Unable to run programs off of my external media

Your drive is mounted with the noexec option. AFAIK This literally disallows executing programs on the volume regardless of the settings on the individual files. Specific solutions vary depending on how you mounted the volume in the first place, but from a general standpoint you need to either mount the volume without the noexec option or swap it explicitly for the exec option. Here's an excerpt from the fuse man page:

OPTIONS
       Most of the generic mount options described in mount are supported (ro,
       rw, suid, nosuid, dev,  nodev,  exec,  noexec,  atime,  noatime,  sync,
       async,  dirsync). Filesystems are mounted with nodev,nosuid by default,
       which can only be overridden by a privileged user.

And the relevant portion of the mount man page:

noexec Do  not  allow  direct  execution of any binaries on the mounted
              filesystem.  (Until recently it was  possible  to  run  binaries
              anyway  using a command like /lib/ld*.so /mnt/binary. This trick
              fails since Linux 2.4.25 / 2.6.0.)

As far as I know, fuse doesn't support the remount option so I believe you have to unmount /dev/sda1 (after closing any open files on the device) with fusermount -u "/var/host/media/removable/SD Card" and then mount it again with the options you require (other than noexec) normally using the mount command. See man mount man fuse and man fusermount for further details as deemed necessary for your specific situation.


Incredible - how to look like an idiot...

I need to ask on this site to find the answer myself in the next minutes...
So this screen saver is XAnalogTV, a part of XScreenSaver.


How to show in menu apps of different desktop environments?

I suspect the key lies in the content of .desktop files most commonly found in /usr/share/applications. (A user may also have some .desktop files placed in $HOME/.local/share/applications automatically or manually.)
The format of .desktop files is usually based on specifications laid down by freedesktop.org.
Of interest here, are two entries:
NoDisplay

means "this application exists, but don't display it in the menus". This can be useful to e.g. associate this application with MIME types, so that it gets launched from a file manager (or other apps), without having a menu entry for it (there are tons of good reasons for this, including e.g. the netscape -remote, or kfmclient openURL kind of stuff).

OnlyShowIn, NotShowIn

A list of strings identifying the desktop environments that should display/not display a given desktop entry.
By default, a desktop file should be shown, unless an OnlyShowIn key is present, in which case, the default is for the file not to be shown.

On my system which is just "KDE", I see:
$ grep -E "NoDisplay"  /usr/share/applications/*.desktop
/usr/share/applications/display-im6.desktop:NoDisplay=true
/usr/share/applications/display-im6.q16.desktop:NoDisplay=true
/usr/share/applications/geoclue-where-am-i.desktop:NoDisplay=true
/usr/share/applications/hplj1020.desktop:NoDisplay=true
/usr/share/applications/ktelnetservice5.desktop:NoDisplay=true
/usr/share/applications/kwalletmanager5-kwalletd.desktop:NoDisplay=true
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-math.desktop:NoDisplay=false
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-startcenter.desktop:NoDisplay=false
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-xsltfilter.desktop:NoDisplay=true
(plus many more entries)

$ grep -E "OnlyShowIn"  /usr/share/applications/*.desktop
/usr/share/applications/org.kde.kcolorschemeeditor.desktop:OnlyShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/org.kde.kinfocenter.desktop:OnlyShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/org.kde.kmenuedit.desktop:OnlyShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/org.kde.plasmashell.desktop:OnlyShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/org.kde.polkit-kde-authentication-agent-1.desktop:OnlyShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/systemsettings.desktop:OnlyShowIn=KDE;
$

$ grep -E "NotShowIn"  /usr/share/applications/*.desktop
/usr/share/applications/kdesystemsettings.desktop:NotShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-math.desktop:NotShowIn=GNOME;
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-startcenter.desktop:NotShowIn=GNOME;
/usr/share/applications/org.kde.kdeconnect.kcm.desktop:NotShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/org.kde.kdeconnect.nonplasma.desktop:NotShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/org.kde.klipper.desktop:NotShowIn=KDE;
/usr/share/applications/system-config-printer.desktop:NotShowIn=KDE;GNOME;
$

As you'll gather for yourself if you run the commands given above on your system, there may be good reason for some applications not being included in menus, either of the original desktop environment or in any other. In some cases, there may not be a reason that you feel is valid.
If you do want to change the status of display for certain applications, I suggest you copy the corresponding .desktop file over to ~/.local/share/applications and make your changes there. Changes made there will

not need sudo
be only for you and not for other users
be unchanged if/when the application is updated whereas the .desktop file in /usr/share/applications will be overwritten.


Installed phpunit using composer but still says to install using apt-get

You may have skipped sudo mv phpunit.phar /usr/local/bin/phpunit when following the instructions.

the result is that phpunit is not on your path.

You have 2 choices.

1) Do the step you missed, (recommended)

2) Hack things in such a way that phpunit is found on your path by another method.

If any of this is unclear, drop me a comment and I'll do my best to elaborate.


How can I see what ports are open on my machine?

I've always used this:
sudo netstat -ntlp

If the netstat command is not available, install it with:
sudo apt install net-tools


In the worst case, the flash drive has either a defect or has died.

I bought three identical Patriot 32GB Supersonic drives from an online retailer and one of them was "write protected" out of the box.  I went to the manufacturer's website and, after downloading and trying their own tool just to be sure, they granted an RMA without any fuss about it.  I had a new, working drive a week later.

Best of luck to you.


microphone input volume is too low, 14.04

List mic sink using following command:

pactl list short sinks

e.g: $ pactl list short sinks

o/p:

0   alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo  module-alsa-card.c  s16le 2ch 44100Hz   SUSPENDED

Set mic sink volume using following command:

pactl set-sink-volume <index number if mic sink> <volume in %>

Make sure to setting mic volume you have to use mic sink index number.

e.g:

$ pactl set-sink-volume 0 70%


Why was gimp removed at the last upgrade?

Unless I'm reading that wrong, those versions aren't the default Ubuntu versions. From what I can see, the latest version of Gimp and libgimp in Ubuntu 11.10 is 2.6.11-2. This hints that you have some sort of external repository installed.

Remove that source (The Software Sources program can help out there) and you should be able to install the proper current Ubuntu version.

Edit: your comment shows that there's even more that's been upgraded and now can't be downgraded. To remove a PPA cleanly (and get back to normality) follow this sequence:

Install ppa-purge
Make sure the PPA/source you were using is active in your sources. If you've already removed it, add it again.
Use ppa-purge to nuke the source:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:repository-name/subdirectory

(replacing repository-name/subdirectory with the details of the PPA you were using)

More information:

How can PPAs be removed?


15.04: Launching some programs turns monitor off and on (like for a resolution change)

I had a similar problem to yours and I solved by installing the AMD catalyst center.

I have a different graphics card, but it should work well since it is a Radeon series anyway.

I followed this help.ubuntu.com  guide and solved that.


Under the assumption that your WordPress installation is in /var/www/html.  Change this and other mentions of it to fit your setup.

Permalinks 404

You've set the AllowOverride All for /var/www, but your DocumentRoot is /var/www/html

Edit your /etc/apache2/apache2.conf, and add the following block into the file at about line 175

<Directory /var/www/html/>
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride All
    Require all granted
</Directory>

Unable to Upload

From your command line, type sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html

From your command line, type sudo chmod -R 777 /var/www/html/wp-content/uploads


Why cant i install UKUU this is what i've tried please Help!

Ubuntu Kernel Update Utility (UKUU) has now moved to a paid licensing model and is no longer available free in the Ubuntu Software Centre with the latest release for Ubuntu v19.

The cost of a personal license is $11.

If you want to install a kernel newer than the one available in Ubuntu for reasons like some new important feature, better hardware support, or in case they fix some critical issue you're having with the default Ubuntu kernel, like some device not working, you can use the Mainline Kernel PPA. https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/

This is not an actual PPA that you can add on your system like a Launchpad PPA and instead, you need to manually download and install the DEB packages. To make this process easier and optionally be notified when new kernels are available in the Mainline PPA, there are various tools you can use, and this article presents two such tools, one that uses a graphical user interface, and another one that can be used from the command line. Both utilities support not only Ubuntu, but also Ubuntu-based Linux distributions like Linux Mint.


upgrading latex pgfplots in ubuntu 12.04

Following along the lines of iSeth's suggestion, I looked into updating texlive.

I tried following the instructions of this link. On the sudo apt-get upgrade step, I got the following warning: "The following packages have been kept back" which then listed some texlive packages. So then I used sudo apt-get dist-upgrade instead. Now texlive is upgraded and pgfplots seems to have been as well.

I'm still uncertain whether it is possible, and how, to individually upgrade pgfplots, but this solution solves my problems.


As far as I could tell (and I scoured Google to try and find an answer for this, and didn't find one even 15 pages in), there is no standalone runtime / projector / player for Pepper Flash.

However, as an alternative, you could use the Flash 15 Standalone Player executable for Windows(AppDB Entry) (or even the Flash 16 beta Standalone Player executable for Windows(AppDB Entry)) within Wine.  I have tested this (on both of them), and it seems to work smoothly and without issues.  In fact, I've noticed it runs FAR smoother than Firefox or Chrome's flash plugins does.  It is a usable alternative until there is a Pepper Flash standalone (if there ever is, as all I could find was Pepper Flash is provided by Adobe to Google under license.)

Adobe also made a Flash 11 standalone player for Linux, but it is still Flash 11, and it is really buggy and crashed for me every time I tried to use it in Ubuntu 14.04.  That's why I went the "Windows Standalone Flash Inside of Wine" route, which seems to work.

  NOTE: Yes, the links don't work - it's too hard to play catchup every time Flash updates.  Use this link always to find the 'latest' versions that Adobe makes available.


Wubi froze while resizing virtual partition

It takes a long time to copy all the files... the contents of /usr are typically greater than 3 GB. But if you're absolutely sure it's frozen then try to safely reboot: Alt+SysRq R-E-I-S-U-B

Turning off a Wubi can result in corruption of the virtual disk. In some cases this can be recovered, but it can result in total loss of the Wubi install.

Powering off the Wubi install is the last resort - if REISUB doesn't work. I'd advise checking the hard drive activity light as well - if it's active then try REISUB again.


I can't say how to resolve this but you may consider using lightdm.
If you can't login using gdm, press Ctrl+Alt+F1 to switch to console mode.

Then install lightdm:

sudo apt-get install lightdm

Make it the default login manager:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

Reboot your system:

sudo reboot


Installing Ubuntu on existing RAID 1 with complete rebuild

If you don't need to dual boot with Windows, it is best to avoid fake raid.  Blow the array away using the bios utility, and when you install Ubuntu, use the alternate installer to set up a conventional software raid.  You also might want to use raid10 instead of raid1 as it stripes the data as well so you get better performance.  For that you will want to manually run mdadm to create the array and specify either the offset ( optimized more for writes ) or far layout ( optimized for sequential reads ) instead of the default near layout ( which for 2 disks is identical to raid1 ).


How to open encrypred USB flash drive in wine?

You can't unless you can find a linux clone of that software:

Wine doesn't support usb passthrough(or other device passthrough).
Wine has no concept of admin priviledges, so things written to assert running as admin fail.

You should be able to do it with virtualbox with usb passthrough and extensions for full highspeed usb support.


You may use indicator-cpufreq. It is not an exact equivalent to jupiter but it's good, even better in controlling the cpu. Does not change screen brightness.

sudo apt-get install indicator-cpufreq


Ubuntu logs me back in immediately after logout

Eventually I upgraded to 18.04 and the problem seems to have gone away. I wish I could explain the problem and solution better, but that's all I've got.


Problems on Kubuntu machine connecting to some sites after AT&T uverse upgrade

Ok, figured it out, had to do with IPv6 on the router, no clue why the windows machine didn't have the problem. Turned IPv6 off and everything's fine.
Each router is different, so the best bet would be to consult the documentation or search the web to figure out how to turn ipv6 off on yours.


You can use chromeos-apk

It lets you run most android apps  as a chrome browser plugin. Luckily instagram seems to run.

chromeos-apk is a tool developed by Vlad Filippov to run android apps on any platforms such as Windows, Linux, OSX.

On Ubuntu, open a Terminal window. Run the following two commands to install and set up node.js:

sudo apt-get install nodejs npm

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nodejs /usr/bin/node

Next, install the chromeos-apk tool:

sudo npm install chromeos-apk -g

Make a directory in your home folder

mkdir apks

then download runtime library in this link Archon extract it into apks directory, I used 32bitArchon

Open your chrome or chromium browser version number is higher than 38, then (Chrome > "Hamburger" menu > Tools > Extensions), click Enable developer mode, and use the Load unpacked extension button to load the Archon runtime library.

Finally, download an android app with apk extension, move it to apks folder, open terminal in it and run

chromeos-apk nameofapp.apk --tablet

and load it as extension like we loaded Archon,

Launch it and enjoy!


Brightness bug after upgrading Ubuntu 13.10

I added GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=vendor" into /etc/defaults/grub, updated grub and restarted PC.


Unable to list controllers with Juju 2.0-beta1

You'll need to create a new file; cloud.yaml is an arbitrary file name, and you can put it anywhere. The contents should look like this:

clouds:
  my-maas:
    type: maas
    auth-types: [oauth1]
    endpoint: http://192.168.6.11/MAAS/

Then run juju add-cloud my-maas <path/to/your/cloud-yaml/file> to add the cloud to Juju.

You'll then need to add a credential for this by editing ~/.local/share/juju/credentials.yaml, so it contains:

credentials:
  my-maas:
    maas:
      auth-type: oauth1
      maas-oauth: <API token from MAAS>

In 2.0.0-beta2, you'll be able to add credentials interactively using "juju add-credential". You won't be expected to edit the credentials file directly.

Once you've got those two files set up, you should then be able to run:

juju bootstrap <controller-name> my-maas


Ubuntu 18.04.1 hang on boot with Nvidia driver installed

Please check the Nvidia Legacy List here: https://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_32667.html

In the case of Nvidia 390 working, but Nvidia 396 not, Nvidia made the Fermi architecture legacy, I was baffled when my GPU didn't work with the 396 driver, but it turned out to be in the Fermi architecture, so I have to stay on the latest legacy driver (390) now.


Maybe there something got messed up when you tried to install the NVIDIA 340.93 GPU drivers.

Before you install new drivers uninstall every NVIDIA related software you have installed before.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Then install the current stable NVIDIA drivers supporting your NVIDIA 310M GPU by executing :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-340
sudo reboot

In case you are using a notebook with a hybrid graphics solution install Optimus support as well.

sudo apt-get install nvidia-prime

To switch between intel and nvidia graphics - open NVIDIA X Server Settings -> Prime Profiles.


How to edit the context menus of Nautilus File Manager?

To add menu items to can write a Nautilus extension, like

from gi.repository import Nautilus, GObject

class MyItemExtension(GObject.GObject, Nautilus.MenuProvider):
    def get_file_items(self, window, files):
        menuitem = Nautilus.MenuItem(name='MyItem::SomeItem',
                                     label='My Item',
                                     tip='my own item',
                                     icon='')

        menuitem.connect('activate', self.on_menu_item_clicked, files)
        return menuitem,

    def on_menu_item_clicked(self, item, files):
        print [f.get_name() for f in files]

Save this into something like /usr/share/nautilus-python/extensions/myitem.py, install the package python-nautilus and restart Nautilus, for example by running nautilus -q; sleep 2;  nautilus.  Now you should see a new item "My Item" if you rightclick a file.

As far as I know there is no documented way to remove menu items.

The see API reference for some more information.


Chrome won't work and won't let me uninstall it

To uninstall it, open a Terminal with alt+t or by searching for "Terminal" in Finder. Then run:

sudo apt-get remove google-chrome-stable

and enter your password when prompted.

You'll need to add Chrome to your repo sources. Run the following in the terminal:

Add Chrome to your sources list:

echo deb http://dl.google.com/linux/deb/ stable non-free main >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list

Add Google's public key:

sudo wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -

Update your sources:

sudo apt-get update

You now can then reinstall it with:

sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable


Audacity is capable of doing this.

About Audacity

Audacity is a free, easy-to-use and multilingual audio editor and recorder for Windows, Mac OS X, GNU/Linux and other operating systems. You can use Audacity to:

Record live audio.
Convert tapes and records into digital recordings or CDs.
Edit Ogg Vorbis, MP3, WAV or AIFF sound files.
Cut, copy, splice or mix sounds together.
Change the speed or pitch of a recording.
And more! See the complete list of features.


Here is the general approach you would be taking. You first have to boot into a live Ubuntu environment. To do that, burn an Ubuntu image on a CD/DVD/USB and boot from it as if you're installing Ubuntu but choose "Try Ubuntu" instead of "Install Ubuntu", then open GParted.

Right click on sda5 and Delete. So you'll end up with sda6, sda7, followed by a big unallocated space.
Right click on sda7 (swap) and Delete (if Delete is grayed out, choose Swapoff first). We'll recreate it later. So now you'll end up with sda6 followed by a big unallocated space.
Right click on sda6 and choose Resize/Move, and drag the right arrow to the right to fill up that space. Now you're "expanding" sda6, but don't expand it til the end. Leave 8 GBs in the end. Once done, click OK. Now you'll end up with a larger sda6 and 8 GB of unallocated space.
Right click the unallocated space, choose New, then choose linux-swap as the filesystem. Click OK.
Now your table in GParted should show your merged (and large) sda6, followed by (I think it might be) sda8 which is the swap partition. If you made any mistakes, close GParted and start over again. But if all looks good, click apply to apply all the changes we did. This might take sometime.
Once done, reboot and remove the CD/DVD/USB to go back into your Ubuntu. Open a terminal and type sudo blkid /dev/sda8 (I'm assuming that sda8 is the partition number for the new swap partition we created). Copy the UUID=#### part. Type sudo nano /etc/fstab. Look for the line that looks like this:

# swap was on /dev/sda7 during installation
UUID=###### none            swap    sw              0       0

And change that UUID to the one you copied from the previous command. Save and close by Ctrl+X, Y, then Enter.
Reboot and you're done.


Unable to suspend to RAM because of unreachable NFS server

Whatever it was, it vanished with the updates deployed during the last 8 months. The problem no longer exists.


What steps should I take to prevent these apparent hacking attempts?

Yes, those are bad-guy attempts to hack your system. Those are not technically brute-force attempts, but they are not well wishes either.
Pro Tip: Never use password-based authentication on an internet-connected system. Use keys only. Since keys cannot be brute-forced during your lifetime, further action to ban the sources is generally unnecessary.
Observation: You are wise to audit your auth.log. Good job!


its sad no one helped here. in general I see a little help from the community for the crazy people who want to start a xen guest.


The first thing I would check is the default locale on the machine - /etc/init.d runs with all defaults, and not your per-user locale.


What is SNMP?

SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol) "is a widely used protocol for monitoring the health and welfare of network equipment (eg. routers), computer equipment and even devices like UPSs.".

It is commonly used by network and system administrators to gather operational statistics(such as measuring network bandwidth traffic, cpu usage, or available hard drive space) as well as setting system parameters.

What does this mean for the average desktop user?

As the question currently stands, SNMP is of little, or no, interest to the casual desktop user.

By default, in Ubuntu, the basic SNMP files (/etc/snmp/snmp.conf for example) are installed. But, they are not enabled, not used at all, and have little significance as far as system security is concerned.

Why would I want to enable and use SNMP?

As very simple use case for a more advanced(or curious) user would be to set up a monitoring/graphing system like MRTG, Cacti, or Nagios to keep an eye on the health of their systems and network. There are a number of useful questions on this site that go into details on configuring applications that require the use of SNMP.

This question is a good starting point to look at some of the many applications that employ SNMP to gather system and network data.

How do I enable SNMP on my system?

See my answer here.

Edit the file /etc/snmp/snmp.conf and comment out the line containing "mibs:"
Next, assuming you haven't done this already, you will need to
obtain the full set of IETF MIBs. These files do not ship, by
default, on Debian/Ubuntu systems due to licensing issues.

From the console (Ctrl-Alt-t), enter the following commands:
sudo apt-get install snmp-mibs-downloader
sudo download-mibs

You should be able to test this configuration by running the following command:

snmpwalk -v 2c -c public <InsertYourIPAddressHere> system
If working properly, you should get a response similar to the following:

SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux foucault 3.2.0-38-generic-pae #59-Ubuntu SMP Tue Feb 5 18:16:32 UTC 2013 i686

Where can I learn more about SNMP?

Net-SNMP is the "canonical" package for most installations.

A good introduction can be found here.

Finally, the wikipedia entry for SNMP.


How to use shortcuts while the mouse is in locked mode?

I've noticed the same thing.  This is because if the last thing you clicked on was the game, any keyboard commands will be interpreted as being an instruction for the game.  If you want to use keyboard shortcuts, click on part of the screen which is not part of the game, and then use the shortcut.

Hope this helps!


Opera - your browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available

Due to legal restrictions Opera is unable to distribute H264 codec. You can use the following workaround:

Install chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra package and create a link to libffmpeg.so:

sudo ln -sf /usr/lib/chromium-browser/libffmpeg.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/opera/libffmpeg.so

You can check your opera installation directory in the About dialog.


False disk full error: apt-get unable to install or remove

I know this post is a bit old, but I found an answer here for anybody that may stumble upon this post: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RemoveOldKernels
In case that link is broken, here is the relevant snippet:
Safely Removing Old Kernels
For users of LVM systems, encrypted systems or limited-storage systems, the most frequent problem is that the /boot partition is simply full. The package manager cannot install a pending upgrade due to lack of space. Besides, apt-get can not remove a package due to broken dependency.
This problem can be fixed quickly and easily from the shell. Simply identify one or two old kernels to remove manually, which will provide the package manager enough space to install the queued upgrade.

$ sudo rm -rv ${TMPDIR:-/var/tmp}/mkinitramfs-*
                                  ## In Ubuntu 16.04 and earlier there may be leftover temporary
                                  ## files to delete.
                                  ## See: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=814345

$ uname -r                        ## This command identifies the currently-running kernel
4.2.0-21-generic                  ## This is the current kernel.
                                  ## DO NOT REMOVE it!

$ dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+' | grep -Fv $(uname -r)
                                  ## This command lists all the kernels excluding the booted
                                  ## kernel in the package database, and their status.
rc  linux-image-4.2.0-14-generic  ## The oldest kernel in the database
                                  ## Status 'rc' means it's already been removed
ii  linux-image-4.2.0-15-generic  ## The oldest installed kernel. Eligible for removal.
                                  ## Status 'ii' means Installed.
ii  linux-image-4.2.0-16-generic  ## Another old installed kernel. Eligible for removal
ii  linux-image-4.2.0-18-generic  ## Another old installed kernel. Eligible for removal
ii  linux-image-4.2.0-19-generic  ## The previous good kernel. Keep
iU  linux-image-4.2.0-22-generic  ## DO NOT REMOVE. Status 'iU' means it's not installed,
                                  ## but queued for install in apt.
                                  ## This is the package we want apt to install.

                                  ## Purge the oldest kernel package using dpkg instead of apt.
                                  ## First you need to remove the image initrd.img file manually
                                  ## due to Bug #1678187.
$ sudo update-initramfs -d -k 4.2.0-15-generic
$ sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-4.2.0-15-generic linux-image-extra-4.2.0-15-generic
                                  ## If the previous command fails, some installed package
                                  ## depends on the kernel. The output of dpkg tells the name
                                  ## of the package. Purge it first.

                                  ## Also purge the respective header package.
$ sudo dpkg --purge linux-headers-4.2.0-15-generic
                                  ## Try also purging the common header package.
$ sudo dpkg --purge linux-headers-4.2.0-15
                                  ## Do not worry, if the previous command fails.

$ sudo apt-get -f install         ## Try to fix the broken dependency.

I followed this with:
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge


What's the difference between 16.04 and 16.04.1?

16.04.1 just has some updates and bug fixes. It's not a new release or anything, and simply running sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade on a 16.04.0 computer would bring it to 16.04.1.

I believe they make these point releases so that users are able to install Ubuntu with more up-to-date packages OOTB. Otherwise, anyone installing 16.04 would be installing packages and security updates from early April.

I think of the point releases as something like Service Packs on Windows (Service Packs from the days of Windows XP and 2000, when they actually mattered). They're not a whole new OS, but they come with bug fixes and security patches, and are installable through normal updates.


Strange problem with libc: undefined reference to `crypt'

Try adding '-lcrypt' after any objects used in linking; I've had a couple of instances where gcc would complain about crypt if -lcrypt wasn't near the end of the link list.

In other words, try something like:

gcc -D FOO -D BAR -W -Wall -pedantic -O2 foo.o bar.o -lnsl -lcrypt -o baz

as opposed to

gcc -D FOO -D BAR -W -Wall -pedantic -O2 -lnsl -lcrypt foo.o baz.o -o baz


I had the similar problem.

I solved it by going to the Ubuntu Software Center and installing the following packages:

GStreamer extra plugins
GStreamer ffmpeg video plugin
GStreamer plugins for mms, wavpack,qucktime,musepack

After installing all these packages I could play video without problems.

As far as I understand the system should be able to install the dependent packages by itself but there's a bug


Unable to reset MySQL root password, tried everthing

I had the same problem, and I solved it by executing this line:

$ sudo mkdir /var/run/mysqld; sudo chown mysql /var/run/mysqld

before executing this line:

root@localhost:/# mysqld_safe --init-file=/home/me/mysql-init &

For me, these steps worked better.

I think there is a cleaner way to do this, but for me, it was a quick and efficient workaround.


How do I 'see' an external USB drive connected directly to my Broadband Router?

It would help if you told us the make and model of your router. (Cougar Kid supplies router info, hitherto silent Knowledgeable Person slaps forehead and says "I have one of those" and supplies answer).

To see all the active nodes on your network, type arp -an.
One of the listed IP addresses should be your router.
The router is the "Gateway" in the output of netstat -rn.
Then, to see which ports are open on the router (with IP address "$router"):

 sudo nmap -A -T4 $router

Once you know which ports are open on the router, you can proceed with the problem diagnosis.

Another approach is to:
1. Note the computer time.
2. Cause the problem to happen (do what you have to do to cause the error message "Unable to mount location Failed to retrieve share list from server".
3. Type the command ls -rlt /var/log to see a list of the system's log files ordered by modification time.
4. For each of the log files with a time later that the Step 1 time, do sudo tail -n 30 /var/log/...
5. Carefully read the log entries - they may contain information about the problem.

arp and netstat are from the net-tools package, nmap is from nmap


I had the same problem when I bought an extra power supply for my laptop (for my bag) Turns out that some 'replacement' power supplies have a lower max watage and the computer senses that and then throttles the CPU. In my case, on battery=full speed, original adapter=full speed, new adapter=throttled.


Having trouble using Ubuntu 12.04 ISO in Virtual Box

For optimal performance of Virtual Box we need to enable VT-x (on Intel systems) or AMD-V (for AMD systems) in our BIOS settings in case our CPU has this feature.

To use this virtualization technology we then can enable this in the system settings for a virtual machine from Virtual Box Manager (Settings -> System -> Acceleration).

By doing so we are even able to run a 64-bit guest on a 32-bit host.

The architecture of the virtual machine (32- vs. 64-bit) also needs to be defined in the machine's General settings. In your case when installing the -i386-version this would be 32-bit (for 64-bit use the -amd64-images).

See also the following question: amd64 virtual machine in virtualbox


Allow a shell script containing sudo to run

You are missing something here. The sudoers file refers to the sudo command. By running sh yourprogram.sh you are not using the sudo command, you are using the sh one which in turn will use the sudo afterwards.

So the correct way to accomplish what you want is by marking the script as executable so that the user then can write

sudo /var/www/html/storage/fix_cache_permissions.sh

and this will not ask for the password.

Notes:

Since you are getting this error that means that you are not running the command from some sort of terminal. If it doesn't ask for password then I think that this will not be a problem.
The order of the commands in the sudoers file is important and they override one another. Meaning that if you write you command and afterwards in the file there is   something like this:

%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

This will override anything. So put your line in the last lines of the sudoers file.
Using this method you can actually remove the sudo inside the file since all the script will run as root.


VMware player does not allow you to create and edit virtual machines in the generic "player".  That's what Workstation is for.

Alternately, use VirtualBox


Resolv.conf: presence of 'search localdomain' fails correct DNS lookup

What do I need to configure to prevent localdomain from being added to the resolv.conf file?

First make sure that the resolvconf package is installed and that /etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to ../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf.

Second make sure that there are no domain or search lines in any of the files in /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/.

Third, find out where localdomain is coming from. If your interface is configured via DHCP then it's probably being sent by the DHCP server. Then fix the DHCP server configuration. If NetworkManager is involved, use the Connection Editor to make sure that localdomain is not in the Additional search domains field on the IPv4 Settings tab of any active connections.


Use:

$ cat /sys/class/input/js0/device/name

or

$ jstest /dev/input/js0

to find out the name of the device that is causing the problem. It's probably the laptops accelerometer that you should be able to blacklist via /etc/modprobe.d/.


Struck with a serious issue when upgrading to ubuntu 13.10 from 13.04

If you upgraded from 13.04 to 13.10 using Software Updater (formerly Update Manager) then it's probable your brother misunderstood a message and stopped your upgrade. If you were using a Live CD/USB it's possible you select a fresh install on 13.10 and were over writing your XP partition.

I recommend you use a Live CD/USB of Ubuntu and boot your system selecting the Try out Ubuntu option. Once you are in the trial session mount the partition on your hard drive to see if your XP and Ubuntu partitions are still there.

If XP is still there then you are in good shape and only need to repair your Master Boot Record (MBR). You'll want to read up about the MBR before touching it. Windows forums are probably better for that but the Linux SystemRescueCd has a tool to simply recover the MBR.


You want to loop from a text file : use while read
Example :

while read line
do
  echo -e "$line\n"
done <file.txt

Your script may looks like this (i did not test it)
run: ./myscript.sh inpufile.txt

#!/bin/bash
#
# This script takes a filename as argument
# The FILE contains a number per line

# Test argument
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
  echo "No argument supplied"
  exit
else
  inputfile=$1
  if [ ! -f $inputfile ]; then
    echo "InputFile "$inputfile" not found"
    exit
  fi
fi
# Loop
while read line
do
  if [ "$line" == "6" -o "$line" == "33" -o "$line" == "55" -o "$line" == "74" -o "$line" == "80" -o "$line" == "91" -o "$line" == "169" ]
  then
     NET=4
     ST=$line
  else
     if [ "$line" -lt "251" ]; then
       NET=1
       ST=$line
     else
       NET=2
       ST=`expr $line - 250`
     fi
  fi
  echo $NET
  echo $ST
  ssh root@10.$NET.$ST.210 -C "service xvfbd stop && service xvfbd start && service yespayd start && service yespayd status"
done <$inputfile


Internet Connected but cannot visit websites

Does your proxy setting is of type user-authnetication ? , Once setup your connections using Network Manager , go to /etc/Network-manager/system-connection and open the file which has same name as that of your connection, open the file and replace the password field with your user authentication password (i.e. password given in the proxy setting) save the file and reconnect , and the file should be edited with root permissions, I hope this works :)


Type Privacy in launcher and head to Files --> Don't record activity in the following folders.

Add any folders you want to exclude from search and you're set to go.


Easiest way is to use your BIOS's boot options menu.  During bootup you will see a screen that says something like 'Press ESC for boot options' or 'Press F8 for boot menu' or something like that.  Press that key and select the hard drive or partition that Ubuntu is on.  Once you're in, you can either attempt to install GRUB, or just keep using the boot menu options to boot into Ubuntu.


Ubuntu 19.10 won't connect to 2.4GHz wifi with TxBF, MU-MIMO enabled

In my case disabling and enabling TxBF, MU-MIMO didn't change much. However, switching from wpa_supplicant to iwd fixed the problem.
This approach was originally proposed here: https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?p=1835081&sid=96653a1f3594e9c8aa1ea7934ba09a7c#p1835081


You need to install the smplayer-themes package too. Open Terminal and run

sudo apt install smplayer-themes

Then choose a "Style" in Preferences > Interface.


AutoKey (Qt-based) and AutoKey-GTK, perhaps?


Fabian, I think you are facing a hardware problem and not a software problem. I think your hard drive or your controller might be broken. I suggest you do an RMA.


Set up different static IP addresses for different networks

There may be better solutions (at least ones closer to what you're asking for) but here's what springs to my mind:

Configure the DHCP servers at each location to assign your MAC address a static IP, and on the laptop, just have it automatically grab the IP from DHCP. This is by far the easiest if you have router access at each place.
The next three are essentially the same solution as each other - split the connections up:

Add and use a different network card for one location.
Leave USB network cards on the two ethernet cables (slower than native gigabit).
Use two wireless connections. Network Manager can do the hard stuff automatically so you just roam from one place to another.

Script something for when the interface comes up. I don't know what the event would really be called - but you essentially want to know when the cable is plugged in and the whole thing is ready to go. You could just have a static setup for one network and wait for when that comes up.

Bind in using upstart if you know the connection is there on boot, or consider this Call script after connecting to a wireless network if you make the connection after boot.
When the network is up, do some service discovery. Is the gateway where you expect it? Are there other known servers you should be able to ping?
If everything is correct, leave the configuration as it is, otherwise switch to the alternative network configuration. You can either manually set this up using ifconfig or you can have two connections set up in Network Manager and just use nmcli to switch which one you're on.

Out of the three, DHCP is the easiest.


GRUB freezes if external hard drive is connected. Can I simply make it invisible to GRUB?

GrUB will write code and data to some devices which will utterly confuse some BIOS USB code.  The only thing I found which will make some of my systems not freeze is to format the first partition (e.g., /dev/sdb1) as VFAT (intending it to be used for GrUB boot.  And that doesn't work for all of them, but it seems to help with some.  I mean, if you don't do that, not even the power button will get you out of this, you have to hold the power button in or yank the power cord, it's that far "gone."

Sorry noone has answered until now, but as I think you've found, unless you want to reformat your (USB) storage (and all the things you lose with FAT compared to ext3 or others) you'll have to disconnect the drive during boot, whether that's physically yanking the cable or as you have done ignoring USB in BIOS.  I post this here so that others might have something to try if they are facing the same problem.  What tipped me off is that when I asked interactively to select the boot device, it said something like "USB   USB-FDD".  Floppies are usually formatted FAT so I thought I'd try it.  This is a flash drive with an MSDOS partition table and as mentioned a FAT first partition (about 150MB, enough for GrUB 2 and a kernel/initrd).  The balance of this 16G drive is ext3.


Is it possible to run a c++ code and send the output to a python code in a bash file?

From my understanding of your question you want to run a C++ program to extract images and then put them in a folder. Then you want a python script to process those images. Based on that the script should be three lines to run the C++ code, a wait command to pause the script and then the call to the python script. You just have to make sure the python script is pointed to the folder that the C++ program is outputting to.

#!/bin/bash
./cpp_processing
wait
python ./python_script

N.B. Modifications to this script and the wait timer are almost certainly required.


16.10 upgrade - windows scroll in reverse direction

This is a feature called natural scrolling.  It is designed to make scrolling more intuitive when you are scrolling with your finger.  Mac OS devices, and the touch screens on smartphones and tablets, scroll this way, but traditional desktops, including MS Windows, scroll the other way.

Ubuntu has been offering natural scrolling for touchpad devices for a while.  There is a setting for it:

On some versions this option is instead called "Content sticks to fingers" (this is not very intuitive!):

However, since you are using a mouse and not a trackpad, I'm not 100% sure this setting will work or be available, in which case the detailed response in this question should help.


Probably your system is broken, easiest way of restore is to reinstall it.

Otherwise you can boot from live CD and post content of your system log from /var/log/boot.log but not this on live CD, this on computer drive.

To recover your files you have to boot from live CD/USB (like when you install Ubuntu), select try Ubuntu and you can access your files via Files (nautilus) standard app.

It's not possible to diagnose why this problem occured without your system log.


Keep VGA signal sending when using VGA switchbox

The answer to this problem, I found out, can be found here :

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1516048&highlight=forcing+vga+signal

In short:

Add "video=VGA-1:e" to the "linux" (kernel) line in grub configuration :  the output VGA1 will now be set to send a signal continuously...


1) Unless there's something that's been added in 4.5 or 4.6 that you really need and it hasn't already been backported to 4.4 in Ubuntu, then not really.

2) Highly likely yes.  Even if 4.6 does fail to boot for whatever reason, you could always boot back into 4.4 then get rid of 4.6.

3) There's a very easy way: http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2016/05/install-linux-kernel-4-6-ubuntu-16-04/


How do I expand my filesystem? I have Ubuntu MATE on a Raspberry Pi 2

First of all: Backup your data if you didn't do it yet.
If gparted is installed on your Raspberry pi I would recommend you using gparted. It's graphic design is easier to use if you are not used to fdisk.

If you want to do it with fdisk:
In order to create a partition you have to set the physical borders for the partition.

First sector (133120-62521343, default 133120): w

Value out of range

Hit enter instead of w and hit enter once again when the program asks you for the last sector. Then you can write the partition table with w.

Explanation:
The program asked you for the physical beginning of the partition. You entered wbecause you wanted to write the partition table but fdisk asked for a value. First you have to enter the size of your partition.
The program tries to help you by printing the range of unused blocks: 133120 to 62521343. You have to use a block in this range as a physical beginning of the partition.

The program recommends you to use the block that follows to the last block of your first partition in order to use your hard drive space effectively. If you hit enter the program will use this block by default. For the last block it will recommend you the last free block on your hard drive.
After doing that all space that was left on your hard drive will be one partition.


I'm logged in, and I forgot my password for my account with a encrypted home

You might be able to crack your password. But that is by no means certain. The only advice I can give you is to back-up your files fast (see the Arch Wiki for a list of examples).

E.g.

rsync -avz /home/_username_ /media/_a_large_external_hard_drive_


The following command worked for me:

sudo apt-get install snap


When making an alias; quatation marks, apostrophes or semicolons can prevent the command to work properly?

One uses backslash \ to mark the following character as "unspecial", thus, from MY ~/.bashrc:

alias bigopenfiles="sudo lsof / | awk '{if(\$7 > 1048576) print \$7/1048576 \"MB\" \" \" \$9 }' | sort -n -u"
#
alias deletedfiles="sudo lsof / | egrep 'PID|\(deleted\)'"
#

Let's take the complicated expression apart:

alias bigopenfiles="sudo lsof / | awk '{if(\$7 > 1048576) print \$7/1048576 \"MB\" \" \" \$9 }' | sort -n -u"

is surrounded by "s, so any character that would confuse the parsing code must be baskslash-escaped.

The 's surrounding the awk program are not of interest to the parsing code (it's looking for a matching ").

However, the dollar signs are special (could mean 7th parameter of the shell where you're defining the alias, a silly idea), and must be backslash-escaped, e.g. \$7.

Then there's the count-on-fingers \"MB\" \" \", two quoted strings for awk, with all quote marks backslash-escaped.

The 's surrounding the awk program are not of interest to the parsing code (it's looking for a matching ").

finally, there are the other commands in the alias (this time it's just | sort -n -u, and,

finally,

the close quote (") NOT backslash-escaped.

The next time the string is parsed, the backslashes vanish:

walt@bat:~(0)$ alias bigopenfiles
alias bigopenfiles='sudo lsof / | awk '\''{if($7 > 1048576) print $7/1048576 "MB" " " $9 }'\'' | sort -n -u'
walt@bat:~(0)$


I sometimes have trouble with my HDMI audio, and I've found that using pavucontrol works reliably.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pavucontrol
pavucontrol


15.10 - Unity-Mail not in Repository anymore?

Sadly Unity-Mail is no longer developed for the following reasons:

  Dead upstream (I no longer have time to develop it).
  Thunderbird has good Unity integration nowadays (unity-mail was written when it was not the case).
  unity-mail is incompatible with Unity 8.
  No reverse depends.

As long as we are not using Unity8 we can still install it from ppa:

ppa:robert-tari/main


How do I set the default GNOME terminal?

Have you tried changing it via the Terminal command:

sudo update-alternatives --config x-terminal-emulator

I guess this does not help if the Gnome-shortcut is set specifically to gnome-terminal instead of x-terminal-emulator


create new directory in Thunar, when view is full of files

hold the CTRL key on your keyboard and press - (minus) key for two times , so that you can get some space .

you can do that by holding CTRL  key and rolling mouse scroller .

else In preferences choose the text icons as i have did in image so that you can some space .


Can Ubuntu 16.04 be installed on a Macbook Pro

Yes, you can. However, it's not as easy as installing it alongside a different Linux or Windows system. Take a look at this website and look for what fits best.

Note that some hardware components or functionality of them (like for example changing the brightness of the screen) might not be supported. You can also find information about this on that website.


I can't install Ubuntu 12.04 on my desktop

I had the same problem and I solved it this way:

as far as the boot helper is concerned, I removed the failed helper installation and in the BIOS I set boot priority to cd
errors during installation were solved by burning the same iso on another CD after ensuring the correctness of its md5 hash; probabily the previous burning had some problems or the cd was not clean..

I hope that these solutions will help you..


Removing Sys-V-Init script in favour of rc.local. Will application still shutdown correctly?

I guess I should still keep the Sys-V-init kill links at the 0,1,6 runlevels:

update-rc.d crashplan stop 20 0 1 6

so that it still shutsdown correctly on shutown/recovery/reboot.


Definitely LDAP configuration is not for beginners, but there's some tools that makes the process a lot easier.
You can try Zentyal as server (http://doc.zentyal.org/en/directory.html), it's not hard to configure and maintain. And follow this question for client configuration: How to configure Ubuntu as an LDAP client?


Why does the mount point keeps changing, and how can I prevent it?

For a long-term fix, you could add the drive to /etc/fstab with a designated mountpoint. I recommend using the UUID to identify the drive.

Bonus tip:

If you want the icon to be displayed when the drive is mounted, set the mountpoint somewhere within /media/. If you don't, set the mountpoint somewhere else, such as /mnt/.


Random freezes on Ubuntu 18.04 with error: "watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#11 stuck for 22s" followed by "NMI watchdog hard LOCKUP"

From the comments...

You might check with AMD, as they had some Ryzen processor recalls due to Linux problems. See this bug report.

I looked at that lengthy bug report, and it looks like software solutions are all over the place... some with luck... some without. I'd contact AMD and see if they'll replace your processor.


Purge Guake with config files: Preference files survive somewhere

Methods vary on the Ubuntu version:

On Ubuntu 16.04 LTS the per-user configuration for Guake is stored in

~/.gconf/apps/guake

You can remove files from this folder to purge per-user configuration.
On Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and newer versions it uses dconf / gsettings for configuration. Install dconf command with sudo apt-get install dconf-cli and then
reset Guake settings with

dconf reset -f /apps/guake/

In command above the /apps is not a real folder, it is virtual path for configuration scheme (org.guake.gschema.xml in our case). We need to purge whole Guake directory, so the path should end with slash ("/").

Then restart Guake or re-login to reapply the settings.


Can you run Ubuntu MAAS without a BMC Card?

Yes. Boot the PC via PXE, Commissioning should start and soon you should see it appear in the "Machines" list.  You can edit the machine then go to Configuration --> Power Type and select "Manual".
Then it goes without saying that without a BMC you will obviously have to trigger startup/shutdown/reboots manually.  So from here on out you will have to trigger the Commissioning/Deploy of the machine and then manually boot the PC.


Here is what I found:

Links

Pipelight

Ubuntu Pipelight Installation
User Agent Installation
Unity Web Player With Pipelight

Unity 3D

Running Unity 3D ON Linux Using Pipelight

Commands

Installation

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pipelight/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends pipelight-multi
sudo pipelight-plugin --update

Updating Web Player

#!/bin/bash

#FDS-Team: Pipelight Project
#Tomasz Zackiewicz, Pipelight.sh

#update the checksum of Unity3D Web Player
sudo pipelight-plugin --update

#for Firefox, clear the plugin cache
sudo pipelight-plugin --create-mozilla-plugins

#enabling Unity3D Web Player
sudo pipelight-plugin --enable unity3d

Enabling Plugin

sudo pipelight-plugin --enable unity3d

Instructions

First, install pipelight-plugin.
Second, enable the plugin unity3d using the command above.
Next, follow the user agent overrider instructions at the link above.
You're done!
If it doesn't work, please tell me.


Turn your computer on.

Press ESC at the grub prompt.

Press e for edit.

Select the line that begins with kernel ………

Press the key e to edit

Go to the very end of the line. Add rw init=/bin/bash to it.

Press enter, then press b to boot your system.

Your system will boot up to a password less root shell.

Set your password:

passwd <yourusername>

Reboot:

sudo reboot


Can I switch between two users in a single click?

Not a single click, but I can give you a keyboard shortcut solution.

Go into the menu to set custom keyboard shortcuts

and add a new one with this command:

dm-tool switch-to-user suzi

Assuming suzi is your wife's username, and set a shortcut of your choice by clicking where is says "disabled" and then pressing the key combination you want to use (for example, super+alt+S if the user's initial is S). Set another shortcut to switch to your own account (with your own username in the command).


Will Wayland finally make it as system composer in 13.04?

The general X.Org discussion during the Ubuntu Developer Summit was held today to discuss X.Org/Wayland expectations for the Ubuntu 13.04 release.

...

  The Ubuntu 13.04 repository should also pull in the latest Wayland release, which will either be Wayland 1.0 or likely some 1.0.x point release. However, not talked about this week at the Copenhagen UDS was using Wayland as an Ubuntu System Compositor -- something originally targeted for Ubuntu 12.10. I still see it as unlikely that Wayland will play any significant role in Ubuntu 13.04. Wayland/Weston will continue to be packaged and likely serve for experimenting with the new display technology and maybe some primitive desktop application support (assuming they build out GTK and Qt5 with the Wayland back-end enabled), but I will be very surprised if they push it into any default installation for the Raring Ringtail.

Posted by Michael Larabel on November 01, 2012 on Phoronix.com


Reinstalling Apache fails, 'could not bind to address' error

Like many server applications, you can't bind to a port already bound to by another application.  The cause of your error is that Apache can't bind to port 80 because something else is already listening there.

Run sudo netstat -tulpn | grep :80 and look for the name of the process that's listening on port 80.  Then, either reconfigure or remove that program.  (If you provide the output for us in an edit to your question we can try and help you further).


how to install xubuntu 13.04 theme to Ubuntu 13.04

If you want to install a theme just copy your extracted theme to ~/.themes
or for your icons ~/.icons.


Test out new kernel with full ability of rollback

You can always remove the new kernel, even if your system is  "broken" in a sense that the Nvidia module does not build OK.

Enter the console by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1 and remove the kernel by running a sudo dpkg -r <package_name>.


There should already be a "power" button which has this option included. If you're missing it, re-add it to the panel via options.


How to replace or remove kernel with signed kernels

We have the same issue since the last update of Grub (Feb. 1st). Unsigned Kernels won’t boot if secure boot is enabled.  It ends with a message saying invalid signature, you must load the kernel first. Requires a cold shutdown.

You have 2 choices:

You disable secure boot permanently in the BIOS (worst option)
You disable secure boot temporally on startup with MOK manager

MokManager

sudo mokutil  --disable-validation
root password
mok password: 12345678
mok password: 12345678
sudo reboot

The machine will reboot in a blue screen, the MOK manager menu.. Type the number(s) shown, if its 7, it is the 7th character of the password. So, keep 12345678. The question to answer is Yes to disable secure boot.  Reboot.

You’ll see on startup after a new message (top left) saying <<Booting in insecure mode>>.  The machine will boot normally after and secure boot remains enabled.

This change is permanent, a clean install of Ten won't overwrite it. You must keep it that way.

To re-enable it:

sudo mokutil  --enable-validation
root password
mok password: 12345678
mok password: 12345678
sudo reboot

Tumbleweed offers an option that doesn’t work in Ubuntu: Enroll Key and hash to the boot loader. Our computer is not dual boot and the bug is also present in Mint 19.1.

We made a modification to boot in the Grub menu for 5 seconds, since left shift key does not work here, nor any other combination of keys. This tweak works fine in LVM.

GRUB_DEFAULT=0

GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=false

GRUB_TIMEOUT=

https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/secureboot.html

http://www.rodsbooks.com/efi-bootloaders/secureboot.html#add_keys

mokutil  --sb-state
SecureBoot enabled

4.19.5-041905: Unsigned and default

sudo apt-get purge linux-headers-4.19.5-041905 linux-headers-4.19.5-041905-generic linux-image-4.19.5-041905-generic linux-modules-4.19.5-041905-generic

4.15.0-29

sudo apt-get purge linux-headers-4.15.0-29 linux-headers-4.15.0-29-generic linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic

4.15.0-39 + 42

sudo apt-get remove --purge $(sudo dpkg -l | grep "^rc" | awk '{print $2}' | tr '\n' ' ')

The first command gave me following message/error:

  dpkg: error: need an action option

  Type dpkg --help for help about installing and deinstalling packages
  [*]; Use 'apt' or 'aptitude' for user-friendly package management;
  Type dpkg -Dhelp for a list of dpkg debug flag values; Type dpkg
  --force-help for a list of forcing options; Type dpkg-deb --help for help about manipulating *.deb files;

  Options marked [*] produce a lot of output - pipe it through 'less' or
  'more' !

What is the reading now:

dpkg --list | grep linux-image

rc  linux-image-4.15.0-39-generic              4.15.0-39.42                                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-4.15.0-42-generic              4.15.0-42.45                                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-4.15.0-43-generic              4.15.0-43.46                                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-4.15.0-45-generic              4.15.0-45.48                                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ic  linux-image-unsigned-4.19.5-041905-generic 4.19.5-041905.201812031110                   amd64        Linux kernel image for version 4.19.5 on 64 bit x86 SMP

There is a conflict with 4.19.5,(only the config files are installed). You did not install 4.19 properly. Re-install 4.19.5 and uninstall it after.

Get the 2 generic headers + modules generic + image generic there:

https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/?C=N;O=D

Then make sure there is no deb files in the Downloads folder and run this:

cd //home/**your user name**/Downloads
sudo dpkg -i *.deb

Reboot


20.04 Ubuntu Software Issue, software not appearing

I am not sure, but you can try to update the software list. Use this command in the terminal:

sudo apt-get update

Also, check if your sources (e.g. universe) is enabled in Software & Updates.


You can use Clonezilla to clone the disk directly if the SSD is bigger than the HDD.

Second option is to use Ubuntu live CD, clean the SSD using GParted, create required partitions, copy the content of HDD to SSD and install Grub on SSD.

Third option is to install the Ubuntu from scratch on SSD and after installation copy the content of your home folder to SSD.

The fastest is the third option, the most accurate first and second option.


It's easier to open the Ubuntu Software Center and install Gimp from there.

Otherwise follow Avinash Raj's comment.


unattended-upgrades error: "/etc/cron.daily/apt: DB Update failed, database locked"

My answer to this question was deleted. I'll try again:

This problem is actually not caused by APT DB being locked but the apt cron job tries to update xapian index. If you want to get rid of this error message just remove the apt-xapian-index package.

Meta: I guess some admin didn't like earlier answer to this problem as it contained link link to my blog with more details on this issue. It would be very useful to have some feedback on the deletion, especially for new users. The link to help center didn't really help. If this gets deleted, I will get the message, and not comment on this issue anymore. Good luck finding the answer ;-D


Huawei Modem E173 Not Connecting on Ubuntu 13.04?

I'm using the same type of a wireless modem and I connect it using wvdial package. It's working for me.

See here for the connection procedure : http://linuxinternetworks.com/how-to-connect-mobile-broadband-in-the-ubuntu-linux/


How to search strings in certain files using absolute path by grep

While you've give a pattern of files to '--include' (which will override any of these previously excluded by an '--exclude' argument) you haven't actually listed the files you want to search. Try:

grep -inr inheritDoc \
/opt/li/projects/universign-copy-2/universign/universign-server/src/com/cryptolog/universign/server/HealthCheckHandler.java \
/opt/li/projects/universign-copy-2/universign/universign-admin-www/src/com/cryptolog/universign/admin/actions/HealthCheckAction.java \
/opt/li/projects/universign-copy-2/universign/universign-www/src/com/cryptolog/universign/www/action/HealthCheckAction.java \
/opt/li/projects/universign-copy-2/universign/universign-core/src/com/cryptolog/universign/core/HealthCheckConfiguration.java \
/opt/li/projects/universign-copy-2/universign/universign-core/src/com/cryptolog/universign/core/HealthCheckResult.java \
/opt/li/projects/universign-copy-2/universign/universign-core/src/com/cryptolog/universign/core/utils/HealthCheckUtils.java \
/opt/li/projects/universign-copy-2/universign/universign-core/src/com/cryptolog/universign/core/utils/HttpUtils.java

And check 'man grep' for more information.


How do I install the proprietary Nvidia drivers on Ubuntu 17.10?

Ubuntu provides an easy way to install the NVIDIA proprietary drivers.
If you open the 'Software & Updates' Application and navigate to the 'Additional Drivers' tab you can install the Ubuntu provided proprietary driver. My driver is at 384.90.


Is there a use for drafters in the development in the next releases of Ubuntu?

Ubuntu is always looking for people to help, thank you! Start here: Ubuntu Community


I cannot type some Khmer vowel on ubuntu OS

Try installing fonts-khmeros. By default, I think you only get fonts-khmeros-core (that's what I have, and I'm not even sure where Khmer is spoken) which is probably a subset of all the possible Khmer fonts. Also, ensure that you've selected a Khmer font in whatever program you're using.


Level of entropy in full disk encryption

While you might not be asked to move your mouse, it will still help build entropy/feed your random number generator.

In Linux, /dev/random is your PRNG.  /dev/urandom is fed by /dev/random, but provides more raw data to use.

Accessing data on HDDs, moving the mouse and typing are all actions that will help feed your random number generator.

Unfortunately, when you're in Ubuntu's LiveCD mode, you most likely will not have many things to do that might cause increases in entropy generation.

You can, however, rest easy and know that random number generation in Linux has been under peer review and should be safe.  If you can't accept this for yourself, you're more than welcome to check out the kernel source.


How can I access xampp vhosts on HOST OS (Ubuntu) from Guest OS (Windows 10)?

Finally got it working myself.

I just had to add entry in guest's hosts file. So I added

10.0.2.2 site.local

in the Windows 10's hosts file which is located at C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc


Error on manipulating the authentication token.

Becuase filesystem mounted as readonly , you have to remount it with write permission.

mount -o remount,rw /

Try this. And always google if something you are not getting.

Hope it helps.


Your ifconfig output shows that your eth0 device does not have an associated IP address.

Does your computer tell you you are indeed connected to the AP?

You can set a static IP address in the 192.168.1.0/24 range (ie: 192.168.1.201) with a gateway of 192.168.1.1 and attempt accessing your router after that.


No webcam recognition in Skype with Fluxbox

You must run skype with v4l. To do this type:

Exec=bash -c 'LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libv4l/v4l1compat.so skype'


Why do empty quotes result in different output that nothing?

When you press enter it's just an empty line (zero tokens). When you  enter '' there is a'' token (even if it is an empty string) so something tries to execute it(*). On my 16.04:

>>>''
: command not found

You can also try to execute space:

>>>' '
 : command not found

So the package suggestion mechanism is a bit buggy on your distro.

(*) Also, compare plain ls vs ls ''


If my /proc/filesystems doesn't contain fat32 it doesn't support it?


Install old version of firefox side by side with live default version

You can install the version in your question and then the newest version as a snap, that will guarantee you don't have any problems.


No Sound with Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS after kernel Upgrade to linux 5.0

you should start with these three and then retest audio from speakers:

$ sudo pactl load-module module-detect
$ sudo pactl load-module module-alsa-sink
$ sudo pacmd set-default-sink $(pactl info | grep -i Sink | cut -d ':' -f2)


Error while running command "vagrant up"

This is because of PATH.It looks like your PATH variable got messed up.
Check environment file:

sudo vi /etc/environment

and make sure file is something like:

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"


Trouble installing AMD drivers on a new build - using 14.10

Looks like your question has already been answered:

No sound through HDMI out, 13.04

A year or two ago a friend and I built a midrange gaming PC on similar hardware. The kernel rollback mentioned in the link took care of not getting audio over the HDMI port and one or two other niggles. What exactly are you seeing that makes you think there's a driver problem?


Unable to install unity-webapps in ubuntu 16.04

If that’s the only dependency then just type --

sudo apt install unity-webapps-service

followed by --

sudo apt install unity-webapps-common


Create bootable USB drive from virtual machine (KVM)

The UEFI was the root cause of this problem. Changing BIOS' settings from "UEFI" to "legacy BIOS" or to "UEFI and legacy" with CMS enabled solved my issue. Credits go to G Trawo and Michael Hampton.

I didn't try to create the VM with UEFI boot initially, as suggested by Michael Hampton, but it sounds like another possible solution.


NAT not working on virtualbox running ubuntu

Ok. reinstalled same version of VB extension pack (latest) and it fixed it.
nothing else worked:) thanks.


Delete files that aren't in a list of patterns

While writing the question, I started playing around with grep. Part of the performance problem is that grep is running a ton of regex searches for every file. These are expensive.

We can just do full-string searches without the regex, using the -F argument.

find | grep -vFf <(
    sqlite3 database.sqlite3 'select replace(images, CHAR(124), CHAR(10)) from cars_car'
) ### | xargs rm

The output is the same, and runs in 0.045s.
The old one took 14.211s.

One of the problems with parsing ls is the problematic filenames. muru's comment below highlights a pretty decent way of using null-characters through the entire pipeline.

find -print0 | grep -vzFf <(
    sqlite3 database.sqlite3 'select replace(images, CHAR(124), CHAR(10)) from cars_car'
) ### | xargs -0 rm

The reason I'm not switching my main answer to this is that I know my files will always be clean and that I've been running this into wc -l to make sure I'm seeing the correct number of files for deletion.


After installing Ubuntu 16.04 on desktop, I can't login anymore

I had this problem trying to install 16.10. I just did a reinstall with a disk wipe and that worked. Im sure you could wipe your ubuntu partition if you decide to do a reinstall.


Can't connect to wifi with Intel 7265AC on Ubuntu 16.04 LST

Is the switch or key combination set to enable wireless? Is the key combination not working as expected?

Is the module asus_nb_wmi loaded? Check:

lsmod | grep asus

If so, please try a driver parameter:

sudo -i
echo "options asus_nb_wmi wapf=0" > /etc/modprobe.d/asus.conf
exit

Reboot and see if the Fn+F2 behavior is changed.

If the above does not work, redo it again but replace asus_nb_wmi wapf=0 with asus_nb_wmi wapf=1, and if that does not work, replace it with asus_nb_wmi wapf=4 instead.


Problem with broadcom-sta-dkms after upgrading 19.04 to 19.10

I manage to get the system working again. First, doing sudo dpkg --remove broadcom-sta-dkms allowed sudo apt upgrade to run properly. After that, I removed the wireless drivers from dkms and reinstalled them. During reinstallation it again got stuck after depmod.... After waiting for a while I used Ctrl+C to stop the process. I thought installation hadn't gone through properly, but somehow, after rebooting, I have working wifi again.


Ubuntu touch devel emulator not recognized by sdk ide

I fixed this by enabling developer mode on the emulator itself:

Boot the emulator and got to System Settings > About this phone > Developer mode and click the switch button.


How to create Win7 bootable usb from within Ubuntu 16.04

Easiest way is dd from terminal

sudo dd if=location of Windows image of=/dev/sd#

Replace # with your usb drive letter, do not enter the partition number, then press enter. MAKE SURE to unmount the usb prior to running dd. When it runs it will look like nothings happening, when it completes it will output how much data was written. Reboot and boot from the usb.

You can run

sudo fdisk -l

To list your drives


Can a Persistent Ubuntu install be made to the pendrive it was booted from?

Use Ubuntu Running in RAM to make a Persistent Install

Yes you can use Ubuntu running in RAM to make a Persistent install to the USB drive it was booted from, with or without a hard drive and only one USB stick.

Boot the USB drive using the toram option, that is at boot, press shift if it is a SDC install, if It is a UNetbootin install press tab at the boot menu.

Type " toram", (that is space toram) after the three dashes in the boot script.

After Ubuntu boots, download mkusb ( https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb ) and the Ubuntu iso of your choice.

I prefer going to GParted or Disks to unmount the usb drive partition so I can see what is happening. Unmount it using your preference.

Start mkusb, select 'Install...' select 'Persistent live...' and point it at the downloaded iso, select persistent and select the USB drive to be installed to.

At persistent live drive settings, Select 'Use defaults' and then select percentage of space for persistence. Allow mkusb to complete the install.

Not too hard and hopefully useful for someone without a hard drive and only one flash drive and a good internet connection. Method also works if there is an internal hard drive.


How can I clear scrollback and reset with a keyboard shortcut, rather than the mouse, in xfce4-terminal?

You can do custom configure hot keys via config file.

nano ~/.config/xfce4/terminal/accels.scm

Find and replace for set up hot key Ctrl-Shift-l Clear Scrollback and Reset:

(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/terminal-window/reset-and-clear" "<Primary><Shift>l")


I would start with the Ubuntu live CD (writing the ISO to a USB stick if necessary, there are tutorials for how to do that).  If you are able to run it without installing it to disk (via RAM and the livecd) and use the hardware on your machine without any issues, then you could proceed to the installation wizard.


In Ubuntu 15.04, boot-repair running forever, trying to fix the system after deleting all kernels

Once you are in live usb try the following comments

sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get install lvm2

{IF FILE SYSTEM IS ENCRYPTED => DECRYPT}

vgscan --mknodes                        *##not down the volume name##*
mount /dev/<volume-name>/root /mnt      *## For me 'ubuntu-vg' ##*
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot               *## fdisk -l for right sd--##*

mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/resolv.conf
chroot /mnt

apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-generic
update-grub
apt-get clean
umount /mnt
reboot

[DECRYPT] If the file system is encrypted then decrypt

apt-get install cryptsetup
modprobe dm-crypt
cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda1 crypt1  *## fdisk -l to get right sd--##*
*##Write the passphrase##*

Credits goes to kyodake for his answer to How to reinstall kernels


Stuck on recovery-mode - Galaxy Nexus (phone)

Using the manual install method:

You first need the two zip files downloaded, from the link given:

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-touch-preview/daily-preinstalled/current/

Download:

raring-preinstalled-armel+maguro.zip (Google Nexus)
raring-preinstalled-phablet-armhf.zip (all devices)

Then use the simplified instructions I gave as my answer to:

Failed to install Ubuntu touch on the Nexus 10, what can I do now?

Step 2 needs: raring-preinstalled-armel+maguro.zip

Step 4 needs: raring-preinstalled-phablet-armhf.zip

UPDATE:

If you are having issues, and have already attempted loading (or have previous daily image), then try reverting to a "fresh install".

Use the automated method:

phablet-flash -d maguro -b

Otherwise:

If you can't successfully install Ubuntu Touch, first return the device to a known state.

eg. Restore factory Android image (per first link above).


How to disable fancy visual effects in Gnome Shell?

The extension 'Disable Window Animation' don't work any more in Gnome 3.8, so just do this command to disable it:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface enable-animations false


minimize maximize buttons missing tightenvnc Ubuntu 20.04

This has been fixed in groovy.
Download xfwm4_4.14.5-1_amd64.deb from https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/groovy/amd64/xfwm4/4.14.5-1
sudo dpkg -i xfwm4_4.14.5-1_amd64.deb

reboot


How do I copy files to read only directory

Have you tried to the files with 'sudo cp files directory' rather than to try to change the directory's permissions?
Or, if you're going to be copying multiple files one at a time, you can use 'sudo su' login as root, then you don't have to type the sudo each time.


Disable Dropbox integration with GNOME Files (without disabling Dropbox sync)?

In Ubuntu 16.04 you can remove the context sensitive menu option for Dropbox with this:

sudo mv /usr/lib/nautilus/extensions-3.0/libnautilus-dropbox.so{,.bak}

A backup is created in case you wish to revert (for example too much functionality is removed).

Next close Nautilus and reopen it:

nautilus -q
nautilus

In Ubuntu 18.04 the directory name has changed to /usr/share.nautilus-share/interfaces but I haven't got around to testing 18.04, 19.04 or 19.10 yet.


Remove Full Battery Alert Tone in Ubuntu 18.04?

by Default in Ubuntu 18.04,

gsettings for the schema org.gnome.desktop.sound and the key event-sounds is true

pratap@i7:~$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds
true
pratap@i7:~$

making the key value to false will stop all the event-sounds..

to stop only the battery-full event-sound..

check the sound theme-name

pratap@i7:~$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.sound theme-name
'ubuntu'
pratap@i7:~$

List and find if it has battery-full sound file..

pratap@i7:~$ ls /usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo/
bell.ogg               dialog-information.ogg   phone-outgoing-calling.ogg
button-pressed.ogg     dialog-question.ogg      service-login.ogg
button-toggle-off.ogg  dialog-warning.ogg       service-logout.ogg
button-toggle-on.ogg   message-new-instant.ogg  system-ready.ogg
desktop-login.ogg      message.ogg              window-slide.ogg
desktop-logout.ogg     phone-incoming-call.ogg
dialog-error.ogg       phone-outgoing-busy.ogg
pratap@i7:~$

Example Sound theme that have battery-full sound file..

pratap@i7:~$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound theme-name Smooth
pratap@i7:~$ ls /usr/share/sounds/Smooth/
documentation  index.theme  stereo
pratap@i7:~$ ls /usr/share/sounds/Smooth/stereo
audio-channel-front-center.oga  menu-popdown.oga
audio-channel-front-left.oga    menu-popup.oga
audio-channel-front-right.oga   menu-replace.oga
audio-channel-rear-center.oga   _message-new-email.oga
audio-channel-rear-left.oga     message-new-email.oga
audio-channel-rear-right.oga    message-new-instant.oga
audio-channel-side-left.oga     message-sent-email.oga
audio-channel-side-right.oga    message-sent-instant.oga
audio-volume-change.oga         network-connectivity-error.oga
battery-caution.oga             network-connectivity-established.oga
battery-full.oga                network-connectivity-lost.oga
battery-low.oga                 notebook-tab-changed.oga
button-pressed.oga              phone-incoming-call.oga
button-released.oga             phone-outgoing-busy.oga
button-toggle-off.oga           phone-outgoing-calling.oga
button-toggle-on.oga            power-plug.oga
count-down.oga                  power-unplug-battery-low.oga
__desktop-login.oga             power-unplug.oga
_desktop-login.oga              system-ready.ogg
desktop-login.oga               trash-empty.oga
desktop-logout.oga              window-attention-active.oga
desktop-switch-left.oga         window-attention-inactive.oga
desktop-switch-right.oga        window-close.oga
device-added.oga                window-maximized.oga
device-removed.oga              window-minimized.oga
dialog-error.oga                window-new.oga
dialog-information.oga          window-slide.oga
dialog-question.oga             window-switch.oga
dialog-warning.oga              window-unmaximized.oga
link-pressed.oga                _window-unminimized.oga
pratap@i7:~$

Rename the file battery-full.oga with below command..

sudo mv /usr/share/sounds/Smooth/stereo/battery-full.oga /usr/share/sounds/Smooth/stereo/battery-full.oga.bak

Thats it.. to make a event sound.. it cant find battery-full.oga as it has been renamed as battery-full.oga.bak


Solved ... although at the moment im running debian (sid) gnome3, i suppose the settings are similar for ubuntu.

dconf-editor > /org/gnome/desktop/sound/input-feedback-sounds

Changed "false" to "true"

And just because not all applications have completed the transition from gconf to dconf I have also changed

gconf-editor > /desktop/gnome/sounds

And tick the boxes "enable_esd", "event_sounds" and "input_feedback_sounds".

Also found this sound naming specification at freedesktop website and added some custom extra event sounds.

:) I made a .ogg file for all event sounds (all of them) using a text to speech app and now i have jarvis gnome :p

Some of them: Low Battery | Internet connection | Internet disconnection


Stuck on the same updates; apt-get update doesn't seem to help

run "sudo apt-get upgrade", update only refreshes the repos, not the packages


Unable to change Screen Brightness on Toshiba Laptop Ubuntu 12.04

Just boot into an older kernel, probably 3.5.0-19, if you have it. It solved the exactly same problem on my satellite L850.


Try using nvidia-driver-450 (without the server suffix).
Also, the GUI for choosing the driver (Software & Updates -> Additional drivers) works very well.
And make sure to reboot.
I have GTX 1050Ti and noveau driver has the same error you described.


403 Forbidden error with Apache2 although all permissions granted

Don't use /etc/apache2/apache2.conf to add virtual hosts:

This is the main Apache server configuration file.  It contains the
configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about
the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific
#hints.

Instead create a symlink of your /etc/apache2/sites-available/x.conf file to
/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/x.conf, then restart apache.
sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/x.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/x.conf
sudo service apache2 restart

Alternatively, there's the a2ensite command that will do this automatically. Create a .conf file in sites-available, then
sudo a2ensite whatever.conf.

To disable a site, replace a2ensite with a2dissite.