How could Madara free himself from the Impure World Resurrection technique, while Tobirama can't?

When Madara frees himself of the Edo Tensei, he performs the seal. But in the case of Tobirama, you can see that in the first attempt he only tries to crush the wall. Also in the next page you can read this:

Hashirama: You increased the restraining power using my cells.
Tobirama: Now that I sense better, his body is almost made of my brother's cells.

So Madara was able to free himself because no one restrained him before he performed the seal; in the case of Tobirama, he tried to destroy the wall first and Orochimaru was able to restrain him with the increased restraining power he has.


MyAnimeList claims that Ray is a side-story of Black Jack, while Wikipedia takes the more conservative approach of just saying that they're related. However, it's not clear whether Ray is canon material in the Black Jack universe (and if so, in what sense). In any case, Ray mangaka Yoshitomi Akihito is on good terms with the current license-holders of Black Jack, and has produced his own version based on the original but with his own artwork.

  Because of copyright reasons, Black Jack was only alluded to as BJ and never seen fully in the original manga, but because the anime was produced by Osamu Tezuka's own studio he is able to appear fully in the anime (though still somewhat obscured) and be referred to by his original name. Interestingly, in Black Jack 21, the sequel to the Black Jack anime, Black Jack was referred to as "BJ" by the assassins hell bent on killing him.

As far as I can tell, there's no official word on what the relation between the two are, so it's sort of a matter of opinion whether it's a sidestory or just a homage. My opinion is that, by animating Ray, it was more-or-less retconned into the Black Jack universe, or at least some alternate universe, so I think it can be elevated to the level of a sidestory. However, that was a decision made by whoever the current rights-holders are for Black Jack, and while it's valid in a legal sense some might argue that it shouldn't be considered a side-story but a homage. Tezuka manga purists could very-well object and describe it differently, as everything related to Ray (manga beginning in 2004) happened well after Tezuka's death in 1989.


How does time travelling work in attack on titan?

No one can time travel forward or backwards in time. At least, not yet.
When Eren and Zeke were watching Grisha’s memories, they noticed that Grisha didn’t want to kill the Reiss family. Eren inherited the Attack titan from Grisha, and so he was able to transfer future memories to Grisha because every titan shifter is connected to Paths, and it’s because Grisha and Eren have the same titan that he is able to send them. He shows Grisha those memories and is able to speak to him, essentially manipulating him to do the dirty work of killing the Reiss family.
However, I do have a theory that time travel is possible. When Eren wakes up from his dream in the first chapter, he tell Mikasa that her hair became longer. He is crying but never tells why he is. I believe that when Eren was able to fully use the founding titan, he either sent his memories to past Eren (which is unlikely because he doesn’t have the Attack titan, unless Eren was able to send them to past Eren because he is an Eldian), or he was reborn into a new timeline where he wakes up from dreaming all of his memories, sort of like Bunny Girl Senpai, and redoes everything because he must have failed at something to make him restart. This explains why Eren says she has longer hair, Mikasa has short hair in the recent manga chapters.


Why does Tobi have a Sharingan with Kamui ability after having used Izanagi?

Tobi assisted Itachi in the Uchiha clan massacre, and collected several Sharingan eyes of the dead Uchiha clan members. He must have implanted one of these Sharingan eyes in his left eye socket.

During the battle with Konan, he has two Sharingan eyes. He did not use his original right eye for the Izanagi, but the left eye, which can be seen "losing its light" (closing) as he is talking to Konan. See images below (taken from Chapter 510).


My guess is that kurollo stole someone's nen at some point that allows him to personally place the tattoo on someone's body without actually tattooing them. My understanding of texture surprise is that it resembles the texture and feel of the actual substance not that of a paper and since his nen type is transmutation,he also has strong affinity with the 2 neighboring groups which are conjuring and enhancing. Texture surprise is actually a conjuring ability,he probably conjures a layer of skin like material over a cloth or maybe just transmutes his aura into a skin like material over the cloth and combines it with bungee gum to stick it(It is highly likely to be the former one).

He may have fooled the members because he's skilled enough to do it, Machhi once said that he's so fast that even her eyes couldn't believe it when he applied texture surprise over his scars on his hand after she finished stitching his hand. Kurollo may not have expected anyone to be foolish enough to actually challenge them because of their reputation as a ruthless bandit group and since the entire group was probably there during his "acceptance" into their group he may have let his guard down and not noticed the fake skin.

But other than that, it's anime logic since it's important for the plot development to take place.


Anime involving astronauts training underwater

Episode 20 of Planetes features an isolation test and they have to build a model of the ship that will take them to Jupiter:

Additionally, during that episode, in order to test the isolation adaptability of the candidates, they turned off the oxygen and watched as team after team hit their emergency buttons without having a way to cope

And the way the main character's team dealt with the issue was turn down the temperature so that they use less oxygen:


Has Shoji Kawamori ever commented on Robotech?

As per wiki :

  Series writer/actor Greg Snegoff said in an interview on the now-defunct Shadow Chronicles News fansite that, "afterward, we received compliments from the Japanese who thought our dialogue and stories were better than the original". However, Animag magazine (issue 11) and Animerica magazine (issue 9, volume 4) reports that the staff of Macross at Studio Nue and Artland, such as the original story creator and mecha designer Shoji Kawamori and chief director Noboru Ishiguro, expressed their concern over the Robotech adaptation, and surprise at its differences.

So it seems that he raised concerns about the same, and acknowledged the presence of Robotech

Further can be noticed in the interview clip here


Can you manipulate someone's thoughts with the death note?

My take on this, is that it could be possible, but not to much use.

Based on the content shown in the series, you can only specify his cause of deaths, and the events leading up to it.

But since it would all result in death regardless, and the victim seems to be able to do nothing when they run out predefined actions.

However, it is shown that the book can order people to commit suicide. The look on people's faces seems a bit like they are aware they will end their own lives soon, so maybe it is possible, in extention.

Only thing I can say with certain, is that you would need to give it a try:

From How to Use: VI

  The specific scope of the condition for death is not known to the gods
  of death, either. So, you must examine and find out.


I was looking for the same track as you when I heard it on air! The music was composed by MOSAIC.WAV and the OST was finally released a few weeks ago.
The track you're looking for is no. 15: 優しいめぐねえありがとう (Yasashii Megu-nee Arigatou)

There are a few other tracks I wish made it on, but they're going to release a 2nd volume on November 26.


Why does Shurelia appear in Misha's and Aurica's Cosmosphere's?

It's because Shurelia's will and personality can subconsciously seep in trace amounts into the other Reyvateils' Cosmospheres due to her being the Tower Administrator and residing into the Tower's Binary Field.

That said, she herself can't consciously see the events taking place in the Cosmospheres or interfere in them because her SH Server (the storage device where the Cosmospheres are lodged) is separate from Beta-6D's, which is the one where all other Reyvateils have their minds stored. And since the Beta-6D SH Server was added after her Administrator training was complete, she doesn't have any power to interfere with it either

(Reference: http://artonelico.wikia.com/wiki/ARM_Backup/Ar_Portal_translation/Toukousphere/Issue_46)


(Answer edited to fit what was discussed in the comments as well)

TL;DR: Whether or not the message Okabe sent is a D-Mail isn't something he has control over, at least not at the beginning of the series. The conditions just happened to be right when he sent the message that ended up becoming the first D-Mail.

First condition/coincidence:

We are told early in the story that Daru was experimenting on the microwave, having his own cellphone wired to it instead of the dedicated one, when Okabe sent him the message. It is safe to assume that he was trying to get the microwave running with its door open, because it is one of the key conditions to sending a D-Mail (learnt in episode 3), and nothing would have happened otherwise.

It has been pointed out that Daru tells us about his experiments on the microwave in the second timeline, not in the first one, which is true. However, given that the first ever D-Mail was complete gibberish and was dismissed by Daru, we can speculate that the livelihood of the group was not impacted at all by it.
The only impact this D-Mail really had is:

  The SERN caught on it, which eventually led to them developping a functionning time machine as well marking the start of the "Time War", and finally to Suzuha's abrupt landing on the rooftop of the conference center.

It would then be safe to assume that the group's actions, from the D-Mail being received and dismissed by Daru to Okabe wandering alone in the evacuated area, haven't been impacted at all and that therefore Daru has been conducting the same experiments on the microwave at around the same time in these two timelines.
This is only speculation, but it is realistic and coherent with the rest of the story.

Second condition/coincidence:

Later in the show you learn about the second conditon for sending D-Mails which explains why they can only be sent during a certain period of the day:

   The shop owner recently placed a cathode ray TV just in the right spot below their microwave. This is the reason why D-Mails weren't happening before, and can now only happen when the shop owner turns it on and it fires electrons into the microwave.

Since we assume that Daru was conducting experiments on the microwave around that time it is also safe to assume that the second condition was fulfilled, as otherwise Daru probably wouldn't have been conducting these experiments in the first place.


Who are the ninjas Team 7 is fighting with in Naruto Shippuden Ending 32?

As I said in the comments, I have a theory about the identity of these bad guys.

Because this was an ending of a canon episode, I would say they didn't exist in the Naruto universe. But if we take a closer look they are wearing Konoha's clothes and ANBU's mask. So these bad guys, I think they are ANBU's  ninjas (even though some times they don't wear these outfits) who are "chasing" Sasuke.

Also I noticed that these masks are similar to the mask that Orochimaru found in the Uzumaki Clan's Mask Storage Temple.

Anyone with more information, please don't hesitate to change this post. :)


What is Kotetsu trying to parody with the fundamentals of photography?

This is a reference to the manga Kyuukyoku Chojin R (究極超人あ〜る), a gag manga running from 1985-1987 published in Shuukan Shounen Sunday (the same magazine Hayate runs in) about a robot student named R who joins a photography club.
More specifically, it's a reference to the somewhat well-known scene in the first chapter of volume 8, titled 「これは基本だ」 ("These are the fundamentals"), in which a couple club members get into an argument about what the most important principles are to follow during photography. Here's the relevant 2-page spread (click for full-size):

You can see that the third panel on the left page is obviously a similar posture to the one in the image from Hayate. The text there and in the next panel translates to:

These are the fundamentals of photography!
"Triumph through backlighting!"
"Divide the world in thirds!"
"Never use direct sunlight!"
"Overhead empty margins are the enemy!"

This is basically exactly what Kotetsu says as well. I don't have access to an untranslated version of Hayate no Gotoku chapter 495, but it's clearly the same principles being said, and quite possibly the exact same dialogue in Japanese.
Incidentally, this scene itself has a reference to Kodak Tri-X film. The right page contains the phrase 「トライＸで万全」 ("Perfection through Tri-X"), which is used a bit satirically to refer to people who believe that film quality alone will lead to great pictures. This part of the scene is probably a bit more well-known, an has been referenced as well, most notably in Genshiken Nidaime:


Could Evil containment wave defeat Jiren?

Master Roshi freed Vegeta from the container by direction his "missed" attack towards the container. Vegeta was in his super saiyan blue form, but was able to get free after master roshi broke the seal from outside. Meaning it is strong enough to at least hold a super saiyan god captive.

We also know that Zamasu was only able to break free because Goku forgot the seals for the container. Zamasu was strong enough to kill all the gods. This basically means that someone stronger than the gods can be sealed as well when sealed properly.

So to sum it up, yes Jiren can be sealed. Mafuba has no limits as it forces an entity into the container. The only way to get out of it is by breaking the seal.

Click here for more info about the Mafuba.


After Orochimaru revives the 4 kage how does Minato know how to use Kurama chakra mode?

It seems to be Kurama's Yin half within Minato noted that Naruto's actions and speech about his father was touching enough to move this half of it. This allowed the fourth to use Kurama's chakra. There was no need of tug war since Kurama willingly cooperated. It was not planing to take over anybody body or break free.

Re quote  from the link above from the first paragraph of Birth of the Ten-Tails' Jinchūriki:

  Meanwhile, as their battle strategy unfolded, Kurama's Yin half within Minato noted that Naruto's actions and speech about his father was touching enough to move this half of it. Yin-Kurama also told Minato to disregard Obito's words as he was not responsible for any of those tragedies and that instead of leaving his son to do it, he should also act. Later, when Naruto and Minato bumped fists, Yin and Yang-Kurama came in contact with each other, with Yang-Kurama greeting its other half casually and asking it to share its chakra, which led Yin-Kurama to note that asking itself for chakra was an odd situation. Nonetheless, when the father-son duo prepared to deal with Obito, the two halves of Kurama also bumped fists as they prepared to initiate their strategy. As their chakra begin to meld, the two halves conversed about Minato and Naruto, leading Yin-Kurama to comment that Naruto must have had some upbringing to treat a tailed beast as a comrade.


Why were the Dragon Knights trying to kill the Dragon Torc?

I would assume what they were hoping for is that Noein would no longer be able to attain Haruka and confirm the existence of Shangri La, with the hopeful outcome.  As stated in the show, no one knows what would happen if Haruka was killed.  Any and all futures would be possible, confirming their own dimensions existence and stopping its destruction.

My problem with the 'observer' idea is that she saw Lacryma first, wouldn't that confirm its existence above Shangri La's?


How is this game where you write a kanji on your hand supposed to work?

It was indeed explained more fully in the manga in volume 3, chapter 18.

Origin of the "game"

Yes, the most people writing the same character win, and yes, you can theoretically write any kanji character there is, as long as you explain how you could make the race more exciting with the idea represented by that kanji.

Hijiri and Raimu both won, but Hijiri was especially excited because in the manga,

   it took the girls 15 minutes to play the game to decide on what to do at the school festival, and Hijiri was the only one who wrote a different kanji character in that first round of vote so she felt kind of a loner.

And in the Battle of the Red Cliff, only Zhou Yu was in charge of carrying out the fire attacks because Wu had more military power and was more hard-pressed for survival, just like Hijiri is compared to Raimu.

Lastly, I believe it to be an error on the part of the sub group to translate what Rin wrote as "silver" (銀) when in fact she wrote "bells" (鈴).


Why does Zamasu know Goku in the future?

Edit, Tl;DR Zamasu from Future Trunks Timeline is likely Zamasu from the regular timeline, who learned about Goku from Shin, and then traveled into Future Trunks timeline because Shin (and therefor Berus) was dead. This then caused Future trunks to travel back in time in the first place.

I do not know how to add pictures, or I would, but the full chain (if the manga will indeed show the same main events as the anime) was likely completed in the most recent chapter of the Manga.

There is the anime's version to consider though, so I will note both, starting with the anime.

In the Anime, It is basically due to a time loop. Future trunks goes to the past, bringing Black with him, who then fights Goku. Goku then learns about and visits/spars with Zamasu. It is here Zamasu learns about Goku in the anime.

Zamasu then went and learned about Goku from the guy who knows everything, as well as the super dragonballs. He then uses them to wish for either immortality, or an ally like Goku. He then likely used the ring of time to skip ahead and gather them again, quickly wishing for the other wish.
He then finds the timeline where Berus is no more, and goes there so that there is no one to stop him from killing Humanity.

The Manga version of the story is not as detailed, But if we are to assume that the main plot points of the manga will be identical to the anime, then we have a better version of the loop thanks to the most recent chapter.

In chapter 16, page 36, Zamasu is talking with Our own Kaioshin, Shin, and Kibito, after sparing with Kibito, about how they took out Majin Buu. Shin brings up the fact that he only helped Goku and the other Z Warriors do so. Zamasu at this time learns of goku and how powerful he is. This is all we know in the Manga so far, but we can probably assume the details will play out like in the anime, so he will likely soon go and try to learn about goku from the guy who knows everything soon.

There are 2 things that make the Manga version a more "stable" version, first in that Zamasu learned about Goku from Shin, and second, that Shin was Probably visiting Zamasu without any interference from Future Trunks, since he appeared at about the same time they were visiting Zamasu. If he had not shown up, Zamasu would have found out about the super dragonballs and made his wishes without anyone knowing about him.


Why couldn't they make a vessel for Adam sooner?

Gendo's own scenario for the Third Impact was "the forbidden fusion of Adam and Lilith", his goal was to be reunited with his dead wife Yui who died during the Contact experiment which lead to the Second Impact, for this he required 2 things, Adam and Lilith.

In the aftermath of the Second Impact, Adam's Soul was separated from it's body which had been reduced to an embryonic state, Adam's Soul was recovered and stored in the 17th Angel Tabris (Kaworu Nagisa) which SEELE sort to use in instigate their Third Impact by having him make contact with Lilith, if it had worked the result would be an Adam Dominated Third Impact under the control of SEELE.

One reason why SEELE couldn't send Tabris quite possible because he wasn't ready to be used yet but the other main reason was the Lance of Longinus, so long as it was in Lilith the Third Impact couldn't start (it was placed there to stop it but in a way that they could remove it one all the components for their plan were prepared), it wasn't removed until it was used as the last ditch effort to kill an Angel which no EVA could reach, it's not known how SEELE would have acted had Gendo not ordered the lance to be used.

Rei's purpose was all Gendo's Third Impact Scenario, not SEELE's. Gendo made SEELE think he was on their side however he was working on his own plans to be reunited with Yui, who Rei is a clone of. much like with SEELE's plan, Gendo couldn't act while the lnace was in Lilith however when it was removed and he could confrim that SEELE couldn't interfere with another Adam he executed his plan (which we don't see until End of Evangelion). Gendo's plan was to control Rei in a Lilith Dominated Third Impact but Rei rejected Gendo and took the embryo of Adam from him and fused with Lilith.


What are the exact abilities of the Rinnegan?

The Rinnegan grants the wielder a wide range of abilities without any known chakra requirement to keep the eyes active.

Although some abilities are only available to the original owner of the Rinnegan, even the possession of one can grant overwhelming power.

The Rinnegan can see chakra, as well as its flow within the body and the activated tenketsu of the Eight Gates, but cannot see through smoke bombs.
A Rinnegan user can easily master any jutsu and all five nature transformations
Create black receivers in which they can transmit their chakra
Fully decipher the stone tablet
Counter the effects of the Infinite Tsukuyomi.

Possessing the Rinnegan grants the user abilities known as the Six Paths Techniques (despite the name, there’s actually seven paths): Deva Path, Asura Path, Human Path, Animal Path, Preta Path, Naraka Path, and the Outer Path.

  Deva Path: grants the user the ability to manipulate attractive and repulsive forces with objects and people
  Asura Path: grants the user the ability to augment their own body to summon mechanised armour and various ballistic and mechanical weaponry.
  Human Path: grants the user the ability to read the mind of any target by placing his/her hand on the target's head or chest and yanking the soul out of the body, which then kills the target.
  Animal Path: grants the user the ability of summoning various animals and creatures which requires no blood sacrifice nor hand seals. The Animal Path can also summon people which require hand signs.
  Preta Path: grants the user the ability to absorb chakra in any form, including most ninjutsu, using the Blocking Technique Absorption Seal.
  Naraka Path: grants the user two main abilities: interrogation and restoration, by using the King of Hell.
  Outer Path: grants the user the ability to revive the dead, transmit chakra to receivers, as well as manifest chakra chains, which can be used to blind tailed beasts.

The Paths mentioned above, not counting the Outer Path, can be distributed to the Six Paths of Pain — six bodies embedded with black receivers, which the user can control.

The user can also summon and control the Gedo Statue
The user is also granted a shared field of vision with the Six Paths of Pain, the King of Hell, and the Animal Path's summons, which possess copies of the Rinnegan.

Some Rinnegan users like Madara, Sasuke, and Momoshiki have some abilities others don’t.

  Madara can create corporeal shadows in the invisible world of Limbo, which is only visible to the Rinnegan
  Sasuke's Rinnegan allows him to shift spaces within a certain range of himself, and create portals to other dimensions
  Momoshiki is able to absorb any ninjutsu with his right Rinnegan and subsequently release it from his left, transform others into chakra-filled edibles, and use a space–time ninjutsu to travel to and from a separate dimension.

Sources:

Rinnegan


All possible fusions/absorbtions and their multipliers

I am not going to state any actual multipliers, but I think I can try to create a list of different kinds of fusions and why one form of fusion is stronger than the other. I'm going to take into consideration, the Namekian fusion, The fusions when Cell/Buu absorb another character, the fusion dance and obviously the potara fusion. In terms of power, I believe the correct order would be The Potara fusion: The potara earrings are worn by the Supreme Kais, the supreme ruler of the universe and its something which is not possessed by any mortal. It was stated by the Elder Kai himself that the Potara fusion was stronger than the fusion dance. As for the kind of fusion where a character is absorbed, the potara fusion is still superior to the same. This can be explained by going back to the Buu Saga in Dragon Ball Z. Ultimate Gohan was the strongest unfused character than and a lot stronger than Super Buu. Super Buu was a lot stronger than SSJ3 Goku. The SSJ3 transformation is undoubtadly a lot superior to the SSJ2 transformation and Vegeta in his SSJ2 state(Without majin) was slightly weaker than Goku. With the potara fusion, Base Vegito was able to fight Super Buu with ultimate Gohan like it was nothing. Even the recent Dragon Ball Super episodes where Kefla reached new heights managing to rival the power of SSJB + Kaioken Goku and possibly even surpassing it, indicate how powerful the potara fusion is. The Fusion Dance: It has already been confirmed that the Potara fusion is superior to the fusion dance, however, I believe the fusion dance is superior to the kind of fusion where a character is absorbed. Since Gogeta is not considered canon, I'm only going to use Gotenks to prove my point here. Firstly, we know for a fact that Base Goten and Trunks were no where as strong as Base Goku, Vegeta or yet alone Gohan(Who was rusty at that point in time). Fat Majin Buu was considered to be one of the strongest characters at that point in time and the only character who was capable of defeating it was SSJ3 Goku which is a 400 times base multiplier. Once Evil Buu absorbed the fat majin Buu, he was a lot superior to SSJ3 Goku. We've seen android 18 being able to fight trunks and goten together while they were using SSJ during the tournament.  Even after training in the HTC, it's obvious that base trunks and goten were no where close to base goku, gohan or vegeta in power. However, Base Gotenks was a lot stronger than Base Goku such that SSJ3 Gotenks was equal to super Buu in strength. We haven't seen such a massive power increase by just absorption. If you go back to the cell saga, Cell absorbed Android 17 and 18 and let's say the two of them were as strong as Super Namekian Picollo(After he fused with Kami). However, Goku in his Mastered SSJ state, just a (50 times multiplier) was able to put up a decent fight against cell.Absorbtion based fusion / Namekian Fusion: Based on power levels from the earlier seasons,
we know for a fact that the namekian fusion is (Namek A+Namek B)*7.09.
The absorbtion based fusion seems to be of this nature with a very low multiplier, or probably only of an (A+B) nature. My proof for the latter would again be based on the the fight between Buuhan(Super Buu+Ultimate Gohan) and Vegito. Super Buu was a lot stronger than 400 time's Goku's base strength. And Ultimate Gohan was a lot superior to Super Buu's strength. Even if the potara fusion is an incredibly high multiplier,
 compared to the absorption based fusion, there is no way possible for Base Vegito's power to be comparable to Buuhan's if there was a higher multiplier incase of the absorption based fusion. We know after Kibito and Shin fused, (Just before Goku went back to earth to assist Gohan fight Super Buu), the old Kai stated that Kibito was still a lot weaker than Buutenks. So the potara fusion multiplier is not astronomically high which would only imply that the absorption based fusion has a low multiplier which is why Buuhan was completely dominated by Vegito. With regard to whether the Absorption based fusion or the Namekian based fusion being stronger, we can't really say with a certainty. This is because, we would be comparing Picollo to the likes of Buu and Cell(Who were technically the strongest characters in their respective arcs, until they were surpassed by the Saiyans). Also the characters who were absorbed were a lot stronger than the characters picollo fused with, so I don't think there is sufficient information to distinguish the two


What is the relation between Steins;Gate and Steins;Gate 0?

As mentioned by one of the official translators that has worked on most of the Sci-fi Adventure series:Source

  Steins;Gate Zero will not be a direct sequel, no. Remember when Okabe stabbed Kurisu and lost his resolve? Only to be revitalized once he received the Operation Skuld D-Mail from his future self? The Okabe in Epigraph and Zero is the Okabe that did not try again after killing Kurisu, the Okabe that gave up and resigned himself to misery.

Steins;Gate 0, inspite of being marketed as the "true sequel" to Steins;Gate, does not take place after the ending of Steins;Gate. Even though it is canonical, it takes place just before the ending of Steins;Gate.
The story between the two is exactly the same upto (and including) Episode 22. It diverges in Episode 23 with the original story being covered in Episode 23: Open the Steins Gate, and the alternate version, a Steins;Gate 0 OVA, being covered in Episode 23(β) Open the Missing Link. As mentioned on the Wikia:

   In this story, after killing Makise Kurisu, Okabe Rintarou gives up and accepts her funeral fate.
The main difference between this and the original episode 23 is that this Okabe      does not receive the Video-Mail from himself. He will go on to eventually create Operation Skuld and the Video-Mail, helping S;G Okabe thwart world line convergence and successfully avert both Kurisu's death and WWIII in order to enter the Steins;Gate world line of 1.048596% divergence.

TL;DR: In concise, as put on Reddit:

  It follows the world where Okabe tried to save Kurisu, but stabbed her instead. It is the worldline in which Okabe doesn't get the "deceive yourself" message from himself, but it is most likely the one that sends that message.


What is with the shift in Total Eclipse after episode 2?

I have not played the visual novels and have not seen any other MuvLuv content, so I can only judge from the anime series. In this series, the two first episodes focus on the background of Yui. You basically witness what she has experienced when she was younger, and then the shift focuses on the 'current day' situation, where Yui is one of the two lead protagonists. Further down the series she reveals some of her background which is consistent with the first two episodes.


Kakashi Hatake's natural affinity is towards Lightning Release. Being a Jonin (now Kage) level ninja, he is adept in using multiple releases.

Kakashi's nature affinity was confirmed to be Lightning Release by the use of Chakra paper, in episode 55 of Shippuden (courtesy of @krazer):

Earth Release is not his natural affinity, and hence he had learned it (along with other releases).

  So a shinobi can learn to master a chakra nature other than his chakra nature easily. Is that so?

Yes, shinobi are capable of using multiple chakra natures (eg: Jonin, Kage, Missing Nin, etc.):

  Jōnin are generally able to use at least two types of elemental chakra, proficient genjutsu, and decent taijutsu skills.

  source: Naruto Wikia

It is common (but not easy) for shinobi to master elemental chakra apart from their affinity.

In Kakashi's case, he was able to use the following Releases:

 Kakashi Hatake

From Nature Transformation article:

  Shinobi have an easier time learning to create and control chakra natures that match their affinity, although even then it may take any number of years. Shinobi are not limited to the nature they have an affinity for, and it is in fact common for jōnin to have mastered two natures. Although it is technically possible to master all five natures, it is very rare because of how much of training is involved; Hiruzen Sarutobi, Hashirama Senju, Tobirama Senju, Mū, Kakashi Hatake, and Orochimaru are the only shinobi known to have done so via normal means.


Who of Aizen's Arrancar were Vasto Lorde?

It was implied that top 4 of the Espada were all Vasto Lorde level as they were far superior combatwise than a Soul Society Captain. However, out of the four, only Tier Harribel was confirmed as a Vasto Lorde.


Are both Natsu and Igneel known as "The Salamander"?

Though IG_42's answer is essentially correct, it is complete.

From memory the conversation went something like this. Very simplistically. [Please edit if somebody has the subs handy :)]

  Lucy: I am a mage, looking to join a guild
  Natsu: I am looking for Salamander, Though he turned out to be human I am looking for a dragon
  Lucy: (All surprised)
  Happy: Salamanders are fire lizard so we thought it might be Igneel

Natsu and Happy are very simple minded. It never occured to Natsu that someone else might be using his moniker to fake people. They heard rumours of Salamander and thought it might relate to Igneel.


So they stand out from other, normal Cats.
Similar how many Protagonists in Anime have a different hair color, eye color or some other special feature, and many Girls have varying hair-colors so they contrast from their
predominantly brown / black haired normal Classmates.
So they appear more human.
By giving them human-like characteristics, like wearing accessories, they appear more civilized, intelligent and human like.
Because we do this in real-life to, I guess.
Some people just like to dress up their dogs and cats, so it wouldn't be impossible for Anime-Characters to have the same ideas?


Why can Sailor Pluto be away from the Space-Time Door?

In the Crystal continuity it is unknown as it is a work in progress, and did not progress too much further from Pluto's introduction, so it is unknown for Crystal continuity if she will leave the door or not. There is still no canon material on the matter.

As to why she can leave the door, she has the power to seal off entire worlds out of the fourth dimension (the time dimension)(ref).

Since you need a time-space key to safely navigate fouth dimension, she could secure all keys, lock the access to the place where the keys were stored and leave for a short time.

Probably her leave cannot be defined as permanent or temporary. Since the fourth dimension is outside normal time, she can safely exists in the fourth dimension and outside it:

  However, for all intents and purposes, in the manga the technicality of Sailor Pluto existing outside of time means she is able to be reincarnated as a normal woman while still existing back at her post at the Time Gate.(ref)

Sailor Pluto's racial status is also subject of controversy. While Endymion/Tuxedo Mask is from the Earth realm, Usagi/Sailor Moon is from the Silver Millenium race, the other sailor senshi seem to be reincarnated humans, Sailor Pluto is more of a goddess than a human:

  She is also stated to be the daughter of Chronos, god of time. (manga act 18, original anime ep. 82).

They made significant changes in Crystal from the original Sailor Moon works (like giving Tuxedo Mask an attack), so I wouldn't expect it to be identical, but to follow closely.

You can compare Crystal and the original making a parallel between the original Yamato series and Yamato 2099 that aired in 2014. They tend to follow the original work closely, but making adaptations and concessions to suit XXI century's scientific and social developments.


What happens, if the Einzberns don't have a homunculus?

Up until the end of the third Grail War, the vessel for the sought-after Grail, known as the Lesser Grail, was a literally a cup.
According to the Type Moon Wiki:

However, during the events of the third War, it was damaged in battle and the ceremony was interrupted; for that reason, it had to be made as something that could manage itself and take care of itself.
During the Fourth War, Irisviel von Einzbern was a homunculus forged by the Einzbern family to be the physical embodiment of the Lesser Grail.

In other words a Einzbern homunculus has to exist in order to serve as a vessel to connecto the Great Grail, it stores the souls of the heroic spirits after they're killed.
If everything goes according to plan, the Lesser Grail will be able to summon the Great Grail and use the power of the heroic spirits and the Third Magic to create a gateway to the Root. Afterwards, the Grail can technically grant wishes, due to all the leftover prana.


An anime about human protagonists travelling with monsters, among them are a blue wolf, and a big eye on a leg monster

It is probably Monster Farm: Enbanseki no Himitsu, known in America as Monster Rancher.

  Genki is a boy who loves playing video games. One day he's zapped into the world of Monster Rancher and meets the girl Holly and the monsters Mochi, Suezo, Golem, Tiger and Hare. Together, they are searching for a way to revive the Phoenix, which is the only monster capable of stopping the evil Moo.

The wolf is Tiger of the Wind "Rygar"

  A blue, wolf-like monster with horns on his head. He is a feared thief and bandit known as "Tiger of the Wind". He was the leader of a pack of rogue mixed-breed Tigers that were isolated from all humans. Eventually, he met up with Genki. At first, he looked down upon Genki's optimistic and caring nature. Tiger had a rough past that changed him forever, giving him a jaded and cold view of life. However, after listening to Genki, he has learned to care more for others. A clan of Dinos commanded by Moo killed off Tiger's pack, so he joined up with Genki's team in hopes of finding and defeating Moo. Tiger is extremely fast and powerful in battle. He uses an array of swift attacks, as well as firing electricity from his horns and using ice-based attacks. Tiger once had a younger brother named Gray Wolf. They lived together as orphaned pups. Eventually, they built a pack of mixed-breed Tigers. When Tiger first met Moo, the giant monster killed every last member of Tiger's pack, and kidnapped Gray Wolf, leaving Tiger to die. Tiger would later find out the cold, harsh truth of what happened to his brother. Tiger was the Phoenix's anger. {Wikipedia}

The eye on a leg is Suezo

  A simple monster with only a mouth, a huge singular eye, and an upright tail. He is Holly's loyal monster retainer. Suezo serves as comic relief in many instances and he can be a little obnoxious and loud-mouthed. He has amazing Telescopic vision and can teleport himself and other objects from one location to another in mere seconds, though it took a bit of practice to perfect this. Thus, eventually a very useful asset to the team. Suezo was the Phoenix's pride.

Reference

MyAnimeList
Wikipedia


Moral proclaimed that Skill was brain dead, but the Minimum Root was actually the heart of Skill*, which was still intact. This heart was most likely transplanted into Nice by Moral**. So Skill is thus "still alive" through living on through the heart of Nice/Skill.

You also have the hesitation line by Art who could not yet kill his brother, since he does know that Nice's Heart is actually Skill's Heart.

This also explains how Art survived his fall as Nice/Skill probably restored his Minimum during the fall.

*Notice how Art's Minimum Root is also his heart too

**This also explains how Nice was able to save the gunshot wound, implied that it shot his heart


What does the text at the entrance mean?

The text on the wall are references to Faust, which foreshadows the plot for the anime.

Original Text:

Weh! Weh!
Du hast sie zerstört,
Die schöne Welt,
Mit mächtiger Faust;
Sie stürzt, sie zerfällt!
Ein Halbgott hat sie zerschlagen!
Wir tragen
Die Trümmern ins Nichts hinüber,
Und klagen
Über die verlorne Schöne.
Mächtiger
Der Erdensöhne,
Prächtiger
Baue sie wieder,
In deinem Busen baue sie auf!
Neuen Lebenslauf
Beginne,
Mit hellem Sinne,
Und neue Lieder
Tönen darauf!

On the screenshot, you can kinda see the "Neuen Lebenslauf" and some of the text.

Translation:

Woe! woe!
Thou hast it destroyed,
The beautiful world,
With powerful fist:
In ruin ’tis hurled,
By the blow of a demigod shattered!
The scattered
Fragments into the Void we carry,
Deploring
The beauty perished beyond restoring.
Mightier
For the children of men,
Brighter
Build it again,
In thine own bosom build it anew!
Bid the new career
Commence,
With clearer sense,
And the new songs of cheer
Be sung thereto!

The text on another wall, near Getrud's Barrier:

Verflucht voraus die hohe Meinung,
Womit der Geist sich selbst umfängt!
Verflucht das Blenden der Erscheinung,
Die sich an unsre Sinne drängt!
Verflucht was uns in Träumen heuchelt,
Des Ruhms, der Namensdauer Trug!
Verflucht was als Besitz uns schmeichelt,
Als Weib und Kind, als Knecht und Pflug!

Translation:

Cursed be, at once, the high ambition
Wherewith the mind itself deludes!
Cursed be the glare of apparition
That on the finer sense intrudes!
Cursed be the lying dream's impression
of name, and fame, and laureled brow!
Cursed, all that flatters as possession,
As wife and child, as knave and plow!

Spoiler:

   It is referring to the Faustian bargain that magical girls make with Kyubei. In exchange for their wish and their powers, they give Kyubei their souls.

Source: http://wiki.puella-magi.net/Episode_2#References_to_Faust


What's up with this Araragi and Nadeko scene in Tsubasa Cat, Part 1 (episode 11)?

Koyomi's thought processes are elucidated upon in the light novel.1
The events of this scene are ordered slightly differently in the light novel versus the anime. What happens in the light novel is that immediately after Nadeko hands Kanbaru's swimsuit to Koyomi (08:09 on the BD), their conversation comes to a halt. Then, the events you're talking about occur. It would probably be more instructive to just see the ensuing text rather than have me describe it.2 Keep in mind that Koyomi is the narrator here. Editorial inclusions in square brackets.

I reached my hand out to touch Sengoku's bangs.
"...oh?" [Koyomi]
I missed.
My hand swept through the air. Sengoku quickly moved her head to the side, dodging my hand. So then, you know, I reached for her bangs again, but she took a step away from me, thus evading my follow-on.
"W...what?" [Nadeko]
"Uh, well..." [Koyomi]
Does it really bother you that much?
Her movements were surprisingly quick - nothing like what you'd expect from a quiet girl like her. You'd think that the bangs would interfere with her vision when they fell in front of her eyes, but she didn't seem to care.
"Hm." [Koyomi]
Well, let's try this.
I quickly extended my other hand and lightly lifted the hem of her dress. Given the way she reacted to me trying to touch her bangs, I was expecting her to respond like a little girl whose skirt had been flipped. Hence that little experiment.
But Sengoku didn't react to that at all. She looked at me a little curiously and tilted her head to one side.
It struck me yesterday, too, but....
She's way too innocent for a middle schooler.
She's worried about all the wrong things.3

My best interpretation of what's going on here is that Koyomi is just messing with Nadeko, trying to get a rise out of her. At first, he goes for her bangs, and Nadeko recoils. Koyomi decides to take it one step further and lifts the hem of her dress, expecting a bigger reaction out of her - but she doesn't seem to care. From Koyomi's point of view, this is all backwards - why would she be more bothered by someone touching her hair than by someone lifting her skirt? Hence his comment at the end of this bit - she's worried about all the wrong things.
It will probably be helpful to also look at this from Nadeko's point of view, particularly in light of Otorimonogatari. As we learn, Nadeko really hates it when people touch her bangs - she's very self-conscious about her hair, hence that hat she often wears. The skirt-lifting, though, probably doesn't bother her, seeing as the person doing the lifting is Koyomi - and by this point, she's long since fallen in love with Koyomi.

1 Bakemonogatari chapter 5 [book 2], section 002. (i.e. 化物語（下） 第五話（つばさキャット） ００２)
2 Translation my own; any falsities in it are my fault.
3 This is, I think, a better rendering of the line that appears on the sign in your last image.


Satoru Gojo is always seen wearing his signature black blindfold and otherwise a pair of dark eyeglasses not because he is blind but because it is a part of who he is; it is distinctive and has become one of his signature character traits.

The writers wished to symbolize the importance of his eyes, which often see more than they see less. In addition, this also serves as a barrier and a way in which Gojo manages to keep himself distanced from others while teaching.

Proof he does see is provide during chapter 0-1 the Cursed Child Arc when he confronts Getou, we see his glasses practically fall off of him in this scene because it’s impossible for him to remain blind. Therefore, his eyeglasses serve as means of defence for retaining his emotions and enable him to find balance with himself.


Does Rin's Eclipse scene "Beginners" in Fate/hollow ataraxia follow the UBW route?

Spoilers regarding the H-scenes ahead

I take it it appears too good to be true for you.
Now, is it canon? Nasu did confirm it as such.

If I had to state my opinion I'd say as a whole Rin's scene does seem very reasonable just like the other eclipse scenes. If something, I'd add that the competition part (they fight to win over who pleasures the other more; Shirou becoming even a bit cruel and unlike himself whe he tells her at the beginning to touch herself while he watches), Rin using her magic to make her weight disappear even when orgasming and the use of apphrodisiacs may be more like fanservice, but then again it is an eroge and since the very beginning Nasu made Shirou unable to give mana but through sex because he has no magical knowledge. You can't get more porn vibes than that.
Think that Rin becoming more feminine, enjoying herself with Shirou and starting to accept her feelings a bit more is what makes sense after the UBW route.

I was the first one to reply this question and now there are 5 other answers (there are 6 counting mine as of now, from кяαzєя, Memor, Lord, Echomateria, Dumpster Player and myself). I don't agree with some statements from  кяαzєя as I showed in my comments to his answer. After reading all the answers I have more reasons to believe it does happen after UBW. Some of the arguments given in other answers are that the eclipse scenes are canon as I had said in my original post, that they don't belong to Fate Hollow's actual game but are instead set up to be a direct continuation of some of the original game endings...
And it's true. They don't belong to the storyline followed by Fate Hollow and it's also true they've been composed to follow Fate Stay Night endings. It does make sense for them to be a continuation as their canonicity has been established by the game authors. Pretty much everyone defend this point of view (Echomateria, Memor, Lord and myself outright defend this point of view).

About Hollow's true ending, which happens outside the time loop, Memor and Dumpster didn't touch this topic as it wasn't asked by the OP. I would completely agree with Echomateria and Lord's answer in that regard though a. As echomateria said in his answer it would be an alternate reality, just like each route is an alternate reality from each other. So basically it would be another route made by Nasu. According to the creators an scenario also exists where it is actually the sequel to Stay Night. This was actually treated in more detail by Lord in his answer.
When Takeuchi was asked whether Hollow is the continution of all 3 routes his conclusion was that the reader should interpret it however he wants, so either way.


How can All Might live without his stomach?

Living without a stomach isn't as impossible and absurd as it first sounds as removing the entire stomach is currently one of the more common treatments for stomach cancer too.

You can find a short explanation how part of the small intestine turns into something like a pouch to take over the role of the stomach in this video, while there are numerous articles written by doctors, patients and their relatives on the internet.

Just linking the first few hits Google dropped for me:

Life Without a Stomach

How to live without a stomach

Can You Live Without A Stomach?

 One man’s choice: Life without a stomach, or dying from stomach cancer?


How did the Scouts know that Mike Zacharias died?

Because Mike Zacharias sent Thomas to Erwin when he sensed the Titans approaching. To quote:

  Smelling the approaching Titans, Mike sends Thomas to inform Erwin, and begins to mobilize his squad to depart. Seeing Nanaba distraught by the possibility of Wall Rose being breached, Mike orders her to not give up hope, reminding her that humanity can only be defeated when the will to fight is lost.

After Erwin was informed and the fact that Mike Zacharias never made it back, I think it is safe to assume that he was presumed dead by his comrades, even if they weren't able to witness him being eaten. I say this because he was supposed to regroup with the ones who escaped but seeing as he never made it back, it would be natural to assume that he's dead.

Real world military has something called PKIA or Presumed Killed in Action.

  This term is used when personnel are lost in battle, initially listed MIA, but after not being found, are later presumed to have not survived.


The pun worked in English, but what was it in Japanese?

What Hades pronounced is「お前のゆいとおりだ」, which is a pun on 「お前のゆうとおりだ」 ("exactly as you say", "you're correct").

To break down:

お前 omae: "you"
の no: (subject marker)
ゆう yū: a colloquial pronunciation of the verb 言う (いう), "to say"
とおり tōri: "as", "like", "the way"
だ da: (copula, "is")

ゆとり is not relevant.

So in the Japanese version, it's the pun on Yui (the name of the heroine) and yū ("to say"). The translator did a good job, taking advantage of the fact that English "you" and Japanese "言う/yū" have similar sounds.

Note that this sounds like a typical cheesy "oyaji gag" to the ear of Japanese, usually completely unsuitable for a romantic situation like this. I don't know about the male character, but is this his way of speaking? :)


I believe the lie was that Kaori lied about being in love with Watari.

   On page 13 of Chapter 44. She says in her letter "This lie was that Miyazono Kaori had feelings for Watari Ryouta". She was secretly in love with Arima but didn't want to break the relationships between Arima and Tsubaki.


What is the difference between hot spring water and regular hot water?

You might be looking for something that's analogous to 温泉 (onsen) vs 銭湯 (sentō) in Japan.
By definition, onsen is hot spring water which (supposedly) contains minerals and other things that makes the bath more healthy and provide relaxation benefits (animated green in KonoSuba), while sentō is normal heated tap water (animated blue).
Aqua purifying the onsen water would have implied that she had taken out all the "impurities" (i.e. the beneficial minerals) in the water, and leaving it with the inferior "just hot water."
Regarding animation, it's not always consistent that onsen water is colored green.


Are the clothing/modesty standards in the world of Mahouka Koukou stricter?

It is indeed mentioned in the light novel.
(All the excerpt from the light novel quoted onwards are from Baka-Tsuki)
From Volume 2 - Chapter 7, during the scene where Tatsuya was called to the Counseling Room by Ono Haruka (emphasis mine):

[...] Haruka's smile grew a little forced as she crossed her legs.
Beneath the mini-skirt, the derriere wrapped in silk stockings could almost be seen.
[...]
According to modern decorum, it was advisable to keep revealed flesh to a minimum.
Because women usually wore thick stockings that covered everything beneath their dresses, even when exuding maturity, this sight was quite stimulating to the eyes. [...]
Speaking of which, she was also wearing a rather open shirt, where the lines of the undergarments could be seen.
For a faculty member to wear this in front of a student was overly flirtatious.

From Volume 3 - Chapter 1, after the ball game in physical education class, when Tatsuya and Mikihiko made acquaintance with each other and Erika came by to chat:

In 2095 AD, fashion and proper decorum demanded that any trace of exposed flesh be covered in public. Since school was considered a public environment, even if it was in summer, women were still obligated to wear jackets and a colorless, impenetrable pair of tights or leggings beneath their dresses.
That being said, these rules didn't apply to athletic uniforms, so athletic clubs suffered no penalty or criticism for revealing their hands or legs with their uniform, and physical education classes were also not bound by this rule. For example, Tatsuya and the other male students were currently wearing shorts that did not extend to their knees while Mizuki was wearing a fairly long pair of rhythm pants, which was the standard uniform for physical education.
On the other hand, Erika was......
Both of her legs were completely uncovered.
From the thighs down, everything was revealed to the sweltering summer air. Her pants had no length to speak of whatsoever. Finally, the T-shirt she wore barely extended over the pants, giving the impression she was wearing only her underwear.

It is also again mentioned in Volume 3 - Chapter 4, during the scene where Mayumi turned up late in her summer dress and asked Tatsuya of his thought about her appearance.
The characters' consciousness towards the dress code is also shown indirectly through Hattori and Mayumi's expression in the scene slightly after when they are on the bus, where Hattori offered Mayumi a blanket to cover herself up.
And the issue is brought up again a bit later into the same chapter when Tatsuya and Miyuki arrived at the hotel, where they met Erika and Mizuki in "revealing" outfit (according to the standard in Mahouka's world).


Where can I watch the Chuunibyou specials?

I'm not sure if you can watch them legally on the internet since most specials that I know of from other anime are usually included in BD/DVD releases or bundled together with manga or light novel volumes.

From MAL, here are where you can find Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai! specials:

Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai!: Kirameki no... Slapstick Noel -
Episode 13, included in the final volume of the BD/DVD.
Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai!: Lite - Short episodes aired on KyoAni's official YouTube channel. Also included in Love, Chunibyo & Other Delusions! DVD/Blu-ray Complete Collections as a 22 min Extra entitled Chuni-Shorts.
Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai!: Depth of Field - Ai to Nikushimi Gekijou - Specials bundled with the 1st season's BD/DVD volumes.
Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai! Ren Specials - Specials included in BD and DVD of Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai! Ren.
Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai! Ren Lite - Short episodes aired on KyoAni's official YouTube channel

Looks like you need to buy the BD's/DVD's to watch these specials. Regarding those specials aired in KyoAni's YouTube channel, I tried finding them but I think they were only a one-time thing, probably aired on specific dates before in their YouTube channel.


Who taught Megumin Explosion magic? Is she mentioned anywhere in the LN?

Volume 9 of the light novel (Kurenai no Shukumei, or "The Crimson Fate") covers this backstory. We learn that the person who taught Megumin explosion magic is the evil goddess of Sloth and Violence, Wolbach, who also happens to be a general of the Demon King's army.

 We actually encounter Wolbach in episode 9 of season 2 of the anime (Kono Fujō na Onsengai ni Megami o!, or "A Goddess for This Corrupt Hot Springs Town!"), or equivalently in Volume 4 of the light novel (Namakura Karutetto, or "You Good-for-Nothing Quartet"). When Kazuma goes to a mixed bath in Alcanretia, he encounters a man and a woman there.

 We learn in the next episode that the man is a general of the Demon King's army, the poison slime Hans. The woman happens to be Wolbach, though this is not revealed then.

Wolbach does not reappear in the series in any significant manner after Volume 9, although at the end of Volume 9:

 It is hinted that Wolbach has been absorbed into Chomusuke, who is actually her other half.


Anime set in a world where females choose their gender

I am very sure it is Simoun, everything say matches.

  In the world of Daikuuriku, everyone is born female, and chooses which sex they wish to become at age 17. In this world, the peaceful theocracy of Simulacrum is guarded by magical flying machines called "Simoun", which can only be piloted by young girls who haven't chosen a sex yet. The Simoun can activate a magical power known as "Ri Maajon" that can destroy large numbers of enemies at once. When the industrialized nation of Argentum decides that it needs to invade Simulacrum to acquire the secret of the Simoun, war breaks out, drawing the Simoun "Sibyllae" (priestesses who fly the Simoun) into a lopsided battle. Because the war is raging, the Sibyllae are granted an exemption from choosing a permanent sex for as long as they're willing to keep flying. Aaeru, a determined young Sibylla with a mysterious past, and Neviril, the leader of Chor Tempest, Simulacrum's most elite Simoun squadron, must lead their fellow priestesses through conflict both within their ranks and in the sky.


That's actually the only information we have on All-Might's speed.

That scene you're referring to occurred in Chapter 90, which tells us that All-Might ran 5 kilometers in just 30 seconds, giving him a speed of about 600km/hr.

If I recall correctly, this is currently the best estimate we have of All-Might's speed at his prime, because we know he's faster than that. Only thing to do is wait for new chapters that give additional information.


As far as we know, Mael does not possess "The One", but does not have a weaker form at night either. It must be noted that Ludociel refers to this Grace as Sun (「太たい陽よう Taiyō」), and not Sunshine, which may imply there is a difference between Escanor and Mael's use of this power.

A popular fan theory is that Escanor possesses an unnamed innate magical power which grants him power and strength based on the time of day ; and that this innate power interacts with the Sun Grace to create Sunshine. But this is only a theory.


The anime is Gate Keepers

You can find the list of characters with pictures here. They are in order from left to right:

Shun Ukiya - Ruriko Ikusawa - Misao Sakimori - Reiko Asagiri - Kaoru Konoe


What's the meaning behind S.A.D. and Smiles?

The substance is just "SAD" not "S.A.D". Considering that Caesar Clown is the only person in the world who knows how to manufacture it, and he uses it to create artificial fruits that he calls "smiles", it was just an appropriate name to fit into the theme. Clown, smiles, sad, etc.


Why is the Belial considered a 4th-generation Arm Slave?

According to this entry:

  The suit is considered a fourth generation suit, making it more powerful that the Arbalest, even with its Lambda Driver installed. Despite all these advantages the suit has no visible weapons, leaving only its bare hands and the Lambda Driver to destroy its opponents. However, the use of the Lambda Driver is pivotally its greatest strength and its greatest weakness. The reliance that the suit has on the Lambda Driver, and not on normal weapons, is a dangerous flaw in its design. The suit needs the Lambda Driver if it is to fly like it does and if anything happens to the device or the wings then that ability is gone. The other weakness is Leonard’s own arrogant attitude towards Sousuke. Leonard never expected Sousuke to acquire a suit to match the strength of Belial until the ARX-8 makes its debut.

The Plan 1056 had an overheating problem that was fixed in the Arm Slave Plan 1058, when they installed an improved heat sink on it.

What makes the Plan 1055 a 4th Gen suit is that the Lambda Driver that it uses and the capacity to fly, this means that the Lambda Driver and the features added to this model are far beyond updated than the versions Plan 1056 and Plan 1058.

Source:
Plan 1058
Plan 1056
Plan 1055


Danzo was in Konoha at the time of Pain's attack, at the Root organization's HQ. He even plays a role in the plot.

He first tells Koharu Utatane and Homura Mitokado that Tsunade was risking the loss of Fourth Hokage's legacy by recalling Naruto from Myobokuzan to the village. (Occurs in anime only.) He then kills the messenger frog Kosuke, left behind by Fukasaku to prevent the news of Pain's attack from reaching Naruto, so that the Kyuubi doesn't fall in Akatsuki's hands.

He doesn't help the village for political reasons. He knows that using Katsuyu's healing, Tsunade would prevent a total destruction of the village. He could then lie low until Tsunade is removed from power, and then become the Hokage himself. (see images below, taken from Chapter 421 and 424.)

His not helping during Orochimaru's invasion was also presumably for the same reason, that is, to try to remove Hiruzen from power and become Hokage himself. Either that, or Kishimoto had not planned for Danzo at the time.


Which characters in One Punch Man have regeneration abilities?

The wikia actually has a page which lists all characters from the manga/anime that have regeneration.

Boros
Deep Sea King
Demonic Fan
Elder Centipede
Melzalgald
Mosquito Girl
Pureblood
Sludge Jellyfish
Super Mouse
Zombieman

Characters from the webcomic include,

Black Sperm
Fuhrer Ugly
Garou
Sweet Mask

It is noted that each regeneration ability varies among each being, some having a weaker versions that is 'able to regenerate fractured bones or mutilated body parts'. Furthermore, each

  has had different types of regeneration, different ways they have regenerated, how much time it takes to regenerate their bodies, and whether they recreate cells in their body or regroup cells back together.


Has there ever been a Holy Grail War where the victor got their wish?

Yes, one: the only Holy Grail War in the world of Fate/Grand Order, whose victor was the founder of Chaldea and its first director Marisbilly Animusphere with his Caster Servant,

   Solomon.

As for what he wished for, it's not clear but Servant Sherlock Holmes (yes really) speculates in the Camelot chapter of the game that it was a wish for Chaldea, the work of his life, to succeed:

  Sanzang:

  Umm… Can I ask something?  I’m not trying to complain that I’m tired
  of keeping quiet all this time, but… You said that Marisbilly guy got
  the Holy Grail, right?  What did he wish for?

  Holmes:

  Unfortunately, Hermes has no record of his wish. It only shows the
  results.  According to Hermes, Marisbilly flourished as a magus after
  the war.  In the Clock Tower, Chaldea and the Animusphere family’s
  theories had heretofore been regarded as abstract and impractical.
  But, a string of successes reversed the Animusphere’s fortunes. The
  Heroic Spirit summoning system was established.  Virtual experiments
  were conducted that allowed one to not only observe the future, but to
  interact with different time periods through rei-shifting.  Around
  2004, Chaldea, previously a mere astronomical observatory, was built
  into a research facility.

  Conventional reasoning would conclude that Marisbilly wished for
  prosperity.  He had no reason to wish for the incineration of the
  human order. According to documents, his personality was
  “hard-working.” He had ordinary desires, ordinary envy, and he loved
  ordinary fortune. That’s the kind of man he was.


Why are there so many tragic ocean promises?

It has something to do with the term Mother Ocean, the fact that Japanese islands are made of several volcanoes linked together, their work ethics and custom.

Mother Ocean

Mother Ocean is a term used to refer to the fact that all lives on earth starts from the sea/ocean as described in Nagi no Asukara. Even after leaving the sea and becoming land creature, the ocean still provides nourishment and food for them, thus it can be said that Mother Ocean is a symbolics of love. A love that knows no bound even when betrayed and left behind. An eternal love that is ready to accept when one repent and return to it as is the case with Miuna.

Thus, it can be said that a promise to see the ocean is a promise of love. The fact that the promise was broken and in some cases tragically, is a symbolics for a love that would never come true.

Japanese Islands, Work Ethics & Custom

See the following map.

Most of Japanese lands are mountainous terrain. People live on these mountains. In the olden times, these terrain makes traveling hard, thus not many mountain people travel to see the sea. In the modern day this would be due to their tight schedule making them unable to take vacation to the sea. I think it is already a common knowledge that Japan has a crazy tight work schedule. People rarely use their paid visit. That is part of their work ethics. Also, most Japanese visits ocean only during summer. It's an old custom.

Thus, while Japan has plenty of beaches, and given the distance and the availability of public transports it should be relatively easy to access, going to the beach is not something Japanese people easily do unless they already live by the sea. This means that going to the sea can be counted as a luxury for the Japanese.


Is there anything else that covers Itachi's story outside of the core anime and manga?

The core anime and manga cover much of Itachi's story, particularly if you're only looking for his "canon" story. However, he does appear in other media.

As Abhishek Mishra says, he appears in the OVA "Sunny Side Battle!" Here is a list of non-core anime/manga media Itachi appears in:

OVA:

Hidden Leaf Village Grand Sports Festival! (as a cameo)
Sunny Side Battle!

Game:

Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja Storm Revolution--Ninja Escapades (OVAs within the game)

Novel:

Naruto Jinraiden: The Day the Wolf Howled (more Sasuke's reflection on Itachi's actions)
Itachi Shinden: Book of Bright Light/ Itachi Shinden: Book of Dark Night (related to Shippuden #451-458--this answer says it follows the novels, Naruto Wikia says it doesn't, I don't know enough to say either way)
Akatsuki Hiden: Evil Flowers in Full Bloom

Movie:

Road to Ninja: Naruto the Movie

Naruto Wikia has a list of all video games in which he's a playable character.


Why does Shanks already have his scar at the beginning of One Piece?

The story of the origin of the particular scar (left eye) is told in Chapter 434 / Episode 316. It's given to him by Blackbeard while still on Whitebeard's ship, as part of their crew. By the time Ace and Luffy have grown up, Shanks is one of the Emperors.

  The conversation hits a more serious note as Shanks points to his scarred left eye. One of Whitebeard's crew gave it to him, Marshall D. Teach. Shanks has known what Teach has been up to all these years and tries to warn Whitebeard of what may happen if Ace and Teach meet, he begs Whitebeard to stop the search. When Whitebeard outright refuses and states he will teach Teach about morals, Shanks reacts by drawing his sword, stating the rampaging era will not be stopped. Whitebeard and Shanks clash weapons, splitting the skies to the shock of both captains' crew members.

Source: http://onepiece.wikia.com/wiki/Chapter_434


What is the unit of power level in the Dragon Ball series and how is it measured?

I think the unit of the Power Level is Ki. I would like to give you the link to the wiki:

  The Power Level (戦闘力, Sentō Ryoku; literally "combat power" or "fighting strength"),
  referred to as Battle Point/Battle Power (BP) in video games, is a
  concept found in the Dragon Ball franchise created by Akira Toriyama.
  It is first introduced in Dragon Ball, where Goku as a kid learns to
  sense ki after drinking the Ultra Divine Water, although the Z
  Fighters are able to detect power levels via the ki sensing ability
  eventually.

It's not clear how they measure the power, or at least I couldn't find something...
That's right, Bulma got one of the scouters, so I think it shouldn't be a problem for her to copy it.

And if you want to know which character has which Power Level, see this list of Power Levels.


Is there a light novel for the second season of Sword Art Online anime?

Currently, the second season of Sword Art Online is based on the novel volume 5-6. If they make it 25 episodes like the first season, then it is possible that the anime will cover volume 7 & 8 as well, just like the first season is based on volume 1-4.

While the story is about Gun Gale Online (GGO) and no longer Sword Art Online itself, the novel is still titled Sword Art Online. Currently it is about to be published in western world as Baka-Tsuki has already removed it from their website.


Name of anime with a character whose wings wrap around his arms when he's not flying?

In Galactic Patrol Lensman there's a character called Worsel who has wings that wrap around his arms when not in use.


They're so sharp because he takes care of them. The true power behind his swords are his swordsmanship, superhuman strength and incredible speed. Everything King Bradley uses to fight with is really just ordinary weapons. There is a scene in the brotherhood series (I'm aware you mentioned the manga but your overall question is generic) where he even picks up two dagger and starts to fight the old man with no problem.

With the right amount of precision and strength it is possible to slice through some really dense materials (Including metals) with a really well made sharp sword. Keep in mind that it is still just an Anime/Manga.


How strong is the leader of the Demon Slayer Corps

A simple answer would be: He isn't all that strong. Any more would be a major spoiler so proceed with caution.

  Not only is he "not that strong" he is pitifully weak. The reason he leads the demon slayer corps is because they follow him. Here's a bit on the history and powers of his family:

His lineage goes back to the time when the first demon was born. Muzan came from the same family and him becoming a demon cursed their bloodline, any child born into their family would not survive for long. They needed to kill the demon born in their family to lift the curse. They were given brides from the temple and it allowed their children to at least live till their twenties. Since then their family has been raising the demon slayer corps. The only benefit they got from all this has been an heightened intuition, one that was almost clairvoyant. Through that they have evaded countless disasters, amassed great wealth and made critical guesses on situations that would be otheriwse impossible(such that Muzan can't be killed with demon slayer swords)

 Their family has been doing this for countless years all to defeat Muzan, and demon slayers have been following them.

Coming to the other part of your question:

   Hashiras do value strength and they are eccentric weirdos but they aren't brainless brutes. All of them are plenty smart. They realise that Ubuyashiki Kagaya (Oyakata-Sama) is a man worthy to be thier lord. Ubuyashiki is a man who truly cares for all demon slayers, if giving away his life would be any useful, then he would happily do so. He's tactful and wise at the same time humble and kind. He is saddened whenever a slayer dies and remembers the name and background of each demon slayer in the corps. His eyes have gone blind, skin is rotting and his end is not far, but regardless the only aim of his life is to slay muzan. He demands no respect or submission from pillars and they all follow him on their own accord.

 There are demon slayers who want to climb ranks to earn money and fame, but we haven't seen any of them go far. It has been mentioned by Gyomei (Stone Pillar) that the most promising and hardworking demon slayers come from families destoyed by demons and from households who have been slaying demons thourgh generations. That might be one reason why all hashiras have turned out like this (not to mention if the top tiers are like this the lower ranked slayers will naturally follow them)


What do the numbers written in the top left corner stand for?

It's the local time in Japan when the show is currently broadcasted. It has nothing to do with anime show.

A thread on MyAnimeList's forum has a quick discussion about this in English.

The official term is 時刻出し (jikoku dashi, time display). As mentioned before, this is not restricted to anime shows, but more to the TV channel and broadcast time. Usually, this occurs for shows in the:

morning: from the earliest show up to 10:00
afternoon: from 11:00 up to 14:00
evening: from 17:00 up to 19:00 (some as early as 13:00)
special occasions: New Year's countdown, on-going sports tournament, momentary announcement (news, earthquake, climate).

The reason for the morning, afternoon, and evening shows are most likely to remind the viewers, such as:

morning: going to work/school before getting late
afternoon: lunch preparation/lunchtime period
evening: dinner preparation

For this specific example of The Seven Deadly Sins: The Resurrection of the Command, the show was broadcasted on local Japanese TV channels (Japanese Wikipedia):

  MBC/TBS: January 6 ~, Saturday 6:30-7:00
  Animax: February 18 ~, Sunday 19:30-20:00

From the example screenshots of 6:48, 6:49, 6:54, it can be deduced that the scene was taken from MBS/TBS, the earliest broadcast for this series. After knowing the timeslot, it's also possible to estimate the relative timestamp for each scene: around 18, 19, and 24 minutes (next episode's preview) into the show.

References:

Yahoo! Chiebukuro (Japanese)
Yourpedia (Japanese)


Does Natsu still have access to his etherious form and can he still use Fire Dragon King Mode?

Yes. Natsu can tap into his etherious mode, But not whenever. We caught a glimpse at his etherious mode in Fairytail: Dragon's Cry. He was only able to trigger this mode whenever he felt a strong wave of emotion. In the manga series he triggered his etherious mode after seeing (what I can presume as an illusion) of Lucy dying. The anime series hid this mode when future Lucy died (Episode 194-198.) He can also still use his Fire Dragon King Mode, but as he said in the manga, He will use the power given to him by Igneel. He was able to use his mode again without Igneel's power but the results weren't the same. All in All, Yes he can still use both modes, but he needs to obtain that power to activate them by himself (half the way there; already can activate FDKM)


Did Naruto and Sasuke receive the Sage of Six Path's chakra or Asura's and Indra's chakra?

The Wiki only states that Hagoromo gave Naruto Six Paths Yang Power and gave Sasuke Six Paths Yin Power. That's not the chakra specifically, but rather a technique. Although there was some chakra transference involved.

Hamura, Hagoromo's brother, only had Six Paths Yin Power and Hagoromo's children didn't have either.
Indra had Yin Release and Asura had Yang release but they didn't have anything like the power given by Hagoromo to Naruto and Sasuke. I know you didn't claim that Asura and Indra had these powers but I'm just stating that these two powers Naruto and Sasuke received aren't in the same context as their reincarnated power. Hagoromo did give these powers to them because they are Asura and Indra reincarnated but the power didn't develop in them because of this, it was given to them whole by Hagoromo.

The "fusing" of chakra you mentioned was only demonstrated in Sasuke's left EMS turning into a Rinnegan, but I'm not sure if was blending of chakra or simply because he received half Hagoromo's power, so he gets half of his eyes turned into Rinnegan. This last part is highly speculative, though.


What is the original text of Black Hanekawa's tongue twister?

Yes, huge liberties were taken with this phrase. The English phrase roughly corresponds to: "Can you think up a group of caged animals who are dreaming of handling fictional caged animals?"
The Japanese one, however, is more or less the following:

斜め七十七度の並びで泣く泣く嘶くナナハン七台難なく並べて長眺め
Naname nanajyuunana-do no narabi de nakunaku inanaku nanahan nanadai nannaku narabete naganagame. (And of course, you can insert nya in place of na for the kitty effect.)

Now, very roughly, this translates into English as something like...

I have been watching these seven 750cc motorcycles (nanahan) which are noisy like horses, and are placed beautifully at an angle of 77°.

It's very clear the English and Japanese tongue-twisters are nowhere close in meaning. What I can say about why they were chosen is that the English one plays off the sound mee as mew, the sound of a kitten meowing; the Japanese one plays off na as nya or nyan, a common way of making onomatopoeia for a cat's meow.


Quick google search reveals that

  RWBY Vol 2 will premeire at RTX July 4-6 this year! Thank you all for your support and contributions. source


AniDB has a nice releation graph regarding the different Gundam shows and movies.

Universal Century and related timelines

If you are interested in the original story of the Universal Century (UC) timeline and are willing to invest a lot of time (about 74hrs), you can start off with Mobile Suit Gundam (1979-1980) show and work your way through the sequels following the red line in the graph till the latest Gundam Unicorn OVA.

Mobile Suit Gundam: The Origin is the OVA production following Unicorn and as the name implies it tells the background story of some characters and how events lead to the original series. You probably don't want to start with this if you intend to watch the original series and avoid spoilers.

Gundam F91 and Victory Gundam are also part of UC, but are of a new generation (referred as Late UC) with completely new characters and parties. While F91 features similar spaceship and mobile suit designs as well as similar uniforms, and rather falls in the category of a side story, V seems to be completely unrelated from my point of view, this also applies to Gundam Reconguista in G which is set in Regild Century, a period 500 years after Turn A Gundam.

The summary movies of the original show feature new scenes, but I don't recommend watching them instead of the show, rather watch them when watching side stories.

      140 TV show episodes ((43+50+47)*25min)
       13 OVA episodes (12*30min+25min)
        1 film (120min)
        7 OVA episodes (6*60min+90min)
Total: 74hrs 15min

UC unrelated timelines

A page listing most Gundam series timelines and related works is also available in Gundam Wikia. Currently these timelines are in order of production dates: Future Century, After Colony, After War, Cosmic Era, Anno Domini, Advanced Generation and Post Disaster. Shows set in these timelines may share some Gundam specific traits, but they were created to be aired on TV and watched independently to attract new viewers or younger audiences, while loyal fans of the original series are treated with OVAs set in UC.

In the comments above senshin found a guide (see below) that includes most of the shows (at least the various SD Gundam shows are missing, which benefits clarity) up until Gundam AGE and Gundam Unicorn, listing pros & cons for each show.

Spoiler warning: I found spoilers in V (con) and 00 S2 (con), there may be more.

Link: Gundam Series guide from /m/


In the Japanese dub, is there any parallel to Baobao's use of Sichuanese?

I watched the first three episodes of Hitori no Shita, and can confirm that Baobao speaks plain old standard Japanese (hyoujungo), with not a hint of any regional lect. In episode 2, Chulan indeed only states that the details she's reading out are obvious lies.

(It came as a surprise when I learned that she spoke a non-standard variety in the Chinese audio version. Kinda strange that they wouldn't similarly pick a non-standard variety of Japanese for the Japanese version.)


Why could the dragon not bring back Goku after he fought Frieza?

Porunga is not able to relocate someone against their will as stated in the Porunga Wikia. Its his limitation. As Shenron has his own limitation like granting only one wish, not able to resurrect the same person more then one time. Porunga has his own limitation of not relocating someone without his own will.


No. They are best friends. No romantic relationship between them was shown in the manga. They are just two kids inthe neighborhood that got close and became friends.


Do Kirie and Shuichi survive the spiral apocalypse in Uzumaki?

Kirie: Shuichi... what do we do now?
Shuichi: Kirie... I can't run away any longer. Leave me here. You have to keep fighting. I think son this curse will be over.
Kirie: I can't run any more either. I'm staying with you.
*Their arms spiral together*
And with the spiral complete a strange thing happened... Just as time had sped up when we were on the outskirts, in the center of the spiral it stood still. So the curse was over the same moment it began, the endless frozen moment that I spent in shuichi's arms. And it will be the same moment when it ends again... when the next Kurozu-cho is built where the ruins of the old once lay. When the eternal spiral awakes once more.
- Uzumaki, Chapter 19

Ignoring the words we know three things:

Both Kirie and Shuichi become spirals at the heart of the spiral curse.
We know they didn't escape the spiral apocalypse as they became spirals.
We don't know if they didn't survive (are dead) as they looked like they were alive when we last saw them.

Reading the ending we know:

Technically they don't/can't die because time is frozen.
They become spirals for the rest of eternity.

narrated by Kirie, the protagonist implying that she has somehow survived the spiral apocalypse.

This seems like an incorrect assumption. Stories don't have to follow 'logic', such as there being a spiral curse. However the narration is in the present tense and we can easily assume that this is the story Kirie was writing (to memory) or would have written had she not succumb to the curse.


What does the symbol on Akatsuki's costume represent?

Akatsuki was formed by Yahiko, Konan and Nagato. They originally belonged to the Village Hidden in the Rain (Amegakure), who were war orphans. Their costume consisted of long dark cloaks with a red cloud, a red interior, and a chin-high collar. The Red cloud represents the rain of blood that fell in Amegakure during the wars and was seen as a symbol of justice by its original members.

Source.


The way I see it, Eren was forced to make a choice: It was a choice between carrying out genocide against your friends and all the people against Paradis just to atone for the sins of their ancestors and to appease the world or to save Paradis from everyone else.
The world went through all means to make them suffer for all the years they've lived. In Chapter 100, Willy even encouraged every country to fight against the Eldians on Paradis. Eldians in Marley live in internment zones and were discriminated. Let's think about it for a second: was it fair? They were trying to force the descendants of a race to atone for the sins of their ancestors. The descendants who currently live in Paradis and Marley have done them no wrong. In fact, it was them who kept antagonizing the Eldians (e.g. exiling Eldians as titans, sending Titan shifters to recover the Founder which led to the Wall breach, discriminating Eldians in Marley). Naturally, just as how the rest of the world treats them as the enemy, it's inevitable that some of the Eldians would, given the actions done against them, also treat them as the enemy. It's fair to punish those who've done you wrong but is it fair to punish their descendants as well?
The threat of the titans cannot be denied, yes. They could have tried resolving it peacefully but did they give a chance? No. Even Willy wanted the Eldians in Paradis dead. So, Eren did not make the choice. Rather, he was forced to make the choice because the world chose to see them as an enemy. Personally, I think Eren's response was only natural. They were attacked, they responded in kind.
It's easy to say that what Eren's decision would 'carry on the cycle of hatred' etc. But, when trying to understand a character, I try putting myself in their shoes. If I was Eren, would I choose the world over my family and friends? Would I choose to save strangers who condemn me over people I know who were always with me? Would I really sacrifice myself for the people who tormented me, who brought hell unto my life for a sin I did not even do?


Who was Annie apologizing to in episode 13?

In wiki it is stated.

  Despite her seeming callousness, she has expressed a level of guilt
  and shock, most notably when apologizing to a certain corpse after the
  battle of Trost

Various sources say it was Mina which may be true because;

  Mina is shown sitting with Annie at the tables in the background of the
  first few episodes. That shows that they had some sort of friendship
  between them, as Annie is asocial and would have otherwise sat alone.

As counter argument: It is stated that Mina's head is bitten off but in the anime there is no such scene.

  After Eren's leg is bitten off suddenly by one of the Titans, she and
  the other two attempt to kill the Titan that injured him. However, a
  group of Titans arrive out of no where and one of them kills Nac,
  catching her off-guard as another Titan grabs her 3D Maneuver Gear's
  wire, Mina killed anime Mina is caught by a Titan.  knocking her over
  to the wall. When she realizes where she is, it is already too late
  for her to escape; she is grabbed by the Titan and her head is bitten
  off


One Piece song on episode 548 at around 5:12

The song seems to be from the One Piece Original Soundtrack by Kouhei Tanaka (田中 公平) called "Sakusen kaishi ~ osowa reru mura ~" (作戦開始 ～襲われる村～)

Here is a youtube link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ANaEsE5bdI


When did the trend of powerful slimes come about in Anime?

The trend began when the anime called, “That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime” started serialization. This show started in 2018. I don’t know if someone already had an anime that was about powerful slimes before the anime “That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime”, but I am sure that they were not as popular as this anime. There are a bunch of anime’s that are about slimes that started after the anime “That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime”.
If you want more info, here’s a website that I got all of this info from: https://www.cbr.com/slimes-taking-over-manga-anime/.
I hope this helped


In the Berserk anime, what was Guts's interpretation of Casca's "woman issue" in episode 11?

If you read the manga and watch the second film it's much clearer that she has her period and that it's menstrual blood.

The anime couldn't show sexual organs which is why it's so vague. I didn't understand when I first watched the anime either.

Hope that helps!


Do the moths during Grumman's thoughts have any symbolic significance?

I believe this refers to the saying "like a moth to a flame".

The saying indicates that something/someone is irresistibly attractive (not necessarily as in human attraction), but that it will ultimately lead to downfall. Remember, at the end, the flame engulfs the moth, and it dies.

So, Bradley and Mustang are fighting for peace/freedom/a good future. They themselves believe that they cannot stay away from the fight, as it must be done in order to achieve their goals. Yet still, the path they take is being predicted and taken advantage of, which, in the eyes of Grumman, will lead to their downfall.

So, the metaphor with the moth is used in a perfectly valid manner.


Was there an animation mistake between 3:17 and 4:19 in the second episode?

After watching the whole season of the series and reading some other viewers' opinions (namely on MAL fora), I've come to believe this and other (one in particular I noticed, but others may have occurred) "errors" are actually intentional, because of the fact that the series makes use of different timelines as a plot device.

On episode 10, for instance, we get to see the scene from the second episode once again, but this time the bow-tie does not change colours any time, being consistently orange:

On the scene shown on episode 2, the bow-tie colour change was actually accompanied by a rather "robotic" by the other characters. This was particularly noticeable on the exact moments the bow-tie changed colours. This other viewer suggests (on two different instances)that this was all done on purpose , so as to draw the viewer's attention to the "error" of the colour changing bow-tie (and of other particular scenes described on that post).

On episode 10, there was another particularly noticeable "error":

Notice how Yui's dress changes colours once she walks out the door. This viewer (incidentally, the same one from the other posts, though apparently more aggravated on this post) defends once again that this was all done on purpose, so as to show the viewer that several iterations have been made by Yui while trying to save Kaori (capitalisation from the original post, not me):

  (...)YUI IS NOT TIME TRAVELING, SHE IS TRAVELING THROUGH MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS TRYING TO FIND THE COMBINATION THAT WILL SAVE KAORI. THE CHANGES IN DRESS (ALSO THE CHANGES IN HER TIE FROM THE SECOND EPISODE) WERE BOTH DONE ON PURPOSE TO SHOW THAT MULTIPLE ATTEMPTS HAVE BEEN MADE. THEY ARE NOT "MISTAKES" OR IN NEED OF QUALITY CONTROL. THEY ARE A CREATIVE WAY OF SHOWING THE VIEWER THAT WE ARE SEEING THE SAME EVENT FOR YUI OCCURRING MULTIPLE TIMES.

So, after all this, I've come to believe those "errors" are actually intentional, as explained in all of the above. However, I have no official word on this.

There were, in contrast, some minor inconsistencies on the animation/drawing quality sometimes, and these ones are (most certainly) not intentional. I refer these only to have some comparison between what seem to be intentional and unintentional "errors". Here are some examples (the faces are poorly drawn on the first one, and the distance between the hands and the body completely off on the second one):


Are the Chunin exams always held in Konoha?

EDITED:
According to www.naruto2.com, no. It can be held in different ninja villages as well. And because of convenience purposes, the village with the most participating ninjas will host the Chuunin Exams.


Where did the humans used as food in Makai come from?

We know that it was very difficult for A- and S-class demons to reach the human world. So the lords definitely weren't harvesting humans for themselves.

But it seems that it isn't that hard for demons of lower classes to reach the human world. Hiei and his gang managed to get through early in the series. The demon Rando gets through and enters Genkai's disciple selection tournament. The Four Saint Beasts send lower-level demons to scout in the human world, and probably could have come themselves if they weren't sealed inside their castle, since according to the wiki they were all C-class or lower. Hiei's sister Yukina manages to get into the human world, where she is captured by Gonzo Tarukane and then rescued by Yusuke and Kuwabara. Several demon teams compete in the Dark Tournament, which is in the human world, IIRC.

So I think we can assume that lower-ranked demons were coming into the human world and harvesting humans to bring back to the Demon World for the A- and S-class demons to feast on. This is similar to what the Saint Beasts were doing with their scouts.


Why is Parasyte spelled with a y in the title?

According to Wikipedia user Doceirias who translated the Del Rey version of the manga:

  Essentially, the word kiseiju1 is consistently translated as Parasyte, while the word kiseichu2 is translated literally as parasite. The creatures themselves are referred to either as kiseichu or parasaito. The word kiseiju only appears one time (if memory serves) and is used to refer to human beings. I decided the distinction was an important one, and that the word Parasyte actually referred to mankind.

As with writing byte instead of bite, Parasyte is a deliberate respelling of parasite for distinction purposes.

1 kiseijuu 寄生獣: parasite beasts
2 kiseichuu 寄生虫: parasite bugs


Which promised girl is Raku referring to?

As the manga has ended, we have a winner. And the promised girl is

(click to enlarge picture, pictures taken from chapter 221)

   Chitoge

But wait, there is more

   Chitoge overheard that Raku actually like Onodera

   So Chitoge gave the key to Onodera

So, in the end, the promised girl is

   Onodera

So to answer your question, the girl with the key to the locket is the girl whom he promised to love


Why do cross-dressing characters like Hideri Kanzaki usually have high voices?

The whole point of the "trap" archetype is to trick people (both the audience watching the show, and the characters in the show itself) into thinking the character is female when they aren't. If they were to speak with a masculine voice, the illusion would be ruined the moment they opened their mouth, which kind of ruins the point.

Aside from this, it would also be very jarring to hear a masculine voice coming from someone who does not look very masculine. The reverse is also true: it would be extremely jarring to see a muscular male speaking in a high-pitched soprano voice.

Screwball comedies like Pop Team Epic may use ill-fitting voices for intentional comedic effect (see also: Up), but with "traps", the comedy instead comes from people mistaking them for the opposite gender. Giving them a masculine voice would, as I've already noted, ruin that particular gag, and then there's not much point making them a "trap" in the first place.


When and where does Attack on Titan take place?

As @Madara said, Attack on Titan is set on Earth, but in a different situation. This is evidenced by a reference to a real-world legend in episode 15:

   Two captured Titans are named Sawney and Bean, which is stated in-universe to be based on the legend of Sawney Bean.

If we use that same evidence as part of a timeline, there's two possibilities:

The year 850 means that we are at least 850 years following the aforementioned legend, putting us no earlier than year 2350 A.D. This seems possible but unlikely, as their technology shows no signs of being derived from our own.
The year 850 is some marker to an event that happened prior to the legend, in which case we have no frame of reference other than that the story must take place in or after the 1500s. This seems to be the more likely answer.

Keep in mind, though, that in the Attack on Titan universe:

   The oriental races are wiped out; Mikasa has her mother's oriental blood, but is the last surviving member of the Asian races.

With this in mind, it is highly unlikely that it is in Japan or even nearby (though the location is also unstated). However, seeing how many names are European (Jäger is German for "hunter", Armin is a Germanic name, cf. Arminius & Herman), it's most likely that the story takes place in Germany, or at least in Europe, where the remaining survivors of the Titan catastrophe are now cornered.


Why does Kiritsugu refer to himself as a "mahoutsukai" at the very beginning of F/SN?

From what i remember of the Translation of the game Kiritsugu introduced himself as a Sorcerer. to be a Sorcerer recognized by the Magic Association one need to have wielded one of the True Magics.

In Tsukihime, Aoko introduces herself as a Sorceress which she is because she wielded the 5th, however at the time of the original Fate/Stay Night release the Nasuverse wasn't as defined as it was today. While the game explains Thaumaturgy, Magecraft and True Magic (including the difference between Medea's and Rin's Magic) a lot of the information and inner workings of the Nasuverse (along with terminology) comes from the Fate/Complete Works Books, so at the time a Sorcerer/Sorceress was probably just a term to make a Magus seem more important before a majority of the True Magics were defined.

Also, in the wiki on Magecraft it says:

  However, modern Magecraft remains far inferior from that of the past, so much that someone like Medea, who comes from the Age of Gods when Magecraft was much more powerful, would seem like a sorcerer to the eyes of a modern magus, even though what she can do is not really Magic.

Taking that into example, Shirou, a child who knew nothing of Magecraft would see Kiritsugu, who does use it, in the same way a modem Magus would see a Magus from the the Age of Gods.

Also, rather than having to explain the difference between Magic and Magecraft later on Kiritsugu probably figured it be easier if he had just said he was a wizard, since both a sorcerer and a wizard are "users of magic" this probably in japanese would be mahoutsukai either way. This is another reason why Rin disliked how Kiritsugu trained Shirou (even though Kiritsugu didn't actually do anything), because Shirou doesn't know the difference.

Another reason for all of this however as stated by Krazer in the comments is that we see the scene of Shirou though Shirou remembering the events of when he met Kiritsugu (we can tell this though the use of descriptive text of how Shiro feels). Shiro's idealized concept of Kiritsugu may have influence the scene, this would ring true of Shiki in Tsukihime aswell when he first met Aoko and he "remembers" Aoko refer to herself as a Sorceress when they first met when he was a child (and in hospital much like Shirou) while in the Eclipse Ending Shiki makes no mention of Aoko being a Sorceress.


Is Gogeta super saiyan blue confirmed in the new Dragon Ball Super movie?

Gogeta Blue hasn't been "confirmed" to appear in the DBS movie. However, it seems very likely that it might be the case. An animator Yoshihiko  Umakoshi, mentioned on a live NikoNiko broadcast that he was practicing Gogeta. While the above mentioned information is accurate, it has to be noted that Umakoshi's names isn't on the film credits. However, not all the animators working for the Dragon Ball Super movie have been named.When the new DLC (Extra Pack 3), was released for Xenoverse 2, on further Datamining, there was one character who had Super Mad Dance as a super and the Vanisher Guard evasive which are Gogeta's moves. Another character had the Gigantic Meteor Ultimate who is implied to be Broly. Hence, Gogeta Blue and Broly are being predicted to be the new characters that get released in Extra Pack 4, after the movie.Further information with regard to the animator and his comments can be read here.