Logging into empathy after enabling two stage verification in Google

Try:

1) go to https://www.google.com/accounts/ManageAccount

2) click "Authorizing applications & sites" (https://www.google.com/accounts/IssuedAuthSubTokens)

3) use the "Generate new application-specific password" feature

4) add that new password to Empathy


Can I get some help with making Live USBs?

Why don't you try the LinuxLive USB Creator:

  LinuxLive USB Creator is a free and open-source software for Windows. It will help you in your journey of discovery with Linux.

  For you, LiLi creates portable, bootable and virtualized USB stick running Linux.


How to prevent /usr/lib/tracker from using lots of CPU time?

The nautilus file manager in gnome in kali linux in linked somehow to tracker process which is is /usr/lib/tracker , tracker eats lots of cpu , so i tried to

apt-get remove tracker

but seems somehow that tracker in linked to nautilus , so if you did this nautilus will not work and it you pressed on the places at the left corner of the screen it will not work , so

remove the following packages

apt-get remove tracker && apt-get remove nautilus && apt-get remove chirp

then install nemo , which is the default file manager for linux mint cinnamon

apt-get install nemo

this will solve the problem and tracker will not work anymore

do not try to change the permission of the files in /usr/lib/tracker

it will cause a problem in nautilus and will not work

and also removing tracker only will make nautilus not work

thank you for reading

UPDATE-->

sometimes the disk manager tool may appear instead if nemo when you press the places menu in the upper left corner , just remove the disk manager app , to get the name of disk manager app , go to show applications (the last button in the sandbox on the left of the desktop) , and search for disk manager ... open it .. go to help .. you will find the name of the tool , it starts with b..something , and do apt-get remove 'the app name


I think Ubuntu can't recognize your audio driver. We can follow these steps :

1) Go to terminal and type that code : aplay -l

If code plays succesfully you get your all soundcard driver installed already in your computer. If you get an error you will get an error message like this:

aplay: device_list:221: no soundcard found...

If you get an error please follow me :-)

2) Type : lspci -v

Success : At this point, you should see your sound card listed. This is a positive sign because it means that Ubuntu is detecting the presence of your soundcard, but the drivers are not installed/running. Leave your shell running since you will need it.

Error :

If it is not listed, then there are a few things that you can do.
If your soundcard is an onboard sound card, then it might be disabled in the system's BIOS. You will have to reboot and hit the key that lets you enter into the BIOS (usually Delete, F2, or F8).
If your soundcard is not onboard, make sure that it is properly
seated in the PCI slot. If your card is working under Windows then
this is not a problem.

3) Check to see if the ALSA driver for your sound card exists. Go to http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-doc/ and search for your sound card (chipset) manufacturer in the dropdown box. You'll be given a matrix of the sound cards made by the manufacturer. Try to match the chipset you found in step 2 with the driver(green hyperlink text).

Success - You will have found the driver for your soundcard's chipset.
Failure - You will have not found the driver for your soundcard chipset. (at the moment I cannot help you, but stay tuned!)

4) Now go to the terminal and type that sudo modprobe snd-

Now, press the TAB key BEFORE pressing the ENTER key to see a list of modules. Try to find the module that matches the driver you found in step 3.


My server potentially hacked . How to clean a server from rogue processes

If you're 100% sure you got hacked, the best way of action is to set up from scratch.

Sure you could maybe fix it and get your machine back, but would you really be able to trust in that installation afterwards?
Do you know you fixed all backdoors they might have installed?

And most importantly take that server offline so it cant be used for the attackers purposes.

While the machine is offline for public you might want to diagnose the breach and learn from it security wise, and then set it up from scratch. I see from your screen-shot that you have GitLab running on that machine. This should be the only data you should backup and take over, but not before scanning it thoroughly and checking the database for any rogue entries which would allow new breaches.

And forget about playing back a backup, it might contain still the hole which allowed the attacker to get in.

So back up your data and then install this machine from scratch, and foremost re-roll all passwords which might have been compromised as well in the process.

Sorry to tell you this but thats the best course of action you can take.


How to organize/sort images by EXIF image data

My favorite solution is to set the file date the same as the exif photo date. Doing this, you can sort the files using any file explorer tool.

Install jhead (apt-get install jhead)
Go to the photos directory and run  this command jhead -ft *. This will set the file date in the filesystem with the create date of the exif metadata
Now just go to the top menu (in Ubuntu you most go with the mouse through the top of the monitor screen), select View → Sort Images → By Date.


The syntax of rename (basically) is pretty simple:

rename perlexpr filemask

You can use such perlexpr to perform your task:

s/draft\\.//

Notice that backslashes are for escaping dot, since it means any symbol when not escaped. Normal slashes define empty string. Syntax of this trivial perlexpr is s/fromstr/tostr/.


ERROR - Get temperature failed for Adapter=1

I had the same problem which solved by editing xorg.conf file.

Make backup of current xorg.conf by:

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.old

Make new xorg.conf by:

sudo aticonfig --adapter=all --initial

Edit /etc/init/gpu-manager.conf by commenting first four rows:

#start on (starting lightdm
#          or starting kdm
#          or starting xdm
#          or starting lxdm)
task
exec gpu-manager --log /var/log/gpu-manager.log

Reboot
Try to get temps by:

aticonfig --adapter=ALL --od-gettemperature


Where does winetricks store downloaded components

I tested installing 7zip and it put the installer in ~/.cache/winetricks and the actual data in ~/.wine

If you were migrating, I would look at recursively copying ~/.wine

For more complex packages, you would probably want to look at /usr/lib32/wine/ since that's where the fakedlls part resides.  I don't know that a particular winetrick drops files there, but it would seem logical.


On Ubuntu 12.04 the problem can be cured by blacklisting "rpcsec_gss_krb5" module.
Just add "blacklist rpcsec_gss_krb5" at the end of "/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf".

Of course, such solution is appropriate if you do not use Kerberos.
You can find more details on this bug here and here.


In computers and networking, it isn't rare to see that your host name is "localhost". On nearly every platform localhost is the name of your computer in terms of local area networking. I would recommend reading this here, if you want to learn a bit more about "Localhost".

It is also good to note that while possible, it's hard to download something malicious that can do what you are describing from the Linux application repository. There's nothing to be worried about, unless your actual username was indeed something else, and it changed to "Localhost". I've never seen or heard of such cases, so you might be in a bit too deep if that was actually the case.

I believe doing a simple

hostname

in your terminal would help you determine if it was actually changed or not.


My PATH variable resets itself when closing terminal

Add export PATH="$PATH:<YourPath>" at the end of ~/.profile and don't forget to delete .bash_profile if you have it, because bash doesn't look at .profile if .bash_profile exists (per Why ~/.bash_profile is not getting sourced when opening a terminal?).


Problems trying to install Ubuntu 18.10 in Aspire A515-51

From screen you submitted looks like you can continue in the process. If you do not have any paralel system on notebook you probably will not damage anything.

dispositivo donde instalar el cargador de aaranque
google translator: device where to install the boot loader

I suppose, that /dev/sda will be created through the installation. But rather wait for better answer. Also those + - buttons could create and delete partitions.


The first field is the storage backend you want to mount. In case of tmpfs, there is none storage backend.

From man fstab

  The first field (fs_spec).
  ...
  For filesystems with no storage, any string can be used, and will show up in df(1) output, for example.
  Typical usage is proc' for procfs;mem', none', ortmpfs' for tmpfs.
  ...


Electronics generally work 100% or zero percent. Mechanical devices such as hard drives do have indicators of impending failure as per SMART reporting which you already know about.
Fans
Fans have impending failure indicators but that is based on your hearing and listening for indicators such as oscillating speeds, squealing bearings, etc.
CPU
Another potential indicator of a degrading fan is CPU heat level. On a laptop means fan exhaust vents are clogged or RPM is too low. It could also mean CPU / motherboard needs a dust cleaning with compressed air (don't use your breath which contains moisture). It could also mean your CPU heat sink needs to be reseated with new thermal paste.
RAM
If your machine locks up and display a bad memory error you can test your RAM following these instructions: How to check for errors in RAM via linux?.
If the RAM checker finds a bad memory block you can blacklist it using these instructions: Is there a way of limiting the Kernel's memory manager to use only 75% of memory?
NVMe PCIe M.2 Gen 3.0 x 4 (or 2) SSD
If you have an SSD they're life span is measured in trillions of writes. Your SMART utility already measures SSD life but not for NVMe SSDs. For that you need nvme-cli. To install it use:
sudo apt install nvme-cli

Next gather information available from SSD:
$ sudo nvme smart-log /dev/nvme0
Smart Log for NVME device:nvme0 namespace-id:ffffffff
critical_warning                    : 0
temperature                         : 40 C
available_spare                     : 100%
available_spare_threshold           : 10%
percentage_used                     : 0%
data_units_read                     : 12,539,332
data_units_written                  : 10,623,582
host_read_commands                  : 281,194,884
host_write_commands                 : 96,528,713
controller_busy_time                : 672
power_cycles                        : 1,677
power_on_hours                      : 687
unsafe_shutdowns                    : 105
media_errors                        : 0
num_err_log_entries                 : 279
Warning Temperature Time            : 0
Critical Composite Temperature Time : 0
Temperature Sensor 1                : 40 C
Temperature Sensor 2                : 51 C
Temperature Sensor 3                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 4                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 5                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 6                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 7                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 8                : 0 C

The most important field is Percentage used which shows as 0%. This isn't disk usage percent but life used percent. The drive was purchased in October 2017 and it was still 0% in December 2018. The Percentage used hit 1% on October 2020. At this rate the NVMe SSD lifespan will be 300 years. Of course it will be obsolete well before then...
System Monitor on desktop with conky
Many people like to show their system status (and health) on a portion of their desktop. I like to keep my Conky running on the right 20% of my primary monitor:

Note: The 97% CPU usage on single CPU is caused by screen recorder itself.
To learn more about conky and CPU usage see: How do I stress test CPU and RAM (at the same time)?


Connect to sftp/ssh via nautilus during a VNC session

Found the answer here.  Before you launch nautilus, run the dbus-launch command in the terminal in your vnc session:

$ dbus-launch bash
$ nautilus &

Nautilus now behaves as usual when you type an "ssh://" or "smb://" address in the location bar.


Changing sensitivity on a Zowie gaming mouse

Could you try:

 xinput --set-prop pointer:"Kingsis Peripherals ZOWIE Gaming mouse"  "libinput Accel Speed" -1

to slow it down, you might also try -0.5 etc. Negative to slow down, positive to speed up, range from -1 to 1.

If that doesn't help (or doesn't do what you want), you can also try:

xinput --set-prop pointer:"Kingsis Peripherals ZOWIE Gaming mouse" "Coordinate Transformation Matrix" 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 10

Change the 10 at the end between 0.1 and 20 or so (I actually have no idea what the range is, you can put 100 and it will work, with very small movements of the pointer when zooming all over your desk with the mouse), larger than 1 is slower, negative is inversion of direction.

As you may have guessed, I also have a mouse that has no Deceleration property...


Create inside the /media directory the directory where you want to mount your dvd. In example

mkdir /media/sasha

Then figure out where your dvd can be found using the command lshw and look for something like /dev/srX where X is a digit.

In my case the dvd was on sr0 so I needed to execute:

mount -t iso9660 -o loop /dev/sr0 /media/sasha


No Internet, but Wifi connection after Update to Ubuntu 14.04 (64-bit) from 13.10

This may be due to incomplete updating try to connect to the wifi from command line, following links will guide you how to do that.

How do I connect to a WPA wifi network using the command line?

iwconfig usage for WEP access point?

If you are able to connect it will identify the problem was in updates. Then you can use sudo apt-get update and subsequently upgrade to take care of the issue


Ubuntu should take about a half hour to install, but it took about 4 hours or so to completely install Ubuntu on your USB stick. This could be caused by a bad USB stick. Laggy and meager performance happens sometimes when you try to connect a full installation of Ubuntu on a USB stick to your computer's hardware via a USB port. Try using a different USB stick or a different USB port. You might have better luck using a cheap portable SSD, but thumb drive form factor SSDs are prohibitively expensive for most users.
These diagrams will help you to troubleshoot the boot problem further.

(Click images to enlarge)


How do I make Gnome (and Gnome applications) automatically detect a wvdial connection?

There are 3 possible solutions:

make NetworkManager recognize your CDMA modem (via ModemManager)
make wvdial support the NetworkManager dbus protocol
find another tool that supports both


freshclam warning: "DNS record is older than 3 hours."

You have a DNS problem and freshclam is just warning you about it...

(The clue to that is in the label WARNING)  ;-) :P

As you didn't provide any DNS information, it's hard to pinpoint the exact source of the issue (I wouldn't even call it a problem), but probably you've got an ISP that doesn't refresh its DNS resolver very frequently.

2 options:

Change your DNS to a better maintained one manually (E.G. here is a list, take the one with the lowest ping and the highest reliability)
Contact your ISP, complain bitterly, refer them here telling them you've got a 173000 user blog and that you'll expose them as a shitty not very reliable ISP and maybe they'll do something about it so you and all of your ISP's users will benefit.


Error while installing Network Simulator 2

Please use the 2014 - 2017 update "ns-allinone-2.35_gcc5.tar.gz" https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNVVlxR0ZNRGVORjQ/view?usp=sharing
Install an ns2 compiler: $ sudo apt install g++-4.8
And build ns2 with the command export CC=gcc-4.8 CXX=g++-4.8 && ./install
ns2 INFO https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FCjn-9fkR7tKeqClUpHsleaEdnoKRZzq/view?usp=sharing

Also ref. your closed question at stackoverflow :

configure: error: Installation of tcl seems incomplete or can't be
found automatically.

You cannot necessarily use ./configure in ns-2.35 ! That was for previous ns2 versions. The ./install command in ns-allinone-2.35 will take care of the right configuration sequence. Please do
cd ns-allinone-2.35/
export CC=gcc-4.8 CXX=g++-4.8 && ./install


How to use the terminal on Ubuntu 14.04 to connect to remote bluetooth device?

Try this for a temporary connection, use the address of the device '18:57:12:47:57:97'

sudo hidd --connect 18:57:12:47:57:97

Read this wiki https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BluetoothSetup for more information


i want to install AMD Radeon HD 7670M on ubuntu 13.04

There are two options I know:
1.  that you disable your graphic card from BIOS and your pc/laptop will use the Intel hd400 graphics and it will not heat up.
2.  if i am not mistaking you have Hp ProBook 4540s with discrete graphic card if yes then goto the  link Linux Drivers for ProBook 4540s,
download the driver for Graphic Card from the link that file will be of .tar Extract it and then convert the .rpm file into .deb you can do this by alien command and you will be ready to install it.

after installing those you will still have the heat issue because Linux/Ubuntu does not support switchable graphic card yet i guess, or its really challenging. So i would suggest you option 1 until you find a way to install the switchable Radeon Graphics.


Trying to install Ubuntu 15.10 onto a USB still writes EFI to main HDD

You bumped into a known bug 1173457 in grub of always installing to the primary EFI instead of where you indicate.  However, you are also confused by the new UEFI boot mechanism -- The Ubuntu bootloaders (shim, grub) get put into the EFI filesystem in their own directory, /EFI/ubuntu, not overwriting anything Windows.  The simple solution is just to copy the primary disk's EFI filesystem over to the USB, and select it for the first boot device.  The other gotcha is that Ubuntu's grub is still unable to boot Windows with secure boot enabled, you will need to use the EFI boot menu (some function key at power-up to select device/oses), or disable secure boot.

Do add yourself to the bug "list" on 1173457 (the "does this bug affect me question).  Since a second person has never added themselves, this bug, filed in 2013, has never even gotten to "confirmed", so maybe that's why it was never fixed.

Good question about the updates, but even if they go to the wrong ESP, the old versions keep working, so you might never know.


Computer becomes unreachable on lan after some time

PING 192.168.1.4 (192.168.1.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.1.3 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable

ping is not somehow mysteriously reaching .3 in its quest for .4 -- you must go through .3 to get to .4, and this is .3 telling you it can't reach .4 to complete the connection.

This message usually comes from a gateway or even your localhost. The latter is more likely since gateways are usually .1s. What is your laptop's IP? Does it otherwise have internet connectivity? If so, this may be a problem with your router rather than with the computers.


You just need to chown the directory back to yourself.

sudo chown -R user /home/user


As far as I understand, the CIFS share is shared on a Windows machine and mounted on Ubuntu...  If my assumption is correct, just define UID "root" with the same PWD on the Windows machine.  If not, leave a note @Fabby and I'll delete my answer...


Teamviewer 8 on Kubuntu 13.04 won't start

Have you installed the ia32-libs package? I installed team viewer recently on a 12.04 kubuntu box and I had to install that package to make it work.


What is the meaning and format of LANGUAGE?

LANGUAGE determines the order of preference for user interface message localization with gettext. http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#The-LANGUAGE-variable


How can I install an older version of LOVE Games Development?

OMG! Words works with the LOVE version in the Precise repositories which is version 0.7.2.  Probably the newest 0.8 breaks the game and that's why it doesn't run using that version.

So you don't need the PPA nor you don't have to use the older releases of LOVE, simply download the deb file from the article and install it.


On server 1: MySQL (server)
On server 2: Apache + Php + Mysqlclient (to communicate with server 1)


Figured out the problem was with the proxy server. I forgot that Apache processes things in the order they appear, so I needed to place /billing in front of the /. For example, in the conf file for the domain,

ProxyPass /billing http://hoststmachine:2080/billing/

THEN

ProxyPass / http://hostmachine:12000/


exec: 2508: /tmp/install.dir.30906/Linux/resource/jre/bin/java: not found

This error occurs because the installer is itself a 32-bit binary using 32-bit binaries, which may cause problems on a 64-bit machine. It needs 32-bit libraries installed.

On an Ubuntu 64-bit Linux machine, to work around this issue, install the package "ia32-libs":

sudo apt-get install ia32-libs


What's eating my internet bandwidth? Incompatibility between nethogs and System Monitor's Network History

Make sure that pulseaudio isn't set to broadcast in your sound settings. I had the same "issue" with about 200KB/s showing up and nothing shows up in nethogs.


Can't uninstall games i downloaded from steam Ubuntu 20.04

Make sure you're not running any of the games and then try this:
steamcmd +apps_installed +quit

This will list all the applications installed using steam. find your application id and try this command:
steamcmd +app_uninstall appid-complete +quit

Replace appid with the one you need from the list you've got from running the previous command.
Let us know if you're successfull.


Intel Graphics issue on Ubuntu 16.04 laptop

I know this isn't much of a fix but upgrading to 17.10 fixed everything. I'm hopping 18.04 will continue support.


You should re-install ibus:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ibus

After a clean install of 13.10, Ibus input sources were not showing up in the list of input sources in Text Entry. There were only keyboard layouts.

After reinstalling Ibus and rebooting, Ibus input methods were listed correctly in Text Entry, including ibus-unikey.


Remotely Access Server using SSH with OpenVPN Client Running

Of course netplan works and you can set routing with it. But for this use case there is much easier solution, use sshuttle.

establish your VPN tunnel
sshuttle -r user@ip_of_vpn_server your_home_network_address
and suddenly your machine behaves like it was in your home network, you can access all your home IPs like from home

Example

conenction to VPN server established
lets say VPN server address on VPN tunnel is 10.0.0.1
lets say your home network is 192.168.10.0/24
lets say you ssh to vpn server using user ubuntu
sshuttle -r ubuntu@10.0.0.1 192.168.10.0/24
that's it

note: sshuttle will run iptables commands so it will use sudo


Can I install Ubuntu 16.04 on Macbook 11,1?

Found the instructions https://github.com/konklone/ubuntu/blob/master/macbook.md

Please check and report if they help.


bluetoothctl write on descriptor to enable notification

Once you have established the connection, in bluetoothctl select the characteristics attribute to which you want to enable the notification using "select-attribute" after this you can enable notification using "acquire-notify"


Connect to Google Talk without giving access to my full Google Account

Open System Settings -> Online Accounts

And add a Jabber account using our Google Credentials.

Google Talk is using Jabber/XMPP so you can add an account in every messenger by just entering username@gmail.com as a Jabber/XMPP username.

Add TLS for security.


Finally. This is the 1st cpu hotplug for ubuntu. It's not much, but it's the best i can do for now for the older multi core processors that have big battery drain.

Download the script from the link below, make it executable and then copy paste it in /etc/init.d using terminal.

sudo cp /<path to the script>/hotplug.sh /etc/init.d

then update rc.d to execute it on boot

sudo update-rc.d hotplug.sh defaults

done. now your laptop will consume a lot less battery than before.

There is no need to improve the script further and add  a check for each cpu core , because it will increase load. Newer cpus have a C state to do that and that doesn't have a big impact to the load but in this case if we make a huge script to run all the time without rest, it will definately increase load and we will lose stability and smoothness.

Download link


Gnome is abstracting the low level media key press events away from individual programs, and using dbus instead. There is quite a bit of workaround to get the "old way" back.

BUT, There is a bug in gnome-settings-daemon that was corrected in version 3.32.1. Ubuntu 19+ pulls in the fixed version, so anyone running 18 or below is affected, unless they patch GSD.

See my answer here: https://askubuntu.com/a/1241511/619638


How do I update Xubuntu 11.10 to Xubuntu 12.04 LTS?

If you have Xubuntu installed, the upgrade to Ubuntu 12.04 option will upgrade to Xubuntu 12.04.


The problem here is that, for some reason, the libsqlite3 i386 library was missing, even though it was installed as per apt and there are no dependency problems. To fix this, just reinstall the package (sudo apt-get install --reinstall libsqlite3-0:i386).


Bind byobu window to Ctrl+Shift+T shortcut

Just add next line at the end of ~/.bashrc file (you can open it with gedit ~/.bashrc command from terminal):

byobu

or

byobu-screen


Performing the following sequence fixed the issue:
View - Layout - Folder pane


Creating a disk image while a disk is mounted

The Unix tool for this task is dd, which is described in the linked question. This can be scheduled using crontab or similar, and does not require booting from a live USB or CD.


I did a newbie mistake and trashed my stick computer

The Intel Compute Stick (ICS), STCK1A8LFC, was originally $110 when released
in 2015, but now is $35 from Amazon with free shipping. The UEFI stick
has an Intel quad core Atom (Z3735F @ 1.33GHz),  and comes with 1G
memory,  8G storage ( 48MiB EFI, 1.2GiB install, 935MiB swap, and 4.9GiB root), wireless 802.11bgn, Bluetooth 4.0, micro SD slot, USB 2.0, and HDMI output.  Not listed in the specs at all is the fact that it also comes with  64 bit Ubuntu 14.04.   The enclosed instruction sheet gives a firmware download site,
downloadcenter.intel.com, so download the stick's latest UEFI firmware
patch, FC0040.bio, and put it on a FAT/USB stick in preparation to flash
the stick. Flash the firmware before doing anything else, many
problems have been fixed.
  You will need a USB keyboard, and it must initialize quickly when powered up, because the time to press a function key is very short.  Use a powered hub if necessary (power usually not needed for just a keyboard, mouse and USB storage).

The firmware version and date on the shipped stick,
FCBT10H.86A.0024.2015.0522.1757, is now 16 versions out of date. This
information may be found by typing F2 at power-on (be quick at the
message), and going into the UEFI settings.

Download the OS independent firmware patch for STCK1A8LFC (FC0040.bio) from

https://downloadcenter.intel.com/product/86613/Intel-Compute-Stick-STCK1A8LFC
wget https://downloadcenter.intel.com/downloads/eula/28922/BIOS-Update-FCBYT10H-86A-?httpDown=https%3A%2F%2Fdownloadmirror.intel.com%2F28922%2Feng%2FFC0040.bio

Hashcheck the download (MD5 supplied just above the download button).
Put the firmware patch, FC0040.bio,  on a USB stick with a FAT
filesystem, and with that in the hub, at boot, type F7 to flash the
firmware. Select the USB containing the flash file, then the
FC0040.bio file. Flashing takes about 5 minutes, and eliminates all
of the problems reported in the early reviews.  New firmware versions
are periodically released, so check back every few months for a new one
(for security updates).

The flashed stick should have no problems booting from the micro SD card or a USB stick in a hub, and installing to a micro SD card or USB stick.  The internal storage is limited to 7.1 GiB even if you resize the root to include the install partition (keeping the swap of 935MiB).  An Xubuntu install on a 16G USB is 6.4G, so it will fit, but you will not be happy with performance if swapping is  induced.  Installing Lubuntu or Xubuntu 16.04 to a micro SD card will make a usable system.  Putting a Debian 10 or AntiX 19 on the internal space results in a more responsive system.

The 4.19 kernel version has fully functional capabilities (HDMI sound, wifi, bluetooth) on this hardware. You will need to upgrade the kernel over the standard Lubuntu 18.04 to get bluetooth.  Use the hwe packages to put on the latest Ubuntu kernel.  Tailor the kernel boot line by adding "intel_idle.max_cstate=1 zswap.enabled=1 zswap.compressor=lz4" at the "quiet splash".


how to find system parts version numbers?

You can run dpkg -l | grep package_name to get its version. It's not always clear what the exact name is, so here are some suggestions for 12.04:

ii  libgtk2.0-0      2.24.10-0ubuntu6.1      GTK+ graphical user interface library

ii  libglib2.0-0     2.32.4-0ubuntu1         GLib library of C routines

ii  libc-bin         2.15-0ubuntu10.5        Embedded GNU C Library: Binaries

For java, please see this question.

Alternatively, just search http://packages.ubuntu.com.


What is wrong when the X display does not cover 100% of the framebuffer on a HP2540p laptop

It seems like

$ unity --reset &

Solves the problem, there is probably a synchronisation issue between the display setup and the window manager.


Google-chrome tab fonts in Kubuntu look ugly, how to fix this?

System Settings > Appearance > Fonts

Enable anti-aliasing

Use subpixel rendering with "Slight" Hinting.

Result:


Shell script with select command to show a list of files

Use a shell glob instead of ls:

select option in "Exit" "$1"/*
.
.
.
elif [ -n "$option" ]; then
  ls "$option"
else
.
.
.


If you connect an external screen, your device's screen will become a touch pad to interact with the mouse pointer at the external screen. If you click to an area, where a keyboard is needed, the on screen keyboard will automatically pop up on the device's screen, so that the upper half if screen will remain as touch pad.

Connecting a bluetooth mouse will force your device into convergenced mode, even if there is no external screen. Connecting a keyboard will prevent, that the onnscreen keyboard pops up.
You can use any type of bluetooth mouse or keyboard, which supports the normal bluetooth standard of your device. I recommend to use english keyboard layout because others are not supported, yet.


After update to 12.04 LTS 64bit I got an update that I cannot install: "Multi-arch versions of former ia32-libraries"

Install Synaptic Package Manager.
Second: Search for ia32-libs-multiarch.
Right click and mark for upgrade then apply. (If you see something about Fluendo your problem will be resolved after this finishes.)

If that doesn't work, try this.


Mailx still works.  Try this.

echo "This is a test" | mailx -s "Test01" mcjorch

This will send an email with the subject Test01 to the mcjorch account on the local machine.  The body will be whatever was read in from stdin.

You can do other things to get mail forwarded to some other email address (i.e. forwarding).  You need to know what your mail system is to know how to configure that stuff.

Hope this helps.


you should have gvfs-backends on your System.

search with

grep 107e /lib/udev/rules.d/69-libmtp.rules

If your device is in the 69-libmtp udev rule.

If not create the file /etc/udev/rules.d/90-huawei.rules
with following content.

ATTR{idVendor}=="12d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="107e", SYMLINK+="libmtp-%k", MODE="660", GROUP="audio", ENV{ID_MTP_DEVICE}="1", ENV{ID_MEDIA_PLAYER}="1"

Let udev read his rules with sudo udevadm control -R

Plugin your phone again. Don't forget to enable  USB file sharing again. Run

mtp-detect

Any errors?

but I'm running ubuntu bionic.


Does Ubuntu have a MS Office equivalent?

The direct answer to your question is, "No". There is no "Ubuntu" branded Office Suite.
Ubuntu is an operating system (with a graphical desktop environment), like MacOS, Windows, Android, and many others.
Canonical has been developing the Ubuntu operating system with the help of community volunteers since 2004. Although Canonical does create other software, they do not offer an Office Suite like MS Office in their portfolio of products.
Just as the Windows operating system can run software from different vendors as long as the software is written to run on Windows, Ubuntu can run software from different vendors as long as the software is written to run on Ubuntu (or an equivalent Linux based operating system).
Some of the software Ubuntu runs is Open Source, which means the code is not secretly guarded, unlike most Microsoft or Apple code which is proprietary.
Of course, Ubuntu can also run proprietary software, and the software may be either free or may costs money to purchase.
The other answer here lists some Open Source and Free (no cost) Office Suites.
I'll add a few more that have Propietary licenses; these have versions you can run on Ubuntu, and they have paid or unpaid versions:

ONLYOFFICE Desktop Editors
SoftMaker Office
WPS Office


using grep for particular lines in text files

A quick one liner would be:

$ awk '$5 == '0' || $5 == '15' ||  $5 == '30' ||  $5 == '45' {print}' test.txt

As fedorqui mentioned in the comment below and even quicker one liner is:

$ awk '$5 ~ /^(0|15|30|45)$/' test.txt

Syntax explaned:

$5  - the desired column from the text.
~   - the match symbol... matching was between the two slashes (/).
^/$ - the regex symbols indicating the beginning and end of the field.
|   - the or specifier for either item in the "()" group.

The header is filtered out by only accepting lines that match the items following the match ~  criteria.


Can I install Ubuntu on a Lenovo E520-1143?

If you are using Ubuntu for the first time, you are advised to experience Ubuntu through Live CD or Bootable USB disks. You can download and create these from Ubuntu website. Insert the CD/USB and boot from it. By default certain codecs such as for video, audio flash etc are not shipped with Ubuntu. Still you can experience all other applications and everything. Take it from me, if you are pretty satisfied in overall experience from Live CD/USB, you do not need to bother about audio and video. If you want to install Ubuntu, you can do it along with the Current Windows 7. It is not a hectic thing to install Ubuntu since it is designed in such a way that a basic computer literate can install Ubuntu. Follow on screen instructions and you can make it. Once installation is complete, open Ubuntu software centre and serach for Ubuntu Restricted extras. It is around 100 MB file containing codec for audio video flash java etc. For better video experience you can even try VLC player. That's it. This all you need to run a fully loaded Ubuntu on your lap/desktop.

Please revert for any clarifications.


why is my ubuntu 14.04 32 bit fresh install painfully slow on my fitpc2

you should use this http://lubuntu.net/ or this http://xubuntu.org/ as you only just meet the minimum system requierments for Ubuntu Unity.

You have 1GB of RAM the minimum for Unity 3d, also I think you have a integrated GPU, they suck.

As you can see you barely scrape past the minimum specs, that is why it is slow.

The minimum spec is what you need to install and the reccommended spec (twice your PC) is what you need for a good expiriance.

Also this would work on you PC Linux mint, again this may run slow though, there are many distros out there with lower spec than Unity.


How do I install Bumblebee on Nvidia 540M in 12.04?

First, get rid of the Nouveau driver:

sudo apt-get purge xserver-xorg-video-nouveau

Then install Bumblebee:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install bumblebee

Now you can run stuff on the NVidia card like so:

optirun <command>

This works for me (I have a 520M) but you may want to do this on a fresh installation of Ubuntu if X isn't working (I can get it running out of the box and you should too).

And there isn't a real reason to run X on the NVidia card; there's no real performance boost. The NVidia card only helps if you're running a game that uses a lot of GPU power.


Screen needs mode 777 with systemd service

The directory needs full permissions to read, write, and execute.

You can do this command chmod -R 777 /var/run/screen

Which will recursively change all folders/files permissions to 777, though typically less secure.

You can also run sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/run/screen

This will allow a typical user/or group full access, and will be more secure.


Security of my built-in webcam and microphone

I think the only common plugin that can access your webcam or microphone is Flash, and you can configure it to not allow that.

And if you know what driver (kernel module) your webcam uses, you can blacklist that module.

But maybe a more realistic option is to use a browser plugin like NoScript, that allows you to disable plugins like flash for all sites except those you approve of.


This might be because useradd didn't create a home directory for your new user. You should use

adduser xyz

instead and avoid using useradd since it is a backend command needing more input.

See also this answer, man useradd and man adduser.

Or
if you still want to use useradd use at least

useradd -m xyz

to create a home directory. But this still might be insufficient.

Before starting now you might want to remove the user you created wrong by

userdel xyz

so you can create it again correctly without problems.

Anyway:
If you have a GUI it might be easier to just use the GUI for adding the new user (usually somewhere in System-settings -> Accounts). This might also solve some problems with usergroups which might appear as @Videonauth pointed out.


Lost access to Admin rights, account on Standard, need to get switched back

If that account is part of sudoers, try changing the password for root.

sudo passwd root

And give a new password. It could work if your account is in the sudoers list


How to create a live system on usb-drive with persistent changes on disk/hdd

That's extremely easy if you use the following set-up:

Install Ubuntu on an SLC USB stick (USB 3.0 preferred if your hardware supports it) without any of the casper stuff (just a normal install, treating the USB stick as an SSD.)

Why? The SLCs are twice as expensive as the MLCs but they are 4 times faster and last 8* longer!  So they really are small SSDs on a stick!
Optimize the system and treat the USB stick as a small SSD, so:

In your /etc/sysctl.conf add:

# Fabby: change the "swappiness" to 10 to prevent swapping as much as possible
# to not wear out the USB stick as the Ubuntu default is optimized for a server.
# 10 to balance with vfs_cache_pressure
vm.swappiness = 10

# Fabby: Lower vfs_cache_pressure to 75%
# (once cached, probably not immediately needed any more)
#
# This percentage value controls the tendency of the kernel to reclaim
# the memory which is used for caching of directory and inode objects.
#
# At the default value of vfs_cache_pressure=100 the kernel will attempt to
# reclaim dentries and inodes at a "fair" rate with respect to pagecache and
# swapcache reclaim.  Decreasing vfs_cache_pressure causes the kernel to prefer
# to retain dentry and inode caches.
vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 75

# Fabby: Good to improve sequential reads (stop stuttering in movie play)
# Can also be implemented per disk using udev rules
vm.max-readahead=2048
vm.min-readahead=1024

In your /etc/fstab add the bold paramaters to your boot USB line. (It'll probably be sdc or sdd. The below is an example, use UID if possible)

/dev/sdc / ext4 defaults,noatime,discard,errors=remount-ro 0 1
create 2 users: an admin user which has its home directory on the USB stick but has very little files and a normal user that will have its home directory on the HDD.
Only now insert the HDD and add the necessary HDD info to your fstab to auto-mount the HDD and add the following parameters:

nobootwait,nofail

to allow booting even when the HDD is not present (If that's the case, only the admin user will have access, not the normal user)
Now log in as the admin user and move the home directory for the normal user from the USB stick to the HDD:

    cp --preserve=all /home/NormalUser/* /media/ExternalHDD/NormalUser

If all is OK:

rm --recursive --force /home/NormalUser/*
cd /home
ln --symbolic /media/ExternalHDD/NormalUser

Done!  :-)

For the record: I have a 16GB USB 2.0 MLC stick just like this (more then enough for my use-case and not too expensive and it's about 5 years old now and still running!)


Non programmable method to edit indicators

The only possible way I could think to change the "appearance" of an indicator is to change its icon.  Other than that, you'd have to edit the underlying code/script...which is the best way to learn!


sudo adduser newuser

It will ask for password of newuser.

Create a bash script, for example: deleteuser.sh

Script:

#!/bin/sh
deluser --remove-all-files newuser

To execute a script at shutdown

Put your script in /etc/rc0.d
Make it executable (sudo chmod +x deleteuser.sh)
Note: The scripts in this directory are executed in alphabetical
order


Problem installing video driver in Ubuntu 14.10

For Ubuntu 12.04, 12.10 and 13.04 the AMD Catalyst PPA (ppa:makson96/fglrx) provides AMD Catalyst Legacy 13.1 (fglrx 8.97.100.7) drivers for Radeon HD 2xxx - 4xxx for Ubuntu.

To install the Catalyst Legacy 13.1 graphics driver, run the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:makson96/fglrx
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install fglrx-legacy

For Ubuntu 14.04 and beyond, support for the AMD Catalyst Legacy driver from a PPA has been discontinued, and you should use the built-in open source graphics driver, or else you can install Ubuntu 12.04 and use the AMD Catalyst Legacy driver in Ubuntu 12.04 until April, 2017.

You also can't install the AMD Catalyst 13.1 Proprietary Linux x86 Display Driver from the official AMD website in Ubuntu 14.04 and beyond. The AMD Catalyst 13.1 Proprietary Linux x86 Display Driver from the official AMD website only supports Xserver up to 1.12 and Linux kernel version up to 3.4. In Ubuntu 14.04, both Xserver and the Linux kernel would have to be downgraded in order to install the AMD Catalyst 13.1 Proprietary Linux x86 Display Driver, which is not easy to do and would also cause many unpleasant consequences.


caps lock reassigned while upgrading 18.04 to 20.04

You need to install gnome-tweaks for this. Run sudo apt install gnome-tweaks in terminal to install gnome-tweaks.

Open gnome-tweaks, from app drawer.
Select keyboard & mouse in the left column.

3. Click on the Additional Layout Options and scroll down to Switching to another layout.

Uncheck the Caps Lock button, and select a button, if you wish to assign any, and you are good to go.


command line tool that will return sound volume ubuntu 12.04

Hopefully this will get you started (note the professional way would be hooking into the api http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/Developer/):

#!/usr/bin/python
import subprocess
output = subprocess.check_output("pacmd list-sinks".split())
on_active_sink = False
i_want_as_db = False
for index, line in enumerate(output.splitlines()):
  line = line.split()
  if ['*', 'index:'] == line[:2]:
    on_active_sink = True
    continue
  if on_active_sink and 'volume:' == line[0]:
    if not i_want_as_db:
      print line[2]
      break
    else:
      print output.splitlines()[index + 1].split()[1]
      break


How do I prevent auto-completion in Terminal from escaping the $ sign

This one is complex. It is not really a bug, but an unintended consequence of a feature: see this discussion.

But yes, that is the behavior of bash 4.2, and many people have complained that it is a bug. The solution is to either downgrade the bash to the 4.1 version, or upgrade it to 4.2.29, where this bug has been ironed out.

A temporary solution is described here

shopt -s cdable_vars
complete -v -F _cd $nospace $filenames cd


Downloaded Kubuntu 12.10 and installed Ubuntu 11.10

I can only assume that you have inadvertently downloaded the wrong image. My advice would be to download the appropriate image from here and reinstall.

P.s Welcome to Ask Ubuntu


Wi-Fi connection does not roam on Ubuntu 18.04

From the comments...
Booting to a Ubuntu Live 20.04.1 DVD/USB and roaming works.
Upgrade from 18.04 to 20.04.1 on your Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon 6th generation laptops.


I was found the answer. I was created the manager.xml file on $CATALINA_BASE/conf/Catalina/localhost/manager.xml path.
In file I was put this text:

<Context privileged="true" antiResourceLocking="false" docBase="${catalina.home}/webapps/manager">
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve" allow="^.*$" />

Hope it helps anyone!


New connection doesn't show up in list of networks

How did you set up the new wired connection? It should be automatically recognised when you plug an ethernet cable in.

Generally the Network Manager works well, you may want to read the Community Documentation for Network Manager and follow the steps there to create the new wired network.


either

-boot in single-user mode (from grub: press e then add single at the end of the line starting with linux), or

-boot from live-cd and mount your root fs (/)

then rename your /etc/X11/xorg.conf file (mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.failing - the path will obviously be different if you mounted your fs from a live-cd)


This is because you created a file logging.py or a folder logging that is on the PYTHONPATH and that conflicts with the logging module required for pip to work.


As I know: chroot means changing root.

  chroot on Unix-like operating systems is an operation that changes the apparent root directory for the current running process and its children.
  [from here]

You are changing your running system's root; So your system (A) is still running everything you see is a part of your running system and you can't simply unmount its busy resources (block devices).

Also the system you are changing your root to (B), is not capable of doing any stuff without A's help. As an example, I guess you used a command like mount --bind /xxx /mnt/xxx to bind paths like /proc or /dev as a part of chroot process; These paths are being manged by your running system's (A) and are necessary to the chrooted environment (B).

You simply can't do what you are tring to do.

As Wikipedia says, the usages of chroot are:

Testing and development
Dependency control
Compatibility
Recovery
Privilege separation

To run a graphical program from your chrooted environment (B inside A); You should permit the access to the running X.

Out side of chroot environment run (open another terminal):

xhost +local:
echo $DISPLAY

Then export what you get as an output into your chrooted environment:

export DISPLAY=[output of above command]

Now you should be able to run graphical applications.

Source

I can't get why are you doing this, just boot into a live disk, apply your changes, chroot to your different machines to fix anything if it's necessary. then reboot and use your systems.


How to force subtitles in VLC to display at bottom

Click "Tools" on VLC's main menu bar. Click "Preferences" on the drop-down menu.

Click the "Subtitles & OSD" icon in the left-hand pane of the Preferences window.

Enter a value into the "Force subtitle position" text box at the bottom of the "Subtitles & On Screen Display Settings" window. A positive value moves the subtitles upward on the screen; a negative value lowers the subtitles.

Read more: How to Change the Position of Subtitles in VLC | eHow.com

also see this how-toforce-subtitles


Emergency mode after fail mounting windows partition

Ok, I just resolved: first I commented out the windows mounting instruction for the boot /etc/fstab, then I was able to start the system normally.


Why does tesseract append ^L to the output

I assume that tesseract adds a new page (the ASCII "Form Feed") character to the end of the text. You can delete it using:
sed -i 's/^L//' output.txt

To enter the ^L character in the above command, fist type Ctrl+V and then Ctrl+L.
For GNU sed you can simply use the following command also:
sed  -i 's/\x0c//' output.txt

As a more straightforward method, you can use the -c option as follows:
tesseract -c page_separator="" example.png output txt

so you will not have any "page separator" in the output file.


Xubuntu Live USB created with LiLi boots to Grub shell only

LILI USB Creator is Obsolete
As can be seen from it's internet site LILI USB Creator is obsolete and has been abandoned.
https://www.linuxliveusb.com/en/supported-linuxes
The latest version of Ubuntu mentioned on the site is Ubuntu 15.04.
Many changes to booting Live Ubuntu were made with versions 19.10, 20.04 and 20.10.
Linux live installers that work with Ubuntu 20.10 Flavors include:
For Windows:
Rufus, Etcher, YUMI, Universal, UNetbootin, Ventoy and Win32DiskImiger.
For Linux:
Mkusb, Gnome-Disks, dd, Startup Disk Creator, Ventoy and Etcher.


Installing bluez-hid2hci fixed this issue for me.

I came across this thread in searching for a similar issue on a Thinkpad Yoga 11e with any bluetooth mice I tried using stock Gnome. Mouse would work, freeze for a few seconds, and usually start working again (sometimes they would just die until a reboot). Installed a bunch of different bt-managers and still got the errors below in journalctl:

Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 117 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 118 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:18 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:18 <computername> kernel: usb usb1-port2: attempt power cycle
Jun 14 10:01:18 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 119 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:18 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device not accepting address 119, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 120 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device not accepting address 120, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb usb1-port2: unable to enumerate USB device
Jun 14 10:01:34 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 121 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:34 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:34 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:35 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 122 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:35 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:35 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:35 <computername> kernel: usb usb1-port2: attempt power cycle
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 123 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device not accepting address 123, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 124 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:37 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device not accepting address 124, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:37 <computername> kernel: usb usb1-port2: unable to enumerate USB device

Turning the mouse off stopped the messages, so pretty sure it was the culprit of the repeated messages.


What are the differences between `ssh -R port:host:hostport` and `ssh -L port:host:hostport`?

-R

Specifies that connections to the given TCP port or Unix socket on the remote (server) host are to be forwarded to the local side.

-L

Specifies that connections to the given TCP port or Unix socket on the local (client) host are to be forwarded to the given host and port, or Unix socket, on the remote side.

Use man ssh to find more and compare flags descriptions. You can also find ssh manual at https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/en/man1/ssh.1.html


How to get icon buttons inside Apper software manager when used in Lxqt

By default, my Apper looks like this:

If I look in System Settings > Icons, I have:

But if I change the icon theme to Adwaita, I see some blank spaces:

I suggest you stay with Breeze. If, for some reason, it's missing from your system, sudo apt install breeze-icon-theme should make it available.


USB Wireless is not detected when installing 12.04

The problem is you probably disabled the wireless using a hardware switch. There are certain keys like FN + F1-F12 which may do this.

There is also possibly of an on/off switch. However, most likely the switch is defective and you have permanently disabled the wireless (including USB).


My system always crashes while booting [related to Nvidia driver]

Use the latest official NVIDIA drivers 355 - NVIDIA improved the drivers and fixed many issues !

When the GRUB boot menu appears : Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and  press the E key.
Add the nouveau.modeset=0 parameter to the end of the linux line ... Then press F10 to boot.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl + Alt + F1.

Enter your user name and password.

Uninstall NVIDIA drivers 352 - execute these commands :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

When the GRUB boot menu appears : Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and  press the E key.
Add the nouveau.modeset=0 parameter to the end of the linux line ... Then press F10 to boot.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl + Alt + F1.

Enter your user name and password.

Install NVIDIA drivers 355 - execute these commands :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-355
sudo reboot


Problem detecting mic on SONY VIOS PCG 7192L

See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingSoundProblems for the steps to troubleshoot this problem.


Is there any image editing software that can open Microsoft DirectDraw Surface files in Ubuntu?

The good news is that the command line application  ImageMagick can read, write and edit DDS (Microsoft Direct Draw Surface) files. Test your own copy of ImageMagick as follows:

andrew@ilium~$ identify -list format | grep 'Microsoft DirectDraw Surface'
      DDS* rw+   Microsoft DirectDraw Surface
     DXT1* rw+   Microsoft DirectDraw Surface
     DXT5* rw+   Microsoft DirectDraw Surface
andrew@ilium~$

The codes after DDS,DXT1 and DXT5 signify:

* native blob support
r read support
w write support
+ support for multiple images

And certainly on my system ImageMagick's convert utility easily produced the required DDS files and successfully converted DDS files to other formats such as jpg and png...


Change bash shell to look like the one on heroku demo

The theme is called “Wild Cherry” — Get it from here, https://github.com/mashaal/wild-cherry


The 'MM' under the columns means it's muted. Crazy simple fix, just press 'M', unmute the columns and it'll work fine.


Create the script (like in your $HOME directory under the directory bin);

mkdir $HOME/bin
touch $HOME/bin/mountSDA6.sh
chmod +x $HOME/bin/mountSDA6.sh
nano $HOME/bin/mountSDA6.sh

and add the script contents, say:

#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/udisks --mount /dev/sda6
/usr/bin/udisks --mount /dev/sda3

or other partitions which you need to, and save it and close.
Start Startup Applications (search in Dash or select from the gear-menu on top unity panel), click Add and in the Add Startup Program window fill the required fields. (In the Command field specify the full path of the script, but here simply using mountSDA6.sh should work as it's created in your $HOME/bin directory. Or you instead of creating script, just use the command to mount here in the Command field.) Click on Add and you're done. On next log-on the partitions should be mounted.

Alternatively, you can edit /etc/fstab file where you can have more control over your mounts by specifying various different mount options.


Django 1.8 to 1.9 migrations upgrade problem

I found the solution.

I had South installed which contains an old version of the Migrate class.  It was not an INSTALLED_APP settings.py.
But, I did have django-extensions installed.  This old version referenced South, which brought in the South version of Migrate, not the new django version.

The solution was to "sudo pip uninstall south" and "sudo pip install django-extensions --upgrade".

All fixed.

The trick was to use the "inspect" module to print out the file names of the classes and parent classes in loader.py where it was failing:

            import inspect
            print( '****', inspect.getfile(migration_module.Migration) )
            print( '********', inspect.getfile(inspect.getmro(migration_module.Migration)[1]) )

That quickly showed that loader.py was getting the wrong version of Migrate.


Is there a digital protection system in place to prevent piracy of commercial applications?

There is support for license keys using https://myapps.developer.ubuntu.com/dev/

The developer can then manage these keys, but they have to build license key verification in to the application themselves.

http://developer.ubuntu.com/publish/licence-key-infrastructure/


Does Ubuntu have a listed history of package updates?

I think you are looking for this http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/

you can also use the apt-get changelog command to get changelog for a single package


Fix for 17.04/17.10/18.04 Install failures after remaster with PinguyBuilder

Problem definition:

Ever since 17.04 remastersys/PinguyBuilder/Forks fail to compete
the install process.

This is due to the change from Swap Partition to Swap File in 17.04.

The problem occurs because we are including the the swapfile created
by the initial install of Ubuntu/Flavors in the remaster which causes
errors in /lib/partman/finish.d/25create_swapfile and therefor the
install fails.

The fix:

The fix is to add "/swapfile" to the list of excluded files in the settings
dialog of PinguyBuilder under "Files to exclude".

In other words change "/windows /dos" to "/windows /dos /swapfile"

I have tested this in 18.04 on both a mini generated Unity respin(GTK)
as well as my 18.04 Plasma(e.g. KDE) respin. I also verified that the
newly created swapfile was present in the newly installed system and
showed up in "ls -lh /", cat /proc/swaps and the /etc/fstab file
(e.g. that is was correctly created and enabled).

Hope this helps,
WolfLand


check your network connection setting and make sure that VPN connection is not enabled


ubuntu-server installation: is there a way to change the font size in BusyBox?

busybox loadfont worked in desktop Xubuntu and to my understanding should do in Ubuntu servers too. I tested with another font but the result should be the same with Lat38-VGA16.

gunzip /usr/share/consolefonts/Lat15-TerminusBold14.psf.gz -c >/tmp/t
busybox loadfont </tmp/t


Is there a program like NetStumbler for Ubuntu (to display the channels of local wifi networks)?

A possible duplicate of this other question, but under there, the real answer to this question - a program like NetStumbler from Windows - is this answer:

LinSSID


Start application in the background on GNOME

try gtk.gdk.Window.lower in https://developer.gnome.org/pygtk/2.24/class-gdkwindow.html. There will be equivalent functions in other toolkits too.


I suspect this is on older hardware with broken SMP, or on newer hardware that the kernel in the installer doesn't quite work with.  In the case of the SMP, try to change the SMP version in BIOS, or disabling it outright.

I have had problems with some motherboards on older kernels.  You can try to boot with the kernel flag noacpi and/or noapic.

If you provide us with information about the hardware you're trying to install on, it may give us better clues as to what's going on.


How to remove an unsuccessful installation of Java 6

First, remove the PPA, you won't need it anymore :

sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update

The, remove the package and purge the configuration files :

sudo apt-get remove --purge oracle-java6-installer

Finally, if it did manage to get to the point where it modifies the system itself :

sudo update-alternatives --remove-all java

You then can clean the cache :

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean

Tada ! Back to a clean system !


How to get wifi direct( wifi p2p) on my HP DM1 laptop?

You have to compile and install wpa_supplicant (see http://www.ab9il.net/linuxwireless/wpa_supplicant.html) and before compiling edit the ".config" file as in http://wireless.kernel.org/en/developers/p2p/howto .

Now use wpa_cli commands (see http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/OMAP_Wireless_Connectivity_NLCP_WiFi_Direct_Configuration_Scripts  and http://svn.dd-wrt.com/browser/src/router/hostapd-wps/wpa_supplicant/README-P2P?rev=16495)

Hope it helps

EDIT:
If you get errors in Ubuntu 14.04 during the compile like: fatal error: openssl/ssl.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. and fatal error: netlink/genl/genl.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated you may need to  install libnl1, libssl-dev and libnl-dev. Use the following command to install them

sudo apt-get install libnl1 libssl-dev libnl-dev


Can't login after installing graphics driver?

The message "/dev/sda2: clean, 223731/20229632 files, 3079056/112906752 blocks" is a good/normal message to see. It says that your file system check was good.

To solve the login problem, do the following...

replace your_username, shown below, with your username

boot the computer and observe the GRUB menu
choose advanced options
choose root access
type sudo mount -o remount,rw /
type cd /home/your_username
type sudo chown your_username:your_username .ICEauthority
type sudo chown your_username:your_username .Xauthority
type reboot
login like normal

If for some reason you still can't log in, you may have to fix a /tmp directory problem, or roll back your recent video driver installation.


How do I set up my apache server with DynDNS?

A few notes :

your domain's configured dns servers must point to dyndns
your router must forward port 80 to your local machine. The ip address on your local machine should be static and ideally reserved on the router.
your machine must have port 80 open
if all this is setup correctly, if you do http://externalIp you should get your default apache page (same as http://localhost)
you must set a virtualhost for shredalert.homelinux.com to listen, or put that domain as alias of localhost with ServerAlias shredalert.homelinux.com directive on your main config file.

Create the virtualhost file /etc/apache2/sites-available/shredalert.homelinux.com.conf like :

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName shredalert.homelinux.com
    DocumentRoot /path/to/root/directory
    ErrorLog "/var/log/apache2/error.shredalert.homelinux.com.log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/apache2/access.shredalert.homelinux.com.log" common

    <Directory /path/to/root/directory>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Then enable the site and restart (or reload) apache2 service

sudo a2ensite shredalert.homelinux.com.conf
sudo service apache2 restart

Note : you can change /path/to/root/directory to anything you want, so not necessarily you must expose your complete localhost root dir.


What does the firewall in ubuntu 20.04 do when i activate it?

man ufw will tell you what the ufw command is, and what it does, in the same way that the manual system does for most other programs.

That manual page also explains what the status option to ufw does. It doesn't say explicitly what the "verbose" output gives you, but I expect it will give more information than "status" would do by default otherwise, to help with diagnostics.

You should check whether the firewall is running (eg, using ps) and/or whether it is enabled or disabled in its configuration. You may need to edit the configuration, and enable the firewall (perhaps using systemd) to make it run automatically.


How to i open terminal through a text file

You could try this:

On Console(Konsole on KDE) do a cd ~/Desktop
nano(or your favorite editor) test ENTER
Write down this:
#!/usr/bin/bash
echo "Hello World"
CTRL-X then y to exit and save that
chmod +x test(test is the name of the file)
on Plasma desktop(KDE) right click over the file, actions, Run in Konsole

EDIT:
After trying and searching for this I think that on moderm Ubuntu versions, at least here on my machine with Kubuntu 19.10 and ubuntu-desktop installed, this is not possible.

I searched for more info about this to try to help you and I found this:

Bash script with execute permissions won't run with double click
How do I run executable scripts in Nautilus?
How do I run a script on Linux just by double clicking it

Please give it a try to those links, maybe some of them could work for you. For me at least they don't


Is it possible to define a macro variable through make?

You can define macro by using GCC compiler flag like this:

gcc -DHELLO=1 uss_main.c -o out

If you want to pass it to make, you need to modify Makefile. Something like this:

USE_HELLO = $(if $(HELLO),-DHELLO=$(HELLO),)

all:
     gcc $(USE_HELLO) uss_main.c -o out


Ubuntu 15.10 installation fail: Starting Restore Sound Card State [fail]

I've had exactly the same issue, 'Starting Restore Card Sound State'. Eventually, I did the following. Selected 'Try Ubuntu', opened Firefox, typed login/password to my wired connection, and AFTER that, i.e. having connected, selected 'Install Ubuntu'. This worked!
P.S. When installing, I also enabled 'download updates during installation'.


Bind Alt + Tab shortcut to a mouse button on xfce

xvkbd and xbindkeys

Let's say we want to bind some mouse buttons to keyboard ones. The problem we will encounter is that we do not know how to emulate a key press. Here comes in handy xvkbd. We can use it along with xbindkeys.

xbindkeys --defaults >> ~/.xbindkeysrc
xbindkeys

To restart xbindkeys type:

pkill -f xbindkeys
xbindkeys

Here's example ~/.xbindkeysrc config:

"xvkbd  -text "\[F8]""
       m:0x0 + b:8
"xvkbd  -text "\[Shift]\[Left]""
       m:0x0 + b:9
"xvkbd  -text "\[Shift]\[Right]""
       m:0x0 + b:10
"xvkbd  -text 2"
       m:0x0 + b:11
"xvkbd  -text 3"
       m:0x0 + b:12

If you want to check your mouse buttons number use xev. Don't forget to type capital letters in xvkbd -text usage and to escape opening bracket with \ or you get simply [Shift] written.

Here is an example for xbindkeys to enable x selection paste(third click pasting), you need both xsel and xvkbd installed, What it does it executes that command whenever button 13 of the mouse is pressed (in ~/.xbindkeysrc) :

"xvkbd -no-jump-pointer -text "\D1$(xsel)" 2>/dev/null"
b:13

And yes, you can bind typing obscene words to mouse keys. Excerpt taken from ArchWiki


When installing virtualbox slack is uninstalled on Ubuntu 18.04

I've encountered this problem. I recommend you uninstall Slack, and install Virtualbox. Then proceed to install Slack through their snap, you might be able to find it on the Ubuntu Software Store (make sure the source is snap) or just by running sudo snap install slack

I don't really like snap apps, but I'm glad that they can isolate apps so we can have both Slack and Virtualbox.


Pulseaudio set the source volume in the default.pa config?

the echo cancel module seems to have auto-adjust volume by default which resets the volume if the module needs to resync or you restart pulse audio.
I added the flags: aec_args="analog_gain_control=0\ digital_gain_control=1" to the load line and it seemed to remove the volume readjust.
https://askubuntu.com/a/1069998/574240


Try to use skype login name instead of [firstname lastname]:

/kick <login>


libhid.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

I have this working on Ubuntu 14.04. Previously I had it on ver. 10.04 and just copied the missing libhid.so.0.0.0 and libusb-0.1.so.4 to a version 14.04 directory with a sym link in /usr/lib pointing to them.

I also copied my shark executable from the old version 10.04 system. I have a shell script to set up radio shark stations and run the arecord and aplay commands. you need to pass the capture device to the arecord command. you can get the hardware device by plugging the radioshark into a USB connector and execute:

arecord -l.

you'll get something like:

List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices
card 1: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC283 Analog [ALC283 Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: radioSHARK [radioSHARK], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
  Subdevices: 0/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

the shell commands I use are:

sudo shark -fm 97.7
sudo shark -blue 50
arecord -c 2 -f S16 -r 24000 -D hw:2,0 | aplay

I have a java GUI application to run all this and select various
stations but that's not working on Ububtu 14.04 yet.


This seems to be a problem with lightdm that starts before video device show up.

Please see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/lightdm/+bug/969489 for workaround.

One of the workarounds, which works best for me, is to put

respawn

after

stop on runlevel [016]

This will force lightdm to restart until it works correctly.

Workarounds described in this bug report modifies /etc/init/lightdm.conf, so I would suggest to override this file during update of lightdm package just to be sure that it works with rest of lightdm correctly. If the bug is still not fixed in updated version, you should reapply the fix.

Debian's/Ubuntu's dpkg tools should keep original and modified versions of configuration files during update.


Following your saga (first post, second post, third post, fourth post) I have a suggestion that can save your time and energy.

The proprietary drivers that you are trying to install are not supported anymore for your hardware and operating system. Yes, there are some trick and tweaks, like downgrading xorg but in the long run it is not worth the trouble. Use open source drivers and do not try to replace them with something else if there is no good reason for it.

Ubuntu should use open source drivers out of the box but you can install them also with this command:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-radeon

Just make sure that you remove amd drivers you might have in your system. The amd drivers that come from the standard repository are either fglrx or fglrx-updates. The "purge" command removes the package completely.

$ sudo apt-get purge <package-name>

Fglrx packages:

fglrx fglrx-amdccele

Fglrx-update packages:

fglrx-updates fglrx-amdcccle-updates

I struggled a year to get proprietary AMD drivers work on my HD4870 and I don't advice anybody to do the same. If you can't get the performance you need with the open source driver then replace your old amd card with some nvidia card. For and example you could buy it second hand and do background search in the internet beforehand whether it works with Ubuntu.


Will clearing the write bit on my backup drive protect it from malware?

Your proposal is not really secure, and will only protect against simple/non-complex malware.

First and foremost, the write bit is less a "security" feature for the owner of the file than it is an "accident prevention" measure. If you're the owner of the file, you can edit permissions freely. As any malware on your system will (probably) first run as your own user, it would be trivial for it to attempt to gain write permissions to the backup directory.

Furthermore, the root user can still write to the file if it wants. It can further change permissions if it wants. As a lot of malware tries to escalate to a root user (for obvious reasons), your write bit won't do much.

However, there's something else to take in to consideration: malware trying to delete your backups won't do it file by file and/or overwrite it with "lol get pwned k3d". It will instead opt to format the drive, which is a rather simple command. The benefit to formatting or overwriting the drive itself is that it doesn't matter if the drive is mounted or not - as long as the drive is plugged into the computer, it will expose a /dev/sdX interface. Regardless of the mount state, malware can (well, if root) start dumping zeros into that file.

If you truly want to keep your backups secure, you're going to have to give up some convenience and actually unplug your backup drive. Besides, offline backups are generally considered "best practice" anyways.


I'm going to guess that the UUIDs of the filesystems have changed somehow during the migration process.

After the migration attempt, prior to apt-get update / upgrade, have you looked at /etc/defaults/grub (where boot-time filesystem arguments may reside) and /etc/fstab (where filesystems may be named by partition or by UUID)?

Something is going wrong in the translation between what VMWare is presenting as hardware, what the kernel labels (via the output of the mount command, or looking in /proc/mounts) and what grub is looking for when it reboots.

If you can get those things in harmony it should work.

I can't guess further without more information, but I'll try to respond to comments if you provide more information in your question about what Ubuntu version you are using, what the contents of /etc/fstab are, and what /etc/defaults/grub looks like, as well as any information about the partition label and UUID of the root filesystem


Video files from another partition or volume does not play

I would not call such a thing a bug if I understood your question right.
Some media players just do not simply support all formats.
Some players support format A, B and C, while other C, D and E.

Your problem is with codecs.
You can download the package non-free-codecs which should solve the problem by

sudo apt-get install non-free-codecs

If it does not work, download the following too:

sudo apt-get install libxine1-ffmpeg gxine mencoder mpeg2dec vorbis-tools id3v2 mpg321 mpg123 libflac++6 ffmpeg libmp4v2-0 totem-mozilla icedax tagtool easytag id3tool lame nautilus-script-audio-convert libmad0 libjpeg-progs libmpcdec3 libquicktime1 flac faac faad sox ffmpeg2theora libmpeg2-4 uudeview flac libmpeg3-1 mpeg3-utils mpegdemux liba52-dev


Is it a good idea to try to compile tesseract 3.02 on ubuntu 14.04?

As far as I understand, the page you linked to states the minimum version of Leptonica required in order to build tesseract. So, if you are on 14.04, and if the API of Leptonica did not change meanwhile (for most projects this is only done at major revisions, and the difference of Leptonica between Ubuntu 12.04 and 14.40 was just a minor revision), also older versions of tesseract should compile with the Leptonica available on Ubuntu 14.04.

My recommendation is to simply try to compile it. For most programs this is a matter of not more than a few minutes if all prerequisites are installed.

When talking about prerequisites: The package for Leptonica, which you'll probably need to install in order to be able to build tesseract is called "libleptonica-dev". The other "-dev" packages you need to install are listed on the page you linked to in your question.

Of course, if you don't want to edit the tesseract source code, you can use the "libtesseract-dev" package in order to install the tesseract libraries and header files.

A final word: Usually on SVN one gets the latest state of development (meaning: people are actively working on it, so it might in rare cases be in a broken state), and indeed the SVN tree of tesseract seems to contains a version that is at least as new as 3.03. Anyhow, if you don't want to actively contribute to the development of a program and there is no brand new feature that is still missing in the latest official release, I see little use in going for an SVN version, which, as said, might have serious issues or might not even compile.


Configuring Ubuntu as internal network router

In order to diagnose the problem here you should really add some more information to your post, I am adding this as an answer for clarity as there are a few commands to try to diagnose this and it would be hard to read in a comment. On your router please run these commands and report the output it will help to understand your network setup and configuration and identify the problem:

List interfaces:

ip link show

List interface forwarding state:

sysctl -a | grep forwarding

List interface addresses:

ip addr show
ip -6 addr show

List firewall rules:

iptables -L
ip6tables -L

List NAT rules:

iptables -t nat -L
ip6tables -t nat -L

Also please check that the router itself can reach all the hosts:

ping -c4 HostA
ping -c4 HostB
ping -c4 HostC

Where of course replace HostA/B/C with the hosts IP addresses, this is an important step since if there is an issue here then that needs to be resolved first before there is any point in trying to worry about routing between the subnets.


If you have the Dropbox command line instructions script, then all you need to do to add a folder to the Selective Sync "do not sync" list is enter the following command in your Terminal.

You can download "command line instructions script" here: -              https://www.dropbox.com/download?dl=packages/dropbox.py

and set as

$ /path/to/dropbox.py exclude add ~/Dropbox/path/to/folder/

Simply substitute the /path/to/ to the actual paths to the CLI script and the folder or file, respectively.

Use these command to configure the dropbox :-

$ sudo http_proxy=http://your_proxy:proxy_port dropbox start -i

$ dropbox -a   ( to show all dropbox commands)

$ dropbox lansync  y/n  (enables or disables LAN sync)

$ dropbox autostart y/n (start automatically at login)

You can find more information here:- https://www.dropbox.com/help/175/en


Is it possible to re-detect an unreliable, plugged in USB device?

I can't think of a way that doesn't somehow involve restarting your USB stack, which would of course affect all your USB devices, not just the HDD.


When I "restart" (reboot) Ubuntu, my wired network doesn't work

The same thing happens to me. But I haven't been able to fix the problem. Nor do I know where to start debugging it.

The way I fix it is by logging into Windows and doing in cmd.exe:

netsh winsock reset
netsh int ip reset

I also have an Acer Aspire dual booting with pop os.


The best way to secure any computer that way is just to unplug it.
Security threats have been around and will continue to exist, and that's something you have to understand.
However there are a few tips, costumization that you can do to have a more secure box.
A lot of these security measures are present in a wiki here: Ubuntu Security
Here you will find an introduction to the most famous forms of attack and how to prevent them, including:
Introduction to AppArmor
Host-based Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDS)
Network Intrusion Detection Systems (Snort)
Viruses
SSH and VNC
Firewall
etc.
Luckly, there are a few good resources where you can learn more:
Security
My favorite site for security
InstallingSecurityTools
The Big Ol' Ubuntu Security Resource
Locking Down Ubuntu
Basic info
Because there are so many measures one can take reading for those sites is a good place to start. I can resume some of the basic measures:

Change SSH port or disable (if you don't need it)
Set up a firewall (Firestarter - begginers, Iptables - advanced users)
Disable Flash/Java
Secure your home - sudo chmod 0700 /home/your-user-name
Download security update packages
Use strong passwords
Limit root access, use sudo instead
Do not install software or add repositories from untrusted sources
Deny all cookies and add trusted sites, allowing only for session.
Kernel and compiler hardening

Also there's an Ubuntu version called Ubuntu Server that you should try.


Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal)

Personally I'd install 12.10(And I am running), seeing it's been out longer, and most bugs have been ruled out. I'll install 13.04, but not immediately after release.

Pros

The bugs and error-reports in 12.10 is falling, and it will continue to fall, beginning to be a more stable release.

Cons

Most likely a higher poweruse than 13.04 (as it's rumoured to be)
If you're planning to run 12.10 for multiple years, 12.10 will go EOL(End-of-Life) before 13.04 (See EOL on www.ubuntu.com)

Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

13.04 is the newest and feature-filled release. There is pros and cons for 13.04.

Pros

Newer (kernel, release, everything)
Longer support time than 12.10 once it's released.
It is rumoured to be more battery-friendly for laptops.

Cons

By releasetime, there will (most likely) be more bugs.
As of right now, there's around double the amount of error-reports for 13.04 than 12.10.
13.04 is still in beta-stage.
13.04 won't be support on askubuntu.com until it's released (see the FAQ).

Overall

In the overall review, what I suggest is:
Install 12.10 now. And then upgrade to 13.04 when it's been released, and the amount of known bugs, and alike has fallen.

There is a live tracker of error reports for 12.04, 12.10 and 13.04 is listed here:
https://errors.ubuntu.com/ and I'd suggest you keep watching this after release. The amount of reports for 13.04 will fall (Although 12.10 will most likely too).


I fixed the problem by using the following commands:

sudo apt-get purge vlc
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get install vlc


GNOME customizations with dconf-editor and potential breakages in future updates

You are essentially asking "will my bicycle tires need to be re-inflated next year?"
Of course they will. Bicycles require maintenance. Software also requires maintenance.
Developers try to minimize breaking changes using several common methods. But that's not a promise of "no changes." The Gnome developers are in the mainstream on this.
If you want a Gnome that won't have changes for five years, use an LTS release of Ubuntu. If you want to stick with non-LTS, the price of newer software is occasional change.


Removed all files from Kindle device via cp command

You should never copy directly on a device.

If you copy directly on a device you usually erase the partition information on that device or partition of a device.

Instead you should copy on a mounted directory linked to that device or partition of device, that usually is mounted on /media/yourusername/devicename

For the Kindle I think you should to a factory reset to fix it and try again.


Windows 8 require repair after install Ubuntu

It seems like you did not disable Secure boot in your BIOS.  First boot into your BIOS, under any boot tab, find Secure boot, and disable it.

If this does not work,  you will need to get your windows repair CD, boot into the Recovery console, and then run

bootrec /fixmbr

bootrec /fixboot

This should disable your GRUB bootloader, but do not be alarmed.  Boot into Windows, open and administrative command prompt, and type the following:

bcdedit /set "{bootmgr}" path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi

Reboot, and you should have GRUB, and it should boot back into Windows.


remove Cisco subfolder from lubuntu start menu

Finally, I've found a solution. The key is the file /etc/xdg/menus/applications-merged/cisco-anyconnect.menu, which is hard to find (at least it was to me), because the use of this folder seems to be rarely documented (none of the tutorials I've found mentioned it).

Anyway:

sudo -i    # avoid typing sudo every time
rm /etc/xdg/menus/applications-merged/cisco-anyconnect.menu    # delete file that connects the .directory and the .desktop file
rm /usr/share/desktop-directories/cisco-anyconnect.directory    # delete the directory
echo "Categories=Network" >> /usr/share/applications/cisco-anyconnect.desktop    # add category so the client is placed in the folder "Internet"
exit    # terminate sudo shell (important!)

However the .menu-file links to the files listed above, I've found a copy of the .desktop-file in ~/.local/share/applications/cisco-anyconnect.desktop which seems to collide with the aforementioned one. This can simply be solved by rm ~/.local/share/applications/cisco-anyconnect.desktop.

Also, lxpanelctl restart was not sufficient to take the changes into effect, a system restart was necessary.


How do I install VirtualBox's deb package?

Double clicking it should open it in the Software Centre. That should give you the option to install.


No box characters after changing the default Grub font

Basically what you want to do is use the range operator to limit the characters that your new grub font contains. If you don't use the range operator then you're going to get all the glyphs including the erroneous or incorrect box elements from your target font.

For example:

grub-mkfont -s 16 --range=0x0-0x7f -o /boot/grub/grubfont.pf2 font.tty

Will generate a font with only ASCII characters, anything your font doesn't have should decay gracefully to the default font so boxes and arrows should come from the default. Please see this website for further information:

http://grub.enbug.org/gfxterm


Ubuntu 20.04 getting freeze whenever i start running any application

I solved this problem by booting recovery mode. But every time while i boot in regular process it's happened. So i installed ubuntu again.


Is it possible to configure KVM on guest Ubuntu 18.04?

You can just turn on nested virtualisation in Windows 10, which will make your VM have its own KVM, obviously before enabling this, be sure your hardware can support and take it (I had i9-9900k & 32GB RAM, and it worked fine, though my guest VM took about 15GB of RAM to run, I used it for Android Emulator)

Here is how you enable it in Windows 10:
1) Run your PowerShell as administrator

2) Test if your CPU supports it, with this command (where vm_name is the name of your virtual machine, in hyper-v):
Get-VMProcessor -VMName vm_name | fl *

You should see this line:
ExposeVirtualizationExtensions: False

3) Before running next command turn off your VM. To enable nested KVM run (in powershell):
Set-VMProcessor -VMName vm_name -ExposeVirtualizationExtensions $true

(where vm_name is the name of your virtual machine, in hyper-v)

And thats it. You can learn about this in a bit more details here: https://www.nakivo.com/blog/hyper-v-nested-virtualization-explained/


What IM clients support Jabber and show notifications on the toolbar in Ubuntu 12.10?

It looks like the alternative solution with pidgin is possible - this answer https://askubuntu.com/a/69644/22899 seems to do the trick - from the context I thought it only added an icon with controls to the toolbar, but it is the full icon with a notification if there are unread messages...  That solves the problem for me with Pidgin.


I want to know about nvidia drivers and does they suit me

No.

You appear to have an Intel graphics card. Nvidia drivers only apply for Nvidia cards. Intel graphics drivers are supported by the kernel very well, without the need for any additional driver.


Can I see the option tar.gz in the GUI ubuntu 18.04

As mentioned in the comments of the question: The answer is no. They changed archival back-end to libarchive. But you can drop Nautilus and change it to Nemo or Caja.

Another alternative is to simply open the arvchive manager and drag the files and/or directories you wish to compress to the window. You will then be prompted to create a new archive. The location of the archive will by default be in the directory of the added item(s) and you will have the list of compression formats available, like you are used to from 16.04.


Try using the following command:

./configure --with-gtk2

It really works.


Just based on my experience:

I presume that you used SIPE in pidgin. The easiest way is to configure your account first in pidgin and use the import feature in Empathy.

If after import the account is not listed, just add another dummy account in Empathy and both should show up fine (looks like a bug in listing the accounts when only one account is configured). You can keep the dummy account set to "Disabled" or "Off".


From the specs:

  1 x DVI-I port, supporting a maximum resolution of 1920x1200 @60Hz, 24bpp
  1 x HDMI port, supporting a maximum resolution of 1920x1200 @60Hz, 24bpp
  1 x DisplayPort, supporting a maximum resolution of 4096x2160@24Hz, 24bpp/ 2560x1600@60Hz, 24bpp/ 1920x1080@60Hz, 36bpp

You need to use the DisplayPort port.

This is fairly common with 4K stuff, either for resolution or framerate. You may also run into driver issues down the line but for now, I would certainly look to the port for the first fix.


Disable thumbnail creation for specific folders only, but all users

In addition to @Fabby answer:

Install the package inoticoming

sudo apt-get install inoticoming

Create wrapper script disable_thumbnails

#!/bin/bash

# Create the thumbnail filename
tn_filename=$(echo -n "file://$1/$2" | sed 's/\s/%20/g' | md5sum | awk '{print $1}')

# Destroy the thumbnail without deleting
find ~/.cache/thumbnails -type f -name "$tn_filename*" -print0 | while IFS= read -d '' file; do
  echo > "$file"
done
exit 0

Make it executable

chmod +x disable_thumbnails

Kill running processes, if necessary

killall inoticoming

Watch your folder

Avoid a trailing / for the folder names

inoticoming "<path_to_disabled_thumbnail_folder>" <full_path_of_disable_thumbnails_script>  {} "<path_to_disabled_thumbnail_folder>" \;

There is only one problem. The changes are only visible after nautilus -q

Use inoticoming --foreground … to avoid the daemon mode, if you test the script.


Although your kernel build string contains "16.04.1", you are probably running all up to date.

Your kernel build string does not indicate the state of the packages your system has installed. The tool to use is lsb_release. E.g.:

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial

Your kernel installed appears to be the hardware enablement variant: linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04. The one you are running is the latest one available.


How to see activities performed from WinSCP on ubuntu system

OpenSSH SFTP server can log individual SFTP operations.

Edit your sshd_config to run the SFTP server with -l switch, like:

Subsystem internal-sftp -l INFO

For details, refer to:
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSSH/Logging_and_Troubleshooting#Logging_SFTP_File_Transfers


How can I see the current bit depth of the playing audio stream?

The hw_params file shows the sample format in the format: line.
S24_3LE indicates 24-bit, little-endian samples.

The streamX file shows the sample format in the "Interface" section of the selected "Altset".


Shortcut to change the gnome-terminal font size

Ctrl++ and Ctrl+- are working fine for me. Maybe you have different shortcuts configured.

To change the keyboard shortcuts, go to Edit -> Keyboard Shortcuts... in the gnome-terminal menu, and look for Zoom In and Zoom Out:


How to install ubuntu without losing data in other drives?

Simple: do not format those 2 partitions.

Mark down the sizes of the partitions so you can confirm it during installation. D: is likely to be named sda2 and E: probably sda3 in Ubuntu/during install. C: will be sda1.
That is if these are on the 1st hard disc. If you have 2 discs 'a' will be 'b' (and so on).

But of course you do make a backup of anything important.


How to turn display into grayscale on Ubuntu 18.04?

First, install git:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install git

Next, run the following commands to create the proper folder directory:

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/

It may state that the directory already exists. You can ignore this error.

Then, run the following command to download the extension:

git clone https://github.com/laerne/desaturate_all.git

Finally, run the following command to move the files to the proper directory:

mv desaturate_all ".local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/desaturate_all@nicolas.brack.mail.be"

Now, you will need to restart Gnome. Press ALT+F2 and then press R and then press ENTER.

You can enable the extension by browsing to https://extensions.gnome.org/local

Click here for more information.

Please post any errors. Thanks!


How to enable auto close bracket inside a bracket in GEANY editor

Go to Preferences->Editor-Completion and tick the auto-close quotes and brackets options. See also https://www.geany.org/manual/current/index.html#id113


Compare two repos - a table of all all package versions?

Use the tool rmadison for one package version information in different distributions
(well then different repositories)

sudo apt-get install devscripts
rmadison [the package name]

For example,

$ rmadison alsa-utils

and the output looks like [package version distro arch]:

 alsa-utils | 1.0.25-1ubuntu5   | precise         | source, amd64, armel, armhf, i386, powerpc
 alsa-utils | 1.0.25-1ubuntu5.2 | precise-updates | source, amd64, armel, armhf, i386, powerpc
 alsa-utils | 1.0.27.2-1ubuntu2 | trusty          | source, amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 alsa-utils | 1.0.28-1ubuntu2   | vivid           | source, amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 alsa-utils | 1.0.29-0ubuntu1   | wily            | source, amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el

Or you could go to this website to see the lists

http://packages.ubuntu.com/


Newbie Help: Black screen after ubuntu upgrade (in a dual boot scenario)

Boot from live cd or usb copy all important data off, reinstall from scratch. In the long run that will be much faster then trying to fix a mess and much more stable as well.


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS crashes when changing keyboard to Japanese (Mozc)

The GNOME developers have integrated IBus into the desktop environment, and since you are using standard Ubuntu with GNOME, and experience this problem, I would suggest that you use IBus instead of Fcitx.
So I would suggest that you:

Change to IBus in Language Support
Install ibus-hangul (for Korean) and ibus-mozc and mozc-utils-gui (for Japanese)
Reboot
Set your desired input sources in Settings -> Region & Language


I suggest you install the latest firmware for your device. Please get a temporary wired ethernet connection, open a terminal and do:

cd /lib/firmware
sudo wget https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/egrumbach/linux-firmware.git/plain/iwlwifi-7260-7.ucode
sudo modprobe -r iwlmvm
sudo modprobe iwlwifi

Detach the ethernet and the wireless should now be working.


exchange /dev/sd* devices after Ubuntu Upgrade to bring back zfspool in

To get back the devices of your zpool, you can export and then import the zpool again. During import you can use the /dev/disk/by-id path, which identifies the disks by serial number which makes the setup more robust than using /dev/sd* device naming.
During the export/import process the filesystem will go offline, so ensure that no processes are accessing files on the ZFS filesystem.

zpool export zfspool
zpool import -d /dev/disk/by-id zfspool


How to get Linux drivers for my (unsupported) hardware?

You cannot install Windows drivers using Wine. You basically have 3 options:

Call the manufacturer of your keyboard and ask then for a Linux module. They will say they don't support it.
Tell them you're willing to help them install a Linux system and that every single Linux system comes with full development tools like a compiler, a DDK, and that it will cost them only an old PC lying in the basement and some time.
Point out to them that there are people like you who do buy brand new hardware and do gaming and other advanced stuff.
Point out that if they have Linux drivers, they will sell more hardware as Linux customers are loyal to their manufacturers.
That they do not have to pay anyone to use the  Linux compatible logo!
Ask for your money back.
Get involved yourself: You have the hardware!  Start developing...  Help the community.  Maybe someone already is doing this and you can help them and the rest of the world!


E: Package 'xgraph' has no installation candidate

The package xgraph is available on Universe repositories for 12.04

  The main component contains applications that are free software, can be freely redistributed and are fully supported by the Ubuntu team. & The universe component is a snapshot of the free, open-source, and Linux world.

First enable repository,

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main universe"

Update to aware apt for your repositories changes

sudo apt-get update

Then install package by sudo apt-get install xgraph


Refer stackoverflow question, Instructions to install Ubuntu 14.10 on ASUS EeeBook X205TA. This may help you.


You can look at the source code of the current implementation of the automatic screen brightness adjustment.

I think that it is in the powerd daemon:

https://code.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/powerd

And it uses UASensorsLight class from the platform-api:

https://code.launchpad.net/platform-api

But the preferred way is the QML. Maybe I'll test it.


How to log out of Ubuntu One application, log into different account?

On the computer set up with the account you don't want to keep, follow steps 1-3 in the "Removing Ubuntu One Client" section of this FAQ:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/FAQ/HowDoICompletelyRemoveAndReinstallUbuntuOne

(it should not be necessary to remove and reinstall the actual client software).

From this point you should have a clean slate and can set up the client again using the other account.