What's this music in Darling in the FranXX?

After a few days of research, I found it : this is the 4th ending of Darling in the FranXX : Hitori

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ltXFpzHxcoY


Brynhildr in this series is  Kuroha Neko. Brynhildr is mighty female warrior of Germanic mythology and the chief of the Valkyries.

Neko's character almost portray the character of Brynhildr as mentioned in German myth. She is powerful than Valkyrie. She does not have any past memory. She gained her memory and became very powerful at the end in series.

Brynhildr in the Darkness trying to show the Neko in darkness or loss of memory. She only does not have past memory but also lose memory when she keep using her power.


How and why did the Tailed Beasts grow up?

This would just be my best guess from reading the series thus far and also outside influences, but I think that the chakra which form the tailed beasts also have a psychic impression with which humans communicate and interact. This psychic impression, through experience, grows what we perceive as a personality and has its re/actions based on this.

The physical form (and perceived growth) they take on may also be due to human influence. As they have interacted with the species over time they have noted that these creatures grow old and die. Not only this, but they start from an infant form and, over time, change in height, temperament, and language ability.

Since the entire lives of the tailed beasts since the death of the Sage of the Six Paths is not detailed it is impossible to know when the tailed beasts saw different levels of maturity. I would also guess that this would have a human influence as well, but mostly from the jinchuuriki (human hosts) that the beasts dwelled within. As the hosts grew older and died this possibly reflected within how the beasts manifested themselves as they moved from host to host over the generations. It is also through seeing the lives of these human hosts and what their role in society was that contributed to their sour feelings towards the human species.

As for the chibi tailed beast having less power? If we consider all beings within this universe start out with no manual to their powers and not a lot of instruction we can also infer that the tailed beasts came into existence not knowing the extent of their power. I say "extent of their power" only because after the corruption of ninshu into ninjutsu that the techniques we think of as powers came about as a concept. The tailed beasts most likely have had the same chakra reserves as before but started life without the desire to use them as humans would.


Why did humans and birds turn into stone but other animals didn't?

It seems whatever happened was aimed at humans, just like how they show that once it was aimed at only birds, and not humans.

It is probably going to be revealed.


Well, there are many things Sebastian can do that we can't explain without shining some light on one fact.

He is "Simply, one hell of a butler"

He is merely an interesting creature with many talents.


Who was the first young character in anime to appear with white hair?

Originally, anime and manga tended to have black, dark brown, and redhead hair color. Often it was stylized in the manga pages and illustrations, so many characters might've had white hair then. Although it was'nt really canon design. Then the whole "colorful hair\eyes, sometimes crazy hairstyles" thing became more common as actual canon design in both anime and manga, and thus white hair started appearing alongside blue, green, purple, violet, fuchsia, pink, bright red, grey, teal, cyan, bright yellow, bright orange...

So it might've easily been more than one character at the same time.


What is the song playing at the end of My Hero Academia season 4 episode 12?

The song is called Red Riot. It's the 9th song on the Season 4 playlist.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pg38mEVKi6s


I think it's just a device to show aging. In part one, she is a kid and has short hair, in part two, she is a teen and has long hair, and in part, three she is an adult and has short hair again.


Why did Frieza need the second transformation?

Because Piccolo's power level was higher than his, as stated in the Dragon Ball Wikia -

  Thanks to his fusion with Nail, his power is slightly higher than that
  of Frieza's.Through much of the battle, Piccolo has the upper hand, but Frieza transforms again into his third stage, earning yet another power increase.


Are the 3 idiots in the Recruitment arc the same ones in the beginning of the series?

As ʞɹɐzǝɹ mentioned, they are not the same three idiots.

The first set of three idiots had no idea that Osamu was in border. On top of this they are not in border either. You can check this in episode 01 where they run from the neighbors rather than trying to fight using triggers (normal/training).
The second set of three idiots basically replace the first set since the first set is never mentioned again. The second set of three idiots become part of border as class C agents—trainees. You can tell by the white/orange uniforms.

While all six of them are idiots, they still play different roles. The first three being Osamu's bullies, the second three acting as superiors of Osamu.

You can check their personalities and appearances via episode 01 for the first set and episode 17 for the second set.


Has a second season of Mysterious Girlfriend X been announced?

There is no news at current time that hints to a second season. Anime news network link here. The manga was completed years ago so i doubt that the anime is getting any continuation.


The connection between the deadly sins and the animals in Nanatsu no Taizai

This is just my interpretation, however I believe it is close.

Wrath - dragon

Wrath is described as extreme anger, fury and/or rage. Apart from the most common belief that dragons breathe fire, which is normally connected to extreme anger (which we even see in anime when a character becomes angry they erupt in flames), dragons are also depicted as clam creatures whose path of destruction is brought about by their rage/anger.
Envy - snake

When a person is envious of another, they normally poison oneself in some form or another which will normally lead to their own self-destruction if they don't change their ways. Take Snow White's stepmother: in the original works, because of her envy towards Snow White's beauty she continues to plot to get rid of Snow White until at the very end after arriving at Snow White's and the Prince's wedding.

  As a punishment for her attempted murders, a pair of glowing-hot iron shoes are brought forth with tongs and placed before the Queen. She is forced to step into the burning shoes and to dance until she drops dead.

Greed - fox

This one I am not entirely sure, but foxes can be seen as greedy as they will prey on any small animal for food, including new born lambs only a few days old (have had personal problems with Foxes where I live when lambs are born). Also, as Septian Primadewa has commented, foxes are depicted in stealing things such as his example of Swiper from Dora the Explore.
Sloth - grizzly

Sloth is normally seen as the reluctance to work or make an effort or just general laziness. If you think about how grizzly bears will hibernate for the winter sleeping the entire time you can normally associate someone who sleeps all the time as being lazy.
Lust - goat

The goat can sometimes be symbolized as lewdness. When carried over into Christianity, the goat represents the Devil, lust and the damned while the sheep symbolizes the saved. Also in general, both sexes of goats symbolize fertility, vitality and ceaseless energy, with the male goat representing masculine virility and creative energy, while the female goat represents the feminine and generative power. Main Source.
Gluttony - boar

The boar is a wild pig..... do I need to say any more how pigs represent gluttony?
Pride - lion

Lions are normally seen as prideful creatures. With the alpha lion, the herd it leads is normally referred to as its pride, and given that lions fight over the top spot of the pride, to be its leader would be quite the satisfaction derived from the achievement of having become the leader. Also when we generally think of lions, the first image we think of is normally one with the large mane. Wouldn't you take great prideful of that?


How is it that applicant 44 is able to turn into smoke and do magic if he is just another contestant?

You're right to think he is NOT just another participant. He is already at hunter level which co-incidently includes several other participants in this exam as well (Good luck figuring them out!). As Happy Face said, you'd need to see more to understand the actual mechanics between the "magic" Hisoka(the Participant 44) uses.

To give you a bit more info without spoiling anything. I'll block quote the wiki intro about Hisoka on HxH wiki.

  Hisoka is portrayed as entirely self-serving, self-absorbed, and selfish; he does whatever he likes as long as it pleases him in some way. His insatiable love for spilling the blood of powerful fighters in combat and his enjoyment of extreme pain while doing so fuels his seemingly sadomasochistic desires. In order for them to grow to their full potential (so as to improve the pleasure of killing them later), Hisoka allows the main protagonists to live in situations wherein he is easily able to kill them. Likewise, he grows excited to meet any new people he deems worthy of fighting or anyone with potential to be a good fighter and entertain him in the future.

Long story short he is an anti-hero, who is completely self-centered and a Sociopath. He is one of the best characters in HxH viz. saying something as HxH has great character development!

Edit: Just saw your username "DeadPool" and Hisoka fits the role of Deadpool in HxH universe.


Did Vegeta ever talk about the super saiyan 5 in Dragon Ball GT?

Sorry for the short answer, no, Vegeta didn't talk about Super Saiyan 5


Can a Kage Bunshin make another Kage Bunshin?

In short: Yes.

There are several instances where Naruto will create several Shadow Clones, which in turn create more Shadow Clones.

As far as why he doesn't create any more, this is speculative. I can think of a few reasons:

Naruto doesn't possess the skill to do so. The useful part of a clone creating a clone right before "death" would be to gain tactical advantage. Naruto's strategy is generally to "charge right in", while this kind of strategy would rely on the clones "dying" so as to be the bait for a new clone coming right in.
There simply isn't enough reaction time. Naruto has demonstrated that it takes time to create clones, even if the amount of time is relatively small. Rather than take the time to mold chakra and perform the technique, why not actually fight?


Are One Piece movies necessary to watch to understand what happens in the anime/manga?

One Piece is mainly manga-based. Now, movies do not actually follow the storyline. However, for entertainment purpose, they are ok. By the way, before a movie release, the anime's storyline suddenly does not follow the main (manga's) storyline for at least 3-4 episodes. Those episodes are actually to connect the next movie with the anime's storyline.

So if you want to follow the main story, you may ignore those movies and filler episodes. But for enjoyment, they are good enough. Some of those movies are actually good too.

The conclusion is, the movies are not necessary to follow the storyline.


Who kissed Ash at the the end of Pokémon Heroes?

I think it is best to start looking for the answer on the metaphysical level.
The writers' purpose made this scene ambiguous as to leave uncertainty in the viewers' mind, and spark their imaginations. This distinction is even brought up explicitly by the characters themselves as they reflect on the scene as they are leaving. It seems that the writers were successful in accomplishing exactly what they wanted to.

Now, all of that said, one could examine the entire context and find some evidence for both claims.

Evidence that it was Latias

The girl did not say anything, and of course Latias can't speak. Now, of course Bianca could have simply decided to stay silent, but it seems awkward that if she were to make such an emotional and romantic advance that she'd say nothing. Consider these small phrases that would be appropriate (and seem awkward without): Thank you., I'll never forget you., I love you., etc.

She says absolutely nothing, most likely because she can't.
Throughout the movie, Latias is the one who shows an interest in Ash. In fact there is no signs of any chemistry at all between Ash and Bianca. If it is Bianca that kisses him, then perhaps she does so because she secretly likes Ash, but is to scared to show it, but doesn't want him to leave without a sign of affection to remember her by? Even that is pushing it. Considering the absurdity of it being Bianca, we must logically say it was Latias.
Ash mainly saved Latias who was in the greatest distress, and not really Bianca. Therefore Latias has good reason to want to thank Ash, at least more so than Bianca.

Evidence that it was Bianca

The piece of art was Bianca's. If it had been Latias that gave it to Ash, she basically would have had to have stolen† it from Bianca, which might have made her mad; this seems out of character for Latias.

† Of course Latias could have gotten explicit permission from Bianca, but this wasn't shown, so to support this theory we must enter the realm of pure speculation.
Regardless of who owns the piece of art, we must consider who made it. Bianca is the artist, since Latias can't paint. Why did she make a portrait of Ash in the first place? While she could have done it just for Latias, this seems awkward. Most likely this drawing was motivated through Bianca's own good will; though out of romantic, or perhaps just friendly interest remains to be seen.
Bianca's hat, which throughout the film was the only visible characteristic available to distinguish the two, is seem at home, implying that since she isn't using it, she must not be out, and thus the girl we see is Bianca. Of course we can't say this for sure since the girl doesn't grab it on her way out either. Again, this was probably done on purpose by the writers.
This isn't really directly perceptible evidence, but many find it odd that there could be a romantic scene between a human and a Pokemon. This relationship, of course, is not meant to be developed.

Other Theories

It was Bianca trying to make them think she was Latias - Some speculate that Bianca purposely didn't wear her hat, nor speak, to make Ash think she was Latias. There is little reason to support this, other than perhaps Bianca was embarrassed to let him know how she felt, or the she wanted to thank him, but thought it would be more appropriate if they thought it was Latias expressing the gratitude.

Is there an official statement?

Official authorities have never clarified this up, and the only info Bulbapedia can offer is a restatement of what we already know:

  ...The conclusion of the film briefly sees her finishing a drawing. The drawing, which is of Ash and Pikachu, is given to Ash by either Bianca, who had left her hat on her easel, or Latias in the form of Bianca: which is the case is the subject of debate. When Ash received the sketch, the girl kissed him. Bianca is seen again in the credits drawing another sketch by the harbor.

  -- Bianca (movie), Bulbapedia

Is there a general consensus?

I feel that in general most consider it to be Latias, simply because she showed interest in Ash throughout the film. A few polls have been conducted on a some forums, including:

Was it Bianca or Latias that kissed Ash in the 5th movie? - The PokéCommunity Forums

80.7% say Latias
19.3% say Bianca

Who Kissed Ash: Bianca or Latias? - Serebii.net Forums

81.82% say Latias
18.18% say Bianca

Neither poll is truly scientific, but both give a good idea of the general gist of the matter.

In conclusion, there is evidence to support either case, and in following with what the writers wanted we are able to make up our own mind. Sometimes the imagination is able to put something in a way that no story ever could.


In Kimi no Na Wa., how long does the comet fragment take to reach Itomori Town?

Personally I think the comet's fragment has gone through a full orbit around the Earth, because it is unlikely that it has diverted so much from the original comet trajectory (which is tangential to Earth) to fall almost perpendicularly, since the break was above Japan and the fragment also fell in Japan

So it is likely that more than an hour has passed between the break and the impact.

By the way, I'm not an aerospace engineer, maybe my reasoning does not make sense ^^


What is this time machine gag referencing?

This running gag in the Gintama anime is actually from Doraemon. They are referencing to how the entrance to a time machine is available at a hole similar to a drawer, which is exactly where the time machine is in the Doraemon anime. Here is list of the other parodies present in Gintama.  LIST

The drawer entrance to the time machine.


Do soldiers in Attack on Titan have different ODM gear or is it custom made for them?

Back during the Female Titan arc, Armin recognizes that Annie was using Marco's ODM gear. So at the very least, they are unique enough to be told apart if you are familiar with them.

Then again, most of the fitting of the ODM gear is done through leather straps, so it's not like you would need much customization to tailor it to each soldier.


How was Law's fever cured by eating Ope Ope fruit?

Eating Ope Ope no Mi does not guarantee a cure per se. Remember the scene when Law tried to heal Rosinante? Rosinante laughed at him and said it doesn't work that way. Ope Ope no Mi is simply a tool/means to heal someone.

Law had to study being a doctor and medicine to cure himself with said knowledge.

As the wiki has said,

  The Ope Ope no Mi is a Paramecia-type Devil Fruit that allows its user to create a spherical space or "room", in which the user has complete control over the placement and orientation of the objects inside, making the user a Free Modification Human (改造自在人間 Kaizō Jizai Ningen?).

Like the description has said, the Ope Ope no Mi is indeed a powerful devil fruit but more powerful if the user has medical knowledge.

  The Ope Ope no Mi has been described as having "miraculous" properties, having the ability to cure any kind of illness, but at the same time still requires some extent of medical knowledge in order to be utilized effectively as the fruit's influence only bends but not fully defy biological aspects of those recipient to its life-saving applications and its miraculous healing is actually focused on spatially extracting disease-causing impurities such as bacteria and viruses directly out of the patients' bodies. As such, if a doctor of prodigious medical expertise were to obtain this fruit's power, their medical abilities would be second to none.


When did Luffy say: "Forgetting is like a wound.The wound may heal, but it has already left a scar."?

As far as I know, Luffy never said this quote.

And I am up to the Doflamingo Arc, And still never heard Luffy state this, its probably some quote made up from the fans.


Hikigaya asked for a girl's phone number in middle school, as mentioned in his flashback at 6:30 - 7:00 in episode 4. The number probably belongs to her, though he left her anonymous in his story in the anime (I haven't read the early volumes of the LN's). There's no Hanazawa Hanako in Volumes 7-10. For now, she remains in the back-burner of possible characters.


Where are the places mentioned in Nausicaa located with respect to the modern world?

According to the maps depicted in the manga (and ignoring any differences with the movie):

It is implied to be parts of the Middle East and Caucasus region. With the Black Sea on the left (Inland Sea), Mediterranean Sea on the right (Ocean of Salt). Perhaps alluding to the fact that the magnetic poles might have shifted around the time of the Seven Days of Fire and the modern time depicted in the manga.

Torumekia might possibly be considered to be a big portion of real-life modern day eastern Turkey, with the Autonomous States of the Periphery making up part of southwestern Turkey and Syria.

It seems that the Dorok Principalities might be the area between Kazakhstan and Ukraine.

The Sea of Corruption has seems to have covered much of the southeastern part of real-life Central Asia.

Not all land masses will be one to one with modern day maps as the story is likely set around 3780 to 3850 CE. Perhaps due to flooding and terraforming thru the years.

The manga introduction mentions Seven Days of Fire happened roughly a thousand years after the Industrial Revolution, which is assumed to occurred around 1780s to 1850s CE if we so off modern real-life history. Therefore the Seven Days of Fire likely happened roughly around 2780-2850 CE. The manga is mentioned to be set about a thousand years after that event, so roughly around 3780 to 3850 CE would be a guess.


What is the name of the OST playing at 18:40 in Shingeki no Kyojin Episode 16?

If you are talking about the season 1, I believe the artist is Hiroyuki Sawano.  That song is on OST 2, track 6, if I'm not mistaken. The name of the song is kind a complicated (進撃vn-pf20130524巨人) so I will just leave a link.


How different are the manga, anime and movie versions of Ajin?

I have watched the anime until the very last episode so far, which is the 8th of the second season, while I also keep on reading the manga (it is still on going). First season of Ajin is totally faithful to the manga until the last two episodes, then it just changes a little so it is not a big deal. But this second season is, from the 2 episode and on, super different from the manga. Now, this does not mean anime is not as good as the manga, this second season is very nice indeed, but what happens is that in the manga there were some really interesting parts involving important character backstory. For example,

   Izumi's which was very crude and harrowing but it seems like in the anime they have censored it, which really pissed me off. Then we got Kei Nagai's true feelings towards what is going on around him, which is not clearly shown in anime, and also and the most different thing: they have changed all the main plot.

Everything that happens in the manga that should have been in this second season is not there, the fights, the crazy af plans of Satou, etc. This, however, could be explained because I believe the second season started when this amazing arc in the manga was not over yet, so I guess production decided to just walk the FMA path. But as I said, it is still worth watching it, it is good and adds new stuff:

   we can see some development in Izumi and Tosaki's relationship and we kinda get 1 minute or less of fanservice with cute Nagai blushing.

So yeah basically, first season is completely faithful, second season is not but it still very good.


What kind of Super Saiyan transformation did Trunks use when fighting Zamasu?

The Transformation is Super Trunks and is only done by Trunks right now. In short it looks like a half super saiyan god transformation where his body is clad with god ki but only halfway which is why in this transformation he has the "two-tone" aura similar to a kaioken ssb. As shown below

It is very similar to pseudo-super saiyan as described in wiki here wiki link

Here is the link to read about Super Trunks Super Trunks.

Right now there isn't any real evidence of it being a god-level transformation. But it appears to be powered by the hope of humanity.

As quoted by the wiki:

  After gathering the power of light and hope from mankind, Trunks gained a new type of power up in this form, turning his aura completely blue, his body producing blue energy around him.


In Attack on Titan, why does Zeke tell Eren that someday he will save him?

This is a great question, and Isayama is a master of hinting.

The official answer is we don't really know, but we can bring forth some conclusions based on what information we have so far.

1) While it is true that Zeke

   has been a loyal Marleyan soldier, is referred to as "The Wonder Child", and has brought Marley many victories, it is shown in recent chapters that Zeke does not fully trust the Marleyan government. He has not told them about his Royal Blood (his mother, Dina Fritz), and even the Titan Scientific Society cannot explain his Titan powers.

2) In the last three chapters (93-95)

   Zeke acknowledges the decline in Marley's need of Eldian Titan powers, however he calmly and wisely suggests to return back to Paradis Island and gain control of the Founding Titan. He even mentioned Colt about Zeke's secret, and planned a meeting with all Titan shifters without Marleyian presence. This is showing us Zeke's urge of going back to the island and complete his final wish.

3) Currently (Chapter 95), Zeke has

   one year left as a Titan Shifter. This is the time to finally reveal his true intentions.

4) Being a "Wonder Child", a great war strategist,

   we can safely say that Zeke has noticed that Eldians are not treated well within Marley.

Having mention all the above, we know that Zeke

   is currently planning his return on Paradis Island. He is being very careful about the arguments he uses with Marleyans, and he is also trying to get all Titan Shifters with him to Paradis Island.

As you mentioned, both Zeke and Eren

   have been brainwashed by Grisha, and turned into killing machines, and this is the reason why Zeke feels he is the only one that can understand Eren the most. Zeke is a product of war, and a master of it. Eren is the only family he has left, and perhaps he does not want Eren to walk the same path as Zeke.

Again, these are all speculations. No one knows what Isayama has been up to. But in this Manga masterpiece, we have watched both protagonists and antagonists reveal their lives, we have sympathized friends and foes, and maybe the ending will be about bringing closer the two sides of the story.

To quote Bertrand Russell: war does not determine who is right - only who is left.


What's the meaning of the crayon painting that appear in End Of Evangelion?

I think the general consensus is that it's up to your own interpretation. They are a mix of actual children's drawings and some that were made to look like children's drawings but were actually created by the staff (e.g. the gutted dog and the bucket of fish).

There is commentary that's part of the "Eva Tomo no Kai" (Eva Fan Club) newsletters that supposedly mention that these drawings were created by children who went through abuse/traumatic experiences and were drawn as part of some sort of therapy. I can't provide the actual source or the scan, though, so take that tidbit with a grain of salt.

So it's possible that the sequence alludes to that of a child (or children, as in the Evangelion pilots) who went through traumatic experiences (piloting, fighting, general psychological struggles from the events of the series) and attempting to cope with them. Sort of like the idea behind the therapy children's drawings.


There is no definitive information in the anime or manga on this particular question. So it MAY be possible, theoretically, to kill a Shinigami with a Death Note. However, regardless of that, in practice, it is impossible for a human to do it, for the following reasons:

You don't have their name. Humans have no way of verifying a Shinigami's true name, much less its spelling. Correct spelling using the script in which the name is "officially" written does seem to be required. Shinigami vision, which always shows the name needed to kill, always shows the "official" spelling. For example, when Misa views Light's name, it shows up not as the English word it comes from, and not as the kana approximation, but as the official kanji character, presumably because that's the way it is on his documents/how he likes to spell it, etc. Even though this spelling makes her confused as to how to pronounce it (she initially reads it as "Tsuki" in the anime). On the other hand, the names of Western characters always show up in Western script, not in Japanese approximation. The Shinigami would have their own way of spelling their names as well. According to the manga creators, each Shinigami has their "own written language", and some even use pictures (says the wiki here: deathnote.wikia.com/wiki/Shinigami). And misspellings are not allowed: after 4 misspellings the target becomes immune from that Death Note, and misspelling it knowingly more than 4 times (such as deliberate trial and error) kills the Note's owner (Rule XXXV.1). Even with the Shinigami eye deal, Shinigami names don't seem to show up, from what I've seen in the anime. So even assuming the Shinigami is stupid enough to tell you their real, full name, good luck explaining to them why you need it spelled, in their native language.

You don't have their face. You need to visualize a face to kill. Many Shinigami seem to wear masks/makeup that cover most of their faces. Who knows if that's their actual true face or just a costume? Again, good luck asking them and getting an honest answer.

No cause of death. Ok, this one is a little complicated, but here goes... The conditions of death must be "physically possible" (Rule VI.1). If an impossible cause of death is listed, or if none is specified, the cause reverts to the default: a deadly heart attack (Rule I.4). In other words, the person's blood is no longer being pumped and they quickly suffer brain death, organ failure, etc., from lack of oxygen/nutrients. But we know for a fact that it is physically impossible to kill a Shinigami this way. They are spiritual beings that are able to phase in and out of the material world and don't need to eat, so assuming they even have such an organ as a heart, lack of physical pumping from it would not kill them. Thus it is physically impossible to kill a Shinigami with the known DEFAULT cause.

So you have to SPECIFY some other cause that is actually known to kill Shinigami. The only way we know is to make them kill someone with their Note to extend another human's life (Rule XVII.1). But that won't work either. Here's why:

A. Bystander deaths are not allowed. If you make the Shinigami write down a random human's name, you
   run into Rule X.2, which prevents your Death Note entry from being
   the direct cause of death of anyone other than the people you
   specifically listed by name.

B. Double entries are not allowed. If you try to work around that by specifying
   the name of the human the Shinigami is to kill, you run into Rule
   XV.1, which states that if a name is written in 2 Death Notes, only
   the first entry written takes effect. So the Shinigami's attempt to
   re-enter the person's name will be void, no harm no foul, the
   Shinigami lives. Even if you try to force them to do a split entry with
   you (allowed in Rule XXXII.1), YOU initiate the split entry, the
   human becomes YOUR victim, the Shinigami's Note is NOT the cause of
   death (yours is), so the Shinigami is still not responsible.

TL;DR Only someone who knows the Shinigami's true face, true name, and how their body works, can possibly kill them with a death note (or maybe even without it). That would most likely be the Shinigami king, possibly some of the higher ranking Shinigami. Your only real option is tricking the Shinigami into doing something stupid like giving up their life voluntarily or getting into big trouble with their higher-ups (they do have a death penalty, per Rule XLVI.1).

(All Rules are here: http://deathnote.wikia.com/wiki/Rules_of_the_Death_Note)

Incidentally, the same basic idea applies to the Netflix movie version of Ryuk. We don't know anything pertinent about him either. He may threaten to kill anyone who writes his name, just because he's miffed, but that doesn't mean they have the ability to actually do it. In fact, someone did write "don't trust Ryuk" on the actual parchment pages of the Death Note, so technically he should be dead, because his name was put down in the Note. So apparently it doesn't work on him.


Sasuke:
is a "genius" (possesses innate talent).
is a Uchiha (somewhat the reason why he is a "genius").
Lee:
is a hard worker (his main motivation being to surpass Neji, the "genius" in his team).

Basically, Lee has no innate talent to ninjutsu or genjutsu. Thus he had to master taijutsu in order to surpass the "geniuses", and become a great ninja. This is a process that takes a lot of time.
Sasuke on the other hand does not need to work so hard in order to accomplish what Lee needs to work on for several years. Remember that he was able to master the Goukakyuu no Jutsu at a very early age.


What is meaning of colon in Nisekoi second season name?

It's become something of a pattern that anime series will have some kind of notation to indicate sequel seasons. Obviously "Season 2" or variations thereof happen a lot (e.g. "Shokugeki no Soma The Second Plate"), but several shows add a small extra detail to the title instead. Besides Nisekoi:, here are a few:

Working!! became Working'!! became Working!!!
K-On! became K-On!!
Gintama became Gintama' became Gintama° became Gintama.


What's written in Ayatsuji Tsukasa's notebook?

There is no mention of the exact contents of the notebook in the original VN or the anime. There are a couple of short sequel games which I have not gone through, so in principle there could be some explanation there, but given how important this is I doubt they'd want to relegate it to a side-game. Hence, the authors have definitely and deliberately hidden what is in her notebook.
However, there are some good theories. The most common viewpoint is that she was using the notebook as a diary to vent her frustration with everyone else, particularly her sister. Despite the fact that Tsukasa is harder-working, her sister always seems to be more popular. Of course, she has more to vent about than that, and it's pretty safe to guess that the diary contained all sorts of things about everyone. That's why, if it ever went public, she wouldn't be able to go to school any more.
This forum post provides a pretty complete and fairly consistent picture of Ayatsuji from a psychological standpoint. The segment about her notebook is quoted below:

The Birth and the Function of her Diary
We believe that [having someone/something to listen to her] was the function of her diary, which she so desperately guarded. Here, the Inner Tsukasa was writing down her life, her frustrations, and her thoughts which she couldn't share with anybody. In a way, it was her way to deal with whatever gave her a hard time. Some kind of offline-blog, talking to herself. It also explains why the contents would be damaging enough that she "couldn't come to school anymore" if they'd ever come out.
We could see in episode 3 how much she was annoyed at the laziness and pettiness of the three bitches. Her Facade would have never allowed to show her anger - instead, it rather demanded that she would go through a humiliating insincere teary apology, sacrificing her (absolutely justified) anger and pride for the sake of ultimate success. In the past, she probably would have made an entry in the diary - this time, she did it in person, with disastrous results.
This is how Junichi uncovered the "Inner" Tsukasa - when he picked up the diary. Tsukasa believed that he had actually read it, and that there was no need to maintain the Facade towards him anymore. It also proves that Ayatsuji has no split or bipolar personality: The Inner Tsukasa is always in control - she was able to drop the Facade in a second.


Touka suffers from Ornithophobia, most likely due to being pecked near her eye in her youth by Chunta. Which is also the reason why she covers her right eye with her hair.

   Chunta (チュンタ, Chunta) was an injured bird that was found by Touka Kirishima and Ayato Kirishima. They nursed the bird back to health, keeping it in a cage at their apartment and feeding it worms they dug up. After their father, Arata Kirishima, disappeared and Touka and Ayato were on the run from Ghoul Investigators, they turned back to release Chunta from his cage. After being freed, he pecked Touka in the eye.


Are Homura's wings witch wings in the end?

The Rebellion movie seems to hint that

  Homura's wings in this scene were indeed witch wings, or rather, the beginning of Homura's transformation into a witch.

The biggest clue is the landscape. The last time we see Homura in the series she is about to confront a bunch of wraiths in a desert landscape. The Rebellion movie reveals

  that the Incubators tried to trap Homura and interrupt her witch transformation in order to draw out Madoka. When the Incubators' barrier is broken, Homura is still in the desert.

If you assume the two deserted landscapes are one and the same,

  you would conclude that Homura was about to turn into a witch at the end of the series. Presumably, that's where her transformation began before it was interrupted, setting the events of the Rebellion movie in motion.


Romantic moments for Luffy (and other Straw Hats)

Actually there is a canon answer... from the Word of God himself... even if it doesn't help.

D: Doesn't anyone on Luffy's crew fall in love? Will there never be a romance among crew members? (Sanji is an exception in this case) I'm just wondering. from Naoko

O: Of course they're in love... WITH ADVENTURE! (good one)

http://www.japanator.com/eiichiro-oda-answers-fan-questions-in-sbs-7443.phtml


What would've happened if Obito didn't accept Kabuto's help?

I guess Obito will lose the war.

Obito seems to have underestimated the 5 nations. Maybe because he thought that he can take advantage of their previous wars and conflicts and never expected that the alliance will truly go in war as one allied shinobi rather than fighting for their own nation.

As for plans on resurrecting Madara, I don't think he still plans to do so since he said that he wants Nagato to use the 7th path on him and his current actions shows that he wants to be the Juubi's jinchuriki himself and the one to cast infinite tsukoyomi and I think he underestimated Madara on that one too.


Etymology

Etymologically speaking, the word takes its root from the Old English lǣwede : ignorant, unlearned.

Then in the Middle English it got transformed into leud/lewed (found those two ways to write it): belonging to the common people, vulgar.

It then derived into the mean worthless, vile, evil, leading to its current usage and connotations.

Meaning

Even thought there are a lot of slightly different definitions of the word lewd, I decided to provide the KnowYourMeme's definition because it does correspond to the meme definition and not the word definition :

  Lewd is an adjective often used to describe something of erotic nature, or otherwise obscene or indecent. It is generally being used to represent the reaction of a character who is ingenuous or timid.

Origin

The first known meme use of this word is, like a lot of Western memes, on 4chan in 2008.

On the chans /jp and /a (Respectively the Japanese Culture and Anime & Manga 4chan communities), the word was used in several conversations.

In 2008, the chan /jp was created in order to split general Japanese Culture from /a which then became the Otaku board.

On /jp, the meme was associated with pictures of Eiki Shiki from Touhou in order to criticize lewd anime content which was judged as "not suitable" for the board.

The post on November 19th, 2008 that most likely created this meme, according to KnowYourMeme, is this comic and its reaction :

The comic:

The reaction:

Other details

Google Trends

According to Google Trends, the peak of research of the word lewd is in 2011. I didn't find any rationnal explanation; I will edit the post to add things if I find anything interesting.

Lewd but I approve

A trend emerged from the meme lewd, to express the fact that a user finds the below content lewd but still approves of the content. It is presented the same way as the lewd meme, but on the pancart there is written: Lewd but I approve

Bonus: Gardevoir

The pokemon Gardevoir has became a meme because of the feminized look it has. The meme is used at different ways (Tsundere Gardevoir, Shy Gardevoir, Totally NSFW Gardevoir). A lewd version of Gardevoir frequently used on 4chan :


Where can I watch or buy Captain Tsubasa J in English?

According to the AnimeNewsNetwork page of the series it hasn't been licensed in English so there aren't any official English subtiltes available either.


How can Nami's punches hurt Luffy so much?

Here's another answer, also on SBS

D: Blows shouldn't hurt Luffy, so why does he get bruises and swelling when Nami and the others beat the crap out of him?! Tell me!!! P.N. Zororin Love
O: When the crew beats up on each other, it's always in admonishment with a strong sense of purpose, which is why it works so well!! It works on his spirit!! I bet Nami is thinking, "It's his spirit that hurts deep down!!" ...right? I guess not.

So Nami and others didn't punch Luffy physically, but they hurt his spirit, and with doing so, his body also get hurts

right? I guess not.

I think Oda doesn't really want to give any logical answer here


Per the fan wiki, his surname was Narusaka (鳴坂) prior to his adoption.

  Born on October 7, 2008, Narusaka Kazuto was adopted by his aunt and uncle a year after his birth, when his biological parents died in an accident.

According to this news article and some other sources I found, this was revealed at the beginning of Unital Ring, originally in the January 2018 issue of Dengeki Bunko, which publishes SAO as a serialized story.


Did Tsunade's abilities come from the fact that she was descendant of Senju and Uzumaki?

I would say partly yes and mostly through training. She developed Chakra Enhanced Strength which allows her to increase the strength of her attack tremendously. It's proven that through training even Sakura is able to show such strength in her attack.

  It should be noted that unlike Sakura, Tsunade herself already possesses incredible raw strength, capable of crushing stones in a single hand with nothing but pure muscle power. This strength is later increased to monstrous levels, when Tsunade uses this technique, allowing her to perform feats like lifting and swinging Gamabunta's tantō, creating giant craters and fissures in an area by simply striking it with either her heel or finger, destroying Madara Uchiha Susanoo's ribcage and its sword, and sending opponents flying with a flick of her finger with relative ease.


What happened to the manga "Me and the Devil Blues"?

According to ja.Wikipedia article about the series, the series had frequent hiatus half-way into the serialization, and it finally got discontinued in April issue in 2008.
Later in September 2010 issue of Monthly Shounen Sirius, in the introduction text to Ago Nashi Gen to Ore Monogatari 『アゴなしゲンとNEMESIS物語』, a new series by the same author, it said that the author was aiming to reach the end of part 1 of OreAku (the shortened name of the series in Japan).
In 2014, it was announced that the series would resume serialization. And in the issue of Young Magazine 3rd which was released on September 5th 2014, 2 chapters of OreAku which were not collected into tankoubon was released, and it was also announced that the 5th volume will be the last volume of the series.
The paragraph on Wikipedia which I take the information from (I don't translate everything here, only the main events):

連載中断と再開
連載途中から頻繁に休載するようになり、2008年4月号を最後に中断した。同年6月号を最後に、巻末にも「『俺と悪魔のブルーズ』は休載いたします」といった文言が掲載されなくなったことから、事実上打ち切り状態になった。 その後、同社『月刊少年シリウス』2010年9月号の同作者『アゴなしゲンとNEMESIS物語』の冒頭において、「現在、平本アキラ氏は『俺悪』の第1部・完を目指し描きだめ中なのです!」という作者近況の一文があり、水面下で執筆が進められているものと見られていた。
そして2014年、同社『ヤングマガジンサード』創刊号にて正式に連載再開が決定した]。9月5日に発売された同号においては単行本未収録分が2話掲載されており、Vol.5から完全新作が最終章として発表されると告知された。


From the corresponding scene in the light novel (volume 4, chapter 9; p. 308):

  キリトは透き【すき】通った視線で一瞬【いっしゅん】アインクラッドを見つめ、しばしうつむいた。その唇【くちびる】が動き、かすかな声で誰かの名前を呼んだようだったが、聞き取れなかった。

Translated,

  With his penetrating gaze, Kirito glanced at Aincrad for a moment, and then cast his eyes downward. His lips moved. It seemed as though he had said somebody's name in a faint voice - but [Yui] couldn't hear him.

In light of this, it is clear that Kirito said somebody's name. It seems, however, that the author chose to leave the identity of the person ambiguous.

I believe that the standard inference among the SAO fanbase is that Kirito said either Sachi's name or Kayaba Akihiko's name. This seems like a reasonable guess to me, though I'm not sure if there's any other evidence supporting it.


Birth of Maria's child in Shinsekai Yori

After Maria and Mamoru escapes from Kamisu 66th district, the story undergoes a time skip 12 years ahead, where Saki and Satoru are 26 years old1.

As we all know, in episode 18, Asahina Tomiko, the head of Ethics Committee, reaffirmed the death of Maria and Mamoru. After they received the bones from Yakomaru/Squealer, they have checked that the bones are from human and there are no inconsistencies in age and gender. They even further confirmed by doing DNA tests and matching the dental record from Harmony School. Therefore, at the point when Saki and Satoru are 26 years old, both Maria and Mamoru have deceased.

However, it was not mentioned when they received the bones in the anime (or maybe I have missed it).

I only found reference in the manga2 (volume 4 chapter 13), where it was mentioned that the bones are recovered 2-3 year after their disappearance.

Therefore, it is safe to conclude that during the period of 2-3 years, Maria and Mamoru had a child together, then Maria and Mamoru were killed by the queerats and had their bones sent back to the district. Their child was raised by the queerats, which made the child recognize the queerats as his/her3 own species and enable him/her to freely massacre other humans. In the anime, the child is shown to be around 10 years old, which matches the timeline of the story.

1 This is confirmed by Wikipedia, both English and Japanese version. In the summary of the chapter 5 of Japanese version: 12 years passed, Saki and Satoru are now 26 years old. (12年が過ぎ、早季と覚は26歳になっていた。)

2 There are many differences between the manga and anime. However, the key part of the story remains: Maria and Mamoru leaves the district, their child raised by the queerats later helps the queerats attacking the village.

3 The child is male in the novel and female in the anime. According to cite note on Wikipedia.


What happens to King Torture's soldiers once defeated?

I think to understand this its important to recognize that the show is all about celebrating Tokusatsu tropes (think Power Rangers). This is why, as in most Tokusatsu shows, all the bosses explode. Now, in most Tokusatsu shows, the minions are just beaten up and then ignored. Frequently they just seem to disappear between shots. There is no particular "canon" explanation of what happens to them for the genre as a whole. Since Samurai Flamenco is emulating these shows, it also ignores the question of what happens to the minions.

So the answer is that they probably do the same thing that minions do in every other show, but nobody knows what that is.


What did Madara mean by "showing our guts"?

From context and the discussions in the show about the reasons that wars persist and continue (bits and pieces from Nagato, Naruto & Jiraiya at different points in time) - they are talking about how people cannot discern emotions and thoughts of others directly, meaning people cannot know the true feelings of others. Which in turn causes misunderstanding, differences in opinion and emotion to the end result of conflict, culminating in war.

Given this overall theme, I think it is reasonable to understand this (possibly mistranslated phrase) to mean - show our internal feelings/emotions/thoughts to the other (internal  <-> guts).


Do Kaname's parents know he isn't really their son?

I think they did. Just like the person said above, Juri said that her son was already taken away from her. Maybe this was referring to something else but I don't think so.


What is meaning of "Brush Your Teeth. -- Unripe Fruit" in Hunter x Hunter?

I may have the phrases figured out.  Initially I was extra confused as to why there would be such out-of-context English phrases printed in a Japanese anime.  Senshin cleared that up, and I realized everyone could read the text.

I've now watched some of the original 1999 Hunter x Hunter anime series.  In those, the psychotic villain (and sometimes ally) Hisoka occasionally refers to Gon as "unripe fruit".  (I do not believe he ever says that in the 2011 version.)  The context is, even though Hisoka feels sorely tempted, it is too early to destroy Gon (and perhaps Killua) now.  He is like unripe fruit, and it will be much more enjoyable to destroy the boy mentally and physically once Gon is older and gained significant skill.

Knowing that everyone can read "brush your teeth" helped me see the image afresh.  I thought Killua was just smiling, but now I see it is a huge, clenched-teeth smile.  Plus his right hand seems to be grasping an invisible tooth brush and motioning as if demonstrating proper tooth brushing technique.  The "Hunterpedia" environment is being presented as a classroom.

The one remaining puzzle is why Gon's left hand seems to be motioning as well.


Who was it that Sora fought in Hallow Bastion?

According to this wiki its was Xemnas

  A few days later, for reasons unknown, Xemnas arrived at Hollow
  Bastion. Being told by the Princesses of Heart of the power that they
  sensed while on his way to seal the world's Keyhole, Sora, Donald,
  Goofy, and Beast go to the abandoned area where they fought Maleficent
  to investigate, and soon encounter Xemnas. Intangible at first, Xemnas
  passes through Sora, causing him to experience many of his memories in
  rapid succession, before fully manifesting. Sora asks who the man is,
  and Goofy wonders if it is Ansem, and though Xemnas says he is
  familiar with the name, he refuses to clarify his identity. He then
  launches an energy attack at Sora, who manages to deflect it (with
  some difficulty). Xemnas remarks how Sora looks like "him" and thus an
  incomplete being, his words only confusing Sora. Xemnas then attacks
  the Keyblade wielder, intending to test his power.

That scene was also include in Kingdom Hearts Final Mix which was originally released in japan.
You can also see identify its Xemnas by the same weapon he wield.


Who has the highest bounty in One Piece?

The current highest active bounty is that of Charlotte Katakuri, one of the Three Sweet Commanders of Yonko Big Mom with a bounty of 1,057,000,000.

Taken from One Piece Wikia. One Piece Manga — Vol. 86 Chapter 860 (p. 14) is given as reference.


Manga with a girl having demons in her hands and hunts vampires

Crimezone fits most of your description, including the fact that they use the main character as bait, and that there were 7 "pure bloods".
According to mangaupdates, it's still ongoing, and last update was almost a year ago.
Synopsis from mangaupdates:

The people of Earth live in a society where vampires aren’t just real but dangerous. Although humanity has been able to keep them under control and even take the night away as the vampire’s natural habitat, some of them have adapted. Hesperides, a relatively new breed of vampires, have adapted over hundreds of years in order to be able to go outside during dusk when the sunlight is at its weakest and feast on humans.
Aburaya Shiro, a high school kid, lives in a town where there has not been a vampire attack in years, but adults keep warning them of going outside at dusk. Shiro and his classmates take this warning lightly and head out at dusk only to find out one of their classmates who they thought they knew well turns out to be a Hesperides. With all his classmates violently murdered, the only way Shiro was able to survive was with the help of a different classmate, Ichijoji Eruka, who doesn’t seem to be human herself.


Where is this image of a girl in a black top kissing a boy from?

After searching for an hour I found in a YouTube comment on the seventh page the name of it. I found out that it is not any anime or manga. It is a artwork from Sano Toshihide from the visual novel Queen Bonjourno! (Queenボンジョルの！).

If you like the picture, here is a bigger one...

This is a jpg image from a vector graphic from ZeroChan. If you want the same image you posted use this from ZeroChan.

  Juliet, a princess, was in love with the main character. But she took
  over the throne, and needed to work for the people, holding back her
  love toward him. One day, she finally crossed the line, and slept with
  him without knowing the impending threat from the neighboring
  countries…

  One thousand years later, they all meet again at a high school, as a
  student or as a teacher or as an older sister. The main character
  lives a peaceful life. But triggered by a meeting with a transfer
  student, his life changes dramatically. "I've been looking for you."
  The curtain on the battle for the main character raises...

Information from Visual Novel Database.

The female character is called Sakurazaka Meguru (桜坂 めぐる) and she is one of the main characters in the visual novel.

Image from ZeroChan.

The male character I could not find... Maybe you are the main character yourself? Or because they are often "uninteresting" for such type of games... If you know what I mean ;)


Was the Earth in the Gurren Lagann universe destroyed before?

It's important to note that Anti-Spirals were originally Spiral lifeforms. However:

 The Anti-Spirals realized the truth about the event called "Spiral Nemesis", an event in which the entire universe would be destroyed by an excess of Spiral power. Because of this, they purged themselves of Spiral power and became a collective consciousness (the black creature known as the Anti-Spiral).

The Anti-Spirals then made it their mission to ensure that no Spirals could contribute to this cataclysmic event; this included attacking Earth, where the Spiral lifeforms continued to live. However, they were unsuccessful:

The Anti-Spirals found heavy resistance on Earth, since this was the home of the native Spiral warriors. The Spiral warriors held off the Anti-Spirals, driving them back into space, before pushing further into Anti-Spiral territory.
   -- Anti-Spirals at the Gurren Lagann Wiki

Lordgenome, a powerful warrior, was the one who led the resistance against the Anti-Spirals and ultimately protected the Earth from destruction. However:

 Utterly immersed in the despair the Anti-Spiral had instilled within him, Lordgenome activated his most powerful weapon, the Cathedral Lazengann, and pushed humanity back to Planet Earth, determined to preserve the remaining spiral population by conceding to any demands the Anti-Spiral had. He constructed an imposing castle fortress called Teppelin, and created the Beastmen as enforcers to slaughter human beings living on the planet surface, driving them underground in hope their fear would keep them there along with burying the Lagann in the depths of the Earth's crust.
    -- Lordgenome at the Gurren Lagann Wiki

So, no, the Earth itself was never destroyed. The Anti-Spirals tried to obliterate the Spiral lifeforms, but they were not destroyed; they were only suppressed by Lordgenome in an effort to further the Anti-Spirals' protection of the universe.


What happens if a person can't die of a heart attack?

Mayo clinic defines heart attack as an obstruction of blood flow to the heart muscle, causing the body's natural blood pump to fail and/or die.

So a pacemaker won't save one from a heart failure once it happens, the device avoids them from happening (the real function is more complex, gugure kokkuri-san!).

Since a heart attack is a failure of the blood pump, it is safe to assume that a DN could make an artificial heart to fail as well.


Who were the people in Asuna's flashback in episode 18?

Possible spoilers for future episodes:

   Well, in the light novel, Asuna's mum keeps on trying to arrange her a marriage (yes, even after the Sugou incident) to a rich guy, and not someone like Kazuto. She wants Asuna to be the high class girl she was born as, and to stay that way.

 So those were probably the random rich guys her mum wanted to introduce, there was also a scene where she was talking at a table... that might have been her cousin that her mum also tried setting her up with.

 But it's alright, Asuna ends up showing her mum her log cabin on ALO, and it happens to look like the home her mum had lived in as a child (as the mum was born to a middle class family), blah blah blah, emotional moment, Asuna's mum relents and tells Asuna to try her hardest to get the person she loves, and she readily agrees.

 And Asuna x Kirito fans lived happily ever after.


What is the significance behind the apples and boxes?

I haven't seen it myself, but apples can often symbolize sexuality, temptation ("forbidden fruit") , fertility ("bearing fruit" as in your screenshot).

Connections can also be made to the stories of Adam & Eve and Sleeping Beauty.

The circular shape of an apple can also be a depiction of loops, or eternity - which is what it appears to be in Penguindrum:

   It is revealed in the finale that the apple is a metaphor for the Penguindrum, which seems to be Kanba's life, shared between the three siblings

(TVTropes)

This article is more indepth about the apples in Penguindrum


Did Meruem propose to Komugi by asking her to hold his hand?

My understanding is that Meruem never had any romantic feelings for Kogumi. What he felt was awe and maybe some admiration because:

1) She was a the weakest frail human he had ever seen. She was even blind and unable to take care of herself.
2) Yet she beat him everytime they played.
3) She wasn't afraid of him. She treated him like any other person.

She was someone precious to him in that regard (her caring nature mighr have played a part in it too)


If Inori could destroy the virus by singing why didn't she do it before?

Inori could only delay the effects of the virus. Exactly how long and to what extent, it is unknown. She has that ability because

   she is the patient zero of the virus, and the vessel for Mana, and that gives her some control over the virus.

Also in this episode, she is not quite herself, because

   Mana's consciousness implanted on Inori is beginning to surface. That is why she kills the students attempting to undress her, and why she stabs Arisa.

But I think maybe you are mistaking ep 11 with the ending, because

   It is Shuu's void power (absorb the problems of the world unto himself) that finally cleanses the world of the virus.

Alas at the very end she goes on and

   by symbolically accepting the "Guilty Crown", Shuu shares his fate with Inori, and then she removes the virus from him, along with the king power and the void powers (see note below). Inori then crystallizes and dies.

Footnote:

   Void powers were created by fragments of Mana inside the teenagers, once they were absorbed by Shuu, no one else had voids.


What type of weapon is Nnoitra's zanpakuto?

Nnoitra's zanpakuto, Santa Maria, is unique in regards to what type of weapon it is.

Unreleased, it resembles an axe with two crescents or a halberd, with it's edges rotated by 90 degrees.

But due to the placement of the blade edges, it resembles a scythe more so than an axe.

When released, it resembles a scythe:

But note that when he was the 8th-ranked Espada, his weapon resembled a staff with a giant crescent:

Note that it does a similar motif to the Chinese monk's spade (aka Crescent Moon Spade) weapon that's like a halberd.


How do mangaka draw the white lines in a black and white manga?

There are two ways of making white spaces when drawing; it's either by not inking that part, or plainly drawing with white-out. I don't know about the modern manga-kas but the ones working in traditional media use a fountain pen-type to ink. Though the fountain-pen they use normally don't have the ink inside it as the fountain-pens you can buy in normal stores; they have the drawing head and you dip it in ink, or in wite-out if that's the desired effect.

In practice, the white-out is acting like white ink.


Yes he did. Though It was not completely intentional. Specifically, he need a hole through his heart, because Madara placed a Seal on his heart, which he planned on using to control him. Obito later noted that He could not become the 10 tailed Jinchuriki because of that Seal. So Obito forced Kakashi use his Raikiri to pierce his Heart, destroying the seal. However, it was not a simple, let him do it kind of deal.

The Wiki unfortunately leaves out most of these details, but the Curse Mark's Entry on the Wiki has some of them, Its called The Forbidden Individual Cursed Tag. It forced Obito to not betray Madara, so in that respect, Obito could not just let it happen. However, he could indirectly let it happen, by forcing it, and otherwise weakening himself so that he could not stop it. In the Kamui Dimention, He could not use his intangibility, which would have been his main and possibly only solid defense against Raikiri. He also restricted his Chakra useage, saving it for the future battles in the war, rather then using it to win against kakashi, as he used almost no ninjutsu, and almost no Rinnegan techniques.


Tanegashima island is prominently featured, most probably due to the fact that:

The headquarters of JAXA, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, the Tanegashima Space Center spaceport is located at the southeastern end of the island.

About Tanegashima Space Center:

The Tanegashima Space Center (種子島宇宙センター Tanegashima Uchū Sentā) (TNSC) is a Japanese space development facility. It is located on Tanegashima, an island located 115 km south of Kyushu. It was established in 1969 when the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) was formed, and is now run by JAXA.
The activities that take place at TNSC include assembly, testing, launching and tracking of satellites, as well as rocket engine firing tests. It is Japan's largest space development center.

Tanegashima Space Center is featured not only in the 3 anime as mentioned in the question, but also in:

Empire Earth: The Art of Conquest
Pokémon Ruby, Sapphire, and Emerald (Mossdeep Space Center is based on TNSC)
5 Centimeters Per Second (features a rocket launch from TNSC)


What is the song playing in My Hero Academia season 4 episode 13 at 5:40?

Might*u - I'll never let you go again.
https://youtu.be/HzE4LzutZGs


How do Otonashi and Kanade remember Iwasawa's last song in their next life?

There could be a few explanations but I don't think it goes that deep. The idea for the anime did imply that their souls kind of ended up in that world temporarily and then, they left eventually. It's the same soul of the same person. There's no telling how do our memories actually act.

There is a hell lot of stuff up there in your subconscious but you are not aware of it. You only remember what is in your conscious part of brain. The rest of subconscious is vast and still there but only in a dormant form. You don't really know what it is. It is depicted in dreams and some abnormalities.

It's quite possible that the memories keep accumulating in one's subconscious as he goes through life.


What's the song when young Kureo Mado is facing the one-eyed owl on episode 2 of Root A?

Took me a bit of time to track it down, but managed to find it.
The song is called FUKUROU off the Tokyo Ghoul Root A soundtrack.

You can listen to it here


What is the name of the background music that plays before Kaori and Kousei's performance?

Adding to my previous comment on the question, the official website now has a page for the "Your Lie in April original song & soundtrack" (「四月は君の嘘 ORIGINAL SONG & SOUNDTRACK」). They have a full listing of the soundtrack there, but you cannot listen to it, nor even preview it.
So I did a quick search, and found this Amazon.co.jp page for the cd, where you can actually listen to a preview of every song.

Three songs seem to fit the one you want, given that two of them are only variations on the same theme. The one that does seem to be the exact match is called 友人A君を私の伴奏者に任命します (something in the lines of "I appoint Friend-A-kun as my accompanist"), and is the 18th track on the first cd. You can buy it individually here. The first variation is the 12th track on the first cd, called 今日のことは忘れられないよ (something like "I cannot forget that day"), which, once again, can be bought individually here. And the last one is 7th track on the second cd (or the 40th if you count them continuously, like Amazon does), called 分かりやすいヤツ (something like "Easy-to-understand guy"), which can also be bought individually, here


Why does the Super Saiyan Transformation expose the Heart to Impurity?

I'm not exactly sure if my answer is what you asking for, but Vegeta tells 19 that when they turn into super saiyan they tend to be more savage. For transforming for the first time you have to be very furious, and probably full of hatred. That might be why Super Saiyan expose the heart to impurity, since to be pure-hearted means to be a person with only good intentions


Getting a business-card after jumping from a sky-scraper

I believe you may be looking for Noragami.

The scene you described is in episode 4, where a guy tried to commit suicide by jumping off a rooftop.

The only part that doesn't fit your description, is that the guy jumped. He intended to jump, but "accidentally" fell instead.


In episode 1 of rokyubu, what is the manga that one of the characters is reading?

Upon closer examination, the manga she is reading is called Shoot!!.

(Click to zoom in.)

There is a real manga called Shoot!, but it is about soccer.

So, the answer would be that she is reading a fictional basketball manga titled Shoot!!.


Martial arts show with a character named Metsu

You are very likely looking for Shura no Toki.

  Legends tell of an invincible martial art known as Mutsu Enmei-Ryu, an unarmed style that allows the user to defeat any number of armed opponents using incredible speed and strength. This is the story of three generations of those who bear the name Mutsu, and their encounters and battles with the strongest fighters of their era.

The AniDB entry is tagged with Shinsengumi.


Can it be that Merus is the grand priest?

From Chapter 54 of the manga it turns out that Merus is not grand priest but rather an angel.


Why couldn't Goku use the Nimbus to rescue the Ox King from the fire?

It was most probably because Ox King did not have a pure heart, and so would not have been able to ride the Nimbus. Evidence for this is seen during the first meeting of Goku and Ox King, when rumors that Ox King murdered those who approached his castle for treasures (out of greed, of course) was confirmed by him when he admits his wrongdoings in front of Master Roshi.

Anyways, it is filler content and not part of the original manga, so no "official" explanation exists.


What is the name of the song that was playing in My Hero Academia Season 2 Episode 17 at 12:10?

“I Don’t Need Pretend Friends,” it’s the song that played while fighting Stain. Track 6 on the soundtrack for season 2.
Edit: I read the descriptions, and Todoroki vs Bakugo obstacle race is actually season 2 ep 2-3. I don’t remember that ost, so someone else can help. Fix your description too.


What happened to the Itachi Uchiha movie?

This is not a movie. The Itachi Shinden novels are being adapted to a TV release, which will air this spring. I didn't see information about it beginning in March.

The Naruto twitter account shared a link to TV Tokyo Naruto website which has a small trailer and information about the release, which seems to indicate that it will begin airing in Japan on April 7th.


Questions about the Korean dubbed Aria series and OPs

I don't have sources to cite for all of these, I can maybe come back later and add them if I find them.

The reasons songs aren't dubbed are because of the cost of a singer and the additional costs of licensing the rights to re-record the song. There's licensing the rights to simply translate the lyrics but redubbing the vocals would be a completely different recording. Re-recording often happens when the localized dubbed version is intended to be released, so people can buy the localized dub opening theme music (full length versions, etc).
As for the katakana missing from the title screen, this is probably entirely an artistic decision. The original 3 katakana fits nicely between the 4 western letters, but in the Korean version, there are only 3 Korean characters which only provides 2 slots for the dots inbetween the characters. They probably decided to make all the dots the same for both the English and Korean for consistency, instead of making the dots in the English word filled in with katakana and have them changed to just dots when the title screen transitioned to Korean. Additionally, they probably didn't want to people to think the katakana was really tiny Korean characters.
The director credits for localized versions usually mean the director of the acting. There's a director for the voice acting for a localized dub, just like there's a director for the voice acting in the original Japanese. And just like the recorded acting needs to be edited, mixed, engineered, etc into the final sound tracks in the original Japanese, the same thing needs to happen for a localized dub. I'm guessing that's what the director and editor credits are for.


No, Lavender Town Syndrome (LTS) is not real. It is an urban legend. Unfortunately, the internet loves itself a good urban legend, and determining truth from fiction (especially for an event from 1996) can be very difficult. This phenomenon was never mentioned on the anime itself, and did not really become well known until sometime around 2010.
What really happened?
The original Lavender Town theme music was a MIDI that was run on two channels (this is called a binaural effect), so that children wearing headphones would hear one thing out of one ear, and one out of the other. The two would theoretically combine in the brain to form a unique sound. The way the theme's multiple channels ran together, many children in the range 7-12 received migraine headaches.
However, there were not mass suicides over this. Wikipedia does not cite any unusual suicides in the 1990s (except an increase in adults due to economic recession).
The real consequences of the music are not well recorded. One source I found states that many children suffered seizures, and two were hospitalized. Another said there were four deaths from children falling or getting chest pain from the intensity of the headaches. But there is no evidence nor reports of a massive surge in child suicide as a result of this event, nor is there any substantial proof for these other reports.
In 1997, an episode of the Pokémon anime (YouTube) caused many seizures, which fueled the fire, but these two events are not to be confused.
In the American version, the MIDI was changed to single tone (I believe using crossfeed, or perhaps dithering), and the sound was tamed slightly.
The MIDI Frequency
A myth ((1)  (2) (3)) was started that there was an Easter Egg in the MIDI file such that the frequency track is in the shape of a ghost as well as Unowns spelling the words "Leave Now". However, the Unown was not seen until 1999. I also pulled the original Shion Town (Japanese name) theme song, which is only 6:22 long, and confirmed that there is no strange ghost anomaly in the frequency graph:

Summary
To summarize: Lavender Town Syndrome was not a real thing, and did not lead to mass suicides. It is true, however, that the binaural headphone effect of the original music (before it was changed for the EU and NA versions) could cause headaches and potentially other issues.


What is this leg accessory that Noelle wears?

Aren't those just called leg warmers? Other characters like Hinamori Amu (Shugo Chara), Kagamine Rin and Len (Vocaloid), and Rock Lee (Naruto) are known to wear them.


Why are there only 2 (known) parallel universes in Dragon Ball Z?

Alternate Timelines are not strict branches
Parallel universes can often mess with your mind if you're not careful. You need to pay careful attention to both where you are, what are the possibilities, and what has occurred to affect change. DBZ uses the alternate timeline version of time travel, so this means that many universes can exist, shown or not. A diagram will be easiest.
Timeline

There are actually 4 different timelines involved in the Cell/Trunks/Android Saga (excluding ones created/changed by time travel).
Cell to DBZ
The first timeline is one in which the Androids have ravaged the earth, and cause chaos. All of the main heroes have died, and Trunks (I'm calling him Trunks "killed") is left to fend for himself. He travels back in time to an alternate DBZ timeline (one we don't see or know much about, but there is only 1 version of Cell in this timeline) to give Goku the medicine. Presumably, he defeats the androids and/or give Goku the medicine, then travels back to his own timeline. At this point, he (Trunks "killed") is killed by Cell (who is the main Cell in the series), and Cell (main) steals his time machine to travel back in time.
Trunks to DBZ
Cell (main), travels to the known DBZ timeline from the show. He shows up and that process starts. Trunks (the one called Future Trunks often, the one in the show and in History of Trunks) meanwhile, in his own, future timeline (likely related, see below), also travels back in time, also to the current DBZ known timeline, to warn about the Androids. When he arrives, there are 2 Cells in this timeline, the main one, and one that already existed. The one that is native to this timeline (called Present Cell often), is destroyed with the destruction of the lab by Future Trunks, and Krillin.
Loose Ends
Blah, blah, blah. Cell saga continues until Cell (main) is destroyed. At this point, Future Trunks, travels back to his own timeline, and there, already knows about, and destroys the Cell in that timeline (Future Cell). In total, there were:

5 Cells (the forth is never mentioned, but likely grew into a full Cell later in the alternate DBZ timeline; fifth is assuming Future Trunks' timeline is derivative, see below)
4 timelines
2 Trunks from the Future
2 Trunks from the present
2 time machines

The question: Why?
So why did Trunks arrive in the same Universe as Cell? Well, that's easy. He did, and he didn't. He arrived in the timeline we were shown (the main DBZ continuity), but the previous Trunks arrived in one in which the Future Cell had not arrived yet. The theory of alternate timelines often involves time travel on a single thread. That is, Future Trunks' universe likely existed from a timeline branch in which Cell (main) had already arrived. When Future Trunks traveled back in time, he was traveling to his past, which included Cell (main) being there, but none of the events that had been set into motion to lead to his timeline. His presence then altered the timeline to include the events we saw, and to not include the ones that lead to his time.
Basically, if Trunks didn't go back in time, things could have happened in a way which lead to Trunks going back in time, which caused the series of events in which we saw. Simple, right?
What happened to Cell (main) in Future Trunks' timeline?
We don't know. Likely something. But we don't have anything to state what might have happened.


What was Zaimokuza's role in Hachiman's scheme to elect Iroha?

I don't really remember how the anime showed it, but in the light novel Hachiman and Zaimokuza both split up the Twitter accounts between them. Then the night before the day that Hachiman shows the printouts to Irohasu, he had actually called Zaimokuza to change the accounts' display name and images to "Isshiki Iroha Grassroots Account". Understandably Zaimokuza was not very enthusiastic about it, and only agreed after he was convinced that he wouldn't be blamed for it.

That phone call is right in the beginning of chapter 8 of volume 8. So yeah the 'switch' part wasn't done by Hachiman himself. He did take the printouts later though.


Is Komamura the only shinigami who has an animal-like appearance?

From the List of Shinigami, Komamura Sajin with his wolf/dog-like appearance is the only one, although:

   Yoroichi comes close, with her cat-form, that she "prefers" to be in.


What are the original memes mentioned in Steins;Gate?

Some of the phrases are explained at the Steins;Gate wiki's Real-Life References and Glossary.

Regarding the phrase「エル・プサイ・コングルゥ」(El Psy Congroo), according to Anime News Network, FutureGadgetLab is the anime's official Twitter account. According to a tweet by FutureGadgetLab, Okabe Rintarou (lab member #1) explains it as 「お前の胸の中にあるもの。それが答えだ。俺の中ではKONGROOが正しい。『俺の中では』な。《001》」, which you could translate as "It's something that's in your heart. That's my answer. When it's inside me, KONGROO is right. 'When it's inside myself,' y'know." So either the author is being intentionally obtuse (i.e., writing in character), or there is not a specific meaning for it, or the author of the tweet (whoever at the company was assigned to manage the Twitter feed by posting as the various lab members) didn't know what the meaning is. next_tales's answer given at Yahoo Japan's 知恵袋 (chiebukuro, bag full of wisdom) website also says that there is a notation stating that the phrase has no meaning in the 『ＳＴＥＩＮＳ；ＧＡＴＥ─シュタインズゲート─ 円環連鎖のウロボロス』 (Closed Chain of Ouroboros) novel. It does not seem like Japanese fans know the meaning and it is not a general meme in Japanese society. According to the ネット王子 (Netto Ouji, Net Prince) website, the phrase has no meaning but as a result of its use in this series, it has become an internet meme used by Japanese people in their online communications. So to boil that all down, 「エル・プサイ・コングルゥ」 wasn't a preexisting meme used by Steins;Gate, but it became a real meme as a result of Steins;Gate. (Though it is not a meme, the use of Dr. Pepper in Steins;Gate likewise pushed the soda into popularity in Japan  [I can actually find it in a vending machine here in Hokkaido now, all thanks to Hououin Kyouma, but see these links: 1  2  3]).

I'd love to hear further answers to this thread's question.


What are the dots on Danichirou's forehead?

I believe those are called bindi. They signify the third eye or the chakra of wisdom.

According to wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bindi_%28decoration%29, people wear it as a fashion statement nowadays...


According to the wiki All for One has between 21 to 28 Quirks:

  All For One
  Search
  Warping
  Air Cannon
  Springlike Limbs
  Forcible Quirk Activation
  Impact Recoil
  Infrared Ray
  Air Walk
  Longevity
  Proliferation
  Hypertrophy
  Rivet
  Bonespear

  There is Four Kinetic Booster Quirks and three Strength Enhancement
  Quirks. (the wiki only mentions this)

  It is also possible that he possessed some, if not all of following
  Quirks:

  Absorption and Release
  Tongue Web
  Muscle Enlargement
  Pterodactyl
  Tool Arms
  Shock Absorption
  Super Regeneration


There is information about him, albeit his name was never mentioned.

In Itachi Shinden: Book of Bright Light

  “My dad died in Nine Tails’s attack.” .. “Oh! My dad’s not an Uchiha. My mom’s Uchiha. After my dad died, we came back to the clan, and I became an Uchiha, too,” Izumi told him, as if reading his mind.
                                                                        “Is there a connection between your father’s death and the sharingan?” “Yeah.” Izumi sighed, and met Itachi’s eyes. Her own had returned to normal. “I was there with my dad when he died. He died right in front of me. He was protecting me. So I …” Tears ran down her cheeks. “It was like, if I just had more power, my dad wouldn’t have had to die … During the funeral, and the whole time after that, I blamed myself. ‘If only I had more power,’ I said.”


How are Engrish/language barrier jokes dealt with in English dubs?

The answer for Kiniro Mosaic is that ... the anime was never dubbed in English so they never had to worry about it.

More generally, it will depend a lot on the way the dubbing company chooses to localise it, which in turn often depends on the expected audience for the dub. In the case of Azumanga Daioh, for example, the English jokes were made into Spanish ones instead, capturing the same general idea of the joke.

Another example I wanted to dig up was Excel Saga, which has a couple of scenes with notoriously (and, given the nature of the show, almost certainly deliberately) bad English (e.g. "General, she got it!" which in the English subtitles of the Japanese subtitles is translated as "General, I think she understands what we're saying"). The ADV dub treated these in different ways in different scenes, which feels quite on-brand for the show - some of the lines were just dubbed with proper English, losing that part of the joke; other lines were switched into another language, like in Azumanga; one line is given a complete non-sequitur joke that actually refers back to the Japanese version; and one section, where the joke in the original is that the English doesn't even relate to the scene (and is mostly made up of clichéd sentences that Japanese speakers might recognise, like "Give me chocolate") is left in its original form with the original voice actors.


Well,

   Black Zetsu, which is the embodiment of Madara's willpower and thought (Yin), stated that he had indeed transplanted these eyes into him when he was a boy. When or how isn't stated, one can only speculate that Madara used White Zetsu or some other Zetsu for it.


Lets first see what happens on Sabaody Archipelago.

Chapter 508
Kizaru arrives on the island, searching for Sentoumaru. Since he couldn't find Sentoumaru straight away, he gets bored and when Kizaru is bored, he

  Couldn't possibly just leave a bounty head like this sitting around...

So that's why he started attacking the super novas in the first place. He didn't really intend to do so otherwise. He wasn't ordered to do so and had bigger fish to fry.

Chapter 510
Kizaru finally contacts Sentoumaru and goes after the Strawhats.

Chapter 511
Kizaru finally meets with the Straw Hats, but is kept busy by Rayleigh.

So to summarize. They got away, because Kizaru never told the Marines about the supernova's presence. The Marines didn't know about their presence so they never ordered Kizaru to arrest them. He only attacked them, because he was bored anyway. I think he really only does what he is ordered to. He and Kuzan are the lazy type like that. Secondly, Rayleigh kept him busy for some time, giving them time to escape.


Unfortunately, it was Izaya that ordered them to hurt Anri, which happened in the Akane arc.

  Varona arrives at their hideout and Sloan tells her of another job given to them by Izaya Orihara to neutralize, but not kill, Anri Sonohara

As for the reason, it was not mentioned, but it was probably to make sure she would not interfere with Haruna Niekawa as she controlled the Saika children.

Another reason is that Haruna Niekawa wants revenge on Anri and also wants to know the location of Takashi Nasujima. Izaya has promised her both. So it would be logical for Izaya to use Varona to fulfill his promise to Haruna.


What's the meaning of the 'Out' suffix in "Mental Out" and "Skill Out"?

Looking at the kanji name of the 'mental out' attack,'心理掌握,' a literal translation could be something like 'mind arrangement manipulation grip' (source).

So where did the 'out' come from? Presumably, as Nolonar suggested in the comments, it came from the 'out' in 'knock-out,' which would be in line with a fighting theme.

As for the 'out' in 'Skill-out,' it probably has something to do with the fact that the organisation is made up of those 'without' psychic abilities ('out' is in this case like it is in the phrase 'out of,' which signifies a lack of something).


What spelling is Caster using to refer to Joan?

Joan is just the English version of the French name Jeanne, both of which are female forms of the Biblical name John.

In the original Japanese, Caster refers to Saber as ジャンヌ jannu, which is the Japanese pronunciation of French "Jeanne". English "Joan" would be ジョーン jōn. I haven't seen the English dub, but I imagine that Caster is using the French version there, too.

Given that Caster is Bluebeard (i.e. Gilles de Rais, who was a French person), it makes sense that he would use the French version of the name rather than the English version.


Does "Seton" have any particular meaning?

It's likely named after a wildlife illustrator/writer and naturalist named Ernest Thompson Seton. His animal stories works such as, Wildlife I Know, Biography of the Gray Bear, and The Life of Hunted Things are collectively referred to as "Seton Animal Stories" in Japan.


So far I believe we have only seen a sort of evolution happen once and this was in the Pokemon Adventures manga.

  Shedinja first appeared when Aqua Admin Amber, having been deprived of his Pokémon after being abandoned by Archie, borrows a Nincada from his comrade Shelly, which then immediately evolves into a Ninjask, putting Wattson in quite a pinch with the incredible speed it gained by the minute. Although the old Gym Leader eventually managed to defeat it, a Shedinja formed from the shell Ninjask shed and attacked him from behind, sending him sinking into the ocean.

In the highlighted part, it states that the Shedinja formed from the shell of the defeated Ninjask shed. This also does explain why Shedinja is a Ghost Pokemon instead of a Flying Pokemon like Ninjask.

So my final conclusion is that in the story for a Shedinja to be created, a Ninjask has to be defeated/die.

Source: Bulbapedia


How did Kamui's last act save the world?

It is possible that he gave his all to the barrier so that it would be powerful and save the planet. A dying wish or something like that... It looked like that to me.


Why do characters always wear the same clothes?

There's many reasons -

Many manga artists draw all their characters with a standard male or standard female face.  The only way then to distinguish their characters is by hair style and clothing, if they wear a recognizable outfit.
Branding - as other people said, characters become more recognizable, like a brand when they always wear the same clothes.
Coming up with new outfits is hard.  Manga artists have really strict deadlines, so it's important for them to save time when they can, and designing new outfits that aren't terrible take time.
For those manga that have the same clothes all the time, their intended audience isn't really interested in fashion, and fashion isn't really a focus of the manga, and so it's not really worth it to invest time/effort in coming up with new outfits anyways.

I actually think more economical merchandising is not a motivating factor.  For every outfit you come up with you can sell another toy to the same group of people who bought the last toy (Look at Card Captor Sakura, with lots of merchandise of her many outfits).

Shoujo manga publishers are much more likely to pressure artists into drawing new clothes regularly because they're more likely to have a storyline relating to fashion (like all those "become an idol" manga), and their intended audience is more likely to be interested in fashion (why else would they be reading a manga where that's a focus?)  For example, I know for a fact though the manga author for Skip Beat! was not particularly interested in fashion, she was pressured to come up with new trendy outfits for her characters since she was, after all, writing a manga about movie stars.


What do the names represent in Koe no Katachi soundtrack?

The 3-letter title was used as an identification code when Ushio (the composer) was composing the music and getting feedback in the movie production. [1]

Although it's a premise of concept-based composition, at first, like my ordinary work, my job was to write a whole song and gave it to them. Since the song would be selected according to the movie scene, I put a 3-letter title as an identification code.

... while it doesn't answer the question at all, that's the very reason why he chose to use it. [1]

Because it's not based on orders, I wanted them to use it without giving any pretext such as "this is the meaning of the song". With that remnant, I also wanted the listener of the soundtrack to have same thought.

However, Ushio explained that it's not random at all. [1]

However, it's not a random 3-letter word. "htb", the 12th song on 1st disc, is another version of "heartbeat" from the 1st song on 2nd disc. The hints are more or less there.

The first and the most important song is "inv". [2]

While Bach's Inventions can be considered as a musical excersise for fingering, at the same time, at that time period, it's also a collection of song to understand the beauty of clavier (i.e. piano) song. After it's understood, it became a base to create such a beautiful clavier song. I thought it's matching with the movie's theme. Therefore, the "Invention" was played along the whole movie. That become the "inv" tracks.
Since "Invention" can be analyzed (separated) into 3-part, I also separated the movie into 3 parts. Each part has its own "Invention". However, "inv" is not a whole "Invention" itself, but it depends on the context of the movie. For example, when somebody said "This scene's "inv" uses only the tone row of "Invention" part 1", I disassembled and rebuilt the song.

(Spoiler ahead: the meaning of the song related to the movie, including the ending)

 After Shouya overcame his guilt in primary school, he created a new way of communication. The story is about "communication practice", so I used musical exercises. The song was based on creating a whole new world when practising the communication. When thinking about it, Bach's Inventions (Inventions and Sinfonias) came to my mind.

 Regarding the ending, when Shouya and Shouko entered the cultural festival, the last-7 measure of "Invention" was played, and that's the first time the whole figure of "Invention" was known. At that time, Shouya's "practice" was over.

The only other title which was explained was "lit" [1]

The last song "lit", which was only played 2 times, means "light". This movie, which is about achieving the light, ended with this song attached.

[1]: Interview after the screening (Japanese)
[2]: Interview on official site (Japanese)


What song is playing in DBS Episode 130 at around 9:40?

Found the song, from the original soundtrack vol. 2. "The Power to Resist"


Why Orochimaru tries to steal other people's bodies instead of just reincarnating into his own offspring?

Simply using bodies identical to his own would run counter to his obsession to learn every jutsu there is.

Consider two of his potential hosts that we saw in the series Kimmimaro and Sasuke.

Kimmimaro was the last of the Kaguya clan and the only person left with the ability to use bone techniques making him the only chance for Orochimaru to acquire them though Kimmimaro's terminal illness ultimately made him unsuitable.

Then we have Sasuke stemming from his desire to obtain Sharingan and their ability to copy jutsu on sight which would allow him to easily expand his repertoire.


What effect does Kairoseki's have on Haki?

Kairoseki has no effect on haki. Rayleigh could use Haki while being chained in the auction house ( during the sabaody archipelago arc).Also haki is inborn quality in every living thing in one piece world as said by Rayleigh. And kairoseki only affects devil fruit users. Non devil fruit users are not affected by kairoseki. So they can use haki however they like still being chained.


How can I quickly understand the basics of Naruto and the story without watching all 300+ episodes?

Although I strongly advise against not watching/reading them, there are some shortcuts to take.

You could read episode summaries.
As one of your main options it gives a good insight on the story, though not specifically into the terms used in the story. But those aren't too hard to catch onto when watching the second season.
Watch the Naruto abridged series.
Shortens a ton of episodes to just a mere 5 minutes, but still covering a bunch of key points. But there is a lot of parody involved, causing it not to be 100% accurate. It also does not cover the key terminology in the series.
Watch the anime without the anime-only arcs.
Just go watch the season without watching all the anime-only arcs. Greatly reducing the episode count, as you can skip the following episodes, which reduces the original 220 episodes with roughly 80 episodes. On the provided site they also have a list for the Shippuuden series, also reducing the non-canon content in there.

  Episodes 102—106: Naruto and Team 7 go to the Land of Tea to help Idate Morino win a race.
  Episodes 136—141: Naruto, Sakura, and Jiraiya, while investigating Orochimaru's whereabouts, encounters the Fūma clan.
  Episodes 142—147: Naruto helps Iruka catch the escaped convict, Mizuki.
  Episodes 148—151: Naruto and Team 8 look for the bikōchū beetle in the hopes that it will lead them to Sasuke Uchiha.
  Episodes 152—157: Naruto and Team Guy deal with Raiga Kurosuki and his Kurosuki family.
  Episodes 159—160: Naruto, Kiba, and Hinata help Sazanami clear his name.
  Episodes 162—167: Naruto, Neji, and Tenten go to the Land of Birds to deal with a mysterious ghost.
  Episodes 169—173: Anko Mitarashi takes Naruto, Ino, and Shino to the Land of the Sea to find information on Orochimaru.
  Episodes 175—176: Naruto is again paired up with Kiba and Hinata in order to improve their teamwork.
  Episodes 178—183: Naruto and Team Guy go to Hoshigakure to help the villagers protect their sacred star.
  Episodes 187—191: Naruto, Hinata, and Chōji go to the Land of Vegetables to protect some peddlers from the Criminal Brothers.
  Episodes 195—196: Guy is forced to deal with Yagura's apparent attempts at revenge.
  Episodes 197—201: The Konoha 11 stop Gennō from destroying Konoha.
  Episodes 203—207: Kurenai temporarily leaves Team 8 to take care of some old business with Yakumo Kurama.
  Episodes 209—212: Naruto, Lee, and Sakura help transfer a member of the Shinobazu to prison.
  Episodes 213—215: Naruto helps Menma regain his memory.
  Episodes 216—220: The Konoha 11 go to Sunagakure to help rescue Matsuri from the Four Celestial Symbols Men.

  Source: Naruto Wiki: Naruto Plot

Read full episode summaries as written by fans.
Although this most definitely will take longer then just taking your time and read the manga. you could give Full Naruto Episode Summaries a shot. They describe the episode in details, and also include the key information of the episodes.

I personally think that it would be the best shortcut to just read the manga if you want to have a proper start in the series. The original Naruto is covered in a mere 238 chapters, after all, which for me only took about a week and a half to read, while the episodes took me roughly a year to watch through. Or, you could just go ahead and take the risk and jump in mid-series, just Google or take for granted the terms you do not know yet, and try to get into the story that way. Either way, its all up to you.