In a nutshell, apt-get update doesn't actually install new versions of software. Instead, it updates the package lists for upgrades for packages that need upgrading, as well as new packages that have just come to the repositories.

apt-get update downloads the package lists from the repositories and "updates" them to get information on the newest versions of packages and their dependencies. It will do this for all repositories and PPAs.
From http://linux.die.net/man/8/apt-get:

  Used to re-synchronize the package index files from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the location(s) specified in /etc/apt/sources.list(5). An update should always be performed before an upgrade or dist-upgrade.

apt-get upgrade will fetch new versions of packages existing on the machine if APT knows about these new versions by way of apt-get update.

From http://linux.die.net/man/8/apt-get:

  Used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in /etc/apt/sources.list(5). Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed, nor are packages that are not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install status of another package will be left at their current version. [Emphasis mine] An update must be performed first so that apt-get knows that new versions of packages are available.

apt-get dist-upgrade will do the same job which is done by apt-get upgrade, plus it will also intelligently handle the dependencies, so it might remove obsolete packages or add new ones. See here: What is "dist-upgrade" and why does it upgrade more than "upgrade"?

From http://linux.die.net/man/8/apt-get:

  In addition to performing the function of upgrade, this option also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones, if necessary.
  The /etc/apt/sources.list(5) file contains a list of locations from
  which to retrieve desired package files. See also apt_preferences(5) for a mechanism for over-riding the general settings for individual packages.

You can combine commands with && as follows:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install foo bar baz foo-dev foo-dbg

or to get newest versions possible as per version requirements of dependencies:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

You need sudo both times, but since sudo by default doesn't prompt you within 5 or so minutes since the last sudo operation, you will be prompted for your password only once (or not at all).


Pulseaudio is not running :
Type pulseaudio  in a terminal and see if pavucontrol is ok.

If yes , the problem is that pulseaudio is not starting automatically when session starts:
then  run these 2 command in a terminal :

mkdir .pulse
echo autospawn=yes > ~/.pulse/client.conf
Restart session and test.
If no, something prevents pulseaudio to start:
Copy and run this command in a terminal to reset pulseaudio config:
rm -r ~/.config/pulse/* ; rm -r ~/.pulse*; ~/.config/pulse
and reopen session.

Test also this to reinstall pulseaudio :
sudo apt-get install --reinstall pulseaudio

If not ok,  likely a program is using soundcard : run this command to display this program:
sudo fuser -v /dev/snd/* .
If you see "sound-dispatcher', remove it running
sudo update-rc.d -f speech-dispatcher remove


Can't Use Installed fonts in gnome-terminal

One way to get Gnome Terminal to use a different font is to change the system wide monospace font. You can do this with the Gnome Tweak Tool, install by executing sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool in terminal.

See screenshot:
FiraCode selected in Gnome Tweak Tool


I can not boot directly into Text Mode in 14.10

I did this,

sudo apt-get install upstart

sudo reboot

Then I booted into Text Mode.

I found the information here:-

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SystemdForUpstartUsers


Unable to remove Multiple Nvidia Drivers Ubuntu

after you run "sudo apt-get remove" run the following command;
sudo apt-get autoremove. This command will remove all unnecessary installation files. Try that to see if those folders gets removed.


python-scipy test freeze in ubuntu 12.04

This answer is in response to maggotbrain's request of posing the solution as an answer.

Solution:
remove autofs using the aptitude tool

For previously mounted FS using autofs, you can use soft link or 'mount --bind' for local folders, or configure /etc/fstab for network drives.


My experience is that Google apps like gmail and calendar get slower over time, until they take minutes to fully load in Firefox for Linux (88.01, no extensions enabled). If I do a browser reset, they get fast again at first, then gradually slow, week after week, until I have to go and do something else while they're loading. I've been having this problem consistently for at least a year.
The problem occurs just at browser startup. If I close and reopen those apps later in a browser session, there's no issue.


Where is a list of available package groups for kickstart?

You can see the package groups with tasksel --list-tasks, and tasksel will allow you to choose which group to install.

This is the list of meta packages in Ubuntu

Listed in the URL are:

gnome-desktop-environment
kde
kde-base
xfce
edubuntu-desktop
edubuntu-server
kubuntu-desktop
ubuntu-desktop
ubuntu-minimal
ubuntu-restricted-extras
ubuntu-standard
xubuntu-desktop
lubuntu-desktop
linux-generic
linux-headers-generic
linux-image-generic
linux-restricted-modules-generic
language-support-*


Sometimes sync in firefox get activated without any user setup probably a bug. If you want to deactivate the active account and add your account. go to menu bar > edit > preferences > sync and click deactivate account.

If you want to open your sync account and view your bookmarks and settings then there is no way in firefox. In Firefox sync you cant view your sync data(stuff). Its better to use xmarks-sync addon compatible with firefox and chrome.

To install xmarks add-on
go to tools => add-ons and get addons search for xmarks


GParted merging unallocated space to Ubuntu partition not working?

Unfornately you cannot do this easily, because there are several partions in between the ext4 and unallocated area. This post  is similar to your issue. And has the answer to your initial intent.

However, you can set that unallocated space as your home, and your current ext4 drive as root. That way you can utilize your current drive structure.

You can google several tutorials for custom ubuntu hdd partition. One such is this.


ubuntu touch core apps | database version mismatch

I had a similar issue and I solved it by deleting the database files from the file system. Of course you will lose all data you had inserted in the application.

You'll find the files to delete under directory:

~/.local/share/Qt Project/QtQmlViewer/QML/OfflineStorage/Databases

Check all the *.ini files until you find the one matching your application. Delete that one as well as its .sqlite counterpart. After that I could run my app again.


How to save Ubuntu from restarting on a laptop with malfunctioning video card?

Start the computer in recovery mode, when you get to the selection screen you need to select root with networking.

Once on the command line you can install and run the openssh-server:

apt-get install openssh-server
service ssh start

Although this won't help you with your graphics problem, it will let you get access to the machine.


RShift + LShift works together with LAlt + LShift to switch language layout. Ubuntu 20.04

Welcome to new brave world of GNOME Shell.
For now it will switch keyboard when it wants. It does not listen the user. It ignores the settings.
There is only one fix for this - completely remove GNOME Shell from the system and install normal desktop instead, and here is how. I have just tested this behavior on MATE - it works as expected.

Note: as a good will, I reported this issue against GNOME Shell to launchpad as bug 1888940.
What is really interesting - the issue exists since Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.


Please help me fix my Ubuntu installation and the bootloader issues

Since your PC uses UEFI, the starting point I'd recommend is the official Ubuntu UEFI guide. Another source of information is the question regarding Windows 8/Ubuntu Dual Boot with UEFI.

The main statement of these articles is, that both, Windows and Ubuntu have to be installed using the same firmware interface. This means, if you install Windows using UEFI mode (only possible with the 64bit version of Windows 7), you have to use the 64bit version of Ubuntu and boot the installer using UEFI mode. Usually, the 64bit Ubuntu CD/USB-Drive is shown twice in the boot device selection, once with UEFI, once without, the same for a 64bit Windows DVD.

For your specific question: I'd start out by creating a new partition table (warning: backup stuff first!) on the HDD  you are going to use (for instance using gparted). If you are going to use UEFI, you have to create a GPT partition table. If you plan on using BIOS mode, the partition table has to be MBR. You don't need to create partitions yet (I'd use the Windows installer to make the Windows partitions and just leave enough space for Ubuntu unpartitioned).

Another thing with UEFI is, that Ubuntu still has some issues with certain firmwares and therefore bootloader installation might fail on some mainboards. In such a case, I'd try to use the latest Ubuntu version and to update the firmware. If this does not help, you have to use BIOS emulation...

If you have a 64bit Windows 7, my suggestion would be:

Create a new, empty GPT partition table on the HDD with gparted
Install Windows 7 in UEFI mode, leaving some space unpartitioned for Ubuntu (I'd say: more than 10 GB)
Install Ubuntu 64bit in UEFI mode.

If this works, you're fine.

If not, or if your Windows 7 is 32bit, then you'll probably have to use BIOS emulation.

Again, create a new, empty partition table with gparted, in this case MBR.
For Windows Installation, boot the Windows DVD in BIOS/Legacy mode (see the Ubuntu UEFI guide for more details - if required, disable UEFI booting completely)
Install Ubuntu in BIOS mode (by either using the 32bit Ubuntu, or by booting from the 64bit Ubuntu DVD in Legacy/BIOS mode.


WebDAV with Apache only working with Ubuntu client

To add to this: DAV itself is working and shows directories and files, but file retrieval only results in the HTTP-parsed representation of a file. That means, PHP gets parsed and the downloaded file shows the file as if it were viewed inside a Browser.


giving the command in the directory where the file is located

Your downloads folder is usually ~/Downloads (~/ is your home directory). So, open a terminal with Ctrl + Alt + T, and use the cd command to go there:

cd ~/Downloads

Once there, run:

./tmc-netbeans_org_mooc_tmcbeans-linux.sh

Tip1: just start typing ./tmcn and then press Tab, that will complete the file name for you.

Tip2: If it doesn't, you need to make the file executable first: chmod a+x tmc-netbeans_org_mooc_tmcbeans-linux.sh.


Ubuntu sidebar and close button bar does not get displayed

1. I suppose that you have mixed the permissions in your home directory. Try to open tty1 by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1, login and execute the command:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $HOME

chown -R will change the ownership of the user's home directory recursively to the current user and its :group;
$USER is environment variable that contains the username of the current user.
$HOME  is environment variable that contains the path of the current user's home directory - execute echo $USER $HOME to check the values.
You could try to use Ctrl+Alt+T to open gnome-terminal window instead of tty.

Then restart the system (sudo systemctl reboot). Or kill all user processes (kill -9 -1), press Ctrl+Alt+F7 and login to see the result.

2. If this doesn't help you, could try to fix some broken packages. Press Ctrl+Alt+F1 and execute the commands:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -f

3. If all of the above does not take an effect, you could try to reinstall the desktop environment:

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity
sudo apt install -f


Cebu City not an option in weather applet

The weather applet uses a library called libgweather. The GNOME Project has instructions on how to add your city to the data package.

Marcel Stimberg points out that there is already an open bug in GNOME to add support for your city.


From http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop
On that page, there is a download button for 12.04 and for 12.10, you just need to select 64-bit from the drop down menu.


Viber on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS using Proxy-connection

Have you tried proxy chains? http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/hardy/man1/proxychains.1.html

Let me know how it went :)


how to get rid of dual booting and only use ubuntu

Hi and welcome to Ask Ubuntu!

If you want to remove Windows and only have Ubuntu installed, you can't use Wubi. You need to create a bootable USB or DVD. This is pretty simple, and there are alot of online step-by-step tutorials to guide you safely through the process.

Quick guide using USB:

Download unetbootin and install your Ubuntu ISO file on the USB-drive.
Enter BIOS and set USB as 1st boot option
Plug in the USB and reboot
Choose "Install Ubuntu" when Ubuntu Live session is booted
Choose "Erase Disk and install Ubuntu"

Official guide to install Ubuntu 13.04

Hope this helped answer your question!


Which command locks screen with lightDM?

What @wilf said, but maybe you are looking for

dm-tool lock

for a different lock experience. (Because you said with lightDM...)

SECURITY WARNING: avoid using dm-tool lock unless you can verify it works correctly, see:

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=740163
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/lxsession/+bug/1205384


I too get some system errors. Most of them are due to a bug causing old errors to pop up.

$ sudo rm /var/crash/*

should fix that. For Firefox try:

$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall firefox


Those instructions are for manual installation, so you can ignore them since you're installing from a package instead.

Installing the package should be the only thing you need to do. However, there's currently an unrelated bug that's preventing nautilus-emblems from being loaded.

Solution

The bug has been fixed in what will become Ubuntu 13.10. If you wait until October and then upgrade Ubuntu, nautilus-emblems should work.

There's been no indication yet of plans to release a fix for Ubuntu 13.04.

Temporary workaround

If you're feeling adventurous, you can try building the unreleased package for Ubuntu 13.04:

Install build-essential, debian-keyring, and the build dependencies for python-nautilus.
Save the three source package downloads to a temporary location and run:

dpkg-source -x nautilus-python_1.1-3ubuntu3.dsc
cd nautilus-python-1.1
dpkg-buildpackage -b

Install python-nautilus_1.1-3ubuntu3_amd64.deb.


XRDP and Hyper-V running on Windows 8 Enterprise

There are probably better ways, but to modify display resolution minimum, this worked for me (setting my resolution to the current max of the synthetic display driver which is 1920x1080):

sudo nano /etc/default/grub/cfgset

Edit the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to include:

quiet splash video=hyperv_fb:1920x1080

Exit and save and then run:

sudo update-grub

Then restart your virtual machine.


Setup auto login and now I do not have root authorization for anything

Logging in as root instead of your normal account is an Incredibly Bad Idea. During the normal course of things, the only time Ubuntu asks you for a password is when you install new software or updates - and even that can be configured not to require a password, I believe.

If you can no longer log in because you don't remember the password, you could reboot to the recovery console and change your user's password from there:

passwd myusername

however, I'm afraid you may've stuffed the permissions up when opening your files as root... you may need to change ownership of your home dir:

chown -R myusername:myusername /home/myusername


Yes, on Linux you have two of them, with a slight correction to what you noticed:

you have the PRIMARY selection: select something with the mouse, and you can paste it by pressing the middle button (or the left and right buttons at once)
and there is the CLIPBOARD selection that is similar to the clipboard on Windows and mac, using the Copy (Crtl+C), Cut (Ctrl+X) and Paste (Ctrl+V) keyboard shortcuts or menu commands (note that in a terminal, Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V have other meaning, so you have to press Shift as well).

Spec


How do I enable a user to sudo without password?

Adding your apache user www-data to sudoers and then worse adding a no-password option is a REALLY BAD IDEA. It's a security issue to have the apache user being able to do anything as root and you should avoid it.

What you need to do is change the permissions of /var/www-cake so that www-data can write to it when you run svn checkout without the sudo.

Try this: sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/www-cake

Remove the sudo and try again.


How can I install TrueCrypt on Ubuntu 14?

Check out this link. https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-truecrypt-cli-on-linux. The information in the site may help you.


When you install Ubuntu, the first user you create has sudo access. If that's how you are logged on, and you don't have sudo access, you must have messed up something. Boot from installation media, mount your root partition and edit /etc/sudoers to include your username (and/or edit your groups file to include your username to the sudo group).

By default, you cannot log in as root on an Ubuntu machine. There are lots of ways of changing this, but it's probably best if you don't until you can figure out how to do it on your own :)


LXDE uses openbox as windowmanager

openbox has a config-file in
~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml
(this is a simple text-file, so use an appropriate text-editor for changes, like vim)

this file has a -normaly- empty section called

....
....

but with an example of possible settings there.

I dont use steam, but to disable the appearance of xosview in the panel
and display it without window-decorations, i did add the following there:

<application name="xosview" title="xosview" type="normal" class="XOsview" role="">
  <decor>no</decor>
  <desktop>all</desktop>
  <focus>no</focus>
  <layer>below</layer>
  <!-- above, below -->
  <skip_pager>yes</skip_pager>
  <skip_taskbar>yes</skip_taskbar>
</application>

the entry for skip_pager and skip_taskbar may be whats necessary for the steam-program. You have to check the right program name, maybe look it up with lxtask.


How do I determine problems with bootup based on this bootchart?

So upstart-udev-bridge is a transitional software package to start things up until init gains the ability to do so for itself.

udev deals with starting up devices, it has been known to relate to cdroms, and other hardware devices presumably.

I learned that you can "monitor it" using udevadm monitor.

Here is what I found:

udevadm monitor
monitor will print the received events for:
UDEV - the event which udev sends out after rule processing
KERNEL - the kernel uevent

KERNEL[1309201501.345628] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0 (power_supply)
UDEV  [1309201501.346393] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0 (power_supply)
KERNEL[1309201502.364125] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0 (power_supply)
UDEV  [1309201502.365439] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0 (power_supply)

...repeat forever.

So it's checking for my battery, which somehow one day decided that it wasn't going to be recognized any more.  Since a battery is a nice thing to have, I think that it checks on a frequent basis when it can't find one on the laptop.

Sooo, it seems to be a hardware problem that may be resolved when I obtain a working battery for this laptop.


How to autorun files and scripts in Ubuntu when inserting a USB stick like autorun.inf in Windows?

Open System Settings > Details > Removable Media and set Software to Run Software

Your USB Stick must be formatted with a native Linux filesystem like EXT4.

Create a shell script with the name autorun (or autorun.sh, doesn't matter) on your USB Stick and make it executable with chmod 755 autorun.

Next time you insert your USB Stick, Ubuntu will notify you about the autorun and ask if you would like to execute this.

To automatically open a document you can use xdg-open

#!/bin/sh
xdg-open myDocument.odt

This will open myDocument.odt with the default application for this mime-type. So it will work the same with all other files, too.

To have a custom icon for your USB Stick you can create a autorun.inf file with following content

[autorun]
icon=icon.png

and place your icon as icon.png on the Stick.

autorun.inf on Ubuntu support this commands (take a look at autorun.inf on Wikipedia):

[autorun]
icon=iconfilename[,index]
label=text

[Content]
MusicFiles=yes|no
PictureFiles=yes|no
VideoFiles=yes|no

[ExclusiveContentPaths]
/pictures
/music
more music/special

[IgnoreContentPaths]
/pictures
/music
more music/special


Link broken but when "ls" is used on link in terminal the content is displayed

You need to restart desktop manager, nautilus.

Kill all its processes

sudo killall nautilus

Start it over if it did't (it can be started by just opening a folder)

nautilus -n & disown


Errors during upgrade from 17.10 to 18.04 (shim-signed and grub-efi-amd64-signed)

I had the exact same error. The solution I found in order to upgrade the remaining last 2 packages was:

sudo su -
cd /boot/efi/EFI
mv ubuntu ubuntu-old
apt install -f
mv ubuntu-old ubuntu
update-grub2
exit

I hope it helps.


you can't do this with ssh cause ssh is just another Protocol to just do remote Login on a System over a Terminal/Console just like telnet.

What you're looking for is VNC.

2 Things needed 1st the VNC Server Service/Function must be activated/running on the Mac Server and 2nd You need a VNC Client on your local PC.


unix env command can't find file even though its in the current directory

Look at the first line in the file sg.ss
it most likely starts #!/blah
check that /blah exists.


Several indicator apps removed on 13.04 system tray

Crossposted from another Ubuntu forum community, someone linked me to the steps on how get back the system tray whitelist.

From a Web Up8 post:

Step 1:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:timekiller/unity-systrayfix
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Step 2:

"Then, restart Unity by pressing ALT + F2 and entering "unity" or by logging out."

Step 3:

Dconf Editor > com > canonical > unity > panel > systray-whitelist

Additional reference: HOW TO RE-ENABLE THE NOTIFICATION AREA (SYSTRAY) IN UBUNTU, FOR ALL APPLICATIONS


You can set up VLC as a media streaming server and I think it will cover off what you want to do, have a look at this Overview of the VideoLAN streaming solution.

It has a link to the documentation wiki for more info, you can also find many video's online that step you through how to set it up.


PXE Setup for Xenial prepends squashfs path with /cdrom

I found a workaround.
To edit fetch-url file, to trim /cdrom string in varable url. then repack initrd, everything looks fine. I just tested it. It is cool. Thanks Mengda's investigation together with me.


How to remove software installed from source, where "make" was not used?

If there is no uninstall option you need to manually remove the files.

Most (if not all) of the files will be installed inside a directory (from the readme I would assume it is called ns-allinone-2.35) at the path you ran ./install. Simply use a rm -rf to remove that directory and it will be gone.

Now for 1 extra step: during installion either the installer added some links to ~./bashrc or you edited them in yourself. So do a (backup at the 2nd command):

cd ~
cp  .bashrc .bashrc_old
gedit ~/.bashrc

and have a look for anything related to ns-allinone-2.35 and remove it. Be careful; if you mess up it might be problematic. After editing you need to parse the changes:

source ~/.bashrc


gnome-shell Doesn't read the system-wide proxy configuration when installing extensions

Gnome has it own set of variables where you can configure the proxy. You can read up on a few places where you need to configure the proxy here.

Your specific problem should be corrected, using this code in a shell:

gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy mode 'manual'
gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http host 'yourproxy'
gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http port 8080
gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.ftp host 'yourproxy'
gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.ftp port 8080
gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.https host 'yourproxy'
gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.https port 8080
gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy ignore-hosts "['localhost', '127.0.0.0/8', '*.localdomain.com' ]"


How do I move all my data from Evolution to Thunderbird?

I don't think there is an automated tool to accomplish this.

A fairly straightforward walk-through:
http://nucleussystems.com/blog/migrate-evolution-to-thunderbird

You can ask about any specific difficulty.


Missing dependency when trying to install VirtualBox

If you do not mind installing the Ubuntu version of VirtualBox 3.2 instead of the latest 4.0, install virtualbox-ose (VirtualBox Open Source Edition) instead of virtualbox-4.0. virtualbox-4.0 isn't in the default repositories, you've possibly added a 3rd party repository which isn't compatible with the standard ones. If you cannot wait and really want the 4.0 version of VirtualBox, follow the instructions at http://www.webupd8.org/2010/12/install-virtualbox-40-stable-in-ubuntu.html.

To install the virtualbox-ose from Ubuntu, you need to remove virtualbox.org from your repositories. Run the next command to remove all lines containing "virtualbox":

sudo sed '/virtualbox/d' -i /etc/apt/sources.list

Alternatively, remove the three "virtualbox" lines from your /etc/sources.list manually using a text-editor like gedit:

gksu gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Related launchpad question: virtualbox-ose 4.0 needs packaging

virtualbox-ose in ubuntu 11.04 Natty and newer comes with version VirtualBox 4, no additional repositories are necessary.


How do I figure out what package something is in without resorting to Google?

Install apt-file and run apt-file update

Then use apt-file search sphinx-build to search for packages contanining a file named sphinx-build


Alternatives to or workaround for snd-usb-audio?

The snd-usb-audio driver does not have a parameter to make it ignore some specific device.

The problem with the broken wireless audio device on HP Envy laptops is known, and a patch exists, but this is available only in kernel version 3.8 and later.

Try to upgrade your kernel to 3.8.


I had the same problem. I found a workaround by creating aliases to change the brightness value manually.

The file that contains the brightness value is:

/sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness

or something similar depending on your machine.

You can use an alias like that to add 100 to the brightness value:

bup='pres="$(cat /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness)" && pres=$(($pres+100)) && echo $pres | sudo tee /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness'

You can set up similar aliases to set it to lower the brightness or set it to specific values

Setting permanent alias

if you want your aliases to be available even after you reboot your machine, you should append the alias definition to the file:

~/.bashrc


ppa:evarlast/golang1.4 is not working for me. The manual way of installing Go is given below.

Step 1: Remove the existing golang

sudo apt-get purge golang*

Step 2: Download the latest version from the official site. Click Here

Step 3: Extract it in /usr/local using the following command. I am using Go 1.11.4 here. You may need to replace the filename with the actual filename based on the version you have downloaded.

tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.11.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz

Step 4: Create .go directory in home. (It is easy to install the necessary packages without admin privilege)

mkdir ~/.go

Step 5: Set up the following environment variables

GOROOT=/usr/local/go
GOPATH=~/.go
PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin

Check this AskUbuntu answer for how to set environment variables permanently.

Step 6: Update the go command

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/go" "go" "/usr/local/go/bin/go" 0
sudo update-alternatives --set go /usr/local/go/bin/go

Step 7: Test the golang version

go version


the reason is that 17.10 is unstable instead they told don't. it has problem w/lenovo laptops.
Problem solved in the 18.04 Ubuntu version


New partition table wiped all partitions including containing Windows.

So there is no Windows on your computer any more.


How do I remove Netflix-Desktop completely

On the install of ubuntu I'm using I don't have a full install but the person that answered before me is right, it is a PPA repository. On other installs of Ubuntu, and Ubuntu based distributions/flavors of Linux, this has successfully and totally removed the program and all remnants of it:

Run these commands one at a time:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:ehoover/compholio


Installing Ubuntu 1st Time, Fatal Error with Grub

I found the solution.

When first installing Linux, I am asked where I want to install the BootLoader (on the partition screen), and the default selection is the live disk itself. I changed that to the drive (SDA), and that did the trick. Looks like it was trying to temporarily write files from the disk to the disk, instead of the hard drive.

Hope this is helpful to others.


ubuntu 16.04 fstab fails with nobootwait

Looks like there are 2 relevant options that need to be set to imitate nobootwait behavior, taken from systemd mount manpage:

   nofail
       With nofail, this mount will be only wanted, not required, by
       local-fs.target or remote-fs.target. This means that the boot will
       continue even if this mount point is not mounted successfully.
   x-systemd.device-timeout=
       Configure how long systemd should wait for a device to show up
       before giving up on an entry from /etc/fstab. Specify a time in
       seconds or explicitly append a unit such as "s", "min", "h", "ms".

so setting options to nofail,x-systemd.device-timeout=1 should make the system wait 1 second for device to be mounted before continuing the boot.


indicator-sysmonitor i think its the best one you can monitor your net speed at your top panel

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:alexeftimie/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-sysmonitor

after installing go to options and replace the {cpu} and {ram} with {net} it can also be added to startup applications

New net-speed indicator for Ubuntu 14.04 Works great

indicator-netspeed

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-netspeed

You can see your download speed in the top panel and this takes less space in top panel.


How do I force pulseaudio to use stereo instead of surround sound?

Just had this sort of problem as well (I'm on 16.04 by the way): Pulseaudio did an unwanted upmix on me and /etc/pulse/daemon.conf was ignored. However, it seems that the configuration file in the user's home directory is not ignored. After adding "enable-remixing = no" to ~/.pulse/daemon.conf and restarting pulseaudio, I got the stereo output I was actually playing back.


How to know how much Voltage/Watts a device uses

It is possible to get estimates of the wattage a specific device/process is using with PowerTOP. In order to get estimates of the amount of power that is being used, rather than just the % of wakeups from specific processes, it is important to first calibrate powertop.

sudo powertop --calibrate

This takes time as it performs various tests whiles switching different devices on and off. You must not touch the machine during calibration. When calibration is done it will start PowerTOP as normal. Now you must leave PowerTOP running to allow it to gather data. After approximately an hour, power estimations will begin appearing in the first column.


App that enables hotkeys to half-screen a window?

This is one of the features of Unity, the default graphical shell in Ubuntu 11.04, the latest version of Ubuntu. Using Ctrl Alt Numpad-4 would make your current window take up the left half of the screen.

More shortcuts are here.


how to start LXDE session automatically after tightvncserver starts to make me able see desktop when connecting to the host via vncclient?

In your .vnc/xstartup file, replace /etc/X11/Xsession with

/usr/bin/startlxde.

I looked in /usr/share/xsessions/LXDE.desktop to see what it did. You can see how to start any of the session types in /usr/share/xsessions by looking in the desktop files.

(Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS)


I am not sure but I think this is the opengl library missing. Did you install the dependencies of steam when you installed the .deb file ?

You can easily do that by typing this command after the installation:

sudo apt-get install -f

If this didn't work, try to do a fresh install and remember always to install dependencies when installing a .deb file, because dpkg doesn't do that for you !


Why when I log in my two screens shows the same image automatically?

Similar Ubuntu bugs have been reported at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ and fixed within the last year, I believe. This only happened to me after I began using openSUSE.


GRUB Bootloader: Windows 8 Selection Not Working

This little tool should help: Boot-Repair

You can use it either from your Ubuntu disc, or via a dedicated rescue disc.


First Install windows on your laptop (You can install Ubuntu too but then u have to run boot repair from live USB to repair the grub because Windows bootloader is aggressive).

Follow these steps if your laptop supports BIOS (the steps are totally different for UEFI laptop)

Install Windows 7 normally (Allot 30 GB to windows partition)
Now install Ubuntu from live USB or live CD
You should create home partition if you wish to upgrade your Ubuntu without losing any data
Root partition should be of about 20-30 GB, swap partition of about 8 GB and home partition of about 20-30 GB (i have allotted this much only on my laptop)

  Partition should be of ext4 type memory for Ubuntu

Kindly approve my answer if it helps you by clicking the tick below the the arrow pointing downward since it will increase your reputation as well as mine


Unable to install most major packages; Unmet dependencies and cannot be fixed

change download server as suggested above:

Open your source.list using your favorite text editor, ie

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
locate http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu and replace it with http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu


Generally speaking, yes, but there are legal conditions and other things to consider:

Most of the licenses in use are GPL2+. The rest are more permissive. Distributing GPL software (and modified LGPL software) requires you publish (or offer to publish) the source of that software to the people you're distributing to.
What other licenses are you using? Are your electronics applications redistributable?
"Ubuntu" is a registered trademark so if you want to use its name in your derivative product, you're probably going to need permission. See Canonical's IP policy. Notably:

  Any redistribution of modified versions of Ubuntu must be approved, certified or provided by Canonical if you are going to associate it with the Trademarks.

You probably could rebrand Ubuntu as Dino-Linux without permission, and that would be fine. There have been grumbly noises about stripping all mention of Ubuntu from unlicensed derivatives, but there have also been statements saying that's unnecessary.

Seeking professional guidance, or explicit permission is probably your best bet here.
Post-install drivers (Nvidia binary, etc) are not free software. That's why they're not installed on the CDs. If you add those to your respin, you'll hit legal issues.
You cannot stop or enforce an EULA (et al) stopping somebody from trying to redistribute your distribution without paying money. That's the point of GPL. What's free stays free. A client could buy a single copy and legally use it for all their installs.

Again, you may need to think how your extra application fits into this bundle. It doesn't have to be GPL but you may need to jump through hoops to keep the licensing faeries happy.

That all said, I am not a lawyer. Even if I was, I wouldn't stake my legal reputation on having the full picture from your short description. Consider what I've said, make any changes you need to and then go and talk to a professional software licensing consultant or lawyer.


Classify csv files in different folders according to their name

Seems like a case statement would be appropriate here. This should work in bash or other Bourne-like shells:

for f in *.csv; do
  case "${f%.csv}" in
    *.lefto) echo mv -- "$f" lefto/
    ;;
    *.righto) echo mv -- "$f" righto/
    ;;
    *.sagital) echo mv -- "$f" sagital/
    ;;
    *) echo mv -- "$f" animals/
    ;;
  esac
done

Testing:

touch foo.lefto.csv bar.righto.csv baz.csv foo.sagital.csv

then

mv -- bar.righto.csv righto/
mv -- baz.csv animals/
mv -- foo.lefto.csv lefto/
mv -- foo.sagital.csv sagital/

Remove the echos once you are convinced it is doing what you want


Ubuntu 18.04 all keys, taps unresponsive but cursor moves

I found that upgrading to kernel 4.20 seemed to solve the issue (I hate to use the term "upgrade" usually when it comes to "newer" with respect to computers and systems!)


Why am I not able to open or extract .zip files? How can I fix this?

Press Ctrl + Alt + T to open the Terminal.
Type this to install unzip.

sudo apt-get install unzip

Then type this to use unzip in the Terminal to extract the zip file.

unzip [archive.zip] -d [destination_folder]

Replacing [destination_folder] with the folder you want it to be extracted to.
Also replacing [archive.zip] with the location and name of the archive.


Running an application ON or UNDER Ubuntu?

To be perfectly honest, I don't think there's any meaningful difference between the two. You can use whichever one you're most comfortable with.


xte called from xbindkeys is not working

"xdotool key --delay 0 --clearmodifiers F5"
    c:134 + Release

Source: http://www.ict.griffith.edu.au/anthony/info/X/event_handling.txt (search for 'Generating X Keyboard Events')


Wifi not working properly in HP 15AC 650TU

I have problems with wifi at both my desktop and laptop, if the signal gets lost and then up again then the wifi, sometimes, can't reconnect (even with disabling-enabling wifi, but most of the times that fixes the problem). The only thing I can do is run in terminal 'systemctl restart NetworkManager' and the wifi works again. You can create a .desktop file on your desktop with this command so that you execute it every time you have problem. I don't know any other solution.


Is there any way I can get Scrybe (Gesture Workflow Technology)?

Scrybe provides only .exe, no word about supporting X server. But there are maybe few possibilities, found on
http://alternativeto.net/software/scrybe/?platform=linux

easystroke looks good, but havent tried it personally
http://sourceforge.net/apps/trac/easystroke/wiki

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CagAEgXAAzA


Those steps work well.

apt-get update
apt-get install -y locales
locale-gen "en_US.UTF-8"
update-locale LC_ALL="en_US.UTF-8"

Log out and log in.

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8


HP Pavilion dv6t headphone jack not working on Ubuntu 13.04 or 12.04

I had the same exact problem on my hp pavilion dv6. I have/still run Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, and although my laptop is the silver,brushed aluminum model, it shouldn't be too far fetched from your's.

Ubuntu uses this program called Alsa for its volume.

Alsa-website: (http://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Main_Page)

Alsa comes preconfigured, but its not always configured to the right system. I had to go in and modify some of Alsa's configuration files using Gedit. I forget the exact details but it should come down to modifying some lines that say things like jack-1: mute to say jack-1: unmute

You can use Gedit or any other type of text editor. Make sure to use sudo to be able to save the modified copy.Also make sure to make a back up copy of the file just in case something wicked happens or if it just doesn't work, so that way nothing changes

Went to the configuration file at /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf and modified a few lines of text. I am a little unsure if I did anything else (don't remember), but I still have the URL where i got the info. a user on Ubuntu Forums posted this large list of different systems and the right text to insert.
(Found it at: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1043568)
Then (a few months later) I modified the configuration file at /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output-headphones.conf.
(found it at: My headphones mute AlsaMixer when I plug them in, HP DV6 12.04 )

Note: Step two I just finished today 2/13/14, so I have my fingers crossed on whether it will stay like this, but for now it works.


Will LiveCD test results be aggregated into the laptop testing tracker?

The tool is called Checkbox.  A new crowd-sourced "Ubuntu Friendly Hardware" program was recently announced, but I don't know if it will integrate with Checkbox.

http://victorpalau.wordpress.com/2011/04/28/introducing-ubuntu-friendly/


sudo dpkg error - blank line in value of field 'Maintainer'

You can easily edit the Control file to work around this. Open gedit or nano and type or paste:

#!/bin/bash

if [[ -z "$1" ]]; then
  echo "Syntax: $0 debfile"
  exit 1
fi

DEBFILE="$1"
TMPDIR=`mktemp -d /tmp/deb.XXXXXXXXXX` || exit 1
OUTPUT=`basename "$DEBFILE" .deb`.modfied.deb

if [[ -e "$OUTPUT" ]]; then
  echo "$OUTPUT exists."
  rm -r "$TMPDIR"
  exit 1
fi

dpkg-deb -x "$DEBFILE" "$TMPDIR"
dpkg-deb --control "$DEBFILE" "$TMPDIR"/DEBIAN

if [[ ! -e "$TMPDIR"/DEBIAN/control ]]; then
  echo DEBIAN/control not found.

  rm -r "$TMPDIR"
  exit 1
fi

CONTROL="$TMPDIR"/DEBIAN/control

MOD=`stat -c "%y" "$CONTROL"`
vi "$CONTROL"

if [[ "$MOD" == `stat -c "%y" "$CONTROL"` ]]; then
  echo Not modfied.
else
  echo Building new deb...
  dpkg -b "$TMPDIR" "$OUTPUT"
fi

rm -r "$TMPDIR"

Same the file as debedit.sh, and make it executable with chmod +x debedit.sh.

Then, run debedit.sh nxplugin_3.5.0-6_i386.deb for the file, and edit the correct line (or add it). Save, and then run sudo dpkg -i nxplugin_3.5.0-6_i386.deb.modified.deb (the name may differ a bit), and enjoy!

Source: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=636724


Wireless Manager On A Rampage - Ranlink Driver RT3290 Active & In Use But Not Working

Your device is included by default in the driver rt2800pci in Ubuntu 13.04:

alias: pci:v00001814d00003290sv*sd*bc*sc*i*

Please upgrade to 13.04.


I am installing new ubuntu in my system which one should I choose 16.04 or 17.10?

I'm just a desktop end user, but I would stick with 16.04 since it's the stable long term supported (LTS) version.  It should have the least likely chance of dependency issues since many vendors standardize on it knowing it will be supported for 3 years.

The next LTS, 18.04, is due out this April therefore there is a ton of development going on to 17.10 that will culminate into 18.04.


How to change the filename when you add file into tar file

The cause is tar automatically removing leading /:

  tar: Removing leading `/' from member names

It seems it gets removed before the regex execution. So you need to remove the leading / in the pattern too:

tar --transform='flags=r;s|root/myFolder/B/foo|bar|' -cf archive.tar /root/myFolder/B/foo

or use -P switch

 -P, --absolute-names
       don't strip leading '/'s from file names

As an alternative you could switch to the files folder with -C, then you don't need to replace the path:

tar --transform='flags=r;s|foo|bar|' -cf archive.tar -C /root/myFolder/B/ foo


After finishing the updates, if the option "restart later" is chosen, is it okay if it's just shutdown?

restart and "shut down - boot up" actually does the same things as far as updates are concerned

so you can do any of those


Does Calibre support Full Text Indexing / Search?

Unfortunately Calibre does not have full-fext (Context) search for now.
It's on the TODO list, but it will be a while before it is implemented (it's rather low down on that list).

As for me in addition to Calibre you can use DocFetcher for Full Text (context) Search in Calibre's Library folder. It is working as axpected on Windows for me.


How can I install Okular on Ubuntu 12.04 without super user access?

you could use the apt-get source command to fetch the source of the package and configure it to install locally.

apt-get source okular
cd okular*
./configure --prefix=$HOME
make
make install

Or using cmake:

cd okular*
cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/home/maythux/opt/ ../okular-4.8.5/

You may be able to download the .deb of okular.

apt-get download okular

Once you have your  file run dpkg directly from the command line.

The following example will install okular.deb into your home directory.

dpkg -i --force-not-root --root=$HOME okular_*.deb


Snapcraft does not allow additional property 'binaries'

The guides you link to are very old. The format & syntax of snapcraft.yaml has changed quite a bit since then. I would recommend using the official documentation which is located at https://snapcraft.io/docs/

For your specific issue, the format is as below:-

apps:
   hellodnx:
       command: hwapp/hwapp.dll

This is fully documented here:- https://snapcraft.io/docs/build-snaps/metadata


Can't connect to wifi - device not ready - ubuntu 16.10

The problem resolved itself after a boot into windows 10 (I dual boot) without any indication as to why. I had of course rebooted several times from ubuntu before posting the question. I would still be interested in understanding what the issue was. As requested here is the output from lspci -knn | grep Net -A2:

01:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Ralink corp. RT3290 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe [1814:3290]
    DeviceName: Ralink WLAN Ralink RT3290LE Roma 802.11bgn 1x1Wi-Fi + BT4.0 com
    Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Ralink RT3290LE 802.11bgn 1x1 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 4.0 Combo Adapter [103c:18ec]


How can I install netbeans 8.2 on Ubuntu 16.04?

This is the recipe of installing any bash script file

cd /path/to/scriptfile
   chmod +x script.sh or sudo chmod +x script.sh #for providing root privileges
    ./script.sh

So what you need to do is

open the terminal

Then navigate to the folder where your script is located which is downloads folder by doing

cd Downloads

Next is making your file executable by doing

sudo chmod +x netbeans-8.2-linux.sh

Then run the script by doing

./netbeans-8.2-linux.sh

And everything will work fine, else you have another problem which you should tell us then or add any error message you get to your question if there is any.


Mouse is blinking/flickering at my built in monitor with an external monitor, please help

Try to force fullscreen re-draws.

apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

There in section Workarounds check option Force full screen redraws (buffer swap) on repaint

Or, you can try these two:

Fix screen updates in XGL with fglrx

Force syncronization between X and GLX


Dropbox is asking me to change location to Ext4

Dropbox doesn't support eCryptfs.

As per this official documentation

  Note: ecryptfs is not supported, but Dropbox will continue to sync with supported file systems that are encrypted via full disk encryption (e.g. LUKS)

Also another important note

  If you’re running a supported operating system, but you see a message that your computer is unsupported, you may be running Dropbox in an unsupported configuration.


Cant connect to Ethernet after system installation (Ubuntu Server)

First, verify that you have a valid ethernet interface; ideally eth0:

ifconfig

See if you can connect temporarily:

sudo dhclient eth0

If you connect, edit /etc/network/interfaces to set a static IP address appropriate for a server:

sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces

I suggest the following, adjusted, of course to suit your network:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.150
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 192.168.1.1

Save the file and quit vim. Be sure to use an IP address outside the range of the DHCP pool in the router so as to avoid collisions. Get the system to read and use the changes:

sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup -v eth0

Check:

ping -c3 www.google.com

If you get ping returns, you are all set.


actually, activating the 'Force Write' plugin is not enough.

We need to right click on the song and click "plugins -> Force Write". You can also do this per album.

:)


VirtualBox : shared clipboard between Windows 10 host and Ubuntu 18.04 guest

It might be related to this bug in the last version of Guest Additions (VB 6.1.4): https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/19336


Issue with setting up Open Scene graph (OSG)

I had the same problem while trying to build paraview.
At the time I was uisng cmake 2.8.3. I just could not workaround
this error no matter what I tried.

Anyway eventually this problem went away when I replaced cmake 2.8.3
with 2.8.11.2!


Booting ISO Files on HDD (Including 20.04)
Basic GRUB loopback menuentry for Booting ISOs is:
menuentry "isoname ISO" {
    set root=(hdX,Y)
    set isofile="/[path]/[name].iso"
        loopback loop $isofile
        linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile --
        initrd (loop)/casper/initrd
}

Where hdX is the disk and Y is the partition number of the ISO location.

[path] is the path to the ISO file, [name] is the name of the ISO file.

Multiple ISO files are allowed, one or more menuentries are required per ISO file. (each ISO can have multiple persistence files).

Persistence (Optional)

If we want a persistent OS add the word Persistent to the GRUB menuentry, (via /etc/grub.d/40-custom).

If using a persistent partition make it ext4 and label it casper-rw for 19.10 and previous ISO files.

For 20.04 ISO files label the persistent partition writable.

Only one persistent partition is allowed per drive,

If using persistent files, each ISO can have it's own persistence.

Each ISO can have a writable (or casper-rw) file up to 4GB and an optional home-rw file up to 4GB.

Persistent files must be located on a FAT32 partition.

If more than one persistence file is used, a persistence-path must be given. Just the unique name of the persistent files folder is required. One casper-rw/writable file and one home-rw file per folder.

GRUB 2.04 Workaround

Ubuntu versions 18.04 and previous use GRUB 2.02 for booting. Versions 19.10 and later use GRUB 2.04 for booting in UEFI mode. GRUB 2.04 has problems booting ISO files in UEFI mode.

Workaround for booting ISO files in GRUB 2.04 UEFI mode is to add rmmod tpm to /boot/grub/grub.cfg just before the first menuentry:
export linux_gfx_mode
rmmod tpm
menuentry 'Ubuntu efi' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-79a50dba-9300-4c89-b7e8-887651e746c9' {

If the host system is pre-19.10 GRUB 2.02 should be in use and workaround is not needed.

Final menuentry may look like:
menuentry "Ubuntu 20.04 ISO" {
    rmmod tpm
    set root=(hd0,3)
    set isofile="/isos/ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso"
        loopback loop $isofile
        linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile persistent persistent-path=/ub2004-1/ fsck.mode=skip quiet splash toram --
        initrd (loop)/casper/initrd
}

with rmmod tpm shown in alternate location.

toram option may be used to boot to RAM for high speed on computers with lots of RAM, but takes longer to boot.

fsck.mode=skip option stops Filesystem Checking.

The Language/Try/Install screen can be eliminated by removing maybe-ubiquity from grub.cfg

Locating rmmod tpm tn the alternate location, inside the menuentry, will give the warning error: no such module when booting in BIOS mode, see post 60 bug report https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1851311

mkusb USB-pack-EFI replaces rmmod tpm with:
grub_platform
if test "$grub_platform" = "efi"; then
        rmmod tpm
fi

So that rmmod tpm is only run on UEFI boots.


Location to place systemd service EnvironmentFile when creating debian package

Someone else answered this question here on the Unix & Linux Stack Exchange site.

(Excerpt below)

The systemd people do not like environment files.

So there isn't one.

Several of the systemd people are on record, over the years, as saying that environment files are a mechanism that they should never have given to systemd in the first place.

The native systemd mechanism is, after all, the service unit file itself, wherein environment variables are set with Environment= keys.  Customizing the environment of a service with administrator-defined or machine-specific variables is, in their view, a matter of dropping in snippet .conf files for units, that set other environment variables with further Environment= keys.

(But honestly, there's really no point in trying to dynamically convert stuff into a file that is suitable for EnvironmentFile=. […] Also /etc/sysconfig is a Redhatism that should really go away, the whole concept is flawed. Adding a new /run/sysconfig/ certainly makes that even worse.)I probably should never have added EnvironmentFile= in the first place. Packagers misunderstand that unit files are subject to admin configuration and should be treated as such, and that spliting out  configuration of unit files into separate EnvironmentFiles= is a really non-sensical game of unnecessary indirection.
— Lennart Poettering (2015-12-09). Query regarding "EnvironmentFile".  systemd-devel.

Use of EnvironmentFile= is pretty much always a bad idea, and we probably should never have added that, since it invites packagers to reintroduce the /etc/default/ and /etc/sysconfig/ madness we try to remove.— Lennart Poettering (2015-07-22). please consider having variables for an entire unit file. systemd bug #618.  GitHub.

Bonus content

In the daemontools world, we have environment directories of course, read with the envdir/s6-envdir command.  Albeit that it is not a standard nor a requirement of daemontools, a convention that one can use, that aligns with some tools, is that the environment directory is named env and lives in the service directory alongside the run program and other stuff.


(initramfs) Terminal - Instead of Ubuntu login screen

It seems like a filesystem error.You follow below steps it will help you sure:

1)Boot your machine with ubuntu live cd and select try ubuntu
2)Install Gparted application in it via internet
3)After installation open Gparted tool
4)Select your hard drive in Gparted tool and select first partition and right click and choose "check" option and then ok >> apply >> click on right symbol on top and done you have completed successfully.

5)Now boot your machine with your hard disk only.


How can I disable Alt-Scroll zoom in XFCE4 (Xubuntu)

There is an easy way, without losing the moving windows feature.

Open Settings Editor
Go to Channel xfwm4
Disable Property zoom_desktop


How To Command Linux Ubuntu Convert Video To 4k?

The most powerful video (and audio and even subtitles) conversion tool for Linux (and there are also binaries for Windows and Mac OS) is ffmpeg.

If You want to convert video file using ffmpeg, changing its resolution to 4k(~3840x2160), use command like this:

 ffmpeg -i YourFile -vf scale=3840:2160 OutputFile4k.mp4

There are many other useful parameters for ffmpeg, which can be found by running it with --help option.

P.S. If You don't like console tools, You can install tool called HandBrake. It's easy to use GUI tool for converting video. Select input file, on size tab adjust values for output to be created in 4k.

Also check if You really need to convert video to 4k. If You have lower or higher resolution file You can play it as is on 4k monitor. Reconverting video with bigger or smaller resolution does not improve its quality.


I want to install 64bit ubuntu onto my computer currently running 32bit ubuntu

Yes, 64-bit Ubuntu will work on your computer. Intel Core 2 Duo processors support the 64-bit architecture, and 4GB RAM is enough memory to make installing Ubuntu 64-bit give improved performance.


I don't think that "GUI" and "Security" belong in the same question. Are you really looking for "Click here to be insecure/secure"?

A command-line tool that I currently use is lynis dowloadable from https://cisofy.com/lynis/ Does not fix things, just points out things that should be fixed.

However, since you didn't figure out what was going on back when "Today while I was trying to install a new software via software center, my password stopped working", you're probably doomed to remain confused. Stop changing your system until you figure out how you got to the current state. Any "fix" applied without this understanding will probably make things worse.


Have you tried changing the permissions of the file you want to edit? Something like this might work:

sudo chmod u=rwx,g=,o= <path-to-file>

After doing that, try to edit the file.

If that works, you may want to restrict the permissions somewhat when you're done editing. Before you do the above command, you should do:

ls -l <path-to-file>

then you can see what the permissions on the file are before you change them. This may explain why you couldn't write to the file before, and will also give you safer permissions that you can revert to when you're done editing.


How to burn image or ISO from a cd/dvd to ubuntu

When burning an iso file in Ubuntu, you should be able to put the blank disc in, and it will bring up the prompt to select what you want to do. Select cancel and find the iso file. Right click the iso file, and select 'Write to disc'. This will bring up a prompt that lets you write the file to the disc.

Select the disc drive you want to burn to, and select your write speed. If writing the Ubuntu iso to a disc, it's recommended to use the lowest write speed possible. Click 'Burn', and wait for it finish. Once finished, verify that there are multiple files on the disc, and not just a copy of the iso.


Do '..-backports' repositories automatically take precedence over the standard repos? in sources.list

The packages in backports always have higher version numbers than the other standard repos, so effectively yes.

Traditionally, this has been correct. Because backports always have higher version numbers than the other pockets, if they are enabled, they will be preferred.

However, this has actually changed in recent Ubuntu versions. For the 10.04 (Natty) release, we changed apt so that it only installs backports if they are specifically requested (which you can do by adding the -t oneiric-backports (or similar) flag to apt-get.

(None of this is affected by the order of entries in your sources.list files; those are only used if multiple lines provide the exact same version of a package, in which case we fetch it from the first-listed one)


See my answer here about how to format a memory stick to FAT (compatible with everything): Corrupt usb. Is there any way to fix it?


phpMyAdmin is displaying code instead of page

I was facing the exact same problem and it was solved for me by doing this:

sudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif
sudo a2enconf php7.0-fpm
sudo service apache2 restart

How and Why: This happens when PHP7 doesn't configure the default fast-CGI service in the make script.
sudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif creates three new mods

/mods-available/proxy.conf
proxy_fcgi.load
proxy.load

Likewise, sudo a2enconf php7.0-fpm creates a config file /conf-available/php7.0-fpm.conf Once this is done and Apache2 can then run the PHP7 module as a fast-CGI service

Source


How to install SketchUp2017 on Ubuntu 16.10?

in my experience a good fix for that is to type

mkdir ~/.wine64
WINEPREFIX=~/.wine64 wine64 SketchUpPro

or rather than specifying that variable in the command, type
export WINEPREFIX=~/.wine64
before running wine


How to get Epson Perfection V10 run on Ubuntu?

Install gdebi,
sudo apt-get install gdebi-gtk

Download:

http://support.epson.net/linux/en/iscan.php?model=gt-s600&version=1.0.0

Right click the downloaded file and open with gdebi installer. Follow the direction and do the same to uninstall.

Open Simple Scan > Preferences > Source (select your scanner).

I notice there are two drivers you might want to try the latest one and if not working you can try the other one.


NVIDIA proprietary driver with ATI OpenCL support

Actually I managed to do just that, it was a year ago and I was mining some bitcoin with the Radeon card while having the NVidia card as the render card and for movie watching. I am not sure how I have done that but as I recall installing AMD drivers first and NVIDIA second will do just that. There was some instability due to the sequence in which the drivers were loaded. The AMD binary blobs worked only one way, either initialized before NVidia or after Nvidia - cannot recall for sure. Anyway, the point is, it is possible. Also, I might have installed NVidia drivers from repository (openSUSE) and AMD from installer.


How to set port forwarding to use terminal server client?

Most likely you use RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol), as it works out of the box in Windows.

RDP uses TCP port 3389 by default; so port forwarding needs to be set up like this:

port 3389 on your router --> port 3389 on your Windows machine

For VNC you would need to do the same, but with port 5900.


Ubuntu 18.04: How do I prevent automatic suspend?

Start Gnome Tweaks and change this setting...

In 19.04 you'll also find...


pppoe won't start at boot time after upgrading to Ubuntu 16.04LTS

same issue here, updated from 14.04, where adsl was launched at boot.

no luck setting persistent or any other metod listed in
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ADSLPPPoE

Finaly, I fixed adding :

ip link set  eth0 up
    pon dsl-provider
    exit 0

at /etc/rc.local

Notice the difference from the wiki in "dev"
ip link set dev eth0 up

that doesn't work!


Installed Driver for Evga GTX 970. Can't log in to Ubuntu

Press Ctrl+Alt+F1, login to console and remove proprietary drivers

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

after reboot you should get as it was before.

You can install a driver that supports your adapter by

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa


How to restore icons on the top-right corner in the Unity Panel?

By an accident I am unaware of, I selected lxdm as the display manager so an ugly blue login page comes out every time I tried to log in, as described in this question: How to remove the ugly blue log in?. Now I run sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm and select lightdm as the display manager, all things I am familiar with come back again, including the lovely icons in the topbar.

PS: by executing sudo apt-get remove lxdm, we can completely remove that ugly blue login window forever.

Thank Seth for his help.


export: * not a valid identifier, whenever I use bash?

Its saying that you have some problems in your .bashrc.

type as nano ~/.bashrc in your terminal.

check at that area of the lines and fix those errors.

then save & close.

then again type as bash or  open your terminal .


Having just run across something similar in PowerShell's -replace just this week, I'm going to theorize that there may be extra characters in your input that you can't see.  Try a hexdump -C on the text you are replacing.
For instance, the wsl.exe command itself outputs UTF-16 (perhaps even somewhat malformed), which basically puts a 0-byte character after each ASCII character (apologies if my character-encoding terminology isn't quite right):
wsl.exe -l | hexdump -c:
00000000  57 00 69 00 6e 00 64 00  6f 00 77 00 73 00 20 00  |W.i.n.d.o.w.s. .|
00000010  53 00 75 00 62 00 73 00  79 00 73 00 74 00 65 00  |S.u.b.s.y.s.t.e.|
00000020  6d 00 20 00 66 00 6f 00  72 00 20 00 4c 00 69 00  |m. .f.o.r. .L.i.|
...

A wsl.exe -l | sed 's/W/B/' will result in:
Bindows Subsystem for Linux Distributions:
Ubuntu (Default)
...

But wsl -l | sed 's/Windows/GatesOS/' will fail to replace anything, similar to what you are experiencing:
Windows Subsystem for Linux Distributions:
Ubuntu (Default)
...

If this is the problem you are facing, at least the solution under Linux/WSL is easier than it was under PowerShell.  Just use iconv to convert the input from UTF16 to something more manageable, like UTF8:
wsl.exe -l | iconv -f UTF16 -t UTF8 | sed 's/Windows/GatesOS/':
GatesOS Subsystem for Linux Distributions:
Ubuntu (Default)
...


How can I test to see if my touchpad is supports more than 2 finger gestures?

As an update to htorque's answer, you must now use geis-tools instead of utouch-geis-tools (> 12.04). So run the following set of commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install geis-tools
geisview

In the new window, go under Device<device_id>Added:<device_name> (Probably the last option) and check device touches: <finger_number>. finger_number will tell you the number of multi-touch fingers your touchpad supports.


Ubuntu 16.10 installed under UEFI mode, now can't boot into Windows 10 or Ubuntu, getting grub rescue

You can't. The only time I have seen machines with both you have to choose at boot. On a cold start what F-Keys are offered? Most have a bios and a boot choice. Mine is F-12. Have a live CD? Boot that and choose test Ubuntu. The next restart do it again and choose HD. then the boot screen will show the choices to boot Ubuntu or a Windows 7 or 10.


How can I change the Ctrl+Shift+U shortcut (and others) to work as expected in Texmaker instead of being caught by Ubuntu 18.04?

As per this Stack Exchange Answer You need to run:

im-config -n none

The screen with the Unity interface looks like this afterwards:

Notice the last field has changed from iBus to none. Unfortunately I don't have a Gnome Desktop screenshot for you.

A newer method (if im-config is not installed on your system) is with gsettings:

$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.keyboard active false


Is there something similar to backlight `/sys/class/backlight/____/brightness` but for desktop computers?

Some interfaces exist, you can find them here.

The DDC protocol (apt-get install ddccontrol) should do the trick


How do you find and use programs that have been installed on Ubuntu?

To locate it it, use the following command :

dpkg -L package_name

Alternatively, you can search it in Unity by pressing the launcher and typing the name of the application or package you installed.
To run it as a normal user, open the terminal and type in the application name, that is, the command of the application. As an example, to run rhythmbox music player, you just opn the terminal and type in rhythmbox, and it will open.

To uninstall an application, you need aministrative priviledges, hence the need to use sudo in a command line. In uninstalling, open the terminal and type in

  sudo apt-get remove application_name

and the applicaton will be removed. To remove everything that was added to the machine, including the installation folders and cache files, use :

  sudo apt-get purge application_name


Possibly, or at least it's worked for me...

My [home] ISP allows me to send mail with the only validation being my sending IP address (that I send the email from my home & not elsewhere).

I can

telnet smtp.myisp.net 25

into their mail server & enter commands needed to send email (as if I was a MUA) then exit, which of course allowed me to script it & use it for myself (alert me to jobs, events etc).

I've even had scripts send externally (not to my isp's email address), but I've also had these rejected (I didn't explore; it was sent externally because of a typo, not intentionally).

--
My use of telnet was NOT intended to be the end result; it was only to prove that it's possible. My script calls functions & does not shell out to telnet. Telnet was just to prove the idea worked before I wasted time scripting it, but YES this is a dirty hack.


Why does Gnome System Monitor Network Graph always show '0 bits/s' as a regular user?


ext4 jbd2 journaling active even on empty filesystem

It seems that ext4 does its 'quick format' by postposting a lot of its initialisation until it is mounted (the uninit_bg option, perhaps?) and I suspect that jbd2 is doing this after you first format the drive. One of the comments here suggested that jbd2 writes to the partition after creation for a time proportional to its size, and suggested 10 minutes per 200 GB, which would indicate 50 minutes per TB. I formatted a 3TB ext4 drive yesterday and jbd2 was writing away for ages, but it has now stopped.

btrfs doesn't do this, btw, but I don't trust it yet for external drives - eg you need a recent kernel (3.4+, I think) or the kernel will oops (and possibly lose data) if you remove the drive without unmounting it first (which of course happens if it loses power).


You can start monitoring DBus for Notify calls, you may use this that will show you a clean output:

dbus-monitor "type=method_call","path=/org/freedesktop/Notifications","interface=org.freedesktop.Notifications","member=Notify"

Here an example of the output:

method call time=1466117414.215345 sender=:1.45 -> destination=:1.34 serial=51 path=/org/freedesktop/Notifications; interface=org.freedesktop.Notifications; member=Notify
   string "Xfce volume daemon"
   uint32 0
   string "audio-volume-low"
   string "Volume is at 25%"
   string ""
   array [
   ]
   array [
      dict entry(
         string "value"
         variant             int32 25
      )
   ]
   int32 -1
method call time=1466117414.215449 sender=:1.49 -> destination=:1.34 serial=2065 path=/org/freedesktop/Notifications; interface=org.freedesktop.Notifications; member=Notify
   string "indicator-sound"
   uint32 0
   string "audio-volume-low"
   string "Volume"
   string "Headphones"
   array [
   ]
   array [
      dict entry(
         string "x-canonical-non-shaped-icon"
         variant             string "true"
      )
      dict entry(
         string "x-canonical-value-bar-tint"
         variant             string "false"
      )
      dict entry(
         string "x-canonical-private-synchronous"
         variant             string "true"
      )
      dict entry(
         string "value"
         variant             int32 26
      )
   ]
   int32 -1

Check the source and destination

Most important part is:

method call time=1466117414.215345 sender=:1.45 -> destination=:1.34 ...
   string "Xfce volume daemon"
...
method call time=1466117414.215449 sender=:1.49 -> destination=:1.34 ...
   string "indicator-sound"
...

Open D-Feet → Session Bus: check PID & CMD for each bus address. In my example I found:

:1.34  2891  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/notify-osd
:1.45  2933  xfce4-volumed
:1.49  2963  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-sound/indicator-sound-service

Yep I got bobbles on each volume change one from indicator-sound-service  and another from xfce4-volumed (I've Xubuntu 16.04 with Unity indicators enabled)
If you think that cause could be the keyboard then use: xev or better sudo evtest to monitor the X keyboard events.

Reference: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingDBus


Is Ubuntu's handling of other internal drives safe?

Yes, it is safe.  The way Ubuntu is designed, the default is to only automatically mount the Ubuntu partition.  Whether you are trying to access other partitions on the same drive, or another drive, they are not set to mount on startup.  This is normal, and mounting them manually does not pose any risk to the data, nor does shutting down your system unmount them in an unsafe manner.

That said, there are ways to make it automatically mount other drives on startup, so that you will see them from the moment you log on.  Several of these ways are examined at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticallyMountPartitions That said, unless it is a major inconvenience to you, there is no reason to set them up to automatically mount and if you are unsure of yourself (like if you are new to Ubtuntu) you may not want to risk making mistakes that could be irreversible.


Adding config file entries to specific sections

It turned out that I have version 0.7-1 of crudini installed from the official packages. There's a newer version available on Github, 0.9 at the time of writing.

I replaced the old version by the new version using wget:

wget -q https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pixelb/crudini/master/crudini -O /usr/bin/crudini

That way, the error message about parsing error disappeared:

crudini --get /etc/mysql/my.cnf mysqld port
Parameter not found: port

And I was able to set the parameters I wanted:

crudini --set /etc/mysql/my.cnf mysqld port 3333
crudini --get /etc/mysql/my.cnf mysqld port
3333


WM Tweaks > Compositor is indeed the correct place for disabling such effects. Try disabling compositing altogether in that window, to see if the undesired effects stop. And if they do, then reenable compositing and try to disable sequentially each of the options in that dialogue until you find the one that is offending. The disable that.
If nothing works, please provide a screenshot of the WM Tweaks > Compositor and of the issue that you're seeing.
Alternatively you can use xfwm4-composite-editor that you can install from ppa:rebuntu16/other-stuff. It allows you to tweak more finely the compositor settings, as described here. Once installed, access it from Settings > Other.


Error while compiling c program using gcc  thru the CLI

Just installing the gcc package is not enough; the package build-essential will give you everything you need to compile C.


How To View Process Instead Of Splash Screen During Boot By Pressing A Key?

To disable the splash screen and display the boot messages in Ubuntu press the Esc key.

The animated splash screen is controlled by a package called Plymouth which you can google to find more options.


Is there a way to switch between Intel/Radeon graphic driver on Ubuntu 18.04?

Your graphics card is GCN 1st generation (see this overview), for which amdgpu support is experimental and radeon is the recommended driver.

If you do want to use the amdgpu driver for your card, you need to explicitly enable it. To do so, edit /etc/default/grub and add amdgpu.si_support=1 radeon.si_support=0 or amdgpu.si_support=1 modprobe.blacklist=radeon to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX.

However, you are probably better off using the radeon driver. For instance, you'll see your laptop battery drain much quicker as the amdgpu will currently not power off the card when the Intel is in use.

To use the radeon, either set radeon.si_support=1 amdgpu.si_support=0, or blacklist the amdgpu, or do nothing, as the radeon driver is the default for your card.

After editing /etc/default/grub remember to sudo update-grub.


Is it possible to configure Apple's Magic Mouse to be recognised on start up?

For me this setup works quite well.

Some things you might want to check:

Do you use the gnome display manager?
Have you deconnected the mouse from all other computers it's has ever been paired with? My mouse connected automatically to my friends MacBook until I discovered that it was still paired to it.


Supposed you're using the Ubuntu UI Toolkit (in your example you've declared an UbuntuListView), you can use a SortFilterModel.

SortFilterModel {
    id: sortedFruitModel
    model: fruitModel

    filter.property: "cost"
    filter.pattern: /2.45/
}

Then, in your ListView set "sortedFruitModel" as model.


gcc will not search your computer for the file named test.c; it must be present in your working directory in your shell session.

$ pwd to see what your current working directory is.

$ ls to list the files in your working directory.


How can I run (execute) many files with the same filename wild card using one command?

You can use the xargs command like this:

echo ./myjob* | xargs -n 1 sh

Here, echo will list all the filenames matching the wildcard myjob* to standard output. The command xargs will get each word from standard input and run for each one (the parameter -n 1 means "Use at most 1 argument per command line") the command sh like this:

sh ./myjob1
sh ./myjob2
sh ./myjob3

--

An alternative, but essentially similar command would be:

xargs -n 1 sh <<<$(echo ./myjob*)


Wine Metatrader Installation / Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS / Proxy Server Request

MT4/ Ubuntu 18.04 LTS/ Wine latest

I've tried with wine-stable and following the video guides on youtube using playonlinux and nothing resolved the proxy error.

Finally what worked for me is below:

Go to official wine page and install latest version for ubuntu.
Click on the exe installer and just install it.

*PlayOnLinux and wine-stable did not worked for me, the proxy error was always there.


Ubuntu 12.04 displays a blank screen with no wallpaper and no refresh

The same happened here under Ubuntu 13.04 after a recent update. Draglines appear on the desktop as if the process that draws the desktop background is broken. Desktop icons appear, the Unity menu appears, all else works.

Workaround: Enable the compiz-fusion wallpaper feature.


Install the soundcard driver packages:

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r`


How to enable Relteak wireless for a lenovo g40 -30?

This one worked for me, i didn't looked as deep as needed. Thank you!
Answer posted by @Pilot6

If you have no other connection to internet, you can temporarily enable wifi by

  sudo modprobe -r ideapad_laptop
  sudo rfkill unblock all

ciao!


unable to connect to broadband connection with two LAN card

From your comment, I assume, you want to setup a PPPoE connection. This is a method used by some broadband modems to connect a single computer to the internet. You have already connected modem and computer via ethernet and the method works on Windows. You want to know how to do the same with Ubuntu. The fact the you have two network cards could make it harder to get the configuration right? Did I get this?

On modern versions of Ubuntu all network connections are handles by the network-manager. You can access the network manager via its icon (two computers) in the status bar. You can right-click the icon and select "edit connections ..." or similar. This opens a dialog box. The last tab in this dialog reads "DSL" or "Broadband" or similar. Here, click the  "Add + " button and enter username + password for your broadband connection.

This is the standard method that you should try first. At the moment, I do not know, how Ubuntu decides which network interface to use. Possible, it will scan all of them for a PPPoE modem.


The default display driver (possibly X.Org X Server driver) you perhaps installed might be giving you problems and changing to a proprietary one might help you. In [Software & Updates] go to the [Additional Drivers] tab and look to use an 'alternative' or lower versioned and stable but proprietary driver like the Nvidia ones if suggested. After the change is applied, remember to restart the system and you might be able to see the 'Settings' aka Gnome Control Center appearing in your desktop area when it is launched.

If the above action still does not work for you, the 'Settings' window actually can be dragged onto the main desktop screen area. You just need to move the cursor to the top right corner past the right edge of the visible screen to pull it over. It is hiding there for some reason perhaps due to settings in the installed display driver.


After doing a sudo apt-get install , where does the application get stored to?

Ask the package management what files the package contains:

dpkg -L <packagename>

This shows the files simply copied to those locations. These files are marked as managed by the package management, so don't touch them.

Additionally, sometimes some files are created/modified by pre-/postinstall and pre-/postrm scripts included in the package. You can find the scripts in /var/lib/dpkg/info/ once the package is installed.


It seems your update included a new kernel with it. Your old NVIDIA driver, as it seems, is not compatible with the new kernel and you need to remove the driver for now.
Since you can not access the terminal right now. You need to boot into recovery mode and drop to a root shell to do that.
Please follow the steps below:

Reboot your machine and hold the Shift key as soon as you pass the BIOS logo to access the GRUB boot menu. You might need to repeat this a few times until you succeed and see the boot menu.

Select advanced options and hit Enter.

Select the second option with (recovery mode) in front of it and hit Enter.

Wait until the machine boots and another menu appears. Choose the option with drop to root shell prompt in it and hit Enter.

Press Enter when it says press Enter for maintenance.

Once you are presented with a command prompt, write the following command and hit Enter (this will give you read and write access to your system):

mount -o rw,remount /

You will need now to purge the NVIDIA drivers from your system. To do this please write the following command and hit Enter:

apt purge nvidia-*

Now you need to let ubuntu-drivers tool install the suitable driver for your card, to do so pleas write the following command and hit Enter:

ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Reboot your system.

If all goes well and your system boots normally again, you can later search for a specific compatible NVIDIA proprietary driver and install it if you wish.


The package source for Ubuntu Touch's system apps can be found here:

Touch/CoreApps - Ubuntu

This includes the default app, Dialer. As it stands, however, VoIP and SIP don't appear to be integrated with the Ubuntu Touch OS. As such, you would need external APIs to do the Dialer integration you mentioned.

There are two other pages that support this assertion:

Google Drive - Sources

It's really quite unfortunate, seeing that this would have given Ubuntu Touch a more competitive edge in the mobile market :(


What do I need to set up a remote terminal

On my Raspberry Pi I use xrdp sometimes. Quick search shows works with Ubuntu.


How to mount image.iso and create an option in Grub to install?

im going to guess you are trying to install without a disc, im my experience the iso mounting occurs when the system loads and its after grub, may i suggest opening or mounting the iso and copying the files onto a USB, that should work, oh and make sure the partition settings of the usb are the same, eg the partition can be booted.

If yyou are trying to instyall ubuntu, may i suggest the [Startup Disk Creator] App, ive never tried it but ive heard of it and can see it


where is an xorg-edgers nvidia install log?

The Nvidia driver from the packages from X.org edgers is managed by DKMS. As such the build log is in /var/lib/dkms/${PACKAGE_NAME}/kernel-${KERNEL_VERSION}/log/make.log.


Lubuntu 13 is Unstable; Trouble DLing Alternate Version

It looks like the connections available to you are too slow and/or restricted to be able to download this. I can suggest trying a different mirror to see if it's faster for you: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+cdmirrors. Optionally, contact a local Ubuntu user group in your region and see if they could help download on your behalf and prepare installation media for you.


The prompt message is individually defined per package. You would be able to change the message if you would edit the source code (if available) of the package you want to change the prompt in, and recompile.


I'm Unable to create new folder and paste anything in my 2nd and 3rd partition

https://netgator.blogspot.com/2011/07/can-not-create-file-folder-on-newly.html
This worked out for me.
Use the cmd in terminal

sudo chmod -Rf 777 /media/name


What Version of Ubuntu 12.04 should i use?

Since your processor is a 32bit CPU you can only run a 32bit system. The fact that it says amd64 or it calls the 32bit version intel does not matter. Ubuntu can support both architectures(AMD and Intel). Use the 32bit version. :)

However I would recommend getting 13.04 if your using it as a desktop environment. Many speed improvements have been implemented in this version.

If you want to check if your CPU is infact a 64bit CPU this is how to do so:

Windows:

Open System by clicking the Start button, right-clicking Computer, and then clicking Properties.

Under System, you can view the system type.

If your computer is running Windows XP, do the following:

Click Start.

Right-click My Computer, and then click Properties.

If you don't see "x64 Edition" listed, then you're running the 32-bit version of Windows XP.

If "x64 Edition" is listed under System, you're running the 64-bit version of Windows XP.

Ubuntu/linux:

Type this in the terminal

lscpu

If the output contains this:

CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit

Rather than this:

CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit

You have a 64bit CPU


Ubuntu 16.04.1 screen not turning off, screensaver not activating

Maybe it deleted necessary package:

sudo apt-get install gnome-screensaver

Should enable the screensaver:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver idle-activation-enabled true

Time  in Second before the display darkens.

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session idle-delay "time/s"

Maybe the dim option is disbled:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim true

If you do not have display power management installed, then X-Server takes over this task.

xset +dpms && xset s on         -> Enabel DPMS and Screensaver
xset +dpms dpms 600 1200 1800   -> Standby, Suspend and Off set in seconds


External monitor disconnects after login

I had a similar issue which was solved by this. Apparently prime-select writes to a certain config file which can mess up external displays.

Open the file with any files editor:

sudo nano /lib/modprobe.d/nvidia-kms.conf

and comment out the nvidia-drm modeset option

# This file was generated by nvidia-prime
# Set value to 0 to disable modesetting
# options nvidia-drm modeset=1

You can find more information about it here. Essentially nvidia-drm provides anti-tearing solution, however it does this in a semi-convoluted way.


I've found a workaround using a reverse proxy.

Most probably it will be some configuration specific for this server that prevents me from using docker on 443 (on a test server it works flawlessly).


Added `startx` to autostart list, what to do now?

Switch to the virtual console with the shortcut Ctrl + Alt +  F1  and type this command and hit Enter after Login

rm ~/.config/autostart/startx.desktop

It should work.


Numpy error : Error while running numpy.mean(num)(where num is an array)

That's because num = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7} isn't an "array of numbers" - it's a set.

>>> num = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
>>> type(num)
<type 'set'>
>>> numpy.mean(num)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/fromnumeric.py", line 2885, in mean
    out=out, keepdims=keepdims)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/_methods.py", line 72, in _mean
    ret = ret / rcount
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for /: 'set' and 'int'

whereas

>>> num = (1,2,3,4,5,6,7)
>>> type(num)
<type 'tuple'>
>>> numpy.mean(num)
4.0


Nautilus the default file browser has the feature of mounting remote files.

Go to File Menu > Connect to Server..

Other than that filezilla and gftp support sftp.


Try this: Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop


Strange behaviour of the Ctrl keys under X on Ubuntu 18.04 Dell XPS 15 9560

Seems the issue ended up residing in the ~/.config/dconf folder, I discovered it after creating a new user for testing and checking that the keyboard worked flawlessly.
I installed dconf-editor with apt so I could edit the configuration but after a long while I decided to just rename de dconf and setting up again to my liking the "settings" app and the "gnome-tweak" app.

EDIT: Finally found the real issue. It was in the gnome-tweaks settings, on Wayland works properly but on X the Pointer Location under Keyboard & Mouse was the culprit, after turning it off the Ctrl keys work flawlessly again.


Same problem.

Disabling Noise Suppression on Discord's settings seems to unmute the microphone for some reason.


While I was looking for a solution to the same symptom, I found out there are a lot of things that can go wrong and prevent mysql(d) from starting. If you can manage to start it from the command line with the proper user:

sudo -u mysql mysqld

And that conversely it fails as a service:

root@my-linode:~# service mysql start
start: Job failed to start

Then check the upstart log in /var/log/upstart/mysql.log. If you find the following error message:

[ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

Then you've found the culprit. To fix it, specify the mysql user in /etc/mysql/my.cnf

user=mysql

Restart with start mysql and you should be good.

Again, there are many possible cause to this error (apparmor, incorrect privileges on the socket file, insufficient disk space, insufficient memory during the upgrade to mention a few I stumbled upon). This is only one of them. Thanks to this guy.


Add another static IP address that has ports 80 and 443 available linux nginx

After short overview, I assume that postal has own web server and phrase To avoid conflict with your management interface, you will need another static IP address that has ports 80 and 443 available means that your server should have another IP address configured (another ethernet interface or IP alias).

For solve your problem I propose to configure nginx as reverse proxy for postal.
In this case you need to set listen interface for fast_server in postal.yml

fast_server:
  enabled: true
  bind_address: 127.0.0.1
  port: 5000  # or any other you like

Then configure nginx to forward queries to postal. Use sample configuration file for nginx: https://github.com/atech/postal/blob/master/resource/nginx.cfg

NB! Do not forget to set:

Correct domain names for both virtual hosts in nginx
Correct paths to existing certificate and private key for HTTPS host

these are mandatory for correct work.


I am running a chroot on chrome os and my Ubuntu version is 16.04.6. Can I update to a newer version?

Is there a program called "Terminal"? Open that and type sudo apt. There will be shown a list of most used commands or at least a list of commands. You are looking for the dist-upgrade command or the "sudo do-release-upgrade" command.

Check if The standard Ubuntu Software application can be run and go to the updates section. You can select many software sources here. Select all sources and newer versions and apply. Then try updating again. If you cant even update an upgrade is unlikely too. Try this first.

This might be of help https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-upgrade-ubuntu-16-04-to-18-04-lts-using-terminal/


qemu-system-i386: -sdl: SDL support is disabled ( ubuntu 19.04 )

SDL was becoming more and more unsupportable. The old 1.2 got out of date and many projects had various bugs adopting the newer 2.0 (that happened to QEMU).

So after Ubuntu 18.04 Ubuntu (and Debian) we switched away from it. These days SDL isn't even in main anymore. The alternative graphical backend - that also mostly works much better and gets more usage/fixes is GTK.

Use:
qemu-... -display gtk


Why does tasksel not include an option for LAMP server?

I can only imagine that the available package list is either not there or has been corrupted somehow. sudo apt-get update might fix it.

You can actually install tasks through other package managers too. For example, you should be able to load up aptitude and browse and install the available tasks there.

Obviously if you can't see any packages at all (let alone tasks) there is a deeper issue.


Since the device is broken I think your OS mounted the partition read-only. Please check the output of mount in a terminal.

I strongly recommend to not delete/write anything on this disk. Instead think about creating a backup of the drive before the disk stops working at all.


Booting Ubuntu with "acpi=off" grub parameter

Using acpi = off disables your Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
 off temporarily while booting Ubuntu.  If you have to add the acpi = off to let ubuntu boot successfully, it means that the ACPI on your computer isn't compatible with this version of ubuntu.

I don't think using acpi = off repeatedly wrecks your computer, because it only disables ACPI temporarily.

However, if you don't want to add the acpi = off parameters every time you boot, you can disable the new card (BIOS) or disable ACPI (also from the BIOS).  Use the second option if you can't find the New Card Interface.

But, if you have Windows, disabling ACPI from the BIOS may wreck Windows and the computer will force you to reinstall it.  So do that if you have a hidden windows recovery partition in your computer.


How to force an application window to be automatically maximized after starting the application?

How to startup an application (any) maximized

Starting an application via the script below, you can force any application* to startup maximized. If you either replace the main command in (a copy of-) your .desktop file by the command to run the script (see further below how to do that) or add it as a quicklist shortcut, you can achieve exactly what you want.

(* Some applications have a fixed, unchangeable windowsize, some windows open a new tab in a possibly already opened window)

About the script

The script runs with the command:

python3 /path/to/script <application>

The script:

first runs the command to open the application
to prevent timing issues, it then waits for the application's (new) window to appear (by finding a match between its pid and the id of the corresponding window) in the output of the wmctrl -lp -command (for only 15 seconds, to prevent an infinite loop)
Once the window appears, it maximizes the window with the command:

xdotool windowsize <window_id> 100% 100%

The code

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import getpass
import time
import sys

app = sys.argv[1]

user = getpass.getuser()
get = lambda x: subprocess.check_output(x).decode("utf-8")
ws1 = get(["wmctrl", "-lp"]); t = 0
subprocess.Popen(app)
while t < 30:
    ws2 = [(w.split()[2], w.split()[0]) for w in get(["wmctrl", "-lp"]).splitlines() if not w in ws1]
    procs = sum([[(w[1], p) for p in get(["ps", "-u", user]).splitlines() \
              if app[:15].lower() in p.lower() and w[0] in p] for w in ws2], [])
    if len(procs) > 0:
        subprocess.call(["xdotool", "windowsize", "-sync", procs[0][0] , "100%", "100%"])
        break
    time.sleep(0.5)
    t = t+1

How to use

The script needs both wmctrl and xdotool

sudo apt-get install wmctrl xdotool

Copy the script above into an empty file, save it as run_maximized.py
Now edit your .desktop file:

Copy the global .desktop file locally:

cp /usr/share/applications/chromium-browser.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

XFCE version:

open the file with gedit:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/chromium-browser.desktop

Browse to the line:

Exec=chromium-browser %U

(which is the first line, starting with Exec=

Change it into:

Exec=python3 /path/to/script.py chromium-browser

where you need to replace /path/to/script.py by the actual path.
Log out and back in. From now on, your Chromium launcher will open Chromium maximized.

Unity version:

open the file with gedit:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/chromium-browser.desktop

Browse to the line:

Actions=NewWindow;Incognito;TempProfile;

Change it into:

Actions=NewWindow;Incognito;TempProfile;divider1;Open maximized;

The add to the very bottom of the file the section below:

[Desktop Action Open maximized]
Name=Open maximized
Exec=python3 /path/to/script.py chromium-browser
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action divider1]
Name=.....................................
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

where you need to replace /path/to/script.py by the actual path.
Log out and back in. From now on, your Chromium launcher looks like:

Important note

In a .desktop file, you must use absolute paths; ~ won't work for example. This counts for .desktop files in /usr/share/applications, ~/.local/share/applications as well as commands in Startup Applications (which are actually called by .desktop files in ~/.config/autostart).


The packages that could not be installed are of the ARM architecture.
Your CPU is an Intel one, so such packages cannot be installed on it.

EDIT Jetpack is only available with NVIDIA Nsight Eclipse Edition when using the AMD architecture. The explanation is simple when looking at the required .deb package: cuda-repo-ubuntu1204_6.0-37_amd64.deb
 - it's an AMD 64 bit debian package.


Volume widget issue with sound card hotplugging

You can achive what you want by using an udev rule that is written to act upon certain events. In this case these events are to plug usb sound card and to unplug it. According
to this forum answer, possible solution is like following:

Open the file that has usb sound card udev rules:

sudo -H nautilus /etc/udev/rules.d/10-usb-sound-card.rules

Paste and copy

KERNEL=="pcmC[D0-9cp]*", ACTION=="add", PROGRAM="/bin/sh -c 'K=%k; K=$${K#pcmC}; K=$${K%%D*}; echo defaults.ctl.card $$K > /etc/asound.conf; echo defaults.pcm.card $$K >>/etc/asound.conf"

KERNEL=="pcmC[D0-9cp]*", ACTION=="remove", PROGRAM="/bin/sh -c 'echo defaults.ctl.card 0 > /etc/asound.conf; echo defaults.pcm.card 0 >>/etc/asound.conf'"

Save the file and give

sudo udevadm trigger --action=add /etc/udev/rules.d/10-usb-sound-card.rules

command. Then test this rule by pluging and unpluging your usb sound card.

I hope this will help you.


OPENBOARD podcast: failed to start encoding


Installing Ubuntu before or after upgrading from Vista to Win 7?

It's generally a good idea to do complete your Windows installation before installing Ubuntu. from my experience, Windows does not play nicely with other OSes and you would need to recover your Ubuntu installation via a "Live disk" boot.

This may not be the case with an upgrade however.