubuntu and dont have any data on the drive then you could use the option-

Erase everthing and install

Otherwise if you have a data partition, you will need to select the option

Something Else

for Custom Partitioning

if you choose custom partitioning-

Basic Partition Setup

Ubuntu basically needs just 2 partitions for installation:
    / partition (System), Mount Point '/', which holds all the base install. File system ext3/ext4, (ext4 is the default since 10.04 Lucid Lynx) and recommended minimum size is 8 GB.
Make it 30gb-50gb

Swap partition (Virtual RAM), mount point 'Swap'. If you intend to hibernate/suspend your Ubuntu install, size should be 2 X RAM or at least equal to RAM. If you've got large amounts of RAM say 2GB or more and don't want to hibernate/suspend, you can survive without a Swap partition but that is not recommended in most cases.

Make it 2gb- 4gb

Thats it.

If you have any queries please let us know.


Nothing has happened to su. su [<username>] has always required you to know the password of the account you're trying to access. If you don't provide a username, it assumes you know the root account password.

And Ubuntu hasn't set root passwords for years.

If you're in the sudo/admin group, and can run sudo (which is what you might be confused with) you can run:

sudo -i

When prompted, you should enter your password.

I'd thoroughly discourage you from setting a root password. While that would technically allow you to su, root doesn't have a password for a reason (to stop things brute forcing it directly) so you'd be undoing that for no good reason.


Press and hold the alt-key while right-clicking. Or sometimes you have to press super+alt instead. It's supposed to be only alt.

This is new in Gnome Panel 3. Similarly, to drag panel applets around, press alt and middle-click.


Sorry friends it's my fault, the problem was with the hdd and it wasn't detected in my bios but its really working now after I reinstalled in motherboard. I doubted so when I tried to install Ubuntu from live disk then it showed I don't have enough space. I was confirmed after checking it out in bios. Feeling relaxed. Thanks everyone.


If i buy something on xubuntu software store can i download later across my account?

No , you do not need to purchase it again. You can restore your purchase with the same account you used to purchase the application.


How can I download play counts from LastFM to Banshee 2.6.1 on Ubuntu 13.04

This was solved by the following steps:

Googled "install module cpan".

Followed instructions to install "cpan App::cpanminus".

Then installed modules using "cpanm Module::Name" by running the banhsee script, and catching the errors for each missing module.

Then used the script like this:

./banshee-lastfm-sync --key=b25b959554ed76058ac220b7b2e0a026 --username=xxxxx --db=/home/xxxxx/.config/banshee-1/banshee.db"

The key came from the script. I don't know why it was needed.


Even after update node -v shows older version

This command change default alias to your version: nvm alias default 10.16


How can I remove Amazon search results from the dash or disable the feature?

Click on the Ubuntu button, search for "Privacy" and then turn off "Include online results" :

You can also remove it entirely by clicking on this button, then the orange "Available on the Ubuntu Software Center" button and selecting uninstall:

or via the command line

sudo apt-get remove unity-lens-shopping

You then need to log out and back in.

Another option would be to move the lens entirely out of the home dash and make it a standalone lens:

How can I move Amazon search results into a dedicated shopping lens and out of the home lens?
I have permanent connections to Canonical servers, what are they for and how can I turn them off?


Been dealing with a blank screen right after boot on the same cause for days (different versions of Ubuntu-Kubuntu-LinuxMint-CentOS (both 32 and 64 bits), until I read a post on Reddit and passed this kernel parameter at boot time:

amdgpu.dc=0

My box is an A8-7680 with R7 (Wani), MSI A68HM-E33V2. Worked for me, hope it works for you!


It's very easy to do this, don't worry.

Navigate to the folder where your backups are
CTRL + A To select all files
DELETE To delete all files

A couple of observations about the files in the backup folder, in case you don't want to delete all backups:

All files can be identified as part of a full or incremental backup. Look for 'duplicity-full...' or 'duplicity-inc...' at the beginning of the file names, where the arrows are pointing in the image above.

All files can be identified by creation date in the filename, like the highlight at top left. The format is YYYY/MM/DD.

Most files in the backup directory will be simple archive files, like in the top row of the screenshot. Highlighted in the middle and bottom rows are the other two files created per backup, 'signatures' and 'manifest'. For each backup you will have many files like in the top row, and one each like in the middle and bottom row.

To delete a specific backup identify all files by date in the filename. When working in a directory deleting things, make sure you have at least one more copy elsewhere, in case you delete the wrong thing by accident.


You would not even need to use csv.reader() for doing this. Here is an example (working in python 3.6) how to do it without, just using the python built-in functions and the sys library for parsing the command line. So here's example one without the csv library, lets call it search_basic.py:

#!/usr/bin/env python3.6

from sys import argv

def parse_files(name_1, name_2):
    """Opens two files and checks if pos #6 in each row of file 1 is present in file2 via simple build-ins"""
    try:
        with open(file=name_1) as file_1, open(file=name_2) as file_2:
                data_1 = file_1.readlines()
                data_2 = file_2.readlines()
                mapping = {
                    row.strip('\n').split('|')[-1]: row.strip('\n').split('|')
                    for row in data_2
                }
                for row in data_1:
                    last_column = row.strip('\n').split('|')[-1]
                    if last_column in mapping:
                        print(f'{last_column} found in {mapping[last_column]}')
                    else:
                        print(f'{last_column} not found, doing other operation')
    except FileNotFoundError as error:
        print('{}'.format(error))
        exit(1)
    else:
        return

if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(argv) <= 1:
        print('No parameters given...')
        exit(1)
    elif len(argv) == 2:
        print('Only one file was given...')
        exit(1)
    else:
        parse_files(argv[1], argv[2])
        exit(0)

But if you insist on using the csv library here's example (working in python 3.6) two doing it with csv.reader(), let's call it search_csv.py:

#!/usr/bin/env python3.6

import csv
from sys import argv

def parse_files(name_1, name_2):
    """Opens two files and checks if pos #6 in each row of file 1 is present in file2 via simple build-ins"""
    try:
        with open(file=name_1) as file_1, open(file=name_2) as file_2:
            mapping = {
                row[-1]: row
                for row in csv.reader(file_2, delimiter='|')
            }

            for row in csv.reader(file_1, delimiter='|'):
                last_column = row[-1]
                if last_column in mapping:
                    print(f'{last_column} found in {mapping[last_column]}')
                else:
                    print(f'{last_column} not found, doing other operation')
    except FileNotFoundError as error:
        print('{}'.format(error))
        exit(1)
    else:
        return

if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(argv) <= 1:
        print('No parameters given...')
        exit(1)
    elif len(argv) == 2:
        print('Only one file was given...')
        exit(1)
    else:
        parse_files(argv[1], argv[2])
        exit(0)

Of course you need to chmod both files to allow execution:

chmod 755 search_basic.py
chmod 755 search_csv.py

Given your above file1 and file2, both produce the same output with the line ./search_basic.py file1 file2 (or respective ./search_csv.py file1 file2):

25353gb1FAa8 found in ['367536', '163226', '163226', '5007632889', '9', '163226', '2017-11-15 20:37:02.034', '2017-11-28 20:55:24.891', 'STB', '25353gb1FAa8', '25353gb1FAa8']
255411429E02 not found, doing other operation
375g1043DC92 found in ['274451', '24575', '24575', '3872531727', '23', '24575', '2017-11-08 11:43:21.15', '2017-11-25 16:30:21.061', 'STB', '375g1043DC92', '375g1043DC92']
07k9975cad1e not found, doing other operation


Once you launch VLC press Ctrl+P. This should open the Preferences window for you. Now select the Video tab and under Display section disable/de-select "Accelerated video output (Overlay)", this should fix the problem for you.
JFYI, this happens because you may not have the exact required driver for your graphics card which in some cases gets fixed with an update or else requires you to install one of the propriety drivers available by the vendor of your video card.


Android virtual device "no such file" launching problem

If you are running 64bit you need to install ia32-libs:

sudo apt-get install ia32-libs


Can I do Android Development in Ubuntu without Eclipse?

You can totally code Android apps in your favourite text editor and build them from command line, but, seriously, don't expect it to be less confusing then coding in Eclipse.


How can I tell which DNS servers DNSMasq is using?

You can find the DNS servers with the NetworkManagerCLI (nmcli) tool:

nmcli dev show | grep DNS
IP4.DNS[1]:                             172.22.216.251
IP6.DNS[1]:                             2a01:4f0:400c:1::1

Ubuntu 14.04 and older

The command is slightly different in older (<15.04) versions of Ubuntu:

> nmcli dev list | grep DNS
IP4.DNS[1]:                             172.22.216.251
IP6.DNS[1]:                             2a01:4f0:400c:1::1


Cursor alignment off in tab menu in browsers, terminal, text editor and thunderbird in 14.04

I've noticed this too. Minimising and then maximising the window seems to solve the issue.


What does the -rd option mean in the cp command?

The order does not matter - you can give the options in any order

This combination will copy directories recursively (including all the contents) and copy symlinks as symlinks instead of copying the files they point to.

-d is only needed when using -r : it is used to override the default behaviour, which is not to follow symlinks when copying recursively

from info cp

  ‘-r’ ‘--recursive’
       Copy directories recursively.  By default, do not follow symbolic
       links in the source unless used together with the ‘--link’ (‘-l’)
       option; see the ‘--archive’ (‘-a’), ‘-d’, ‘--dereference’ (‘-L’),
       ‘--no-dereference’ (‘-P’), and ‘-H’ options.

  ‘-d’
       Copy symbolic links as symbolic links rather than copying the files
       that they point to, and preserve hard links between source files in
       the copies.  Equivalent to ‘--no-dereference --preserve=links’.


if [ "$VAR1"| cut -c 7-18 = "GHIJKLMN.csv" ]; then

What this does is execute [ "$VAR1" and pipe the output to cut -c 7-18 = "GHIJKLMN.csv" ]. [ will fail because it requires its last argument to be ], and cut will fail because probably neither = nor ] are files.

I'm going to guess what you wanted was:

if [ "$(echo "$VAR1" | cut -c 7-18)" = "GHIJKLMN.csv" ]; then

Notice how I wrap the command in "$()". That causes it to execute and substitute its place with the output. Quotes are important, so the output is not split into multiple arguments for [.

Following what I believe to be best practices for bash, I would recommend doing this, instead:

if [[ "$(cut -c 7-18 <<< "$VAR1")" = "GHIJKLMN.csv" ]]; then

This avoids special interpretation of $VAR1 by echo (depending on content, it might mistake it for options), and calling 2 needless executables, [ and echo. Something special to note here is that you don't really need any of the quotes I used. [[ is a special syntax of bash, and even if the substitution had spaces, bash would not word-split it. It would also not split what was given to <<<.  GHIJKLMN.csv does not have any whitespace or special characters, so it would also be fine. When in doubt though, it's a good habit to quote everything.

You could've also skipped the call to cut by doing this:

if [[ "${VAR1:6:12}" = "GHIJKLMN.csv" ]]; then

Now, everything is done in bash without executing any other program. In this syntax, instead of giving the range of characters you want like you did to cut, you provide the 0-based offset to the first character and the number of characters you want. That's 7 - 1 because cut's indices start with 1, and 12 because the range 7-18 is inclusive, so 18 - 7 + 1.

I just saw, your $VAR1 is "ABCDEFGHIJKLMN.csv". Since you cut to the end, you don't really need to specify the count:

if [[ "${VAR1:6}" = "GHIJKLMN.csv" ]]; then


cat /sys/kernel/debug/dri/0/i915_display_info: Operation not permitted

Use these steps:

sudo -i, then run
cat /sys/kernel/debug/dri/0/i915_display_info

Switch to root with sudo -i then run that cat command and you should get the info your looking for!


How to convert Makefile.am to Makefile.in?

At first please note that GNU Plot is packaged in all Ubuntu versions:

But you can compile GNU Plot from GitHub by using the followed procedure:

Enable Source code repositories in Software & Updates (software-properties-gtk) and install compile-time dependencies to be completely sure that all dependencies are satisfied on compile time

sudo apt-get build-dep gnuplot

Install needed tools

sudo apt-get install git lua5.1

Clone repository and run ./prepare script first (!!! important step !!!)

git clone https://github.com/gnuplot/gnuplot.git
cd gnuplot
./prepare

Then run all usual tools:

./configure
make
#make check # shows various very beautiful plots
sudo make install

Note: it is better to use Checkinstall (sudo make checkinstall install) in last step, decide by yourself.


Have problem after install nvidia 352 driver

Follow this post to get into recovery mode:

How do I boot into recovery mode?

In essence:

Switch on your computer.
Wait until the BIOS has finished loading, or has almost finished. (During this time you will probably see a logo of your computer manufacturer.)
Quickly press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up the GNU GRUB menu. (If you see the Ubuntu logo, you've missed the point where you can enter the GRUB menu.) **
Select the line which starts with "Advanced options". *
Select the line ending with "(recovery mode)"

And then remove all NVIDIA propietary drivers following this other post:

How can I uninstall a nvidia driver completely ?

Summary:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
echo 'nouveau' | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

Reboot your system.

EDIT

Perform additionally these 2 steps to reconfigure X with the nouveau driver:

sudo apt-get install nouveau-firmware
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

and reboot!


I deinstalled backlight and using te command:

sudo bash -c "echo 1 > /sys/class/backlight/apple_backlight/brightness;

to set baklight to "1". I can use a integer in the range 1 to 15.


Getting MSI GT70 GT60 ONC LEDs on SteelSeries keyboard working?

Was looking for this myself and stumbled upon this link. Before following those instructions though, make sure you have run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git

Depending on your Node.js installation, use either:

sudo nodejs server.js

Or if you installed Node.js from source:

sudo node server.js

This works on my MSI GT60-2OC. It is a little cumbersome to configure, but not too bad once you get it set up. After getting it running, you can create different files for different lighting options. All of the options are described here.

EDIT: Discovered something new. I believe the quickbar is controlled by the UEFI bios. Originally I wasn't using UEFI in 13.04 and the bar didn't work at all. Now I am using UEFI in 14.04 and I can use some of the buttons including the keyboard backlight button. Using the button cycles between on/game mode/off for me. Using this nodejs program will save the setting you choose and the button will work for that profile until you change it again with nodejs.


How to remove the first key of JSON file?

Load json data as python dictionary and pop the specific key

#!/usr/bin/env python
import json,sys

with open(sys.argv[1]) as f:
    for line in f:
        data=json.loads(line)
        data.pop('url')
        json.dump(data,sys.stdout)
        print("")

Test:

$ cat input.txt
{"url":"example.com","text":"blah...blah"}
{"url":"anotherexample.com","text":"blah...blah"}
$ ./pop_json_item.py input.txt
{"text": "blah...blah"}
{"text": "blah...blah"}


Passwords in the Password/Encryption Keys program

You can lock the passwords:

open seahorse
Right click on Passwords and choose lock

Always lock your Computer when leaving the Desk!

Seahorse is the tool to manage keys and passwords:
to the seahorse manual


Successfully Set up MythTv as PVR with EPG on Ubuntu

In mythtv-setup for IPTV one can select IPTV recorder as TV-card, and configure it with the m3u URL.
Once you have done that, you have to configure a Video Source. There you choose a 'grabber', which is the mythtv equivalent of the epg source. With my fresh installed Ubuntu 18.04 and a recent Mythtv, the choices in the grabbers are meager.

To get some more xmltv-grabbers, see: https://www.mythtv.org/wiki/XMLTV#Introduction

After installing the additional grabbers, you can select the one you like in mythtv-setup. That one needs some configuration too, just selecting it will not do. The configuration is a bit tedious, for every channel you have to choose to include it or not. But after including some of them, entering 'none' will exclude the rest. Then run mythfilldatabase and see what happens.

I hope this helps (a bit).


How to run 'primusrun' command with Steam for Wndows games on Wine

You may have a Steam shortcut on your desktop. If so, you can right click on that shortcut, select Properties, and modify the command to include primusrun. You should insert it just before the wine command, with a space to either side of primusrun


Have a new Dell Inspiron 15 with Ubuntu 14.14LTS but have massive technical problems

1) Don't panic

2) Download the 14.04 ISO from here: http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso

3) Burn it to a blank DVD or to a USB stick.

4) Boot the computer from media you just created.

5) Install it using the option to wipe the HDD.


I know you posted this back in May, but I found some stuff that might help anyone looking at this article. I have the same exact problem, and I have not found a true fix for my symptoms yet, but I figured I would post some of my findings.

First, the trick with running some apt-get updates can be found here:link.

I modified mine a bit based on some other articles I read, and also because I encountered one error message with the cp command while trying to copy:

(This is assuming you did the first two steps from the link above and are running from a Live CD that you booted from)

sudo mkdir /media/precise
sudo mkdir /media/precise/proc /media/precise/dev /media/precise/etc
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /media/precise
sudo mount -o bind /proc /media/precise/proc
sudo mount -o bind /dev /media/precise/dev/
sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts /media/precise/dev/pts
sudo cp --remove-destination /etc/resolv.conf /media/precise/etc/resolv.conf
sudo chroot /media/precise apt-get update
sudo chroot /media/precise apt-get upgrade
sudo chroot /media/precise apt-get update --fix-missing
sudo chroot /media/precise dpkg --configure -a
sudo chroot /media/precise dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
sudo chroot /media/precise apt-get -f install

The reason I had to add the --remove-destination is because I was getting an error message that read something to the effect of:
cp: not writing through dangling symlink path/to/danling/symlink/a-file
(found the solution for that here: force cp to copy on dangling symlinks)

Secondly, it wasn't until the OS booted that the problem presented itself (hence why the Live Disk worked just fine). So, choosing different option in Grub was possible. I had gone back by two kernels and still had the problem.

Finally, while working on it with someone else at work, he had looked the computer the day before, and said that he booted back several kernels and got into command line, but not GUI. This was a great start because I had an Apache Web Server I needed to get up and available for people again ASAP. So, right now, the machine is running on an old kernel with a broken GUI but apparently working CLI and I am not sure what to do next. Try to remove the kernel? Remove and reinstall X? Not totally sure, but at least its a start, and maybe the link and code I listed above will be a fix for someone else with this problem.


How do I remove Windows but keep Ubuntu?

Assuming you have installed Ubuntu on a separate partition, all you have to do is remove your Windows partition and remove the Windows option from your GRUB boot menu.

Make sure your backups of your documents (and other important files, such as ebooks, videos, music, and so forth) are current. If you are going to expand the Ubuntu partition to take up the space freed by removing your Windows partition, then this is especially important, as there is always some risk (though small) of data loss when performing dynamic partition resizing. However, even if you are not planning to do this, unless you are highly experienced with repartitioning, there is a significant risk that you may make a mistake (you probably will not, but if you do, you want the consequences to be minimally bad).
Boot from an Ubuntu live CD/DVD or live USB flash drive (as it is not considered safe to edit a physical disk's partition table from within any of the operating systems installed on the physical disk). Select Try Ubuntu rather than Install Ubuntu.
Use GParted, the GNOME Partition Editor, to edit the partition table on the hard disk, removing the Windows system.

Start GParted (System > Administration > GParted, or if you're using a live system of Ubuntu 11.10 or later, press the Super, i.e., Windows key, type gparted, and click the search result that appears).
Select your Windows partition (it will be of type NTFS and will probably have a pale green border).
Delete it (Partition > Delete).
Optionally, resize your Ubuntu partition to take up the freed space. You may be able to do this by selecting it (it's of type ext4) and using Partition > Resize/Move. However, if it is contained in an extended partition (a kind of container partition for other partitions) and the Windows partition was not contained in the extended partition, then you may need to expand the extended partition first, and then expand the Ubuntu ext4 partition contained within it.
While this step is optional, the space that Windows occupied will not be available to your Ubuntu system if you skip it. (However, if you just want to use the space for storage, you could create a new partition for that purpose where your Windows partition used to be, instead of expanding Ubuntu's ext4 partition.)
Apply your changes (Edit > Apply All Operations).

Quit GParted and reboot (click the power icon at the upper-right corner of the screen and click Restart or Shut Down). Once you have booted back into the Ubuntu system installed on the hard drive, update your GRUB menu to remove the Windows option, by running sudo update-grub in a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T). When you run that command, you might be prompted for your password. As you enter it, you won't see any placeholder characters (like *). That's OK--just type it in and press enter. After you've run that command, Windows should no longer appear as an option to select in the boot menu.

However, unless your Windows partition is seriously damaged or infected with viruses, I wouldn't recommend removing it. Instead, shrink your Windows partition, leaving space for your data plus an extra gigabyte for virtual memory (the versions of GParted that come with all currently supported Ubuntu releases are able to resize NTFS partitions). You never know when you'll need to use an application that only works with Windows.


How can I use a pipe in a while condition?

To get the logic right, just minor changes are required.  Use:

while ! df | grep '/toBeMounted'
do
  sleep 2
done
echo -e '\a'Hey, I think you wanted to know that /toBeMounted is available finally.

Discussion

The corresponding code in the question was:

while df | grep -v '/toBeMounted'

The exit code of a pipeline is the exit code of the last command in the pipeline.  grep -v '/toBeMounted' will return true (code=0) if at least one line of input does not match /toBeMounted.  Thus, this tests whether there are other things mounted besides /toBeMounted.  This is not at all what you are looking for.

To use df and grep to test whether /toBeMounted is mounted, we need

df | grep '/toBeMounted'

This returns true if /toBeMounted is mounted.  What you actually need is the negation of this: you need a condition that is true if  /toBeMounted is not mounted.  To do that, we just need to use negation, denoted by !:

! df | grep '/toBeMounted'

And, this is what we use in the code above.

Documentation

From the Bash manual:

  The return status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last
  command,  unless  the  pipefail  option  is  enabled.  If pipefail is
  enabled, the pipeline's return status is the value of the last
  (rightmost) command to exit with a non-zero status, or zero if all
  commands exit successfully.  If the reserved  word  !   precedes  a
  pipeline, the exit status of that pipeline is the logical negation of
  the exit status as described  above.  The shell waits for all commands
  in the pipeline to terminate before returning a value.


FTP is probably the most convenient option.  If you are concerned about security, you can either

Set up FTP to require "FTP over explicit SSL/TLS" at the server
Set up a VPN and open your FTP server only to your VPN

The first of those two options is going to be the easiest.  It will be easy enough to instruct your friends of what settings to use in Filezilla to access the server.  Filezilla will try using Explicit FTP over TLS by default, so no additional configuration should be needed if they use Filezilla.

Another security tip: use very strong passwords for FTP, and only give your FTP server access to the specific files you want to share.


I am STILL having issues with GParted and partitioning this HDD

You cannot install windows on a computer that already has a non-Windows OS running and expect it to work (with notable exception of Apple's Boot Camp).

The best option IMO is that you get Windows working first by fixing the MBR. Looks like the MBR is hosed.

Once you can boot in Windows, you can reinstall Ubuntu and fix the partition issues.

Hope this helps.


KAZAM !

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:and471/kazam-daily-stable
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install kazam


Install Firefox v22 and Firefox Nightly without interference

http://www.webupd8.org/2011/05/install-firefox-nightly-from-ubuntu-ppa.html that should explain everything to know about installing firefox nightly(trunk) alongside Regualar without messing your stuff up, in ubuntu. hope this helps :)


I cant install skype, wine or play on linux

Had the same issue. I renamed the file to a .org at the end to keep the same name. then I reinstalled the ca-certificates package.

All looks good for now.


How to do a "silent movie", share audio from browser with multiple headphones?

I would suggest a purely hardware-based solution :)
Plug the audio output from your computer into a FM transmitter (they can be bought from audio outlets for a cheap price).
Tell the people to use the FM radio in their phones and tune to the frequency on which your FM transmitter operates.
The simpler the better :)


It's possible that each application may provide means to control the notifications you see.

When you right-click on the Dropbox icon, choose Preferences, Notifications. Adjust the settings there.

In the case of Yakuake, click on the downward pointing arrow in the lower right corner, see this illustration to open Main Menu and then on Configure Notifications and adjust what you want.

For Thunderbird, click on ≡ near the top-right corner, then on Preferences and choose Account Settings. In the left column of the window that appears, click on Server Settings and turn off Allow immediate server notifications ....

You can also tweak certain aspects of the on-screen notifications by running xfce4-notifyd-config because Lubuntu uses xfce4-notifyd. A window will appear that allows you to

choose from available themes
set the default position
the on-screen duration
set the transparency (if you have a compositing manager such as Compton installed)


This is what I had to install to get asp.net mvc working for widemargin.org
I recorded what I did here.

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-mono mono-apache-server4
sudo apt-get install apache2

The description on the mono-apache-server4 package is wrong. I have previously brought it to the attention on the #debian-cli guys but so far it hasn't been fixed.


Downgrade from PHP 5.5 to 5.3 on Ubuntu 14.04

You could go with Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid. Security support runs out for that in less than a year, but that should give you enough time to patch your PHP.

In my opinion using an Ubuntu-supported package is preferable to compiling from source, and 10.04 does happen to have the version you want as its official package.

Eventually you are going to have to patch your PHP code, however. It shouldn't be that difficult to bring it into compatibility with later PHP versions: all issues will be well documented online, and there will only be a small number of issues that would affect backward compatibility.  Older versions of PHP won't be supported forever and eventually you'll end up with security problems if you stick with PHP versions that are not officially supported.


Yes,you can be able to dual boot windows and Ubuntu by installing windows alongside Ubuntu.
Before installing windows,try to create a seperate primary partition having ntfs filesystem using Gparted Utility in Ubuntu.
After partitioning,try to make a bootable windows usb on Ubuntu through winusb.
Now boot from the windows live usb and then select custom option on installation startup to install windows on the created ntfs partition.


How do I crate a virtual ftp user with preseted password using ftpasswd and bash

I suggest you to use:

passwd="your_password"
echo $passwd | ftpasswd --stdin --passwd --name webftp --uid 33 --home /var/www --shell /bin/false

or

ftpasswd --stdin --passwd --name webftp --uid 33 --home /var/www --shell /bin/false < passwd.txt

where passwd.txt is a file that contain the password.

These because:

  [...] the --stdin option does not allow passwords to be passed to the script on the command line, but on stdin. This is done as a security measure: the standard Unix ps command can be used to show all the processes running on a system including their command line parameters. This means that any user could use ps to watch passwords given to ftpasswd, if those passwords were to be passed on the command line.

More about:

http://pl.digipedia.org/man/doc/view/ftpasswd.8/
http://www.proftpd.org/docs/utils/ftpasswd.html


Creation and deletion of a file at system level

You need to check the system calls that are associated with the relevant commands to get low level idea of whats happening.

The tool to trace system calls is strace.

For example if i run strace touch foobar.txt to check the system calls associated with creating an empty file using touch the most notable system call (along with others) is :

open("foobar.txt", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_NOCTTY|O_NONBLOCK, 0666) = 3

Now read man 2 open to get detail idea.

Similarly if you want to trace system calls for rm foobar.txt the important system call (along with others) would be :

unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, "foobar.txt", 0)     = 0

Now read man 2 unlinkat.

Also you can save the strace output to a file for future diagnosis by using -o option :

strace -o s_out.txt touch foobar.txt

You can also track only specific system calls :

strace -e open touch foobar.txt

Also check man strace.


It seems that at the point of execution, the variable is not defined; the script search for a file /bin/tools/RunFunctions/, not /opt/openfoam222/bin/tools/RunFunctions.

Notice that non-interactive shells does not load .bashrc by default, so the fact that the variable is defined when you use it in interactive is not a proof. Even if you are running the script from you shell, the variables are not exported to sub-shell by default, they need to be declared export to do that.

Try to add a line like

echo "DEBUG variable is $WM_PROJECT_DIR"

before the failing line in ./Allrun and check the output. If this is the problem, you should explicitly source the file in your script. Or add an

export WM_PROJECT_DIR

to pass it to subshells.

Added (after comments). Notice that you shouldn't explicitly source your .bashrc in your .profile (they have different meaning and the shell sources them in different occasions, see for example here.)

Scripts (non-interactive) should never rely on your login shell to run. If they need specific files/definitions, the should source them explicitly. For what you know, it could be called even from a different type of shell or from no shell at all.


"merging" multiple hardrives for Ubuntu 14.04 install

You could do it with LVM as documented here and here. But 14.04 now supports btrfs, so I would give that a try:

Make a partition on each disk to take up the free space
mkfs.btrfs -d single /dev/sdxx /dev/sdyy /dev/sdzz
If you want to check the filesystem, do mount /dev/sdxx /mnt; df -h; umount /mnt - df will show the total space of all three devices
In Ubuntu installer, select manual partitioning ("something else"), select your btrfs filesystem (any of the 3 devices), set type "btrfs" and mount point "/". Do not check the "format?" checkbox. Click "install now" - the installer will warn "The filesystem... has not been marked for formatting", just click continue.
Do the rest of the install as normal

For further details on this approach see Btrfs wiki - Using btrfs with multiple devices.


update-grub2 creates config for wrong boot hdd

From the sounds of it, grub is installed on a disk/partition that isn't set to boot.  Or it may be installed on multiple drives.

Run sudo fdisk -l to list all your partitions and see which one is set to boot.

You have 2 options.

1) You can change your BIOS boot order, so that your computer boots into the correct GRUB that Linux is using.
2) Or, you can install Grub to the correct drive that is set to boot first by doing sudo grub-install /dev/sdx where X is your drive that is set to boot in your BIOS.


Newer NVIDIA drivers are available in the X Updates PPA:

https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-x-swat/+archive/x-updates

You want to add ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates to your software sources to upgrade them, you can follow these instructions here:

What are PPAs and how do I use them?


Is there a way to feed commands to ubuntu at runtime?

The error message you displayed is not shown because some process is using sudo.

This indicates that you are doing some package management for your system (update, upgrade, install....)

So with regard to your demand I'm afraid to say for you that you can't do that in Linux, since the package management always demand the lock to disable other user of using the package management in the time another process is running.

Imagine for example:
user1 is updating the vim package whilst  user2 is removing the vim package.

How can you deal with this situation?!

For that and from the  basics of the package management I could say you can't do that.


Can I use juju with LXC in a non-local configuration?

Currently the LXC container provider is meant to be used on your local machine, like your laptop.

There currently is no way to do what you want with Juju and LXC, though it's a nice idea. I recommend filing a feature request bug on juju:

How do I report a bug?


Open a terminal and run:

sudo adduser ${USER} cdrom

Log out, then log in. If it was a permission related issue, this should fix it.

I can't remember for sure if this is the correct group that controls access to optical devices in Ubuntu but I think I'm close.

If it isn't a permission issue and you're 100% sure it isn't a wrong media you're using, please try to run k3b from the terminal by just typing

k3b

Many applications, including k3b, when run from the terminal print out verbose debugging information that's often very useful in figuring out what the problem is, if the application's UI isn't helpful in pointing out the problem.

If you manage to do that, please copy and paste the output from the terminal into your question.


How do I prevent immediate wake up from suspend and/or hibernation?

This problem was probably caused by strange USB signals. gedit /proc/acpi/wakeup showed me, that wakeup was enabled for USB0 and USB2.

sudo -s
echo USB0 > /proc/acpi/wakeup
echo USB2 > /proc/acpi/wakeup

switched them to disabled (checked by  gedit /proc/acpi/wakeup again or refreshing the file-view), and after that, the computer stays in suspend like it should. :-)


How to roll back to 14.04 intel drivers on 14.10?

Several solutions: (in order from best to worst)

When booting go into the grub menu, advanced options and boot into the previous kernel  that has the driver version you want and make this the default until your bug report is in the "released" state.
Restore your system backup of 14.04 LTS (Long Time Support, remember?  More stable, less problems, ... )
Have a look at http://www.ubuntuupdates.org/ppa/intel_linux_graphics

I use xorg/edgers from the same site and you'll have the latest and greatest drivers (with the possibility to roll back to earlier versions)
Manually download and install the 14.04 deb package and manually blacklist your 14.10 drivers.


it is possible to put ubuntu on my htc wildfire s? and how?

No,

Your phone does not meet the minimum specifications.
It currently only supports a limited number of devices, the
Galaxy Nexus, Nexus 4,7 and 10

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Install#Supported_devices_and_codenames


Ubuntu 19.04 temporarily freezes on writing to disk

Sorry, quite new to AskUbuntu, I've just learned (here) that it's a better option to share a command output with pastebin service.
Here you can find the dmesg output: https://pastebin.com/mD71Bs2z


Scrolling text appears to vibrate horizontally and to be drawn multiple times

I think you might want to try disabling display compositing. This link talks about it but for enabling it:

http://gamblisfx.com/how-to-enable-display-compositing-on-xubuntu-14-04/

Here are the steps to do it:

Menu
Settings
Window Manager Tweaks
Compositor Tab
Uncheck "Enable display compositing"


How to stop the icon jumping effect in kubuntu?

Application Launch Feedback

KDE Help Center - Launch Feedback:

  Sometimes it is reassuring to know that your computer didn't just
  ignore your command, and something is happening behind the scenes. In
  this module you can configure visible feedback to help you know if you
  really hit that icon or not.

  The traditional way to indicate that your computer is busy is to
  modify the cursor, and you can turn this on by choosing a Busy Cursor.
  With this option enabled, your cursor will have an icon attached to it
  for a short time, when a new application is being launched. You can
  configure how long this icon is displayed beside your cursor with the
  Startup indication timeout: spinbox. The default is 5 seconds.

  There are several variations of busy cursor available, including a
  Blinking Cursor, a Bouncing Cursor or a Passive Busy Cursor icon with
  no animation...

KDE System Settings > Personalization - Applications > Launch Feedback

As a single KDE control module

kcmshell5 kcmlaunch


PdfBox 2.0.0 write text at given postion in a page

Litttle late but its not allowed to use contentStream.lineTo(200,685) within a text block. You can use contentStream.newLineAtOffset(200, 685); and it will work.


Where can I get the latest Ubuntu Alpha or Beta?

Daily snapshots are always available here:

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/

This information will be useful to you:

How do I upgrade to the development release (aka. Ubuntu+1)?

Though it is an alpha/beta now don't run it on a machine you need to be working all the time.


The Unix character device /dev/ppp on the host is the way you can access the kernel module for ppp.ko. Therefore, you need to get LXD to link that character device into the LXD container. Here is how it's done:

$ lxc config device add mypptpcontainer mypppdevice unix-char source=/dev/ppp uid=0 gid=0 mode=0600

where:

mypptpcontainer is the name of your LXD container.
mypppdevice is just a name for this LXD device. Pick any name.
the rest specify the characteristics of the unix character device.


Ubuntu 20.04 - Slack (desktop version) notification sound not working?

I had exactly the same problem on Manjaro and finally solved it.  Are you using an HDMI audio device?
On my system, it seems when audio starts playing to my HDMI monitor, it takes a half second or so for the device to wake up and start playing.  I'm not really sure what causes it, but apparently all the Slack sounds are so short that the sound finishes before the device wakes up.
The tests all seemed to work though - I was usually doing the tests just after a notification sound failed to play, so the device was already awake at that point.  It seems to stay awake for a few minutes before suspending again.
I finally realized that if I play music on this device (which I never do since the HDMI speakers are terrible), that the Slack sounds work because the device is already awake.
My "fix" was to switch to a different set of speakers plugged into the analog audio output, now Slack sounds work fine.  If you're stuck on HDMI audio, maybe playing some inaudible noise will keep the sound device up?


Connecting FireWire scanner to Thunderbolt port

I got a Bumblebee2 camera (from PointGrey) with a Firewire 400 connector to work through a Firewire 800 to Thunderbolt Apple adapter. I connected the camera to the adapter through a Firewire 400 to Firewire 800 cable. Following the below steps solved my problem.

Installed the Firewire drivers
  sudo apt-get install libraw1394-11
added raw1394 to /etc/modules to force Linux to load the firewire kernel modules
Modified some udev rules using a script provided by PointGrey. You may want to do something similar with your scanner.
Restart the computer while the device is connected. Disconnecting and reconnecting the device still doesn't work.

Hope this helps.


What worked for me is putting the font files in ~/.local/share/fonts and then running,

$ sudo fc-cache -vf ~/.local/share/fonts

The fonts in ~/.local/share/fonts are available for all apps now.


How can I see the battery status of my Logitech wireless mouse?

From the CLI, UPower can do this:

$ upower --dump
Device: /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/mouse_0000o0000o0000x0000
  native-path:          /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-9/3-9.4/3-9.4:1.2/0000:0000:0000.0000/0000:0000:0000.0000
  vendor:               Logitech, Inc.
  model:                Anywhere MX
  serial:               00000000
  power supply:         no
  updated:              Sun 10 Jul 2016 04:47:36 AM EDT (84 seconds ago)
  has history:          yes
  has statistics:       no
  mouse
    present:             yes
    rechargeable:        yes
    state:               discharging
    warning-level:       none
    percentage:          95%
    icon-name:          'battery-full-symbolic'
[...]

From the GUI, mate-power-statistics (from the MATE Power Manager project) or gnome-power-statistics (from the GNOME Power Manager project) can do this.


This is a non-fatal fault at the repository end.  What you're seeing is a report that the repository's signature is less secure than it probably ought to be, but this won't prevent updates from downloading and installing.  The warning is provided so you can (in the case of a private repository, I presume) let the repo admins know they need to update their encryption and signatures.

I saw that warning every update for weeks concerning Firefox -- it seems to be corrected there now, but it appears you're seeing it on one or more of Canonical's repos.  My presumption is that they'll fix it soon, though with Precise Pangolin nearing end of life, that may be a reduced priority.


Unmet dependencies while adding right click "nautilus-refresh" in Ubuntu 14.04

Both packages are in the Ubuntu universe repository. Enable this repository in Software & Updates as per screen-shot below.

After that

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nautilus-refresh


How to map three finger swipe up to view all open windows

https://askubuntu.com/a/1044184/846886

The solution using fusuma works well (answered above).

First add yourself to the "input" group and log out/log back in:

sudo gpasswd -a $USER input

Install all pre-requisite packages:

sudo apt install libinput-tools xdotool ruby

Install fusuma gem:

sudo gem install fusuma

Create a configuration file as your user:

mkdir -p ~/.config/fusuma
gedit ~/.config/fusuma/config.yml

Paste the following as an example config:

swipe:
  3:
    left:
      command: 'xdotool key alt+Left'
    right:
      command: 'xdotool key alt+Right'
    up:
      command: 'xdotool key super+s'
    down:
      command: 'xdotool key super+l'
  4:
    left:
      command: 'xdotool key super+Left'
    right:
      command: 'xdotool key super+Right'
    up:
      command: 'xdotool key super+a'
    down:
      command: 'xdotool key super+s'
pinch:
  in:
    command: 'xdotool key ctrl+plus'
  out:
    command: 'xdotool key ctrl+minus'

threshold:
  swipe: 1
  pinch: 1

interval:
  swipe: 1
  pinch: 1

Enable fusuma to start automatically:

fusuma auto start

More at the fusuma github page


Trying to get Linux KDE working with steam(Chromebook OS & crouton)

As the wise elder mentioned, KDE is the desktop enviroment(DE), just like Unity, Gnome, Xfce4, Lxde, and more, are all DE's.

In short, you'll need to run the software store from inside the term using, "gksu," as opposed to "sudo." That will give you the permissions you seek. It's nothing you likely need to worry about, but be aware that there are disasterously vague consequences to running gksu that one should be made aware of. But, none of it concerns you...

Can you tell me what distro release you chose? Like, was it 14.04(Trusty), 16.04(Xenial), or something else? The two I named are stable releases, but you may have installed a non-stable release. Either way, KDE will work. That said,
what Chromebook are you using, what are the specs?
KDE is pretty, and mostly a very intuitive DE, with an almost Mac Os feel to it at times. Worth looking into, I'm actually putting the finishing touches on my KDE setup as I type this.

But, the pretty interface has a price, and many Chromebooks do not have the internals to efficiently run this DE. I'd say you're looking at the higher end of the Mid-range to the more premium Chromebooks.
I'm currently running Kubuntu KDE Framework, PLasma 5.11 on my Hp Chromebook 13 G1 w/intel core m7 and 16GB of ram.
These specs are absolutely not required,so I suppose I'm mostly just vamping.


compile a java program as different user

The problem with your script is that the su $USER line invokes a subshell and so the next command doesn't execute until that subshell is exited.

You probably want to do something more like:

USER=sameek
USERCMDS=/tmp/usercommands.$$
echo "JAVA_HOME=..." >>$USERCMDS
echo "PATH=\${JAVA_HOME}:\$PATH" >> $USERCMDS
echo "javac HelloWorld.java" >> $USERCMDS
chmod a+x $USERCMDS
su $USER -c $USERCMDS


module build failing with error "No rule to make target"

The error is telling you that you do not have a file drivers/md/bcache/alloc.o available to make, at a point where make is looking for it. Your path to file should normally look like ../drivers/md/bcache/alloc.o or even better you can add the exact directory using the -I argument to gcc.

For a full , less-ambiguous answer please add your MakeFile to your OP


Can't Purge X Updates PPA Because / is Treated as a Space?

I believe that's just a misleading error message. A quick glance at the source reveals that it's printing a space where we'd normally type a slash:

warn "Could not find package list for PPA: $PPAOWNER $PPANAME"

So why couldn't it find the package list?

I believe that part of the message is also misleading. You'll likely find that there are, in fact, valid package lists for the PPA in /var/lib/apt/lists/:

$ ls /var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_ubuntu-x-swat_x-updates_*_Packages
/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_ubuntu-x-swat_x-updates_ubuntu_dists_raring_main_binary-amd64_Packages
/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_ubuntu-x-swat_x-updates_ubuntu_dists_raring_main_binary-i386_Packages

The thing that's throwing off ppa-purge is that they're empty:

$ file /var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_ubuntu-x-swat_x-updates_*_Packages
/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_ubuntu-x-swat_x-updates_ubuntu_dists_raring_main_binary-amd64_Packages: empty
/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_ubuntu-x-swat_x-updates_ubuntu_dists_raring_main_binary-i386_Packages:  empty

It assumes that a repository will always contain packages, and that assumption doesn't hold true for ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates, which at the moment doesn't have any packages for Raring.

If you'd like to remove the PPA, you should be able to use apt-add-repository to remove it from the software sources.

It would also be courteous to let the developers of ppa-purge know about this exception so they can make it respond more helpfully in the future. You can open a bug report by running ubuntu-bug ppa-purge.


disk space wrongly displayed after installing LVM disk

You apparently only allocated 10gb to your root fs.  You can use pvs to see how much space lvm has allocated to volumes, and how much it has left, and lvextend to increase the size of a logical volume ( does not need to be unmounted ).  After increasing the size of the logical volume, you will need to tell the fs to use the new space.  Assuming you are using ext[234], you can do this with resize2fs, which also can expand without unmounting.

sudo lvextend -L 20g system/root
sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/system-root

Note that expanding the volume to use ALL of the unallocated space may not be such a great idea, since you won't have any left to add new volumes later, should you choose to do so, or make use of lvm snapshots.  You can reduce the size of the volume later to free up some space, but that requires the fs to be unmounted, thus you will need to boot the server from some other medium.


autojump bug - /usr/bin/env: ‘python333333’: No such file or directory

The first line of a script tells the computer what language it is written in. Following a suggestion at https://github.com/wting/autojump/issues/577, you are running a sed command designed to edit the first line of autojump from:
#!/usr/bin/env python

to:
#!/usr/bin/env python3

by appending a 3.  However, it wasn't designed to check it hadn't already been run, so it keeps adding more and more of them.
Only run it once.  However, changing the command from:
sed -i "s/\#\!\/usr\/bin\/env\ python/\#\!\/usr\/bin\/env\ python3/" ~/.autojump/bin/autojump

to:
sed -i "s/\#\!\/usr\/bin\/env\ python$/\#\!\/usr\/bin\/env\ python3/" ~/.autojump/bin/autojump

will ensure it only edits it once. The $ requires there is nothing already after the python.


How do you hide icons in the system tray in Ubuntu 14.04

I don't believe there is any way to hide indicator icons across the board - similar to what Microsoft Windows does.

Some applications which also have an associated indicator may have an option to show/hide their specific icon - such as Transmission or Remmina.


Create an Ubuntu LiveCD from this link:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCD

Boot into it. Use these commands to install boot-repair.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

The boot-repair window will open up. DON'T TOUCH ANY OF THE SETTINGS. Click Recommended Repair.Wait patiently for it to finish, it will take a couple of minutes.

When the process is done, copy the URL somewhere.

Reboot, and hope it works! :D

If it does, your GRUB may look a little different.

If it does not use the URL they gave you to get some more information, as per this link:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

Best of luck!!


How to reinstall or recover GRUB/MBR on an Intel Mac?

I would have simply not used grub for your windows/linux partition and gone with rEFit:

http://refit.sourceforge.net/

This would mean your windows partition would show up in a menu when first booting right next to mac osx and ubuntu.

To recover your current partition you should point the grub repair at the MBR (not GPT) and use the /boot/grub location. I don't know if you've installed the boot to sda or sda1 as the disk boot record seems more sensible in this case.

sudo grub-install --root-directory /media/ubuntu /dev/sda1


Unity7 and Gnome 3: How to disable "lock was blocked by an application", so that Gnome3 always locks the screen?

It's a known bug that has other Gnome 3 distros, perhaps it has bitten Ubuntu too...
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1369880


Unable to connect to HDMI on Ubuntu 18.04

I found a solution to this problem. I had installed Ubuntu 18.04 and so my laptop would often not wake-up or result in a blank screen after suspending it. Other users also reported a similar issue here. In order to resolve the suspend issue, I had set
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="nouveau.modeset=0" in the /etc/default/grub file.

However, setting this kernel parameter was causing a problem to detect external HDMI screen. After removing it and setting GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="", the Ubuntu seemed to detect and work fine with the external HDMI.


A few things, and a recommendation.

First, Firestarter isnt the firewall itself.  It is a graphical front-end to the iptables firewall that comes with ubuntu by default.  iptables will always run.  However, with Firestarter, when it closes, it clears out the iptables rules, which is why Firestarter needs to remain open for the firewall to work.

Secondly, this might be a bug in Firestarter itself, and you should file a bug as such.

Thirdly, Firestarter is not recommended for use anymore, due to it not having been updated in a while, since support for it has been dropped from Ubuntu developers.  Therefore, it is more strongly recommended to use ufw or gufw (gui frontend for ufw) in place of Firestarter, as that is updated actively, and is actively developed.  Like Firestarter, they work with the iptables backend.  They, however, leave the rules in place upon exit, so the firewall rules will still run, unlike with Firestarter.


PCSXR Emulator switching sound profiles in pulse audio

Ok so after some mucking around I got something that's working.
I've got some modified scripts and cores with retroarch that launches the script directly on my girlfriend's media computer I maintain for her, here's what I did.
In the i3 configuration file I set the profile in pulseaudio to default to her specified preferred audio output
exec pactl set-card-profile alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3 output:hdmi-stereo

I then added these launching in a bash script on psx launch to default back to her pulseaudio profile that gets launched by retro arch.
#!/bin/bash
antimicro --hidden --profile /home/USER/.config/antimicro/gaming.gamecontroller.amgp &
/home/USER/.config/retroarch/roms/audioworkaround.sh &
pcsx -nogui -cdfile "/home/USER/Documents/Emulation/Playstation/Crash Bandicoot 3/Crash Bandicoot - Warped (USA).bin"
/home/USER/.config/retroarch/roms/audioworkaround.sh &
antimicro --hidden --profile /home/USER/.config/antimicro/home.gamecontroller.amgp

It will go to my my audio work around script that sleeps for 6 seconds and switch to the profile on what I did in my i3 configuration file, thanks for some of the advice guys


Does the BIOS entry key work? If yes, try booting to an Ubuntu installer, and seeing if the arrow keys work. If not, use Ubuntu to change the GRUB settings.
If you can't get into BIOS, try a USB keyboard. AFAIK as long as they are plugged into the root hub GRUB recognizes them.
If all else fails, clear CMOS (Usually by connecting two pins on the motherboard, see motherboard docs) and see if it boots to external by default.

Hope this helps (this is my first answer on this community!)


How do I add printers from a windows print server

If I understand your question correctly, you are trying to connect to a printer on a Windows print server. To do this, you want to connect to your printer using a technology known as Samba.

Start the Printers application, and click the Add Printer button. In the window that appears, click the Network Printer tree and then the Windows Printer via SAMBA item.
In the entry box, type the name of the print server, a /, then the name of your printer, for example, SST-DC5/COPIER.

Then follow the instructions as if you were adding a regular printer.