incrontab is not triggering with end of cron sh invokes

the result script to do:
/var/www/html/docs/int/master IN_CLOSE_WRITE php /var/www/html/shscript/work.php

Script file to copy from the master repository to the Work directory and after that to move it to processed
#!/bin/sh
cd /mnt/test1/int/master
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec bash -c '
for item do
    cp $item /var/www/html/docs/int/master && mv -f $item /mnt/test1/int/master/procesado
done
' bash {} +


Configuring mouse buttons to switch between apps?

This is copied off of this answer, with a few changes for clarification. Please vote up that answer, not my one.

By installing a couple packages you can configure this pretty easily without too much trouble at all. No matter what version of Linux I'm using i am always sure to install two specific applications when it comes to mouse and keyboard emulation.

These being:

xautomation is a set of command line programs to control X and do "visual scraping" to find things on the screen. There are six different programs to this application but the one we are gonna be concerning ourself with is xte. This program allows us to send arbitrary mouse and keyboard events to the kernel by utilizing the "XTest" extension.

sudo apt-get install xautomation

xbindkeys is a program that enables us to bind commands to certain keys or key combinations on the keyboard and is window manager independent, so whether you are in Gnome, Unity, KDE, etc... it makes no difference.

sudo apt-get install xbindkeys

**By using these two programs together we can make the keyboard and mouse do just about anything we want them to.*

You say you want to use the thumb button in your case for instance, well first we need to find what "mouse button number" X Server is recognizing when you click it. We will use a useful tool called xev to run this program do the following:

Open up a terminal window and type the following command at the prompt

xev

Xev creates a window and then asks the X server to send it events whenever anything happens to the window (such as it being moved, resized, typed in, clicked in, etc.). You can also attach it to an existing window. It is useful for seeing what causes events to occur and to display the information that they contain; it is essentially a debugging and development tool, and should not be needed in normal usage.

Hover your mouse over the event window that opened on your screen and click your thumb button. You will see alot of things happening in your terminal window but the one thing that we are concerned with is the "button number" of the one you just clicked. This can be found at the bottom of your terminal window and should look something similar to the following line:

state 0x10, button 1, same_screen YES

The button part is what were interested in. Being yours is a thumb button its probably gonna say button 8 or button 9 but it could be any number. Remember or write down that number for we will use it later. You can now close xev we no longer need this program.

Now to get things working!!

Assuming you have installed the xautomation and xbindkeys applications as stated above, we will go ahead and do the following:

Open up your favorite text editor and create a new file inside your home directory called .xbindkeysrc this is the configuration file that xbindkeys is going to use to make your mouse or keyboard do the special things we'd like it to do.
Type the following inside the file:

"xdotool key alt+Tab"
b:X + Release

Note: **Be sure to replace X with whatever number you wrote down for your thumb button from when we ran xev earlier*.

Note: **There should also be no spaces between the first line and the second line. If you have a space you will get an error when you run xbindkeys.*

Whats were telling xbindkeys to do here is to take the action of clicking and releasing your thumb button and make it do the action of double clicking your left mouse button which is represented but 'mouseclick 1' 'mouseclick 1'

Save the file and we should be good to go.

Ok lets test it out!!

Open a terminal window and type the following so we can test the functionality:

xbindkeys -n -v

This will run the xbindkeys program in debug mode so that we can see whats happening when you click on your button. It will tell you that its reading the .xbindkeysrc file that we created and using it for its configuration. If all goes well then you should end up with a line saying Starting Loop

Now if you click on your thumb button on your mouse then you should see some things happening in your terminal, meaning that it's recognizing the button press. You should now be getting the same functionality as you would by double-clicking with the left button of your mouse.

You should be able to test this out by using the thumb button and clicking on the menu bar of the terminal, which should maximize or minimize it, thus doing the same thing as a double click would do with the left mouse button.

Now  and exit the program.

Note: In order for this all to work all the time, we need to have xbindkeys running in the background at all times. If you just add a new command xbindkeys without the -n -v in your startup applications then it will start every time you log in to your window manager.

I've tried to explain in the best detail on how to go about doing this, hopefully you have been able to understand and complete this action with success. :)


How can I access my home folder in a live usb directly?

When you're running from a live CD / USB, if you enabled persistent mode when creating the drive, the modifications you make are stored in an "overlay" filesystem, which in turn is usually stored in a file called casper-rw on the memory stick.

You can easily access it by "loop mounting" the file, which means to treat an ordinary file like a block device and access the filesystem stored in it. If your USB stick gets mounted as, e.g. /media/USB, then the following should work:

sudo mount /media/USB/casper-rw /mnt -o loop

Then the contents of the overlay, including /home/xxx, should appear under /mnt. Note that you might have permission / ownership problems, if so try accessing /mnt as root (from the command line, after sudo -s).


What's the equivalent of "rpm -q whatrequires"?

I think you're looking for apt-cache rdepends <package> which will list all packages with a dependency on <package>. Normally this shows all packages, whether installed or not - apt-cache rdepends --installed <package> restricts the results to installed packages.

A search finds other similar questions, but since none of them make a comparison to rpm, I don't think this is a duplicate.


Change the group of all files/directories to www-data then enable setgid:

sudo chmod -R g+s /path/to/www/directory/

All files and directories will be created with www-data group from now on.


I guess because of codecs. Follow this tutorial and will be able to play everything.


How do I deploy a Django or PHP website via Juju?

This is still done via a charm who's purpose is dedicated to hosting such an app.

ex)

django: http://jujucharms.com/python-django

node.js: http://jujucharms.com/node-app


How do I get Ubuntu Snappy started using KVM?

That's the error message you get if you mis-typed the redirection string.

If you really did  type "-redir :8022::22" (and not -redir :8022:22, or 8022::22) then it should work.


How do I keep a snap from starting on boot?

You can disable services with snap disable (name) and enable when you need it with snap enable (name).

You can see the names of services in snap info (snapname).


Kubuntu 18.04 no more GUI after upgrade from 17.10

After a few hours of trying, I got the GUI working again, thanks to these two posts:

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2391150
https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/1033140/kubuntu-18-04-gives-black-screen-when-sddm-starts-no-login-/?offset=6

So, this turned out to be a NVidia-driver issue. I reinstalled the NVidia 390 driver, and added the lines suggested in the posts above to the /usr/share/sddm/scripts/Xsetup-file, and in the /etc/X11/xorg.conf-file, a line (Driver "nvidia") in Section "Device" was commented-out, which I enabled again. Rebooted succesfully into the GUI.


apt-get update stuck at "100% [1 Sources 276 kB/277 kB 100%]"

Turns out, the firewall was blocking the download. So if you have a similar problem, check your firewall settings.


Can't update 12.04 LTS - "404 Not found"

The HTTP error 404 makes it look like some common problems.
These are caused by repositories vanishing, or being moved away.

But it's not that our repository was no longer in place:

wget -q http://archive.ubuntu.com//ubuntu/dists/precise/ -O - | html2text
****** Index of /ubuntu/dists/precise ******
[[ICO]] Name              Last_modified     Size
============================================================================
[[DIR]] Parent_Directory                                                  -
[[   ]] Contents-amd64.gz 26-Apr-2012 05:30                              21M
[[   ]] Contents-i386.gz  26-Apr-2012 06:11                              21M
[[   ]] Release           25-Apr-2012 22:49                              48K
[[   ]] Release.gpg       25-Apr-2012 22:49                              198
[[DIR]] main/             05-Dec-2011 18:03                                -
[[DIR]] multiverse/       14-Oct-2011 00:29                                -
[[DIR]] restricted/       14-Oct-2011 00:29                                -
[[DIR]] universe/         14-Oct-2011 00:29                                -
============================================================================
     Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) Server at archive.ubuntu.com Port 80

Looking closely, it tries to access Packages, not Packages.gz as usual.

That does not look really suspect; There are multiple formats available, like .bz2 too; uncompressed is just another encoding.

$ wget -q http://archive.ubuntu.com//ubuntu/dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/ -O - | html2text
****** Index of /ubuntu/dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386 ******
[[ICO]] Name             Last_modified     Size
============================================================================
[[DIR]] Parent_Directory                                                  -
[[   ]] Packages.bz2     25-Apr-2012 22:42                              8.2K
[[   ]] Packages.gz      25-Apr-2012 22:42                              8.9K
[[   ]] Release          25-Apr-2012 22:49                               102
============================================================================
     Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) Server at archive.ubuntu.com Port 80

Even after finding that Packages is indeed missing, it's not really a reason to suspect something is wrong: Common web servers have an option to transparently unzip files as needed - just what seems to happen here.

A while later I found a bugreport, according to which the filename without .gz is indeed plain wrong in this place;

But the cause is really unexpected: The because the directories are deeper nested than usual, the length of the URL hit some limit. It does not fit into some fixed length buffer. It is three bytes too long; So three characters get discarded; The URL does not have any URL parameter etc. So the path of the URL get's chopped off;

By three characters, removing the .gz. Leaving a perfectly valid filename.

Packages.gz not found because instead searching for Packages only


How can I forward from a port based on source IP?

Make sure you are putting the rule in the right table and chain. I was fighting with this same scenario yesterday with iptables. Try doing a packet capture to make sure packets are coming in as you believe they are with tcpdump "tcpdump -s0 -w  port 514". You can also set up iptables logging of packets to verify what chain amd take things are flowing through. Inspect current rules and command line iptables arguments with "iptables -nL" and "iptables -S"

https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Netfilter-packet-flow.svg


How do I install this mysql workbench package?

sudo dpkg -i mysql-workbench-gpl-5.2.33b-1ubu1010-amd64.deb

It won't cause a problem because I install workbench every 2 months or so but a small warning: it is recommended that you read the dpkg manual page before using dpkg, as improper use may break the package management database. To view the manual page for dpkg type man dpkg on the command line.


PPA 404 error when installing Flux on Ubuntu 13.10

There was no official flex gui for saucy.So try to install flex-gui from raring.Follow the simple steps given below to install flex-gui in ubuntu 13.10.

Run the below commands,(if you already do this,skip to the next step)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kilian/f.lux
sudo apt-get update

Run the below command to edit kilian-f_lux-raring.list file,

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kilian-f_lux-saucy.list

And delete all the lines in that file ,add the below lines and save the file.

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kilian/f.lux/ubuntu raring main
# deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/kilian/f.lux/ubuntu raring main

Update the software repositories and then install flex-gui

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install fluxgui


How to open files and directories using a single click in Lubuntu?

Yes, you should be able to do so. Open PCManFM which is the default file manager. Click on Edit, Preferences, and then tick "Open Files with Single Click". That's all.


How to remove failed dpkg .deb installation

This will purge the broken package and conf

 sudo apt-get purge prey


Start every window on all workspaces, with a few exclusions

Interesting case.

What we need to take into account

The concept is not to complicated: simply set all windows sticky, however:

Since you want to exclude some applications, we will need to list those applications and check windows for their window class, to decide if we should set them sticky (show up on all workspaces) or not.
The window list, as output from wmctrl -l also shows a few window types, like DOCK and DESKTOP, of which you shouldn't edit their properties in general.
We will need to make sure only set new windows sticky, to prevent unnecessary fuel consumption.

Example script (python)

In the script below:

a two-second-cycle loop runs to compare the window list with the previous one, using:

wmctrl -l

and subsequently extract the window id from each of the lines
Subsequently, the script runs

xprop -id <window_id>

In which we can find information on the _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE and the WM_CLASS
If the new window "passes" these tests, i.o.w. the window does not belong to any of the excluded applications and is not of any of the excluded types, it is set sticky.

Since the script only acts on newly created windows, it will not add any noticable burden to your system.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import time

# excluded applications
apps = ["gedit", "chromium", "monkey"]

# ignored window types
ignore = [
    "= _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK",
    "= _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DESKTOP",
]

# just a helper
def get(cmd):

    try:
        return subprocess.check_output(cmd).decode("utf-8").strip()
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, TypeError):
        pass

# initiate windowlist
wins1 = []

while True:
    # cycle time
    time.sleep(2)
    # initiate new list
    new_wins = []
    # get the most recent window list
    windata = get(["wmctrl", "-l"])
    if windata:
        # extract window -ids
        wins2 = [w.split()[0] for w in windata.splitlines()]
        new = [w for w in wins2 if w not in wins1]
        # check for excluded classes and window types
        for w in new:
            testdata = get(["xprop", "-id", w])
            if all([
                not any([ig in testdata for ig in ignore]),
                not any([app in testdata for app in apps]),
                ]):
                # set the passed windows to sticky
                subprocess.Popen(
                    ["wmctrl", "-i", "-r", w, "-b", "add,sticky"]
                    )
        # refresh the window list for next cycle
        wins1 = wins2

How to setup

Make sure wmctrl is installed:

sudo apt install wmctrl

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as set_sticky.py
In the head section of your script, set the WM_CLASS -ses to exclude (you might want to remove the monkey, it was for testing purposes :) )
Test- run it with the command:

python3 /path/to/set_sticky.py

If all works fine, you could add it to Startup Applications, but make sure to add a small break to prevent the script from breaking on a not-yet-ready desktop:

/bin/bash -c "sleep 10 && python3 /path/to/set_sticky.py"

Have fun :)

Note

I tested it on Ubuntu Budgie (mutter) for 25 minutes without an issue. It should run fine on any window manager, but in case you run into an issue, just mention.


After an hour of searching, I found out that I needed to source it with:
. flaskenv1/bin/activate
For more detail on sourcing, read the first answer here.


Symlink a directory and automatically sync its content

If the locations are both on the same filesystem, you should use hard links. Otherwise, you'll have to setup some sort of synchronization, but that will be extremely inefficient in comparison.


My ubuntu shuts down when not connected to charge without giving any warning despite having more than 50% charge

It sounds like your battery may be failing. I assume your laptop-charger is the correct one for the computer?
Hope the problem doesn't get any worse....!
Walsingham.


Ubuntu willy werwolf isnt working on my computer dell xps 8700

I have the same hardware (xps 8700 with nvidia 745 gtx) and I confirm the problems: graphic looks horrible, words aren't showing correctly, some letters are missing. Moreover, login window (never seen in ubuntu live!) goes blank and then returns to the login screen again in a never ending loop when you try to access.

I can also confirm, with 15.04 all is fine (nouveau).  I'm still investigating the problem. If you create a USB live with persistent capability (see How to create UEFI-only bootable USB live media?) passing 'nomodeset' argument to the kernel when booting (press 'e' on grub and insert 'nomodeset' before 'quiet' argument), you will able to run 15.10 in a low resolution and login window will disappear!

With this configuration, you can try to update ubuntu (apt-get update; apt-get upgrade) or to install nvidia driver since live session uses noveau as default. These systems have failed on my Dell so I think it is a bug related to the new kernel 4.2 (see also this post: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2300068).
Since live usb with persistency can't update the kernel, in the next week I will try to install Ubuntu on a removable device to try to find out the actual problem. Another way is to update 15.10 iso with a new kernel. Wait and see.

Update: a fresh install with 4.2.0-19-generic works fine using nvidia driver 352.63. As stated above, pass nomodeset argument to the kernel, update and upgrade ubuntu, and then enable the proprietary nvidia driver.


No wifi adapter found - Lenovo Ideapad S145 - 20.04 Ubuntu

Reboot in the BOIS/UEFI and make sure that secure boot is off. You might have to set an administrator password for this.

Press F10 or F12 to save and exit

Once the machine has booted into Ubuntu, establish a temporary ethernet connection by plugging your cellphone into the USB port and settings >>> connections >>>> mobile hotspot and tethering >>> USB tethering.

Open a terminal.

Paste this line into the terminal :

sudo apt-get install rtl8821ce-dkms

Press Enter

Reboot your computer. Your WiFi card should work now.


“Software & Updates”, and/or “Software Updater”

The important ones are Unattended Upgrades and snapd. The others are optional.

Unattended Upgrades (auto-updates) automatically handles deb package security upgrades only. You don't need to tell your Ubuntu system to run it; the system will quietly check automatically each day.

Snapd automatically handles Snap package upgrades. You don't need to tell your Ubuntu system to run it; the system will quietly check automatically each day.

Livepatch is an optional service and application that updates the currently-running Linux kernel. If not using Livepatch, you should reboot your system roughly every three weeks to update to a newly-released kernel.

Software Updater (formerly known as Update Manager) is an optional application that handles all deb package upgrades from all known sources, including kernel updates. That's much broader than Unattended Upgrades. You set the Software Updater frequency using the Software & Updates control panel. software Updater will remind you when it's time to review proposed upgrades. If you don't use Livepatch, SU will also remind you to reboot every three weeks or so after a new kernel deb is installed.
SU is installed with your Ubuntu system and turned on by default. It's 'optional' in the sense that you are not required to use it. You can use other tools (Apt, Synaptic) instead.

All deb package tools (apt, aptitude, apt-get, synaptic, Unattended Upgrades, Software Updater, Ubuntu Software, etc.) use the same tools and database under the hood. For example: If you use Software Updater to install security packages, it won't confuse Unattended Upgrades.
This is a slight oversimplification for beginners, just to get you on the right track. Many of these tools can be used more powerfully or more expansively...but at the risk of (serious) unanticipated consequences. As you learn your system, our advice is to simply use these tools the way they are intended to be used. The default settings are safe and sane.


rEFInd bootloader not loading by default

I have four suggestions, off the top of my head:

Try another Shim -- I've found that some EFIs are a bit flaky about loading certain signed binaries, and will reject some signed binaries that other EFIs accept. Unfortunately, this quirk affects some copies of Shim, so you may just need to try another Shim binary. Using the one that's working for Ubuntu is a good starting point. If you swap out your Shim, be sure to replace the MokManager binary, too.
Use bcdedit in Windows -- You might try using the bcdedit program in Windows to register rEFInd (or rEFInd's copy of Shim) as the boot loader. From an Administrator Command Prompt window, typing bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\refind\shim.efi should do the job.
Customize your Secure Boot configuration -- You could bypass Shim by replacing your computer's default Secure Boot keys with your own keys. This process is a bit tedious, but it gives you much better control of the process. See my page on how to do this for details.
Copy rEFInd to EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi -- It's conceivable that your computer is booting this way already, although that seems unlikely. You can either copy the files manually or use the mvrefind.sh script that comes with rEFInd, although that script will move, rather than copy, the binaries. I strongly recommend backing up what's there already before you proceed.


Ubuntu equivalent of CentOS success / failure

I think the functions you are looking for are sourced from /lib/lsb/init-functions, and named log_success_msg and log_failure_msg:

$ . /lib/lsb/init-functions
$ log_success_msg foo
 * foo
$ log_failure_msg foo
 * foo

In this output, the first * is grey, the second is red (error case). Not extremely colorful, just enoug to get the point across...

From /lib/lsb/init-functions:

[ ... ]

log_success_msg () {
    if [ -n "${1:-}" ]; then
        log_begin_msg $@
    fi
    log_end_msg 0
}

log_failure_msg () {
    if [ -n "${1:-}" ]; then
        log_begin_msg $@ "..."
    fi
    log_end_msg 1 || true
}

[ ... ]


The Arabic language keyboard code is ar

To add the Arabic support Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below.

setxkbmap -option grp:switch,grp:alt_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll us,ar


Skype crashes if run with normal user - no problem with root

Downloading and installing the 64-bit version of Skype may fix your crashing issues.


You want to follow the five-point list of instructions on the ubuntuforums by Andy Meier:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=10286878#post10286878

The keys you'd have to modify in your /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/mynewlayout would be:

key <ESC>  {[ quoteleft,    asciitilde      ]       };

key <TLDE> {[ escape      ]       };

You then have to register this new layout as described on the forum.
Good luck.


What is the lastest level of ubuntu for a Dell Optiplex 620 computer

As a test, I've run Ubuntu, Lubuntu, and a whole bunch of other distos on hardware such as what you're describing. Your RAM is a little low but it should run fine - albeit not as fast as it would on more robust hardware. You may want to give Lubuntu a try as it is lighter on resources though the rest will run but not as speedy in my experience.

You can get Lubuntu here:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/GetLubuntu

You can read about Lubuntu here:
http://lubuntu.net/

You can download 15.04 here:
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/15.04/release/

You can wait a little bit (by the end of this month) and 15.10 should be released or you can find a beta version, which I'm not recommending but listing for completeness, here:
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/daily-live/current/


It is certainly possible to upgrade from the daily release to the eventual full release of Ubuntu 16.04 by running:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

But you would be running a pre-release version of Ubuntu that could potentially be very unstable and you could easily lose all of your work. Your entire system could also become unusable. These are the perils of running pre-release versions..

Your safest bet is to hold off until the full release date which should be April 21st.

References:

Xenial Xerus: Release Schedule


This page described how to use torify for terminal

  torify is a simple wrapper that attempts to find the best underlying
  Tor wrapper available on a system. It calls torsocks or tsocks
  with a tor specific configuration file.

  As first thing install the software, tor is usually found on all the
  repository so for Debian, Ubuntu and Mint you just have to type:

sudo apt-get install tor

  In this example we’ll keep all the standard configuration but 2
  things, in the file /etc/tor/torrc you should uncomment the
  directive:

ControlPort 9051

  And set

CookieAuthentication 0

  With these 2 options we set the port on which Tor will listen for
  local connections from Tor controller applications, and we tell to Tor
  that we don’t need an authentication, so any program can control Tor
  (don’t do this on a shared computer or server), later in this post
  I’ll show how to set a password, once changed save the file and
  restart tor with the command:

sudo /etc/init.d/tor restart

  And now a simple example that shows how to use the command torify
  and start a new session on tor from the Linux terminal, as first thing
  I get my public IP address with:

$  curl ifconfig.me
79.35.56.153

  So 79.35.56.153 is my public IP, now I use torify before the command
  curl in the command line :

$ torify curl ifconfig.me 2&gt;/dev/null
74.120.15.150

  As you can see now I browse on the net with a different Ip:
  74.120.15.150, but from the command line I can also force Tor to start a “new session” with the command:

echo -e 'AUTHENTICATE ""\r\nsignal NEWNYM\r\nQUIT' | nc 127.0.0.1 9051
250 OK
250 OK
250 closing connection

  This small script connects to port 9051 and issue the command “signal
  newnym” that will make Tor switch to clean circuits, so new
  application requests don’t share any circuits with old ones, now if I
  check my IP I expect to see a new one:

$ torify curl ifconfig.me 2&gt;/dev/null
46.59.74.15

  In this small example I’ve used curl to get my ip address, but with
  torify you could use almost any terminal program, such as ssh,
  wget, w3m or BitchX.

  How to set a password for Tor

  If you are in a shared environment it’s better to set up a password
  for Tor, here it’s how you can do it in a few steps:

  Generating your encrypted password:

  In a terminal type:

tor --hash-password "passwordhere"

  This will generate a password hash, you will need to save this for
  inserting into the TOR configuration file in the next step. (This is
  the hash for “passwordhere”,
  16:113BD60B17CD1E98609013B4426860D576F7096C189184808AFF551F65)

  Editing the Tor configuration file :

  Open the file /etc/tor/torrc and comment the line we set before:

#CookieAuthentication 0

  Next find the line:

#HashedControlPassword 16:2283409283049820409238409284028340238409238

  remove the # at the beginning and replace the password hash that is
  currently there with the hash you have just generated.

  So with the hash generated in this example the configuration would be:

HashedControlPassword 16:113BD60B17CD1E98609013B4426860D576F7096C189184808AFF551F65

  Save your changes.

  Restart TOR:

  Restart Tor so it get the new directives with:

sudo /etc/init.d/tor restart

  Now you can use the former command to connect to teh Tor daemon, but
  using your password, so for me this would be:

echo -e 'AUTHENTICATE "passwordhere"\r\nsignal NEWNYM\r\nQUIT' | nc 127.0.0.1 9051

  References:

  data-scraping-series-2-1-rotating-your-tor-ip-address-php-or-linux
  Using Tor to Anonymize Your Traffic (and setting up Tor in Arch Linux)
  Using Tor in Ubuntu | Torify our life


I had some similar errors with my system, and I found that it was an error with some fstab entries (external drives that were no longer physically connected). I just commented them out and the system booted as usual.


I observe the behavior persists only when my laptop is plugged in. Found that one when I was looking through this link.

One temporary hack is by placing your hand on the keyboard or any
metal part of your laptop to ground it.


How to call Qt or local function from Ubuntu HTML5 App?

The Applications templates are not Ubuntu Touch templates, those are actually just Qt Creator templates, you can't use them for Ubuntu Apps.

When you make an Ubuntu HTML5 app you can use standard JavaScript mouse event handlers like onmousemove, onmouseover and onmouseout although right now those don't work very well. Ubuntu Touch is in rapid development though so keep an eye out for updates.

EDIT: Use touch event handlers as specified in the W3C Specification

You can't really quit a HTML5 app from the app itself. It's not really a problem since if you had a chance to play with other apps for Ubuntu Touch you might have noticed that none of them have an exit button. On Ubuntu the idea is that you just slide apps into the background.

If you want to make a C++ application with a HTML5 UI you should read the answer to this question.


This is possible if .nano_history does not exist and you edit any file as root. Start a search action with Ctrl+W and .nano_history has the wrong ownership.

sudo chown arthur-dent:arthur-dent /home/arthur-dent/.nano_history

Later, the ownership of the file will not be changed.

I've tested:

% ls -l .nano_history
ls: cannot access .nano_history: No such file or directory

% sudo nano ~/tmp/<any_file>

Ctrl+W

Search anything.

Ctrl+X

% ls -l .nano_history
-rw------- 1 root root 6 Mai  3 22:08 .nano_history

% sudo chown aboettger:aboettger .nano_history
% ls -l .nano_history
-rw------- 1 aboettger aboettger 6 Mai  3 22:08 .nano_history

% sudo nano ~/tmp/<any_file>

Ctrl+W

Search anything.

Ctrl+X

% ls -l .nano_history
-rw------- 1 aboettger aboettger 11 Mai  3 22:11 .nano_history


Where did printer driver settings go on a Canon IP 3100?

Solution seemed to be a two part thing. One was following the instructions here.

It didn't work at first, though. Part of the key seems to be to not try and install the drivers using the interface above, but instead close that, turn the printer on, and use the dialog that comes up when the printer first connects.

Anyway... had to go back to the command line in 11.10. Not a step forward IMHO. But at least the printer is working now.


Ubuntu Won't Boot from USB on ASUS X205T

did you format the usb to fat32?(had a similar problem last week)

what program you using to burn the img into the stick ?

try using win32 disk imager

Download here:
win32 disk imager

if you think its not related to the usb stick try updating bios.


My solution was to install 18.04 in UEFI mode. Affects 18.10 as well.


Will running the remove cause the start and stop conditions to be removed also?

It will remove any instance of your script from the system, meaning, any link in /etc/rc*runlevel*.d to the mongodb script in your /etc/init.d.

  Are there any implications that I should be aware of?

If some other script depends of mongodb to start/stop it will fail.

Check the manpage for a complete description.


Where do I put the php file so Firefox sees/runs it?

Default public web root for a standard nginx installation should be located in /usr/share/nginx/html

Try to create a test script to see if php is properly running and setup by creating a new file called test.php and following content

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

save the file in your default web root and you should be able to run it by opening your standard browser and navigating to localhost/test.php

It should display a php-configuration page and you should be able to write your own code.

The easiest way to set it up locally, would be by installing a simple LAMP server (Apache, MySQL, PHP).

Read the wiki for further information!


Searching for mails with two or more attachments - thunderbird

You can install attachment count add-on which gives an other column to the existing ones.
The required steps are the following:

For TB 22+ in terminal: wget http://downloads.mozdev.org/attachmentcount/AttachmentCount-1.7.xpi
Then you install the add-on from: Tools / Add-ons / Extensions /
install add-on from file (in the button next to the search field) which should be located in your home folder.
Finally in the column chooser (where you normally have subject, date etc.) you add the column attachment counts with the small button at the right end.

Now you can even sort the messages based on the attachment's count.


Is it possible to keep GNOME 2 in 11.10?

If you want something similar to, and relatively compatible with, Gnome 2, then I suggest you try XFCE. It's a nice environment and it supports many Gnome Panel applets and such. It's actively developed. Gnome 2 is deprecated and is going away from all distros.


Lato Font Not Displayed Correctly Ubuntu 16.04

One idea is to raise the precedence. Create the file ~/.config/fontconfig/conf.d/10-prefer-lato.conf and give it this contents:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
        <alias>
                <family>sans-serif</family>
                <prefer>
                        <family>Lato</family>
                </prefer>
        </alias>
</fontconfig>


How can I list running bash scripts by the name of the script?

The problem here is that ps by default only shows the base command in its output, not the whole command line including arguments.

If you launch your script with bash TestEric.sh, the base command is bash. If you run it as TestEric.sh (possibly including its path), the base command will be that and not bash.

You can easily use pgrep instead of ps to list processes filtered by name. It has a -f flag that makes it match the given pattern against the whole command line instead of just the base command.

The -a flag makes it display that whole command line in its output for debugging purposes instead of just the PID. Once you verified it works, you can/should remove it again in your script.

Try this:

pgrep -f -a TestEric.sh

You can later count the processes using wc by counting the pgrep output lines:

pgrep -f TestEric.sh | wc -l


I did not use x11vnc because 1/3 of my display was black, but i found the cause of this problem:
x11vnc defaults to using xinerama to black-out the non-screen-area, but it detected my displays wrong.
Disabling it with -noxinerama fixed it for me.

x11vnc -clip 1368x768+439+0 -noxinerama worked.

(You can get the numbers ⇧ by typing xrandr --current)


How to install latest stable Chrome (34) on Ubuntu?

If you already have the Chrome ppa added and Chrome installed use

    sudo apt-get upgrade google-chrome-stable


i installed ubuntu 18.04.5 I change language to greek .On the top right of the screen there is a gr but keybord is english

try this in the terminal;
L='gr' && sudo sed -i 's/XKBLAYOUT="\w*"/XKBLAYOUT="'$L'"/g' /etc/default/keyboard
read this link for other options https://linoxide.com/ubuntu-how-to/configure-keyboard-ubuntu/


Lock copy-paste input to terminal while sudo prompts for password

Yes, there are easy ways to do this.
Firstly, If you just want to get sudo permissions for subsequent commands, you can use sudo -v instead of sudo whatever. It caches your credentials without running a command.

Say you want to copy-paste this into terminal:
sudo echo 1
echo 2
echo 3

Normally this happens:
$ sudo echo 1
[sudo] password for wja:
Sorry, try again.
[sudo] password for wja:
1

Instead, you can use braces:
$ {
> sudo echo 1
> echo 2
> echo 3
> }
[sudo] password for wja:
1
2
3

Or you can use bash with a herestring:
$ bash << EOF
> sudo echo 1
> echo 2
> echo 3
> EOF
[sudo] password for wja:
1
2
3

Or (this might be the best option for untrusted input) you can have Bash open an editor then paste your snippet in there. The default shortcut is Ctrl-x, Ctrl-e. Paste your input into the editor, look it over, then close and save to run it.


Open a terminal. Firstly, double check you have the perl rename, by typing man rename. At the bottom, it should say perl v5.18.2 or similar. (I think Ubuntu always ships the perl rename, but other distros ship other versions.)

If it's the correct version, then cd to the directory that contains these files. Then run

 rename 's/^hortstu/hortstu_/' hortstu[!_]*

Explanation

This will rename all files that match hortstu[!_]*. This means files that start with hortstu, and do not have _ next.
It will then rename them by

finding ^hortstu (i.e. hortstu at the beginning of the string)
replacing it with hortstu_.

N.B. the format for hortstu[!_]* is a bash glob. The format for ^hortstu is a regular expression.


Unable to get wifi adapter working - clean 19.04 install - network unclaimed

A newer version of iwlwifi can be installed that includes your device and, crucially, the exact subsystem. With a working internet connection by ethernet, tethering or whatever means possible, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install git build-essential
git clone https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/iwlwifi/backport-iwlwifi.git
cd backport-iwlwifi/
make defconfig-iwlwifi-public
sed -i 's/CPTCFG_IWLMVM_VENDOR_CMDS=y/# CPTCFG_IWLMVM_VENDOR_CMDS is not set/' .config
make -j4
sudo make install
sudo modprobe iwlwifi

I am not certain that the firmware is included in the latest version of linux-firmware. If your device doesn't start working immediately, check the log for messages and we'll then address the firmware if it's missing.

dmesg | grep iwl


unresolvable problem during distribution upgrade. How to find more details

have a look in /var/log

dpkg.log  - this is the log of the package installer

unattended-upgrades/ - this folder has more logs that might help


Upgrading to 12.04 from 11.10; cannot calculate the upgrade?

Open your terminal and run these commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get do-release-upgrade

Then try again.


Ejecting a USB 3.0 drive connected to USB 3.0 port reconnects immediately

I've found 3 workarounds:

attached to bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/792085 there is an advice to uncheck "Mount removable drives when hot-plugged" setting: https://launchpadlibrarian.net/191200111/Thunar_uncheck_setting.png
edit the BIOS settings: a) set xHCI mode to manual and b) disable the "xHCI pre-boot driver". It seems to solve the problem and supposedly leaves the USB 3.0 mode switched on. I've applied this method but, sorry, haven't tested it thoroughly yet.
a hard and violent workaround: just disable USB 3.0 mode in the BIOS settings - disable the xHCI interface, which is essential to USB 3.0. It helps... Although slows down the USB...


VeraCrypt dismounting in console requires root password

You can add your script to the /etc/sudoers by using the visudo.

See sudo-Konfiguration (DE)

 # group users allow to run script without password
 %users     ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/IRGENDEINSKRIPT

# to use:
sudo /usr/sbin/IRGENDEINSKRIPT


Why do I always get this error when using 'apt-get' commands?

As this question/answer surmises, linux/smp_lock.h was a file used in old 2.6 kernels. It no longer exists in Ubuntu, nor should it.

Your system it trying to compile a driver for an ancient kernel version. Just look at the error output:

.../usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27 modules

Dump ztemtApp (whatever that is) and either replace it with a version for a modern Kernel or just ignore it. It's not compiling so if you're not missing anything, I'd suggest you just remove it and leave it at that.


Quantal backported kernel in 12.04.2? What's going on there?

The 12.04.2 and later release ISOs have a Hardware Enablement Stack to allow 12.04 to run on newer hardware.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack

  In an effort to support a wider variety of hardware on an existing LTS release, the 12.04.2 and newer point releases will ship with an updated kernel and X stack by default. These newer hardware enablement stacks will be comprised of the newer kernel and X stacks from Quantal, Raring, and Saucy.

To optionally install it manually (if you've installed from earlier 12.04 release images):

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends \
     linux-generic-lts-quantal \
     xserver-xorg-lts-quantal \
     libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-quantal

and leave out the last two lines for servers (usually no graphics installed).

Here's how support will work for the stacks:

If your hardware is supported by 12.04.1, you can install the 12.04.1 it will be supported until 2017 with no extra effort on your part.
If you install from a later point release (due to requirements for newer hardware support, or for other reasons), your hardware stack will be upgraded in 2014 (approximately June) to the 14.04 hardware enablement stack.  The 14.04 enablement stack will then be supported on 12.04 installs until the 12.04 end of life, in April 2017.

If you want to remove it:

How to remove Kernel/LTS Enablement Stack?

More info:

Will Ubuntu point releases include a new Linux kernel?
http://www.jorgecastro.org/2013/02/19/what-the-lts-enablement-stack-means-for-sysadmins/


Imported OpenSSH keys are saved in Gnome2 keyring, not OpenSSH

You are right: it looks like imports in seahorse never go to the SSH storage area. (True in Ubuntu 14.04.)

Instead, just drop the key files in ~/.ssh and they show up by themselves in seahorse.

Any name seemed fine here, but you need to have the corresponding *.pub file there as well. You can generate the .pub file with

ssh-keygen -y -f key_file > key_file.pub

Note: When using ssh and you hit the bug with "Agent admitted failure to sign using the key." try a reboot. That worked here.


Can't open file attachment with Libreoffice snap

I have the same problem and the reason seems to be that the instant application is like freeoffice
(try "snap list" in a console to see them)
freeoffice 6.2.4.2 120 canonical stable - -

can not go to parent directories as if they did not have privileges.

However I gave full rights for the whithin directories to anybody..

Only solution I found is to move considerated files in directories that you can reach from "Open File menu"


I am using the site http://www.armhf.com for my pre-built images for a simpler BeagleBone Black and you might start there since the instructions are very simple and easy to follow. I don't have the xM hardware to test the 12.04-precise or 13.10-saucy images so there's no guarantee everything would work.

You could look at the pre-built images from http://www.elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Saucy_13.10 which was updated in mid December 2013 for your exact hardware if you prefer the instructions there and a more sure chance the image will support your BeagleBoard-xM.


Ubuntu 18.04 won't work with i9 9900k integrated graphics

Finally I installed Ubuntu Budgie 19.04 as @K7AAY recommended and all works fine.


CUPS print jobs on Ubuntu Server 16.04 received and "successful", but no actual printing

I had the same problem with HP LaserJet 1020. Removing printer-driver-gutenprint package solved the problem for me; it seems the current version is broken. You may also need to uninstall cups, clear /etc/cups/ directory and install cups again.


How do I report a bug when Launchpad fails?

Retry using step by step way:

(apport) Save the collected bug info locally

apport-cli -f -p PACKAGENAME --save FILENAME.apport

(lp) Open Launchpad in a browser, Register/Login and Make new bug report against related package.
(apport & lp) Upload the saved data to that new report

ubuntu-bug -c FILENAME.apport -u BUGNUMBER

(lp) Wait few minutes, then recheck if data were processed correctly into that report.

Reference: Ubuntu Help - Bug Reporting

If it fails in any step, submit a report directly to LP/Launchpad against tool between parentheses.


Install and launch   gnome-alsamixer , go to the second tab HDA INTEL PCH,
increase all "mic" , "mic boost",  "internal" and "capture"  faders level,
also verify faders "mute" state.


If we need processing of many files we may want to use ImageMagick command line tools convert or mogrify:

convert input.png -channel R -separate output.png

R is for red channel. Imagemagick also works on multiple files using wildcards or other channels (G,B ...).

The following command is for many files that would not fit into the RAM.
It will overwrite all existing image files in the current directory with a red channel greyscale. Do not work on originals!

mogrify * -channel R -separate *


It is just slow for network with less progress information in console. see reported issue #833:add status of downloading in lxd-images import


first do

 sudo mysql_install_db

 sudo mysql_secure_installation

 mysql -u root -p

then enter your password


For now you can put this command in /etc/rc.local.

service network-manager restart

In this way, every time you reboot/start PC NM will be started.


deb package dependency versions a bit useless?

You can use meta packages libboost-program-options-dev and libboost-log-dev.
They will pull the relevant  libboost-program_optionsx.xx.x.
So the depends line will look this way:
libboost-program-options-dev (>= 1.71), libboost-log-dev (>= 1.71)


Where is the "Default Wallpaper" wallpaper stored

I don't think this is a default wallpaper, or at least I don't have it.

You can get the location of your current wallpaper by executing gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri as an user who has set this wallpaper.

I've never heard of "dynamic wallpapers" in Ubuntu so I hope this method still works for you.


No longer able to boot stuck in busybox shell

The fact that you cannot boot both windows 7 and ubuntu doesnt sound promising - maybe you've lost part or all of your partition information on your hard-drive or at a minimum, your master boot record has become corrupted.

Try booting via a USB or live CD - using gparted, do you see all your partitions?

Using nautilus (file manager) - can you mount your hard-drive and see your files?

suggestion 1

If everything appears to look ok - suggest reinstalling your grub using this AU answer

suggestion 2
If your partitions look ok, try running a fsck on each of the ext partitions displayed in gparted as per this AU answer

suggestion 3
If your partitions look a little screwy or non-existent then try a disk recovery procedure as per this AU answer


I believe namebench does what you need. It is available in the repositories:

sudo apt-get install namebench

Read more: https://code.google.com/p/namebench/


I solved the problem, the solution is this: you already have wine installed on your Linux, if you wouldnt have wine you wouldnt be playng cs, you must ran configure wine aplication, there you have some options, then run graphics, check emulate virtual desktop, then you set a resolution 16:9 example 1360 x 765, then run cs, run options , video, the display mode isnt anymore greyed, you can now change it from normal to widscreen, when you change that options you run resolution and now you have 1360 x 765 available, whatever you did put, dont put some resolution in the configure wine which is bigest then the resolution of your monitor, the resolution you put must be in order with 16:9 list resolutions, hope this was usefull for your cs playing, see you people on some cs server, and enjoy while you are playing cs....See you... Caooooo. Pozzzzzzzdrav. Pozzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz from Serbia...


How can I not require root identification for editing files in certain directories?

To be able to change any file from the file manager, use:

sudo nautilus

To run it in the background use:

sudo nautilus &

To change the files so you always have access to them, right-click on each folder and click Properties then the Permissions tab and then change the permissions in the dropdown to your username instead of root. Make sure you can read and write to the directory. This isn't safe for most configuration files.

To be able to change only the thing you're working on, you should always launch a terminal for that user that can change just the things you need. That's what makes Linux safe. Esspecialy for a server (wwww). Then launch the GUI's from that user. (Like nautilus or the text editor). To be able to change the files in the www folder use:

sudo su - www-data -s /bin/bash (opens a new bash shell inside the shell with the www-data user)

From here you can do things like:

gedit &(this launches the gedit text editor in the background with which you can edit all file in the www folder. You can use any other editor. After this you can close the terminal if you don't want the debug info.)

If you made new files in the www folder with root, these files will have root as user and group, you should change these to www-data.

www-data could also be www or some other user.

The best way is still to copy, edit with normal user, backup and copy back with privillaged user and change permissions. But I can see why you'd not want to do that every time.


By default qt5 used xft instead of fontconfig how it was in qt4 version: https://bugreports.qt-project.org/browse/QTBUG-27106. Infinality patch is fix that for me.

Install infinality font patch:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:no1wantdthisname/ppa
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get upgrade
 sudo apt-get install fontconfig-infinality
Configure font config:

sudo bash /etc/fonts/infinality/infctl.sh setstyle
and select linux
In file /etc/profile.d/infinality-settings.sh change variable USE_STYLE from DEFAULT to UBUNTU: USE_STYLE="UBUNTU" (in my PC it's line #712)
Restart X server.

For more information see http://www.webupd8.org/2013/06/better-font-rendering-in-linux-with.html. I tested that on ubuntu 14.04.


How to list users with UIDs higher than 10?

You can parse the passwd database using awk. In the passwd format, each entry is a list of fields delimited by :, with the first field being the username and the third field being the UID. So, in awk, you could do:

getent passwd | awk -F: '$3 > 10 {print $1}'


Since you are running the command from the root of the juju project, you will want to omit the github.com/juju/juju part of the go install command.

go install -v ./...


How to change the color interface of Ubuntu?

Most likely that version of Ubuntu is using a custom theme. Browse ubuntuthemes.org and find a theme you like. Download the zip folder and paste the contents into ~/usr/share/themes.

You will need a program to set the theme. I recommend Gnome Tweak Tool. To install Gnome Tweak Tool open terminal and install it through apt:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Once installed run Gnome Tweak Tool and you should be able to select the theme you copied to ~/usr/share/themes in the drop down menus in the appearance tab.


On the command line, type:

  $ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre

OR

1) Goto http://www.java.com/en/download/linux_manual.jsp
2) Download the 64-bit package.

Installation:

Change to the directory in which you want to install. Type:

  cd <directory path name>

For example, to install the software in the /usr/java/ directory, Type:

  cd /usr/java/

Note about root access: To install Java in a system-wide location such as /usr/local, you must login as the root user to gain the necessary permissions. If you do not have root access, install Java in your home directory or a subdirectory for which you have write permissions.
Move the .tar.gz archive binary to the current directory.

Unpack the tarball and install Java:

  tar zxvf jre-7u7-linux-x64.tar.gz

The Java files are installed in a directory called jre1.7.0_07 in the current directory. In this example, it is installed in the /usr/java/jre1.7.0_07 directory. When the installation has completed, you will see the word Done.
Delete the .tar.gz file if you want to save disk space.


Install Ubuntu 13.10 daily builds on Nexus 7

How to install Ubuntu-Touch 13.10 (beta)

There are easy to follow instructions at: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Install

The builds can be found at:
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-touch/daily-preinstalled/


How do I make my Windows Media Center remote control work?

Install lirc (Linux Infrared Remote Control) and choose the generic "Windows Media Center Remote" configuration.

sudo apt-get install lirc

Set the transmitter to "none" and test the remote using irw.


Try putting it in a sub shell:

`echo test | mail -s "test mail" me@my.domain &`

it should do the job.

Also redirecting both stdout and stderr at the same time works for me:

echo test | mail -s "test mail" me@my.domain &> /dev/null &


Encryption of partition for dual boot setup

Partition the drive into three areas, all bootable.

First area, NTFS for your Windows 7.

Second area, for your Ubuntu 14.04.

Third area, (small), for a backup grub loader that allows both Windows and Ubuntu booting.

First, install Windows 7, and then Truecrypt (7.1a or earlier). Encrypt the windows partition with Truecrypt and create a Truecrypt rescue disk, and verify that you can boot from it and get to Windows.

Second, install Ubuntu 14.04 into the larger non NTFS partition. This WILL destroy the Windows boot loader, and you will not be able to boot Windows afterwards from the normal setup, but you will be able to boot Windows from the Truecrypt rescue disk, into the Truecrypt passphrase prompt.
(Don't bother with the'stealth' customized script where Truecrypt shows whatever 24 characters you choose, [e.g. 'Boot Error, No OS found' ], as it will be erased during Ububtu installation.)

Third, ( I haven't done this third part, as am not skilled enough ;-((  ),
Install a grub loader that has both Windows and Ubuntu boot loaders, into the third partition, and see if you can boot both Ubuntu and Windows from this third partition.
The Windows boot should get you to the Truecrypt passphrase prompt,

I have been successful with the first two parts but haven't been able to set up the third part.


Simply do (in terminal):

update-alternatives --list java

And you'll get an output like this:

michael@NEXUS-TWO:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/bamf$ update-alternatives --list java
/usr/bin/gij-5
/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java

The last line is the place your java is in.


I managed to fix this by updating Ubuntu from 20.04 to 20.1. Took couple of restarts and then somehow solaar worked.


Create bootable Ubuntu USB on a partition, instead of overwriting the entire USB drive

SIMPLE mkusb ISO Booter

It is easy to boot operating system ISO's on a modified mkusb flash drive.

Use mkusb to make a Persistent USB drive using a default OS of your choice, https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb

Make a folder in the usbdata partition sdx1, named ISOs.

Add the ISO('s) to be booted to this folder.

Add menuentries to /sdx3/boot/grub/grub.cfg to loopmount the ISO's.

Samples:

menuentry "Ubuntu-18.04 64-bit ISO" {
    set root=(hd0,1)
    set isofile="/ISOs/ubuntu-18.04-desktop-amd64.iso"
        loopback loop $isofile
        linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile splash --
        initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}

menuentry "GParted 64-bit ISO" {
    set root=(hd0,1)
    set isofile="/ISOs/gparted-live-0.31.0-1-amd64.iso"
    loopback loop $isofile
    linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live union=overlay username=user config components noswap noeject toram=filesystem.squashfs ip='' nosplash findiso=$isofile splash --
    initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}

menuentry "Clonezilla 64-bit ISO" {
    set root=(hd0,1)
    set isofile="/ISOs/clonezilla-live-2.5.5-38-amd64.iso"
    loopback loop $isofile
    linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live live-config nolocales edd=on nomodeset ocs_live_run=\"ocs-live-general\" ocs_live_extra_param=\"\"   ocs_live_keymap=\"\" ocs_live_batch=\"no\" ocs_lang=\"\" vga=788   ip=frommedia nosplash toram=filesystem.squashfs findiso=$isofile splash --
    initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}

If you don't need persistence you can delete the casper-rw partition.

You can keep or delete the ISO9660 partition.

The usbdata partition can be expanded or shrunk to suit.


Dual Boot Ubuntu and Windows on Two Separate Hard Drives

I am not sure if I understand correctly, but if you mean not having to re-install programs, I see several options:

Use Application Mover to migrate them from the HDD to the SSD before formatting Win 7 on the HDD.
Leave them where they are; (don't format Win 7* on the HDD), and run them from SSD through shortcuts.
Use portable applications versions when possible, and locate them on the HDD. Also install the application "PortableApps" with it's own Start Menu to access them like installed versions.
Install new programs (installer versions) on a folder in the HDD.. this may make them slightly slower (probably unnoticeable), but save you space on the SSD.
For your final question: When you install programs you most always get prompted to decide where you want them installed, so instead of C:\Program files, just change the drive letter to X:\Program files. If you leave Win 7 on the HDD intact, you can keep installing programs there, and the user start menu will go to the X:\Users\your user acct\Application Data\program name. A part of each installation goes to the Windows folder which can't be moved but it's a minimal part.

Leaving Win 7 on HDD intact, you can even keep using the same User Profile folder setting the same folder in the new installation, as the "Users" folder, or the User Profile folder. The larger temps are located in the user folder (C:\Users\Your user acct\Local Settings\Temp and Internet Temp files), the System temp files are in C:\WINDOWS\Temp but system temps are a lot less... and you can clean them regularly through Start\Run\type: "temp" and the System Temp folder opens.


All folder in Ubuntu are in /, called the root directory.
Every user has a folder (named as his username) in /home. You can reach your home with command cd ~ in a terminal, and other home directory with cd /home/username.

There is no installed directory, all programs are in a lots of directory, see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LinuxFilesystemTreeOverview#Main_directories for further information.


Cannot install grub due to "cannot stat `aufs'" error

The problem might be here:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/media/926afad4-4c2a-4f0f-8b2c-801e07c9ec26/boot **/dev/sda2**

The /dev/sda2, which is the second partition (the 2) on your first hard drive (the a), should just be /dev/sda, which refers to just to the hard drive as a whole.

When the computer starts, the BIOS will determine which device to boot from (based on your boot order settings). Should it be your first hard drive (/dev/sda), then the computer will look for a bootloader installed at the very beginning of the Master Boot Record (MBR), the first sector of the HDD. You're trying to install grub probably somewhere deep in the hard drive.

|--|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------|
^  ^                                       ^
|  |__ Start of 1st partition /dev/sda1    |__Start of 2nd partition /dev/sda2
|                                             where you're trying to install
|                                             grub
|
|__Start of hard drive, the MBR starts here, the bootloader should live in
   here, the partition tables as well, all before the first partition.

TL;DR change /dev/sda2 to /dev/sda


Configure WIreless Hotspot Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty

Ok. I assume you mean you are connecting into Ubuntu via a network cable and then want to use your wireless card to serve internet to other devices, sounds like you dont have a wireless router. This can actually be done pretty easily, not sure about other versions, but definitely in 14.04 and 14.10.

Disable WIFI and plug in an internet cable to your laptop so that your Ubuntu is connect to a wired internet and wireless is disabled.
Go to Network Icon on top panel -> Edit Connections …, then click the Add button in the pop-up window.
Choose Wi-Fi from the drop-down menu when you’re asked to choose a connection type

In next window

Type in a connection name. The name will be used later. We will call it hotspot as example.
Type in a SSID
Select mode: Infrastructure
Device MAC address: select your wireless card from drop-down menu.
Go to Wi-Fi Security tab, select security type WPA & WPA2 Personal and set a password.
Go to IPv4 Settings tab, from Method drop-down box select Shared to other computers.

When done, click the save button.

After above steps, a configuration file was created under /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections directory. File name is same to the connection name you typed in step 4.

Now press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open terminal. When it opens, paste the commands below and hit enter to edit the configuration file:

 nano /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/hotspot

Replace hotspot with the connection name you actually used

When the file opens, find the line

 mode=infrastructure

and change it to

 mode=ap.

Finally save the file.

When everything’s done, enable WIFI from Network Manager icon on the panel. It should automatically connect to the hotspot you created. If not, select “Connect to Hidden Wi-Fi Network …” and select it from the drop-down box.

You can now connect any other device via wireless, but the Ubuntu machine will need to keep it's wired connection.

Edit:I just seen you say your card does not support ap, so this probably will not work.

Works for me on my broadcom though


Installed ubuntu16.04 with apache2, created a website and the site php page not loading, but html is

In short
Install and configure PHP.
Longer
Please follow the instructions of your host.
The most relevant bit begins in Step 3 with the installation of the related packages:
sudo apt-get install php libapache2-mod-php php-mcrypt php-mysql

But please read the entire document carefully as it does contain additional important informations (regarding modules, testing etc)


How do I open Dolphin in a certain folder from the terminal?

Try this in the terminal: dolphin /usr/home/ (choose your own path). For more information, read the man page (also available online: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/hardy/man1/dolphin.1.html).


Can I change the vertical scaling independent from the horizontal scaling when using my Bamboo stylus in Relative mode?

After sending a message to the wacom developers mailing list:

The two settings used above can not resolve the issue. It is a
bug in X server/XInput.
The problem lies in the difference between x, y scales. We used to
unify the scale in wacom_drv.so when mapping and screen information
were considered inside the driver (in linuxwacom package). The
evidence of this work is still in the comments of xf86-input-wacom.
Refer to line 611 of wcmCommon.c[*]. However, the actual scale match
can not be fully implemented inside the driver any more since the new
factorX/Y does not have screen info.
Screen information and relative mode acceleration are pushed out into
X server. Mapping and scale unification should be processed by in X
server/Xinput too.
So, by design, the scale is unified so users can draw circles in
relative mode, without changing settings. - Ping Cheng (Full Email)

And then from Peter:

yeah, that's a bug in the server, this should be exposed by the ptraccel
code but it isn't yet. I've never found the time to properly investigate
where it's going wrong, but you can even see this behaviour when you add a
monitor - suddenly the acceleration factor goes up by a fair bit.
As Ping said, this cannot be fixed in the driver, we need the server to
handle this correctly. - Peter Hutterer (Full Email)

In conclusion, I think the best action is to report the bug and champion a developer to sort through the code to get a fix in place.


I just installed Ubuntu 14 for the first time and cannot get the wireless to work

If you have a wired connection, run in terminal

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

and Wi-Fi will work.

If you do not have a wired connection use THIS GUIDE.


Why doesn't apt-get autoremove remove my old kernels?

As to answer why , refer to the file /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove-kernels

As you can see, apt is told to never autoremove the kernels , as told by another (script) file, /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal. And here it is:

If you manually install 2 chosen kernels, ie the first and the current one, then apt-autoremove will only ever remove the older versions you didn't manually install, so you will always have those 2 options plus whatever the latest one is.

Update:

In the /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal there is this part:

if [ "$latest_version" != "$installed_version" ] \
   || [ "$latest_version" != "$running_version" ] \
   || [ "$installed_version" != "$running_version" ]
then
        # We have at least two kernels that we have reason to think the
        # user wants, so don't save the second-newest version.
        previous_version=
fi

So if you compare the output of 01autoremove-kernels file and uname -r you'll realize that the currently running kernel and the most recent before it, are kept to be never removed by that script. There turns out is another file /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove, where there is lines:

    APT
    {
      NeverAutoRemove
      {
            "^firmware-linux.*";
            "^linux-firmware$";
      };
  VersionedKernelPackages
  {
        # linux kernels
        "linux-image";
        "linux-headers";
        "linux-image-extra";
        "linux-signed-image";
        # kfreebsd kernels
        "kfreebsd-image";
        "kfreebsd-headers";
        # hurd kernels
        "gnumach-image";
        # (out-of-tree) modules
        ".*-modules";
        ".*-kernel";
        "linux-backports-modules-.*";
        # tools
        "linux-tools";
  };

So you could comment these out, and it will allow you to auto-remove the kernels with apt-autoremove, though remember - do this at your own risk


There is no Deluge packages on Quantal, as you can see on Launchpad's PPA page. To use Deluge, you need to edit the Deluge PPA entry to search packages for Precise in software-properties-gtk, changing the Distribution: field from quantal to precise:

After that, sudo apt-get update will show no errors about this repository.


Apt install hanging/Freezes when trying to run updates with no errors 17.10

For those having this issue - the problem was related to my NVidia drivers - this resolved the problem:

NOTE: Don't be dumb like me. I was like "Oh I'll just go disable them through the GUI Software manager and revert back to the Nouveau drivers temporarily!"

Since DPKG is stuck unable to install the packages - you're machine will never disable the NVidia drivers and if you reboot, you'll get an issue where you have to enter recovery mode - repair DPKG (can just select dpkg from the option and it'll do it automatically - as well as install the hung apps)

THEN - re-enable the NVidia drivers once you boot back into the OS and reboot.

TL;DR: Only disable the NVidia card through the NVidia control center.


Say your domain name is example.com and your webserver (secure) IP address is 1.2.3.4 and your email server (devrod.com) IP address is 5.6.7.8 then you can set the following records.

;MX record for example.com
example.com. some_ttl IN      MX    some_priority  mail.example.com

; A record for mail.example.com
mail.example.com.   some_ttl IN  A   5.6.7.8

; A record for example.com
example.com.   some_ttl IN  A   1.2.3.4

PS: Your system name has nothing to do with your MX records or A records. But make sure that you set your myhostname properly in your main.cf so that postfix need not guess it's name from system name.


How can I be notified of what music a friend is listening to?

I don't know about clementine, but both rhythmbox and banshee supports this kind of integration with a plugin. I don't use both banshee, rhythmbox or clementine but as far as I remember I think rhythmbox and banshee have instant messenger integration plugin in their preference. If you can't find it:

here is status plugin for banshe

here is status plugin for rhythmbox

Edit: see this thread on rhythmbox and IM status


Laptop Speakers Not Working But Headphones Fine

For anyone else having these sorts of audio issues, I fixed my problem as follows:

It turns out a lot of these issues are caused by false data being passed from the BIOS to ALSA, e.g. in my case the BIOS was communicating to ALSA that headphones were plugged in, when they were not. This miscommunication needs to be overridden.

Firstly install ALSA tools gui:

sudo apt install alsa-tools-gui

A number of links will appear in the multimedia tab of your menu. Select the link named HDAJackRetask, when the gui opens select the appropriate codec and override the erroneous BIOS messages with what you require. See attached image.


How to find out which interface name to use?

You can run ip link to see all of the network interfaces in the guest and find out what the name of the interface currently is.
The name of the interface should always be the same for any particular version of Proxmox, but if you update Proxmox, then guest interface names in newly created guests might change.
The interface name is set by consistent network device naming, and refers to the location of the virtual NIC on the virtual PCI Express (or PCI for old i440fx guests) bus. QEMU decides where to put the interface when it first creates each VM. You can see this information by running lspci in the guest.
For example:
00:18.0 Ethernet controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio network device

This interface will be given the name enp0s18 (on older kernels it will instead be ens18).
01:06.0 Ethernet controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio network device (rev 01)

This interface will be given the name enp1s6.


debootstrap or virt-install Ubuntu Server Maverick fails

This command worked for me:

sudo lxc-create -n my-vm -t ubuntu

but I didn't generally find that lxc was very mature.  Using kvm:

vm-builder kvm ubuntu

Perhaps the simplest solution is: download an Ubuntu ISO, run virt-manager, create a VM through the GUI, attach the ISO to the CD drive, then boot it and install in the usual way.


The system network services are not compatible with this version Ubuntu 14.04 problem to degradate libnl

I had this issue with a VMware guest.  The root cause is that I had the trusty-proposed repository enabled.  I personally won't do that again.  My resolution was to re-install.  An option I took as it was a test virtual.  As I understand it, a fix for a physical machine would be to sneakernet across the previous deb files to roll back the upgrade that broke your networking and sudo dpkg -i to install them.


Reboot with an OSX installation disc or Recovery HD
Start the Terminal
Issue the command "# /usr/sbin/nvram SystemAudioVolume=%01"


You can use that bar as any other dock, forcing not expanding the bar:

dconf write /org/gnome/shell/extensions/dash-to-dock/extend-height false

then change the position to “down” using the dock settings in Ubuntu. You can use your apps from the 9 dot menu in the dock and the activities button in more natural way…

Side bar as normal dock:


Internal server Error while accessing a php page in apache2

You seem to have an error in your PHP File, a PHP Info file should be:

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

<? id depreciated as per this https://stackoverflow.com/a/200666

php_info() is an incorrect function name  (unless you have coded this yourself), and should have a closing semi-colon (http://php.net/manual/en/function.phpinfo.php)


Why is xorg-edgers PPA not updated with nvidia-current?

1- the question is pin-priority
2- to overcome this we have to

gksu gedit /etc/apt/preferences

in the file that opens add the following rule

Package: *
Pin: origin ppa.launchpad.net
Pin-Priority: 700

May fix it has some issues with a different ppa.


Is there an app similar to RevoUninstaller on Windows and AppCleaner on OS X?

This comes down to the way you install the software.

If you install the software through a package manager (Debian package management system in Ubuntu), removing the software through the package manager will most likely be enough to clean up. Please note that with APT (a frontend to dpkg, which in turn is the base of the Debian package management system), to remove the software and it's configuration, you need to purge it, not remove it.

When installing software with make install, it's recommended to use checkinstall instead. See the Ubuntu wiki page about checkinstall for more information. You can then remove the software using dpkg or the GUI of your choice (e.g. Synaptic).


What you describe is standard behavior on a US Keyboardlayout. Moreover, the mapping of the arrows should be the same even on windows (I have a microsoft keyboard that even has the arrows printed on the respective Numpad keys.

NumLock is not supposed to turn the Numpad off, it is supposed to toggle its behavior.


Packard Bell TS11HR touchpad scroll gesture doesn't work

In the "Mouse and touchpad" settings menu there is a "Two finger scroll" option that is now enabled by default. Disabling it shall turn the scrolling behavior back to right side.


Is there (or will be) a U1 referrals program?

There is currently no such a program, and I'm not aware of any that is being planned. You may feel free to suggest it on Ubuntu Brainstorm, however.


You need to tell it which display to use with the export command. I also would recommend always using the full path to a file with cron. It will save you a lot of headaches, as cron runs in a limited environment, so it doesn't always have the same $PATH variable as your terminal. This means it doesn't always know where programs are located.

At any rate, your cron job would look something like this:

@hourly export DISPLAY=:0.0 && /usr/bin/xlogo


how to completely remove cairo dock and reinstall it

I installed it, on my system just to see how it works, and I removed it.  This how I did it:

To completely remove Cairo dock, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get purge cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins && sudo apt-get autoremove

And to install:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cairo-dock-team/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins

Also if you have Synaptic Package Manager installed, you can search for cairo-dock, and unckeck cairo-dock and cairo-dock-plug-ins.

You can go back to the USC, and remove Cairo Dock.

I just tried it on another machine, and tried the first command, install it form the USC it, and it was removed.

If it starts in maintenance mode, then do this:

Quit Cairo-Dock
Remove this:

~/.config/cairo-dock/

Launch Cairo-Dock in a terminal with :

cairo-dock -o

If you have the maintenance mode again, can you launch Cairo-Dock with

cairo-dock -ol debug

and post the output

One last thing.  Install synaptic package manager if you don't have it installed.  You can install it by just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install synaptic

Once installed launch it from dash, and when it opens search for Cairo

Highlight all Cairo entries

Right click, and choose Mark for Complete Removal


Gnome 3.22 dual monitor with workspaces only on primary. Changing workspaces moves the workspace over second monitor.

You can change this behavior by editing the option in gconf. See this blog for details.


Try:

awk -F'$' '{print $2}' <<<"$str"

or if you don't want a space from the beginning try:

awk -F'xyz' '{print FS $2}' <<<"$str"

where the input string is stored in str variable as following:

str="prashant@prashant:~/Desktop$ xyz /123/ {print } abc.txt"

Explanation;

The -F'$' defines the Field Separator to $
The print $2 prints the second filed $2 with $ as field separator between them.
The FS in second command will prints the entry of Field Separator which is defined to xyz.


Why some function definitions appears in italic font in qt creator?

As far as I know, QtCreator makes functions italic that are either

Virtual methods (e.g. "virtual void foo();" ), or
methods that are derived from a base class and then overridden in the child class (however, i'm not sure if it only happens if they are derived "virtual", or if there are other corner cases where overridden methods are not italic).


How to grant non-root user access only to /var/log directory

Method 1 :

Permission to view log files is granted to users being in the group adm.

sudo usermod -aG adm <USER>

Method 2 :

Use logrotate

logrotate manual

  create mode owner group
  Immediately after rotation (before the postrotate script is run) the log file is created (with the same name as the log file just rotated). mode specifies the mode for the log file in octal (the same as chmod(2)), owner specifies the user name who will own the log file, and group specifies the group the log file will belong to. Any of the log file attributes may be omitted, in which case those attributes for the new file will use the same values as the original log file for the omitted attributes. This option can be disabled using the nocreate option.

Usage :

/var/log/messages {
....
        create 444 user group
....
}

Method 3 :

Just tail it man! Tail whatever log you need.

tail -f /var/log/messages.log

I'll use the 3rd method. Because, I'm lazy. (zzzzzz)


Why did Canonical drop support for Gimp and how to recover from it?

That GIMP is no longer supported by Canonical doesn't mean it won't be available in Ubuntu's repositories. It will be, but not in the main section, instead, in the universe section.

What's the difference between multiverse, universe, restricted and main?
How do I enable the "Universe" repository?

From the package index:

  Package gimp

  precise (12.04LTS) (graphics): The GNU Image Manipulation Program
  2.6.12-1ubuntu1.3 [security]: amd64 i386
  2.6.12-1ubuntu1 [ports]: armhf powerpc
  precise-updates (graphics): The GNU Image Manipulation Program
  2.6.12-1ubuntu1.3: amd64 armhf i386 powerpc
  trusty (14.04LTS) (graphics): The GNU Image Manipulation Program
  2.8.10-0ubuntu1: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 powerpc ppc64el
  wily (graphics): The GNU Image Manipulation Program
  2.8.14-1ubuntu2: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 powerpc ppc64el
  xenial (graphics): The GNU Image Manipulation Program [universe]
  2.8.16-1ubuntu1: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 powerpc ppc64el s390x
  yakkety (graphics): The GNU Image Manipulation Program [universe]
  2.8.16-1ubuntu1: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 powerpc ppc64el s390x

"The community" is anyone not paid by Canonical to work on Ubuntu: the army of volunteers who work on Ubuntu (basically most people who contribute to the development of Ubuntu).

Contribute to the Ubuntu Community
How can I contribute to Ubuntu?

Software in main is either software that's shipped on Ubuntu's official released ISOs, or crucial software that Canonical developers feel they can or should support for the duration of the release (5 years for LTS). GIMP was dropped from Ubuntu's ISOs in 10.04, and I'm amazed it remained in main for 6 years after that. Probably whoever maintained it in Canonical moved on to other projects.


Download the deb file for ubuntu 12.04  from this link

Download Skype on your computer - Windows, Mac, and Linux - Get Skype

Then issue dpkg command to install

sudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu-precise_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb

you may miss some dependencies so issue this command

sudo apt-get -f install


How do I delete a partiton and allocate the space to my main Ubuntu partition?

Right click on /dev/sda6, and select delete. Then right click on sda1 and select resize/move. increase the storage until there is no free space following it. click resize/move and then click on the tick in the top of gparted.


How to use the Linux Foundation's PreLoader?

Setting up PreLoader

Find and mount your EFI system partition and backup its contents. Some files may be manufacturer specific and cannot be restored by reinstalling Windows.

In a working UEFI Ubuntu installation it is mounted as /boot/efi/ and at least contains a folder named EFI. From the platform perspective (your computer) this folder is \EFI\ during the boot stage. ( /media/my_efi_system_partition/EFI = \EFI\ )

Copy or rename which ever EFI loader you want to use to \EFI\BOOT\loader.efi. Some loaders like gummiboot need to be configured properly.
Copy PreLoader.efi to \EFI\BOOT\bootx64.efi and HashTool.efi to the same directory.

You can find more detailed explanations over at Rod Smith's site.

Using HashTool

If you followed the instructions carefully and have Secure Boot enabled, you should be greeted by the following screens upon next boot, which guide you through enrolling the hash of the unsigned loader that would otherwise break the chain of trust.

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                            Failed to start loader                            │
│                                                                              │
│          It should be called loader.efi (in the current directory)           │
│                     Please enrol its hash and try again                      │
│                                                                              │
│                I will now execute HashTool for you to do this                │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                     ┌────┐                                   │
│                                     │ OK │                                   │
│                                     └────┘                                   │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                                Select Binary                                 │
│                                                                              │
│               The Selected Binary will have its hash Enrolled                │
│            This means it will Subsequently Boot with no prompting            │
│    Remember to make sure it is a genuine binary before Enroling its hash     │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                            ┌─────────────────────┐                           │
│                            │     Enroll Hash     │                           │
│                            │ Reboot to UEFI Menu │                           │
│                            │    Reboot System    │                           │
│                            │        Exit         │                           │
│                            └─────────────────────┘                           │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                                Select Binary                                 │
│                                                                              │
│               The Selected Binary will have its hash Enrolled                │
│            This means it will Subsequently Boot with no prompting            │
│    Remember to make sure it is a genuine binary before Enroling its hash     │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                ┌──────────────┐                              │
│                                │     ../      │                              │
│                                │  loader.efi  │                              │
│                                │ HashTool.efi │                              │
│                                │ bootx64.efi  │                              │
│                                └──────────────┘                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                      Enroll this hash into MOK database?                     │
│                                                                              │
│                               File: \loader.efi                              │
│     Hash: 8D1B74227CB2EE6B23B829595B761BAA34D171337F70D44ABF542D5318BDBA08   │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                     ┌─────┐                                  │
│                                     │ No  │                                  │
│                                     │ Yes │                                  │
│                                     └─────┘                                  │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
│                                                                              │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘


How to tune /etc/fstab for HDD read performance in ubuntu servers?

This is an XY problem. There is no solution in changing /etc/fstab. The purpose of this file is simply to define where partitions are, what their names are (UUID) and what pseudonyms they are given such as /, /boot, /home, /data, /mnt/windows10, etc.

If you want to speed up HDD access the best method is with lots of RAM and populating it with data from disk. For example assume you have a file /data/popluar_file.db which is 4 GB and you want to put it into RAM. Use:

cat /data/popular_file.db > /dev/null

RAM should be reduced by 4 GB but file access into it will be 100 times faster.


A few things. On the splash screen for your bios (very first screen) there may be an option to press a key to enter the boot menu. If there is, ensure to press the respective key to enter your boot menu.

If that does not exist you may need to go into the Bios itself (that spot you mentioned that has a bunch of enable/disable options) Somewhere in there there will be a screen that gives you the option of moving drives into order of preferance that it boots from. Ensure CD/DVD drive is a head of your harddrive. Save your settings and restart and it should then give you an option to boot from the DVD.

As for the USB, without having a boot menu that you can access from that first splash screen - it may actually be harder to boot from the USB device as not all BIOS support have the option in the device boot list for USB drives.


UEFI boot not working afte succesful install - Ubuntu 15.10

Your Boot Repair output looks correct, at least at first glance. Chances are the firmware on your computer is defective. I recommend you try going to the manufacturer's site and updating the firmware. (The manufacturer probably calls the firmware a "BIOS," although technically it isn't a BIOS.) If that fails, I recommend you return the motherboard and buy a new one from a different manufacturer, since you shouldn't be accepting defective merchandise. (Note that the defect is something that would be in all motherboards of that model with the same firmware version; I'm not talking about a sample-specific manufacturing defect.) If you return the computer, be sure to tell the manufacturer why you did so. They'll keep delivering junk if people keep accepting it; and if you don't tell them why you returned junk, they won't know what needs fixing.

If you really MUST keep that motherboard, you can work around the problem as follows:

Boot an Ubuntu emergency disk.
Mount /dev/sda1 somewhere convenient -- say, /mnt.
Type sudo cp -r /mnt/EFI/ubuntu /mnt/EFI/BOOT.
Type sudo mv /mnt/efi/BOOT/shimx64.efi /mnt/efi/BOOT/bootx64.efi.

This procedure copies the boot loader to the fallback filename, which the firmware should launch when it fails to launch it under the name registered in NVRAM. This workaround, however, means that GRUB updates (that is, updates to GRUB, not updates to GRUB's configuration) won't be fully installed unless you repeat these steps.


Another good alternative to Windows Movie Maker is OpenShot which has more features than pitivi but still manages to have a simple, easy to use interface. A good program for writing videos to DVD (With support for titles and menus) is DeVeDe.

Both of these applications are available to install from the Ubuntu Software Centre.


Maybe worth to try the file ~/.config/enchant/en_GB.dic. I believe that this would be the standard place for Kile to put your personal additions to the dictionary (of course replace en_GB with your relevant language/country code). It's a simple text-file, so just delete the line that contains the wrong word.


How to get trackpad working on Surface Pro 3 with 16.04

A snippet from Nick Weinberg's link seems to have done the trick.

Entering this into terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/tigerite/kernel/ubuntu trusty main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tigerite-kernel-trusty.list
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 984AE706D31B333A && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-surface


A Single wireless network is not showing up in Ubuntu that used too, and other devices have no issue finding or connecting to it

I had a similar problems a few weeks ago in a friends house. The problem was that the router was using channel 13 and by default the drivers didn't allow this. I make him change the channel and it started working again. But i think there is a way to allow this channels in the driver.


Ubuntu 13.04 detects only 2 out of 4 cores

i had a similar problem on my Acer Aspire 5750G laptop (Intel Core i5-5410M and NVidia). i saw only 2 cores in System Monitor, and those 2 cores were about 80 Celsius hot (and a lot of other problems)

i learned that my NVidia, and its Optimus technology caused all of my problem.

after i disabled the the graphic card in the bios, and booted with removing acpi=off, all 4 cpus were visible, and the temperatures became acceptable (about 50 c, just like in windows7)

i found the solution here

i hope this helps.


I need to use sed/awk to get desired output

You can use
sed -nr 's/Order:([0-9]+),.*[,\|]38=([0-9]+)[,\|].*/Orderid-\1 38= \2/p' file | tee file2

Then
sed -nr 's/.*[,\|]11=([0-9]+)[,\|].*/Clientid=\1/p' file | tee file3

Then
paste -d ' ' file2 file3

You get your output on stdout - redirect as you please.
I can't get it in one line (although someone obviously can) since the 11= and 38= fields could be in either order - I have to read the file twice. You could roll it into a script like this:
#!/bin/bash
sed -nr 's/Order:([0-9]+),.*[,\|]38=([0-9]+)[,\|].*/Orderid-\1 38= \2/p' "$1" > file2
sed -nr 's/.*[,\|]11=([0-9]+)[,\|].*/Clientid=\1/p' "$1" > file3
paste -d ' ' file2 file3 > outfile
rm file2 file3

(this cleans up the files we write in the process and writes the final output to a file outfile)
Usage:

paste the script into an empty file and save it
give it execute permission: chmod u+x script
run it with the name of your input file as argument: ./script file
change file2 and file3 in the script if you have existing files with those names in the current directory!

Explanation

s/old/new replace old with new
-r use ERE
-n don't print until we ask (this is just going to take out empty lines)
[,\|] match , OR literal |
([0-9]+) some digits to save for later
\1 backreference to saved pattern
tee write to a file and print to stdout too so you can check it
> somefile redirect output to somefile instead of stdout
paste -d ' ' file2 file3 paste columns of file3 after columns of file2 using a space as delimiter.
rm file2 file3 delete file2 and file3


How to access Ubuntu var/www using nginx server

At a guess I will say that maybe you're trying to use php-fpm and it's not currently running, so nginx can't connect to the socket.

try this and then restart nginx

sudo apt install php-fpm