How to install Ubuntu on Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga 2 Pro

I got a Yoga 2 pro - i5 - 8 GB ram - 256 SSD (I first have installed Ubuntu 13.10 32bit (tried 64bit too, but crashes with kernel panic!), but I guess now Ubuntu 14.04 64bit will just run fine.)

These are the steps I had to do to install Ubuntu:

1. Prepare the installation

I started Windows and resized the Windows partition so I got 100GB free.
(If needed: here you find a detailed inscruction with screenshots at the end come back here and continue with step 4)

  It comes with a small button on the side of the power button to enable
  the BIOS edit and boot sequence... When you press it, the computer
  powers up with the config menu. Then you have to edit the BIOS to
  unsecure UEFI mode.

choose "Legacy Boot"
To boot Ubuntu you have to edit the grub's boot line before the
quiet parameter, adding: acpi_backlight=vendor
(I installed from an USB-stick, created with UNetbootin. In The UNetbootin boot menu press [TAB] to edit options and add that parameter to the boot line.)
Start Ubuntu from USB (or external CD-drive) and press "Try Ubuntu"

2. Enable WiFi and install

When Ubuntu is started from USB, open a console to enable WiFi with sudo rmmod ideapad_laptop. Then connect to a WiFi Network and Install Ubuntu

3. Fix wireless card

After reboot everything was fine (no need to adjust grub any further) The only problem left was, that up to now I had to enable WiFi after each system start with

sudo rmmod ideapad_laptop
sudo service network-manager restart

so I added that to the modprobe blacklist with:

sudo su
echo '#added to enable WiFi on Yoga 2 Pro'>>/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
echo 'blacklist ideapad_laptop'>>/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

4. Enlarge Fonts

Now in Ubuntu In 14.04 with Unity everything works fine. Also, it seems like Ubuntu is adopted better to touch-screens. I only had to adapt the Screen DPI in System Settings->"Displays"->"Scale for menu and title bars" to 2.0
 + Settings Screenshot
If you use Pidgin, see how to Adapt Ubuntu to a high-DPI resolution screen

5. Adjust Firefox to the high resolution touchscreen

Follow the instructions here:
Adjust Firefox and Thunderbird to a High DPI touchscreen display (retina)

(There is no such thing as zoom with two fingers, but a simple thing already works: You can select active and move the window around with a three finger touch)

Alternative: use Chrome. I tested it in Chrome Version 41.0.2272.76 Ubuntu 14.10: there the touchscreen works fine as expected even pinch to zoom works fine and all menues are the correct size.

6. Adjust the trackpad on Lenovo Yoga 2 Pro

Now adjust the jumpy trackpad and lack of middle button
Edit the file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf and edit the "touchpad catchall" section, so it will look like this:

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "touchpad catchall"
    Driver "synaptics"
    MatchIsTouchpad "on"
    # This option is recommend on all Linux systems using evdev, but cannot be
    # enabled by default. See the following link for details:
    # http://who-t.blogspot.com/2010/11/how-to-ignore-configuration-errors.html
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"

    Option "FingerLow"              "46"
    Option "FingerHigh"             "46"
    Option "ClickFinger1"           "1"
    Option "ClickFinger2"           "2"
    Option "ClickFinger3"           "3"
    Option "TapButton1"             "1"
    Option "TapButton2"             "3"
    Option "TapButton3"             "2"
    Option "AreaBottomEdge"         "85%"
    Option "SoftButtonAreas"        "60% 0 85% 0 40% 60% 85% 0" # Btn2 LRTB - Btn3 LRTB
    Option "EmulateMidButtonTime"   "75"
EndSection

(source: http://memobadz.wordpress.com/2014/02/16/lenovo-yoga-pro-2-on-ubuntu/ )

7. Add Screen rotation support on Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga

Since the Screen doesn't turn when you turn the laptop, create the script /usr/local/bin/rotate-screen.sh
from rotate-screen.sh

in System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts:

Assigned Alt+F5 to the command /usr/local/bin/rotate-screen.sh
and Alt+Shift+F5 /usr/local/bin/rotate-screen.sh -n

To be able to manually turn the screen from the launcher add a .desktop-file  like described here

Note: there was a problem that seems to be solved by the newer kernel by now Lenovo Yoga 2 Ubuntu 14.04 occasionanal blank screen

8. configure larger font on tty console

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup

leave all settings as they are but the last one, where you can chose the size.

9. Optional: Enable some extra power save settings

If you want to dim the screen brightness to 50% on each startup:

 sudo apt-get install xbacklight

Then add this command to your startup programs (gnome-session-properties): xbacklight -set 50

To enable all possible Power save settings, install powertop:

apt-get install powertop

Edit your rc.local startup-script with sudo gedit /etc/rc.local so the end part looks like this:

# By default this script does nothing.

#####################################################
# tune all power save settings to >good<
powertop --auto-tune
# all power save settings are fine but the one for the touchpad
# disable powertop >good<-setting for touchpad
echo 'on' > '/sys/bus/usb/devices/2-7/power/control'

#####################################################
# optional disable bluetooth and wifi on each start
# this can always be re-enabled in the top appletts if you need it

# disable bluetooth at start:  (uncomment the following line)
#rfkill block bluetooth

# disable wifi at start: (uncomment both following lines)
#sed s/^WirelessEnabled=true/WirelessEnabled=false/ -i /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state
#rfkill block wifi

exit 0

This is just a suggestion, there might show up some problems with WiFi, using the powersave function set by powertop: sometimes my wirelesss card stopped working, so I disabled the option powertop --auto-tune in rc.local for now and disabled the 11n extension with the following:

sudo su
echo "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1" >> /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

(You need to reboot after those changes)

But I am still investigating this...

10. more Optional Configurations:

Since the battery time is several days in suspend mode, you could set the power-button option to 'suspend' with gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'suspend'
The resolution in grub is really tiny and therefore somewhat slow, this can be solved by making your Grub boot menu pretty
On Ubuntu 15.10 you need some more to disable bluetooth at startup

11. Additional useful Hardware for Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga 2 Pro:

I got a "HooToo HT-UE01 USB 3.0 HUB 3-Port with RJ45 10/100/1000 Gigabit Ethernet LAN" that works fine (tested on Ubuntu 32bit) on my Yoga 2 Pro

12. Only problems left:

External 4k Monitor on Lenovo Yoga 2 Pro


Set a password for external hard disk without format it

Yes that's possible.

That's called ATA password. You can either set it through your EFI/BIOS firmware, if it allows you to do so. Or you can use hdparm to set such a password.

I would recommend to use your EFI firmware if applicable because hdparm comes with a lot of warning that it can brik your disk. That's kind of scary, even it is unlikely to happen. That are just cautious and warn you of the worst.

So if you want to use hdparm, it's something like:

sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-passwd "Secret" /dev/sdx

That is to set a user password 'Secret'. This will let the master password as set by the manufacturer (and let anyone knowing it unlock the drive).

You can eventually also set a master password. But read documentation before to know the consequences.

A good read is this admin-magazine.com article

Note: if the drive with the ATA password is plugged-in while booting, your EFI firmware should ask you for that password. If you plugged it in after booting, I don't know how it is dealt with by ubuntu, but you might have to unlock the drive by issuing another hdparm command from a terminal, like

sudo hdparm --security-unlock 'Secret' --user-master u /dev/sdx

if we use the same variable in our previous example.

Another possibility is to use ext4 built-in encryption, but it only encrypts per directory. Meaning, if you have multiple top directory on your HDD, you will need a password for each directory, unless you move them under the same top root directory. More instruction in the archlinux wiki on how to enable ext4 encryption. This works on new files, so you will have to move all your data to the new encrpyted directory, just to encrypt them.


MAC OS X virtualization with KVM on the mac mini : seabios error

There is a known bug building SeaBIOS with non-English messages.  Use
"LC_ALL=C make".


GPG encryption with and without public key

They don't produce the same result. However, OpenPGP (PGP/GnuPG's asymmetric encryption protocol) still uses symmetric encryption algorithms to encrypt the actual data.

You may want to read about what GnuPG actually does. A good start for this specific topic might be When should I use symmetric encryption instead of RSA? whose author seems to have the same misconception as you. Below is a quote of the most relevant and succinct answer passage:

  […] you never use the raw algorithm. You use a protocol, in this case OpenPGP, which defines the algorithms to use and where each byte goes. In OpenPGP, when the recipient has a public/private key pair and you want to encrypt your message "with the public key" (i.e. you want the message to be unreadable except by whoever knows the corresponding private key), then you invoke your OpenPGP-compatible software which will then follow the OpenPGP rules -- and these rules are that symmetric encryption is always used: the software generates a random symmetric key K, encrypts the message itself with a symmetric algorithm using K as key, then encrypts K (not the message) with the recipient's […] public key. You don't have to choose, and you don't get to choose: this is the way OpenPGP works.

(source)


Install virtualbox 4.1 on any ubuntu version

You need to edit /etc/apt/sources.list

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add the following line

Add one of the following lines according to your distribution to your /etc/apt/sources.list:

deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian oneiric contrib
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian natty contrib
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian maverick contrib non-free
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian lucid contrib non-free
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian karmic contrib non-free
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian hardy contrib non-free
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian squeeze contrib non-free
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian lenny contrib non-free

Save and exit the file

wget -q http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Update source list

sudo apt-get update

Install virtualbox

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-4.1

Note: Ubuntu/Debian users might want to install the dkms package to ensure that the VirtualBox host kernel modules (vboxdrv, vboxnetflt and vboxnetadp) are properly updated if the linux kernel version changes during the next apt-get upgrade. For Debian it is available in Lenny backports and in the normal repository for Squeeze and later. The dkms package can be installed through the Synaptic Package manager or through the following command:

sudo apt-get install dkms


It would help if we had a list of the commands you were using, or some link to some of the processes you were using (from Google) to try to recover your data.  None of the grub command options would interfere with actual data on your drives.  The grub commands are boot options.  It would use sectors on the drives that are reserved for booting.

Even an option to reinstall Ubuntu using the live disk would leave the areas that contains your person data untouched, unless you used and option to reformat a drive or partition.

So, unless you specifically chose a format option you should be able to locate your data by browsing your drives and partitions.  By the way, this would be from a real install, not from a Wubi install, whereas Ubuntu would actually be running as a program under Windows using a virtually created disk.  If that is the case, you would do something different from the steps provided below.

Browsing drives and partitions using GUI

From the Live CD (ideally one of the later Ubuntu LTS versions, I'm using 14.04) bring up gnome-disk-utility.  You can do this by typing disk in the Launch search button.

On the left column of the program window you will see a list of the drives attached to your computer.  Start from the top and select one.  Once you have selected a drive you will see the various partitions on the right column under the Volumes section.  They will be listed as Partition 1, Partition 2, Partition 3, etc.

Mount the partitions one by one by selecting the Partition #.  Click on the play icon to mount it if it's not mounted.  Then below the Volumes section click on the Contents link specified by Mounted at to bring up the volume.

Look for the folder you specified by your home folder on that drive.  By default it would be call /home/[userid].  The userid would be the name you selected for login when you performed the install.

Do this for each of your drives and partitions.

You can also right click on the Mounted at link and click Copy Link.  Then with Alt + Ctrl + T open a terminal window then use the find command to search for your userID or any specific file that you remember having created on your data drive.

You can go to a volume by right typing cd and pasting the link to the terminal.  You would have to remove the file:// prefix and have a command like the example below:

$ cd /media/ubuntu/4fed9bc1-07b0-45a2-a384-b24213e2d09e
$ sudo find -name userid

Browsing drives and partitions using cli

From a terminal window type this command to see your connected drives and partitions:

$ cat /proc/partitions

This command will give you a list of partitions labeled similar to sda1, sda2, sdb1, sdb2, etc.

The one by one use this command sequence to search each partitions:

$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
$ cd /mnt
$ sudo find -name userid
$ sudo umount /mnt


Are there any issues using Ubuntu on an HP Compaq Presario CQ56-103SG?

Yes and no.  The CQ56 uses the brand new (Read:Six months old) RA5390 chipset from Ralink for the wireless adapter.   I'm working on a .deb package for the RA5390 kernel module from the source code I got from Ralink, but in the meantime you will have to download and compile it manually and enable it with modprobe.

Aside from that, all of the rest of the hardware works flawlessly with the exception of the trackpad's power switch.  I can't figure out how to enable it, but that's okay because it's nothing to just disable the trackpad completely when I have a mouse plugged in.  I'd prefer just double-tapping the little off switch, but you can't win 'em all.

Since it will have SuSe pre-installed, though, you might consider using it to compile all of the kernel modules you're going to need there first before installing ubuntu.


Ubuntu 16.04 - Trying to disable home folder encryption

There two kinds of encryption in *buntu Linux:

full disk encryption (with LUKS)
home folder encryption

Is it possible you have enabled both of them but disabled only the second one?

Luks (1) asks you specifically for disk encryption password at the very beginning of the system booting. Home folder encryption (2) is kinda invisible, i.e. you get asked not for the encryption password but simply for the login and password to the system, those also do the decryption for you. When you follow steps from the guide you linked you just disable the home folder encryption, you are still going to be asked for the login and password to the system (this you can now disable in GUI in Settings > Users and Groups) AND if you also enabled the full disk encryption (1) when installing the system, for the password to decrypt the whole disk. I am not sure if it is possible to also disable full disk encryption (1).


Make sure you installed drivers for your Network Card.
As you have rtl8188ee you can follow this link to install drivers for your network card https://medium.com/@elmaxx/rtl8821ae-wifi-drivers-in-ubuntu-16-04-4c1286524afa.


How do I enable hyperthreading in a Intel Xeon E5-2407?

The Intel Xeon E5-2407 does not have Hyper-threading. Refer to this link. The Intel page you link to also lists the CPU has having only threads across 4 cores.


After Some search, i found a relevant answer here... How do I resolve unmet dependencies after adding a PPA?

  However, for me the following command worked out

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

and then i ran the command for installing g++ and it installed successfully.


OSx Terminal send zipped file to directory

zip -r /path/to/archive_name.zip folder_to_compress

will create the archive in the folder you specify. Use ~/archive_name.zip to create it in your home directory.


GRUB2 on USB with Ubuntu and Windows 8 Recovery

IMHO, GRUB is about as elegant as an elephant on roller skates. It's finicky and overly-complex, and as a result even distribution maintainers have trouble getting it working reliably. You might want to check out my rEFInd instead. rEFInd is easier to configure than GRUB, and it's more reliable when it comes to booting Windows. It's also got prettier eye candy, if that's important to you. The main drawback to rEFInd is that it's EFI/UEFI-only; it doesn't work on BIOS-based computers (except via tools like DUET or Clover) or on computers with more exotic firmware types.


Plank isn't showing up in Gnome Wayland session

Plank supports X11 environment only at the moment. For gnome shell you can use Dash to Dock which is very similar.


Short Answer
You should try enabling vnc. It works then.
Long Answer
QEMU uses SDL for it's output (video as well as sound). You can force QEMU to listen to the vnc by using the -vnc option. Or you could make vnc the default option by adding <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' keymap='en-us'/> to the /etc/libvirt/qemu/*.xml file, in the end just after the last </devices> line.  Then run the following
/etc/init.d/libvirtd restart
virsh shutdown <osname>
virsh start <osname>


Accessing the button of a WiFi-Stick (TP Link TL-WN823N)

From the data sheet:

  One Button Security Setup

  Compatible with Wi-Fi Protected Setup™ (WPS), TL-WN823N features Quick
  Security Setup that allows users to almost instantly setup their
  security simply by pressing the WPS button to automatically establish
  a WPA2 secure connection, more secure than WEP encryptions. Not only
  is this faster than normal security setups but more convenient in that
  users needn't remember a password!

And then please see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Setup

  A major security flaw was revealed in December 2011 that affects
  wireless routers with the WPS PIN feature, which most recent models
  have enabled by default. The flaw allows a remote attacker to recover
  the WPS PIN in a few hours with a brute-force attack and, with the WPS
  PIN, the network's WPA/WPA2 pre-shared key. Users have been urged
  to turn off the WPS PIN feature, although this may not be possible on
  some router models.

While it may be fun to explore the feature, it seems to make your entire network less secure than WPA2-AES.


Will Unity require patches to existing GNOME components

It is possible to use stock upstream GNOME technologies with minimal changes to Unity (but you'll lose things like indicators.)

There are patches that improve the Unity experience, however they are not a direct requirement for running Unity. There is a GIO patch (submitted upstream), a GTK patch for appmenu support (which are not upstream), so you would lose the global menu.

Most of the patches in Unity today are for mutter/clutter, but porting Unity to compiz will remove the need for these. We are working very closely with Compiz upstream (Canonical has hired one of them) to basically make Unity a compiz plugin.


You could try adding 10.1.10.129   noranetserver to /etc/hosts, to make the computer you connect from aware of the server hostname.

There are other ways as well, as pointed out in the following questions: 1 and 2.


Reading bitlocker protected file system from Linux

After booting into the ubuntu the live cd, enable the universe repository

settings > software and update > ubuntu software > tick community maintained software

update the local repo and install some needed packages:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install dislocker libfuse-dev

make two folders, /media/bitlocker and /media/mount:

sudo mkdir /media/bitlocker /media/mount

find the encrypted windows partition:

lsblk

you would see something like

NAME         MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      179:0    0  58.2G  0 disk
├─sda1   179:1    0   200M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2   179:2    0  54.3G  0 part /

per the sizes you can predict your windows partition

decrypt that partition with your bitlocker password:

sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/sdaX -u -- /media/mount

followed by password
OR

sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/sdaX -uPASSWORD -- /media/bitlocker

Replace PASSWORD with your bitlocker password

In case you want to use the recovery password instead, we can decrypt it using that:

sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/sdXY <recov_pass> --  /media/bitlocker
sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/sdaX -p1536987-000000-. . .-000000-000000 -- /media/bitlocker

replace 1536987-000000-. . .-000000-000000 with your recovery password

Now, we finally mount:

sudo -i
cd /media/bitlocker
mount -r -o loop dislocker-file /media/mount

Now you can move to the /media/mount folder and see your decrypted data

For detailed answer look at this answer and that answer


Internet extremely slow on a Ralink 2501USB

I've been having this strange problem a while ago on 10.10 as well: downloading files went as fast as on Windows, but browsing web pages went slower than on Windows. After a while, I found the solution myself: I had to turn off the 'share internet connection' option. I hope doing this will resolve your problem as well.

Please notice that the actual button names may differ, for I am using a Dutch version of Ubuntu. I'm not sure about the buttons' names in English.

Click the network icon on the upper bar of the screen
Click 'Edit Connections'
Select the internet connection that you're using, then click 'Edit...'
Untick the box 'Available for all users'
Click 'Save'

Your browsing speed should now be as fast as in Windows XP.

Good luck.


Do files under /opt and /var change much other than during software installation?

Installations under /opt/ are always 3rd party. Updates of software installed in /opt/ depends on the way that 3rd party believes updates need to be done. Several pieces of software I use have an "check for updates" button in their GUI. Others expect you to download a complete new version of their software and install it side by side with the old verion so they do not bother with updates of the old version. I have seen several software create log files in /opt/ in their own log directory. It really depends on the software in question but I would say no.

/var/: variable files—files whose content is expected to continually change during normal operation of the system—such as logs, spool files, and temporary e-mail files.

  Can they be placed on read-only media?

/opt/: No but depends on the software.
/var/: no. Well, technically yes but you will need to alter all software writing to /var/ to write elsewhere. MySQL stores it database by default in /var/ but that can be changed. Log files tend to go to /var/log/ but that also can be changed. Cups uses /var/spool/ to store temp files for printing and so on.


Install Xubuntu through UNetbootin
I have just installed Xubuntu 20.04 using a Live USB drive made with Unetbootin-700.
I used the Installation Type Option Erase disk and install Xubuntu and the
installation went as planned.
Manual partitioning was not required.

From Unetbootin menu select Install Xubuntu, (if 20.10 select Default, then Install Xubuntu).

From the installation menu select: Language, Keyboard, Network and Updates preferences.

From the Installation type Screen select Erase disk and install Xubuntu.

If you want LVM and Encryption or an Experimental ZFS, the select Advanced features.


Change the mounting point for a HFS+ formated drive

First, create a folder in any path you would like to:

$ sudo mkdir /home/mountpoint

Then just mount in this folder:

$ sudo mount -t hfsplus -o force,rw /dev/sdXY /home/mountpoint

And about the /etc/fstab file: it mounts devices automatically, but just if the deivce is connected to your computer in boot time!

Note: mount command ususaly identify the format, so you don't need to specify -t hfsplus, and for -o (options), it mounts rw, so all you need to do is:

$ sudo mount /dev/sdXY /home/mountpoint


Kernel upgrade breaks Asus USB-N13 WiFi card Ubuntu 12.04

You'll have to rebuild the driver module for your card. Here's how:

Your adapter has a Ralink RT2870 chipset. You can download the official Linux drivers from this site. Save them to your Downloads folder (default):

Open a terminal with Ctrl-Alt-T, and paste the following, line by line:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential
cd Downloads
tar -xaf 2010_0709_RT2870_Linux_STA_v2.4.0.1.tar.bz2
cd 2010_0709_RT2870_Linux_STA_v2.4.0.1
WPA1=HAS_WPA_SUPPLICANT
WPA2=HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT
sed -i -e "s/$WPA1=n/$WPA1=y/g" -e "s/$WPA2=n/$WPA2=y/g" os/linux/config.mk
sudo make && sudo make install && sudo make clean
cd ..

Reboot, and hopefully your wireless connection will work!
Then open up the Downloads folder in the File Manager and delete the downloaded Ralink file/folder.


xrandr: Configure crtc 0 failed when adding 4k@60Hz mode

I found the solution in this post: My laptop, a Dell XPS 15 9560, apparently can only deliver 4k@30Hz over HDMI. The USB-C port in contrast is capable of that, maybe it's connected to the dedicated graphics card and the HDMI isn't. A bit disappointing, but by using a USB-C to HDMI converter, the problem went away. I didn't even have to make any changes to xrandr settings.


Can Ubuntu be installed on systems without an internet connection?

You don't need internet to install any operating system. This is a caprice and can be useful to make some updates for the new system "on the air". But you can make this updates and after the system is installed. So, you don't have nothing to lose.


ISO files are always mounted as read only. So copy files from the mounted ISO to another folder and then make changes you want. You can then use mkisofs to generate a new ISO from the modified folder.


Ubuntu 18.04 Intel Wireless 3165 Network is unreachable

got the same problem and found the solution in
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2215975
as follows (thanks to SeijiSensei's Avatar):

In /etc/network/interfaces, you should have only this entry for the Ethernet connection:

#............
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
#................

reboot your system and you will access the internet.

Cheers,
Faouzi


I own a T410 and I have no troubles with the camera. It works out-of-the box, withoug any effort from my side.
It works both with cheese and skype.
Try Fn + F6 as it seems to control the camera somehow (I don't have the user's manual here with me, to check what they actually do).


Portable Ubuntu with ability to create, mount and remove without traces encrypted virtual disks on any HDD

Regular file systems

Create a file on the existing file system on the internal drive of the computer (probably NTFS) for each (encrypted) partition, that you want to create, assuming the internal file system is mounted at /mnt/internal-drive and 1 GiB as the desired size of the resulting partition:

head -c 1G < /dev/zero > /mnt/internal-drive/some/arbitrary/path/partition.img

If you want a nice progress indicator you can use pv:

head -c 1G < /dev/zero | pv -s 1g -pterab > .../partition.img

If you want to create a partition based on a sparse file instead, use truncate(1) with the --size (shorthand: -s) option to specify the size in bytes:

truncate -s 1073741824 .../partition.img

Sparse files are fast to create and only occupy as much space as needed on the underlying file systems, but can become slow to access due to fragmentation. Some older file systems like FAT don't support sparse files. NTFS does.
Initialise the desired file system in the just created file, e. g. ext4:

mkfs -t ext4 [FS-OPTIONS...] .../partition.img

The file system initialiser may ask you to confirm to create a file system inside a regular file or may even refuse to do so, unless you set a --force flag or similar.
Create a loop device backed by the partition file and mount it. Reasonably recent versions of mount(8), can do this in one step with the loop option:

mount -t ext4 -o defaults,loop[,FS-OPTIONS...] .../partition.img /mnt/my-partition

Enjoy!

Swap partitions

Like step 1 above, but you probably want to avoid the sparse option.
Initialize the swap file:

mkswap /mnt/internal-drive/some/arbitrary/path/swap.img

Swap-on:

swapon [OPTIONS...] /mnt/internal-drive/some/arbitrary/path/swap.img

Block-level encryption

Just like in the previous sections, regular files can be used pretty much like block devices. So you can use cryptsetup(8), crypttab(5), cryptdisks_start(8) and cryptdisks_stop(8) as you normally would, since they create loop devices for regular files automatically:

Like step 1 in the above sections.
If you want to use LUKS to manage your encrypted partition, initialize it:

cryptsetup luksFormat .../partition.img [OPTIONS...]

Open the partition with your chosen encryption type and options:

cryptsetup open .../partition.img <NAME> --type <DEVICE_TYPE> [OPTIONS...]

Where <NAME> is the name of the dm-crypt mapping to create for the partition and <DEVICE_TYPE> is luks, if you have created a LUKS wrapper in step 2, or plain for a plain dm-crypt partition. (cryptsetup supports other device types, but they're either legacy or for TrueCrypt compatibility.)
The encrypted partition is now available at /dev/mapper/<NAME>.

You can create and mount file systems on it like on any block device as outlined in the above sections starting in step 2, or
you can create a partition table inside it with your favourite partition manager, if you want to wrap multiple partitions inside it without having to supply the same passphrase multiple times for them individually:

fdisk /dev/mapper/<NAME>

Ask the kernel to re-read the partition table and to repopulate the device node files in /dev:

partprobe /dev/mapper/<NAME>

You now have the individual partitions available at /dev/mapper/<NAME>1 and so forth.

Mounting at boot

You can create fstab (and crypttab) entries for theses partitions just like you would normally, but with the loop option like above. File-based swap spaces don't need special mount options. You just need to take care to mount the underlying filesystem on the internal drive before these new partitions. E. g.:

LABEL=Windows    /mnt/internal-drive    ntfs    defaults    0  2
/mnt/internal-drive/some/arbitrary/path/home.img    /home    ext4     defaults,loop    0  3
/mnt/internal-drive/some/arbitrary/path/swap.bin    none     swap     sw    0  0

Destroying the file system afterwards

Short version: Don't! Use encryption and destroy the key.

Long version: Overwriting or "shredding" of individual files works under the assumption, that the file never occupied other drive sectors than it currently does (e. g. because the file system or one of its maintenance tools (e. g. de-fragmentation) decided to relocate them) and that no file data ever leaks into file system meta-data section (e. g. like during journalling). These assumptions may hold under most circumstances for older, non-journalling file systems (FAT, ext2). For NTFS, ext3/4 and HFS+ they don't hold reliably except under rare, impractical/unrealistic conditions.

You can go as far as to overwrite all unallocated sectors in addition to the sector currently occupied by the drive image file. Microsoft's cipher.exe can do this for NTFS, which supposedly catches almost all sectors, that may still contain left-overs of your precious file system image.


Ubuntu 14.10 x32 Nvidia Screen Resoulution Problem

As per your Monitor's manual you need to hold the power button for 5 seconds and use the "auto adjust"...

Low quality reviewers: another complex problem solved by a simple solution.  ;-)


First off, just relax. See my answer to a similar question in the forum:
Cannot access Windows via grub after new dual-boot Ubuntu install

The lower section, marked Amended, contains a link to a series of options for booting Windows from a series of different sources, with a System Backup Image using Recovery Control Panel being the recommended option, although you may need to use pre-installed recovery options, depending on the state of your Windows installation.


How to get an ubuntu workspace switcher that is always visible?

There are a few ways I know of to make switching worspaces easier and faster.

You can search for "cairo" dock in the ubuntu software center. This dock has a workspace switch applet which you can set to always be on top. I don't know if it supports dragging and dropping onto the applet.
Another way is pressing super+S. On a windows keyboard this is win-logo+S or on a Mac press command+S to show all the virtual desktops. This way you can grab active windows and place them on the desktop of your liking. Double click on the desired workspace to zoom in to it.
Yet another way of switching between desktops is to hold alt+ctrl followed by a directional key (left, right, up, down). You can drag active windows from one workspace to another by adding shift to that combination: alt+ctrl+shift and a directional button.


Ubuntu dropped Wubi-support since 13.04. You can't use it for 13.04 or newer. I suggest you to use 12.10 or 12.04 LTS.


Look for a .crash file in /var/crash. It's a text file, you can open it and read it. It will have lots of technical detail about what went wrong.
When you "report the problem", the whoopsie service on your system sends that .crash report to the daisy server at Canonical. No personal information or contact information is in the crash report.
You won't receive a response when you send a problem report. Daisy has no idea who you are or how to reach you (and doesn't want to know). Crash reports are summarized at http://errors.ubuntu.com -- take a look.
Crashes are considered bugs, so your crash report likely has a corresponding bug report on the Ubuntu Bug Tracker, located at launchpad.net. That bug report may be private, so you might not see it (remember, your name isn't on the bug report!)
As bugs get fixed, those bugfixes go into the next release of Ubuntu (rarely the current release). The time between your report and the fix that cures the crash may be days...but it also may be months or years. Some bugs are really hard to duplicate in a test environment.


Bluetooth audio device connected but not showing up in audio devices

I tried to load the module first but I got a Failure: Module initialization failed so you have to unload the module first:
pactl unload-module module-bluetooth-discover

and then load it again:
pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover

After that I was able to see the audio device in audio settings.


Setting Up External DNS and Nameserver Through GoDaddy On a Dedicated Server

Yes, if you want to have 111.222.333.444 provide dns services, then it needs some sort of dns server, such as bind, to be running on it, and listening on port 53.

Your update for test1.com is how most do it. i.e. use some major dns service for the external DNS stuff.


Can't access System Settings or Catalyst!

Okay, everything's fixed.

What I had to do was purge (i.e. completely remove) all of my AMD Radeon HD 6630M drivers and software:

sudo apt-get purge "fglrx.*"

Restart.

Install all of my AMD Radeon HD 6630M drivers and software from scratch again:

sudo apt-get install fglrx fglrx-core fglrx-amdcccle fglrx-pxpress
sudo ln -svT /usr/lib /usr/lib64 #Only for Ubuntu 64bits
sudo amdconfig --initial

Restart.

Everything works fine now!

Note to self, avoid the HDMI port and the embedded (Intel) graphics...

Thanks go to @BrunoPereira and @Snorky35 for their respective instructions posted here and here


Can't type anything in to to reset admin password

Run the following command to remount in read write mode:

mount -o remount,rw /

Now, you should be able to reset your password using the passwd command:

passwd lunar

enter the new password before pressing Enter.

www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/resetpassword

help.ubuntu.com/community/LostPassword


Wammu comes closest, as far as I know, the feature to make phone-calls hasn't been implemented. The feature list includes:

Complete support (can read/edit/delete/copy) for contacts, todo, calendar
Can read/create/save/send/backup SMSes
Sending files to phone (OBEX and Sony Ericsson phones only)
SMS composer for multi part SMes (currently only text and predefined bitmap/sound can be edited)
Display message including pictures and ringtones playback
Support for backup and import in various formats (vCard, vCalendar, vTodo, iCalendar, gammu own backup,...)
Export messages to mail (IMAP4, maildir and mailbox storages are supported)
Searching for phone
Translated into several languages
rated as best on many software servers


(Probably) your network doesn't use DHCP and you need to enter the settings manually (IP address, subnet mask, gateway and DNS servers).

Please boot into Windows 7 and look at the network settings there.


Test tools to detect bad sectors on hard disk?

No, OSes does not know it directly.

Bad block management is not done this way nowadays.

When hard drive detects CRC/ECC error on a sector/block, it will try to correct the data and remap the sector elsewhere, this is automatically done when you read the sectors.

This is called "spare sector" mechanism.  Spare sectors are often from several hundred KBs to several MBs.

You can only find out the health status through "S.M.A.R.T.", and you should replace it before "reallocated blocks" are increasing too many(which indicates bad HDD health status).

If OS really encounters an I/O error on your drive and bad blocks marked by file system, it often means your spare sectors are depleted, you shouldn't use it anymore or you're going to lose (some) data.

For reading S.M.A.R.T., install Smartmontools by sudo apt install --no-install-recommends smartmontools and read smart status using command sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdX


The closest I can think of is to run popularity-contest > out.txt which will take a while to generate a file, out.txt, listing programs, from most recently used to least recently used. I get the impression that ...

The first column is the most recent time (epoch format) the program was used
and the next column is the time it was first used (or installed?).
The only programs listed are, I think, programs that are registered
(as a result of being installed via apt-get or the Software Center).
Those that aren't, don't figure in the list. For example, I installed
Seamonkey by uncompressing a tar.gz. That doesn't show.

The output of popularity-contest looks like this:

POPULARITY-CONTEST-0 TIME:1359204011 ID:ae1dc87f150c489082f0ddb28af40350 ARCH:i386 POPCONVER:1.53ubuntu1
1359204011 1349657211 openbox /usr/bin/openbox
1359204011 1349657211 xscreensaver /usr/bin/xscreensaver
1359204011 1354294761 perl-base /usr/bin/perl
1359204011 1349833421 update-notifier /usr/bin/update-notifier
1359204011 1349657224 xfconf /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/xfce4/xfconf/xfconfd
1359204011 1349657224 lxpanel /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/lxpanel/plugins/monitors.so
1359204011 1349657225 policykit-1-gnome /usr/lib/policykit-1-gnome/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1
1359204011 1358559008 lxterminal /usr/bin/lxterminal
1359204011 1349664550 ttf-ubuntu-font-family /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ubuntu-font-family/Ubuntu-RI.ttf
1359204011 1349664535 pcmanfm /usr/bin/pcmanfm
1359204011 1349657224 lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/lxpanel/plugins/indicator.so
1359204011 1349657235 ttf-dejavu-core /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-dejavu/DejaVuSansMono-Bold.ttf
1359204011 1349657210 lxsession /usr/bin/lxsession
1359204011 1349833422 update-notifier-common /usr/share/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/update-notifier.mo
1359204011 1349664531 network-manager-gnome /usr/bin/nm-applet
1359204011 1349657205 zlib1g /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so.1.2.7
1359204011 1352212906 xfce4-power-manager /usr/bin/xfce4-power-manager
1359204008 1349657221 libxfconf-0-2 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libxfconf-0.so.2.0.0
1359204008 1358215752 libnss3 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/nss/libfreebl3.so
1359204008 1349657221 libvorbis0a /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvorbis.so.0.4.5
1359204008 1349657221 libvorbisenc2 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvorbisenc.so.2.0.8
1359204008 1349657217 libxcursor1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libXcursor.so.1.0.2
1359204008 1349657217 libx11-6 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6.3.0
1359204008 1349657221 libtasn1-3 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libtasn1.so.3.1.16
1359204008 1349657221 libwind0-heimdal /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libwind.so.0.0.0

The first two columns can be converted by pasting the entire output into a spreadsheet. I used LibreOffice Calc for the purpose and inserted blank columns after each column of "epoch time". I then filled down with a formula to convert "epoch time" to human-readable time (and using Format, Cells, Time to get a suitable format).

For the first row of data, assuming the first "epoch time" cell is in A2, put =(A2/86400)+25569 in B2 and fill down. Do the same for the second "epoch time", using =(C2/86400)+25569 in cell D2.

The content, just a few lines, then looks like this:

POPULARITY-CONTEST-0        TIME:1359204011     ID:ae1dc87f150c489082f0ddb28af40350 ARCH:i386
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657211  08/10/2012 00:46:51 openbox /usr/bin/openbox
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657211  08/10/2012 00:46:51 xscreensaver    /usr/bin/xscreensaver
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1354294761  30/11/2012 16:59:21 perl-base   /usr/bin/perl
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349833421  10/10/2012 01:43:41 update-notifier /usr/bin/update-notifier
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657224  08/10/2012 00:47:04 xfconf  /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/xfce4/xfconf/xfconfd
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657224  08/10/2012 00:47:04 lxpanel /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/lxpanel/plugins/monitors.so
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657225  08/10/2012 00:47:05 policykit-1-gnome   /usr/lib/policykit-1-gnome/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1358559008  19/01/2013 01:30:08 lxterminal  /usr/bin/lxterminal
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349664550  08/10/2012 02:49:10 ttf-ubuntu-font-family  /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ubuntu-font-family/Ubuntu-RI.ttf
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349664535  08/10/2012 02:48:55 pcmanfm /usr/bin/pcmanfm
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657224  08/10/2012 00:47:04 lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/lxpanel/plugins/indicator.so
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657235  08/10/2012 00:47:15 ttf-dejavu-core /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-dejavu/DejaVuSansMono-Bold.ttf
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657210  08/10/2012 00:46:50 lxsession   /usr/bin/lxsession
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349833422  10/10/2012 01:43:42 update-notifier-common  /usr/share/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/update-notifier.mo
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349664531  08/10/2012 02:48:51 network-manager-gnome   /usr/bin/nm-applet
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1349657205  08/10/2012 00:46:45 zlib1g  /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so.1.2.7
1359204011  26/01/2013 12:40:11 1352212906  06/11/2012 14:41:46 xfce4-power-manager /usr/bin/xfce4-power-manager
1359204008  26/01/2013 12:40:08 1349657221  08/10/2012 00:47:01 libxfconf-0-2   /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libxfconf-0.so.2.0.0
1359204008  26/01/2013 12:40:08 1358215752  15/01/2013 02:09:12 libnss3 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/nss/libfreebl3.so
1359204008  26/01/2013 12:40:08 1349657221  08/10/2012 00:47:01 libvorbis0a /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvorbis.so.0.4.5
1359204008  26/01/2013 12:40:08 1349657221  08/10/2012 00:47:01 libvorbisenc2   /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvorbisenc.so.2.0.8
1359204008  26/01/2013 12:40:08 1349657217  08/10/2012 00:46:57 libxcursor1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libXcursor.so.1.0.2
1359204008  26/01/2013 12:40:08 1349657217  08/10/2012 00:46:57 libx11-6    /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6.3.0
1359204008  26/01/2013 12:40:08 1349657221  08/10/2012 00:47:01 libtasn1-3  /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libtasn1.so.3.1.16
1359204008  26/01/2013 12:40:08 1349657221  08/10/2012 00:47:01 libwind0-heimdal    /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libwind.so.0.0.0

You can read more at popcon.ubuntu.com but a quote from there is here:

  Q) What information is reported by popularity-contest ?

  A) popularity-contest reports the system architecture you use, the
  version of    popularity-contest you use and the list of packages
  installed on your    system. For each package, popularity-contest
  looks at the most recently used    (based on atime) files, and reports
  the filename, its last access time    (atime) and last change time
  (ctime). However, some files are not    considered, because they have
  unreliable atime.

You can also run man popularity-contest for more information.


Before you can mount a disk, you need to have a mountpoint (which is a directory). The general command for mounting a partition is:

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

Here, /dev/sdb1 is the first (1) partition on the second disk (b). If the command was succesful, the filesystem wil be available at /mnt. Only the superuser can mount new filesystems, therefore sudo is prepended on the command. If you're mounting multiple partitions, you might want to create a folder before use:

sudo mkdir /media/mountp
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/mountp

Do not forget to remove the directory after unmounting it:

sudo umount /media/mountp
sudo rmdir /media/mountp


It works fine in Windows 10, but in Ubuntu it started crashing suddenly a week after you installed a theme on your GUI. Uninstall the theme on your GUI from text-only recovery mode.
Immediately after the BIOS/UEFI splash screen during boot, with BIOS, quickly press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up a GNU GRUB menu screen. With UEFI press (perhaps several times) the Esc key to get to the GNU GRUB menu screen. Sometimes the manufacturer's splash screen is a part of the Windows bootloader, so when you power up the machine it goes straight to the GNU GRUB menu screen, and then pressing Shift is unnecessary.
The timing when to press the left Shift key can be tricky, so sometimes if you miss it you need to try it again. If that doesn't work try the answers to I can't get the GRUB menu to show up during boot.
You will see a GNU GRUB menu screen that looks like this. Select Advanced options for Ubuntu and press Enter.

A new purple screen will appear showing a list of kernels, which includes options of booting the kernels normally or in recovery mode.

Press the down arrow key until you select the 2nd entry from the top (the one with the recovery mode in the description) and then press Enter twice.
Now you should see this recovery menu:

Using the arrow keys scroll down to network (the third entry from the bottom in the Recovery Menu) and then press Enter.
Using the arrow keys scroll down to root (the second entry from the bottom in the Recovery Menu) and then press Enter.
You should now see a root prompt and you can run commands from it. Uninstall the GUI theme that you installed last week and reboot with sudo reboot.


Ok so here is what I did
I was moving my Ubuntu to a bigger HD since the old HD was running outta space
Below are the steps that I did to get the extra space to show under df -h

First I used clonzilla to clone it to the bigger HD
Then I used gparted to repartition the HD
Then I used pvresize
Then I used lvxtend
Then I used resize2fs

then df -h showed the extra space...

hope this helps any1 that have the same problem
and please comment on whether i did it right or not

thanks!


Just installed Ubuntu 12.04 on my Acer Aspire 5740G laptop, it constantly shuts down itself due temperature, how to diagnostique?

It sounds like you are 90% of the way there, having actually checked the GPU drivers.

There are several versions of the Acer Aspire 5740, some with Intel Mobile graphics and the others with ATI Radeon Mobility graphics. There are reports from some ATI users that they need to install the proprietary FGLRX drivers (via System Settings, Additional Drivers) for system temperatures to be more normal.


Seems that there is some trick around Nautilus, since I was able to reproduce the same behavior in Debian. But, just in case, try to re-set the icon for the Dropbox folder:

Right click the directory/folder.
Click Properties.
Click the "Icon" besides the Name:.
Look for the desired icon or hit Revert.

The changes should be immediate, but in your case a log-in/off might be necessary to verify that everything is in order.


Brightness control of new Ryzen GPUs is properly supported by Linux kernels starting with the 5.8 version.
This version will get into Ubuntu 20.04 with a HWE stack.
Currently you can install the 5.8 kernel by running
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-20.04-edge

You will run the 5.8 kernel after a reboot.


How do I refresh GT5 every X amount of seconds?

Easy peasy:

watch -n30 -t 'gt5'

This command runs gt5 every 30 seconds.


Ubuntu 14.04 deleted www directory from /var/www and need to restore it

Taking the recommended permissions from https://askubuntu.com/a/51337/175814, as super-user run:

mkdir -m 0775 /var/www
chown www-data:www-data /var/www


Stuck on Ubuntu loading after turning on my computer

I ended up fixing it by unplugging my computer. Sorry for wasting your time.


A task has run on your machine that had some output, but had nowhere to leave it. So it sent you an email. Because there is no full email system on your machine either, all it could do was to write a message in /var/spool/mail/root.

Switch to the root user and see what the mail is about:

sudo less /var/spool/mail/root


The only reason I can think of that you would use the 32 bit version of Ubuntu in a PC with a multi-core, 64-bit processor is if you had less than 4 GB of RAM. Even then, you will still see better CPU performance with the 64 bit version, just less efficient RAM usage.

Since you have a machine that is specifically designed to run a 64-bit operating system, you should go with that. Nowadays, most applications run on 64 bit machines. Unless you have a specific application you want to compile and run for 32 bit Linux, you should go for the 64 bit version.


Pode ser que falhou alguma coisa no update, tenta entrar no Recovery Mode.

Se não funcionar, tenta apertar F8 antes depois do grub iniciar, vai aparecer uma tela de comandos, tenta os comandos mais comuns:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Para tentar reinstalar a parte gráfica:

sudo apt-get install gnome-panel

ou se você usar o unity:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


Strange new rules added to my iptables config... Was my server hacked?

Quoting man ufw:

NOTES
       On installation, ufw is disabled with  a  default  incoming  policy  of
       deny,  a  default forward policy of deny, and a default outgoing policy
       of allow, with stateful tracking for NEW connections for  incoming  and
       forwarded  connections.  In addition to the above, a default ruleset is
       put in place that does the following:

       [ ... ]

       - ACCEPT mDNS (zeroconf/bonjour/avahi 224.0.0.251 for IPv4 and ff02::fb
       for IPv6) for service discovery (INPUT)

       - ACCEPT UPnP (239.255.255.250 for IPv4 and ff02::f for IPv6) for ser‐
       vice discovery (INPUT)

So these two rules you are seeing are part of ufw's default settings and allow mDNS and UPnP services to work.


X Ubuntu bluetooth audio sync not working

I ran into this problem connecting via bluetooth to a Sony soundbar on xubuntu 14.10 as well. I solved it by installing the pulseaudio bluetooth module:

# Install Module
sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-module-bluetooth

# Kill Pulseaudio (it'll auto-restart)
pulseaudio -k


how can i download videos from the internet

I use uGet on my ubuntu 16.04

Installation :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:plushuang-tw/uget-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install uget

To integrate uGet to Firefox browser, install FlashGot addon.

Once installed, in Firefox menu go to Tools > FlashGot > More Options

Under Download Manager, choose uGet

Now, you can right-click the link and choose FlashGot Link option

For download video:

in Firefox menu go to Tools > FlashGot > More Options

choose FlashGot Media

Under Download Manager, choose uGet and tick Show toolbar button

go to play video in ex: youtube and in toolbar will be there is icon like this

right click the icon, choose Available formats to download. then OK.

That's it


Screen is being displayed to the left of normal position in Ubuntu

I have found how to fix it on my specific monitor. I went to the settings of the monitor, selected auto adjust, which let me get the screen at the right position then I adjusted the vertical value to set the display in the right place. This still wouldn't work on a monitor without those options.


Hosted website unavailable after uninstalling local copy

After retracing my steps to install Lamp and my Wordpress site locally, I realized that one of the sites I used had me edit etc/hosts to have localhost and the hosted url point to the local copy of my WP site.

As I had deleted that local site, hosts could only tell me that it couldn't connect.  Removing the pointers from hosts allowed me to access the hosted site.


After badblocks found read error, the Reallocated Sector Count wasn't updated

WDC WD5000BMVW-11AMCS0
First we disable UAS for this WDC drive...
# drop this into /etc/modprobe.d/disable_uas.conf
# -rw-r--r--   1 root root  500 Apr 30 06:59 disable-uas.conf
#
# sources:
# https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/525290/usb-hdd-not-found
# https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/239782/connection-problem-with-usb3-external-storage-on-linux-uas-driver-problem
#
# examples:
# options usb-storage quirks=059f:105e:u
# options usb-storage quirks=059f:105f:u,059f:105e:u,174c:1351:u
#
# do these commands:
# sudo update-initramfs -u
# reboot
#
# WDC WD5000BMVW-11AMCS0 drive
# Bus 001 Device 007: ID 1058:0730 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. My Passport Essential (WDBACY)
options usb-storage quirks=1058:0730:u

Bad Block
Then we bad block using the recommended method...
Note: do NOT abort a bad block scan!
Note: do NOT bad block a SSD
Note: backup your important files FIRST!
Note: this will take many hours
Note: you may have a pending HDD failure
Boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode.
In terminal...
sudo fdisk -l # identify all "Linux Filesystem" partitions
sudo e2fsck -fcky /dev/sdXX # read-only test
or
sudo e2fsck -fccky /dev/sdXX # non-destructive read/write test (recommended)
The -k is important, because it saves the previous bad block table, and adds any new bad blocks to that table. Without -k, you loose all of the prior bad block information.
The -fccky parameter...
   -f    Force checking even if the file system seems clean.

   -c    This option causes e2fsck to use badblocks(8) program to do
         a read-only scan of the device in order to find any bad blocks.
         If any bad blocks are found, they are added to the bad block
         inode to prevent them from being allocated to a file or direc‐
         tory.  If this option is specified twice, then the bad block scan
         will be done using a non-destructive read-write test.

   -k    When combined with the -c option, any existing bad blocks in the
         bad blocks list are preserved, and any new bad blocks found by
         running badblocks(8) will be added to the existing bad blocks
         list.

   -y    Assume an answer of `yes' to all questions; allows e2fsck to be
         used non-interactively. This option may not be specified at the
         same time as the -n or -p options.


Script not running at startup using crontab

Add the script to root's crontab.

sudo crontab -e

You can now leave out the sudo in the script.


How can I create a deb package with 'folders' and files in it

Folders are handled in the same way as files. Add a line to the your_application.install file, like your_wallpapers /usr/share/, to install the your_wallpapers folder into the directory /usr/share/.


Failed to set card profile to 'a2dp_sink' , help

I have seen this error and it is due to a bug with either pulseaudio or bluez.  You may likely find that setting the audio profile to off, then disconnect from the headphones, reconnect to the headphones and then you may have no issues using A2DP.  It appears that your script may do that but you may find pylover's a2dp.py python script will work for you
wget https://gist.githubusercontent.com/pylover/d68be364adac5f946887b85e6ed6e7ae/raw/d698974910bbb7d016ec0ad08c1bf41b4b524364/a2dp.py
alias headphones="a2dp.py 04:52:C7:0D:9E:13"

Then when you want to use your headphones, just type headphones


Rabbit VCS stopped working after upgrade to 11.10

Update: I've now uploaded the packages to the PPA.

Update: See this mailing list post — there should be a release soon.

I'm the packager for RabbitVCS, and I can confirm that @kikixx is correct — the changes in the Nautilus/Python bindings to v1.0 require a bit of work before the extension is usable in Ubuntu 11.10.

Adam is working on this, but he's not quite there yet (as evinced by the reports of those running the extension out of SVN). Once it's working, we'll have it up in our testing PPA. I honestly don't know how long that'll take though.


What to do after unzipping the Java EE 7 sdk .zip file?

What you should do next depends on what you want to do. I guess when you want to develop something you surely use a very good java IDE. In this case, the IDE needs to know the place of your SDK so that it can use the compiler and the libraries. In IDEA, you only need to tell where you unpacked the SDK zip and it sets up everything for you. On my machine, I have all java SDK's in my home directory and the IDEA and it looks like the following

When you are using another IDE like Netbeans or Eclipse, then the way to tell the IDE about the SDK might be a bit different, but the general approach is the same.


Remount root read-write:

mount -o remount,rw /

This is so you can edit files under /etc/.

Edit /etc/network/interfaces

Add:

auto enp0s2
iface enp0s2 inet dhcp

Run: ifup enp0s2

It is 'enp0s2' and not 'eth0' because of kernel modifications that were added to support Predictable Network Interface Names


How to find the number of packages needing update from the command line?

To obtain that output, you can use the command

sudo /usr/lib/update-notifier/update-motd-updates-available

or, if you don't want to use sudo,

cat /var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available

Explanation

The login application shows the output found in the file /etc/motd, that is a symbolic link to /var/run/motd.

This last file is updated by the mounted-varrun service (see /etc/init/mounted-varrun.conf) invoking all scripts in /etc/update-motd.d/, and in particular

/etc/update-motd.d/90-updates-available

that in turn calls the script

/usr/lib/update-notifier/update-motd-updates-available

this script executes various actions, and at last writes the output to the text file

/var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available

EDIT

Regarding the reboot part of the question, run this command

/usr/lib/update-notifier/update-motd-reboot-required

it will give no output if reboot is not required.


Is there a way to still use Checkgmail on ubuntu 13.10?

Try gmail-indicator. The person who made this did this for 13.04+. From the read me:

  INSTALLATION

  Make sure IMAP access is enabled in the settings on your gmail
  account. Then do:

sudo apt-get install python-pip git gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1
sudo pip install imapclient
git clone http://github.com/bulletmark/gmail-indicator
cd gmail-indicator
make install  # Do this as your normal user, NOT as sudo/root.

  Edit your gmail username & password in ~/.gmail-indicator-rc. Also
  change the command option there to something that works on your system
  if you want an audible sound on new emails. Test that command manually
  first. Disable, i.e. comment out, the command option if you don't want
  new email sound. You can also use the folder command to check another
  label/folder, e.g, [Gmail]/Important, rather than the default INBOX.

  IMPORTANT: Test the program. Check for reported errors, missing
  packages, etc:

~/bin/gmail-indicator -di  # to test
(<ctrl-c> to stop application)

  Search for, and then start, the gmail-indicator app in Ubuntu or GNOME
  It will start automatically at log in and run in the background
  checking for new mail. On Ubuntu, you can also start gmail-indicator
  from the Ubuntu messaging menu.

  REMOVAL

cd gmail-indicator  # Source dir, as above
make uninstall      # Do this as your normal user, NOT as sudo/root.


Mine are saved in ~/Pictures/Webcam. Also, I can right-click the images in cheese then a menu will pop up with the options: Open, Save As..., Move to Trash and Delete.


how do you get ubuntu for android via windows 7

You do, indeed, need to install Touch into Ubuntu. You have two choices:

Make your PC a dual boot with both Windows 8 and Ubuntu, leaving Windows 8 intact but shrinking the space on the hard drive/SSD it uses and give some space to Ubuntu, around 8GB or so. The process is pretty painless and menu-driven, and you can resize things later without needing to reinstall either Windows or Ubuntu.

Set up virtualization in the Windows operating system, then install Ubuntu as a virtual machine, and Touch inside the Ubuntu virtual machine. This is more difficult.


Cannot log in to Ubuntu after changing /etc/fstab

Try to edit with sudo:

sudo nano /etc/fstab


Ubuntu 14.04 + Windows 7, cannot boot into Windows

First you need to fix your Windows boot manager:

boot your system using Windows installation CD or via USB flash drive
go to "repair your system"
use command prompt (Troubleshoot ► Advanced Options ► Command Prompt)
type bootrec /fixboot then hit enter
type bootrec /fixmbr then hit enter
exit

This time your system will boot directly into Windows.

Now restore back your grub loader:

boot your system using Ubuntu installation CD or via USB flash drive
Select "Try Ubuntu without installation" option from startup menu
Open a Terminal (use Ctlr+Alt+T)
Your Ubuntu OS installed in sdb2 (thanks your info). Now mount /dev/sdb2 by the following commands:

sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt
for i in /sys /proc /run /dev;do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt$i";done

Switch to root directory of Ubuntu by using the below command:

sudo chroot /mnt

And run below command to install grub to main partition sdb:

grub-install /dev/sdb

Update grub and exit and reboot your system.

update-grub
exit
sudo reboot

Hope this helps.


I am running natty and the man page is included in the package apt

The content of the page is

    apt(8)
    apt(8)

  NAME
         apt - Advanced Package Tool

  SYNOPSIS
         apt

  DESCRIPTION
         APT is a management system for software packages. For normal
  day to day
         package management there are several frontends available, such
  as apti‐
         tude(8)  for  the  command line or synaptic(8) for the X Window
  System.
         Some options are only implemented in apt-get(8) though.

  SEE ALSO
         apt-cache(8),  apt-get(8),  apt.conf(5),  sources.list(5),
  apt_prefer‐
         ences(5), apt-secure(8)

  DIAGNOSTICS
         apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error.

  BUGS
         This manpage isn't even started.

   See  <http://bugs.debian.org/apt>.  If you wish to report a bug

  in apt,
         please see /usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt or the
  reportbug(1)
         command.

  AUTHOR
         apt was written by the APT team .

  Debian GNU/Linux                 16 June 1998
  apt(8)

So basically, if you have the man pages for apt-cache, apt-get, apt.conf, sources.list, apt-prefer-ences and apt-secure, you have the documentation.

See also : online man page


Open several vim-encrypted files with the same password

The encryption password used by Vim for encrypting and decrypting files is stored in the key variable, see :help encryption. This variable is normally local to a Vim buffer, so Vim uses a unique password for each encrypted file that is opened or saved. Vim will prompt for a new password when a different encrypted file is opened for the first time.

To make the password global, enter

:set key=asdf

in Vim, where asdf is the password. After explicitly giving the key variable a value like this, Vim will use the same password for subsequent encrypted files that are opened with :e or :n in the same Vim instance.

The key variable can be set on the Vim command line used to open the files with

vim --cmd "set key=asdf" a.txt b.txt c.txt

Beware: this records the password in the clear to your shell history file (for example ~/.bash_history) and to all other users on the system by simply looking at a list of running processes with ps.

Other solutions for encrypting files transparently with Vim are possible, the Vim wiki offers this page of tips on encryption, including executing PGP or GnuPG automatically when opening and saving files based on the file extension.


wget has a built-in flag for this: wget -i your_list, where your_list is a file containing URL's delimited by linebreaks.
You can find this kind of thing by reading man wget


in console:

 export http_proxy='http://full_URL_to_pac_file'

for synaptic / apt - add the following lines to /etc/apt/apt.conf

 Acquire::http::Proxy "http://username:password@proxy:port";
 Acquire::ftp::Proxy "ftp://username:password@proxy:port";


Restart issues with iMac and Ubuntu 12.04

maybe ACPI is not enabled

try to shutdown using sudo shutdown -h now
update your bios (if applicable)
install acpi using sudo apt-get install acpid and try to shutdown again
when the shutdown hangs press the left arrow key to see the diagnostics


Can udev be used (udev rules) to whitelist certain usb devices?

A key to writing the proper rules is understanding that udev rules are applied in a certain order.  The default, package-supplied rules are in /lib/udev/rules.d/.  Leave those files alone.  Local rules should be placed in /etc/udev/rules.d/ which takes precedence over /lib/udev/rules.d.

Your file (if you choose to create a new one) must end in .rules and it can be named as you like, however the numbered files will be processed first.  If you want to override a numbered rules file, choose a higher number for your file name, or choose a file name without a number, it will run after all the numbered rules files.  So the idea is: make your total blacklist rule run first and then the whilelist rules afterwards to allow the specific devices you want to allow.

It has already been pointed out however, that this attack requires physical access and such vulnerabilities are usually fixed quickly.  However, what's even more interesting is the fact that if you were using Ubuntu 9.10 and above, you were never really vulnerable to this attack anyway.  Since 9.10 evince's AppArmor profile would have contained the rogue process and limited it to pwning your thumbnails.  See: USN-1035-1: Evince vulnerabilities


You can use Upstart in Ubuntu

Create a .conf file in /etc/init

For example your-runconce.conf

description "runonce script"
author "your name"

start on starting network-manager

exec /path/to/executable/script

This will create a upstart script that will runonce after network-manager is up.


I've stuffed my Banshee config, now it won't start

Here is two step workouts to this...

Go to your home folder, hit Ctrl+h to view dotted (hidden) files.
Alternatively go to menu >> View >> Show hidden files

Then search for the folder .config open it and search for .banshee
Delete the folder .banshee

Then throw up the terminal : Ctrl+Alt+t
issue these commands one by one

sudo apt-get purge banshee
sudo apt-get remove banshee
sudo apt-get install banshee


Cannot restart apache after installing mod_wsgi

libpython2.7.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or
  directory

I'd suggest to install python2.7 (both the interpreter and the library):

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libpython2.7 python2.7

To find which package(s) provide libpython2.7.so.1.0 I used this query.


You can use the Perl-type regular expression to simplify the grep, and xargs needs `-d '\n' because the URLs are one per line:

curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/releases/latest |grep -Po 'browser_download_url"[^"]+"\K[^"]+' |xargs -d '\n' curl -L -O

and then in a separate step uncompress all the .tar.gz files:

tar xf *.tar.gz

If you need one statement, you can connect them together with &&.


In order to install ubuntu-make without adding a ppa, run these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-make
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ubuntu-make

In order to quickly and easily install PyCharm Community Edition in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu, open the terminal and type:

sudo snap install --classic pycharm-community

This command will install a standalone PyCharm snap package which does not depend on ubuntu-make.


Your modem most likely had an electrical defect. There is certainly no firmware writing going on over usb unless you invoke specific software to do that. However, you might want to check the voltage on your usb ports. If it exceeds 5 V by much, your PC's power supply or some voltage regulator on your motherboard might be faulty.

Generally only hdds take unkindly to unpluggin as the buffer can not be written (dataloss) or the writehaed hits the disk resulting in scrates.


Help - Command/Script to calculate WiFi speed and save

Hello to all the community,

In the end, I created a script that does what I want.

Surely there is a simpler solution, but this works for me.

If anyone is interested, here I leave.

#!/bin/bash

date=$(date --iso-8601=seconds)
printf 'TIME (s)\tSIGNAL STRENGTH (dBm)\t\tTxBITRATE (MBit/s)\t\tRxBITRATE (MBit/s)\t\tRxRATE (KB/s)\t\tTxRATE (KB/s)\n' >"$date"
printf '\n' >>"$date"

for ((i=0; i<=120; i=i+1)); do

iw dev wlan0 station dump | awk -vt=$i '$1=="signal:"{s=$2} $1=="tx"{txb=$3} $1=="tx"{texttx=$5 $6 $7}  $1=="rx"{rxb=$3} $1=="rx"{textrx=$5 $6 $7}  END {printf "%d\t\t\t%d\t\t\t%.1f\t%s\t\t\t%.1f\t%s", t, s, txb, texttx, rxb, textrx}' >>"$date"

rx1= grep "wlan0" /proc/net/dev | awk '$1=="wlan0:"{print "1: -" $2}' > "salida1"
tx1= grep "wlan0" /proc/net/dev | awk '$1=="wlan0:"{print "1: -" $10}' > "salida2"
    sleep 1

rx2= grep "wlan0" /proc/net/dev | awk '$1=="wlan0:"{print "2: "$2}' >> "salida1"
tx2= grep "wlan0" /proc/net/dev | awk '$1=="wlan0:"{print "2: "$10}' >> "salida2"

awk '{ sum += $2/1000 } END { printf "\t\t\t"sum}' salida1 >> "$date"
sum=0;
awk '{ sum += $2/1000 } END { print "\t\t\t"sum}' salida2 >> "$date"
sum=0;

done

Greetings,

AntonioG.


Grub not Showing 15.1, When I turn on the PC, it directly boots to Ubuntu 15.1 and shows no choice for Windows 7

You can use Grub Customiser to simply configure your grub:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer


Assuming that by "a comment" you are referring to an entry in the GECOS field, you can do this using the newusers command. From man newusers:

NAME
       newusers - update and create new users in batch

SYNOPSIS
       newusers [options] [file]

DESCRIPTION
       The newusers command reads a file (or the standard input by default)
       and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to
       create new users. Each line is in the same format as the standard
       password file (see passwd(5)) with the exceptions explained below:

       pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell

Ex.

$ sudo newusers << EOF
bob:12$dta%:::comment:/home/bob:/bin/bash
EOF
[sudo] password for steeldriver:

Checking

$ getent passwd bob
bob:x:1002:1002:comment:/home/bob:/bin/bash
$ ls -ld /home/bob
drwxr-xr-x 2 bob bob 4096 Nov 29 20:25 /home/bob


How do I start an application on another desktop as default?

Under CompizConfig Settings Manager >> Place Windows >> Fixed Window Placement >> Windows with fixed viewport, configure as follows - class=Wine, x=2, y=1, and that works fine.

To get the correct window name, use the + button and Grab the title.


For this problem, we should add the following lines to /etc/group:

inet:x:3003:root
net_raw:x:3004:root


Yes, it does: I found a firewire external drive adapter lying around, inserted a spare hard drive, plugged it into Linux 14.04 box, and it worked.


Find out the machines' ip address and configure them in /etc/hosts.  Then use the name you assign to the ip's as for your configuration.

Synergy searching for an /etc/synergy.conf file first and will use this by default if it fines it.  Having a this file you can start the server just by running synergys on the commandline.

$ synergys

This is a basic synergy.conf to get you started:
/etc/synergy.conf:

section: screens
        desktop:
        laptop:
end
section: links
        desktop:
                right = laptop
        laptop:
                left = desktop
end

You can name the specifications desktop and laptop any name.  I gave them this name for example.  As long as you place the specified names in the /etc/hosts file, they will be found.

/etc/hosts:

# Lines appended to the host file
192.168.1.100     desktop
192.168.1.101     laptop

You can start the client by running this cli on the laptop:

$ /usr/bin/synergyc -n laptop desktop

The "-n" is telling the server your guest machine name is "laptop".  This is an added assurance of the host recognizing who is contacting.  By the way, using the specification might be all you need for your original problem.

Using this resolution should quickly work and get you started.


Asus AMD Laptop keyboard backlight (20.04)

For anyone else with this problem, the solution I have found is this. My keyboard is not an RGB model but adds the functionality. I still cannot get the keyboard fn keys to work though.
https://github.com/wroberts/rogauracore


Upstart tracking wrong PID of process - not respawning

Quite late, but hopefully this can be of help to other users.

There is a documented bug in upstart which can cause initctl to track the wrong PID if you specify the incorrect fork stanza in an upstart config: https://bugs.launchpad.net/upstart/+bug/406397

What happens is that upstart checks the fork stanza and determines how many forked processes it should check before choosing the "true" PID of the program being controlled. If you specify expect fork or expect daemon but your program does not fork a sufficient number of times, start will hang. If, on the other hand, your process forks too many times, initctl will track the wrong PID. Theoretically, it should be documented in this section of the upstart cookbook, but as you can see in this situation there is a PID associated with the killed process when there shouldn't be.

The implications of this are explained in the bugtracker comments, but I'll summarize here: besides initctl not being able to stop the daemon process and being stuck in an undocumented/illegal state <service> start/killed, process <pid>, if the process belonging to that PID stops (and it usually will) then the PID is freed up for re-use by the system.

If you issue initctl stop <service> or service <service> stop, initctl will kill that PID the next time it appears. This means that, somewhere down the road if you don't reboot after making this mistake, the next process to use that PID will be immediately killed by initctl even though it won't be the daemon. It could be something as simple as cat or as complex as ffmpeg, and you'd have a hard time figuring out why your software package crashed in the middle of some routine operation.

So, the issue is that you specified the wrong expect option for the number of forks your daemon process actually makes. They say there is an upstart rewrite that addresses this issue, but as of upstart 1.8 (latest Ubuntu 13.04/January 2014) the issue is still present.

Since you used expect daemon and ended up with this issue, I recommend trying expect fork.

Edit: Here's a Ubuntu BASH-compatible script (original by Wade Fitzpatrick modified to use Ubuntu sleep) that spawns processes until the available process ID address space is exhausted, at which point it starts back at 0 and works its way up to the "stuck" PID. A process is then spawned at the PID initctl is hung up on, and initctl kills it and resets.

#!/bin/bash

# usage: sh /tmp/upstart_fix.sh <pid>

sleep 0.001 &
firstPID=$!
#first lets exhaust the space
while (( $! >= $firstPID ))
do
    sleep 0.001 &
done

# [ will use testPID itself, we want to use the next pid
declare -i testPID
testPID=$(($1 - 1))
while (( $! < $testPID ))
do
    sleep 0.001 &
done

# fork a background process then die so init reaps its pid
sleep 3 &
echo "Init will reap PID=$!"
kill -9 $$
# EOF


How To Disable Sticky Edges via Command Line?

The following command disables the sticky edges:

dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/launcher-capture-mouse false

And this one re-enables them:

dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/launcher-capture-mouse true


Stopped Ubuntu UI installation. Need to reverse all changes

Reverse the install with:

sudo apt-get remove ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge

Check /var/log/apt/term.log for the complete list of packages that were installed during your session. All should be removed by the autoremove command.

Some of those packages may have left setting files in /etc. An ordinary 'remove' won't remove those, hence the '--purge'.

Note: In Ubuntu 16.04 and newer, you can use apt in place of apt-get for these commands. Since your original command used apt-get, the fix uses the same commands merely to prevent confusion.

Note for future readers: 'Purge' is NOT a magic 'force' command. 'remove' cannot remove files in /etc, 'purge' can. That's the ONLY difference.


It looks like you're trying to extract a Microsoft Windows .exe file with the zip utility, this will not work (it's not a zip file) and you will not be able to run this program in Ubuntu without wine  or similar (it still may not work with wine).

If you haven't got any important files on that drive, just format it then use truecrypt , which will also allow you to password protect and encrypt your drive with the advantage of being usable on Windows, Mac OS and Linux (Ubuntu).


This reverts your change:

sudo sed -i 's/wifi.powersave = 2/wifi.powersave = 3/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf

What you did was edit the file /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf and search (the s/../) for wifi.powersave = 3 and then replace it (the /.../ after the s/..) with wifi.powersave = 2 so all that needs to be done is switch the search and replace parameter.

This edit has nothing to do with CPU frequencies though.

  WiFi Powersave is a feature that allows a device to suspend its radio activity after a fixed period of inactivity. The device remains idle for a fixed time, usualy about 100ms, and once it is reached it wakes up to check if the infrastructure has any packets queued up for it.

  wifi.powersave can have the following value:

NM_SETTING_WIRELESS_POWERSAVE_DEFAULT (0): use the default value
NM_SETTING_WIRELESS_POWERSAVE_IGNORE (1): don't touch existing setting
NM_SETTING_WIRELESS_POWERSAVE_DISABLE (2): disable powersave
NM_SETTING_WIRELESS_POWERSAVE_ENABLE (3): enable powersave

Regarding CPU frequenty. Maybe you also edited  /etc/default/cpufrequtils. Check if it exists and if so what is set for GOVERNOR.It should be one of: userspace conservative powersave ondemand performance


How to remap single key on bluetooth keyboard with Ubuntu Touch?

Your question seems to match to this bug report: 1529049

See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-keyboard/+bug/1529049


Installing Windows 10 from Ubuntu 20.4, do I need to remove Ubuntu to install Windows? How?

Windows doesn't like to share and doesn't play nice with other OSes.
The "easy" way is to use a new drive or an NVME USB drive.
If you absolutely must use that drive without wiping its partition table (dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=100 will wipe it), you can try to arrange your partitions as follows, as from a stock XPS 13, before installation. You can of course skip the recovery partition. There's no guarantee that it will work, but it's worth a shot - IIRC I couldn't get the recovery installation to work, but it did work for me the last time I tried it on a different machine with the downloadable installation media.
$ sudo gdisk

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.3

Type device filename, or press <Enter> to exit: /dev/sda
Partition table scan:
  MBR: protective
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.

Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 250069680 sectors, 119.2 GiB
Model: LITEON CV8-8E128
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 328435D2-72A8-4168-AB1E-13EC6E1E182B
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 250069646
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 5130 sectors (2.5 MiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
   1            2048         1023999   499.0 MiB   EF00  EFI system partition
   2         1024000         1286143   128.0 MiB   0C01  Microsoft reserved
   3         1286144        89128546   41.9 GiB    0700  Basic data partition
   4       248039424       250066943   990.0 MiB   2700  Recovery Partition
   5        89128960       248039423   75.8 GiB    8300  Linux

There are a bunch of utilities that you might find useful, such as ntfs-resize, resize2fs, grub-install and more.
But really, just do the USB NVME install. You can even clone it and run it on similar PC's. Although if the CPU or peripherals change, you'll need to reactivate it, or buy a new license.
The other option is to run it in a VM:
$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 win10.qc2 50G
$ sudo qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 4G \
   -drive file=win10.qc2,cache=none,format=qcow2,if=virtio \
   -vnc :1 -device usb-ehci -device usb-tablet \
   -netdev type=tap,id=n0,ifname=tap2 \
   -device virtio-net-pci,mac=00:12:23:34:45:56,netdev=n0 \
   -localtime -cpu host -monitor stdio -smp cores=1 -vga vmware \
   -cdrom win10cdorusb.img -boot d # keep this last line only for installation

In another terminal:
$ while sleep 1; do xtightvncviewer :1; done

Or you can use virt-admin, virt-manager, or any of the other GUI's such as virtualbox.


New laptop install not recognising GTX980M

Your new Nvidia adapter needs new drivers. You can install them by running in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

and reboot.

The driver that comes with Ubuntu 14.04.3 nvidia-340 or the previous nvidia-331 do not support that adapter.


Grub always boots with the latest kernel by default.

Ubuntu 14.04 had 3.13 kernel, you installed kernel 3.14 and the systems booted with 3.14.

Ubuntu 14.04.2 has 3.16 kernel. That is higher that 3.14 and the system boots with 3.16.

You can go to boot menu bu pressing Shift at boot and boot with the desired kernel.

To make this permanent you can remove standard Ubuntu kernels image and headers using synaptic and also remove meta packages linux-image-generic-lts-utopic and linux-headers-generic-lts-utopic.

You will always boot with the custom kernel.


Ubunty 12.04 - File Manager - Searching fully "ALL" files/folders and sub-folders

Nautilus should do the needs. But if you like to try you could try gnome-search-tool

sudo apt-get install gnome-search-tool

Note that this is just an application and not a new file manager, but anyway if you really like to try other file managers here is a link for 20 file manager that could be installed in Ubuntu. Enjoy


How to delete the capture of window key?

Try following:
Install "compizconfig-settings-manager".
Run it.
In "Ubuntu Unity Plugin" set "Key to Show the Launcher" to something else than "Super".


This works:

sudo apt-get install imagemagick libmagickcore-dev libmagickwand-dev

according to dalibor-filus's comment below.

[Original answer - Okay I seem to have solved this with apt-get install imagemagick libmagickwand-dev, so libmagick9-dev wasn't necessary.]


Ubuntu 16.04 failed to start LSB: QEMU KVM module loading script

UPDATED
original response was incomplete

I had the same issue, you have to purge qemu-system-common. There is a left over config file. If you don't want to purge your qemu config files, you can let it sit around for a little longer. Next release in October will probably clear up this issue.

sudo apt-get purge qemu-system-common


Problem after close the lid of my laptop

A bug has been filled; check this link, and as you can see from that link, the bug is now labeled as "Fix Released". If it still isn't included in any automatic update, post number 91 has directions that fix the issue.

Also, some report that if you disable "Lock on suspend" in the "Light Locker Settings" screen, and then manually lock the screen from the terminal with:

light-locker-command -l

and then suspend by closing the lid, it resumes fine.

Alternatively you could change back to xscreensaver.


I have no mpv installed, but this seems more a warning of grotty (the program that process man page sources to print it to standard output) probably coming from no-compliant man pages. Have you tried

man mpv 2> /dev/null | grep dvdnav

? This will redirect error and warnings from grotty to the sink, so that you should have a cleaner output.

Nevertheless, that error is probably a bug in the mpv man page (or in grotty, you never know).


One keyboard two languages on Ubuntu 17.10

The US International keyboard layout isn't designed for diacritics because the target language is English and English doesn't use diacritics (it should, at least for foreign words like fiancé or coupé, but it doesn't and it sometimes results in an incorrect pronunciation like "coupe" instead of "coupeh" - I'm looking at you US citizens, in the other side of the pound we do pronounce it correctly).

In order to use input languages requiring diacritics users must choose the "US International with dead keys" variant, with caveats:

The apostrophe key is the same for the acute diacritic symbol. With "dead keys" you must press SPACE after the key.
As above, quotation marks is used for diaeresis (umlaut) therefore if you want the quotation mark instead, you need to press SPACE after the key.
As a general rule all the characters with diacritics are produced by a sequence of two keys, first the diacritic symbol then the letter - Example: à is obtained by pressing ` followed by a - the same way used with French, Spanish (and others) keyboard layouts.
Other special characters aren't so obvious as the example above. For instance, for the character ç, used in Portuguese and Catalan, there are two ways: 1. AltGr+c or 2. ' folowed by c.


Wireless mouse & keyboard cease functioning admist typing/scrolling/clicking

Okay! Looks like I've found the solution to this. The problem has something to do with the autosuspend function in ubuntu. Since not all usb devices are compatible with it, the better choice is to shut it off, like permanently.

Here's the link to the solution that worked out for me:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/91027/how-to-disable-usb-autosuspend-on-kernel-3-7-10-or-above

Cheers


Files disappearing on flash drive in Ubuntu 14.04

If the files have been actually saved to USB, then you may find them with opening Recent Documents in LibreOffice Writer while USB is plugged in, and it will search the path where that document may have been saved and recover it.


Dual boot Ubuntu and Windows 8 on Samsung 530U (500GB+24GB)

I'm not sure about SSD but if you want to dual boot, you need to provide at least a spare partition on your Windows 8 for use with Ubuntu.

Next
How to create a bootable USB stick on Windows?
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

Once you have the bootable Ubuntu installer on USB stick, boot up your machine with the USB stick and follow screen instructions. Make sure to only install Ubuntu on the spare partition you've created earlier.

Hope that helps :)


Connect to hidden network in KUbuntu 17.10

Obviously at some point in time the interface name changed and you did not realize it. The working command line solution is:

sudo iwlist wlp2s0 scan essid Name

which I realized by running ifconfig wthout any arguments.

I still don't have a GUI solution, but I can live with that.


How to suspend particular user in Ubuntu 12.04

As root we can kill all processes of a user with:

sudo pkill -u <username>

After that lightdm will present the login screen.

Note that this will immediately terminate all applications a user had run. Unsaved data will therefore be lost.

To disable a user account see How to enable or disable a user?


How can I make apt-get find a dependency I have built myself?

First, convert your files into a .deb file.

To do that, install dpkg-dev if it's not installed.
Next, put all your files into one folder and use dpkg-dev to create a file that can be read by apt.

Now, upload that file to a website where you want people to download it from.

Now add that URL in the sources list.

Now, the file should be downloadable using apt commands.


How to fix random crashes using NVIDIA GeForce 6150SE nForce 430?

Did you install the nvidia-current or the updates device module?

I have the same card:

*-display
   description: VGA compatible controller
   product: C61 [GeForce 6150SE nForce 430]

Prior to 12.04 I used the Nvidia current driver, but with 12.04 I found it best to stay with the Nouveau driver because of the same problem you have.  Apart from turning the card output off for a few seconds during login when the desktop first comes up it appears to work very well indeed.


In general, running make uninstall will work, but the uninstall target is not guraranteed to exist an ALL makefiles.

By using the installwatch program (part of the checkinstall package), and reinstalling the software (sudo installwatch [options] make install, you can find out which files are altered, and manually delete them.

DESCRIPTION

   installwatch is a program that is used in order to track the changes made while installing
   local software (i.e.  "make install"). It monitors the requested command, and  produces  a
   log  which  indicates  all  created and modified files. By default it outputs to syslog(3)
   using a priority of "LOG_USER | LOG_INFO". This may be overridden by the  use  of  the  -o
   flag. The log format is as follows:

   <return-value> <syscall-name> <argument> #<comment>

   Each  field  is  delimited  by  a "^I" character if logging to syslog(3), or by a tab when
   logging to a file.


Is there any way to "scrobble" to libre.fm using Banshee?

There is a bug filed on bugzilla for just this sort of request.  Reading through the bug-report, it appears the developers are complaining about the authentication system libre.fm uses.

Doesnt appear to be any resolution to this yet.


That would seem to be a Windows error: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2622803

A Google search brings up pages and pages of this.

You are not booting Ubuntu if you are getting this message.

A possible fix is formatting the USB drive as fat32 or fat before using Unetbootin to create the live USB.

References:

Ubuntu forums discussion on bootmgr error. http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1056197

Directions for using Unetbootin. http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/linux/create-a-bootable-ubuntu-usb-flash-drive-the-easy-way/


How to run scripts without typing the full path?

You can just create symlink. Create it in /usr/local/bin. All you need is to run command:

sudo ln -s /full/path/to/your/file /usr/local/bin/name_of_new_command

After that you should make your file executable:

chmod +x /full/path/to/your/file

Now you should be able to run name_of_new_command at any time in your terminal.

Note that this is good solution only for home usage of Linux.


Probably corrupted file system. Download EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard application in windows system and try to diagnose the drive. If you are able to see the drive in the wizard,  you can select full recover  to get it back to normal. And you should be able to perform normal operations on it.

I had same kind of problem with my hard drive and this helped , may be this will help you too.


Non-graphical terminals take a long time to log in

"What is it doing that causes it to take several seconds to get to a shell prompt?"

It's using RSA to establish a secure, authenticated connection, and then does a Diffie-Hellman ratchet to establish forward security by generating a one-time key. So there's a good deal of security overhead with SSH.


Sound card not detected 16.04 Dell Inspiron 15 7579 (Dummy Output)

I have a Dell Inspiron 15-5578 and it uses the Realtek ALC3253 Audio Codec which is the same as in your notebook.
I've got the sound working like this:
Open the relevant config file for editing, for example by running this command:
sudoedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

and add this line:
options snd-hda-intel model=headset-mic probe_mask=0x103

(or modify the line if you already have an entry that starts with options snd-hda-intel)
Save the file and then run these commands
killall pulseaudio
sudo alsa force-reload
pulseaudio -D


How do I add customized wallpapers so they appear in the dynamic unity greeter?

After you added you images to /usr/share/backgrounds you need to open the Change Desktop Background dialog by right clicking in your desktop and selecting it.

After the dialog is open you can click the + to add the backgrounds you just copied to /usr/share/backgrounds

Add all the images you have in /usr/share/backgrounds, after you have done that you can select one and it will become your background.

If you are using 12.04 that same image will become the dynamic background for the Unity Greeter. If it does not follow the Setting the dynamic switching off section of How do I change the wallpaper in LightDM? except instead of actually switching it off you use the command

gsettings reset com.canonical.unity-greeter draw-user-backgrounds

has described in the answer.

Note to summarise:

Step 1: Add you custom wallpaper to `/usr/share/backgrounds
Step 2: Is conditional if you want your custom wallpaper to appear in
the dynamic unity greeter (log in) in 12.04. Right click on your custom image
and select "Properties" then select the Permissions tab.
Navigate to the "Other" permission and change it from None to
"Read-only". Note: If you don't do this Unity's default wallpaper will appear in Unity Greeter.
Step 3: Now you need to open
the Change Desktop Background dialog by right clicking on your desktop and selecting it.
Step 4: After the dialog is open you can click the + to add the backgrounds you just copied to`/usr/share/backgrounds.
Step 5: Select your image to and change your desktop background`
Step 6: Log out and see the  Unity Greeters
background is your custom image

.


Getting ssh -R to work for forwarding to two client PCs at the same IP, but different ports?

I guess I have the awkward luck to figure out my answer 15 minutes after posting the question, so I'll post my solution in case somebody else has a similar issue... The following command worked for me

ssh -R 49668:localhost:22 Desktop -N

For some reason I thought the second port number (22 in this case) was supposed to be the port where the target computer (the IP which is in the config file under "Desktop") listens to ssh. But this worked, so I was wrong. Perhaps it is supposed to be the port where ssh is listened for in the computer where the ssh -R command is executed?


How to calibrate the touchscreen of CF-19 toughbook with 12.10 calibration tool?

I have a cf19 mk2 using any linux distro. xinput_calibrator is the program to use.
Install it run it do what it tells you to do.
the file needs to be in the directory /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ you may need to create "mkdir" xorg.conf.d. then a file is created in there by you and the output of xinput_calibrator run inside a terminal needs to be cut and paste into it. Slackware 14 is working very well for me at the moment, but if you are new to linux use the latest Ubuntu.
Screen rotation needs xrandr -o "left,Right,Normal" to work but you need to research the extra options to those commands to include the t/screen settings.
Good luck when it works it works VERY well, Cheers.


How to open a *.pdf in an already existing instance of Okular (independent of in which workspace that instance resides)?

I recently wanted to have the same functionality. Here is the simplest solution I could find:

Open Okular GUI. Navigate to Settings > Configure Okular. In General, under Program Features, check the 'Open new files in tabs' option. Click Apply. Click OK.

Then on your terminal, run okular file1.pdf file2.pdf fileN.pdf.

That code should open all your files in the same Okular window in different tabs.  This method works across folders.


Using Fingerprint Reader in Kubuntu 20.04. on Thinkpad T495

Install the applications needed:

sudo apt install -y fprintd libpam-fprintd
sudo pam-auth-update

Once install finishes, open /etc/pam.d/common-auth for editing

$ sudoedit /etc/pam.d/common-auth
auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure

And modify the file adding the line shown below in bold. Make sure the order of these lines is the same as shown here.

auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_fprintd.so max_tries=1 timeout=10
auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure

Save.

Finally, enroll your fingerprint with the following command:

fprintd-enroll $USER

After running the command, swipe your finger across the reader 3 times to enroll your fingerprint.

But! Login screen works uncorrected.