Nvidia Geforce GT 710 no video output with Dell Poweredge T420 - Ubuntu 19.04

I have a few hunches and suggestions. I faced this issue with the Nvidia 720 and linux mint, but most things should be relevant to this case. I would've liked to comment as this is not all tried and tested but I do not have the reputation to, so here goes.

Your GPU is visible so it seems like you have already chosen Switchable Graphics over UMA in the Boot Setup. If you haven't, then its something you should do.

The next thing, I can think of is the order in which the nvidia drivers and nvidia prime were installed. The ideal sequence is to install prime first and then the drivers. Just to be sure -
1. Uninstall both the drivers and nvidia prime.
2. Use apt-get autoremove and apt-get autoclean to get rid of any remnants.
3. First, reinstall nvidia-prime.
3. Then reinstall the drivers.

Rebooting after this should enable the drivers and the display should work.
It's pretty basic and you might've already tried all this, but I hope it helps!


Is it possible to install (have ready for use) different versions of VLC?

Some portable linux apps here including VLC 2.1.2 x64.

How to use the downloaded portable VLC

To create a launcher for that can be useful:

The simplest way is to copy/paste lines from a pre-existing VLC desktop file if present in /usr/share/applications. (First, change the name of the downloaded appimage so that it is shorter and without spaces (it's just simpler that way). I changed mine to VLC21.)

The launcher should contain lines like

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=VLC 2.1 portable
GenericName=Media player
Comment=Read, capture, broadcast your multimedia streams
Exec=/home/cipricus/Desktop/VLC21 --started-from-file %U
TryExec=/home/cipricus/Desktop/VLC21
Icon=vlc
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=AudioVideo;Player;Recorder;
MimeType=video/dv;video/mpeg;video/x-mpeg;video/msvideo;video/quicktime;video/x-anim;video/x-avi;video/x-ms-asf;video/x-ms-wmv;video/x-msvideo;video/x-nsv;video/x-flc;video/x-fli;video/x-flv;video/vnd.rn-realvideo;video/mp4;video/mp4v-es;video/mp2t;application/ogg;application/x-ogg;video/x-ogm+ogg;audio/x-vorbis+ogg;audio/ogg;video/ogg;application/x-matroska;audio/x-matroska;video/x-matroska;video/webm;audio/webm;audio/x-mp3;audio/x-mpeg;audio/mpeg;audio/x-wav;audio/x-mpegurl;audio/x-scpls;audio/x-m4a;audio/x-ms-asf;audio/x-ms-asx;audio/x-ms-wax;application/vnd.rn-realmedia;audio/x-real-audio;audio/x-pn-realaudio;application/x-flac;audio/x-flac;application/x-shockwave-flash;misc/ultravox;audio/vnd.rn-realaudio;audio/x-pn-aiff;audio/x-pn-au;audio/x-pn-wav;audio/x-pn-windows-acm;image/vnd.rn-realpix;audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin;application/x-extension-mp4;audio/mp4;audio/amr;audio/amr-wb;x-content/video-vcd;x-content/video-svcd;x-content/video-dvd;x-content/audio-cdda;x-content/audio-player;application/xspf+xml;x-scheme-handler/mms;x-scheme-handler/rtmp;x-scheme-handler/rtsp;
X-KDE-Protocols=ftp,http,https,mms,rtmp,rtsp,sftp,smb
Keywords=Player;Capture;DVD;Audio;Video;Server;Broadcast;
Path=
StartupNotify=false
Name[en_US.UTF-8]=VLC 2.1 portable

Than save the file with a name like VLC 2.1 portable.desktop. You may copy that in /usr/share/applications, ~/.local/share/application or anywhere else.

To make that portable VLC version default player for some video file type, select the file's properties and change the default program for that ('open with') to the launcher (.desktop file) that you just created.

(Setting 'open with' directly to the appimage does not work.)

How to create new portable versions of VLC

At the link above (http://portablelinuxapps.org/) one can find also an application designed to help create portable apps in a few steps. It is called AppDirAssistant and it is itself portable. The idea is that it can run a scan of your system before and after installing a program and then create a portable application (appimage) of that program.

Here is a youtube video exemplifying the process.

After following the steps that I presented above in order to create a launcher for the portable 2.1 VLC and to make it default player, I thought best to just install the main stable release (now 2.1.5) in the normal way and use the later 2.2 (that I needed for a VLC addon that doesn't work with 2.1.x) as portable. But for that one I didn't have a portable version. So, first I uninstalled in Synaptics VLC 2.2 and its dependencies, then ran AppDirAssistant ('Prescanning'). When it got to the page that says "Please install your application now", I opened the terminal and ran

  sudo apt-get install vlc

That installed 2.2 again given that the necessary sources where already added to the system.

Then, in AppDirAssistant window pressed forward ('Postscanning'). In this way it is created a folder containing a portable executable of VLC 2.2 called AppRun, a ready made desktop launcher and a usr directory. (Uninstalled VLC to test the portable version.)

To create a single "appimage" out of this directory, one has to use another application, called AppImageAssistant, from the linked address, but that didn't work for me for some reason. In case that works, the steps above may be considered after creating the appimage file out of the AppDir folder.

But I do not find that necessary, as the AppDir folder is enough for me. A funny thing is that while appimages cannot be made default for opening files (so that a new launcher/desktop file was needed for 'open with'), the executable AppRun file from the AppDir folder can (while the ready-made desktop there cannot). So, one could set a file to be opened by default with that AppRun executable. Only that it would look odd in the context menu an entry like 'Open with AppRun'; renaming that one is the way I used, only that now the ready-made desktop file doesn't work any more (why? because its Exec and TryExec lines direct to usr/bin/vlc, which I guess means the AppDir/usr directory, and that one may need the initial name AppRun not to be changed etc). But all I want is a readable entry in a file's context menu for the portable application. (In case the AppImageAssistant works, the steps from the begining may be preferable, but that didn't work for me with VLC 2.2.)

To install a different version of VLC - one may look here.


(gksudo:2375): Gtk-Warning **:cannot open display:

If you are just trying to run nano in the terminal gksudo is the wrong command.

If you want to call up another terminal emulator in which to run nano the first thing you need to do is make a launcher

Using your example:

gksudo "lxterminal --command "nano /etc/default/grub""

The graphical frontend of sudo launches a terminal emulator, and then executes the command within that terminal.


Python is an important part of Ubuntu, removing it will most likely harm your installation (because dependent packages have been removed as well).
I'd advise you to save your data and set up a new system. You should never remove python from a linux distro.
See more answers concerning the removal of python....


Compiz not working on old Dell latitude Ubuntu 12.04

Here are the hardware requirements for compiz as Wikipedia says:

  Compiz works on the standard X.Org Server, by using AIGLX. Besides Intel GMA graphics cards, AIGLX also supports using AMD graphics cards (including R300 and newer cards) using the open-source radeon driver which supports GLX_EXT_texture_from_pixmap since fall 2006.[...]ATI/AMD's binary drivers do since version 8.42.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiz#Hardware_requirements.

Also you can see: Lowering Compiz memory usage.


Cannot install gfortran on Ubuntu 16.04 despite a myriad of attempted solutions

Your Ubuntu 16.04.3 hasn't been updated in a long time, so you should do a software update before trying to fix the broken packages.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Select the Fix Broken Packages option in Synaptic package manager. It's a GUI solution to the broken packages error message that's easy to do.

Run the following command to install Synaptic.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install synaptic

Open Synaptic and in Synaptic select Edit -> Fix Broken Packages and then repeat Edit -> Fix Broken Packages a second time.

Another easy fix is to install an older version of gfortran from the default Ubuntu 16.04 repositories instead of the gfortran package which is currently version 5.3.1. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gfortran-4.8


Lubuntu 14.04 cannot try Lubuntu without installing-error messages

After you downloaded Lubuntu 14.04 did you perform an MD5Sum?
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM
The hashes have to match and perhaps yours don't.  If they do not, download the ISO again.


How to check user log details from x month to y month?

last command will help you to see user logins and restarts.

cat /var/log/auth.log | grep session command will give you more details.


You can fix the problem doing the following:

Open a Terminal window. Type:

sudo rfkill list

If you get:

0: acer-wireless Wireless LAN
        Soft blocked: yes
        Hard blocked: no

Go to /etc/modprobe.d

Edit the file with root privileges:

sudo nano blacklist.conf

Add the line to disable it:

blacklist acer-wmi


Mounting extended or logical volume linux

You want the
    lsblk

command or one of the other ones listed in this article.  https://ostechnix.com/how-to-list-disk-partitions-in-linux/
when you run a mount command, you should use the -t  flag to indicate the format type of the drive, for example ext4  or vfat.
You might have an easier time using Gnome Disks, just search for Disks in the dashboard.  It can work with mounted and unmounted disks, showing you what it can about extended partitions.
Regards,
mondotofu


Vmware Workstation 14 does not let me direct  key to machine

This is a bug on wayland upstream

Changing to xorg is the only solution right now. To do this, select Ubuntu on x.org in the gdm3 login.

Wayland is (for security reasons) designed like this and prevents redirection of key events.

This also affects remote sessions using i.e. rdp or vnc.


How can I get the authentification dialog programatically?

Well. 'just found the man page in Ubuntu wiki.
Actually it's pkexec

pkexec --$USER  somepackage

Thanks @Uri Herrera . You were the trigger.


Installing Firefox Beta, and not replacing stable Firefox

You could just grab the current beta from http://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/beta/, extract to to your home folder, and then run it.

At the time of writing, the current beta is 24.0b4,

download it to your home folder (after that you should have firefox-24.0b4.tar.bz2 in you home folder)
right click it, select Extract Here
close firefox if it's been open
run the beta with firefox/firefox


Run apt-get update. If this doesn't work, the repositories in your /etc/apt/sources.list might be wrong


With 'content of the links' I assume you mean 'target of the link'. If that's correct, then yes, there is. Sort of. And you have to get creatie with shell redirection :)

diff -u \
<(cd /path/to/dir1 && find . -type l -exec stat '{}' '+' | grep 'File:' | sort) \
<(cd /path/to/dir2 && find . -type l -exec stat '{}' '+' | grep 'File:' | sort)

What this does is run diff with as input the output of two commands:

cd /path/to/dir1 && find . -type l -exec stat '{}' '+' | grep 'File:' | sort
cd /path/to/dir2 && find . -type l -exec stat '{}' '+' | grep 'File:' | sort

These find | grep | sort commands display the name and target of all symlinks it can find in dir1 and dir2, together with their targets. So the net result is that you'll see which symlinks are different.

(Edited from the original answer, which included the full path to the filename in the output of ls, and therefore showed every file as different. Worked around this by using cd first. Also if the symlinks had different dates and times, diff would show them as different too. Worked around that by using stat to extract the information that we actually want.)


Go to http://minecraftforge.net, scroll down and find "1.8 latest" and choose installer to download.
Download the .jar file then go to properties of the file then mark "allow executing file as program and open with "Open jdk 7 runtime" have an active INTERNET connection then install the client.
Navigate to your .minecraft folder and create a mods folder.
Open your minecraft launcher; a profile Forge should pop up - select it.
Select "1.8 Forge" (scroll down).
Paste any mod that is in .jar format into the mods folder. (go to http://9minecraft.net to get these mods)

Some mods will not work so if minecraft crashes just delete it. It may be a good idea to take and backup your worlds on your desktop by going to .minecraft/saves and copy all of your folder worlds.


Can You dual boot windows and Ubuntu for a 2in1 system?

Yes, this is definitely possible and it can be done just the same as installing Ubuntu on any other system.

This answer will provide you with all you need for setting up Ubuntu on a Windows 8 system.

Note: It would be a good idea to give your model name a quick search - something like this <model_name> with linux, which will bring up any problems users have had once having installed Ubuntu, since it seems that some 2in1s have problems with Ubuntu not supporting particular hardware features.

Use the Desktop version of Ubuntu, not the tablet version, even though the laptop does have a touchscreen.


Unable to upload files via any browser or application

I don't think the problem is in the network, or you shouldn't be able to browse or send anything (and when you send an e-mail, you're already sending data, even without attachments).

Most of the upload tools use java applets, are you sure it's installed in your system? Or maybe it's installed but disabled?

put this in firefox:

about:addons

and in the plugins section look you have java enabled (icedtea in my case) If it's enabled you could try to reinstall it. The name of the package is:

icedtea-plugin

If it's a new install, maybe you haven't installed the restricted extras like flash and java, you could install'em with

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Good luck.


Almost all of the logs are stored in /var/log. Example: /var/log/syslog, /var/log/dmesg, etc..

You could use the Log File Viewer to view them nicely if you want to.


Command line search using tracker database

It's simple...

$ tracker search <regex>


create link (command shortcut) to script

Add it as an alias

alias ideaiu="/home/bob/programming/libs/intellij/bin/idea.sh"

export is for environmental variables and is used when you want the variable to be available to all shells.

See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1158091/bash-defining-a-variable-with-or-without-export


LibreOffice RC1 deb package difficulties

You should probably just install LO from the PPA: Is there a PPA with the latest version of LibreOffice?


How to view UTF-8 Unicode characters in VIM

If your current locale is in an utf-8 encoding, Vim will automatically start
in utf-8 mode.

If you are using another locale, set below in your user ~/.vimrc file:

set encoding=utf-8

You might also want to select the font used for the menus.  Unfortunately this
doesn't always work.

Also you have this option to force encoding with :set fileencodings=utf-8. You can find the documentation here

another solution is: In insert mode, press Ctrl-R ="\xe2\x82\xa9" Enter in order to directly input UTF-8 characters using thier Hex Encoding.

the \xe2\x82\xa9 is Hex Encoding of ₩ (the currency symbol for North Korea) character.

ref: Vim documentation

Note: If you did the above configuration but still you were not able to see Unicode characters well or type, check in your Terminal or Console configuration if  Character encoding was set to UTF-8.

Read also Special characters in Vim.


I suggest that you update the ethernet driver alx. Download this package to your desktop. Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.'

Then, go to the directory <extracted backport>/drivers/net/ethernet/atheros/alx/ and make changes in files reg.h and main.c as described here.

Now, back to the terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
cd ~/Desktop/backports-20151115
make defconfig-alx
make
sudo make install

Reboot and tell us if there is any improvement. We will probably have one more step.


execute all files under a directory with sed and find

Your find command looks fine and should work, provided that the sed command in file.sed is correct. Since you don't show us your file.sed, we can't be sure that it is correct, so here is what its contents should look like for replacing all instances of # with //:
's|#|//|g'

Notice that | is used as a delimiter instead of / for readability purposes (we dont' have to escape each of the / for the replacement).
What you also need to do is to modify the files in place using the -i sed flag.
So your command should be:
find /path/to/directory -type f -exec sed -i -f file.sed {} \;

For such a simple replacement, however, using a sed file seems like an overkill. In this case I would run the find command as:
find /path/to/directory -type f -exec sed -i -e 's|#|//|g' {} \;


Cannot launch terminal or nautilus in 18.04

I had same problem
Include the Text Editor, file Manager (Nautilus) , Terminal,... not worked and also the sound after Login didn't work too.

After Upgrading OS , reinstall the  Nautilus, .... witch is didn't help

Finally, by remove the "Google chrome remote desktop" is solved for me.
By Command : sudo apt remove chrome-remote-desktop

Good luck


I found this: How do I restart/reload Apache when it can't determine the domain name?

  Good news! Apache is restarting successfully. Apache just isn't sure
  where you want serve from, so it's choosing your localhost (127.0.0.1)
  by default. To prevent this message from appearing, clarify that you
  want to serve from localhost (127.0.0.1) by adding the following line
  into your /etc/apache2/apache2.conf file:

ServerName localhost


How to install the latest g++(currently 5.1) in Ubuntu(currently 14.04)?

check the repo page https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-toolchain-r/+archive/ubuntu/test

It shows version 5 as latest version so you'll not find 5.1 and thus result this error

you should install using (it still version 5 in your given Repository)

sudo apt-get install g++-5

Else if this doesn't work you can download the source code and compile it


How do I set up last.fm scrobbling with pianobar?

First you'll need an external scrobbler. I recommend scrobbler-helper, which is written in Perl and available via CPAN.

sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Audio::Scrobbler'

Configure pianobar to use external scrobbler.

Skip the next two steps if you already have a ~/.config/pianobar/config.

Create the configuration directory for pianobar,

mkdir -p ~/.config/pianobar

Copy the example config file,

cp /usr/share/doc/pianobar/contrib/config-example ~/.config/pianobar/config

Now in ~/.config/pianobar/config, remove the # from the beginning of this line:

#event_command = /home/user/.config/pianobar/eventcmd

and replace user with your actual username. This sets the path of the script that will be run every time you finish playing a song.
~/.config/pianobar/eventcmd doesn't exist yet, so download this script to your Desktop. That script is the same as the one found in /usr/share/doc/pianobar/contrib/eventcmd.sh, but with some lines that required extra packages commented out. Once you have downloaded it, rename it to eventcmd then run the following commands:

cp ~/Desktop/eventcmd ~/.config/pianobar/eventcmd
chmod +x ~/.config/pianobar/eventcmd

Configure scrobbler-helper,

scrobbler-helper needs to know your Last.fm account and password.

Create a file ~/.scrobbler-helper.conf and paste the following into it:

[global]
username=USERNAME
password=PASSWORD

replacing USERNAME and PASSWORD with your actual Last.fm username and password.


What is Bogofilter?

As you have rightly understood, bogofilter is a mail filter that classifies emails as spam or ham (non-spam) by a statistical analysis of the message's header and content (body).

  Can I remove bogofilters and not break my system?

I see no problem in uninstalling Bogofilter. If you uninstall bogofilter you will not mess up Ubuntu. Sometimes bogofilter can come (or can be) integrated with  email clients such as Claws Mail, KMail, Evolution, etc. and other mail deliver agents. So if you uninstall it you may lose that functionality. That said, at least Evolution doesn't come integrated with bogofilter (instead, I think Evolution uses SpamAssasin)


python-dev install leads to "E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)"

Yes, here's what I did:

walt@bat:~(0)$ less /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-minimal.prerm
#! /bin/sh
set -e

find /usr/share/python/ -name '*.py[oc]' -delete

walt@bat:~(0)$ type -a find
find is /usr/bin/find
walt@bat:~(0)$

What this means is that /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-minimal.prerm tries to use the find utility by looking in your $PATH. It's not there.

But, find is /usr/bin/find, so /usr/bin is NOT in your $PATH.

Check your startup files (~/.bashrc, read man bash, the "INVOCATION" section) for where you set PATH=.

Here's part of a $PATH that will work for root:

export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin

That should get you going, but won't have all your customizations.


No results in Music lens after deleting rhythmbox

Out of the box - the only current media-player scopes available are banshee & rhythmbox.

Basically you cannot use clementine together with the music lens to search for music in Ubuntu 12.04 - however if you are an 12.10/13.04 or 13.10 user you are in luck.

For 12.10 & 13.04 users, the scope-packagers maintain a PPA which have the following media-player scopes in their package unity-scope-music-extras:

unity-scope-audacious Audacious Scope for Music Lens
unity-scope-clementine Clementine Scope for Music Lens
unity-scope-gmusicbrowser GMusicBrowser Scope for Music Lens
unity-scope-guayadeque Guayadeque Scope for Music Lens
unity-scope-musique Musique Scope for Music Lens

To install:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:scopes-packagers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unity-scopes-music-extras

For 13.10 users, this has been split into individual packages and are available in the repository:

sudo apt-get install unity-scope-clementine


What linux kernel should I use with Ubuntu 18.04?

TL;DR: use an Ubuntu kernel, either 4.15.xxx or the series of supported HWE kernels.

Security is important, and kernel updates are critical to security. So you should use a kernel that gets regular updates.

As you know, ukuu == Ubuntu Kernel Update Utility.
As noted at Does Ubuntu update kernels upgraded by ukuu? - Ask Ubuntu, you have to periodically do a separate step to update ukuu kernels, beyond your usual package update procedures.  In addition, note that the kernels installed by ukuu aren't tested with Ubuntu.

So unless you really need the latest mainline kernel now (e.g. for a problem with new hardware), and are willing to keep it updated and test it each time a new release comes out, ukuu sounds like a bad option.

Ubuntu offers 2 kernel options for LTS releases.
You should probably use the default kernel (4.15.xxx for 18.04) unless it doesn't support your hardware. That is the easiest, default, and most thoroughly tested approach.

If you have hardware or some unusual configuration that 4.15 doesn't support, you can use the HWE kernel (currently 4.18 for 18.04, but soon 5.0 when 18.04.3 is released in August). This requires a special one-time apt install step outlined in Kernel/RollingLTSEnablementStack - Ubuntu Wiki. That will automatically keep you updated with the series of HWE kernel releases that will change 3 more times, for 18.04.3, 18.04.4 and 18.04.5 (which use the 19.04, 19.10 and 20.04 kernels).

And of course, in both approaches, security patches and other kernel upgrades will come out regularly and be automatically installed via your normal package update procedure. That's a key advantage of sticking with the Ubuntu kernels.

For more detail, see Should I upgrade to the "mainline" kernels? - Ask Ubuntu


External Connection to School Ubuntu Server

You need to talk to the administrator of the server about opening it up to the outside world. I would think making that case for an exemption to their access policies will be a hard one. If they do not allow it now, I fail to see you convincing them to do for you only.


My wifi adapter is not detected by ubuntu 18

I had the problem same with wifi not working in Ubuntu 16.04 Server.

Firstly, you will need to see all your available interfaces:

ifconfig -a or ip link

The one that starts with w is your wireless interface.

Next, you could try to enable it by using:

sudo ifconfig wlo1 up   -- change wlo1 with your network interface name

If you get an error like Operation not possible due to RF-KILL, you will need to add the following line to /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf:

blacklist wmi

After that, you enable your wifi interface:

sudo ifconfig wlo1 up

Then add the following lines to /etc/network/interfaces:

auto wlo1
iface wlo1 inet dhcp
    wpa-ssid SSID
    wpa-psk PASSWORD

Where wlo1 is the name of my wifi interface and SSID is the wifi network name and PASSWORD is the wifi pass.

Then you can check if your interface can find networks around you with:

sudo iwlist wlo1 scan  -- change wlo1 with your network interface name

Then you restart the service using:

sudo service networking restart


How should I suggest a developer switch to an application indicator?

I currently have [YourAppName] installed on Ubuntu [version]. Starting with Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, Ubuntu has introduced a replacement for notification area items called application indicators (or appindicators). This is a cross-distro, cross-desktop mechanism to standardize the system tray interface. I'd like to suggest that [YourAppName] updates its indicator to an application indicator.

Application indicators have the following benefits:

Support for KDE, Gnome 2, Gnome Shell (Gnome 3) and Unity. This means that you only have to do the work once. Which is rather nice.
Accessibility and usability. Screenreaders can read application indicators (not true with all notification area items). Application indicators also provide a consistent user interface (same behaviour on left-click, scrubbing, etc).
System integration/reduce clutter. You can reduce clutter and integrate your application indicator with system indicators (where applicable). For example, email, IRC and instant messaging applications can integrate with the messaging menu.

For details on implementing application indicators, see:

http://unity.ubuntu.com/projects/appindicators/ (including technical overview, API and examples)
https://launchpad.net/~ayatana-dev (mailing list)
What is the difference between indicators and a system tray? (source for a lot of this content)
http://developer.ubuntu.com/resources/tutorials/all/ - no application indicator tutorial yet but maybe soon
KDE specific: How to use application indicator for KDE application?
System integration points:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MessagingMenu
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SessionMenu
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SoundMenu


Wireless card causes ubuntu 12.04 to freeze on startup

problem:
UB12.04 64-bit PC-Acer:
wifi worked normally, but recently not (dunno what upgrade/update did this)
after working for a day it freezes wifi connection and wifi button in top bar.

source:
https://askubuntu.com/questions/148174/no-wifi-after-upgrading-12-04-kernel-to-3-2-0-24-generic-pae

solution:
sudo /etc/init.d/network-manager restart

verified:
after command, wifi reconnecting and working.
dunno about tomorrow ;-)


Ubuntu 17.10 Chromium 64.0.3282.119 FLASH broken again

OK, solved it. All I had to do on top of the adobe-flashplugin was reboot the whole computer. Previously I had only killed/relaunched the browser.

Ubuntu is becoming more like Windoze...


The normal way to install the NVidia drivers in 12.04 is with the restricted drivers manager. Go to System Settings->Additional Drivers and install the drivers from there. If you want to do it from the terminal the command would be:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings


Ubuntu Netbook Edition and automatic login

It seems, that i can't use the automatic login, because my home folder is encrypted.

* (gdmsetup:2834): WARNING: Unable to lookup user name data: Success *
* (gdmsetup:2834): DEBUG: XXXXXX XXXXX is using an encrypted home, not listing him for autologin *


Press f2 on startup go into bios, go to "main", go down to "touchpad" and hit enter, change from "advanced" to "basic" hit f10 to save and reboot. Seems to be a setting that changes itself if you let your battery die, like legacy boot mode.


One of the main challenges that we face while converting MBR to GPT is that conversion is possible from MBR to GPT, only if there are no partitions or volumes present in the disk.
So, before you start, ensure there are no partitions on your disk. If there are, follow these steps:

Create a complete Backup of your disk partitions and Data.
Right click on Start Menu >> Command Prompt (Admin) to open a command prompt with elevated privileges
On the prompt screen, type diskpart and hit the  Enter key
Type list disk to obtain the list of disks
Note down the number/id of the disk you wish to convert into GPT. Once you have it, type the command: select disk <id>. Once, you hit the  Enter key, you would receive a notification stating that your disk is now selected.
Finally, type in convert gpt to convert your disk into GPT

Once your disk is converted, you can recreate your partitions and restore the data.


How to create a DSL Connection in network-manager in Ubuntu 17.10

You can create a DSL connection using command line interface to network manager.

Solution:

Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
Type nmcli con edit type pppoe con-name "My DSL" it will drop you into an interactive prompt.
set pppoe.username ISPUsername (obviously you should replace ISPUsername with the username given by your ISP)
save
quit
Now you are be able to edit other configuration in Settings > Network and it will now look like this:

After pressing  you will be able to edit the connection :)

for further configuration. See this answer for an example session.

As to the graphical interface lacking the option: most likely some packaging issue. I highly recommend to report a bug to launchpad. As I am unsure what would be the correct package, it is my considered opinion you choose network manager. (If there's a better place, maintainers will figure out who to reassign to.)


Konsole terminal showing tearing when running commands

I also had this issue on Kubuntu 18.10, I solved it by resetting my screen scaling value to 1 in System settings > Display and monitor > Scale Display


Installation failure on second m.2 SSD with AMD 3900x and Asus ROG Strix X570 motherboard

Thanks to @Ubfan1.
The solution in my case is:

Reboot into try Ubuntu grub interface and press e to enter console.
Append nomodeset right after quiet splash  no acpi = no added.
Reboot into Ubuntu again, manually partition the second m.2 nvme SSD (choose something else).
Notice to choose bootloader to be installed on this second m.2 SSD, while the Windows 10 installation on the first m.2 SSD, and the Windows boot manager is on the third disk (1000G HDD, I don't know why it is here, I attached the disk to the system only after I successfully installed Windows 10).
Find the right Nvidia driver online and install it.
Reboot.

It took me many hours try and error. Finally it worked.


Well about 99% of all commands are shared between all Distros. This you must have very clear. With this I mean that what you learn in Red Hat, Fedora, Open Suse, Linux Mint, Debian, Gentoo and others, you have a VERY HIGH chance that you can use them in Ubuntu and Vice Versa.

With this said, any place that teaches you some command (Like ls, cat, grep, etc....) will work in any distro.

For common commands I suggest this: http://linux.die.net/

For bash commands I suggest this: http://tldp.org/ and http://www.hypexr.org/

But you also need to know that the stack Network has 2 sites that dedicate themselves to similar questions, https://superuser.com/ and https://unix.stackexchange.com/

For even more in depth to Servers and Security you have https://serverfault.com/ and https://security.stackexchange.com/

Lastly a dedicated Ubuntu Help book would be found here: http://ubuntu-manual.org/downloads and for 10.10 here: https://help.ubuntu.com/10.10/


Cant Install anything on Ubuntu 12.04 after power failure

Try this:

In a terminal window, (   will open one for you) type

 sudo apt-get -f update

You will be asked for your password.  When that's done, type

`sudo apt-get -f upgrade`.

You won't be asked for your password. Watch for error messages. Let us know if that solves it.


The problem is the ownership of the files and the containing folder.

Can be solved using sudo chown -R ubuntu: Http


Package installation uninstallation error

Remove all old kernals (everything that has a revision number except what uname -r)

I did a mod from the others (someone may have a better way of doing this)

list everything installed and store to "to_remove.txt":

dpkg -l linux-* | grep ii > to_remove.txt

the second column is what you want (discard the rest) also make sure that you remove the entry that corresponds to uname -r and remove anything that DOES NOT have a revision number after it (where the revision numbers look like linux-headers-3.2.0-74)

then you can pass all those into dpkg:

cat to_remove.txt | xargs sudo dpkg -r

Please be careful with this and make sure you are only removing the correct ones.


Have you looked at this similar question? Does it work for other users?

Assuming those don't help, the commonest cause of the GUI failing for one user after login, is permissions; I tend to use the rather 'shotgun' approach of going to a terminal (ie ctrl-alt-F1), and typing

sudo -i
cd /home
shopt -s dotglob
chmod -R tom:tom tom
shopt -u dotglob
exit

& try again from user login (ie ctrl-alt-F7).
This makes the computer change everything in your home directory to be owned by you, even hidden files.


try

    sudo apt-get install RhythmBox

if your rhythmbox is out of date it will update it.

The next thing I would do is import the disc into your computer using rythmbox. let me know if it will play straight through. It sound like you have shuffle selected. It can be found up in the file bar under the control menu. If there is a check mark next to it, it is on.


Logitech headset USB not working properly on Kubuntu 14.04

[UPDATE 28/05/14 (DD/MM/YY) LAST UPDATE]---------------------------------------

Recently, I have found another solution. This consist on:

If USB Headset is not recognized:

Unplug it
Right click on KMIX tray icon
Select master channel
On the KMIX window, click on cancel button
Plug your Headset in
Right click on KMIX tray icon
The USB Headset now must be shown

[UPDATES]----------------------------------------------------------------------------

After computer reboot with the Headset plugged in, the headset work fine. I have removed it from PC, then replug it, and work again, KMix show it. Now it detects it at any moment!. Is something strange.

HAHA! I have detected something strange, if I reboot the computer without the Headset plugged in, Kmix show it when I plug it in. But, if I have the headset plugged in, and go to the KMix icon, and select master channel, and then, select the default laptop sound hardware, then, if I unplug the Headset ant replug it, it is NOT shown on KMix master channel window. And here is the solution!:

If Headset is not detected on Kmix Master channel window, do the Following:

first unplug the Headset, if it was plugged in before...

Right click on KMix icon on system tray.
Click on "Select Master Channel..."
Clik on the round check button, left to the name of the default listed Hardware (Make sure you click on the round button! it must be filled)
Close the Master Channel window
Plug the Headset in.
Go to KMix master channel chooser again
Now, the Headset must be shown

I suppose that is a software issue, related to KMix, but I am not sure.


14.04 - Network Manager takes too much time reconnecting after resume/wake

You may try to force a network restart and a wifi scan after resume. I will adapt the instructions I gave in this answer for another problem.

First, you need to create a small service script which will be triggered automatically by the system every time you resume. Run this command:

gksu gedit /etc/pm/sleep.d/20_restart_net

Add the following content:

case "${1}" in
    resume|thaw)
        service networking restart
        iwlist scan
;;
esac

Save and reboot. Now try to suspend and resume to see if it's working.


No, you should not try to create another EFI system partition.  You do not have to create another swap partition either; they can both use the same one.


what is the yakuake alternative for unity desktop?

I used yakuake but changed it for guake. To install guake, open a terminal and type this command:

sudo aptitude install guake

Guake doesn't have as many features as Yakuake but works better in a gnome or unity desktop. Also try tilda, it is even more lightweight than guake. To install tilda, type this command in the terminal

sudo aptitude install tilda

Good luck.


Why does phpstorm close when I close the terminal

The way processes are executed is that the Terminal window you open is running within the shell spawned by it.  Every time you update PHPStorm, unless you're using customized methods of installing (or the Snap version of PHPStorm), you have to 'redo' the application launcher.  Because that's not done automatically, you have to execute the script by hand until you use the in-built functions to create application launchers (see the second section of my answer).

Because you execute the script on the command line, there's a parent/child execution tree that relates to it, with the 'parent' of the chain being the terminal session.  Because of the way the system handles execution trees, if you close the terminal (a parent process) it'll try to also close the child processes (unless disowned by the shell, which is not typical if you're running the script directly as you said).

Therefore your execution tree looks like this:

[Desktop Manager]
 |_ gnome-terminal
    |_ /bin/bash
       |_ [the run script for PHPStorm]
          |_ [all child processes which actually run PHPStorm, which has its own
              execution tree as well for all its processes and threads]

Killing or closing the parent gnome-terminal kills the shell running inside it, which then kills or closes the children in the chain going all the way down until the end of the tree is reached.

You probably should use PHPStorm's built in "Create Application Launcher" function, and you might have to do this every time you install a newer version or update.  In most of JetBrain's IDEs, you can install the standard launcher so you don't need to use the start script by using their built-in "Create launcher" tools.

To create a launcher you can use on the command line, once the IDE is open, go to "Tools", and then click "Create Command Line Launcher".

To create a launcher for the GUI for the applications menu or the Unity dash/search, go to "Tools" and then click "Create Desktop Entry".

With the Desktop entry you won't need to open the terminal to launch PHPStorm anymore


Listing files that end in ".txt" from directories with the word "SALARIO" in its name without using pipes

I tried it and it works for me, so I suggest you to use the following command.

find -path '*SALARIO*/*' -name '*.txt'


Thunderbird: Emails in Inbox folder cannot be displayed after migrating from Windows 7

I would suggest trying to repair the folder index (.msf) file. This file may become damaged and result in such issues.

For each profile, Thunderbird stores messages from email folders in files with the same name as the folder's name and with no file extension for example (the Inbox folder's messages are saved in a file called Inbox and the Drafts folder's messages are saved in a file called Drafts and so on ... ). These files contain the complete messages of the corresponding folder and can get very large in size and a size of a few gigabytes is not uncommon. Therefore Thunderbird relies on mail summary files or .msf to avoid slow responses due to loading messages from very large files every time it starts or the user searches for emails.

Mail summary files or .msf files are used by Thunderbird to index messages in each mail folder. These files only contain messages headers. They are smaller in size and faster to load and search.

One mail summary file exists for each folder so for example (the Inbox folder will require two files: one is to store the actual full messages which will be called Inbox and the other file which will be called Inbox.msf will contain only messages summary AKA messages headers for indexing and searching purposes).

If the mail summary file gets corrupted or missing, that is not a big deal because it does not contain the real messages but rather an index or a reference to them and it can be fixed.

If, however, the messages storage file itself gets corrupted or missing, that's a different story and emails will most likely be lost forever.

To repair the folder index .msf file, please back up your original profile first then start Thunderbird and right click on the Inbox folder of the affected email account and choose Properties from the menu. Then click on the Repair Folder button like in the image below:

After the repair process completes, please restart Thunderbird and check if the problem is solved.

Workaround:

If the above method does not work for you, then I would suggest a workaround using Evolution mail client. This workaround is aimed at enabling you to list and view your old inbox messages. Please follow these steps to implement this workaround:

First: If you do not have Evolution installed, you can install it by running the following command in the terminal:

sudo apt install evolution

Second: Start Evolution and go to File menu -> Import and you will be presented with a dialogue box like in the image below:

Third: Click the Next button and choose Import a single file like in the image below and click the Next button again like in the image below:

Fourth: Click on the field next to Filename to open the file browser like in the image below:

Fifth: Brows to your email profile and find a directory named [Mail Account Name].sbd and click on it like in the image below:

Sixth: Find the messages file named AllMail or Inbox with no extension depending on your original mail folder and double click it like in the image below:

Seventh: Click the Next button like in the image below:

Eighth: Choose the destination folder and click the Next button like in the image below:

Ninth: Click the Apply button and wait for the operation to finish like in the images below:

Done: Your messages should be available in Evolution mail client in good shape in the destination local folder you chose during this process.


You can do it relatively easily in bash:

for f in *jpg; do
    type=$(file -0 -F" " "$f" | grep -aPo '\0\s*\K\S+')
    mv "$f" "${f%%.*}.${type,,}"
done

This is the same idea as @A.B's answer but using shell globs instead of find. The ${f%%.*} is the filename without its extension. The -0 of the file command makes it print a \0 after the file name which we then use to grep the file type. This should work with arbitrary file names, including those that contain spaces, newlines or anything else. The ${type,,} is a trick to get lower case extensions. It would convert PNG to png.

You didn't say in your question, but if you need this to be recursive and descend into subdirectories, you could use this instead:

shopt -s globstar
for f in **/*jpg; do
    type=$(file -0 -F" " "$f" | grep -aPo '\0\s*\K\S+')
    mv "$f" "${f%%.*}.${type,,}"
done

The shopt -s globstar will enable bash's globstar option which lets ** match subdirectories:

  globstar

  If set, the pattern ** used in a pathname expansion context will match all files and zero or  more  directories and  subdirectories.  If the pattern is followed by a /, only directories and subdirectories match.


Dual Boot, separate M2 / NVMe hard drives. Windows not showing

It's OK everyone! one of the M2 drives was SATA! always double check they're both NVMe before you cry for help.

Switched storage config from RAID to AHCI and Grub menu is back, Ubuntu is running on the SATA m2 and windows is currently repairing itself/ reinstalling because I didnt switch to ACHI carefully in CMD.

LESSONS LEARNED:

Always check your M2 type
NEVER just switch to AHCI... do it properly in command prompt (as
admin)


What will formatting linux partitions do?

If you format a partition, the MBR is not destroyed. However, the partition table entry for the partition you format might get changed.

Windows sometimes has a problem with changing partitions and sometimes doesn't. Your Windows might fail to boot after you formatted or partitioned but you can "fix" this with the Windows DVD. It basically takes forever to show you the option, then takes a second to do actual stuff, then it is finished.


Random greyed unresponsive screen on netbook

You can check memory and swap space usage with

free -m

If in doubt post it into your question and we'll have a look.  It does sound like the application is busy and going non-responsive.  It helps to have a look at CPU usage when this happens and see exactly what is going on.  I run Gkrellm all the time on my systems, and use the terminal command 'top' to look at processes that are using the highest cpu.  There may be another process that is using a lot of cpu occasionally, resulting in the problem with the browsers.  Once you know what is causing the problem the suggestion usually suggests itself.


Hide the gnome-panel on one of the workspaces

(UPDATE)... I just fixed a "bug" where the script (below) would only look for "panel_6"
... Also, the script will only be of use for a single-monitor system...
... However, looking into it a bit further, it may be possible with Dual/Multi-monitors.
... Here is a link to something about Panels on a second monitor...
... moving panels (between screens)
... Im not sure if it's what you're after, but is seems more appropriate for multi-monitors.

Assuming that there is no "built-in" way to do it, as seems to be the case, I've cobbled up a script to "sort-of" do it...  It simply sets the panels of your choice to auto-hide... and you can choose which workspace(s) via the args.

You can bind the script to the same keys that Compiz currently uses to switch works-spaces...

If you use any other method to get to the next workspace, it won't work, but you can also use the script to toggle the panel(s) on/off...  (ooops! I haven't got the time today to finish that bit... :(

I haven't fine-tuned it yet, but it works (up to a point).  It may or may not suit you.
(You will need wmctrl )

Here is the script as it currently stands:

#!/bin/bash

# Arg1: A capital letter; L or R .. to indicate the Left or Right direction for next work-space
#
# Arg[*]: Each arg, after the first, is the number (1-based) of a work-space for which you wish to hide the panel(s)
#         If no args are supplied, the current state will be toggled; show/hide ... hide/show
#
# Choose your panel identifiers by opening gconf-editor with this command:
#
#    gconf-editor /apps/panel/toplevels/
#
# You can test each of the listed panels by clicking in the "Value" checkbox
#  of the "auto-hide" item...
#
# Then add the Panel-IDs which you want to be hidden,
#  as shown here

panels="panel_6 panel_6" # I only use one panel, so I've just repeated it to make an "example" list
######

dir=$1;
valids="LR"
if [ "${valids/${dir}/}" != "$valids" ]
then shift 1
else exit 1
fi

eval $(wmctrl -d |sed -n "s/.*DG: \([0-9]\+\)x[0-9]\+ \+VP: \([0-9]\+\),.* \([0-9]\+\)x[0-9]\+ .*/wmax=\$(((\1\/\3))); wcur=\$(((\2\/\3)+1)); wide=\3; hide=false/p")

if [ "$wcur" -eq "$wmax" ] ; then
  if [ "$dir" == "R" ] ; then
    wnew=1
  else
    wnew=$((wcur-1))
  fi
elif [ "$wcur" -eq "1" ] ; then
  if [ "$dir" == "L" ] ; then
    wnew=$wmax
  else
    wnew=$((wcur+1))
  fi
else
  if [ "$dir" == "R" ] ; then
    wnew=$((wcur+1))
  else
    wnew=$((wcur-1))
  fi
fi

wmctrl -o $(((wnew-1)*wide)),0

for w in $@ ; do
  if [ "$w" -eq "$wnew" ] ; then
    hide=true
    break
  fi
done

for panel in $panels ; do
  gconftool-2 --set /apps/panel/toplevels/$panel/auto_hide --type bool $hide
done
exit
###############################################################################


this might be a similar problem to here. Can you try those steps? But be aware to replace the gdm with the ligthdm you are using.


Is it possible to assign shortcuts to launch applications?

Pressing Super + a number key will open the application that is at that position in the dock.

TIP: You can find this out as well as lots of other keyboard shortcuts by pressing Super.

If you would like keyboard shortcuts for applications that are not in the dock, or would like a custom key combination that doesn't involve the Super key, then follow the following instructions:

Open System Settings.
Choose Keyboard.
Go to the Shortcuts tab.
Choose Custom Shortcuts from the left (it's at the bottom of the list).
Click the + button at the bottom of the window.
In Name, type a name for the shortcut.  E.g. "Open Firefox".
In Command, type the command you want it to execute.  (For a program it is likely to be the program name in lowercase.  Mozilla Firefox is "firefox".)
Click Apply
Find your new entry in the list (the large box).
Where it says "Disabled" click your mouse.
Press the key combination you want it to be assigned to on your keyboard.

To change your key combination, just go the the Shortcuts section of Keyboard and click on the key combination it is currently assigned to, next to it's entry.

To remove your key combination, click it (not the shortcut, the name) and press the - button, next to the + button.


How to install lightdm-webkit-greeter2 on ubuntu

to compile web-greeter on ubuntu you will need to:

install Dependencies

sudo apt-get install liblightdm-gobject-1-dev gobject-introspection libgirepository1.0-dev pyqt5-dev-tools libcairo2-dev

install Python libs

sudo -H pip3 install whither
sudo -H pip3 install pygobject

then you can:

git clone https://github.com/Antergos/web-greeter.git /tmp/greeter
cd /tmp/greeter
sudo make install

NOTE1: tested on ubuntu 18.04 using python3.6, didn't work on ubuntu 16.04 using Python 3.5

NOTE2: whither package will install Qt 5.10.1, but it has a bug QTBUG-66346 it affects Qt 5.10.1 and 5.9.4. You have to downgrade PyQt5 to 5.10.0

sudo -H pip3 uninstall PyQt5

sudo -H pip3 install  PyQt5==5.10.0

  You can run the greeter from within your desktop session if you add the following line to the desktop file for your session located in /usr/share/xsessions/: X-LightDM-Allow-Greeter=true.

  You have to log out and log back in after adding that line. Then you can run the greeter from command line.

  web-greeter


Moving and deleting files in setguid folders

That's because rm, mv (and similar) involve modifying the directory structure and unless you have write (w) permission on that directory you can not do that.

This is irrelevant of the permission of the relevant file, you only need sufficient permission on the parent directory. Note that, the rm operation is actually the unlink(2) system call, which will just unlink the file from directory's file-inode mapping. While mv-ing within the same filesystem, rename(2) is executed which will map the file's inode on the new directory.

So as you can see all these requires modifying the parent directory, regardless of the file's own permission, so you need w permission on the directory for renaming/removing/creating new files.

Now, when the SETGID bit is set on a directory, all files on that diectory will be owned by the same group, the owner group of that directory.

In your case, /var/spool/mail directory is owned by root:mail with permission 775, with STDGID bit set, which will make all files under this directory to be owned by the same group, mail.

So as it stands, if you want to rename/remove myfile you need sufficient permission on the /var/spool/mail directory, either be root, or be a member of the mail group, the permission on myfile is irrelevant here as explained earlier.


How to restore sudo command after its having too many level of symlinks

Run the following to fix the error.

/usr/bin/sudo rm /usr/bin/javac

If the above line doesn't work, see if you can change to the root user then try again:

su root
rm /usr/bin/javac

Then rerun the correct line.

Hope this helps!


It seems like the upstart configuration for MySQL is not setup right. Did you install MySQL from a package?

Do you have a file at /etc/init/mysql.conf ??

Do you have only /etc/init.d/mysql ??

If you only have the latter you could try:

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

What version of Ubuntu?


Warning: One or more disk image files are not currently accessible

I had the same issue and was confused until I looked more closely and realized it was looking for the iso I originally placed on my desktop, which I had since thrown in the trash. It appears your message is telling you the same thing.

After successfully installing the ubuntu VM(/Users/user/VirturalBox VMs on mac), I discarded the ISO, but the drive is still mounted, causing the error, or warning.

I was able to select the iso listed in the dialog and press remove, and upon restart of VirtualBox, the issue was resolved.


Advene

Advene Project: http://liris.cnrs.fr/advene/index.html


Practical number of concurrent LXC limit on one node

As was said above, the overhead is minimal. Switching namespaces usually comes with no overhead (those fields already exist even for host processes), so the main overhead comes from the few extra resources that need to be created by LXC, typically 4-5 bind-mounts, maybe a couple of tmpfs mounts, two VETH devices and a loopback device.

As libraries will typically be shared between containers, even starting init and a bunch of other processes doesn't cost that much resources.

All that to say, it's pretty hard to answer your question :)
If you take a single process and compare it running on the host or running in a container, the overhead for that specific process will be 0. The actual LXC overhead comes from that process' parent and additional resources the process may use (network devices, ...).

Anyway, I haven't done any crazy benchmarking recently, but a few months back I managed to run around a thousand of simple apache2 containers complete with an init system on a simple Pentium4 box with 4GB of RAM. Those containers were sharing their rootfs to make optimal use of shared memory but everything started fine nonetheless.

Oh and about the pid_max limit, it's not really a limit as this can be bumped all the way to 2^64 nowadays (at least on 64bit systems), so the 32768 limit is something of the past.


Yes, someone is actively trying to guess your root password.

Some steps you can do to mitigate the possibility of you getting hacked:

Make sure your root password is long and unique.
Check that all your server's aplications and services are updated to
the current version, and are regularly updated.
Install an intrusion prevention system. Fail2Ban is a very good one
that will block IP attempts after X number of failed login attempts.
Reduce the number of IPs that are able to connect to your SSH server
on your firewall, to your country/region and if possible, ISP. For
example, if you live    in US, you aren't going to login to your
server from Rusia or China.
Hide your server IP behind a proxy service. Cloudflare is a great
provider for that, and has free plans available.
Establish an email alert to notify you when someone logs in to the server.

I'm sure there are other things you can do to harden your server, but this will be a good start.


Unigine Heaven run directly from terminal?

The benchmark is deliberately hobbled so so cannot be scripted to run.
This was done to "encourage" people to buy the pro or advanced licenses.

You can automate the mouse and keyboard to do things so you could fake it... But you have to monitor where things actually are. A lot of trial and error is required. Here's a little snippet that just clicks the Run button:

xdotool mousemove --window $(xdotool search heaven) 620 420 click 1

If you want to do anything serious though it seems likely that the $15 license will be the cheaper option (unless your time is worthless).


From this thread it doesn't appear that non-KDE Ubuntu has had that recently.

Nevertheless, in post #7, AIPHEE suggests going to System Settings -> Keyboard -> Custom and adding a shortcut for xkill by entering a new shortcut and assigning it. The key combination you asked about is already used by "Switch system controls directly",  however.


Why is GNOME Software Center not included in Ubuntu GNOME (14.04/14.10)?

I would say it's because Ubuntu has it's own Software Center which is better then GNOME Software Center, in their opinion. Ubuntu GNOME FAQ says the following about it:

Why do you include Ubuntu Software Center instead of GNOME Software for installing software?
Ubuntu Software Center offers user ratings and reviews, screenshots, and better search. GNOME developers currently do not intend to support easy install of proprietary software like Steam or the Humble Indie Bundles.

Source: http://ubuntugnome.org/documentation/faq/
But I'm pretty sure there is a possibility to install it, even though I can't tell you how.


Check if you have power management off using:

iwconfig

If you have power management on, disable it (temporarily) using:

sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off

This worked for me (I have a D-Link DWL-G122 adapter).

If you want disable persistently power management you should have /etc/rc.local like this:

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
sleep 10
iwconfig wlan0 power off
exit 0

Here you can add the commands that you want run at startup, but the last row must be always exit 0


removed network-manager from ubuntu 18.04

You need to connect via Ethernet cable to the network with DHCP server (dynamic IP addresses).

Then run DHCP client manually with sudo dhclient Tab (for auto-completion) and click Enter.
On my system the complete command is sudo dhclient enp0s3

Note: if unsure then  run ip link and you will find at least two interfaces here:

$ ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

and you will find ethernet as enp0s3 (may vary in your case). Ensure that you can ping some server on the net - for example ping ubuntu.com. If you cannot ping - then try with other (third) ethernet interface.

Then install manager to the system:

sudo apt-get install network-manager # for console
sudo apt-get install network-manager-gnome # for GNOME and Unity desktops

and then reboot.


It's probably a permissions problem. Try this:

chmod u+w /path/to/music/folder -R

If that's not the case, note that editing properties un *.wma files is not supported


If you have a LAN connection or net access by other means, why don't you try installing the Broadcom drivers from the official repository? Go to the Dash by clicking the first icon on the left sidebar, type 'Sources' and click on the Sources app. (Or press Alt+F2 and type software-properties-gtk and press enter.) It contains a tab called Additional Drivers, which should list the Broadcom driver. Enable it, and enter your password when asked for it.

Or, if you're comfortable with the terminal, open it and try:

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

If you have already tried the official repository, and it didn't work, please edit your question to mention this.


How to maximise a window across two monitors?

This is possible by manually telling Compiz the screen output size, using the combined resolution of the two monitors. That's where the limitation kicks in: both displays need to have the same (vertical) resolution for this to make sense (else you'd end up with cut off content on the smaller screen or dead space on the bigger one).

For example, with two monitors with 1920x1080 resolution, you'd:

Open the CompizConfig Settings Manager (if you haven't already, install the compizconfig-settings-manager package) and go to the General Options plugin.
On the Display Settings tab, disable the Detect Outputs checkbox, select the 640x480+0+0 entry and click on Edit,
Now change this to 3840x1080+0+0 and hit close.

Compiz should now treat your multi-monitor setup as one big output.


Is there anything to remember when I exchange my /?

Personally, I use tar for this sort of thing: Create a tarball on your eSATA disk with a command like:

sudo tar cvfz /mnt/backup/backup.tgz --one-file-system / /boot /boot/efi/ /home /tmp

You can then boot with an emergency system, create your partitions and filesystems, mount your eSATA disk, and unpack the tarball. You'll also need to do some cleaning up -- most notably, you'll need to adjust your /etc/fstab entries for the new system, and probably deal with your boot loader configuration to point it to the new filesystems.

You've got "UEFI" and "grub-efi" tags set, so I assume you've got an EFI-based system. One major difference between BIOS systems and EFI systems is that BIOS-based computers rely on boot code tucked away in boot sectors and elsewhere on the hard disk, whereas EFI relies on boot files on the ESP (/boot/efi in your installation) along with NVRAM entries. When you swap out one disk for another, the old NVRAM entries will no longer be valid, since the GUID of the disk and the GUID of the ESP will have changed. Thus, you'll need to either move your boot loader to the fallback filename of /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi or create a new NVRAM entry with the efibootmgr utility, as in:

sudo efibootmgr -c -l \\EFI\\newloader\\loadername.efi -L NewLoader

The details depend on where your boot loader is located and what you want to call it. In some cases you may need to add more options, particularly if the ESP isn't /dev/sda1. Consult the efibootmgr man page for details. Also, efibootmgr must be run from an EFI boot, so it won't work from some emergency disks.


Kernel compilation fails against "spl-dkms_*.deb" package not found!

@RedHatter I ran into this same issue and traced the failure to the version string parsing code in debian/rules which relies on gawk.

# Versions of dkms packages.
dkms_zfs_linux_version=$(shell gawk '/^zfs-linux / { print $$2; }' debian/dkms-versions)
dkms_spl_linux_version=$(shell gawk '/^spl-linux / { print $$2; }' debian/dkms-versions)
dkms_nvidia_version=$(shell gawk '/^nvidia-graphics-drivers-/ { print $$2; }' debian/dkms-versions)

As I was compiling this on a fresh install of Kubuntu, gawk was not available by default, causing a silent failure.

The fix for me was easy, sudo apt install gawk before starting your build.


How to reserve IP Address in DHCP Server

In this example the DHCP server IP address reservation will use the NIC's MAC Address. You need to know the MAC address to add it to DHCP configuration file. (I will be using a dummy MAC address and IP address in the example).

To find the MAC address use ifconfig, and look for the HWaddr entry

To do so, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo nano /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf

and add the following lines:

host Accountant {
hardware ethernet 00:1F:6A:21:71:3F;
fixed-address 10.0.0.101;
}

Save file and exit.

Now the DHCP server will always assign 10.0.0.101 to the 00:1F:6A:21:71:3F MAC address.

Restart DHCP

service dhcpd restart

or

sudo /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart


Official Linux version of P95: http://www.mersenne.org/ftp_root/gimps/p95v289.linux64.tar.gz

Once downloaded, unpack it and run ./mprime -m

Temperature monitoring program: Psensor

To install Psesnor, you'll need to open a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install psensor

To get the information that CPU-Z provides, just run this command:

lscpu


For the ones still looking for this:

Mount time capsule
sudo mount -t cifs //"IP Time Capsule/Namefile" -o username="Your Username",password="Your PAssword),sec=ntlm /mnt


How to Activate Zswap Successfully for Matlab Computation in Ubuntu 16.04?

You put your zswap.enabled in the wrong place.

Change this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
zswap.enabled=1

To this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash zswap.enabled=1"

then sudo update-grub and reboot.

If it doesn't work, it may not be available/compatible with 16.04.


mkusb version 12.0.5 works like this

Run the following command

mkusb -v

and you get a choice, which version to select, and then you will get the version number of that version.

Sorry about the manual, it is not quite up to date, so

man mkusb

will display an older version number. Thanks for the heads up, I will spend some time to update the manual.

Edit: mkusb -v works as expected in version 12.0.6

The behaviour of mkusb -v is improved now. You made me upload mkusb version 12.0.6. Thanks @Peter Krauss, you helped to improve mkusb :-)


You shouldn't need ccfilter to use :make. ccfilter seems to date from Vim 5. There is no mention of it in the current Vim documentation except for a filename change noted in version5.txt.

The default setting of the 'errorformat' option should work for many compilers. You can also use the :compiler command with the name of your compiler to optimize 'errorformat' for that compiler. If you have an uncommon compiler, you may need set the value 'errorformat' yourself to get something that works well for you. Finding the value of 'errorformat' for an unsupported compiler is not straightforward, but it's not hard--it just takes some fiddling and experimentation.

The :make command does not use ccfilter by default. The error message you're seeing suggests that one of your configuration files is telling Vim to use ccfilter. The ccfilter man page, found in $VIMFILES/tools/ccfilter.1 in distributions that include it, suggests using ccfilter as follows.

:set shellpipe=\|&ccfilter\>

So, when you see that error message, you could execute

:verbose set shellpipe?

which will show you where 'shellpipe' was last set. Edit that file and remove that line. There may be a line like the following nearby.

:set errorformat=%f:%l:%c:%t:%m

Remove that line, too, so that Vim can use its default 'errorformat'.

That should fix the problem.

You can find out more about using :make here.

:help 30.1
:help :make
:help compiler-select
:help errorformats


Once the USB network adapter has been configured and detected by the kernel it will show up as any other network interface card would on your computer.

typing:

dmesg

in the console will output the last logged event. Then insertion and creation of a new network device would show up in the end of this list.

You can assign IP Addresses to the USB network device in the same way you do to any network interface card.


This might be a way to work around this:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/wireless-tools/+bug/227643/comments/3

Notably:

Put the following line in your /etc/modprobe.d/options
options cfg80211 ieee80211_regdom="EU"

Then reload the module iwl4965 or iwl3945 and channels 12 & 13 should work
again.


Ubuntu 12.04 does not boot after install

If you hear the login sound, but can't see anything, then it is likely that your backlight didn't turn on (or turned off). Try booting with the following kernel parameters:

thinkpad-acpi.brightness_enable=1 acpi_backlight=vendor

To add those parameters: While GRUB is shown press e on the Ubuntu menu entry in grub2, this will take you to edit mode and add the following option to the kernel line (add it to the end of the line which starts with "linux")

thinkpad-acpi.brightness_enable=1 acpi_backlight=vendor

Then press CTRL+x to boot with the edited kernel command line.

After you succeed with the boot just edit your /etc/default/grub file and add the working kernel line parameter to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= line. After you edited the file run

sudo update-grub

to save the kernel line for later boots.

After looking at the logs I would advise you to try these:

Go into your BIOS and change you graphics to only use the integrated intel VGA card. Looking at the Lenovo user guide you can do this at the Config->Display->Graphics Device option, change that to Integrated Graphics. (You may also need to change Config->Display->OS Detection for switchable graphics to Disabled) In the live session the intel card was used, and you had no problems, but the installed ubuntu is trying to use the proprietary nvidia driver.
You may try booting with the nomodeset kernel parameter which usually solves problems with the nvidia driver. (But I don't know how nomodeset behaves with switchable graphics)
For me your logs doesn't show anything failing (but the constant (II) modesetting(G0): Modeline "1920x1080"x0.0  151.60  1920 2010 2070 2220  1080 1086 1095 1138 -hsync -vsync (68.3 kHz eP) might mean that there is a problem, I don't know this.), so I still think that this might be only a problem with the backlight not turning on. So you may try increasing the backlight with the backlight combos on your keyboard.

After you manage to solve this booting problem, then you can try searching for a solution on how to enable bumblebee or prismus to utilize both of your cards without failures.


Installing Ubuntu from disk image from PC with all the right settings once

If all computers are similar.

I suggest to you, that once set one of them, clone your hard disk and copy it to each of the other computers.

It is highly recommended that you do with root enabled, and then in each of the cloned computers, high users without administrator permissions.

To clone can be used in simultaneous Clonezilla.

http://clonezilla.org/

Clonezilla server edition is for massive deployment, it can clone many computers simultaneously.


How to install the full GNOME desktop as close to upstream as possible?

It depends upon what you understand by "pure gnome-3".  Obviously each distro pulls in components its developers consider makes up a great combined release.

Fedora and Ubuntu have different views.  The Gnome-Shell developers work on a core set of applications that each distro either includes by default or is available in their respective repositories.

Since you mentioned Fedora and its default applications- then you should consider the following:

Install gnome-shell - How do I install and use the latest version of GNOME?
Remove Unity - How can you remove Unity?
Install GDM and remove lightdm - How do I switch from LightDM to GDM?
Install Default Applications - evolution , epiphany
Remove applications - consider removing Gwibber, Remmina, Firefox, and Thunderbird.
Other GNOME goodies - consider installing the gnome  package

As an aside - for the most part, the Ubuntu developers have been very conscious to not (as far as reasonably possible) to change the gnome-shell experience.  For example PrintScr in gnome-shell doesnt prompt you for the save location whereas in Unity it does.  Therefore - out-of-the-box Gnome-Shell in 12.04 Ubuntu is much closer to the Gnome 3 developers vision.

Behind the scenes - Fedora contains elements such as SystemD which you will not have in Ubuntu (Upstart).


I think you can edit the /boot/grub/loopback.cfg file (when you made the stick with usb-creator) or the /syslinux.cfg file (when you used unetbootin) on the USB stick to include this.


Ubuntu latest LTS is now released, why can't I upgrade from previous LTS? And how can I force the upgrade?

The answer is in the Release Notes

  14.04 LTS to LTS upgrades will be enabled with the 16.04.1 LTS point release, in approximately 3 months time.

Stability in an LTS release comes first.


How can I protect against my laptop being stolen? Can it share its location?

Others had mention Prey (open source and freemium). You can also try Pombo. But your question is What to do against the thievery?. This is more broad.

Avoid being robbed

Use security/Kensington lock cable
Activate an alarm when stolen ("kill cord", pendrive or AC power removed). Something like BusKill (LAlarm or A.L.A.R.M. equivalent for Linux¹).

Avoid others access to your data

Full disk encryption LUKS: This and a backup are probably the best things to do. Hardware is replaceable, your data probably not.
Always lock your laptop (and use a strong password)

Get you laptop back

Engrave contact info so could reach you if it end on honest hands.
Prey/Pombo: Probably a little bit naive.
Add a RFID tag for tracking/SmartTag
Could be useful to save on a safe location your make, model and serial numbers (sudo dmidecode -s system-serial-number/-t chassis, lsblk --nodeps -no serial /dev/sda)

¹ Please comment for more/better alternatives.


iptables command to give internet to my guest OS via virtual box

The purpose of the host-only networking settings in VirtualBox is so that the guest OS can only see the host.  You could configure routing on your Ubuntu host so that the guest machine could use the internet after setting the host machine's IP address as the default gateway, but then you would be right back where you started (with your guest configured behind a NAT).

I would recommend that you set your networking settings on that guest back to NAT if you want to be able to access the internet from the guest.


In /var/log/messages, how do you tell if a connection started or finished?

On Ubuntu Server 12.04, that information usually goes to /var/log/syslog. I have intentionally unplugged a ethernet card on a server and connected it back, I got this:

Jun  6 20:16:34 tagua kernel: [ 4416.930972] r8169 0000:01:06.0: eth0: link down
Jun  6 20:16:34 tagua kernel: [ 4416.932817] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
Jun  6 20:19:09 tagua kernel: [ 4571.990507] r8169 0000:01:06.0: eth0: link up
Jun  6 20:19:09 tagua kernel: [ 4571.991172] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready

If I run sudo ifdown eth0 the output is (among other lines):

Jun  6 20:28:05 tagua NetworkManager[1295]:  (eth0): carrier now OFF (device state 10)

When I reactivate it with sudo ifup eth0

Jun  6 20:28:23 tagua NetworkManager[1295]:  (eth0): carrier now ON (device state 10)


What will the following command delete? rm -r * /mnt/folder

The command will remove all files and directories from the current directory and will also remove the /mnt/folder1 directory.


Installing IPcop with an established Ubuntu installation

IPCop is a different OS like Ubuntu or Windows.  So it needs its own computer to run on.  It is meant to be run on any old computer you have lying around, plugged into the network and then run as an appliance without keyboard or screen attached.

For more information: RTFM!  ;-)


How to Install/execute JCrypTool on Ubuntu 14.04

There seems to be a known issue with the combination of Ubuntu 14.04, Eclipse 3.8 and Java 8.

This answer specifies:

  Eclipse 3.8 doesn't seems to work with java 8.  So you need to
  install eclipse 4.2 (Luna) if you need to use Java 8.  And I prefer to
  use Oracle Java rather than open jdk.

In order to Install/execute JCrypTool on Ubuntu 14.04 you need the following:

Install eclipse 4.2
Install Java 8
Download jcryptool-0.9.9 tar file, and tar xzvf in your preferred folder.

I've downloaded the 64 bit version (as my Ubuntu is 64 bit) of jcryptool-0.9.9-linux.gtk.x86_64.tar.gz from here.

I've opened it in my home directory using:

tar xzvf jcryptool-0.9.9-linux.gtk.x86_64.tar.gz

And run it using:

cd jcryptool
./JCrypTool

There is no need to install it in /usr (unless you would like to share it with other users, etc)


"foomatic-rip failed" when printing to HP 2050

I ran

tail /var/log/cups/error_log

after a failed print and noticed this line a few lines before the foomatic-rip failed error

bash: c2050: command not found

So I tried these commands:

$ c2050
The program 'c2050' is currently not installed.  You can install it by typing:
sudo apt-get install printer-driver-c2050

$ sudo apt-get install printer-driver-c2050

After this the printer started printing but was printing garbage. So I first I rebooted the printer and then I removed and re-added the printer. I did it the hard way but you can try the easy way through System Settings first. Anyway, in my case first I added the driver suggested on http://www.openprinting.org/printer/Lexmark/Lexmark-CX310dn. I downloaded the deb file and installed it with

sudo dpkg --install openprinting-ppds-postscript-lexmark_20140829-1lsb3.2_all.deb

and then I visited the CUPs interface and added the printer.

Case solved.


Can I create shared partition for Ubuntu and Windows 10 keep Fast Boot?

There is no way to use a shared between Windows and Ubuntu NTFS partition and use Fast Boot.

Fast Boot is not a fast boot, Windows is set up to hibernate instead of shutdown. In this case NTFS partitions are left in a state that you can't mount them to Ubuntu with read/write permissions.

You can force this, but it may corrupt data on NTFS partitions.

The only way to use a common NTFS partition with Fast Boot enabled is to mount it to Ubuntu as read-only.


You should check the upload_max_filesize value in your "php.ini" file:

sudo -H gedit /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini


Problems burning Ubuntu onto a CD - too big

First of all please ensure that you are downloading Ubuntu from an official mirror.
Also read the instructions for burning a CD on Windows.


sudo chmod 777 -R /snap/vscode/

Did the trick.


How to disable nmbd and smbd on Ubuntu 17.04?

This is Ubuntu 17.04 and it uses systemd to control and maintain its service so try these commands:

sudo systemctl stop smbd
sudo systemctl disable smbd

And I believe that should stop it first then prevent it from restarting at reboot. To permanently disable it and prevent it from being started even when needed by another service or task use:

sudo systemctl mask smbd

See the link provided by jfs for more information on this


After spending five hours trying different solutions, re-installing the NVIDIA driver is what fixed it. I'm assuming that is because the NVIDIA driver is 3rd party and was built on the kernel I was using before the update.

How to install the NVIDIA driver


Ubuntu 12.04 Install on Lenovo x120e - Grub menu loads, but won't load Ubuntu without USB in

The problem

Grub, Ubuntu's bootloader, was installed on the flash drive, and not on your internal hard drive, as it should have been.

Solution

Boot with the flash drive plugged in. Remove it once Ubuntu is booted up.

Run the following commands from a Terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair
boot-repair

Click on the "Recommended repair" button, and reboot.

Explanation

Boot-Repair installed Grub to your internal hard drive. This allows your computer to boot without depending on the bootloader that was installed on the flash drive.

Glossary

  Bootloader: a piece of code that runs before any operating system is running. A bootloader is used to boot other operating
  systems. Each operating system usually has its own bootloader.

  GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader): a bootloader package developed to support multiple operating systems and allow the user to select among them during boot-up. It is Ubuntu's default bootloader.

  Command, command line: the traditional Unix environment , where you type commands to tell the computer what to do.

  Terminal: an application that allows you to access the command line. Open it by hitting its keyboard shortcut, Ctrl Alt T


Ubuntu Desktop as a server. Should I uninstall the GUI? And if, how?

It depends on the ramsize and your possibilities. If you are capable to administrate the server completely from a console (even when problem occurs while a ssh connection is not possible), then there is no need to keep any GUI.

If the machine hast quite much ram, the footprint of Xserver staying in the login screen is very small and the cpu consumption is nearly 0%. In that case, there is no need to think about it. It may consume some more electrical power, but I guess that is not a big point. In that case, it may be helpfull to have a GUI some times.


Run the following command in your terminal after going to your Home folder.

rm -rf .gnome .gnome2 .gconf .gconfd .metacity

This will delete any changes that you have made permanently. Then log out and log back in to check if that worked.


Why does Tar preserve the original files' permissions even when not passing the `-p`, `--preserve-permissions` or `--same-permissions` switch?

Since adonis (who spotted the problem) didn't post an answer yet, I'll post an answer myself.

[...]
     --no-same-permissions
           apply the user's umask when extracting permissions from the archive
           (default for ordinary users)
[...]

This, contrarily to what I thought, means that the umask is applied to the permissions of the folders / files in the archive, and not to the conventional permissions of newly created folders / files (777 / 666) like I thought.

I.e. a folder / file extracted without passing the -p, --preserve-permissions or --same-permissions switch won't have the permissions set to 777 & ~umask / 666 & ~umask, but to folder's/file's_archived_permissions & ~umask.

In this specific case I was additionally fooled by the fact that applying an umask of 002 to a file with permissions 775 doesn't change anything, since 775 & ~002 = 775.

So, in short, extracting a file with permissions 775 with an user umask of 002 produces, correctly, a file with permissions 775, result of 775 & ~002.


Ubuntu resumes immediately after suspending

Suspend does not turn off your computer.It puts the computer and all peripherals on a low power consumption mode.Hibernate saves the state of your computer to the hard disk and completely powers off. When resuming, the saved state is restored to RAM.
For suspending you can just close your Lid ,that way it wont restart !

you can also try this
Go to /etc/defaults/grub, change value of
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_sleep=nonvs"

Then run:
sudo update-grub


Not able to change the speed effect in Kdenlive

In your video timeline right click on the clip you want to change the speed of and select: add effect -> motion -> speed

in the properties box you will see the speed effect listed with a slider and percent box

if you don't see the slider click on the arrow next to the word "Speed" to un-collapse the effect window


Linux kernel 3.0.0-15-generic problem help needed

As izx said in the comments, downloading the iso and reinstalling would be easier.

Since you are new to Ubuntu, you might want to read the installation instructions first: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/install-ubuntu-desktop.


You want the mate desktop, it is designed to emulate the old gnome 2 desktop, you can use these commands to add it to your current 15.10 install

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/ppa
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/utopic-mate
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mate-desktop-environment-core

Now log out and click the cog icon and choose mate

Alternitivly, there is an official mate based version of Ubuntu here


What is the meaning of the XubuntuY string in Ubuntu package names?

There is a detailed explanation here and here. If you are really interested you can read the Debian Policy Manual also.
 To answer your questions:

X = this is the debian version of the package

ubuntuY = this is the Yth ubuntu version of the debian package

To quote Verbatim from the first link, package-XubuntuY****” means:

  package = this is the name of the program/library.

  X = this is the debian version of the package

  if X=0 this means that there is no debian package (or that the ubuntu
  team has forked a debian package to a newer version than the one found
  in the debian repositories) _ ex: bzip2-1.0.3-0ubuntu2_ (as shown in
  this example the debian package might be updated in the meantime and
  the ubuntu package will probably merged with it on the next version)

  ubuntuY**** = this is the Yth ubuntu version of the debian package. if
  this is missing this mean that it is a clean, unchanged debian package
  ex: gzip-1.3.5-12 (in this sample, this is the original debian package
  included in ubuntu) if this is present it means that Ubuntu has taken
  the debian package and released it with some additional patches or bug
  fixes. _ ex: sudo-1.6.8p12-1ubuntu6_ (in this sample this is the 6th
  version of the ubuntu package based on the debian version 1.6.8p12-1
  of sudo).


What's a preferred way now to bulk upload images to Flickr?

shotwell (10.10+) and f-spot  (10.04 and below) both have the ability to export in bulk to Flickr.


Setting windows 7 as start up OS during Boot

Here are the steps to follow:

1- To edit the grub file open terminal and type the following command :

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

You will got something like this :

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash”
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=””

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo’
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640×480

# Uncomment if you don’t want GRUB to pass “root=UUID=xxx” parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entrys
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY=”true”

Now to change the boot order, you need to change the GRUB_DEFAULT Entry, for example you have  windows7 in the 3rd position and you want to set it as default, to do that set default to 3:  GRUB_DEFAULT=3

2- Now update Grub using the command:

sudo update-grub

And is done!


Force Enable Hardware Acceleration in Firefox

I try this as a answer even if the question actually gave the answer to me. I had problems setting up the environment variable - because it actually went away as soon as i closed the console. It worked when I started Firefox on the same console I used the export command but nothing else. I tried setting it in bash and zsh. Then I found a solution and now what is described in the question works perfectly for me.

Check if Hardware acceleration is actually enabled in Firefox by visiting about:support looking for "GPU Accelerated Windows 1/1 OpenGL (OMTC)" under graphics. If this shows 1/1 you can stop right here, you not need this tweak. But if it shows 0/1 you can force it on ...
Open about:config in Firefox (url bar)
Set layers.acceleration.force-enabled and layers.offmainthreadcomposition.enabled to true
Run sudo bash -c "echo export MOZ_USE_OMTC=1 >> /etc/X11/Xsession.d/90environment" to set the enviorment variable globally for X (Is no longer needed for up to date Firefox versions)
Reboot and check about:support for "GPU Accelerated Windows 1/1 ..."


Software for converting mp4 files from 720p to 480p

the best software for your usage willl be Handbrake. It is a very advanced software with lots of options for you to choose.

As shown in image you can set any value of width or height of video, in your case height=480p

Installation

download deb from here. (easy way to go, but you wont get updates)

or go by PPA ( for Ubuntu 14.10 and previous versions; no ppa available for ubuntu 15.04) from here ( you need to select the Ubuntu version to get ppa). After this, run either of these:

for GUI software:

apt-get install handbrake-gtk

for command line tool:

apt-get install handbrake-cli


Is there a way to get syntax highlighting for Raku lang in Pluma / Gedit?

Raku language seems to be very modern, so it is not yet supported in gtksourceview. I have filed bug-report to its developers. So it is impossible to add its support to Pluma or Gedit for current releases.
Since 20 May 2020 its support was added to KDE. So it should work with modern versions of Kate editor.
You can try to install Kate using FlatPak:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:alexlarsson/flatpak
sudo apt update
sudo apt install flatpak
flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
flatpak install flathub org.kde.kate

For first run use flatpak run org.kde.kate.
To remove use flatpak uninstall org.kde.kate.
Notes:

Currently FlatPak provides Kate 20.04.3 without Raku support, so we have to wait.
Kate version in Snap is older, it is 20.04.1, so it does not have Raku support too.
In Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Raku support is presented in scite editor. But I will not recommend to upgrade the system to get it installed.


How can I get my webcam to work in ICANHAZCHAT?

Check out their very detailed help page http://www.icanhazchat.com/CamHelp.


Split contents of a directory into multiple sub directories

the following worked well for me. Open the directory in terminal, and just copy & paste the following script, press enter. sub directories will be created inside having names dir_001, dir_002 and so on.

i=0;
for f in *;
do
    d=dir_$(printf %03d $((i/100+1)));
    mkdir -p $d;
    mv "$f" $d;
    let i++;
done


When you have an image of a Linux installation, e.g. an .iso file, you can copy it to a sd card using dd.

An example of dd usage:

dd if=/path/to/linux.iso of=/dev/sdx bs=4M

Where if is the path to the image, of is the path to the sd card and bs is the block size.

If you want to keep track of the progress you can use pv, For an accurate progress you've to give the size of the image.

dd if=/path/to/linux.iso | pv -s 2G | dd of=/deb/sdx

Now it should appear in the list of bootable media.


Is it appropriate to report bugs for hardware which is not officially supported?

Generally speaking, if a developer is actively maintaining a software he will be interested in bug reports about it. The page you cite only refers to Ubuntu bug report system and, as it states, "If you are using unsupported software [= software not supported by Ubuntu developers], it is best to contact the maintainers directly. Instructions are generally available on the program maintainer's web site" (italics sentence is mine). That's because a person that doesn't know the software can't fix it (unless he studies the source code - but they probably won't), but the maintainers is usually able to do that quite fast.
In your specific situations, if you have problems with a tool/bootloader/driver that is not developed by Canonical you should contact the tool/bootloader/driver's maintainers and not Ubuntu ones.


To quickly get a file path in Nautilus we can use the right click context entry "Copy" to copy the file path to the clipboard.

Then just "Paste" (resp. "Paste Filenames") this path from the clipboard to the other application, e.g. a text editor.


Minecraft doesn't run; I do all the things to fix it, but it doesn't works!

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:minecraft-installer-peeps/minecraft-installer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install minecraft-installer

  Once installed, run Minecraft from the menu / Dash, login with your
  Minecraft account and the installation should start automatically.

Source

... and you can play Minecraft


Will Ubuntu format my whole HDD if I let it install automatically

You have an option:
Boot using Linux Live USB, open gparted create partitions which you need and then finally install Ubuntu on those partitions.


How to install default 20.04 bgrt plymouth?

Do this...
If you did remove/purge plymouth-theme-spinner then, as @norbert suggests:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall plymouth-theme-spinner

If you didn't remove/purge plymouth-theme-spinner then just do:
sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth

sudo update-initramfs -c -k $(uname -r)

Then select the bgrt option.
Reboot. Be happy!


You can use Tasque. It is available in the Ubuntu Software Center or you can download it from here. It's good for local tasks. Tasque can store the list locally or with Remember the Milk's API and has an average rating.


Try using a bootable USB with persistence enabled.

  A Live USB is configured to run on almost all desktops and has a great
  compatibility with various hardware. If you want to test the Linux
  distro on various computers, using a Live USB with data persistency is
  the best way to do it.- https://www.maketecheasier.com/persistent-live-usb-vs-full-install-usb/


Installing programs. Understanding Ubuntu. Command Prompt hard time

Refer ubuntu community (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/),

help.ubuntu.com/community/UsingTheTerminal   --Use of Terminal
ubuntu-manual.org/downloads      ---Ubuntu manual
help.ubuntu.com/           --- Official Ubuntu Documentation
many more with google.com


Unfortunately we can not define the recording source for any recording application with the GNOME sound settings from the panel. We need to install pavucontrol  to do so.

After having started the recording from an application we will see the name off the application and the source from where it records in the Recording tab. There we may have to define the source Monitor of <your soundcard> to record:


The answer Sean suggests is one way of accomplishing this, another would be to just create a swapfile on the stick, that way you can also use your stick for other files. Like so:

find out where the stick is mounted. Look in nautilus or issue mount in the terminal
create an empty file of dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/YOURSTICK/swap bs=4096 count=131072. This creates a 512 MB file (512 * 1024^2 / 4096 = 131072)
create the swap and enable it sudo mkswap /media/YOURSTICK/swap && swapon -p 1000 /media/YOURSTICK/swap

The swap on your USB stick won't be faster than one residing on your HDD. Also it will kill the stick on the long term, writing does that to USB sticks.

To increase the usable amount of ram check out zram.


I found what was wrong. I had previously tried to build from source the latest version of Glade 3.18.3. But that required my gtk to be be 3.12.0 . But my gtk was 3.10.0 and that seemed to be the latest version acquirable through apt-get install. So I downloaded the source of the actual latest version 3.12.2 and built that from source and executed a make install statement on it.

However the glade 3.18.3 source still wouldn't build. So... There it was. So I gave up on it and thought what if sudo apt-get install glade would work ?

And it was after this that I tried to run glade from the applications menu and the Error I mentioned in the question here happened to me.

So anyway, I did a

sudo make uninstall

in the source directory of the gtk 3.12.2 . Lo and behold it worked. It uninstalled everything I had installed and now Glade is working.

I'm using ubuntu MATE 14.04 btw.


Launcher and dash has a red tint after update to 12.04

What you are seeing is actually the new chameleon feature in Unity

the animated gif doesnt really give justice to this!

Linked Question:

How do I disable the chameleon effect in notifications and the Unity launcher?


It's been over two years since rEFIt has been updated, which is why I forked the rEFInd project from rEFIt. rEFInd includes a number of improvements, many of them related to directly booting Linux kernels with EFI stub loader support.


How do I mount a logfs-formatted file system?

Looks like Ubuntu does not compile the LogFS

$ grep -i logfs /boot/config-3.*
/boot/config-3.0.0-15-generic:# CONFIG_LOGFS is not set
/boot/config-3.0.0-16-generic:# CONFIG_LOGFS is not set

However, you can clone the latest LogFS source using following command:

git clone git://github.com/prasad-joshi/logfs_upstream.git

The userland tool can be cloned using

git clone git://github.com/prasad-joshi/logfsprogs.git


How to update a Python package which was installed by pip

From results of man pip :

-U, --upgrade
         Upgrade all packages to the newest available version.

The -U option of pip upgrades all package(s) that come after it in the same command to the newest available version. An exception is made where upgrading a package will conflict with a newer version of one of that package's installed dependencies, in which case the dependency package is kept at the newer version and an older version of the same dependency package is installed alongside it to allow both packages to be upgraded to the newest available  version.

Open the terminal and type:

python -m pip install -U cryptography

This command will upgrade the cryptography package from 1.2.3 to the latest version, 2.4.2.

Check the version of the upgraded cryptography Python module.

$ pip freeze | grep cryptography
cryptography==2.4.2


Ubuntu 13.10, virtualbox 4.2.16r86992, vm with bridge or host only network does not start

I have recently reported this problem as a bug to Launchpad .

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/virtualbox/+bug/1220724

The bug has now been Confirmed.


How to switch keyboard layouts in Xubuntu?

the command 'setxkbpmap' can help

If you want to switch from the belgian azerty to the us qwerty or the opposite, you can do:

setxkbpmap us
setxkbpmap be

You can also change way more parameter of the keyboard... see man setxkbpmap

(The link given by 2707974 can also help)


Until someone comes up with a proper fix, you could create an icon on your Desktop which would run your command without having to open terminal first.

Step 1

Using ALT+F2 type

gnome-desktop-item-edit --create-new ~/Desktop

This will launch the old GUI Dialog and create a launcher on your Desktop:

Step 2

fill in the details with your command line of sudo shutdown -h now and you are ready to  shut down with a single(or double) click of your mouse.

Hope this helps


Is there any screen recorder with zoom functionality?

On KDE, you can use the Meta (Windows) key and "+/-" to zoom in and out to the desktop. As long as you have a screen recorder such as recordmydesktop or SimpleScreenRecorder, you should be able to capture it just fine.
I'm not aware yet of a screen recorder that zooms with its own software, but with SimpleScreenRecorder you have a lot of options such as a rectangle, window or screen to record and 'follow the cursor'.