Programs to download subtitles for videos

You can use subdownloader  or to install in shell sudo apt-get install subdownloader which is very good to download subtitles for any type of movie/series.

After downloading/installing it the program should be in the Sound & Video section in the applications panel. If you are using Unity by default just press SUPER and type subdownloader and press enter.

When you open the program it will automatically log in to opensubtitles and just search for the movie you want to find the subtitles for or the folder where the video or videos that you want to search the subtitles for. Then select the language for them and download. It will automatically put it in the folder where the video is, renaming it to the video name and enjoy. Open the video with VLC and you should be able to watch the movie with the subtitles.


Trying to install hercules, unable to access url for install

The document you are following is out of date and most of its links are broken.

To install hercules on your Ubuntu, use:

sudo apt install hercules

For more information: How do I install applications in Ubuntu?


Canon MX490 Ubuntu 20.04 : printing problem

I have had a similar problem, albeit with a Pixma mp230
Try this simple solution, which I found on distrowatch.com' s user rating page of Ubuntu 20.04  (the review dated 2020-08-19):

remove ippusbxd (sudo apt remove ippusbxd in terminal)
delete and reinstall the printer using the normal GUI printer utility
Print a test page. Worked for me!

The proposed theory behind it is that ippusbxd "creates" a "ubuntu"-printer which interferes with the original printer/printer drivers (in the reviewer's case a Brothers printer, in my case a Canon Pixma mp230).
I am incredibly thankful to the original problemsolver for this simple solution and thought I would pay it forward here, where more people might see it.


No, there is no such things as "the packages needed by the system all together" since the system has no way to determine which packages are required. Because it is you who directs the requirement.

However, some packages might be installed together with other packages and if you removed those, the 'installed together' packages might not get removed. In this case, you can run this command to remove those unnecessary packages.

sudo apt-get autoremove


How to delete the Windows partition and use it for Ubuntu's root?

It might be or might not be possible depending on your partition layout.

You can install GParted from Ubuntu Software Center and try to delete the Windows partition and make some free space. Then you might be able to Extend the size of the Ubuntu partition.
You should do this using an Ubuntu Live CD.

You have proceed with caution. You may want to read GParted Manual


How do I enable the CardDAV server of the calendarserver package?

Drawin Calendar-Server is not actively developed for linux. It still has lots of bugs in Debian stable/testing. You can always file a bug at their respective bug-tacking page or ask for help on Debian/Ubuntu mailing list. For now, Radicale or DAVical works far better.

Find more information here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/CalendarServer


How do I install bootchart on Ubuntu 18.04?

The package name changed for systemd from bootchart to systemd-bootchart

Try installing systemd-bootchart in 18.04 and newer.


When I execute first command, this is what i got:

GLX_MESA_multithread_makecurrent, GLX_MESA_query_renderer,
    GLX_MESA_multithread_makecurrent, GLX_MESA_query_renderer,
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI Intel(R) Sandybridge Mobile

On second command I got this:

Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
mesa-utils is already the newest version.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-3.19.0-25 linux-headers-3.19.0-25-generic
  linux-image-3.19.0-25-generic linux-image-extra-3.19.0-25-generic
  python-dateutil python3-tz
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.


Linux apt-get update I get "unmet dependency error" Ubuntu 16.04

The most basic fix to resolve dependencies problems is to run:

sudo apt-get -f install

The -f is short for --fix-broken. This will attempt to correct broken dependencies. If you manually installed a package that had unmet dependencies, apt-get will install those dependencies if possible, otherwise it may simply remove the package that you installed in order to resolve the problem.

Go ahead and run:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

Then run this again:

sudo apt-get -f install

If you still get the same error, remove and add the repository you just added.
Let me know how it goes.


How to know which file is the median depending on its size

Assumptions:

The title says you want the median-sized file, and the body suggests you want the median-sized directory.  I'll assume you mean directory.
The directories are exactly one level deep - that is, you have directories a, b, c etc., but not a/x.
If multiple directories have the same size, you are happy with the result being any one of them.
There are exactly 99 directories.

If any of these assumption is incorrect, please say and I'll try to update the answer.

The command du will tell you the size of everything in each directory, printing for each directory the size and the name.  This will give you 100 lines: your 99 directories and one for the parent directory.

The command sort -g can sort the results in order of the numeric first field, which is the size.  The median of 99 results will now be at the 50th line.

The command tail can select the 50th line.

So combine these:

cd ~/wherever/
du | sort -g | tail -n +50


Go to Ubuntu Classic is my recommendation for the moment. When you are in the Login Window look in the lower right part of the screen. There is an option there that you can change to select what Ubuntu interface you want to login to. The options are:

Ubuntu (Which is the one that has Unity)
Ubuntu Classic
Ubuntu Classic (No Effecs) <-- This is the one i use to solve many weird problems.


Permission denied to view a folder. I copied a file from one folder to the current folder

Add sudo in front of the command, you want to run as super user. It should look like

sudo cp -a /home/dinesh/pcre /usr/local/src/snort/snorttmp

Then enter your password and press Enter


How can i display php/html code output into terminal not browser?

It is hard to understand the question because the final output of PHP web sites is HTML code, which can be interpreted from the web browser but can't be interpreted from the terminal itself. This article sheds more light on this subject.

Let's assume we have pretty simple PHP program, called test.php, which looks like that:

$ cat /var/www/html/test.php

<?php
        print "\n";
        echo "
Hello World!
";

        print "\n";
        $a = '5';
        $b = '10';
        echo "The result is: " . $c = $b / $a . "";

        print "\n";
        print "\n";    # we need these lines to align the output into the terminal
?>

We can display the output of this code in several ways:

When we open this program in the web browser - as a web page - the result will looks like:

The actual result of our PHP program - page's source code is:

If test.php is executed as PHP program into the terminal, then we will get identical result - php test.php:

If we want to execute the same program into the terminal through the web interface we can use curl in this way - curl http://mysite.dev/test.php:

Or we can use wget in this way - wget -O - -q  http://mysite.dev/test.php:

If we want to see the result of the interpretation of the HTML code into the terminal, we must use some text-based web browser like as Lynx - lynx http://mysite.dev/test.php:


Allow a guest session wifi access with no users logged in

As per your comment (and mine)...

By default, connections are not shared publicly with every user on the system. In order to permit this, you need to manually enable this, which can be done either from the GUI or the terminal.

GUI Way

In the Network menu of a privileged account, select the Edit Connections option.
Select the wireless network you would like to share. Go to the General tab.
Select the All users may connect to this network option (see screenshot)

Click Save.

Terminal way

The network configs are saved in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections, so we just need to edit the proper file.

cd to /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections and run ls. Identify the network you want to alter (usually just your SSID). In this example, I will be editing the MySSID network.
Run the following command to open a text editor:

sudo nano MySSID

At the top of the file, you will see the [connections] section:

[connection]
id=MySSID
uuid=<redacted>
type=wifi
permissions=user:kazwolfe:;
secondaries=
timestamp=1490727919

Find the permissions= line, and delete everything after the = sign.  Your file should look like this:

[connection]
id=MySSID
uuid=<redacted>
type=wifi
permissions=
secondaries=
timestamp=1490727919

Save the file with Ctrl-X.
Restart NetworkManager to ensure your connection settings take effect.

In your specific case (the original question), it seems like it was just a fluke that something didn't get set properly somewhere, or a setting got out of sync. Delete the network profile (from either the terminal or the GUI) and re-connect to your network. Apply the settings as above, and it should work just fine. Alternatively, you can try to dig into the config file to see what's going on, but it's likely easier to just start over.

Also, be sure you don't have multiple conflicting network profiles for a single connection. This can cause some weird issues as some are or aren't given priority over each other, making things confusing to the system.


Ubuntu 12.04 icon panel - 1 icon for 2 windows

That's a feature of the Unity Desktop. Like any other UI, there are certain ways and animations that are present in the UI. It's not something that can really be changed.


Not aware of a specific distribution of Ubuntu suited for Droid. But I understand it can be hacked if one is willing to take the time.

I do not condone this, but here is the link:

http://www.droidforums.net/forum/hacking-help/97199-how-run-ubuntu-droid.html


To find all files in the home directory with jpg, jpeg, png, or gif extensions and copy them to ~/backup, try:

cd
find . -regex '.*\(jpg\|jpeg\|png\|gif\)' \! -path './backup/*' -exec echo cp -t backup {} +

How it works

cd

This makes the home directory, ~/, be the same as the current directory, ./.
find .

Look for files in the current directory
-regex '.*\(jpg\|jpeg\|png\|gif\)'

Restrict the results to files whose names end with jpg, jpeg, png, or gif.
\! -path './backup/*'

Omit files that are already in the backup directory.

Note that while -regex expects a regular expression as its argument,  -path expects a glob.  These are two very different forms which obey very different rules.
-exec echo cp -t backup {} +

Move the files found to the backup directory.


I had to unmount and fix sda4 which is my user directory.
umount /dev/sda4
fsck -y /dev/sda4
poweroff


error during the import of the files for MaaS with its stable release via ppa

It is missing the dependency - python-crochet. Had similar problem and it was solved by doing this. More on the solution can be found on https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/maas/+bug/1311765.


NETGEAR *Security Alert* [58:84:C7] almost on daily basis, should I do anything?

Unless you install a server service, and manually configure it to use insecure settings, then yes, Ubuntu is secure.  Also your router should be ignoring those requests unless you have explicitly configured it to forward them to your computer.


Simply start by installing r-cran-rjava from terminal

$ sudo apt-get install r-cran-rjava

Then from R, simply run this

install.packages('rJava')


Yes, you should - how else could you check for such possibilities?

apt-get update will update the repsitory data, both standard repositories and PPAs. With the updated information from the repositories, apt-get upgrade itself will review the package dependencies, and then inform you of any incompatibilities between packages in the main repositories or PPAs.


Wireless icon seen in tray but no wireless networks are seen

make sure the Wireless Adapter plugged in properly or turned on (if laptop)
also make sure you have the latest drivers for the deivce
moreover, you can do scan using terminal :

  iwconfig

it will tell you what are the available wifi cards, it will be something like wlan0 or wlan1
if you dont find your deivce that mean you have driver problem

  iwconfig wlan0

replace wlan0 with your device, mine is wlan0, and in the most cases it will be wlan0, unless you have plugged in multiple wifi cards


ssh connect to host port 22: Connection refused

By default docker containers do not expose any ports.
To expose port to your host you need to add the option: -p 22:22 to expose the port when you start running the container.
Example:
docker run -p 22:22 $CONTAINER_NAME
To permanatly expose a port in Docker you need to edit the Dockerfile for the container and rebuild it.
In the Dockerfile add the line.
EXPOSE 22
Not recommended to expose ssh port to a conatiner running in production.


Add script to System -> Preferences -> Startup Applications

Startup scripts, related to keyboard- or touchpad settings, or include wmctrl or xrandr commands often need "a little break" before running. If they run too early, before the desktop is fully loaded, they either break or "miss their target".
To solve that, you need to add:
/bin/bash -c "sleep 10 && /home/myuser/myscript.sh"

to your startup applications. Possibly you need to play a little with the sleep 10 value to optimize.
Note
Probably the script exists of only one or two commands, you could include them in your startup command, with the same syntax. That way you do not need a separate script.


How do I restore a linux boot partition?

(K)ubuntu 10.04 uses Grub2 and the good news is that you can restore the boot loader configuration and the MBR by booting up from the live CD. See instructions here - even though the title sounds like it is related to only recovering from windows installation, the steps there allow you to re-install the respective bootloader back on your system.

On a side-note, I think since you have upgraded from Kubuntu 9.04 your system will probably still use legacy grub boot-loader. Please check here for how to upgrade to grub2. This is strictly optional - there is a note there about why the normal upgrade process didn't change the boot-loader when you moved from 9.04 to 10.04.

Please comment if you need more info.


Ubuntu 18.10: visual artifacts (black bar) in dock if extend-height is disabled

It looks like a bug related to adaptive/dynamic opacity: https://github.com/micheleg/dash-to-dock/issues/814

To work around this temporarily, you can set the opacity to fixed:

Open Terminal and run

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock transparency-mode 'FIXED'

Reboot or re-login.


installed ubuntu 13.04 but no wireless or wired connection available

Not sure if this helps, but I was digging around trying to find a place you could download the drivers and then install them but here's what I found

WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx

And

Package: bcmwl-kernel-source

Hope this helps.


It looks like installing an old version of  vte-ng is incompatible with the the version gnome-terminal requires. This is a known bug as posted here.

https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=235680

https://www.reddit.com/r/archlinux/comments/87iush/psa_if_you_have_vte3ng_installed_you_have_to/

I had to run make uninstall from the vtg-ng folder I downloaded from GitHub to recover my gnome-terminal.


New ubuntu 14.04.1 updates broke ssl components

AllowOverride None is now the default for Apache 2.4, so you need to explicitly allow overrides if you plan to use .htaccess files. If you intend to use mod_rewrite or other settings in .htaccess files, you can allow which directives declared in that file can override server configuration. After the updates, AllowOverride None was added to my apache2.conf file which I completely ignored. Once I hashed out all the directives in apache2.conf, the sites were back up.


To see and be able to recover files, you should mount your partition clone. If the clone is OK, you should be able to issue the command:

sudo mount /dev/<partitionname> /mnt

where /mnt is the directory where the data from the partition specified by partitionname would appear.


See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ResizeWubiDisk

You have to boot from a live CD/USB. This won't work while running Wubi.
Backup the root.disk (not required, but a good idea)
Mount the NTFS partition that your root.disk is on (this example assumes it's /dev/sda1 and the mountpoint is /media/win - adjust accordingly in the following instructions):

sudo mkdir -p /media/win
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /media/win
Check the size of the root.disk (not required)

du -h --apparent-size /media/win/ubuntu/disks/root.disk
Run fsck on the root.disk

fsck -f /media/win/ubuntu/disks/root.disk
Resize - specify the desired final size (this example resizes to 10 GB)

resize2fs /media/win/ubuntu/disks/root.disk 10G
Reboot back into Wubi Ubuntu


shutdown -h now most likely.

I don't believe you can cancel it. That's like cancelling the stopping of a service.

You don't want that.


You can choose the Ubuntu Classic desktop from your login screen. Or you can goto "Login Screen" settings and make the Ubuntu Classic the default choice. To run "Login Screen" settings press Alt+F2 and type gdmsetup.

Though the Ubuntu Classic desktop is only available in Ubuntu 11.04 but it will not be there in Ubuntu 11.10.

Mark have already mentioned about that Ubuntu Classic fallback will not be part of Oneiric,

  "We made very good progress on a11y in Natty, but will miss the goal
  of perfect a11y. We'll nail it in Oneiric. That's OK, because we have
  the Classic desktop fallback in Natty, but will not in Oneiric."


Headphones not working after installing Ubuntu 16.04

I am also a newbie to Ubuntu installed it just last week on my PC :) This helped me and I hope this helps you too ;)

Here is a snap of what my Unity GUI tells me about the Sound settings.

Go to the sound Settings -> Press the super key / winkey (Ex-Windows user) and type sound.
On the Output tab select the Headphones that is connected to the system.
Un-mute and change the output volume value.

I use VLC player so I changed some settings over there and made it stick into the changelog.

Open VLC Player
Select Tools | Preferences from the menu.
Open the Audio Tab and select All option at the bottom.This should result in a screen 'Advanced Preferences'.
Change the Audio -> Output module to ALSA audio output.
Save the setting - using the Save Button in the lower left of the Screen.
Close the VLC Player (the setting will be applied the next time you open VLC)
Open VLC Player and select Tools | Preferences | Audio | Output modules | ALSA
If the USB Headphones you use are not in the list, then select the Refresh button.
Select the USB Headphones you use from the list, then select the Save button.

I did tinker around with a few other commands that I found here (link1, link2, link3)

Truth be told I am a newbie to this place and this is my first answer. I hope I helped at least a bit ＿φ(°-°=)


I believe you need to have a second package that is Architecture: i386-only and Multi-arch: foreign:

Package: mybuildsystem
Architecture: amd64
Depends: mybuildsystem-i386, <amd64 stuff>

Package: mybuild-system-i386
Architecture: i386
Depends: libncurses5-dev
Multi-Arch: foreign

Because1:

  Multi-Arch: foreign

  The package is not co-installable with itself, but should be allowed to satisfy the dependencies of a package of a different arch from itself.


Why are the VLC shortcuts (stop/previous/next) greyed out in the tray?

You are using an app indicator for vlc provided by the sni-qt package, not a systray vlc icon. The reason that those buttons are greyed out is because they don't work.

Overall the indicator for vlc is pretty poor & has been that way ever since sni-qt came out. No one has fixed it so it remains just as you've seen for the last 2 years..


Why are some Windows shares not available?

Sounds like a permissions issue on the Windows side. Can you access it via other Windows machines?

Check the permissions (read permissions) on the media directory since it isn't in the users home directory.


Security warning from Facebook in Chromium

This is a bug in Facebook. Simply delete Facebook from your Online Accounts and you should not get this error message in your browser. A work around has already been released for Saucy and Quantal/Raring's ones are being prepared.


I had the same problem when I installed extra themes and used them. If you have done so, you should revert to the basic theme and test it. In case the problem still persists, provide more error details so someone who has more knowledge can help you on this.


Why does Unity and Unity 2D use different config systems? (DConf and GConf)

GConf if being replaced by DConf. New applications should use the latter. However, Unity 3D is based on Compiz, which itself still uses GConf. So Unity 3D inherits from that. Unity 2D is new, so it uses DConf.

The parts of Unity that isn't shown, such as data providers, scopes and lenses, are stored in DConf.


Split a sentence into multiple sentences using key strings

Iterate word-by-word and append newlines before each keyword if you see one.

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
word_list=['Problem:','Cause:',
           'Solution:','User:']
with open(sys.argv[1]) as f:
    for line in f:
       for word in line.strip().split():
           if word in word_list:
               print("\n"+word,end=" ")
           else:
               print(word,end=" ")


how to install google earth on ubuntu mate 16.04

In this case, lsb-core is just fine, and is definitely stable enough for your needs.

All you really need to do is pop open a terminal and run the following command:

sudo apt -f install

Then, let apt do its magic and install everything it needs to install. Google Earth will automatically be added to the install list, and will be configured.


Anyone able to run Ubuntu 20.10 or 20.04.1 LTS on new Dell XPS 13 9310 Touch laptop?

Your new machine is certified to run, but the kernel used for the certification is higher than the one that ships with Ubuntu 20.04. What I would suggest is that you grab the Dell-made installation .iso from Dell themselves. Enter your service tag, and you’ll get the proper image that includes all the drivers you’ll need for the network, Bluetooth, touch screen, and everything else.
The installation process with the Dell image should be pretty much the same as the stock installation process.
Hope this helps.


I am trying to use kivy on python with Pycharm

If someone will ever encounter with this problem or similar one, I've found the solution. One of the steps doesn't have the necessary package. I manually install this package and my problem was solved. sdl2_ttf


Assuming you used the same Mac to burn the ISO to the DVD, there's presumably no problem with the DVD drive.

Can you run Ubuntu LiveCD?

If not, the I/O error sounds like it may indicate a problem with the DVD.  I had problems installing 13.04 on a Mac using a few-years-old DVD-RW.  Went to the store and got a different brand of DVD; that solved the problem.  Also check that the speed at which you're burning the disk is compatible.  Heck, even if you can run LiveCD, it may be that there are bad sectors on the disk that prevent full installation.  The DVDs are made differently and some (generally the more expensive, of course) are more compatible with the ISO and your Mac than are others.

If it's not the DVD then what I've seen on the forums indicates a possible RAM error.  You might check the forums as there are some questions on I/O errors and RAM.  Here's hoping it's just a faulty/cheap DVD.


Backup tool for Ubuntu applications similar to one offered by Linux Mint

You're most likely referring to the Timeshift application.
You can install it on Ubuntu 20.04 too. It's available in the universe repo. If universe is enabled, you can install it by running the following command in Terminal:
sudo apt install timeshift


I'm trying to get Ubuntu alongside with Windows 7

I think what you actually mean is that you cannot boot Windows when you select it in Grub menu as it happens often when Windows partition is changed from outside, e.g. Ubuntu.

And the solution for this problem is: using Windows Recovery Disk to repair Windows boot manager. If you haven't created already you can even download a small iso file from the internet and either write it to a CD or even a USB stick using MultiSystem live USB creator utility which you can install under Ubuntu.


Problem Dual Booting Ubuntu with Windows 8

Perhaps windows remains the default startup option in the UEFI/BIOS (They look the same but i expect you have UEFI if your computer is so new). Ive noticed on my computer that Ubuntu doesnt change the default boot option. Therefore, it will never go to the Ubuntu bootloader (grub2).

I suggest starting up in the UEFI by holding f2 upon startup, then selecting Ubuntu as the default startup option.

If you dont have Ubuntu as an option in that screen, or you do and it doesnt work, then there is an issue with the installation. I suggest re-creating the live USB in WIndows then trying boot repair. You may need to disable 'UEFI secure boot' to boot from the liveUSB - I had to, because the LiveUSB was unsigned.

If the Ubuntu default boot gives you an error about the signature instead of starting up - it means Ubuntu grub2 is working and UEFI is blocking the boot (because UEFI secure boot is enabled). You could just leave secure boot disabled but this exposes every OS on your computer to the related risk.

An unsigned Ubuntu installation can be fixed by running boot repair to install the signature key, so that you can boot Ubuntu with 'UEFI secure boot' enabled. In boot repair advanced options look for the option that mentions secure boot or signature. (Dont select or say yes to any option to create backup of EUFI/boot files, it will disable the windows bootloader)


Check CPU and other hardware components in Lubuntu

you could try Psensor, you can download it in the Ubuntu software center. It gives you a desktop app which shows you the temperature of te cores, cpu, cpu load and the bridge temperatures.

it also enables you to set warnings for certain temperatures.


ubuntu 18.04 workspace to dock extension

you should try

apt install gnome-shell-extension-workspaces-to-dock

or install grom github

wget https://github.com/passingthru67/workspaces-to-dock/archive/master.zip -O /tmp/master.zip
unzip /tmp/master.zip -d /tmp/
#create extension folder if needed
mkdir '~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/'
mv '/tmp/workspaces-to-dock-master/workspaces-to-dock@passingthru67.gmail.com' '~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/workspaces-to-dock@passingthru67.gmail.com'
rm /tmp/master.zip
rm -rf /tmp/workspaces-to-dock-master/

then restart gnome-shell (Alt+F2, r, return)


The basic rsync command to backup the whole filesystem of a server is:

rsync -av --delete --numeric-ids \
    --exclude="/proc/*" \
    --exclude="/sys/*" \
    --exclude="/DIRECTORY/" \
    root@server:/ /backup/directory/

Strongly recommended: first run rsync with -n option to simulate the transfer, so that you can add specific exclude rules (and check that the --delete is not removing wrong files).

You need ssh running on the server you want to backup. You may need to add a SSH key to your server, and put the rsync command in a shell script, run by cron to do nightly backups or so.

man rsync is a very comprehensive documentation.


when i am cloning in to website it shows error

try cloning without using ssh, try with http. It might help you.


rename stopped working after upgrading from Ubuntu 17.04 to Ubuntu 17.10

Click on Activities, search for "Software & Updates" and launch it. Then check the "Community-maintained free and open-source software (universe)" option if it's unchecked.

Then open Terminal and run

sudo apt update
sudo apt install rename

to install rename.


What does this mean & what impact does it have: Failed to download repository information

Generally it means that this repository is offline or does not exist anymore.
You can remove it in software center, just click Edit in top bar and then in Software Sources, a new window should appear. In the new window go to the 2nd tab, then select and remove the pmcenery repository.


Besides all that is listed in Ubuntu's own troubleguide, have checked where your sound output is?

Go to sound settings, see if you have more then built-in audio.
check Alsa mixer by going to the terminal and type alsamixer. Use the displayed controls to change settings to that all are on your sound card.


Ubuntu 14.04 Backup is running automatically and running into a permission error

Start Backups from System Settings, and click on Storage Locations in the left pane.  Make sure that the directory listed there is correct.


Take a look in /etc/X11/app-defaults.  Many of the files have scrollbar colors set for applications. e.g. for the XTerm-color:

*VT100.scrollbar.background:    gray60
*VT100.scrollbar.foreground:    rgb:a/5/5

Change the VT100 to Firefox, change the colors to what you want, and put the lines into a new file /etc/X11/app-defaults/Firefox
Next time you start X, the new defaults should be present. (Haven't actually tried this myself).


Run this command on your terminal:

$ source ~/anaconda3/bin/activate root
$ anaconda-navigator


You can find an answer here What happened to the ia32-libs package?

You can still install it using synaptic

sudo apt-get install synaptic

then just find your package there


Can I replace casper-rw file from another live usb to have its content copied?

Copying a casper-rw file or partition has always worked for me.

You have to make sure that the word persistence is included in txt.cfg for an install made with Startup Disk Creator or in syslinux.cfg for an install made with UNetbootin.

For a grub2 type install made with mkusb the word persistence should be located in grub.cfg.

You can place the word persistence on the kernel line one space after --.

The following is similar for each case:

 linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-16.10-desktop-amd64.iso splash -- persistent

You can not reuse the casper-rw file or partition in an upgrade of Ubuntu.
You can reuse a home-rw file or partition after an upgrade.

If you are using mkusb as the installer you can even place the persistence partition on your hard drives root or on a second flash drive with a partition formatted ext2 or ext4 and labeled casper-rw.

You can copy and paste a persistent partition using gparted.

Backing up persistent partitions should be done with dd or mkusb which puts a layer of safety around dd. Clonezilla is even a better choice as it ignores empty space.

These preserve the partition's UUID so that programs such as VBox do not require re-installation.


The Themes Collection by NoobsLab PPA has an interesting selection of themes for all currently supported versions of Ubuntu up to 16.04. To add this PPA to your software sources open the terminal and run the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
sudo apt-get update

Then you can install popular themes from the default Ubuntu repositories, like MBuntu, which resembles Mac OS X Yosemite, Numix and several other themes.


Never mind. I got the answer here:
ALX on AR8191 does not appear to be working 15.04.

https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/iwlwifi?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iwlwifi-2000-ucode-18.168.6.1.tgz

UPDATE : A correction to suggested duplicate. I have mistaken and offered the wrong link.


You want to install Samba. By terminal or through Software center. You can then setup to view your Ubuntu files on a Windows computer. To do this you need to tell Samba what folders you want to share like Music or Pictures. Go to Samba and click the green add button. THat will let you add a folder to be shared.  However, I have not figured out how to view files from Windows computers on Ubuntu yet...


You can't just assume the USB stick will be called /dev/sdb.  You need to know what it is called.

The install window will only show a limited amount of device options, so you need to scroll through them by putting your mouse pointer over the device list, and scrolling the mouse wheel up and down.   In your screen-shot, you have a lot of partitions on /dev/sda, and they are taking up all the visible space in the window, so any other devices will be below those partitions.

The slider that you can grab to scroll through the window is skinny (and orange), so you might not know it's there if you're not familiar with Ubuntu.  This might lead you to believe the only options you have are those currently in front of your eyes.  You can move your mouse point over the skinny slider, and it will get fatter, so you can grab it and move it up and down.

You can figure out what your system calls your USB stick by opening Disks, and then plugging in the USB stick, while watching to see which new device pops up.  You can then see the device name, something like /dev/sdb, or /dev/sdc, etc..


Shortcut to get back to previous folder in PCManFM

I found the follwing shortcuts:

Alt+Left / Right for navigating the folders history back and forth
Backspace for going to parent folder

Thanks to @DKBose and @Gyru for the useful comments.

NOTE: this is actually readily visible under the Go menu. Thanks @guiverc


How to configure two servers with two charsets on Irssi

I found the solution in a huge search of irssi setups, so I'm gonna post it here. I'm sure it will help others, as well:

Before of the settings, define conversions:

conversions = {
    "Hispano" = "ISO-8859-15";
    "Freenode" = "UTF-8";
};

Then we can the defaults in settings > core:

recode_out_default_charset = "UTF-8";
recode_fallback = "UTF-8";
recode_autodetect_utf8 = "yes";
recode_transliterate = "yes";
recode = "yes";

Finally, in settings > fe-common/core:

/set term_charset UTF-8

This is the default charset of the terminal. I'm using UTF-8 in my terminal (Konsole).

There is no documentation about it in the official irssi web page. I could find a very good explanation on this site. As the author explains, we can use commands to define a different charset for every server, channel... For example:

/recode add freenode/gee ISO-8859-1

It will define the charset ISO-8859-1 on channel #gee on Freenode.


I have this on my 12.04 LTS autorun.inf:

[autorun]
open=wubi.exe --cdmenu
icon=wubi.exe,0
label=Install Ubuntu

[Content]
MusicFiles=false
PictureFiles=false
VideoFiles=false


How does apt handle circular dependencies?

Circular dependencies happen in the repositories, but the ones left standing obey some specific rules.

Usually these are tightly bound packages (such as between g++-4.6 and libstdc++6-4.6-dev, or perl and perl-modules), so the Depends relationship between them specify the exact version number. For example, g++-4.6 4.6.3-1ubuntu5 depends on libstdc++6-4.6-dev (= 4.6.3-1ubuntu5), and libstdc++6-4.6-dev 4.6.3-1ubuntu5 on g++-4.6 (= 4.6.3-1ubuntu5). Such packages are always installed, upgraded or removed together. As to the algorithm that apt-get uses, I don't know, but you can read up on the aptitude algorithm on the aptitude creator's page.


Deleted files accidentally from encrypted home folder and now stuck in login loop

Yes, it is possible in recovery mode or with a LiveCD, if you didn't delete the key file (and remember your pass phrase).

From your description I suspect you use ecryptfs to encrypt your home directory. Ubuntu Community has an extensive help page about it. Section 7 is likely going to be of high interest to you.


I would try to change the ubuntu mirror from where you're trying to download updates.

Open Software Sources and in the Ubuntu Software tab change the download from server to another one.

then try updating again.


Where does the output of a script that was run at startup go?

Generally system startup scripting stdout is directed to the console device unless it is explicitly directly elsewhere within the specific startup script.


How can I see a list of all open windows in a panel in Unity?

I have developed an application indicator which shows a list of open windows. To keep with the Unity one-panel style, windows are accessed from an icon on the indicator panel.
Window-List
Category: Other, Window Management
Window-list displays a list of current open desktop windows. Windows can be activated by selecting them from the menu list.

Window-List is available for all versions of Ubuntu running Unity.
install via ppa:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jwigley/window-list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install window-list

deb package is also available from the launchpad repository.
run application by:
window-list

Once installed, open a window in the list by a right click.


How can I find out what is locking my home directory?

Maybe iotop can help finding the process which is doing excessive disk I/O at that time...

Other possibility maybe a failing harddisk or a problem with the harddisk controller...


Is there ongoing work in the kernel team to improve battery life under linux?

A lot of effort was put into the Precise 12.04 LTS release to address a lot of the major power sucking issues that we had identified, such as the Intel i915 rc6 GPU power saving, PCIe ASPM, processes that caused too many wakeup events and also to reduce disk I/O (for example daemons writing to the disk too frequently).

There is a Wiki page devoted to this work: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/PowerManagement

The newer Quantal 12.10 release will be using the newer 3.5 (or even possibly 3.6) kernel will mean we pick up a lot of upstream power management savings, for example in the recent ACPI driver.

Unfortunately, trying to make Ubuntu as efficient as closed proprietary hardware is difficult without full disclosure of how the hardware works and is configured.  For example, powering down some devices may require special knowledge of the underlying physical components.

Power saving is a non-trivial issue, and sometimes bugs in the firmware (BIOS) can lead to sub-optimal configurations, or maybe drivers are based on binary blobs which we have little or no control over.

As for on-going work, there is a project page where bugs can be filed against mis-behaving applications that allow us to focus on fixing power sucking issues:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-power-consumption

I also have some blog articles on this work:

http://smackerelofopinion.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/power

Hope this helps.


How to list all symbolic links in a directory

Parsing ls is a Bad Idea®, prefer a simple find in that case:

find . -type l -ls

To only process the current directory:

find . -maxdepth 1 -type l -ls

Credits: How do I make the shell to recognize the file names returned by a `ls -A` command, and these names contain spaces?


All of the snap settings are stored in ~/snap/ then whatever app it is. Usually the settings are stored in a current sub folder that points to the version that is being ran.  Ex.  GIMP is stored in folder ~/snap/gimp/current which actually points to ~/snap/gimp/252 as it is the current installed version.  In that sub folder you should be able to find the .config folder that you can drop in plugins, etc.

One thing to remember is that the actual snaps are sandboxed and secured so you will not be able to add directly to the snap app itself.


Can I open several files with the same extension without typing the extension through cmd?

Simple as this:

yourprog {file1,file2,file3}.png

Note that this is intended only for files in current  directory


Go to Mozilla website for plug-in. Install flash-aid or flash-video-replacer.

EDIT: flash-video-replacer is no longer offered


How is your GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line configured (do a cat /etc/default/grub to view the output)?

You may want to consider adding the following kernel boot parameters:

quiet = Don't show terminal output unless an error occurs
splash= Show splash theme, if available
nomodeset = Do not load video drivers until X is loaded

For the sake of testing, I'd recommend that you add these parameters one at a time and test (with a reboot) before proceeding. With the nomodeset parameter in particular, on some machines, it is known to generate a black screen after booting into the desktop.

Note: whenever you make changes to your grub file, you need to run sudo update-grub to generate a new grub cfg file in /boot.

Rich


How to install Ubuntu using a smart phone as the installation media?

Yes, it's possible
Using only an Android phone with internet, root and a USB Cable, you can emulate a flash drive with your Android phone using an app called DriveDroid. However, this is not officially supported and you may be better off asking a local Linux enthusiast (or anyone else who has a working computer) to burn a LiveCD for you.

If you still want to use DriveDroid though, here is a tutorial:

Open the app and choose the + on the lower bar
Choose to download an image and to download Ubuntu and go through any additional steps
Go to the image list and choose the new Ubuntu option
If asked for emulation mode, choose read-only USB
Connect phone to PC if you haven't already and boot from the USB (depends on PC manufacturer)
(optional) When Ubuntu boots, choose to try Ubuntu, mount the Windows partition and move any files you want to rescue to the flash drive (if possible). If the partition is corrupted, look up a way to recover partitions in Linux
If you chose to skip 6, choose to Install ubuntu and follow the instructions on screen. If you followed 6, open the Install Ubuntu app on desktop and follow instructions on screen Note: While installing Ubuntu, you may want to remove the physical USB (so that you don't accidentally install on it)
Reboot, unplug your phone when asked to and enjoy!

The app DriveDroid is available on Google Play with searching or this link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.softwarebakery.drivedroid


Ubuntu installation hangs at partition menu

If you are installing Ubuntu desktop, it will sense the windows partition, then ask you if you want to keep the windows partition, and install Ubuntu alongside, or delete the windows partition, and use the whole disk for Ubuntu. After answering this question, you should be able to use the default disk partition it provides, and not go into the partition menu at all.


I have made the same observation. IBus, which is enabled by default in Ubuntu, has some built-in compose table rules, but at the same time it seems to disable the functionality provided by libx11.

From some sources it's said that ~/.XCompose is recognized together with uim. So a possible solution for you (untested) might be to install and enable the uim IM framework and start using uim-anthy instead of ibus-anthy.

Edit:

I was curious, so I tested. uim seems to work. Can't tell how convenient it is to use Anthy with uim instead of ibus, though.


Ubuntu 12.04 kernel 3.8 Wireless not working (BCM43142 chipset)

Using the 3.13 kernel you will likely have to download from https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/trusty/+package/bcmwl-kernel-source
Download the 32 or 64 bit depending on your install


Copy and paste doesn't work in the terminal

There are different ways to mark/copy and paste in linux. One of them works in all terminal emulators that I know, including xterm.

1. The linux mark and paste method - 'middle clicking'

Mark the text, that you want to paste by pressing the left mouse button and move the mouse. (You can left click twice to mark a word or three times to mark a line.)
Move the mouse cursor to where you want to paste the text.
Press the middle button or scrolling wheel (like it were a button). If no middle button, press the left and right buttons at the same time.

In a terminal window, the text will be pasted at the cursor position. This works in the same terminal window, in another terminal window as well as in other programs, for example Firefox and gedit.

2. A method that works in many but not all terminal windows

2.1 Via menus

Mark the text, that you want to paste by pressing the left mouse button and move the mouse.
Use a pull-down or right-click menu and select 'Copy' (to clipboard).
Move the mouse cursor to where you want to copy the text.
Use a pull-down or right-click menu and select 'Paste'

2.2 hotkey combination with ctrl

Mark the text, that you want to paste by pressing the left mouse button and move the mouse.
Press shift + ctrl + c to 'Copy' (to clipboard).
Press shift + ctrl + v to 'Paste' into another terminal window.
Press ctrl + v to 'Paste' into a normal GUI application program, for example Firefox or Gedit.


Oldfred's comment contains all the necessary steps.  What happened is that a filesystem was put directly on the sdd instead of on a partition, so sdd really doesn't have any partition table -- it gets mounted like a file with the loop option.  Backup whatever you want to save on the disk, because putting a partition table on it will make what's there unreadable.  Then ensure the device is unmounted, and run your partition tool to first put on a partition table (your choice DOS or GPT -- see oldfred's link to decide).  Then you can make your partitions.

If you choose GPT, you can make however many you want (well up to some limit like 128 by default).  If you chose DOS, then you can make up to 4 primary partitions.  For more than four, you will need to make one primary partition an extended partition, and then you can make logical partitions within the extended partition.  For example, you make 4 partitions of type 83 (linux), of 250G each, filling up the disk.  Save the partition table.  Now, you need to make filesystems on the new, empty partitions with mkfs, for example:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdd1

Now the new partitions may be mounted, and files copied onto them.


You can use GNOME EncFS Manager as an alternative, it lets you import your old encrypted folders.

To install it from PPA , first run

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gencfsm/ppa
sudo apt-get update

Then install GNOME EncFS Manager by running

sudo apt install gnome-encfs-manager

Statutory warning: EncFS is not a very secure way to encrypt files, you may consider alternative methods.


MAAS HA config switching gateway on failover

Since your using the MAAS controllers as the gateway to the internet I would setup a VIP between the two. This would allow all deployed machines to be able to talk to the gateway no matter which MAAS controller is done. There is documentation on how to do this with MAAS in the documentation, Manage HA.


What's the difference between "service start foobar" and "foobar &"

service start and systemctl start are tool provided by the init system (upstart and systemd respectively) and as such they start daemons, which are very different from regular programms in that they run in the background and the user has little control over them directly. For example the cupsd (common unix printing system daemon) must run on a system in the background in order to be able to print. cupsd looks for local printers and listens for network printers. You can't print from libreoffice for example if cupsd isn't running.

You can't start daemons like normal programms of normal programms like daemons, i.e. you can't start firefox with service start or cupsd with "cupsd &".


Why I am not able to remove the charcter using sed?

You just need another backslash:

sed 's/\\r//' input.json

This is because sed interprets \r as a line return (character \U0E), but interprets \\r as a backslash and small r (two characters \U5C\U72).


Ubuntu 12.04.1amd64bit tls installation problem

Don't worry. A lot of people have that problem with Ubuntu. What happened is you did a legacy install even though your computer is booting in UEFI mode. To fix this, follow these instructions:

Boot into your Ubuntu LiveCD
Type Ctrl+Alt+T to open a Terminal session
Type sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install boot-repair && sudo boot-repair into Terminal, then type Enter
Choose the Recommended Repair
Follow the instructions you are given.
Reboot when done.
Profit! You now have a working dual-boot setup!


I was having the same problem in Ubuntu 20. Stopping snap service got the job done.
Read this instructions, it worked for me.
How to stop snapd from auto-updating?


Will my Live USB stick work if it already has another OS on it?

AFAIK, unless you make a multiboot USB, putting another OS in the same USB will not work. You can make a multiboot USB from ubuntu using MultiBootUSB or MultiSystem or follow the instructions here or here.


There's a bug filed in Launchpad on this issue:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bzr-eclipse/+bug/709210

Currently, I'm trying to install bzr-eclipse in Maverick 64bit running in Virtual Box. Let's what this gives.

Bazaar installation on command line works; verified by branching lp:bzr.


How do I create a Cairo-Dock launcher for Sage?

You should be able to right-click on any icon in the dock, and on the context menu choose Cairo-Dock > Add > Custom Launcher.  In the window that comes up, give the new launcher a name (presumably "Sage") and for "command to launch on click" type "sage".  Then expand "extra parameters" and tick the box for "run in terminal".


Can I change my devices from for example sda1 to sda2?

You can't change them you'd have to move the partitions around.

You can only have 4 primary partitions so:

Devices are named by their placement in the partition table of the disk ex:

sda1 is the first primary partition
sda2 is the second primary partition
sda3 is the third primary partition
sda4 is the fourth primary partition

Extended partition will take up a space on the primary partition table for the extended container like /dev/sda2 could be the start of an extended container therefore linux names the first extended partition sda5  to not conflict with the 4 primary partition device names.


How do I recover from a key constantly pressed overnight to login

I haven't tried an overnight test but a short test proves this will work:

Simultaneously press Shift+Home to highlight and tap Del to delete.

It should save you 8 hours of holding down the Back Space key.


How to figure out if a window is actually displayed on the screen using shell script?

Try this:

wmctrl -l | grep -i thunderbird


"phablet-flash: error: too few arguments" when installing Ubuntu Touch

As of version 1.0 (of phablet-tools) the syntax you need changes to:

phablet-flash cdimage-touch -b

See: phablet-flash -h OR http://sergiusens.github.io/posts/updates-to-phablet-flash.html

Verify what version you have with: dpkg -s phablet-tools | grep Version

This new version definitely works for Nexus 7 and Nexus 10, but I have not yet tried with Galaxy Nexus.


Would it be better to switch to dual booting or stick with Ubuntu in Virtual Box

Well, if you want to develop apps on *nix, you should switch to it. There are similar programs for almost everything you had on Windows, even for Visual Studio (for Mono/.NET I'd suggest MonoDevelop). Unity has native support for Ubuntu, IIRC.

The truth is, you can't sit on 2 seats. Dual-boot helps to ease your transfer to the new world and it's the next logical step after virtualization. It is intended for constructing the new workflow, smoothly moving all your stuff to it and finally cut off the old roots. This can be done because Ubuntu supports NTFS (Windows filesystem) while Windows doesn't support Ext4 (Linux basic FS).

After transfer, for most Windows-specific tasks you can virtualize Windows inside your *nix system just like you did before. This means that host will be Ubuntu (if you choose it; there are plenty of another choices) and guest will be Windows. There even exists VMWare, which virtualization level is slightly better than in VirtualBox.

So, back up and go forward. We have dozens of ton interesting things here.

So, if you want to copy all your files to the new system, there are 2 ways:

Move everything you need to shared folder, install Ubuntu, boot there and access files from there.

Pros:

Simple
Easy
Safe

Cons:

You can loose some important files which are not in home directory
You will have to tune up everything again
It takes longer time

And you can copy entire image to physical drive, install GRUB then just boot. Pros and Cons will be mirrored. Consult Migrate from a virtual machine (VM) to a physical system article for tips.


Unfortunately there's no way to set the date of a video in Shotwell 0.9.x.

But the good news is that this feature is already complete and will be in Shotwell 0.10!


HDIO get identity failed for dev/sdb invalid argument

This appears to be a problem with how drivers behave with certain external USB hard drives.
hdparm -i /dev/???

produces this error. There seems to be rumor of an eventual fix but they say the error can be safely ignored until then.
References:

forum.wdlxtv.com: "Hdparm error (invalid argument)"
sourceforge.net: "Inappropriate ioctl for device"


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. What is the best and most reliable method to mount a NTFS partition?

Add the disc to /etc/fstab. Your create a backup and can edit the file with these 2 lines:

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.old
gksudo gedit /etc/fstab

Example:

This assumes sda3 is your ntfs partition and it should be mounted into /media/windows/

/dev/sda3   /media/windows  ntfs    defaults    0   0

So change sda3 to your partitionname and the windows directory name to something you like better. You can use fdisk to see what ntfs is named in Ubuntu:

sudo fdisk -l


Not enough space when trying to transfer files from one HDD to another

First I had to check the size of the folder to copy and the free space in the target folder  with du -sh standing on each directory in the terminal.

Then sudo rsync -asv -P /path_to_copy_from/(here will be what is copied) /path_to_copy_to/


gedit scroll area stops short of the screen - am I missing something?

There is a documented bug about this.

Three methods of dealing with it that I know of:

Live without scrolling by page the way you would like to or are used to.
Workaround by using a different method of scrolling full pages (e.g. PgUp/PgDn keys, assigning some modifier key to make scrollwheel scrolling go by page, etc.)
Following some of the links and linked bugs in that page I found someone suggested using the xrandr program to fool the computer into stopping his mouse just short of the edge.  This was mentioned in comment 10 of bug 206837.


After installing 'World of Goo'...very bad things happened...help?

My current guess would be that the unclean shutdown of Linux causes file system corruption and in turn loss of some files. But only files currently opened/written should be affected, Firefox, Gnome or KDE settings would be obvious candidates, while other files should be fine. Which files exactly did you lose?

Some file systems are extremely susceptible to those problems, namely I had so much issues with XFS that I would recommend to stay the hell away from that. With other file systems I never had those issues, namely Ext3 always worked just fine even with regular system crashes. Ext4 had those issues early in development, but it should have been fixed since then and I didn't have issues with that either so far. Which file system are you using?

As for data recovery, there is no automatic system wide backup/undo/restore in Linux. However your Firefox bookmarks might still be fine, as Firefox keeps backups of them in:

~/.mozilla/firefox/{PROFILE}/bookmarkbackups/


Flash drive (ext4) permissions across computers issue

I have solved this issue! (After a lot of research). See the (rather lengthy) answer below.

Note: I believe this solution will also work for ntfs file systems, which have the same 'quirk'.

Problem:

This issue has all to do with user id's and group id's.

An ext4 file system is owned by one user, but its ownership is recognised by that user's user id  or uid rather than the user name. It is usually also owned by that user's group, which has the same id (group id or gid, i.e. if uid=1002  gid=1002) In other words, if user 'A' owns the file system on one computer and has the uid 1001, user 'E' on another computer who also has the uid of 1001 automatically owns the file system.

Ubuntu user id's start at 1000, meaning that as I am the only user on my computer, my uid is 1000. On the other computer, however, my uid is 1001. This is why it mounts under the main user on that computer. It is mounting under the same uid.

Solution:

As said above, a file system owned by a user is usually owned by their group. User groups can contain more than one user, so you can add yourself to the group which owns the file system.

You can use:

sudo adduser [user] [group] or sudo usermod -a -G [group name] [user name]

(For more info on these commands, see this question.)

to add a user to an existing user's group, giving them access to files owned by that user.

Add your user to the group, make sure that the owner's group has full access to the file system, and problem solved!


Trying to make file executable on USB, but the permission doesn't "stick"

You can't chmod fat32 files... . only linux filesystems "accept" linux permissions.

Easiest way would be to execute it from your home folder, for instance.... Copy it there and chmod it, then execute it as you were trying before, but at the new location.

Also you can check this: How can I run an executable from a CD when it doesn't have the executable bit set?. Basically, it talks about knowing if the file is really a binary one or it's a text script with the .bin extension. If this is the case, you can execute it with bash, python, ruby or whatever.


Are you looking for Workrave?

http://www.workrave.org/


Open your firefox,input about:config into address bar。

found gfx.color_management.mode

set the value of 0, Disable color management.

the reference linking


How to install Hooli theme (or any other in fact)?

Inorder to have the similar look which is in your linked page.
you need to have Hooli Gnome Shell Theme & MacOS sierra Icon Themes.

Download those from below links.

https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1102901/startdownload?file_id=1493631666&file_name=Hooli.zip&file_type=application/zip&file_size=247431

https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1210856/startdownload?file_id=1543864792&file_name=v0.8.6.2.tar.gz&file_type=application/x-gzip&file_size=33719904

Right Click them and Extract Here

now you have required folders.
1. Macos-sierra-CT-0.8.6.2 which is for icons theming.
2. Hooli which is for User Shell theming.

we need to put these folders into either home folder or in /usr/share/.......

i will explain to put it in home folder.

first check in the home folder, .themes & .icons folders exist or not.
to see hidden files press CTRL+H. it should show files & folders that starts with .(dot)

if .themes & .icons folders are not there, create them.

now put Macos-sierra-CT-0.8.6.2 folder in .icons folder
& Hooli folder in .themes folder

you have successfully installed the icon & User Shell Themes.

you need to choose them. how to?

for this easiest, way is to install gnome-tweaks if you have not yet installed, install it by
sudo apt update && sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

you also need to install User Themes extension, install it from Ubuntu Software.

Now, open gnome-tweaks and select the icon & user shell theme.


Wow, this was excruciating. Here's how I did it (NB, for a 32-bit system):

$sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib
$sudo apt-get install m4
Download mpfr, configure, make, make install
Download gmp, configure, make, make install
Download mpc, configure, make, make install
In order to compensate for insufficient path information, added this to .bashrc

  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

  export LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu export

  export C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu export

  export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu

the former I got from here and the latter from here, modified appropriately for my install locations.

.7. Add these symlinks for the same reason:

  $sudo ln -s /usr/include/i386-linux-gnu/gnu/stubs-32.h /usr/include/gnu

  $sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/crti.o /usr/lib/crti.o

  $sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/crt1.o /usr/lib/crt1.o

  $sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/crtn.o /usr/lib/crtn.o

  $sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmpc.so.3
  /usr/lib/libmpc.so.3

.8. Download g++-4.7.1, configure, make, make install


Non-X/Non-GUI terminal emulator for Ubuntu Server

Kermit emulates all kinds of terminals. DEC VT52, VT100, VT102, VT220, VT320 terminals,  the Heath/Zenith-19 terminal and Tektronix graphics 4010/4014 terminals are all build in but others can be made on the run.

It runs on many clients. I run mine on a DOS 8086 (thats pre XT), a DOS 80286 and Windows10. It also runs on ANY linux, unix, DOS, atari, commodore, MSX, android, Apple  and windows machine. It might be a bit complicated in the beginning but all commands and ini files etc. are the same on all platforms so like with linux once learned used everywhere.
Kermit is free.


How do i change the icon of an empty document to white?

Enter gedit - go to its Preferences on the upper menubar (it is the second from the left) - there you can change Color scheme.


Can I shorten automatic shut down time from 60s to 5?

There's no way to configure the timeout currently, and in fact the timeout has been removed.  But there is a couple of wishlist bugs to add it back and make it configurable that you might be interested in commenting on:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/indicator-session/+bug/623804

and

https://bugs.launchpad.net/indicator-session/+bug/607575

You shouldn't shutdown a user session with "sudo shutdown -h now" but should instead tell the session you want to shutdown with "gnome-session-save --logout" or if there are programs inhibiting the layout "gnome-session-save --force-logout".


How to call a custom executable or script in termnial directly with name?

To run the executable (or script) from within ~/scode:

$ ./executableFileName

Or create a directory named ~/bin and copy the executable (or script) to the directory:

$ mkdir ~/bin
$ cp path_to_your_executable ~/bin

Now you can directly call executable (script) with the name:

$ executableFileName

(To call the executable (or script) with sudo or to make it available to other users as well, copy to /bin or /usr/bin instead.)


What are the differences between the Alestic and UEC AMI images?

Short answer:

There is no difference.  Alestic.com simply lists the same Ubuntu AMIs as ubuntu.com, and those AMIs are published by Canonical, not by me.

Long answer:

I publish the web site http://Alestic.com

I used to publish unofficial Ubuntu AMIs under the name "alestic", primarily in 2007-2009 (Ubuntu ).  I worked with Canonical to transfer this work to them and now Canonical has paid employees who publish official Ubuntu AMIs.  Canonical builds the AMIs for Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Hardy through the present (Ubuntu 11.10) and into the future.

Since a lot of people came to the Alestic.com web site to find out what the latest Ubuntu AMIs were, I continue listing the ids of the Ubuntu AMIs from Caninical in the table at the top of the web site. I clearly identify which AMIs are published by "Canonical" (almost all of them today) but the myth that I publish all of them keeps reappearing from time to time.

I'm looking at changes to wording and layout on the site to better communicate the truth, while continuing to provide the service of listing the AMIs.

Note: There is one series of active Ubuntu server AMIs that I still publish under the name "alestic".  Canonical publishes an instance-store AMI for Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Hardy, but no EBS boot AMI.  I copy the image published by Canonical (exactly, no changes) and publish an EBS boot AMI for Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Hardy.  There are a few companies that depend on this, but it is not recommended if you are just getting started.

Note2: I occasionally publish public AMIs for specific tasks/configurations.  For example, I have been experimenting with public AMIs for running a Git server with gitolite: http://alestic.com/alestic-git/

Note3: I create custom AMIs for various companies, but most of these are private.


How to Highlight code of Libreoffice Math

It may be possible to do this by writing your own macro. To do this, write an event listener for a particular keystroke, for example % like in Vi.

According to xray, the controller of the LO Math component supports XUserInputInterception, which looks like it allows interception of keystrokes.

Although it looks possible, it looks like a difficult project, as I do not see any examples on the web to follow.


In the official documentation for VNC servers, there's an entry about krfb which
seems to be the default vnc server for Kubuntu.

I'll assume this is what you're using.

It says:

To configure krfb, go to System Settings > Sharing > Desktop Sharing > Configure....

1. To set krfb to request access each time, tick Confirm uninvited connections before accepting

So, to get what you need (don't ask every time for a password ask every time the same configured password and not generating a different one every time), you should untick the option Confirm uninvited connections before accepting.

DISCLAIMER

Please make sure to setup a secure password on the Password field.

UPDATE

To make the password persist, the correct procedure for Kubuntu >= 17.10 looks like this:

tick the option "Enable desktop sharing"
set a password for desktop sharing
tick the option "Enable Unattended Access"
set the same password for unattended access

All settings will persist over KDE sessions.

In case the passwords cannot be changed in krfb, you can change them in kwallet.


An error message like this one

  chromium-browser : Depends: chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra (=
  56.0.2924.76-0ubuntu0.16.04.1268) but 57.0.2987.98-0ubuntu0.16.04.1276 > is installed

must be interpreted as "your version of chromium-browser depends on an old version of chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra". The most likely cause is that the upgrade of chromium-browser failed for some reason, and indeed apt-cache policy chromium-browser confirms that the installed version is not the newest one available. This is a problem because in principle all the packages installed on a system must always be at their latest version.

Thus we must upgrade chromium-browser to its latest version, which as per apt-cache policy is 57.0.2987.98-0ubuntu0.16.04.1276. One way to do this is to run sudo apt install chromium-browser=57.0.2987.98-0ubuntu0.16.04.1276.

Sadly, this did not work because some other packages exhibited the same issue; they must also be manually upgraded by appending them to the apt install command (as opposed to by a separate command) until all out-of-date packages are accounted for.


I'd say the use of cylinder is now deprecated and used mainly for historical reasons.

By looking at the fdisk source code it seems to me that the total number of bytes of a device is retrieved via an ioctl call

    if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, bytes) >= 0)
        return 0;

and the other figures are then derived from this.

For instance the number of cylinders is calculated using

llcyls = total_number_of_sectors / (heads * sectors * sector_factor);

The "problem" here is that the result of this division is truncated (rounded down), so it is bound to be imprecise.

Using your fdisk output as an example

120034123776 bytes / 512 bytes_per_sector / 255 / 63 = 14593.3176471 cylinders

but the fdisk output will round this down to 14593.


In case your update installed the new Meltdown workaround Kernel 4.13 for Ubuntu 16.04 HWE, the current Virtualbox from Ubuntu 16.04 doesn't run anymore but freezes the entire system. Please see this bug report here, including a workaround PPA :

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/virtualbox/+bug/1736116


How do I make /dev/sda3 my boot partition?

To fix this error you have to type just a Command.

First log on your system. Open terminal by ctrl+alt+t.
Type

sudo grub-install /dev/sda3

You will asked password, give it. It will install grub on  /dev/sda3. After it you will get message that grub installation successful.

Reboot your system.


Curly brackets don't work on a Toshiba Satellite A500D-111

As I can not comment, I have to put this ideas into the answer field:

Could you please post more Information about the laptop (brand, model).

If you are on a Laptop and the keyboard is probably internally attached via usb. So you might want to check the command lsusb (in terminal) to confirm that it is detected correctly.

(My lsusb output with keyboard marked in yellow)

You might want to take a look into your system settings keyboard tab.

In the typing tab on the bottom there shoud be a link to get you in the layout setting.

Here you can play around with some of the options and see if it helps.
If you click on your keyboard layout in the list (Probably labeled English in my case it is German) and the keyboard symbol on the bottom of the list (5th symbol)

you can see your current keyboard layout visually to see if everything looks fine there.

You can press keys in this view and see If they are recognised. This is important to check if your alt-gr key is correctly mapped to the alt-fn combination you probably use


Nvidia 740M still not working after Bumblebee installation

To find the correct BusID, use lspci | egrep 3D. Input the correct BusID in /etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nvidia. Then edit the file /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf and the change the line Driver= to Driver=nvidia. Then, reboot your computer, and it should work.


Best practices for maintaining Ubuntu packages across versions?

Good question , as am learning packages myself and want to maintain a package for a good software project .. have you looked at the following page :

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuide/Complete


What is a "viewport"? What about a "workspace"?

Window Managers (like metacity) assume that each workspace is a discrete entity. Windows are either on one or another workspace. Think of this as several physical desks.

Compiz works differently. It uses something called a viewport, into one workspace. This is what allows you to have windows overlapping the edge of the cube. Think of this as one big physical desk, but where you can only see one part of it at a time.

And regarding getting programs to launch on another workspace or viewport (depending on what window manager you use): there is a programm called wmctrl that allows you to switch from command line.

If you want something fancy with compiz/viewports have a look at this script. It uses wmctrl and accepts you telling it things like 'goto ViewportNumber 1'.


How are bugs in item descriptions in the software centre fixed?

We talked about this problem at the Ubuntu Developer Summit. We've started a wiki page to keep track of these efforts for those that want to help out.


Wubi is no longer supported, for installing Ubuntu you can remove your hard drive, insert it into another laptop or use a hard drive reader, then install Ubuntu.


Try synaptic (which can be easily installed from the software center) to check if the necessary packages can be installed/are available.


Why can I hear only a few audio channels when playing video files?

This is happenning because you have stereo speakers but that MKV has more than 2 audio channels and the "talking channel" isn't being down muxed to stereo. Go to System Setting/Sound and try to find any configuration related to output mode and change it to Stereo Speakers.


How can I make PDFs appear life-size when displayed at 100%?

xorg.conf doesn't even exist on new installs nowadays because of xrandr. Most drivers work fine with just xrandr and no xorg.conf (I think Nvidia is the exception). What you need is to have xrandr run at startup all the time. I documented on the Ubuntu Wiki how to make xrandr commands run as soon as the GUI starts.  Just use the same xrandr command you already figured out.

For Unity users reading along, equivalent directions for lightdm are here: https://askubuntu.com/a/69501/1158


Dual Boot Ubuntu 14.04 and windows 8.1 issue

I would verify that the disk is good first as disk sectors going bad could cause the Windows to fail intermittently. Also, I would check that all RAM is good -- same reason. A bad spot in high RAM could crash the Windows but only when enough Windows are open that high RAM gets used.

Then I would boot the Windows install, delete all partitions, let Windows create a partition from the first half of the disk (leave the rest of the disk for Linux later). Once the Windows is installed, updated, and working, then I would install the Linux on the unused area of the disk. I have done it successfully this way with Windows and Linux for over 10 years.


Run sudo dpkg -r libboost1.53-tools-dev, then you should be able to do the apt-get -f install.


External monitor won't show login screen

Looks like your should simply go the Settings - Monitors and set your external display as primary. Or go to the NVIDIA X Settings, set you monitor and save your configuration to X configuration file from there (Xorg.conf). I think it should help.


Can't find MySQL Workbench 6.1 32-bit setup for Ubuntu

In Ubuntu 14.04, open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install mysql-workbench

This will install MySQL Workbench version 6.0.8 and also install MySQL Workbench -- architecture independent data (mysql-workbench-data) as a dependency. MySQL Workbench is available in Ubuntu 14.04 in two different architectures, one for 32-bit and the other one for 64-bit. This is close enough to the requested version, MySQL Workbench 6.1, that you should seriously consider installing MySQL Workbench 6.0.8 from the Ubuntu repositories instead of MySQL Workbench 6.1.


You can use gsettings to change most of these. For example:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.media-handling automount-open false

See:

man gsettings

For other gsettings related commands that will probably come in handy. dconf-editor is really quite useful though, it might be worth installing offline if possible.


Installed Ubuntu and Windows 10, redundant entries in boot menu

Removing & modifying grub entries
Graphical way :
Install grub-customizer, it will let you manage your grub entry easily:
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Select the entry you want to delete, click on Remove and when you are done do not forget to click on Save.

In case of problem :
Restoring deleted entries :
If you accidentally deleted the wrong entry grub-customizer include a function to easily restore removed entry :

Restoring initial grub configuration :
You should not need this but I write it just in case something goes wrong.
grub-customizer keep a backup of your initial grub config in /etc/grub.d/backup.
If you accidentally messed up or want to go back to your original grub configuration here is what you can do :
To fix an unbootable configuration, run:
sudo cp /etc/grub.d/backup/boot_grub /boot/grub

To reset the whole configuration, also copy these files:
sudo cp /etc/grub.d/backup/etc_grub_d /etc/grub.d
sudo cp /etc/grub.d/backup/default_grub /etc/default/grub
sudo update-grub

(Taken from /etc/grub.d/backup/RESTORE_INSTRUCTIONS)

If you still can not managed manage to restore your grub configuration after that, follow this guide.

Refer here for more information.


Give a user permission to another user's folder

permissions = 664 .. first number is owner; second is group, third is everyone else.

The simple answer is in the middle; ie. create a group, add both users to the group and let the group have read/write/execute permissions on files that the whole group are allowed to.

Trying looking there, or call out if you're still stuck. If a group isn't to have permissions; those folders/files will be assigned to users & not the group. chrgrp, groupadd ....  (more permission options exist; this are the 1970s unix permissions so heaps of doco is available)


Where can I find the iptables log file, and how can I change its location?

These logs are generated by the kernel, so they go to the file that receives kernel logs: /var/log/kern.log.
If you want to redirect these logs to a different file, that can't be done through iptables. It can be done in the configuration of the program that dispatches logs: rsyslog. In the iptables rule, add a prefix that isn't used by any other kernel log:
iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.11.0/24 -j LOG --log-prefix='[netfilter] '

Following the example set by 20-ufw.conf, create a file under /etc/rsyslog.d/00-my_iptables.conf containing:
:msg,contains,"[netfilter] " -/var/log/iptables.log
& stop

Putting the rule early (the file names in /etc/rsyslog.d are used in lexicographic order) and adding &stop causes these logs to go only to the specified location and not to the default location as well.
Rsyslog has to be restarted for the config changes to take place.


this currently is not available (to my knowledge) since FB has disabled their XMPP support, for a new chat protocol (which empathy does not support).

Pidgin, another chat client, can connect with FB messages through the use of purple-facebook, an external plugin. In order to support FB on Empathy, someone would have to likely port this functionality to Empathy. Unfortunately, Empathy has no plugin manager, so it is unlikely anyone will do this.


Ubuntur 12.04 - Background Wallpaper shows portrait photo in landscape orientation

That seems a little odd, are you able to open up Image Viewer and rotate it how you want? First I have ever heard of this, it may be the image is too large height wise so you may need to reduce it using a program such a GIMP


Im sorry to say it, but you possibly lost your csv files, because most of the programs make lock files, which prevent opening file in different instance to exclude possibility of data corruption due to simultaneous, for example, save operations. Your .~locked.filename.csv# is just a flag.

But i suggest you not get upset too soon. Shut down your PC (to prevent overwriting disk blocks, which contain your "deleted" csv files) and read this article


Glitch in video taken by gtk-recordmydesktop

It looks like your video-edting software is glitchy.

recordmydesktop couldn't have caused that because the video was already made, and it was fine. The glitch thus had to have happened later in your workflow. I doubt handbrake would have done that, because it's just a humble transcoder (and it seems like the glitch-free video that we saw had also been through handbrake). The glitch had to have been introduced later, most likely by the video editing software. Try looking at that.

I was wrong. See the comments below.


How to write sanskrit vowels on their with Ubuntu 14.04 sanskrit keyboard?

it seems late now, but maybe useful for someone:
right alt + e = ऎ
right alt + shift + e = ए

click on keyboard layout / Keyboard Layout Chart to see the alphabet layout.


Here is what I've done on my own system.
It works better than original driver.

download archive : https://github.com/Inglebard/2011_1007_RT5390_RT5392_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO_v2/raw/master/2011_1007_RT5390_RT5392_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO_v2.tar.bz2.bz2
extract archive
cd 2011_1007_RT5390_RT5392_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO
download : https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Inglebard/2011_1007_RT5390_RT5392_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO_v2/master/patch/rt5592sta_fix_64bit_3.8.patch
patch -p1
make sure /os/linux/config.mk reads HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT_SUPPORT=y
make
sudo make install
modprobe rt5390sta

You may need to to install and configure dkms to build automaticaly wifi drivers when kernel change : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DKMS

You may need to disable some other drivers in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

## Blacklist conflicting kernel modules
blacklist rt2800pci
blacklist rt2800lib
blacklist rt2x00usb
blacklist rt2x00pci
blacklist rt2x00lib
blacklist rt2860sta
blacklist rt3090sta

Note : I don't know why but sometimes (it's happens rarely), driver is unable to find wifi hotspot and write this in syslog :

GetDesiredTssiAndCurrentTssi: BBP TSSI INFO is not ready. (BbpR47 = 0x94)
RT5390_AsicTxAlcGetAutoAgcOffset: Incorrect desired TSSI or current TSSI

And you may have to shutdown by power button of your machine. (If someone know why, I'am interressed)


How to resolve depedancy issues with software not obtained from a repository

To the Eclipse thing:

To use the ADT (and to allow Eclipse to use the ADT) in Linux, you have one of two options:

Run 32-bit Ubuntu (bleh)
Run 64-bit Ubuntu and enable multiarch support (yay!)

If it is not already enabled you can enable multiarch support on Ubuntu by running the following command:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Once this is done, you will need to add the 32 bit libraries you need in order to use the ADT(depending on which Ubuntu you are using):

# Ubuntu 12.04
apt-get install ia32-libs

# Ubuntu 13.04
sudo apt-get install libc6-i386 lib32stdc++6 lib32gcc1 lib32ncurses5

# Ubuntu 13.10
sudo apt-get install libc6-i386 lib32stdc++6 lib32gcc1 lib32ncurses5 lib32z1

If you want access to the SDK and ADB from a terminal, you need to export the relevant paths in in your .bashrc file:

sudo nano .bashrc

# At the end of the file add

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/AndroidSDK:$HOME/AndroidSDK/tools
export PATH

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/AndroidSDK/platform-tools
export PATH

To create the launcher, you can have a look here.

To address one of your comments:

I am only going to say this about the debate going on here: each operating system has its strengths and weaknesses.  That being said, let's get to the answer.

Windows requires backwards compatibility (due to the NT kernel and other things).  This means that a Windows installation is larger, but there are very few things that 64 bit Windows can't run, including 32 bit application such as Eclipse and the Android SDK.  This also means that most things work out of the box.

Linux requires additional setup because the base installation (even one with a GUI) does not require as many compatibility libraries (in Windows, .dll(s)) in order to function.  This makes for smaller installations that can be targeted to specific hardware.  This also means that you can run Linux on older/less powerful systems (the real goal of Linux, in my mind).  The problem is that additional functionality (such as 32 bit applications in a 64 bit environment) require additional setup.

Only a few Linux distros (Arch and Fedora come to mind) have the latest and greatest of software versions in their repos.  This is because most Linux distros are about stability.  I cannot speak for Arch, as I have little experience with it.  However, Fedora is essentially the test bed for RHEL (RedHat Linux Enterprise).  For distros like that, it isn't about stability, it is about testing out what will work on the newest hardware.  It can be a real pain as the user is the one who ends up testing the software (and drivers and libraries and kernels).  This can be real hell.  If you think wasting a few hours trying to get a program to work is terrible, imagine recovering and entire system (and your source code and your data and your sanity) when something untested breaks or melts down.

Distributions like Ubuntu (LTS in particular) are about stability.  They usually do not include things in the stable repos that have not been thoroughly tested.  This is why things are a little slow on the uptake when it comes to the latest and greatest.  The trade off is you miss out on some of the new features, but you have a stable system.

You can install their unstable versions (I think 14.04 is the current testing for Ubuntu), but what was said about Fedora et al. applies. That handles that part of the question (I hope).


How to get PyQt5 for Python2 on Ubuntu 20.04

attempting to install Bionic's python2/pyqt5 packages on 20.04 breaks because the 18.04 python-pyqt5 requires qtbase-abi-5-9-5 which causes significant conflicts on 20.04 if you try to install it.  however, that package provides nothing necessary.  therefore, provide your own, to fulfill that dependency.
here's the solution (high level):

install this qtbase-api-fake deb package to fulfill the qtbase-abi requirement.  the package is literally nothing but an empty file.
add bionic back into your apt repositories
install python-pyqt5.qtwebkit (which will install python-pyqt5)

detailed solution:

build the qtbase-abi-fake package and install it.  you can simply copy and paste this into a terminal once you're comfortable i have done nothing nefarious:

# create the package structure:
cd /tmp
mkdir qtbase-abi-fake
mkdir -p qtbase-abi-fake/DEBIAN
mkdir -p qtbase-abi-fake/usr/lib/qtbase-abi-fake
touch qtbase-abi-fake/usr/lib/qtbase-abi-fake/nothing.txt

# create the deb control file (the guts):
cat <<_EOF > qtbase-abi-fake/DEBIAN/control
Package: qtbase-abi-fake
Version: 5.9.5
Section: custom
Priority: optional
Architecture: all
Essential: no
Installed-Size: 1024
Maintainer: atlas
Description: Fakes out python-pyqt5 from Ubuntu 18.04 to work on 20.04
Provides: qtbase-abi-5-9-5
_EOF

# build the qtbase-abi-fake.deb file:
dpkg-deb --build qtbase-abi-fake

# install your newly created deb file:
sudo dpkg -i qtbase-abi-fake.deb

add bionic to apt repos:

echo 'deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe multiverse' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bionic-helper.list

install the necessary libraries (for vivisect, you want python-pyqt5.qtwebkit):

sudo apt update
sudo apt install python-pyqt5.qtwebkit

that should get you a working python2 pyqt5 environment with qtwebkit.
this fix makes Bionic 18.04's python-pyqt5 work on Focal 20.04, so all the packages that depend on it (like qtwebkit) work as well.
once you build this, you can share it with your friends.  i would have provided the deb file here, but there's no easy way to do it. plus this way, you get to see what's going on at each step.
hope this helps!
@


What should I select for the option on the OpenGL dialogue box regarding Cairo Dock on ASUS laptop w / Intel® Celeron(R) CPU N2830 @ 2.16GHz × 2

Quotes from Cairo-Dock Official Forum.

  OpenGL use GPU, whereas Cairo use CPU. So, if your graphical card have
  a good support ( for example a lot of Nvidia)

In your case i would suggest you to choose openGL option. Since your processor (sorry) was suck....


Which of these generated deb from kernel compilation I need to install?

Ok Linux- image is the core kernel.
Linux-modules and Linux-modules-extra are the kernel modules. You may need one or both depending on the hardware drivers needed, and how much you built into the kernel.
If you plan on building kernel modules, then you need both header packages.
The tool packages are for manipulating kernel settings I believe.


As an Administrator you can create the $topdir/.Trash directory which will be used. See the specifications here. Pay close attention to the part where it indicates that "The sticky bit must be set if the filesystem supports it. (This may actually be the root cause of your problem).
Here's an excerpt from https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-use-special-permissions-the-setuid-setgid-and-sticky-bits#h8-the-sticky-bit

The sticky bit works in a different way: while it has no effect on
files, when used on a directory, all the files in said directory will
be modifiable only by their owners. A typical case in which it is
used, involves the /tmp directory. Typically this directory is
writable by all users on the system, so to make impossible for one
user to delete the files of another one, the sticky bit is set:
$ ls -ld /tmp drwxrwxrwt. 14 root root 300 Nov  1 16:48 /tmp
In this case the owner, the group, and all other users, have full
permissions on the directory (read, write and execute). The sticky bit
is identifiable by a t which is reported where normally the executable
x bit is shown, in the "other" section. Again, a lowercase t implies
that the executable bit is also present, otherwise you would see a
capital T

Sources:
https://specifications.freedesktop.org/trash-spec/trashspec-latest.html
https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-use-special-permissions-the-setuid-setgid-and-sticky-bits#h8-the-sticky-bit


Changing fileserver from Windows to Ubuntu

You can mount NTFS filesystems in Ubuntu. So no, they do not need to be reformatted in order to use them.

If you are going to continue to use the drives in a JBOD configuration then there is no real downside to keeping the NTFS filesystems (debatable of course). The only downside is that you may have to use an NFTS repair tool if the machine is powered off unexpectedly and usually its just easier to run the tools in Windows. Some say the NFTS filesystems perform slower than an ext filesystem but you probably wont notice it (unless you have LOTS of files).

Just disconnect the spare drives when you go to install Ubuntu to ensure that they are not touched.

If the drives to not automatically mount when you re-connect them, use the instructions found here to locate them using sudo fdisk -l and then mount them using the mount command.


Remotely control Android smartphone from Ubuntu 16.04

I'd recommend scrcpy (screen-copy). It allows you to remotely control an Android phone.
First install scrcpy and adb. scrcpy has an Ubuntu package for 20.04, but since you're on 16.04 you can use the Snap package: https://snapstats.org/snaps/scrcpy. adb can be installed using sudo apt install android-tools-adb.
Here's how to use it with WiFi:
(from https://www.genymotion.com/blog/open-source-project-scrcpy-now-works-wirelessly/)
Here are the steps:

Connect the device to the same Wi-Fi as your computer
Connect your phone over USB (don't worry, this is temporary, you can unplug later)
Get your device IP address (in Settings → About phone → Status)
Enable adb over TCP/IP on your device: adb tcpip 5555
Connect to your device: adb connect DEVICE_IP:5555 (replace DEVICE_IP)
Unplug your device from USB
Run scrcpy

Done. you can change the bandwidth if you want if performance isn't good on your WiFi.
Note: remote sound from android to PC needs at least Android 10. see https://github.com/rom1v/sndcpy.


You must consult the documentation for your motherboard to learn how RAM modules are supposed to be installed and to get information about what configurations are supported.
This is not something you can configure inside the operating system.
Some motherboards require RAM to be installed in specific positions if all slots are not filled.
Generally, RAM is supposed to be installed in identical pairs.  If you don't do this, your results will vary. Timings and frequencies must match exactly to run in dual channel mode. For pairs of RAM that are not identical, they can only operate as fast as the timings they have in common, which may be slower than what each could do individually.
Many manufactures also publish a Qualified Vendor List (QVL) which explicitly states all of the SKUs of RAM that your board is known to support.


While it has just enough power to run GNOME or KDE in Wayland, this computer does not have enough resources to run the GNOME desktop with many applications. KDE consumes less memory, but it consumes relatively higher CPU cycles if you turn on fancy effects, and the Intel Atom processor of this computer may not be able to run it smoothly.
I suggest you to use Xubuntu or Lubuntu instead (or Kubuntu, without any fancy effects. Nowadays Kubuntu uses less RAM than Xubuntu). They need relatively less resource to run.
In case even Xubuntu or Lubuntu seem to be slow, you can use other distros tailored for older computers with less computing power. Some examples are LXLE, Puppy Linux, anTiX or Bodhi. (Note that they are not supported on this website. But being Debian based, the user experience would be very similar to Ubuntu).


Where is everything saved when I "try Ubuntu without installing?"

It's stored in memory and it will be deleted when you reboot the computer. So if you have a low amount of RAM it's very likely that you run out of space quickly.


try removing the .themes folder in your home folder, so:
rm -r .themes
to delete it.  I would rename it first to see if it does what you want, and then delete it.  So: mv .themes themes and if that works, then delete the 'themes' folder in your home.


Perhaps you have more than one audio device? It isn't uncommon for the VGA to have HDMI audio output, for instance and I have experienced situations where the master volume control is set to control another device.

In the preferences dialog, there is a page called Output. If the correct device is selected, try to select another one and then back to the one you want to use and see if that helps.


Finally it seems that works:

Adding a new node with the same name using microk8s join
This node is broken (microk8s is not running)
Remove the node from cluster by running microk8s leave at the node itself
If needed, the node with the same name can be added again and works


USB 3.0 ports only work in Hi Speed, not Super Speed with xhci_hcd running

The problem showed to be in bad extender cables. We exchanged them for different ones and now the USB 3.0 devices show up as expected.


Unable to boot UBUNTU from USB in windows 8.1

You have to do one of two things:

First, you must make sure you burned a bootable version of Ubuntu on a USB.
Second, you must set your BIOS priority to boot from USB first.

Linuxlive USB is free, easy and safe way to make a bootable USB of not just Ubuntu, but any linux distribution. Once you have made a bootbale version of your linux distribution (Ubuntu), reboot your computer and rapidly press F4 (or F11, whichever takes you to your BIOS menu) and change the boot order for your computer from (presumably) your hard drive to your USB port and it should boot up a linux liveCD in which you can use linux without installing it. If you do plan to install linux, it will also give you onscreen instructions on what to do, step-by-step to install it onto your computer.


Recover Ubuntu partition (no show in GNU GRUB)

OK, perhaps the easiest thing to do is reinstall Ubuntu without reformatting the main partition.  You will need to select "Something Else" in the install options menu.  You will then select the partition that served as your root directory and chose it to be your root directory but DO NOT FORMAT IT!  This will install Ubuntu on top of your old install, fix the GRUB menu, and will retain all your old files.


Mounting & Unmounting Network Shares on a mobile laptop

You will have to write a script. This is a skeleton / template, call it net_mount and put it in /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d

#!/bin/sh
# auto mount/umount network shares

IF=$1
STATUS=$2

# set your desired network here
NETMASK="192.168.0.0/24"

mount_shares (){
    # command(s) to mount shares here
    mount share1
    mount share2
    ....
}

umount_shares (){
    # command(s) to un-mount shares here
    umount share1
    umount share2
    ....
}

if [ -n "`/sbin/ip addr show $IF to $NETMASK`" ]; then
case "$STATUS" in
    up)
        mount_shares
        ;;
    pre-down)
        umount_shares
        ;;
    *)
        ;;
esac
else
    umount_shares
fi

Make it executable

sudo chmod a+x /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/net_mount


You are using an out of date version of OpenJDK, this was happening to me too. Run the following:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get purge java java7 openjdk6-jre
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get install openjdk7-jre

In a terminal (Ctrl + Alt +T). Hope that helps!


Currently the AMD drivers are more open to linux development. But before this Nvidia was way more stable for linux and AMD had the most issues. So AMD still has some catching up to do. I would say for now nvidia is still best to go with.
The most driver issues that I've experienced with nvidia was lately with optimus technology on newer laptops. The bumblebee project is doing a teriffic job at battling that however. It's a matter of adding a ppa or two, installing via apt-get and you're good to go.

It's your call. But even if you're not afraid to get your hands dirty I would not urge for AMD, because there's always something to do for the nvidia cards too to keep things running nice and smooth. If you want the least possible hastle it's a no brainer, nvidia.
Reasons being: 1) they're still ahead when it comes to driver stability.
2) nvidia used to be more stable and so it has a much larger comunity behind it to counter linux problems with nvidia cards.


Key X not found or not valid with Xubuntu, Enigmail and Thunderbird

Do you have a pinentry package installed? Try:

sudo apt-get install pinentry-gtk2

See: http://baitisj.blogspot.com/2014/07/enigmail-key-not-found-or-not-valid.html


Keyboard and Mouse stop working after login (Ubuntu 17.04 after upgrade from 16.04)

I solved the problem:

I entered the BIOS with Esc + F10 and disabled the fn-action-keys. This prevented to open the tty console in the login. Because I had internet connection in the login screen, I was able to follow the instructions here. After reboot and login, mouse and keyboard worked again flawlessly.


Opening encrypted disk at boot using crypttab and decrypt_gnupg doesn't work

No solution for this so far.
As a workaround I removed the gpg encoded passphrase and directly entered the passphrase directly into a luks key slot.


Software Center missing or just not working?

You can reinstall the Software Center by pasting this long line into the Terminal (Ctrl-Alt-T):

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get --purge --reinstall install software-center software-properties-common software-properties-gtk


The error message in your comment says that dpkg was interrupted. First you must run the command sudo dpkg --configure -a in the terminal to correct this problem.
You mistakenly downloaded megasync-xUbuntu_16.10_amd64.deb, however you are using Ubuntu 16.04, not 16.10, so download megasync-xUbuntu_16.04_amd64.deb for Ubuntu 16.04 instead.
Then try to install the MegaSync .deb file again by changing to the directory that contains the Megasync .deb file that you downloaded (megasync-xUbuntu_16.04_amd64.deb)  with cd and running this command:

sudo apt install ./megasync-xUbuntu_16.04_amd64.deb

The advantage of this command over sudo dpkg -i megasync-xUbuntu_16.04_amd64.deb is that it automatically installs the package's dependencies along with the package.