as mentioned in a comment, I also recommend fcitx-mozc

very good. anthy works well as well

this is the packages I have installed in 20.04

fcitx/focal,focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 all [installed,automatic]
fcitx-bin/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-config-common/focal,focal,now 0.4.10-3 all [installed,automatic]
fcitx-config-gtk/focal,now 0.4.10-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-data/focal,focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 all [installed,automatic]
fcitx-dbus-status/focal,now 2016062301-3 amd64 [installed]
fcitx-frontend-all/focal,focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 all [installed,automatic]
fcitx-frontend-gtk2/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-frontend-gtk3/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-frontend-qt5/focal,now 1.2.4-1build2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-hangul/focal,now 0.3.1-2 amd64 [installed]
fcitx-m17n/focal,now 0.2.4-2 amd64 [installed]
fcitx-module-dbus/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-module-kimpanel/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-module-lua/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-module-x11/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-modules/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed]
fcitx-mozc/focal,now 2.23.2815.102+dfsg-8ubuntu1 amd64 [installed]
fcitx-pinyin/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-table/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-table-emoji/focal,focal,now 0.2.4-2 all [installed]
fcitx-ui-classic/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
fcitx-ui-qimpanel/focal,now 2.1.3-2build1 amd64 [installed]
fcitx5-module-quickphrase-editor/focal,now 1.2.4-1build2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libfcitx-config4/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libfcitx-core0/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libfcitx-gclient1/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libfcitx-qt5-1/focal,now 1.2.4-1build2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libfcitx-qt5-data/focal,focal,now 1.2.4-1build2 all [installed,automatic]
libfcitx-utils0/focal,now 1:4.2.9.7-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]

hope this helps


You can upgrade but it's a long, complicated and bandwidth-intensive process. Even on a good connection, it'll take hours. You're also years behind on security updates so I'm not sure how much I'd trust your existing install. A fresh install is much quicker.

Install a lighter spin of Ubuntu like Lubuntu (620MB). To be clear, this is a very different desktop to what you were using but it works and it's very lightweight (so faster on old hardware).
Use USB instead of CD. It's much easier to find a 2GB USB stick than replace a CD drive.
Combine the two and install a lighter desktop from USB. Xubuntu is another popular choice for older hardware that isn't quite as compromised (perhaps the wrong word) as Lubuntu's LXDE.
Install Ubuntu Server (under 600MB) and then install the ubuntu-desktop metapackage... Or another desktop environment depending on what you want. The installer isn't as pretty but it fits on a CD.

I preference this over the Minimal installer because all the minimal install does is download many of the same packages when it loads up. At least when you get the Ubuntu Server installer, you're still in a nice environment. And both use an entire CD...

There are a lot of different Ubuntu versions that might be worth investigating. Ubuntu-MATE (installable through the mate-desktop package) is probably going to be the closest experience to 10.10, but you'll have to go through Lubuntu or Ubuntu Server to get there.


Frustrated with Ubuntu and SoftwareRaid 5

I did not use a RAID 1 for my boot partition on each drive...is that a must?

In the instructions immediately under the installation section's first image, there is a warning in bold that states:

Warning: the /boot filesystem cannot use any softRAID level other than 1

I assume this is where things may be going wrong.

This is one reason why I stick to hardware RAID controllers as opposed to software - less chance of user errors, less chance of corruption, etc. :)


error: XDG_RUNTIME_DIR not set in the environment

Create a new policy rule in /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/

sudo nano /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/wireshark.policy

and add the lines below:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE policyconfig PUBLIC
 "-//freedesktop//DTD PolicyKit Policy Configuration 1.0//EN"
 "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/PolicyKit/1/policyconfig.dtd">

<policyconfig>

  <action id="org.freedesktop.policykit.pkexec.run-wireshark">
    <description>Run FlashTool</description>
    <message>Authentication is required to run Wireshark</message>
    <defaults>
      <allow_any>no</allow_any>
      <allow_inactive>no</allow_inactive>
      <allow_active>auth_admin_keep</allow_active>
    </defaults>
    <annotate key="org.freedesktop.policykit.exec.path">/usr/bin/wireshark</annotate>
    <annotate key="org.freedesktop.policykit.exec.allow_gui">TRUE</annotate>
  </action>

</policyconfig>

Then create a new script wireshark-pkexec

sudo nano /usr/bin/wireshark-pkexec

and add the lines below:

#!/bin/sh
pkexec "wireshark" "$@"

and add the executable flag

sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/wireshark-pkexec

And finally create a new desktop file

nano /usr/share/applications/wireshark-pkexec.desktop

and add the lines below:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Wireshark as root
GenericName=Network Analyzer
Comment=Network traffic analyzer
Exec=wireshark-pkexec %f
Icon=wireshark
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=GNOME;Network;
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=application/vnd.tcpdump.pcap;application/x-pcapng;application/x-snoop;application/x-iptrace;application/x-lanalyzer;application/x-nettl;application/x-radcom;application/x-etherpeek;application/x-visualnetworks;application/x-netinstobserver;application/x-5view;

Restart Unity/GNOME Shell and start Wireshark as root


How to meet python3 dependency with existing python?

You can eventually change this, but its going to lead to a lot of pain. I'd recommend using a virtualenv rather than trying to change the system defaults:
python3.7 -m venv myvirtualenv
cd myvirtualenv
source ./bin/activate

you can now use pip to install whatever you need, and it will be installed in this separate environment. When you need to run the app, just source bin/activate again.


Logging in with google account credentials?

Short of setting your username as your google account name and your password as your google account password (which doesn't do anything really but make it more convenient to remember verything) I'd say no.


Cannot change login background / Also not auto changing

It won't work if your home folder on the machine is encrypted. This will be because it will need access to that image for it to work, and it can't if it is encrypted. There are varying ways of doing this:

You can decrypt you home directory Be VERY Careful..

Or just use an image outside the home directory, like the default ones in /usr/share/backgrounds, or just copy the file to /home or somewhere that is not encrypted, and then set it.

You can also Change the Wallpaper in LightDM

Hope this helps ;-)


Shutdown hangs on "A stop job is running to for Mysql Community Server"

Thats because you got problems with timezone settings:

  Got the same issue, found a possible explanation: my cloud provider store time in local timezone (earlier than UTC); at startup MySQL boot first, then NTP, which updates the time to UTC; therefore, MySQL literally "started in the future" (sounds interesting).

Running sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata should do the trick

Source: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mysql-5.7/+bug/1600164/comments/11


Fan speed and heating problem on macbook pro 9,2 running Ubuntu 13.04

I literally just went through this process and wished that I had documented it better to help others.  I installed http://task3.cc/projects/mbpfan/ which seems to have helped a lot with the fan issues.  I also changed some settings for power management which might have helped fan control indirectly (see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/PowerManagement/PowerSavingTweaks). Let me know if this helps at all, if not I can try and retrace my steps in a more detailed manner.


This can be a starting point for your question. You can place a conditional statement withing the command to execute field in the Startup Application. This command will check what is the current desktop session and will act based on that. E.g.

  if [ "$DESKTOP_SESSION" == "ubuntu" ]; then (echo "Unity"); else (echo "Gnome") ; fi

The condition checks if it is Unity session and prints Unity if true. Otherwise, it will print Gnome.
You can replace the echo commands with any command you wish to execute or omit the else part.
Another example:

  if [ "$DESKTOP_SESSION" == "ubuntu" ]; then (shutter); fi

This will run Shutter application only in Unity.


Ubuntu doesn't detect Windows 10 during Ubuntu 20.04 installation

Create a new partition for Ubuntu.

Create new partition in windows in disk manager.

Then install the ubuntu OS on that disk

Install EasyBCD software in windows for create grub menu

or

Install Boot Repair and run in ubuntu for Create grub menu

We can install boot repair by the following command

   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
   sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

We can run the boot repair by the following command

 boot-repair

now you can use both os


Install pepperflash from the Ubuntu repositories, following this process from Ubuntu.


Mounting Windows 8 phone to transfer music

With an android phone, you need to connect to your computer as MTP. The phone should show up in nautilus automatically if you first, install the following packages:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gvfs-backends mtpfs jmtpfs libmtp-common mtp-tools libmtp-dev libmtp-runtime libmtp9

Reboot for the changes to take effect.

Then, after you plug the phone into the computer, it should automatically connect and appear in Nautilus.

If not, you should have some kind of an option (or maybe the option is in your settings) to connect as either: a camera (PTP to transfer photos), as a media device (MTP for use with transferring files between android and windows and android to Ubuntu), or as USB storage (recommended for XP users although I haven't had any luck with Ubuntu).

Again, you should select MTP if at all possible.

Like I said MTP is what you use for an Android when transferring files between android and windows so one can only assume that the people at microsoft would use the same protocol for windows phones as well, however, they have done crazier things in the past :)

Good Luck.


I don't think it's an "issue for a long time", so much as a misunderstanding about how VNC works.

First, if by "navigate on my desktop" you mean to interact with an existing physical desktop session, then stop reading now and install one of the desktop sharing VNC servers, such as x11vnc or Vino.

If you want a like-for-like replacement of Gnome components by XFCE components, then as near as I can tell that would be:

        Gnome         |      Component     |      XFCE       |
======================+====================+=================+
gnome-panel           |    Application     | xfce4-panel     |
                      | launcher / taskbar |                 |
gnome-settings-daemon |  Settings manager  | xfsettingsd     |
metacity              |   Window manager   | xfwm4           |
nautilus              |    File manager    | pcmanfm         |
gnome-terminal        | Terminal emulator  | xfce4-terminal  |
-------------------------------------------------------------+

so you could convert the gnome-based xstartup file to:

#!/bin/sh

export XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

xfce4-panel &
xfsettingsd &
xfwm4 &
pcmanfm &
xfce4-terminal &

However, that will still give you a "VNC grey screen" (albeit one with an application launcher, file manager, and terminal emulator). To get the familiar xfce4 blue desktop background you will probably want to add xfdesktop, giving:

#!/bin/sh

export XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

xfce4-panel &
xfsettingsd &
xfwm4 &
xfdesktop &
pcmanfm &
xfce4-terminal &

Alternatively, instead of starting the components individually, you could simply run startxfce4 directly from your ~/.vnc/xstartup file.


What are all the possible commands on Ubuntu Touch?

I'm not sure the exact answer but here's how you would find out...

find ${PATH//:/ } -maxdepth 1 -type f -executable -printf "%f\n" | sort -u

Assuming you have find and sort. This will return every executable file in your $PATH environment variable.


Controlling window placement in unity with twinview

Have you tried disabling the "Place windows" plugin in the Compiz configuration? This plugin was responsible for a similar issue in my two-monitor configuration.

See also this question.


Ubuntu 16 won't play youtube videos, sometimes

The follow appears to have worked for me:

Can I use Chrome's Pepper Flash with Firefox?

sudo aptitude --purge-unused purge flashplugin-installer adobe-flashplugin adobe-flash-properties-gtk adobe-flash-properties-kde browser-plugin-freshplayer-pepperflash

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pepperflashplugin-nonfree
sudo update-pepperflashplugin-nonfree --install


How do I turn on 'shutdown logging' or operating system tracing?

This may help with creating a program dump or catching a crash:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingProgramCrash


I am not able to install vmware on my pc with Kubuntu 17

You can either scroll to the bottom of the agreement and accept it, or alternatively you can  install using the --eulas-agreed flag to automatically accept the agreement.


Bash: Read Typed Input w/ Tab Parsing Into Array, Then Use Array Elements 1-by-1 With Grep

You can use

IFS=$'\t' read -p "Find What (TAB Separated): " -a WHAT

for QUERY in "${WHAT[@]}"
do
  echo $QUERY
done

to read the input. Input field separator (IFS) is set to tab and the input is stored in the array WHAT. ${WHAT[@]} holds all the elements of the array.The quotation is used to avoid re-parsing of the fields by the shell.


The Ubuntu SDK offers style components in Ubuntu.Components 1.2 version to allow app developers to customize components to their liking. PageHeadStyle is one such component that can be used to customize the page header throughout the app.

Before using this style component, one needs to first define a custom application theme which would include these custom style components and instruct the application to use this.

Creating a application theme can be done by either deriving it from an existing system theme provided in Ubuntu Touch like Ambiance or SuruDark, or creating a theme from scratch. The latter is definitely the recommended way of creating a new theme since there are many style API that are still unstable and could change in the future.

Let's define our application in a new folder called MyTheme. The second step would be to create a file called parent_theme where you put the URI of the theme your application theme derives from. Your parent_theme would look like,

// parent_theme
Ubuntu.Components.Themes.SuruDark

Let's also define our theme's palette colors by creating a file called Palette.qml,

// Palette.qml

import QtQuick 2.4
import Ubuntu.Components 1.2
import Ubuntu.Components.Themes.SuruDark 1.1 as SuruDark

SuruDark.Palette {
    normal.background: “#A21E1C”
    selected.backgroundText: “yellow”
}

Now let's use the PageHeadStyle to customize our page header by creating a file called PageHeadStyle.qml which has the following structure,

import QtQuick 2.4
import Ubuntu.Components 1.2
import Ubuntu.Components.Styles 1.2
import Ubuntu.Components.Themes.Ambiance 1.1 as Ambiance

Ambiance.PageHeadStyle {
   fontSize: "small"
   fontWeight: Font.DemiBold
   textLeftMargin: units.gu(10)
}

Your MyTheme folder structure should look like,

MyTheme
-- parent_theme
-- PageHeadStyle.qml
-- Palette.qml

And then in your main qml file where MainView is defined, you can load your application theme by,

// main.qml

import QtQuick 2.4
import Ubuntu.Components 1.2

MainView {
    // Your code comes here

    // Set your theme
    Component.onCompleted: Theme.name = “MyTheme”

}

And then your application should look like,

Voila, here's your themed app! You can find more details about ubuntu touch app development at developer.ubuntu.com where SDK developers blog about this. This application theming guide was created by Zsombor Egri (SDK Dev) here.

You can find the entire sample code here.


Well you could try and remove them from terminal. It seems that all the files you want to remove start with fonts-tlwg so you could do:

sudo apt-get remove fonts-tlwg-*

And that does the trick.


Bluetooth not working on Asus X555LN (14.10)

Your device isn't supported yet in the Ubuntu kernel, but that isn't a problem

wget https://www.dropbox.com/s/xbmm9vfg2fby2zn/fw-04ca_2006.hcd
sudo cp fw-04ca_2006.hcd /lib/firmware
sudo cp fw-04ca_2006.hcd /lib/firmware/brcm/BCM43142A0-04ca-2006.hcd

wget https://www.dropbox.com/s/dnlvxmw5l7mwn2d/bluetooth.tar.gz
tar -zxvf bluetooth.tar.gz
cd bluetooth
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
cp /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/Module.symvers Module.symvers
cp /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config
make -C /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build M=$PWD modules
sudo modprobe -r btusb
sudo cp btusb.ko /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/bluetooth/
sudo modprobe btusb

You might have to reboot and it should work for the current kernel.  If you do updates and your bluetooth quits working again after a reboot, you may have updated the kernel, then do the following

cd ~/bluetooth
make -C /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build M=$PWD clean
cp /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/Module.symvers Module.symvers
cp /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config
make -C /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build M=$PWD modules
sudo modprobe -r btusb
sudo cp btusb.ko /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/bluetooth/
sudo modprobe btusb

EDIT: Since it appears there might be an issue with xhci

echo "blacklist btusb | sudo tee /etc/modprobe./btusb.conf

gksudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Then add two lines above exit 0 so the last three lines are

sleep 40
modprobe btusb
exit 0

save, exit and reboot


Default highlighting color in Document Viewer

There is no way at this time to change the default colour, you can however change the colour of a single existing annotation by right it clicking and selecting "annotation properties".

If you'd like more options you can try the okular pdf reader which has a more powerful annotation system.


Loading Umax Astra Slim 600 scanner on Ubuntu

You do not need a driver most of the times since Linux works with generic drivers.
There is a package you might need though: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/en/man5/sane-umax.5.html

 sudo apt-get install libsane-common

From the manual:

  NAME

  sane-umax - SANE backend for UMAX scanners

  ABOUT THIS FILE

  This  file only is a short descripton of the umax-backend for sane! For detailled information take a look at sane-umax-doc.html (it is included in the sane source directory and in the xsane online help)!

  DESCRIPTION

  The  sane-umax library implements a SANE backend that provides acces to several  UMAX-SCSI-scanners  and  some  Linotye   Hell   SCSI-scanners, parallel-  and  USB-scanners  are  not  (and  propably  will  never be) supported! I suggest you hold one hand on the power-button of  the  scanner  while you try the first scans!


Printer status is not updating, so it won't print after update to Ubuntu 14.04

First run this command:

lspci | grep USB

you will get IDs like: 000:00:1a.0, 0000:00:1d.0

Then type these commands:

echo -n "0000:00:1a.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ehci_hcd/unbind
echo -n "0000:00:1d.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ehci_hcd/unbind
echo -n "0000:00:1a.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ehci_hcd/bind
echo -n "0000:00:1d.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ehci_hcd/bind

This will restart or reset USB in your Ubuntu. Now, try plugging in your printer again.


Where is the "unattended-upgrades" email notification template?

It's in the code. The mail body is generated programatically in Python. Look for the function send_summary_mail in /usr/bin/unattended-upgrade. As a result, it's not easy to change the mail content, since any edits to /usr/bin/unattended-upgrade will be lost when the unattended-upgrades package is updated.


hardware switch is turned off for networking

It sounds as though the wireless button was clicked and the wireless card was turned off.

from the HP/Compaq manual:

  The computer has a wireless button, one or more wireless devices, and
  one or two wireless lights, depending on the model. All of the
  wireless devices on your computer are enabled at the factory, so the
  wireless light is on (blue) when you turn on the computer. The
  wireless light indicates the overall power state of your wireless
  devices, not the status of individual devices. If the wireless light
  is blue, at least one wireless device is on. If the wireless light is
  off, all wireless devices are off.

The button should be where the #4 circle is below.


a directory that can't be seen on command line but is visible on nautilus; and that cannot be deleted

That is a temp file used normally by an application like video player (rarely) or some editor, or if you are copying files for example with rsync.
Sometimes those files are left there if app creating them is abruptly ended.
In most cases you can remove them with sudo or as root user


CLI line buffer: How to pipe to grep an output stream?

You can grep the output if you pipe stderr as well, e.g.:

$ play -n synth 25:00 pinknoise |& grep File
 File Size: 2.52G

From Pipelines section of GNU Bash manual:

  If ‘|&’ is used, command1’s standard error, in addition to its
  standard output, is connected to command2’s standard input through
  the pipe; it is shorthand for 2>&1 |. This implicit redirection of
  the standard error to the standard output is performed after any
  redirections specified by the command.

However, this will not work for the progress line: CLI commands usually test whether the output is to a terminal and discard updated output if it isn’t. We need a hacky workaround to get around that. First redirect the full output to a file:

play -n synth 25:00 pinknoise &>sox.log

This blocks the current terminal and you can not just send it to the background because then it discards the progress line again. So to get this line, open a second terminal in the same directory and process the file, e.g.:

$ grep In sox.log
In:0.00% 00:00:03.24 [00:00:00.00] Out:156k  [======|======] Hd:0.8 Clip:0
$ tail -n+10 sox.log; echo
In:0.00% 00:00:10.24 [00:00:00.00] Out:492k  [!=====|=====!] Hd:1.7 Clip:0

The advantage of using tail is that you also get the Aborted. line when the play exited:

$ tail -n+10 sox.log;echo
In:0.00% 00:00:12.80 [00:00:00.00] Out:614k  [======|======] Hd:0.7 Clip:0
Aborted.


No there is currently no OpenVPN charm (yet!).

There's an open bug report for OpenVPN here:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/charms/+bug/894136

To see if a service has a charm available you can just use the search box on http://jujucharms.com/


How to install a lastest version of package?

Ubuntu usually doesn't provide the very latest version of a package because Ubuntu focus on stability. So if you want to install a new version of a program, you can either download the code and compile from source (harder) or just use a PPA (easier).

Assuming you prefer the easier, just search in launchpad the package you want and you probably will find a PPA for what you're looking for. Here's Qtcreator PPA
https://launchpad.net/~alexey-ivanov/+archive/qtcreator

To install it, add the lines highlighted in the image
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/alexey-ivanov/qtcreator/ubuntu raring main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/alexey-ivanov/qtcreator/ubuntu raring main

in the end of your /etc/apt/sources.list file and run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade. Don't forget to change the raring to whether Ubuntu version you're using.


I solved it. I upgrade to 20.10 recently and then I've still got same problem. So, I digged into deeper and the solution was to create an xorg.conf with sudo X -configure command. Then I moved this file as /etc/X11/xorg.conf Reboot the machine. And it solved! Hope it will help you.


/usr/src/linux-headers-5.0.0-32-generic' arch/x86/Makefile:147: CONFIG_X86_X32 enabled but no binutils support

I had this problem just now.

Remove the spaces from your build path.

make -C /lib/modules/5.0.0-32-generic/build M=/home/nisrina/Documents/Bab 2 modules

should be

make -C /lib/modules/5.0.0-32-generic/build M=/home/nisrina/Documents/Bab_2_modules

I know this sounds like a silly fix , but it worked for me.


How to install programs from salvaged Ubuntu drive

Under no circumstances should you think of "copying over the directories above my home directory". Some of the directories like proc and dev are very special mounts.

Connect the external drive say under mnt.
chroot /mnt
dpkg -l


How to set Thunar as a default file manager?

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+t).
Run the following command:

exo-preferred-applications

Next, go to Utilities > Default File Manager, and choose the file manager that you want to use as your default.


How can I fix program icons that appear as a question mark in the Launcher?

.desktop files control the behavior of launcher shortcuts in Linux.  To check the icon in use, you will need to open the appropriate .desktop file that is located in either /usr/share/applications or in ~/.local/share/applications by typing the following command:  (I'm assuming you installed Eclipse from the software center, so the more likely option is in use:

sudo -H gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

If this file is empty, you will need to exit without saving, and substitute the path in the command.  Go down to the line marked Icon= and if there are any comments in it (designated by #), remove this comment, as i have heard of a bug that causes the icon to display, however i don't know if it has been fixed as yet.

If there is no Icon= line, find an appropriate icon in .png format and put the full path in this line including the Icon=.

Edit:

From the comments, you have said that you are running this from a link on the desktop.  The proper way to do this would be to create a desktop launcher and asscociate the icon from it.  To do this, open a terminal and type:

gedit ~/Desktop/eclipse.desktop

this will open a blank document.  To make it a launcher add this to the file, substituting the correct paths for both the Exec= and the Icon= lines:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Eclipse
Comment=Eclipse
Exec=<path_to_eclipse>/eclipse
Icon=<path_to_eclipse>/icon.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=GNOME;Application;Development;

Save and close, then make the file executable by typing chmod +x ~/Desktop/eclipse.desktop

Now, when you open this shortcut, the icon set will appear in the launcher.


One way to restart an instance of the X server is to run (from the commandline)

sudo service lightdm restart

For Ubuntu 15.04 and later:

sudo systemctl restart lightdm.service

and for Kubuntu 15.04 and later:

sudo systemctl stop sddm.service


Terminal command for checking/unchecking "Dim screen to save power"?

You can get its status by using gsettings command as following:

gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim

This will return "true" or "false". So if you want change its value use set option instead of get and type "true" to enable it or "false" to disable:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim true

Now if you don't want to dim the screen when you are on battery power you need some scripting, because that setting doesn't detect or watch the state that if you are on ac-power or on battery mode.

This can be done by using on_ac_power command inside a while-loop to checking whether the system  is running on AC power as following:

#!/bin/bash
while true
do
    if on_ac_power; then
        gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim true
    else
        gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim false
    fi
    sleep 60   # check the state in each 60 seconds
done

Save the script.ex: dimscreen.sh and run it by typing sh /path/to/dimscreen.sh in Terminal.

Also you can make it as a cron job in your crontab file.

#!/bin/bash
if on_ac_power; then
    gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim true
else
    gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim false
fi

Saving the script (example dimscreen.sh)
Make it executable chmod +x /path/to/dimscreen.sh
open the crontab file by VISUAL=gedit crontab -e or EDITOR=gedit crontab -e
Now copy and paste * * * * * /path/to/dimscreen.sh at end of it and save the file.
This will run your command/script every minute

    .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
    |  .------------- hour (0 - 23)
    |  |  .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
    |  |  |  .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
    |  |  |  |  .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
    |  |  |  |  |
    *  *  *  *  * command to be executed


What does the BTRFS warning "unhandled fiemap cache detected" mean?

Probably fixed with this
https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9803291/

It's fixed in 4.13.


Personal File Sharing, "packages are not installed"

Install the following

sudo apt-get install apache2-bin libapache2-mod-dnssd

and restart Personal File Sharing and enable sharing over the network.

Then, to share a folder, right-click and choose properties. Then use the Local Network Share tab to share it.

You should now be able to browse your network using Nautilus and mount this folder from other Ubuntu machines, but not from Windows machines.

I tested this on Ubuntu 17.04


You have a password set for the MySQL root user, but you are not using the same password now.  The link you posted has the correct solution.  The following commands should get you in:

sudo killall mysqld
sudo /usr/sbin/mysqld --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
mysql

Then, in the MySQL client:

set @password = password('your new password');
update mysql.user set Password=@password where User='root';

Once you've done that, you'll want to run sudo service mysql restart and try getting in as root again.


At first we need to install TeXLive:

sudo apt-get install texlive-latex-base texlive-latex-extra texlive-latex-recommended

Then get LaTeX for Malayalam tarball:

cd ~/Downloads
wget https://alex.org.in/wp-content/alex.org.in-uploads/2017/07/malayalam-latex-0.9.7.tar.gz
tar -xf malayalam-latex-0.9.7.tar.gz
cd malayalam-latex-0.9.7/
sudo ./install.sh # install agreeing with all default

Then create example file with contents from 3.3.1 of official PDF:

cat << EOF > test.mm
\documentclass[a4,12pt]{article}
\usepackage[rachana]{malayalam}
\begin{document}
\noindent

<m>
atiprAcInakAlaMmutalkkutanne shabdan"n"aLuTEyuM
bhAvahAvAdikaLuTEyuM sahAyattOTukUTi AshayaprakaTanaM
naTattAn manuSyaR paThiccukazhin~n~irunnu.
manuSyasharIrattinnuLLilttanneyuLLa h.rdayaM,
shvAsakOshaM ennI avayavan"n"aLuTe kramaMteRRAteyuLLa
calanaM avann tALabOdhattinnuLLa AdyapAThan"n"aL
nalkiyirikkaNaM. atupOlettanne prak.rtiyilninnuM
avan nityEna kELkkunna saMgItaM---atAyat pakSikaLuTe
kaLakUjanan"n"aL, kARRinRe maRmmarashabdaM, tEnIccakaLuTe
mULakkaM, ozhukunna veLLattinRe kaLakaLashabdaM,
muLan"kATukaLkkiTayilUTe kARRaTikkunpOzhuNTAkunna
cULaMviLi, m.rgan"n"aLuTe vividharItiyiluLLa shabdan"n"aL
tuTan"n"iyavayellAM---avanRe saMgItAsvAdanashESiyEyuM
kramaprav.rddhamAyi vaLaRttikkoNTuvannu. manuSyamastiSkkattinRe
vaLaRccayuTe tOtanusaricc madhurasvaran"n"aL kETTAsvadikkAnuLLa
ceviyuTe kazhiv dinaMprati vaLaRnnuvannu. jIvitOpAdhikaL
sanpAdikkAnuLLa kUTTAya pravaRttanan"n"aLkkiTayil
AshayavinimayattinRe AvashyakatayuM tanmUlaM bhASayuM
utbhaviccu vikasiccatupOlettanne jIvitaklEshan"n"aLkkiTayil
ninnu niR{}v.rtiyuM, kUTTAya addhvAnattinnuLLa pracOdanavuM
nETENTa AvashyattinnanusariccAN<<+ manuSyanRe
saMgItaparamAya kazhivukaLuM vaLaRnnu vikasiccat.
</m>

\end{document}
EOF

Note: I know nothing about Malayalam scripts, adjust file above for correct script.

Then pre-process this file:

mal test.mm rachana

Utility for pre-processing Malayalam LaTeX source files
Alex A.J. <tex@alex.org.in>

Using Rachana (old lipi)...

File successfully preprocessed.

Please run (pdf)LaTeX on the generated tex file.

run LaTeX

pdflatex test.tex

and see the output:

xdg-open test.pdf


Install GUI on Ubuntu server 14.04 Trusty Tahr - VirtualBox

I think you should install the corresponding metapackage gnome (should be the same as gnome-desktop-environment) instead of single other packages. Probably you're missing a dependency.

I recommend the following command:

sudo apt-get install gnome

Alternatively, if you don't want the full environment with all additional programs you might not necessarily need, you can also just install the core desktop:

sudo apt-get install gnome-core


Ubuntu One Control Panel constantly says "File Sync Starting"

Hello, Ryan.

Do you know for sure it's stalled? I read in this forums that Ubuntu One is too slow for syncing (e.g., compared to dropbox) and even tried to sync my files yesterday but couldn't made it in several hours (approx 150 MB), so I had to cancel.

In my attempt to use Ubuntu One I also erased a folder I had online with a few files, but the changed didn't apply in my desktop app until a couple of hours later. What you are experiencing may be due to this speed issue.


How can I fix a "disk not ready error" when booting from USB?

You should not be using /dev/anything in grub.cfg or /etc/fstab because device references are subject to change.  Instead you should be using the UUID.


Solved (actually kind of workaround):
The actual reason for the connection error was the NAS' sleeping HDD (Zyxel NAS326).

Solution: Wake up the NAS via somehow accessing its HDD (e.g. use the web interface) or do not let it sleep.
Then reboot Ubuntu and the mount works.

Note: Without the Ubuntu reboot the mount still does not work (same error code -111).
@AtomiX84: Thanks for the hint, but I already looked up the mentioned thread before my post.

Thanks to all reading my question


How can I make nautilus-gsku work in 11.10?

This is a known bug (link?) and there is a workaround for it:

Copy the old extension into the Nautilus 3 extensions folder with the following command:

sudo cp /usr/lib/nautilus/extensions-2.0/libnautilus-gksu.so /usr/lib/nautilus/extensions-3.0/

Then restart Nautilus:

From the command line with killall nautilus
or, log out and log back in


When moving a directory to another file system, and it runs out of space, are files removed?

Are files removed from /mnt/source/foo ?

Not until the command reports a succes on moving.

$ $ mv --version
mv (GNU coreutils) 8.25

and

$ info mv

has information on what happens:

  mvcan move any type of file from one file system to another.
  Prior to version 4.0 of the fileutils, mv could move only regular
  files between file systems.  For example, now mv can move an entire
  directory hierarchy including special device files from one partition to
  another. It first uses some of the same code that's used by cp -a to
  copy the requested directories and files, then (assuming the copy
  succeeded) it removes the originals.  If the copy fails, then the part
  that was copied to the destination partition is removed.  If you were to
  copy three directories from one partition to another and the copy of the
  first directory succeeded, but the second didn't, the first would be
  left on the destination partition and the second and third would be left
  on the original partition.

Mind the 2nd part in bold: it is done on each mv you do so

mv a b c /dir/

will remove "a" in between "a" and "b".


How do I pin an application to the unity dock when it is always fullscreen?

Open your dash
Search for the application
Click and drap the icon, drop it on the launcher


You can check the link using ls -l (which is usually aliased to just ll). You will see something like this:

 user42@localhost$ ll ~/Projetos
 lrwxrwxrwx 1 user42 user42    3 Sep 26 19:48 Projetos -> C#/

this means, that using the path /home/user42/Projetos will be substituted with /home/user42/C#. This path does not exist.

You probably wanted to use either

a correct relative link like ln -s media/Projects/C# ~/Projetos
or an absolute link like in ln -s $PWD/C#/ ~/Projetos


Is there a native Picasa version for Linux? How can I install it?

There is and there never was a native Picasa for Linux version.

What Google always did  was to wrap Picasa in a nice package containing Picasa and a custom version of Wine.

If you want to install Picasa in Linux it always has to use Wine, either installed by you or using the packages from Google that contain Wine. In the end its your choice and will lead to the same.

Because the Linux installation is just a Wine wrapper with the Windows binaries, Google has discontinued the support for Linux and the last available package in their repositories is for Ubuntu 11.10, version 3.0.

Google explains that if a Linux user needs to use Picasa he can use the Wine version installed in Ubuntu to run the Windows binaries, making no sense to invest time developing something extra.

Google wrong on their blog on April 20, 2012:

  "(...)today, we’re deprecating Picasa for Linux and will not be maintaining it moving forward.”
  (source)

They also explain that maintaining the package for Linux is becoming harder since and that is costing them time compared with Windows releases.

For instruction on how to install Picasa 3.9 in your system please have a look at

How would I install Picasa 3.9?

There are guides on that post that will help install Picasa 3.9 in your system, either by installing Wine and then Picasa with it, or by updating the Google package from version 3.0 to version 3.9.


There are no additional languages available on this system

First run sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales from the command line to adjust your locales setting.

Then open the Languages module from the System Settings.

There is an Add language button.

you can order multiple languages in order of preferences.
if some translations strings are missing, it will automatically fallback to your next favorite.

you need to logout and log back in after adding languages


Will 16.04 Unity 7 improvements be available in 14.04

As 14.04 is an LTS release and some programs may depending on the behavior how ubuntu 14.04 LTS does or does not things generally most of programs and libraries will stay in its major release and only minor updates or security fixes would be apllied to the distri.

Shorthand answer: Unity Enhancement of 16.04 would not be backported to 14.04 LTS

excerpt from ubuntu.com:

  Release Plan Details
  We start stabilizing the release early by significantly limiting the number of new features. We will choose which features we package into the LTS release, versus which ones we leave out and allow for users to optionally download and use from a separate archive.

  Avoid structural changes as far as possible, such as changing the default set of applications, lots of library transitions, or system layer changes (example: introducing KMS or hal → DeviceKit would not have been appropriate changes in a LTS).

  Furthermore, we define the LTS to be:

  Enterprise Focused: We are targeting server and multiple desktop installations, where the average user is moderately risk averse.

  Compatible with New Hardware: We will make point releases throughout the development cycle to provide functional support for new server and desktop hardware.

  More Tested: We will shorten the development window and extend the Beta cycle to allow for more testing and bug fixing

  and clearly state that it is not:

  A Feature-Based Release: We will focus on hardening functionality of existing features, versus introducing new ones1, except for in the areas of Online Services and Desktop Experience.

  Exceptions for priority projects will be documented.
  Because these two areas of development are relatively new, they still require new features to satisfy the original reasons for their creation


Not able to connect ethernet network to my ASUS laptop

First of all, try with another cable. Be sure that eth-wire has 4-pair inside ( totally 8 wires).

Then, if the problem persist, may be is a problem about autonegotiation.  Try to set the negotiation as manual at your Network Manager. Set as 100Mb/s

If the problem persist, we need more information:

open a terminal and look at mii-tool ethX where X is your
interface number. Here you can see in what state is your interface.
Can you post us this state during first 10 seconds and later?
Other important information is in ethtoolutil. Can you install it
via wifi sudo apt-get install ethtool

Run ethtool ethX where X is you interface number and post us your
information.
Model of your ASUS laptop and model of your router/switx where ASUS is connected


If you open Nautilus, the file browser, go to your HOME directory and press CTRL+H you will see then all the hidden files (since hidden files start with the DOT . character). Since you are talking about the .bash_profile, I am guessing you want to start via console instead of an interactive desktop.

The difference between .bash_profile and .bashrc is the following:

.bashrc is the one that you edit when you want to change the way xterm or gnome-terminal open the console. how the bash works in this interactive places.
.bash_profile is the one you edit when you want to change how bash works when you login via console (Like the same way you login to a Ubuntu server or when you press CTRL+ALT+F1 to start a terminal)

Since .bash_profile does not come by default, you can just create it. But as I understand the default .bash_profile is now called .profile which can be seen in the HOME directory. Both, .bashrc and .profile can be edited to change how bash works in both, interactive and console modes.

NOTE: If by some way you create .bash_profile, then Ubuntu wont read .profile but instead go directly to .bash_profile since both of them are the same but .bash_profile has more compatibility because of old ways. So basically you do not need .bash_profile if you have .profile. So just remember:

.bashrc - Interactive Console/Terminal (Gnome, KDE, Xfce...)

.profile - TTY Console/Terminal


I resolved it! Just 'System Settings' => 'Displays' and set from there :)


Need antivirus for Ubuntu? antivirus recommendations?

Antivirus should not be needed for Ubuntu. Linux is very secure, and there are very few viruses out there written for it, with most viruses being written for Windows or Mac.

The fact that most basic programs for Ubuntu are available through the default repositories in the Ubuntu Software Center also adds to the security. Programs found here have been verified as safe and have been tested on every version of Ubuntu they can be installed on.

Make sure you stay up-to-date with the Software Center, avoid downloading unknown .debs or tarballs (tar.gz usually), stay away from untrusted PPAs, and you should be perfectly fine.

Further reading: http://www.howtogeek.com/135392/htg-explains-why-you-dont-need-an-antivirus-on-linux-and-when-you-do/


Maybe you need to disable the firewall ... You can check if the ssh-server is working and listening the network by using nmap (need to install it first):

apt-get install nmap -y

nmap -p22 192.168.0.102

You need to see something like that which indicate that the port 22 (ssh port) is  open:

root@srkv12b3:/home/monitor# nmap  -p22 192.168.19.4
Starting Nmap 7.01 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2016-04-06 11:08 CEST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.19.4
Host is up (0.000033s latency).
PORT   STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open  ssh

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5.79 seconds


Remove a previously deselected package to install postgres?

The package you are searching for is postgresql-9.2 not potgresql according to the ppa you are using.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pitti/postgresql
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.2 libpq-dev


I had the same issues. There is a bug in the most recent kernel in 16.04. Here are the explicit steps I have done. Do the first one and, if it solves the problem for you, stop there. If not, go on.

1. Set the computer to boot with the previous kernel

Start with:

  uname -r

Mine says 4.13... Then do:

  grep -i "menuentry '" /boot/grub/grub.cfg

You will see the different menu entries in grub. In my case, together with "Ubuntu, with Linux 4.13..." there was a menu option to boot with the previous kernel. It said Ubuntu, with Linux 4.10.0-28-generic. In the same line you have something like 'gnulinux-4.10.0-28-generic-advanced...(a bunch of caracters here)' Copy that text, and then we have to tell grub2 to boot with that kernel by default:

  sudo cp /etc/default/grub /etc/default/grub.back

  sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Then I inserted this line:

  GRUB_DEFAULT="gnulinux-advanced-4a50e1e8-56d9-413e-9954-55648888a31d>gnulinux-4.10.0-28-generic-advanced-4a50e1e8-56d9-413e-9954-55648888a31d"

Please do not copy this line literally, but use the output of the previous grep command as said. Then save and,

  sudo update-grub

Then re-boot and check that the output of "uname -r" is the older kernel (4.10... in my case). You may be able to hibernate now, or not. If not, proceed to the next step.

2. Install different stuff to hibernate than the default one:

In my case, using the older kernel got rid of the black screen of death and allowed me to resume after hibernation, but the contents of the disk image were going wiped out, i.e. it was identical to a reboot, not hibernation. So I installed some shit that hibernates differently:

  sudo apt-get install uswsusp

Then close the terminal, open it again and type:

  sudo s2disk

This is supposed to hibernate the computer. If, after resuming, everything is as you left it, then you have solved the issue. But you still need to proceed to step 4 in order to tell Ubuntu that you want to use the new stuff by default and also that you want to have options to hibernate in the applications.

3. Tell grub 2 where the swap partition is:

It still didn't worked for me, so I had to tell grub where the swap partition is:

  cat /etc/fstab

I could read there "# swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation", so I edited grub again:

  sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

And added:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="intel_pstate=disable resume=/dev/sda2"

The important part is "resume=/dev/sda2" but the previous thing (intel blablabla) is there because of other reasons. Well, the next step is:

  sudo update-grub

Re-boot and try again to hibernate with some stuff going on (e.g. open a movie with vlc) with:

  sudo s2disk

If the stuff is still there after you resume, you have solved the issue.

4. Telling Ubuntu to use the new hibernation stuff you have installed instead of the default:

You have now to tell Ubuntu to use s2disk to hibernate instead of the stuff that comes by default:

  sudo gedit /etc/pm/config.d/00sleep_module

And insert there:

  SLEEP_MODULE="uswsusp"

Save and close the file. Then:

  sudo gedit /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/enable-hibernate.pkla

And insert there:

  [Re-enable hibernate by default in upower]

  Identity=unix-user:*

  Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate

  ResultActive=yes

  [Re-enable hibernate by default in logind]

  Identity=unix-user:*

  Action=org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate;org.freedesktop.login1.handle-hibernate-key;org.freedesktop.login1;org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-multiple-sessions;org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-ignore-inhibit

  ResultActive=yes

Reboot and try again.

5. If after running Step 4, you can't hibernate using sudo systemctl hibernate then do the following

Step 4 is not enough to make the switch to uswsusp in Ubuntu 18.10.

Edit the hibernation service

  sudo systemctl edit systemd-hibernate.service

And add the following

[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStartPre=-/bin/run-parts -v -a pre /usr/lib/systemd/system-sleep
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/s2disk
ExecStartPost=-/bin/run-parts -v --reverse -a post /usr/lib/systemd/system-sleep

Update systemd

  sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Test the setup by running the following

  sudo systemctl hibernate


Wubi installer  is taking ages to download

Download the wubi.exe file only (it is a relatively small executable). Do not run it, just download it.
Download the ISO image from one of the many mirrors, check which one will be fastest.
Put the ISO image in the same folder as the wubi.exe file.
Start wubi.exe and enjoy the blinking lights.


Simply press Enter to abort the countdown and start the highlighted option immediately.

From within Ubuntu, you can change the countdown timer value by opening the terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T and then typing:

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

to edit the configuration file.

Search for the line:

GRUB_TIMEOUT=30

and change it to:

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5

Then save the configuration file and exit the editor.

Next you need to compile the configuration file with:

sudo update-grub

then type exit to close the terminal.

When you boot again there will be a 5 second countdown instead of 30 seconds.


Dual-Boot Ubuntu 16.04.1 freeze on loading screen

As the comment suggested, you need to disable legacy boot using the options in the BIOS. That seemed to work for me facing this same issue with both Ubuntu 18.04 and 16.04 on a Dell Inspiron 15 5000, trying to dual boot with Windows 10.

To be specific the BIOS has two options relevant to Legacy Boot on the same tab where you select the boot preferences and add/delete boot options. Those are the ones you would want to modify (disable).

Also note that I had to reset these options in the BIOS back to their original settings after successfully installing Ubuntu because otherwise it prompts a system repair and fails to boot into Windows.


Docker build failed on npm install, reason: connect ECONNREFUSED 104.16.17.35:443

It could be an error handling the secure connection to registry.npmjs.org
Also, the steps shown in the error output don't match your Dockerfile (eg : missing the output of RUN ping -c 4 google.com), maybe you have edited your files afterward to check if dns resolving is working, and I believe so because the npm install error display the server ip.
To better identify the error, you can add a new step in your Dockerfile (before RUN npm install) :
RUN curl -v https://registry.npmjs.com/

Then run your build command again, curl will try to connect to the url and -v flag will output a lot of details, including the tls handshake. It will help understand what is really happening.
Side notes :

You can add --no-cache to the docker build command, it will force docker to execute every command from your Dockerfile (and not only the commands that come after a new/updated command) : docker build --no-cache -t myapp . A fresh build could be sometimes necessary.
You can add --pull to the docker build command, it will force docker to get the latest version of your base image : docker build --pull -t myapp . Usefull when you know the base has been updated.


USB WLAN problem after upgrading to 15.10

A simple solution is to add the user to the netdev group. This seems to be now needed for NetworkManager to reconnect. (Previously, it was only needed to edit f.ex. wifi settings)

Most direct way:

sudo nano /etc/group

append username to netdev line.

Command line utility:

sudo usermod -G netdev -a username


Dell Laptop Inspiron 17" 3793 brandnew - after Ubuntu install always boot failure to grub

its a problem with tpm-module
this:
sudo cp /etc/grub.d/40_custom /etc/grub.d/06_notpm
sudo bash -c 'echo "rmmod tpm" >> /etc/grub.d/06_notpm'
sudo update-grub

thanks a lot to:  @Dayworker (from dell-forum.de)


Is there a way to programmatically move and resize gnome windows?

You can do scripts using xdotool.

"What is xdotool?
This tool lets you simulate keyboard input and mouse activity, move and resize windows, etc. It does this using X11's XTEST extension and other Xlib functions."


Change default "open with" for Documents directory

If you have trouble opening any folder and therefor can not use "RightClick (Documents) > Open With Other Application... > File Browser" you can use this from command line

mimeopen -d ~/Downloads/

You will get a choice of options that are related to directories. Nautilus will be #1 in this list:

Please choose a default application for files of type inode/directory

    1) Open Folder  (nautilus-folder-handler)
    2) Other...

Make sure it says inode/directory and not inode/mount!

After choosing 1 all folders will be opened by Nautilus.

Ofcourse this list will have more options when you have more filemanagers have installed.


Why "./" is used to run ".sh" scripts in Unix?

The ./ is needed to tell bash interpreter where the script is located. There is a fixed set of directories that bash interpreter will check to run a command.

If your script is not in one of these directories than it will not find you script unless you specify the path. The ./ is telling the bash interpreter that the script is in the current directory.

You could also run the script from any other directory by using the full path.

e.g. ./script.sh from within /path/to is the same as running /path/to/script.sh from anywhere if the script is located in /path/to.

You can run echo $PATH to get a list of all the directories the bash interpreter will check. If you move you script or place a symbolic link in one the directories you will be able to execute it just using the file name script.


Can I make one monitor act like two, split in half

Well for getting an application to fill half the screen just drag the title bar into the side of the window and it will expand to half the screen.

The rest I don't believe is possible in Unity, this suggests it might work with another window management system http://www.justlinux.com/forum/showthread.php?t=144351


Installing libgirepository-1.0-1:i386 leads to strangeness

First you should know this is not a weired action, this is totally right and you some how asking for this action!!

So why this happens?

You want to install libgirepository-1.0-1:i386 , but you already have this
libgirepository-1.0-1 64 bit version, so here the system is asking you to replace the 64bit with this 32bit.

This replace has some consequences, if you choose to replace this means the system will delete libgirepository-1.0-1 and install the 32bit instead, so as this lib package will deleted then the system will delete other applications which depend on it, since those applications will be no longer available if this library is removed.

For example why totem will be removed, let's see the totem dependencies

$ apt-cache rdepends totem
totem
Reverse Depends:
  totem:i386
  totem:i386
  libtotem0:i386
  libtotem-dev:i386
  gnome-settings-daemon:i386
  totem-plugins-extra
  ubuntu-desktop
  totem-plugins
  totem-mozilla
  totem-dbg
  totem
 |nautilus
  libtotem0
  libtotem-dev
  gnome-settings-daemon
  totem:i386
  totem:i386
  libtotem0:i386
  libtotem-dev:i386
  gnome-settings-daemon:i386
  ubuntustudio-desktop
  ubuntu-sugar-remix
 |tunapie
  totem-plugins-extra
  totem-plugins-dvb-daemon
  totem-plugin-arte
  totem-plugin-arte
  streamtuner2
  remuco-totem
  gnome-core
  ezgo-multimedia
  bombono-dvd
  ubuntu-desktop
  totem-plugins
  totem-mozilla
  totem-dbg
  totem
 |nautilus
  libtotem0
  libtotem-dev
  gnome-settings-daemon

As you see above totem depends on libtotem0 and many other packages but let's take this package as example, now if you check the dependencies of the libgirepository-1.0-1 will show you also libtotem0 and many others, so to explain the example, if you delete the libgirepository-1.0-1 and want to install the 32 bit then you'll need to remove the libtotem0 to install its 32 bit also to be compatible with libgirepository-1.0-1 32bit and though you are going to remove totem(Even you don't mean it).

Hope things become clear now


Need to know best way to utilize LVM to backup Ubuntu

Yes, but you must do some CLI magic prior to launching the installer from the live cd.

Part 1:

Boot the live cd/usb, and select the "Try Ubuntu" option.
Note: unplug all USB storage devices not being used for the installation prior to booting. While not required, this precaution will help avoid disaster.
Press "Super" key (Windows key), then search for and run "gparted."
Once gparted is open, switch through the devices to identify which one is the USB flash drive from which you are booted (skip if booting from cd/dvd/bd and have no USB storage devices plugged in)
For instance, I have identified /dev/sdc as my USB flash drive by the size (roughly 8GB):

Select the drive from which you wish to initiate the boot process, delete all partitions from it (you can use a right-click menu), and create a 500MB ext4 filesystem at the beginning of the partition.

Note: I am creating these partitions on my USB drive for the sake of demonstration, but you want to create them on your primary boot storage device instead.

Note: After typing '500' into the "New size" field, I clicked the 'up arrow' next to the "Free space following" field once followed by a single click on the 'up arrow' next to the "New size" field to get a nice even 500MiB with the "Free space following" field automatically calcualted for me. It it is not really necessary to have exactly 500MiB here, though, so it won't hurt to be a few MiB off.

After this, use the remaining space on your primary boot drive to create a partition of type "lvm2 pv".

[Optional] - Select any additional disks that you would like to use for your Ubuntu installation, remove any existing partitions from it, and create a single "lvm2 pv" partition that spans the entire disk.
Review your changes carefully, record the device names of the "lvm2 pv" partitions you created (i.e. '/dev/sda2' and '/dev/sdb1' in my case), then click "Apply" then "Apply" again in the popup window warning you that data loss may ensue.

I am using 2x250GB HDDs in my installation. Here is what they look like in gparted:

Note: My pictures show that I have "mount points" specified; ignore this for now, as you will decide such configuration later.

My sda:

My sdb:

Part 2:

Press "Super" key, search for "Terminal" and open it.
Run sudo vgcreate <vgname> <pv1> <pv2> to create a volume group using the "lvm2 pv" partitions that you created with the vgname of your choice.
i.e. for me, assuming I wish to name my volume group ubuntuvg, it would be:

sudo vgcreate ubuntuvg /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb1

After the system reassures you that it has completed the task as requested, verify it yourself with sudo vgs. For me, this looks like this:

[16:01:58][mgodby@mg-ws1 ~]$ sudo vgs
  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  centos   2   3   0 wz--n- 465.28g 50.00g

Note: VG name says "centos" instead of "ubuntuvg" because it was created long before this tutorial was.
Remaining conscious of the total size of your new volume group, you may now plot out your filesystems and sizes for them. If you have the space for it, I recommend the following methodology:

Create a LV for swap that is 8GB in size
Create a LV for / (name this one "root") that is 50GB in size
Create a LV for /home that is 100GB in size (or larger if you have a greater amount of personal files and folders to move onto the system after installation).

Note: Resist the urge to use all of the space on your drives immediately because there is a beautiful command, lvextend, that will allow you to arbitrarily add unused space in the VG to any LV and extend the filesystem that it contains. i.e. if you run out of space on /home, you can simply lvextend -L +25G /dev/ubuntuvg/home -r (or something like that depending on what your vg and lv names are) to add 25GB to /home without offlining the filesystem.

Assuming you chose "ubuntuvg" for your VG name:

lvcreate -L 8G -n swap ubuntuvg
lvcreate -L 50G -n root ubuntuvg
lvcreate -L 100G -n home ubuntuvg

Run sudo lvgs as a sanity check to see that your LVs were created successfully:

Note: my "home" LV is actually 357GB since I have expanded it since my initial installation. This command should properly reflect a size of 150GB for "home" for you if you have followed the instructions exactly.

[16:06:38][mgodby@mg-ws1 ~]$ sudo lvs
  LV   VG     Attr      LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Copy%  Convert
  home centos -wi-ao--- 357.39g
  root centos -wi-ao---  50.00g
  swap centos -wi-ao---   7.89g

Part 3:

Click the icon for "Install Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS" and begin the process.
When you get to the screen labeled "Installation type", select "Something else" at the bottom, then click "Continue".
Select the 500 MiB ext4 you created in Part 1, Step 4; click the "Change" button, then specify the following options before clicking "OK":

Use as: "Ext4 journaling file system"
'check' the "Format the partition:" checkbox
Mount point: "/boot"

Select each LV that you created and specify the options as follows (assumes VG name of "ubuntuvg"; substitute "ubuntuvg" with actual vg name if necessary):

swap (/dev/mapper/ubuntuvg-swap)

Use as: "swap area"

root (/dev/mapper/ubuntuvg-root)

Use as: "Ext4 journaling file system"
'check' the "Format the partition:" checkbox
Mount point: "/"

home (/dev/mapper/ubuntuvg-home)

Use as: "Ext4 journaling file system"
'check' the "Format the partition:" checkbox
Mount point: "/home"

Ensure that the "Device for boot loader installation" specifies your primary boot drive. For me, this was "/dev/sda".
After reviewing your specified layout, click "Install Now" and reassure the system that you really meant what you said by clicking "Continue" on the popup window.
Following the instructions for the remainder of the install, reboot, and enjoy!


Unable to drag & drop icons & links from firefox (I'm New)

Try making a new profile. Follow FF's steps here:


Syntax error in bandwidthd package causing upgrades to break

Try this:

sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/bandwidthd.prerm ~/bandwidthd.prerm

sudo dpkg-reconfigure bandwidthd --force

sudo dpkg --purge --force-all bandwidthd


Java application (Minecraft) can't be launched from desktop

I figured this out. In case anyone else has a similar problem: I believe the reason it was not working is because the Minecraft server was looking for eula.txt in my current working directory.

I made a bash script which started with 'cd my_path' and then pointed the desktop shortcut to that. It now works.


How to change screen brightness on a Lenovo E46A?

This worked for me:

sudo apt-get install acpi


My internet connection turns off in 13.04

I just posted a similar issue - see WiFi issues after upgrade to 13.04 from 12.10 - HP Envy dv6 quad core with rt2800pci... seems like a recurring issue with 13.04 with wifi...


Ubuntu 17.04 - No internet connection in live session

Why do you want to use Ubuntu 17.04. Prob an earlier version of Ubuntu does not have the bug and works fine.

This has not really to do with you question, but handy to know when you have problem with networkmanager.

Remove modemmanager to avoid eventually conflict with the wireless driver. You don´t need it.

In terminal (the password will not be visible)

sudo apt remove modemmanager

Good Luck.


wget -qS -O- http://www.website.tld:portnumber will deliver the information to you directly for you to analyze and nmap will inspect the headers coming from a server with the command nmap -A -T4 www.website.tld (replace website.tld with the website you wish to study) and try to guess at what's running there. curl is less forthcoming, but if you do curl http://192.168.1.2:portnumber the last line returned will tell you which protocol a port expects.

The sysadmin of that site can block or provide misleading information, though, to make it tougher for script kiddies to perform attacks-from-a-can.


AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'SSL_ST_INIT'

This seems to be an error existent in older pyopenssl versions, in combination with changes in other related packages. There are a couple of bug reports relating to it (like https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=843631). Most people seem get it to work using a more recent version of pyopenssl. In order to not break your systems built in python packages, install new version of pyopenssl without sudo:

# if you need it for python3:
pip3 install pyopenssl

# or for python2:
pip install pyopenssl


How do I resolve a "low space" error when upgrading?

You can see how much free space is available to Ubuntu with df -h as Mark Rooney suggests. If you're really not sure what is taking up space, try running the Disk Usage Analyzer (under Accessories in your Gnome menu) which will give you a graphical overview of what is taking up space.

You also have a Disk Utility in your System > Administration menu which you may be able to use to expand or reduce the size of your various partitions.


How does rc job work / order of (contradicting) "start on ..." and "stop on ..." stanzas

The order of operations is very carefully maintained in upstart when processing events. Stops caused by an event are always done before starts. While linux is multi-process, upstart's event engine is not.

So, the runlevel command, which emits the 'runlevel' event, is received by the upstart state engine, and then processed by first doing all transitions from start to stop completely. This will block until the first rc is killed and dead. Then the transitions from stop to start are done, and the new rc job is started.

This is actually documented in the upstart source code:

    /* We stop first so that if an event is listed both as a
     * stop and start event, it causes an active running process
     * to be killed, the stop script then the start script to be
     * run.  In any other state, it has no special effect.
     *
     * (The other way around would be just strange, it'd cause
     * a process's start and stop scripts to be run without the
     * actual process).
     */

This probably belongs in the upstart cookbook, so I've opened a wishlist bug against it here:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/upstart-cookbook/+bug/745096


Cannot install libboost-all-dev because dependencies are not getting installed

Make sure you run

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

for keeping your Packages up-to-date. Try

sudo apt-get purge libboost-all-dev

for deleting the package with all attached files and then use

sudo apt-get install -f libboost-all-dev

For installing all again.


Trying run ColdFusion 10 on Ubuntu 14 with apache2?

ColdFusion 10 doesn't work with Apache 2.4.x so I had to upgrade to ColdFusion 11 and that solved the problem.


How to reenable default window decoration/theme of Ubuntu Kylin?

Open a terminal by ctrl-alt-t, and then type the following commands:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme ubuntukylin-theme
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme ubuntukylin-icon-theme


You can't do anything about it as it is the typical time it takes to load Ubuntu systems. You can try disabling some services but it might be risky and cause system instability.


Missing write access to /usr/local/lib/node_modules

As describe on npm documentation you can:

Back up your computer.
On the command line, in your home directory, create a directory for global installations:
mkdir ~/.npm-global
Configure npm to use the new directory path:
npm config set prefix '~/.npm-global'
In your preferred text editor, open or create a ~/.profile file and add this line:
export PATH=~/.npm-global/bin:$PATH
On the command line, update your system variables:
source ~/.profile
To test your new configuration, install a package globally without using sudo:
npm install -g jshint

Instead of steps 2-4, you can use the corresponding ENV variable (e.g. if you don’t want to modify ~/.profile):
NPM_CONFIG_PREFIX=~/.npm-global


How to install Python and wxPython offline?

Generally, installing packages offline is well... drama. You can download the .deb files from http://packages.ubuntu.com/raring, but you have to be very careful. You should  also download and install all dependencies, which can be tens and even hundreds for some packages. Normally, sudo apt-get install [package_name] does this all for you automatically, but doing it manually is a hell of a job.

That said: Base Python is installed by default on Ubuntu.
wxPython is downloadable here, but be sure to first download and install all dependencies.


What would cause the "gi" module to be missing from Python?

I've found three ways to do this:

The simple way:

sudo apt-get install python3-gi

or
For virtualenv users - The vext way

pip install vext

pip install vext.gi
The pure python developer way:

Install a bunch of developer stuff:

sudo apt-get install pkg-config libcairo2-dev gcc python3-dev libgirepository1.0-dev

Install the python packages:

pip install gobject PyGObject


Resolution stuck after playing OpenGL game

Your xorg.conf file contains the "metamodes" option. Remove that line, and it should be back to normal if you log out and back in again.

To get the best results (or if that doesn't work), delete your xorg.conf, restart your computer (press ESC before it boots to get the boot menu), enter recovery mode, choose root terminal, and type nvidia-xconfig and press enter. That should reset your xorg.conf file.

Now type reboot and enter to restart your system, and all should be well.


Can't download web photo albums to Picasa

I added a new mimetype to make it works

http://www.ajopaul.com/2011/08/07/ubuntu-fix-for-firefox-to-download-picasa-albums/
Worked for me :)

  Open firefox tab and type about:config

set network.protocol-handler.expose.picasa to false
set network.protocol-handler.external.picasa to true
set network.protocol-handler.app.picasa

  to either /usr/bin/picasa or /opt/picasa/bin/picasa (/usr/bin/picasa
  is a symlink to /opt/xxx)

  If the above doesn’t work for you then try the method which was
  mentioned in this post. It was originally meant as a fix for chrome,
  but works fine with firefox too.

  Open the file ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list (remember to
  back it up) and add the following under [Added Associations]

x-scheme-handler/picasa=picasa.desktop

  Thats it. Now choose “Download to Picasa”, you will get a popup to
  choose the picasa application, here browse until the location of the
  picasa binary. /opt/google/picasa/3.0/bin/picasa in my case


Replace text in file with variable using sed

Bash doesn't interpret variables in single-quote strings. That's why that isn't working.

myString="this/is_an?Example=String"
sed -i "s|sourceString|${myString}destinationString|g" myTextFile.txt

Would work.

Or if you need the single-quote for another reason, you can just butt strings together and they'll be intepreted as one:

myString="this/is_an?Example=String"
sed -i 's|sourceString|'"$myString"'destinationString|g' myTextFile.txt


You need to change directory to "Desktop" by cd Desktop and then to tc3 by cd tc3.


I tried the following and at a first glance it looks like it worked:

sudo alien --to-deb --scripts --verbos kde-services-2.0-6.fc21.noarch.rpm
sudo dpkg -i kde-services_2.0-7_all.deb


TLS encryption does not work with FileZilla 3.33.0

A similar issue is solved with newer versions of FileZilla. And luckily they fix my issue as well.
Unfortunately at the moment the version 3.33.0 seems to be the newest version available as a Debian package.
Instead you can use the build of the newest version provided directly by the FileZilla project. The installation only consists of unpacking the archive. FileZilla version 3.38.0 with GnuTLS version 3.5.19 (included in the archive) worked well for me.

UPDATE: Kubuntu 19.04 updates FileZilla from the version 3.33.0 to the version 3.39.0. Updating to Kubuntu 19.04 directly solves the issue.


Run sudo apt-get purge rhythmbox && sudo apt-get install rhythmbox in an Terminal. This will delete the program and all the associated config files (including corrupt ones), and then reinstall a fresh copy of Rhythmbox. You'll need to setup everything with Rhythmbox again though


Want KVM/QEMU version 5 for Ubuntu 20.04

qemu 5.0-5 was accepted into Debian Unstable on May 13. 2020.

This means that it will be merged into Ubuntu 20.10 (not 20.04) sometime during the next few months.

You can try pulling the 5.0 package from Debian and see if it will run in Ubuntu 20.04. It might, it might not.
After the package is imported, you can run 5.0 in the pre-release version of Ubuntu 20.10. It's pre-release, so you are agreeing to be a tester. Note that we don't provide support here for 20.10 until after it's released.


How can I tell how long for Watchdog to wait to stop all processes?

From the Watchdog source, shutdown.c, line 445, the pause is hardwired into Watchdog, and is five seconds.


ckan 500 error, cant find solr, ubuntu 14.04

The problem was that for some reason ckan installation by default, on the config file (default located at /etc/ckan/development.ini or /etc/ckan/production.ini) has this line solr_url=http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr commented. In my case i had to change the port 8983 to 8080, since this is for jetty and not tomcat, that i use.


shell script to restart network-manager-- not from the terminal

I too had a very similar problem.  My internet is so flaky that when there are power fluctuations the modem goes off line and can't be seen unless you pull the modem and plug it in again.  Otherwise you can use usb_modeswitch.  So I've taken the above script and tweaked it to do both tasks.

#!/bin/bash

while true; do
#Anything less than a solid connection reboots the USB modem
LC_ALL=C nmcli -t -f TYPE,STATE dev | grep -q "^cdma:connected$"
if [ ! $? -eq 0 ]; then

#Reset USB Modem (12d1:1001 will have to be changed to match your modem)
sudo usb_modeswitch -R -v 12d1 -p 1001
#Wait 20 Seconds before trying to bring up the Broadband connections
sleep 20
    nmcli -t nm wwan on
#Wait Another 20 Seconds then test if the connection came up on its own as it is set to auto-connect
    sleep 20
LC_ALL=C nmcli -t -f TYPE,STATE dev | grep -q "^cdma:disconnected$"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    nmcli -t con up id "Zantel connection"
    sleep 15
fi
    #wait approximately 15 sec to get connected

fi
#it does not worth keep it checking every millisecond.
#my connection will be reestablished within 5-15 seconds
sleep 2
#if anyone can code it better please feel free to comment
#TO-DO:: check for data received. if data < 15 KB after 20 seconds of connection
#reconnect mobile broadband connection
done

Thanks!


DELL Inspiron 7520 and amd radeon driver 13.1: How can I switch video cards?

Install this version of Ubuntu (12.04.1). After installation, just update your system and install additional drivers (GUI will guide you).
I have the same laptop computer. It works perfect (drivers, brightness, switchable graphics, etc.)


GNU Screen stores user's passwords in ~/.screenrc and authenticates using PAM in /etc/pam.d/screen.

Deleting ~/.screenrc should solve the problem.


Dual Booting Windows 8 and Ubuntu 12.10 - thinkpad x230

Use a Windows disc this way: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestoreUbuntu/XP/Vista/7Bootloader , until you get access to Windows
If the GRUB menu has disappeared, you can recover it via Boot-Repair


Can I install canonical-livepatch on a system without snapd

No. Canonical Livepatch is only (currently) distributed as a snap. You could find some other way to unpack the snap and install the binaries manually, but I doubt you'd get support for that from Canonical.


QEMU internet through bridged interface?

Forgot to enable NAT: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/QEMU#Host_configuration

I also stopped using QEMU's network bridge helper and manually set up a TAP interface.

After enabled NAT, allowing IP Forwarding with sysctl, allowing ARP proxy, and reinstalled OpenBSD in the VM, it works!


How can I edit /etc/skel while keeping the default folders on Live CD

Sorry guys, but the folders were with wrong permissions, just change it by using sudo chmod -R 755 /etc/skel/.config /etc/skel/.gconf and it works fine.


On the top right of the screen , click on the little gear icon. (next to where the time and your username is displayed)
From the menu that pops up click on system settings.
Then on the system settings page , right at the bottom click on "Details".

That will show you some details as well as under "OS type" whether it is 32bit or 64bit.

Alternatively you can open a terminal and enter the command:

uname -a

This will also show if you are running i386 or 64bit kernel


How to set up a Canon MF8000 series (i-SENSYS MF8030) multifunctional on Ubuntu?

Ubuntu 12.04 64bit system

Download Linux_UFRII_PrinterDriver_V250_uk_EN.tar.gz
Unpack Linux_UFRII_PrinterDriver_V250_uk_EN.tar.gz
Skip if deb files available

sudo alien -d cndrvcups-common-2.50-1.x86_64.rpm
sudo alien -d cndrvcups-ufr2-uk-2.50-1.x86_64.rpm
ls

You should then have these 2 files:

cndrvcups-common_2.50-2_amd64.deb
cndrvcups-ufr2-uk_2.50-2_amd64.deb

With deb files start here:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib64
sudo dpkg -i cndrvcups-common_2.50-2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i cndrvcups-ufr2-uk_2.50-2_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs
sudo apt-get install libjpeg62:i386
sudo gedit /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.cupsd

Add:

/usr/lib64/cups/backend/cnusb Uxr,
/usr/lib64/cups/filter/pstoufr2cpca Uxr,
sudo service cups restart

Then search for network printer, select Dnssd printer Canon MF8300.


How to install and boot on a RAID 5 Configuration?

I finally resolve the software RAID-5 issue on the DELL R310.

The article just mislead us
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/SoftwareRAID

Workaround Steps for software RAID-5

Remove all existing RAID settings, LVM setttins
Create partition with 20G on each disks
Set the first disk's 20G partition to use as root '/', install your whole OS into it.
Configure the RAID-x for the rest of your partitions.

Done, hope you get over of it!!


You are using hardware RAID. If yor RAID controller is supported by the kernel, your RAID system should be recognized as harddisk device since your RAID controller organizes the harddisk access and hides the physical harddisks. Ubuntu comes with all required tools to utilize the RAID system. Have a look at the RAID setup .

Before installing the system, I would examine the I/O performance. At least with HP controllers (e.g. SmartArray B120), there are reports that the throughput is not worth the trouble with installing the proper drivers.


Unstalling windows which installed ubuntu through wubi

Well, re-installing windows is not going to delete the data in your ubuntu install, but it is going to undo the configuration in windows, including the boot loader.

You could try various backups or copying "D:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk" (or whatever), but as you are starting with a fresh install of Windows, why not go ahead and do a traditional installation of Ubuntu as well ?

How to convert Wubi install into regular install?

You can decide what is easier (migration vs. fresh install), but, I highly suggest you back up your data first in case it goes wrong.


There is a trailing space character in your first line after the #!.
Also, remove the -c option. It is not a sudo option for entering a command. You may be confused with the su command.

And, beware, unless you want to overwrite all /etc/network/interfaces file, you've got to use >> instead of a single >.

#!/bin/bash
sudo cat >> /etc/network/interfaces << EOF

auto enp0s3
iface enp0s3 inet static
    address 192.168.1.28
    gateway 192.168.1.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 192.168.1.0
    broadcast 192.168.1.255
EOF


i would remove these sources from software list go to update center-settings or system parammeters software sources.Then to other software and search for berle/blinking,dockbar,jsevi84,merlwiz79 package just uncheck it.. i guess its not supported yet by this release or try another repository.Then type sudo apt-get update -f && sudo apt-get upgrade and see if its gone. This 404 errors you get when repository is not working


What is the best way to dual-boot Windows and Ubuntu?

This is more of a hardware solution than a software one, but it's still useful to consider:

Install each OS to a separate hard drive
Set the BIOS to load the Ubuntu drive first
Use the bootloader to choose which OS to load for that session

Doing so avoids a number of conflicts (as you have already encountered), and is reasonably future-proof.  The downside is additional hardware, and slightly more complex bootloader configuration.


One attack scenario that may be relevant: an account with access to sudo is compromised and subsequently used to (i) modify PAM (authentication) library, or (ii) any of the binaries backup-user-account uses, or (iii) maybe even directly observe a running process to gain knowledge of the encryption key.

Without sudo, I think the only remaining attack vectors are physical proximity (as you mentioned), a compromised user account + local root exploit, or a remote root exploit. If your system is sufficiently powerful, you could set up a number of virtual machines (for example Xen or KVM) for different functions, like router, web server and file server.

If this system is local (at your premises), you could improve the backup scheme with an external hard drive (unplug when not backing up or recovering), or two (rotate).


Wifi interface mode switches automatically back to managed (Ubuntu 20.04)

I suggest that it is Network Manager that is interfering. I also don't think that sudo ifconfig device_name on is correct. Please try:
sudo service NetworkManager stop
sudo ifconfig wlp0s20f3 down
sudo iwconfig wlp0s20f3 mode monitor
sudo ifconfig wlp0s20f3 up

Start wireshark and see if there is any improvement.


Can I log into ubuntu if I messed up my authorized_keys file?

Can you try forcing the use of your password instead of the public key authentication?

E.g.:

ssh -o PreferredAuthentications=password -o PubkeyAuthentication=no user@host.com

The ~/.ssh/authorized_keys2 syntax is one pubkey per line, so simply adding another public key to the next line shouldn't have broken anything.  See ssh(1) and sshd(8) man pages (man 1 ssh and man 8 sshd).

Note that if the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys2, ~/.ssh, or your home directory is writable by other users, sshd will not allow it to be used.  If when you were adjusting permissions you accidentally added a group or other/world write bit to one of these locations, that could have caused the issue.


You will need 32 bit Wine and 32 bit Mesa

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

This should bring in all the 32 bit versions of apps you already have installed. Answer Y to install them all if prompted.


32 bit iso for mac to install on my macbook

Look here http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/ or for a lighter system http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/xubuntu/releases/14.04.4/release/.
Have an easy install!


Amd driver is not recogmended even for gaming, it's a workstation driver created for workstation graphical purposes. Uninstall it and stick to using the Opensource driver. Open a terminal and type
sudo amdconfig --uninstall
if the driver is installed on the distribution files rather than xorg, it will give you another command like "dpkg -r amdcccle" and you take that command and use it with sudo. One the uninstallation is done, reboot and all your sound devices should be back in the sound settings.


unable to power off macbook display w/ ubuntu server

Try setterm -blank force.
You can also try using xrandr to set the brightness to 0. Use xrandr to get your display name and do xrandr --output <display name here> --brightness 0.

Related questions I found: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/366868/macbook-ubuntu-server-how-can-i-have-the-screen-turn-off-when-lid-closed-but-k
Manually turn off monitor

Edit: If that doesn’t work, try using DPMS to turn off your monitor. You can use xset. Or, you can also use vbetool although they seem to be the same.

sleep 3; xset dpms force off (note: the sleep is needed so that it doesn’t turn back on which is a known bug with xset dpms force off)

vbetool dpms off


try launching tvtime from terminal

tvtime --mixer=hw:0/Line

if that works, proceed editing configuration file

sudo gedit /etc/tvtime/tvtime.xml

and find the line

<option name="MixerDevice" value="default/Line"/>

and replace it with

<option name="MixerDevice" value="hw:0/Line"/>

pd: excuse my English


Ubuntu sees something you connect via VGA as a new display because there are a lot of people who use a second display attached to their laptops when they're working with them.

You can see where the display which is your projector is by launching "Displays" from the dash. If you didn't change anything, it's probably to the right of your laptop screen meaning that if you move your mouse pointer out the right-hand side of your laptop's screen, it will appear on the projector. You can of course drag windows there.

If you want the same to be displayed on your laptop screen and on the projector, just check the box "Mirror displays".

LibreOffice automatically uses the first display as the screen for notes, preview of the next slide, time, etc., and the second one (which is your projector) for the actual presentation. That's why LibreOffice behaves the same under Ubuntu as it does under Windows, even though the displays are mirrored under Windows and aren't under Ubuntu.


After setting the private subnets that I wanted to allow access to the Squid proxy in /etc/squid=deb-proxy/allowed-networks-src.acl like

# private networks
192.168.1.0/24

I still had this issue;

I added the following to my /etc/squid\-deb-proxy/squid-deb-proxy.conf:

cache_peer proxy.domain.com parent 8080 0 no-query default login=anonymous:password

This tells Squid to funnel requests directly to the proxy transparently.  Nodes are installing fine now.


what is orange colored files in dev directory?

The explanation is found on Stack Overflow.

Not just for Ubuntu but for all distros (as far as I understand) that its a character special file. I have linked the source or the information from stack overflow below.

https://stackoverflow.com/a/23236028/879882

  It's a character-based (as opposed to block-based) device file.

  Blocked-based devices are anything where it makes sense to transfer data in (surprisingly enough) blocks. By that, I mean things like disks.

  Character-based devices (and again, this should come as no surprise) tend to transfer characters at a time. Things like terminals, serial ports, printers and so on.

  If you're running a decent Linux distro, that information (plus more than you could probably ever need) can be obtained with the command:

  info ls
  which contains this little snippet:

  The file type is one of the following characters:
    -  regular file
    b  block special file
    c  character special file
    C  high performance ("contiguous data") file
    d  directory
    D  door (Solaris 2.5 and up)
    l  symbolic link
    M  off-line ("migrated") file (Cray DMF)
    n  network special file (HP-UX)
    p  FIFO (named pipe)
    P  port (Solaris 10 and up)
    s  socket
    ?  some other file type

Also if you man ls from a command line will bring up the text manual for ls with more details or Google man ls for a webpage version.


How do I get rid of the syndaemon effect?

Use the command

killall syndaemon

In order to "undo" the syndaemon command. It will stop the program.


hp envy x360 touchpad not recognized 20.04.1

Had the same problem. You need a kernel version 5.8 or newer, it's got all the new cool drivers.
So you have two options:
Update to Ubuntu 20.10
Ubuntu 20.10 comes with the 5.8 kernel. This option is preferred over manually upgrading the kernel, because 20.10 fully supports the 5.8 kernel and so should be more stable. Lucky for you, upgrading from 20.04 to 20.10 is easy.

Run apt update and apt upgrade.
Run do-release-upgrade.
Follow the instructions on screen.
Make sure the update was successful with lsb_release -a or neofetch, and check the kernel version with uname -r.

Upgrade kernel manually

Check your current kernel version with uname -r
Download the mainline Linux kernel of your choice here. For 64bit architecture you'll need linux-headers-VERSION-NUMBER_all.deb, linux-headers-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb, linux-image-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb and linux-modules-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb
Run sudo dpkg -i *.deb in the directory with the downloaded .deb files.
Reboot and check kernel with uname -r. Grub should automatically detect the new kernel version and boot it as default.

Instructions from itsfoss.com


What version of Ubuntu to install on a Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga Machine

I agree with RPi awesomeness, you should basically be fine with any of the latest versions. Be careful though, I think there still isn't a wireless driver available.


To temporarily change the default route you can use an ip command like this:

$ sudo ip route change default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0

If you have a static ip configuration in /etc/network/interfaces you can add a gateway statement to make this permanent.

iface eth0 inet static
    gateway 192.168.1.1
    […]

Using DHCP to configure networking you have to adjust another file instead. Add the supersede statement in /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf.

supersede routers 192.168.1.1;


Openstack Magnum 12.0.0 Package In Ubuntu 20.04

Fixes for stable releases of Ubuntu and the Ubuntu Cloud Archive must go through the Stable Release Updates (SRU) process [1]. There isn't an exception to pick up stable point releases of magnum, however individual fixes can be picked up as part of the SRU process.
For bugs related to OpenStack a good place to start is by opening a bug against the cloud archive here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/cloud-archive/ (you can also open bugs at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/\<project>). Someone will need to commit to testing/verifying any fixes once they are available as well. Also, it is not required, but greatly appreciated if debdiff patches can be contributed to bugs.
Thank you,
Corey
[1] https://wiki.ubuntu.com/StableReleaseUpdates


Boot-Repair after messing up NTFS partition

Trying to summarize what you did, what you issue is, and what you intend to achieve:

this is a Wubi installation on Windows booting from /sda4
NTFS Partition /sda4 contain HP-Tools, partition /sda3 contain Windows recovery
NTFS Partition /sda1 was overwritten in the attempt to add a swap partition
NTFS Partition /sda2 may contain Windows system files or data is faulty

From this I assume that you once had only one single partition for Windows which was now split into /sda1 (swap) and /sda2. You would have to undo the partitioning to restore the primary state of your partition table.

Only if you had not written to the drive you may successfully recover the files within these partitions

Recover old partitions:
For recovery you should carefully follow the steps outlined in the Testdisk tutorial from CG-Security. This tutorial is quite elaborate but its excellent. This is why we do not copy it to here but rather reference it with a link:

CG-Security: TestDisk Step by Step

Test it!
In case all went right you may be able to boot again and have access to all your files as it was before. Do not try to add a swap partition for a Wubi installation as this would mainly be needed for hibernation which should not be done with Wubi.
What if this fails?
In case parts of your files were lost you may be able to restore important private data using PhotoRec which is included in the TestDisk suite but you probably will not be able to restore system files from your OS. Then the fastest method to get back a working machine is to reinstall your operating systems with Windows first and then Ubuntu in a dual boot setup. Then a swap partition will automatically be created for you from the Ubuntu installer.

How can I dual boot Windows and Ubuntu?


How to log into Ubuntu on a Virtual Environment when entering correct password results in "Failed to start session"?

Depending on how much the Ubuntu system was broken in your virtual machine you may still be able to start a terminal session in a TTY. This can be reached by pressing Host+F1. If that fails we may still be able to boot into a root shell.

From there we can inspect our virtual Ubuntu and check data integrity. We may even be able to revert those changes that broke our virtual machine. If we had installed or removed packages we may e.g. search the apt history for recent actions.

We may however not be able to find the root cause of a broken system that easily. Therefore a clean re-installation will be a much faster way to retrieve a running system.

As it is a virtual machine we may just intall Ubuntu to another virtual drive an then attach and mount the old drive to this new virtual machine. We then can just copy our data over.

Two virtual drives attached to a VM

Of course we could also re-install Ubuntu without formatting the drive and without deleting data in the HOME directory (chose "upgrade" option from the installer) but above procedure may be safer.


Installing latest Java 8. Ubuntu 14.04. (Need Guide)

Installing icedtea-7-plugin should resolve this for you. It will install what basically amounts to an open source version of Java 7 along with the icedtea-7-plugin package which is a web browser plugin for accessing this version of Java.

Simply run the following command:

sudo apt-get install icedtea-7-plugin

This method will ensure that you automatically receive Java-related security updates whenever your system updates through apt-get (Update Manager is basically just a GUI front-end for apt-get, by the way).

After this, simply restart your browser and enjoy your new Java functionality.

Note 1: According to this website, the icedtea plugin should work with Firefox, Chrome, Chromium, and Midori, and it may also work fine with other browsers as well.

Note 2: There is currently no supported icedtea plugin for java 8. See this IcedTea wiki page for reference:
IcedTea Main Page

Language side note: If the command I gave you does not work due to the language difference, let me know so that I can work on determining the best way for you to go about installing the package.


I had opencv installed using conda.
After removing it using
conda remove opencv

I installed it using pip
pip install opencv-python

Works fine now.
In windows however, there is no such issue. Conda and pip both work well.


Can I run multiple scraper at the same time using cron jobs?

The issue was that there was no space left on my sever:
I used the df -h command to check the available space and noticed that the / partition was 100% full:
$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        460M     0  475M   0% /dev
tmpfs           478M     0  492M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           478M  432K  492M   1% /run
tmpfs           478M     0  492M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/nvme0n1p1  8.0G  8.0G  664K 100% /
tmpfs            96M     0   99M   0% /run/user/1000

As my server is an AWS EC2 instance, I had to extent the volume. The following 2 links explain how to extend an EC2's volume:

How to extend EC2 volumn
How to extend volume if you receive an error that there's no space


Installed more ram /boot/efi not found... How to fix?

Despite what you say in your edit, I have to suspect you have bad RAM. Sometimes bad RAM creates more problems in one OS than in another, just because of the way each OS uses RAM. I therefore recommend that you run a memory-test program. On an EFI-based computer, the commercial (but free) memtest86 can do the job; there's a version that will run in the EFI, before any OS has loaded.

You could also try pulling the RAM and re-inserting it. Sometimes RAM is OK but will be flaky because it wasn't properly seated.


If you cannot wait, according to this: http://www.gimp.org/downloads/ you should download and install from source: ftp://ftp.gimp.org/pub/gimp/v2.7/


How to get the directory tree of files I have read premission on

Two methods come to mind, find and tree. Of the two I think tree fits your question better.

Find
    find has the advantage that it is a basic package likely to be found in any linux distro. One disadvantage is that it will not generate a tree view. Nor will greping it for errors be easy. Instead add appropriate -perm tests. The following example will find all directories in / with user, group, and other read permission and send standard error to /dev/null

find / -type d -perm /u=r -perm /g=r -perm /o=r 2>/dev/null

Tree
   While tree may not be installed by default it is in the repos. It does create a tree view.  If the user running tree does not have read permission a simple grep -v error will remove the directory from the output. However removing the errors will potentially leave extraneous formating.  -d List directories only. -p Print the file type and permissions for each file (as per ls -l). grep -v prints lines not matching the pattern, error.

tree -d -p / | grep -v error


How do I get Ctrl+Alt+F* virtual terminals to work in Ubuntu 12.04?

I meet the same problem after update from 10.04 to 12.04. It is the problem of your video card driver. In my situation, after the update, the driver has been disabled and replaced by sth different. Go to the 'system setting', find the 'additional drivers', check if the correct video card driver is activated.


Is this partitioning scheme for Windows7/Ubuntu fine?

I think you are right, you can do it by Gparted in Ubuntu Live CD, first you can shrink the DATA 100GB by WIndows Disk Manager.