With 16.04 my machine shuts down then restarts when battery level is critically low

I had the exact same problem a few months ago, I resolved it by installing : sudo apt-get install laptop-mode-tools. I'm not sure why it worked but I forgot to care

Other thing you could try is disabling the Wake-On-Lan feature of your motherboard, if the solution above doesn't do the trick.
To do this, you should get to your BIOS (Usually press F2 or DEL repeatedly while booting to enter BIOS) and search for Wake-On-Lan somewhere, and switch it off completely. It depends on the BIOS you've got so I can't lead you there.

Hope it helps!


import the Win7.vdi in virtualbox after I reinstall Ubuntu

Is it possible to do that?

Yes. After installing vbox you navigate to the container and select it.

  /home/VirtualBox VMs/Win7

/home/ should be for USERS only. Please store those containers in your user directory in /home/

===

  But the win7 can't start (I mean, stuck in the middle of booting).

That could be a setting in virtual box. Like too low video memory.


Installed ubuntu on an external can't boot to windows without it

GRUB was probably installed on the other HDD. To fix this your going to have to use a liveCD, either burned onto a USB or a disc.
Once your on a desktop run these commands in a terminal  to install boot-repair, A program meant to repair common GRUB issues.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Once installed type boot-repair and select the "recommended repair" option and attempt rebooting without the liveCD when it's finished.

That should fix it, If not report back here. Good luck!


After installing Ubuntu 13.04 blank screen "Missing operating system"

OK. Thought that the conversation was getting a little long, so to install via Terminal, type:

sudo apt-get install gparted

in to Terminal then

gparted

to run


Certain commands not working : make, wget - error message command not found

It must be due to the problem you have with the PATH. Easiest way to check it is by typing echo $PATH and post the output in here. If it's empty or incomplete then just type the following command in the terminal

export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin

This must solve most of the issue but if it doesn't try to reinstall tar , make and wget.


Copy File from HDFS to Local File System based on timestamp Using Shell Script

As per the above scenario to do this task, there are various ways, we can do this on the basis of timestamp or by keeping track of processed file in some log file

Here I am using the approach in that I will keep track of the name of the file which has been processed i.e. moved from HDFS to the local file system.

if I am running script first time, the file which is residing in HDFS will be moved to the Local file system and check whether the name of the file is present in Processedfile.txt or not. If it is not then file will be moved to the Local file system and make the entry in Processedfile.txt. If filename is present in Processedfile.txt than won't move to the local file system.

Code:

# Local file system location
path=/home/cloudera/test/

#processedfile.txt location
logpath=/home/cloudera/test/processedfile.txt

#HDFS file location
hdfspath=/user/test/

# to get list of files from HDFS dir
for filename in `hadoop fs -ls ${hdfspath}*|  awk '{print $NF}'  | tr '\n' ' '`
do

# get file name
    name=$(basename $filename)

# check filename is present in processedfile.txt or not
            if grep -Fxq $name $logpath;
        then
        echo $name is present in local file system
        else

#copy file from HDFS to Local File System.
          hadoop fs -copyToLocal $filename $path
          echo "$name" >> "$logpath"
        fi
done
echo prosessing completed


Ubuntu 13.04 64 Bits interface freezes when running videos on chrome, firefox and chromium

I installed flashplayer through synaptic on my Ubuntu 13.04 64 bit and installed flashplugin-installer, my firefox (version 22.0) also freeze for awhile everytime streaming from youtube, but chrome is working fine. Then I follow instruction below :
http://ubuntuguide.net/install-adobe-flash-plugin-in-ubuntu-12-04both-3264-bit
it work okay now, the freezing problem were gone !


Well, I went to 'Ubuntu Software' and uninstalled 'Gnome Calculator'. Now it doesn't say this standalone package is installed, and one of the menu shortcuts disappeared. But the other one is still there and I can use it.

I guess, 'gnome-calculator' was included by both standalone package and Gnome stack itself... Although it feels weird.


Ubuntu 16.04 installation stuck before installation starts

Found the answer to my question in this other question

Ubuntu 16.04 final not booting from stick: gfxboot.c32: not a COM32R image

Apparently the secrete was to TRY Ubuntu rather than install it, then from within the Try session actually install it.

This is quite a workaround, I'm curious as to what was actually happening  in the first place.


Added 2nd monitor, caused mouse and keyboard not to work and more

Solved: Turns out that only one of the 2 DVI ports on the card work with a DVI to VGA adapter for analog monitors—the 2nd DVI is DVI only.

I am using 2 analog monitors so I need to swap one out to true digital DVI.


As of late 2017:

Guest Mode was disabled by default after 16.04 due to AppArmor bugs and other problems. It's still in lightdm, as you discovered, but disabled.

The problem has worsened with 17.10's transition to Wayland, which has no provision for a guest session.

Ubuntu devs recently asked if Guest Sessions should be restored. The developers welcome community assistance to make that happen - there's more work than they can handle before 18.04.


Can't print correctly to Brother HL-2140 laser printer from Ubuntu 14.04

I have a HL-2240 and had a similar problem. Brother has an Install Tool here, you might have better luck selecting HL2170W instead of HL2140 though. The install directions pop up after you accept the EULA to download.


How to install usb-writer in ubuntu 14.04

You don't need special software for cloning SD.

Just use  dd command.

For example,

  dd if=/dev/sdcard1 of=/dev/sdcard2

Here if is the source SD where you clone from, of is the destination SD, where you clone to.

Originally answered in https://superuser.com/questions/517856/how-to-clone-micro-sd-card.


I would do as gyropyge suggested and try a boot-repair option first. It's possible that somehow your boot loader is not seeing the Ubuntu partition or loading it correctly.

Here is a link to the boot-repair-disk project on sourceforge: boot-repair-disk

Additionally, I would also suggest that you look into virtualization. For projects that require both Windows and Linux to be present, it is really useful to use a virtual machine. (You can emulate one from the other, but in my experience emulating Ubuntu from Windows is easier to do.)

Virtual Box


Anyone else still getting Chrome updates on 12.04 64-bit?

Chrome or Chromium do not support Ubuntu 12.04 any more.

It is not a kernel issue. It is a dependencies issue with the DE packages.


I think the problem has gone away now. At least it has not surfaced since last 5 restarts. It was solved by a combination of steps mentioned in the question and restarting at each step.


Cannot change the Ambiance theme in 17.10 with the Tweak tool

It seems that a lot of problems with 17.10 can be solved by choosing upon login Xorg instead of Wayland as "display server" (log out, click your username, then the gear button, choose Xorg). Before this not even Synaptic was working.

If one prefers Wayland, there are solutions under the linked question.


Ubuntu server 18.04 networking not getting dhcp or static not working

Netplan is very picky about the config, remember to add all the appropriate colons and square brackets like behind 'nameservers' and around the static ip. Also remember to sudo netplan generate and sudo netplan apply. This may also help: https://netplan.io/examples


Slow Performance after fixing Geforce driver problem

I've received an automatic update which includes a driver update for Geforece that initiated the problem from the first place. After this automatic update things turned to be as good as it was before the problem took place affecting the performance after being solved.


Can not install Ubuntu Touch on Nexus 10

Official support for the Nexus 10 has been dropped so the images on the server are pretty old, UBport has picked it up: https://devices.ubports.com/#/manta


My wireless mouse is not working after reboot on Ubuntu 14.04

I had many issues with 3.13 kernel. such as VMWare workstation kernel issues.
I recommend that you try the previous kernel 3.12X and see if that helps.


Show GRUB menu from the start on Ubuntu 13.04

You can't because the BIOS is the first software (also called firmware) executed by your computer and GRUB is called from the BIOS. If you don't want to see the BIOS console, use the quiet boot option in your BIOS options.
To see the BIOS options press F2, F8, F12 or Canc, depending on your BIOS version and model.
If the BIOS takes too much time you can disable the virus boot memory protection (leave it enabled if you use Windows or use the pc for production purposes) and the extra device checks.
Have a nice day.


.tar.gz file downloaded as HTML document, ASCII text

Your link is broken, use this command instead:

curl -O http://static.druid.io/artifacts/releases/druid-0.10.0-bin.tar.gz
tar -xzf druid-0.10.0-bin.tar.gz
cd druid-*

and follow other instructions.


Best practices for installing ubuntu alongside Windows 10

I have installed Windows alongside Linux a few dozen times now, sometimes I do it just for fun and, and I have had lots of bad breakings, so I know a thing or two about dual-booting, I will tell you exactly how I do it and you can try it yourself:

Note: I prefer very much to use software designed specifically for partitioning, the best I've tried is MiniTool Partition Wizard (Not a commercial :p)

Note: I only have installed legacy never UEFI.

Check windows partitions, there should be 3-5 partitions

~500mbs for boot *.
For windows *.
For all other stuff and is accessible on both Windows and Linux

  (could be removed and merged with win or lin partitions)

4-8GBs of SWAP space if you're running low on RAM (You can skip that)
For your favorite Linux distro (Pop_OS! is worth checking out :p) *

Splitting up your partitions is totally up to you and your needs, you could need not more than 20 Gbs for your Linux, and you could need up to 100Gbs or more, if you're newly getting into Linux then I recommend to provide 40-80Gbs depending on what you can provide.
After ensuring that your partitions are split and that you've got a free partition for your new OS, you plug in your Linux installer and restart.
After booting into the Linux installer you'll not be mistaken by instructions, you'll be asked for your internet if available, then if you'd like to install updates during or after installation, then you'll be asked how do you want your new OS installed, choices:

Erase everything and install myOS
Alongside windows
Something else

The first one seems obvious, it looks like the "DO NOT PRESS THIS" button, Anyway, we will go to partitioning our hard drive ourselves but choosing Something else, don't worry we've already done everything, now we will only choose the largest empty partition and open that.

Set the Use as to Ext4 journaling filesystem and the Mount point to /
Hit Ok, take a look, check that everything is cool, mostly this is where I take half a minute just staring at the screen because once we hit next there's no turning back.
Hit next, confirm the two windows that pop up next and the installation have started.
Once it's finished you can type in your new username and password and voila, you've got dual-boot


UEFI mode problem with windows 8 on sony vaio

You may have a similar VAIO to what I have. If you have a partial SSD, then your hard drive is setup as a FakeRAID 0 and Ubuntu doesn't support it. You'll have to fully wipe your hard drive and start over with whichever OS(s) you want.
You still have to disable Secure Boot and enable Legacy Boot, but once you have a hard drive in there that Ubuntu can read, you'll be fine.
Sony has a weird BIOS setup that won't even read the Win8 OS when you enable Legacy Boot. My wife won't let me wipe this PC, so I just run Ubuntu as a Virtual Machine using VMware Player.... Worked for months trying to get around this.... Hope this helps.


You can download Chrome 51 form the link and its download an deb file.

So open it via Ubuntu Software Center and install it.

Update 2018-05-21

use

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Problem after Ubuntu 16.04 updated to nvidia driver 375.66

I have found the solution. Instead of deleting my question, I post the solution because it could be helpful for other people. The cause of the problem is that I have to use several versions of gcc. I came back to version 5 using the command

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-5 100
--slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-5 --slave /usr/bin/gcov gcov /usr/bin/gcov-5

and the new driver installs smoothly.


Logitech update stuck in Ubuntu store update page

Information about this update can be seen at https://community.logitech.com/s/question/0D531000055gw8YCAQ/logitech-response-to-unifying-receiver-research-findings. It resolves a firmware issue that could allow a hacker access to your computer.

However, the update requires a Windows computer to install it, so I don't understand why it's appearing in the (Linux) Software Store. If you don't have a Logitech Unifying Receiver, ignore it. If you do have one, download the update in Windows and apply it.


Ubuntu 14.04 or Ubuntu 16.04 64-bit should run OK on your hardware, so there is no point in reinstalling a 32-bit operating system on your Dell Inspiron 1525 laptop. For more information about system requirements see the accepted answer to How do I find out which version and derivative of Ubuntu is right for my hardware in terms of minimal system requirements?.


How do I install Insight Debugger on ubuntu 15.10 64 bit

Thanks everybody for helping me on this problem. I think I found a solution for this error.
Thanks "fkraiem" for giving the hint.
This is my solution

First of all I backed up the files insight trying to overwrite
(this should be done as root)

su
mv /usr/lib/libinproctrace.so /home/(usrname)/Desktop/libinproctrace.so
mv /usr/bin/gdb-add-index /home/(username)/Desktop/gdb-add-index

Then I removed gdbserver which owns the file /usr/liblibinproctrace.so:

sudo apt-get remove gdbserver

But the insight tried to replace file /usr/bin/gdb-add-index belonging to gdb. So I removed gdb too:

sudo apt-get remove gdb

then I installed insight

sudo apt-get install insight

It successfully executed but I can't use insight because I removed gdb so I had to re-install gdb but I can't do it because now gdb is trying to replace those 2 files now belonging to insight. So I deleted them (it's OK because I backed up original files) (as root) and then I installed gdb:

rm /usr/bin/gdb-add-index /usr/lib/libinproctrace.so
sudo apt-get install gdb

It was successful. Check if gdb-add-index & libinproctrace.so exist in their default folders. If not, copy the backed up files.

Finally,

su
gedit /usr/bin/gdb-add-index

and add this snippet to file and save

gdb --batch-silent -ex "file $file" -ex "save gdb-index $dir"

if test -f "${file}.gdb-index"; then
   objcopy --add-section .gdb_index="${file}.gdb-index" --set-section-flags .gdb_index=readonly "$file" "$file"
    rm -f "${file}.gdb-index"
fi

*This snippet was the gdb-add-index installed by insight. I don't know what it do but I copied it into the gdb's gdb-add-index.


Start banshee two times from the command line with --disable-dbus option. It should work.


You shouldn't need to do any of that, Ubuntu by default has a very sensible firewall configuration. The CUPS server only is used when printing jobs occur, personally I wouldn't suggest removing that. Pulseaudio is your audio frontend, without it you cannot hear anything. Removing Transmission should be fine, and I don't think Telnet is automatically installed, but don't quote me.

If you're really concerned about your security, checking out the psad and fwsnort programs in your apt repos should help provide defense. For Firefox, I'd use the default privacy tools alongside uBlock Origin and Privacy Badger. uBlock is widely used and Privacy Badger is made by the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a reputable company.


Ubuntu 20.04. Canon MX870 error connecting to device

Updating "GutenPrint" solved the issue for me. Also if one of the cartridges is empty there is no printing in Ubuntu, other than in Windows.


why sudo gem install fails but gem install succeeds?

Because you have to use sudo to run those commands which are located in /sbin. It might be possible that gem command is not located in /sbin directory.. Run this command to know the entries of gem:

    sudo dpkg -L gem


You need to setup your ubuntu box as router / proxy / transparent proxy. For best results your box need two network interface cards (nic). In such configuration all systems which should be monitored are behind the nic1 of your box and all traffic flows through your box. Your box monitors the traffic and forwards it through nic2 to the router to the internet.

It is a complex szenario which goes beyond the scope this answer and maybe of  this site. You get more detailed information on sites with tutorials to squid transparent proxy configurations. Good search terms are:

howto squid transparent proxy https

Some sites I found are superuser, serverfault, ubuntuserverguide and Robert's.

I don't reviewed those sides, so I can't state how useful the informations/tutorials are.


Byobu: open different tabs in different windows of the same session

Great question!

This isn't directly possible, due to the way Tmux works, from a client-server perspective.

Nonetheless, there is a viable workaround...  Basically, you just need to have separate sessions.  Byobu makes this easy and convenient through a couple of keybindings.

F2 creates new windows
Alt-Left and Alt-Right moves back and forth between them
Ctrl-F2 creates a vertical splits
Shift-F2 creates horizontal splits
Shift-Up, -Down, -Left, -Right, move around the splits
Ctrl-Shift-F2 creates a new session
Alt-Up and Alt-Down moves between sessions

The latter two should solve your problem!

Full disclosure: Author and maintainer of Byobu here


The version of Ubuntu in that article is outdated. In newer versions of Ubuntu, (11.04 and onwards) Unity is the default (pre-installed) DE.

How to access an application with the dash:

Click on the dash (it looks like an Ubuntu logo).
Click on the applications button. In older versions of Ubuntu, such as 12.04 like you're using, there is simply a drop-down menu.
Click on which application you want to launch (in this case, Brasero). You may also type in what you're looking for, and the Dash will bring up relevant results.

As for Checksums in Brasero, you may disable the feature by naviagating to Edit -> Plugins, then un-checking the File Checksum option.


Green screen on totem when playing mp4 files

That link is about some odd looking fix for Ubuntu 12.x, I think it might even be detrimental on Ubuntu 14.04 (I did not have to do such a thing).

MP4 is the container, check what codec it uses by right clicking -> Properties -> Audio/Video tab: Check container and Video codec

I usually use VLC, which can play most formats out of the box, but I just tried to play an MP4 with Quicktime container and H.264 video codec with Totem. A pop-up told me to install gstreamer1.0-libav and some i386 packages, which must be an error (this is a 64 bit platform I'm working on).

Solution: Plugins

Make sure you have the following packages installed: gstreamer1.0-libav, gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad, gstreamer1.0-plugins-good -- should be installed already and optionally gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly

If that doesn't work, post the container format, audio and video codec and we'll see. Or use VLC ^^

Solution: Different output channel

If missing decoder plugins aren't the cause, you can install the gnome-media package to run gstreamer-properties, where you can test the output and change the output plugin (X Window System (no XV) seems to solve this issue for some people.

"Solution": VMware player

Since you said you're running Ubuntu in a VMware player instance: There might be some issues with that (see here).

I don't know a fix for that, but using VLC instead seems to work. Or switching to VirtualBox.


Likely not. If the installation was interrupted, there could be corrupted files and all sorts of other problems.

Burn an Ubuntu 16.04 ISO file to a USB flash drive using Rosa Image Writer.

Boot from the USB drive, mount your old partition (it should appear as a drive you can click on in the file manager) and make backups of all your important files. Then do a fresh install with Ubuntu 16.04.


You can find help on how to enable Numlock in various different ways during a system startup here.


No internet after 16.04 LTS 18.04.01 upgrade

During our long chat, we determined that you were connected to the internet; we showed it with:

ping -c3 8.8.8.8

...which succeeded. However, pings to www.ubuntu.com did not succeed. This pointed to a problem with DNS nameserver resolution. We ran:

ls -al /etc/resolv.conf

Your result was:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Sep 1 22:07 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf

In your case, resolv.conf was not pointing to systemd as expected. Therefore, we removed and recreated the link:

sudo rm -f /etc/resolv.conf
ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

Upon reboot, the computer connected and was able to ping names and numbers with no difficulty.

I also recommended a full update and upgrade; about 1700 packages were upgraded.

I'm glad it's now working as expected.


A):

Your .conkyrc states own_window yes. This means that conky has it's own window. By stating own_window_type normal the window is being told to act "normally". Thus the conky-window will as well as any other window minimize when the "Show desktop" option is used.

B):

What would keep conky in its place is changing own_window_type normal to own_window_type dock. The drawback of this method is having to place conky on the right spot on your desktop again using gap x and gap y. Gap x is now counted from the left side of the desktop edge instead of the right side. Gap y is still counted from above. So suppose your screen resolution is 1440x900 and gap x used to be 2 and conky maximum with is 300, the new gap x would be 1440-300-2=1138

C):

In addition, to entirely lose any visible dock borders change the line own_window_transparent yes with the lines: own_window_argb_visual yes and own_window_argb_value 0. If own_window_argb_value is set to 255 the conky window will have no transparency and be black.

For further configuration settings:

http://conky.sourceforge.net/config_settings.html


Why is my local drive are mounted has root?

I found the right way on a microsoft devblog post, I share it for future me and future you!

Long answer:

https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/chmod-chown-wsl-improvements/

Quick answer:

Get your UID:
id -u username

Get your GID:
id -g username

Unmount actual C drive (can be replaced by the letter of your choice):
sudo umount /mnt/c

Mount back with the right permission:
sudo mount -t drvfs C: /mnt/c -o metadata,uid=<YOUR UID>,gid=<YOUR GID>


Frames around menus in GTK3 apps - compton

It seems I did something wrong when trying the first of the aboveposted solutions. It works now!

So, what you need to do is:

edit the file ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css (if it doesn't exist, create it).

In it, paste:

.window-frame, .window-frame:backdrop {
 box-shadow: 0 0 0 black;
 border-style: none;
 margin: 0;
 border-radius: 0;
}

.titlebar {
 border-radius: 0;
}

Voila, the annoying glassed frames should be gone, and compton should render some nice eyecandy without glitches.


Auto select "Try Ubuntu 16.04" in uefi mode

Answering your question about auto-selecting 'Try Ubuntu'

The Ubuntu live system boots via grub in UEFI mode. So you should edit the the grub configuration file(s). This file may be in different locations depending on how you created the boot drive.

If created by an extracting tool (for example Rufus), there is probably one partition with a FAT32 file system in the USB pendrive, and the file is located at

boot/grub/grub.cfg

in this FAT32 file system.

If it is a live-only system, you must probably boot from another drive to edit the file, because the file system is mounted read-only, but if it is a persistent live system, you should be able to edit the file, also when booted from the system itself.
If a persistent live system created by mkusb, you should edit the file grub.cfg, that you find in the third partition labeled 'usbboot' in the USB pendrive.

sudo lsblk -f
sudo lsblk -m

Identify the device letter x and mount the partition,

sudo mount /dev/sdx3 /mnt

for example b

sudo mount /dev/sdb3 /mnt

list the file

ls -l /mnt/boot/grub/grub.cfg

and edit the file

nano /mnt/boot/grub/grub.cfg

If it is a cloned system, made by for example the Ubuntu Startup Disk Creator, Disks, mkusb, dd, there will be a read-only ISO 9660 file system, and it is read-only. So you cannot edit the file.

But the installer expects a dialogue

But there is a dialogue in the installer Ubiquity, and I think it is difficult to run it without interaction.

Clone an installed system

So maybe you should clone an installed system, that can boot both in UEFI and BIOS mode, and afterwards, when booted into it, install the desktop environment, that you want, ubuntu-desktop to get standard Ubuntu with Unity.


In Ubuntu 14.04-20.04 QtSerialPort is provided by the libqt5serialport5-dev package from the default Ubuntu repositories.


Laptop wakes up by itself a few seconds after suspend or lidclose

August 8, 2018 Update

Kernel 4.15.0-30 has been released. The resume immediately after suspend problem persists. Kernel 4.13.0-36 still works reliably.

Additional steps to try

I have the same problem on 4.15.0-29-generic. I had just installed nVidia driver 384.130 and assumed it was related to that. I went through all your steps plus I modified:

$ paste <(ls /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/power/wakeup) <(cat /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/power/wakeup) | column -s $'\t' -t
/sys/bus/usb/devices/1-1.4.3/power/wakeup  disabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/1-1.4/power/wakeup    disabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/1-1/power/wakeup      disabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/1-4/power/wakeup      disabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/1-5/power/wakeup      enabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/1-9/power/wakeup      disabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb1/power/wakeup     disabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb2/power/wakeup     disabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb3/power/wakeup     disabled
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb4/power/wakeup     disabled

USB 1-5 is the WiFi / Bluetooth card:

$ lsusb
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 009: ID 046d:c52b Logitech, Inc. Unifying Receiver
Bus 001 Device 007: ID 1bcf:2b8c Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc.
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0cf3:e301 Atheros Communications, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 187c:0528 Alienware Corporation
Bus 001 Device 008: ID 413c:9016 Dell Computer Corp.
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 2109:2812 VIA Labs, Inc. VL812 Hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0764:0501 Cyber Power System, Inc. CP1500 AVR UPS
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 2109:2812 VIA Labs, Inc. VL812 Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

You can check this as well.

Unplug everything

Intel recommends unplugging everything-- All USBs, Network cable, etc to debug suspending. There are other things to try listed in Intel's article.

Kernel 4.13.0-36 works!

I recompiled my nvhda.ko under kernel 4.13.0-36-generic and discovered that suspend through the menu at least works now.

If you have an older kernel version like 4.15.0-24 in your Advanced Grub menu boot with that.
If you have 4.13.0-36 boot with that.
If you don't have an older version you can install it with sudo apt install linux-image-4.15.0-24*
If you use DKMS you also need to use sudo apt install linux-headers-4.15.0-24*
I don't see kernels 4.15.0-25 through 4.15.0-28 available in the repository.


How do I uninstall Ubuntu and go back to what I had before I installed it?

I'm assuming from your silence, that you don't want to admit to a folly, so I'm deleting unnanswered comments, doing a summarization and hopefully closing the case, which is one of those cases of:

  Don't try this at home, kids! (or pre-learn how to do it safely)

That "LiveCD" from that peculiar "The art of exploitation" book actually is fully functional in "live" usage and does not require any installations. They are even clearly stating that in f.e. Amazon's description (and presumably multiple times in that book itself):

  The included LiveCD provides a complete Linux programming and debugging environment - all without modifying your current operating system.

Why would you even want to install that permanently if you just started learning? Personally I would even disconnect all of my media and networks before booting any "hacker's" compilations on any of my machines!

You have performed Ubuntu 7.04 installation. I know, because out of extreme curiousity I tried it myself on one my virtual M$'s that had volunteered for such experiment after backup-copying it's entire virtual drive.

Everything looks orderly in that installation. It gives 3 options for partitioning:

resize (default, attempt to keep old system & stuff alive)
use entire disk (would completely crush your status quo)
manual (you probably wouldn't even make it through that one)

It even has a normal warning "You cannot undo this operation". I performed a "resize" and it normally installed itself and I can now dual-boot without having need to fix anything (like specially configured boot for my "Crazy 8"). Both systems works fine, no files lost and actually no problems at all (at least noticable ones).

Did you perhaps choose that second, nuclear method? The only rescue after that involves performing "data recovery" using specialized not-so-easy-to-use software or paying large amount of money to some even more specialized entity that would do that for you (or asking a bona-fide hacker-friend for a favour). And after such retrieval-attemp, you would get your data mostly fragmented, unusable or even non-existing at all (overwritten). If you have a large drive, then chances for restoring more complete files are higher.

If you however choose that other, the only sane method for such cases as yours, I believe that it's still possible to un-do it by removing Linux's partition & extending your M$ one (f.e. by using some other live Linux system). Most trouble would give you restoring original Windows's boot manager (BOOTMGR). I don't even know if that's achievable... easier to just live with GRUB from now on (naturally after properly re-configuring it).

Sorry to say that, but you have "exploited yourself"! (and it's as hilarious as that sounds)

For a finish, I'll quote you from my first comment:

  ... I would completely discourage playing a "hacker" xD


How to setup geary with IMAP and SSL/TLS encription?

You must make sure that the server supports SSL/TLS encryption and that you are using the correct port. I'm sure that ports 110/25 are not the correct ones. The following should work:

IMAP settings:

Server: imap.yourdomain.com
Port: 993 (this is the standard, you must consult your network administrator)
Username: youremail@address (it can be also just youremail)

SMTP settings:

Server: smtp.yourdomain.com
Port: 465 (this is the standard, you must consult your network administrator)
Username: youremail@address (it can be also just youremail)


My dropbox and network indicators moved to the bottom panel

Basically the applet you are looking at is notification-area-applet try right clicking somewhere in space aound the icons[you may see a separator line near icons try right clicking on that rather than icon itself] and see it will give you option to remove it. I use unity nowadays so I forgot if there is gui for adding/removing applets in gnome. So try right clicking on the panel itself and see if there is an option to remove from panel, I remember there is an option to add to panel. So, right click on top panel and choose add to panel and search for notification-area-applet and add it and move it your desired location.


How to prevent new Terminal windows opening in same directory?

You can hit Ctrl+Alt+T instead Ctrl+Shift+N..
This will open a new "Terminal window" in your $HOME directory, no matter if you have opened another "Terminal window" in.. eg: /var

Cheers.


Dual booting Debian Squeeze & Ubuntu Natty: should I share /home and/or other partitions?

About Sharing your /home partition: Yes you can do that, you can read https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/6344/different-linux-distros-sharing-the-same-home-folder. Some people will say no for sharing same partition but you can hack it by creating two different users in the same partition. By the way you can use any folder as home folder How to do that?? see this Change home folder in Natty
Theoretically and in my opinion it does not matter which distribution comes first, but it would be good if it the partition of your preferred distro is the first partition.  Because the first partition would be closer to the center of spinning disc that means lesser radius will make fetching information more quick. Any ways it would just give you some milliseconds advantage.
Swap partitions can be shared without any problem, Only problem you may have is when you hibernate one system and boot second. Though this would not be a big problem and will not break the system still you may loose your work saved while hibernating.


fglrx: No matching Device section for instance... found. how to fix it?

I had the exact same card, 4850 and I found that fglrx even when configured properly takes up too much resources for the card. The best performance is shown when using the opensource driver. Do

sudo amdconfig --uninstall

and stick to the opensource driver is my suggestion as a user of that card for 3 years on Linux.


Is it slower to read files from another partition?

A computer will read and write to a partition as fast as the data bus will allow. Partitions on the same device will move at the same speed. Partitions on different devices will move at the maximum speed the storage medium can handle.

Medium
Opinion

NVMe
Reasonably fast

SSD
Acceptably fast

HDD
Workable if needs be

USB-connected
Tolerable on occasion, decent for backups

SD/eMMC
Oh my goodness ... hurry up, please

Hope this answers your question


replacing ubuntu 10.04 with lubuntu 13.04

You seem to have a corrupt startup. As you are trying to install from scratch, I suggest completly formatting the hard drive from the lubuntu live CD and to then install lubuntu.


Waiting For Network Config and Purged Network Manager in 12.04

The wireless device 3945ABG has a driver and firmware that are built-in to all recent Ubuntu versions. Confirm that the hardware met the driver and created a wireless interface, ideally wlan0:

iwconfig

Also confirm that Network Manager is not running suggesting that you actually only deleted the desktop icon:

ps aux | grep -i network

If you see an entry for 'network-manager' then only the icon is missing; try to restore it temporarily with:

nm-applet &

If Network Manager doesn't appear as a running process, then do:

gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

If gksudo isn't installed and, obviously, you have no way to get it easily, use 'sudo' instead. Amend the file that opens to something like this:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-ssid <your_network>
wpa-psk <your_wpa_password>

Proofread carefully, save and close gedit. Reboot. Are you connected? Check:

 ping -c3 www.google.com

If you get ping returns, you are connected. If this is a stay-at-home computer that doesn't need to connect to different networks at the cyber cafe, you really needn't reinstall Network Manager. If you do need it, reinstall:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall network-manager

Then edit /etc/network/interfaces as above and delete the wlan0 stanza.

If you are having trouble, look for clues:

sudo ifdown wlan0 && sudo ifup -vv wlan0

'-vv' will produce output that will help us see what or where it's not connecting.


I forgot my Phpmyadmin username and password?

reset mysql's root password

Stop MySQL

The first thing to do is stop MySQL. If you are using Ubuntu or Debian the command is as follows:

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop

For CentOS, Fedora, and RHEL the command is:

sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

Safe mode

Next we need to start MySQL in safe mode - that is to say, we will start MySQL but skip the user privileges table. Again, note that you will need to have sudo access for these commands so you don't need to worry about any user being able to reset the MySQL root password:

sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

Note: The ampersand (&) at the end of the command is required.

Login

All we need to do now is to log into MySQL and set the password.

mysql -u root

Note: No password is required at this stage as when we started MySQL we skipped the user privileges table.

Next, instruct MySQL which database to use:

use mysql;

Reset Password

Enter the new password for the root user as follows:

update user set password=PASSWORD("mynewpassword") where User='root';

and finally, flush the privileges:

flush privileges;

Restart

Now the password has been reset, we need to restart MySQL by logging out:

quit

and simply stopping and starting MySQL.

On Ubuntu and Debian:

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start


How do I create a shared folder/remotely control a printer between two Ubuntu machines?

I assume that both computers are running Linux. Then you can configure cups on your downstairs computer to publish the connected printer. The cups daemon on you upstairs computer then automatically sees the published printer and you can select it from the usual printer dialog.

You can configure cups via the web-interace, i.e. you can connect to http://127.0.0.1:631 (on the computer with the printer.

The automatically discovering of the shared printer on the printer-less computer only works, if both computers are on the same subnet and if the computer has the show-broadcasted-printers-option in cups enabled. Don't remember what is the current default under Ubuntu.


How do I get the extra side buttons on my Intellimouse Explorer working?

Depends on what you want to do with it I guess. At least with Compiz and CCSM (Compiz Config Settings Manager) there are some things you can use those buttons for.


There are several issues that may affect write performance and explain what you're experiencing. Without more technical details about your machine I can't tell you which of these are really relevant, but the usual suspects are:

As stonedsquirrel pointed out in comments, write performance depends on filesystem. Under Linux, copying to an ext4 partition is expected to be faster copying to an NTFS one. ext4 is managed by a kernel driver, and it's highly optmized since it's the default filesystem in most Linux distribuitions, while NTFS (usually NTFS-3G from Tuxera) is a driver that runs in user-space, so it is much slower.
NTFS suffer a lot from fragmentation, and a heavily fragmented partition may have slower write performance.
Laptop's hardrives are optimized for lower power consumption, while desktop harddrives usually aim for performance. They usually run at 5400rpm (or lower), in comparison of 7200 from desktop HDDs. Other power-saving features may also trade in performance for longer battery life.

That said, both 20mb/s (for copying to an ext4, desktop hdd) and 3mb/s (for an ntfs, laptop hdd) seem quite normal


systemd-resolved: ResolveUnicastSingleLabel= missing in 20.04?

My conclusion is, that if "ResolveUnicastSingleLabel=yes" is not available or configured single-label      requests are dropped.
To have them resolved they need to be part of a domain and search=/domain= for that domain need to be set up.
To "solve" my problem I disabled systemd-resolved and use plain /etc/resolv.conf. Not the solution I wanted but the one that works. :(


awk: Set value in second line, colunm (if it exists) to variable

Try this

var='example_file.txt'
val2=$(cat $var | awk -F, "NR==2{print $2; exit}")

The cat needs to be directly piped into the awk command, rather than the variable assignment line.

Note that you can get rid of the cat all together with:

val2=$(awk -F, "NR==2{print $2; exit}" <$var)


Depending on AC3D you may need to have the 32bit version of the library which you can install using the command sudo apt-get install libxmu6:i386


It sounds like you don't have any nodes configured in /etc/iscsi/nodes. In fact the nodes directory will be empty if you haven't asked for a list of targets from the iscsi server. So, if that's the case, you'll need to do a target discovery. Try:
iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p IP-Address-Of-Target

Once this is done, there will be an iqn... directory with a list of possible portals under the nodes dir:

/etc/iscsi/nodes/iqnname/192.168.0.1:servername.iscsiTargetName/default

Edit the file 'default' so node.startup = automatic on any target you want to automatically connect to.

Oh also, check /var/log/syslog to see if iscsi is starting before the network interfaces start.


Install dependencies with the following:

sudo apt-get install kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-dev

Then start installing kpodder with downloading it:

wget http://kde-apps.org/content/show.php?content=36630

tar -jxvf kpodder-0.6.tar.bz2

cd ./kpodder-0.6

./configure

make

sudo make install

sudo ln -s /usr/local/kde/bin/kpodder /usr/bin/kpodder

Add it as an application:

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/kpodder.desktop

Insert into file:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=KPodder
Exec=kpodder %u
Icon=/usr/local/kde/share/icons/hicolor/32x32/apps/kpodder.png
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;
MimeType=text/rss;text/xml;text/php;application/rss+xml
Comment=A KDE Pocast handler

And that is it.


VirtualBox is crashing (BSOD) on Windows Guests. Please suggest me something else

I searched the same too as had the same issue sometime back.
I could not find anything reliable (for free) but VirtualBox. You may use VMware workstation 10.0.3. But it is not free. You have to buy it.

However you may download and test it free for 30 days.

Link: Download VMware Workstation 10.0.3 for Linux

On the same page, at right hand side, you may check the system requirements as well.

Alternatively, you can also try VMware Player. It is for free.
Download VMware Player

(I have not tried VMware player and not sure you will be able to install it or not.)

Hope that will help you. In your research, if you find something better, please share.


Cron not running jobs - No MTA installed

The problem you experience is not the missing MTA, which just disables cron to send mails.

The reason that your cronjob is not executed is, that it is run in a different environment than your X session and therefore the cronjob does not have access to the screen.
What you need inside the cronjob is the information about which display xrandr should use and the authority to use the display specified. Normally you can use the following in your crontab to make it work.

56 * * * * XAUTHORITY="/var/run/lightdm/root/:0" /usr/bin/xrandr --display :0 --output HDMI1 --brightness 0.1 # JOB_ID_7

You might have to change the content of the XAUTHORITY variable depending on your display manager and configuration.
Maybe easiest way to find that is to run the following command and look for the string after -auth.

user@host:~# ps aux | grep Xorg
root      2604  1.4  3.0 265236 44960 tty7     Ssl+ 12:48   0:00 /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg -core :0 -seat seat0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch


How can I resize the desktop icons in Ubuntu 19.04 like how it works in Ubuntu 16.04?

In ubuntu 19.04 you simply Open settings and go to dock there you will find a slider,Moving this changes the icon size.

This is one of the changes from previous versions of ubuntu

at 3,02 you can see how it is done https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbbPYdpdMb8

edit.
the question have been changed so this answer does only answer how to resize all of the desktop icons at once.


libc6:i386 : Depends: libgcc1:i386 but it is not going to be installed

If sudo apt-get -f install removed lots of packages and still have internet connection you may want to install ubuntu-desktop again:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

That should make it.


On 10.04 Lucid, how can I add a script to startup to run as another user?

Take a look at this question on StackOverflow. It suggests something like this -

  Call visudo and add this:

  user1 ALL=(user2) NOPASSWD: /home/user2/bin/test.sh

  The command paths
  must be absolute! Then call
  sudo -u user2 /home/user2/bin/test.sh from a user1 shell. Done.

That way you just put the script to run at startup under Startup Applications (System -> Preferences-> Startup Applications) and it'll run on startup


Windows 8.1 erased Ubuntu 14.04 partition

I could recover all the data using testdisk utility from an Ubuntu live CD!

It seems that Windows damaged the hdd MBR and using this program I could inspect the real hdd contents and then re-write the MBR without problems and recovering the whole partition.

To install it just do a sudo apt-get install testdisk


Fake key code for remapped keyboard keys

First, let's see how a key press is processed (taken from this answer):

/keyboard/ → scancode → /input driver/ → keycode → /X server XKB/ → keysym

The scancode is a device specific code that is bound to a specific key and can differ between different vendors/products. keycode and keysym are propagated to applications. The keycode serves as an abstraction layer as it is device agnostic and locale agnostic. The same keycode can produce different keysyms, depending on the locale and the state of modifier keys. That is the reason why some applications only look for the keycode, especially when dealing with keyboard shortcuts.

So our goal is to map the scancode of your CapsLock key to the keycode of the BackSpace key. Applications will then see the same keycode and keysym regardless whether you press BackSpace or CapsLock.

This mapping is done by udev using the hardwaredatabase file (hwdb.bin) which is compiled from .hwdb files in both /lib/udev/hwdb.d/ and /etc/udev/hwdb.d/.

How to change scancode->keycode mapping

Gather required information

First you have to determine the bustype, vendor, product and version of your input device (keyboard), as well as the scancode of the key you want to remap and the key code identifier you want to map it to.

Run evtest (you may have to install it first) and identify your keyboard in the list of devices. On keyboards with additional keys like Play/Pause, WWW, etc. these keys are often exposed as a different input device. If you don't get any output when pressing a key, hit Control+C and try a different device. Once you have identified your keyboard, remember the first column (/dev/input/eventX) and press the key you want to remap. The value after (MSC_SCAN) is the scancode. On my keyboard:

$ evtest
Available devices:
/dev/input/event0:  Power Button
/dev/input/event1:  Power Button
/dev/input/event2:  G19 Gaming Keyboard
/dev/input/event3:  G19 Gaming Keyboard
...
Select the device event number [0-18]:2
...
Event: time 1522111203.117945, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1522111220.778787, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN),value 70039
Event: time 1522111220.778787, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 14 (KEY_BACKSPACE), value 1

... the scancode is 70039.

Now run the following command, where eventX is the one you chose before:

$ grep "" /sys/class/input/eventX/device/id/*

The output for my keyboard is

/sys/class/input/event2/device/id/bustype:0003
/sys/class/input/event2/device/id/product:c228
/sys/class/input/event2/device/id/vendor:046d
/sys/class/input/event2/device/id/version:0110

To get the key code identifier, either use the output of evtest or look at the Keys and buttons section in /usr/include/linux/input-event-codes.h for a complete list. The identifier is the part after KEY_ converted to lowercase, e.g. KEY_BACKSPACE becomes backspace.

Configure udev

Take a look at /lib/udev/hwdb.d/. We will create a text file in /etc/udev/hwdb.d/ with a filename beginning with a number greater than the file corresponding to our device type. For a keyboard, this can be any number greater than 60, while for a pointing stick it should be greater than 70. For example 65-keyboard-custom.hwdb.
Use your favorite text editor, but keep in mind that you have to start it as root, e.g.

$ sudo gedit /etc/udev/hwdb.d/65-keyboard-custom.hwdb

Add the following content

evdev:input:b[bustype]v[vendor]p[product]e[version]*
 KEYBOARD_KEY_[scancode]=[key code identifier]

...where

[bustype], [vendor], [product] and [version] have exactly 4 characters (pad with zeros if needed) and letters need to be uppercase
[scancode] does not need padding but letters have to be lowercase
the evdev:... line has no preceding space
the KEYBOARD_KEY... line has exactly one preceding space

In my example, the file looks like this:

evdev:input:b0003v046DpC228e0110*
 KEYBOARD_KEY_70039=backspace   # map CapsLock to BackSpace

The first line will be matched to your device. You can specify additional evdev: lines and you can use more than one wildcard (*) to match additional devices, but keep in mind that scancodes are device specific. You can also add more than one scancode mapping. Have a look at /lib/udev/hwdb.d/60-keyboard.hwdb for inspiration. A more detailed and up-to-date version of that file can be found in the online repository.

Apply new configuration

Compile the new configuration to the hardware database:

$ sudo systemd-hwdb update

If you want to apply the changes immediately, inform udev:

$ sudo udevadm trigger

Please note that configuration values can only be added or changed while the system is running. If you remove a configuration (e.g. scancode mapping), you have to reboot for the changes to take effect.

Remember to also revert the remapping you did before (using /etc/default/keyboard), because that will still be applied to all  keyboards.


How can I batch process JPG images to change their quality with Nautilus-Actions?

You cannot use %F twice in a command like that, because %F gets replaced by the names of every file selected. For example, a command of sh with parameters -c 'printf "%%s\n" "$@" > foo' %F %F will create a file named foo with the names of every file selected, twice. Therefore the convert command that actually runs is:

convert file1.jpg file2.jpg ... -quality 80% file1.jpg file2.jpg ... fileN.jpg-80q.jpg

And since the last file is taken to be the output file name, only it will matter.

What you can do is wrap your command in bash -c and run a for loop:

bash -c 'for i; do convert "$i" -quality 80% "${i/%.jpg/-80q.jpg}"; done'

(where I am assuming that all files end with .jpg)

In an action, you will have bash as the command, and for the parameters:

-c 'for i; do convert "$i" -quality 80%% "${i/%%.jpg/-80q.jpg}"; done' - %F

You can make this more complicated to handle any extension, at which point you might as well skip Actions and use scripting.


AMD and NVIDIA GPUs together on Ubuntu 20.04

It's not really the answer, but if it helps.
I have both AMD and Nvidia on a laptop
I force Nvidia with instruction from https://forums.developer.nvidia.com/t/i-cant-enable-nvidia-gpu-with-nvidia-prime/69899/4
In this file  /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-nvidia.conf
I put:

Option   "PrimaryGPU" "true"

And reboot


After a investigation, i have found my problem..

I use putty to connect on my vm. I noticed that accent wasn't correct on the terminal.
So i configure putty to use UTF8 (default was ISO-8859-1) in Window -> Translation -> Remote character set -> UTF8

I also added this in /etc/environment

LANGUAGE=en

LC_ALL=en_US.utf8

LANG=en_US.utf8

So accent are correctly displayed on the terminal :

[root@Lu1204x86:~]$  echo é

é

Then i opened mutt but i noticed that subjects with accent are displayed with the problem of accent.

But when i opened a mail, all accents were correctly displayed ! Problem fixed !


Why is /home/ called 'Home' in Nautilus (and other file managers, such as pcmanfm)?

The "Home" in nautilus is simply a link to /home/<username>. It is the same way that windows puts different names (.e.g. "My Documents", but it's "Documents" in terminal).

It is to make it more user friendly, they want your "Home" space to be obvious how to find. It is only more advanced users that find that it is different - so you don't get conflicts with other users. It's also easier when helping someone remotely, to say "Click on home"

Typically, your home folder is /home/user but this is optional. A system administrator can put it anywhere, and nautilus's Home link will redirect to the new place, if it is set in /etc/passwd.

My pronouns are He / Him


What is the lastest stable kernel and how to install it?

In your terminal type

sudo apt-get update
apt-cache search linux-image

Then type sudo apt-get install linux-image-<latest version>


How to add Ubuntu 12.04 LTS to Debian 6.0's GRUB?

If your Debian instalation uses GRUB version 2, then you should just run update-grub as root.

If Debian installation uses GRUB version 1, you'll have to edit its /boot/grub/menu.lst config file and manually add Ubuntu. Suppose, Ubuntu is on /dev/sda1, then the entry will look like this

title Ubuntu 12.04
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/grub/core.img
savedefault
boot


Is Ubuntu phoning home and is it sending data to Amazon?

There was certainly a lot of noise about this about nine years ago. It doesn't feel like that much time has passed, but here we are.
Let's go through the questions:

Was this true?

In Ubuntu 12.10 the Unity Dash would send search queries to a remote web server run by Canonical in an effort to return pertinent results. The data was said to be anonymised before non-Canonical APIs were called to return information such as weather, Amazon results, and the like. There was the ability to opt out, but this was seen by a lot of people as backwards.
Because of how the feature was implemented and the lack of discussions around it beforehand, the community was understandably vocal.

Is this still true?

Nope. External searches were completely removed for the 16.04 LTS release and they have not been a part of any official Ubuntu flavour since.

If this is still true, can I de-activate it or do I have to change distro?

Hope this answers your questions.


Server Keeps Dropping Active Connections, But Pings

I have experienced symptoms similar to this before.  Not certain of why you cannot reconnect until after 5-10 minutes.  I'll guess and say it is a firewall configuration between you and the Ubuntu box allowing only so many orphaned connections until a specific time threshold expires.  I've seen this in the Cisco ASAs and OpenBSD's PF.

On any *nix box I admin, I enter the following into /etc/ssh/ssh_config to keep my connections alive

ServerAliveInterval 180

FYI...this is entered on the client and not the server.  Your mileage my vary so you might have to raise or lower this value.  Hope that helps.


What do I do when bad sectors are reported?

I have personal experience with bad sectors on laptop, so Ubuntu was right when warning message appeared. I printed out a screenshot (by Disk Utility) with information about bad sectors. Being under 2-years warranty, a local repair service center has changed faulty HDD without any question.

Regarding a new HDD. Buy SSD drive - it's fast and shock-proof and energy-saving solution, yet it's expensive :)

Good luck,
Vincenzo


Boot Menu does not detect any media (USB, HDD, CD/DVD)

UEFI requires the file /EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi (64bit) or /EFI/BOOT/bootia32.efi (32bit) in order to boot external media (this includes the CD/DVD).

Your system likely requires the file to be present before it will display the boot option for the device. There is a small possibility that it may not support external boot in UEFI mode.


If I execute a program via terminal it opens, but if I open it via .desktop file it doesn't

You have to add -desktop at the end of Exec=... desktop-file field.
So the correct line will look like
Exec=/home/user/Desktop/matlabFolder/bin/matlab -desktop


Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS and Nvidia dirver (304.51) 64bit: problem 640x480

I'm working on the same problem with my Asus A55V, which is just got a few days ago and I'm getting it all set up with Ubuntu 12.10.  If you look in windows, you will find that the nvidia card is not the primary card that actually connects to the LCD.  In windows, programs that are made to use graphics acceleration will use the nvidia GPU and memory if configured correctly.  This method of working is a hybrid situation (see http://www.nvidia.com/object/optimus_technology.html ) I think the idea is to save power on the laptop by only using the GPU when necessary.
I've found this project which aims to provide the ability to use 3D acceleration in linux: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bumblebee It has all the instructions on there to set it up in Ubuntu.
Hopefully that will solve your problem.


Click Options then Speed > then throttle, and then set the throttle to 100%, that should fix it! I was bit worried that no one found it yet either :y


How to enable adaptive tickless kernel mode nohz_full in 16.04 Xenial

Yes, you do. Neither low latency or any other kernel comes with this built in.

To build the kernel follow https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/BuildYourOwnKernel and enable CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL


You need to install the package python3-tk.

And in Python3 the module is called tkinter instead of Tkinter.


You cannot change username while in the session already run by the same user. PID that you mentioned is the terminal you are currently using. You have to log out from current session and log as root user. If you cannot log as root user add another account temporary and log in with it. Then run sudo usermod -l lazybug peter from that account. Make sure new account can run sudo. Run this to add new user with sudo privileges. sudo adduser <username> sudo. This need in case of you cannot log as root.

If you need to change home directory too run this sudo usermod -d /home/newHomeDir -m newUsername


14.04 on Macbook Pro always boots to GRUB prompt

After hours of headache, I stumbled over this forum post. Interestingly, the situation explained their is quite contrary to mine:

  The problem is at least partially fixed. When dumped to the grub shell the "set" command is useful. It clearly showed the prefix as being set to "(hd0,gpt1)/boot/grub". This folder and the stub grub.cfg did not exist and instead the stub grub.cfg was in the /EFI/ubuntu folder in the EFI partition instead. I manually created /boot/grub/ in the EFI partition and copied the stub grub.cfg into it and that was all she took.

For me however, the prefix was .../efi/ubuntu but it should be efu/grub. To me, it really looks like this is an Ubuntu bug. The proper fix for this issue would be to change the prefix, but I also have no idea where it is coming form. TL;DR: So instead, as a work-around, I copied /boot/efi/EFI/grub to /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu and voilà.


Can I use my extended hard drive partition for Windows OS

No you cannot use your extended partition for Windows, it is formated in Ext4 format, which windows do not understand!
1. You cannot take space from an extended partition, you have to take it from partition 3 (see Ravery's comment)
2.  The extended partition are for holding all partitions above AND including partition 4 (GPT do not have this limitation, that is mainly why we are all changing to GPT)
The old MBR way of doing things date back to the old days when a partition could max be 32 MB (that's right megabyte your USB-sticks are way bigger now)

You can create an NTFS partition for say Pictures and videos, and mount it in both Ubuntu and Windows!

This way you can edit and watch your files from both OS'es, and use the apps you are most familiar with - therby get the most satisfying experience out of both OS'es!


Ubuntu 18.04 stuck in boot after starting Gnome Display Manager on Intel Graphics

I had the same problem after installating 18.10 on my Thinkpad T430s where Nvidia drivers were installed. Doing a

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-*

inside the recovery mode root shell solved the problem for me.


System crash with kern.log filled with ^@^@^@^@

It seems that this bug was due to the Nouveau driver used for my GeForce GT 710 card. Since I installed the proprietary drivers this bug stopped appearing. I guess diving into the https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/HangDiagnosis/ could be an alternative but for now I'm just happy that I don't have to restart the computer every 30-60 minutes.


External USB hard drives - what speeds should be expected?

Typical hi-speed USB hard drives can be written to at rates around 25–30 MB/s, and read from at rates of 30–42 MB/s, according to routine testing done by CNet.[62] This is 70% of the total bandwidth available.
According to a USB-IF chairman, "at least 10 to 15 percent of the stated peak 60 MB/s (480 Mbit/s) of Hi-Speed USB goes to overhead — the communication protocol between the card and the peripheral. Overhead is a component of all connectivity standards."
For isochronous devices like audio streams, the bandwidth is constant, and reserved exclusively for a given device. The bus bandwidth therefore only has an effect on the number of channels that can be sent at a time, not the "speed" or latency of the transmission.

USB supports the following signaling rates: The terms speed and bandwidth are used interchangeably. "high-" is alternatively written as "hi-".

A low-speed rate of 1.5 Mbit/s (~183kB/s) is defined by USB 1.0. It is very similar to full-bandwidth operation except each bit takes 8 times as long to transmit. It is  intended primarily to save cost in low-bandwidth human interface devices (HID) such as keyboards, mice, and joysticks. The full-speed rate of 12 Mbit/s (~1.43 MB/s) is the basic USB data rate defined by USB 1.1. All USB hubs support full-bandwidth.

A high-speed (USB 2.0) rate of 480 Mbit/s (~57 MB/s) was introduced in 2001. All hi-speed devices are capable of falling back to full-bandwidth operation if necessary; i.e. they are backward compatible with USB 1.1. Connectors are identical for USB 2.0 and USB 1.x.

A SuperSpeed (USB 3.0) rate of 4800 Mbit/s (~572 MB/s).
The written USB 3.0 specification was released by Intel and partners in August 2008. The first USB 3 controller chips were sampled by NEC May 2009[55] and products using the 3.0 specification arrived beginning in January 2010.[56] USB 3.0 connectors are generally backwards compatible, but include new wiring and full duplex operation.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus


Use the tools, Luke:

                # where is the file?
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ type -p gnome-system-monitor
/usr/bin/gnome-system-monitor
                # what package owns the file?
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ dpkg -S /usr/bin/gnome-system-monitor
gnome-system-monitor: /usr/bin/gnome-system-monitor
                # what files are in that package?
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ dpkg -L gnome-system-monitor
                  ...<snip>...

That should probably let you accomplish the task, but, if not,

sudo apt-get install apt-src
apt-src install gnome-system-monitor

should give you the source.


Backing up specific directory with it's content to remote location

You probably want to research rsync. Start with

man rsync

It is a tool made for the kind of backups you want to implement.

For your use case it should be as simple as running

rsync -av --progress <user>@<host>:<directory> .

from the machine and location where you want the backup.


sound problem on high level of memory usage

This solution does not fully solve the problem but makes it a little easier to fix.

pulseaudio --kill && pulseaudio --start


How do you convert a wwn number to the physical Drive ID in ZFS

You can do this via two steps.  But first, make sure that you have smartctl installed.  However, yours might be better to look for all the good drives, then identify your bad one.
sudo apt install smartmontools

Next, get a full directory listing of the /dev/disk/by-id/ folder
ls -al /dev/disk/by-id/

It will show you all the wwn-xxxxxxxxxxxxx numbers.  Example:
ls -al /dev/disk/by-id/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   9 Nov 22 12:47 wwn-0x5000c5003f1afe1e -> ../../sdd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  10 Nov 22 12:47 wwn-0x5000c5003f1afe1e-part1 -> ../../sdd1

As we can see mine points to /dev/sdd.  Then all we need to do is to get the smartctl listing for the drive to help us identify it via a S/N.
sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdd
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-54-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Seagate Barracuda 7200.14 (AF)
Device Model:     ST500DM002-1BC142
Serial Number:    Z2AF4TL4
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 03f1afe1e
Firmware Version: JC4B
User Capacity:    500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    7200 rpm
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Sun Nov 22 19:42:45 2020 MST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

...truncated after top section is all we needed.


You cant use sleep / hibernate / hybrid sleep with Windows if you want access to a drive that is being used by Windows.

If you want access to the drive in Ubuntu ... you will need to do a full shutdown "Start / Shutdown/ Shutdown my computer". If you still have issues you will need to disable fast startup located under Power Options then choose what the power buttons do .. then Uncheck the Turn on fast startup (recommended) If all else fails you can try disabling hibernate by going to a admin command prompt and typing powercfg /h off which will also disable fast startup but with ssd's it doesn't matter .. my computer boots in like 18 seconds


Ubuntu MATE: How replace  by Super_L for opening the menu?

Open the dconf Editor in System Tools menu. Go to
/org/mate/marco/global-keybindings/panel-main-menu
Set Super_L as value
Logout & Login again. It's done.


On the style drop-down menu, I just needed to choose "none".


SSD: Support for SATA 3.1 and "queued TRIM"

Queued Trim is going into v3.12-rc1 of the kernel. See: https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/9/3/277
Unless you're running a full queue depth a majority of the time, queued trim commands won't buy you much.


How to print file directly, circumventing the print dialog?

There's only one way to do this, and it's a bit of nuisance. If you start Chromium with this extra option,

chromium-browser --kiosk-printing

you shouldn't get a print dialog when you try to print. If you ever need to access the print dialog, however, you'll have to completely quit Chromium and restart it without that option.


Fan Noise Reduction AsRock motherboard + AMD Ryzen

I don't know what Asrock motherboard you have but chances are the fan speed is adjustable in the bios, in the hardware section. Asrock boards usually have a high level of adjustment options built in most have the option to graph 5 different speeds to 5 different temperature settings. For example in this manual page 56 to gives you an idea.


After getting kernel update to 4.15.0-33-generic, apparently, these messages are not getting displayed during startup.


Getting Java Error Message - JAVA_HOME is not valid:

JAVA_HOME should be set as "/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/"


Using Webcam and Microphone in Virt-Manager

Based on the article that @user535733 posted in comments:

Open your VM, go to the Show virtual Hardware details menu (the blue "i" icon) at the top.

Click on Add Hardware -> USB Host Device -> Select your Webcam from the list -> Finish -> Apply your changes.

Boot your VM and the webcam should be working. The microphone support exists by default and no additional work is needed for that.


Trouble installing Ubuntu 12.10 alongside windows 7

There's a way to workaround this, but one might argue that the whole point of Wubi - to try out Ubuntu easily from Windows and easily uninstall - is lost when you have to employ workarounds to get it to boot.

The workaround is to copy the wubildr file to the first partition of your computer /dev/sda1. There are various ways to do this e.g. from an Ubuntu live CD/USB, or by assigning a drive letter to the partition in Windows (it's likely your boot partition with no mapping), and then copying it from C:\ to the newly mapped drive.

My advice would be to try Ubuntu from a live USB and then if you like it, just do a normal dual boot. Unless it's really important not to modify partitions.

PS if you want some background on wubildr and wubildr.mbr you can read this: wubildr, wubildr.mbr and grldr


Extending Ubuntu Partition size with the unallocated space (swap is between these two)

It is also possible to do without removing the swap partition.

Extend partition "Extended" (the wrapper for the swap partition) so it takes all the unallocated space.
Move the swap partition to the end of the space (make sure the size stays the same)
Shrink "Extended" to the size of swap partition.
Expand your main partition to fill the new space between.

To do these steps you will need to make sure your partitions are unmounted (found under partition in the menu bar).
Like what Mitch said it is a good idea to back up first.


How to insert a line break between stderr and stdout

Here is one simple way to do this, assume this command:

ls -d Documents/ NotExist/ /dev/null

the output is:

ls: cannot access 'NotExist/': No such file or directory
/dev/null  Documents/

the first line is stderr and the second is stdout, if I pipe the output to xargs I can print a new line after stderr and then print the stdout:

ls -d Documents/ NotExist/ /dev/null | xargs echo -e '\n'

which gives me:

ls: cannot access 'NotExist/': No such file or directory

 /dev/null Documents/


How to run XnView MP Version 0.83 on Xubuntu 16.10?

I guess you are talking about XnViewMP 0.83 and not XnView 1.73. This is how I got 64-bit version of XnViewMP 0.83 working after downloading it from the link you have provided (you can just copy and paste these commands after you have installed the .deb package):

cd /tmp/
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gstreamer0.10/libgstreamer0.10-0_0.10.36-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gst-plugins-base0.10/libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0_0.10.36-1_amd64.deb
dpkg -x libgstreamer0.10-0_0.10.36-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb libgstreamer0.10-0_0.10.36-1ubuntu1_amd64
dpkg -x libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0_0.10.36-1_amd64.deb libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0_0.10.36-1_amd64
sudo cp -av libgstreamer0.10-0_0.10.36-1ubuntu1_amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/* libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0_0.10.36-1_amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/* /opt/XnView/lib/
rm -rf libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0_0.10.36-1_amd64* libgstreamer0.10-0_0.10.36-1ubuntu1_amd64*

Above commands will download and put all needed libraries to XnViewMP lib folder.

I think this can be considered a bug, since XnViewMP shouldn't require libraries which do not exist anymore.


How to load docker image from a kickstart or preseed file?

I found docker is not started on post installation. Even /var/lib/docker directory is not yet created during post installation process.

Step 1:  Refere this, to export the docker images. You have single file called docker-images.tar. Copy it over pool/extras directory.

Step 2:  In the preseed/ks-myiso.cfg file,

%post --nochroot

cp -r /cdrom/pool/extras/docker-images.tar /target/usr/share/

%end

%post

mkdir -p /var/lib/docker
tar -xvf /usr/share/naanal_pkgs/docker_images.tar -C /var/lib/docker

%end

Note: I faced some problem while I directly extract tar file from cdrom. If you don't find any issue on this you can directly untar docker-images.tar file without copying it.


Create an alias to a desidred directory to use within terminal

Open your $HOME/.bashrc and append:

export GEANT=/home/geo/Geant4/geant4.10.00.p02-install/lib/Geant4-10.0.2

then run source ~/.bashrc  and now you schould be able to use it like this:

cd $GEANT


How to setup virtual users for sftp (sshd) with access to a specific sub directory?

ProFTPd allows you to create virtual FTP/SFTP users and map them to a real user's uid and gid.


How to know if the File Operations has completed via bash script?

The first step is to check that the copy operation has finished. I think you have already checked for this step.
The second step is to check that the buffers are flushed (that buffered data in RAM is finally written to the target device, so that the file content is really stored in a file in a partition in the drive).

You can run sync to flush the buffers. When sync is done and bash returns to prompt, this second step has also finished.

There is a tool to monitor the read/write activities, iotop. Install it with

sudo apt install iotop

and run it for example with the following command line

sudo iotop -o


Weird character appear when opening file using Vim after installing vim-gnome

I just found an answer here for those who might run into the same problem


How do I write a condition that runs only if a particular file has not already been converted in a bash script?

You can use a -e shell test to determine if the target file exists. From help test:

  -e FILE        True if file exists.

So for example

for file in /video_recordings/*.flv; do
  if [ ! -e "${file%.flv}".mp4 ]; then
    ffmpeg -threads 2 -i "$file" "${file%.flv}".mp4
  fi
done

or more compactly

for file in /video_recordings/*.flv; do

  [ -e "${file%.flv}".mp4 ] || ffmpeg -threads 2 -i "$file" "${file%.flv}".mp4

done

If you prefer, you can invert the logic and use a C-style continue to skip files that have already been converted:

for file in /video_recordings/*.flv; do

  if [ -e "${file%.flv}".mp4 ]; then
    continue
  fi

  ffmpeg -threads 2 -i "$file" "${file%.flv}".mp4

done

or

for file in /video_recordings/*.flv; do

  [ -e "${file%.flv}".mp4 ] && continue

  ffmpeg -threads 2 -i "$file" "${file%.flv}".mp4

done


How to recover data in ubuntu after changing operating system from windows 8 to ubuntu?

It depends on details how it was done. Most probably Windows files were overwriten by Linux files. In such case almost nothing can be recovered. If some remnants of Windows' files are still alive then you will need to read disk sector by sector and attempt to reconstruct those files from sectors as 'big puzzle picture consisting of very many pieces'. Usually it is unfeasible.

I would recommend to try some 'autorecovery' tools. Unfortunately I am unable to recommend something specific.


In linux not all user can modify the system file.

Folder like /etc /dev /bin contains system's file that only the administrator is in charge to modify.

In order to install a new package, you have to use a root account.

Try with the following command:
sudo apt get install -f

sudo is a command that run the command passed as argument as super-user


Ubuntu 18.04 missing workspace shifter and key shortcuts

Linux offers an array of desktop environments and window managers. To some extent, you need to adapt your workflow to the desktop environment you choose, although to an extent, a desktop environment may also be adapted to your workflow. In what follows, suggestions are provided to achieve your desired work flow in Gnome Shell.

Installing Gnome Shell extensions through the website

First make sure your can install Gnome Extensions directly via the Gnome Extensions website. This avoid that you need to go through more error-prone manual installation processes. In Ubuntu 17.10 and 18.04, you can't install extensions this way by default.

Install the "Gnome Shell Integration" addon for your browser.
Install the host connector. The easiest way is with a command in the terminal: sudo apt install chrome-gnome-shell

From now on (close and restart your browser first), you can simply install Gnome extensions from the Gnome Extensions website. That will be the cleanest and easiest way to install extensions that are not included in the standard Ubuntu software.

Naming/labeling your workspaces

The easiest way to label your workspace is to install the official Gnome Extension "Workspace Indicator". Through the settings, you can name your workspaces. You always can disable or remove the extension if you do not want the small indicator that it puts on the panel.

Alternatively, install dconf-editor, and use that to edit the key org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences workspace-names.

Finally, you may achieve the settings using a terminal command, e.g.

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences workspace-names "['1 Mail', '2 Browser', '3 Editor', '4 Write',...]"

Setting your navigation keyboard shortcuts

If you do not have it already, install dconf-editor. In dconf-editor, you can assign keyboard shortcuts for

direct movement to a specific workspace: org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-1 up to workspace-12.
relative movement: org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-down, up, left, right
corresponding keys that allow you to move applications relatively or directly to a specific workspace, e.g. org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings move-to-workspace-1

Automatically launching applications on a specific work space

Install the "Auto Move Windows" extension by fmuellner, the same author of several of the "official" gnome shell extensions.


Why is 32 bit Ubuntu "recommended" and 64 not?

It appears that the recommendation is to install the safest and most compatible version.  There are some programs and even some hardware that work best - or even only - with the 32-bit version, although these are few and becoming fewer.

When I installed Ubuntu for the first time a few months ago, I followed the recommendation, too, and so got the 32-bit version.  After awhile I got to wondering if I could have installed the 64-bit version, so I downloaded and installed it.  I found the 64-bit version to be just a bit faster and everything ran on it, so I've stayed with it.

However, I also found that one piece of hardware, the Linksys AE1000 access point, did not have a 64-bit driver and the 32-bit driver would not work with it.  For me it was no problem, as I had an ethernet connection on my desktop and didn't need the wireless access point (I had installed it with the 32-bit version just to see if I could get it to work).  But if I had been using a laptop that needed that particular hardware, I would've had to go back to the 32-bit Ubuntu.  So I would suggest trying the 64-bit Ubuntu, but don't delete the 32-bit version until you're sure the 64-bit works.


Xrandr configuration in .bashrc not running until I open a terminal?

.bashrc (as it name may suggest) is only executed on startup of a bash shell.

You have to edit ~/.profile to apply changes to your graphical session. Note that this file is intended for setting environment variables and such. You'd better create a startup script to accomplish this task.


In my experience, you don't have to edit the dpkg status to remove it.  Here's what I did:

Enter /var/lib/dpkg/info

cd /var/lib/dpkg/info

Delete all entry related to crossplatformui

sudo rm crossplatformui.*

Force remove crossplatformui

sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq crossplatformui

Display would be :

    (Reading database ...
    dpkg: warning: files list file for package `crossplatformui' missing, assuming package has no files currently installed.

    (Reading database ... 159448 files and directories currently installed.)

    Removing crossplatformui ...

Done!  I didn't experience any problem with my system (Ubuntu 12.04 with kernel 3.2.0-24-generic-pae) by doing this method.

Cheers!


USB display adapter with linux/ubuntu drivers?

Right now, on Ubuntu 14.04, my Accell DisplayLink compatible adapter just works. It didn't work on 13.10.

Specs of this adapter: http://www.accellcables.com/J130B-001B.html

It seems a little slow on effects, I think that is because of being USB 2, and no acceleration? Anyway I got rid of the effects and works ok


Take a look at this fine project.
http://www.squid-cache.org/

Also, looks like you might use also ipcop that resolve that wireless access in a secure way.
http://www.ipcop.org/


Warning: Using cpan as shown will take a considerable amount of time and cannot be left unattended.

The following command will  update all of your Perl packages and test them for you:

$ sudo cpan
cpan[1]> upgrade


Open a terminal a run a program on it automatically when the session starts

You could achieve this, I believe, with the "sleep" command: sleep [number] (essentially makes the terminal wait for however many seconds you put in the number field... i.e. sleep 100 would make it wait 100 seconds before closing. You could quit the terminal at any time, as well.


Unable to boot with kernel panic after updating on MacPro (Early 2008)?

Found out that two things were wrong:

My /boot was 95% full and it could not continue with the upgrade.
There was a PPA screwing it up, and I removed it from /etc/apt/sources.d/

After that I cleaned up my linux-images, and ran apt-get autoremove

It now seems to be working correctly again.


Switching workspaces on primary display only

For anyone encountering this issue, or the inverse, in 18.04+, you can change this behavior using the Gnome Tweak Tool:

Install

sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool

Run

gnome-tweaks

...or super and search "Tweaks"

Config

select Workspaces from the left-hand list (at the bottom)
under "Display Handling", select

"Workspaces on primary display only" (for all other displays as
"static")
"Workspaces span displays" (for all displays as a single, shared workspace)

Ref: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-shell/+bug/1767564/comments/6


Who created the design of the Ubuntu logo?

Basically Mark Shuttleworth. These where some of the early versions though (that led up to the currect one):

In 2008 Canonical design team, Ubuntu art team and people from all the big official versions did an overhaul of the design:

  In 2009, a small team lead by Mark Shuttleworth, conducted a review of our key brand values and identity. Based on that work, a set of visual treatments were produced, and shared with key members of the Ubuntu Art community, spanning the core distributions, derivatives, and aligned efforts like the Forums. Representatives from Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Edubuntu, Xubuntu, Mythbuntu, SpreadUbuntu and more came to London and worked with the Canonical design team to refine the designs and work together. The results of that work are presented here.

We also have Ubuntu designers. They made the Ubuntu Core logos.

The logo is called "circle of friends".

The abstract version makes that a bit difficult to see but when you see where it came from (the 1st 2 pictures) it is pretty clear: it is 3 people stretching out their arms to make a circle.


How to install DR14 T.meter on Ubuntu 19.10

Official Resources

DR14 T.meter Official Web Page
DR14 T.meter Official DEB Package (current version 1.0.15)
DR14 T.meter source on GitHub

Install on Ubuntu 19.10

# Dependencies from Ubuntu Repositories
sudo apt install lame flac vorbis-tools faad dh-python python-scipy python-numpy

# DR14 T.medter can draw spectrograms and other graphs using python-matplotlib
# If you plan to use this (really not sexy results) feature, the package will be required
# Optionnal :
sudo apt-get install python-matplotlib

# python-support is required, not available on Ubuntu repos
# but can be found on the Ubuntu Launchpad
wget "https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/python-support_1.0.15_all.deb"
sudo dpkg -i python-support_1.0.15_all.deb

# Now lets DL and Install dr14tmeter
wget "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/dr14tmeter/dr14tmeter-1.0.16/dr14tmeter_1.0.16-1_all.deb"
sudo dpkg -i dr14tmeter_1.0.16-1_all.deb

# Downloaded deb files can be deleted
# rm dr14tmeter_1.0.16-1_all.deb python-support_1.0.15_all.deb

Better option : PIP install

With python 3 and pip 3

# use 'pip -V' and 'whereis pip' to select pip python 3.x version

sudo -H pip install numpy scipy
sudo -H pip install DR14-T.meter

Usage

# Basic
cd ~/Music/An/Album
dr14_tmeter ./

# Compute multiple folders, sort result
cd ~/Music/An/Artist
find * -maxdepth 0 ! -path . -type d -exec dr14_tmeter -a -t t -o ./ {} \;


How to restore windows 7 acronis backup when ubuntu is installed

I used Acronis as well.  It doesn't have a problem doing drive backups and restorations when you have Linux installed.

In fact their CD version will backup the entire disk and it uses Linux to do that.  You could also use a awesome whole disk backup solution that is free called clonezilla.  I realize that doesn't do backups while you are using your system though like Acronis, but it does great otherwise.

Your flash drive might just be corrupted.  Ubuntu will not effect booting into your Flash drive AT ALL.

If you hit the proper bios key you can boot directly to that device.  Once you do so if it doesn't load Acronis you might wanna try reinstalling on that device by first wiping it to FAT and then reinstalling.  Or if you have the option to just burn a CD you could do that as well.

Or if you don't want to fuss with it just install clonezilla it does the same thing and can backup partitions to image files and can restore them to disk, or even different disks.


Why does the mouse cursor disappear while typing in tomboy?

Well, I don't know for Tomboy but for Google-Chrome and Chromium this is the default behavior so rather of searching what config file should be cleaned you should search what option you need to change to make it work the way you want to.


You could try to boot from USB
Just create a Live-USB with UNetbootin


Connecting with vinagre (VNC) through intermediary ssh server

I was able to simulate (I hope) your situation, if I understood it.

The need is to connect to a machine atwork's VNC server.  atwork is not accessible via ssh from the client machine athome.  However, atwork is accessible via ssh from the intermediate machine workserver.  workserver is accessible via ssh from athome.

If this is the correct scenario, I was able to connect in a similar situation. I used remmina which by default tries to connect on port 5900.  Here is how I did it using intermediate port 5901.  Adjust ports as necessary in your situation.

Set up first tunnel from athome to workserver.

ssh -L 5900:localhost:5901 -N -f -l username workserver

Set up 2nd tunnel from workserver to atwork

SSH into workserver and enter the next command.  Leave this ssh window open.

ssh -L 5901:localhost:5900 -N -f -l username atwork

Back on athome, start remmina and connect to localhost

Somewhat to my surprise, it worked.

When done, go back into the workserver ssh window and killall ssh.
Then killall ssh on athome.


PSA: Please do backups before upgrading. How to back up my entire system?

Even if your system says that you are already on 13.10, some packages may still not be configured and troubleshooting from the answer to that question might help: How do I resume a release upgrade?

If that doesn't work, you could try this workaround from the german Ubuntuusers Wiki, which saves a list of all currently installed packages and then reinstall them, that should give you a consistent system state.

dpkg --get-selections | grep "\binstall" | awk '{print $1}' > /tmp/dpkg.log
sudo xargs -n1 apt-get --reinstall install -y < /tmp/dpkg.log


Alt+F2 doesn't display the Run Command Prompt in GNOME Shell

Try deleting global_keybindings/%gconf.xml this file (You can also edit this file),   for not working user. File contains key bindings for that gnome session.
Had same problem worked for me after deleting file and resetting Alt+F2 for the run command prompt in System Settings.

global_keybindings file would be present in ~/.gconf/apps/metacity/global_keybinding/%gconf.xml

Steps to reset Alt+F2

Open  System Settings => keyboard settings window, navigate to Shortcut tabs and set the System > Show the run command prompt key with Alt+F2. To set the key, simply double-click on the list or for new key bindings right click the Show the run command prompt key and press new keys from keyboard.

Go to System Settings and click the “Keyboard” icon.

Click on the “Shortcuts” tab. On the left panel, select “System”. On the right, select the first entry “Show the run command prompt” and click on “Disabled” to activate it. You should now see “New shortcut…”


Duplicate xorg session created on Ubuntu 18.04 with Nvidia Drivers

Thanks to this questions "Why is my GDM at a different TTY than my desktop environment?" I found the reason for the two xorg sessions.  The Gnome desktop manager uses two xorg session one that acts as a greeter (login) and the other as a user session.  In the past one xorg session was created with root and later transformed into a user session.  However for future development plans the decision to separate these sessions was decided.

Read More about it here:

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=747339

  Let me explain a bit more about why we did this.

  Previously, we launched one X server as root, and then when you logged
  in, we "morphed" it into the session X server. If you went to fast
  user switching, we then launched a second X server on-demand.

  For security reasons, and Wayland porting reasons, we now launch the X
  server and Wayland server within the user's session, instead of
  starting one as root.

  The way that we do this is that we launch two X servers, one for the
  gdm greeter session, and for the session user.

  It would be entirely possible to tear-down the greeter after we've
  switched to the user session, it just requires a bit more code, but
  unfortunately it wouldn't be possible to put both the greeter session
  and the user session on VT1, since we'd have to launch the user
  session first, and then tear down the greeter session, and we can't be
  in that intermediate state while there are two X servers on the same
  VT at the same time.

  I just forgot about the resource issues around keeping around two
  gnome-shell instances. I'll have a chat with Ray to see if we want to
  tear down the greeter session and then launch it on demand for user
  switching / logout to save on resources.


You installed apache2 but you didn't install PHP or the PHP module/processor.

Run the following:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php
sudo a2enmod php
sudo service apache2 restart

That should make it work.


How to only accept e-mail from a single IP address

Well, turns out this was indeed very easy.

In main.cf include the IP address of the SmartHost:

  mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

and add this line to the end of the main.cf file:

  smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject

Reload postfix:

  sudo postfix reload

Now any connections from IP addresses not included in mynetworks will be rejected.


Acer Aspire One D255 touchpad movement & clicking issues

I have an Acer Aspire aswell, and I found that my touchpad stopped working entirely, I fixed it by installing "Synaptics Touchpad configuration" and rebooted, everything worked again. Maybe this works for you too?!


I had the same problem with the same laptop, and I "fixed" it by turning on the laptop with the monitor unplugged, and then plug in the monitor once logged in only.


It says using the flag -f. That's an option. But you can also use this:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


phpmyadmin not working anymore since switching to php7

I had the same problem after doing some updates.

I tried editing the vendor_config.php file but kept complaining, so I reverted the changes and went for the easy approach and just created a link to php-gettext with the expected name:

 cd /usr/share/php

 sudo ln -s /usr/share/php/php-gettext php-php-gettext

This solved the problem for me.


zpool made from 3 disks, configured as double-parity RAID-Z pool

To create a RAID-Z pool with 2 parity disks (raidz2), you can run:

zpool create datapool raidz2 <disk1> <disk2> <disk3> ...

You shouldn't use mdadm in this configuration at all. ZFS implements volume management itself -- using mdadm on the same devices ZFS is using will corrupt your data. Also, once you've created the pool, you can't change the data redundancy settings (unless it's on new disks you're adding, or unless you copy the data out of the existing pool, wipe, and rebuild the pool from scratch).

However, you still can't run the command above for only 3 disks if you want raidz2. The idea behind RAID-Z is basically the same as mirroring -- you want to reduce the chances that disks failing will result in data loss by storing redundant information -- except that it's supposed to reduce the total amount of redundant information you have to store to reconstruct the data if disks die. But, if you want to survive failures of all but one disk, you must have all your data on that last surviving disk, since there is no another disk you can read to reconstruct the data.

Therefore, mirroring is the best you can do with only 3 disks, if you want 2-failure redundancy:

zpool create datapool mirror <disk1> <disk2> <disk3>

However, I believe you could use raidz1 instead if 1-failure redundancy is ok:

zpool create datapool raidz1 <disk1> <disk2> <disk3>


Dell Inspiron 13 laptop speaker constant hiss

I think I may have found a solution so I'm answering my own question! It might help someone else if they're struggling anyway.
So heres what I did. I ran lsmod in a Terminal and saw that there were 3 different codecs in use:

snd_hda_codec_generic
snd_hda_codec_hdmi
snd_hda_codec_realtek

I have no idea if this is normal but I thought maybe they have something to do with it so I blacklisted them all in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf (by adding blacklist snd_hda_codec_xxxx at the end of the file). I also blacklisted snd_hda_intel just in case that was the culprit.

I then rebooted and the hissing sound was gone but so was all sound (guessing this is because of blacklisting snd_hda_intel).

So next step was to start unblacklisting the various things 1 by 1. First I unblacklisted snd_hda_intel and the hissing was still gone but the sound was back to normal!

Interestingly, even with the other 3 codecs blacklisted snd_hda_codec_generic and snd_hda_codec_hdmi still show up in lsmod. Is this because they're codecs and modules?

Anyway there is no snd_hda_codec_realtek showing so im guessing this might have been the cause of the hissing. So far I have not faced any other sound related problems so I'm not sure why snd_hda_codec_realtek was loaded but its all working so I'll leave it this way unless someone offers a better solution


I had a bunch of notes in my account. Where did they go?

As of today, notes are not accessible from the web interface. You will still be able to view (and sync) them from within Tomboy.


Click on the Main button (top-left corner) and type Main menu and click on Main menu. There browse to where the application is and find select the application you want to find the name for and click Properties. The name of the application is present in the command section.

After that, click the main button (top-left corner)  and type and click on Startup Applications. There click Add, type a name of your choice and then in the command - put the one that you copied/saw was the name of your application and click add again. And voila! Everything's done.


On shutdown, computer reboots when started via wake on lan

There's one dirty solution

a) create /etc/init.d/reshutdown with the contents

#!/bin/sh
# force shutdown (due to bug in wakeonlan)
#

case "$1" in
reshutdown)
  touch /home/shutdown.chk
  shutdown -r now
;;

start)
 if [ -f /home/shutdown.chk ];
 then
    rm /home/shutdown.chk
    shutdown -h now
 fi
;;
esac

b) Execute: sudo chmod ugo+x /etc/init.d/reshutdown
b) Execute: sudo update-rc.d reshutdown start 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 .

c) Then to shutdown execute: sudo service reshutdown reshutdown


It's perfectly normal for the black text box to appear empty. Sometimes it will show the "Loading" kernel version though:

The purpose of the box is to show terminal messages before the kernel boots and mounts it's own screen with scrolling list of kernel messages.
In this example the "black box" background image was created as cut-out image of the main screen to make it less distracting.

Putting Boot Text into box
When you boot your first kernel (last installed version) no text is displayed in the box. When you boot older kernels:

The kernel version number is displayed
The text "Loading initial ramdisk" is displayed

Although you can write a script to update /boot/grub/grub.cfg it is easiest to simply edit it:
    echo    'Loading Linux 4.15.0-42-generic ...'
        linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-42-generic root=UUID=b40b3925-70ef-447f-923e-1b05467c00e7 ro  noplymouth fastboot acpiphp.disable=1 pcie_aspm=force scsi_mod.use_blk_mq=1 vt.handoff=7 i915.enable_guc_loading=1 i915.enable_guc_submission=1 i915.edp_vswing=2 nopti nospectre_v2 nospec
    echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
    initrd  /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-42-generic

Insert the two echo lines in front of the two existing lines.
Important: After you, or more often a system update, runs sudo update-grub the changes are lost and you will have to manually edit the file again.


After installing Ubuntu
 14.04 LTS with Gnome 3, wifi was hard-blocked. I open the file and add the line blacklist wmi there

sudo vim /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

But after I run that to activate keyboard backlit sudo sensors-detect but I get

  backlit activated, wifi hard-blocked

So the solution that I found

echo "options asus_nb_wmi wapf=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/asus_nb_wmi.conf


I found a solution. Using openGL settings as I have displayed in the attached screenshot seemed to resolve the issue. Note: you do not need the "Office 2013" theme. This is a theme I turned on at a later time (it was not the cause of the problem).

Screen Grab