Why does Ubuntu Pastebin download-as-text link require an UbuntuOne login?

The reasoning behind requiring a login is described in bug 784485. From the link:

This is being marked as won't fix, because this is a feature, not a bug. The pastebin was being abused as a way to host objectionable content, iirc and this feature was implemented to stop that.
[...]
Ralph, sadly, you are right. It is unfortunate that the abuse made us limit the features. There are other services that allow what you need. It is probably best to use that.

So the Ubuntu Pastenbin was being used by spammers and such, which is why it now requires a login in order to view the plaintext.
The only alternative would be to use a different pastebin service, or somehow extract the desired text from the HTML version (Using e.g. grep or sed).


I'm going to take a guess and postulate that your files (developed in Windows) are in DOS (CRLF) format.

That will interfere with the shebang, failing with not-so-clear messages:

$ ./my_script.pl
: No such file or directory

See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3569997/view-line-endings-in-a-text-file on how to verify your line endings.

For example:

bash-4.1$ cat -v my_script.pl
#!/usr/bin/env perl^M
^M
print "Hello World\n";^M
^M

Then there are different tools (e.g. dos2unix or fromdos) that will help you to convert your text files to proper unix line-ending.

After conversion:

$ cat -v my_script.pl
#!/usr/bin/env perl

print "Hello World\n";

And you will be able to execute them:

$ chmod 755 my_script.pl
$ ./my_script.pl
Hello World


How to mantain an ubuntu server without the "-updates" release

In short:

Only comment out the -updates entries in your sources.list. Or pin down them.

Not too short:

Seems that you want to mess up a bit with your pinning preferences. If you want to you could set that if you need to install a package from a no -updates repository, you could set the main repository to >1000 pin priority. This will tell apt-get to downgrade if necessary the packages to get them from this version:

  Note that a priority above 1000 will allow even downgrades no matter the version of the prioritary package. This means that you can use priority 1001 for a stable source if you want to downgrade to the stable versions of the packages you have installed (let's say from testing) on the system.

As example lets see my own apt-pinning preferences:

cat /etc/apt/preferences.d/pinning
Package: iceweasel*
Pin: release a=experimental
Pin-Priority: 1990

apt-cache policy iceweasel
iceweasel:
  Installed: 25.0~a2+20130830004004-1~bpo70+1
  Candidate: 25.0~a2+20130906004001-1
  Package pin: 25.0~a2+20130906004001-1
  Version table:
     25.0~a2+20130906004001-1 1990
        500 http://mozilla.debian.net/ experimental/iceweasel-aurora i386 Packages
 *** 25.0~a2+20130830004004-1~bpo70+1 1990
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     17.0.8esr-2 1990
        500 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ testing/main i386 Packages

As you can see, apt will prefer that the package iceweasel comes from the experimental branch instead of the testing and if it's necessary it will downgrade the package to comply with this preference.


'Prefix not set' error showing, when trying to install 12.04

Verify that you have downloaded the correct ISO CD by using their MD5/SHA1 checksums. I know this is quite obvious, but is the source of trouble in most cases.


My standard commands when trying to fix packages:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get check
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get update


Ubuntu 15.04 PlayOnLinux Evernote can't edit notes

Have you tried installing internet explorer 8 ?

It seems to fix the editing issue

from WineHQ


Bash command line gets compressed for long lines

Different shells implement this differently and the options are named differently

bash has ability to unset horizontal scroll mode in side .inputrc like so

set horizontal-scroll-mode On

dash does it by default , but I've found no indication of an option to turn it on/off in the man page

ksh has set -o multiline option for that, while its derivative mksh  does not seem to have any option.

The ability to unset it is always available through use of \ character. To un-wrap long lines type in \ and immediately press Enter. Don't add additional space or other chars - hit \, hit Enter.


Youtube plugin in Totem first loads and then plays the video?

I don't use Totem with that plugin, but I don't think that is normal, because I develop an extension for Firefox, called FlashVideoReplacer, that loads YouTube videos with other plugins or standalone players and it doesn't require the video to be fully loaded before playing it. Give it a try. Please read the compatibility notes. I recommend using gecko-mediaplayer and smplayer.


Error with trying to compile with make.(This also includes a snapshot after doing apt-get update)

You have two problems here:

You do not have public keys to some repositories. This means that your package manager considers these repositories to be insecure. This website should help you retrieve the keys and update your apt database.
Your computer can not connect to one repository. There are many possible reasons to this. It might be due to wrong network settings on your machine, or the repository might be down, or...


Why can't wireless connection be enabled on my Sony Vaio E-Series laptop?

Append this line to file /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

blacklist acer_wmi

and your wireless will getup soon.


With plan to upgrade to 16.04, 15.10 is better or 14.04 or the 16.04 beta?

They're all equally as easy to upgrade to 16.04.

14.04 is LTS, so by default it only tells you about upgrades to other LTS versions, which come out every two years. 16.04 is an LTS version, so you should be prompted to 16.04, either on its release date (the 21st) or when 16.04.2 is released some time later.
15.10 is not LTS, so it prompts you to install any new version of Ubuntu that comes out. 15.10 is the version right before 16.04, so it will be a direct upgrade when 16.04 is released.
I believe that the 16.04 beta will just transition into full 16.04 through updates. It may or may not say it wants to upgrade to a new version of Ubuntu, as it technically isn't. This might be the easiest upgrade path, but there's one problem.

Since 16.04 is still in beta, we cannot help you with any specific problems you may have before the final release on the 21st of April. The most we can do is redirect you to Launchpad to file a bug report.

For this reason, I suggest you hold off on installing 16.04 beta. The choice is yours between 14.04 and 15.10, but I'll give you some pointers to help make that choice.

If your computer is relatively old (late 2013 or earlier), you're safe sticking with 14.04, and it might be the best option.
If your computer is pretty new (some time after mid 2014), you may want to consider installing 15.10.

Remember, though, 15.10's default behavior of prompting to install every new version of Ubuntu will carry through to the 16.04 update, meaning you'll be asked to upgrade to 16.10 when it comes out and so on.

If you install 14.04 and upgrade it to 16.04, it will only next prompt you (by default, you can change it) to upgrade when 18.04 is released.


Batch convert multiple screenshots in PNG to JPG

imagemagick

You can use mogrify (or convert) from imagemagick

To install it, use the following command:

sudo apt install imagemagick

Then go to the folder with the PNGs and:

mogrify -format jpg *.png

Notes

You could also rm *.png
Also useful to convert all to a single PDF: mogrify *.jpg naughtyphotos.pdf
Format shouldn't be an impediment to print your photos.
You may also want to remove all the EXIF metadata content.
Another way is with ufraw-batch
Related: Converting lots of images in pdf-format to jpg-format


By installing GNOME Flashback (from terminal):

sudo apt-get install gnome-flashback

That will give you back GNOME Flashback (Compiz) and GNOME Flashback (Metacity) sessions in your login screen.


Remove old kernel packages (leave the latest one or two). I'd suggest something like Synaptic for this and you want to search the Installed section for linux-image and linux-headers.

The linux-image and linux-headers for each kernel version combines to about 200MB of disk space. On an old system that has gone through a lot of updates, this can easily give you back a few gigabytes of space.


Ubuntu stopped booting after apt upgrade - Bluetooth hci0, command timeout Failed to send firmware data

I had to uninstall with:
sudo apt remove --purge --auto-remove bluez


How can I view the history of a source file from apt-get source?

From reading man apt-get, you could use the source pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]... syntax to install the versions you want, then use recursive diff. See man apt-get;man diff


How to set up default permissions for files

Disclaimer: As some users have commented, automatically creating files with executable permissions breaks a significant part of the Linux security model.

That said there is a way to achieve what you want, on the command line and to limit which users can do this.

You could write a function to create the file and modify the permissions at the same time. This function should be added to each users .bashrc file. This file can be found at /home/username/.bashrc.

Here's an example to make a function called createafile,
The lines to add would be:

createafile() {
if [[ -z $1 ]]; then
  echo "Cannot create a file with no name!"
  return 1
elif [[ -e $1 ]]
  echo "That file already exists!"
  return 1
elif [[ $2 = -* ]]; then
  echo "Permissions must not start with a '-'!"
  return 1
fi
touch $1
if [[ -z $2 ]]; then
  perms=764
else
  perms=$2
fi
chmod $perms $1
}

Once this is written into a user's .bashrc file, they must log out and back in before it can be used. The function can be called on the command line like so.

createafile newfile.txt

Which will create the file with your default octal permissions of 764, or -rwxrw-r--. Alternatively if you want to specify a different permission mode you can enter this in any recognised format for the chmod command. So to make a file with read/write permission for everyone

createafile anotherfile.txt 555

or

createafile anotherfile.txt a+rw

This function will complain and exit if the file already exists, or if you don't enter a filename. The function will not work if the user doesn't have the appropriate directory permissions to write the file or change permissions.

There's a line in the function that stops users entering a chmod option accidentally. This does mean that you can't use the permission removal functionality of chmod where the permissions start with a - character.


Running Canon 120 LiDE scanner on Ubuntu 14.04

Now the canon LiDE 120 runs on Ubuntu 14.04 and tested in 16.04 as well, for this you have to do the following:

To add the SANE PPA so that you have the latest version of SANE (proposed)
or for (backport), check out the following links
https://launchpad.net/~rolfbensch/+archive/ubuntu/sane-release and

https://launchpad.net/~rolfbensch/+archive/ubuntu/sane-git accordingly.

And now open your terminal and type

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rolfbensch/sane-release

then run

$ sudo apt update

then (assuming the user has the sane and all sane libraries installed) do a full-upgrade by

$ sudo apt full-upgrade

If you do not have sane and all its libraries installed then install it by executing the following.

$ sudo apt -y install sane libsane libsane-common sane-utils libsane-extras

Now your scanner should work with any frontends like simple-scan or gscan2pdf.

or you can compile sane-backend from the latest source, for that you can follow https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CompileSaneFromSource.
and it will help your system recognizing your device https://help.ubuntu.com/community/sane, and the current sourcecode is hosted here https://gitlab.com/sane-project/backends


What does this "... | ps `cat`" command do?

xprop ... | sed ... is executed first, then cat reads its output. Due to the use of backticks, the output of cat is substituted in ps `cat` such that the command becomes ps 1000.

An alternative command that leads to the same result is:

ps $(xprop _NET_WM_PID | cut -d= -f2)

This works as follows:

Execute xprop _NET_WM_PID to retrieve the process ID of a window. After clicking a window, it outputs something like:

_NET_WM_PID(CARDINAL) = 12345

Split at the = and take the second field. cut -d= -f2 takes the _NET_WM_PID(CARDINAL) = 12345 string from standard input and writes 12345 to standard output.
Finally run the ps command with $(...) substituted for the output of ..., the command that gets executed is ps  12345. (side note: `...` can also be used instead of $(...), though there are some differences)


set up client to use local dns server in my local network

I believe you would want the client (1.100) to use your server (1.129) as its primary DNS server.  The server should also know how to resolve additional addresses (eg forwarders), so in essence, it's the only DNS server than your client needs to know about.

Multiple guides available on setting up DNS/bind.  I've been partial to the guides from Digital Ocean as they are written for Ubuntu.  Look at the section to 'Configure Options File', specifically the part about forwarders.

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-configure-bind-as-a-private-network-dns-server-on-ubuntu-14-04


Removed network-manager, reinstall offline with .deb files?

You can install .deb files offline by following command

sudo dpkg -i <path of .deb package/packages>

or You can put .deb files in one folder and install all .deb packages at once.

cd <location of folder where .deb files are>
sudo dpkg -i *.deb


Try this solution:

echo "ttf-mscorefonts-installer msttcorefonts/accepted-mscorefonts-eula select true" | debconf-set-selections
apt-get install -y ttf-mscorefonts-installer

(automatic approve license agreement)


DNS resolving of localhost subdomains stopped working after resolvconf update

The problem was having resolveconf installed at all alongside systemd-resolved. I removed it by apt-get purge resolvconf with root rights. Then everything worked again.

I assume having both installed was a left-over from some previous major version update between Ubuntu releases, which now triggered this strange behaviour.


I need some help with the Windows installer

In windows, hit 'start', then 'run', and type in msconfig and press enter. Click on the boot tab on top of the window that opens up, and look through those settings. One of them might be disabling the boot manager.

I'm pretty new too, so I hope this helps!


Alternative Open Source software to GFI end point security

Try Endpoint Protecter. According to their website:

The Endpoint Protector 4 Web administration and reporting console offers you a complete overview of the device activity on your computers, whether you work with Windows, Mac or Linux platforms. You will be able to define access policies per user/computer/device and authorize devices for certain user or user groups. Thus, your company will stay productive while maintaining control over the device fleet use.

http://www.endpointprotector.com/products/endpoint_protector#1


You have burn the downloadable .iso file of the desired Ubuntu version onto an empty disc.

BurningIsoHowto – Tutorial on disc burning


You must use LTS release for canonical-livepatch.

  Want to apply critical kernel security fixes without rebooting your system? The Canonical Livepatch Service for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS reduces planned or unplanned downtime while maintaining compliance and security Canonical Livepatch Service


The script in that answer just downloads the font, moves it into the system's font directory and updates the cache. The relevant commands here are

sudo mv Monaco_Linux.ttf /usr/share/fonts/truetype/custom/

and

sudo fc-cache -f -v

In order to remove the font, just delete it:

sudo rm /usr/share/fonts/truetype/custom/Monaco_Linux.ttf

If the font is not gone after a restart of the program you're using, force a complete rebuild of the font cache:

sudo fc-cache -r -v


Ubuntu 12.04 WiFi wpa 2 connected to router but Can only be accessed by ssh

There is nothing problem in your system configuration. reconfigure your router . Please check dhcp and make sure that your internet connection is shared.


Ubuntu 18.04 Server with FluxBox X and python app

The exec fluxbox should be the last line in the startup file.
Maybe try changing it to:

 ...
 /home/user/KivyProject/run &
 exec fluxbox


Removing Google Drive option in Dolphin network menu

According to How to mount Google Drive in KDE’s Dolphin file manager:

  kio-gdrive is available as a package in several Linux distributions. If installed, the Dolphin file manager will get an entry “Google Drive” under “Network”.

If I right-click on the Google Drive entry, there's a context menu apparently allowing for deleting it:

But that doesn't work:

However, running sudo apt purge kio-gdrive does the job:


How do I install windows vista home premium onto ubuntu

You can run a virtual installation of this and other operating systems by installing Virtual Box. Here is the online user manual.

You shouldn't have too much trouble using it once it is installed. If you have problems or specific questions related to doing this, please start a new thread with a clear title.


Is there a program which can assign whole words as shortcuts?

Try looking into

autokey

If it doesn't work out for you, you should consider using the keyword "macro" for future searches or asking a question


How to disable autologout for idle session in Ubuntu 20.04LTS server

You can modify it off on below item:

Setting > Privacy > Screen Lock > Automatic Screen Lock (Off)
Automatic Screen Lock (Off).

Then you should work fine with your wish.


Yes. Encryption is done as an extra layer between the disk and the OS.
One thing you do need to take into account: you really should use the same software version en encryption tools the encryption is done with. If your Ubuntu 20.04 crashes and you install Ubuntu 18.04 (so a lower version) the encryption software might have used new features not available in 18.04.

Let's assume that for any reason the installation boot hdd would crash and I would need to replace it.

Encryption is not a replacement for backups even if you have problems restoring a system from an encrypted disk you will always have backups.
Set your system up such that you 100% split it into a system disk and user disk where the user disk holds every change you make to the system disk. Create a script that copies those backups files to the original location.
Result of this: New system disk -> Install Ubuntu -> Run script -> Done.
Not just handy to replace crashed system disks but also makes transitioning to a new Ubuntu version (ie 18 -> 20 -> 22) a breeze with almost zero risks.


apt-get installs can't connect to mirror

software-properties-gtk

Choose download from main server.

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

I don't think it is a proxy problem.

  Hit:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/teejee2008/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease

Connect to your ppa is possible.


Take the pointer to the panel,
Win+Alt+Right mouse click the panel if you are Gnome-Classic
or Alt+Right mouse click the panel if you are using Gnome Classic (No Effects) i.e. gnome fallback mode
Choose  Add to Panel  and look for "Keyboard indicator" and add it.


How to fully utilize the available hard drive space for the home directory

To fully utilize your second hard drive for Ubuntu you should use a full install from a live CD/USB rather than a WUBI install. WUBI will put Ubuntu in a virtual partition in a big file inside Windows partition. Even though WUBI is easier as you don't have to partition your hard drive, it has some disadvantages. For example, if the Windows partition gets corrupted, Ubuntu won't boot.

As with full install and WUBI install, you can only use either Ubuntu or Windows at any time. You will be able to choose between Ubuntu and Windows every time you boot the computer. To switch between the two you have to reboot the computer and choose the other OS.

Installation

First download the ISO file then burn it to a CD/DVD or use Unetbootin to get a bootable USB, select the Installation media to boot first from your BIOS.
Once you're in the Live Session, choose Install Ubuntu.
When you get to the Choose an Option screen, select Do Something Else.
Locate the Second drive and choose to Install the System on the second drive.
Choose to also install the bootloader on the 2nd drive, make sure it's the drive and not a partition (i.e. /dev/sdb and not /dev/sdb1). I am assuming sdb is your second hard drive. It may not be, check to be sure.
Set the BIOS to boot from the UBUNTU hard drive first, and Windows
second.
Boot Ubuntu and open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and type sudo update-grub

The last step should find the Windows in the first drive and update Grub accordingly and from next boot,you should be able to choose between Ubuntu and Windows.

See How to install ubuntu on a second hard drive with windows being on the first?

/Home

I recommend you make

One 30GB / partition format ext4
One 4GB Swap partition format Linux/Swap
Rest of the drive as /home partition format ext4

16GB RAM

Ubuntu should be able to use all the RAM irrespective of your choice of 32bit (PAE) or 64bit version. The AMD64 will be more efficient. With 16GB RAM you may not need to swap much. But Ubuntu will be happier with a Swap partition.

Hope this helps


How to meet depends requirements for libldap-2.4-2

Resolved with

sudo aptitude install libldap2-dev

At first it suggested to do nothing, I've selected No, then it suggested to downgrade my current install to proper version. I've selected Yes.


Command with notify-send and rhythmbox-client works, but when I assign a keyboard shortcut for it rhythmbox-client won't start

Try using the full paths

find your paths:

$ which rhythmbox
/usr/bin/rhythmbox

$which rhythmbox-client
/usr/bin/rhythmbox-client

Then sub the results in instead of just the commands

notify-send -i /usr/bin/rhythmbox "RhythmBox Is Playing" "$(/usr/bin/rhythmbox-client --print-playing)"


How to IP forward only between 2 interfaces out of 3 installed?

You can use iptables.

Let's say eth0 and eth1 will be the routing NICs and eth2 will not route anything.

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth2 -j DROP
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -o eth2 -j DROP

The forwarded packets incoming (-o) and outgoing (-i) through eth2 will be dropped. Communication between PC and eth2 LAN will not be affected.

If you want to make these rules persistent after a reboot install iptables-persistent (sudo apt-get install iptables-persistent) and run the following to save the rules:

sudo iptables-save | sudo tee /etc/iptables/rules.v4


From man bash:

          If the ;; operator is used, no subsequent matches are
          attempted after the first pattern match.  Using ;& in  place  of
          ;;  causes  execution  to continue with the list associated with
          the next set of patterns.  Using ;;& in place of ;;  causes  the
          shell  to  test  the next pattern list in the statement, if any,
          and execute any associated list on a successful match.

So no, you can't use ";;" elsewhere, it's case-specific syntax in bash scripts. As for the meaning, if you finish each case item with ;;, it will stop after executing the code for the first match. If you use ;& instead, it will execute the first match, then continue looking for other matches, so you could perform multiple match actions.

For additional information see

http://linuxcommand.org/

and

http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/


You can edit /etc/fstab and add swap

/dev/partition              none          swap      defaults              0      0

If this don't work you can put in /etc/rc.local command

swapon /dev/partition

Maybe this solve your problem


Suspend not working correctly on MacBook Pro 5,5

Try making your swap bigger. I always do 2x my ram plus 1 gig. So if you have 4gigs of ram the swap would be 9gigs. Overkill yeah but it works.


You can use screen to open a virtual terminal, where the script can run.

I recommend to use screen -S php_script. Then you can run your script (even without &). With CTRL + A, D you can disconnect from the termial. You can reconnect with screen -r back to the terminal.


I suppose you are trying to connect with a XBox 360 wireless controller with a charger cord or directly with bluetooth? This won't work.

You will need to buy either a Xbox 360 Wireless Gaming receiver for Windows or, if you want to have a wired controller, you need to buy Xbox 360 Controller for Windows.

I own myself a Xbox 360 and have been trying the same thing like you did. This article from Canonical guides you through the process.


Upgrading to ubuntu 14.04 from ubuntu 13.10

Go to Software & Updates --> Other Software tab and check the third-party repositories listed there.  See image below


You can use Ctrl + L shortcut, or in menu Go > Enter location.


Is it possible to create a locked down 'dumb terminal' with ubuntu?

Sure I did something similar to this. What you can do is use LiveCDCustomization to remove packages you don't want.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomization

What I'd do is set network rules to only allow the live USB's to access your companies IP. But if they need to use the internet I'd set up a limited user account which has nothing but Firefox in it. I'd use SElinux for this. Also use Xubuntu as the base ISO.


broadcom BCM4311 wirless problems with Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

From a wired connection, try installing the package linux-firmware-nonfree.  That should be all the b43 driver needs to run on a clean system.  Uninstall all the other proprietary drivers first, they only interfere.  Provide more detail about your chip if that doesn't help.

lspci -vvnn

rfkill list


Stop 'Show Applications' button from displaying apps list full screen

What you described is expected in GNOME 3, that's how it's supposed to work. You're probably looking for a more traditional application menu akin to other desktop environments and other operating systems.

You can get an application menu using various GNOME Shell extensions (refer to this know more about extensions: How do I install and manage GNOME Shell extensions?), for example:

Application Menu

  Add a category-based menu for applications.

Frippery Applications Menu

  Replace Activities button with an Applications menu

Gno-Menu

  Gno-Menu is a traditional styled full featured Gnome-Shell apps menu, that aims to offer all the essentials in a simple uncluttered intuitive interface.

Note that Gno-Menu is a fancier alternative, it provides many more customisations, but it might have some stability issues.

Note: You can also remove the 'Show Applications' button altogether by running the following command in Terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock show-show-apps-button false


Landscape - Inavlid login credentials. Please try again

Answer from the submitter.

  Ok, I found out why that happens and it's a BUG. If your password
  contains a dollar sign, the system stores the password as a plain
  variable. And the password is cut by the dollar sign. Example: If your
  password is Dollar$ign, then your password becomes Dollar.


How do i enable mobile networking by default?

Try adding this command to your start-up-scripts

nmcli nm wwan on

or make a longer script, if you want it to sleep before executing, like here:
longer answer


The development of zsnes was discontinued and therefore removed from package sources. However you should find the package bsnes. This is now the recommended package for emulating SNES.


Kubuntu 18.04: How does Dolphin file manager sort files "naturally"?

"Natural sorting" detects numbers in file names and uses numerical sorting on this part of the filenames, therefore 010.txt and 10.txt come after 4.txt (10 > 4).

1 < 2 < 10, so mov001 and mov01A come before mov002 and mov010.

0 < 1 < 10, therefore _0mov00A < _1mov00A < _010.txt

etc.


You need to preface your command with sudo and enter your password when prompted.


How to make chromium-browser show in only one virtual desktop?

Okay go to you settings in chromium-browser and select "Use system title bar and borders" in "Personal stuff" section, and then right-click on the window of chromium and select "Desktops>Desktop 1" instead of "All desktops"


How can I open the present working directory (pwd) in Nautilus from the terminal?

nautilus works as

nautilus [options] URIs...

Now, to open pwd in nautilus, we can do

nautilus ./


Is there a program to mine bitcoins in ubuntu 13.10?

Yes. http://bitcoin.org/en/download

However, Bitcoin mining now requires EXTREMELY more sophisticated hardware than it did at the onset of Bitcoin; FPGAs and GPUs have outpaced using a simple CPU for the computation, and since all of the easy computations to get a Bitcoin have been done. there's a curve of decreasing returns to make more. Charles Stross explains it well, if vehemently, here.

You may find https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Mining useful in considering if it is practical for you and whether you will make more cash money than you spend in electricity to run the PC, especially since nowadays it seems to be the outfits which sell Bitcoin mining machines http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-11-14/2014-outlook-bitcoin-mining-chips-a-high-tech-arms-race who are making the money http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/11/14/firm_makes_3million_during_bitcoin_gold_rush/ as the previous two links show. It's like the California Gold Rush. Who made the money? The storekeepers who sold mining equipment and supplies to the miners, not the miners themselves.


Can I install Ubuntu in uefi if I installed windows 10 in legacy?

Yes, you can. You can install any OS in (u)efi or legacy regardless of how the current OS was installed.

Heck, you can even have a system installed as legacy and as (u)efi but that would require you to choose from bios (so no automatic switching during boot) what system you want to boot if you need to switch.

Needless to say (I hope) that it is best to install all OS on 1 system with the same boot procedure, so either all legacy or all (u)efi.

  So will I encounter any problem if I switch boot mode to uefi?

Generally: no. Do remove legacy installed OS during installation and make sure you follow the 1st (u)efi install procedures: you need to create your (u)efi partition yourself. Manual method: How to prepare a disk on an EFI based PC for Ubuntu?  though I expect the installer to do it correctly too nowadays.


bind software to different network interfaces

You cannot bind client software to specific network interfaces, but
you can tell the kernel that you only want to use one network
interface for some IP addresses and the other one for everything else.
This is called "routing", and can be configured using the commands
/sbin/route and /sbin/ip.

If I read your question correctly, you want to connect to intranet IP
addresses using interface eth0 and to the Internet using interface
wlan0.

If you run the command ip route list, you should see an output
like the following (numbers will be different, and also you can have
more lines in it):

$ ip route list
10.60.44.0/25 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.60.44.39  metric 1
192.168.80.0/21 dev wlan0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.84.122  metric 2
[...]
default via 10.60.44.1 dev eth0  proto static

The first two lines tell you about the networks connected to
interfaces eth0 and wlan0: network traffic directed to computers
on those networks will be directly sent to them through the
corresponding interface.

The last line tells you what the "default route" is: if your computer
wants to talk to a computer on a network it is not attached to (e.g.,
the stackoverflow.com server), it will route traffic via eth0,
realying through host 10.60.44.1 (called the "default gateway").

So, to route Internet traffic thorugh wlan0 you should ensure that
the last line in the ip route list output reads something like:

default via A.B.C.D dev wlan0 proto static

where A.B.C.D is the IP address of the gateway on the wireless LAN.
If the output does not contain "dev wlan0", you can change it with the
command:

sudo ip route change to default dev wlan0 via A.B.C.D

You can find out the correct A.B.C.D for wlan0 in two ways:

Look into directory /var/lib/dhcp3/: you should find some
dhclient-...-wlan0.lease files.  Open the most recent one and
search for a line with the string option router in it: the rest
of the line tells you the IP address A.B.C.D.
Ask your local network administrators.  (Probably the best thing to
do, anyway.)

With this configuration, you should be able to:

browse the Internet through wlan0
browse your Intranet through eth0, provided it is on a single network.

If your intranet spans multiple networks, then you will need to add
routes for them - and this is definitely something that requires you
to interact with the local network admins. :-)


Run the following shell script, type in terminal
sudo /opt/cisco/vpn/bin/vpn_uninstall.sh
or
sudo bash /opt/cisco/anyconnect/bin/anyconnect_uninstall.sh


Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/click_0.4.46+17.10.20170607.3-0~622~ubuntu14.04.1_amd64.deb

I had the same issue on 16.10 and used:

sudo rm /usr/bin/click
sudo apt --fix-broken install

After that things started working again.


When trying to Install Shiny Server for R, the command in the setup instructions triggers a Bash syntax error, how do I fix it?

The two " characters are cancelling each other out at the beginning, I believe, because the quotes are incorrectly escaped.  I'm not certain why they have \\" (which is interpreted as an escaped \ character with an unescaped " after that, and not an escaped " character) instead of \" which is the proper way to escape the quote, but that likely is the cause of this problem.

Try using this instead, it may work:

sudo su - -c "R -e \"install.packages('shiny', repos='http://cran.rstudio.com/')\""

I have done some looking into this.  The instructions that were initially provided for this in the GitHub repository for the software have been marked as "Obsolete".

This is the installation instructions that they now refer to.  If you are running into this issue, you should not be using the documentation on the GitHub repository, and should be using the new instructions instead.


Ubuntu does indeed ship with a firewall by default, UFW (stands for Uncomplicated FireWall ) to be specific, since version 8.04. There's only command-line front-end to the firewall in default installation, and you can enable that via

sudo ufw enable

There is optional GUI front-end, called GUFW. It's available in default software repositories and can be installed via Software Center or sudo apt install gufw in terminal.

As for virus protection I'm assuming you're talking about antivirus.  Long story short, due to differences between Windows and Linux systems you're safe from Windows specific malware and in general Linux users do not use antivirus, however such software is still available for installation. See What antivirus programs are available?

Note that you don't need internet connection to enable firewall, though you do need internet connection for installing software from repositories.


How to enable automatic login in KDE from the command line

Open in editor file

sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf

and add line in section "DAEMON"

vi /etc/gdm3/custom.conf

AutomaticLoginEnable=True
AutomaticLogin=REPLACE_YOUR_USERNAME

OR

sudo nano /etc/sddm.conf

and add line in section "DAEMON"

Relogin=false
User=REPLACE_YOUR_USERNAME
Session=Kubuntu


Go to System Settings > Removable Media

You can then select how media should be handled.


The simple way is to use:

xinput disable 13

Try this first at the terminal every time you boot. If you are happy then put it in Startup Applications.


Resolving errors due to duplicated python versions

One solution -- although to be considered carefully -- is to have python3 point to the python3.5 which works correctly:
sudo mv /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3_backup
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python3

Update: Other method
My first answer was in the case you were sure you needed the python3.5 in /usr/local/bin. If that's not the case and you want to keep the system python 3 while adding modules from your /usr/local python3.5, you can simply update your PYTHON_PATH variable as follows in your bashrc (as according to the outputs you provided):
export PYTHONPATH=${PYTHONPATH}:/usr/local/lib/python3.5:/usr/local/lib/python3.5/plat-linux:/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages


What happens to access rights when files are moved to a windows partition

normally if you have created a text file under root user. It will get created with rw permission. After moving to windows and recopying it back to linux won't change the properties.

ls -lh will list the permission as

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32 Oct 28 06:21 test.txt (both before and after)


Software to control foam rocket launcher?

It is not on main repos anymore, but development is (somehow) still alive (check out its github repo).

To use it with Ubuntu, there is a ppa available.

Use sudo add-apt-repository ppa:zarquon42/ppa to add the ppa. Xenial (16.04) its ok, but there is no Yakkety (16.10) package available at the moment.

Then sudo apt update && sudo apt install pyrocket to cleanly install pyrocket.

Hope it helps.


Shell script to stop repeating same email if already once found error and sent

You could use a second condition that uses some variable (or file) as flag (or counter).

For example to use a file as flag you could modify your script in this way:

#!/bin/bash

FLAG_FILE="/tmp/flag_file_my_error_email_script"

if grep -iq 'error' "/path/to/log" && [ ! -f "${FLAG_FILE}" ]; then
        echo "error found" | mailx -s "error alert" email-id
        touch "$FLAG_FILE"
fi

The command touch "$FLAG_FILE" will create the file /tmp/flag_file_my_error_email_script that is used as an argument in the second condition [ ! -f "${FLAG_FILE}" ]. Read about Bash Conditional Expressions.

If you want to send/receive a certain number of emails and then to suppress the script's function, you could add third condition, where the content of the $FLAG_FILE will be used as counter:

#!/bin/bash

FLAG_FILE="/tmp/flag_file_my_error_email_script"

if grep -iq 'error' "/path/to/log" && [ ! -f "${FLAG_FILE}" ] || (( $(cat "$FLAG_FILE") < 2 )); then
        echo "error found" | mailx -s "error alert" email-id
        touch "$FLAG_FILE"
        NEW_VALUE=$(( $(cat "$FLAG_FILE") + 1)) && echo "$NEW_VALUE" > "$FLAG_FILE"
fi

Note that && have а meaning of if the previous condition returns true and || means if the previous condition returns false.

If you want to restore the "normal" work of the script you should remove the $FLAG_FILE. This file will be automatically deleted on system reboot. If you want to change that behaviour, choice a directory different from /temp where the user that executes the script has write permissions.


tar -xvzf [filename] creates an extra directory

It happens presumably because you tarred the whole public_html directory and its name is in the archive.

You can use the --strip-components argument to cut off the head of the path when extracting.

In your case:

tar -xvzf --strip-components 1 orbit.tar.gz

To remove the public_html/ and extract files directly into the current directory.

1 in the above command stands for a single level in the extracted path.


Granting permissions for a folder in user area

Add alex and bob to some group, and execute

chgrp -R somegroup /home/alex/bob_folder_access
chmod -R g+rwX /home/alex/bob_folder_access


How to override grub and boot to Ubuntu directly (from UEFI or windows)?

The first step is to install a Windows program to access Linux partitions from within Windows as described here: (Best way to access ext partion in windows)

The next step is to edit /boot/grub/grub.cfg and search for timeout changing the value from 0 to 5.

Save the file and reboot.

Note that after rebooting Ubuntu you still need to change /etc/default/grub otherwise the next time you run sudo update-grub the timeout will go back to zero.


[Resolved] I finally found the root cause.

it appears the iptables configuration was reset in the upgrade process.

At such iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 1234 -j ACCEPT was placed in the order after the incoming IP blocking rule, which it would block any incoming access to the server.

I fixed it by resetting the iptables and made correct configuration, after that the problem resolved, anyone could connect through ssh.


Is there a comprehensive list of mupdf keyboard shortcuts?

Copy-pasted from man mupdf:

A description of each of the supported options is included below.

-p password
        Uses  the  given  password  to  open an encrypted PDF file.  The
        password is tried both as user and owner password.

-r resolution
        Changes the initial zoom level, specified as the  resolution  in
        dpi.  The default value is 72.

MOUSE AND KEY BINDINGS

In  addition to the key bindings described below, the mouse can also be
used. Clicking the left mouse button follows links within the PDF while
dragging  with  the  left mouse button pans the page. Dragging with the
right mouse button selects an area and copies the enclosed text to  the
clipboard  buffer.  Using the scroll-wheel while pressing Control zooms
in/out, if Shift is pressed on the other hand then the page is panned.

L, R   Rotate page left (clockwise) or right (counter-clockwise).

h, j, k, l
        Scroll page left, down, up, or right.

+, -   Zoom in or out.

w      Shrinkwrap window to fit the page.

r      Reload file.

. pgdn right space
        Go to the next page

, pgup left b
        Go to the previous page

<, >   Skip back/forth 10 pages at a time.

m      Mark page for snap back.

t      Pop back to the latest mark.

[0-9]m Save the current page number in the numbered register.

[0-9]t Go to the page saved in the numbered register.

123g   Go to page 123.

/      Search for text.

n, N   Find the next/previous search result.

c      Toggle between color and grayscale rendering.


You need to re-configure grub so that it boots in text mode. Don't worry it's easy peasy.

Steps:

Step #1

In terminal type

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Step #2

change line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"

Step #3

In terminal type

sudo update-grub

Notes:

Note #1

This doesn't remove any desktop environments it just makes Ubuntu boot in terminal mode instead.

Note #2

You absolutely can use Xubuntu-desktop rather than xfce4, just bear in mind that sometimes when you install desktop environments they will list a desktop manager (aka login screen) as a dependency. The result is that the computer will start booting in gui mode unless you reconfigure it not to.

Sources:

http://postbin.per.red/pages/article23/page.php


Graphical MS-SQL Clients for a Ubuntu Desktop

I use DBeaver. There is a Debian package (.deb) available at their website. It is similar to MySQL Workbench.

To install: download the .deb file from the download page, change to the directory you put the DBWeaver deb in and run sudo dpkg -i dbeaver-*.deb.


Hamachi² configuration file... Where is it?

You can also use Haguichi, this is a GUI for Hamachi.

See:
http://www.webupd8.org/2010/10/install-hamachi2-and-haguichi-gui-for.html

I have seen the .DEB file, it creates files in

-/opt

-/etc

-/usr

Take a look @ /opt/logmein-hamachi/bin


Prevent Applications from changing workspace

If you mean by "prevent applications from changing workspace" that Ubuntu should prevent the IDE running on workspace x to switch to this workspace while debugging an application on workspace y when hitting a breakpoint then:

No, that's not possible, this is by design...


I managed to remove the "1" next to installed by purging and reinstalling gnome-software with the following command:

sudo apt-get --purge --reinstall install software-center


LightDM run desktop for one session "This session Only"

Here is a Workaround I'm now using, not perfect, I'm probally remembering a featrue from the good ol gnome days, anyways-

I made another user to do all my "desktop experimentation". My regular user still auto logs in, and to my "default" session. So then I can just log out, mess up my other user, and easily go back to my regular desktop, when the computer shutdown(or crashes) it logs in to my normal desktop!


Have you tried updating your video card driver? Check if the vendor has offered anything to download for Linux/Ubuntu. This could solve it for some PCs, although it didn't work for me.


What's a dead ogonek, and where is it on my keyboard?

An ogonek is an diacritic mark that looks like a right-facing hook placed underneath a letter. It originates from central European languages such as Polish and Lithuanian.

ĄĘĮǪŲY̨ ąęį ǫųy̨

A dead key is a key that doesn't insert any character when you press it, but affects the next character you type. Dead keys add an accent to the next letter. So if you press dead ˛ then A, you get the character Ą.

It's weird to have a shortcut on this key. Unless your keyboard layout is meant for a language that uses this accent, you wouldn't have this key.


How do I set Ubuntu Bold Font as the window titlebar font?

I came back to post a solution that worked for me. If the Ubuntu Bold font does not appear the the selection list, use the following command to set it:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences titlebar-font "Ubuntu Bold 9"

Credit here: http://podzemski.com/2012/10/20/ubuntu-12-10-font-siz/


12.04 - Are there any drivers for integrated Webcam on Dell Inspiron N7010?

Try installing a program called Cheese in the terminal with the following command:

sudo apt-get install cheese

Then run the program and if your webcam works there is already a driver installed for this device.


Monitor RAM and CPU usage on Remote Server?

Are you familiar with top?
Shows you CPU and RAM usage (and more) for each process and also the total sum.

you can also run top -u USER to only see a specific user's processes.
just start with running top with no arguments. press q in order to quit.

EDIT

and for using within a script: try top -b -n1 for running in non interactive mode. you can then parse the data with head, sed and grep however you like.


Installing GitLab on 15.04 gives Upstart Error

Ubuntu 15.05 no longer uses Upstart. It uses SystemD. GitLab hasn't been updated to check for this at the time of writing.

The rules that deal with this are in /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/runit/recipes/default.rb

So one can amend the Debian rule:

when "debian"
  case node["platform"]
  when "debian"
    if node["platform_version"] =~ /^8/
      include_recipe "runit::systemd"
    else
      include_recipe "runit::sysvinit"
    end
  else
    include_recipe "runit::upstart"

to

when "debian"
  case node["platform"]
  when "debian"
    if node["platform_version"] =~ /^8/
      include_recipe "runit::systemd"
    else
      include_recipe "runit::sysvinit"
    end
  else
    #include_recipe "runit::upstart"
    include_recipe "runit::systemd"

NB: Yes, I answered my own question as I was stuck on this and wanted to share.


Unable to display a file encoded in ISO-8859-9 to the terminal

You can use the iconv utility (note: it does not convert the file in-place; the converted output is displayed in the terminal unless you redirect it elsewhere).

Ex.

$ file file.ISO-8859-9
file.ISO-8859-9: ISO-8859 text

$ cat file.ISO-8859-9
������������

$ iconv -f ISO-8859-9 -t utf-8//translit file.ISO-8859-9
ğüşıöçĞÜŞİÖÇ


To do so, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

unzip '*.zip'

Also you can right click on the first file in the group, and choose Extract here, and that will also all the files in that group.


Weird directories are automatically created

The "?" marks are substitute for a symbol, which is not compatible with your character set. usually it is enough to set up UTF8 char-set system-wide. Use some file manager to remove them, for example midnight commander. If you wandt to read the characters behind ? marks, use following guide (Full switch locale: Ubuntu server installed with no locales, how to enable locales systemwide?)

Your home folder is often used by some install scripts or installed software usually creates its own folder beginning with "." character (invisible folders - but probably not the case u have). What you send here could be some errorneous script running on start of some software. Delete the file/folder and try to catch the moment, when the file/folder is created. Then you will probably find the reason and source of your file.


Adjust brightness and contrast on an Acer Aspire as5750?

I have a 4830t and the screen looked awful.  I had to manual adjust the rgb gamma and the contrast.  Now it looks a lot better.

I create a simple script to adjust it at boot

#!/bin/bash
xgamma -rgamma .8
xgamma -bgamma .6
xgamma -ggamma .7
xcalib -contrast .88

exit 0

You can adjust the color and contrast to fit your taste.

I hope this helps


Ubuntu 12.10 + Windows 7 - No option to install alongside windows 7

MBR partitioning scheme only supports 4 primary partitions, once you have all 4 of them you can't create any more of them.

To overcome this limitation, you need to create an extended partition, which can act as a container for a number of logical partitions.

You can then install Ubuntu into a logical partition.


You could actually be more interested in installing and uninstalling drivers than you seem to think.
That is, you should try to uninstall AMD driver and test the open source driver.

As far as AMD is concerned you have legacy hardware. When people use proprietary drivers there seems to be lot of problems with hardware that falls into this category.

After removing AMD driver, run this:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-radeon

Reboot.
Configure your displays: System settings -> Hardware -> Displays

If everything works fine, you might even be happy.
PS! I had HD4870 and I was struggling with trying to get AMD legacy driver to work for way too long. Don't go on that road. You'll sleep better.


npm installed binaries not available from command line

I'm not sure what you've been installing (or think you've been installing), but if you install the babel package —per the documentation— you'll get a babel binary in-path:

$ sudo npm install --global babel
...

$ which babel
/usr/local/bin/babel

$ readlink -f /usr/local/bin/babel
/usr/local/lib/node_modules/babel/bin/babel.js


How to disable screen dimming when on battery on Ubuntu 16.04

Caveat Emptor... I'm the author of the proposed solution. When you plug in or unplug your AC adapter a one time udev event is triggered and then Ubuntu brigntens or dims your screen. Most posts here are complaints about the screen not dimming on battery power. Your complaint however is the opposite.

This application will automatically set your screen brightness based on internet specified sunrise and sunset: Automatically adjust display brightness based on sunrise and sunset. Additionally you define a transition period for dawn and dusk (usually about 90 minutes).

There are already some "under the hood" hooks into systemd to react after suspend/resume for instantaneous/transparent screen brightness reset. Another script can be provided to respond within a millisecond when AC is plugged/unplugged instead of waiting 1 to 59 seconds for your screen brightness to return to optimal setting. Testing and feedback will be required from yourself as my own display doesn't change when AC is plugged/unplugged and I can't duplicate your "complaint". As Is though the proposed solution should work to solve your problem with an average 30 second wait period for your screen brightness to return to "normal".


Not auto lo, because it is auto eth0

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address ...
netmask ...
gateway ...

You can check Ethernet Interface with = command : ifconfig -a


How to change the name of wireless interface?

Hard-coded wireless device names in scripts? Well that's no fun. Fortunately, it's not too difficult to change the interface name.

Create a file as root named: /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
Add this:SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:01:02:03:04:05", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", NAME="wlan0"
Reboot

Be sure to change 00:01:02:03:04:05 to the proper MAC address of your wireless device. This should give you what you need.


How to play MPEG-4 videos on Firefox on Ubuntu 18.10?

I'm using 56.0.2 and, due to work restrictions, cannot upgrade to the latest release

I thought it's an ESR version, but that was 52 and 60 as it seems. I cannot find it in cosmic (1, 2) either, the current one is labeled as a security update for good reason considering the importance of browser updates (or electron apps) in this day and age.

Moving on, here are things to consider: the Cisco OpenH264 plugin will be downloaded when you first start your browser, it's not included. Your company seems to block certain software updates, check if the plugin is installed via about:addons > plugins. Regarding gstreamer I think the good plugins are not sufficient, you need to install the "bad" (contains: video/x-h264 and h264parse) ones too, if you are allowed to. May be this is helpful: https://askubuntu.com/a/636725/40581

There is also a snap for Firefox but contrary to flatpak you cannot install snaps on a per-user basis. Installing or access to snaps and flatpaks or other sources may be blocked too in this environment.

Your browser is about 8 versions behind, which is about a year (~48 weeks). I don't see how this got into 18.10/cosmic, this is seriously wrong and no wonder why some features may not work properly.


What file size units do applications on Ubuntu use?

Introduction:

Data in electronic computers is stored and transmitted in various ways, but they are always interpreted as a sequence of binary values, either 0 or 1. One binary value is called a bit. Eight bits is called an octet, or a byte. On this there is consensus.

A bit is denoted as b, and a byte as B. On this there is consensus, and if you ever spot an application breaking this convention, it's definitely a bug or an error. People frequently confuse the two, but application developers and manufacturers on the whole do not.

Once you get to larger units, there are two schools of thought, which sadly means that there is no consensus. Different operating systems and different applications belong to one school of thought or another.

Ubuntu's unit policy:

Ubuntu has a published units policy, which defines units like this.

The first set of units are multiples of 1024. (Why 1024? Because 1024 is 2 to the power of 10, which can make life easier for programmers.) This set of units is called binary units or the IEC prefixes, after the IEC standard that defined them:

One kibibyte: 1KiB = 1024 bytes (note the capital K)
One mebibyte: 1MiB = 1024KiB = 1048576 bytes
One gibibyte: 1GiB = 1024MiB = 1048576KiB = 1073741824 bytes

The second set of units are multiples of 1000. This aligns much more closely with commonly used units in the SI system, such as metres, litres and grams. A kilogram is 1000 grams; in the same way, a kilobyte is 1000 bytes. This set of units is called decimal units or the SI prefixes.

One kilobyte: 1kB = 1000 bytes (note the lowercase k)
One megabyte: 1MB = 1000kB = 1000000 bytes
One gigabyte: 1GB = 1000MB = 1000000kB = 1000000000 bytes

The traditional units:

Traditionally, many applications, operating systems and developers used binary units, giving them SI names. Ubuntu, GNOME and OS X all attempt to follow the published standards as explained previously, however, Microsoft Windows and many UNIX utilities still use these traditional units, so you need to be aware of them.

One kilobyte: 1KB = 1024 bytes (note the capital K)
One megabyte: 1MB = 1024KB = 1048576 bytes
One gigabyte: 1GB = 1024MB = 1048576KB = 1073741824 bytes

Traditionally, however, speeds are specified in bits per second, with SI prefixes! So 1Mbps is actually 1000000 bits per second, which is 125000 bytes per second, even on Microsoft Windows.

How to avoid ambiguity:

As you can see, these conflicting definitions lead to a lot of confusion. When I say 1MB, do I mean a million bytes, or do I mean 1048576 bytes?

To avoid ambiguity, you should use one of these strategies:

Exclusively use IEC prefixes. 1MiB is always unambiguous.
Include a conversion to the number of bytes. eg: 1MB or 1000000 bytes
Use both IEC and SI prefixes, eg: 1MiB or 1.048MB approx. I prefer this solution, as it makes it clear what you mean, and it the reader doesn't have to perform any mental calculations.

Where there is ambiguity, here's a good set of rules of thumb that has served me well:

If you spot KB (with a capital K), then the traditional units are probably being used.
If you spot kB (with a lowercase k), then the SI units are probably being used.
If the number is describing a speed, then decimal units are probably being used.
If the number is on OS X, on modern Ubuntu or GNOME applications, then decimal units are probably being used.
If the number is on a hard drive or another piece of computing equipment, then decimal units are probably being used.
If the number is from a command-line utility on Linux, then traditional binary units are probably being used.
If the number is from a Microsoft Windows application, then traditional binary units are probably being used.

When it comes to Ubuntu applications, have a look a this list specifying which applications use which system.

References:

Ubuntu's units policy
units man page


Lenovo Thinkpad Twist keyboard and touchpad problem

After some serious looking, I found my solution. Apparently editing one line in grub did the trick. Me touchpad and keyboard work after a cold start on my Lenovo Thinkpad Twist.
Here are the directions I used

https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=49&t=157115&p=813402&hilit=thinkpad%20twist%20touchpad#p813402

Cheers


What will be the power backend for (K)Ubuntu 13.10?

The latest version of pm-utils seems to be "06 Nov 2013" from this changelog.


Ubuntu and windows dual-booted no battery warning on windows

your battery settings on ubuntu is absolutely correct. ubuntu power settings are not the reason for your problem.
first you should check your power plans on windows 8.1 if the problem remains same then share the picture of your windows power settings.


open .bachrc file and write it in it:

type gedit ~/.bashrc in terminal

copy and paste this line at the end of the file(one new line):

PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.composer/vendor/bin"

this way the path will be available every time you open terminal
besides this, you can also store some variables. for example, add a="this a variable" add the end of file. this variable will be available every time you open terminal. to check type echo $a


Ubuntu ClamTk unable to set a time to update antivirus signatures

It should actually be quite straightforward but there is a little quirk in the software.
For completeness, what you need to do first is go to Update Assistant and set I would like to update signatures my self.

Then click on Apply.
Go back in to the scheduler and you will be able to set the time as required for Antivirus Signatures by clicking on the + sign by the side of the Hour (and Minutes if required) then click on the green plus sign underneath.
You then have to ensure that that the green + sign is clickable (dark green) to be able to save the time. If it is not, click on the minus (-) sign to make it so (which will reset the time to 0) then go back and reset to the time required - the green + sign at the bottom of the section should be clickable this time (darker green) but will change to light green when accepted by the system.
Go back into the scheduler to check. You should see at the bottom that you have a daily scan scheduled and a daily definitions update is scheduled.
You will not need to reset the option in Update Assistant which you changed earlier. The system remembers your new choice automatically.
The first image below shows the + sign as pale green (and will not save the time). The second image below shows the + sign in light green again (but was dark green before clicking it) but will be saved on clicking Close.
A bit messy, but after much research, I have managed to get to the bottom of making it work this way.


Will Panasonic WF950 Wireless On-Ear Headphones work with Ubuntu?

It seems to work on 3.5mm jacks. So yes, it should work.


I presume you've installed that "white with black outline" theme yourself.

If you did, then you need to get the theme to work across all programs:

sudo update-alternatives --config x-cursor-theme

Select your chosen theme.

Reboot, or log out and log back in.


As far I can understand your Ubuntu version is 19.10, so it has tcl8.6 in the repositories.

So you have to install these packages:

sudo apt-get install tcl8.6-dev tk8.6-dev

or simplier -

sudo apt-get install tcl-dev tk-dev

Also I'd recommend to change TIFF and JPEG package names to the following:

sudo apt-get install libtiff-dev libjpeg-dev


Installation problem - can not boot from USB drive

It looks like the First Boot Option in the BIOS still links to the Windows Boot Manager, which can not find a Windows-Installation anymore. Set the USB-Stick to position #1.


Choppy and/or extremely fast video playback

What browser are you using? I had a similar problem a couple of weeks back and the problem was actually Chrome. Try turning off flash in your plugins so that Chrome defaults to using the flash on your computer. That fixed it for me.


No matching "fi" for the "if"s
You need to put whitespace around "[" and "]"
Space after "--text=" makes the parameter get lost.

Working version:

#!/bin/bash
ARCH=$(uname -m)
if [ "$ARCH" = "i686" ]; then
 zenity --info --title="Architechture Checker" --text="Your Architechture is 32-Bit"
fi
if [ "$ARCH" = "x86_64" ]; then
 zenity --info --title="Architechture Checker" --text="Your Architechture is 64-Bit"
fi


ubuntu server - does not run on static ip

I suggest you amend the file /etc/network/interfaces to read:

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto enp2s0
    iface enp2s0 inet static
    address 192.168.0.10
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.0.181
    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8

Get the system to re-read and use the changes:

sudo ifdown enp2s0 && sudo ifup -v enp2s0

The -v for verbose should produce some output that tells us if the address was given successfully. Test:

ping -c3 192.168.0.181
ping -c3 8.8.8.8
ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com

If you get ping returns, you are all set.


flatpak in a script, how to auto answer "Use this remote?"

There are multiple option that may help get silent installation

Include REMOTE source explicitly

flatpak install [OPTION...] [REMOTE] REF
flatpak install flathub <your-program>

Assume YES like with apt-get or Non-Interactive

  -y, --assumeyes

  Automatically answer yes to all questions (or pick the most prioritized answer). This is useful for automation.

  --noninteractive

  Produce minimal output and avoid most questions. This is suitable for use in non-interactive situations, e.g. in a build script.

flatpak install -y --noninteractive <your-program>

Reference: flatpak docs


logrotate weekly archiving empties out daily files

rotate and compress are independent. compress compresses each rotated log file, rotate sets how many rotated log files to keep. Using them together does not mean that rotated log files are combined and compressed.

What you could do is use a post-rotate script like so:

zcat /home/ubuntu/logs/server.log.*.gz |
  gzip | sponge /home/ubuntu/logs/server.log.$(date -d "now - 5 days" +%Y-%m-%d).gz

(Using sponge from moreutils to overwrite the last log file)

That said, extension .gz is useless unless your log files actually have a .gz extension.


How to keychain shortcuts in xfce. For example to switch the workspace

This program, switches to screen 0-9 and a-z, (11 - 37). It needs to callable chmod +x switcher.py and be called by a shortcut in key/shortcuts.

import subprocess

import Tkinter as tk

class App(object):
    def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
        self.master = master
        master.geometry('200x200+0+0')
        master.bind('<KeyPress>', self.react_to_keypress)
        master.after(2500, quit)

    def react_to_keypress(self, event):
        key = event.char.lower()
        try:
            int(key)
        except ValueError:
            if ord(key) < 97 or ord(key) > 122:
                return False
            else:
                key = str(ord(key) - 97 + 10)
                print key
        subprocess.call(["/usr/bin/wmctrl", "-s " + key])

    def quit(self):
        self.master.quit()

root = tk.Tk()
app = App(root)

root.mainloop()


Thanks for your reply, Braiam.

The fact is Ubuntu 13.04 does not recognize this adapter by itself. I installed it a week ago, with both ethernet cable and DWA-142 pluged in. Installed all the updates and Ubuntu still wouldn't recognize the wireless adapter.

Hence I decided do go for ndiswrapper. I tried both the above mentioned Windows drivers, but I always got the same result.

Maybe I'm missing a step or something, but I can't figure out which...


Ok I found the sollution! At least this solves the problem if you have NVIDIA hardware (Geforce Go 7300):

In your Sofware Updater program go to "Settings" -> "Additional Software". There select the bottom radion button: "Using experimental NVIDIA...".

This installs the latest NVIDIA driver for your hardware. Now reboot your computer and you should be good to go!


Possible to memorize what are open before an application exits?

There is a setting to remember all apps when shutting down it is found in the startup applications menu item (last tab if I recall correctly)


Left click frequently triggers right click in ubuntu 18.04 after upgrade from ubuntu 16.04

https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/mouse-lefthanded.html.en

I'd recommend first making sure your updates are up to date.  The above article talks about changing your mouse keys...

If the mouse works fine on other versions and or computers, then its something with the upgraded version you are on. Save your data and use the other version still out that worked fine.  OR try installing it fresh. NOT AS AN UPGRADE from 16.  I've had good luck doing a fresh install vs the upgrade route, the upgrade route has left me with device drivers not working right, that worked fine just before the upgrade :)


Help identifying device and driver for 0bda:1724

I've emailed Realtek techsupport, and they've sent me some new driver (zip), that should suit this card.
Download - http://www.mediafire.com/?sanq19s3vv1d9c9
I'm actually trying to get my Yoga's onboard Wi-Fi with this.
Hope that helps someone.


You've spelled defult-jre, when it's supposed to be default-jre.

If you use the middle click on your mouse (mouse wheel button), you will paste the last marked text. So if you mark a package name and type sudo apt-get install (mouse wheel click), it will be correctly spelled.

Also using tab will ensure that it's correctly spelled.

Related:

How can I install Sun/Oracle's proprietary Java JDK 6/7/8 or JRE?
How do I install Java?


"starting home folder" issue in gnome classic nautilus

I had this issue. I found there were two applications called "Files" in /usr/share/applications/ plus one called "Home Folder". The command for these was nautilus %u so I was pretty sure they had something to do with the problem. Anyway, removing these on their own didn't work, so this is what I did:

Open terminal and type alacarte (this opens the menu for editing). Remove "Files" from the "Accessories" menu (it may be there twice, remove both). Close menu.
Type sudo nautilus in terminal, navigate to /usr/share/applications/ and remove both "Files" and "Home Folder" applications.
Log off and on again.
Edit the menu as in step 1 and re-create the "Files" item with the command nautilus %u.
Type nautilus in a terminal, pick any folder and right click on it, select "open with other application", then "browse", then choose the "Files" item you just created.

After step 3 you will not be able to open any folders unless you run the command nautilus in a terminal, steps 4 and 5 fix this.

This worked for me but I have no idea if it is the best/quickest/safest or stupidest way.


Can't boot Ubuntu 18.04 with encrypted boot

I managed to solve this problem by booting using the above mentioned procedure and running Boot Repair a couple of times. Black magic is always the solution!


Is there a 32 bit genymotion for ubuntu?

Same problem, wanted genymotion for 32 bits

They stopped providing 32 bits version on release 2.7.0

I guess we will need to find a previous version but i can't find it anywhere, hope, already tried to contact them to ask about it, lets see if we get something, is a shame seems to be a decent emulator

https://www.genymotion.com/release-notes/

Genymotion 2.7.0 and future versions will not be made available for 32-bit Linux operating systems.


After performing apt-get dist-upgrade Perl scripts will no longer ignore invalid SSL certificates on 14.04

$ENV{PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME} = 0

This was a bug in LWP (CVE-2014-3230) which was fixed in newer versions. PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME is only used to omit verifying the hostname in the certificate, not the certificate chain. But, because you are using a self-signed certificate chain verification will fail.

This option was only introduced for the migration from the old Crypt::SSLeay backend to the new IO::Socket::SSL backend. Crypt::SSLeay does not support verification of the hostname (and is thus open for man-in-the-middle attacks), while IO::Socket::SSL does. With LWP version 6 the default backend is IO::Socket::SSL.

To completely disable verification of the certificate set SSL_verify_mode => SSL_VERIFY_NONE (you need to use IO::Socket::SSL to have access to the SSL_VERIFY_NONE constant, or just use 0) in the ssl_opts of LWP. There is no environment variable to do this.

Example:

use LWP::UserAgent;
use IO::Socket::SSL;
my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(..., ssl_opts => { SSL_verify_mode => SSL_VERIFY_NONE });
$ua->get(...); # or $ua->post(...) or $ua->request(...)

Unfortunately I cannot see any use of LWP in the script you referenced, so I don't see where to fix it there.

As for your options B:

  (B) Is there a way to import a self signed SSL cert from another host into Ubuntu so that the Perl script will recognize & trust it?
  Alternatively: (B-2) Is there a way to make Ubuntu recognize my windows active directory Cert Authority such that I could issue SSL certs from my CA to the systems in question, and have it recognized by the Perl scripts?

You should be able to use the environment variable PERL_LWP_SSL_CA_FILE to specify a file which CAs or self-signed certificates you accept as trusted.


Socket communiction in absence of wired network connection

You should use loopback address "localhost" or "127.0.0.1" in that situation!


Uploaded Linux Poseidon to Ubuntu 14.04. Pinging but not surfing

NetworkManager is the program which (via the resolvconf utility) inserts address 127.0.1.1 into resolv.conf. NM inserts that address if an only if it is configured to start an instance of the dnsmasq program to serve as a local forwarding nameserver. That dnsmasq instance listens for queries at address 127.0.1.1.

If you do not want to use a local forwarding nameserver then configure NetworkManager not to start a dnsmasq instance and not to insert that address. In /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf comment out the line dns=dnsmasq

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono
#dns=dnsmasq

and restart the NetworkManager service.

sudo restart network-manager

In this mode, NetworkManager updates /etc/resolv.conf (still via resolvconf) to include the nameserver addresses NetworkManager has for active connections.

If you want to disable the resolvconf mechanism for updating resolv.conf and just use a static resolv.conf file, do the following.

sudo rm -f /etc/resolv.conf  # Delete the symbolic link
sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf   # Create static file

# Content of static resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.4.4
nameserver 8.8.8.8


Diff'ing different versions of the same debian package

Afaik the only way to do this is to get the source and make the diff's your self. You can get the actual source used for compiling the packages with apt-get. fx:

apt-get source gwibber=2.30.2-0ubuntu3 gwibber=2.30.0.1-0ubuntu1
diff -rupN gwibber-2.30.0.1/ gwibber-2.30.2/

This will print out all differences between all files in a standard patch format.


How to add additional clock in Ubuntu 18.04?

There is a programm called gnome-clocks, where you can add timezones.

It will listen these timezones under your calendar.


How to make clock applet show "fuzzy" time?

There is a separate fuzzy-clock applet by Troy Rennie

Just two little problems I've noticed:
Nothing happens if you click on it, and it looks just very slightly wrong on ubuntu 10.10.

But other than that, it's fine.

http://code.google.com/p/fuzzy-clock/


Couldn't add or remove programs using ubuntu software center (USC)in Kubuntu 12.04

try to see if any apt-* program is still running in the background by using :

ps ax | grep apt

Then kill the process by its pid:

sudo kill -9 [pid]


Out of space, even when I have around 300gb free

The Error in your screenshot does not refer to the HDD space as you have rightfully pointed. It refers to the size of the "Device" in this case your tilestache cache.

Please check if there some junk files or old unused cache files. If so you can safely remove them and try again. In case you require further information, refer to the following thread.

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2177876

Also check how much inodes you have left,

use df -i
It should return something like

Filesystem      Inodes  IUsed   IFree IUse% Mounted on
udev            489954    491  489463    1% /dev
tmpfs           492649    483  492166    1% /run
/dev/sda5      3131408 246990 2884418    8% /
none            492649      2  492647    1% /sys/fs/cgroup

if there are sufficient inodes present there should be no reason why your cache cant grow. If this dint help either, please do revert with the output from the shell.


Python virtual environment creator (python-virtualenv) allows you to create a sandboxed and isolated environment where Python packages can be installed without interfering with other packages on the same machine. With several virtualenvs, many different pieces of Python software with different and even mutually exclusive dependencies can coexist together. You can install python-virtualenv from the default Ubuntu repositories in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu.

Set up a virtual environment for Python anywhere in your home directory, activate your Python virtual environment from the terminal, and then install whatever packages you need to be installed by pip locally in your virtual environment as a normal user using pip install.

Install Python virtual environment creator (virtualenv):

sudo apt install python-virtualenv virtualenv

Make a new directory (I'll call it PythonVirtualEnv in this example) for the Python virtual environment and setup the Python virtual environment with Python and pip in it.

    cd ~
    mkdir PythonVirtualEnv
    virtualenv PythonVirtualEnv

Install some packages.

    cd ~/PythonVirtualEnv
    source bin/activate
    python -m pip install <insert-name-of-package-here>

Deactivate the Python virtual environment before leaving it.

deactivate

Creating an environment with a custom Python interpreter

sudo apt install python3-virtualenv
cd ~
mkdir Python3VirtualEnv
virtualenv --python=/usr/bin/python3 Python3VirtualEnv # /usr/bin/python3 is the default location of the python3 executable
cd ~/Python3VirtualEnv
source bin/activate
python3 -m pip install <insert-name-of-package-here>


One power-button to boot windows 10 and the other with ubuntu?

First off you have to find the grub entries present in your system via

grep -i "menuentry '" /etc/grub/grub.cfg

For ubuntu linux , the menuentry should look like this

Ubuntu, with Linux 5.4.0-18-generic (on /dev/sdaX)

and for Windows 10

Windows Boot Manager (on /dev/sdaX)

so in order to boot to the windows next time you reboot , you have to make a shell script like this :

#!/bin/bash
grub-reboot "Windows Boot Manager (on /dev/sdaX)"
reboot

You can save it as for example boot_win.sh and you have to make it executable(by default new shell scripts haven't the exec permission) via :

chmod +x /whatever/directory/it's/in/boot_win.sh

and
 assign a custom shortcut for it.


How can I stop GNOME 3 from asking my wireless password multiple times?

I will assume you're running Network Manager. Right Click on the Network Manager symbol (in the top row on your screen. On my system, it is just Left of my speaker symbol), scroll down to "Edit Connections". A popup will open. Click on the  "Wireless tab". "Add" or "Edit" a connection, and fill in your information in all of the tabs.

To find out what's happening, here's what I would do:

Do nothing, until the password prompt pops up again.
Deal with the password prompt.
Do ls -lrt /var/log to get a list of recently modified log files.
Look at the last several lines of each recently modified log file. Either post the messages here, or figure out what they mean on your own.

Possibly the wireless AP you're connecting to is getting reset somehow.


We can't tell you why it's failing without you providing significantly more information--the exact make and model of your Mac Mini, what file you've downloaded, if you've verified its integrity (see below), precisely how you're trying to burn it and how you're trying to write it to a USB flash drive, with what utility, what settings, (for the burn) what speed, whether it's DVD+R or DVD-R and the make and model of your DVD drive (which you can usually get in the Windows device manager -- Start > Run... > devmgmt.msc; and on the Mac, in Apple System Profiler or, better, in the manuals).

I can give you some tips, though:

You're installing on a Mac, so if you're installing the 64-bit version of Ubuntu, use the Mac image. (This is not a CPU difference; rather, Macs can have trouble booting the usual, multi-catalog ISO images.) So if you're installing the 64-bit version, make sure you use the ISO image with amd64+mac in the name--not just amd64. (That's this one.)

Now that is assuming your Mac Mini has an Intel processor. But if you have an old Mac Mini, that is not the case. If you have a Mac with a PPC processor (probably a G5), you'll have to use the PPC version of Ubuntu (available here). On the other hand, if your Mac has an Intel processor, make sure you are not using that version.
MD5SUM the ISO image; make sure it's good.
Make sure you're burning the ISO to the DVD properly (see the Windows and OS X instructions). In particular (and while you may know this many people do not): don't make a DVD with one file on it such that this file is the ISO, and don't unpack the ISO image and burn its contents to DVD.
Burn the DVD at the slowest possible speed. This can often reduce errors and lessen the impact of any damage or incompatibilities between the DVD media and your drive.
Check to see that your DVD media is not damaged before you start the burn, and make sure it is compatible with your burner in both type (there's DVD-R and DVD+R, and there's single and dual layer for each) and speed (discs have a maximum speed).
Make sure the DVD media are of a type compatible with the machine on which you're trying to install. Remember that many computers are capable of reading media they cannot boot.
You have not said how it fails. If it doesn't boot at all--the same as if you'd put an unbootable data DVD or a blank DVD in the drive--then try booting it on the other computer (the Windows XP machine). Hold down Shift and select Check disc for defects--see if there are errors. If any files are shown to be bad, that means it's a bad burn, you shouldn't attempt to install from that DVD, and corruption elsewhere on it may explain why it didn't boot at all on the Mac. On the other hand, if it boots on the Mac but doesn't get very far then try to run Check disc for defects on the Mac. (This doesn't just test the DVD installation medium but also will indicate failure if your computer is unable to read the disc.)

For trying to install from USB:

Use the correct ISO image (as explained above).
MD5SUM the ISO image (as above).
Make sure you're writing the USB flash drive correctly. This is likely what's going wrong. A USB flash drive created using UNetbootin or the Universal USB Installer will not boot on a Mac. You must instead open Applications > Utilities > Terminal in OS X and use this technique.
As with the DVD, try booting the USB flash drive on the PC if it cannot boot on the Mac, and run Check disc for defects (see above for more detailed explanation). In spite of its confusing name, this boot menu option applies equally to CD/DVD and USB media.

Hopefully that has enabled you to solve the problem. But if not, you can edit your question to describe in detail what happened when you tried all this (and also what happened originally--exactly how you'd created the DVD and USB media, how you tried to boot it, what happened when you tried to boot it, and so forth).

For people using this answer other than this question's author, you can post a new question, providing this information. (If this and any other answers here don't help you, you should probably not assume you have exactly the same problem.)


Repartitioned, but stil out of space on VMWare Ubuntu 13.04 64 Bit

I have figured out the answer and will post it here for others to use.

Once I had run GParted and checked the drive for errors, I needed to compress the drive in VMWare before loading the virtual machine. After doing so, the out of space errors went away.

So in order to add space to the main partition in an Ubuntu virtual machine:

Add space in VMWare tools
Boot to a live cd of GParted and increase the size of your partition. (This may involve multiple steps if you need to shift partitions around to get to the continuous free space).
Run the check command in GParted to find any errors in your newly enlarged partition.
Close the virtual machine (Currently in GParted)
Open the virtual machine settings and compress the drive (this will take a while).
Reboot into the normal OS. Everything should be working. Use disk usage analyzer to verify the sizes and space are correct.

Hopefully, this will be useful to others who run into the same issue.


Which Ubuntu can I install in my computer?

It depends on your CPU, not the motherboard. If your CPU supports 64-bit you should use the 64-bit.


Actually all applets on the desktop can be modified within this file.
This helped also with removing the corrupted folderview-plasmoid from the desktop.

  ~/.kde/share/config/plasma-desktop-appletsrc


Ubuntu Software Center - Install errors

I have not really an answer, but try to start Ubuntu Software Center over the Terminal and look what it shows up, when you install some software.

Or try to install the same software via sudo apt-get install xxxxx. Maybe there s an Error Message that could explain what s going on there.

Kind regards


Is it possible to run four os's on a single laptop with 1TB HDD AND 8GB RAM

Yes, this is definitely possible. During install, choose 'manual' installation. Choose the correct partition, and mark swap appropriately.


To have a Virtualbox shared folder on the Ubuntu guest's desktop we will have to create a shared folder to then mount it. See these related questions:

Error mounting VirtualBox shared folders in an Ubuntu guest
How to mount a VirtualBox shared folder at startup?
How to access a shared folder in VirtualBox?

If this was successful we need to give our Ubuntu user privileges to read (or write) these shared folders by granting them access to the group vboxsf. Run this command from a terminal in the guest:

sudo usermod -aG vboxsf <username>

Both, shared folders auto-mounting to /media/<username>/sf_<sharename>, and user membership in the group vboxsf need a reboot of the guest.

We can then simply drag and drop the shared folder to the guest's desktop for easy access:

To access from guest applications we give the mountpoint (i.e. the path) to the share (when auto-mounted in /media/<username>/sf_<sharename>) in the file-selector.


Is it possible to apply any themes to improve the appearance of Evolution?

Evolution uses the same theme as your other desktop applications but it will probably look as dull as it is now. So you are out of luck there.

To make this worthy answering I can advise on some cool themes made for Ubuntu 11.04 that also adjust evolution. This will install 3 themes:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tiheum/equinox
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gtk2-engines-equinox equinox-theme
sudo apt-get install faenza-icon-theme

named Equinox Evolution Dawn, Equinox Evolution Dusk and Equinox Evolution Midnight and a Faenza icon set that go with it.

Default Ambiance:

Midnight:

Dusk:

(dawn is another light version of this)

But basically it is the same layout with the same icon set and another color.


Gnome 3 fails to login, blank screen - Intel i915

It was the nvidia driver. Installed to provide opencv...

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-319-updates

Fixed it. I can't understand why it installed that package in the first place. Anyway, now it works.


welcome to the askUbuntu forum. To be honest your question requires further description of the problem, so we can give you some valuable feedback.

Anyhow, I since you mentioned that your tower fall over, I would say that there is a chance that your hard disk was damaged. Especially if the PC was turned on at that moment.

To check your hard disk for any problems, you can use the 'Disk Utility' in Ubuntu.

Howto:  Click here and go to 'Checking you HDD or SDD' section

Also you can force a file system check on the next reboot you perform.

Use the following command to do so. Note that this takes some time to complete.

sudo touch /forcefsck

Hope that helps :-)


Ubuntu 12.04 does not start on MacBook Pro: Black screen

I've seen this issue with several dual card Macbooks & Linux
check out the solution proposed in this post


Your hard disk might have no partitions yet.Therefore it's not usable until you make a partition.

You can install the software gParted from Ubuntu software center, and make a new partition in your new hard disk.

Open gParted and select the correct drive from top right drop down list:

Choose Device menu > Create Partition Table

Create a new msdos partition table.

Now add a new partition to the table by right clicking on unallocated space.

Setup your partition:
(TIP: Ext4 file system is efficient. NTFS file system is supported by Microsoft Windows)

Once done click on the right button:

Its is better to reboot your computer. Then your new hard disk will be available to use.


Ethernet disconnects after a few minutes

I would suggest you to try some of these.
If you need to find out which packages were updated, in Synaptic package manager Click file > history. Search for the date of your last update, then click the plus sign next to it. When it opens, click the label with your month, day, year.
This will tell you, what updates you had made, and there is a screenshot that will show you how it look like. You have now a list of your updates to help you troubleshoot the problem. You can either remove them through Synaptic or the terminal, or reinstall old versions using command like:
sudo dpkg -i "packagename"
So Your command should look like for eg:
sudo dpkg -i evolution-common_2.48.1-0ubuntu16.04
Good luck.


Why does `xmodmap` not always load `.Xmodmap` on login?

I would look into ~/.xinitrc,
but there is a myriad of other possibilities depending on your window
manager or desktop environment (see, for example, How do I set Xmodmap on login?). There is not enough information in the question to find it out.
But remapping CapsLock to Escape is one of the canonical mappings provided
by the the XKB extension, as listed in man xkeyboard-config.
Just issue
setxkbmap -option 'caps:escape'

and voilà, CapsLock is an Escape. It can be made persistent
by editing the "XKBOPTIONS" line of /etc/default/keyboard:
XKBOPTIONS="caps:escape"

Debian and Ubuntu set the keyboard based on that very file, so it is a reliable solution. You can delete .Xmodmap then and just make sure no other program meddles with the keymap.


E: Malformed line 1 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bitdefender.list (dist) E: The list of sources could not be read

I have had the same error message. I solved it just commenting (using #) the two lines from the file bitdefender.list. Check the /etc/apt/sources.list.d for bitdefender.list file. If it is there, do the following:

sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bitdefender.list

Then, comment out the lines by inserting # at the beginning of each line.

Save the file and try sudo apt-get update in the terminal to check if the problem was solved.


"Everyone" is right ;) To use servlets, you need to a web container. XAMPP includes the Apache HTTP server as a webserver, and the Apache HTTP server does not offer a web container. You need something like Tomcat or JBoss/WildFly.


I don't have access to a Kubuntu desktop at the moment, but you can try to add it system wide.

Open the /etc/default/keyboard file for editing. If you for instance have the English (US) layout set by default, you probably find these two lines:

XKBLAYOUT="us"
XKBVARIANT=""

You can add Slovak by changing those lines so they look like this:

XKBLAYOUT="us,sk"
XKBVARIANT=","

Hopefully Slovak will then be available after next reboot.

Edit:

/etc/default/keyboard corresponding to setxkbmap() command in comment:

XKBLAYOUT="us,sk"
BACKSPACE="guess"
XKBVARIANT=",qwerty"
XKBMODEL="pc105"
XKBOPTIONS="grp:alt_shift_toggle"


will dual-boot (windows 10 & kubuntu) work with rEFind?

It's safe to let the Ubuntu installer automatically install grub on any type of SSD. Even if one of the OSs in the dual boot doesn't boot the first time after installing Ubuntu, it's usually possible to repair grub by running the Boot-Repair application.

Links:

Unable to boot into Windows after installing Ubuntu, how to fix?
Can't boot into Ubuntu in Windows 10 / Ubuntu dual boot
Add Windows 10 to GRUB OS list
How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)
Problem with dual booting Windows 10 and Ubuntu 16.04


just installed 12.10 but cant find disk utility

The tool you're looking for is Disks (gnome-disks in terminal), indeed. Press the "two-cog" buttons and you'll find the Test/SMART and Benchmark options.


How to update a .so link in program path?

I have to remove the old .so files from /usr/local/lib and rerun my script and now it is running.


MediathekView does not start in Kubuntu 18.10 (cosmic)

This issue does not exist with full versions of MediathekView which can be downloaded from the official website here; this version comes with the missing libraries inside a lib folder; version 13.2.1, the latest at the time of this answer worked well for me. The installation only consists of unpacking the archive. The file MediathekView.jar starts the application, the lib folder is required for the application to start.

Starting MediathekView using the command java -jar MediathekView.jar will not work though; this new error is thrown:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javafx/concurrent/Task

For some reason JavaFX is not found. First you must make sure that the package libopenjfx-java is installed; since it is a dependency of MediathekView it should be already installed. Then all the JAR files for JavaFX must be added by hand to the class path when starting MediathekView:

java -cp MediathekView.jar:/usr/share/java/javafx-base-11.jar:/usr/share/java/javafx-controls-11.jar:/usr/share/java/javafx-fxml-11.jar:/usr/share/java/javafx-graphics-11.jar:/usr/share/java/javafx-media-11.jar:/usr/share/java/javafx-swing-11.jar:/usr/share/java/javafx-web-11.jar mediathek.Main

You can add a path in front of MediathekView.jar to match the location where you unpacked the installation package.

MediathekView should start, the splash screen will not work though.

And MediathekView has a picky Java version check built in and will complain about with some specific JDK release numbers; for instance OpenJDK 11 will work but not the bug fixed version OpenJDK 11.0.1.


how to remove current tasks from cron service?

Use crontab -e to edit your cron tasks, commenting unneccessary tasks and combining a lot of tasks into fewer using scripts to combine them.

If you have admin privileges, you could also check other users' cron tasks numbers and tell them to optimize tasks number by using scripts: crontab -e -u user

To see all cron jobs, you could try cat var/spool/cron/crontabs/*/* depending your crontab files location.

  To see which "cron" processes belong to user :

pgrep -u username cron

  To kill those processes:

pkill -u username cron

Reference


Your computer is Ubuntu Certified, which means regardless of the software that runs on it, the firmware has been hardened to "just work" on Linux, which is the most important part of the hardware enablement work. Looking at the parts list, I don't see anything exceptional that you would have a problem with. As with all upgrades, ensure that you have a backup of your most critical information before proceeding. Also, regarding your BIOS, if it's working fine, please please don't change it :). It would be really helpful if you ran the Ubuntu Friendly suite to let us know how your platform is doing. Hope this helps.


OSx is unable to verify the image and throws an error stating that the .iso file does not contain a recognizable filesystem. This link should help.


Navigate to Edit - Account Settings - Server Settings and set "Local directory" (using the Browse button) to your folder of choice.


How can I extract the data from a corrupted .docx file?

Run this:

cp portfolio.docx portfolio.zip

Or just rename portfolio.docx to portfolio.zip, and you should be able to open the resultant portfolio.zip file with Archive Manager, and extract them.

Edit: I just ran a quick check, the files are likely to be in word/document.xml or docProps/core.xml in the extracted folder.

Another Edit: If the resultant zip file is corrupted, look here.


Keyboard randomly stops working. Switch to console mode and back fixes it

Turns out for me that I had a stuck button on my mouse that kept bringing the help menu up.  When I switched mice the problem stopped.  I never noticed this with the mouse on osx since the button didn't map to anything.


You will need to use swapoff and swapon to fix the problem, because you need to reformat the swap to the full size of the partition, and you cannot do this while it is in use.

First type:

sudo swaplabel /dev/sdb2

You should see something like:

UUID:  ad49d796-e9d9-4bde-8d28-a920c3727d48

If so, now type the following VERY carefully, where <UUID> should be replaced with the value after the UUID: you personally got when you ran the previous command.

sudo swapoff /dev/sdb2
sudo mkswap -U <UUID> /dev/sdb2
sudo swapon  /dev/sdb2


APT - how to install recommended packages after installing with --no-install-recommends switch?

You can run apt-cache show package_you_care_about | grep Recommends.

This will show you all the recommended packages for that particular package. You can then install all the packages there.

For example, with gedit:

apt-cache show gedit | grep Recommends
output: Recommends: gir1.2-gtksource-3.0, zenity, yelp
sudo apt-get install gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 zenity yelp


The easiest way to install drivers for this new card is to run

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa

You will get an option to switch adapters (PRIME) in Nvidia X Server Settings.


Landscape : Can't create an account : Personal server

You have a hostname/DNS issue. A quick fix would be to add an entry for "10.0.2.44 landscape" in the /etc/hosts file of the machine you are using to access landscape from.


This bugged me for ages.  This is my solution that works:

Locate the file dvips35.map

locate dvips35.map

In my case it is in

/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/tetex/dvips35.map

Create a new file called .dvipsrc in your home directory

gedit $HOME/.dvipsrc

And copy and paste the following:

p +/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/tetex/dvips35.map

Run  updmap to update the configuration. Helvetica and Times-Roman should now be available.

If you have root access you can add the line in step 3 at the end of the file

sudo gedit /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/dvips/config/config.ps

and run sudo updmap-sys. The above location is 14.04. You can locate your own config.ps file using:

locate config.ps


Cross-installing programs to share them between Windows and Ubuntu

You are not going to be able to install programs in the third partition so they can run on both OSes. There is a reason why you need to have different downloads depending on your OS, each OS has many different requirements for software.

You should be able to set it us so that licenses are shared, if you need them, and you may be able to set it up so that files that are produced are shared automatically, and maybe even IDE setting but the programs themselves will have to be installed in each system.

One workaround might be to set up x11 forwarding from one OS to the other but that would require you to have both OSes running at the same time which would be quite janky.

As a side note if you had 2 partitions with Ubuntu instead of Ubuntu and Windows this probably would be possible.