Unable to create writable share in samba

Remove samba by executing following commands

sudo apt-get remove --purge samba
sudo apt-get remove --purge smbclient libsmbclient
sudo apt-get purge samba samba-common
sudo rm -rf /etc/samba/ /etc/default/samba

Install it again

sudo apt-get install samba
sudo apt-get install smbclient libsmbclient

Now original smb.conf has been restored so restart Ubuntu then add user from terminal.

root@Dell-Inspiron-3521:~# sudo smbpasswd -a username (username should be without space eg "sudo smbpasswd -a alamjitsingh")
New SMB password:*********
Retype new SMB password:*********
Added user alamjitsingh.

Now edit smb.conf file as follows. Mentioned lines must be present in the the code.

sudo gedit /usr/share/samba/smb.conf

[global]
 workgroup = WORKGROUP
 passdb backend = tdbsam
 security = user

[Optional] If you want to share folder which are inside opt directory then you also have to add following line in global section.

usershare owner only = False

In authentication section turn "map to guest = bad user" off by adding # at starting of code

#map to guest = bad user

At last add your personal code

   [sqr_custom]
path = /opt/oracle/psft/pt/ps_home8.55.11/sqr_custom
comment = Personal_Share
read only = no
available = yes
browseable = yes
writable = yes
guest ok = no
public = yes
printable = no
locking = no
strict locking = no

Apart from this your shared folder is in opt folder which require permissions to write. So firstly test this prog by sharing folder of home directory. Then we will proceed further. To know correct path of shared folder drag and drop folder on running terminal.

If you are succeed to run above code then do the following

To create a  group:

sudo groupadd demoGroup

To add the user account to the group:

sudo usermod -G demoGroup username(eg alamjitsingh)

For setting permissions of writing

sudo chown -R username:groupname /opt/demo

eg

sudo chown -R alamjitsingh:demogroup /opt/demo

Following lines are for granting the write access to members of the demoGroup in directory demo (It will grant all demoGroup members to write)

sudo chgrp -R demogroup /opt/demo
sudo chmod 2770 /opt/demo

Restart services

sudo service nmbd restart
sudo service smbd restart

eg of shared folder of restricted directory with write privilege

[demo]
path = /opt/demo
comment = HD Share
read only = no
available = yes
browseable = yes
writable = yes
guest ok = no
public = yes
printable = no
locking = no
strict locking = no
force create mode = 0660
force directory mode = 2770
force user = alamjitsingh
force group = demogroup


how to clear/erase the content of found partition using sgdisk

From sgdisk manpage:

   -d, --delete=partnum
          Delete a partition. This action deletes the entry from the partition table but does
          not disturb the data within the sectors originally allocated to  the  partition  on
          the  disk.  If  a  corresponding  hybrid MBR partition exists, gdisk deletes it, as
          well, and expands any adjacent 0xEE (EFI GPT) MBR protective partition to fill  the
          new free space.

Therefore, to delete partition Client_Image (number 3)

sudo sgdisk -d 3 -s /dev/sdc

Will delete partition 3, then sorts modified partition table.


Thinkpad not working with docking station

Today I had the same problem as you. There is a bug in kernel 4.15.0-44. See here:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1813765

To downgrade the kernel to 4.15.0-43 please follow instructions from https://itsfoss.com/upgrade-linux-kernel-ubuntu/


You do not need to install the Server version of Ubuntu, it is not necessary as the difference between the server and desktop versions is primarily in the package selection, they are not different OSes.

I would recommend just disabling the X server on boot instead.


If it stalls there for a minute there's a good chance that nothing is wrong. I've seen a pause at that point at times myself.

While nautilus thinks it is writing to the stick, some of the data is being written to kernel managed cache. It's also possible that some of the data that the kernel has written to the stick is still being processed by the firmware on the USB stick.

When the file is closed at the very end of the copy the kernel makes sure virtually all of the data has been written. When you ask that the stick be ejected or unmounted the kernel synchronizes with the stick to make sure absolutely everything has been written. This is the reason for not just pulling out the stick without ejecting or unmounting it.

If the copy eventually start again you might try another stick to see if the problem is the media or if there is a bug in your system.


Error: “git: 'submodule' is not a git command” on Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS and git 2.18.1

Running sudo apt update followed by sudo apt install git installs git from Ubuntu's repositories. This build of git has a working submodule command. I recommend installing git that way, unless you have a specific reason to do otherwise.

Although you should be able to build git from source code in such a way that git submodule works, for most people the best way to install git on Ubuntu is to install the Ubuntu package for it. The package is simply called git. It supports the submodule command.

Also, do try finding which git client might be troubling you. Run type git to locate it. Then remove this version and reinstall git.

To install the git package, run:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install git

git submodule works for me on an 18.04 LTS system on which git was installed that way.

(There is also a git-all package, which installs additional tools and services. Those instructions suggest it, but I don't think most users ever need anything beyond what the git package provides. It won't hurt anything to install it, but if you just install git you can still install git-all later. The 18.04 LTS system on which I just tested git submodule does not have the git-all package, or most of its dependencies, installed.)

When a newly installed version of a program should offer new behavior but unexpectedly behaves the same as what you had before, often the cause is that what you had before is still running, rather than the new software. The type command can help diagnose this. Based on further investigation of your problem, that strongly appears to be what is going on.

When you ran type -a git, it revealed that you had multiple installations of git and that the one that was actually running (/home/.../linux-devkit/sysroots/x86_64-arago-linux/usr/bin/git) was different both from the one installed through Ubuntu's package manager and the one you recently installed from source.

If you don't need that one, it may be best to uninstall it. If you do need it, or cannot remove it for some reason -- and also in the mean time, before you do remove it -- you can work around the problem by ensuring that the directory that contains a properly working git executable appears in $PATH before that one.

If it is acceptable to put /usr/bin in $PATH before /home/.../linux-devkit/sysroots/x86_64-arago-linux/usr/bin, that will solve the problem.

But that might not be acceptable. Perhaps you're relying on other executables being found first in that other bin directory. In that case, you could put a symlink to /usr/bin/git in some other directory that is earlier in your $PATH than that.

I recommend that approach over further breaking that git installation by renaming or deleting specific files such as /home/.../linux-devkit/sysroots/x86_64-arago-linux/usr/bin/git. The reason is that git has multiple executables, as some git commands are provided externally to the main git executable. Renaming (or deleting) some but not others could cause a situation where you're running one version of git that uses pieces of another version of git. This would probably work okay most of the time, but it would be complicated to troubleshoot when it didn't.


In my experience, either USB-FDD or USB-HDD is what you want to choose. I believe it depends on how the flash drive is formatted. FAT32 and any derivatives or similar ones (ie, exFAT and FAT) will probably be the USB-FDD option, while NTFS and EXT formatted flash drives will boot when the USB-HDD option is selected.

This is something that I often test multiple times. If one doesn't work, hit Ctrl + Alt + Del to reset before the main OS boots, then try another one.


How to control speaker balance or disable one speaker?

I don't know any way to lock a control with ALSA or PulseAudio, but this little hack should work:

stdbuf -oL alsactl monitor | \
while read; do
    amixer -D pulse sset Master 0,-
done

It watches for volume changes using alsactl monitor (you can run this command yourself and change the volume to see what it does), and every time a change is made, it resets the volume of the left channel to 0.

You may need to change:

pulse to something else if you're using a different audio device.
0,- to -,0 if you want to keep the right channel muted instead.
Master to something like Speaker,0 if you want a secondary control (e.g. headphones) to work as normal.

You can make the script run at startup by:

Putting it in a file, e.g. ~/.bin/alsa-fix,
giving the file permission to be run: chmod +x ~/.bin/alsa-fix, and
adding the line ~/.bin/alsa-fix & to ~/.profile.

The script should use virtually no CPU or RAM, but if you want to make it even more efficient, you can probably run it with dash by adding the line #!/bin/dash to the top of the file.


How can I change external monitor screen brightness via command line?

echo "scale=2; $( xrandr --current --verbose | grep "Brightness:" | cut -d ":" -f 2 | cut -d $'\n' -f 1 ) +0.2" | bc |xargs -t xrandr --output HDMI-0 --brightness

Yea weird solution but it works for me
echo "scale=2; $( xrandr --current --verbose | grep "Brightness:" | cut -d ":" -f 2 | cut -d $'\n' -f 1 ) - 0.2" | bc |xargs -t xrandr --output HDMI-0 --brightness

Try changing output via
xrandr --current --verbose | grep "Brightness:"

and -f 2 to 1 or for multiple monitors as well


Why is DropBox not included in sync indicator in 13.04?

Because the upstream DropBox code has not been changed to support the new sync indicator. Or, if it has already, you are running an older version and need to upgrade to the newer version which does.


how to remove snap packages after removing snap?

You need snap to remove the snap you want. As mentioned in this article:

If you find packages installed under snap list, you’d have to remove
them by using the following command.
sudo snap remove --purge package-name

“package-name” needs to be removed with the actual installed package
name.


Advanced Settings dialog box on Ubuntu MATE is too long for the screen, so can't change settings

Either...

Hold down the ALT key, and then left-click-hold-drag inside the window and drag the window such that you can get to the Apply button.

Make sure that workspaces are enabled with 2-4 workspaces, open the settings, and then switch to workspace 2/3 to be able to get to the Apply button.


pip won't run after using sudo once to install a library

There seems to be an usual problem when upgrading pip. Try this in order to avoid using sudo:

python -m pip install --user package
python3 -m pip install --user package


This is counter to best practice, but here's how:

Create an Ubuntu USB startup stick
Boot to the stick
Instruct the installer to install into one of the listed 1TB drives.
Configure your bios to boot to that 1TB hard drive.
Switching back to windows will require you to go back into the BIOS and select the 120GB SSD.

Again - not ideal. At boot time, your motherboard hunts for the device you told it to boot to. Best practice is a true "dual boot" where all OSs live within a single drive. I recommend you shrink the Windows partition and install alongside it inside your primary 120GB SSD. This will allow grub to point at either Windows 7 or Ubuntu at each boot. To do this:

Create an Ubuntu startup stick
Shrink your existing Windows partition enough to fit Ubuntu, maybe 10GB?
Instruct the installer to install into one of the blank paritions on the 120GB SSD
Reboot - select the OS you want!


How to concat multiple text files that were updated in the last 12 hours into one

Try

find _dir_ -mmin 720 -exec cat {} \; >>_single_file_

This will find all files in dir that have been modified in the last 720 minutes (12 hours) and cat them out.  The append to _single_file_ means they all get concatenated to one file.

Hope this helps.


How to open a directory/folder and a URL through Terminal

To Open Directory:

To open a Folder from terminal type the following,

nautilus /path/to/that/folder

or

xdg-open /path/to/the/folder

i.e

nautilus /home/karthick/Music
xdg-open /home/karthick/Music

Simply typing nautilus will take you file browser,

nautilus

To Open URL:

You can type any one of the following in terminal,

xdg-open http://google.com
google-chrome http://google.com
opera http://google.com
firefox http://google.com

If you want to open two URL's at the same time then leave some space after the first URL and type the second,

firefox www.google.com www.gmail.com

Note:

Linux is case-sensitive, so type the file name correctly.
You can also add an alias to short the command,for example if you need openurl instead of x-www-browser you should edit the .bashrc file
gedit ~/.bashrc
In the bottom of the file add the following lines

alias openurl=x-www-browser

Save and close the file.
Now you can open URLs by typing,

openurl http://google.com


Editing the ~/.bashrc file for hadoop installation

To troubleshoot you should first run the command:

ls -l /home/hduser/.bashrc

It will display:

-rw-r--r-- 1 hduser   186 Jun 27 15:27 /home/hduser/.bashrc

The first column (-rw-r--r--) lists permissions, the third one (hduset) the file owner.
If the owner is not hduser but root, you'd need to run:

sudo chown hduser /home/hduser/.bashrc

If there was a hduser listed as the owner, but permissions would not contain w, you'd need to run:

sudo chmod u+w /home/hduser/.bashrc


How to recover a usb which was made bootable using dd tool

You need to remove the image of the install disk completely. Run the following series of commands:

sudo fdisk /dev/sd_ # Insert drive letter as appropriate
    p         # This will list partitions on it. CHECK it's the pendrive!
    d         # Delete partition (repeat until all deleted).
    p         # If you still have partitions, run d again
    n         # Create a new partition. Physical, accept defaults for size etc
    t         # Change type - use option b (vfat). Consider c (bigger USB sticks).
    w         # Write out changes & quit fdisk

sudo mkfs -t vfat /dev/sd_1


Slow (Wireless) Internet Connection on Ubuntu 16.04

I had the same issue.
I've tried almost everything : propritary driver,open source driver, blacklist driver, update kernel, etc ...

nothing worked !

Upgrade to ubuntu 18.04 fix the problem


Cannot theme windows in Advanced Settings in GNOME 3.2

You have to restart the shell after changing it, to apply the new theme:
Alt+F2, write r and press Enter.

If it's still not working, launch the advanced settings from the terminal (gnome-tweak-tools) and look if there's some sort of problem reported.


Bash script to automate truecrypt volume creation, mounting and unmounting

Use the --password=password flag to pass a random/set password through.

I would also use the --non-interactive flag so nothing interrupts the automation process.

Here is a list of all available commands to use with truecrypt:

http://www.irongeek.com/i.php?page=backtrack-3-man/truecrypt


I got the same problem on my machine, I find the solution here:

Edit the file /etc/modprobe.d/bumblebee.conf or create a new file if you are not using bumblebee and add a line to it:

alias nvidia-uvm nvidia-340-uvm

You should replace nvidia-340-uvm into the version you are using. You can find it by

sudo updatedb
locate --regex nvidia-.*-uvm.ko


Where to configure which calendar is displayed by the default time & calendar indicator applet?

Install Evolution

sudo apt-get install evolution

Open it. You will see which calendars are enabled. Delete those you don't need it.


Did you verify that the resulting binary/script is flagged as executeable?

chmod 755 SOMEFILE or chmod +x SOMEFILE

an example listing for validation sake:

ls -al $HOME/bin/juju-recycle-local

-rwxr-xr-x 1 charles charles 562 Jan 17 18:00 /home/charles/bin/juju-recycle-local


Want to replace Ubuntu 12.04 with 14.04 without using internet

you could just get any iso and get it in a usb making it by disk creator and then just boot up BIOS and change the boot selection to usb first and then reboot and download. easy


LTS Enablement Stack on Trusty has unmet depencies

The correct command is

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-wily xserver-xorg-lts-wily libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-wily libglapi-mesa-lts-wily libwayland-egl1-mesa-lts-wily libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-wily:i386 libglapi-mesa-lts-wily:i386

That "official" wiki is always wrong.

And also be aware that you do not HAVE to upgrade xserver-xorg if you want the 4.2 kernel. You can upgrade just kernel by

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-wily


Apple's Boot Camp uses a hybrid MBR to help a BIOS-booted Windows coexist with an EFI-booted OS X. As noted on the linked-to page, hybrid MBRs are dangerous and trouble-prone. I suspect you may be running into a problem related to this. Your fdisk output seems to show the MBR side of things -- certainly the single line of output you've shown is consistent with either a pure MBR disk or a hybrid MBR, not with a pure GPT disk. (Hint: Don't be stingy with program output when posting questions; show the entire output of a command like fdisk -l /dev/sdc!)

One of the problems with hybrid MBRs is that the MBR and GPT sides can get out of sync. It's entirely possible that this has happened to you -- but that's speculative on my part. To know, you'd need to compare the start and end points of the GPT and MBR partition tables. To do this, run both gdisk -l /dev/sdc (to see the GPT side) and fdisk -l /dev/sdc (to see the MBR side), and compare the data.

Another possibility is that you're not accessing the correct partition. The MBR's /dev/sdc3 (which you've identified as being a Windows partition) may not be the same as the GPT's /dev/sdc3. This is a critical point because in Linux, the GPT side is what's used to create device identifiers, so when you tried to mount /dev/sdc3, you were probably mounting the GPT's /dev/sdc3, not the MBR's /dev/sdc3. (Of course, this assumes that the disk has a hybrid MBR, which isn't certain given the information you've presented, although I think it's likely.) Again, comparing the GPT and MBR data from gdisk and fdisk, respectively, will help you understand what's going on.


There's two types of printf. The one provided by coreutils and the one provided by Bash as a shell built-in.

$ type printf
printf is a shell builtin
$ /usr/bin/printf --help
Usage: /usr/bin/printf FORMAT [ARGUMENT]...
  or:  /usr/bin/printf OPTION
Print ARGUMENT(s) according to FORMAT, or execute according to OPTION:
...

In order to get help about Bash's built-in, use the help command instead:

$ help printf
printf: printf [-v var] format [arguments]
    Formats and prints ARGUMENTS under control of the FORMAT.
...


Puppet server cannot find certificate request when importing certificate

Deepak, you need to replace 'meercat02.example.com' with your actual host name.

You can get a list of the certificates waiting to be signed with

puppet cert --list

On the puppet master. You should see your puppet client listed there and you can then run

sudo puppetca --sign whatever.your.hostname.is

If you don't see the client's hostname, then you may want to verify that the hosts entries you created are correct.


You will want to install gnome-tweak-tool and then enable the "Desktop icons ng" extension. Here's how you can do this:

Open Terminal (if it's not already open)
Update apt:
sudo apt update

Install Gnome Tweaks:
sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool

Open Gnome Tweaks:

In the "Extensions" tab, ensure the top toggle is enabled as well as "Desktop icons ng":

Copy/Paste/Move files to the desktop to your heart's content

Note: One issue that I see with this extension is that you cannot delete files from the desktop with Shift+Delete. Instead you will need to right-click, then choose "Move to trash"


Android studio is installed however I'm unable to locate or open it

Check in the /opt folder if you have the directory android-studio.

On terminal:

  cd /opt
  ls

If you find the directory android-studio, change the directory to
      cd /android-studio/bin
You will find various files there. Run the studio.sh file

  sh studio.sh

You will get the installation wizard.

Edit:
To open android studio, locate the path where Android Studio is installed. Use

cd ~/installed-path/android-studio/bin

Open studio with the command

./studio.sh


What does "selecting previously deselected package" mean?

Ubuntu comes with a default set of packages installed and the package manager track those packages. If you remove a package that is installed by default, it becomes marked as "deselected". This means it was installed previously, but has been removed. In fact any package that you install and then remove becomes marked as "deselected".

This is useful for example to replicate the same packages you have on another machine or after a clean install. You can generate a list of "selected" and "deselected" packages on your system using the package manager and then load this list on another machine, which will make the package manager on it to install all "selected" and uninstall the ones marked as "deselected".

To replicate your packages selection on another machine (or restore it if re-installing), you can run this:

dpkg --get-selections > ~/my-packages

Then move the file "my-packages" to the other machine, and there run:

sudo dpkg --set-selections < my-packages && sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade

When you run the command above, all packages that were marked as "selected" will be installed in a batch and all packages marked as "deselected" will be removed, if present. This is a very handy feature.


How to change the default US keyboard to a Hungarian keyboard

Just run the following command in terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.libgnomekbd.keyboard layouts "['hu', 'us']"

If you want only Hungarian keyboard layout, use:

gsettings set org.gnome.libgnomekbd.keyboard layouts "['hu']"


Auto-complete not working in Chrome Ubuntu 14.04

This might be due to disabling of auto fill in browser. so please check the following,

settings---->select Show Advanced Settings----->Under Passwords and forms---->Click Check the box Enable Autofill to fill out web forms in a single click.

Hope this helps!!!!


It depends what you want lo or lo: which is an interface alias.

ifconfig lo:0 127.0.0.2 netmask 255.0.0.0 up
ifconfig lo:1 127.0.0.3 netmask 255.0.0.0 up
ifconfig lo:2 127.0.0.4 netmask 255.0.0.0 up

works. If you want to have more IP's on lo use

route add -host 127.0.0.3 dev lo
route add -host 127.0.0.4 dev lo
route add -host 127.0.0.5 dev lo

works too.
If you want to remove it, use:

route del -host 127.0.0.3
route del -host 127.0.0.4
route del -host 127.0.0.5

See also IP-Aliasing Linux Networking-HOWTO


Global settings and data : /opt/appname

User specfic data: /home/userme/appname

configuarations : ~./config/appname

Temporary files : /tmp


Problem with Ubuntu Software Center download rate

Try a different mirror.

There is a list here : https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+cdmirrors

Select a mirror close to you with a large bandwidth.

Synaptic also has the ability to identify the fastest mirror.

http://www.ubuntugeek.com/how-to-select-fastest-mirror-in-ubuntu.html

You will have to install synaptic first of course =)


Updated from 15.10 to 16.04, now don't have sound!

When this happened to me, I found another driver under the "additional drivers" tool which I selected. After restart it worked. Also had to do it for my video card. You can find the tool by opening the dash, then just type add.


You can use Network Manager's cli interface, nmcli.

I'm sure you already have the BSSID.  You can check and verify it with:
(the $ is the command prompt.  The lines following the command is the output.)

$ nmcli -f in-use,ssid,bssid,signal,bars  dev wifi
*  SSID               BSSID              SIGNAL  BARS
*  Apollo III (TWC)   XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX  98      ▂▄▆█
   Chromecast8481     XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX  97      ▂▄▆█
   --                 XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX  94      ▂▄▆█
   Apollo III (1)     XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX  87      ▂▄▆█
   TWCWiFi            XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX  80      ▂▄▆_
   CableWiFi          XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX  80      ▂▄▆_
   TWCWiFi-Passpoint  XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX  80      ▂▄▆_
   Apollo III (1)     XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX  70      ▂▄▆_

The cli for the connection to the BSSID is:

$ nmcli d wifi connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

That command will give you a GUI prompt for the password.  You could enter the password on the commanline (may be a security concern):

$ nmcli d wifi connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX password "mypassword"

The latter won't prompt for a password but will connect to the specified network by the BSSID in the command.  If you were already previously connected to a different network, it will be replaced with the one specified in the command.

The command will also add the connection info to the /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections location.  The location is protected.

Subsequent connections can be made via the network icon in the notification area by the name created.


PPAs tend to be added into their own files in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/. Here is an extract from a ls in that directory on this system:

am-monkeyd-nautilus-elementary-ppa-maverick.list
am-monkeyd-nautilus-elementary-ppa-maverick.list.save
awn-testing-ppa-maverick.list
awn-testing-ppa-maverick.list.save
banshee-team-banshee-unstable-maverick.list
banshee-team-banshee-unstable-maverick.list.save
banshee-team-ppa-maverick.list

If you're trying to move these to another system or back them up, just using these files is not the best idea because these files have version specific strings in them. Look at my answer on another question. It will generate a list of PPA strings that you can add back manually (or with a little script that just loops the list).


Restore to a standard storage device

You can use mkusb to restore a cloned USB boot drive to a standard storage device with an MSDOS partition table and a FAT32 file system. I think this is what you mean by format.

See these links,

Install mkusb

If you run standard Ubuntu live, you need an extra instruction to get the repository Universe. (Kubuntu, Lubuntu ... Xubuntu have the repository Universe activated automatically.)

sudo add-apt-repository universe  # only for standard Ubuntu

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mkusb/ppa  # and press Enter
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mkusb mkusb-nox usb-pack-efi

Use mkusb to restore to a standard storage device

Other partition table and/or file systems

If you need some other formatting, other partition table and or partitions with other file systems, you start with mkusb to remove data that might cause confusion, and use gparted afterwards.

In this case it is enough to let mkusb wipe the first mibibyte and then
Install gparted if not already installed

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gparted

And then use gparted

Start with the pull-down menu Device - Create Partition Table and then
Create partitions with file systems with the intuitive user interface.

If still problems

if still problems, try according to this link, that might help you analyse the problem and find a solution.

Can't format my usb drive. I have already tried with mkdosfs and gparted - Analysis


The locate command uses a database that is only updated once per day by default. So it is possible the files are showing up even though they have already been removed. To list only files that actually exist, you can either add the -e option

locate -e '*.hs'

or (if you have sufficient privileges), update the database with

sudo updatedb


Problem understanding a grub.cfg line with search.fs_uuid

hd8,gpt5 is just hint for GRUB, which is used when uuid is found more than once (multiple partitions with the same UUID).

Full version of the first line could look like:

search --set=root --fs-uuid <uuid> --hint hd8,gpt5

Hint could be, in the most cases, safely ommited (or fixed to actual values without any risk to get unbootable system).


Where can I get a usb remote control with arrow keys that map to the arrow keys on the keyboard?

One solution is if you have a mobile phone with bluetooth/wifi and touchscreen, then you can use that to control many Ubuntu applications, including Evince, LibreOffice Impress, Totem and Banshee. Many others are supported and you can add them yourself. It's a little bit complicated to configure, but doable. You'll need to install Anyremote on your PC and the Anyremote client on your phone. (It's a Java midlet).

There are also standalone numpads, which are very popular by accountants, but might also be of use to you. Google can help you find one if that's the sort of thing you want: http://www.google.com/search?client=ubuntu&channel=fs&q=usb+numpad&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8


libmwmclmcr.so cannot locate libXp.so.6 while it is installed

In MATLAB notation the glnx86 means 32-bit.

So you need to install 32-bit libraries from Ubuntu and Debian Jessie repositories

sudo apt-get install libice6:i386 libsm6:i386 libxt6:i386

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/libx/libxp/libxp6_1.0.2-2_i386.deb
sudo apt-get install ./libxp6_1.0.2-2_i386.deb

and then retry to launch tico.


dash search results not showing my files

The Unity Dash does not provide this functionality by default however you can add this with the recoll-lens package for Unity.

About recoll:

  Recoll is a full text search desktop tool which indexes the contents of many file formats including OpenOffice, MS Office, PostScript, MP3 and other audio files, JPEG and more.

You can install the Recoll Unity Lens with the following commands (for Ubuntu 11.04 - 13.04):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:recoll-backports/recoll-1.15-on
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install recoll recoll-lens

(source)


Ubuntu server doesn't detect new disk using fdisk/cfdisk/parted

You probably need to load the right driver for the specific RAID chipset on the machine. I went to the lenovo website and found

https://datacentersupport.lenovo.com/ca/en/products/servers/thinksystem/st550/7x09/downloads

They appear to only have driver packages for SUSE and RHEL; in short, they're only supporting the Red Hat flavours of linux, and not the Debian flavour (which is what Ubuntu is based on). It may be possible to install the drivers and have them work, but you're going to have to do it "by hand" as the drivers come in a rpm package, not a deb package.

You could try the alien package which can let you install rpms on debian flavours of linux (like ubuntu). You should be able to get it by opening a terminal and typing:

sudo apt-get install alien
sudo alien <file name of rpm>

It converts .rpm packages to .deb packages. Once you have a .deb package, you can run

sudo dpkg -i <file name of deb>

A quick google says you can also try

sudo alien -i <file name of rpm>

to just install it directly from the .rpm file.
If all looks all right, try rebooting the machine and see if the hardware RAID becomes available as a disk. Run your partitioner and set up volumes.

At that point, you're going to need to go into

/etc/fstab

and set the partitions up to be mounted at boot.

Good luck, and let everyone know if it works!


How to enter password on console with NetworkManager's nmcli

Try using the --ask flag:

nmcli --ask con up id MyVPN

I've dropped sudo because it is probably unnecessary (and dangerous).


Why is the hard drive still full after deleting some files?

Use du to find where the most space is used:

sudo du -xs /* 2>/dev/null |sort -n

This will give you a list of all directories in / sorted by size (2>/dev/null just serves to hide error messages, -x restricts the search to one file system).

e.g.

3510468 /var
6398936 /usr
14496756    /home

Now the last lines in the output tell you the biggest directories, the next step (in my example) would be

sudo du -xs /home/* 2>/dev/null |sort -n

and so on, until you find where all your space is used up.

There use ls -lS to see all the files, sorted by size, the decide what you want to delete. Caution don't just delete any big file if you don't know what its purpose is :-))


Can't use nvidia GPU optimization (libcublas.so)

I solved the same problem by putting the following two lines in the file $HOME/.bashrc

export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

This will set some environment variables in order to run and write CUDA enabled programs.


Problems installing node and elm.Cant access folders due to permissions

You could use my pathlld tool, to look at permissions, ownerships, mount status, etc. See https://github.com/waltinator/pathlld.git - Bash script to answer "Why can't I read/write that file?".


OK, so I seem to have resolved the issue for me!:)

I deleted the ~/.dvdcss folder. (For the unitiated like me, that means it's in your home folder, but also be aware you will need to show the hidden files in order to see it.)

From my limited understanding, it seems that if you try a disc and it doesn't work first time you will need to delete this file or your player will always try to use the wrong encryption code.


Copy your files somewhere else first.
If as in your example the comment is on one line do

for file in *.java
do
   sed -i 's|/\*[^/]*\*/||g' "$file"
done


Go into Ubuntu's "Software Sources" options and check the box to enable the "xenial-proposed" or "proposed software updates" repository. (version 3.8.4-2ubuntu2 of the package should be available in there)

Then open a terminal and run

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt install gambas3-gb-qt4-webkit

Let us know if that works or if you have further questions.


Open a termimal from control alt f1, log in, if that is not possible boot a live dvd, mount your disk.

And start removing files until you get to a root with 95% full or less. Be careful to not delete system files and stick to files you are sure you can remove. Focus on removing bleachbit and files it created.

du -H  will show your current disk usage so you can check how much space you have.


Unable to find Installed SSL Certificate on Ubuntu

To view all of the certificates try the following 'for' loop:

for i in $(ls /etc/ssl/certs/*.pem)
do
openssl x509 -text -noout -in $i >> my_certs
done

This presupposes that you cert is installed in a standard location, you should modify the path for a non-standard location. The loop creates the file my_certs that can then be opened and searched with gedit or other text editor...

References:

Viewing SSL Certificates already installed.


Where did Rhythmbox's visualizations in 12.04 go?

In 12.04, RhythmBox has been ported to GTK3 (i.e. the GNOME3 UI), and is currently missing quite a bit of the old functionality (including visualization); old plugins are not supported either.
A visualization plugin is available in experimental GNOME3, but upgrading to this requires upgrading a lot more than RhythmBox and is not recommended.
For visualization, it's best to wait until 12.10, when the upstream changes from above will probably be included.

For other plugins (lyrics, etc.), AU mod/superuser fossfreedom has been testing and porting them to his PPA so they will work with the stock Rhythmbox; please see this answer for which ones are available and how to install them.


Cannot add custom launcher to Ubuntu Dock ('Add to Favorites' option does not show up)

Open Terminal and run

gsettings get org.gnome.shell favorite-apps

You should get the list of .desktop files associated to the apps pinned to Ubuntu dock in order, something like the following:

['appname-1.desktop', 'appname-2.desktop', 'appname-3.desktop', 'appname-4.desktop', 'appname-5.desktop']

Suppose you want to pin the app associated to the intellij.desktop file as the second item in the dock. In that case, run

gsettings set org.gnome.shell favorite-apps "['appname-1.desktop', 'intellij.desktop', 'appname-2.desktop', 'appname-3.desktop', 'appname-4.desktop', 'appname-5.desktop']"


Screen has a hardcopy feature, which saves the contents of the current window to a hardcopy.* file in the current directory. By default it's bound to Ctrl-A h.


Convert multiline bash script to an one line

Parsing bash in oneliners is a hard task...

Anyway as a starting point, here goes a suggestion to cover very specific situations like the one presented

perl -p0e '
    s/#.*//;
    s/;?\s+(do|done|then|else|fi)\s+/ ; $1 /g '


Firefox 37.0.2 not opening (removing firefox did not help) runing ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Most likely:
In far most cases, if an application still does not work after a (complete) reinstall, its local settings files or profile(s) are corrupted for some reason.
In this case, the firefox local files are in ~/.mozilla
What to do:
You should either remove the directory ~/.mozilla or, if it contains valuable settings, first try to rename it. Then (best before running Firefox again), log out and back in.
.desktop files
Another option, although not very likely in this case, is an outdated or otherwise incorrect local .desktop file in ~/usr/share/applications. This can especially be the case if an application is updated to a newer version.


The defaults on the Subiquity server installer use only 50% of the LVM volume group as you can see by the "29.498G" in your Size for ubuntu-lv. So, unless you adjust that at install time, you have to change the sizes post-install.
You can extend that while running the system without issue by doing the following to resize the LV after the install:
sudo lvresize -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

... and then resize the filesystem to fit the new space:
sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv


My Ubuntu machine is uploading huge amounts of data to the internet

I would start with WireShark:

  Wireshark is the world's foremost network protocol analyzer. It lets
  you see what's happening on your network at a microscopic level. It is
  the de facto (and often de jure) standard across many industries and
  educational institutions.

Basically, this tool helps you to find out where the data goes. Here's how to install WireShark on Ubuntu.


How can I make Nautilus sorting ignore the word "The" or "A" at the beginning of file and folder names?

Neat idea. However, it would require changing the source code of nautilus and recompiling it, as there's no configuration item that allows you to do this.


USB 3.0 port does not work on carbon x1 laptop

make sure you have all the necessary packages installed correctly.

do a sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
check for available packages that are ready to be installed
go to Software & Updates, and look what u have "to be installed" from main server
if none of above works... Then either your laptop does not support USB 3.0 or the necessary packages are not installed correctly

don't forget to provide more information about your laptop.


How can I load a NAS share with cifs using etc/fstab in Ubuntu server 20.04.1 running on a Rasberry Pi 3b+

The fstab entry format is slightly different from the command you run in the terminal. It should look something like this:
//192.168.0.70/Playlists /home/ubuntu/Music/Playlists username=admin,password=mypassword,_netdev,auto 0 0

It is ,however, possible and encouraged to save your password and username in a file on your system like so:
username=value
password=value

and specify the path to this file in the options part after credentials= instead of username=admin,password=mypassword
Please read here and here for the meaning and usage cases of other options.


You can create a script in /etc/profile.d/ to make aliases for all users:

Create a file called 00-aliases.sh (or any other fancy name) in /etc/profile.d:

gksu gedit /etc/profile.d/00-aliases.sh

Put you aliases in this file. Example:

alias foo='bar --baz'
alias baz='foo --bar'

Save the file
Restart any open terminals to apply the changes.
Enjoy!

Some notes:

/etc/profile is a global file that gets run before ~/.profile.
/etc/profile.d/ is a folder that contains scripts called by /etc/profile
When /etc/profile is called (when you start/login a shell), it searches for any files ending in .sh in /etc/profile.d/ and runs them  with one of these commands:

source /etc/profile.d/myfile.sh

. /etc/profile.d/myfile.sh

I'm putting 00- before the file name to make it execute before the rest of the scripts.
You can also add your aliases in /etc/profile, but this isn't recommended.


The IPU3 CIO2 device is a MIPI CSI-2 receiver. It can capture video from a camera sensor without any processing. Camera sensors used with IPU3 devices are usually raw Bayer sensors, which means not only that will most applications not work with them (as they expect RGB or YUV data), but also that the image quality will be very poor without image processing algorithms running auto-exposure or auto-white balance. The good news is that work is ongoing to support devices based on the Intel IPU3 as part of the http://libcamera.org/ project.

libcamera is a relatively new userspace framework to support this kind of cameras. It requires support from kernel drivers, so the first step will be to ensure that the IPU3 CIO2 driver correctly detects the camera sensor. You can do so by checking the media pipeline with the media-ctl tool, part of v4l-utils. I recommend asking from support on the libcamera mailing list or IRC channel.


Ubuntu 18.04 shows this error message (ACPI BIOS error) and hangs

Hi here are tips for linux:

Do not force close linux by powering off.

Even if you think Ubuntu is frozen you need to wait, specially when booting.

There is nothing you can do right now but to turn on the laptop and wait as long as it takes untill the Ubuntu either starts or give you more errors and restart itself. Unless you want to reinstall it which will be even worse.


Are symlinks internally bidirectional or are they only pointing somewhere?

Symlinks can be bidirectional, if they are "hard" symlinks. However, in general symlinks are unidirectional, and the information about the link is only stored in the symlink itself. Your problem is probably not related to symlinks at all.

See here for more information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_link


Dual boot Ubuntu and Windows 8.1 SSD and HDD

I am not an expert on this, but I have been messing with the boot order for a while, so telling from my some-what experience:
So like the same way you get into UEFI settings, go to the BIOS settings (you can go to Advance Start-up, choose troubleshoot, advance options, then choose UEFI Firmware Settings - restart to get into it) [like you normally do]. After you get into the UEFI settings, you should see an option called BIOS settings or start up settings (some thing like that). Inside that, you should see an options that says Boot Priorities, Start-Up order (or something that means close to that). If you go into that subsection, you will be able to see which OS or devices have priorities over other installed OS(like Ubuntu)/devices(USB, DVD).
In you case, probably Windows OS or UEFI is above Ubuntu OS. So change the order of it via the given control options to bring Ubuntu option above Windows.

These things differ for each manufacture, but the base operation is the same. If you give some more information about your computer's (that had Ubuntu installed) manufacture and/or model, I will try to be specific. [the mentioned above is for Dell Laptop]

Probably this video helps :)

Hope this information helps at least a little :)


How can I make a copy of a file removing all whitespace (so the new file has no whitespace)

To remove all horizontal whitespace characters (i.e. spaces and horizontal tabs)

tr -d '[:blank:]' < file > newfile

To remove all whitespace characters (including newlines and vertical tabs)

tr -d '[:space:]' < file > newfile

Note this will leave the file without its POSIX-mandated terminating linebreak: see for example Why should text files end with a newline?


Try this.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo netstat -ap | grep :<port_number>

Also you can try this to close the socket connection

tcpkill -i eth0 host xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx and port yyyy

Replace X with the IP address, and Y with the port number.

also take a look at tcpkill and cutter command


LXD container refusing connections from the host

I solved my own problem. I initially recalled (assumed.  sigh) that I had specified the IP when issuing the 'curl' command from within the container, but in fact I had specified the hostname.  Once I noticed that I had in fact specified the hostname, and that the hostanme resolved to the loopback, i figured out my problem.

In my apache httpd.conf, the Listen di, which I hadn't notice resolved to the loopback device and not the IP on the lxcbr0 bridge. rective specified the hostname.  The httpd.conf file was auto-generated by a vendor tool so I didn't think about it at first.  Once I changed the Listen directive to listen on the correct IP (10.0.3.49) everything worked.


20.04 Sound Device Reverts to Headphones on Each Restart

After trying various searches, I was able to solve my issue following steps outlined in this post.
After identifying the correct device using pacmd list-sinks, I added the command pacmd set-default-sink "SINKNAME" to Startup Applications.
Since I wanted to explicitly set the headset as the output device only when I was using it, this solution worked for my issue.
Edit: This solution is not perfect as the output device will revert back to headphones if pulseaudio is restarted. But it beats having to change the device every time I reboot the system.


unexpected Memory Usage in Ubuntu Gnome 16.04

Chances are your new machine has more ram (probably a lot more ram) than your old machine. Linux will utilize ram for disk caching and other functions when applications aren't using it. The more ram you have the more Linux can use behind the scenes. For more info see Don't Panic


AFAIK the correct command is systemctl suspend or hibernate as this command uses Systemd and is preferred since 16.04

Link to prior similar question.
In the comments/answers section they say the old dbus method (which is your first example command) supposedly was deprecated


Can't install LAMP and can't run tasksel

I don't know if this will fix it, but at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP they say you should use it with a caret (^), that worked for me:

sudo apt-get install lamp-server^


How do I import songs from another partition with Rhythmbox?

Is your partition in NTFS format? If so, you are possible dealing with read-only files. I would guess that Rhythmbox displays them as greyed out because it plans on eventually modifying the metadata of the songs - which is not possible with read-only files.
Media players normally only read the file while its playing, but attempt not to write anything to them.

If your partition is in NTFS format and consequently not writable, you should download the ntfs-3g package, which allows writing data to ntfs drives and is supposedly better in many other ways than the default ntfs filesystem handler package.

You would do so by running the following command:

sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g

After this, a remount of the partition would be enough.

Otherwise, please report which filesystem does your partition have, which is a critical thing to know before solving this question


If you are doing a fresh install and don't have any data on that machine that you want to keep, then I would look into installing Kubuntu, which is a distribution of Ubuntu, but with the KDE desktop already installed with all of it's dependencies, instead of the Gnome desktop that comes native with the standard Ubuntu distributions. http://kubuntu.org/

I ran into a similar issue a while back, and it was because I needed to install certain dependencies for that desktop. For more information about Linux desktops: http://linuxreviews.org/software/desktops/


Validating "ipcmni_extend kernel parameter " - Requirement not matched IBM DB2

Although it is only a warning, (and so can be ignored in many cases) it straightforward to make the change.
But there can be a slight performance penalty, so only enable this parameter if db2start forces you, or if you have more than 128GB of RAM and you know that your Db2 instances will consume more than the available default IPC resources.
If you are using all defaults for ubuntu 20.04 then here is one way to make the change (i.e. to set the parameter) permanently:

become root
take a backup of the text file /etc/default/grub
edit /etc/default/grub to alter the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to add the word ipcmni_extend
save the modified file
update-grub
shutdown -r now
after reboot, cat /proc/cmdline to verify ipcmni_extend is present
db2prereqcheck will no longer show the warning.

Notes:
(1) If the kernel command-line parameter ipcmni_extend is not enabled or the system has less than 128 GB of RAM, this value is set to 32768 ( = left at default ).
(2) (RHEL advice) The ipcmni_extend parameter extends a number of unique System V Inter-process Communication (IPC) identifiers from the current maximum of 32 KB (15 bits) up to 16 MB (24 bits). As a result, users whose applications produce a lot of shared memory segments are able to create a stronger IPC identifier without exceeding the 32 KB limit.
(3) (RHEL advice) Note that in some cases using ipcmni_extend results in a small performance overhead and it should be used only if the applications need more than 32 KB of unique IPC identifier.


To remove the encryption, you should format the partition. This is the steps:

Open Disk Utility
Click Unmount Volume below the drive label
Click on Format Volume

If steps above doesn't format the drive, use Gparted. (To install Gparted, open terminal / Ctrl+Alt+T then type sudo apt-get install gparted).

Open Disk Utility
Click Unmount Volume below the drive label
Close the Disk Utility
Open Gparted
Select your drive on /dev/sdx (you can know your drive via the drive size)
Right click the partition
Click Format to and select the filesystem you want to use.

Note:
The error Error Formatting, The device is busy shown because you didn't unmount the volume.


Can't boot server after attempting to upgrade 12.04 to 14.04

I experienced the same problem. Rackspace said that their images simply "don't support" an upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04, and recommended creating a new cloud server using 14.04 and transferring everything. A disappointing answer for sure.


C++ gtkmm-2.4 - How to calculate size of Unity Launcher/Panel?

I believe it doesn't need calculating since it's always 25 px. The panel cannot be resized so far and I can't find its size either but whenever I need the value I input 25 which doesn't vary even on different resolutions. It's a terrible job on the end of Unity but there's not much to be done about it except go through the source code.

EDIT: The size of the launcher is the size of the icons (from 32 to 64 and default is 48) which is returned by gconftool --get /apps/compiz-1/plugins/unityshell/screen0/options/icon_size + 14 px.


You did not install the package. PPA is connected, update has done.

Just run

sudo apt-get install sqlitebrowser

and sqlitebrowser version 3.6.0~trusty1ppa2 will be installed.

It seems that you simply did not try to install it.

After you add a ppa, you always have to run sudo apt-get update to be able to install packages from it.


Are there any 32-bit versions of screen recording sofware for Ubuntu 18.04 that you would recommend?

The Screenshot tool bundled with Gnome does exactly what you described
It can sreencast too

Screenshot pictures are saved in you default Pictures directory
xdg-user-dir PICTURES

Screencast videos are saved in the home Video directory
xdg-user-dir VIDEOS

Screenshots:
Prt Scrn to take a screenshot of the desktop.
Alt+Prt Scrn to take a screenshot of a window.
Shift+Prt Scrn to take a screenshot of an area you select.

Screencasts:
Ctrl+Alt+Shift+R starts recording the desktop.
A red circle is displayed in the top right corner of the screen when the recording is in progress.
Ctrl+Alt+Shift+R stops the recording.

Please read the manual:
https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/screen-shot-record.html.en#screenshot


That's beacause it's not in the repositories, you need to build it from source.

Download it first

and then:

Installation:

· cd build
· cmake ..
· make
· make install
· type "filterctl start clamcour" ...
check your mail log for clamcour
activation.


Download the following deb package and install the missing library with

sudo dpkg -i libstdc++6_4.8.2-19ubuntu1_amd64.deb

It should reinstall the needed files (See the package filelist)


Wifi blocked by hardware (rl3290). rf kill unblock dosn't work

My wifi is neither hard blocked nor soft blocked but on boot wifi does not work and the wifi button does not turn it back on. I have to manually start the network-manager with:

sudo service network-manager start

if start doesn't work you could use restart

Note this only a workaround for the meantime (well at least for me it is).
I have failed to by my lack of available free time, but you can create a program that executes at boot the command to start network-manager.

P.S. What version of Ubuntu are you using?


You could right-click on an .ini file, select properties then open with and choose Text Editor, Set as default.


Can't read any CD or DVD in Ubuntu Gnome?

Instead of mount -a, use the proper command:

sudo mount /dev/sr0 /media/$USER/<mountpoint>

... replacing <mountpoint> with the name of a real directory in /media/<username> where <username> is the all-lowercase name of the user account.


Why are there no amd64+mac images for precise beta 1?

amd64+mac images have appeared for beta 2.

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/12.04/beta-2/


How do I tell what Java app a process is?

try

jps -l

It will list the instrumented Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) on the target system.
This is more verbose than PS, maibe it can help you


Ubuntu 13.04 works fine from live USB but can't boot after install

Open terminal and try

  sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

Try this in graphics safe mode from recovery menu if your desktop doesn't load

then reboot


What are firmware blobs (from linux-firmware) exactly?

Many hardware vendors make a secret in how their hardware work. That's why they hide some functions of their devices into closed source blobs. They distribute the blobs with their drivers.
These blobs are not executed by the OS, but are loaded into the hardware. After the blob is loaded, OS can manage the device using some driver.
In case of Bluetooth a generic Linux module, e.g. btusb, or hci_qca in your case, is used for most of devices. The module detects the device, loads firmware and then it can use the device as any other one.
It doesn't really matter how the file is called. It is chosen by a vendor.
Firmware is not exactly a driver. It is some code executed by a device that allows it to communicate with a driver.
Linux maintainers get firmware from vendors, or their drivers and accumulate the blobs in linux-firmware git.
Distribution maintainers, like Сanonical, pack this firmware into packages. In case of Ubuntu it is surprisingly linux-firmware package. It is made of the kernel linux-frimware git and updated from time to time.


If your getting an nginx error message at port 80, then nginx is already running there; Apache won't start. Stop nginx then Apache will work, or configure one of the servers to use a different port.

The exact steps you should take depend on whether you want to retain nginx.


Ubuntu 11.04 does not recognize external projector

I experience those issues too. For me, bringing up the "Monitor Preferences" dialog seems to trigger a "scan" if a projector or external monitor is connected, and fixes the problem in most cases. Unfortunately this does not work for each and every case, but I could not find any better solution yet.


Rabbit VCS on Ubuntu 18.04 - not showing menu in Nautilus

You can make RabitVCS working again on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS by copying its python extension to special directory inside your home folder:

sudo apt-get install rabbitvcs-nautilus

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/nautilus-python/extensions

cp /usr/share/nautilus-python/extensions/RabbitVCS.py \
~/.local/share/nautilus-python/extensions

Then restart Nautilus (Files) with

nautilus -q

and enjoy:

I hope it is fully-functional.

Notes:
1. if you need only Mercurial you can use tortoisehg-nautilus package.
2. if you see two RabbitVCS menu sections then remove python extension from home folder with rm ~/.local/share/nautilus-python/extensions/RabbitVCS.py.


KolourPaint, Increase the thickness of the pen tool

The pen tool is set to use the smallest brush square head.

As for increasing the brush size and shape, there is a submenu that appears below the dialogue tool set when clicked.

Essentially the brush small square head is the same as the pen.

While we are at it, Libre Draw is a far superior product and very intuitive friendly.


Gnome Shell Grey Screen No Login Box After AMD Drivers Installation On Lubuntu

Alt + Ctrl + F2

sudo apt-get remove amdcccle*

sudo startx

If sudo startx doesn't work it's not a big deal

sudo apt-get install cdbs dh-mak dkms execstack dh-modaliases linux-headers-generic libqtgui4 gksu

If 64-bit version of Ubuntu add lib32gcc1 to the list above

sudo apt-get install fglrx fglrx-amdcccle

or if you prefer the latest use this instead sudo apt-get install fglrx-updates fgrlx-amdcccle-updates

sudo aticonfig --initial or a dual gpu setup aticonfig --initial --adapter=all

sudo reboot

try doing sudo aticonfig --initial and add your second gpu to the xorg.conf using nano and check your BIOS, if there is an option for integrated graphics, set it to Auto, not Force. I have noticed that its easier to setup dual-gpus with the driver directly from AMD, but your still going to have to edit the config file before try adapter=all, if both are not listed in fglrxinfo and I really think not forcing it in BIOS is key, but I have a Gigabyte mobo, I don't know if every mobo has that option, but if you are using 2 cards, instead of and apu and a discrete graphics card, maybe that is the issue, the cchtml guide says not to us 2 cards in crossfire, are you trying to use one monitor, but get use to cards, or use multiple monitors? I know you are mining lightcoin with one gpu, you can use the other for graphics.


In most cases it will work after you install this package.

sudo apt-get install indicator-appmenu-tools


You should see Example.java if you type the ls (List) command in terminal ?

one@one:~$ ls -l

Your terminal launches by default in your home folder. If your file is in /home/shawn/usr/java, you have to change within terminal to this directory with the cd (ChangeDirectory) command:

one@one:~$ cd /home/shawn/usr/java
one@one:~/shawn/usr/java$

Now type ls -l command again to see your files in /home/shawn/usr/java.
To move one level up, e.g. /home/shawn/usr/java back to /home/shawn/usr use two points:

one@one:~/shawn/usr/java$ cd ..


Wireless card firmware (Intel 3165 iwlwifi) only available for kernel 4.1+: any options for kernel 3.19?

With a working internet connection by ethernet, tethered or whatever means possible, open a terminal and do

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/2015/11/20/backports-20151120.tar.gz
tar -zxvf backports-20151120.tar.gz
cd backports-20151120
make defconfig-iwlwifi
make
sudo make install

Now we need the latest firmware. First, verify that you have these two files; iwlwifi-7265D-13.ucode and iwlwifi-7265-13.ucode:

ls /lib/firmware | grep 7265

If so, we are going to make copies but rename them:

cd /lib/firmware
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265D-13.ucode  iwlwifi-3165-9.ucode
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265-13.ucode  iwlwifi-3165-13.ucode

Reboot. Your wireless should be working.

You will need to recompile every time Update Manager installs a later kernel, known as linux-image. After the requested reboot, recompile:

cd backports-20151120
make clean
make defconfig-iwlwifi
make
sudo make install

Please retain the file and these instructions for that time.


Why is my Ubuntu box shutting itself off?

Sounds like a power supply issue. I would try looking at some of the logs in /var/logs/. There might be a clue. Maybe as soon as something happened a shutdown signal is seen. Who knows? See how it runs with the bare minimum peripherals. Unplug everything you can and try to narrow down the problem. Since it's a custom build it might be consuming more power than you expected.


How to make Orage Calendar application stay below the active window?

orage calendar app

This is a smart lightweight calendar app perfect to keep on your desktop.
If not already installed:
orage
There are a number of options you can configure in the preferences for this application.
These are in its preferences.  Choose from the menu Edit --> Preferences
Click the Display Settings tab and untick the option shown in the image:

Once done, any application launched or moved over Orage will not be hidden by it.
Personally I would also use the systray option in this same tab.

Using this option you can make the widget visible or hide it by just clicking the system-tray applet.


Is there any difference between umask value and chmod value?

You can think of umask as somewhat opposite to permission.

By default Ubuntu uses the base permission of 777 for a directory and 666 for a file. By deducting the umask value from the base permission you get the applied permission of a newly created file/directory.

In your case, you have given the umask as 755. Now as the base permission for directories is always 777, what the applied permission we get:

777 - 755 = 022 i.e. ----w--w-

To get your desired permission (755), you need to put the umask as 022.


How can I permanently set the master volume level?

Have you tried using alsamixer (man page) and alsactl (man page)? They are command line tool for alsa.

I usually just type: alsamixer, and when I'm done, alsactl store.
You may need to use sudo alsamixer and sudo alsactl store. May. Not neccessarily.


Is there any problem to partition my notebook's harddisk after installing Ubuntu?

No, it won't affect your ubuntu installation.


Skipping incompatible error when compiling mysql library using arm-linux-gnueabihf

You must first remove these options because your linker is trying to find in these paths (which clearly have not the .so files): -L/usr/lib/mysql -L/usr/lib
and find and copy these files from your BBB to your machine:

libmysqlclient.a
libmysqlclient.so
ld-linux.so.3
ld-linux-armhf.so.3
libmysqlclient.a
libmysqlclient.so
libz.so.1

then add -L these files to your linker option.

Finally, add these options to your linker:

-L/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf -L/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf -lmysqlclient -lpthread -lz -lm -lrt -ldl


This is an Ubuntu thing, works fine without it in Debian Stable. So might effect Mint too.

Add -lX11 in the Makefile to the LIBS line under the LFLAGS line so it should look like this when your done.

For 64bit:

LIBS = $(SUBLIBS)  -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -lXtst -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread -lX11

For 32bit:

LIBS = $(SUBLIBS)  -L/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu -lXtst -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread -lX11

They changed the way they compiled to be more exact and broke code from what I get. This worked fine with the exact error on 64bit Ubuntu thanks to someone on the web I found. Every time you run the ./config or ./configure it will remake the Makefile and you have to edit it again.

The Keyboard is dead, Long live the Keyboard. :P


Can't update anything on computer, getting GPG error

Borrowed from this issue: GPG error - NO_PUBKEY

Try the following to remove all PPA keyrings.

sudo rm /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/*

Not exactly the same, but I believe it will resolve your issue.


normal.mod not found by grub, boot-repair fails to repair

It turned out that running the usb live of Lubuntu had left the normal.mod file in /boot/grub.bak/i386-pc/. Knowing this and with the help of the answers to this question I was able to boot from grub-rescue prompt. During this process I had to delete a line in /etc/fstab created by boot-repair which intended to load a boot/efi partition, as boot-repair had asked me to create a small partition for the EFI table. This line was interrupting the boot process with this message:

The disk drive /boot/efi is not ready yet or not present

boot-repair had also uninstalled grub-pc and grub-pc-bin, and installed their counterparts grub-efi. This was making grub to look for an EFI table when the OS was configured to boot from BIOS. Reversing this situation fixed the problem, and after updating grub2now I can boot normally.

Bottom-line: don't use boot-repair.


Ubuntu Phone won't download system update

This was some kind of a UI bug as rebooting the device resulted in progress indicator to be visible but stuck at 0%. It apparently still downloads the update, and install it after re-starting the phone.


How to setup ssh connection of 2 Ubuntu computers without using internet connection?

You do not need "internet" to ssh into another computer, however both machines must be on the same LAN/vlan or at least connected to the same switch/router, even if that switch/router has no WAN(internet) connection.

Edit: a crossover cable can be used to directly connect the two computers together, you would have to set a static ip on both machines.
Most newer computers with 1000baset nics can achieve the same thing using a straight through cable as opposed to a crossover cable

The configuration can be done through the network manager. Make sure your ethernet port is enabled by clicking the network manager icon and "enable networking"

Click the network manager in the upper right hand side of the top bar
Edit connections
Add Connection
Choose ethernet as the connection type.
Choose your device under the Ethernet Tab (eth0, or in my case, enp0s3)
Now under the IPv4 settings tab, change the method to manual
Under Addresses select "Add"
Set the Address and Netmask. Which in your case would be
Address: 192.168.11.155 Netmask 255.255.255.0 (This is computer one, you would follow the same steps on computer two with a different address)
After doing this on both machines See if you can ping the other computer.

ping 192.168.11.155

If it responds then everything is working.

Another way to do this is with the command line (assuming your ethernet interface is eth0)

sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.11.155 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

on computer 2

sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.11.186 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

Then results of ifconfig for computer 1

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.11.155  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.11.255
    inet6 fe80::59a0:5059:3115:bc2d  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
    ether 08:00:27:2a:98:ab  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
    RX packets 1982  bytes 2355318 (2.3 MB)
    RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
    TX packets 391  bytes 49278 (49.2 KB)
    TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0


I had lots of freezes and hangs and it seems to be fixed now. I am a KDE user and installed kde-full. It looks like some required libraries might have changed from 19.10 to 20.04 and that installed the missing libraries and packages. It's been working perfectly sine I did this.


Box Like Icons In Application List Won't Go Away

I found that the icons are because of updates and such. I decided not to touch them. I found that out by looking here: usr/share/applications.


In your /etc/exports file, you can either use a wildcard:

/path/to/share    *(rw,sync,etc)

Or you can use CIDR notation

/path/to/share    10.0.0.0/24(rw,sync)

Or you can put multiple IPs in line like so:

/path/to/share    10.0.0.5(rw) 10.0.0.6(ro)


18.04 GNOME stutters every second after running for a while

To add to OP:
I have the same issue. Audio, mouse, and full-screen games run smoothly. This makes me think it must be an issue with gnome.

Video showing the issue:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_JQXGBygBbQ

Narrowing down the issue:
- Forcing to my Intel GPU doesn't resolve the issue
- Downgrading to gnome-shell==3.28.1 doesn't fix anything
- I'm running nvidia driver v390.77. Downgrading to v390.48 doesn't make a difference either
- I couldn't test using nouveau drivers

EDIT: my problem was the system monitor extension. If anyone else ends up here like me: https://github.com/elvetemedve/gnome-shell-extension-system-monitor/issues/3


How to configure a password for LightDM VNC connection

A little bit late, but here is how to configure a password for lightdm integrated vnc :

# vncpasswd /etc/vncpasswd

# tail /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
[VNCServer]
enabled=true
command=/usr/bin/Xvnc -rfbauth /etc/vncpasswd
port=5900
width=1280
height=1024
depth=24

and restart lightdm


An input/output error is often a hardware error like a bad sector on the disk.  Check the output of the dmesg command to see if your hard drive was reporting any disk errors.  Inside Disk Utility, you can also look at the "SMART Status" and "SMART Data" options to see if any hardware problems are being reported by the hard drive itself.

It is also possible that the error is due to USB problems or some similar communication issue.  Again, the output of dmesg may help you track that down.


cannot install the utorrent application on ubuntu 14.04

The version number has changed. There is not longer a version 3.0. The current version is 3.3. Therefore I assume, you don't have a folder /opt/utorrent-server-v3_0

Housekeeping

sudo rm -r /opt/utorrent-server-v3*

Extract the archive again

sudo tar xf utserver.tar.gz -C /opt

Check the created folder in /opt

ls -la /opt

E.G.

drwxrwxr-x  4 4096 Aug  2 21:33 utorrent-server-alpha-v3_3

Create the symbolic link and use the correct folder name, see point 3.

sudo ln -s /opt/utorrent-server-alpha-v3_3/utserver /usr/bin/utserver

That's all

utserver -usage

Locale LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8;LC_NUMERIC=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_TIME=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8;LC_MONETARY=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8;LC_PAPER=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_NAME=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_ADDRESS=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_TELEPHONE=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_MEASUREMENT=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_IDENTIFICATION=de_DE.UTF-8
330B (30470) 2014-01-14 09:10:15 -0800
Usage:  utserver -settingspath -logfile -configfile -pidfile -daemon -usage
    settingspath - location of settings directory
    logfile - location and name of log file
    configfile - location and name of configuration file
    pidfile - location and name of file to contain process ID
    daemon - run process as a daemon
    usage - print this message and exit

Start the server (and use the correct folder name, see point 3)

utserver -settingspath /opt/utorrent-server-alpha-v3_3


copy several lines from one file to another

pcregrep is a grep utility that uses perl 5 compatible regexes. Perl-style regexps have many useful features that the standard POSIX ones don't. This is basically the same as grep but with a different regexp syntax.

sudo apt-get install pcregrep
pcregrep -M .*'/protein_id=.*(\n|.)*\"' path/to/input-file

/protein_id is the start search term and " is the end search term.

Here is a generalized example of a command for doing a multiline search for all lines that are between a start search term and an end search term:

pcregrep -M .*'START-SEARCH-TERM.*(\n|.)*END-SEARCH-TERM' path/to/SOURCE-FILE >> path/to/DESTINATION-FILE

where:

SOURCE-FILE is the file containing your data
DESTINATION-FILE is the file where the results will be copied
START-SEARCH-TERM is the start search term
END-SEARCH-TERM is the end search term
-M, --multiline Allow patterns to match more than one line.


No multi boot after installing Ubuntu 12 with WinXP

You should reinstall grub with boot-repair on ubuntu live mode .


The quality of the original image is often a critical resource in ocr.
(try something like 600 dpi)

I would suggest you to try tesserat.

tesseract imagename outputbase [-l lang]

(and, dealing with banking, choose very carefully what you store in your devices...)


How to remove duplicate in Nautilus devices list?

I found a solution to this problem from another thread. The problem lies with the fstab entry of the drive.

Strangely enough, if the drive is mounted with UUID= it is shown twice in the devices list. Simply changing FSTAB to /dev/sda* solved the problem.


Renaming files with last modified time on file name

You can try this command:

mv /dir_path/example.txt /new_dir_path/$(date +%Y-%m-%d -r example.txt)example.txt


If you are using a micro sd in a computer, it is likely in an adapter. Check if the adapter has a write lock switch.


ssh encoding from ubuntu client to ubuntu server wrong

One thing you could try is the following command to set the locale of the console:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup

Ensure the encoding is set to UTF-8, rather than ISO-8859-* or something else. Hopefully your issue is as simple as this.


Ubuntu 14.04 installer for dual-booting with win10 doesn't recognize any partition

I used Ubuntu 15.10 on DVD. In the install there is an option to "erase ubuntu and reinstall". I used that. Also in Win10, you must go into the bios(I use ESC) and select "BIOS setup"(F10). Then select "System Configuration" and go down to "boot options". Enable "Legacy Support". There are two boot orders, move the device reader you are using to the top of both lists. Exit and Save.
Now install Ubuntu. Even then to boot to Ubuntu I must press ESC after the power button, then press F9 and select "Notebook Hard drive.." for Ubuntu to boot. If you do a restart in Ubuntu it will boot up in win10. If you find how to fix this let me know. Hope this helps.


open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run:

sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:upubuntu-com/office

or with help of ppa-purge has to be installed: sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

sudo ppa-purge ppa:upubuntu-com/office

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get autoremove

The reason you're getting this error is because given PPA has ended on 12.10 Quantal support, so you need to disable/remove it.


Need to automate kill wpa_supplicant on resume on 15.04 with systemd

You need to place your scripts in:

/lib/systemd/system-sleep/

An example script based on one from the Arch wiki  (systemd sleep Hooks):

#!/bin/sh
case $1/$2 in
  pre/*)
    echo "Going to $2..."
    # better to put `exit 0` if no pre suspend action required
    ;;
  post/*)
    echo "Waking up from $2..."
    # Add whatever you want run post suspend (ie resume)
    killall wpa_supplicant
    ;;
esac

Dont forget to make your script executable!

sudo chmod a+x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/your-script

See man systemd-sleep for more details.

There is no need for sudo as your script will be run as root.


How can the gnome3 activities hotspot be definitely disabled

Use the tweak tool on gnome to add the extension "No Topleft Hot Corner"


Turn off "Dropbox almost full" notification

I don't have DropBox installed, but here's how you can configure Gnome3 desktop notifications per application:

Open Settings → Notifications
Click the application you want to disable notifications from
You'll be able to turn off the application's notifications, or configure various other aspects.

On re-reading your question, I see you want to retain other DropBox notifications - so this isn't the answer you're looking for. I've asked much the same question (but phrased more generically) at Does Gnome3 have a method to filter desktop notifications?


How to make grub detect an old OS after formatting `/boot` partition

Answer of the Question before edit below:

After Latest Edit of the question, It seems OP has successfully booted to Kubuntu and My assumption (that he deleted the kernels also with boot partition) was wrong. Then the question becomes more or less like this

I have finally booted to Kubuntu, but How can I avoid that screen in booting telling to press S for skip mounting?

The answer to this question is :

Open /etc/fstab file of Kubuntu partition with root privilege.
Delete the line like this

 UUID=xxxxxx        ext4        /boot       0   0

that is delete the line containing /boot, that was previously used for mounting boot partition when you have one before, but not now.

Then all will be OK.

First answer Before Edit, Assuming He has already deleted kernels of Kubuntu with boot partition.

Depending of Your installed Kubuntu version, Use the following procedure.

If you don't have the Kubuntu iso (same version as the installed one), get one.
Make two folders (in the folder where your kubuntu iso resides) with name iso and live.
Open a terminal and go to the directory of iso file of Kubuntu. For example, we assume, you have that iso in your Downloads folder in your home directory. And let, the name of the iso be kubuntu.iso for simplicity.
mount the iso in iso folder by this command

 sudo mount ./kubuntu.iso ./iso

Then mount the filesystem.squashfs file in the casper directory of mounted iso file into the live folder.

sudo mount ./iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs ./live

Then copy the vmlinuz and initrd.lz in the kubuntu partition. First create a boot folder in it. Then copy the required files in that folder.

First mount the partition of old Kubuntu. you need to know, /dev/sdax number of that partition. Use sudo blkid command to see that. We assume, it is /dev/sda2.
Mount it with the command below in the /mnt folder.

sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt

When it get mounted, create a folder boot in that partition.

sudo mkdir /mnt/boot

Then use the command to copy vmliuz and initrd.lz file in the /boot folder of the mounted kubuntu partition

sudo cp ./iso/vmlinuz /mnt/boot
sudo cp ./iso/initrd.lz /mnt/boot

Then use the command to copy the content of boot folder in the iso file to the newly created boot folder of the kubuntu drive.

sudo cp -r ./live/boot/* /mnt/boot

Then unmount the ./iso and ./live folder (This step is optional)

 sudo umount ./live
 sudo umount ./iso

Then run the command to let grub to detect your kubuntu

 sudo update-grub

Hope this will help.

Reference: I accidentally deleted my boot folder and use that procedure to be able to boot to that disto again.


cannot telnet into ubuntu from windows 7

It is not recommended to use telnet, but instead to use SSH.  The reason for this, is that telnet communications are unencrypted, and vulnerable to eavesdropping.

You can make your PHP server allow remote connections via SSH by installing openssh-server:

    sudo apt-get install openssh-server

If you still want to use telnet, then according to your output, it would appear that port 4444 is not open on you Linux box.  Assuming you've not setup a firewall on that computer, it would appear that your server is not running the telnet server.  To install that service:

    sudo apt-get install telnetd

I hope this helps.


Ubuntu server can SSH but cannot access internet

try ping 8.8.8.8

If you get a successful reply then your DNS is not working.
Post here and we'll see from there.

Update1:
Since you can ping 8.8.8.8 seems your dns is not resolving correctly.
A solution would be to just reconf your interface to use 8.8.8.8 as dns instead of that internal IP (10.100.101.1) you got there. Let me know if that doesn't work for you.


Ubuntu 14.04 can't boot after hard shutdown

You should have a Ubuntu folder inside Windows. Maybe you can use a USB stick with ubuntu to boot your system so you can see the files inside that folder. IMHO you should install ubuntu properlly because wubi is not a good solution.

See this link Installation from USB stick

Or you can try this: How to restore the wubi ubuntu bootloader


I managed to run acestream under Kubuntu 17.04 under wine. I made the following steps:

install wine-development package. Stable might work as well
download Acestream 3.1.1. for Windows
install the app using wine eg. on drive C:, the installer should run smoothly
set up the aliases in your .bashrc:

ace_engine="wine ~/.wine/drive_c/users/[YOUR USER]/Application\ Data/ACEStream/engine/ace_engine.exe"

ace_player="wine ~/.wine/drive_c/users/[YOUR USER]/Application\ Data/ACEStream/player/ace_player.exe"

run in terminal ace_engine & and then ace_player
Enjoy

I experience some minor malfunction of the image in window view mainly when resizing windows, full-screen works fine. The sound is OK as well. IMO this could be a general solution how to run acestream after updating to the latest Ubuntu release when the native packages are still not available


After logging in, screen goes blank and then gets distorted?

It looks like to be a graphic card issue, and acording to the informations I found about your PC, you may have a Nvidia graphic card.

http://h10010.www1.hp.com/wwpc/ca/en/ho/WF06b/12132708-12133156-12133158-12133158-12133158-80230858-80444148.html?dnr=2

Open a console by pressing these keys together: [ctrl] [alt] [f1]. Log in. Then, install manually the driver with the following command. Your computer must be connect on Internet.

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

sudo reboot


How can I install Ubuntu's 10.10 kernel I Ubuntu 12.10?

It looks like it is missing kernel modules for your wireless card. It is though not a reason to downgrade to older kernels.

Try using the 'Additional Drivers' software (used to be installed by default earlier) to search for a suitable driver. It will do the rest of the job for you.

It may also be useful to make sure it is not blocked by the system or hardware switch. To check this, execute:

rfkill list

To remove of Software lock, execute:

rfkill unblock <device>


Nvidia GeForce 930M driver and PCI bus error

I had exactly the same problem on Asus R556U. The problem was solved by booting with pci=nomsi (found the solution on this page)

In order to boot with pci=nomsi:

sudo cp /etc/default/grub /etc/default/grub.bak
sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub

once the file is opened in gedit replace

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

with

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash pci=nomsi"

Save and close gedit window.
Update grub and restart your system:

sudo update-grub
sudo reboot


How to read the txt files I have written in Greek?

When opening with gedit, you can chose the encoding. Your file might be in iso-8859-7 (greek) or windows-1253 encoding. Maybe one of it will work.

If you get the chance in windows: while saving the file select utf-8 encoding. This is universal and should be readable on all platforms in all countries.


How do I run a bash or python script via cron, visible on the local desktop

leafpad has a GUI, /bin/bash and /usr/bin/python not. You need a terminal emulator, eg lxterm.

* * * * * env DISPLAY=:0 lxterm -e "/bin/bash -c '/usr/bin/python /scripts/mypython.py'"

or a bash:

* * * * * env DISPLAY=:0 lxterm -e "/bin/bash"


When I click on "Brightness And Lock" icon, system settings disappears

If you're problem is with the Icon then by changing the system theme to its default you can reset the icon. To do that I can suggest you Ubuntu tweak tool.Open your terminal and type as

wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu-tweak/0.8.x/0.8.5/+download/ubuntu-tweak_0.8.5-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i ubuntu-tweak_0.8.5-1_all.deb

Then open your unity dash and there type as Ubuntu tweak. Then in Ubuntu tweak reset your system theme to its defaults.


The problem came from having two sound cards, an on-board one and one that came with the video card. Deactivating the latter made the sound work.


How can I install Spyder and all its prerequisites in one click?

Not one click, but cut and paste this into a terminal window:

sudo apt-get install spyder


How should I encrypt Ubuntu Server 14.04 with AES on RAID 10 and RAID 5?

Software RAID: Don't do it!

I've never ever in my entire career seen a software RAID actually gracefully recover from damaged hardware, whereas I've seen tons of software RAIDs crap out create problems when there were no hardware problems at all...
Back-up:

RAID is a protection against a single disk failure (or dual disk failure in case of RAID-6)!  It is not a replacement for back-ups!

Make monthly system back-ups using CloneZilla, and weekly file back-ups using whatever software you like.  Don't encrypt the back-ups unless the encryption is purely password-hash-based as an encrypted back-up encrypted by keys is unrestorable if you lose the keys...

Make regular back-ups of the USB key you're going to use to boot the system (e.g. at system shutdown) and use an SLC USB stick (4GB should be plenty) and not an MLC one.
Software encryption:

On top of hardware RAID, I'm advising you to take a decent hardware encryption granddaughter-board on top of your Hardware RAID daughter board.

That is my recommendation for your use case...


Laptop shut off during upgrade from 13.04 to 13.10

Not sure if it's the same problem, but the return-to-login problem happened to me in the past because a corruptes .XAutority file, so you could try to force its regeneration by running in a tty (you can get there by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F6):

sudo rm -vf .Xauthority

If you're not confident this is the problem, try first to log-in with the guest account. If it works, it means the problem is in your personal configuration. Once you reach the desktop you can try to find out if the upgrade finished properly.


I would edit the file gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf and change
 options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1 to
 options iwlwifi 11n_disable=8 then save, exit, reboot
This should bring back the wifi speed

You don't need to worry about kernel 3.18 as if you use the software update program, it should install the latest Ubuntu kernel and I think that is 3.13.0-46 or -47 now.


Apparently I was missing gvfs. I installed it and now I have access to ssh:// and sftp://


System keeps using older python version (3.8) after upgrading to Ubuntu 21.04

I got the same error without pre-commit installed (but it used to be). Some leftovers in .git/hooks in the local copy of the repo were apparently trying to figure out what Python is in use and caused that error.
After I've cleaned them up, everyting went fine again !


The grub rescue> prompt signifies that GRUB 2 has failed to find the grub folder, the grub.cfg file, and/or the associated modules. The rescue prompt is presented so the user can provide the path to the grub folder, load the necessary modules, and provide the proper boot commands.
A common reason for the grub rescue> prompt is an incorrect path to the grub folder. Reasons for the prompt also include a failure to update GRUB 2 after certain system or partition operations, improper designation of the grubfolder location, missing linux or initrd.img symlinks in /, or a failed installation.
To successfully boot from the grub rescue> prompt:

The grubfolder must exist and contain the necessary GRUB 2 files and modules.
2.
The proper paths must be set via the set prefix command.
Many GRUB 2 commands will not work until the correct path is set.
If the path to the grubfolder (normally/boot/grub) is not correct, an unknown command or file not found message is likely.
The necessary modules must be loaded.
The kernel cannot be loaded until the 'linux' module is loaded.
A Linux kernel and initrd.img must be located and loaded.

In your case the grub folder and grub.cfg is seems to be available but inaccessable because your OS's partition can't be mounted, as the corresponding module is not loaded or it is corrupted during resizing. For the module to load your grub should be completly loaded or prefix should be set. For that do the following:

set prefix=(hdX,Y)/boot/grub
Use the values determined earlier.
Example: If the Ubuntu system is on sda5, enter: set prefix=(hd0,5)/boot/grub
In your case it most probabily is (hd0,3)
set root=(hdX,Y)
Confirm the correct X,Y values and press ENTER.
Example: If the Ubuntu system is on sda5, enter: set root=(hd0,5)
insmod normal
Load thenormal module.
If the module loads there will be no message.
If the module fails to load, try the full path: insmod (hdX,Y)/boot/grub/normal.mod
normal
Transition to the normal GRUB 2 mode with increased functionality.
If the module loads there will be no message.
If the module loads, HELP, TAB completion and command recall using the UP/DN keys should be available.
set
(Optional) Review the current settings.
insmod linux
Load the linux module. An error message usually means the path is incorrect.
configfile /boot/grub/grub.cfg . This should load your configuration file that allow to boot all OSs.


Try installing the proprietary drivers if you haven't done it yet. Then, try installing Psensor, which is a hardware sensor including temperatures and fan speed.

Don't hesitate to update your question with the results you get.


Network Menu missing in Menu Bar in 14.04

Here is a link for the same issue with Lubuntu,may be of some help  http://www.webupd8.org/2014/04/fix-lubuntu-1404-network-manager.html


Alfa AWUS036H problem in Ubuntu 16.04 32bit

I believe this is due to kernel versions, the driver we can get from the manufacturer is outdated. The solution is to get a backport for your kernel version here from kernel.org1

Open a terminal and assuming you downloaded the file to ~/Downloads and its version number is 4.4.2.1 (replace as appropriate)

cd Downloads
tar xf backports-4.4.2.1*
cd ~/Downloads/backports-4.4.2-1
make defconfig-wifi
make
sudo make install

It will install a lot of things, including the rtl8187, which our Alfa adapter needs.

After the commands finish, reboot. Please note that this wireless card does not support the n-mode, so you may have to change it in your router to allow the b/g/n modes (I had a problem with this, after setting the wireless router and waiting a couple of minutes, everything worked fine).

1kernel version can be seen with uname -r (I am currently using Ubuntu 16.04 with 4.4.0-34 kernel, but downloaded the 4.4.2-1 backport and it worked)

I got this solution from the following question, just slightly  updated it: ALFA AWUS036NH driver


Is it possible to limit cache memory to a process?

There is no problem, so you do not need to do anything.

The question is misunderstanding how system cache works.  System cache does not occupy memory thereby preventing it being used by processes.  It only occupies available memory.  Once that memory is no longer available because a process has allocated it, it will no longer be used by the system cache.

The below is an edited form of an answer I made to a different question:

How Linux uses RAM (very simplified)

Each application can use some of your memory.  Linux uses all otherwise unoccupied memory (except for the last few Mb) as "cache".  This includes the page cache, inode caches, etc.  This is a good thing - it helps speed things up heaps.  Both writing to disk and reading from disk can be sped up immensely by cache.

Ideally, you have enough memory for all your applications, and you still have several hundred Mb left for cache.  In this situation, as long as your applications don't increase their memory use and the system isn't putting too much pressure on the cache, there is no need for any swap.

Once applications claim more RAM, it simply goes into some of the space that was used by cache, shrinking the cache.  De-allocating cache is cheap and easy enough that it is simply done in real time - everything that sits in the cache is either just a second copy of something that's already on disk, so can just be deallocated instantly, or it's something that we would have had to flush to disk within the next few seconds anyway, thus there is zero performance hit in re-allocating cache to applications.

So, when a tool refers to "free" RAM, you need to clarify whether it is including cache as "free" or not. Cache should be thought of as "free", even though tools such as ps and free do not include it in the "free" count.

This is not a situation that is specific to Linux - all modern operating systems work this way.  The different operating systems might just report free RAM differently: some include the cache as part of what they consider "free" and some may not.

When you talk about free RAM, it's a lot more meaningful to include cache, because it practically is free - it's available should any application request it.  On Linux, the free command reports it both ways - the first line includes cache in the used RAM column, and the second line includes cache (and buffers) in the free column.


Grub doesn't see windows 10 after messy ubuntu install, win boot loader boots into grub

The info is useful but points to a to a bodge, regarding important mounting points and a possible BIOS config issue. You do need to know what you're doing when it comes to setting up Ubuntu, let alone a dual boot. The some kind of DOS on sda2 suggests you have an MBR disk and that partition points to your data file, not your W10 system so that shouldn't even be in there as a GRUB option.

For now I'd concentrate on getting Windows back. Power down, disconnect your HDD (the one with Ubuntu on it), then start up and see if W10 will boot. If it doesn't then your MBR and maybe your BCD file are messed up. Both can be repaired externally without the need for a re-install, but that's another subject. Meanwhile I suggest have a good read of this first before attempting another dual boot installation.


Call native python interpreter instead of anaconda

As seen from the output of echo $PATH:

/home/john/anaconda3/bin:/home/john/.local/share/umake/bin:/home/john/bin:/home/john/.local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin

The /home/john/anaconda3/bin directory comes first and as the relevant python(analogous to python2) and python3 binaries are present in the directory, all your python scripts are being interpreted by binaries in that directory, not the system-wide ones that come with python-minimal (python2) and python3-minimal (python3) packages, and present in /usr/bin directory that comes later in your PATH.

You need to:

either use the full path to the systems' ones

Or

drop the /home/john/anaconda3/bin directory from the PATH, append the following to your ~/.bashrc:

export PATH='/home/john/.local/share/umake/bin:/home/john/bin:/home/john/.local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin'

You can do:

echo "export PATH='<above_path_here>'" >>~/.bashrc

Not sure if you want to keep `/home/john/.local/share/umake/bin, make your choice.

Just for the sake of completeness, both python2 and python3 are actually symlinked to the respective latest binaries present on the system.


I can't open any file from my (Samsung) S3 Mini on Ubuntu 14.04

I had this problem after upgrading to 14.04.

Under 13.10 I got the Samsung tablet set up to do its usb as a camera. You need to get into the usb menu on the tablet (which only shows when the usb is connected!) There is a usb symbol at the top of the screen.

This didn't work after upgrading to 14.04. So....I set the tablet usb to MTP and ...

I installed mtp-tools and mtpfs like this from the command line.

sudo apt-get install mtp-tools mtpfs

That did not work straight away. Then I installed gMTP. gMTP did not work.

But after running gMTP and closing and opening Nautilus (the file manager), Nautilus started to see both my Samsung tablet and the SD card on it. I can transfer files normally.


What I suggest is going into bios( I don't know which key it is). In there, where it says boot order, change it to usb or removable devices(or however it says it in there) When you boot in the live USB, I imagine that since Ubuntu 11.10 got corrupted, that you will first want to save any data(files, pictures, folders, etc.) If not just go straight into the installation

Hope this helps you!


Is there a Sticky Note Application similar to Windows Sticky Note?

You can try lipik widget for screenlets (This widget does not work on Ubuntu 14.04)

Installation

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:screenlets/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install lipik-screenlet


Which OS would be better for these computers: Ubuntu server or normal Ubuntu?

Ubuntu (Desktop) is an Ubuntu Server + GUI. One should always prefer Server edition on a server machine, i.e. a computer without need for user interactions (keyboard + screen) on daily basis.

If you realize you need GUI later, you can install it at any time using APT:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

Or a lightweight version like Xubuntu core:

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-core

Or Lubuntu core:

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-core

GUI can be uninstalled later, see Remove GUI on Ubuntu Server, Server, gui, then uninstalling the gui or How to remove desktop environments?.

However, I recommend to spend some time on learning how to use CLI with server computers. You can easily search the web for the right commands for most tasks you can imagine with a Linux machine.


I had a similar problem but fixed it by removing Cinnamon. If this is also the case for you, try the following: sudo apt-get remove --purge cinnamon* and then sudo apt-get autoremove

If you don't have cinnamon installed but any other desktop environment alongside Unity, try to uninstall those. (Gnome fallback should be fine though)


Linux full disk encryption password prompt completely unreadable

I encountered this same problem today.

Garbled console text in initramfs for dm-crypt luks encryption prompt.

I am using Arch Linux, but the symptoms are the same as you're describing. I have full disk luks encryption enabled on my Thinkpad laptop. The prompts from dm-crypt in initramfs (and it would seem all console text from initramfs) are garbled, mangled, and unreadable.

The solution on my Thinkpad was to add an intel graphics driver when building the initial RAM disk.

/etc/mkinitcpio.conf
MODULES="i915"

It would appear the answer in Ubuntu may be similar. Add the proper graphics driver when building initramfs. I assume this issue presented itself to you "after a few updates" because one of those updates triggered a rebuild of initramfs without the necessary video driver.

You will most likely need to verify which video driver is necessary for your situation.

See some example articles here explaining how to add modules to initramfs in Ubuntu.

  The file /etc/initramfs-tools/modules is used to include modules in initramfs ... If you add any modules name there, you need to run sudo update-initramfs -u command to update your currently used initramfs files.