How to avoid the "dangerous copy and paste" problem

Some simple ways of avoiding this problem:

Select (Drag the mouse over) only the text you see. If this is found in multiple lines, do not drag the mouse downwards to select all the lines. Instead, select each line, one by one and only select the text you can actually see. Of course this does not work always (In fact as Chaskes mentions and the link provided shows, it will still carry the malicious code with it). You would still need to copy/paste the content in a text file first.
Another quicker way is to go Rambo on the text and simply select the whole thing. Then paste this in gedit for instance. There you will be able to see if it contains anything suspicious on it.
A nice trick to detect this kind of malicious codes is to double click it. When you double click some of this types of hidden codes, the selectable part will become highlighted I might show something that looks just plain wrong. For example, here are 2 cases related to the same article:

In this case, I double clicked the ls part. I would assume as a normal user that it would have highlighted the whole line, but instead did the above. This shows that ls and the rest of the line of code is NOT on the same HTML element, giving you a hint that there is something wrong with the HTML. It could be wrong tag or malicious intent.

In this one, you can see the highlighted part keeps on going to the right and although, in this case if you paste the copy code to gedit it will show the correct information, this is another way of using the malicious code. The code could be hidden to the right and by double clicking it, even if you do not see it, the highlighted part would still take it (For example, changing the menu on the right to a z-index value higher than the rest and to top it off, a position that makes sure everything looks "good".

In neither of this cases, double clicking the code gave you the actual line. I want to also add that if you double click and it selects the whole line, like in the second example, it might not be a bad thing in some sites. The site could have handled the selected area as the whole line instead of selecting only the text as the following example illustrates:

As you can see, I double clicked on the command but it highlighted the whole line. Yes, there could be some evil code behind this, but since the site is trusted, it lowers the chance of this happening (Still, to make sure, paste the content to a text editor).

What it actually should NOT do a select half of the code then do what the first image I posted did which is to jump to the bottom of the page for no "appearing reason" instead of selecting the whole line where it is.

It is very easy to execute this and also very easy to avoid it altogether.

In my case, if it is pretty long (And I trust the site am copying it from) then I put it in gedit.


I installed 12.04 yesterday for the first time (new user) today I'm upgrading to 12.10. It has so far taken me 6 hours and it looks like its going to take six more before its completed.

With that in mind, I'd start at 12.10 if you can find it.


How to copy my software to another computer?

Try  aptoncd  Run the following to install the package via a terminal (Default keyboard shortcut: CtrlAltT) sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install aptoncd

It makes a copy of all the packages on your system allowing you to install those packages on another system.

Just a side note, you could also copy all the deb files for the packages you have installed (as long as you haven't run sudo apt-get clean to clean the apt-get cache) from

/var/cache/apt/archives


Difference between record levels in "sound settings" and in "pulse audio volume"

pulse audio:  It allows you to do advanced operations on your sound data as it passes between your application and your hardware. Things like transferring the audio to a different machine. As here I can see in the question you are using a USB device to record the sound, I would suggest you just make the changes in Sound setting From pulse audio to USB audio for both the In and Out setting and try


Why are mounted iso's not browseable via an NFS share/mount?

From what I can gather, once your NFS share is mounted, simply mount the ISO on the client machine. The NFS share is treated as part of the local filesystem.

Source: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-newbie-8/browsing-an-iso-file-in-a-nfs-share-547209/


You should be able to add custom shortcuts similar to what is available in 11.10. You can also click onto the shortcut to edit it if you like... Unless if they changed that feature in 12.04


Same problem with my netbook. I found the following solution in the internet:

Got to the HP website and download the hplip hplip download

When downloading HP provides you with a good installation guide.

By following the instructions you add a new printer to your system. When printing choose the new installed printer and it will hopefully work.


firefox autostart kiosk or fullscreen on startup

First of all, to my knowledge Firefox (still?) lacks kiosk mode.
As for xdotool, what do you mean with "only works once"?
If you have a script that starts Firefox, just add xdotool after it. Example (for Chromium):
    #!/bin/bash
    chromium https://www.bing.com --window-size=1920,1080 --start-fullscreen --kiosk --incognito --noerrdialogs --disable-translate --no-first-run --fast --fast-start --disable-infobars --disable-features=TranslateUI --disk-cache-dir=/dev/null  --password-store=basic &
    xdotool key F11

Just make sure to add "&" behind a command starting your browser and then xdtool will work
While it's not the question, I can still suggest Chromium as an alternative, see script above, it can nicely start in fullscreen, in kiosk mode, with many features disabled, optionally with --incognito as well.


An encrypted home (using eCryptFS) is different from an encrypted partition (using cryptsetup / LUKS). The fact that you can mount your /home partition and "see the contents of the drive" also tells you it's not an entirely encrypted device (so not cryptsetup/LUKS).

To view your encrypted home files now, you should be able to run:

  ecryptfs-recover-private - find and mount any encrypted private directories

Just running it without any directory specified should cause it to "search the entire system for encrypted private directories", see it's man page for info. (Actually, in a terminal, typing ecryptfs and then TAB a few times should display the list of possible commands, you might've saw the "recover" and thought it could be useful.)

And you're probably not seeing all the files, the actual encrypted files are probably in /home/.ecryptfs/<user>/.Private/, and the eCryptfs config directory /home/.ecryptfs/<user>/.ecryptfs/. If you wanted to back up everything you can see in your /home partition now, you should be able to decrypt it all later too (if you don't forget to copy the important wrapped-passphrase file).

I don't know what the "broken files" are, or how you ran a "disk check" or what errors it gave, but a standard filesystem check in a terminal would be running the fsck program, or if you know the filesystem you can run fsck.<type>, maybe fsck.ext3 (that one's actually a link to the e2fsck program). See the man page for your /home's specific filesystem (mount should tell you, if it's mounted, or if not then parted -l or fdisk -l or the "Disks" or gparted programs)

If your drive were failing, or if the filesystem was just corrupted somehow (power failure?) they could give similar errors, but that's just guesses. If it were a failing drive, it would probably keep getting worse, and if you wanted to mount the partition as read-only (mount -o ro...) you might be able to read all the data you can now, before it gets any worse. But again, that's just being extra cautious and paranoid about your very vague "broken files" error.


Normally this answer above worked, but how about for situation where the kernel gets upgraded?

I upgraded to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (lubuntu) and VMWare was requiring a fresh compile.
when it got to "vnet" part, it failed and left me with a non working VM. Ugh!

I removed VMWare (VMware-Player-6.0.1.xxxx) and installed VMware-Player-6.0.2.  The install went smoothly, no questions asked. Back in business.

Gist is: remove VMWare, install it again.


What problems should i expect with trying to dual boot Ubuntu on an Asus Laptop X54H with Windows 7?

You shouldn't have many problems with the opensource driver; if you have, such as overheating, you can take a look at this guide here to solve them.


Restoring files and folders from Deja Dup backup

After much trial and error, I finally figured out the command line needed to decrypt and decompress the backup files into the Holding folder in the Seagate expansion drive.

snerx@snerx:~$ duplicity restore --no-encryption --no-compression file:///media/snerx/Seagate_Expansion_Drive/Ubuntu_16.04_Backup/ /media/snerx/Seagate_Expansion_Drive/Holding_folder/
Local and Remote metadata are synchronised, no sync needed.
Last full backup date: Mon Jun  4 00:21:18 2018

That restored 320GB of files to the Holding_folder, which could then be copied over to the home folder using Midnight Commander.


installing node.js E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

I solved the issue myself. For anyone who comes across this problem i solved it by doing the following,
Upon a second look i noticed error was caused by a package git-daemon-run as we can clearly see in line

dpkg:error processing package git-daemon-run (--configure):

So i tried to purge it using command

apt-get purge remove git-daemon-run

But i got the same error but this time the package with error was runit so i purged it with

apt-get purge remove runit

and it worked.


Install the latest stable NVIDIA drivers supporting GT 740 from the Proprietary GPU drivers PPA.

Before you install new drivers uninstall every NVIDIA related software you have installed before.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Then install the latest current stable NVIDIA drivers from the long-lived branch by executing :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

To switch between intel and nvidia graphics - open NVIDIA X Server Settings -> Prime Profiles.

After switching to NVIDIA run sudo lspci again and the output shows your NVIDIA GT 740 GPU.

Note :

In case you use Ubuntu 15.10 there is no need to add the Proprietary GPU drivers repository (sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa) - the drivers are already included in the Ubuntu repositories. If you had bumblebee installed before you have to remove it as well.


Please assist to recover data after unsuccessfull upgrade to 12.04

First of all find out which partition you have your data on. For doing this, you can boot into live, type in "sudo fdisk -l" which will show you all your partitions, try mounting them one by one till you find out which partition has your data, and once you have found out that partition, you can copy tour data from there.


GRUB menu does not appear after setting up dual boot

Your problem is most likely solved by the official documentation in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI.

Some things to examine closely including the window 'faststart', and indeed the Bios boot order.  You want to load the grub boot loader (Ubuntu) first, and from there you can choose to boot Windows 8, or continue with booting Ubuntu.


You can use pgadmin, a gui client for PostgreSQL for all these purpose. It is in the software center.

Hope this will help you:

http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/interactive/index.html


piping using ssh without having to relogin for every pipe

You can use persistent connections.  In your ~/.ssh/config file, add lines like this.

Host server.name.or.wildcard.goes.here
ControlPath /tmp/ssh.%r@%h:%p
ControlMaster auto
ControlPersist yes
ServerAliveInterval 300
ServerAliveCountMax 15

This will tell ssh to keep the connection open with a file in /tmp that's based on the user/host/port combination.  After you connect once, ssh will reuse an existing connection.  It will eventually time out and disconnect automatically.  This way you only get your password prompt once for several commands running in quick succession, up to a specified amount of time.  If the connection is idle for too long, it will be closed and you will need to type a password again.

Keeping the connection open also removes the initial delay of creating a secure connection.  This is great for scripts where you need to do some action like copy a file, then wait, then copy another file, etc.  cdist uses this technique to speed up machine provisioning.

You can also look into making ssh keys to avoid the password completely.


Still cannot install Halo: Combat Evolved

I installed CrossOver 12.5.0 and purchased the license for full unlimited use. Then I created a winxp bottle and installed .NET 3.5 framework and Visual C++ 6.0 redistributable before installing Halo. In the end I had to spend money to play my copy of Halo.


GPG command: --list-sigs only from Trusted keys?

gpg --list-keys --list-options show-uid-validity

This will show a validity calculation next to each address (unknown, undef, marginal, full, ultimate). You can then grep -v the unknown and undef ones, this leaves the ones you (or your web of trust) have some trust for.

gpg --list-keys --list-options show-uid-validity | grep -v "unknown\|undef"

For list-sigs the listing is slightly different, so this may work instead:

gpg --list-sigs |grep -v "User ID not found" |grep -v "sig  "

note two spaces on the last "sig  ".

This will weed out the unknown user IDs and omit any signatures that don't have a trust level. For the meaning of the number right next to "sig", do man gpg and search for --ask-cert-level.

You may also want to look into --list-options no-show-unusable-uids, but in my test it didn't make a significant difference.


Webhook server: readv() failed (104: Connection reset by peer)

As noted in the netstat output, webhook appears to be listening on the IPv6 interface, thus you have to rewrite your upstream from http://127.0.0.1/hooks/... to http://[::1]/hooks/...

OR -

tell webhook to bind to 127.0.0.1 IP by passing -ip 127.0.0.1 when starting webhook.

Cheers,
Adnan (author of adnanh/webhook :-))


VirtualBox: VT-x is disabled in the BIOS for all CPU modes Error

You need to go to your BIOS and enable VT-x, assuming your CPU supports it. If it doesn't, then you're out of luck.


Is using the shutdown command to turn off the system safe?

YES it is safe but...

Shutdown does more than simply flush unwritten data from RAM to disk. In some installations it can be setup to run custom jobs:

Execute a script upon logout/reboot/shutdown in Ubuntu

But as an answer here points out:

Difference between shutdown options

The shutdown halt option (designated by shutdown -h in your question) does flush all the buffers and safely unmount the disks but it doesn't actually turn off the machine. To do that use:

poweroff

  halt means flush buffers, unmount drives, close all processes in a
  graceful way. But not power off (though some systems may power off
  anyway). So the hardware is still provided with power.

  After halt a hard power off (pressing the power button or unplugging
  the power supply) will not damage the system, because it is already
  halted in a graceful way.


Rsync mirror specific Ubuntu distributions

apt-mirror does the same task you are trying to achieve: it downloads new packages from repository, and delete old ones, so rsync will probably not do better than that.


USB PTP Camera not showing in Virtualbox

My bad, added the user to vboxusers group and problem solved.


Dependency not satisfiable error with libdbus

The problem is that Ubuntu 14.04 uses libdbus-1-3 version 1.6.18. That's why you cannot install a package that requires 1.9.14 or higher.

One simple solution is to upgrade to a newer release of Ubuntu. For example, Ubuntu 16.04 uses libdbus-1-3 version 1.10.6.

Another simple solution is to use an older version of the software you want to install. The requirement for libdbus-1-3 version 1.9.14 indicates that it's not from a currently-supported Ubuntu repository anyway.

Here's one easy way to figure it out the different versions provided by each release (and repository) of Ubuntu:

$ rmadison libdbus-1-3
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.4.18-1ubuntu1    | precise          | amd64, armel, armhf, i386, powerpc
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.4.18-1ubuntu1.8  | precise-security | amd64, armel, armhf, i386, powerpc
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.4.18-1ubuntu1.8  | precise-updates  | amd64, armel, armhf, i386, powerpc
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.6.18-0ubuntu4    | trusty           | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.6.18-0ubuntu4.4  | trusty-security  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.6.18-0ubuntu4.5  | trusty-updates   | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.8.12-1ubuntu5    | vivid            | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.10.6-1ubuntu3    | xenial           | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.10.6-1ubuntu3.1  | xenial-security  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.10.6-1ubuntu3.3  | xenial-updates   | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.10.10-1ubuntu1   | yakkety          | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.10.10-1ubuntu1.1 | yakkety-security | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.10.10-1ubuntu1.1 | yakkety-updates  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.10.10-1ubuntu1.2 | yakkety-proposed | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libdbus-1-3 | 1.10.10-1ubuntu2   | zesty            | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, ppc64el, s390x


Is there something like "VirtualBox Guest Additions" for QEMU/KVM?

Yes, the SPICE guest additions
https://www.spice-space.org/download.html#guest


Are there Karma thresholds on Launchpad for gaining access to certain features

No, Launchpad karma has no bearing on what you can access.

The "Triaged" and "Won't Fix" bug statuses are reserved to the role called the "bug supervisor" for each project or distribution. For Ubuntu, this is the Ubuntu Bugs team (actually, effectively, the Ubuntu Bug Control team), which you have to be part of in order to set the statuses in question.

You can join Ubuntu Bug Control once you've spent some time triaging bugs and have familiarized yourself with the various triage procedures.


Does LVM enable me to resize my /home partition?

LVM itself doesn't enable resizing /home, you can do this even if you don't use LVM. LVM does make it considerably easier to resize the partition, as you can do this with a simple lvresize command (followed by resizing the filesystem if you're enlarging, preceded by resizing the filesystem if you're shrinking). Resizing PC partitions is fiddly and error-prone.

LVM also lets you transparently spread a filesystem over two drives, if you wish. However I do not recommend this: if either of the drives fails, you would lose the whole partition.

LVM decouples hardware devices (i.e. disks) from filesystems. With LVM, you have one or more physical volumes (typically hard disks, or PC/EFI partitions on hard disks). You can assemble one or more physical volume into a volume group. You can create one or more logical volumes in a volume group, and each logical volume contains a filesystem (or something else such as swap). Logical volumes don't have to be a consecutive chunk of disk, they can even be spread over multiple physical volumes that belong to the same volume group. All these arrangements are dynamic: you can move logical volumes around and resize them, you can add or remove physical devices from volume groups, etc.


It might be hard to confirm from your past case, but I believe this was the reason, and others will be able to upvote if this worked for them.
I found out there are a certain number of NVME SSD disks that don't play well with linux because of power related matters.
After many months of troubleshooting, I found the reason Ubuntu was suddenly freezing for no reason was because of that.
The solution was to add the following kernel parameter:
nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0

To do so, modify /etc/default/grub, and add the above to your GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= string, e.g. mine looked like that:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0"

Then save, and run update-grub.
And reboot the system.
I have had a 100% success rate since, e.g. 0 crashes, not even an odd crash once in a while.
@Jena, if you still have your original NVME SSD disk that was causing the issue, it would be nice to have a full circle confirmation.
References:
Official kernel bug report: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=195039


Using bash brace expansion :

cat SomeFile{1..100}.dcd >final_file

You can have a check at first to see which files it is being expanded to by :

echo SomeFile{1..100}.dcd

Here {1..100} will be expanded to 1,2,3....100.

Example :

$ echo SomeFile{1..5}.dcd
SomeFile1.dcd SomeFile2.dcd SomeFile3.dcd SomeFile4.dcd SomeFile5.dcd


What is an Ubuntu localized image and how do I create one?

What is an Ubuntu localized image?

Due to space restrictions, the official Ubuntu installation CDs (also known as ISO images) that can be downloaded from ubuntu.com contain only a handful of the many languages in which Ubuntu is available. Any additional languages can then be downloaded during or after the installation.

Localized images are customized versions of the original media, which are modified to include the translation of a particular language or other modifications that are relevant to a particular location.

They make it possible to have native language support upon installation and without the need of a working Internet connection. In addition to the language, they also enable customizing other aspects of Ubuntu to make it more relevant to a particular culture or region.

How can I create a localized image?

Set up the tools

Install the Ubuntu defaults builder
Install the packaging tools

Set up a defaults package

The next step is to create a defaults package with all the customizations for your language. This package will be used as a template containing the parameters to build the final image.

Now run the build script to create the default package:

ubuntu-defaults-template {defaultspackagename}
cd {defaultspackagename}

Remember to substitute {defaultspackagename} by the name of your package. The convention for package names is ubuntu-defaults-{locale}, where {locale} is the 2-letter or 3-letter ISO 639-2 code for your locale. E.g. a defaults package for a Catalan-speaking region would be ubuntu-defaults-ca

At this point you can modify all the relevant settings to your locale in the .txt files in that directory. They are all documented and contain examples.

Build the defaults package

What you created in the previous step is a source package, which you now need to build in order to make it an installable package.

Now run the following command to build the package:

dpkg-buildpackage

If all goes well, you'll have a package with a .deb extension on the parent folder. Something like myprojectdefaults_0.1_all.deb

Build your ISO image from the local package

Now run the command to create the image. You will need a working Internet connection and a couple of GB free to be able to run the command. This will take some minutes to complete-

ubuntu-defaults-image --package  ../myprojectdefaults_0.1_all.deb

The resulting image is the one with the .iso extension

Note: as an alternative to using a local package, you can set up a PPA and use the following command (this example assumes you've named your package ubuntu-defaults-ca in the PPA):

ubuntu-defaults-image --ppa  lpusername/ppaname  --locale ca

Check out the man page to learn about additional options

Test

Do a local test of your image (e.g. you can install it in a virtual machine with Virtualbox)

Finally, upload the image on a public location for everyone to download and test.

That's it!

Example 1: creating a localized image for Catalan from a package

Assuming all tools are installed, we can just run the commands to create a localized ISO for Catalan-speaking regions:

ubuntu-defaults-template ubuntu-defaults-ca
cd ubuntu-defaults-ca

At this point we modify the required files to install the Catalan language packs and select the Catalan keyboard. We modify the following files:

i18n/keyboard.txt -> specifying 'es cat' as the keyboard
i18n/langpacks.txt -> specifying 'ca complete' as a language pack
i18n/language.txt -> specifying 'ca' as the language code

And then we continue building the defaults package and the image:

dpkg-buildpackage
ubuntu-defaults-image --package ../ubuntu-defaults-ca_0.1_all.deb

Example 2: creating a localized image for Catalan from a PPA

This example assumes we've already created a PPA with a defaults package, so the only thing we'll need to do will be to run the command to respin the ISO:

ubuntu-defaults-image --ppa dpm/ubuntu-defaults-ca --locale ca


Why I got 'unable to resolve host' when I do 'sudo'?

You changed the host name to HP-Pavilion, but it's not in the file /etc/hosts. So try to add the name to /etc/hosts file and also don't forget to add it to /etc/hostname file .

Your /etc/hosts and /etc/hostname files will look like this,

$ cat /etc/hostname
HP-Pavilion
$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost
127.0.1.1   HP-Pavilion

Restart your pc to make changes work.


How do I see which disk I am booting from?

Executing mount without any parameters will give you a list of all mounted drives. The one mounted to /boot, or / if there is no /boot, is your boot device.


My HP Pavilion g series does not shutdown

You may need ACPI support for your laptop. Run the following commands to install:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install acpi-support acpid acpi acpitool libacpi0

A reboot may also be necessary.

As you can see in this loosly related example, typically, when ACPI is disabled, the computer will halt but will not shut down when ACPI support is needed.


Issue was solved in Homebank update 4.6.3.


How do i share my network(hospital network) to my headless R-pi over ethernet?

First get the address of your gateway. This should be in format 192.168.AAA.BBB.

Enter following commands on your Ubuntu machine:

echo 1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward > /dev/null
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE -s 192.168.2.0/24
sudo ip route del default
sudo ip route add default via 192.168.AAA.BBB

On your Raspberry Pi:

change the file /etc/network/interfaces following way:

iface eth0 inet static
            address 192.168.2.201
            netmask 255.255.255.0
            gateway 192.168.2.1

edit /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf :

ddns-update-style none;

option domain-name "domain.local";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.2.201;

default-lease-time 60;
max-lease-time 72;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
authoritative;

# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;

# wpad
option local-proxy-config code 252 = text;

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.2;
  option routers 192.168.2.201;
  option local-proxy-config "http://192.168.2.201/wpad.dat";
}

Now you should be able to ssh via Ethernet interface.
In the ssh session enter following commands on your PI:

$ sudo ip route del default
$ sudo ip route add default via 192.168.2.2
$ sudo sh -c "echo 'nameserver 192.168.AAA.BBB' > /etc/resolv.conf"

Replace the 192.168.AAA.BBB with the gateway from your wlan network.

Your RPi now should have internet connection.


Unable to unbind [Super]+[1..9] in Ubuntu 20.04

These hotkeys are assigned by the Ubuntu Dock. Turn all these Super hotkeys off with the command
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock hot-keys false

If you would wish, you can disable individual keys only, as in
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-hotkey-1 ['']

or
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-ctrl-hotkey-1 ['']

or
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-1 ['']

You can reset to default settings by replacing set by reset, and omitting the final argument, for example as
gsettings reset org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-hotkey-1 ['']

All of these settings are also available via dconf-editor (not installed by default).


After some investigation, I found out that the current netplan does not suport it. It is possible to do:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp7s0f0:
      addresses: [aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa/24, bbb.bbb.bbb/24]
      gateway4: aaa.aaa.aaa.1

ip addr shows both adresses and the computer can communicate with the bbb.bbb.bbb/24 network. The downside is that there is a single interface name for both networks, which can be a problem while defining the iptables rules.


Killing 'wineserver' doesn't close the GUI of wine applications

This is normal because when you run a Wine application it actually loads other apps to work together, each is it's own parent (not related) and each creates it's own childs. So to effectively kill all Wine related processes you need to use the wineserver command that comes with wine.

Instead of sudo kill -9 wineAppProcessID you would run wineserver -k

The -k parameter sends a SIGINT (Interrupt Process) signal. In the case this does not work, the signal is elevated to a SIGKILL (Kill Process Immediately), similar to a Kill -9.

The difference is that wineserver will actually search and kill all Wine processes. This is only good if you want to kill ALL wine processes (All wine applications running at the same time).

Here is an image of pstree -g when running a Wine app (In this case STALKER Call of Pripyat)

If I do a sudo kill -9 8462 it will only kill the wineserver and leave me with a GUI window stuck on zombie mode. If I however do a wineserver -k it will correctly kill all Wine related processes (8491, 8468 and 8462). For more information about other wine related commands please see How to install and configure Wine? where I took some effort in compiling almost all useful commands, wineserver being one of them.


How to remove Ubuntu and install Windows with no USB or CD?

No usb? Why? You will be super easy to go if you have a minimum 8gb usb.
But in case you are really obsessed to do so, you can try the steps below however I hadn't tried this yet so be careful and know what you are doing.

From ubuntu make a new partition of around 7gb (you can resize from end of root partition too so no live medium is necessary).
Now manage another partition of around 32gb or many as you can
Create a bootable disk on the partition you created in step 1 by following https://www.maketecheasier.com/create-windows-installer-usb-linux/ or anything smilar tutorial
If you are in luck, in the boot menu of your bios (not grub) you will see the option to start windows disk image with similar label (remember to disable secure boot and also set proper boot priority)
Else not shown you should really bring a usb/cd from anywhere
If windows installation wizard starts you can install install format and install windows in the partition created at step 2
On successful installation of windows you can then again layout the partition the way you want.

Note Again: I had not experimented this on single drive, so be careful


See setting up NFS how to

You should have an entry in /etc/exports related to the folder you are exporting on NFS, something like:

/exports/ramdisk *(fsid=25,rw,sync)

Run

sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart

After updating /etc/exports.

On the computer which you are mounting this share in /etc/fstab

ip-of-nfs-server:/exports/ramdisk /exports/ramdisk nfs rw,bg

Change the second path to whichever local folder you have created as a mount point, then run

sudo mount -a

After editing /etc/fstab.

The ramdisk will disappear on logout or reboot.


Open tty1 via Ctrl+Alt+F1, login and install your driver. To kill the X server isn't necessary. Depending on your system it's pointless, because the server is restarted automatically.

If the installation fails, start the recovery mode via grub menu (hold the left shift key during systems startup), start the network and the root shell and install the driver in this way.


How to select a file or directory and drag it while scrolling rapidly?

Drag it just bellow the toolbar and it will start scrolling.

The closer you are to the toolbar - faster it scrolls.


Canon Printer Installations - Wish to locate a tutorial or step-by-step guide that works

Have you come across this link yet? I looks like there might be a repo with drivers and according to some of the comments on the page, they got it working.

Canon printers & linux

Sorry in advance if you've already stumbled upon it.


How to extract archive or change permissions when there are "read-only file system" errors?

The file is on a read-only filesystem. This may be a disk that cannot be written to (such as most CDs). Or it may be on a disk that can be written to, mounted to allow reading only.

With more information about where the file is located, you might be able to remount the filesystem read-write. But if not, or if you don't want to bother with that (which you probably don't), there is a generic solution. Simply copy the archive to some location that you can write to. Then you can extract it.

You can do this in Nautilus (the graphical file browser). You can even extract the archive graphically, if you wish (either by double-clicking on its icon, or by right-clicking on its icon and clicking one of the Extract options).

Or if you want to use the command line, you can do:

cp Ex_Files_JS_EssT_2011.zip ~/Desktop
cd ~/Desktop
unzip Ex_Files_JS_EssT_2011.zip

That example copies it to your desktop and extracts it there. You might prefer to instead copy it to your home folder (which your desktop exists as a subfolder of), by replacing ~/Desktop with ~/, or perhaps to the global temporary folder /tmp by replacing ~/Desktop with that.


Unable to upgrade Trusty 14.04.1 to the 14.04.2 HWE

If this issue comes up then you will have to uninstall those packages using either the Ubuntu Software center or apt-get.

To use the Ubuntu Software Center:
Click on the icon on the Taskbar or use the Super key and type Ubuntu Software
Navigate to the Installed packages and find the search bar and for each of those error giving packages type those in and uninstall them.

To use a Terminal(apt-get)

sudo apt-get autoremove packages | apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get purge
sudo apt-get update

This ensure nothing is left behind.

Also wait for a Mesa update from the Software Center Updater.  Then remove libqt5gui5

The packages needed to be removed are as follows

account-plugin-facebook
account-plugin-google
libqt5gui5

At this point use the command given from the wiki and install will occur.

Note: If there additional packages install involving this issue then use the apt-get command using the name of those packages specifically.


Redirecting Audio can become quite difficult in some cases.

For example my firefox never liked to play audio thru hdmi while all other software did. Since i use pulse audio, it works like charm; check the end of this answer.

I am using Lubuntu 16.04. It might be different from your desktop, but automatic switching never occured by default. I always had to direct the audio stream manually. In general you have at least two audio-outputs: One analoge audiojack and one digital hdmi, in general on different audio-cards.

The hard way:

First i had to get an overview on the audiocards installed on my htpc (ati motherboard with onboard graphics and onboard cpu):

aplay -l

**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: Generic [HD-Audio Generic], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: SB [HDA ATI SB], device 0: ALC887-VD Analog [ALC887-VD Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: SB [HDA ATI SB], device 3: ALC887-VD Digital [ALC887-VD Digital]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

and all the possible audio-streaming channels i could route the sound:

aplay -L

null
    Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
pulse
    PulseAudio Sound Server
hdmi:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
    HD-Audio Generic, HDMI 0
    HDMI Audio Output
dmix:CARD=Generic,DEV=3
    HD-Audio Generic, HDMI 0
    Direct sample mixing device
dsnoop:CARD=Generic,DEV=3
    HD-Audio Generic, HDMI 0
    Direct sample snooping device
hw:CARD=Generic,DEV=3
    HD-Audio Generic, HDMI 0
    Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=Generic,DEV=3
    HD-Audio Generic, HDMI 0
    Hardware device with all software conversions
default:CARD=SB
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    Default Audio Device
sysdefault:CARD=SB
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    Default Audio Device
front:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    Front speakers
surround21:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
hdmi:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Digital
    HDMI Audio Output
dmix:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    Direct sample mixing device
dmix:CARD=SB,DEV=3
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Digital
    Direct sample mixing device
dsnoop:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    Direct sample snooping device
dsnoop:CARD=SB,DEV=3
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Digital
    Direct sample snooping device
hw:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    Direct hardware device without any conversions
hw:CARD=SB,DEV=3
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Digital
    Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=SB,DEV=0
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Analog
    Hardware device with all software conversions
plughw:CARD=SB,DEV=3
    HDA ATI SB, ALC887-VD Digital
    Hardware device with all software conversions

Now I needed to find out, which of these channels is used by my hdmi cable. Therefor I needed an audioplayer that allowed me to route the audio manually  to test each of the above channels, one by one, until i found out, which of them belongs to my hdmi. With a GUI vlc and especially audacious come in handy. On CLI basis we could also use aplay, but i am not familiar with that.

Now, after having found out, which channel belongs to my hdmi cable, it was card 0, device 3, i needed to create a file in my homefolder .asoundrc Asound Wiki with the information what card, and what device to use.

pcm.snd_card {
        type hw
        card 0
        device 3
}

ctl.snd_card {
        type hw
        card 0
        device 3
}

Also i needed to run 'alsamixer'. With F6 i did select my soundcard and had to navigate with the arrow keys to the S/PDIF and activate (unmute) it with the M key.

After a reboot audio thru hdmi worked, but firefox remained unwilling to play audio via hdmi.

Long story short, now i use PulseAudio and i am very happy with it.

The easy way

Since i installed PulseAudio the handling of the audio devices has become very easy.
I would suggest you to install:
sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio pavucontrol pulseaudio-module-x11

pavucontrol is a comfortable GUI to (re)direct your audio-streams to the device/channel you want.

I hope this helps you to find a solution.


Cannot access the key generated .pub file

You generated the key somewhere else, because you used backslashes instead of normal slashes.

You can access the file like from your home directory:

cat "/Users/Seven/.ssh/linuxCourse.pub"

It is not in the .ssh directory, but in current directory with all these characters you wrote. You would find out if you would try ls in current directory.


how to handle unwanted exiting of a command and its output in bash script

You may try

(xprop -name "kenn" 2>/dev/null || echo "") |...

The stderr redirect gets rid of the error and the part after || kicks in if xprop bombs out.


There's a big difference between the IDE (development environment) and the simulator.
The IDE might come without a built-in simulator, and the simulator might come without a GUI.

If you're looking for a simulator, here is a list of free VHDL simulators with download links. Most simulators work on Linux too.


You have to get either into your BIOS/UEFI's boot menu and select your USB drive to boot from (recommended, as it is a just-once setting) or enter your BIOS/UEFI-Setup and change your boot order there so that USB is listed before HDD (not recommended, as it is a permanent setting and you could harm your PC if you change other options without knowing what you're doing).

But of course, therefore you must have a bootable USB device! Just copying the ISO or some files to the volume is not enough. Look this up here How to create a bootable USB stick?


You have to enable the galaxy buds into pairing mode by steadily tapping both side of the buds for about 3 seconds or more until you hear the beeping sound. You know that it is in pairing mode if you hear a beeping sound every second. Go to Bluetooth settings in Ubuntu and you can see the Galaxy buds in the list of devices. Click the device name and you're done.


I wrote an introduction how to install FreeFem++ on Ubuntu 13.04 and Linux Mint 16/17. Maybe it would be useful for somebody.

For the installation we use the standard Linux Terminal.

It depends on your system whether you have to install “Mercurial” first. This you can do by:

sudo apt-get install mercurial

Then I used the latest version of FreeFem++ which you can get by:

hg clone http://www.freefem.org/ff++/ff++

Use the command:

cd ff++

to go into the directory where the “hg” downloaded the files. Here you start:

autoreconf -i

To have all necessary packages for FreeFem++ use apt-get install routine with the following command:

sudo apt-get install bison curl flex patch rsync wget g++ gfortran libx11-dev libice-dev libsm-dev libxau-dev libxdmcp-dev libxrender-dev libxft-dev libxext-dev libxpm-dev libxt-dev m4 make mesa-common-dev libglu1-mesa-dev mpi-default-bin mpi-default-dev libvtk5-dev libopenblas-dev libfftw3-dev libsuitesparse-dev cmake bzip2

To get the graphic interface write:

sudo apt-get install freeglut3-dev

Now we have all stuff to compile the files with:

./configure

or use:

./configure –enable-download

for more software packages, like solvers and other additional stuff. At the end you get a message since some packages are still missing, if yes use the apt-get install routine again. Afterwards you can use:

download/getall

to get still more additional solvers and fftw packages. Now for compiling use:

make

This took nearly 20 minutes on my HP Elitebook 8440p. The compiling can be tested by:

make check

To install FreeFem++ use:

sudo make install

Now FreeFem++ works on your Linux Distribution.


why PHP 403 forbidden after fresh installation on ubuntu 15.10?

in /etc/apache2/apache2.conf add Require all granted to the directories you want to grant access to like this

<Directory "your directory here">
   Order allow,deny
   Allow from all
   Require all granted
</Directory>

Then restart apache2 service and go to http://localhost/info.php .


How to properly install Nfsd for Openedx in Ubuntu 16

I think this link is useful for you.

How To Set Up an NFS Mount on Ubuntu 16.04

In this guide, we'll cover how to configure NFS mounts.

Prerequisites

We will be using two servers in this tutorial: one will share part of its filesystem with the other.
To follow along, you will need:

1.Two Ubuntu 16.04 servers, each with a non-root user with sudo privileges and private networking, if it’s available to you.

For assistance setting up a user with these privileges, follow our Initial Server Setup with Ubuntu 16.04 guide.

For help setting up private networking, see How To Set Up And Use DigitalOcean Private Networking .

Throughout the tutorial, we refer to the server that shares its directories as the host and the server that mounts these directories as the client. In order to keep them straight, we’ll use the following IP addresses as stand-ins for the host and client values:

  Host: 203.0.113.0 Client: 203.0.113.256

You should replace these values with your own host and client ip addresses.

Step 1 — Downloading and Installing the Components

We’ll begin by installing the necessary components on each server.

On the Host

On the host server, we will install the nfs-kernel-server package, which will allow us to share our directories. Since this is the first operation that we're performing with apt in this session, we'll refresh our local package index before the installation:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server

Once these packages are installed, switch to the client server.

On the Client

On the client server, we need to install a package called nfs-common, which provides NFS functionality without including unneeded server components. Again, we will refresh the local package index prior to installation to ensure that we have up-to-date information:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nfs-common

Now that both servers have the necessary packages, we can start configuring them.

Step 2 — Creating the Share Directories on the Host

We're going to share two separate directories, with different configuration settings, in order to illustrate two key ways that NFS mounts can be configured with respect to superuser access.

Superusers can do anything anywhere on their system. However, NFS-mounted directories are not part of the system on which they are mounted, so by default, the NFS server refuses to perform operations that require superuser privileges. This default restriction means that superusers on the client cannot write files as root, re-assign ownership, or perform any other superuser tasks on the NFS mount.

Sometimes, however, there are trusted users on the client system who need to be able to do these things on the mounted file system but who have no need for superuser access on the host. The NFS server can be configured to allow this, although it introduces an element of risk, as such a user could gain root access to the entire host system.

Example 1: Exporting a General Purpose Mount

In the first example, we’ll create a general-purpose NFS mount that uses default NFS behavior to makes it difficult for a user with root privileges on the client machine to interact with the host using those client superuser privileges. You might use something like this to store the files uploaded using a content management system or to create space for users to easily share project files.

First, make a share directory called nfs:

host$ sudo mkdir /var/nfs/general -p

Since we’re creating it with sudo, the directory is owned by root here on the host.

host$ ls -la /var/nfs/general

Output

  4 drwxr-xr-x  2 root   root    4096 Jul 25 15:26

NFS will translate any root operations on the client to the nobody:nogroup credentials as a security measure. Therefore, we need to change the directory ownership to match those credentials.

host$ sudo chown nobody:nogroup /var/nfs/general

This directory is now ready for export.

Example 2: Exporting the Home Directory

In our second example, the goal is to make user home directories stored on the host available on client servers, while allowing trusted administrators of those client servers the access they need to conveniently manage users.

To do this, we’ll export the /home directory. Since it already exists, we don’t need to create it. We won’t change the permissions, either. If we did, it would cause all kinds of issues for anyone with a home directory on the host machine.

Step 3 — Configuring the NFS Exports on the Host Server

Next, we’ll dive into the NFS configuration file to set up the sharing of these resources.

Open the /etc/exports file in your text editor with root privileges:

host$ sudo nano /etc/exports

The file has comments showing the general structure of each configuration line. The syntax is basically:

/etc/exports
directory_to_share    client(share_option1,...,share_optionN)

We’ll need to create a line for each of the directories that we plan to share. Since our example client has an IP of 203.0.113.256, our lines will look like the following. Be sure to change the IPs to match your client:

/etc/exports
/var/nfs/general    203.0.113.256(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)
/home       203.0.113.256(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)

We’re using the same configuration options for both directories with the exception of no_root_squash. Let’s take a look at what each one means.

rw: This option gives the client computer both read and write access to the volume.

sync: This option forces NFS to write changes to disk before replying. This results in a more stable and consistent environment since the reply reflects the actual state of the remote volume. However, it also reduces the speed of file operations.

no_subtree_check: This option prevents subtree checking, which is a process where the host must check whether the file is actually still available in the exported tree for every request. This can cause many problems when a file is renamed while the client has it opened. In almost all cases, it is better to disable subtree checking.

no_root_squash: By default, NFS translates requests from a root user remotely into a non-privileged user on the server. This was intended as security feature to prevent a root account on the client from using the file system of the host as root. no_root_squash disables this behavior for certain shares.
When you are finished making your changes, save and close the file. Then, to make the shares available to the clients that you configured, restart the NFS server with the following command:

host$ sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server

Before you can actually use the new shares, however, you’ll need to be sure that traffic to the shares is permitted by firewall rules

Step 4 — Adjusting the Firewall on the Host

First, let’s check the firewall status to see if it’s enabled and if so, to see what's currently permitted:

sudo ufw status

Output

Status: active

To                         Action      From
--                         ------      ----
OpenSSH                    ALLOW       Anywhere
OpenSSH (v6)               ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)

On our system, only SSH traffic is being allowed, so we’ll need to add a rule for NFS traffic.

With many applications, you can use sudo ufw app list and enable them by name, but nfs is not one of those. Because ufw also checks /etc/services for the port and protocol of a service, we can still add NFS by name. Best practice recommends that you enable the most restrictive rule that will still allow the traffic you want to permit, so rather than enabling traffic from just anywhere, we’ll be specific.

Use the following command to open port 2049 on the host, being sure to substitute your client's ip address:

host$ sudo ufw allow from 203.0.113.256 to any port nfs

You can verify the change by typing:

host$ sudo ufw status

You should see traffic allowed from port 2049 in the output:

Output

Status: active

To                         Action      From
--                         ------      ----
OpenSSH                    ALLOW       Anywhere
2049                       ALLOW       203.0.113.256
OpenSSH (v6)               ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)

This confirms that UFW will only allow NFS traffic on port 2049 from our client machine.

Step 5 — Creating the Mount Points on the Client

Now that the host server is configured and serving its shares, we’ll prepare our client.

In order to make the remote shares available on the client, we need to mount the host directory on an empty client directory.

Note: If there are files and directories in your mount point, as soon as you mount the NFS share, they’ll be hidden. Be sure if you mount in a directory that already exists that the directory is empty.

We’ll create two directories for our mounts:

client$ sudo mkdir -p /nfs/general
client$ sudo mkdir -p /nfs/home

Step 6 — Mounting the Directories on the Client

Now that we have some place to put the remote shares and we've opened the firewall, we can mount the shares by addressing our host server, which in this guide is 203.0.113.0, like this:

client$ sudo mount 203.0.113.0:/var/nfs/general /nfs/general
client$ sudo mount 203.0.113.0:/home /nfs/home

These commands should mount the shares from the host computer onto the client machine. You can double-check that they mounted successfully in several ways. You can check this with a plain mount or findmnt command, but df -h will give you more human readable output illustrates how disk usage is displayed differently for the nfs shares:

client$ df -h

Output

Filesystem                Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                      238M     0  238M   0% /dev
tmpfs                      49M  628K   49M   2% /run
/dev/vda1                  20G  1.2G   18G   7% /
tmpfs                     245M     0  245M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs                     245M     0  245M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs                      49M     0   49M   0% /run/user/0
203.0.113.0:/home      20G  1.2G   18G   7% /nfs/home
203.0.113.0:/var/nfs/general   20G  1.2G   18G   7% /nfs/general

Both of the shares we mounted appear at the bottom. Because they were mounted from the same file system, they show the same disk usage. To see how much space is actually being used under each mount point, use the disk usage command du and the path of the mount. The -s flag will provide a summary of usage rather than displaying the usage for every file. The -h will print human readable output.

For example:

du -sh /nfs/home

Output

36K /nfs/home

This shows us that the contents of the entire home directory is using only 20K of the available space.

Step 7 — Testing NFS Access

Next, let’s test access to the shares by writing something to each of them.

Example 1: The General Purpose Share

First, write a test file to the /var/nfs/general share.

client$ sudo touch /nfs/general/general.test

Then, check its ownership:

client$ ls -l /nfs/general/general.test

Output

-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nogroup 0 Aug  1 13:31 /nfs/general/general.test

Because we mounted this volume without changing NFS’s default behavior and created the file as the client machine’s root user via the sudo command, ownership of the file defaults to nobody:nogroup. Client superusers won’t be able to perform typical administrative actions, like changing the owner of a file or creating a new directory for a group of users, on this NFS-mounted share.

Example 2: The Home Directory Share

To compare the permissions of the General Purpose share with the Home Directory share, create a file Home Directory the same way:

client$ sudo touch /nfs/home/home.test

Then look at the ownership of the file:

client$ ls -l /nfs/home/home.test

Output

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug  1 13:32 /nfs/home/home.test

We created home.test as root via the sudo command, exactly the same way we created the general.test file. However, in this case it is owned by root because we overrode the default behavior when we specified the no_root_squash option on this mount. This allows our root users on the client machine to act as root and makes the administration of user accounts much more convenient. At the same time, it means we don’t have to give these users root access on the host.

Step 8 — Mounting the Remote NFS Directories at Boot

We can mount the remote NFS shares automatically at boot by adding them to /etc/fstab file on the client.

Open this file with root privileges in your text editor:

client$ sudo nano /etc/fstab

At the bottom of the file, we're going to add a line for each of our shares. They will look like this:

/etc/fstab
. . .
203.0.113.0:/var/nfs/general    /nfs/general   nfs auto,nofail,noatime,nolock,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800 0 0
203.0.113.0:/home       /nfs/home      nfs auto,nofail,noatime,nolock,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800 0 0

  Note: More information about the options we are specifying here can be
  found in the man page that describes NFS mounting in the fstab with
  the man nfs command.

The client server will automatically mount the remote partitions at boot, although it may take a few moments for the connection to be made and the shares to be available.

Step 9 — Unmounting an NFS Remote Share

If you no longer want the remote directory to be mounted on your system, you can unmount it by moving out of the share's directory structure and unmounting, like this:

client$ cd ~
client$ sudo umount /nfs/home
client$ sudo umount /nfs/general

This will remove the remote shares, leaving only your local storage accessible:

client$ df -h

Output

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda         59G  1.3G   55G   3% /
none            4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev            2.0G   12K  2.0G   1% /dev
tmpfs           396M  320K  396M   1% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none            2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /run/shm
none            100M     0  100M   0% /run/user

If you also want to prevent them from being remounted on the next reboot, edit /etc/fstab and either delete the line or comment it out by placing a # symbol at the beginning of the line. You can also prevent auto-mounting by removing the auto option, which will allow you to mount it manually.


Does purchased music count against my storage quotas?

Yes, music (purchased from us or otherwise) does count against your storage quota; however, quota is not taken into account when purchasing songs. So you can continue buying songs and they will be delivered to your account and all your machines that are syncing the folder, even though you're over quota.

This is actually a FAQ:

  What happens if I go over my storage quota by purchasing music?

  The music store will permit you to buy
  more music when you are over your
  storage quota. If you are over your
  storage quota, you will not be able to
  add more files to your account from
  your desktop or from the web until you
  remove enough files to get under your
  quota.


I don't know about anything specifically UEFI related that would foil your plan as long as you create an UEFI ready Live USB.

Changing to Legacy/BIOS mode in the UEFI should work too.

In all the machines I have installed Ubuntu in the recent years, secure boot has not posed any problem booting from the Live USB.

Your main problem may be to get to the UEFI setup menu of the demo computer. In particular, "fast boot" may be enabled in the UEFI. In this case, the system boots to Windows without any UEFI/BIOS setup access prompt such as:

Press F2 to enter UEFI setup,
Press F10 to select an a different boot drive.

In these cases you have to restart Windows in a special way.

Step 1: Insert the Live USB drive while Windows is running

Step 2: SHIFT Restart

In Windows go to the power off options and while holding the SHIFT key, click on Restart.

I am not sure if you will be asked for Admin password to go beyond this point.

You will see a different Restart Menu:

Option A: Try to boot from the USB

Option B: Access UEFI setup

This will only work if the demo machine does not have UEFI password set.

Select Troubleshoot from the above picture followed by UEFI Firmware Settings below:

The system will reboot and you will be allowed to go to the UEFI setup.

If you do succeed please answer your question and let us know how it goes.

Sources:

How do I install Ubuntu alongside a pre-installed Windows with UEFI?

How to Boot from USB Drive in Windows 10

Hope this helps


How to make Brother DCP540CN scanner function in 16.04 LTS

You can use the ppa from sane stuff ppa:rolfbensch/sane-git for the latest sane-backends, type in terminal "sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rolfbensch/sane-git", and accept the key by pressing enter, as you should know that you have to have installed sane package to use your scanner in Linux or you can install that after adding the ppa because all scanners in Linux are supported through sane project. So I do not know if you know that if your scanner was working in the previous release then you were already using that scanner with help of sane-backends. You just have to do it again this way. And there is another way, compiling the package from the latest sane-backend source but trust me, the former one is easier.


How to forward internet connection at eth2 to LAN at eth1?

First, determine the ips of your network cards.

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

sudo -i
ifconfig -a

Let's assume are:

eth2 10.0.10.2  --- Internet
eth1 10.0.20.5  --- LAN

Note: Change the IPs by your cards IPs

Then disable network manager and manually configure the static ips.

Run in the terminal:

nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

Set "managed=false", shown under [ifupdown]

[ifupdown]
managed=false

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

Then in /etc/network/interfaces, add information about the interfaces:

nano /etc/network/interfaces

Set this:

The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth2      # internet
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.10.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 10.0.10.0/24
gateway 10.0.10.1

auto eth1  # lan
allow-hotplug eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 10.0.20.5
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 10.0.20.0/24
broadcast 10.0.20.255
gateway 10.0.10.1

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

And for a simple example of NAT, run:

/sbin/iptables -F
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -s 10.0.20.0/24 -i eth1 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/iptables -t  nat  -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.20.0/24 -o eth2 -j MASQUERADE
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

If everything works correctly, create a script to be run at startup

sudo -i
nano /etc/init.d/my_iptables.sh

Put this content

#! /bin/sh
/sbin/iptables -F              &&echo
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -s 10.0.20.0/24 -i eth1 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/iptables -t  nat  -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.20.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

And continue run:

chmod +x /etc/init.d/my_iptables.sh
ln -s /etc/init.d/my_iptables.sh /etc/rcd.2/s99my_iptables.sh
ln -s /etc/init.d/my_iptables.sh /etc/rcd.3/s99my_iptables.sh
ln -s /etc/init.d/my_iptables.sh /etc/rcd.4/s99my_iptables.sh
ln -s /etc/init.d/my_iptables.sh /etc/rcd.5/s99my_iptables.sh
ln -s /etc/init.d/my_iptables.sh /etc/rcd.S/s99my_iptables.sh
update-rc.d my_iptables.sh defaults


I fear my GPU might be broken. How can I test my dedicated GPU in Ubuntu? DRI_PRIME=1 not working

One option would be to use vgaswitcheroo to disable the integrated graphics card.
Open a terminal and do this:
$ sudo su
$ cd /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo
$ cat switch

You should see an output that looks something like this:
0:DIS-Audio: :DynOff:0000:01:00.1
1:IGD:+:Pwr:0000:00:02.0
2:DIS: :DynOff:0000:01:00.0

Notes:

IGD is the Integrated Graphics Display
DIS is the Discrete graphics device
+ is the active device
Pwr means the device is powered on
Off means the device is powered off
DynOff means the device has dynamically powered itself off, but can control its own power

How to change these values:

Command
Result

echo OFF>switch
Power off the inactive card

echo ON>switch
Power on the inactive card

echo DIS>switch
Switch to the discrete card immediately

echo DDIS>switch
Switch to the discrete card after restarting X

echo IGD>switch
Switch to the integrated graphics card immediately

echo DIGD>switch
Switch to the integrated graphics card after restarting X

With this in mind, it sounds like you will want to do this:

If the Radeon shows Off rather than DynOff, power it up: echo ON>switch
Switch to the Discrete device: echo DIS>switch
Power off the integrated graphics device: echo OFF>switch

Hopefully this gives you what you need.


How do I suppress Zenity dialog pop-up when starting Jupyter Notebook?

Problem found. I had installed jupyter with snap. Uninstalled and reinstalled with pip, now it works as expected.


You are using a tool for GTK+2 in a GTK+3 setting. To change the theme at Ubuntu 11.04 and later, you will need gnome-tweak-tool instead.


how do i download adobe flash on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

There is only one step. Run in terminal

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer

or use Ubuntu Software Center.


Dual Booting issues, windows 7 and ubuntu 12.10

When you say 'disk', are you referring to a manufactured installation CD that you ordered online or purchased at a store, or a CD you made yourself by downloading an iso and burning it to the disk? If the latter is true, you may have gotten a bad download (as uncommon as it seems, trust me, it happens to all of us).

In addition to this, I generally recommend against using physical disks when installing Ubuntu (I have had some mess-ups when doing so myself); I have found one of the most reliable tool to use when installing more widely used distros (like Ubuntu & Mint) is Linux Live USB (Or LiLi, for short; link). It puts the image onto a flash drive, as opposed to a disk, so any 1GB flash drive will generally do. All of this, of course, is optional, and CDs may work fine for you, so I advise to redownload the iso before trying it on a flash drive.

To check for iso file corruption, as well, you can use md5sum. I would just google it, as it's a bit easier to explain without words.


how to kill process inside the kernel itself not from the user level

No you cant. You are in userspace. glibc or shell cant do that. That is why linux is more secure than windows.

Signal only works in userspace, so there is no way you can stop kernel thread


Do all Linux programs have some kind of terminal command as well?

Apps can be at least executed from the terminal. However not all apps have special built in commands specific to the program.

However on a similar note there are terminal only apps that can only be used in a terminal,
And there are ones that you can open from a terminal, but only if you have a GUI installed.


Ubuntu One behind a proxy, how to make it work?

As of the version 3 of the Ubuntu One client (currently in 12.04, soon to be released for Windows and backported to older Ubuntu versions), connecting through a proxy should work in most situations. In Ubuntu you need to ensure ubuntuone-client-proxy is installed (it isn’t installed by default), and proxy settings should be picked up automatically.


Problem with resolution after updating Lubuntu

Lets open up a terminal, press Ctrl+Alt+T.

Now I’m guess if you are using LXDE your default text editor is now Leafpad, so type/copy this:

gksudo leafpad /etc/xdg/lxsession/LXDE/autostart

(if you use a different text editor change leafpad to whatever that may be)

You may be asked for a password as this file is saved as root, enter it and lets move on!

We need to enter find the correct XrandR command, you can find some help in this post about LightDM resolution, or by typing man xrandr to read the documentation.

Here is a sample command:

xrandr --auto --output DVI-1 --primary --mode 1680x1050 --left-of DVI-0

This command does the following

--auto : enables connected devices in their preferred mode
--output DVI-1 : selects the output device to modify
--primary : specifies the selected device as primary
--mode : sets a specific mode for the output device
--left-of DVI-0 : sets position of the devide to “left of” another device (DVI-0)

This command can be added to the end of your opened autostart file, remember to add a @ before the command. Here is my autostart file:

@xscreensaver -no-splash
@lxpanel --profile LXDE
@pcmanfm --desktop --profile LXDE
@/usr/lib/policykit-1-gnome/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1
@xrandr --auto --output DVI-1 --primary --mode 1680x1050 --left-of DVI-0

Now reboot and your resolution should be saved.


How do I install the library libSDL_image-1.2.so.0 required to run Dwarf Fortress?

It seems the game can't find some SDL libraries. Using apt-file the package I get (on 12.10) that provides that libraries is libsdl-image1.2:

➜  apt-file search  libSDL_image-1.2.so.0
libsdl-image1.2: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libSDL_image-1.2.so.0
libsdl-image1.2: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libSDL_image-1.2.so.0.8.4

So you should first verify that package is really installed. If it is then either the program needs the 32bit version or it indeed needs the 64bit version but can't find it.

To install the 32 bit version:

sudo apt-get install libsdl-image1.2:i386

If this still doesn't solve the problem you can try to run the game using LD_DEBUG=libs ./df. This will output a lot of info that could help to detect why it can't find that lib. Also, take a look at the README.linux file in Dwarf Fortress folder and check if all the requirements are satisfied.


The connection refused when I used ssh command

Is this about the same café hotspot as in your other question? In any case your network gateway prohibits the transmission of this package based on whatever criteria and filters them out but it gives you a nice diagnostic message about that fact in the ICMP response as visible in the ping output:

  […] Package filtered

Bottom line: this has nothing to do with SSH and everything to do with IP networking (possibly the network setup of the virtual machine but you didn't share that information with us).


Unable to boot into Windows after Ubuntu 14.04.3 installation

Disable GRUB hidden timeout.

Open a terminal and execute:

sudo apt-get install gksu

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Place a # in front of GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0

So that it reads now: #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0

Save the change - close the file and ... execute:

sudo update-grub

Now you should see the GRUB boot loader on start.

There should be a Windows entry in the boot menu.


How to have ssh running in the rescue mode?

When your system starts into the rescue mode, it uses the so called single user mode. This is runlevel 1. You'll find all programs which start here in /etc/rc1.d (starting with S).

You have to add ssh to runlevel 1. You can do this by making a symlink from /etc/init.d/ssh to /etc/rc1.d/S99ssh. The command update-rc.d assists you here. If you need a graphical program you can use bum (boot up manager).


First of all, i686 is for Intel. Just copy this command and paste in the terminal(ctrl+t), then hit enter

sudo apt-get install build-essential cdbs dh-make dkms execstack dh-modaliases fakeroot libqtgui4 lib32gcc1

then hit enter, type your password, and hit enter again.

after that, either reboot your computer manually or just type:

sudo reboot

and try again to download Steam from the Ubuntu Software Center.


How do I find out what application deleted a file?


These are the resolutions for failed installs of default packages from the repository.

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt install -f
$ sudo apt install vlc

The commands above works because the depends are actually in the repository and needs to be sure to have the latest updates and upgrades of the packages.


How do I configure a vlan-linked bridge in netplan to serve a VM?

I think I (almost) replicated your situation.
Both network interfaces of my server are connected to my router. My workstation is connected to the same router.
Configurations:
Server (Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS):

Interface: 192.168.0.240
Interface: 192.168.0.241

Bridge (br0) on VLAN which is on 1. Interface: 192.168.100.1
Netplan File on the server:
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      addresses: [ 192.168.0.240/24 ]
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [ 8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 ]
    enx00e04c534458:
      addresses: [192.168.0.241/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8,4.4.4.4]
  bridges:
    br0:
      addresses: [ 192.168.100.1/24 ]
      interfaces: [ vlan100 ]
  vlans:
    vlan100:
      accept-ra: no
      id: 100
      link: enp3s0f0

I am not sure if it is really necessary, but to make the server to route between its interfaces (remember I was connecting to 2 different networks before), I made the following configuration.
Add following line to /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

Run:
sudo sysctl -p

VM (Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS):
When installing the VM with virt-install, it couldn't get the IP address automatically, so I entered manually as:
subnet: 192.168.100.0/24
ip: 192.168.100.101
gateway: 192.168.100.1
VM could not connect to the internet, but installed succesfully.
Generated netplan file of the VM:
network:
  ethernets:
    enp1s0:
      addresses:
      - 192.168.100.101/24
      gateway4: 192.168.100.1
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 8.8.8.8
  version: 2

After installation, I was able to access to the VM on the server, but I couldn't access it from my workstation. It looked like a routing problem. So I added a route.
Workstation (Ubuntu 20.04 LTS):
Single interface with 2 IPs. 192.168.0.242 and 192.168.0.243
Netplan file on the workstation:
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [192.168.0.242/24,192.168.0.243/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [46.197.15.60,178.233.140.110,176.240.150.250]
      routes:
      - to: 192.168.100.0/24
        via: 192.168.0.240

The last 3 lines adds a route to 192.168.100.0 network, through the server's interface.
After all these configurations, I am able to connect to the VM from my workstation.
If I need to connect to the Vm from any other computer in my network, I need to add that routing information to them too.

The old answer, to be deleted later
I don't have 2 ethernet cards, so I am not able to test it, but I believe this method would possibly run. I believe you can do it without using a VLAN. At least it is something to try.
Make your netplan file as one nic configured as standart and the other one is configured as a bridge (without DHCP just to be sure), feel free to change the IP and nameservers as you wish :
network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
    eno1:
      dhcp4: no
    eno2:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [ 192.168.0.100/24 ]
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [ 8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 ]
  bridges:
    br0:
      dhcp4: no
      interfaces: [ en01 ]
      addresses: [ 192.168.0.101/24 ]
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      mtu: 1500
      nameservers:
        addresses: [ 8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 ]
      parameters:
        forward-delay: 4
        stp: true

Disable netfilter, add the bridge to KVM (I believe you already did them)

As said in the comment, a working netplan config with vlan:
network:
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      addresses: [192.168.0.240/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4]
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
    enx00e04c534458:
      addresses: [10.1.1.1/24]
      gateway4: 10.1.1.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8,4.4.4.4]
  vlans:
    vlan10:
      id: 10
      link: enp3s0f0
  bridges:
    br0:
      interfaces: [ vlan10 ]
      addresses: [192.168.1.240/24]
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd


Fix dpkg after interrupted do-release-upgrade

Fix missing packages, type in Terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove


Noise on headphones on HP Zbook 15 G2 with Ubuntu 14.04.2 and 15.10

The following two commands solved this problem for me on my 820 G2:

hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC1D0 0x0c SET_AMP_GAIN_MUTE 0x5180
hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC1D0 0x0c SET_AMP_GAIN_MUTE 0x6180

I added them to rc.local and a pm script for thaw/resume.


Open a terminal window Ctrl+Alt+t
cd ~/.config/gtk-3.0/
gedit gtk.css (gets created if it doesn't exits)
Add the following code:

/*.nemo-places-sidebar .view { */
.nemo-window .sidebar .view {
  background-color: @theme_fg_color;
  color: @theme_bg_color;
}

Save file and close gedit
Quit/close all nemo windows nemo -q
Startup a nemo file explorer nemo

After you close the Nemo window you will notice that the started process in the terminal window is still active. It will close automatically after 30 seconds, or you could force close it with Ctrl+c.
Tune to your liking...

I made reference to my theme defined colors in this example, an inverted their "normal use", but you can put directly an html color code if you prefer:
.nemo-window .sidebar .view {
  background-color: #605e54;
  color: #e5e5e5;
}

This method is Theme independent, unless ofcourse you make reference to theme colors. You can comment out with /* .... */ things you have in the gtk.css file if you don't want it to override the "default" settings or just delete the file.

Other CSS Properties:
First have a read through Overview of CSS in GTK+ to understand how these styles are formed.
I would recommend to investigate source code of themes to see if they have any Nemo specific sections such as here or [here].(https://github.com/linuxmint/mint-themes/blob/712039deb45e465c28dd4c27f65745e7dfb09c9a/src/Mint-Y/gtk-3.0/sass/_applications.scss#L241)
GtkStyleContextClass Constant def List properties that will be in the code as constants. May help in decifering some of it in a specific region of interest.
A lot will probably be inherited names as they will grab classifiers from common theme names, yet a search for gtk_style_context_add_class in the github repository brings a couple "new" names in sight.
src/nemo-config-base-widget.c --> `view`, `primary-toolbar`
src/nemo-properties-window.c --> `primary-toolbar`, `raised`
libnemo-private/nemo-places-tree-view.c --> `places-treeview`
src/nemo-trash-bar.c --> `nemo-cluebar-label`
src/nemo-floating-bar.c --> `floating-bar`
src/nemo-desktop-window.c --> `nemo-desktop-window`,
libnemo-private/nemo-icon-container.c --> `nemo-desktop`
src/nemo-pathbar.c --> `slider-button`
src/nemo-window-pane.c --> `nemo-inactive-pane`
libnemo-private/nemo-icon-canvas-item.c --> `nemo-canvas-item`, `dim-label`
libnemo-private/nemo-tree-view-drag-dest.c --> `treeview-drop-indicator`
src/nemo-window.c --> `nemo-window`
src/nemo-places-sidebar.c --> `nemo-places-sidebar`

Examples:
https://github.com/linuxmint/nemo/blob/master/gresources/nemo-style-fallback.css
https://github.com/linuxmint/nemo/blob/master/gresources/nemo-style-fallback-mandatory.css
https://github.com/linuxmint/nemo/blob/master/gresources/nemo-style-application.css
My Investigation:
I had a look into some code from Nemo and found that it was making calls to css-providers. Then "duckling" (don't know what to call "googling" through duckduckgo xD) similar search terms found this bit of code which has within the comments:

... certain files will be read when GTK+ is initialized.
First, the file $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/gtk-3.0/gtk.css is loaded if it exists.
Then, GTK+ loads the first existing file among XDG_DATA_HOME/themes/THEME/gtk-VERSION/gtk.css, $HOME/.themes/THEME/gtk-VERSION/gtk.css, $XDG_DATA_DIRS/themes/THEME/gtk-VERSION/gtk.css and DATADIR/share/themes/THEME/gtk-VERSION/gtk.css, where THEME is the name of the current theme (see the Settings:gtk-theme-name setting), DATADIR is the prefix configured when GTK+ was compiled (unless overridden by the GTK_DATA_PREFIX environment variable), and VERSION is the GTK+ version number. If no file is found for the current version, GTK+ tries older versions all the way back to 3.0.

So I went to ~/.config/gtk-3.0/ to only find a file named bookmarks
some more searching landed me to this gist and the search continues to all of the following resources:
a
,b
,c
,d
,e
,f
,g
,h
,i


Prevent a fullscreen game from disabling the volume control keys

There is no easy way I know of to do that, as the underlying problem is that fullscreen handling in Linux is fundamentally broken. Essentially the app, or in most cases SDL, grabs your keyboard exclusively and lets no one else use it.

However there are a few ugly workarounds:

https://github.com/Grumbel/fullscreen-tools

The sdl-hack tool in that repository allows you to force SDL applications into window mode via a LD_PRELOAD hack in case they don't have a switch for that themselves.

The windowtool.py on the other side lets you manipulate a window and force it into a non-keyboard grabbing fullscreen window by removing window decorations, set the window to keep-above and position the window. Common use would look something like:

sleep 1 && windowtool.py -a 1 -d 0  -m 0,0 ACTIVE

You however still have to manually use xrandr to change the resolution. So this isn't exactly an easy to use or easy to automate solution. But it does give you the results you want, at least for SDL apps.

PS: Documentation in that repository is quite out of date, sorry for that.


Ubuntu Cannot dump the server`s database in WinSCP

If you are already logged into your server with WinSCP, do not try to login again (using ssh) from its Console window. Use mysqldump directly:

mysqldump -u root -p mcc | gzip -9 > dblocal.sql.gz


Desktop background "freezes" in Ubuntu 11.04

OK, this has now been solved by upgrading to Ubuntu 11.10.

Unfortunately, it hasn't been solved as in "I fixed it and now I have no problems" - but I've already found the new problems filed as bugs, so hopefully there'll be fixes out soon enough.

I'm considering a downgrade while I'm waiting for the bugfixes to be released, and I'm hoping that the problems I had was due to some configuration error that has now been fixed during the upgrade, but we'll see. If I downgrade and the problem returns, I'll post here.


run the command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure phpmyadmin

You need to reconfigure it because lamp and xampp run phpmyadmin in different ports. So, it is probably a port conflict. You can also open server.xml in your lampp and change the port no. which would be different from that of xampp. Then both MySQL (of xampp and lamp as well) will run.


just kill the command again:

go the terminal from which you run the command sudo nautilus and then press the key Ctrl+C

Or easily just close the terminal by clicking on X, this would kill nautilus process


It seems while I was changing the settings of the audio, I have misspelled something on the configuration file and it is actually suggested by the error:

 E: [pulseaudio] conf-parser.c: [/etc/pulse/daemon.conf:74] Missing '='.

So I checked what was the original one and fixed it and it also fixed the issue.
So thanks to all who tried to help and sorry I might have wasted your time.


Neither cp (nor the more powerful rsync) have an option to transform symlink targets. You'd have to do that translation yourself:

% realpath --relative-to=. "$(readlink --canonicalize-missing folderY/mylink)"
../folderA/folderX/fileAX
% ln -s "$(realpath --relative-to=. "$(readlink --canonicalize-missing "folderY/mylink")")" mylinkcopy
% ls -lR
.:
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 muru muru 4096 May 22 22:01 folderY
lrwxrwxrwx 1 muru muru   25 May 22 22:17 mylinkcopy -> ../folderA/folderX/fileAX

./folderY:
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 muru muru 28 May 22 22:00 mylink -> ../../folderA/folderX/fileAX

Or, for this specific case, you can use tar's --transform with, e.g., s:[^/]*/:: to remove the first path component. I didn't expect it to transform the symlink target path as well, but it does:

% tar c -C folderY mylink | tar xv --transform 's:[^/]*/::'
mylink
% ls -lR
.:
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 muru muru 4096 May 22 22:01 folderY
lrwxrwxrwx 1 muru muru   25 May 22 22:00 mylink -> ../folderA/folderX/fileAX
lrwxrwxrwx 1 muru muru   25 May 22 22:17 mylinkcopy -> ../folderA/folderX/fileAX

./folderY:
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 muru muru 28 May 22 22:00 mylink -> ../../folderA/folderX/fileAX


The Lubuntu Alternate Installer

It might work better, if you install from the Lubuntu alternate iso file. Otherwise there might be problems caused by zram, that is used when running live from a desktop iso file.

See the following link, that was made as instructions for testing iso files before release, but it is useful also in this case,

Alternate Install (Unencrypted home) in Lubuntu Alternate i386

These instructions are intended to install a Lubuntu system with encrypted disk (LVM with encryption).


I had the same problem, as reported here. To have a fully operational Tmate I removed the repository from sources-list.d.
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tmate_io-ubuntu-archive-artful.list

And then installed Tmate normally.
sudo apt update
sudo apt install tmate

As described in the issue, the problem should be fixed, but this has worked for me so far.


How do I get a list of config options that a charm has?

juju get and then the charm name will tell you what config options it has and what the current value is, if any.

jorge@lowgirl:~/src/oneiric$ juju get statusnet
charm: local:oneiric/statusnet-1
service: statusnet
settings:
    email:
        description: The email address of the administrator (cannot be changed)
        type: string
        value: -Not set-
    nickname:
        description: The nickname for the administrator (cannot be changed)
        type: string
        value: -Not set-
    password:
        description: The password for the administrator
        type: string
        value: -Not set-
    title:
        description: The name of the site
        type: string
        value: Untitled

juju set will then pass along the config, like so:

juju set statusnet email="whatever@example.com" nickname="jorge" password="whatever"

Each command has corresponding documentation:

juju get --help
juju set --help


I am facing issues with Kernel Panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!

A "kernel panic" occurs when the kernel for some reason cannot continue running.

"Attempted to kill init" actually means:  "init died or failed to start."  This is process #1 and it has a special place in Linux such that the system cannot run without it.  Most likely there's a library error or some other problem which prevented the process from starting at all.  Check the dmesg logs immediately before the failure occurred.


Is there any way to use ubuntu to convert an ISO to DMG?

You can just rename this How to create an .img file from .iso on Ubuntu?

You will not have support for 10.04 however, you may want to install a lighter version (but newer) for older computer.


I just found xpra, which could solve your problem. It starts your program in a virtual xserver (by default xvfb) and allows you to attach the display locally or remote. It describes itself as an screen for X.

So all you need to do is

xpra start :100 --start-child=myprogram

on the initial display and

xpra attach :100

on the other display.


Powerbook G4 Ubuntu Backlight Install Trouble

Try running the make install command as sudo make install.

As per the

/usr/bin/install: cannot backup '/usr/local/etc/pbbuttonsd.cnf':
Permission denied

line, you (in the form of the make install command) are attempting to copy a file from /usr/local/etc/.

If I run ls -l (show permissions) on that directory in my computer, it returns root as the owner for the files in there, thus you would need root access (given via sudo) to change those files.


Writing ("injecting") text into existing Ubuntu terminal

If you do not have them, install xwininfo(in package x11-utils) and xvkbd:

sudo apt-get install x11-utils
sudo apt-get install xvkbd

Then find the window id of your "victim" window:

xwininfo

the cursor become a cross --- click on the gnome-terminal window where you want to inject the text. Among the info, copy the window id:

xwininfo: Please select the window about which you
      would like information by clicking the
      mouse in that window.

xwininfo: Window id: 0x1a005be "romano@samsung-romano: ~"
[...]

Now from another terminal you can inject characters:

(0)samsung-romano:~% xvkbd -window 0x1a005be -text "ls -l\n"

(Remember the \n if you want the command executed).

There are more way to identify the window --- look at the man page of xvkbd.
One of the method is to use the "class" property of XWindows. You can run a terminal with a specific class-name of your choice, for example:

xterm -class alfa &

and then inject in it via

xvkbd -window alfa -text "ls -l\n"

(I used xterm here, I couldn't do that with gnome-terminal --- I don't know why).


Low wireless signal with TP-Link TL-WN725N WiFi dongle

In my experience with TL-WN725N Dongle I thought it was the firmware from Git or the stock linux-firmware that comes from ubuntu to be problematic, but I followed this guide from http://linuxforums.org.uk/index.php?topic=11261.0 to retrace my steps and then I tried something different that I didn't believe that it will work, but it seems there is a conflict between these modules r8188eu and 8188eu and then what I did was:

I added this line: blacklist r8188eu

In

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Save and Quit from Text Editor

Then in

sudo gedit /etc/modules

I added this line at the end of the configuration: 8188eu. Save and Quit from Text Editor again

Then you do

sudo depmod -a
sudo update-initramfs -u

And before you reboot the system it is important to test these commands:

Check if the module you already blacklisted with

lsmod | grep r8188eu

If it's not removed then remove it with

sudo rmmod r8188eu

And finally you do

sudo rmmod 8188eu
sudo modprobe 8188eu

To refresh the module and you'll have a working with full signal wireless

Reboot!

Let me know if you have working wireless because there isn't any workaround like this in (Forums/Wikis/Unofficial Blogs) and it's tested by me and it's working perfectly.

You may notice that Network Manager is not showing you signals on the other wireless protected networks, but if you connect to the other wireless networks via WPA Key it will work as it should.

Enjoy!


Partition Formatting when installing Ubuntu along side Windows 10

This message appears to tell you that the whatever changes you have made to the disk partition for installing Ubuntu are finally going to be written to the disk. i. e.
the disk will be formatted  and Ubuntu will be installed to it.


There is no such thing in Debian/Ubuntu.

All major distribution is moving away from SysV init and adopting systemd. Ubuntu now uses upstart.


How to set Ubuntu as wireless accespoint in the GUI way?

You can very easily create an ad-hoc WiFi network using NetworkManager, so if the other system you want to connect to it supports that, it's most likely the easiest solution:

Click the NetworkManager icon in the menu, and look for the equivalent of Create New Wireless Network...;

Choose New... from the drop-down list (if there is one) and enter the information: the name you want for the Ad-Hoc network, its security, and password if you choose a security type. Note that WPA/WPA2 seems to not work so well, I've had much better luck with WEP or no security.


That should be

$ sudo mkdir /mnt/d
$ sudo mount -t drvfs D: /mnt/d

and you should see the file at /mnt/d/


How to share Desktop PC internet with android

First go to the dash and search for "Network" and open the application:

Once open it should show a window similar to this:

From here click on the "Use a Hotspot..." button. Doing this will disconnect your wireless adapter from its current access point (if it has one) and start an Ad-Hoc Wireless Hotspot. The panel in the network panel should now have changed to this:

Now all you have to do is scan for the hotspot on your phone and enter the proper security information to connect to the network.


Ubuntu : language support showing only french and english

I have no idea why the not installed languages don't show up in that list.

But these are some steps to let you type Japanese anyway:

Install Fcitx

sudo apt install fcitx

Install a Japanase input method engine

sudo apt install fcitx-mozc

Make Fcitx the input method framework

im-config -n fcitx

Reboot
Go to System Settings -> Text Entry and add Mozc to the input sources


Artificially lower brightness on all screens

The support for xRander to write to X11 applications does not exist on Wayland as documented here.

Also this forum thread discusses more in detail, stating there is no xrandr equivalent for Wayland. Post is old so might be alternatives out there.

The Backlight Utils on the ArchLinux Wiki states they are compatible with Wayland and does not control brightness using XServer. Not tested but might be the solution for you if you wish to continue using Wayland.


Can't ping websites with domains but can ping websites with ips

try this flow:
remove the symlink:
sudo rm /etc/resolv.conf

in /etc/resolv.conf
sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

put
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

and make it immutable:
sudo chattr +i /etc/resolv.conf

The last command will add immutable bit, so the file doesn't get
overwritten. After you set immutable bit, even the root account will
not be able to write to the file. If you wish to edit the file again
latter on, and remove immutable bit, use this command:

sudo chattr -i /etc/resolv.conf

No write permissions on a file even with `sudo`


How to tell if your USB ports support USB 3.0?

First be sure that your motherboard SAYS "Supports USB 3.0"

Then you can for example go to the terminal and type lsusb and it will show the version of the usb.

Another can be lshw but it shows a lot of info

If you want super full info then do sudo lsusb -v this should give you whole information about all ports and anything connected to any usb port.


WHY is wifi enabled then disabled on boot? How can I have it enabled (Pi + 20.04.1)

Thanks to @user535733, this is now fixed!
The solution was to specify
    renderer: networkd

in /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
It appears that NetworkManager and systemd-networkd were competing, so I stopped and disabled NetworkManager
sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager
sudo systemctl disable NetworkManager
sudo reboot

On the subsequent boot and the 3 since, wlan0 is all present and correct.


What options are available for C++ GUI development with Ubuntu?

How about using Glade and C++: http://glade.gnome.org/

Gtk+ interface builder which spits out an XML definition that can be parsed in GTK+.

I haven't used it with C++, but it works well with python and GTK.


How to change wallpaper or background of lock screen in Ubuntu 20.04?

Hello and welcome to ask Ubuntu.

Answer to your question

Your lock screen is basically a blurred image, based on your main home screen. So without changing your home screen, it is impossible to change.

Ways you might be able to do it

Now I have not tested this, but when I was using manjaro, I had a customized lock screen. I used this video to customize it. I believe that this may override the basic home screen with your own choice. Others have also said that you can also try this extension.

I believe this is new and intentional in GNOME 3.36.

Good luck!


Catalyst is available for Linux (http://support.amd.com/us/gpudownload/Pages/index.aspx) so multiple AMD cards won't be a problem I guess.


dpkg won't update - input/output error in indicator-session

Ok, I looked around some more and found a solution: It is in this post:
Unable to install any updates through update manager/apt-get upgrade

There is a link in the answer to this page: http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1232143.html

It comes down to editing the /var/lib/dpkg/status file and removing everything related to the broken package.

My system is up and running again!


Binding keys to buttons on a Ps3 gamepad controller

TF2 should have native controller support, at least it does on Windows. Try configure your controller in Steams BigPicture mode, that makes controllers work in most modern games or at least SDL2 based ones.

As for games that can't be made to work that way, try QtSixA.


Do you have "> Details" link in the update window? Try clicking on it - you'll see console output there, it may be asking you some question there, something like "config file changed, do you want to override?"


You'll need a driver for your motherboard to get those temperatures. For an MSI B450 board I used the appropriate NCT6775 driver. Try the "Additional Hardware feature" of gnome, it might detect it.
There has been asked as similar question here, it might help you.


Maybe there's something wrong with the PDF document that you're unable to open. Google Docs has more advanced functionality at being able to open PDF documents than many locally installed PDF readers. Try uploading the PDF to Google Drive and open it. It will open by default in Google Docs. Once it is opened you can use Google Docs to convert the document from PDF to some other supported document format and then download it from Google Docs to your computer. This worked when I tried it with a problem document that I couldn't open on my computer.


Error starting Ubuntu 16.04 LTS: Read-only file system

Lets first unplug all USB devices, and then check your file system for errors.

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

If for some reason you can't do the above...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted and determine which /dev/sdaX is your Ubuntu EXT4 partition
quit gparted
open a terminal window
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdaX # replacing X with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


How to enable Bluetooth in i3wm in Ubuntu 16.04?

I found blueman-manager to be really great for quickly adding bluetooth devices. Maybe this can work for you, if you haven't found a solution yet?


Try this in apache configuration

<Location "/">
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass http://localhost:8080/
    ProxyPassReverse http://localhost:8080/
</Location>

Don't forget to enable proxy and proxy_http for this you can use the command

sudo a2enmod proxy && sudo a2enmod proxy_http

After this, you have to restart your apache server.