How do I delete Fedora 15 from Ubuntu 12? Fedora was installed first

OS-Uninstaller is a small graphical tool to perform a clean and quick uninstall of any operating system (Windows, Mac OS, Ubuntu, other Linux distribution..) that is installed on your computer.
Features

It supports removing only selected OS boot list entries in the GRUB.

Or completely remove the GRUB and replace it with the original MBR (master boot record) that was there before installing Ubuntu.

It also automatically reformats the partition of the OS that you just removed into NTFS (default) or ext4, depending on the OS that was there before.

Change the GRUB menu’s display timeout.

Backup the partition table and the boot sectors (just in case).

It also lets you manually change the MBR and its installed location of hard disk and the partition it’s linking for booting. But for most users, you don't have to tweak any of these.

1st option: get a disk including OS-Uninstaller

Download boot-repair-disk (rescue disk including the Boot-Repair tool).

Then burn the image on a CD, or create a live USB using a USB flash drive that is 1GB or larger.

Boot it.

A window (Boot-Repair) will appear, close it.

Then launch OS-Uninstaller from the bottom left menu.

2nd option: install OS-Uninstaller in Ubuntu

Boot your computer from an Ubuntu live DVD or live USB.

Choose "Try Ubuntu".

Open the terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run the following commands:
 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
 sudo sed 's/trusty/saucy/g' -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu-boot-repair-trusty.list
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install -y os-uninstaller
 os-uninstaller

os-uninstaller is available from ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair for all currently supported versions of Ubuntu.

Using OS-Uninstaller

Launch OS-Uninstaller.

Choose the OS you want to remove and click the OK button.

Source: revised from Ubuntu Documentation OS-Installer wiki


Cannot SSH from outside LAN despite port forwarding seems fine

Check your gateway on the SSH server is set to the router doing the port-forwarding.

route -n

The default route should point back to that router, otherwise, you will be able to initiate connections through it, but the ACK's won't go anywhere!


Large snap packages because of dependencies

Seems like there's a conflict here for you. Snaps do some great things, but they will, by their very nature, require more space than packages which share dependancies. As much as I hate people who give this response, you'll need to consider if snaps are right for you instead of old fashioned packaging. If you're completely out of options and you really need a way forward, you could do something extreme like btree subvolumes made from snapshots, but that's way over the top.


You are confusing the name of the processor architecture: "amd64" with the brand of processor.

Current Intel processors run the "amd64" processor architecture. The architecture is named that because it was initially invented by AMD (or at least, the 64-bit extensions were).

The correct architecture for your CPU is "amd64".  Sometimes this architecture is called "x86_64" - this is synonymous.


Where did the startup-applications-preferences program go?

The if you can't find the program anywhere, try running gnome-session-properties from the command line (or alt+f2).

If it's not installed, I'm sure you can install the package gnome-session-properties.


Failing gnome-shell theme: where can I find errors/configuration apart from gnome-tweak-tool?

LOL, that's not really an error. It just means you don't have any themes installed. It'll go away if you install some themes. Don't worry about it. :)

However, I am concerned about the high CPU activity. Have you looked at System Monitor to see what is taking up so much CPU?


How to speed up copying files to NTFS drive?

You don't know whether the problem is reading from the SSD or writing to the USB. So, instead of copying SSD -> USB, try copying SSD -> Hard Drive -> USB.


NFS mount by IP is fine but can't mount by domain name

I found out the problem after flushing the whole db file of bind9 and retyped it. If you look at my nslookup there, the resolved IP is 192.168.0.107 instead of 192.168.1.107.

After retyped the bind9 db file for the zone, It works, I guess the old file's Record of the zone nfs.student.co.uk was wrong.


Wifi will not automatically connect after Ubuntu update

Installing the correct wireless drivers fixes the problem. Follow the instructions from this post (for Broadcom wifi cards).


I fixed it with the help of "pavucontrol".
For some reasons Configuration->Internal Audio was set to "Dummy device". I changed the config back to "Analog Stereo Duplex". Now Loudspeaker and headphones are working again.
This Link is really helpful:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshooting


using a sudo command without a password for a certain app

To prevent corrupting the /etc/sudoers file, always use the visudo command. If you don't like the default editor set the EDITOR environment variable to your desired one.

Put your user specification line as the last line in the sudoers file.

Update:

Please see: Adding NOPASSWD in /etc/sudoers doesn't work


Disks are mounted by themselves on Ubuntu Server 16.04

For anyone dealing with same issue - adding the noauto flag to both fstab and crypttab seems to have fixed this.


You can create a shellscript file with a list of commands for single files. It will not be very fast, but this way you will avoid the problem with a too long argument list.

Try first with less than 1 million commands (for example 15), in order to check that it works correctly.
Modify /path/to/sourcedir and /path/to/targetdir to match your actual directories.

find /path/to/sourcedir -maxdepth 1 -type f -printf "mv \"%p\" /path/to/targetdir\n" | head -n 15 > myscript

Make the script executable

chmod ugo+x myscript

Run the script

./myscript


Ubuntu 20.04 VPS randomly restarting with Cron Job

I just checked on freshclam. Its purpose is to update the virus databases with the latest definitions.
https://linux.die.net/man/1/freshclam
It can be set up as daemon process to update the virus definitions
You can do a ps -ef | grep to see if it's running.
It's also a good idea to find the freshclam.conf file and inspect the settings. Based upon the error codes, it wants to do the updates daily, but there could be a reason why the database update fails in this particular way.
Could it be a good idea to remove the database and or reinstall the daemon for freshclam?
Along the lines of messages on the cron running reboot jobs, I also found this:
https://serverfault.com/questions/883370/cron-running-reboot-jobs
which suggests that the message doesn't necessarily indicate a failure.  Go figure !


Does anybody facing problem while shutting Ubuntu 11.04 down?

I had installed Metasploit on my Ubuntu machine. I simply disable the Metasploit server and ubuntu started to shutting down normally :)


Your question is a little light on details but here are some suggestions:

Check if Samba is installed:

whereis samba

Make a Samba share (Samba needs to know what you want to share!):

mkdir /home/<username>/sambashare/
sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

At the bottom of the file, add the following lines:

    [sambashare]
    comment = Samba on Ubuntu
    path = /home/username/sambashare
    read only = no
    browsable = yes

Finally, restart Samba so that it loads your new configuration:

sudo service smbd restart

Now you need to create a Samba user (not one that already exists in your system):

sudo smbpasswd -a username

Samba should now be running. To connect to the Samba share from another computer:

Under Mac OS X or Linux: Open a file browser, click on connect to server and in the dialogue box, enter smb://ip-address/sambashare (replacing ip-address and sambashare with your values.)
On Windows, open File Explorer and in the path at the top of the window enter \\ip-address\sambashare

Hopefully, you're sorted now!


I solved that problem by installing the newest version of xcalib, as detailed here:
Firstly, you need to have git, make, cmake, and some libraries:
sudo apt install git cmake make libx11-dev libxrandr-dev libxxf86vm-dev

Then do:
git clone https://github.com/OpenICC/xcalib.git
cd xcalib
cmake CMakeLists.txt
sudo make install

That works even if you do not get an error message. It works on Ubuntu 19.10 and 18.04. Also with Unity desktop manager.


Ubuntu 18.04 not booting on Asus X541S dual boot

Check that your bios is not configuring your drive as a RAID drive. I believe you need to set that to AHCI for Ubuntu to install EFI bootloader properly. I read that somewhere which I don't remember now, but I changed that on my laptop before installing 18.04 and the installer does show up in the EFI bootmanager.

Note that you need to be careful when changing it from RAID to AHCI if you have Windows installed on your machine also, you need to boot to safe mode before chaning RAID to AHCI. After booting to safe mode, Windows will adjust the driver to the correct one when you reboot back to normal windows. Good luck.


(K)ubuntu 19.10 can't print text files from console

Sort of a solution:
1st
Sun 28 Jun 2020 02:45:17 PM EDT <------------------/ trying cups install /---
open CUPS 2.3.1
http://localhost:631/
After install only prints the first line of text file, and acts like the job is done?
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root 63080 Apr 10 09:12 /usr/lib/cups/filter/texttopdf <--------/  likely problem  /---
D [28/Jun/2020:14:46:02 -0400] [Job 59] PID 71266 (/usr/lib/cups/filter/texttopdf) crashed on signal 6.

[ jack @ s0n5-u20 scr-2  ~ ]
$ echo "a" | CHARSET=utf-8 /usr/lib/cups/filter/texttopdf 1 user title 1 "PageSize=A4" > out.pdf
Unsupported OTF font / glyf table
texttopdf: fontembed/sfnt.c:651: otf_get_width: Assertion `0' failed.
Aborted (core dumped)

Print text files works on Ubuntu 20.04:
gvim
konsole prt sc
$ enscript /tmp/le0203
    [ 1 page * 1 copy ] sent to printer ----/   works  /---
    but has file location on header ???  not desireable.
$ enscript -B /tmp/le0203
    no file location header !

print text files fails
lp
lpr
Using enscript -B is a workaround, <------/ my tmp solution /--
It's weird that Ubuntu 20.04 is not tested for lp and lpr use?


Reading from a text file and executing contents in terminal

it can be done. Just cd to the directory of the file in the terminal and type chmod +x commands.txt, and then ./commands.txt runs commands in the file

No, it need not be .txt, extension doesn't matter


Same problem here. For me at least connecting via DisplayPort directly does wake up the screen although I have to reenable it every time after standby. Beside that the display will show a picture while booting now which has not been the case with HDMI.
I filed a bug at launchpad against this issue.


First fix the broken installation:

  sudo dpkg -r cuda-repo-ubuntu1304-6-0-ea

Follow this answer to install cuda toolkit.


Exit file explorer in Vim without closing

The command :bd (delete current buffer) appears to close an active file explorer without closing Vim, even if the explorer is full-screen.


In a terminal window you type (or copy & paste) the following command line

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Then there is a prompt to enter your password (the same one as you use to log in to your user account). This assumes that you have superuser privileges. Otherwise you are not allowed to install programs like this. I get the following prompt, and you get a prompt for your user ID.

[sudo] password for sudodus:

There is no echo (no stars, nothing) when you enter your password, but it is read anyway, so

enter your password
and finish with the Enter key.

Then things start to happen. (I have an up to date version of lubuntu-restricted-extras, so I get the following output.)

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
lubuntu-restricted-extras is already the newest version (65).

Edit: After writing the answer, I saw your latest comment. I suggest that you try to repair your system according to the following link (the tips using command lines)

askubuntu.com/questions/885453/16-04-software-download-stuck-pending 'From the command line'


Create a new group and add the user to that group.
Set the user to login to its own HOME in /home/$USER/ (not to any dir outside the home) and then symlink the files and directories you want them to be able to edit.  Set the files in there to chmod 700
/etc/ssh/sshd_config needs this:
Subsystem sftp {somename}

   Match Group {somegroup}
   ChrootDirectory /home
   ForceCommand {somename}
   X11Forwarding no
   AllowTcpForwarding no

and that user can not get outside of its /home and can only access the file available through the symlink.
If you want a different partition for this you can do that too but use a directory for that where you set it to root:root and in there use the username and groupname. A user will not be able to go outside the root directory (as it is owned by root). The above config can be used. ChrootDirectory then needs to be that directory you set to "root".


I cannot find the .desktop files to remove them from dash

grep is case-sensitive; that is, you must match the pattern with respect to uppercase and lowercase letters. Adapt your find-command and search again.

find / -name '*.desktop' | grep Deus


For first, make sure uhd drivers are installed. If not already installed, hit the following:

sudo apt-get install libuhd-dev libuhd003 uhd-host

Then hit

uhd_find_devices

If the USRP is not found yet, hit the following for update firmware with default images:

uhd_images_downloader
uhd_image_loader --args="type=usrp2,addr=<IP address>"

At the end of the procedure, your USRP is reachable at default ip. Then run

uhd_find_devices

to check if the USRP is found.


Accidentally removed /bin. How do I restore it?

Is it possible?

Well, most trivial and important utilities are installed in /bin, and now you lost access to all of them. In fact, if you reboot, your system will not be able to boot-up anymore.

Anyway, we are going to fix the issue and make /bin's contents as close as is possible to where it was. The only difference would be some symbolic links which we will fix too.

How?

First, we should chroot into your broken system, but with a minor difference! After that we will get a list of installed packages on your system which have any installed file in /bin directory, then we are going to only download the needed packages and extract the necessary files into /bin. Then we'll be done.

For example, after chroot, we can get a list of packages which have installed files in /bin using:

dpkg --search /bin | cut -f1 -d: | tr ',' '\n'

And we can also use:

dpkg --listfiles PACKAGE-NAME | grep "^/bin/" # or awk '$0 ~ "^/bin/

to list installed files by these packages in /bin.

Then we simply create a list of all packages that are necessary to us, then download them and extract them to /bin with something like:

xargs apt download < list-packages
dpkg-deb -x PACKAGE .
mv ./bin/* /bin

However we must use a script to check all installed packages on our system, because doing it manually is just madness.

So I wrote a script which does everything we need. It finds all necessary packages for us to restore /bin, shows us the name of each package and their related files that belongs to /bin. Here is a screenshot:

At the end we choose to reinstall all packages or only download and extract the necessary files to /bin (which is the recommended option):

You can grab a copy of this script or download it directly.

Lets start

chroot

Boot your system with a live disk which has same architecture as your installed Ubuntu, open a terminal and get root access:

sudo -i

Mount your root file system (for me it's /dev/sda1):

mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

We will need connectivity to the Internet, so copy resolv.conf from live Ubuntu to your mounted root partition:

cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/resolv.conf

Now copy the script to somewhere on the mounted partition, e.g:

cp /media/ubuntu/usb/restore-bin.sh /mnt/restore-bin.sh

or you can download it using wget, etc. like:

wget https://git.io/v9fRm -O /mnt/restore-bin.sh

Mount other necessary paths:

mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
mount -t proc /proc /mnt/proc

And here is the minor difference: how can we chroot to a broken system when there is no /bin directory in there? Which shell should we run?

So create a temporary bin directory. e.g: named bintmp within your broken system root:

mkdir /mnt/bintmp

Then bind the live /bin into that:

mount --bind /bin /mnt/bintmp

Chroot into the system while setting the /bintmp/bash as your login shell:

chroot /mnt /bintmp/bash

Export the /bintmp as your PATH environment variable:

export PATH=/bintmp:$PATH

Give the script the executable bit:

chmod +x restore-bin.sh

Run the script:

./restore-bin.sh

Wait for the search to be completed then answer the question we saw in the screenshot. It will start to restore the /bin and we are almost done.

After it's done, use CTRL+D to get out of chroot environment and unmount the mounted paths:

umount -R /mnt

Reboot the system.

Restoring the links within /bin

Now almost all of files within /bin directory are back, except around 5 symbolic links which are managed by update-alternatives.

In your running system, run:

sudo update-alternatives --all

It asks you some questions; you can simply press ENTER to accept them all.

And now we are done.


New Ubuntu install onto new hard drive that I also want to use for Win 7 backups

Step 1 Create an NTFS partition of the size you want for Windows backup. Leave the rest of the drive unformatted for Ubuntu installation.

Step 2 Choose ”Something Else" during Ubuntu installation. See How do I partition a drive so that the data is separate from the operating system? for details partitions for Ubuntu.

Step 3 See Installing Ubuntu on one of two hard drives for the rest of two drive setup.


DisplayLink USB monitor with Ubuntu 14.04 and nVidia GPU

I got this to work on my Laptop with Intel Graphics + Nvidia 870M by switching the GPU from Nvidia to Intel using Nvidia X Server Settings. I'm using the Nvidia proprietary driver 352.xx and the latest displaylink linux drivers from displaylink's website.


Problem With Unetbootin (Or, Perhaps, Me)

I've given up on unetbootin. I download the .iso to my home directory and use dd.

In a terminal window, you'd type sudo dd if=inputfile.iso of=/dev/sd* bs=1M where inputfile.iso is your lubuntu iso, /dev/sdc is the usb thumb drive and /dev/sdc is the device your usb thumb drive is. Get the if and of right, because dd will overwrite stuff in a flash.


Unity Doesn't run after upgrading via xorg-edgers

Looks like there are some problems in xorg-edgers, this is the one I hit:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity/+bug/860707
Unity 3D not longer working after upgrade on a Quadro NVS 140M/

To get back to something more stable:

sudo ppa-purge xorg-edgers

Afterwards, restart X:

sudo service lightdm restart


Is there a way to see only the applications running in a specific workspace?

There will be some changes coming up related to this, some interesting reading
https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity/+bug/863399

Atm, other than expo (super+s), you can do a spread on windows in the current WS using Shift+Alt+up arrow

The spread (scale) can be enhanced to some degree by enabling the Scale Addons & Text plugins which will provide an window tilebar overlay with various options


Can't connect to ubuntu keyserver when guest in virtualbox

It seems your network filters access to port 11371, which is used by the hkp protocol by default.

To workaround this issue, select another key server that is also available on port 80, by adding the --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 flag to add-apt-repository. This selects one of the key servers available on port 80 from the SKS key server network.

In case port 80 is also only available behind a proxy, you could

use hkps for retrieving keys, which uses https on port 443 and might not be proxied
configure the proxy in apt-add-repository


Katoolin post-installation size on Ubuntu

I don't think so Katolin takes that much size . The total size of Katoolin3 directory is 17mb. I've only installed 3 tools if you want to install all the Kali Linux tools it would definitely take a much larger size but if you want to download specific tools you can download it in 45Gb easily


ifdown cannot see my WiFi interface (kubuntu 16.04.3)

The command ifdown is reserved for interfaces which are configured in /etc/network/interfaces. Yours is configured in Network Manager instead. I suggest that you use:

sudo ifconfig wls1 down


Limiting file access for a huge number of users

You can do this via UNIX permissions, and already exists as based in Ubuntu.

Home folders can do this already. Each user, as you know, has a home folder. They (and the superuser) are the only ones who can read files in there.

Processes start with the same permission set as the user. For example, a execuatable containing rm -rf /etc/ will only successfully run if that user has permission to write directly to /etc. However, you should note that system files NEED to be read by all users. You can't change that without SERIOUS problems.


Open a terminal and type: sudo apt-get remove --purge gnome-shell

This will remove Gnome-Shell and its config files.

After that write: sudo apt-get autoremove just to be sure.

If you want to remove the session from the list, open a terminal, type cd /usr/share/xsessions/ && ls. The file should probably be something like gnome.desktop or gnome-shell.desktop I'm not sure.

Remove it with sudo rm -rf gnome-shell.desktop


A quick google search revealed, that the script will only look for the basedir (which is hard wired) if the path in BACKUPDIR is not available i.e. does not exist.

Please double check, that

the folder you entered is valid
the folder you entered is accessible
the notation in the config file is valid (quotation marks are required in this one!)

From your description I doubt that you chose the correct path.
/home/backup would let me guess that you try to write to the home folder of a user named "backup".
Adding folders to the /home directory other than user homes is no good practice. You should always try to avoid this.

Also, from the link you provided, you can read that the script is run as a daily cron, which you can find in /etc/cron.daily


I suggest that you try the current version of append_clipboard.py from https://gist.github.com/SergKolo/ff9defd9cef4e704a64be505f28fa3cd

The script was modified 6 hours after your comment regarding Notify 0.7 and appears to address your concerns.

Dont forget you need to have xclip installed as referenced in @Serg answer to How to only append to clipboard (but not overwrite current data)?


Lubuntu 20.04 won't boot after clean install

I had the same problem on my Acer 7720G and somehow solved it by following the "second option" given in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair.
Quote
2nd option : install Boot-Repair in Ubuntu

either from an Ubuntu live-session (boot your computer on a Ubuntu live-CD or live-USB then choose "Try Ubuntu") or from your installed Ubuntu session (if you can access it)
connect to the Internet
open a new Terminal, then type the following commands (press Enter after each line):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair
Unquote
Following the above, boot-repair app will appear on the screen. Proceed with “ Advanced options” since “Recommended repair” did not solve the problem. In “Advanced options”, click the following (if I remember correctly!) and do not touch other settings already clicked by default.

Reinstall GRUB
Repair file systems
Reset extra space after MBR (solves the [FlexNet] error)
Uncomment GRUB_GFXMODE (solves the [out-of-disk]error)

And then “Apply” the changes. Hope this help.


18.04: Different IP addresses found with IP lookup command line

No, ethX ot wifi shouldn't always match curl ifconfig.me.

The 71.19.252.146 is your real internet address, but 10.x.x.x addresses are local.

You are connected to some router (local or ISP managed) that translates addresses using NAT.


How to enable guest session in ubuntu 14.04

As @dobey stated, it depends on the login manager. However, I will assume that you are using the default (which is lightdm) and that you are accessing a personal computer graphically (as opposed to some server through ssh).

Use the command (or some equivalent) gksudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf. Assuming this file exists, it should look something like:

[SeatDefaults]
user-session=ubuntu
greeter-session=unity-greeter
allow-guest=false

There may be additional lines if other settings have been changed. For example, mine is:

[SeatDefaults]
user-session=ubuntu
greeter-session=unity-greeter
allow-guest=false
greeter-show-manual-login=true
greeter-hide-users=true
autologin-user=ashum02

Find the line beginning with allow-guest=. If it is commented-out (although it shouldn't be), uncomment it. Then make sure it is set to true.


Print "hello" if number of files in a directory is bigger than the number in first line of a file

You can use this one liner:

files=( * ); [[ ${#files[@]} -gt $(head -1 check) ]] && echo 'hello' || echo 'oh no'

files array will contain the files of the current directory, so ${#files[@]} shows the elements in the array i.e. number of files in the current directory.

The file check whose first line is a number is extracted by head -1 check.

Here is the expanded form :

Finally if number of files is greater than the number at the first line of check ([[ ${#files[@]} -gt $(head -1 check) ]]), hello is printed.

Here is the expanded form :

#!/bin/bash
files=( * )
if [[ ${#files[@]} -gt $(head -1 check) ]]; then
    echo 'hello'
else
    echo 'oh no'
fi


First, silly, question: is there a hardware Wifi button and is it set to on? :-)

If that's not the case, you may need to find drivers for the card - some manufacturers haven't got open drivers in the kernel. Open a terminal, and do sudo lspci, then look for the brand and model in that list.


Ubuntu 18.04 - system forcely restarted, all drivers are gone (unclaimed)

In case anyone had the same situation, I had reinstalled ubuntu common drivers
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-drivers-common

then restarted the machine.


You can add the Wily repositories to your sources.list and use Apt preferences as described here. That question is about upgrading a package, but the exact same idea applies for downgrades. However you will need to initially install the Wily version manually (or give it a priority over 1000) to force the downgrade. After the downgrade is done, a priority of 501 on the Wily package will be enough.

Note that since binutils contains many important system tools, it would not be surprising if the downgrade caused your system to function incorrectly. In that case you should install a full Wily system.


The link is missing from the page.

You can still download it directly, like this:

curl -s -f https://01.org/sites/default/files/downloads/intelr-graphics-linux/sklgucver61.tar.bz2

OR

wget https://01.org/sites/default/files/downloads/intelr-graphics-linux/sklgucver61.tar.bz2


Making webpy framework accessible from outside the local network

Taken from the book from the official site:

  By default, web2py runs its web server on 127.0.0.1:8000 (port 8000 on localhost), but you can run it on any available IP address and port. You can query the IP address of your network interface by opening a command line and typing ipconfig on Windows or ifconfig on OS X and Linux. From now on we assume web2py is running on localhost (127.0.0.1:8000). Use 0.0.0.0:80 to run web2py publicly on any of your network interfaces

Note the Use 0.0.0.0:80 to run web2py publicly on any of your network interfaces

Most of these frameworks have the same method for running their development servers locally/publicly.

Back to the answer, if you haven't set any configuration file, you need to run your development server using:

python web2py.py --ip 0.0.0.0:80 # or any other port you want...

Reference


Reporting a paper cut is just like reporting a normal bug, which is explained here.

Once you've reported the bug according to those guidelines, there are a few more steps to follow to upgrade it to a paper cut.

Add a task for the One Hundred Paper Cuts project by clicking on the "Also affects project" link at the bottom of the list of affected projects, marked here in red:

The dialog you see will depend on whether or not this bug has already been reported upstream. If it has, then you can skip to the next step. If it hasn't, you will see the following dialog.

This dialog assumes you want to report the bug upstream, but that is not what we're trying to do here. Indeed, the bug should go upstream, but that is outside the scope of this question. Click on the link marked in red to "Choose another project". When you do that, you will see the following dialog:

Enter hundredpapercuts as the affected project and click Continue, and you will see the following:

The bug is now reported as a paper cut.


I'm not sure you are using the network manager applet. I would recommend typing nm-applet and use that. In case you need a workaround with the command line, you can configure network manager using nmcli tool. The syntax for wireless connections is as follows:

nmcli dev wifi connect <(B)SSID> [password <password>] [wep-key-type key|phrase] [iface <iface>] [bssid <BSSID>] [name <name>] [--private] [--nowait] [--timeout <timeout>]

Just remove the things that you don't need and change the ones that you need. If you don't have a WEP network, just don't use the wep-key-type option. This should be enough for a simple WPA/2 connection:

nmcli dev wifi connect mynetwork password my-password


Find an executable file in a directory and assign it to a variable through bash

I would say doing something generic to get multiple results, and then using parts of that result to specific things is not a good idea. I would suggest doing a more targetd search for each of the variables.

Disregarding this, I had fun coming up with the following solution:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

main() {
    local coind coincli
    read -a executables -r < <(find . -maxdepth 1 -type f \( -perm -1 -o \( -perm -10 -o -perm -100 \) \) -printf "%f ")

    (( "${#executables[@]}" > 2 )) && { echo "Found more than 2 executables: ${executables[*]}"; return 1; }

    local word
    word="$(comm -12 --nocheck-order <(grep -o . <<<"${executables[0]}") <(grep -o . <<<"${executables[1]}") | awk '{printf $0}')"

    for executable in "${executables[@]}"; do
        local variable="${executable/${word}/coin}"
        variable="${variable//[^a-z]/}"
        declare "${variable}=${executable}"
    done

    echo "coind: ${coind}"
    echo "coincli: ${coincli}"
}

main "$@"
exit $?

find . -maxdepth 1 -type f \( -perm -1 -o \( -perm -10 -o -perm -100 \) \) -printf "%f " - find files with executable permission in current directory, and only print file name (no path)

comm -12 --nocheck-order <(grep -o . <<<"${executables[0]}") <(grep -o . <<<"${executables[1]}") - find the word/characters that exist in both executable names

grep -o . <<<"${executables[0]}" - split string into 1 character per line (done for both executables)

| awk '{printf $0}') - each character is printed on a new line, this is used to collapse it into a word

variable="${executable/${word}/coin}" - replace (once) the common word with coin (will be used to set the variables later)

variable="${variable//[^a-z]/}" - remove all characters that isn't anything of a through z (in this case, remove - from the variable name

declare "${variable}=${executable}" - dynamically declare variable and set it's value.


Failed to get properties: Failed to activate service 'org.freedesktop.systemd1'

I have a similar problem. For some reason systemd1 seems to crash 1-2 times a week and go into "activatable" state.
Output from busctl --list | grep systemd1 is:
org.freedesktop.systemd1                                    - -               -                (activatable) -                         -

Output from dpkg -l | grep systemd-shim is empty.
Output put from dpkg -S org.freedesktop.systemd1:
systemd: /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service
systemd: /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.freedesktop.systemd1.policy
systemd: /usr/share/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.systemd1.conf
systemd: /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service

I have been able to restart it with sudo kill 1 which doesn't feel really good ...


Xubuntu start up screen...but I'm running normal Ubuntu

I did the same XFCE experiment and was also annoyed that the Xubuntu startup logo showed up even after I (supposedly) completely uninstalled XFCE.

Pavan's answer hints at the solution that I eventually discovered. Note that my solution was done in Ubuntu 12.04 (probably works for other versions, but YMMV):

These files control are where Ubuntu gets it's start up sequence resources:

/lib/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth
/lib/plymouth/themes/text.plymouth

However, they are actually symlinks to two more symlinks which point to the actual source files:

/etc/alternatives/default.plymouth
/etc/alternatives/text.plymouth

So the solution is to delete the /etc/alternatives/ links and point them at the original ubuntu resources. Open a terminal and execute these commands:

> cd /etc/alternatives
Check out where these alternatives links are pointing to:
> ls -la *.plymouth

Remove these intermediate links (in /etc/alternatives):
> sudo rm default.plymouth
> sudo rm text.plymouth

Create new links to the original Ubuntu resources:
> sudo ln -s /lib/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo.plymouth default.plymouth
> sudo ln -s /lib/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-text/ubuntu-text.plymouth text.plymouth

You should also remove the Xubuntu resources for good housekeeping:

> sudo rm -rf /lib/plymouth/themes/xubuntu-logo
> sudo rm -rf /lib/plymouth/themes/xubuntu-text

After doing all that, try rebooting and you should see your familiar old Ubuntu start up logo.


Is the alteration in appearance of indicators in the menu-bar when Dash or HUD is being used an intended feature?

The behavior is intended. "We’ve also integrated the panel and the dash, so indicators are rendered in a more holographic fashion inside the dash. Together with efforts to mute the contrast of Launcher icons the result is a more striking dash altogether: content is presented more dramatically." Source


Install xdotool
sudo apt install xdotool

Then assign the following command to a global shortcut
xdotool key minus greater

You can also change the delay between the two characters (default is 12ms)
xdotool key --delay=5 minus greater


You could try pressing the Super key (Windows Key):

You can also try reinstalling Unity. Ctrl+Alt+T and then

sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity


Where is the equivalent of /etc/sysconfig/networking/devices/ directory in Ubuntu?

This is an area where the Debian and Red Hat families really differ. Network interfaces in Debian/Ubuntu are not defined by files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts (as you have noticed, there isn't even a /etc/sysconfig directory), but by /etc/network/interfaces. To learn more, check out the manpage online or run man interfaces on your Debian/Ubuntu system.


Move a group of files, prompting the user for confirmation for every file

Here is a small script (mv-confirm.sh):

#!/bin/bash

# Just make sure there are at least one source and one destination
if [ "$#" -lt 2 ]; then
    echo "Illegal number of parameters"
fi

DESTINATION=${*:$#}             # last argument
SOURCES=( ${@:1:$#-1} )         # all but last arguments

for i in "${SOURCES[@]}"
do
    read -p "move '$i' to '$DESTINATION' ? [y/n] " -n 1 -r
    echo
    if [[ $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]
    then
        echo mv "$i" "$DESTINATION"
    fi
done

Sample use :

./mv-confirm.sh ** somewhere
move 'a' to 'somewhere' ? [y/n] n
move 'b' to 'somewhere' ? [y/n] y
mv b d
...

don't forget to make the script executable (chmod +x mv-confirm.sh).

NB

Since I don't want to mess with your files, I added echo before the actual mv
command. Feel free to remove it for actually moving the files.


Lenovo S12 fails to hibernate, won't turn off and won't restore session, what to do?

Press and hold the power button for a count of roughly 10. That should actually power the device off instead of hibernating again. Then you need to do some troubleshooting with Hibernate.


The link you provided does not mention "past definition", probably because this does not matter. source operates in the current shell and can affect variables in the current shell. bash invokes a new shell and that shell cannot affect the environment of its parent. Also, the .sh extension is completely optional and is specifically not used in shell initialization files.


Is there a way to have only controllers in Totem?

It is not possible now. You can disable visualization(Preference>Display) but it will shows a static totem icon, but video window will not disappear.

with Visualization:

without Visualization:


Same EFI System Partition for Dual Boot Windows&Ubuntu in Different Drives

There is no significant problem with one ESP for two operating systems across two drives. It’s probably the way most people set it up. An issue with one OS will almost certainly not impact the other unless the issue is to do with the ESP itself.
If you were to remove the drive with the ESP for some reason and tried to boot the other drive it will not work. There would be some benefit in having an ESP on both drives in the case of a disk failure one of the disks.
I have a system with an ESP on each drive and I simply copied the contents of one to the other and it worked fine (although this was systemd-boot not grub). You would have to make space for a small extra partition on the 500GB SSD to do this and probably reinstall grub to the new partition. That is one way to back it up although depending on how you backup your system as a whole you should have a backup there.


Lubuntu 16.04 LTS fresh install fsck freeze

Same for me after I tried to upgrade Lubuntu to 16.04 LTS on a eee-PC 701 equipped with a 32 GB SD card.

I erased the internal SSD with DBAN (about 16 min) then I installed Lubuntu, but it didn't boot, resulting in the same freeze as you.
I tried to install Mint LMDE 2 after another SSD erase: no boot.
Every times I accepted GRUB installation and I used Gparted to define partitions on SSD and SD card. Then I found this: "Align to MiB or to Cylinder" and I changed the settings in Gparted to "Align to cylinder".

After a third SSD erase, I installed antiX (small Debian fork distro) and all is fine now.

Hope this help
P


I'm having the same issue with the same hardware: Color Problems on New Install of 14.04

A band-aid is to boot with kernel-mode-setting disabled (add nomodeset after GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= in /etc/default/grub). I'm pretty sure this disables hardware accelerated graphics, but if you're not doing graphics intensive work it at least fixes the colors.


Audio pitch drop with external interface

I had the same issue with my Mixer/USB audio interface (Allen & Heath ZEDi 10FX).
Some searching led me to this thread and then this thread, both on the Chromium buglist.
This led me to add the following line the PulseAudio daemon config file /etc/pulse/daemon.conf:
default-sample-rate = 48000

Then kill the server with:
killall pulseaudio

Alternatively you can use:
pulseaudio --kill

This has, so far, solved the issue for me.


I wouldn't entirely trust that number that systemd-analyze blame is providing to you.  The daemon is likely idle (see https://github.com/hughsie/fwupd/issues/442)

It's potentially caused by specifically the thunderbolt and thunderbolt-power plugins which the kernel and systemd interaction.

You can confirm this by adjusting the fwupd plugin blacklist to blacklist the thunderbolt power plugin in /etc/fwupd/daemon.conf (and potentially thunderbolt)

BlacklistPlugins=test;thunderbolt_power


I installed Ubuntu Touch on a Nexus 7 2012 as a boot option from MultiROM manager using the instructions on Ubuntu Touch preview here:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2093797&page=11
It installs an old preview based on Ubuntu 13.04 and is no longer supported. If anyone sees a newer version of Ubuntu Touch which will run on the Nexus 7 2012, please let me know.


rabbit vcs context menu not showing in ubuntu 16.04

To solve it, I uninstalled the RabbitCVS

sudo apt-get remove rabbitvcs*

installed again

sudo apt-get install rabbitvcs*

and changed assigned permission to config file

sudo chown YOURUSERNAME .config/rabbitvcs -R

(please change YOURUSERNAME with your user name :D ).

This worked for me.

Originally posted here


Console access has changed in 18.04
You converted from 16.04 to 18.04 and cannot log into TTY. See this: How do I switch between console mode and GUI in 17.10 and newer?

In 16.04 you could press Ctrl+Alt+F1 for console (as you call tty) and Ctrl+Alt+F7 for GUI.
In 18.04 pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1 brings up the GUI and Ctrl+Alt+F3 to Ctrl+Alt+F7 brings up the console (tty).

Four new Desktop environments were added in 18.04
When upgrading 16.04 to 18.04 you can get five different sign in options for different desktop environments:

Key in your password but do not press Enter.
Click the gear icon next to the Sign In button.
The drop down menu pictured above will now appear.
When upgrading from 16.04 to 18.04 you'll want to select the highlighted option Unity
The drop down menu will close and now you can press Enter for the password to be accepted.

Invalid password login loop in 18.04
There was a bug where if you entered the password incorrectly the first time, you could not successfully enter it until rebooting:

May 06, 2018 - Can't login on 18.04 after entering wrong password
April 19, 2018 - (regression) Ubuntu 18.04 login screen rejects a valid password on first attempt (if starting with Shift key). Usually works on the second attempt
July 25, 2018 - Ubuntu 18.04 on login loop, even with correct password


You need to start lower than keycodes. You need to find the scancodes for these keys, and associate keycodes to them. The subsystem that deals with these is udev, and the relevant files are found in /lib/udev/.

Step 1

Check in /var/log/dmesg if the keys F10, F11 and F12 produce any output when you press them. To do so, start the Log File Viewer (gnome-system-log), and notice for any additions to dmesg when you press those keys.

If they produce output, then there are no associated keycodes to the scancodes that the keys emit, therefore the problem you are facing is much low level. You need to assign keycodes to these scancodes. Use setkeycodes to assign the correct scancode.
If they produce no output, then something is wrong in the X Org configuration and possibly with udev. See next step.

Step 2

Run

/lib/udev/findkeyboards

to find the correct device for your keyboard. Sample output is

USB keyboard: input/event6
AT keyboard: input/event5

In this case, our keyboard is input/event5.

Then, run

sudo /lib/udev/keymap -i input/event5

and press the problematic keys. You can exit this program by pressing Esc.

Sample (correct) output for me is

scan code: 0x44   key code: f10
scan code: 0x57   key code: f11
scan code: 0x58   key code: f12

Step 3

If you notice that the keys work in a new user account, then what went wrong are configuration settings in your current account. There are a few ways where you can re-assign keys. For example, check to see whether you accidentally created new shortcuts for F10, F11 and F12 at

  System » Preferences » Keyboard
  Shortcuts

.


I cannot open Ubuntu Software Center on 17.04 in the normal way or using the command line

The old Ubuntu Software Center software-center is not included in 17.04. The creators intended for you to use gnome-software instead.


How to share with a remote Windows user?

When you share a folder, he will get an email telling him the correct URL.


Ubuntu 17.10: where can I find libgstinterfaces-0.10.so.0 or something compatible?

identify which package it lives in issue

apt-file search libgstinterfaces

so you will see you can install one of these

libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgstinterfaces-0.10.so.0
libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgstinterfaces-0.10.so.0.25.0
libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgstinterfaces-0.10.so

I would install the xxxx-dev since header files come with packages ending with -dev

If above search is empty goto  ... Settings -> Software & Updates -> Ubuntu Software -> and checkmark ON that list of software sources ... then do the normal

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

then try the search again


How move the biggest file in each subdirectory to current directory?

It is failing because you are searching in the current directory and not the target. Change your find to:

find "$d" -type f -exec ls -al {} \; | sort -nr -k5 | head -n 1

However, a safer way would be:

#!/bin/bash
for d in */ ; do
    file=$(find "$d" -type f -printf "%s\t%f\n" | sort -n | tail -n 1 | cut -f 2- )
    echo "$file"
    mv "$d${file}" .
done

While this will still break if your file names contain newlines, at least it will work with file names containing spaces.

If your files can also contain newlines, you can try this instead:

#!/bin/bash
for d in */ ; do
    max=0
    file=""
    for f in "$d"/*
    do
        ## If this is a file and its size is greater than the max so far,
        ## save it as "$file" and uts size as "$max".
        [[ -f "$f" ]] && [[ $(stat -c "%s" "$f") -gt $max ]] && max="$size" && file="$f"
    done
    ## move the largest file. Use "mv -i" to be prompted before overwriting.
    mv "$file" .
done


HP LaserJet 1018 doesn't work under ubuntu 15.04

I had the same problem. Go on terminal and type sudo hp-setup. It will add the printer to your system and ask for necessary plugin to be installed and prepared to use.


This is what I think you should do:

1- Remove your php packages and install php7.2. You can proceed as follows:

sudo apt-get purge php5.*
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install php7.2 php7.2-common php7.2-cli php7.2-fpm

2- Optionally, you can also do: (Just after sudo apt-get purge php5.*), to be sure you install php7 freshly.

sudo apt-get purge php7.*

3- You can then check the version of your php to be sure. It is done just as you did:

php -v

4- Remember to leave feedback or accept the answer if it has been of help!


is there a way to ignore checksum error?

If the checksum is not right, your file is corrupted or someone tampered with it. Just download it again. There may be some workaround for this but this would mean that you would either install a broken software or a malware.


curl only downloads the file given to it as @user535733 pointed out in the comments. Not knowing what exactly you try to the proper way might be:
curl -O https://deb.packages.mattermost.com/repo-setup.sh
chmod +x repo-setup.sh
sudo repo-setup.sh

You could even do as described in the Mattermost documentation:
curl -o- https://deb.packages.mattermost.com/repo-setup.sh | sudo bash


CUPS, can't add printer, (unable to locate printer) (web interface)

I ran into the very same issue and using tcpdump and avahi-browse, I found the problem and came up with a simple fix.
The issue seems to be a bug with mdns lookups.  For some reason when it looks for the printer, the hostname in the URL returnd by the mdns lookup and then passed to cups via port 631 has .local appended to it.  I added an alias in the hosts files for <server_name>.local where <server_name> is the host with the attached printer and it all works fine now.  This needs to be added to all of the hosts using the network printer.
This may just be an issue when the hostname returned by the cups server is not qualified with a domain name and makes one up called 'local', which I'll bet is the default domain name used by Apple products.


xubuntu: stop gnome-keyring-daemon from impersonating ssh-agent

It turns out that if gnome compatibility is turned on in xfce, xfce4-session will unconditionally start gnome-keyring-daemon. This is hardcoded, there is at the moment no way to configure this. Disabling the gnome compatibility mode results in keyring not starting on login and you will need to provide your password again if you start it.

The simplest solution seems to be to intercept the call to gnome-keyring-daemon, and insert a script that will insert the --components flag into the arguments to prevent gnome keyring from replacing ssh-add.

Run the following to move gnome-keyring-daemon:

sudo mv /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon-wrapped

create a new gnome-keyring-daemon with

sudo nano /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon

and insert the following content:

#!/bin/sh
exec /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon-wrapped --components=pkcs11,secrets,gpg "$@"

Make the new gnome-keyring-daemon executable with sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon.

Now gnome keyring will no longer try to replace ssh-add.

Note that upgrading your system will reinstate the default gnome-keyring-daemon, so you will probably need to execute the above steps again after upgrading.

edit:

In xubuntu 14.10 startup works slightly different in that g-k-d is also started from the session upstart. It is possible to override the upstart configuration so it won't start the ssh component, but even so g-k-d will start its ssh component when xfce4-session also tries to start it. So if you want to have xfce also automatically start gnome services you will still need the above hack. An alternative is to disable gnome services (Setings -> Session and Startup -> advanced -> Launch GNOME services on startup), configure upstart to start g-k-d with the --components=pkcs11,secrets,gpg flag, and optionally also configure the gnome services you do want to start manually.

(Apart from the two places that launch g-k-d mentioned above, the g-k-daemon is also started before that from lightdm/PAM in order to receive the user's login password. But that launch does not fully configure g-k-d and it still expects to be fully configured by a second attempt to start it, so that start attempt is not relevant to the current problem.)


How good are the open-source Nvidia drivers (Nouveau)?

No, it's not on par with the binary drivers from Nvidia, which shouldn't be surprising as it initially was a replacement for the old -nv driver.

See this Phoronix article for some numbers.


Whoy doesn't openssh-server work in ubuntu14.04

Try to do a apt-get purge openssh-server. Reboot and then try to reinstall. For the install do an update first then the install.


The PostgreSQL Global Development Group (PGDG) maintains an APT repository of PostgreSQL packages for Debian and Ubuntu.

To install in 14.04:

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt trusty-pgdg main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list'
wget --quiet -O - http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.4-postgis-2.1 pgadmin3 postgresql-contrib


Middle Button on ThinkPad Not Working with 10.10 update

You might want to check ThinkWiki's page for instructions on how to configure TrackPoint scrolling.


Force Firefox to use xdg-open to open downloaded files

I am not sure this is exactly what is asked. I will be posting on
how to make Firefox downloads list open a file in a desired application.
Some newly installed applications take over the "default" status in Firefox's about:preferences instead of the per-filetype normal application set at system level (e.g. Palemoon takes over as default instead of gwenview for JPEG files, Inkscape or File Roller takes over instead of Okular for a PDF file.).
"Always ask" is the choice that should be used in this case and then trying to create a per-user file ~/.local/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache with the lines:
[MIME Cache]
application/pdf=okularApplication_pdf.desktop

The disadvantage of the above is that it is a per-file-type setting. To have a solution for all files (as said in this answer), run:
cd .local/share/applications/
ln -s mimeapps.list defaults.list

In case this stops working: see that the undesired application is not again selected under about:preferences: be sure "Always ask" is selected there. Setting manually a different program (even the default for your file-type at system level, but which is not marked as "default" in the list for your file under about:preferences) might not work.

Tested in Firefox 60.0 in Kubuntu 18.04.


chromium-browser: ERROR: not connected to the gnome-3-28-1804 content interface

OK I found this solution on the snapcraft.io forum
snap connect chromium:gnome-3-28-1804 gnome-3-28-1804:gnome-3-28-1804

doesn't output anything but after I ran it, chromium ran again happily.
I'd love to know why it got broken tho!


How to dynamically enable and disable ipv6 on an interface

To disable IPv6

$ su -
# nano /etc/sysctl.conf

and add these lines to sysctl.conf file

#disable ipv6
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.eth0.disable_ipv6 = 1

Save sysctl.conf file with new config and run the following command to enable the new settings:

# sysctl -p

Check your system again

$ cat /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/disable_ipv6

Now you should see “1″ means IPv6 has been disabled on your system.

From http://namhuy.net/1419/disable-ipv6-ubuntu-linux-mint.html


linksys ae2500 n600 dual-band wireless-n usb adapter for Ubuntu 14 - 64 bit doesn't work at all

the drivers that provides from linksys doesn't work with ndiswrapper. But I got a special driver from the chipset bcmwlhigh5 from the buried wikidevi. It have both 32bit & 64bit. But beware, wireless networks protected by password doesn't connect (unless you're lucky). Anyway it can connect to unprotected wifi networks.

bcmwlhigh5.inf


theme color issues after upgrading to 12.10

Try this.

Go into Unity dash home, search for "Appearance", change theme to something different and then change back to what you were using.

Mine didn't have anything selected but now has "Ambiance (default)". Seems to have fixed the problem for me.


Dash not opening if there are no windows open

ok got a fix. Some people had this issue after (un)installing gnome. activating desktop-icons in the gnome-tweak-tool did the trick.


Why can I not connect with wvdial? (Reliance Netconnect + issue with Kubuntu)

Finally got the solution, I think this should be share with everuone hence posting....

I found a command : kdesudo wvdial while hunting on Google. Below is the Terminal output.

mahesh@Mahesh-System-Kubuntu:~$ kdesudo wvdial
--> WvDial: Internet dialer version 1.61
--> Initializing modem.
--> Sending: ATZ
OK
--> Sending: ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
OK
--> Modem initialized.
--> Sending: ATDT#777
--> Waiting for carrier.
ATDT#777
CONNECT
--> Carrier detected.  Starting PPP immediately.
--> Starting pppd at Wed Feb  6 21:50:55 2013
--> Pid of pppd: 5481
--> Using interface ppp0
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> local  IP address 115.241.164.245
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> remote IP address 220.224.141.129
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> primary   DNS address 220.226.100.40
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> secondary DNS address 220.226.6.104
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> Connect time 0.0 minutes.
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> local  IP address 115.241.164.245
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> remote IP address 220.224.141.129
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> primary   DNS address 220.226.100.40
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]
--> secondary DNS address 220.226.6.104
--> pppd: À[1b]@[08][18]@[08]

Thank you all for your kind support!


where i can find the wacom configuration file in ubuntu 12.04?

You can follow this guide here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wacom as it details the setup of the pressure curve as follows:

gksudo gedit /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-wacom.conf

Edit it so it looks like the following with your new Pressure settings:

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "Wacom class"
    MatchProduct "Wacom|WACOM"
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
    Driver "wacom"
    Option        "PressCurve"    "50,0,100,50"
    Option        "Threshold"     "60"
EndSection

Save and unplug and re-plug your device.


libreadline - unmet dependecies/broken package

The package libreadline6-dev does not exist in Ubuntu 16.10 (Yakkety) since the default version of readline is now 7. (More precisely, it still exists as a virtual package, but for our purposes here it might as well not exist at all.)

However, on your system you still have some Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) sources enabled, and since libreadline6-dev does exist in Xenial, your system tries to install it from there. And this fails, because even though Yakkety does not have libreadline6-dev, it does have libreadline6, but the Yakkety version of libreadline6 cannot be installed together with the Xenial version of libreadline6-dev.

How to proceed from there depends on what you want to do, which you have not mentioned. However, unless you really need readline 6, you can just install libreadline-dev (which will install readline 7). You very probably also want to remove those Xenial sources from your sources.list, since they interfere with your package management in ways you probably don't want.


Grub is operating as designed. This article describes it in detail:

  When a menu item requiring a password is selected, the user will be
  prompted to enter the correct username and password. If entered
  correctly, the selected menuentry will continue to boot. If incorrect,
  the user will be returned to the GRUB 2 menu.


nvidiafb looks to me like full-fledged hardware driver, so I do not believe you can run nvidiafb and nouveau at the same time.

nouveau provides it's own frame buffer.  For a more detailed discussion see this post at linuxquestions.org.

nouveau is a very capable driver(for 2d at least).  But the nvidiafb driver is very old, and may not support new cards well.  By the description in your post it appears you have the nvidiafb module loaded.

Since you used to run the Nvidia driver you might still have the nouveau driver blacklisted.  Edit your /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf file and erase the nouveau entry if it exists.

Remember you can run lsmod at any time to print out a list of your loaded kernel modules.

Good luck,

-Dave


I can't find programs I've installed through Ubuntu Software Centre

Its in the PPA description. Which was the first link in the steps you were following. https://launchpad.net/~diwic/+archive/hda

"PPA description

This ppa contains utilities related to HDA Intel sound cards.

Note: as of Ubuntu 13.10, hda-jack-retask is part of alsa-tools. Just install the alsa-tools-gui package from the regular archive and start "hdajackretask". (Note: if you get this error: "Failed to create file '/home//.pulse/client.conf'", try symlinking .pulse to .config/pulse - and remove the symlink again when you have closed hda-jack-retask.)"


Ubuntu doesn't automatically mount USB flash drive

The USB flash drive shows in GParted (as some other users suggested I check in the comments).

To fix the issue, I loaded the drive using the selector on the upper-right (of GParted), right-clicked the partition (which was FAT32), selected "Format to", "FAT32" and then followed the prompts, which appears to have fixed the issue (it now appears in Nautilus and on the Launcher, just like any other USB flash drive)...

I'm not sure what the problem was, but it appears to have been fixed.


How do I find technical packages in 16.04 besides command line?

You can still install software-center (Ubuntu Software Center) which is not discontinued yet, in fact it got an update in 16.04 release. You can also use synaptic(Synaptic Package Manger) for more advanced options. I use both depending on what i want to do, I removed gnome-software immediately after the update :P


Can I use HDMI with the Intel card of my optimus laptop?

Although everybody says it ain't working it is! I've googled and came across this topic and this video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z1zkKan91i8

This is the same laptop as I have and it is working. Just connect the HMDI and open your screen settings. I have an Asus N53SV which has a GT540M in it and I am running on 11.10 with GNOME 3 (which is gnome-shell if I think) and Bumblebee working. So I'm guessing if you get Bumblebee up and running it should work.

Although the HDMI works with my TV, Sony Bravia 40" (Ubuntu says 72" (I WISH!)) it does not work with an older Philips 221T. Strange enough but HMDI does work with the Philips Brilliance 220CW, which is connect with a converter from HDMI to DVI.


Look at the /var/log/apt/history.log.
This file contains information of when, what was updated and how long it took. The field 'Commandline' can also tell whether the update was run automatically or by hand.

To find out the time of last update check have a look at these files:

/var/lib/apt/periodic/update-stamp #the time of a daily update check
/var/lib/apt/periodic/update-success-stamp #the time of last update-check. For example if you have run apt-get update manually some time later


This is not a program but it is a simple trick I use quite often.  Firefox and Thunderbird will underline misspelled words with a red line.  Move the cursor under the misspelled word and press the menu key on your keyboard.  This will bring up a context menu and suggested spellings will be listed at the top of this menu.  Use the arrow keys to select the correct spelling of the word.

Pressing enter with the correct spelling highlighted will replace the misspelled word with the highlighted word.  This will also work in any program that has spell checking capabilities (LibreOffice, most web browsers)

It's not a program but there is no need for a mouse.


MySQL 5.6 installation issue in Ubuntu 14.04

The dpkg error says
mysql-server-core-5.6_5.6.35-1+deb.sury.org~trusty+0.1_amd64.deb is trying to overwrite '/usr/bin/innochecksum' which is already installed by mysql-client-5.6 5.6.33-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 package.

You need to remove mysql-client-5.6 and other depending packages first by using:

sudo apt-get autoremove and then install mysql-server or phpmysqladmin.


Ubuntu File system / Partition / Dual boot

How many partitions you may have per disk does not depend on Ubuntu, but the partition table type you use on that disk.

There are two types, msdos is the old one, sometimes also called MBR (master boot record). It only allows disk sizes up to 2TB and only 4 primary partitions. The other, new type is GPT ("GUID Partition Table"), which allows up to about 9ZB (9×10²¹ Bytes, unimaginably huge) for the disk size and allows 128 primary partitions.

You obviously have a msdos-partitioned disk, so you may only create 4 primary partitions on it.

But you could delete one of your 4 primary partitions and create an extended partition instead. This is not a partition you can format and use to store data directly, but it is like a container for logical volumes/partitions. You can create an infinite amount of logical volumes that behave like partitions to the OS inside this extended partition.

On a normal Ubuntu installation, you only need / (file system root, format as ext4), but it is very highly recommended to also create a swap partition (format as linux-swap) too. It should have about 1-2 times your RAM size, but that is a discussion itself...

If you want, it can also be useful to use a separate /home partition (format as ext4). It will hold all your user data and settings. Otherwise, it is included in /, but having it in a separate partition might make creating backups or reinstalling Ubuntu without losing your data and settings easier.

As you dual-boot with Windows, you might also want to create a small (few GBs!) transfer partition to be able to copy data from one OS to the other. Use FAT32 as file system for this, because if you chose NTFS, you might get permission problems. This might be needed because Windows can't access the ext4 partitions Ubuntu uses and needs. However, you may access Windows' NTFS partitions from inside Ubuntu anyway.


Grub menu at boot time... "holding shift" not working

I also cannot access the GRUB menu by any manner of pressing shift or esc on my Asus X205TA. To get the GRUB menu to display at boot, I had to modify the /etc/default/grub file. See this page.

To get the GRUB menu to display every time (until I change it back) I used nano to edit the file in the terminal. Type:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

find the line that says GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 or GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
put # at the start of this line to comment it out

#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0

or

#GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden

and make sure GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 or some other number bigger than zero. When done exit nano saving changes and run

sudo update-grub


how I can fix "AppStream cache update completed, but some metadata was ignored due to errors."?"

The bug has been fixed in appstream package version 0.10.1, but the version that gets installed in Ubuntu 16.04 is 0.9.4 by default. Ubuntu 16.10 automatically receives the update as it's provided in its standard repositories.

The updated package version with the bugfix for Ubuntu 16.04 however is only provided through the xenial-backports repository, which has a lower priority than the others. This means it won't upgrade to this version unless you manually specify it.

To enable the xenial-backports repository in first place, follow How do I enable the "backports" repository? (but only enable the repository, you don't need to modify the repo priority).

After that, upgrade to the version from xenial-backports by typing:

sudo apt install appstream/xenial-backports

Now your appstream package should be upgraded to version 0.10.1.

$ appstreamcli --version
AppStream CLI tool version: 0.10.1

Now force refreshing the cache data, you should no longer see any warning:

$ sudo appstreamcli refresh --force
AppStream cache update completed successfully.


What is the most efficient way for creating hundreds of containers for single apps; LXC or Docker?

What is the most efficient way for creating hundreds of containers for single apps; Docker?

docker-compose --compatibility up

and then use "replica"

version: '3'
services:
  worker:
    image: dockersamples/your_worker
    networks:
      - frontend
      - backend
    deploy:
      mode: replicated
      replicas: 1000

  What is the most efficient way for creating hundreds of containers for single apps; LXC

I do not know of a similar method for LXC. lxc-copy does 1 so you would need a bash script to do 999 clones.

  I wonder if LXC containers or Docker containers would use less resources as empty container, without considering the resource usage of the applications I'll run?

Yes. But I doubt it will be a big difference.

  I want to push the limits of my server to create as many containers as possible so I'm looking for the most resource-efficient way for this.

Docker max in theory is 1023 on 1 host (but at 1000 I got a performance hit :-X) but if you need more there is a way using macvlan ("... to assign a MAC address to each container’s virtual network interface, making it appear to be a physical network interface directly connected to the physical network.")

-> I made 1000 (just for fun) and used roughly 257Mb. It took 10 minutes to start them and 9 minutes to stop them all.


Automation Extracting Many Passworded Archive

Yes there is.

You can write a shell script to do that.

PASSWORD="YOUR PASSWORD"

for archive in *.7z
do
  echo "Extracting $archive"
  7z e -p{$PASSWORD} $archive
done

This will simply extract every .7z archive in the current directory using your password.


-half resolved- Bamboo Pad not working in Ubuntu 15.04

Ok, I got halfway there. Thank you all for your responsiveness.

using the usbhid.quirks trick did not change anything. This trick used to work in 14.10. It does not appear to work in 15.04
updating kernel to 4 made my pad work. I used the following method to upgrade

Now only the stylus input work. The finger input does not, neither the bottom button. Adding the MatchIsTablet "on" did not solve this.

edit: when I run dmesg | grep -i wacom

here is what I get

 [    1.457401] usb 1-2: Manufacturer: Wacom Co.,Ltd.
    [    2.813078] input: Wacom HID Pen as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/0003:056A:0318.0006/input/input13
    [    2.813174] wacom 0003:056A:0318.0006: hidraw1: USB HID v1.10 Device [Wacom Co.,Ltd. Bamboo Pad, USB] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input0
    [    2.813304] input: Wacom HID Pen as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.1/0003:056A:0318.0007/input/input15
    [    2.813393] wacom 0003:056A:0318.0007: hidraw2: USB HID v1.10 Device [Wacom Co.,Ltd. Bamboo Pad, USB] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input1
    [    2.813545] input: Wacom HID Pen as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.2/0003:056A:0318.0008/input/input17
    [    2.813602] wacom 0003:056A:0318.0008: hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Mouse [Wacom Co.,Ltd. Bamboo Pad, USB] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input2

So a mouse is detected, additionally to two pens. How do I configure it to work?


Error: failed to open \EFI\BOOT\grubx64.efi-not found

The other question you refer to has a different disk, so I'll ignore it for this answer.

You a gpt partitioned disk with no MBR (so no legacy boot, good), with 10 partitions, two of which (sda1 and sda3, bad) appear to be (incomplete) EFI partitions. I looks like sda3 is the most complete, and is the one used, so you may treat sda1 as a backup.

To fix sda3, copy /EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi to /EFI/Boot/grubx64.efi.
When fstab is fixed (see below), sda3 will be mounted at /boot/efi.
You may also mount sda3 anywhere like /mnt on the live media if you like.  Once mounted (below assumes /boot/efi), copy the files with the cp command.

cp /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi  /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/grubx64.efi

cp   Then check that the size of /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi is the same as /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/shimx64.efi -- if different, copy
/boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/shimx64.efi to /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi  (note the name change).  That probably fixes the error message about missing /EFI/Boot/grubx64.efi.  The /EFI/Boot files are a
fallback bootloader, and this setup will boot with either secure boot enabled or disabled.

Fix the /etc/fstab file -- uncomment (remove the #) on the mount at /boot/efi of the EFI partition.

#UUID=12E6-1CD7  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1

should be

UUID=12E6-1CD7  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1

Windows seems to have been hibernated instead of shutdown. Also the filessystem is marked "dirty" (from your other question), so go into the Windows power options and make sure the "shutdown" is not set to "hibernate".  You should be able to boot Windows directly from
the EFI menu (some function key at power-up to select boot device/OS) -- just choose Windows.  Run chkdsk on sda5 (probably Windows C:, check the size, or just chkdsk all the Windows "disks").

With Windows disks cleaned up and Windows shutdown properly, run

 sudo update-grub

from Ubuntu, and that should update the grub menu to include Windows.  Some machines may not  boot Windows from Grub with secure boot enabled, so if you don't want to use the EFI menu to boot Windows, disable secure boot.

See oldfred's links for Sony tweaks.

At some point, you might backup the sda3 to sda1.  It's good to have a copy of the EFI boot files in case something happens to the working set.

At some later date, you might clean up the old kernels in /boot by purging their packages.


Locked out of admin account; but the password is right in shell; password changed too!

Go back to recovery mode, and choose to drop to root shell.
# cat /etc/passwd

you should see a return like this:

root@TOSHIBA:~# cat /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

if you get that x after root, then shadow file contains the root password.
do:
# nano /etc/shadow

scroll to your user account, and remove everything between the first set of ":"
change this:

denis:$6$9eL.6v0I$Ze6X0970H/DC5vlH/9tOMWtSoHpqHXzbUX1v7Z.Nozf/p5SriiRU12WPzBsGJ4SsxRhl.6uSHdcbtAAnWCTyb0:15680:0:99999:7:::

to this:

denis::15680:0:99999:7:::

Hit CTRL + O to save
and
Hit CTRL + X to exit
Reboot.


I need Ubuntu in dual boot with windows 8

I had same problem...I use HP so I had recovery partition ,I booted into windows recovery(F11 in my case). Then went to Repair your computer...this should fix my problem But it couldn't find anything.So here is my solution:
THIS WILL NOT HARM YOUR FILES.YOU WILL GET YOUR OLD WINDOWS BACK.
go to troubleshoot in recovery menu.
Click Advanced options in Troubleshoot screen.
Click on command Prompt.
Type these following commands and hit enter after each line of command:

Bootrec /fixmbr
Bootrec /fixboot
Bootrec /scanos
Bootrec /rebuildbcd

It showed my C drive as windows and asked to add it as boot option .I said Y for yes and it Booted into windows 8.1 successfully.


Try:

#!/bin/bash
tod=$(date +%F_%H%M%S)
echo "Start"
echo $tod

echo "testing tar, only the last 6 months"
tar --newer-mtime=20130811 -cvzf /homedepot/yellowsolo/xz/6months/xz$tod-last6months.tar /homedepot/yellowsolo/xz/official/official /homedepot/yellowsolo/xz/home/home

echo "Done"
exit

I have cleaned up the errors in the tar command - you need to have f option before the filename, and filtered it through gzip (the z option).


How to prevent an application from creating folder in my home directory?

Applications in linux store their user specific configuration in your Home folder. Applications that behave decently indeed do that in a dedicated hidden folder, i.e., a folder of which the name starts with a dot, so you normally do not see it.

You cannot as such change the location of such program folder unless the application exposes a setting through its options or through a configuration file.

One example of a very bad choice for a program folder which you cannot change is the "snap" folder, created by the Snap framework in recent Ubuntu versions. This folder stares right in front at you in your Home folder. As a user, you have to search nothing there, and with a name starting with a lowercase, the folder even stylistically is totally out of place. As a user, you do not have control on that folder.

So the same workaround suggested in the thread I mentionned can be used to hide a file on a location you find inconvenient: create a text file with the name .hidden in the folder where the unwanted file/folder is, and include its name on a line.


Is there any GUI application for command rsync?

Yes, there is available Grsync GUI App as front end of rsync tool.

  Grsync is a rsync GUI (Graphical User Interface)

It is available on Universe repository for Ubuntu 14.04 and can be installed by following
command:

To Enable Ubuntu repository run command (or make sure that enabled from Software & Updates):

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main universe"

Install Grsync By following command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grsync

Here is Screen-Shot of Grsync GUI Application with some steps shown below:

Source & Destination can be selected same as from rsync.

Also you can save different Session for future or often use.


How do I add a folder or all images in a folder to Compiz Wallpaper's background list?

I'm not aware of any way to do this inside of compiz/unity but try wallch. It works wonders with my several thousand wallpapers.

http://wall-changer.sourceforge.net/

it's also in the repos

sudo apt-get install wallch


Kubuntu 14.04 missing some network settings

I ran into this too because regular Ubuntu works differently than Kubuntu.

Kubuntu has the VPN settings in the "connection editor", which is not in the regular network settings. If you click on the current network connection (ie WiFi) in the area at the lower right corner of the desktop, then click the "wrench" icon at the top right of the popup, you will launch the connection editor, where you can add/edit VPN connections.


If you choose to use the whole disk, Ubuntu will use the ext4 filesystem everywhere, meaning anything in NTFS partitions is lost to all but professional recovery tools. Actually zeroing the disk isn't necessary, but if you want to do that, simply run:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda

Where /dev/sda is the ID of the disk (check using the lsblk command).


Write a shell script which will move all files in the current directory containing the word "hello" into a separate folder called "hello-world"

Let's break this down into smaller tasks. We need to

create a directory hello-world, if it doesn't exist
reliably identify files that contain the text hello
reliably move the files to the new directory.

Making a directory is done with mkdir. It will always refuse to create a directory that exists (thereby refusing to overwrite such directories) but it also has a flag -p which, as mentioned in man mkdir

-p, --parents
       no error if existing, make parent directories as needed

doesn't bother to tell you if the directory you are trying to create already exists.

So the first command of our script could be (check you are in the right directory first).

mkdir -p hello-world

The second step is identifying the files we want. The most obvious command to search for text in files is grep. If we wanted only the filenames of the files that contain hello, we can use the -l flag, which, according to man grep

-l, --files-with-matches
       Suppress  normal output; instead print the name of each input file
       from which output would normally have been printed.  The scanning
       will stop on the first match.

suppresses the normal output. But, although we can get away with it for your example, we really don't want the filenames as output, because the output of a command is just text, and filenames might contain all sorts of characters (from the humble space to the exotic newline) that will cause the shell to see something different from the actual name of the file you want to do something to, and behave in a way you didn't want. For example, having set up a test directory for your script, if I add a file that has a space in its name, see what happens:

$ echo hello > with\ space
$ ls
a  b  c  d  e  f  with space
$ for i in $(grep -l hello *); do echo "$i"; done
a
c
f
with
space

The file with space is treated as two separate files.

To identify files in order to have the shell do something with them, we should avoid parsing filenames. We could test each file, see whether it contains the text, and if it does, move it. To loop over files, as shown above, we can use for which has syntax like this:

for var in things; do stuff $var; done

Inside a for loop (and anywhere else too) we can use the test command, which sometimes looks like [ and is also like [[ to make conditional statements, and if you only wanted to check whether the file was empty or not, or was of a particular type, I would advise you to use the test command.

But you want to find some particular text, so we ought to call grep, but we only really want to know if looking for hello in the file succeeded, so we know that we then have to do something with the file.

To make a conditional statement based on the success of a command, we can use if. if is often used with test/[/[[, but you don't need those, because grep has another useful flag:

-q, --quiet, --silent
       Quiet; do not write anything to standard output. Exit immediately
       with zero status if any match is found, even if an error  was detected.

Zero in Bash means success. So to do what we want, we could write something like

if grep -q hello file; then mv file hello-world; fi

(the fi is part of the if command's syntax. It tells the shell you've finished your if)

I usually write shell scripts in an interactive shell and only scriptify them into a file later if at all, because I'm lazy and I mostly only write very trivial scripts. Anyway, you can write a short script as a one-line command by separating commands with ;. If something goes wrong, hit the up arrow key to edit the last command...

We don't want to run that command once for each file. That would defeat the object of writing a script to do the job and save us typing, so to loop over the files we can use for. To avoid getting an error from grep about the hello-world directory, we can add another flag to exclude it.

Here's my test command to do this job and the output I get from it in my test environment:

$ mkdir -p hello-world; for file in *; do if grep -q --exclude-dir=hello-world -- hello "$file"; then echo mv -v -- "$file" hello-world; fi; done
mv -v -- a hello-world
mv -v -- c hello-world
mv -v -- f hello-world
mv -v -- with space hello-world

This script doesn't move any files, because of echo before mv which shows what command will be run with each iteration of the loop. Remove echo after testing if the commands look right (note that you can't always reliably use echo for testing, and you might have to introduce some temporary quoting to do so, but it works fine here).

* is all non-hidden files in the current directory. It is safer to use ./* which means the same thing, but ensures all paths start with ./ (which is the address of the current working directory .), preventing filenames starting with - being interpreted as options. We have dealt with that possibility by adding -- to grep and to the mv command to indicate the end of options. -v is mv's verbose flag.

We should quote variables to suppress shell expansions. If I remove the quotes around "$file", my output is

mv -v -- a hello-world
mv -v -- c hello-world
mv -v -- f hello-world
grep: with: No such file or directory
grep: space: No such file or directory

Here's the script as a script:

#!/bin/bash

mkdir -p hello-world
for file in *; do
    if grep -q --exclude-dir=hello-world -- hello "$file"; then
        echo mv -v -- "$file" hello-world
    fi
done

Don't forget to remove echo when you're ready to move the files for real.

PS, there might well be more efficient ways to do this. My way is just an example.


E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)

Warning: This should not be the first thing you try. Read the answers on the linked duplicate question before proceeding.

You can delete the lock file with the following command:

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock

You may also need to delete the lock file in the cache directory

sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock


Sounds like your /etc/hostname file is 'immutable', by way of having the immutable filesystem attribute. You can check with lsattr, and should see something like this:

[jk@pecola ~]$ lsattr /etc/hostname
-------------e- /etc/hostname

if there's an i in there, your file is immutable. You can change this with:

sudo chattr -i /etc/hostname

Then you should be able to edit it.

For more information about filesystem attributes, and the attributes that are available, see the manpage for chattr:

man chattr

This article is also useful.


Blank screen at boot - errors from Upstart on 16.04

I had altered my /etc/environment file and had this issue. The problem was that the PATH variable no longer could see the upstart-udev-bridge command because it is in/sbin. Replacing the line: PATH=$PATH:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin at the top of that file fixed my issue.


Can i update from "ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso" file?

Upgrading by using the CD or USB image
If you are using 10.04 LTS or 11.10 and you either insert the live CD or boot from the live CD to start installing it will give a option of upgrading to 12.04. It will automatically detect installed applications and install the updated version of your applications also.
If you download an ISO, the recommendation is to perform a md5sum check to ensure both the ISO downloaded and the burned CD are valid.

Upgrade from 10.04 LTS (here shown with dual boot):

NOTE: Upgrades from 10.04 to 12.04 are not activated yet, see this question for more detail:

Why is "No new release found" when upgrading from a LTS to the next?

Upgrade from 11.10

Taken from 12.04LTS upgrade


You need to use the Bleeding Edge PPA:

ppa:synapse-core/testing

It contains Synapse for Ubuntu 14.04.


Document viewer (evince) couldn't open pdf when system upgraded from 16.04 to 18.04

Library path incorrect

Nine years ago on this bug report it was discovered:

  installed a version without using the packaging system and it's taking
  over the ubuntu build and breaking your installation

  " libpoppler-glib.so.4 => /usr/local/lib/libpoppler-glib.so.4
  (0xb78b0000)"

  clean that and it should be working correctly

The solution was to remove:

sudo rm -f /usr/local/lib/libpoppler-glib.so.4

Nine years later and you have a similar problem.  Checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH is pointing to a single dir rather than the full path list. There is an incorrect version of libpoppler-cpp.so and libpoppler-glib.so.8 there.

Moving libpopper* to another directory allowed evince to work with the proper dynamic linker searches in /lib and /usr/lib.


looks like you've got an old glib-2.0 and gio-unix-2.0 version installed.
try

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install glib-2.0 gio-unix-2.0

After that you should logout and in again and try to configure again.

If that fails search for a new version and build the libraries from source when you cant find a new .deb package.

good luck ;)

btw: it would be much easier to read when you set your terminal to solid before making the screenshor or yust copy the text and paste it here.


Mounting USB mass storage devices without root access

You can use udisksctl, and I think this tool uses the same back-end as the automount feature.

Example:

udisksctl mount --block-device /dev/sde5

See man udisksctl to learn more about this tool.

P.S: It is better to convert the extra question to a separate AskUbuntu question.


Need a PDF editor that will let me highlight text

Okular supports PDF annotations.
For more see here
Or
Using wine you can use Foxit reader as explained here. Foxit runs pretty well using wine in Ubuntu
UPDATE 2
Foxit has released a linux version. So no more wine required. Foxit has a good support for annotation.
UPDATE
You can also use qpdfview which provides highlighting and annotation support.


How can I verify my virtual machine is using CPU virtualization?

In VMware, that stat you're looking for is CPU READY which is defined as:

  the amount of time a VM is READY to RUN but must WAIT for a the right number of cores to become available.

Just because you tell a VM to use N cores doesn't mean it will actually get the opportunity to use them all. If the HV doesn't have CPU time to lend out, all those extra VCPUs stall. You see you can't just have half of the VCPUs actually ready to do work, they ALL must be ready or the entire group stalls. You'll end up with less performance when compared to running a VM with a single CPU.

Adding VCPUs doesn't always make your VM faster, the additional resource demand can actually crowd it out and result in less overall performance. The right way to do this is to start with 1 VCPU and benchmark your application and increase accordingly.

The more VCPUs you allocated, the higher the likely hood that when the HV is busy that you won't receive VCPU time.

http://vmtoday.com/2010/08/high-cpu-ready-poor-performance/


System doesn't boot after amd 11.9 driver install

I had all sorts of fun getting the 11.9 driver installed and working. Even using the "additional drivers" didn't work for me.
I had the same issue you had as well. In the end I followed the following steps after booting into recovery and remounting, then dropping into netroot prompt:

1) Remove the fglrx and revert configuration:

    sudo sh /usr/share/ati/fglrx-uninstall.sh
    sudo apt-get remove --purge xorg-driver-fglrx fglrx*
    sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri
    sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

2) Follow the manual install guide:

    sudo apt-get install build-essential cdbs fakeroot dh-make debhelper debconf libstdc++6 dkms libqtgui4 wget execstack libelfg0 dh-modaliases
    sudo apt-get install ia32-libs (only if on amd64 as I was)
    sh ./ati-driver-installer-11-9-x86.x86_64.run (choose build deb packages)
    sudo dpkg -i fglrx*.deb
    sudo aticonfig --initial -f

3) Reboot.


Disclaimer: I am not a lawyer. I am not trained in this field, so I have no idea if I interpret this the correct way. You can always contact Canonical using the trademark enquiry form
The Juju trademark is managed the same as the Ubuntu trademark. You can use it in your documentation and other parts of your software to show compatibility. You cannot use it in software titles.
It is also very important to make it clear that Canonical does not endorse you. This means that you cannot say "Canonical approves this message" or "Official Juju Charm IDE"
Ubuntu's Intellectual Property Policies

You will require Canonical’s permission to use:

(i) any mark ending with the letters UBUNTU or BUNTU which is sufficiently similar to the Trademarks or any other confusingly similar mark, and
(ii) any Trademark in a domain name or URL or for merchandising purposes.

You cannot use the Trademarks in software titles. If you are producing software for use with or on Ubuntu you may reference Ubuntu, but must avoid:

(i) any implication of endorsement, or
(ii) any attempt to unfairly or confusingly capitalise on the goodwill of Canonical or Ubuntu. You can use the Trademarks in discussion, commentary, criticism or parody, provided that you do not imply endorsement by Canonical.

You can write articles, create websites, blogs or talk about Ubuntu, provided that it is clear that you are in no way speaking for or on behalf of Canonical and that you do not imply endorsement by Canonical. Canonical reserves the right to review all use of Canonical’s Trademarks and to object to any use that appears outside of this IPRights Policy.


Try with this data:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 239.168.168.67
gateway 239.168.168.55
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 239.168.168.0
broadcast 239.168.168.255


"oh no something has gone wrong" after clean install of 19.10 LVM and making changes

I trawled through /var/log/syslog (thanks, user535733). It had over 4K lines when limited by manual timed bookends, and 'error' occurred 65 times. I noticed the specific error when comparing it to a working 19.10. The lines in question are

  Feb 10 14:44:02 HP gnome-shell[2035]: gdk_pixbuf_scale_simple: assertion 'dest_height > 0' failed

  Feb 10 14:44:02 HP gnome-shell[2035]: [AppIndicatorSupport-WARN] Attempting to re-register :1.108/org/ayatana/NotificationItem/multiload; resetting instead

  Feb 10 14:44:02 HP gnome-shell[2035]: **

  Feb 10 14:44:02 HP gnome-shell[2035]: Gtk:ERROR:../../../../gtk/gtkicontheme.c:4277:gtk_icon_info_load_icon_finish: assertion failed: (icon_info_get_pixbuf_ready (icon_info))

  Feb 10 14:44:02 HP gnome-shell[2035]: Bail out! Gtk:ERROR:../../../../gtk/gtkicontheme.c:4277:gtk_icon_info_load_icon_finish: assertion failed: (icon_info_get_pixbuf_ready (icon_info))

  Feb 10 14:44:02 HP gnome-shell[2035]: GNOME Shell crashed with signal 6

The fix Gnome not starting on 19.10 with my existing user but does start with a new user was to remove ~/.config/autostart/indicator-multiload.desktop


First, install the dependencies:

sudo apt-get install git libssl-dev

Now, download, build and install node, npm (a package manager for node) and TermKit itself:

Build Node.js:

trunk is a bit unstable so we check out a known-working version of node:

cd ~
mkdir TermKitProj
cd TermKitProj
git clone https://github.com/joyent/node.git
cd node
git reset --hard 1b8dd65d6e3b82b6863e
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..
git clone http://github.com/isaacs/npm.git
cd npm
sudo make install
cd ..

Build TermKit

git clone https://github.com/Floby/TermKit.git --recursive
cd TermKit/
npm install

Okay, everything is installed. Now lets launch it!

node Node/nodekit.js

You should see something like this:

18 Jun 20:12:45 - socket.io ready - accepting connections
server listening at http://localhost:2222

And now navigate to http://localhost:2222 in Chrome/Chromium (Firefox won't work, webkit needed!)
To launch it again, navigate to TermKitProj/TermKit and run  "node Node/nodekit.js" again.

Thanks to this guide.


The basic problem I think is that 14.04 is too old library wise for versions newer than 3.12 (similar subject covered here). You would need to wait for 16.04, or use 15.10 and the GNOME PPAs to get something easily that would work (15.10 is currently in Beta but due to be released later this month). The LTS releases are supposed to be stable, so aren't always up to date with stuff.

The only place I have been able to vaguely use Gnome 3.18 is in Fedora 23 Beta (which I think is still roughly the same as the official Gnome Next image) - it probably is also available via ArchLinux.
Ubuntu is usually behind on Gnome releases - they have just got most of Gnome 3.14 in 15.04 - and you can get 3.16 with 15.10's Beta. With the 15.10 you probably can use the Gnome Staging PPA to bump the version to 3.18 - it also the same same for 15.04 and 3.16).

Last Updated: 04/10/2015 for those thinking in future "Aren't we on Gnome 5.2 now?"


How to install google drive on Ubuntu 15.10?

Here is what i found on the net :

1. Install Grive Tools PPA :

Open a the terminal and run :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:thefanclub/grive-tools
sudo apt-get update

2. Install Grive :

You may need to Amend the Grive-Tools Repo :

sudo su -c "nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/thefanclub*.list"

Change the wily at the end of line in vivid :

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/thefanclub/grive-tools/ubuntu vivid main

After that do the update :

sudo apt-get update

And finally Install Grive Tools for Ubuntu :

sudo apt-get install grive-tools

Sources :

Linux Ubuntu/Mint How-to Install Grive Tools PPA

How-to QuickStart with Google Drive on Ubuntu 15.10 Wily 32-64bit Linux+GNU

For more informations (Quick-Start):

Quick-Start with Google Drive on Linux


Backup partitions belong to root, how do I fix it?

First off, I suppose every partition is "root owned," because only root can access the block device.  I am assuming you mean, though, that the files are owned by root.

To change ownership from root to your user on a partition mounted on /media/Backup, run this:

sudo chown matt -R /media/Backup/  ,  where matt is your user.

If after this, you cannot access your files as a regular user, post the output of:

ls -l /media/Backup/


I think that if set the permissions for the group, instead of the user, it should work.

Have a look in the chmod man page

You can also set the group of the directory by using chgrp.

You can look in the Wiki for this command

Hope this helps


Howto mount drive as read-only with fstab

You simply have to add the ro mount option, which stands for "read-only".

In /etc/fstab entries, mount options are specified in the 4th column of each entry, so you could append it to that one e.g. like this:

/dev/disk/by-uuid/68271755-703c-48e6-a935-c1237de6b1a8 /mnt/HDD01 auto ro,nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0

More information can be found by typing man fstab and man mount.


As you have openjdk6 installed, do the following:

Download Outlook Messenger from the website.
Go to your download folder, right click on "outlookmessenger7.jar" and select "Extract here".
Go in the new "OM" folder.
Right click on "OutlookMessenger.jar", select Properties.
Go to the "Permissions" tab, check "Allow executing file as program". Close that window.
Right click on "OutlookMessenger.jar", select "Open with OpenJDK Java 6 Runtime".

There you go! (There is no need for installing, and no need for the terminal.)


open your terminal and do this .

sudo apt-get install --reinstall rhythmbox

that will bring it back.


How to view youtube videos in 1080p in Firefox?

This article came up after a little googling:

http://news.softpedia.com/news/how-to-enable-1080p-youtube-support-in-firefox-40-for-linux-users-489491.shtml

  It turns out that not all the codecs are enabled by default, but that can be easily rectifiable. It's not clear why Mozilla feels that this feature is not matured enough to be used in the latest Firefox version, but apparently it still needs a lot of work.

The author recommends changing the following options in about:config

media.mediasource.enabled from false to true
media.mediasource.webm.enabled from false to true
media.mediasource.mp4.enabled from false to true
media.fragmented-mp4.use-blank-decoder from true to false
media.fragmented-mp4.* from false to true
Right click and create a new Bolean entry with the name "media.mediasource.ignore_codecs" and set it to true

I changed only the first two on my setup and it worked after restarting the browser.

Also I'm not sure of the implications or if it won't fry my laptop or break anything so use at your own risk.


BTSync: Intall Bittorent Sync silently with no prompts on Ubuntu Server 14

It can be done without apt by this:

echo "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main universe" > /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get update

# Download and extract the executable to /usr/bin
curl -o /usr/bin/btsync.tar.gz http://download-new.utorrent.com/endpoint/btsync/os/linux-x64/track/stable
cd /usr/bin && tar -xzvf btsync.tar.gz && rm btsync.tar.gz

btsync

via Dockerfile