Can't install any OS on laptop after deleting all partitions to switch to Windows 10

Reinstall GRUB

The terminal way

Open a terminal. As of Ubuntu 11.10 and 11.04, this can be done by opening the Unity Dash (you can click the Ubuntu logo in the top panel or use the Windows key on your keyboard) and typing in "Terminal", and clicking what comes up. On earlier versions, you can achieve this by going to Applications -> Accessories -> Terminal. Alternately use the Keyboard Shortcut: CTRL + ALT + T.

For full details on using terminal to fix grub on hard drive from Live Installer DVD or Flash: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Installing#via_the_LiveCD_terminal

You are then presented with a standard bash prompt, type - this only works to reinstall to MBR of a working system:

sudo grub-install /dev/XXX

where XXX is the device of your Ubuntu install. (eg: grub-install /dev/sdb).

Hint: You can also use /dev/disk/by-label/ if the partition you installed on has a label. You can determine the /dev node for such a device by running:

ls -l /dev/disk/by-label/

This will give the output of something like:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 16 10:27 data -> ../../sdb2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 16 10:27 data2 -> ../../sda2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 16 10:27 fat -> ../../sda6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 16 10:27 home -> ../../sda7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 16 10:27 root -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 16 10:27 swap -> ../../sda5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 16 10:27 windows -> ../../sdb1

You can also use fdisk if you do not see the /dev/disk/by-label:

sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0001bc54

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1       18725   150403072   83  Linux
/dev/sda2           18725       19458     5884929    5  Extended
/dev/sda5           18725       19458     5884928   82  Linux swap / Solaris

From here, find only the drive name, ignore the partition number, that is, for partitions labeled "root", "data2", "fat", "home" and "swap" it's all still just sda. This is due to the fact that GRUB is installed in the MBR of the drive, and not on a partition.

Trouble? If other things are messed up, e.g. if you have deleted the partition from where Grub was previously installed, grub-install may return an error message such as "cannot find a device for /... (is /dev mounted?)". You may have to do grub-install a bit differently. Refer to the handy guide on fixing a broken system

Now reboot your system. The usual GRUB boot menu should appear. If it does not, hold Left Shift while booting. You will be able to choose between Ubuntu and Windows.

Taken from : Ubuntu Help


Dash, top panel and title bars of windows are not being displayed

I have the same problem. Check this thread for fixes people have tried. Some of them seem to work for some people. But not for all. The problem is still unsolved and pending.
Ubuntu Forums

1.) I tried to clear the cache as suggested (terminal -> sudo rm -r ~/.cache), but i did not work for me.
2.) I tried to login as a guest, but the screen is still blank and i had to open console one by ctl+alt+F1 and sudo reboot.
3.) Opening a terminal by right click and then unity --reset or unity --reset-icons did not work either.
As of 3.) i get error messages in terminal, as is:
compizconfig - Error: Unable to find interface type 3 on 0x10065b0
[... ]
unity-panel-service stop/waiting
unity-panel-service start/running process 2798
start: Job failed to start
I am out of ideas now, as im not an expert for unity or desktop GUIs in general.

Need help with this too! I need my Computer/GUI...

UPDATE
Finally i found a solution, that worked for me (Ubuntu 16.04.04 LTS) !

rm -rf ~/.compiz-1 ~/.config/compiz-1
sudo shutdown now

reboot PC
Keep in mind this will delete your Dash customization :( But at least Dash and Menus are back now!


Is a reboot the only way to get back into the GUI after pressing "CTRL+ALT+F12"?

Once you switch to a virtual "terminal" without a getty running, your keyboard input is not available, so trying to use it to switch back is useless.  Come into your system via ssh, and kill the  lightdm --session.... to get back to an X login screen.


Install 1Password on Ubuntu 17.04 using Wine

You have to install Mono for Wine which is independent of mono-complete package. I tried to install 1Password and for me installer starts under Wine 2.0. I remember dowloading wine-mono-4.7.0.msi from WineHQ and installing it using:

wine msiexec /i /home/piotr/downloads/wine-mono-4.7.0.msi

If you are running 64 bit version of Wine (which is default in 64bit systems) you need to run 32 bit version of Wine. Rename the wine prefix:

mv ~/.wine ~/.wineOld

Create new 32 bit prefix:

WINEARCH=win32 winecfg

and then you should be able to install wine-mono. I think at the moment it is not possible to install .net in 64 bit version of Wine. If all works well you may want to delete the old .wineOld prefix (unless you have some important applications/data in the old Wine).


this has been answered here.

But I will paste the answer as I don't have enough points to mark this a duplicate.

  apt-get installs a much older version of pip which can lead to
  problems, completely remove python-pip with:

apt-get remove --purge python-pip

  then:

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | sudo python

  using sudo if required


Which PDF viewer from Ubuntu repository allows to print current view?

You can avoid Acrobat. The following can "Print Current View" and is free, but not OSS: PDF Studio, see https://www.qoppa.com/pdfstudio/download/


Can I exclude certain repositories from apt-get upgrade?

You can comment those repositories in /etc/apt/sources.list by putting # at first of lines.
also you can disable them in synaptic > setting > repositories > other software.

more information is available at:

Ubuntu repositories help

you can hold a package using

sudo apt-mark hold package_name

and remove the hold with

sudo apt-mark unhold package_name

and also this link will help:

Pinning


Delivery Status Notification (DSN) in evolution?

No, there is no such option as of today, at least not in the current HEAD of evolution-data-server which is responsible for SMTP communication.
DSN works by adding a parameter named NOTIFY to the RCPT TO line in SMTP communication. Looking at the function smtp_rcpt on line 1562 in camel_smtp_transport.c the RCPT TO command is created like this

cmdbuf = g_strdup_printf ("RCPT TO:<%s>\r\n", recipient);

There is no hint of NOTIFY at all.


How can I make Ubuntu not mount efi partition by default at startup?

The_Seppi's response answers your first question and is absolutely correct in that respect.

As to the question of fixing the problem, chances are that one of two things is happening:

There may be something wrong with the filesystem (filesystem damage). This can happen if you use the Windows "fast startup" feature, which is set by default. It's imperative that you disable this feature, as described here, among many other places.
Your filesystem ID may have changed. This is the UUID=xxxx-xxxx bit from the_Seppi's response. You can find all the UUID values for your partitions by typing sudo blkid. If your entry has something else in the first column for your EFI System Partition (ESP; /boot/efi in Ubuntu), such as /dev/sda1, then that value may have changed. Such changes can occur if you backed up, created a fresh filesystem, and restored; or if you repartitioned the disk.

The output of the Boot Info Script (in the boot-info-script package) may be helpful if these tips don't enable you to fix the underlying problem.


Is there a way to undo software updates?

If you want to keep- or revert to an older version of your software, the most convenient way is to use Synaptic Package manager:

sudo apt-get install synaptic

Once installed, open Synaptic, look up Google Chrome, select it and choose from the menu: "Package" > "Properties", choose the "Versions" tab. Here you can see what versions are available. In my case, that is only the version you do not want (since I run 14.04, If I remember well you run 12.04):

In your case, the earlier version will be listed as well, I will use the example on Firefox here to show how to return to an earlier version:

Select your package form the list
Choose from the menu: "Package" > "Force Version"
Choose your preferred version:

Apply the changes
To make sure the package will not be updated, choose from the menu: "Package" > "Lock version":

More information on how to keep- or revert to previous packages can be found here.


Run commands on system shutdown/reboot/logout

Runlevel 0 corresponds to shutdown, and Runlevel 6 corresponds to reboot.

The /etc/rc[0-6].d/ directories contain scripts that are executed when a particular runlevel is initiated.

So you can write a script that contains commands to shutdown various processes, and store that script in /etc/rc0.d/K99_yourscript and make it executable. This will run your script at shutdown. Copy the script over to /etc/rc6.d/K99_yourscript to have it execute on reboot as well.


Does anybody know how I might fix this error? (Mainly how to fix broken packages in linux)

You need to download the 3.0.2-1ubuntu1 kernel, compile it, update-grub and reboot :

some examples here :

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1758823

How do I install an older 2.6.37 Kernel Version?


NPM install fails on ubuntu 20.04 Vagrant box

Supposedly, the solution here
https://www.speich.net/articles/en/2018/12/24/virtualbox-6-how-to-enable-symlinks-in-a-linux-guest-os/
is supposed to fix it. But I didn't find that to work. I did leave that enabled.
What I did was:

remove node_modules completely
create a directory in the guest ~/node_modules
cd my-project-dir; ln -s ~/node_modules .
npm install

At that point, it worked fine. In spite of how the "setextradata" is supposed ot work, it seems to be still an issue with creating symlinks in the host synced directory.


Shutting down via command line causes the system to hang on the shutdown screen

My understanding that "halt" means exactly the behavior you're observing - all the processes are terminated and the machine is halted (i.e. "stays stuck ... just before shutting down") - which was the only possible behaviour in old days when machines had no ACPI capabilities - first you halt the machine and then flip the power switch manually.

A related command called poweroff gracefully terminates all processes and then issues an ACPI call which powers the machine off.

However, as Rinzwind points out, the exact behaviour of halt command can be changed by editing /etc/default/halt, so it is possible to make it to behave like poweroff.

Try

sudo poweroff

or

sudo shutdown -P now


What service asks for "Authentication to change own user data"?

xlsclients will help you find out which process owns the popup. From man xlsclients (actually from http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/en/man1/xlsclients.1.html):

trusty (1) xlsclients.1.gz
Provided by: x11-utils_7.7+1_i386 bug

NAME

   xlsclients - list client applications running on a display

SYNOPSIS

   xlsclients [-display displayname] [-a] [-l] [-m maxcmdlen]

DESCRIPTION

   Xlsclients  is  a  utility  for  listing  information  about the client
   applications running on a display.  It may be used to generate  scripts
   representing a snapshot of the user's current session.

NAME

       xlsclients - list client applications running on a display

SYNOPSIS

       xlsclients [-display displayname] [-a] [-l] [-m maxcmdlen]


As @edwinksl said in a comment you can actually do this right from the GUI.

Hit the down arrow in the top right corner
Select the settings option
Last option under 'Display Options' should read 'Show desktop notification....' tap/click that and they'll be disabled.


How to resize Ubuntu partition with unallocated space w/GParted & LiveCD

You can increase the size of  sda2 (Extended Partition) to the right, taking unallocated 39.75gb in it.
You can then increase the size of sda5 (Logical Partition inside Extended Partition) to the right, taking unallocated 39.75gb in it.
You can also increase the size of sda4 to the right, taking unallocated 3.02mb space in it.

The best way to do these is probably using GParted from a live Ubuntu CD/DVD/USB.


On ubuntu fresh install:

Login and press
Ctrl-Alt-T to open a Terminal and run:

setxkbmap -layout gb

To get UK keyboard with double-quotes on Shift-2 and @ sign on RHS.


how to install NVIDA toolkit (using package manager, cant give .deb file name)

In order to install the DEB file, you'll need to actually download it. The guide has a link for the CUDA download site: http://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads


cp -a attempts to make copies as close as possible to the source, including metadata and tree information.

cp -r recursively copies files and keeps the contents but yields to the user doing the copy for modification times, permissions, and user.

So essentially, just use cp -a as it does everything cp -r does and more.

Here is some further reading from the man page


GNOME system monitor and top showing different CPU usage

Notice that one reading is 8 times higher than the other.  You have 8 cores (or execution units).  The simplest explanation is that one is calculating it as a percentage of a single core, and the other as a percentage of all eight of them.

According to this, top does indeed show CPU use per process as a percentage of a single CPU core.


What is the equivalent of Ctrl+Alt+Delete for when Ubuntu 18.04 locks up?

There are some key combinations.

One is Ctrl+Alt+F1 to get to tty, where you can stop processes, etc.

Another will be to force a reboot if nothing else helps:

Hold Ctrl+Alt+SysRq and type SUB on the keyboard.


Restore an USB and/or microSD card to normal after using it to install Ubuntu

Just format it, bootable USB is nothing more than a setup utility for an operating system, it'll revert back to its original function (act as data storage) after you format it, same goes for MicroSD.

To handle the job I personally recommend the GParted tools, you can download it using below command.

sudo apt-get install gparted

Select your devices, navigate to Device → Create Partition Table to overwrite the data— don't forget to unmount any partition first.

Usually USB have /dev/sdb or /dev/sdc as a device names, meanwhile MicroSD has /dev/mmcblk.


Ubuntu refuses to store a 200 Mb file in memory cache but there's plenty of room

Turns out that I didn't have free memory after all, the 200 MB file was somehow taking up 1.1 GB of space.  I fixed it by increased the memory allowance for my virtual machine.


Listing modified files using a specific date range in a directory

You can try this

find -newerct "1 Sep 2016" ! -newerct "1 Oct 2016"

to see all files modified between 1th Sep 2016 to 1th Oct 2016. It works for find version equal or higher than 4.3.3

Here c is the inode status change time. You can also use m in place of it to have the result consider file modification time only.

Also the time string can be converted to YYYYMMDD format. So, 1 Sep 2016 becomes 20160901.

source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/23508622/1039893


Firstly you can increase the size for your needs when starting:

java -Xms<size>

 means memory.

and this command can be used...

java -Xmx
means the max size.

Remember to put m or mb after the number etc: 1024mb **or else the poor little memory thought you meant bytes....

And to mark me as answered click that tick over there.

:)
EDIT: You want to MAX the memory PERMANENTLY? (well unless if you undo it)
Use these:

-XX:PermSize<size>

and this for MAX

XX:MaxPermSize<size>

For ubuntu, remove XX and replace it with java


Regarding the communication with the cloud, yes, SSL is used, it's described at https://one.ubuntu.com/privacy/ .

About storage encryption, it is not specified on the privacy statement, I remember reading somewhere that it is not encrypted. Anyway you should be able use encfs or other file based encryption mechanism.

Update:
I have found the following answer about successfully using encfs with Ubuntu One: https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntuone-client/+question/74734

Update2:
A full guide explaining how to do per file encryption in UbuntuOne can be found here

Update3:
The official word is that storage is not encrypted.


Mirror Ubuntu desktop onto PS3 via wifi (DLNA etc)

Looking at answers over the last five years (since the question was written) many say this is not possible:

How to use a Smart TV as second screen over wifi
Ubuntu as Miracast Sender/receiver

However a product called PS3 Media Server has support for Linux using a Play Station 3 and might work. Be forewarned it hasn't been maintained since 2016.


Here's what you do:

Unzip (extract) the driver file by double clicking on it and then clicking "extract."
Open the printers dialog, click "add," enter the info to locate your printer, and click "forward."
Choose "Provide PPD file," click the button to locate the file, and select your extracted driver.  It will be in a folder bizhub3850.../CUPS_1.2.../english/kmC3850np.ppd. Select that file and click "Forward."
Follow the rest of the prompts through.  It should now work.


Disable Wacom Finger Touch in Ubuntu 16.04.3

In my case, I got followings:

$ xsetwacom --list devices
Wacom Intuos Pro M Pen stylus       id: 11  type: STYLUS
Wacom Intuos Pro M Pad pad          id: 12  type: PAD
Wacom Intuos Pro M Finger touch     id: 13  type: TOUCH
Wacom Intuos Pro M Pen eraser       id: 14  type: ERASER
Wacom Intuos Pro M Pen cursor       id: 15  type: CURSOR

I can get the current vaule with the following:

$ xsetwacom --get "Wacom Intuos Pro M Finger touch" Touch
on

Disable the finger touch:

$ xsetwacom --set "Wacom Intuos Pro M Finger touch" Touch off

Confirm:

$ xsetwacom --get "Wacom Intuos Pro M Finger touch" Touch
off


Use aptitude to install the package as it will suggest the solution to unmet dependencies problems

install via apt sudo apt-get install aptitude

then install the package:

sudo aptitude install libxcb-xinerama0-dev

where aptitude will suggest the solutions to resolve the problem,what you should do is to choose the right one that you think will solve your problem.


It is not showing the usage page, it shows the long --help page.

The only way i managed to replicate your grep behavior was to set GREP_OPTIONS="--help"

Try unset GREP_OPTIONS and do env|less and look for other environment variables that might have to be unset.

You might also want to check your .profile,/etc/profile,.bashrc, and so on for variables that can cause this.


Will all device driver software work with Linux?

A driver is nothing more than a loadable ELF object file, similar to a normal library. Once your driver code has been compiled into such a file, you can load it with the same tools as you use for other drivers (insmod or modprobe). I'd recommend you read Linux Kernel Programming or LDD3 for much more information about what you actually need to do. You'll find that loading the driver is actually the easy bit :)


You need to use OR instead of AND

Try this:

cat file.txt | awk 'length($0) < 4 || length($0) > 8'

It will take file.txt as input and print all lines with length less than 4 or greater than 8.


Installed Nvidia Drivers, but can't adjust brightness in the Settings

Generally the drivers from the official Ubuntu repositories work fine.
But as you have an issue with the quite new GTX 960 graphics chip,
you can install the latest official NVIDIA drivers as an alternative.
NVIDIA has fixed bugs and improved the drivers for new cards.

Step 1 : Remove the currently installed NVIDIA drivers.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Step 2 : Install the latest official stable NVIDIA drivers.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358
sudo reboot


How to remove "Left Win"-key from "Input Source" - "Next source" binding

Ok. I (of course AFTER posting the above question) figured it out:

Use "Gnome Tweak Tool".

Go to

"Keyboard & Mouse"
"Additional Layout Options"
"Switching to another Layout"
Uncheck "Left Win"

(for the unlikely case someone else got this very problem)


Gnome deskop icons are gone - How can I bring them back?

To get your desktop icons back, install gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons.


Left click doesnt work after upgrade to 20.04 from bionic

Try this:
sudo modprobe -r psmouse

sudo modprobe psmouse proto=imps


How Do I Boot Into Ubuntu Instead Of Windows?

IF you have simply used "Recommended repair" in boot-repair then that won't work!

Assuming your laptop has UEFI firmware(If your laptop came with windows 8 preinstalled then it will have UEFI)

Boot from a LIVE CD:

1.Start Boot-Repair, click on "Advanced options", go to the "GRUB location" tab.

2.If you do not see a "Separate /boot/efi partition" line, this means that your PC does not have any EFI partition. In this case, exit Boot-Repair, then create an EFI partition

3.If you see a "Separate /boot/efi partition" line, tick it then click the "Apply" button.(Even if it is ticked already please tick it again)

4.Set up your BIOS so that it boots the HDD in EFI mode

For more info have a look at this

hope this helps!


You can get your resolution back by booting with the previous kernel using grub menu.

Installation from a downloaded .run file is wrong. It requires reinstallation of the drivers after each kernel upgrade.

The recommended way is to install drivers from Ubuntu repositories. If there is no suitable driver for your card there, you can install them from a PPA.

Now you need to uninstall the driver you have by running the same .run file with --uninstall at the end.

Then you can install drivers by

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-418


Will Leap Second 2015 affect our servers?

No information is given for Ubuntu 14.04 because the kernel in 14.04 was released well after that bug was fixed. 3.13, therefore, already contains a fix for the bug. As for 12.04, the fix was released with 3.2.0-29.46 where you have 3.2.0-23 - so I'm inclined to think your kernel is still affected. Upgrade, people! linux-image-virtual for 12.04 is currently at 3.2.0-86.


Can only boot Windows 10 through grub. How do I disable this?

Two part solution:

Part 1: Remove Ubuntu entry from the EFI partition in the internal disk

See: How do I remove "Ubuntu" in the bios boot menu? (UEFI)

Step 1: Boot Ubuntu from a Live DVD/USB in UEFI mode and select Try Ubuntu without installing option.

Step 2: Open a terminal by Ctrl+Alt+T and install efibootmgr:

sudo apt-get install efibootmgr

Step 3: Then add to the kernel efi support

sudo modprobe efivars

Step 4: Then run sudo efibootmgr to check your boot entries. It will return something like this:

BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 2 seconds
BootOrder: 2001,0003,0005,0006,0000
Boot0000* Lenovo Recovery System
Boot0001* EFI Network 0 for IPv6 (B8-88-E3-84-F3-EF)
Boot0002* EFI Network 0 for IPv4 (B8-88-E3-84-F3-EF)
Boot0003* Windows Boot Manager
Boot0004* EFI USB Device (SanDisk)
Boot0005* ubuntu
Boot2001* EFI USB Device

Step 5: Then delete the option you dont want. In this example, Ubuntu is entry 5. the following could be called to delete entry 5 and remove it from the BootOrder.

(CAUTION: Before executing the following command make sure you enter the correct Boot entry number)

sudo efibootmgr -b 5 -B

Step 6: Delete the Ubuntu folder in the EFI partition.

Suppose your EFI partition was /dev/sda2, then mount it on an empty folder anywhere.

sudo mkdir /mnt/efipart
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/efipart

Now we have to find the directory Ubuntu or any other distro's name in this partition. It is mostly under EFI/distro_name.

Remove that directory and its contents by (PLEASE MAKE SURE YOU ARE DELETING THE CORRECT DIRECTORY)

sudo rm -r ubuntu

This ends Part 1. This is a good time to

Check if it worked

Shut down the computer and disconnect all external drives and remove the Live DVD if you were using one. Start the computer. If all went well, It should directly boot Windows 10 as it did before installing Ubuntu.

Part 2: Fix grub and EFI in the External hard drive where you have Ubuntu

See Is it still possible to install Ubuntu to an external harddrive with UEFI?

Step 1: Again boot Ubuntu from a Live DVD/USB in UEFI mode and select Try Ubuntu without installing option.

Connect the external hard drive with Ubuntu you want to fix. Note down the drive name. Here I will assume it is /dev/sdc, but yours may be different.

Step 2: Install the grub-efi-amd64-bin package.

sudo apt install grub-efi-amd64-bin

This will only install the resources needed. It will not switch your existing MBR style installation to UEFI and turn things upside down.

Step 3: Shrink your Ubuntu partition in GParted to make space for an ESP. Recommended sizes for ESPs range from 100 MB to 500 MB. I made around 250 MB.

Note: It shouldn't matter where your ESP is located on the disk and shrinking your Ubuntu partition by a few megabytes from the end should be quick and safe. Shrinking at the beginning is not safe.

One caveat though, your ESP should be a primary partition and not be part of an extended partition or a logical volume, partition numbers from 1 to 4 are fine, numbers above indicate an extended partition on MBR partition tables.

Choose FAT32 as filesystem and set the boot flag.

Step 4: Mount the ESP partition you just created and the root file system you shrunk.

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/esp
sudo mount /dev/sdc3 /mnt/esp
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/rootfs
sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/rootfs

Note: In this example, /dev/sdc3 is the ESP partition and /dev/sdc1 is the root partition. Yours may be different. The mountpoints /mnt/esp and /mnt/rootfs are just examples chosen to work with the remaining part of this answer.

Install GRUB's EFI image and a minimal configuration file with:

sudo grub-install --efi-directory /mnt/esp --boot-directory /mnt/rootfs/boot --target x86_64-efi --removable /dev/sdc

Step 5: Check and update /etc/fstab file using the following command:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Your UEFI installation of Ubuntu may include a line similar to the one below in /etc/fstab.

UUID=1234-567F /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1

where 1234-567F is an example. If such a line exist, find the UUID of your new EFI partition in the external drive using Gparted or with the command sudo blkid. Update the UUID in the file and save and exit the nano editor with Ctrl+X followed by Y and Enter.

That is it. Now the external drive should boot.

Hope this helps


Meaning of "Processing triggers for ureadahead"

Yes it has been removed.  If you issue the removal command again you will see an error stating that Tomcat is not installed.

ureadahead is a mechanism whereby anything that is required to be loaded at boot time is marked as such and the location is noted.   This speeds up boot time because the filesystem doesn't have to go searching for the files before loading them.  As you can imagine, when you install or remove modules some of them may have to be added or removed from ureadahead to keep it up to date.  It's normal mechanism in modern Linux operating systems like Ubuntu.


In Python, the statements have to be indented by 4 spaces like this

def functionName():
    //some stuff here
    //other stuff here

Looking at the error, this might be the problem.


Gotcha :-)
I apparently had forgotten, that I manually added Skype to ‚autostart‘ (learning that right now, trying to disable its autostart behaviour. Which neither works from the regular internal skype preferences... :)

And so, while we're at it: If you add skype to startup this way, you can also give it command line switches, including...

    /minimized     Starts Skype minimized to the system tray.


17CL35... that looks like a BTO notebook, details on that model can be found here. The specifications are almost equal to my notebook (I've a 17CL34).

Everything works except for the nVidia discrete card. Optimus does not work on Ubuntu and other Linux-based systems and nVidia has no plans to support them. There are ways to use the card though, although the experience on using it may differ.

Some notes about the BTO notebook (which is in fact a Clevo B7130) I own:

the Plymouth splash screen is text-only in Natty, this is related to bug 770371 which has a workaround.
The BIOS is a very limited Phoenix SecureCore one, there is no way to disable/ toggle the graphics card.
The Optimus button on the notebook does nothing is handled by software, which should not be specific to this model but all models in general. I wrote the clevo-wmi module (not to be confused to other modules that are named the clevo-wmi) that can be used to change the LED color and assign custom functionality to it (e.g. "Lock screen").
Fn + F[89] for toggling brightness do not work (bug 806032 got fixed), brightness can be controlled by the applet too.


How can I autostart a headless Kodi on Lubuntu?

Took me 2 hours to search and figure out, I think this can help others to do this in 10 minutes.
Step 1:
Create a user with "auto login". In my case, I had created a user "start" that automagically logs in without a password. How? In LXQt: go to Start --> Preferences --> LXQ Settings --> Users and Groups. Create that user.
You can use command line if you prefer, and adjust it like this:
vi /etc/sddm.conf
You can also put a user here with a password, that user will also auto-login
Step 2: Auto-start Kodi
In the home directory of that user (in my case "start"), copy the file /usr/share/applications/kodi.desktop to .config/autostart
Log in as "start"
mkdir /home/start/.config/autostart
cd /home/start/.config/autostart
cp /usr/share/applications/kodi.desktop ./

(I am skipping the ~/ notation to make it easier for beginners)
Hint: Rename /usr/share/applications/kodi.desktop to kodi.desktop.txt and it will reboot into LXQt again in stead of Kodi.
General hint 1:
Turn off or modify the screensaver of your windowing system, since it may override Kodi. In LXQt for example: In LXQt --> Preferences --> LXQt Settings --> Screen Saver
General hint 2:
Default sound output in my case was analog (the mini-jack port), change it to HDMI in LXQt --> Sound & Video --> PulseAdio Volume Control --> tab 'configuration' --> "Digital Stereo Output". After reboot, it returns every time to analog audio, will figure that out later.


Ubuntu 13.04 - dual boot problem - unable to mount windows 8 partition

Your windows partition is hibernated. If you have fastboot enabled disable it as it hibernates every time you shut down. In my opinion it is better to disable hibernation completely so that you never encounter this issue.

Forewarning: Disabling fastboot will cause your windows to boot significantly slower. Disabling Hibernation will cause it to boot a little bit slower than disabling fastboot. Your boot time will change from ~3-10 sec to ~10-60 sec.

To check this boot windows and choose "Restart" instead of shutdown -> load ubuntu -> then try to access the partition.

Disabling Hibernate Completely

Disabling Fastboot Only


How do I install the correct video drivers in a new install on a macbook pro 8.2 15"?

The problem is with the Radeon/Intel switchable graphics. For instructions for installing the proprietary drivers, please see Ubuntu Quantal Installation Guide. If you go to main page, you will also see instructions for 12.04 and 13.04.

The instructions link to a workaround for hybrid graphics.

Be sure to follow the sections titled Before you start and Removing the driver before installing a new driver.

You may have to try both the workaround and installing the driver from the Catalyst website to see which one works for your computer. (But follow the instructions at this site. As you saw, just downloading the driver from the website is not enough.)


Why I can't install proprietary drivers?

Go to the "Software and Updates" program.
On the "Ubuntu Software" tab, under Downloadable from the Internet, ensure that the "Proprietary drivers for devices (restricted)" source is checked. You will have to authenticate with your password.
Close "Software and Updates". You will have to reload the package information or run sudo apt-get update again. Proceed with the procedure in the guide.


Try e.g.
mount -t msdos -o loop,ro diskette.img /mnt

where diskette.img is your diskette image. The mount command takes care of the loop device automatically.


How do I transfer temporary CD files to bootable USB?

Running from the CD is a temporary environment - everything gets lost when you shut down the system. You can transfer files to the USB in a normal way. Transferring installed applications is incredibly difficult - reinstall them after intsalling Ubuntu 12.10.


installed mediterraneandark theme, but doesn't look like example

You have to install Nautilus 3.6. It is not included in Ubuntu 12.10 repositories, so run following commands:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

and then:

$ sudo apt-get update

Now you just have to kill all Nautilus processes:

$ killall nautilus

and upgrade your software:

$ sudo apt-get upgrade

You should have Nautilus 3.6 now.


How to create a dialog and set title and text dynamically

This is not an answer to your question since the dialog text is not directly changed, but it might be an answer to your problem, since the dialog text changes itself dynamically :-)

Assuming that you have some item that triggeres the onSomethingHappened, you could connect properties of the dialog to properties of the item.

Example:

Item {
  Component {
     id: dialog
     Dialog {
        id: dialogue
        title: someID.dialogTitle
        text: someID.dialogText
        Button {
            text: "cancel"
            onClicked: PopupUtils.close(dialogue)
        }
     }
  }
}

SomeItem {
  id: someID
  property string dialogTitle
  property string dialogText
  onSomethingHappened: {
     dialogTitle = "Hello David"
     dialogText = "Whats up?"
     PopupUtils.open(dialog)
  }
}


snap folder in root is very heavy while snap folder in home is light

Indeed, according to the answer of this post, all the configuration
files of my snaps should be in the snap folder stored in home while
there should only be mount points in the one stored in root. However,
it seems to be the other way round [...].

This point is correct, but you're neglecting the fact that du doesn't care that something is mounted there. You asked it to tell you how big the files are in a specific location, and it told you. Check the output of the mount command and you'll notice that nearly everything in the /snap directory is just a mount point. Everything else in there is just a symlink. What you're seeing is correct, don't worry! You don't want to swap anything.

Q2: I also have a folder snapd in /var/lib which is 7gb. Is this normal?

Yes, this is where the individual snaps are stored (from where they're mounted into /snap/ somewhere). This is normal.

Q3: I noticed that two versions of each snap are stored: can I safely remove the older ones to save space?

You may; the reason snapd keeps old snaps around is in case you need to revert to an older one. You can see them all with snap list <snap name> --all. If you're confident you don't need old revisions, you can remove them using sudo snap remove <snap name> --revision=<snap revision>. Note that you can change the snapd configuration to retain a different number of snaps:
$ snap set system refresh.retain=<number>


Does data save while trying Ubuntu 13.10 Booted through EFI on Macbook pro retina (late 2013)

EFI is a way of booting operating systems, like BIOS. Generally speaking, Windows will boot using BIOS, while Mac and Linux will boot using EFI (or UEFI). I believe that you can now get Windows to boot using EFI as well though (and you can also boot Linux using BIOS), so it's not quite as simplistic as I'm suggesting.

If you can boot it with the "EFI" option but not the "Windows" option, just use the "EFI" option.

Regarding saving files, this will depend on what files you create and how. If you are using ubuntu's "Try it" option, then as long as you aren't saving the files to the physical drive, then you will be fine. As soon as you reboot the computer (or turn it off), those files will be gone.


Regular expression that matches all multiple separate expressions

pdfgrep works on pages, not lines so instead of .* to match anything, you need [^\n]* to match anything but a newline and so ensure that you're matching the same line. For some reason, [\n] is treated as an n (the \ is ignored) by pdfgrep so some trickery is needed. Try this:

pdfgrep  '(Computer|Information)'[^$'\n']'*GE'[^$'\n']*'FALSE'[^$'\n']*'[0-9]{5,}' Closing_Rank_After_Round_III.pdf

On my system, this returns 82 lines:

  17    DBLCSE4B                                          Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            33161
  33    DBLITY4B                                          Information Technology         GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            38913
  74    DHACSE4B                                              Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            36528
  97    DJKCSE4B                                              Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            22030
 108     DJTCSE4B  Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, J&K Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            41598
 112   DMUCOE4B    Mizoram University, Aizawl             Computer Engineering              GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            39759
 124    DMUITY4B   Mizoram University, Aizawl   Information Technology             GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            41723
 132    DTUCSE4B   Tezpur University, Tezpur    Computer Science & Engineering     GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            36567
 161    IAAITY4B                                              Information Technology             GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            19303
 173    IALITR5M                                               M.Tech Information Technology      GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            12723
 181     IALITY4B                                              Information Technology             GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            10649
 187    IGHCSE4B                                               Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            20054
 195    IGWITY4B   Information Technology & Management,        Information Technology            GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            18357
 195    IGWITY4B   Information Technology & Management,        Information Technology            GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            18357
 200     IJLCSE4B  of Information Technology Design &           Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            19427
 200     IJLCSE4B  of Information Technology Design &           Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            19427
 206     IJLECE4B  of Information Technology Design &                                             GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            21863
 211    IJLMEC4B   of Information Technology Design &           Mechanical Engineering         GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            22433
 217    IKOCOE4B                                                Computer Engineering      GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            16837
 223    IKPCOE4B   Design & Manufacturing, Kancheepuram,        Computer Engineering      GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            14202
 247    IVDCOS4B                                               Computer Science                     GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            18374
 252     IVDITY4B                                              Information Technology               GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            19973
 284    NAGCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Agartala Computer Science & Engineering         GE    FALSE HOMESTATE            252288
 285    NAGCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Agartala Computer Science & Engineering         GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            27007
 443    NAPCSE4B                                               Computer Science & Engineering         GE    FALSE HOMESTATE            338141
 444    NAPCSE4B                                               Computer Science & Engineering         GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            26762
 505    NBHCSE4B                                      Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             11495
 608    NCACSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Calicut Computer Science & Engineering       GE    FALSE HOMESTATE    LD      657523
 735    NDUCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Durgapur Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE    AN       80861
 736    NDUCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Durgapur Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE    WB       19088
 737    NDUCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Durgapur Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            11900
 772    NDUITY4B   National Institute of Technology, Durgapur Information Technology     GE    FALSE HOMESTATE    AN       95756
 773    NDUITY4B   National Institute of Technology, Durgapur Information Technology     GE    FALSE HOMESTATE    WB       26872
 774    NDUITY4B   National Institute of Technology, Durgapur Information Technology     GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            16715
 811    NGOCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Goa   Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE            102938
 812    NGOCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Goa   Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            13100
 862    NHACSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             34510
 863    NHACSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            13867
 933    NITCSE4B   Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra Ranchi Computer Science & Engineering     GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             10898
 955    NITITY4B   Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra Ranchi Information Technology                  GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             23647
 956    NITITY4B   Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra Ranchi Information Technology                  GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            14055
1080    NJLCSE4B                                            Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             13424
1081    NJLCSE4B                                            Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            12160
1129    NJLITY4B                                            Information Technology       GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             20270
1130    NJLITY4B                                            Information Technology       GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            14973
1172    NJMCSE4B                                            Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             22151
1173    NJMCSE4B                                            Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            13379
1280    NKUITY4B                                     Information Technology     GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             14993
1281    NKUITY4B                                     Information Technology     GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            12373
1317   NMGCSE4B    National Institute of Technology, Meghalaya Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             66882
1318   NMGCSE4B    National Institute of Technology, Meghalaya Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            30457
1354    NMRCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Manipur Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE            335104
1355    NMRCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Manipur Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            29987
1386    NMZCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Mizoram Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE            780732
1387    NMZCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Mizoram Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            33351
1500    NNGCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Nagaland Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            32788
1538    NPACSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Patna Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             26912
1539    NPACSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Patna Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            17852
1569    NPAITY4B   National Institute of Technology, Patna Information Technology         GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             31050
1570    NPAITY4B   National Institute of Technology, Patna      Information Technology            GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            21633
1588    NPYCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Puducherry Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE            212537
1589    NPYCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Puducherry Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            13738
1655    NRACSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Raipur Computer Science & Engineering       GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             30599
1656    NRACSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Raipur Computer Science & Engineering       GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            16002
1686    NRAITY4B   National Institute of Technology, Raipur Information Technology              GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             54124
1687    NRAITY4B   National Institute of Technology, Raipur Information Technology              GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            20012
1746   NROCEC5M National Institute of Technology, Rourkela    and M.Tech. Computer Science 5-    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             16014
1812    NROCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Rourkela Computer Science & Engineering     GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             12845
1821   NROCSS5M    National Institute of Technology, Rourkela M.Tech. Information Security 5-    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             16350
1822   NROCSS5M    National Institute of Technology, Rourkela M.Tech. Information Security 5-    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            10803
1986    NSICSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Silchar Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             50138
1987    NSICSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Silchar Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            22448
2044    NSKCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Sikkim  Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE            353234
2045    NSKCSE4B   National Institute of Technology, Sikkim  Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            24788
2173    NSRCSE4B   National Institution of Technology, Srinagar Computer Science & Engineering       GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             39818
2174    NSRCSE4B   National Institution of Technology, Srinagar Computer Science & Engineering       GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            22786
2259    NSTCOE4B                                            Computer Engineering       GE    FALSE HOMESTATE    DD      173213
2260    NSTCOE4B                                            Computer Engineering       GE    FALSE HOMESTATE    GJ       10724
2427    NUDCSE4B                                     Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE HOMESTATE             46818
2428    NUDCSE4B                                     Computer Science & Engineering    GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            18978
2478    NUSITY4B   Assam University, Silchar               Information Technology             GE    FALSE HOMESTATE            107749
2479    NUSITY4B   Assam University, Silchar               Information Technology             GE    FALSE OTHERSTATE            38122

The $'\n' is called an ANSI C escape sequence. These are a portable and robust method of specifying certain problematic characters (such as non-printing characters and quotes) to programs that cannot recognize them in other ways. In this case, I am using them in a character class. When a character class begins with ^, it means "match anything except the characters in this class. So, [^$'\n'] means "match anything except a newline character". This ensures that the matches wer are looking for are all on the same line.


How should I install HPLIP binary/proprietary plugin/driver for my HP printer or printer+scanner?

For HPLIP from APT make sure that you have installed hplip-gui package. If it is not installed - install it with:

sudo apt-get install hplip-gui

According to official HP documentation we need to have  HPLIP installed and then install binary plugin as follows.

  To install the plug-in using the GUI you can follow these procedures:

  Launch a command-line window and enter:

hp-setup

  Select your connection type and click "Next".
  Select your printer from "Selected Devices" list and click "Next".
  Enter your root password when prompted and click "Next".
  Use the recommended installation method and click "Next".
  Check the box to accept with the "Driver Plug-In License Agreement" and click "Next".
  Finish the installation of the printer as normal, however you may be prompted to re-enter your user name and password.

  If you run into any additional install problems you can go to our
  known issues page and check for a solution.

  For advanced users who wish to install HPLIP components manually, a
  utility exists (hp-plugin) which will download and install the plugin
  file, but it does not also install a printer queue like hp-setup does.

  Do the following:

  Launch a command-line window and enter:

hp-plugin

  Follow the directions above for navigating the GUI but remember that the printer queue will not be installed through this process.


encrypted /home won't decrypt after upgrade to 11.10

I would just try copying the relevant data from your old /home partition across. There are probably other ways, but this is likely the easiest. Good luck.


Mounted SFTP with Dolphin, how to access from command line?

With Dolphin i dont found solution. But i have installed nautilus and gvfs-fuse and commented  the line Environment=GVFS_DISABLE_FUSE=1 in the file /lib/systemd/system/accounts-daemon.service and run systemctl daemon-reload and restart the machine.
I have installed nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal too, to add "open in local terminal" to Nautilus context menu.
PS:Im using Kubuntu 20.04.


How do I get xstarfish wallpapers to work in Ubuntu 14.04

I just stumbled across this page, and thought I should point out that I just (like, tonight!) released an HTML5/JavaScript port of Starfish/xstarfish at http://micah.cowan.name/starfishjs/, fulfilling my personal desired to have an easy-to-use cross-platform version of Starfish (though, sadly, it of course can't automatically set your desktop background - you have to right-click the image to save it and do that yourself!)


Balazar 2 game is not being given support right now.
The creator has abandoned the game. It might be supported in the future.


It indicates that the socket exists in the abstract namespace.  That is to say, there is no socket file in the filesystem named "/tmp/.X11-unix/X0" etc, so they can not be opened using the normal file open() system call, but rather can only be opened using the socket connect() call.


Recommended usb wifi adapter with hotsopt support

The TL-WN722N is one of the least expensive dongle wifi cards that support master mode.

I have purchased one online before and paid $13 USD, including shipping.

There is a resource here where a user describes being able to achieve master mode using hostapd. A step by step tutorial on creating a wifi hotspot can be found here.

The signal won't be as strong as a wifi router, but for the price it's not bad.


How do I know if my 3.5mm jack supports line-in?

How do I find out this information?

You google 'x220 line-in' and find lots and lots of pages, among them the manual.
So it is both line-in and line-out, but with a limitation:

  The combo audio jack does not support a conventional microphone


Is there a key combination similiar to windows to restart computer?

Ctrl+Alt+Print Screen+R,E,I,S,U,B (Hold down Ctrl, Alt, and Prnt Scrn then press REISUB in that order with about a second pause between each letter)

This is a functionality that is a part of the Linux kernel (not just Ubuntu). The only catch is that you have to have the keyboard plugged into the computer (doesn't work remotely).


Logging and overlayfs on an existing Ubuntu install

Using an Ubuntu LiveUSB, run gparted to shrink the existing ext4 partition and create a new partition, here called "data-rw" in both name and label.
Reboot.

That partition will automatically be mounted on boot, probably at /media/user/data_rw. Now that we have a second drive, let's move the log files to it.  Nearly all the logging is done to /var/log, so let's make a new directory on the second drive and bind it there.

Make log directory on new partition, sync existing files with users and permissions, and bind in fstab so it's automatic on boot:

sudo mkdir /media/user/data_rw/log
sudo rsync -a --include '*/' --exclude '*' /var/log/ /media/user/data_rw/log/
sudo nano /etc/fstab

Add these lines to the end (alter the device name as needed):

/dev/sda3 /media/user/data_rw ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
/media/user/data_rw/log /var/log none rw,bind 0 0

We'd like to force a disk check for the writeable partition, with automated error correction.  In theory, this should work, but it's not clear that it is in my case so consider looking into this further.  Edit /etc/default/grub and find the line with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT, then add fsck.mode=force  fsck.repair=yes to that line. Do sudo update-grub to write the changes to the bootloader
Install overlayfs, sudo apt-get install overlayroot and edit /etc/overlayroot.conf changing the overlayroot option to overlayroot="tmpfs:swap=1,recurse=0" This will cause overlayroot to cover only the root drive, and nothing else, leaving our data_rw drive alone.

Now reboot, and you should find that adding a file to ~/ will disappear on next boot but adding a file to /media/user/data_rw or /var/log will persist across boots.

Using journalctl you should find that logs persist across boots as well, and if your system crashes you should find crash logs in /var/log even after a reboot.

If you need to change the protected filesystem, reboot and when grub comes up press e to edit the grub startup script.  On the linux line add overlayroot=disabled to the end.  This will work until reboot.  You can add a new grub bootloader option if this is frequently needed.

Since writes are never made to the read-only root partition, it should never show errors and should boot back up just fine after abrupt power removal.  The data_rw partition, however, may have unfinalized writes to it.  The fsck should repair that, but in the worst case scenario, the drive won't mount on boot, the bind won't occur, and the logs will be written to the overlay, and not be preserved.  However, the system will still keep running and if this is a critical need you can detect this condition using scripts or software, and take action.

You can either write directly to /media/user/data_rw or you can use the systemd logging service to capture your logs.

Much of this answer is possible due to the following resources:

https://spin.atomicobject.com/2015/03/10/protecting-ubuntu-root-filesystem/

https://askubuntu.com/a/763645/12100

How to make mount --bind permanent?

Automatically force fsck -fy when encountering "UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY."


Keyserver timeout when trying to add key

This apt-get stuck at 0 [Connecting to us.archive.ubuntu.com] solved my problem. All I had to do was make sure uncomment a line in /etc/gai.conf and that fixed it.


How do I set default display brightness?

Review of solutions and offering a (hopefully) better one

Previous solutions

/sys/-based : good for console

@gan

This works echo 5 > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness but does not play well with X. More specifically, X is not aware about your preferred settings and you may end up needing to set the brightness manually again at least once, similar to bug #1042359 .

setpci-based : system-dependent, dangerous

@erickjohncuevas

Solutions based on things like setpci -s 01:00.0 F4.B=50 are dangerous. There, 01:00.0 is actually an ID targeting a particular board on the PCI bus. And it is system-dependent. That means blindly following this may write configuration registers on some other boards where it may mean anything, from just nothing to crashing the system at some point in the future. Anyway it does not play well with X either.

Proposed solution

Advantages/drawbacks

The solution below has these advantages:

plays nice with X which is fully aware of the settings chosen
is more readable, thus maintainable
does not contain system-specific address, etc, and as a result may work on a wider range of hardware (e.g. where kernel does not know about backlight, or that don't even use PCI-based video board, think Ubuntu for ARM )

It assumes: Ubuntu using lightdm (that is 11.10 and beyond)

It only sets backlight when lightdm starts. But it can be combined with the /sys-based solution above if you really need to set backlight earlier.

The solution

Copy-paste of these commands should do what you need (sudo will probably ask your password).

Install xbacklight if it is not already installed (it is a small
package).

sudo apt-get install xbacklight

You should test xbacklight on the command-line to see if it works.
For example:

xbacklight = 100 ; sleep 2 ; xbacklight = 30

Try to figure out a suitable value for your hardware and lighting
conditions.
Create a small script running xbacklight.
You can change the =30 into another value if you wish.
The || true ensures that if xbacklight fails for any reason, X can
still start.

sudo bash -c '{
    echo "#!/bin/bash"
    echo "xbacklight =30 || true"
} >> /etc/lightdm/display-setup-script.sh '

Make the script executable

sudo chmod a+rx /etc/lightdm/display-setup-script.sh

Instruct lightdm to run the script when starting X.
Specifically, this adds a line display-setup-script in a lightdm
configuration file, but only if there is not one already.

if grep -ri ^display-setup-script /etc/lightdm/
then
  echo "There may be already a display-setup-script. It may already do what you need. Else please adjust manually" ;
else
  if [[ -d /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d ]]
  then
    # Ubuntu 13.10 and above have lightdm.conf.d. 14.04 *only* has lightdm.conf.d.
    DEST_CONF_FILE=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/20-default-brightness.conf
  else
    # Ubuntu 12.04, 12.10, 14.10 do not have lightdm.conf.d, so we change main configuration file
    DEST_CONF_FILE=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
  fi
  echo "Writing into $DEST_CONF_FILE"
  sudo bash -c "{
      echo '[SeatDefaults]' ;
      echo display-setup-script=/etc/lightdm/display-setup-script.sh ;
  } >> $DEST_CONF_FILE" ;
fi

May be tested by restarting lightdm from a root session on the console.  Or, more simply, by rebooting.

Tested on Ubuntu 12.04, 12.10, 13.10, 14.04, 14.10, 16.04.

Please provide feedback about your experience.


No Text Displayed for the Installer while Attempting to Install to MacBook Pro 13" Retina

I tried version 15.04 and all appears to be well now. I suppose that 14.04 and 14.10 is not entirely compatible with the latest MacBook models.


How do I prevent Java (Icedtea; OpenJDK) from being installed? And how do I prevent repo reactivation?

Welcome to Ask Ubuntu! Yes, I'm assuming that this is a bug too but it's probably not Ubuntu's fault. This is most likely some 3rd party program asking for java becuase it depends on it. You can sit around and hope it will be fixed in Ubuntu 12.04, or you can file a bug report saying everything you know about the problem on launchpad.net. This makes the chances of the bug getting fixed go up dramatically. In the meantime, uncheck the box for the update in update manager like this:

This will prevent the update from being installed. Hope that helps!


How to log all process names that connect to the internet?

Try the nethogs tool to monitor network traffic by process. It shows the process name, PID, user as which it runs, network device it uses and how much it is sending and receiving.

Install it using sudo apt install nethogs.

Then you can start monitoring processes interactively using sudo nethogs.


ubuntu 16.04 shuts down after a few minutes

Maybe check out your temperatures on ubuntu 15.10? or if you are able to run 16.04 for a little while check them on there as well.

Way on how to check your temperatures:
How do I get the CPU temperature?


Turn off requesting user password after suspend 17.10

I had the same problem. For me solution was this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver ubuntu-lock-on-suspend 'false'


Am I too late here ? pdftk has a updateinfo option which merges metadata into document. I use this option to generate TOC links to gnuplot pdf output. you need to generate a text document such as:

Bookmarks.txt

  BookmarkBegin
  BookmarkTitle: Bookmark Title
  BookmarkLevel: 1
  BookmarkPageNumber: PageNumber

and then:

pdftk  Mypdf.pdf update_info Bookmarks.txt output bookmark_Mypdf.pdf

You will have to find the way of automating the procedure. For sure there is a way of doing this on gui, but i dont know any.

hope this helps.


Touchpad issue keys on 2 in 1 Dell Inspiron 13 5378 don't work on Ubuntu 18.04

16.04 LTS is the version certified for this laptop. Newer versions dont work in my experience.


Bad system call (core dumped) /usr/share/man/man1

Thanks for the debugging information by email.

This turns out to be the fault of ESET File Security.  I've applied workarounds for this program in the past, but apparently I needed to do a bit more.

Briefly, this is an anti-malware tool that injects code into every process that involves sending a message to a separate program on your machine any time certain events happen.  Now, man-db has its own security measures that are intended to defend against malicious documents somehow managing to exploit bugs in the tools that process them, and those involve restricting the system calls that those tools can make to only those that they're supposed to need in order to do text processing.  Unfortunately, what ESET is doing is quite hard to distinguish from what malware might decide to do, so these two security measures fight with each other.

My reluctant compromise (although ultimately I'd like to figure out something better) has been to detect when ESET is installed and allow a few more system calls in that case, but this is a difficult exercise and it's easy to miss some.  I've committed a change to add another one to that list in response to your trace.  This will need to be backported to stable Ubuntu releases before you see the benefit of it, and due to other commitments I won't have time to start that process until at least the middle of next week.  In the meantime, you have a couple of options to get past this problem:

Uninstall ESET File Security (temporarily or otherwise).
Set the environment variable MAN_DISABLE_SECCOMP=1.  This is a bit difficult to do persistently via graphical tools such as Software Updater, but if you're willing to use apt from a terminal then you can just remember to run sudo MAN_DISABLE_SECCOMP=1 apt full-upgrade or sudo MAN_DISABLE_SECCOMP=1 apt install some-package or whatever.

I'll update this answer once packages including my change are available.  (Unfortunately I have no good way to confirm that this is fixed all the way, so it's possible this will be a whack-a-mole exercise where we have to go round again.)


"Updating VMware Tools for Linux" spins forever

Had the same problem. It seems to hang while trying to ask you for your password to authorize the update. For some reason it needs root to have a password. I simply 'passwd root' and 'kill -9'ed the process running 'vmware-gksu' then tried again. And voila: after the download a window popped up and asked me for my password.


Will Ubuntu Server properly manage the power settings on a netbook?

Yes, CPU scaling will work as expected, this is part of the core OS that isn't different between Desktop and Server. If you want things like suspend-on-lid-close to work, though, you may need have some of the Gnome stack running to gain gnome-power-manager.


Why does the url not resolve to the correct folder on the ubuntu12.10/apache2 server

The virtual host file shows path to some directory which must be accessible by Apache2.

I assume that you want to access this directory by typing http://hello.apoio.co in broswer, if this is the case then it should be a ServerName directive inside the virtual host file.

So the file you posted must become:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName hello.apoio.co
    ServerAlias www.hello.apoio.co
    DocumentRoot /var/www/hello.apoio.co/
    <Directory />
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
    </Directory>
    <Directory /var/www/hello.apoio.co/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride None
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
    </Directory>

    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
    <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
        AllowOverride None
        Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

In the above virtual host configuration ServerName and ServerAlias are used to set the corresponding URL and its aliases.

Further information Using Name-based Virtual Hosts


zenity window is not shown when called from `at` command

You need to specify a display for the output:

echo "zenity --info --text=\"test\" --display=:0.0" | at 15:00

(via)


How to install the new version of "PokerTH" game via terminal?

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:pkg-games
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pokerth

See also: https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/PPA/InstallingSoftware


Ubuntu 18.04 Okular printing regression? Multiple pages per sheet with page border

This is an old question, but FYI I solved the problem by printing with evince, which works fine in Ubuntu 18.04


I created a program just for this problem. Limit your CPU based on a desired temperature. It runs like this:

sudo ./temp_throttle.sh 80

That command will make your CPU cores slow down when they reach 80 degrees Celsius. You can find temp_throttle here.


Use the Recommended Repair of the tool called Boot-Repair: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


Have you tried just removing the file it references (using the command line and sudo)?

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/balena-etcher.list

If you remove this file, it may then 'just work'.

Even if it's 'disabled' in the GUI sometimes it doesn't properly adjust the files.  Removing the list will actually remove it from the GUI as well, and if it's disabled there's no harm in removing the file.


MAAS unable to to keep Node details under MAAS nodes

Logs can be found here /var/log/maas/maas.log The documentation for  automatic discovery describes the process that should happen:

  With nodes set to boot from a PXE image, they will start, look for a
  DHCP server, receive the PXE boot details, boot the image, contact the
  MAAS server and shut down.

It looks like the server was able to connect to the DHCP server and receive a boot image but wasn't able to communicate back so make sure you have configured your Cluster Controller correctly and have added an SSH Key.


What license is the Ubuntu colour pallete?

You can't patent or copyright a color scheme, so Canonical has no rights to it.


Have you tried opening the Software Center and finding the games you want to install there?

It looks like the only thing that went wrong was that your web browser didn't properly launch the Software Center.


No menu buttons in Kdenlive (Ubuntu 18.04 - Gnome)

Make sure you delete ALL Kdenlive files (search Home folder for them). Uninstall Kdenlvie, then delete all files, then everything works.


What should I do not to see message about network?

It looks like avahi-daemon is started when the network connection is established (/etc/network/if-up.d/avahi-daemon). This notification is informing you that mDNS (Avahi) has been disabled. It's only used for a small number of applications that only work on the local network, it won't adversely affect your Internet connection or DNS.

The most well known use for mDNS is sharing music with Rhythmbox (or iTunes) over your LAN. It's an Apple technology, but it's largely been ignored in favour of uPNP or DLNA.

To disable it, you must edit the file /etc/default/avahi-daemon as :

sudo gedit /etc/default/avahi-daemon

and add this line (or change it if already exists to):

AVAHI_DAEMON_DETECT_LOCAL=0

You can see What does network service discovery disabled mean?


octave 4 no GUI & some features not installed

Easy:

sudo apt-get install libqt4-opengl-dev


DNS/Bind9 Name resolution with no FQDN auf sever itself fails, clients are ok

In the meantime I did find out what the problem was and how to fix it. I will answer the last question first:

3) Can I use "test" for a intranet domain and what is are the disadvantages compared to "test.lan"?
Answer: Yes. The network setup works with full services (LAMP) and multiple clients only with the name "test". No idea, though why one would add the additional ".lan". Maybe someone else knows.

1) Why does the server ping only work with the fully qualified domain name?
Answer: Because exactly for this problem there is

a) the line "dns-search" in the file '/etc/network/interfaces'

b) the field "search domains" in the desktops network connection. Its in /Edit/IPv4 Settings/SearchDomains. Might be visible only for manual IP definition.

Use either one. It is never really explained in the examples I found on this site or the wiki. Maybe because its deemed too trivial. It means that for all addresses in that domain the domain part ofthe fully qualified domain name (FQDN) is considered optional. One can just omit it. Without that statement, there are only aliases in the bind9 configurations, but they do not help the server for its own address.

The server works fine now. Here is my full  interface definition file:

 sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
 auto enp2s0f1
 iface enp2s0f1 inet static
    address 192.168.10.10
    netmask 255.255.0.0
    gateway 192.168.10.1
    network 192.168.0.0
    broadcast 192.168.255.255
 dns-nameservers 192.168.10.10
 dns-search test

Obviously that file is for a C-class network. It should be easy to modify the addresses for a D class network as in almost every other examples on this site. You might note the strange network ID. It is the most up to date standard enforced by Ubuntu, so it was automatically generated that way. It is suppose to encode where on the device the port is. It kind of solves a problem that I never had and I fail to see the benefits over "eth0", but it seemed too much trouble to set it back to "eth0" again, so I just left it.

2) Why can neither PC resolve ".test" without ".lan"? And what can I do about it?
I guess the key to this is in the detailed function of the dns-search parameter, but I could not experiment, since my network was already running unter "test" instead of "test.lan". So the problem vanished.

Hope it helps someone.


Can't connect Android 4.1.2 device to Ubuntu 13.10

I had the same problem.
Then I installed:

sudo apt-get install libmtp-common libmtp-runtime libmtp9:amd64 libnet-smtp-ssl-perl mtp-tools mtpfs


Count to 10:

seq 10

Write to two files:

tee file1 >file2

(Without the >, tee writes to the two files and additionally to its standard output, i.e. to the terminal unless redirected.)

Count to 10 and write the output to two files:

seq 10 | tee file1 >file2


You should go to recovery mode using Shift after the BIOS.
And then try this:
Ubuntu 17.10 Keyboard not working after login following upgrade from 17.04 (Gnome version)


I found the following instructions, give them a shot

pkill nm-applet
then become root
start nm-applet
set up connection and check "Available to all users."
Kill nm-applet again
Exit root
start nm-applet as a normal user

Source: http://crunchbang.org/forums/viewtopic.php?id=21636


How do I Install X13-arima-seats for Rstudio from source?

OP posted: I will appreciate all responses!

steps that worked for me:

Download source file (x13assrc.tar.gz) from webpage:

www.census.gov/ts/x13as/unix/x13assrc.tar.gz

extract it with right click or with dpkg

use sudo and go to to the extractred folder

sudo -i
cd /Downloads/x13assrc

change compiler from makefile.g77

gedit makefile.g77

change 2. and 3. rows to these. save and close. (this step is from link above.)

FC        = /usr/bin/gfortran # "which gfortran" from terminal gives address
LINKER    = /usr/bin/gfortran

run makefile. it should run and show a long list different packages.

make -f makefile.g77

after it's done it is better to move all generated files to another location from downloads. I moved those to /usr/lib/x64_bin_x13. for me it was easier to do with nautilus while sudo still on. move all *.o and x13as files. close nautilus when you are ready.

nautilus

open rstudio,install "seasonal"-package and load it

install.packages("seasonal")
library(seasonal)

tell where those files are

Sys.setenv(X13_PATH = "/usr/lib/x64_bin_x13")

check if everything is ok

> checkX13()
Congratulations! 'seasonal' should work fine!
- the X13_PATH is correctly specified
- the binary executable file has been found
- a test run has been successful

logout sudo and close terminal

exit
exit


The speed issue might not be Firefox, but rather the connection speeds you're getting over your mobile tether.  There's no way to increase the speeds if that is the case.


Upgrade from 12.04 to 12.10 using the desktop image

The release notes clearly indicate that you should not use CDs, but instead use the online upgrade method.

$ upgrade-manager

Or

$ do-release-upgrade

Make sure that you change sources to prefer normal (non-lts) releases, or modify this file

/etc/update-manager/release-upgrades


Driver for the TP-Link AC600 Archer T2U Nano, on Kubuntu 18.04 Previous fix from June 6 didn't work for me

You could install the latest drivers from this GitHub repo: https://github.com/aircrack-ng/rtl8812au.git

As per the repo, this is how you can install the drivers using DKMS method:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install dkms
git clone -b v5.6.4.2 https://github.com/aircrack-ng/rtl8812au.git
cd rtl8812au
sudo ./dkms-install.sh

Your USB WiFi adapter should be working now.


Online Accounts on 16.10 - only few options

There are still many more Online Accounts available in Ubuntu 16.10, but only some of them are installed by default, most probably because they are the most used ones. To check which Online Accounts are available to connect with Ubuntu, just open a terminal and execute this command :

apt search account-plugin

$ apt search account-plugin
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
account-plugin-aim/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for AIM

account-plugin-facebook/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - Facebook

account-plugin-fitbit/yakkety,yakkety 4 all
  Allow Ubuntu to access FitBit data

account-plugin-flickr/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - Flickr

account-plugin-foursquare/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - FourSquare

account-plugin-gadugadu/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for GaduGadu

account-plugin-google/yakkety,yakkety,now 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all [installed,automatic]
  Online account plugin for Unity - Google

account-plugin-groupwise/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for Groupwise

account-plugin-icq/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for ICQ

account-plugin-identica/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - identi.ca

account-plugin-instagram/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - Instagram

account-plugin-irc/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for IRC

account-plugin-jabber/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for Jabber/XMPP

account-plugin-linkedin/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - LinkedIn

account-plugin-mcloud/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - mCloud

account-plugin-mxit/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for Mxit

account-plugin-myspace/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for MySpace

account-plugin-owncloud/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - ownCloud

account-plugin-salut/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for Local XMPP (Salut)

account-plugin-sametime/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for Sametime

account-plugin-sina/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - Sina

account-plugin-sip/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for SIP

account-plugin-sohu/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - Sohu

account-plugin-tools/yakkety,yakkety,now 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all [installed,automatic]
  Online account plugins for Unity - tools

account-plugin-twitter/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - Twitter

account-plugin-ubuntuone/yakkety,now 15.11+16.10.20160920 amd64 [installed,automatic]
  Ubuntu One authentication library - account settings plug-in

account-plugin-vk/yakkety,yakkety 0.13+16.10.20160929.1-0ubuntu1 all
  Online account plugin for Unity - VKontakte

account-plugin-yahoo/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for Yahoo!

account-plugin-yahoojp/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for Yahoo Japan

account-plugin-zephyr/yakkety 3.12.12-3ubuntu1 amd64
  Messaging account plugin for Zephyr

You can install each Online Account by executing : sudo apt install <account-plugin-name>
Replace <account-plugin-name> with the package name - example : account-plugin-jabber When you open System Settings -> Online Accounts afterwards, the added accounts are visible.


What would happen after I uninstall all my OS using OS-Uninstaller? Will I be able to boot from USB or CD so that I can make a fresh install of an OS?

All OS Uninstaller does is nuke disk partitions that it detects. It doesn't stop you booting to media like USB or CD... Assuming you don't nuke the USB partition.

And if you're just planning on wiping a disk down before installing Ubuntu, you can do all of that from inside the installer without needing to use third party software.


.desktop file in xsessions folder not autorunning

probably your script does not have execute permissions

chmod 755 /usr/share/xsessions/chromeKiosk.sh


The icon size is hardcoded in 11.04, so this is currently not possible.


Turning off "Disable touchpad while typing" doesn't work (KDE)

It appears Kubuntu 18.04 is lacking a package. I had the same problem, and found the commands synclient and syndaemon which should supposedly fix it. However, none of these existed on my system, but I noticed they came from the same package. Try running

sudo apt install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

and then reboot.

After having installed that, I recalled I had some touchpad problems after installing 18.04. Specifically, the touchpad was a lot less sensitive than it used to be, and a lot of touchpad settings were disabled. After installing that package, the touchpad is back to normal, and the settings are enabled again


This is the same problem I am having.

I have the Asus U56E laptop with 6 gigs of memory, 750 gig hard drive and i5 processor (64-bit).

Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Debian, Crunchbang doesn't make a difference. It will randomly reboot.

NOTE:  PCLinuxOS runs fine and I never experience this problem.  It will stay up for days, weeks, and will not reboot unless I tell it to.

If I put Ubuntu back on it, it might stay up 15 minutes, then it will randomly reboot.  I have noticed that if I go away and come back later, the screensaver will have been activated (the screen is black) and after I move the mouse the screen comes to life and then almost immediately the laptop will reboot.

If the laptop is on battery power, the laptop won't reboot it will just stay off.

I will give anyone $50 bucks to solve this problem. I am 99% sure it is something in the distro(s) because, like I said, PCLinuxOS KDE/LXDE will run for days.

$50 bucks!


Porting Ubuntu Touch On Samsung Galaxy S2 Plus

The official list of supported devices is available at:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Devices

Even if i9100 seems to be the closest device, the chipset here is a Samsung Exynos 4210 / ARM Cortex-A9 where for your i9105p the chipset is a Broadcom BC28155 / ARM Cortex-A9 (Source).

So unless your device is listed on the wiki page, I'd say that is not (yet) supported.


How to mount a USB drive that doesn't have a standard name

It seems that you are using a Usb to MicroSD converter. It represents itself as a "usb-2.00 scsi emulated scsi-host".

Any device connected to that host (i.e. any MicroSD card) would have a name like /dev/sdX.

Then any partition on that MicroSD card would have a name like /dev/sdX1, /dev/sdX2, etc.

If that is the case even if you copy stuff to that MicroSD card then you might not be able to boot from it. Just don't let me stop you from trying :-)

Be extremely careful about which device name you are using. It is quite likely that you main hard disk has a name like /dev/sda and if you decide to re-partition and re-format that you will lose all your data!


Is there any documentation shared on response code of mail server? If then, return the response code on each time your cron job try to send email. And keep that response code into DB or alternate location to monitor and identify the issue.


How can I add a new file by right click-add a new ...file(text, doc etc.) easily?

After looking for this I managed to do it by adding template files to Home/Templates directory.
Firstly open an app, like text editor. (You can tap on start button and type text editor, it will pop up)
Then click on save the file. (Ctrl+S or click on save)
On the opening window, choose Templates directory and give the file a good name like "txt file".
Click on save.
You will see a button on right click on a folder named New Document. When you come on this New Document option, you will see the "txt file".
Adding file to the directory


Is removing old linux-headers and linux-image packages safe?

Yes, Michael - it is completely safe to remove this old kernel. By default Ubuntu keeps two kernels - the current one and the one before. One set of kernel packages uses about 335 MB disk space and that's why you receive the information about the freed space. To completely remove those old kernel packages, including all configuration files, execute this command (purge instead of autoremove) :

sudo apt purge linux-headers-4.15.0-29 linux-headers-4.15.0-29-generic linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-29-generic linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-29-generic


This checks on the executable bit and will move all files in the directory you are in into src/.

find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -perm +a=x -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} mv {} src/

This does not check what the filename is (so xxxx and xxxx.cc and anything else is moved as long as it is a "file" (-type f) the "x" (eXecute) permission is set (-perm +a=x)).


Instead of writing a script for that, remove the actual ~/Desktop folder (if it is empty), and create a link to ~/Downloads in its place:

rm -r -i ~/Desktop
ln -s ~/Downloads ~/Desktop


In Trusty udisks2 is installed by default and used by nautilus.

The binary is in

/usr/bin/udisksctl

found via dpkg -L udisks2 | grep bin/

from man udisksctl

NAME
       udisksctl - The udisks command line tool

SYNOPSIS
       udisksctl status

       udisksctl info {--object-path OBJECT | --block-device DEVICE}

       udisksctl mount {--object-path OBJECT | --block-device DEVICE} [--filesystem-type TYPE] [--options OPTIONS...] [--no-user-interaction]

       udisksctl unmount {--object-path OBJECT | --block-device DEVICE} [--force] [--no-user-interaction]

       udisksctl unlock {--object-path OBJECT | --block-device DEVICE} [--no-user-interaction]

       udisksctl lock {--object-path OBJECT | --block-device DEVICE} [--no-user-interaction]

       udisksctl loop-setup --file PATH [--read-only] [--offset OFFSET] [--size SIZE] [--no-user-interaction]

       udisksctl loop-delete {--object-path OBJECT | --block-device DEVICE} [--no-user-interaction]

       udisksctl power-off {--object-path OBJECT | --block-device DEVICE} [--no-user-interaction]

       udisksctl smart-simulate --file PATH {--object-path OBJECT | --block-device DEVICE} [--no-user-interaction]

       udisksctl monitor

       udisksctl dump

       udisksctl help

Here is a short test

% sudo apt-get remove udisks2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  arronax arronax-nautilus brasero deja-dup-backend-gvfs gnome-disk-utility
  gnome-shell-extensions gnome-sushi gvfs gvfs-backends gvfs-backends-goa
  gvfs-daemons gvfs-fuse nautilus nautilus-sendto nautilus-share software-center
  ubuntu-gnome-desktop udisks2 usb-creator-common usb-creator-gtk
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 20 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 20,9 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

% sudo apt-get remove udisks
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  udisks
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 1.043 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]


I just solved my problem. I had to untick one of the software sources from my update manager settings. That was after reading about the causes of the error I received. My system was then able to update and is now running fine.


Mono apps won't start because they can't load certain assemblies

Make sure you have libglib2.0-cil and libndesk-dbus1.0-cil installed.

sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil


We'll be deleting sda2/sda5, recreating a new sda2 swap partition and moving it to the right. Then we'll resize sda1.

Backup any important data on sda1 (standard disclaimer)

Step #1

boot your Ubuntu VM
first we'll disable the current swap...
open a terminal and type:

sudo swapoff -a
gksudo gedit /etc/fstab
find the line with swap that looks similar to UUID=071f8b0e-8e16-4f4d-90ff-a4ae9cc56e2b  none  swap  sw  0  0, and place a # at the beginning of the line to disable it
save and quit gedit

we'll come back later and re-edit /etc/fstab

Step #2

boot to the Ubuntu Live DVD in your VM
start gparted
in the lower pane, right-click on sda5 and issue a swapoff command
in the lower pane, right-click on sda5 and issue a delete command
in the lower pane, right-click on sda2 and issue a delete command
in the lower pane, right-click on the unallocated space and create a new swap partition, file system type = linux-swap, size approximately = 512-1024MB. Note what partition number gets created... probably sda2
in the lower pane, right-click on sda2 and issue a move/resize command
in the upper pane, hover the mouse pointer over the new swap partition, it'll change to a hand cursor, click/hold and move it all the way to the right
in the lower pane, right-click on sda1 and issue at move/resize command
in the graphic portion of the move/resize window, hover the mouse pointer over the right side of sda1 and note the arrow. Resize sda1 by dragging the right side all the way to the right. Click OK.
observe the graphic and confirm that it's right... two partitions... sda1 and sda2 swap... if not... then STOP HERE!
Click the Apply icon

Step #3

boot back into Ubuntu VM
open a terminal and type:

sudo mkswap /dev/sda2 # changing sda2 to the value noted above, if need be
copy the new UUID that is displayed to the clipboard
if no new UUID is displayed, type sudo blkid and note the new UUID there
gksudo gedit /etc/fstab
remove the # from the beginning of the swap line
replace the UUID value with a paste of the new UUID from the clipboard
save and quit gedit
type sudo swapon -a

you're done
reboot your VM


where do i get a driver for a dell 720 for ubuntu 12.04

I googled and found this: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HardwareSupportComponentsPrinters/LexmarkPrinters

Specifically: "The Dell photoprinter 720 is just a rebranded Lexmark Z600 printer."

So you can follow the installation instructions for "Lexmark Z600 Series Printers"

I never tried though, and this link seems quite old.

EDIT: for the first step, I believe you should try "sudo apt-get install libstdc++5" instead of what is instructed on the link.


How to achieve a "one size fits all" Ubuntu USB which doesn't have many hardware issues on different computers

As long as you don't install any proprietary drivers and are using 32 bit, your Ubuntu USB should boot almost any computer that is up to minimum spec, PAE, 512MB RAM, 700 MHz processor, etc.

There are versions you can run if you are planning on using older computers, say without PAE, or enough RAM.


Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1

I was able to solve this issue by opening gradle-wrapper.properties and changing the distributuion URL (in it changed the version from 5.6.2 to 6.4.1) .


How to only place/size *first* matching window?

Okay, the answer would appear to be no, you can't do this with the "Place Windows" and "Window Rules" plug-ins. Instead, you have to use wmctrl and/or Devil's Pie.

In my case, just by way of example, I removed all of "Place Windows" / "Window Rules" stuff for Chrome and used wmctrl by creating a customized google-chrome.desktop file with some scripts:

Copy the usual google-chrome.desktop file:

cp /usr/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

Edit ~/.local/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop
Find the Exec= line and change it to point to a script in a convenient location:

Exec=/home/tjc/bin/runchrome %U

My runchrome script just calls my generalized runandmove script with the arguments I want to use for Chrome:

#!/bin/bash

# For 1440x900:
runandmove "Google Chrome" 0 246 0 1025 875 /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome $*

Those numbers are workspace x y width height.

My runandmove script — no thing of beauty — is:

#!/bin/bash
#
# runandmove looks to see if a program with a given title is already running. If so,
# it raises that program (brings it to the foreground). If not, it runs the program
# in the background (eating all output) and tries to move it to the given position.

# Check we have enough args
if [ $# -lt 7 ]; then
    echo "ERROR: Please supply at least seven arguments."
    echo
    echo "Usage:"
    echo
    echo "    runandmove \"program title\" workspace x y width height \"run command\" {args for command}"
    echo
    echo "Be sure to use quotes around the program title and the run command if they include"
    echo "any spaces (no need if they don't)."
    exit -1
fi

# Get the args
program_title=$1
program_ws=$2
program_x=$3
program_y=$4
program_width=$5
program_height=$6
program_cmd=$7
shift 7

# If the program is already running, bring it to the foreground. If it wasn't, wmctrl will
# return 1 and we'll use that as a flag telling us that we just started it.
wmctrl -a "$program_title"
just_started=$?

# If it isn't running, run it and put it in the right place
if [ $just_started -gt 0 ]; then
    "$program_cmd" $* &> /dev/null &
    wmctrlretry -r "$program_title" -e $program_ws,$program_x,$program_y,$program_width,$program_height
fi

Since there may be a delay after we issue the program command before it shows up in the window manager, note that the above uses wmctrlretry if it starts the program, which is just a simple retry wrapper around wmctrl:

#!/bin/bash

# wmctrl with up to 100 retries; we use this when we've just launched a program
# and it takes a moment to show up in the window manager's list.
counter=0
wmctrl $*
while [ $? -gt 0 ]; do
    counter=$[$counter+1]
    if [ $counter -gt 19 ]; then
        exit -1
    fi
    sleep 0.125
    wmctrl $*
done


I have encountered a similar problem. This worked for me.

Log-in to Windows using your Administrative account.
Right click on windows icon and select command prompt(admin).
Run this from the command prompt:
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi
This will make Grub the default boot manager. Then in the Grub menu, you will find both Windows and Ubuntu.
If in the Grub menu you could not find Windows bootloader then, select the advanced option (which is just below Ubuntu) in Grub menu. Then select Ubuntu(Recovery Mode). There you will find update grub. Select it and press enter. It will fix the problem and then in Grub menu there will be Windows boot loader.
http://myviewsonfoss.blogspot.in/2018/05/how-to-fix-grub.html


I had no hits on this question so I will post my workaround.  Seems to be a Kubuntu/Dolphin specific problem(kde forum).  Nautilus (still in Kubuntu) can read/write/delete just fine. So this will work for now.  Most clients work in Windows or Mac so this is only necessary for a few.
Also had to add a cron job to the server to make NFS happy on all the local/LAN computers.
sudo chown walt:walt -R /files/

Webmin is running that every minute.
Yes Yes its a hack but works!


Booting Ubuntu even if remote share is offline

You should consider user autofs instead of fstab. AutoFS will mount the share on demand.

Install the requirements with

sudo apt install autofs smbclient cifs-utils

Add the following line into /etc/auto.smb.

sudo /cifs  /etc/auto.smb --timeout=300

Of course create the folder

sudo mkdir /cifs

Restart the service

sudo systemctl restart autofs

Create the folder that will contain the credentials

mkdir /etc/creds
chmod 600 /etc/creds

Create the file /etc/creds/192.168.5.167 (or servername) and copy the content you currently have into /root/.smbreds. It should look like:

username=<smb username>
password=<smb password>
domain=<smb domain>

Your share should now be auto-mounted as soon as you do:

cd /cifs/192.168.5.167 #Or servername if you changed to servername)

You can even create a symbolic link if you need to have to same path than previously

umount /mnt/ssd
rmdir /mnt/ssd
ln -s /cifs/192.168.5.167 /mnt/ssd


Zeitgeist is exactly what this is for. It is available from the Ubuntu Software Center and has been covered many times by OMGUbuntu.


ASUS X555LN Brightness fn key not working in Ubuntu 14.04

For ASUS laptops the string must be

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi="

Then run sudo update-grub.

This will create events for Fn buttons.


PC and Display Randomly Gone Unresponsive

First and only one procedure to switching graphic is install nvidia (proprietary) driver  if you want using nvidia gpu, then uninstall it if want to switch back. Then I found that we can switching gpu from nvidia setting. this is my workaround

now i'm using ubuntu 14.04
install nvidia driver and setting

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-355

then switch from nvidia-setting -> PRIME-Profiles

And now almost one week without problem.


How to install ATLAS on Kubuntu 18.04(Bionic)

It seems that you do not have universe repository (for libatlas-base-dev).
LAPACK and BLAS are in main. You should have both repositories enabled.

Try to add the repositories with

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo add-apt-repository main
sudo apt-get update

And then install needed packages with

sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev libblas-dev


Ubuntu Desktop 18.10 UEFI not booting - cannot install

This is not a direct fix, but it is a way around the installation process.

Install ubuntu 18.04 as you said that it works

Make sure internet connection is working

Go to "Software and Updates" and then "Updates"

For "notify me for new ubuntu version", select, "Any new version"

Open terminal and type "sudo apt-get update"

Open "Software Updater", It will notify that a new verison 18.10 is available.

Download and install and there you go

Hope it helps


Application trying to use the wrong shared library

You should be able to create a shell script wrapper, as detailed in this article, and make use of the LD_LIBRARY_PATH trick, so that you can launch your program and make sure that it is the only program to use the different shared library. Do not put it in your .bashrc, as you only want it to temporarily set the environmental variable. Launching your program with this shell script wrapper is probably the easiest way to deal with these sorts of issues to do with conflicting shared libraries.

#!/bin/bash
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/path/to/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
/path/to/my/program

The second line of the script sets the library and the last line launches the program.

As noted here, you can first run the above export line in terminal, and then run

ldd /path/to/my/program

to check that it is loading the correct libraries.