How to install Windows 8 Pro after installing ubuntu 14.04

As far I can remember, is better use Linux boot loader. so first install windows 8, then  linux, or install windows 8 now and do a grub2 tricky

I can't remember where, and the name of it option , but there is a legacy feature (at the bios) it comes to light curiously with windows 8 go into market
which prevent dual bot or install linux when windows 8 are hd master.

(Sorry i can't comment. so I post it)


Cannot connect to Internet on 11.04 using BSNL EVDO Prithvi Card

Joy,
I could make it work with wvdial just now! Even I have the same BSNL EVDO with the Prithvi dongle, and it does not connect using the Network Manager (but others like docomo do). Try the following:

Configure wvdial with correct number (#777), your username, password and Stupid Mode = 1. This I presume you would have already tried. Now, if on running wvdial, you are able to see till secondary DNS getting allocayed, try this one last step. This is what saved me:

  You might have issues with resolvconf stomping on your DNS
  configuration in /etc/resolv.conf - but if you're getting an IP
  address from the remote peer then the modem is working, even if you
  can't access any websites etc. If you don't use resolvconf, consider
  just uninstalling it.

Source: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/NetworkManager/Hardware/3G/Probing


iPod nano 6th gen Syncing fails no matter which program I use

I know know that it is impossible to sync this gen iPod so therefore ignore my question (also I lost my iPod so it no longer matters).


You can adjust the individual colour gamma correction settings of your screen using the xgamma tool.  Running it with no arguments will print the current settings:

$ xgamma
-> Red  1.000, Green  1.000, Blue  1.000

You can adjust the green gamma value with a command like:

$ xgamma -ggamma 0.75

If you are using a multi-monitor set up and want to adjust the gamma of individual outputs, you can do so with the xrandr tool instead:

$ xrandr --output $OUTPUT --gamma $RED:$GREEN:$BLUE

In this command, $OUTPUT is one of the outputs listed when you run xrandr with no arguments.  Note also that xrandr treats the gamma mapping as going in the reverse direction, so you will need to provide the inverse of the values you'd provide to xgamma (e.g. passing 2.0 to xgamma is equivalent to passing 0.5 to xrandr).

Both of these options will not survive an X server restart, so once you've got some values you're happy with consider putting them in a shell script (perhaps in ~/bin), and then adding that script as a startup application.


How to definitively set the keyboard launguage?

Open System Settings -> Text Entry. The input source at the top of the list is default, and the one used at reboot or relogin. To change the default, move some other source to the top of the list.


Menu does not display in Firefox 13 on Xubuntu 12.04

By helps from pschrammel on support.mozilla.org, I removed the ~/.pulse-cookie directory then it solves the problem.
https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/932643


Only a typo in your command:

tar cvf - * | ( cd /home/dev/build/mysource; tar xfp -)

(use the piping symbol | instead of a colon :)


The following commands show information about a package (mpv in this case), including dependencies.

aptitude show mpv
apt show mpv

The following command shows dependencies recursively (the depends of depends of...):

apt-rdepends mpv

The following commands show reverse dependencies (packages for which this package is a dependency):

apt rdepends mpv
apt-rdepends -r mpv

The following command shows both dependencies and reverse dependencies:

apt-cache showpkg mpv

If you just want to install a package and have the package manager handle dependencies, use:

`aptitude install mpv`

aptitude automatically resolves conflicting dependencies during installation, whereas apt/apt-get do not.


14.04.3 xrdp "gnome-session --session=ubuntu-2d" not Work

unity-2d and gnome-session are not working anymore with xrdp since Ubuntu 12.10.  Unity-2d does not exists in Ubuntu 14.04. xrdp and gnome session are not working well together.

So to be able to use xrdp and Ubuntu 14.04 is to install an alternate desktop interface that will be used while connected through xrdp.

step 1 - install xrdp

sudo apt-get install xrdp

Step 2 - install alternate desktop (we will install mate-desktop because similar to gnome 2 desktop)

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mate-core mate-desktop-environment mate-notification-daemon

Step 3 - tell xrdp to use the mate-desktop when performing remote desktop session

echo mate-session >~/.xsession

Update info - Important:

witht the final release of ubuntu 16.04, Step 3 seems not to work anymore. To be able to connect via remote desktop and access the mate desktop, you will need to
modify the /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh.  add after the fi line the following command

mate-session

Save it and give it a try.  You should then be able to access your remote desktop

Reference links Install xrdp on Ubuntu 16.04


I successfully added space to my Ubuntu partition, but now that I want to add MORE space, I can't

There are two problems here.

First, you can't resize partitions while they're mounted, and since the partition you're trying to resize is your root partition, you can't unmount it while your Ubuntu installation is running. You'll have to boot from a live CD/USB and resize it from there.

The other problem is that the partition you're trying to resize is inside an extended partition which has no free space. You'll have to extend the extended partition first, then extend sda5.


Opening Syslinux to make a USB bootable?

Do you specifically need to make a USB stick bootable, or are you trying to create a bootable Ubuntu Live USB?

If all you want is a bootable Ubuntu USB, you may find unetbootin friendlier, and it takes care of making the stick bootable for you:

http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/

If you need to make the USB stick bootable for another purpose and really need syslinux, it looks like the instructions you followed are for newer versions, since 3.11 looks to be quite a bit outdated. You may want to download Syslinux 4.04 from here:

http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/boot/syslinux/

when you unzip it you'll indeed see the win32 directory your instructions point to, with a syslinux.exe binary.

Give it a try and let me know if either of these solutions work for you.


Maybe a graphics card issue or display manager issue. Try sudo dpkg-reconfigure <display manager> (change with kdm/lightdm, whichever you have), will help to solve if problem is with the display manager.

Hope it will help, thanks


This has to do with the way CPU's are build today.

You have 1 hardware CPU which contains 2 cores which transmit their data on their own bus. Each core has 2 so called threads which can compute on their own, but share a bus to transmit their data. This is calle multithreading and is fairly common nowadays.

But Linux doesn't show this. Instead each thread is seen as a cpu core. So if you have a six or eight core server e.g. htop would show 12 or 16 single cores.

In your case you have a CPU with 2 cores and 4 threads in total.

Take a look again at your command (without uniq), it should show this information 4 times right?

cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores"


The Ubuntu One cloud services have been discontinued.  Here's the announcement from Canonical just about one year ago.

  Today we are announcing plans to shut down the Ubuntu One file
  services.  This is a tough decision, particularly when our users rely
  so heavily on the functionality that Ubuntu One provides.  However,
  like any company, we want to focus our efforts on our most important
  strategic initiatives and ensure we are not spread too thin.


Asrock Firmware Update slowed down Ubuntu boot

After an apt upgrade the time is gone down to a normal level:
Startup finished in 19.737s (firmware) + 3.185s (loader) + 1.603s (kernel) + 18.304s (userspace) = 42.830s
graphical.target reached after 18.288s in userspace


I have tried grub booting to reset my password but it won't work, did I do something wrong?

The official wiki:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RecoveryMode

I tried this with a wireless keyboard and it did not work. My guess is that I would have to connect a non-wireless one so you might have that issue. As an alternative, the Wiki has a link to the LiveCD Recovery here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCdRecovery

The true administrator (superuser) of any unix system is called "root". On most Linux systems these days, the root user is locked out preventing someone running as root from destroying the system inadvertently or by default allowing some malware or evil user access to the system. Instead, a user is given the right to become the administrator when running programs if and when that user supplies a password to execute a command that only root can. If you "lose" that password, that is the password you need to reset to something else, not root's password. Root can set any user's password so you need to boot to the point that a root shell can be started (without entering a password) then set the password of your user login name to whatever you want. The error message occurs here:

  There is a "Authentication Token Manipulation Error" when trying to
  update user's password in Ubuntu. The reason why passwd failed is that
  filesystem was mounted as read only, which prevents changing the
  password. A way to fix this issue is to remount filesystem and then to
  check permissions of /etc/shadow file.

If you read those instructions I gave you, it tells you how to remount the file system so you can write to it. If you have booted your system to the point where you have a root shell, see instruction 8:

  The root partition is mounted read-only. To mount it read/write, enter
  the command

mount -o remount,rw /

With the system mounted rw, you should not get that error.


Ubuntu Lenove OCZ Agility3 - No Grub after install

I resolved the issue by running a live USB and fixed Grub with boot-repair:

Boot any Ubuntu live USB
Connect to internet
Open terminal by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T and run following commads:

sudo su

You are root now...

add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
apt-get update && apt-get install boot-repair -y

Keep terminal open (you will need it in root mode)
Start boot-repair by typing boot-repair
Follow boot repair advises, make sure to enter the commands WITHOUT sudo (cause you are already root


Output only the column under COMMAND of `ps` command in terminal

Use -o flag.

To list only your own processes

 ps -o command

To list all system processes

 ps -e -o command

This is not the only way to list commands, they can either be printed with command line flags, or as executable only (which is what command option does).

From my comment bellow the answer:

  command, args, and cmd all give full command. In fact man page states
  command and cmd are aliases for args , with the - flags included. The
  comm gives the name of the exacutable only. Aliases to that are ucmd
  and ucomm. I misread about AIX options, those can be actually
  specified with printf-like format, %a for args, %c for comm

Refer to man ps for more info on usage and available format options

Programmatic approach would be a bit redundant , since ps already provides us with the formatting options, but it can be done with awk, which is much useful when dealing with columnized output.

ps aux | awk '{ for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) {if ( i >= 11 ) printf $i" "}; printf "\n" }'

Note however, that this code breaks if username contains whitespace, e.g. john doe. This can be amended with adding gsub function that will elimiate your username from the ps list. However, if there is multiple users logged into system, that may be difficult to errase all of the usernames from the output. Thus, you can see that -o flag is much more preferred.

Side note, sudo is not necessary to for listing all processes with ps


How can I revert libavcodec-extra-54 to libavcodec54?

Remove the package libavcodec-extra-54

sudo dpkg -r --force-all libavcodec-extra-54

Download and install libavcodec54

apt-get download libavcodec54
sudo dpkg -i libavcodec54_*.deb

To be sure, run

apt-cache policy libavcodec54 libavcodec-extra-54

you should now see something like this

libavcodec54:
  Installed: 6:9.18-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
  Candidate: 6:9.18-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
  Version table:
 *** 6:9.18-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/universe i386 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     6:9.11-2ubuntu2 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe i386 Packages
libavcodec-extra-54:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 6:9.18-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
  Version table:
     7:1.2.6-1~trusty1 0
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     6:9.18-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/universe i386 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe i386 Packages
     6:9.11-2ubuntu2 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe i386 Packages


I want to upgrade from 12.10 to 16.0.4 LTS

I agree with @karel and strongly recommend making a backup of /home and doing a fresh install.  It may be possible to use the 16.04 Live iso to mount your existing hard drive and delete everything but /home on the drive, follwed by a reinstall from using the Ubuntu installer on the iso (could be a usb stick of course).  But this is more error prone.  If you have an easy way of copying the user data to an external disk, do that.

Also, I would also copy the details of the user accounts that you wish to preserve, perhaps by copying the /etc/passwd itself and taking special note of the uid and gid values.  Then, to restore your files, make new accounts using adduser using the previous uid and gid values.  Then you can copy back the user data to the new user directories.  Even if you don't copy the /etc/passwd data, you can always get the uid and gid values from the copied /home file system itself using ls -na; uid and gid will be the 3rd and 4th column.  You can find the current values in /etc/groups.

Alternatively, you can simply make new accounts for your users, copy the old user data from your backup for each user to /home/user, and do a chown -R user:group /home/user.


ubuntu-12.04.1-desktop-i386, boot error, wrong kernel

You can download the lubuntu LiveCD and install that since it has a non-PAE kernel. You can then open the Terminal and run :

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

to install the Ubuntu UI and window manager. It may take a while since Ubuntu-desktop actually needs a lot of packages.


How to set a hdd partition for storage in windows/ubuntu dual boot?

If both Windows and Ubuntu are working ok you need to do the following;

Backup your data
Shrink your Windows partition from Windows using the Windows disk management
Expand your Ubuntu partition using the Gparted application in Ubuntu

Ask if you need more details but there are plenty of answered questions on here and videos on YouTube that will help


Graphical Traceroute with Map from Repository

Package/binary mtr does what you need. By default (I think), Ubuntu has mtr-tiny installed.

It should start with a GTK window, but you can always invoke it with mtr --gtk or mtr -- curses to specify what you want.


Can not locate a downloaded file with empty name

Any file/folder with name starting with a '.' will be considered  as a hidden file/folder.
You can rename it to something else to view it.

Example: a.mp4

Use terminal to navigate to that folder and rename it.

$ cd <download_folder>
$ mv .mp4 a.mp4


How to lock screen or hibernate when lid closed

Just go in the system settings, in "Brightness & Lock"

Check "Require my password when waking from suspend".


Gnome Tweak Tool is no longer allowing to move the Gnome Application Menu out of the Top Bar on Ubuntu 20.04

You can remove the application menu using the Remove App Menu extension. You will not miss any Application Menu items (e.g. "Preferences, ...): since a few versions of Gnome Shell, these moved back to where they belong: the application window itself.

Next to removing the application menu, much more about the topbar can be configured with the Activities Configurator extension, which is around for a long time and very well maintained.


Where do the packages from software updates get saved?

You will find the individual updates in /var/cache/apt/archives/.

When new packages are published they are added to the pool, they don't replace the older updates, so over time you'll need to prune them, or use a dedicated tool like mentioned here:

How can I install software or packages without Internet (offline)?


Normally I'd put this in a comment, but it's slightly involved.

The sane project you referenced earlier indicates that the printer that you are trying to use is supported by the sane-pixma library - see the reference at http://www.sane-project.org/man/sane-pixma.5.html.  The section titled FILES has the relevant data.

A package search at packages.ubuntu.com shows that these files are located in the package libsane-dev (and nowhere else) so...

sudo apt install libsane-dev

should get you further along in your quest to have your scanner operate properly.


Graphics integration is still dodgy. If the GPU drivers are not working in Unity, they probably won't in GNOME either.

You can try the following if unity fails to load:

Ctrl+Alt+F1 to go to tty shell.
Login and execute (for Unity)

$ sudo service lightdm restart

If this works, then you might get away with your current graphics drivers.


Is the Wine PPA still needed for an up to date Wine version?

Yes, the Wine team will provide the latest Wine version at their PPA, whereas the Ubuntu repositories will not.

Will the Ubuntu version update soon to be in sync with the PPA or
latest wine version.

- No,unless some end-of the world security issue arises
Is the Ubuntu version of wine 1.3 a different version of Wine that
is maintained separate from the PPA one (Which is also a 1.3 version
and this is the confusion).

- No, is the same 1.3.xx
What happens if I add the PPA to the repositories. Will it create
some conflict between both 1.3 or will the latest be the one
selected.

- No, it wil just update the currently installed packages.


Why do both /var/log/Xorg.0.log and /var/log/Xorg.1.log exist on my system?

The xorg.conf man page is right, another X server was started.

In fact I changed the user by accident while unlocking the computer and opened a guest session. This session started a second X server, creating the /var/log/Xorg.1.log file.


I think this makes sense, but it's just unintuitive. Let's imagine you move the mouse 1 cm. During that time, the mouse takes a series of readings about it's location which then determine where the mouse should move on the screen.

If the mouse sensitivity is very high, it might take 1000 readings during that 1 cm. Each of those readings corresponds to a piece of data determining where the mouse moves.

Now suppose we set the sensitivity very low. Now it might only take 100 readings during the same 1 cm (because it's less sensitive to movement). But since these two actions correspond to the same movement of the mouse, the cursor will need to "jump" a little bit to fill in the "gaps" in data. That is, since your measurement is less fine, the movement on the screen is correspondingly jumpy, which might make it seem faster.

Personally, changing the setting between the maximum and minimum barely has any noticeable difference to me. But I imagine this has more to do with hardware (both the mouse and the display) than anything else.

I could be wrong, and maybe this is a hardware bug, but that's how I see it.


overlayfs mounted - but writing fails as "read-only file system"

You need to write to the overlay mount. The command you pasted is trying to write directly to the lower layer, which is indeed mounted read-only...

Use this instead, it should work:

$ echo "hello world" >> /tmp/overlay/lower-file.txt

Note that you'll see the contents of the lower layer in your /tmp/overlay mount, but any modifications you make will go to the upper layer (under the hood), while you'll get a merged view of the layers under your overlay mount point, which is the one you're supposed to access.


Looking at your rsync-call, a few things come to my mind immediately:

You most likely want to avoid splitting hard links on the originating file system into separate (duplicate) files on your copy. Add -H to your rsync options to avoid that.
Your command adresses each subdirectory of / separately, and syncs it to the target directory, effectively joining a system that may reside on separate partitions into one big partition. (if your /home is on a separate partitoin by design, on your backup it will be stuffed into the same partition as everything else. In any case, should you ever need to boot from that backup, you will need to adapt the fstab on the copy.
Possible recursion: If your exclude pattern fails, you will sync /media/mirror into itself, creating /media/mirror/media/mirror/..
You probably want to replicate the original filesysten 1:1 in the copy. Since according to your call it's also your currently active root file system, it will be very much alive and being written to. Preferably you would boot from another filesystem (be it from net, alternate root partition, live-CD, USB stick, whatever works for you) in order to replicate a quiescent file system.


How do I delete Windows after an Ubuntu install?

back up your data and use instructions here


A Problem Ocurred While Checking for Updates [Ubuntu 18.04]

This should help you fix your problem. Please check, if ls -la /usr/bin/python is pointing to python 2.x or 3.x first.


Why does my computer crash when I minimise the last window?

I would suspect there is something wrong with a combination of the minimize effect/desktop being redrawn that is causing the crash. If I recall correctly Ctrl+super+d doesn't redraw desktop; it just minimizes everything.

Also, you can try disabling window effects.  To do this, install compizconfig-settings-manager and find the option to do so there.

If that doesn't work, 12.04 should have a 2d unity mode that you should try.

Let us know what happens with each of these and we can go from there.


It's a hidden file, located in your home folder:

~/.bash_profile

(the ~ expands to your home directory. If your username is user, the result would be: /home/user/.bash_profile).

Since it's an hidden file, you have to make it visible.
To do it in Nautilus go to the "View" menu and check "Show hidden files" (or press the shortcut Ctrl + H).

If you are using Kubuntu with Dolphin, you have to press Ctrl + . to toggle the visibility of files.


Upgraded from 12.04 to 14.04 and screen brightness can not be decreased

Try this:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Find line that says:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor"

Replace acpi_backlight=vendor with video.use_native_backlight=1

If the former is not present, just add the latter.

Then:

sudo update-grub

and reboot. Let us know how it turns out.


Can I install the Krita Thumbnails for Nautilus by using apt-get command?

Install the package, then restart the system :

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS+ , Linux Mint 17.1/17.2/17.3+ , Elementary OS 0.3 Freya+:

gnome-kra-ora_1-1_amd64.deb

Originally from project gnome-kra-ora-thumbnailer

SRC: Krita thumbnails for Nautilus,Nemo file browser - David Revoy


How to change tooltip background color on Eclipse?

(Duplicate of https://stackoverflow.com/posts/40360725/)

I have verified that

export SWT_GTK3=0

is a viable, albeit suboptimal, workaround in Ubuntu 16.10 and Eclipse 4.6.1 when the desktop appearance uses the BlueMenta themes, with no additional tweaks required.

Tweaking the gtk-3.0 css files didn't work for me.

Other users have had better luck with the scripts in this project


I cannot install via netinstall without trusty-updates or trusty-security repositories disabled

That is it. My solution was the local repository without trusty-updates suite. Regards.


TP-Link AC1300 T6E PCI-E Wifi card not working

I had the same problem using the T9E. Fortunately, it is pretty simple if you have a smartphone that supports USB WiFi tethering. The reason for this is you must be able to establish some form of Internet connection to install the packages, and this was the easiest for me. Otherwise you will have to either get an Ethernet cable long enough to reach your router or move your PC close to it. You can find the full answer here.

It comes down to opening a terminal on your machine and running lspci -nn -d 14e4:, locating the package you need in the table shown in the answer I linked to, and doing sudo apt install <PACKAGE> where <PACKAGE> is your actual needed package.

For me this looked like sudo apt install bcmwl-kernel-source. There were instructions for an offline install, but this did not work for me even though I followed the instructions. You will need access to the internet on a device that you can move files from anyway.

Hope this helps!


x11 Forwarding: Google Chrome and Chromium browsers grey out, other apps show OK

Ran into the same issue - looks like there's a bug in the chrome version we're running. The solution below worked for me.

Set the following env variables before running google-chrome from an SSH session:

$ export QT_X11_NO_MITSHM=1
$ export _X11_NO_MITSHM=1
$ export _MITSHM=0
$ google-chrome

Found this solution in a bug filed with the chromium team: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1048186


How do I update to the latest MythTV release?

The Mythbuntu team provides updated MythTV versions though the MythTV-Updates repository for Ubuntu (and by extension all Ubuntu derivatives). This can be done by adding the Mythbuntu-repos package that is available here.


I got it. Had to remove legacy ROM since system was basically UEFI


HELP : Have a terminal screen after Grub and booting on Ubuntu 18.04

Try typing
sudo startx

As for the lsb_release: not found I can't be sure this is related to the missing desktop but try
sudo apt-get install lsb-release

So you seem to have everything now so type
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

And is you were previously running a different desktop let's see by typing
ls -l /usr/share/xsessions/


Google Chrome - FATAL:NSS_util.cc(632) Aborted (core dumped)

Try adding these to the top of your /etc/ld.so.conf:
(using e.g. nano)

/lib

/usr/lib

then

run ldconfig (or reboot) and try it again.

You should see /opt/google/chrome/chrome linked to the libraries in /usr/lib if you check it with ldd.

OR

1) build and install the mozilla-nss package. I used the one found in the Slackware 14.1 source, which is 3.15.2.

2) as above - add these lines to the top of /etc/ld.so.conf:
/lib
/usr/lib

3) Run ldconfig (or reboot)

source: https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/google-chrome-30-error-nss-4-13-5-upgrade-4175482053/


How can i setup a network Lexmark MS812dn?

Connectivity Guide (Lexmark MS810,MS811,MS812)

http://www.lexmark.com/publications/pdfs/2007/ms81x/hmp_2.4/en/connectivity-guide.pdf

Drivers (Lexmark MS812dn, MS812dtn)

Download here

Other Manuals you might find useful (Lexmark MS812dn)

Here

Obtain a copy of the software installer package.

You can obtain it from either the Software and Documentation CD that came with your printer or from www.lexmark.com. (navigate to Support > Drivers & Downloads > Select your printer > Select your Operating System > download your software installer package)

From the research I have gathered, the Lexmark MS812dn drivers are only supported on Ubuntu 12.04, 11.10, 11.04, 10.10 and 10.04.


Problem installing Ubuntu 18.04.5 on Threadripper 3970x machine

This could be an MCE issue as described in a post on Phoronix. Try setting the mce=off kernel parameter.
Hope this helps get your system running


How to unblock Hard Blocked wifi in ubuntu 18.04?

The issue of HP wireless being inoperable because of a hard block and therefore the usual wireless key not toggling wireless on and off is long-standing. There are only a few things you can try.

First, try removing the helper module hp_wmi and then try to switch the wireless on with the key combination.

You could also try:

sudo modprobe -r hp_wmi
sudo rfkill unblock all
rfkill list all

Second, check the user guide for your HP laptop and be certain that the wireless key combination you are using is correct. Be certain that you are not using Fn+F12, for example, if the user guide says it is simply F12. On the other hand, if you are certain you are using the correct sequence, try the wrong sequence as an experiment; i.e., use Fn+F12 (or whatever your sequence is) if the user guide says it’s F12 and vice versa.

Next, you can remove the card, tape off pin 20 and re-insert it: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2150597

You can, if all these steps fail, file a bug report against the module hp_wmi: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/

Finally, in many, but not every case, a USB wireless will also be hard blocked for the same reasons. If you want to try one, be certain to try it within a return period.

I regret that there isn’t a better answer for HP laptops.


what does this mean for a module to have a bad taint?

This warning appears if kernel function  trace_module_has_bad_taint() returns true; namely any of the following taint flags have been set:

TAINT_FORCED_MODULE (module loading has been forced)
TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC (CPU is behaving in a way that may cause tracing issues?)
TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD (module has been forced removed)
TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK (Machine Check exception, possibly making lock dep unreliable)
TAINT_BAD_PAGE (a bad page of memory has been detected)
TAINT_USER (userspace has been fiddling around with the system that may cause kernel issues)
TAINT_DIE (kernel is in a dying oops phase)
TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE (user has overridden the default ACPI tables)
TAINT_WARN (scheduler bug detected)
TAINT_FIRMWARE_WORKAROUND (BIOS firmware has had a workaround to make things work)
TAINT_SOFTLOCKUP (watchdog timer has detected a soft lockup)
TAINT_LIVEPATCH (kernel has been live patched)

The warning occurs when a kernel module is loaded and the kernel tracepoint driver is notified of this and detects one of the above tainting reasons and skips trace-pointing it to try to avoid crashing the kernel.

Modules that are just tainted as staging drivers, out-of-tree drivers and unsigned GPL modules are allowed, all other taints are not allowed.


How to get Ubuntu to use as much Resources as Lubuntu

If you disable the 3D effects and a bunch of other parameters you might get close. But that is the reason why Lubuntu exists, those optimizations have been done for you so you don't need to do it yourself. Lubuntu might not have all the bells and whistles but that's why its less resource hungry

Basically its all Ubuntu, they just use a different Desktop environment. The Desktop environment manages the windows, integration of applications, services, indicators, task-bars and all that. The bigger the code foot print the more resources, the more CPU, the more heat...memory and such.

I use the Gnome Classic interface personally as it is more "Windows XP" ish which is desktop focused. The new Unity interface is not usable in my opinion unless you have a tablet. Everyone likes a different way of operating and Ubuntu has all these desktop environments so you have the choice. Sometimes that decision is because of power restrictions, sometimes its a personal taste like in my case.

In the end its a compromise between features/taste and what your Computer can cope with.


How can I create a launcher item for jvisualvm?

This is a known issue with many JAVA applications, the BAMF framework (that is responsible for matching windows to their desktop files) fails in these cases. See this bug report: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bamf/+bug/757991


Can't switch to Nvidia GPU from Intel or how to make Nvidia driver work (black screen, freeze login in, errors etc)

Only after fresh installing Ubuntu 14.10 and choosing Nvidia binary driver - version 331.89 from nvidia-331 (System settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers) many of my problems have solved! Great!

Nvidia card works now! (after 1 year)
Correct brightness control
Laptop have become colder

If the list of additional drives is empty, put a tick on "Canonical Partners" at System settings -> Software & Updates -> Other Software, close, update cache and try again.


Kill all the other instances of a running process except the very first one

You can try:

pgrep mplayer | grep -vf player.pid | xargs kill -9

Notes:

pgrep is the tool for looking up process information. It even supports negating matches and using PID files, but unfortunately I couldn't figure out a way to selectively negate matches.
Since you have the file, just have grep read from the file with -f, and negate matches with -v
xargs converts input to arguments, so you don't need to use command subtitution


Probably your MKV file uses MVC encoding, which is a special mode of H264. As of 2016 there is no pure linux solution for amd64/x86 platform (the wikipedia article lists software for Windows/Wine).
If you own a RaspberryPi you can use omxplayer, which is capable of decoding MVC.


What files do I backup for frequent crashes?

Many XFCE config files are located in ~/.config/xfce4/

guiverc@d960-ubu2:~$   ls -ltrha ~/.config/xfce4/
total 48K
drwxr-xr-x  3 guiverc guiverc  118 Nov 16  2017 xfconf
drwx------  2 guiverc guiverc    6 Nov 16  2017 xfwm4
drwxrwxr-x  3 guiverc guiverc   98 May 14  2018 src
-rw-rw-r--  1 guiverc guiverc  462 May 16  2018 xfce4-taskmanager.rc
-rw-rw-r--  1 guiverc guiverc   74 May 22  2018 helpers.rc
drwx------  2 guiverc guiverc  190 Dec 13  2018 terminal
-rw-rw-r--  1 guiverc guiverc  108 Jan 18 20:11 xfce4-screenshooter
-rw-rw-r--  1 guiverc guiverc   19 Mar 28 20:02 help.rc
drwxr-xr-x  8 guiverc guiverc 4.0K Mar 28 20:02 .
drwx------  2 guiverc guiverc 4.0K May 26 14:28 desktop
drwx------ 27 guiverc guiverc 4.0K May 26 18:58 panel
drwxr-xr-x 86 guiverc guiverc  16K Jun 16 16:17 ..

originally just a comment, @Fabby suggested making it an answer


Ad Hoc: Sharing a wifi connection in use?

No  you can't do it in ubuntu.You can not connect to two different network using same interface. You will need a another wireless adapter or repeater.

This is currently only possible in windows 7 with windows 7 certified driver for the wireless.In windows 7 , there are technology to virtualize a physical adapter.

Intel My wi-fi, Connectify are  the softwares to do this in windows 7 .

If supported virtual adapters will be listed like below picture


Solved by doing the following:

I've rolled back the grub file as it was originally (only quiet splash option), then:

update-grub
sudo apt-get install fglrx-updates
sudo aticonfig --initial
update-grub

Looks like that installing ati driver from the ubuntu driver update GUI is not a smooth process.


why does ls -Z returns files names with question marks next to them?

The manpage for ls says:

-Z, --context
       print any SELinux security context of each file

since you are not running SELinux the ? appears in front of the file as it cannot read that part of it since it does not exist.

More information about SELinux can be found here.


Install ntp server

Type the following command:

apt-get install ntp


ubuntu-standard package gone - how do I reinstall it in a clean way

There is a ubuntu-standard pack for 14.04 LTS on ubuntu.com:

http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/ubuntu-standard


How to bypass proxy to ping google.com in terminal

Short answer: You can't if they did their job right.

Long answer:
You are on a network where everything has to go over a proxy (that's why you need to set those environment variables, which by the way, should be set in /etc/environment and don't forget the exclude list no_proxy).

ping uses, by default, ICMP packets.  The proxies will handle exclusively TCP packets and UDP packets if you have a socks proxy.

Proxies are a pain for the end user.  Historically, they were used for performance reasons, but today they are almost exclusively used to either police the connection (your employer, your university, etc...) or avoid geoblocking (avoid being blocked geographically by Hulu, Netflix and similar).

You can get around a proxy, but it requires significant work and a "free" external server.  Way are, using ssh-tunneling over https, or a VPN also simulating https connections.  However, this falls entirely beyond the scope of the question.


I had to create a test directory with 'your content'. That way I made a working one-liner,
for i in 20{18..23}; do for j in {01..12}; do mv "IMG$i$j"* "Pics$i/$j"; done; done

You had to replace J by j and add semicolons to separate statements. It was also important to get the file names and directory names to match (watch how to add '20')
It is also good practice to double-quote expressions with variables.


How can I customize my bootloader to make it prettier?

Yes... there's BURG.  With it you can easily give your bootloader a theme.  Beware though that if you do something stupid, you could break it and lock yourself out for a while.

Look at the following link for instructions (really pretty simple, mostly GUI)
http://www.webupd8.org/2010/11/burg-manager-10-released-with-option-to.html

You'll see an example image. Scroll down to where it says:
"For a complete how-to on using Burg Manager, see our Install And Configure Burg In Ubuntu With Burg Manager post."  Click on that link, then do what it says.

BURG might add 0.5s to your boot time, but looking at the result, who cares?
Hope this helps :)


Stop a shell script by pressing a button

I've just tried on my Ubuntu 16.04 system and it works correctly.

What I've found is, that if you use a generic sh instead of bash, it won't work
giving out the error

read: Illegal option -t

Make sure that your script begins with #!/usr/bin/env bash or #!/bin/bash
and not #!/bin/sh.


Here is a simpler and more up-to-date answer for Ubuntu Touch 14.09/14.10.

Even if it is easier that it used to be (no need to be root, no need to use the developer mode...) an app that automates this would be appreciated.

Import

Copy your contacts (as one or multiple .vcf, other formats might work too) to your device. Let's say that you put them in a "Documents/contacts" folder.
Via the terminal app or via adb/ssh, run the following command:

syncevolution --import /home/phablet/Documents/contacts/your.vcf backend=evolution-contacts

And that's it!

SyncEvolution does not seem to support globbing, so if you have a lot of vcf files you can use a command like this one to import all vcf from the folder at once:

find /home/phablet/Documents/contacts -name *.vcf -exec syncevolution --import {} backend=evolution-contacts \;

Export

To create a "allmycontacts.vcf" files into the "Documents" folder, just run the following command via the terminal app or via adb/ssh:

syncevolution --export /home/phablet/Documents/allmycontacts.vcf backend=evolution-contacts


There is no C:\Program Files\ in linux "per se". Therefore it doesn't exist one single (default) place where programs where to install. Actually many linux programs installs all over the place, parts of them installs in different folders. That's happening for performance optimization - one of many reasons why linux runs faster than Windows.

Best practice is to allow the program to install wherever it wants. Don't worry about volume fragmentation. That's virtually non-existent in linux.

The same thing happens in Windows too, when some big programs are installing files in ProgramData or CommonFiles folders. I've seen programs installing in Program Files (x64) and their respective Licence Key Server installing in Program Files (x86). Many specific user data may install in C:\Users\Documents\.

When a program uses many per-user options and files, it ussually installs to /usr/share. When it does not, it ussually installs to /opt. You could say that /usr is the equivalent of Users folder from Windows. /opt stands for optional software (that doesn't come bundled with the Ubuntu original disk).

For in-depth details of where and how linux programs are installed, please see this topic: Where are my installed applications

There is no single Program Files because of security reasons. Trusted applications (verified by the Software Center) may install in more sensitive places like /bin (=binaries) or even /sbin (=superbinaries), while untrusted (unverified) apps are installed in secure and secluded locations like /opt.


What is needed to use Raven Ridge Ryzen 5 2400G?

I just bought a Ryzen 5 2400G with a motherboard GA-A320-S2H and I decided to install KDE Neon based on ubuntu 16.04, it worked but it was noticeable that I was not taking advantage of the resources, I opted to try to install the proprietary drivers and I had no luck , then I put kernel 4.16, it did not work either, then install 4.17 (http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.17-rc4/) and it works in luxury. I had a small inconvenience with the network card r8168, so I installed the latest version of the driver: r8168-dkms_8.045.08-3_all.deb and everything works wonders. I can play 4k videos with CPU temperatures of 40ºC


tar inexplicably trying to open a non-existent directory

tar apparently uses the variable TAPE as a default file path, and I had it set to the offending ~/Projects/Tape-Worms/ in my .bashrc for a shortcut.  Naturally.

ENVIRONMENT
     The behavior of tar is controlled by the following environment variables, among
     others:

     TAPE    Device or file to use for the archive if --file is not specified.  If
             this environment variable is unset, use stdin or stdout instead.

So:

$ unset TAPE
$ tar x
^C
$


Sometimes Firefox's configuration files located under .mozilla/firefox/ in the user's home directory get corrupted due to force kill Firefox (eg. system crash, system reboot or shutdown while browser tabs are open). This can sometimes happen during Firefox or system upgrades.

Fix Firefox:

You can make Firefox build new fresh configuration if you rename/delete the current configuration directory. Be warned you will loose all your plugins, bookmarks, saved site logins ...etc. and you will end up with a new default fresh copy of Firefox. To try this:

Close Firefox browser.
Back up your current Firefox configuration directory. Run the following in the terminal:

cp -r ~/.mozilla/firefox/ ~/.mozilla/firefox_old/
Delete your current Firefox configuration directory. Run the following in the terminal:

rm -r ~/.mozilla/firefox/
Start Firefox browser. A new .mozilla/firefox/ directory will be automatically created with fresh configuration files in it.
Try Firefox now and see if it works again.

Rescue data:

If all goes well and Firefox is working again and you wish to restore your important data to the new configuration directory, please follow the steps below:

Close Firefox browser.
Run the following command in the terminal:

cp ~/.mozilla/firefox_old/*default/{logins.json,key3.db,key4.db,places.sqlite,cookies.sqlite,formhistory.sqlite,permissions.sqlite,content-prefs.sqlite} ~/.mozilla/firefox/*default/

Start Firefox browser. This should restore your site logins, passwords, bookmarks, form data and cookies. Please read here

Plan B:

If you decide to go back to your old Firefox configuration, Please follow the instructions below:

Close Firefox browser.
Delete your new Firefox configuration directory. Run the following in the terminal:

rm -r ~/.mozilla/firefox/
Restore your old Firefox configuration directory. Run the following in the terminal:

cp -r ~/.mozilla/firefox_old/ ~/.mozilla/firefox/
Start Firefox browser. You are now back to your old Firefox configuration. Exactly as it was before you attempt to fix it using this answer.
If all goes well, clean up and remove the back up created during this process. Run the following in the terminal:

rm -r ~/.mozilla/firefox_old/


Getting notifications from closed website (Chromium)

Try what KGIII said. If you don't want this to happen again, then just disable browser notifications and never allow a website to get notification permissions again.


How to prevent Gnome desktop from crashing?

I'm having the same problem but not very frequently at all, try opening another window(CTRL+ALT+F6) and startx from there, if the process is already active and you can't have it running twice try to kill it, looking for the process number with ps aux, then kill proc_number.
I'm not sure if ps aux gives the processes started in another session.


This can be done via the Applications tab in "Settings" for applications that have specifically requested permission to access the camera. Chromium is a good example of this:

However, a lot of applications that can use the camera, such as OBS Studio, do not provide an option that is available through Settings. Instead, you need to disable the camera globally via dconf Editor:

If you do not already have dconf Editor on your system, you can install it via Terminal like this:
sudo apt install dconf-editor

Hope this gives you what you need.


Can the home folder in ubuntu be located as a subfolder of a data partition?

I think you can put your home folder wherever you want, it's just an entry in /etc/passwd (and maybe /etc/passwd- too).

Editing the file(s) directly & moving your home folder yourself might work, or you can use usermod and it should do it for you, see man usermod:

   -d, --home HOME_DIR
       The user's new login directory.

       If the -m option is given, the contents of the current home
       directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created
       if it does not already exist.

You even tried it and it seems to work, if some mate menu's are still using old folders you can change them to the new folders... something like "find all instances of /home/oldhome and change to /some/newhome" might work, find / grep / sed could do that, maybe even this "quick hack":

find /some/newhome -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i -e 's/\/home\/oldhome/\/some\/newhome/g'

but that's a separate question...

FYI, if you want to change the default home "base dir" (the /home part) and you'll be using the adduser program, you can edit the /etc/adduser.conf and change the DHOME=/home line to whatever you prefer.

If you're using useradd (not recommended) it's supposed to change the default "base dir" by using useradd -D -b/newhome but it's been temperamental in my tests.


You don't need to set boot from USB permanently for OS installation (I would say its better NOT to do it by security  means).

Instead find a "Boot Menu" keyboard shortcut while your BIOS loads, it might be F8 thru F12 or other - it should be written on the screen somewhere. If it doesn't show - maybe you need to disable option for hiding POST messages, displaying vendor logo, "quiet boot" or some similar.


bash: /home/.../program: cannot execute binary file

You can further debug by comparing the output of the following commands

$ uname -a
$ lsb_release -a
$ file /home/barosz/Downloads/networktablet-x86_64

quite possibly you are trying to execute a file meant for 64-bit systems on a 32-bit system.

In any case, I wouldn't bother about it when you can just create an executable that is meant for your system

sudo apt-get install git build-environment linux-headers
git clone git://github.com/rfc2822/GfxTablet.git gfxtablet && cd gfxtablet
cd driver-uinput; make

The resulting file is networktablet. You'll still have to deal with access to uinput, you can either run it as root (putting sudo in front) or refer to these options https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11939255/writing-to-dev-uinput-on-ubuntu-12-04


Octave - Invalid ELF header - Ubuntu 18.04

I think the problem here is just the file extension .oct that you have used. The .oct extension has a special meaning for octave and it is not supposed to be used for octave script files. Just rename the file from testing.oct to testing.m and try again, then it should work:

$ octave testing.oct
error: /home/elias/slask/testing.oct: failed to load: /home/elias/slask/testing.oct: file too short
$ mv testing.oct testing.m
$ octave testing.m
x =  5


Nautilus unable to find default domain ontology rule

After days of searching, I decided to take the message literally,I tried searching for an app called tracker and actually, sudo apt install tracker fixed it!


backuppc has missing menu items after installation

With the output of REMOTE_USER="$REDIRECT_REMOTE_USER=", I did a grep on REMOTE_USER in the configuration scripts below /etc/apache2/conf-enabled. I found a .conf file that contained:

SetEnv REMOTE_USER=$REDIRECT_REMOTE_USER

The .conf script was unrelated to backuppc.
Prefixing the REMOTE_USER line with #, and then restarting the services

# apachtectl restart
# service backuppc restart

resolved the issue.


Solution that I use in my company.

On clients (old PC's) we are using Lubuntu. All them have 2 or 3 monitor connected. There are created users with logins/passwords as on original windows stations.

I've created script:

#! /bin/bash

xfreerdp /multimon /d:DOMAIN_NAME /u:USER_NAME /p:PASSWORD /v:IP.OF.WIN.COMP +compression /multimedia +clipboard +fonts +aero /rfx

which is automatically executed after user logins into Lubuntu. Some people didn't notice that they are using Linux :)

Remember, option /multimon works as expected when top edges of screens are aligned in Lubuntu display settings. Additional monitors cannot have negative vertical offset (in this case remote screen will be spanned across all monitors).

There are some ”more advanced user” :) They have additional scripts which starts remote desktop on one monitor only. On second they usually have web browser running locally.


user68186 is right you need to flash your chromebook with a modified bios. Thanks to John's hard work you can now download it from his website.

The main steps are:

Enable developer mode on your chromebook
Disable write-protect so that you can write to the BIOS
Flash the BIOS with the modified version downloaded from John's site
Boot your chromebook from a live Ubuntu USB drive and
install in the normal way (it's a good idea to wipe all the chrome OS
partitions).

If you need a step by step process for this, see my post on wiping Chrome OS and installing Ubuntu.


I observed laptop fan was spinning high frequently while in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and consequently my laptop's battery backup was reduced (compared to running on 18.04 LTS)
Two ways to improve battery life:

use powertop utility with --auto-tune flag. You can also use it to investigate which hardware component in your system is using most power and when. Installation steps: https://linoxide.com/tools/install-use-powertop-ubuntu-16-04/
use my tiny little script: https://github.com/melvinga/cpuPowerProfilesForLinux
It makes zero compromise on performance and my laptop battery backup improved from 5-6 hours to 8-10 hours.

Let me know if either of the above works for you.


Sometimes a port will need to be forwarded from the router (take a look at port forwarding), or perhaps port 21 is already pointing to something else on the network?


Disk not showing data created when being used by other OS (Ubuntu 18.04 dual boot with Windows 8 )

The problem was caused by Windows' fast startup:

  When you shut down a computer with Fast Startup enabled, Windows locks down the Windows hard disk. You won’t be able to access it from other operating systems if you have your computer configured to dual-boot. Even worse, if you boot into another OS and then access or change anything on the hard disk (or partition) that the hibernating Windows installation uses, it can cause corruption. If you’re dual booting, it’s best not to use Fast Startup or Hibernation at all.

I disabled fast startup from Control Panel > System & Security > power options > what power button does and unchecked the checkbox,
and now it is working fine.


WordPress high Steal time on Linux Ubuntu 16.04.1

This could be the bug at kswapd0 100% CPU usage (Ubuntu Bugs)

The workaround is to run this command:

sudo ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/40-vm-hotadd.rules


Removed Zeitgeist, Ubuntu 12.04 starts in terminal

Please try to reinstall ubuntu-desktop package. It should hopefully fix this problem by re installing all the desktop packages as recursive dependencies.


1) They contain debugging symbols.

2) If you need to debug things locally, then yes, they are necessary to get the debugging symbols. However, -dbg packages are somewhat deprecated, and you should add the ddebs archive to get the dbgsyms packages instead, when possible.

3) Not usually. If you report a crash bug, the crash reporting server will rescan with the appropriate debug packages installed to get a full stack trace with symbols.


Unity runs as a compiz plugin.

To reset compiz, install donf-tools and run the following

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools
dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

I can't think of any accessibility options that would disable the keyboard but you may want to check those as well and if it's a laptop, check the function keys to make sure it's not disabled.


Get ip from DHCP:

$ sudo dhclient enp3s0


Finding out if Ubuntu supports a specific laptop?

Check out sites like linlap.com to see if any specific model works with Linux.  They seem to have more info than the more official compatibility lists.


Facing problem in forwarding traffic on port 2222 to docker 172.17.0.2 :22

This works seamlessly -

 sudo iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 2222 -j DNAT --to 172.17.0.2:22
 sudo iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -d 172.17.0.2 --dport 22 -j ACCEPT


Browser install plugins inside the user's home directory and are only in use for that user.

  Can Firefox add-on damage to the system?

Yes. But there are a few things to consider.

plugins tend to be downloaded from the browsers's own homepage and as of today we can trust Mozilla. Downloading them from random sites is a Windows mentality we should all avoid.
problems tend to come from bugs in those plugins.
as long as your "sudo" password is safe problems tend to be local (ie. related to that user; not the whole system).

  Why no need root access to install them?

Now you seem to misunderstanding something. Plugins requiring sudo that would be WORSE than a plugin without needing sudo. If the plugin has a keyboard logger and a method to  send what you type to the owner of the plugin...


Trying to execute update-alternatives command specified in an instrutional document

1st thing you need to supply is an argument. According to man update-alternatives those can be ...

  Synopsis

  alternatives [options] --install link name path priority [--slave
  link name path]... [--initscript service]

  alternatives [options] --remove name path

  alternatives [options] --set name path

  alternatives [options] --auto name

  alternatives [options] --display name

  alternatives [options] --config name

as you can see the parameter is obligatory. According to the wiki you can use sudo update-alternatives --config java. This will present you with a selection that looks similar to the following (the details may differ for you):

There are 2 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java).
Selection Path Priority Status
————————————————————
* 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java 1061 auto mode
1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre1.7.0/jre/bin/java 3 manual mode

Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 1

Yours probably needs to be:

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/local/bin/java" "java" "/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/java" 1


XKB error on a MacBook Pro 4.1 causes keyboard problems

Have Macbook 7.1 and experienced same problems.

My Solution was to remove the Intl-Variant from the keyboard layout and choose the standard instead.

$ gnome-keyboard-properties

Click Tab Layouts
Click Button Add... (new window opens)
Click Tab By County
Country: Select e.g. "Germany"
Variants: Select e.g. "Germany"

NOTE: Do not select Variant e.g. "Germany Macintosh"!
Click Button Add (window closes)
Select other Layouts and remove them from the list

Select e.g. "Germany"
Keyboard Model: Select "MacBook/MacBook Pro"


What should be used instead of the deprecated gnome-open in Ubuntu 18.04?

Use the xdg-open wrapper instead, or gio from libglib2.0-bin.  Both are installed by default in Ubuntu 18.04.

I'd prefer xdg-open, which wraps around several DE-specific openers (and will likely be kept updated to use whichever tools are currently supported). For example, the old GNOME3 tool used to be gvfs-open. xdg-open used to use gvfs-open, and after it was deprecated, xdg-open has been updated to use gio open.

In 18.04:

$ grep -e gio -e gvfs "$(command -v xdg-open)"
    if gio help open 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then
        gio open "$1"
    elif gvfs-open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then
        gvfs-open "$1"
...

In 16.04:

$ grep -e gio -e gvfs $(command -v xdg-open)
    if gvfs-open --help >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        gvfs-open "$1"
...


TeamSpeak 3 doesn't see virtual sink monitor as capture device

So I found a solution to this problem: in pavucontrol there is a recording tab where you can set the input device for TS3 (or any application that records something) to anything you want, in my case the sink monitor.


Openstack-autopilot - Landscape and Openstack Dashboard on private network?

Yes. The public network will be used for Openstack floating IPs.


why don't work buttons in GNOME Videos (Totem)

how we can solve this?
You have to test more nvidia drivers, all you have on hand.
As in my case none worked I had to install this ppa for more drivers "graphics-drivers/ppa". More information here.

Open your terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update

After that you can test more drivers, for example the 367.44 and check if it works. In my case this solve my problem.
Software & Update image


RT3290 Wireless stops working randomly until reboot.

Yup.

6 years old problem...

http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1333994.html
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/132042

It's been reported multiple times and the ubuntu developers couldn't care less.

Having the exact same problem since forever and I doubt I'll live to see the day it gets fixed.

Your wireless whatever doesn't matter, it happens on everything (realtek, intel, atheros etc)

Only "workaround" I could find so far was to remove and reload the modules. It's beyond pathetic.


Make "recovery mode" write to files when file system is read-only?

You need to remount the file system by the

mount -o remount,rw /

command to get it writable.


I can't find my Windows 7 after installing Ubuntu 14.04. I need my data!

You might have a slight chance of recovering your data if the recovery partition was at the end of your disk using this answer.

Otherwise, contact the manufacturer of your PC and ask them to send you a "recovery DVD".

This recovery DVD will wipe your entire drive, so back up your data before continuing!


Impossible to make logitech cam work skype

This might sound like a weak answer but I had the same problem with my Logitech cam with Skype. All I did was make sure all input/output devices were turned up all the way and then relaunched Skype did a test call with "echo" in Skype and it worked.


LibreOffice problem while openning a document

Upload your .odt document to Google Drive.
Right-click on the .odt document and select Open with -> Google Docs. Google Docs will convert the .odt file to its own document format for editing in Google Docs.
From the open document in Google Docs select File -> Download as -> OpenDocument Format (.odt). Google Docs will convert the document back to .odt format.
Open the .odt document that you downloaded from Google Docs in LibreOffice.

Google Docs does a good job of converting documents to .odt format. The two document conversions in Google Docs may remove whatever there is in your original .odt document that was causing the problem.

Alternate method

Make a copy of the corrupted document and rename the copied document's extension to .zip.
Open the .zip file in Archive Manager and extract the content.xml file and the images from the Pictures folder.
Open the content.xml file in a text editor and recover as much of the text as you can. The content.xml file may also contain some of the original document's formatting information, which can also be recovered. If the content.xml contains any formatting information, the best way to view it is by opening content.xml in a web browser.
Sometimes you can also recover a corrupted .odt document by creating a blank .odt document, renaming its extension to .zip, and replacing the content.xml file of the blank .odt document with the content.xml file which was extracted from the corrupted document.


Full Disk Encryption: Swap Partition Not Used?

Yes, you do have swap enabled, and a quite big one at that, with 60GB+. Try hibernating and see how it goes.

Linux have several names for the same partition. The /dev/dm-X name is usually named sequentially, starting at 0, and adding one at each new partition mounted. In your case, it seems like dm-0 is your disk, and since you are using LVM, dm-1 is your root and dm-2 your swap. If you don't have another disk mounted, and you mount an encrypted usb, it will be dm-3, etc. It is generally used for encrypted partitions, from dmcrypt.

To see what each each partition represents, you have several alternatives. The simplest, would be ls -alh /dev/mapper/. You can also use dmsetup, using the info or ls options, and even lvdisplay for the partitions that are part of an LVM setup.


How can I deploy an existing installation across multiple ARM devices?

Not sure about a better way, there might be, but dd is good enough, and U3 has a root resize script which can be launched with /usr/local/bin/odroid-utility.sh.

PS: Security is not the strongest part of Odroid's boards, so it's a good thing you are not concerned.


show a group of specific lines from all files with .txt extension

Using sed to print 7th to 15th lines of all .txt files in the current directory:

for i in *.txt; do sed -n '7,15 p' "$i"; done

Here 7,15 indicates the line range to print by sed, in this case from 7 to 15.

As you were using awk:

awk 'FNR>=7 && FNR<=15' *.txt

Combination of head and tail:

for i in *.txt; do tail -n +7 "$i" | head -9; done

Or as @steeldriver mentioned, with the newer GNU sed (any supported releases of Ubuntu has it), you can just do:

sed -sn '7,15 p' *.txt

Here -s is to treat each file separately, rather than all of them combined as a single stream.


The theme that you are looking for is, "gnomishdark".

To install this, press Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install gnomishdark


Disable Evince thumbnails preview sidebar (Side Pane)

A workaround.

Open up any pdf and then manually close the sidebar.
Then go to Edit->Save current settings as Default or the keyboard combination Ctrl + T.

Now everytime you open any PDF, the sidepane will be hidden by default.
You can view it again by going to View->Side Pane or pressing F9.

Tested in Ubuntu 14.04, Evince 3.10.3


I have had this before and I would need more information about your system (partitions, grub etc) to tell you the exact way. Your problem is mostly likely that you didn't install Windows and Ubuntu in the correct order or installed GRUB not properly. But one of these should solve your problem.

Boot from the right partition

Go into your BIOS/UEFI and pick the disk where you have installed GRUB. Sometimes when an error occurs the BIOS/UEFI will switch disks in order to boot.

Update GRUB and make it show up during start up

Use your USB Live Install to boot into your Ubuntu install. To do so pick your USB drive in your BIOS to boot from.

To make GRUB show up during startup, open /etc/default/grub with sudo. Comment out GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 with a #.

Then type into the terminal sudo update-grub.

Use Boot-Repair to reinstall GRUB

If none of the above worked, this should work most certainly. Here is how to install Boot-Repair

In order for Boot-Repair to work you need to create an unformatted partition with >2MB (it will tell you) and set the bios_grub boot flag. You can do this with GParted. Simply make free space for the partition by making one of the existing smaller and then add a new unformatted partition with the flag. Boot-Repair will take it from here.


The error is occurring because you are expecting your shell to understand and run the file.

Makefiles aren't meant to be executable - they're given as inputs to the make command e.g. make -f Makefile - or just make, since it will search the current directory for a file with default names like Makefile, makefile.

From man make:

   To  prepare to use make, you must write a file called the makefile that
   describes the relationships among files in your program, and the states
   the  commands for updating each file.  In a program, typically the exe‐
   cutable file is updated from object files, which are in  turn  made  by
   compiling source files.

   Once  a  suitable  makefile  exists,  each  time you change some source
   files, this simple shell command:

          make

   suffices to perform all necessary  recompilations.   The  make  program
   uses  the  makefile  description and the last-modification times of the
   files to decide which of the files need to be  updated.   For  each  of
   those files, it issues the commands recorded in the makefile.

   make  executes  commands  in  the makefile to update one or more target
   names, where name is typically a program.  If no -f option is  present,
   make  will  look for the makefiles GNUmakefile, makefile, and Makefile,
   in that order.


Having problems with icons of new file i create

The Cherry Tree note taking application can save in SQlite format (binary database format) or in XLM format (text format). For these file types, it uses the .ctb and .ctd extensions, respectively.

The issue is that the installation process of Cherry Tree does not create a mime type for these files. Accordingly, the extension is not registered, and Ubuntu looks at the nature of the file to determine the file type.

Proceed as following to make sure that a Cherry tree document is by default opened with Cherry tree when you double-click it:

Right-click the cherry tree document, and select "Properties".
On the "Open with" tab, select "Cherry Tree" and click "Set as default".
Close the dialog

This will allow you to open a Cherry Tree file by clicking. To make sure that a Cherry Tree document always has a specific icon would require to create a new mime type and set an icon. While this can be done, it is a technical and complex procedure requiring work at the terminal.


Cannot mount external hard disk, MFT records error

If it's still of any interest, after more than  one year: I think a

chkdsk /f /r  INSERT-HERE-EXT-DRIVELETTER:

executed on a Windows machine to check the volume thoroughly could help.. DO NOT let Windows format your drive before you've tried to repair it with chkdsk!


Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)

It seems very stupid but I have solved the problem.  I hadn't noticed that a system administrator somehow blocked 3306 port for all hosts at the firewall, and therefore I couldn't connect to mysql. After removing that restriction I was able to connect to mysql without any problems. Thanks for your suggestions and help.


How to remove Calendars from Gnome Calendar?

I had the same issue. I was no longer using Evolution anyway so I was able to remove the config files for evolution and when I logged out and back in the accounts were gone. If you still use Evolution that probably won't work for you though.
removed ~/.config/evolution/ and ~/.local/share/evolution/


It appears that the default Bluetooth GUI wasn't designed with gamepads in mind. You can still get your OUYA gamepad working, though. You should be able to use the default Bluetooth GUI (see the other answer) - if for some reason you can't this fallback method also works (with some caveats).

Pre-install

Before you start, install bluez-compat (to make the connection with hidd) and joystick-gtk (to test the gamepad) as follows:

sudo apt install bluez-compat jstest-gtk

Scan and connect

Now press hold down the OUYA button on the controller to make it discoverable. It should start by flashing all four lights, then flash only two lights. Once it is doing this, enter the following command to scan for it:

hcitool scan

It should appear as "OUYA gamepad" with a long address after it. You can now connect to it with:

sudo hidd --connect <ADDRESS>

(replace  with the address from the scan).

Confirm it works

You should immediately be able to move the mouse pointer with the OUYA gamepad touchpad. Additionally, a wireless mouse indicator should appear next to the Bluetooth adapter icon.

Finally, you can confirm that gamepad input is working by running jstest-gtk from the Dash.

Drawbacks with this approach

bluez-compat is self-described as being a legacy package. "These binaries are not supported, and will go away again in the future." It would be ideal to use a more modern package.
Because we use sudo to connect, a lock icon appears on the Bluetooth indicator. (Does this have any effect?)
The gamepad is not permanently added to the list of Bluetooth devices, and is autodiscoverable (e.g. next time you reboot, you can't just make the controller discoverable again, you have to repeat the scan and connect process).
Using the default Bluetooth GUI does not have any of these drawbacks.


Can't get correct permissions for /var/www/html/

You can change ownership of the html directory like this:

sudo chown pi /var/www/html

Then set permissions to

chmod 776 -R /var/www/html

Which will allow read, write and execute permissions for User and Group and giving read and write permission to Other (www-data,apache, etc ...).


Changing the default output device can indeed be done using pulseaudio's CLI interface:

pacmd set-default-sink <sink_name|index>

This default device may however be changed by the module-stream-restore which is loaded by default. This module will also restore a device unless we call it with the following parameter:

load-module module-stream-restore restore_device=false

This should be put in our default.pa to replace the corresponding line there.

To make this change valid for all users we therefore need to edit the /etc/pulse/default.pa as root. A better approach is however to work on a copy of this file in our user directory where we can put it to ~/.config/pulse/

cp /etc/pulse/default.pa ~/.config/pulse/

Setting we made there will override those in /etc/pulse, so it is safe to experiment here. If anything goes wrong we simply delete this file to let pulseaudio use the system-wide defaults again.

All changes in default.pa ne a reset of the pulseaudio server to take effect. This can be done with:

pulseaudio -k

Also see:
How to change pulseaudio sink with  "pacmd set-default-sink" during playback?


Unable to locate krb5-admin-server krb5-kdc

I post this as an answer because it solved the problem.

Do a sudo apt-get update to update the repos cache before sudo apt-get install


Which GNU savannah bug report URLs are accepted by Launchpad?

Never say never! A fix committed has been committed for the launchpad bug itself after two days and is now ready for QA testing. Awesome!

The fix is now released an I added the upstream bug reference to the GRUB issue (which hasn't seen input, yet).


How do I make new Nautilus windows show the same folder as the original window?

There is no option for changing or customizing the New Window action behavior.

But you can create a nautilus script with the behavior you want and use it instead of the built in action. It's a one-liner that simply opens Nautilus at a given folder. In your case, the current folder. Save the script at ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts (~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts for Ubuntu 13.04 onwards).

To invoke such script with CTRL+N you must edit ~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus (~/.local/share/nautilus/accels for 13.04+) and edit the corresponding lines for both your script and New Window builtin action.

You could also request this feature at gnome buglist for Nautilus:

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/browse.cgi?product=nautilus


KDE 5 stores notes in the ~/.local/share/plasma_notes folder.


How to completely remove wicd from 12.04?

have you installed it from source? you can't use synaptic or software center to remove wicd then.

By the way, you should look for a startup script, to remove wicd from startup. Then you will not need to uninstall, it won't get started if you remove it. Check /etc/rc5.d and /etc/xdg/autostart for entries. (I assume you boot to gui)


How do I tell ubuntu not to use certain memory addresses?

If you look in /etc/default/grub, you'll find a GRUB_BADRAM= parameter where you can identify what bad memory locations there are.

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

After setting the addresses, run sudo update-grub to apply.

Taken from https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BadRAM#BADRAM_setting_in_Grub2 ...

BADRAM setting in Grub2

The GRUB2 config file in Natty has a line for configuring kernel bad ram exclusions. So, I will assume that is the preferred way of mapping out a section of memory that is showing errors. The line I set was

GRUB_BADRAM="0x7DDF0000,0xffffc000"

The suggested way on every web site I could find was to set this was to run memtest86 and let it show you the BadRAM settings. memtest86 gave me a page of stuff I would have had to enter. I could see that all the addresses were in one 16K block, so I just wanted to map that 16K block out of action. Here is how I generated the correct entry.

The first parameter is easy. That is the base address of the bad memory. In my case, I could see that all the bad addresses were greater than 0x7DDF0000 and less than 0x7DDF4000. So, I took the beginning of the 16K block as my starting address.

The second parameter is a mask. You put 1s where the address range you want shares the same values and 0s where it will vary. This means you need to pick your address range such that only the low order bits vary. Looking at my address, the first part of the mask is easy. You want to start with 0xffff. For the next nibble, I will explain with bit maps. I want to range from 0000 to 0011. So, the mask for badram would be 1100 or a hex c. The last 3 nibbles need to be all 0s in the mask, since we want the entire range mapped out. So, we get a total result of 0xffffc000.

After setting this line in /etc/default/grub, I ran sudo update-grub and rebooted and my bad memory was no longer being used. No kernel patches are needed to map out bad memory using this method.

Of course, the best action plan would be to replace the defective RAM.


How can I install drivers for nvidia gtx 560?

Try enabling the X Updates PPA (see Adding this PPA to your system). It contains the latest stable release of the nVidia graphics drivers (304.43 at the time of writing).

In case 'Additional Drivers' (actually that's Jocky) stays empty, install it like this:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings


"Empty Partition!" in Mac after created that with Disk Utility

FAT32 file system has size limitations. You cannot create a FAT32 partition greater than 32 gigabytes (GB). In addition, you cannot store a file larger than 4 GB on a FAT32 partition.

Source: Microsoft

Check here for more info

Beyond 32GB

Despite FAT32’s shortcomings in terms of maximum file size limits, lack of ACLs, and disk quotas support. Unfortunately, when the user wants to prepare a drive for use in this fashion, there is one major problem: Windows cannot format drives and partitions larger than 32GB in FAT32.

You may even consider making a partition sized at 32GB initially and then resizing it to fill the rest of the empty space. But within Windows, using the basic storage tools to resize operations is not supported on file systems other than NTFS.1

1Source:techrepublic.com


The correct command is

sudo su -c 'tar zcvf yourname.tar.gz /etc /var'

or simply

sudo tar zcvf yourname.tar.gz /etc /var

And you forgot the space characters in your command:

su -c 'tar zcvf yourname.tar.gz/etc/var/'
                               ^   ^-- Missing SPACE
                                -- Missing SPACE

Your PDF has a very bad quality, it seems like an OCR output. You shouldn't copy and paste the commands. And the PDF is not written for Ubuntu, therefore some commands and procedures may be wrong.


I solved it myself by not using mod_php and moving to php-fpm fastcgi


Ubuntu 19.04 lm-sensors functions only partially

Editing /etc/default/grub and adding acpi_enforce_resources=lax to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT might solve your problem.

So it looks something like this...

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_enforce_resources=lax"

I have read though that adding this may cause instability.


Spectre/Meltdown: Make 100% sure to never get any Security Updates

4.14.13 kernels and newer should have the fixes built into them. They may work better then the patched older kernels.

Download the headers and kernel from Ubuntu's mainline daily builds.

For 64-bit:

linux-image-4.14.13-041413-generic_4.14.13-041413.201801101001_amd64.deb
linux-headers-4.14.13-041413-generic_4.14.13-041413.201801101001_amd64.deb
linux-headers-4.14.13-041413_4.14.13-041413.201801101001_all.deb

For 32-bit:

linux-image-4.14.13-041413-generic_4.14.13-041413.201801101001_i386.deb
linux-headers-4.14.13-041413-generic_4.14.13-041413.201801101001_i386.deb
linux-headers-4.14.13-041413_4.14.13-041413.201801101001_all.deb

Then, use dpkg to install headers-all, headers-generic, then the kernel. The dpkg command is in the form of sudo dpkg -i <file name>. For example:

sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.14.13-041413-generic_4.14.13-041413.201801101001_i386.deb

In the terminal you can use tab to complete file names after typing enough characters to identify the file. I.e. linux-i and linux-h should be enough for the autocomplete to work.

Then reboot your system. Do not remove your old kernel until you are confident the new one is working satisfactorily. Personally I keep one old kernel for emergency fall back.

Note: If you are not using an X86 or X86_64 architecture, other kernel debs and source code can be found here: v4.14.13 mainline build


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS: can't install package libXtst6:i386

There is no package with capital letter in its name. This is a standard policy for Debian packages.

libXtst6:i386 wrong name
libxtst6:i386 correct name

See packages.ubuntu.com


The partitioning a GPT disk is to proceed to:

Delete the msdos partition table.

Create a gpt partition table

Create a bootloader partition.

Create a swap partition.

Create a linux partitions.

Create other data partitions.

There are two options to format the boot sector of a GPT disk.

 Your machine is (U)EFI aware via the Bios and turned on,

and selected to be bootable,You wish to use EFI to boot a GPT disk formatted disk,

you must have a FAT formatted EFI System Partition (type EF00 ) as the first partition

Your machine is not (U)EFI aware via the Bios, You wish to use

the Bios to boot a GPT formatted disk, you must make a Bios boot partition,

(type EF02) as the first partition. The Boot Bios partition is not to be formatted


Problem with the installation of VirtualBox

Basically after you install those two packages you also need to do the reconfiguration:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure virtualbox-dkms
sudo dpkg-reconfigure virtualbox
sudo modprobe vboxdrv

And to fix eth0:

sudo modprobe vboxnetflt


Rename all Files and Folders - The Movie - Movie, The

Check out FileBot at https://www.filebot.net/forums/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=3709&p=32848#p32848 or https://www.filebot.net/ or the Ubuntu Software store. It provides a nice way to bulk rename video files.


There are 2 ways to control the aspect ratio of mplayer.

You can set the aspect ratio of the monitor, and the aspect ratio of the video.

To set the monitor aspect ratio

mplayer -monitoraspect <ratio> <file.avi>

To set the movie aspect ratio

mplayer -aspect <ratio> <file.avi>

In your case mplayer -aspect 4:3 <file.avi> should keep it from resizing.


How to find the program name of an X window?

Running xprop _NET_WM_PID from a terminal will put X into a special mode where you can click on a window to get that window's PID in the terminal.
Then run ls -l /proc/<pid>/exe and look at where the link is to to figure out what the program's file name is.
The following is a little python script take from a program I'm working on:
#! /usr/bin/env python

import os, subprocess

# Function based on code from apport
def get_window_pid():
    xprop = subprocess.Popen(['xprop', '_NET_WM_PID'],
            stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    (out, err) = xprop.communicate()
    if xprop.returncode == 0:
        try:
            return int(out.split()[-1])
        except ValueError:
            return -1
    else:
        return -1

def get_window_exe():
    pid = get_window_pid()

    if pid == -1:
        return ''

    return os.path.realpath('/proc/' + str(pid) + '/exe')

if __name__=='__main__':
    exe = get_window_exe()
    if exe == '':
        print 'Unable to identify window\'s executable'
    else:
        print exe

Save this into a file and run by typing python <filename>.py. Click on the window and it will print the program's name.


try to open using command prompt see if it works

sudo google-chrome-stable

You can check version installed in your system

apt-cache policy google-chrome-stable

check it is newer if not then update using

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

you can also try chromium browser

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install chromium-browser

this works similar


How to record chrome cpu and memory usage

sudo apt-get install sysstat

man pidstat

Of possible additional  interest, man sar, man mpstat


Suddenly unable to start 16.04, even after reinstall

OK, poring over the log I saw a GTK error. I had installed manually GTK 3.20, I was sure I had restarted since but apparently not. Uninstalling GTK 3.20 to go back to 3.18 solved my issue. Thanks to everybody who chimed in with suggestions.


Nvidia 331 driver, Ubuntu 14.04 and Wine - lags, fps drops and surprising, temporary boost

Some things to change , then reboot, then test again:

Turn off power management: gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power active false
Free up disk space: You need at least 10% free disk space, (20% would even be better) then look at this Q&A how to defragment your drive.
Install the xorg.edgers PPA
While rebooting, go into the BIOS and turn off any power management as well.

Advanced settings:

do a sudo nano /etc/sysctl.cfg and add the following parameters to the end:

vm.swappiness = 10
vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 75
vm.max-readahead = 2048
vm.min-readahead = 1024

For the explanation of these, see comments to keep answer uncluttered.

As discussed in chat, your Intel Corporation Centrino Advanced-N 6235 (rev 24) has a problem. Use a wired connection while you're solving this.


19.04 Login Loop after changing boot logo

It appears that I  was mistaken as to the actual source of the problem:
changing the boot splash, as I originally thought, had nothing to do with it.
The actual cause of the problem was the application gnome-clocks that I had recently installed without giving much thought to it.  After simply running sudo apt remove gnome-clocks, I was able to log back into my Ubuntu desktop without a single problem.

Therefore, BEWARE of gnome-clocks all 19.04 users!!!!  Being an inexperienced Linux user, I can't say that this application is necessarily "bad", but I do know that it certainly messed things up for me.

As a side note, I also discovered an issue with my swap partition, though I don't know if that was at all related to the login loop or not.  The details of that problem, and methods to solve it, I found in this post.  Basically, after creating the swap space in
gparted, a new UUID was somehow assigned to that partition, which didn't match the UUID in my fstab file.  That is what was causing the "A start job is running for dev/disk/by-uuid... error on boot.  All I had to do in this case was copy the correct UUID for my swap partition from gparted (or I could have got it from disks) and paste that into the correct place in my fstab.

Thank you everyone who posted helpful comments on this question, and once again, watch out for gnome-clocks on Ubuntu 19.04.


How do you download a font and then install it?

Most modern font types are really easy to install. If you're using 10.04 or newer, you should be able to open the font viewer by double clicking on the font, and simply clicking the "install" button.

However, if you want to do it manually (sometimes it helps with organization), it's not much more difficult. All you have to do is move the font to your font directory and then update your cache.

If you look at the contents of /etc/fonts/fonts.conf, you can see all of the places where your fonts are stored. Personally, I like to put my fonts in /usr/share/fonts/, but that requires an account with sudo privileges (since the fonts are owned by 'root'). If you only need the font for a single user account, you can simply drag-and-drop the font into the ~/.fonts/ folder. If you can't find a ~/.fonts/ folder, no problem! Just use mkdir ~/.fonts to create it.

Once you've put your font(s) in the correct folder, open up a terminal and type:

sudo fc-cache -f -v

This updates your font cache, and now your new fonts should be usable!


cannot format a fat filesystem, getting error "Both FATs appear to be corrupt. Giving up."

Rather than trying to fsck the dos partition how about just zero'ing the parition table, create the partition table from new and re-format the DOS partition.

Suppose the USB stick is on /dev/sdc,  first make sure /dev/sdc1 is unmounted:

umount /dev/sdc1

Then clear the partition table, say by copying a bunch of zeros over the first few K

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc bs=512 count=16

Then run fdisk or parted to create the partitions from clean, e.g. with fdisk I use:

sudo fdisk /dev/sdc
Command (m for help): n
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-7796735, default 2048): <return>
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-7796735, default 7796735): <return>
Command (m for help): t
Hex code (type L to list codes): 6
Command (m for help): w

..note just press return for the First and Last sector questions, fdisk will chose the correct defaults (which will be different to my example above).  And then format the partition with VFAT:

sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdc1

and then remove and re-insert the drive. It should be cleanly formatted.


19.10: Ubuntu runs 3 hours on a battery charge, Windows gets about 9 hours

For now let's try with the GPU driver.
Nvidia works a bit different on GNU/Linux compared to windows. First install the Nvidia official drivers. Open a terminal and run ubuntu-drivers devices. It might take a while. You should get a list like this one:

$ ubuntu-drivers devices
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.0/0000:01:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd0000174Dsv00001025sd00001218bc03sc02i00
vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
model    : GM108M [GeForce MX150]
driver   : nvidia-driver-440 - third-party free recommended
driver   : nvidia-driver-390 - distro non-free
driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin

So, let's focus on the recommended driver. In this case is nvidia-driver-440 - third-party free recommended (You should get that one too). Open a terminal and run sudo apt install nvidia-driver-XXX (Replace the XXX with the number you got before. When it's done just reboot your laptop. (In this case it would be sudo apt install nvidia-driver-440)

Once you log in again you should have a new desktop app called Nvidia X Server Settings. There is where you can set up your Nvidia GPU. (Similar to Windows).

Now we can work on the the really important thing: battery performance.
On the Nvidia X Server Settings you should get an option called PRIME Settings. (If you don't, simply install it running sudo apt install nvidia-prime). There is where you can select what GPU you want to use. For a better battery performance select the Intel GPU, then reboot your laptop.

After all this process it's normal your laptop fan is turned on. Rebooting, installing drivers and the Nvidia GPU heats up almost any laptop. Just leave your laptop alone some time so it can cool down a bit.

If you want to know your laptop's CPU temperature install lm-sensors by running sudo apt install lm-sensors. Then run the command sensors.

Please let me know if this has been useful to you.

Regards.


The best way to install is by a repo, this way you can stay upto date easily.

I see you use 12.04 and it is for 14.04 but they might work anyway, however an upgrade would be a good idea as 14.04 is also an LTS.

To install FFmpeg in Ubuntu/Linux Mint open Terminal (Press Ctrl+Alt+T) and copy the following commands in the Terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kirillshkrogalev/ffmpeg-next
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg


What does "Compression Method : null(0)" mean in Client Hello?

See section 6.2.2 and section 7.4.1.2 of RFC 5246.


DATA partition gets mounted as DATA1, breaking links and bookmarks

Apparently an improper shutdown had prevented a proper umount, so a folder named DATA had remained in /media/$USER/. Because that was still there during the next boot, the DATA partition was instead mounted under /media/$USER/DATA1.
Deleting the remnant folder DATA using root privileges solved the problem. After a reboot the partition could correctly be mounted at DATA again.


Can I upgrade from Ubuntu 12.10 to Lubuntu 13.04 directly?

Lubuntu desktop is layer over your Ubuntu. It is not a full Lubuntu experience. It will just install the apps and desktop environment of lubuntu. So your installation will contain all apps of lubuntu and standard ubuntu.

So installing lubuntu-desktop will not make it Lubuntu 13.04. It will be ubuntu 13.04 with lubuntu desktop.

So you can approach either way. Only thing is if you Upgrade to ubuntu 13.04 & then install lubuntu-desktop  you will save few MBs.

Another note: lubuntu-desktop  is a meta package. It actually contains what needs to be installed. Once installed, removing lubuntu-desktop will not remove the all the apps. So uninstallation will be not that easy.


It's really as simple as adding the following to your /etc/network/interfaces

auto eth0:1
iface eth0:1 inet static
        address failoverIP
        netmask 255.255.255.255
        broadcast failoverIP

You don't add a gateway.  You also do not include a Network number - just the IP, netmask and broadcast (which should be the same as the IP).

Repeat, using eth0:2, eth0:3 and eth0:4 for your other 3 failover IP's.  You can also start at eth0:0, rather than eth0:1.

Source: My own OVH configuration

OVH Documentation: http://help.ovh.co.uk/IpFailover (use the same as Debian for Ubuntu)


Problem with custom resolution with Nvidia

I found the solution. I recommed this tutorial for problem like mine:
http://brainwreckedtech.wordpress.com/2012/08/19/howto-get-nvidia-on-linux-to-use-custom-resolutions-over-dvi/
I paste it here so it may help someone someday :)


Why do I get an error message using "sudo apt-get update"?

This PPA doesn't have a release for Xenial, the latest version this repository supports is Utopic.

This article may help:
http://www.ubuntumaniac.com/2015/12/install-ff-multi-converter-172-on.html


Old laptop for Ubuntu home server: powerful enough?

Unless you need a DLNA server with support for transcoding on the fly, I do not see any tasks needing a powerful processor.

I have an Atom server doing similar tasks and the machine has very low levels of load. With such tasks, your processor will be idle most of the time.


Well the answer depends on your webcam not just because you have Linux!

Maybe you have a webcam that lots of people have had problems with in both Linux and Windows

First perhaps you could help us to understand more if you let us know what make of webcam you have

Please open a terminal and type
lspci

Then paste the results back here

It might be that you have a logitech webcam  ( they are a pain BUT fixable)

IF you have a look at this page you may get some help

How to fix webcam problems in Skype

If you are still around ...let us know how you get on :)


Netplan configuration for a router with 2 or more input ISPs with failover for single output interface?

Maybe start with something closer to this...

Note: This doesn't take into account having to come up with routing tables for iptables.

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      # local LAN
      optional: true
      addresses:
        - 192.168.10.1/24
    eth1:
      # ISP 1 is primary ISP
      optional: true
      dhcp4: true
      dhcp4-overrides:
        route-metric: 100
    eth2:
      # ISP 2 is incomplete (tether)
      optional: true
      dhcp4: true
      dhcp4-overrides:
        route-metric: 200
  wifis:
    wlan0:
      # ISP 3 is incomplete (wireless)
      dhcp4: true
      dhcp4-overrides:
        route-metric: 300
      access-points:
        "network_ssid_name":
          password: "**********"

sudo netplan --debug generate

sudo netplan apply

reboot


According to this post on phoronix website, it seens that the new catalyst 11.4 will support it.


How do I install Ubuntu Studio to its own hard drive on a UEFI system?

First, throw away your BIOS assumptions! Under EFI, the unit of bootability is a boot loader file, not a hard disk. That is, you don't "choose the HDD it is installed to as the boot device"; you choose the boot loader file for an OS. This may seem like a subtle nit-picky issue, but it's fundamental to understanding -- and therefore properly manipulating -- the EFI boot process.

The first thing you should do is to read your computer's manual, scrutinize its boot-time prompts, or just plain experiment to figure out how you can access the computer's built-in boot manager. Typically, this is done by hitting a particular function key at boot time, although sometimes it's Esc or some other key. (Sadly, there's absolutely no standardization on this.) A few computers don't really have useful boot-time boot menus, but most do. Your boot menu will probably include one option called ubuntu, another called Windows boot manager or something similar (I don't recall the precise name offhand), and probably some other entries. Verify that selecting the Windows item boots straight to Windows without booting Ubuntu. If selecting Windows boots GRUB, or if there is no Windows option, things get complex, so let's put that off....

If the firmware's boot manager lets you boot Windows, then you should boot to Ubuntu and type sudo efibootmgr to see a list of the boot programs that are registered with the EFI. This list should include more-or-less the entries that the boot manager shows you. The output will also include a line called BootOrder that shows the order in which various boot programs are used. Here's an example from one of my computers:

$ sudo efibootmgr
BootCurrent: 0005
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0005,0004,0000,0006,0001,0002
Boot0000* rEFInd (via shim)
Boot0001* P1: WDC WD10EARS-00MVWB0
Boot0002* P5: ASUS    DRW-2014S1T
Boot0004* UEFI OS
Boot0005* rEFInd Boot Manager
Boot0006* UEFI: ADATA USB Flash Drive

Windows isn't installed here, and I'm using my own rEFInd boot manager rather than GRUB, so there's no ubuntu entry; but the point is that you can see that the BootOrder causes Boot0005 (rEFInd Boot Manager) to be tried first, followed by Boot0004 (UEFI OS), etc. In your case, you should identify the Windows boot manager and set it first, followed by your ubuntu entry, and optionally followed by anything else. You can set the BootOrder with the -o option to efibootmgr, as in:

sudo efibootmgr -o 7,4,5

This example would set the system to try item #7 first (which isn't present on my system; but just pretend it's a Windows entry), followed by #4, followed by #5. When you reboot, you should see Windows appear automatically. To boot Ubuntu, you can hold the key you use to get to your firmware's boot manager and use that to boot Ubuntu.

I said earlier that things get complex if you can't get to that menu or if selecting the Windows entry boots to GRUB. The latter case is caused by certain options in the Boot Repair tool, which rename GRUB so that it takes on the name normally taken by the Windows boot loader. This is necessary on some systems to work around EFI bugs, but this option is sometimes applied unnecessarily. (This was common a year or so ago, when it was the default for Boot Repair.) You can do similar renaming manually or via other tools, too. The solution is to undo those actions. In Boot Repair, select the Advanced menu and use the option to restore backed-up files to their original names. If you need more help, ask.

If you can't find your firmware's built-in boot manager, you may need to do something else entirely. I believe there's an option in GRUB to set the timeout very low and hide the menu unless a key is pressed. You could do that, in conjunction with making Windows the default boot option. I don't know offhand precisely how to achieve this effect, though. Another solution is to install my rEFInd boot manager and then edit /boot/efi/EFI/refind/refind.conf, uncommenting the timeout line and setting it to -1; and uncommenting and adjusting the default_selection option to boot Windows by default.


Unable to install msodbcsql17 on Ubuntu 18.04

After searching around, I have found the requested package, it is located on Microsoft Ubuntu 18.04 repository, in order to install the package you have to add the repo first.

This will install msodbcsql17 that correspond to Ubuntu 18.04, open up terminal and run:

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/prod bionic main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install msodbcsql17