The feature you're looking for was actually introduced in GNOME 3.26 (Ubuntu 17.10 came with GNOME 3.26). With GNOME 3.26 you can raise both the snapped windows by raising one of them.

But unfortunately after many complaints against this feature, developers decided to drop it completely from GNOME 3.28, the one in Ubuntu 18.04.

Update:
However, there is a GNOME shell extension called "Tandem Raise" which lets you

  Raise pairs of tiled windows in tandem.

Refer to this to learn about installing and configuring GNOME shell extensions: How do I install and manage GNOME Shell extensions?


Most Linux programs are written in C (Here's why), although Python is probably gaining a lot of popularity these days.

That being said, there is no exclusive language for Ubuntu. What I can think of that comes closest, is Bash. You can write scripts in Bash for certain jobs.
Vala also should count, but it's for Gnome developers in general.


Dual core processors of any type should play well with Ubuntu 11.10 and beyond. However, if your Atom is a single-core, (which I don't thinks so because you said $400), it should still be able to run Unity 2D if Unity 3D is too heavy or laggy. Try a live CD, or live USB, watch performance and if you are confortable, go Ubuntu.

If not, faster experiences may be found on Xubuntu or Lubuntu, as said by @Uri Herrera.

If you let us know the exact model of your ASUS, (or maybe somethings wrong since google gives me a Celeron laptop), we could be able to tell you how much performance could you get. Good luck! ;)


This answer assumes that somewhere earlier in your iptables rule set there is:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 0.0.0.0/0 -d XXX.YYY.ZZZ.WWW -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

as a by-pass once a connection has already been made.
Then the detect and temporary DROP rules are (I have done 3 seconds):

sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -m recent --update --hitcount 2 --seconds 3 --name BADGUY_GAME -j DROP
sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 7171 -m recent --set --name BADGUY_GAME -j ACCEPT

Where:

eth0 is your external I/F. Change to your actual external I/F name
XXX.YYY.ZZZ.WWW  is your external IP address. Change to actual.


It looks like you want to remove Xfce. Run the following command in terminal:

sudo apt-get remove --purge xfce4-utils

purge option causes apt to remove not only a package but also the saved settings.

Also try (but without purge):

sudo apt-get remove xfce

See this question Why removing the xfce4 package doesn't remove the XFCE desktop environment? for more details on how to do that.


How to make a partition windows can read?

Well if you want to create a partition that windows can read you should make a NTFS partition

Also though windows cannot read ext2/ext3/ext4 there are tools meant to be installed on windows to do that.
For example see this tool Ext2Fsd Project
though it says ext2 it is for ext3 and ext4 as well.

Also see this article for a few more tools.
Three Ways To Access Linux Partitions (ext2/ext3) From Windows On Dual-Boot Systems

Coming to the partitioning part you can use Gparted as suggested by other answers.

For a bit detailed (and a bit old but helpful) instructions with pictures see this article Partitioning. It helped me so it should be helpful to you too. This article is actually meant for installing Ubuntu on a partition but you can follow similar steps to achieve what you want but remember to keep it NTFS

Few other articles i found about partitioning with Gparted are (Lots of pictures to help)
GParted partitioning software - Full tutorial
Modify Your Partitions With GParted Without Losing Data

Even after making an NTFS partition windows sometimes fails to recognise it.
Thus use this Microsoft help page

Hope all this helps.


Where is the Samba configuration GUI in Ubuntu 16.04?

To get a GUI to configure Samba I installed system-config-samba. It was crashing.
I looked around a bit…
What worked for me was creating the missing file libuser.conf in /etc.
So I typed in terminal:

sudo touch /etc/libuser.conf

Source: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2250379


Anacron sends emails only if cron jobs produce some output. If you are not interested in some of the messages you need to filter it yourself by modifying appropriate script in one of /etc/cron.* (i.e. /etc/cron.daily/) directories.

If you don't want to see updates from /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate - edit the file and redirect standard output of command to /dev/null or better to a log file because you may want to check it in the future or do some custom filtering that would suite you. If you want to be notified about some erroneous conditions you should probably not redirect standard error stream, so it can be included in cron email report.


Automounting partitions on 1TB external hard disk

This should be the answer to your question.

  Under device notifier settings there is an option to select a particular device, which has been previously mounted, and set it to 'Automount on Attach'.

If this solution shouldn't be sufficient (e.g. because Kubuntu still requires root permissions), you can also try this thread. PySDM looks a great tool.


As written in ipython docs - You should prefix the command with !

e.g. for ls you should execute !ls

  String lists (IPython.utils.text.SList) are handy way to process
  output from system commands. They are produced by var = !cmd syntax.

  First, we acquire the output of ‘ls -l’:

[Q:doc/examples]|2> lines = !ls -l
 ==
['total 23',
 '-rw-rw-rw- 1 ville None 1163 Sep 30  2006 example-demo.py',
 '-rw-rw-rw- 1 ville None 1927 Sep 30  2006 example-embed-short.py',
 '-rwxrwxrwx 1 ville None 4606 Sep  1 17:15 example-embed.py',
 '-rwxrwxrwx 1 ville None 1017 Sep 30  2006 example-gnuplot.py',
 '-rwxrwxrwx 1 ville None  339 Jun 11 18:01 extension.py',
 '-rwxrwxrwx 1 ville None  113 Dec 20  2006 seteditor.py',
 '-rwxrwxrwx 1 ville None  245 Dec 12  2006 seteditor.pyc']


How do I change the default font for the terminal and gedit?

Install the gnome-tweak-tool :

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

In fonts you can change the system wide font.

For gedit:

(source: iloveubuntu.net)

For terminal:


If Maverick Meerkat is 70, what is Utopic Unicorn?

Here is one data point for you:

I use 51-android.rules on my Ubuntu 14.04 LTS system and it works great.

I got this from the instructions on some blog post long ago when trying to connect to my tablet using adb (I succeeded).  In other words, I do not know the provenance of the answer, but I can verify that it works.

I can't see that it will hurt to try one, or any, and see if they work.  My guess is that it simply controls the order in which the rules are processed.

I could never get the thing to connect on Windows.  That was another increment of force that eventually shoved me over to Linux.


Lubuntu 18.04 fresh install slow boot time on dell D630

As proposed in Slow boot times since 18.04 installation on Dell D630

I changed the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line in /etc/default/grub to:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="video=SVIDEO-1:d"

And ran sudo update-grub.

Now my boot time is about 30 sec:

$ systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 5.053s (kernel) + 32.055s (userspace) = 37.108s
graphical.target reached after 32.038s in userspace


How do I uninstall Pandoc in Ubuntu 19.10 (and install most recent version)

Removing is possible by

sudo apt-get purge pandoc pandoc-citeproc pandoc-data
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge

Installation is usually as simple as visiting Pandoc site and download the latest version of deb-file as the result:

wget https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/releases/download/2.9.2.1/pandoc-2.9.2.1-1-amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./pandoc-2.9.2.1-1-amd64.deb


Why is the version number of a package in Ubuntu repositories so different from its original one?

I believe that the 4.13.3 part of version number does refer to version of KDE applications and not the version of okular. In July 2014 KDE updates applications to version 4.13.13  and as you can see on the download page  okular package has version 4.13.3.

As from the okular website :

  The last stable release is Okular 0.21, shipped as part of the KDE Applications 14.12 release.

the okular 0.21 was shipped with KDE version that is not currently in repository for 14.04 Trusty.

You can find the version of okular offered in rep. by looking at Okular website's news and finding which okular version was shipped with KDE version you see in Ubuntu reps.


ubuntu use deja dup as default here you have a guide.     guide link

if that dosent work in this discucion you have sevral tools to do backups .   Backup tools


How to pull bulk text out of file and paste it into another file?

You can use cut:

cut -d: -f2- file1 file2 > output

-d: tells cut that the fields are separated with :, and
-f2- tells cut to output all fields from the second onwards.


Fixed it. I had to uninstall the proprietary ATI graphics card drives:

cd /usr/share/ati
sudo sh ./fglrx-uninstall.sh

Then reboot.

I then reinstalled the ATI driver and everything is working again.


The question as is phrased is off-topic, however I'll try to make it on-topic by addressing how to search for documentation on tools that rely on Perl modules in a general way; in order:

man <tool>;

From man crc32:

       This utility is supplied with the Archive::Zip module for Perl.

perldoc <module>;

From perldoc Archive::Zip:

    Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( $string [, $crc] )
    Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( { string => $string [, checksum => $crc ] } )
        This is a utility function that uses the Compress::Raw::Zlib CRC
        routine to compute a CRC-32.

Apply recursively until something avails or the "root" module is reached; in this case the recursion ends with perldoc Compress::Raw::Zlib, which doesn't avail;
Dig the source code of the "root" module:

  Generate tables for a byte-wise 32-bit CRC calculation on the polynomial:
  x^32+x^26+x^23+x^22+x^16+x^12+x^11+x^10+x^8+x^7+x^5+x^4+x^2+x+1.

  Polynomials over GF(2) are represented in binary, one bit per coefficient,
  with the lowest powers in the most significant bit.  Then adding polynomials
  is just exclusive-or, and multiplying a polynomial by x is a right shift by
  one.  If we call the above polynomial p, and represent a byte as the
  polynomial q, also with the lowest power in the most significant bit (so the
  byte 0xb1 is the polynomial x^7+x^3+x+1), then the CRC is (q*x^32) mod p,
  where a mod b means the remainder after dividing a by b.

  This calculation is done using the shift-register method of multiplying and
  taking the remainder.  The register is initialized to zero, and for each
  incoming bit, x^32 is added mod p to the register if the bit is a one (where
  x^32 mod p is p+x^32 = x^26+...+1), and the register is multiplied mod p by
  x (which is shifting right by one and adding x^32 mod p if the bit shifted
  out is a one).  We start with the highest power (least significant bit) of
  q and repeat for all eight bits of q.

  The first table is simply the CRC of all possible eight bit values.  This is
  all the information needed to generate CRCs on data a byte at a time for all
  combinations of CRC register values and incoming bytes.  The remaining tables
  allow for word-at-a-time CRC calculation for both big-endian and little-
  endian machines, where a word is four bytes.


Some applications on Ubuntu 19.10 very slow to start

After having the same problem and doing strace + a lot of reasearch I found out that this fixes the issue for good (filezilla, keepassX etc. all launch instantly now):
sudo apt-get install appmenu-gtk2-module

Then reboot.


How to upgrade ruby software to Ruby 1.9.3-p385 using sudo?

Looks like someone else has posted steps for exactly what you're looking to do. Start on step # 2.

Install Ruby from source


How to get an USB keypad (numpad) working alongside with the main keyboard without the main keyboard writing numbers?

You need to decouple them. Run
$ xinput

That's the list of input devices. You'll see a master (Virtual core keyboard) and your two keyboards attached to it.
Add a new master:
$ xinput create-master myOtherKeyboard

If you list them again you will see something like:
 myOtherKeyboard pointer id=21  [master pointer  (22)]
    ↳ myOtherKeyboard XTEST pointer id=23   [slave  pointer  (21)]
 myOtherKeyboard keyboard id=22 [master keyboard (21)]
    ↳ myOtherKeyboard XTEST keyboard id=24  [slave  keyboard (22)]

Now you have to move your other keyboard from the old shared master to the one you just created.
Note the id= fields. Get the numbers for  "myOtherKeyboard keyboard" (id=ID1)  and for you second keyboard (id=ID2) and reattach the keyboard to the new master:
$ xinput reattach ID2 ID1

The numlock keys should now be independent.
You will notice two pointer, because the master always have a keyboard and a pointer. Find the id=ID3 of the extra one (myOtherKeyboard pointer) and disable it:
$ xinput disable ID3


I can't install opera browser on lubuntu

On your terminal, run the following commands:

wget https://download3.operacdn.com/pub/opera/desktop/50.0.2762.45/linux/opera-stable_50.0.2762.45_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i opera-stable_50.0.2762.45_amd64.deb

wget: downloads opera-stable_50.0.2762.45_amd64.deb

dpkg: installs opera-stable using the deb file.


Ubuntu 20.04 Upgrade Breaks NVidia GeForce GTX 1060

The answer is to manually install the correct NVidia drivers AFTER the normal installation gui completes.  When the installer asks you to reboot, don't do it!.
When you see this dialog box:

don't click the "Restart Now" button!  Instead, just click the "close" button at the top right corner of the dialog box.  The desktop will close and restart in a few seconds.  At this point, you can right-click and open a terminal window.
At this point, we follow the solution described here under "Command Line Nvidia Installation Method" (2nd solution - the GNOME GUI method did not work for me).  We inquire about the drivers available for the installed devices. The command and result look like:
$ ubuntu-drivers devices

== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00001C03sv00003842sd00006161bc03sc00i00
vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
model    : GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB]
driver   : nvidia-driver-450 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-390 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-450-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-460 - distro non-free recommended
driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin

We manually select the recommended driver and install it as follows:
$ sudo apt install -y nvidia-driver-460

Once this completes, the proper NVidia drivers have been installed. You can reboot the computer, remembering to remove the Ubuntu installation media when prompted.


why is my os x hhd available on my ubuntu partition

Possibly remove them from /etc/fstab

May not work, and I am not responsible for any damage you cause to your system.


How to install Ubuntu on a Mac and keep OSX?

For 12.04:

I wrote an extensive tutorial here. It worked perfectly well for me and I didn't have any issues since doing exactly what I describe in my blog post a couple of weeks ago.


How do I replace the default GRUB bootloader?

Try Taking a Look here, it should reinstall grub, And most probably fix your problem
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair#A2nd_option_%3A_install_Boot-Repair_in_Ubuntu


Why does the installation of Ubuntu 18.04 with LVM and more than one Logical Volume fail into initramfs?

I tried it with not having a separate /usr and it worked.
So AlexP's comments and link were leading to the correct conclusion:

Don't have a separate /usr filesystem.

See Separate /usr is broken on Freedesktop.org for details.


How do I pre-populate a squid proxy with a Ubuntu installation?

Have you considered using apt-proxy or apt-cacher-ng instead of squid? To make use of squid's caching, you could allow either of those through squid to the internet. All you'd have to do is to point your /etc/apt/sources.list to the correct apt-proxy/apt-cacher-ng servers. Ubuntu has an excellent wiki page on apt-proxy - https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AptProxy


Is there a GUI for Apache, MySQL just like XAMPP for Windows?

You can create the XAMPP control panel GUI for Ubuntu by running

sudo /opt/lampp/share/xampp-control-panel/xampp-control-panel.py

See http://bhargavg.wordpress.com/2011/12/18/xampp-control-panel-gui-in-ubuntu/ for more info.


Suspended Ubuntu 17.04 , when "wake up" does full reboot

Lets first check your file system for errors.

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


"Unable to create Node: timed out" error when creating node in MAAS

This is caused by a very long delay by dnsmasq when it gets restarted after node additions.

Edit the PSERV_TIMEOUT value in the Django settings.py so it's 30 instead of 7.


The usual way to create a Unix domain or TCP socket is programatically, via the mknod or socket system calls. The mknod command will not allow you to create a socket.

From the command line, use the socket package

If you wish to create a Unix/TCP socket from the command-line, try the socket command from the socket package (install it first). Summarizing its man page description:

  Socket  creates  an Internet domain TCP or a UNIX domain stream socket and connects it to stdin and stdout.

Examples of socket usage (from man page)

socket -v coma.cs.tu-berlin.de nntp

connects   to   the   nntp  port  (port  119)  of  coma.cs.tu-berlin.de
   (130.149.28.10).
socket -sl 3425

creates a server socket on port 3425 on the local host and waits for  a
   connection.   After  a  connection has been closed, a new connection is
   accepted.
socket -wslqvp "echo Socket! " 1938

creates a server socket on port 1938 on the local host and waits for  a
   connection.   When  a  connection  is accepted, the string "Socket!" is
   written to the socket.  No data is read from the socket and written  to
   the  finger  program.   The  connection  is  closed when an end-of-file
   condition at the standard output of the program  occurs.   Then  a  new
   connection is accepted.


Cannot install updates in Lubuntu 16.04.3 LTS

Reinstallation of Update Manager worked

I reinstalled update-manager today using sudo apt install --reinstall update-manager and it worked! It also installed some other updates that were available.


How can I install an older version of Firefox?

This page has all the deb packages of Firefox from 3.5 to the newest version.


How do I SFTP into my Ubuntu's 2nd & 3rd Drives?

I knew this would be a dumb question. After looking for over an hour, I stumbled on a comment somewhere that said secondary drive folder locations are found in the /media directory. And there they where!


Solution can be found here:  https://sick.codes/screen-blurry-after-updating-arch-linux-amd-pixelated-artifacts-and-graphics-issue/

The new AMD Ryzen with Radeon graphics laptops, particularly the Ideapad & Thinkpads, have a problem with the Xfce window manager compositor.
 Go to Window Manager Tweaks and disable Window Compositing.


Exclude folders from being scanned by shotwell

This is actually an issue with gphoto2, the library Shotwell relies on to work with digital cameras.  I've reported this bug here.

Our own ticket for this problem is here: http://trac.yorba.org/ticket/1903

There's a number of ways to solve this problem.  One question I have for you is, are all the photos you want to import stored in a single directory on your phone or multiple directories?


How can I switch between keyboard layouts by pressing a keyboard shortcut like on Windows?

Go to System Settings > Keyboard Layout > Layout > Options > Key(s) to change layout.

You should be able to select one or more key combinations to change your keyboard layout.

On newer Ubuntu versions the default shortcut is super+space.


Get commit message and diff from Launchpad

No, you can't use launchpadlib for that. The Launchpad API doesn't provide a mapping for branch contents or history.

You can get the diff for a specific set of revisions via bzrlib though. This is how Launchpad generates the diff contents for Merge Proposals. You don't need to clone a local copy of the branch to read it; bzrlib supports reading from remote branches. For example running bzr diff -c -1 lp:bzr will give you a diff of the last revision committed to lp:bzr.

I'm not sure what you're trying to do exactly, but if there's no direct need to use bzrlib or launchpadlib for other reasons, you can simply run bzr diff with appropriate arguments, to get the diff you want.


An event spanning multiple days. A workshop across three days

Select the month in the event navigator
Mark the related events in the right pane
In the menu bar: Events > Merge Events
Rename the event

But unfortunately I have no idea for the other cases. Maybe you should use digiKam or darktable.


Ubuntu 14.04.3 Grub detects Windows 10 as Recovery Mode only

This is nothing you should worry about !

GRUB detects all boot loaders ... the first Windows boot loader detected was the one that points to the Windows Recovery Environment.

The "complete" Windows Boot Environment will be started when you select Windows Recovery Environment from GRUB menu entries.

So it is just a misleading "wrong" name.


How to share the Workspace for Android SDK between Windows and Ubuntu?

Don't share file system, use a sane source code version system, like git or subversion. Because you should have that anyway, even if you work on your source yourself.
It's problems sharing projects with different versions of Eclipse or any IDE as it is, so doing that between two OS with different syntax and semantics would only drive you insane. Been there, tried that.


Why does Ubuntu change the time when installing?

Ubuntu assumes that your hardware time (bios time) is in UTC time. When you provide the timezone (whilst installation) it will shift system time according to your timezone.

You probably have local time (GMT+5 I guess) set in BIOS.

This is a common problem when you have multiboot configuration with one system assuming BIOS is in UTC time (Linux) and another assumes BIOS is in local time (Windows).


How can I add a launcher for a shell file to Gnome favorites?

Here's another example. Not as comprehensive as Charles's link though - http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2013/09/install-light-table-ide-create-launcher-ubuntu/

sudo apt-get install gnome-panel --no-install-recommends
sudo gnome-desktop-item-edit /usr/share/applications/ --create-new

NOTE: Example below uses /opt/Appname as the app directory

Name: Appname
command: /opt/Appname/Appname
choose icon example /opt/Appname/core/img/lticon.png


Asus UX31 ultrabook suddenly shuts down when below 50% battery

I just want to share my experience with an ASUS battery:

Also my netbook suddenly turned off when it was under 30% battery. However I never had the fan and freezing problem. I went along with it for months until one day it never turned on unplugged. It seems they define a life cycle for the batteries. My battery suddenly stopped working while it could save energy for about two hours.

Anyway, if  you want to monitor your battery status, you can click on Battery under the power indicator to see detailed information about your battery:

then, check the Capacity percent which is the ratio of Energy when full to Energy (design). It will get lower and lower every time you recharge, until your battery will stop working some day.

So consider replacing your battery.


(OP solved problem)

  Worked around this by going into /etc/default/grub and setting it to boot in text mode. Still would like a solution for this though.


Hidden keyboard shortcut for screen Lock

After further research I found this https://askubuntu.com/a/919988/741512.
So I was able to find the 'hidden' shortcut in CompizConfig Settings Manager -> Ubuntu Unity Plugin.


Your Ubuntu installation is not connected to the internet. If it is running in a VM, make sure that the VM software is set to use Bridge Mode, or NAT, alternatively, NOT host-only. Otherwise, make sure your router supports DHCP or specify an IP address for your Ubuntu installation by hand.


How to check progress of an ongoing installation?

You could start by just issuing

top

to see if its consuming CPU. You could also trace its PID and then use strace to see what it's doing (if anything):

ps -eafww|grep b2
sudo strace -e trace=open -p <pid_from_last_command>

Another check would be to identify what directory is being edited. Find the parent directory, and then check what (if any) child directories/files are being written or altered.

In any event boost does take a long time to install from source, but it also does exist as a package:

sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev


Python runs way faster while the machine is shutting down?

Try running a lighter DE and see if that reproduces higher frame rates.

I suggest you test a lightweight Window manager like awesome or xmonad

sudo apt-get install awesome

login to awesome instead of unity. Awesome is really minimalistic and the default setup is... well... minimal. All the settings and configs are in ~/.config/awesome/ the main one being rc.lua.

However for testing purposes you shouldn't care. Simply press Super-Enter to spawn a terminal and run your process from there. The Super key is the Windows key, we just try really hard to avoid that word.

Running a different DE is a lazy "solution" to your problem.

If it doesn't help you will have to look at all the running processes and make guesses to which one creates the bottleneck. run htop or top to get a nice overview.

run ps -aux | grep python to get a list of all python processes.


inconsistent `apt-get update` behaviour on official Ubuntu AWS AMI

Put this line on top of your script to make it non-interactive:

export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

To fix the issue use following commands in terminal:

wget https://keybase.io/docs/server_security/code_signing_key.asc
sudo apt-key add code_signing_key.asc

Btw:

apt-get clean all     # The "all" doesn't add anything to the command here.

Use these commands instead :

Clean, Update and Upgrade :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean

Reference for fixing and setting up the Ubuntu AWS AMI tools : docs.aws.amazon.com//Setting Up the AMI Tools-Managing Signing Certificates


Instead of putting your script in /etc/systemd/system/jenkins.service, put a command inside the ~/.bashrc so that your script runs automatically everytime you boot in Ubuntu (this will be the same command which you used to run your script from terminal). This is a bash file which runs whenever your PC boots up in Ubuntu.
For example if I want /home/Kanishk/Pictures/Delhi.png to run whenever I start Ubuntu, I'll put the command shotwell /home/Kanishk/Pictures/Delhi.png at the end of ~/.bashrc file so that Shotwell will open my picture.
If you rather want to run your Jetkins package instead of that script, put a command to run that instead of the script.


How terminal decides which program to open when multiple binaries of same name on path?

The first found in $PATH is the one used.

You can control your executed binary using the order of entries in $PATH.


How do I view or install Ubuntu Touch apps?

What is the Click App Store?

The Click App Store is not an application that runs on your phone, tablet, or computer. Instead, it is the service that hosts Ubuntu Touch apps that have been packaged as Click packages.

How do I install or view Ubuntu Touch apps?

Developer

If you're the developer of an app, you can view your app by going to https://myapps.developer.ubuntu.com/dev/click-apps/

Website

Currently, there is no equivalent to http://apps.ubuntu.com for viewing Ubuntu Touch apps. I believe this is coming soon, though!

Ubuntu Desktop

If you're running the regular, desktop version of Ubuntu, there is no way to view or install Ubuntu Touch apps by default. Currently, the Ubuntu Software Center does not show Ubuntu Touch apps.

However, I wrote an app using the Ubuntu SDK that lets you view the available apps in the Click App Store:

It is written using the Ubuntu SDK, so that needs to be installed to run it. You can download it from https://github.com/iBeliever/click-appstore, compile and run it as any other Qt app.

Currently, it lets you browse the available apps and view details about them. I'm currently working on a way to install apps on the desktop.

Ubuntu Touch

If you're running Ubuntu Touch, you can view and install applications by searching the Applications scope in the Dash.


Steam error: failed to load drivers swrast

Solution
This is because steam ships and uses older libraries.
Remove libstdc++
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/installed/libstdc++6-4.6-pic_4.6.3-1ubuntu5+srt4_amd64 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/installed/libstdc++6-4.6-pic_4.6.3-1ubuntu5+srt4_amd64.md5 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/installed/libstdc++6_4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04+steamrt2+srt1_amd64 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/installed/libstdc++6_4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04+steamrt2+srt1_amd64.md5 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.6/libstdc++_pic.a && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.6/libstdc++_pic.map && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.18 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6-4.6-pic && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/installed/libstdc++6-4.6-pic_4.6.3-1ubuntu5+srt4_i386 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/installed/libstdc++6-4.6-pic_4.6.3-1ubuntu5+srt4_i386.md5 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/installed/libstdc++6_4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04+steamrt2+srt1_i386 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/installed/libstdc++6_4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04+steamrt2+srt1_i386.md5 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.6/libstdc++_pic.a && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.6/libstdc++_pic.map && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.18 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6-4.6-pic && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime.old/i386/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6

Remove libgcc_s
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1

After doing this, try to launch Steam again. It should be able to run properly now.

Note
There may be more of these files you have to remove, so try these commands first, then run updatedb command try and locate any of these librarires again. (If you get command not found when running updatedb you need to install the mlocate package)

References
Steam won't open, libGL errors


Ubuntu not showing up in rEFIT (Mac dual boot)

First, there appears to be an error in your GPT layout: The partition beginning at sector 781660160 is identified on the GPT side as an EFI System Partition (ESP); but on the MBR side, it appears as a Linux partition with an ext4 filesystem. Given the way this identification has been done, I trust the MBR data on this one. Chances are you or the installer mistakenly set the "boot flag" on the partition. Using libparted-based programs, setting the "boot flag" on a GPT partition actually sets the ESP type code, which should never be set on a Linux partition. (The ESP is required to hold a FAT filesystem and should hold EFI boot loaders and related files, not a Linux installation.) This error isn't likely to be causing your problem, but it's conceivable it's a contributing factor. Thus, I recommend booting a Linux emergency system and using GParted, parted, gdisk, or some other tool to adjust the type code appropriately. Using GParted or parted, remove the "boot flag" from the Linux partition; or using gdisk, change the type code from EF00 to 8300. Note that these tools will probably show another ESP, this one with a FAT filesystem. You should leave it configured as an ESP (with its "boot flag" or EF00 type code, depending on the tool you use).

Second, I recommend you switch from a BIOS-mode boot of Linux to an EFI-mode boot. This will obviate the need to use a hybrid MBR, which you're using now. Hybrid MBRs are ugly and dangerous hacks. You can install a suitable EFI-mode boot loader without too much difficulty. The easiest to set up is likely to be my rEFInd, which is a fork of the (now-discontinued) rEFIt; however, the procedure I'm about to describe works only with 3.3.0 and later kernels. Ubuntu 12.10 and later, including Ubuntu 12.04.2 (but not the original 12.04) come with suitable kernels. The procedure is:

Download the rEFInd binary .zip file from its downloads page.
Install rEFInd under OS X. This is easily done by using the install.sh script.
Install the rEFInd driver for ext4fs. You can do this by copying the ext4_x64.efi file from the rEFInd package to the /EFI/refind/drivers_x64/ directory (which you'll have to create). (This assumes you install to the default location; if you install rEFInd to your ESP or install manually elsewhere, you'll need to adjust the path appropriately.)
Reboot. rEFInd should appear.
In rEFInd, use the arrow keys to select one of the Linux penguin icons, which rEFInd should identify as launching a Linux kernel with a filename that begins with vmlinuz.
With one of the Linux kernels selected, hit F2 or Insert twice. A text-mode text editor should appear.
Add ro root=/dev/sda2 to the boot options and press Enter. Linux should launch.
In Linux, run the mkrlconf.sh script that came with rEFInd. This will create a configuration file that should obviate the need to add ro root=/dev/sda2 to your Linux options the next time you boot; instead, Linux should launch directly when you select its option and hit the Enter key.

At this point, your system will be basically functional. You can remove the hybrid MBR by using the gdisk program (specifically, by typing x followed by n followed by w) or by making any minor change to your partitions with parted or GParted. You may also want to tweak the rEFInd configuration by editing the /EFI/refind/refind.conf file under OS X; see the rEFInd documentation for details.


just do a fresh install and keep the same username and password during installation, it should save and install the packages you already have, plus it's just so much easier to iron out the kinks than debug a patchwork install. Upgrading between more than 2 versions of normal non-lts releases is really not that great to do, it works for the lts releases because they make it specifically compatible so you can jump from lts to lts


FFMPEG can not open display error for :1

Update: Changing the video_size to 1440x1080 made it work.


How can I identify different Chrome windows when using the "Continue where you left off" -option (to use in wmctrl)?

How to identify specific windows of Chrome

If the windows are always created (on startup) in the same chronological order (as you mentioned in a comment), you can use a specific property of the output of the command wmctrl -l: The list always lists the windows in the order they were created.

That means that if you have (e.g.) three windows, re- created in always the same order, you can simply first filter out the windows, belonging to Chrome, then "mark" the windows by their order as their appear(ed) in the output of wmctrl.

How to filter out Chrome windows from wmctrl

To identify windows, belonging to an application, you need to use the command:

wmctrl -lp

which will also show the pid the window belongs to. Usually, this is a single pid. In the case of Chrome however, there will be several.
The procedure, programmatically, is then:

Find the pids of Chrome by running:

pgrep chrome

Run the command:

wmctrl -lp

parse out, per window, the pid the window belongs to and look for a match in the output (list) of pgrep chrome

This will produce a list of windows, belonging to Chrome. Their identification, as mentioned, then is their order in the list. All you need to do then is parse their window id (the first string in their line in the output of wmctrl -lp that you ran) and you're done.

Subsequently, use the usual command to move the windows to the desired workspace.

An example; the test

As an example script to test if this works (python, what else :))

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess

# get the list of pids of chrome
pids = [p for p in subprocess.check_output(["pgrep", "chrome"]).decode("utf-8").splitlines()]
# get the list of windows
windows = [l.split() for l in subprocess.check_output(["wmctrl", "-lp"]).decode("utf-8").splitlines()]
# filter out the windows of chrome, parse their window-id
matches = [w[0] for w in windows if w[2] in pids]
print(matches)

# raise the window
subprocess.Popen(["wmctrl", "-ia", matches[0]])

For this example, I opened three Chrome windows, closed them as you described and opened Chrome again.

In matches[0] (last line), I made it raise the first window of the list:

['0x05600001', '0x05600039', '0x0560003a']

On the next run, the window id's changed:

['0x05800001', '0x05800039', '0x0580003a']

but their order in the list remained, since (indeed) the windows are always created in the same (chronological) order. Therefore the last line of the script:

subprocess.Popen(["wmctrl", "-ia", matches[0]])

always makes the same (first) window raise, while

subprocess.Popen(["wmctrl", "-ia", matches[1]])

will always raise the second and so on.

Replace the raise- command by the move- command and you'll have your script work.


How to install Ubuntu One Indicator in 12.10?

you have to install the indicator-sync package. simply run

aptitude install indicator-sync

it should be in Ubuntus repositories.

the repository you have added is not the official indicator for ubuntuone but an alternative to it. Sadly there is no Ubuntu 12.10 port for it, thats why you can't find the package indicator-ubuntuone


Install Ubuntu next to Windows 8 (UEFI dual boot)

To install Ubuntu on a UEFI computer, follow the 1st paragraph of https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI


How can I install 64 bit mongodb after installing 32 bit

Based on a little poking around and this thread, I think apt-get install mongodb or mongodb-10gen will "just work" and install a 32-bit mongo server on a 32-bit linux distro, or a 64-bit mongo server on a 64-bit distro.

Which do you have?  Try this:

$ arch
x86_64

That tells me I'm running 64-bit linux.  So I can choose to run either 32-bit mongo or 64-bit mongo.  If there were a "32" in there, I'd be running a 32-bit linux distro, and could only run 32-bit mongo atop it.

Now, take all this with a grain of salt, as I personally use apt-get for practically everything except mongodb, which I manage several versions of concurrently.

So, I find it simpler and more predictable to just go to the 10gen distributions page, and download and untar the version I want.  After that, executing the right bin/mongod just works right out of the box.

Hope this helps!


What is the root password of Live USB Stick v 16.04?

Try user ubuntu without password(with empty password).
As @Panther said, root account is disabled.
If its not ubuntu but lubuntu or xubuntu try distributive name as user login.

Another way, if you run graphical environment press Alt+F2, and run xterm. It will not ask for login. Then su and do what you want.


Opening a PNG file with eog where the filename has colon

The general solution to such "problems" is to use a slash (/) somewhere before the colon (:). For example:

eog './scholia-pageviews-2019-11-18T17:00:33.717199.png'
gimp '/full-path/scholia-pageviews-2019-11-18T17:00:33.717199.png'


Via this thread about SMART through the LSI Logic SAS 1068E controller is information that the following can work:

smartctl -i /dev/sg0

The actual digit can vary (sgX).


I believe you first need to add the syncthing release file.

Add the release PGP keys:

  curl -s https://syncthing.net/release-key.txt | sudo apt-key add -

Then add the "stable" channel to your APT sources:

  echo "deb https://apt.syncthing.net/ syncthing stable" | sudo tee
  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/syncthing.list

Now Update and install syncthing:

sudo apt update

sudo apt install syncthing

[optionally] sudo apt install syncthing-gtk


Trying to Install Flask - Unmet Package Dependency

As the output from apt list --installed | grep python3-click,

python3-click-package/yakkety,now 0.4.45.1+16.10.20160916-0ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]

states that the package is installed, you only need the previous dependency: python3-flask.

You can manually download and install it from here.


Lost all email and accounts in thunderbird

I want to share what I do most of the time: all the solutions I've tried and work can be found here. Just patiently troubleshoot it. It is most likely a corrupt pref.js file.

The causes: to me still unknown, but the last two times I've had this I see that the history in package update includes mysql updates.  Since this happens  at first startup, i assume it is always related to updates.

Good practices: I have comed to save a lot of time by doing this:

1) backup the folder where my email is (thunderbird's profile)  using deja dup + ubuntu one. If it is a prefs.js corruption it can be quickly restored, and thunderbird just needs to be restarted.

It can be used to restore email as well.

2) Always keep the profile in some other place that is not the default location. In the same link i provided there is more information about how to do that. This is to avoid thunderbird from "forgetting" your profile and it is easier to backup if you simply locate it with your documents

Hope it helps


Found a working config here: https://github.com/xboxdrv/ubuntu/blob/master/examples/absolutemouse.xboxdrv

(but really don't know what every option means ...)

[xboxdrv]
dpad-as-button=true

extra-devices=false

[modifier]
square = X1:Y1

[ui-axismap]
X1 = ABS_X
Y1 = ABS_Y
X2^dead:4000 = REL_HWHEEL:5:100
Y2^invert^dead:4000 = REL_WHEEL:5:100
lt = void
rt = void

[ui-buttonmap]
a  = BTN_LEFT
b  = BTN_RIGHT
x  = BTN_MIDDLE
y  = KEY_ENTER
rb = KEY_PAGEDOWN
lb = KEY_PAGEUP

[ui-buttonmap]
dl = KEY_LEFT
dr = KEY_RIGHT
du = KEY_UP
dd = KEY_DOWN

[ui-buttonmap]
start = KEY_FORWARD
back  = KEY_BACK
guide = KEY_ESC

# EOF #


PlayOnLinux is a frontend for Wine and simply makes it easier to manage Wine prefixes and dependencies.

You can install Wine by itself, or use PlayOnLinux as a manager. PlayOnLinux can also make it easier to pick specific Wine distributions and games.


wpa_supplicant does not directly use wireless device drivers,
and the version of Linux kernel being used is important.
Check output from running wpa_supplicant in a terminal
for its supported drivers.

Older kernels and drivers expect wpa_supplicant -Dwext;
newer kernels and drivers are cfg80211-based.
Look for cfg80211 when running:
lsmod | grep ath9k

wpa_supplicant in Ubuntu 14.04.2 uses -Dnl80211
to communicate with cfg80211.


GIMP 2.10 Doesn't Have Permission To Access a USB Drive. Why? How to Resolve? (18.04)

Sometimes the packager of the snap package gives the snap package explicit permission to access external media and sometimes the packager does not, so the decision to give the snap package explicit permission to access external media is left to the user. Since there's no overriding policy, the decision to enable removable media support is up to the packager of the snap package and after that it's up to the user.

I have observed that snap packages are generally less reliable than apt packages which means that I often install a snap package, and then I have to uninstall it because it didn't work properly. So I guess that not enabling removable media support on some snap packages adds another layer of security to the snap package that the packager thought it needed.

If you need GIMP to have full access to external media (such as USB flash drive, SD/MicroSD card, additional mounted hard drive and so on), run the following command:

sudo snap connect gimp:removable-media

$ sudo snap connect gimp:removable-media
$ snap connections gimp
Interface              Plug                  Slot                            Notes
content[gtk-3-themes]  gimp:gtk-3-themes     gtk-common-themes:gtk-3-themes  -
content[icon-themes]   gimp:icon-themes      gtk-common-themes:icon-themes   -
content[sound-themes]  gimp:sound-themes     gtk-common-themes:sound-themes  -
cups-control           gimp:cups-control     -                               -
dbus                   -                     gimp:dbus-gimp                  -
desktop                gimp:desktop          :desktop                        -
desktop-legacy         gimp:desktop-legacy   :desktop-legacy                 -
gsettings              gimp:gsettings        :gsettings                      -
home                   gimp:home             :home                           -
network                gimp:network          :network                        -
opengl                 gimp:opengl           :opengl                         -
removable-media        gimp:removable-media  :removable-media                manual
unity7                 gimp:unity7           :unity7                         -
wayland                gimp:wayland          :wayland                        -
x11                    gimp:x11              :x11                            -


AWK syntax error: unexpected end of file

The issue is likely your attempt to nest quotes, however you are over-complicating things by not making use of the ps command's output format options. A simpler version (with consistent quoting) might be

sh -c '/opt/fetch_script.sh "$(ps axo pcpu= o comm= | awk '\''{$1=$1"%"; print}'\'')"'


Rsync setup on a cron job would work well for this. Google each for specific details on how to set them up.


Making Windows files inaccessible from Ubuntu

I would mount them with umask=0077 so only root can read/write them. Then they also stop showing up on the launcher for other users.

The Windows partition will always be visible to someone with root privileges, so this is as close to having them as separate systems as you'll be able to get.

For instance, I have the following line in my /etc/fstab to protect my Recovery partition:

/dev/sda8 /mnt/Restore ntfs defaults,ro,umask=0077 0 0


How do I take an image/backup of Ubuntu partition and restore to VirtualBox VM

By installing and running remastersys you were able to convert your existing Ubuntu installation to a bootable iso file that could be used for installation to a Virtual Box drive.

sudo remastersys backup
sudo remastersys dist

Unfortunately the project development was discontinued. There is an untested repository for later Ubuntu releases:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kranich/remastersys

See also these questions for alternatives:

Use existing Ubuntu partition as an installation image?
How to back up my entire system?
How to customize the Ubuntu Live CD?


How to merge an unallocated partition with an extended partition?

Free space must be adjacent to a partition to make increasing the size of that partition possible.

You can use gparted running from a Live CD to move that 268GB partition (mysteriously called "C") to the front of the free space. Then you can increase the size of the extended partition.

If you get an error from gparted during the resize process (it boils doen to partitions cannot overlap) then you've hit a bug in the gparted version shipped with Ubuntu 12.10 (it is 0.12.1).

Download the latest version of Gparted Live
burn that to a CD
boot your Computer from that CD (you have to answer a few uncritical questions here)
the last question allows you to "autostart gparted", which is what you want
now select the drive you need and there the extended partition (easiest done in the table)
right click on that line and select "resize/move" to get the following

now you can drag the left arrow as far as you want to increase the partition


No custom themes appearing in either Unity Tweaker, or Tweaker tool

For a theme to be visible inside gnome/unity tweak tool, the index.theme file should be present inside the folder, which is present inside .themes.

In this way a theme is recognized. The index.theme file is not searched recursively in the directories inside .themes.

Therefore in your case, you should put Obsidian-2 folder directly inside .themes folder. Then you will see it in tweak tool.

You can do so either in file manager or by running command mv  ~/.themes/theme-obsidian-2-master/Obsidian-2/ ~/.themes/ && rm -R ~/.themes/theme-obsidian-2-master/ in terminal.


Please try running the following in terminal and see if it works:

sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic:i386


How do you enable shading windows with the mousewheel in Xubuntu 14.04?

To enable/disable the window rollup on mousewheel feature: Open the Settings Manager Scroll down to Other and select Settings Editor

Select the xfwm4 option, and check/uncheck the mousewheel_rollup option. This worked for me.


The simple case. If you know your file names are sane (no spaces, globbing characters, newlines etc), you can just do:

cat $(ls -t | head -n1)

To deal with spaces and globbing characters, just quote:

cat "$(ls -t | head -n1)"

If your file names are arbitrary and you need to make this work for any file name, including those with newlines in their name, use:

cat "$(stat --printf '%n/%Y\0' * | sort -rz -t'/' -k 2 | head -z -n 1 | cut -d'/' -z -f 1 )"

Explanation

stat --printf '%n/%Y\0' : print the file name and its modification date (in seconds since the epoch), separated by a / and then a NUL (\0). I am using / and \0 because they are the only two characters not allowed in a file/directory name.
sort -rz -t'/' -k 2 : sort on the second /-separated field. The -z makes sort read NUL-delimited data.
head -z -n 1 : keep only the fist NUL-delimited (-z) line.
cut -d'/' -z -f 1 : print only the first /-delimited field, the file name. Again, the -z makes cut deal with NUL-delimited data.

Use zsh instead of bash as your shell, and just run:

cat *(om[1])

You could set any of these (preferably 3 since it is the most robust) as an alias by adding this line to your ~/.bashrc:

alias cat_last='cat "$(stat --printf "%n/%Y\0" * | sort -rz -t"/" -k 2 | head -z -n 1 | cut -d"/" -z -f 1 )" 2>/dev/null'

I added the /dev/null because on my system the shell complains about a NUL byte being in the input. That doesn't block the command though and there's no reason to keep seeing the error.


How to restrict account access temporarily ubuntu

From the passwd man page:

   -l, --lock
       Lock the password of the named account. This option disables a
       password by changing it to a value which matches no possible
       encrypted value (it adds a '!' at the beginning of the password).

       Note that this does not disable the account. The user may still be
       able to login using another authentication token (e.g. an SSH key).
       To disable the account, administrators should use usermod
       --expiredate 1 (this set the account's expire date to Jan 2, 1970).

       Users with a locked password are not allowed to change their
       password.


Disable keyboard shortcuts for window snapping

So apparently installing CCSM is inevitable. As @Tim said just be careful what you edit.

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Then open Unity Tweak Tool and activate window snapping:

Then open CCSM and disable keyboard bindings in Window Management → Grid


making slingscold my default dash home/search engine

All this requires is the Unity Tweak Tool. Merely navigate to Unity > Additional. Where it says "Show the launcher -- Super" Change the binding to backspace. That will disable the Window's key binding to the launcher.

You can use many methods to bind Slingscold to the Super key. I used System Settings Keyboard > Shortcuts and the "+" button to create a custom shortcut. The command to run "slingscold" is simply slingscold.


Have you tried reducing your start up applications, this may help.

Try :

bootup-manager (http://www.marzocca.net/linux/bum.html)

OR

grub-customizer (http://www.noobslab.com/2012/09/install-grub-customizer-30-in.html)


How can I create a movie from an .hdr file?

GIMP

The Open Source version of PhotoShop is GIMP. If you are proficient with PhotoShop you might have a hard time getting to re-learn everything since it does things differently (sometimes harder, sometimes easier). With GIMP you can do amazing things with images.

GIMP is an advanced picture editor. You can use it to edit, enhance, and retouch photos and scans, create drawings, and make your own images. Lots of tools are available; you can sharpen and resize photos, and remove dust and red-eyes, for example.
It has a large collection of professional-level editing tools and filters, similar to the ones you might find in PhotoShop. Numerous fine-control settings and features like layers, paths, masks, and scripting give you total control over your images.
Many image file formats are supported, including JPEG, PhotoShop (.psd), and Paint Shop Pro (.psp) files. It can also be used to scan and print photos.

But this is mainly for editing images (as is PhotoShop) and putting them after one another (but that is not a movie but a slideshow).
If you are talking about movies then Blender might be what you are looking for.

Blender.

Blender is an integrated 3d suite for modelling, animation, rendering, post-production, interactive creation and playback (games). Blender has its own particular user interface, which is implemented entirely in OpenGL and designed with speed in mind. Python bindings are available for scripting; import/export features for popular file formats like 3D Studio and Wavefront Obj are implemented as scripts by the community. Stills, animations, models for games or other third party engines and interactive content in the form of a standalone binary are common products of Blender use.

Some external links to video's where someone used HDR images to create movies and/or recorded a movie with HDR:

HDR Lighting Tutorial
Setting Up HDR for Image Based Lighting
HDR video Blender nodes tutorial
Simple HDR video using Blender's VSE


The command that you need to execute in order to get UBIFS support is
modprobe ubifs

This will load three kernel modules:

mtd
ubi
ubifs

These modules should allow you to issue a mount command with -t ubifs after first doing a ubiattach -p /dev/XXX command for some device XXX that the kernel knows about.
The order of dependency of the modules is mtd, then ubi, then ubifs, so that to remove the modules you need to do:
rmmod ubifs ubi mtd

UBIFS is not simple to learn. This answer is just a start. Here is a more complete example.


The existing answers for connecting VPN using L2TP VPN on Ubuntu 16.04 did not work. I get VPN connection failed error. I tried many suggestions on AU

I assume you a using network-manager-l2tp and network-manager-l2tp-gnome version 1.2.8 packages from the following PPA:

https://launchpad.net/~nm-l2tp/+archive/ubuntu/network-manager-l2tp

For whatever reason, the IPsec connection is taking more than 10 seconds to establish, so is hitting a nm-l2tp's 10 second IPsec timeout.

Could you try deleting the temporary secrets files:

sudo rm -f /etc/ipsec.d/nm-l2tp-ipsec*.secrets

nm-l2tp 1.2.6 would leave those files behind, but 1.2.8 which is the latest and current version has a fix to delete what it generates. It looks like you might have reconfigured the connection multiple times with 1.2.6 and it left behind the secrets files. I'm not sure how much of an impact on reducing the timing it will have, but no harm in trying.

You could try using libreswan instead of strongswan which can be installed with the following command (which will also uninstall strongswan) :

sudo apt install libreswan

With libreswan, please delete any Phase 1 & 2 Algorithm settings you might have entered in the advanced section of the IPsec dialog box.

If you do get the IPsec connection up, and L2TP connection doesn't work, you may need to stop the system xl2tp service, see:

https://github.com/nm-l2tp/network-manager-l2tp#issue-with-not-stopping-system-xl2tpd-service


Can't upgrade to 16.04 from 14.04 E: The package lcl-utils-1.0.10 needs to be reinstalled. but I can't find an archive for it.

You just need to reinstall Software center

Press Ctrl+Alt+T simultaneously to enter terminal.

To uninstall Software Center:

sudo apt-get remove software-center
sudo apt-get autoremove software-center

To re-install Software Center:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install software-center -y

If this doesn't help then maybe the cache files are corrupted and that's getting in between opening of software center. To regenerate it open a terminal and enter the following:

sudo rm -r /var/cache/software-center/xapian
sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/format /var/lib/dpkg/info/format.bak
sudo dpkg --clear-avail
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall software-center

To solve the issue with Lazarus this answer might help you


Dual Boot with windows 10 and Ubuntu 20.04

Both OS's has to be installed in same boot-environment, so if Windows is installed in Legacy boot, Ubuntu has to be too. And opposit, If Windows was installed in/with UEFI, so must Ubuntu be.


I am having this same issue, but I am using 14.04. Were you able to find a solution? I noticed this was posted a few weeks ago. I have a Samsung ATIV Book 8 with an Intel 4000 video card and a AMD Radeon 8700M hybrid graphics. Not sure if the open source drivers has anything to do with this or the cause of it.


How decrease number of subprocess & process of mysqld and apache2 on Ubuntu server

To answer Q1 & 3 - The way the Apache web server works is that it creates a new process for each connection to the server. You can change the maximum number of processes that Apache creates or see what it's current maximum is in the Apache configuration file (see the Apache documentation for more), that's really the only way to change the number of these processes that are created. This is just the way that Apache was built. There's a well known type of DOS (Denial of Service) attack that exploits this fact called Slowloris. Some other web servers (e.g. Nginx) don't create a separate process for each connection to the server (but that doesn't neccessarily mean you'd see lower CPU usage with a different web server).

To answer Q2 - something like this should do what you're after (sourced here):

while true; do (echo "%CPU %MEM ARGS $(date)" && ps -e -o pcpu,pmem,args --sort=pcpu | cut -d" " -f1-5 | tail) >> ps.log; sleep 5; done


./configure doesn't generate MAKEFILE when building x11spice

After a couple of hours attempt, I managed to fixed this issue. The problem is actually not about syntax error with PKG_CHECK_MODULES, it's about a step prior to ./configure. Check back to README in x11spice repository. We need to run ./autogen.sh first. While doing so, multiple errors indicating package requirements were not met appears. One of the examples is like:

checking for XCB... no
configure: error: Package requirements (xcb) were not met:

No package 'xcb' found

Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.

Alternatively, you may set the environment variables XCB_CFLAGS
and XCB_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

What we need to do is simple:

use apt-cache search xcb to find what package need to be installed to satisfy this package requirements.
Then use apt-get install to install it/them.
Run ./autogen.sh again to see if there is other issue remains. If so, go through step 1 and 2 until ./autogen.sh has an output saying:

configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating src/Makefile
config.status: creating src/tests/Makefile
config.status: executing depfiles commands

That's when you go to run ./configure. Hope you will fix your problems following these instruction.


The clue is in the No such file or directory; it can't find the right file. Either...

You're not in the same directory as your hello.c file. cd to the right directory, or use provide gcc with the path to the file:

gcc /home/oli/Desktop/hello.c -o hello

Note the same applies to the -o output path. If you leave it as hello it will try to write to the current working directory (/home/$USER/ by default). Either change directory or provide a full path.
Or you've called it HellO.C (Ubuntu's filesystems are case sensitive).
hello.c never existed. Perhaps it was just a figment of our collective imaginations; perhaps you forgot to save it; perhaps it's called something else completely.

This is the second time you've posted about path issues. It's something you'll learn but yeah, commands don't just work globally and not all files live in the same directory. You have to specify where stuff is.


Problems installing drush on fresh install of Ubuntu

I fixed the problem. The issue was the path I put into my .bashrc file. I didn't actually have a .composer file, despite what the directions I was using indicated. I had a .config file though! Once I changed the path in my .bashrc to reflect that (ie. PATH="$HOME/.config/composer/vendor/bin:$PATH" and restarted my terminal it worked.


Add Command to Menu Entry in 13.10 to convert images to JPG

Thanks to dobey for the input, with that I found a way to do it:

~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/Convert to JPG

#!/bin/bash
## Convert to JPG Script 0.1
## Dependencies: imagemagick

mogrify -format jpg -quality 70 -resize 80% $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS

Perfect for attach screenshots in the work mail, reduced the screenshots from 1.4M to 90K, and quality is not important cause it is just to show something fast to work buddies.

Thanks!!!


After swapping Ctrl and caps in xmodmap, how can I make Ctrl work properly for multi-modifier combinations?

Apparently, the above xmodmap code is not sufficient to swap the Ctrl+L and Caps Lock keys.

keycode 66 = Control_L

should be

keycode 66 = Control_L Control_L

to allow correct functionality when Ctrl is pressed after another modifier. I can't find any good references to this solution but apparently the second entry relates to Shift+Key. I'm not sure why here it also seems to apply to Alt+Key.

(Also, FWIW, other sources state there are up to eight columns, rather than the six referred to in the link.)


ATI drivers "break" in between installing/updating Ubuntu for the first time. What can I do?

I had the same problem when installing 13.04. I have a Radeon HD 6670 (TURKS). After installation the desktop was completely black, and even when switching to a terminal (CTRL+ALT+F1) the screen was still black.

I found that the problem may be related with the use of VESA driver during start up. The solution I found involves using the xdiagnose tool, so you will need an X environment running. I was able to install the ATI proprietary driver and in my case this worked fine. Another option may be rebooting in recovery mode and select X failsafe mode. In my case it even worked resuming startup, as it seems to load X using VESA driver. In this case the desktop will run very slow but it can be used for the following steps.

First open a terminal and run xdiagnose as root. This is a small tool to select some additional options for the display driver. Then I selected the following options under Debug:

Display boot messages.
Enable automatic crash bug reporting.

and the following options under Workarounds:

Disable bootloader graphics.
Disable VESA framebuffer driver.

The tooltips for the last two options explain that on some systems if the VESA driver is used during start-up there may be problems when switching to the X graphics driver.

After applying the changes and rebooting, the desktop is running with no problems, and "About" screen displays that the graphics driver being used is Gallium 0.4 on AMD TURKS.

This avoids the Ubuntu splash screen to be displayed during start-up. Also I am not sure if all the options selected in the xdiagnose tools are necessary. Some more testing will be necessary.

I am sure there must be a lot of people with this same problem, so I hope this can help.


The apache2 configtest failed. Not doing anything

For the first error: output of config test was:

apache2: Syntax error on line 216 of /etc/apache2/apache2.conf:
Could not open configuration file /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/nagios3.conf: No such file or directory Action 'configtest' failed.

My Answer:

I reconfigured the resolv.conf file using vi /etc/resolv.conf and set the dns ip so that the system is now able to resolve the host, and now the system is not showing the error.


Correct password is not accepted for Evolution

Your question is somewhat unclear. However, I get the impression that you try to use Evolution to access your google email.

Access to your google email over imap and pop is disabled by default. To enable it for your google mail account; login on gmail.com, go to settings and click "Forwarding and POP/IMAP" tab. Enable it and report back.


If you're using grub2 you can just run a sudo update-grub to find the correct OSes and generate a new cfg.
From a live CD, you'll have to mount your partition:
sudo mkdir /mnt/root
sudo mount -t ext3 <your ubuntu partition, example /dev/sda4> /mnt/root
sudo mount -t proc none /mnt/root/proc
sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/root/dev
sudo mount -o bind /sys /mnt/root/sys
sudo chroot /mnt/root /bin/bash
sudo update-grub


I think init scripts need stuff like this at the begining :

# Provides: chillispot et freeradius dans le chroot
# Required-Start:    $local_fs $network
# Required-Stop:     $local_fs $remote_fs
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Wireless & LAN Access Point Controller
# Description:       ChilliSpot is an open source captive portal
#                    or wireless LAN access point controller.
### END INIT INFO

edit : see here https://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts


How can I edit my Grub bootloader entries (Hide, Rename, Remove)?

The blog post GRUB2 revisited will provide you with a blow-by-blow set of instructions on how to manually edit GRUB2's configuration files.  If you check the other postings in the series (by filtering on Category = GRUB) you will also find information on removing old kernels and what happens when a new kernel arrives as an update.  The postings include references to a number of related web sites.


Update manager will not update due to authentication error

I just encountered the same problem. I checked the settings and made sure that the update server was the one I wanted. Sometimes, I've found that changing the server also helps. After making sure the settings are correct, I click "check." This makes the computer verify that it is connected with the server and has the right updates for my machine. The final keystroke is to click "install updates." The update started for me, as usual. Hope this helps.


Will Ubuntu 18.04 get an nginx version compiled with OpenSSL 1.1.1?

It seems like finally the nginx version built with OpenSSL 1.1.1 is there. Today, after running an update I got for nginx -V:

  nginx version: nginx/1.17.2 built by gcc 7.4.0 (Ubuntu
  7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)  built with OpenSSL 1.1.1  11 Sep 2018


Ubuntu Installer didn't ask which drive to install to

You can choose where to install Ubuntu and specify partitions manually by choosing Something else in the Installation type screen.


Cannot boot Ubuntu 12.04 after Fedora 21 dual-boot installation

My rough guess is that Fedora installed its grub EFI way, while Ubuntu installed another grub legacy way, so when Fedora tries to pick Ubuntu to show it in its menu, it finds an incompatible step.

You might find hints on Why can't I boot into Ubuntu after installing and then erasing Fedora? for manual solutions like list EFI boot entries registered in BIOS with

sudo efibootmgr -v

and remove extraneous ones with commands like

sudo efibootmgr -b 5 -B # don't run unmodified, adapt to your case! I did not need such a step

You might find solutions that might better suit you if you prefer automagical tools Can't boot ubuntu 13.10 after install Fedora 20 on a x86_64 EFI machine but I avoided them, preferring to know what happens.

What I ended up on my machine is to change the boot order in the BIOS setup to choose Ubuntu first.  Then, if I want to boot Fedora I press Esc on BIOS screen which shows an EFI boot menu allowing to choose the OS to boot.  I ignore the fact that different grub instances offer non-working options to boot the other distro(s).

Probably, if all OSes using grub are configured the same (EFI or legacy), then all grub instances can boot all other OSes (which is the case on a non-EFI machine) but that's not necessary (just inelegant to show non-working options).


You need to run the following command:

/sbin/shutdown -r now

with root pirviliges. The way to do it is to use root's crontab, not your user crontab. A sudo before the usual crontab command does that:

sudo crontab -e

Tip: You can switch the shell's standard editor for things like crontab and visudo with sudo update-alternatives --config editor and then select the editor of your choice.

Editing the crontab you should add the following line to your file:

# For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
#
# m h  dom mon dow   command

@daily root /sbin/shutdown -r now

The "@daily" here is a shortcut for every day at midnight (equivalent to "0 0 * * *"). By the way - why do you want a daily reboot?

EDIT - see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CronHowto for the following: "Crontab commands are generally stored in the crontab file belonging to your user account (and executed with your user's level of permissions). If you want to regularly run a command requiring administrative permissions, edit the root crontab file: sudo crontab -e"

EDIT - thanks to @charlesbridge for his comment - edited answer to include the full path


Apple wireless keyboard visible in Bluetooth Devices but does not connect (feb 2017)

Try using terminal, put the keyboard in pairing mode then in terminal

bluetoothctl

It should show the controller- your Bluetooth dongle's MAC address

Then in terminal

power on
scan on

Now it should discover your keyboard and show it's MAC address

pair keyboards MAC

Replace keyboards MAC with just the MAC and the MAC address is case sensitive and letters need to be caps.  You may be asked to type a PIN code on the keyboard and press enter. Then try

trust keyboards MAC
connect keyboards MAC

You shouldn't have to type the entire MAC address, just type the first digits and press TAB key to autocomplete


How to verify if an uploaded file was uploaded correctly

One way to do this would be to use md5sum to compute a message digest before sending the file, then do it again on the receiving end, and make sure the hashes match.

$ md5sum foo.bar.iso
d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e  foo.bar

Alternately, with an eye towards doing this in a shell script, you could redirect the output of the initial md5sum into a file, send the original file and the file with the message digest to the remote host, and run md5sum on the file with the message digest. You'll often see such files listed on FTP sites along with Linux distribution disk images.

$ md5sum foo.bar.iso > md5sum.txt
$ rsync foo.bar.iso remotehost:/home/user
$ rsync md5sum.txt remotehost:/home/user
$ ssh remotehost 'md5sum -c md5sum.txt'
foo.bar.iso: OK


Connect Ubuntu to other PC with direct (crossover) cable

you need to go into network manager and change your ip4 settings to shared to other computers

here is the other method using ip tables

this will set the ip of your ethernet card

sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0

and this will configure the nat

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -o wlan0 -i eth0 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE

if the connection you are using for internet is different from wlan0 change that so if you are using mobile broadband it will most likely be ppp0

when you have done that you can save the settings by doing

sudo iptables-save > filename

and to reload the settings

iptables-restore < filename

the restore is needed because after a reboot iptables will forget what the settings entered above if you want it to load every time just put the restore line in /etc/rc.local


This procedure worked for me.

Close Firefox
Backup sessionstore.js file and sessionstore-backups directory:

$ cp sessionstore.js sessionstore.js.0
$ cp -r sessionstore-backups sessionstore-backups.0

Remove sessionstore.jsonlz4 from profile directory as well as all *.jsonlz4 files from sessionstore-backups directory.

$ rm sessionstore.jsonlz4
$ rm sessionstore-backups/*.jsonlz4

Copy recovery.js from sessionstore-backups to sessionstore.js in profile directory:

$ cp sessionstore-backups/recovery.js sessionstore.js

Start Firefox. My last saved session was correctly restored.

Source: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/1173678


Have you tried this command?

sudo ufw default allow outgoing


Installing Jmemorize (flashcard) on Ubuntu

Download jdk-1_5_0_22-linux-amd64.bin
cd ~/Downloads && chmod +x jdk-1_5_0_22-linux-amd64.bin
Run it by ./jdk-1_5_0_22-linux-amd64.bin, press and hold Enter and at the end of license agreement input yes and hit Enter
Folder jdk1.5.0_22/ will be created in your current directory.
Being in your current directory, you could launch your app.

jdk1.5.0_22/bin/java -jar jMemorize-1.3.0.jar

The file and folder are in my ~/Downloads directory:

/home/user/Downloads/jdk1.5.0_22/
/home/user/Downloads/jMemorize-1.3.0.jar

To make it executable from applications launcher do the next:

cd ~/ && mkdir .local/share/jmemorize
mv Downloads/jMemorize-1.3.0.jar .local/share/jmemorize/
mv Downloads/jdk1.5.0_22 .local/share/jmemorize/
gedit .local/share/applications/jmemorize.desktop and past the next text in to it:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=jmemorize
Comment=Jmemorize flashcard app
Exec=/home/your_user_name/.local/share/jmemorize/jdk1.5.0_22/bin/java -jar /home/your_user_name/.local/share/jmemorize/jMemorize-1.3.0.jar
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/viber.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Education

Change your_user_name in Exec to your actual username. Save it and exit gedit.
chmod +x .local/share/applications/jmemorize.desktop

Result:


First enable the Multiverse repository.to do that open Software Sources and click on spftware restricted by copyright(multiverse repository)(you can also enable all as i have done)

Then just open the terminal and type
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Also as in your case you do not seem to have Python. Install that by typing
sudo apt-get install python
if this does not work then download this package : Python for 32 bit systems


How to change icons size inside unity (e.g. on all programs panel)

With "inside" I think you mean the "Dash" (of Unity).

If it's true It's not possible to change the icon size. (i.e. see this AU question)


Problem using any docks (Cairo, AWN, Docky)

How did you try adding application shortcuts to the Docky bar? In Docky open up an application that you don't have docked, opposite click on it's icon that shows up on the docky bar (Because even if you don't have it docked it'll still show on the dock) and choose Pin To Dock


Launch alsamixer in a terminal, press F6 to select your main sound card (not HDMI), F5 to display all controls , then use arrow keys to move thru , spacebar or "m" to change state :

Check  "loopback" switch is off
Change "mic" level
Check  main "capture" switch is in "capture " state (not off)  and increase its level. (sometimes , there is an additional  "mic  "  capture switch  : must be in "capture " state)

Some of these settings can also be done with Pavucontrol  but not all:
In pavucontrol "input device " tab, select correct sound card (not hdmi) and  input (mic)


The required package exo-2 was not found on your system

Compiling from source code needs installation of special development packages (build dependencies).
At first you need to open Software & Updates application from GUI or by software-properties-gtk command. Then  check [ ] Source Code  on the first tab and confirm reloading software lists.
The Thunar is packaged in Ubuntu, so you can use the command below to get its build-dependencies:
sudo apt-get build-dep thunar

To install additional dependency use:
sudo apt-get install libatk-bridge2.0-dev

And then fix libraries as @Terrance suggested in comments:
sudo ldconfig


Ubuntu 14.04 freezes after kernel update

As I mentioned in the question, the new kernel was causing me the problems, so I booted with my older kernel and everything is back to normal. The answer to this question helped:
How can I boot with an older kernel version?
So first update grub, then reboot, while rebooting, press and hold Shift key. Then go to advanced options, and from there, select an older kernel version (kernel 3.13.0-36-generic in my case).


Just click on the three horizontal lines on the right (the menu), and from there choose "History", and then "Clear recent history..."

In the popup window, choose a time period that encompasses your last typing. After that, click on the "Details" button below (or the arrow beside it). Make sure that all the check boxes are selected (some of them might be disabled by default). After that, click the "Clear now" button and try typing again. You don't need to restart the Browser.


dconf editor "auto-save-session" not working? 14.04

Currently this feature is not supported in 14.04, seems to be a bug, but there are a few possibilities to work around that function.

Using a script

desgua wrote a script where you can configure your session manually which worked for me for each workspace by typing the following into your console:

cd ~/ && wget -c http://dl.dropbox.com/u/4098082/session.config && chmod +x ~/session.config && ~/session.config

Gnome-session-save

Another possibility is to do: killall gnome-session then sudo gnome-session-save --logout which should save the current session and log out at the same time. It seemed to work for others but not for me.

More details in the posting:
Save Unity Desktop Session


Put this command to the startup applications:

setxkbmap de

Another option to add the command to the .profile script, as described here


Highlight active application in Gnome Classic taskbar

Comparing files /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-3.0/apps/gnome-panel.css and /usr/share/themes/Radiance/gtk-3.0/apps/gnome-panel.css showed that one fragment in Radiance theme stylesheet is missing. We can copy it from Ambiance theme. Make a backup of /usr/share/themes/Radiance/gtk-3.0/apps/gnome-panel.css for safety and add these lines between PanelApplet .button:prelight { ... } and ClockBox { ... } blocks of the mentioned file:

PanelApplet .button:checked {
    background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear, left top, left bottom,
                                     from (shade (@dark_bg_color, 0.95)),
                                     to (shade (@dark_bg_color, 1.1)));
}

PanelApplet .button:checked:prelight {
    background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear, left top, left bottom,
                                     from (shade (@dark_bg_color, 1.15)),
                                     to (shade (@dark_bg_color, 1.3)));
}

PanelApplet .button:checked:prelight:active {
    border-image: none;
    background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear, left top, left bottom,
                                     from (shade (@dark_bg_color, 0.75)),
                                     to (shade (@dark_bg_color, 0.9)));
    border-color: shade (@dark_bg_color, 0.8);
}

This code is taken from the gnome-panel.css file of Ambiance theme. Reload and observe the changes.
These settings are adapted to Ambiance theme, but they'll work for Radiance theme also - now the button of active application will be darker than the other ones. Some adjustments of the values will probably enhance the compliance with Radiance theme, but that's the job of theme creators.
Created bugreport. Maybe it will be fixed in the foreseeable future.
P.S. Take into consideration that any update of light-themes package will revert this fix.


Well there are two things you can look at in regards to backup/sync.

Backup / Archive - This will be a synced backup that will be
something you can recover from the historical data.
Sync - Same files on both locations similar to dropbox

If you are looking to do a backup / archive sync, there is a protocol "rsync" that is fairly handy in linux environments. http://rsync.samba.org/

If you are looking for something like the dropbox type sync, bittorrent came out with software that make it easy to have your own sync'd environment. http://labs.bittorrent.com/experiments/sync.html

The btsync can be a little process intense depending on what you mean by older laptop.


What are some of the basic sudo commands?

sudo (superuser do) is a great tool for restricting access to the root account (or other accounts). In normal use, it is setup so that people in the wheel group can run commands as root if they give it their password.
The beauty of sudo is that you can grant root access to certain users without giving them the root password. On top of that, you can specify only to grant them access to certain commands on certain hosts. Best of all, sudo logs every command that is run through it, so you can easily track down any issues that may arise.
Using sudo
Using sudo is ridiculously easy. If you would like to run a command as root, simply type sudo program arguments. For instance:
sudo passwd tstrombe

If you would like to run commands as a user other than root, use sudo -u username program arguments, like so:
sudo -u condor /usr/local/sbin/condor_start

In rare instances, you may need to start an entire shell as another user. This is not recommended because it will not log the commands you execute under this shell, though it sometimes makes things more convenient when you do not have access to a directory you would like to work in. This will start a root shell:
sudo -s

For more tips, I recommend looking at the sudo manual.
man sudo

Configuring sudo
Adding yourself to the wheel group
If you type the groups command, you will see a list of groups that you are an active member of.
% groups
wheel uucp dialout audio video condor

If it does not say wheel, you will want to add yourself to the wheel group. You can use the graphical management tools that come with your system, or simply use your favorite text editor as the root user, and edit /etc/group. Add yourself to the line that says wheel:
wheel:x:10:tstrombe

You will need to logout and log back in for the membership changes to take affect. Before hand, you may want to do the next step, however.
Editing the sudo configuration
Open up a terminal, and make sure the EDITOR variable is set to your preferred editor, otherwise you will be editing the sudoers file using vi.
Now you can launch visudo as root:
/usr/sbin/visudo

Enabling the wheel group in sudo
Put # signs at the beginning of these lines:(if not found)

Defaults targetpw    # ask for the password of the target user i.e. root
%users ALL=(ALL) ALL # WARNING! Only use this together with 'Defaults targetpw'!

You will then see two lines that mention the wheel group. If you have no sensitive data on your machine, and absolutely trust that no one but you would ever use it or get into it, you can uncomment the NOPASSWD one, otherwise, I do highly recommend the first option. This shows our recommended configuration:
# Uncomment to allow people in group wheel to run all commands

%wheel  ALL=(ALL)       ALL

# Same thing without a password

%wheel        ALL=(ALL)       NOPASSWD: ALL

You can now save this file and quit. You should now be allowed to use the sudo command.
Changing the password timeout
By default, sudo will ask you for your password after 5 minutes of not using it. You can change this timeout to 20 minutes by adding the following option to your sudoers file with visudo.
timestamp_timeout = 20

If you really want, you can also specify this timeout on a per-user basis.
You can do much more.


WiFi AX200 is not connecting automatically on Ubuntu 20.10

So I had this issue today when somebody installed Ubuntu 20.10 instead of 20.04 after internet searches and trying lots of things I resolved the problem.
I downloaded the20.04 latest Linux firmware linux-firmware_1.187.4_all.deb
then I uninstalled the 20.10 version using
dpkg -r --force-depends linux-firmware
then installed the old package
dpkg -i linux-firmware_1.187.4_all.deb
Rebooted and everything worked fine...


Well.. Here's a link to the script:
http://www.playonlinux.com/repository/?script=396

Looks like wine1.3 is available here:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/wine/files/Source/wine-1.3.11.tar.bz2/download

Something you can do is run playonlinux from the command line, and maybe you can see an error (or where the error occurs) there.

When I was having problems before, it's because the POL site wasn't responding for a few days.


How to convert multiple files to mp3 in Thunar custom actions?

It depends a little, on how Thunar handles multiple files. Basically, you can use parallel (website) to handle a lot of files.

sudo apt-get install parallel

So I would start with the following:

parallel avconv -i '{}' '{}.mp3' ::: %F

By default, it only does one job at a time. If you want to use multiple CPU cores in parallel, try parallel -j 4 ... for 4 jobs in parallel. Also check out man parallel.

In order to run it in Thunar's custom actions, this should be embedded like so:

xfce4-terminal -e "parallel avconv -i '{}' '{}.mp3' ::: %F"

To convert to other audio formats supported by avconv, just replace mp3 with that - but: take into consideration other issues like:

flv and mp4 files contain aac audio and converting that to other audio formats may entail unwanted results - more here. If the aac file has about 95 kbps bitrate converting directly to mp3 would work, because the default bitrate for the mp3 would be 192kbps, which is a good option (according to here). If the aac file has a different bitrate, the mp3 should be modified accordingly.
aac is a lossy format, and converting it to other formats should be considered in the context of the larger issue that converting between lossy formats is not recommendable. Even more, converting from a lossy format to a lossles one is pointless.
a better option than converting aac to mp3 would be to just extract the aac audio into a m4a container, as described here.


use grub and boot in (recovery mode) https://askubuntu.com/a/117954/216166

follow instructions:

amdconfig --initial -f; reboot;

if this still not helped try this:

apt-get purge fglrx*; mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/amd.xorg.conf; reboot;

post this information by editing your question

lubuntu version?

lsb_release -a

graphic card?

lspci -nnk | grep -i VGA -A2

its possible that the kernel/xorg version is not compatible with the fglrx driver.

fglrxinfo

http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Hardware#Not_Yet_Supported_or_Unoffically_Supported


Can other users see environment variables set by root?

Exported environment variables are in the environment of the shell, and of child processes started after you exported them. The SSH shell you started later is unlikely to be a child process of your existing root shell. So, echo $MY_VAR won't get you foo because you did export MY_VAR=foo in a different shell.

However, users can read the initial environment variables of their own processes (root can do so for any user), since these are available in /proc/<PID>/environ. Variables exported after the shell started won't show up in that file, however.


7390 XPS 13 Dev edition- Dedicated ubuntu drivers

I tried updating my XPS 7390 last night. The process is not ideal and I ended up reverting to 18.04 (for now). The primary issues were:

Wifi driver isn't present so you have no internet. You can overcome this by downloading the driver and installing it manually. I used the instructions here.
The display looks like it needs a driver because the screen quality wasn't as good. I gave up while investigating so I didn't full track that down.
The Dell apt repos won't work any more. I assumed (maybe incorrectly) that because of that that all this custom stuff will now have to be manually updated for a while. I'd love to know if I'm wrong there and it can just be re-enabled.
After all that I got worried that I'd have to fish to see if other bits and pieces were missing and, as this is my daily driver, I was worried something wouldn't work at a critical moment so I reverted.

I really hope someone can publish a full accounting of what's missing and how to do it properly one day (maybe Dell). I'd love to but I just don't know exactly what the steps are.

If you update, let us know somehow!


Installation Error MATLAB 2014a on Ubuntu 14.04

I solved this on my own. Turn out that the ISO file from which I was trying to install MATLAB had a corrupted java binary. I fixed it by copying the JDK Java Binary to replace the corrupted binary and it worked.


Check whether the openssh-server package is installed on the target machine :

apt policy openssh-server
openssh-server:
  Installed: 1:7.3p1-1
  Candidate: 1:7.3p1-1
  Version table:
 *** 1:7.3p1-1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

That is from an Ubuntu 16.10 installation, you also can check it by executing this :

dpkg --get-selections | grep openssh-server
openssh-server                  install

If not installed, run : sudo apt install openssh-server on the target machine.

Allow ssh on the target machine : sudo ufw enable | sudo ufw allow 22/tcp


Gem Debugger won't install with bundle install

I had the same thing happen to me when I moved from ruby-1.9.3-p385 up to ruby-2.2.3.

It looks like when you generate the project, Rails will use the appropriate gems for the Ruby version, which aren't guaranteed to work for other Ruby versions.

In this case, debugger doesn't support Ruby past 2.1.1, and you can get this to work replacing:

gem 'debugger'

with:

gem 'byebug'

in your Gemfile.


Windows partition by default created & mounted after installing 16.04 LTS Dell Precision 7510

I have a dell laptop, and the default windows partion is called OS. I think this is so your laptop will boot from the partition as maybe the laptop is restricted to only booting from a specific partition. I am proabaly incorrect. It also seems like it has boot files so don't delete it


Can I compile a windows only software for ubuntu

You can't build most Windows specifics as it needs all the libraries installed to link to it. However, some basic or cross-platform development can be done using the MinGW compiler. For example Pidgin for Windows can be built on Linux as described here on their wiki.

This is possible because MinGW provides an optional Win32 runtime for Linux and it's depending on cross-platform tested libraries like GTK.


why can't system proxy work while firefox/chrome works well with proxy?

I guess you are looking for system wide proxy.
Edit the following file:

sudo nano /etc/environment

Set/Add: http_proxy="http://yourproxyserver:8080" (if you have password "http://user_name:password@yourproxyserver.com:8080/")
Same for https_proxy, ftp_proxy etc.

If you want exceptions (e.g. you want to use your localhost server): no_proxy="localhost,127.0.0.1"

You need to restart to apply changes.

If you want to apply it for apt-get and some other tools, check this tutorial:
How do I set systemwide proxy servers in Xubuntu, Lubuntu or Ubuntu Studio?


As stated in my blog, here,

You can do the following

sudo xrandr --newmode "1600x900_60.00"  118.25  1600 1696 1856 2112  900 903 908 934 -hsync +vsync
sudo xrandr --addmode VBOX0 "1600x900_60.00"
sudo xrandr --output VBOX0 --mode "1600x900_60.00"

First command creates a new mode with resolution 1600x900
Second command makes it available for use, with display (in this case VBOX0)
Third command selects the newly added mode as the display resolution for the specified display
To change this to any custom resolution, just replace 1600 with the width you want and 900 with the height you want.

This worked for me.


How do I remove the faulty version of Ubuntu from my PC?

From what I remember reading, you may be able to use a tool such as "Grub Customizer" to change the order of the boot, so you get the one you want. Would you be able to also boot into the good version and then remove all files from the bad partition and format the drive (GParted) and then boot only the good one?

Having troubles in the past related to this, I personally found that backing up all your data and then a fresh install is the way to go. I used the USB flash pen and all was fine my end.


Ubuntu 17.10 system issues after resuming from suspend

my problem with resume from suspend is the computer reboots instead of waking. I still cant get an answer either. I thought maybe it was wayland, but i went back to xorg session and the problem persists.


Why can't I use bash freely after using the "At" utility? (Can't insert stdin until ctrl+c)

It took me some time to see your real problem - you want to directly send a command to at instead of providing command(s) afterwards as i assumed.

There is no need for a complicated scheme, just type

echo 'apt-get purge phpmyadmin -y' | at 'now + 2 minutes'

When you do it this way at does not expect any input afterwards and you get back to the command line immediately.

(keeping my original answer here)

Issuing at gives you the possibility to list commands to execute. You have to tell at that you are done:

Press CTRL + D (This is also known as End Of Transmisssion)


Cannot find Canon LBP3050 driver for Ubuntu 12.04

This seems to be the link for european customers but its probably pretty generic. I did notice that your specific device wasn't listed but it seems to be the right proprietary driver.
Good luck!


Message indicator for liferea missing in Ubuntu 12.10?

This post should answer your question:

indicator-messages has been updated, and the api has changed, liferea is on the list in triage. Not sure when an update may come through, but guys who can fix it, know about it.


I came across the same problem and here is the solution

sudo umbrello --geometry 600x400+0+0

and that should solve your problem


What is temperature limit for Intel i5 processors?

ACPI temperature is most likely your motherboard temperature - not the CPU. Mobile CPUs temp limit is usually little above 100C - depending on CPU type. Example i5 spec - see Tjuntion temperature.  I would say that 90C ACPI temp is bit too high unless under heavy load like gaming. If the temp is at the level all the time I would suggest getting your laptop serviced or cleanning it up by yourself if you know how.