What actually is modern magic, and how does it work?

TL;DR is at the end

What's a magician?
A magician (or magic technician, or magic practitioner) is someone with a ‘magic calculation area’ in their brain. This is a subconscious region of the mind that allows the manipulation of Psions and subsequent construction of magic sequences to alter a target's corresponding Eidos in a certain way. All this will now be explained in more detail.

What's an Eidos?
First of all, magic is an easier concept to consider if you think of things in two separate planes or dimensions:

The physical plane. This is the world as you can perceive it, reality. This is technically no different to the real-life world you and me are both in right now.

The information dimension. This is a representation of the aforementioned reality, but not as we know it. Each entity in the physical plane (brick, desk, chair, person) is an information body (or Eidos) that is represented in the information dimension as, funnily enough, information.

The two, while different, are inherently linked. Anything that occurs in the physical plane will affect the corresponding Eidos in the information dimension, and vice-versa.
This is, at the most basic level, how magic works. By overwriting the information of an Eidos in the information dimension, those changes are passed through to the physical plane, and affect the target in reality.
Stack Exchange itself does a good job of representing this.
When you begin typing a question or answer, you see two boxes - the markdown box, which is where you edit the text, and a post box which shows what everyone else sees. If you imagine the markdown box as the information dimension, and the post as reality, it’s fairly straightforward to see how magic works - if you edit the text in the markdown box (the target’s Eidos in the information dimension), the post itself (the target in reality) changes to suit the edit you made.

So how does magic reach an Eidos?
Magic doesn't travel through the physical plane, but instead acts directly on the Eidos itself in the information dimension. As long as the coordinates of an information body are known, a magician can influence it with magic.
Hence, magic isn't confined by physical distance.
Think of something like a walkie-talkie - even though the broadcaster isn't directly next to the recipient, they can still be heard, as the emitted radio signal is referencing a specific point in the distance (the other radio). While magic is intrinsically different (radio waves travel through the physical plane, and so have range), some of the concepts are similar.
Additionally, as magic affects the Eidos of a target directly, physical barriers are not barriers to magic - if the coordinates of an information body are known to the magician, he can target them through the information dimension. Having said this, it’s a rare case that magic can be cast through a physical barrier - while magic is cast through the information dimension, a target still has to be identified in the physical plane. As such, magicians are still restricted by the limits of the human body, and so are bound in distance, and nearly always by need of visual confirmation. While all magicians by definition can access the information dimension to cast their spells, this doesn't mean they can use it as a medium for finding targets.
Only Tatsuya can actually "see" in the information dimension and therefore bypass physical barriers at will.

What are Psions?
So, so far we know that each real life entity has a corresponding information body in the information dimension, and that information body can be affected by magic to alter its state in reality.
But, just how does that happen?
In the information dimension, things aren't constructed from base elements like in the real world. Instead, each Eidos is made from a perfectly organised series of Psions, which compile to exactly represent its corresponding physical entity, albeit in information form.
Psions (or thought particles) are the particle manifestation of intention and thought, and are an information element that records cognizance. As they exist in the information dimension, they are substance-less, and are more of a psychic phenomenon, but they are fundamental to altering Eidos - as well as being the building blocks of each information body, Psions are also the tool that alters them.
Each person has a ‘Psion count’, which is, in simple terms, the number of Psions they have at their disposal. Having said that, while everyone has a Psion count, only magicians can manipulate their Psions to cast magic.
Each person’s Psion count is different, and this directly affects their ability to cast magic. While most spells only require a small number of Psions to cast, continual casting will begin to drain the caster’s Psions, and eventually lead to exhaustion. At the present day when the show is set, advances in CAD (see below) technology have improved Psion efficiency, meaning it is no longer as large of a limiting factor in magical capability, but exhaustion from overuse of magic is still a threat to the modern day magician. Naturally, skilled magicians are more adept at Psion manipulation, and get more out of their Psions than an unskilled magic practitioner. Additionally, certain spells physically cannot be cast without a large enough Psion count at the magician’s disposal.

What's a CAD?
To cast magic, a magician will manipulate his or her Psions in such a way that causes them to overwrite a particular Eidos in the information dimension.
However, the process of casting spells without an aid is very time-consuming, as many steps must be taken to correctly construct a magic sequence. As such, almost all modern magic users will speed up this process through the use of something called a CAD:
CADs (Casting Assistant Devices) are frequently mentioned throughout the series (often in tandem with Psions) and are arguably the most useful tool in any magician’s arsenal, allowing the processing of all the necessary components for magic in a single moment. To begin with, there are three main kinds of CAD:

General CADs: General CADs are the tool for magicians that cover all bases. Being able to store up to 99 activation sequences, a magician equipped with a general CAD will likely always be able to adapt to the situation, with the potential for many options at their fingertips. Due to the ability to cast a larger variety and number of spells, a general-type CAD will place a larger burden on the user, who will have to make more manual adjustments for each spell to be effective.

Specialised CADs: Specialised CADs are inferior to general CADs in that they can only store up to 9 activation sequences, but they far exceed the latter when it comes to spellcasting. With less capacity for storing magic activation sequences, specialised CADs instead have subsystems that reduce the strain of casting on the magician, enabling them to invoke magic at much faster rate. Due to the narrowed nature of specialised CADs, they are often specialised according to specific kinds of magic as well. For instance, combat magics will often have specialised CADs in the shape of handguns , which  incorporate auxiliary aiming systems into the ‘barrel’ portion of the CAD. This allows coordinate data to be inputted during magic invocation, making casting easier for the magician, as they have fewer variables to define manually.

Weaponised Integrated CADs: Weaponised Integrated CADs take the form of weapons like a swords or clubs, and are even more specialised than a specialised CAD, being able to hold only one activation sequence. This means they're limited to only a single spell. Due to the activation sequence limit, magic written into the CAD usually involves improving the power of the weapon itself, with blades usually receiving improved cutting power, shields with empowered defensive abilities, and so on.

In all varieties, CADs can come in all shapes and sizes to best suit the magician using it. Another thing that remains the same between both varieties is how the CAD works. Absorbing Psions from the user, the CADs ‘Psion Information Aide’ (software) transmits them into the chosen activation sequence. The activation sequence is then absorbed from the CAD into the magician's magic calculation area, where it is translated into a magic sequence.
Step by step, that goes something like this:

The magician taps into their Psion count, and inputs Psions into the CAD. Think of this as refilling a mechanical pencil. The Psions, like the 'lead', are what will fuel the changes that the user wishes to make.

The CADs hardware converts the inputted Psion signals into electric signals, and uses them to produce a collection of ‘electronic magic’—the activation sequence. Think of this as using a cookie cutter on dough - the final product isn't produced yet, but it has taken form. All that's required is for the user to make some final steps, whether that's baking cookies, or making a magic sequence.

The activation sequence sent back into the caster as electrical signals along the nervous system into the magic calculation area of the magician’s brain.

The magician infuses Psion particles inherent in their body into the activation sequence that’s just been output from the CAD. Now in the user’s brain, the activation sequence is expanded, and any necessary parameters not already defined by the CAD are input.

The magic sequence is now complete. Once all the correct variables are set by the magician, the conjured information can be used (cast) to overwrite the target Eidos in the information dimension. Spell complete!

As a final note on CADs:
As the activation sequence is absorbed from the CAD into the magician's magic calculation area, there is a direct link between the users CAD and brain. As such, it’s important that the CAD in use is correctly adjusted to suit the magician in question. While a well tuned CAD leads to faster invocation times and higher casting efficiency, a poorly configured one can have harsh repercussions as severe as mental scarring and hallucinations.

In summation (TL;DR):

Modern magic is simply the overwriting of an information body through the use of a magic sequence.
There are two planes – one physical and one information

The physical plane is the real world as we all perceive it
The information dimension is a representation of that world where each entity has a corresponding information body

Magic is not the ‘flinging’ of spells through the physical plane, but the precise overwriting of a target’s data in the information dimension
Each information body (Eidos) is composed of thought particles called Psions
Magic sequences used to overwrite information bodies are also composed of Psions
Only those that have a ‘magic calculation area’ in their brain can manipulate Psions to cast magic
Casting spells with a CAD takes the following rough pattern:

Caster > Psion signals inserted into CAD > Electrical signals within CAD to activate the activation sequence > Activation sequence sent back to caster > Construction of the magic sequence > Spell output

Sources:

Eidos on the Mahouka Koukou no Rettousei Wiki
Psions on the Mahouka Koukou no Rettousei Wiki
CAD on the Mahouka Koukou no Rettousei Wiki
The Mahouka Koukou no Rettousei light novels
The Mahouka Koukou no Rettousei anime series
Mahouka Koukou no Rettousei: Yoku Wakaru Mahouka! - A short spin off series of ~4 minute episodes lightly covering some of the topics seen in the show


Can an animated show created outside Japan be called Anime?

Anime is a Japanese loanword used to refer to any sort of animation. Outside of Japan, in other countries, anime is generally considered to be a type of a cartoon.

You can make a cartoon in a style similar to anime, but it can't truly be considered an anime. Why not, you ask? Animation differs by region. This can be because of the different techniques used, ideologies present, and resources available to each production or studio.

Sure, anime can have various different styles and also emulate styles of other countries, and lines might sometimes be blurred when there are collaborations between studios from different countries. What makes them unique is the efforts of people, the people that come together to make them. Anime is what it is today thanks to the efforts made in Japan for the sake of the genre.

It's just like having your ethnic food in a foreign country. Some times it gets close but most of the time it'll have to acknowledge that it's not the same as if you had it in your home country. This may be due to a variety of reasons, like the availability of ingredients, skill of the chef, or even the recipe. While you can say it's ethnic food, it's just not the same.


Why is Touya hiding a phone call from Yuki?

I'll try to answer this as a whole since no episode or season has been specified.

Touya feels bad throughout the entire series and knows he's not really up to much good. In fact, he pushes away the girls who has committed some form of "adultery" with away many times. For this reason, we can conclude there is at least some feeling of guilt brooded within him.

However, the most plausible explanation (note, we can only speculate as the series never says) is Touya has feelings for Rina and does not want Yuki to know they talk outside of business. Touya spends a lot of time with Rina on the job a few times during the season but it was supposed to be strictly that.

One can only assume out of guilt and uneasiness, the natural reaction was to hide personal relations with Rina so that Yuki would not think less of him.


Why aren't the normal titans affected by the 13-year curse?

The following answer contains spoilers from chapter 88 and after. (For those who don't read the manga: it's WAY beyond the anime)

As we know from chapter 88

  among the "subjects of Ymir" there are always up to 9 people who inherit the power of the titans, a piece of Ymir's "soul" or power, which allows them to transform into one of the nine "special" titans. Along with this power they inherit the curse of Ymir, which is the reason they die 13 years after awakening to their powers.

On the other hand the "normal" titans were originally

  "subjects of Ymir" who were transformed into titans by injecting titan spinal fluid into them. But they did not inherit the original titan power, so they didn't inherit the curse either.


Who invented the Rasengan: Jiraiya or Minato?

The Rasengan is an A-rank technique created by the Fourth Hokage, Minato Namikaze, by observing the Tailed Beast Ball. Minato spent three years developing the Rasengan.

Jiraiya taught Naruto how to create and use Rasengan.


Why isn't Baki of the Sand fighting in the Fourth Great Shinobi War?

Another Jonin level shinobi that is missing from the 4th Great Shinobi War is Kurenai (this maybe because of her pregnancy), Ebisu and Ibiki Morino too are missing and he too is of Jounin level.

Since nothing specifically has been stated about their absence we can only deduce that either

1> These shinobi have been dispatched on some special mission and that is not shown in the manga, or

2> These shinobi have been given the duty to protect the civilians that are not directly taking part in the war.

My two cent would be on the speculation that they are protecting the civilians that are not directly taking part in the war. These civilians need to be protected, and the generals need to dispatch a small group of quality fighters that would be able to defend them or move them to safety.


Song from Tokyo Ghoul season 1 episode 10 at 08:25 when Ayato enter a coffee shop


Is there any alchemy-based transportation in FMA?

There is no official word one way or another on this, as far as I can tell.

That said, there is significant evidence that the alchemists outside of the military are not as talented as the ones we've seen. In general, the military tends to pick up extraordinarily talented alchemists for their own purposes. (You can see scenes such as Al fixing the radio, Ed's little parade around town fixing everything, and even Ed fixing up the town after alchemy stopped working for a while; in each of these scenarios, the townspeople are astounded at their skill level.) Alchemists who do not join the military (Izumi, Hawkeye's father) tend to live more secluded lives and devote their time to research or other science.

From this, we can conclude that there are probably few alchemists who are willing to take their time and contribute to an industry (transportation manufacturing) that does not take advantage of their scientific understanding or level of skill the same way being in the military would. Not only that, but the military grants lots of time for personal research as well as huge grants to State Alchemists.

Given all that, it's tough to say that any alchemists would find themselves in the manufacturing industry; this doesn't mean there aren't any able to, though. We've seen Ed able to completely transform the exterior of a car.

However, as I said, since there is no official word on this, we can only assume that the alchemists outside of the military likely do not have the skill nor motivation to participate in the manufacturing of transport vehicles.

In terms of alchemy actually being used for transportation, this is essentially unheard of. The only time this actually happens is when people move between reality and non-reality. (This happens when they are deconstructed and taken into the Gate, or when Ed and Ling escape from Gluttony.)


Is Ash's explanation for the origins of his name correct?

Yes, this quoted dialog response by Ash is incorrect.

Aslan is not even a Hebrew word, it is a Turkish word, and it does not mean "daybreak" in Hebrew. Daybreak can be "shachar" (שחר) as you found, which is a very common name, or "zricha" (זריחה) which is the action of the sun arriving, and isn't used as a name.

Aslan, in Turkish, means a lion, and it is used a lot for names, even in Hebrew (not very common, but we do have this name as last name), this might be the source of confusion for that author.


Can reanimated Chiyo use One's Own Life Reincarnation technique?

The answer to your title question is yes, Chiyo can use her reincarnation technique.

I am not sure if she can do it infinitely, because she is supposed to give up all her life and energy for it. However, you can find an alternate way to infinitely revive people: she resurrects one person, and then repeatedly Edo Tensei Chiyo again.

In regards to your comment on the other post, we can compare Chiyo's technique with Pain's. Pain has never actually mastered the outerpath, which is why he has to give up his life to use it and revive people. In this case, Chiyo is the same; she has give up her life to revive one person. Since Edo Tensei Pain was expected to use his outerpath to revive people, we can also expect Chiyo to be able to do the same with her technique.

From Kishimoto's perspective, this is a really inefficient way to bring back people. That is why there are two other methods, Edo Tensei and the Rinnegan's outerpath. In case masses of people die, he can bring them back in masses. Or in other words, in case Kishimoto kills off too many Shinobi, then realizes he made a mistake by killing them, he can easily undo his error with one skill.


When did people start putting anime characters on vehicles?

These type of otaku-owned car are called Itasha 痛車?, literally "painful car" (painfully embarrassing / painful for the wallet) and started with decoration of cars in the 80s when Japan experienced a lot of growth and many wealthy people started importing many luxury cars. This decoration only really consisted of plushies, stickers and non-permanent features.
According to Wikipedia, fully-fledged Itasha only really started being seen in the 21st century - when internet culture gave the anime industry a large growth sprurt - in advertising, greater fan communities and distribution.
Expert from Itasha article, Otaku USA Magazine, 2009

Most often, stickers are put on the hood and doors of the car and then airbrushed. People who think, "It's kind of embarrassing, but I really want to ride in an itasha! ... But I'd have to hide it from my family and at my job. [..] can quickly take the design off by attaching and detaching magnetic stickers.
Although printing cutting sheets of personal favorite characters and putting them on the car is a popular method, people who are really devoted will commission a specialist to airbrush their designs.

This article mentions a few owners with itasha cars from 2002.
Notable Dates:

In 2007, the first Autosalone (itasha convention) was held.
June 2008, Aoshima Bunka Kyozai launched "ITASHA" as one of the first offically licensed Itasha.

It's not a purely-japanese phenomenon either, there are itasha to be seen in Malaysia , Taiwan and the Philippines too. It hasn't become overly popular in the West just yet however.


Are there any prequels to 5 Centimeters Per Second?

No, there are no prequels. There are also no sequels.

Watch the anime (1 hour runtime; sometimes split into three segments, but they're meant to be watched together). Then, if you'd like, read the manga, which is more or less the same content-wise, but offers a slightly different ending, which

   some might find less soul-crushing.


How could Otosaka Yuu remember his imprisonment if it happened in another timeline?

Unfortunately, the answer to that is that there isn't an answer.  In episode 11, Yuu himself asks this question to Shunsuke and Dr. Tsutsumiuchi.
This happens at 4:54 as seen below:

Some argument over this same topic took place on the MyAnimeList forums here.
In summary, that thread has a few different ideas on how it could have happened but no concrete evidence since the show didn't provide any. If you recall, throughout the series there were several hints of two of them remembering they had a brother. His memories finally returned when he was listening to the live performance of the song incidentally named "Trigger". This was supposedly the first time he had heard it, but he could remember listening to it in the other timeline.
Another theory from that thread is that Sala had an ability to restore people's mind with her voice, as she did with Nao's brother, and upon hearing her live performance his memories returned; however, this is unlikely because he previously heard her sing in the hospital room and was unaffected.
As the final episode has now been aired, it is clear that this will be left open as a plothole with viewers left to interpret it as they please.


Does Fairy Tail have one main goal / plot, or is it just many separate stories?

If you are asking whether or not Fairy Tail is episodic, it is very much not. Similar to other Shonen series, it is broken up into a number of story arcs, with the first few being shorter in length and the later ones being much longer.

If watching the anime, there are a lot of extra episodic filler segments scattered between arcs, but those are technically not canon.

In terms of arcs themselves, around Episode 10 more substantial arcs appear (story arcs of at least 10 episodes), starting with Galuna, Phantom Lord, and the Tower of Heaven.

If there is a 'main plot', the first real introductory seeds (Dark Guids + Zeref, etc) are sown in the Oración Seis arc (according to the wiki, starts apx. Episode 52), but it's hard to pinpoint a 'main plot' until much later. There are more lighthearted arcs mixed in between the more serious arcs but generally speaking I'd consider things post-timeskip to be where things settle in on a main plot (albeit in a roundabout manner).

From the Tartaros Arc (Ep. 234) onwards, it's pretty much the 'highest stakes' portion of the series.


Why we rarely see magic circle during battle in Fairy Tail : Final Series?

I found this reddit post from 4 years ago that addresses this issue. Relevant comments from the thread:

u/AjStarGG: Well, the new studio is following the manga even closer than the old one and the circles are not in the manga.
u/GrumpySatan: The origin of the magic circles was to allow for them to reuse animation sequences. This saves a lot of time and money for anime studios since it helps extend the length of episodes without additional costs. Most animes based on popular and on-going series will use techniques like this. But it has become less popular as it generally degrades quality or breaks up the story.
It was actually fairly popular for fairy tail since they kept it consistent and it made some scenes (Mystogan v Laxus is my personal favorite) really good.

That might also be the reason why you feel the fights ended more quickly.


How do they decide if a tank is eliminated or not?

The calculation takes into effect the power of the actual gun of each tank. The Type 89 the volleyball team used has terrible gun that can't even penetrate the ass of a British Matilda. The StuG III Ausf G that the Hippo team uses a gun that has better penetration.

For the Carro Veloce, their reasoning is that the tankettes are only flipped because of their small size and the computer that does the calculating doesn't register it as a penetrating shot.

As for the Maus, it's the same reasoning as question number 1. The Maus has very thick armor and regular hits from Ooarai's tanks will never penetrate.


What was Avilio's alibi during the after-credits scene in episode 2?

No! This is an egregious case of getting your implied referents mixed up. The Japanese dialogue is:

  AVILIO: ヴァンノが銃を奪われて…俺がセルペンテを撃ったが、遅かった。

  BARBERO: 縄をかけなかったのか。

  AVILIO: 祈らせてくれと、セルペンテが。それでヴァンノは縄を…

Here's what this actually means:

  AVILIO: He stole Vanno's gun. I shot Serpente, but it was too late.

  BARBERO: You didn't tie his hands?

  AVILIO: Serpente asked us to let him pray. Then Vanno untied his hands...

This obviously makes a whole lot more sense. Avilio's alibi starts out the same as what actually happened - Vanno captures Serpente during the assassination attempt on Fango. But Avilio then claims that rather than begging to be spared, Serpente actually asks Vanno to let him pray. When Vanno unties Serpente's hands, Serpente presumably wrestles for Vanno's gun and shoots him before Avilio brings Serpente down.


What's this edited image with a man lying in bed and a spectre haunting him from?

With some google research I found that it comes from a manhwa whose chinese name is
万人夜话: I don't know if there is an English translation of that. Maybe someone who understand Chinese knows the translated title (if it exists).

This is the link to the scan from which the picture is taken (vol. 5).


So let me preface this by stating that I do subscribe to screw attack and I f******* LOVE their death battle series and 1 minute melee. (Shang Tsung vs Akuma was my first one).

With that being said, they are wrong on more than a couple occasions about certain capabilities because they don't seperate canon/non-canon when they do these battles.

Canonically, android 17 and 18 do not have this capability. It is a bit of confusion regarding it because it never appeared in any of the anime (I cannot vouch for the manga). This is because they are a fundamentally different series of machines designed differently from the others on a core level. I won't spoil what those are but lets just say they are more human than you think.

Aside from that in Xenoverse and Xenoverse 2 they did add that skill to their movesets for continuity of the android type characters. Personally, I hate that decision. It was a bad design choice and only adds more to the fact that you can't trust games as cannnon to anime and manga.

Fact of the matter is, their analysis is ok given that they did (probably, I haven't watched the newest one yet) cite the games as a resource that they used. But just because it's cited doesn't make it canon.

Lastly, I'd like to give a shoutout to Dbzfan's answer for bringing this question into more visibility for me. And include some links

1)https://www.reddit.com/r/CharacterRant/comments/6h9hgy/android_18_can_absorb_energy_even_though_she_is_a/

2)http://dragonball.wikia.com/wiki/Energy_Absorption


Third time Katsuragi went to Dezini Park?

I don't blame you for missing it; it took me about half an hour of hunting through the chapters and summaries on the Wikia to figure out that this was Keima's first visit to Dezeni Sea:

This comes from Chapter 20; it's one panel of a montage of places that Keima and Kusunoki went on their date. It's the only glimpse we get of Dezeni Sea; we aren't even told its name at this point. The wikia points it out in its summary of Chapter 103:

  In Desney Sea, Keima mentions that it's his second time coming here after a date with Kusunoki.

We can see this is Dezeni Sea by comparing it to these panels from Chapter 103, when Keima goes with Elsie:

We can see the same castle in the background and the same teacup ride (the teacups even have the same pattern on them).

Then in Chapter 105, Keima goes with Haqua (and Tenri/Diana) and remarks this is his third time.

Keima also goes to Dezeni Sea a couple times after Chapter 105, notably in Chapter 142,

   with Yui, during the Goddess Arc, when he discovers that she's housing
 the Goddess Mars.


Why can't all Level Ds drink blood from blood capsules?

It could very well be genetic. In the manga, it's shown that Zero has been using Blood Tablets since Rido's destruction, there are 2 things which occurred around the time of Rido's destruction:

He drank Ichiru's blood, thus becoming the "complete" hunter he was supposed to be.
He drank Yuki's blood after she was turned back into a Pure-Blood.

We can rule out the second as Yuki's Blood at that time is Kuran blood, which Zero has had before from Kaname. Also, Yuki's blood as a human must have had some link to Kuran Blood as Rido also wanted it to be resurrected. So all that's left is the fact Zero had a genetic flaw since he was only a half-hunter.

In the anime, it only seems to reference that there are others like Zero, but Zero is the only one that I have seen, and I also have yet to seen anyone else in the manga either.


Why would Luffy chant "Gomu Gomu No" every time he is attacking? Is it mandatory to chant the corresponding fruit name for every devil's fruit user?

All fruit users in one piece can use his fruits powers freely, the reason for Luffy and every other to put a name to all actions and shout it in battle is only a trope of the shonen style anime.

This fact can be checked by seeing Luffy "loosing" his head when he ate the fruit, or any logia user making his body ethereal without saying a word. Or moments when characters "invoke" the name after doing the action itself.


Was Code Geass first a light novel, manga, or anime?

It was original, the anime came first then various adaptations. You could confirm this in MyAnimeList. Under "Background":

  Code Geass: Hangyaku no Lelouch is an original anime series by Sunrise animation studio with original character designs by the all-female Japanese manga artist group Clamp.

(Emphasis added)

Just don't be surprised that some good shows are anime-original like Psycho Pass, Madoka, etc.


Is there a meaning/message behind Akira?

The manga is far more informative than the movie. The movie seemed to adapt the first two and the last volumes for its content, without really bothering to explain anything about who characters were and where they came from.

The manga, begins with a nuclear blast that destroy Tokyo and triggers World War III.

   It turns out that it wasn't a bomb, but Akira that caused the blast. Much of the plot of the first half of the manga concerns attempts by the military-industrial complex to contain the power of Akira. The central plot device involved an experiment to create weaponized "psychic" children through neuro-surgery and pharmaceutical regimens. Akira was an experiment gone dangerously awry and the child is now kept deep underground (under Neo-Tokyo's Olympic Stadium) within a sort of giant high-tech freezer.

I believe that there is a taboo on overtly discussing the bomb that speaks to a mediation between repression and remembrance. The memory of a nuclear attack on one's own nation is a bit too vivid of a tragedy for many to face directly. The author makes very good use of  allegories to present a nuclear holocaust through a shounen type of juvenile and imaginative storytelling. This way, a Japanese reader might be able to be drawn into a subject that would otherwise provoke repulsion, or at least unease and anxiety.


Does Evil Natural Water distinguishes between enemies and allies?

Evil Natural Water does NOT distinguish between enemies and allies.

ENW is attracted by negative thoughts and fighting intent. It will target and murder anyone in its general vicinity who displays strong negative energy, focusing on the most negative person.

ENW does seem smarter in the manga, as it used the piranhas within its body to attack Child Emperor. Manga!ENW may be smarter and more refined than its webcomic counter-part, but nothing indicates he chooses his targets differently.


On what chapter season 4 of Seven Deadly Sins ends?

You can start from Chapter 268 (Volume 33). That is where Meliodas is inside the black cocoon and Ban is inside Purgatory.


Why is 1:144 scale used for plastic models?

(Didn't you ask this exact question of SF&F yesterday?)

Traditionally, toy makers have used a 1:12 scale when building scaled down model of real objects, such as dollhouses. This practice pre-dates the metric system, and made it easy to scale down measurements because, at 1:12, one foot becomes one inch.

Now, suppose you wanted to build a dollhouse, and inside it, you want to have a dollhouse. To do that, you'd have to scale down your 1:12 model house by another 1:12, to give you 1:144. This is why 1:144 is sometime's called the "dollhouse's dollhouse scale".

Since 1:12 and 1:144 were already well known and popular by the time anime miniatures came around, the first people to make such models were already familiar with it, and they used it. After that, it's mostly inertia.


In Toriko, what animal's skin does Atom show Terry, Kiss and Quinn?

Unknown creature's skin: ATOM possesses a mysterious piece of skin that appears to have belonged to a creature of tremendous power and vicious bloodthirsty ferocity. Just showing this little piece of skin could invoke paralyzing fear in the hearts of Terry, Kiss, and Quinn.

Taken from Toriko Wikia.

So, it seems never to be resolved from what kind of creature this skin was.


Is Kid Buu twice as strong as Super Buu?

"Darn you, where's your weak point? You're twice as strong as you were before. Your speed, your power"I am assuming this is the line you are talking about. Technically this could be considered filler as Goku fights Kid Buu using only Super Saiyan 3 in the manga and never turns Super Saiyan 2.
Also, this line would be with reference to the fat Majin Buu who Goku fought and not Super Buu as there is sufficient evidence to establish the fact that Super Buu is stronger than Kid Buu.


Why does Stiyl Magnus have a bar code-like tatoo behind his eye?

As mentioned on this fandom-

  Stiyl promised that he will always protect Index whatever it takes, though it is unknown at which point in time he made this promise. Stiyl also received his trademark barcode tattoo, ear piercing and rings after Index had her memories erased.

Apart from this I don't think any special significance is ever mentioned as it would have surely been reported on the fandom and other sites.


In episode 12 of the anime, it is explained in detail.

His dad died before he was old enough to form memories
His mom died from "overwork" trying to support Kaneki and her younger sister
His aunt (which took advantage of his mom) is obviously not the responsible type

As far as the anime goes, Kaneki does not have any other family. As a result, anyone that would care for him is dead, so they can't go looking for him, and his aunt doesn't care about him, so she would not look for him.


Does anime really account for 60% of the world’s animation-based entertainment?

It comes from this document published by JETRO (Japan External Trade Organization) where it says (page 7):

  International sales data is not exact, but around 60% of the anime shown worldwide is
  made in Japan, according to a METI report issued in January 2004. Twenty Japanese anime programs
  were being broadcast on American TV as of March 2003.

(Note that "anime" in this context probably means "animation")

The 60% figure was also quoted by Jim Frederick's article in Time Asia "What's Right with Japan":

  Pokémon has supplanted Astroboy in the hearts of schoolkids in more than 65 countries, and 60% of the world's animated-cartoon series are made in Japan.

Though, no source was provided.

The number of voice-acting schools was attributed to:

  Terumitsu Otsu and Mary Kennard (April 27, 2002). "The art of voice acting". The Daily Yomiuri. p. 11.

Source fetched from the Voice Acting in Japan wikipedia page.

I don't know how to account for the other 40% of animated entertainment. Maybe if you're able to get a copy of the METI report that was issued in January 2004, which doesn't seem to be listed on their website.


Who is this character? I saw a picture and I have no idea

This character appears to be Tori Himemiya from Ensemble Stars!!.
Using Yandex image search, I found this specific image in image 6/10 on the following site (content warning: NSFW (it's from a hentai)):

 this site


What do the runes that roll (while Connect plays) near the end of the second Madoka movie say?

It turns out that the runes in this segment actually represent romaji (transliterated Japanese), rather than German (which is more commonly the language represented by the runes). Jon Lin's comment links to a Japanese blogpost that has done the gruntwork of converting from runes to Japanese.3 I trust they're right; I only double-checked the first few lines of the runes myself.
The structure of the text here is as follows: everything that isn't in white runes is a line said by someone other than Homura at some point in the series. Pink is Madoka; yellow is Mami; blue is Sayaka; red is Kyouko. The text in white, however, is original (i.e. not spoken at any earlier [or later] point in the series), and is "spoken" by Homura (addressed to post-wish Madoka). There does not appear to be any relationship between the positions of the Homura and non-Homura lines.
Here are the non-Homura lines in order from top to bottom and left to right (translations taken from the official subs on the movie BDs), with annotations indicating where in the series they're from.

Madoka: I'm the Nurse's Aide in our class.
[ep 10, timeline 1 / 32:37 in movie 2]1
Madoka: Homura... I'm really glad I became friends with you.
[ep 10, timeline 1 / 37:45 in movie 2]
Mami: I'm not afraid of anything anymore.
[ep 3 / 45:17 in movie 1; ep title quote]
Sayaka: Give that back! That― That belongs to Mami...!
[ep 3 / 48:24 in movie 1]
Kyouko: How do you even call yourself human?!
[ep 9 / 8:13 in movie 2]
Madoka: Even now, the fact that we were in time to save you from that witch... It's one of my proudest accomplishments.
[ep 10, timeline 1 / 37:51 in movie 2]
Kyouko: Want some?
[various; ep 6 / 81:54 in movie 1]
Madoka: Don't talk about Mami that way!
[ep 5]2
Madoka: You too― I swear I'll never forget you either! I'll never forget... the way you saved us yesterday!
[ep 4 / 56:00 in movie 1]
Mami: You don't read between the lines very well, do you? I'm telling you I'll overlook what you did this time.
[ep 1 / 18:01 in movie 1]
Madoka: ...why are you always so cold?
[ep 7 / 94:10 in movie 1]
Mami: Will you really stand and fight with me from now on? Will you really stay with me?
[ep 3 / 43:05 in movie 1]
Sayaka: There's no way I'll ever regret it.
[ep 5 / 69:40 in movie 1; ep title quote]
Sayaka: Miracles... and magic... are real!
[ep 4 / 58:30 in movie 1; ep title quote]
Kyouko: I know you don't want to be alone.
[ep 9 / 26:18 in movie 2]
Kyouko: ...on the one thing that means most to you...
[ep 9 / 25:40 in movie 2]
Madoka: So, is it okay if I call you Homura, too?
[ep 10, timeline 1 / 33:19 in movie 2]
Madoka: You... finally called me... by my first name... I'm... happy...
[ep 10, timeline 3 / 49:01 in movie 2]

And here are the Homura lines, roughly translated by me. It's kind of lyrical/songy, and I don't really get what some of the lines mean (like the one about "a day of blue" [うつろいゆくこの全ては青の日の希望の比喩に過ぎません, guessing at the kanji]), so this is not a good translation. I welcome improvements.

Even if I can't hear what you say,
your words touch me deep within.
You take on the forms of all sorts of things
and shower sparkling dust.
Whether above the city or beneath the waves,
you are my only friend.
Though you never call for me,
you are always there.
All these impermanent things are
but a metaphor for hope on a day of blue.
All that came before
is now fulfilled.
Even the magic I could not put into words
can reach this place.
One day, your eternal wish
will come to take us away.

Notes
1 There's a slight oddity in this line - in the movie, Madoka says 「私、保健係なんだ」 while in the runes, she says 「わたし　ほけんいいん　なんだ」. They mean pretty much the same thing, though.
2 The scene where this line is said (Homura and Madoka at the restaurant, with Homura telling Madoka to give up on Sayaka) is omitted from the movie, but would start near 71:06 had it been present. This translation is taken from the Crunchyroll subtitles at 11:50 of episode 5.
3 Twitter user @Fau3 did a very nice re-rendering of the credits with the runes replaced with their corresponding kana (lower-res stack.imgur mirror), which may be of interest to readers.


How did the Hashirama and Madara statues at the Valley of the End come to be?

From what I can tell, these statues are not protected or enchanted. After the Naruto vs. Sasuke battle at the Valley of the End, the status were damaged, and later repaired. I believe it was a reconstruction job, much like Leaf's faces on the mountain, or the Kage statues at the Sand.

Words of Madara
I honestly don't think Hashirama would give a damn enough to make statues, let alone self-repairing statues. He wasn't the sentimental type.


Is there a standard energy consumption on the usage of Devil Fruit powers?

No, there isn't.

This answer is based on my observation throughout the series:

Paramecia Devil Fruits:

  These fruits give the users a power that can affect their body, manipulate the environment, or produce substances. In general, Paramecia Devil Fruits are fruits that give their users powers other than transforming into natural elements, like Logias, or transforming into animals, like Zoans. (Source)

The amount of energy required for the Devil Fruit user varies from one to another based on their power, with some requiring a good amount of energy while others requiring pretty less.
Most importantly, I think the exhaustion arises from the level of concentration or the use of the fruit to its extreme, rather than from using the fruit's ability directly. My basis for saying so is that:

Luffy expends that energy because he's doing hyper-physical activity, not because the fruit powers innately require energy as a source.

  Gear Second uses even more oxygen and energy, using up more food and causing Luffy to pant heavily. The increase in his metabolism causes him to be hungrier than usual or even have a paralysis type effect after prolonged use of it, like in the second fight with Rob Lucci, where Luffy was only able to lie on the floor.

  Essentially Luffy increases the blood flow by forcing more blood through his blood vessels thus increase his fighting ability. (Source)

Similarly, Law does not get tired just by using "Room". What makes Law tired is the concentration it requires him to control the things in his "room".

  Furthermore, while Law can control everything within a particular area, if he loses his concentration on an opponent, then they can still move freely, as seen when Vergo was able to retrieve Law's heart while he was distracted. (Source)

Logia Devil Fruits:

  Logia Devil Fruits allow a person to create, control, and transform into a natural element or force of nature, depending on the fruit. The user can transform partly, or completely. It is characterized by giving its user the ability to turn into a natural element or force of nature. (Source)

These devil fruits are almost never tiring because the user doesn't have to expend themselves to use the basic powers of the fruit, ie, to convert to an energy/element. Neither have I ever seen a Logia user get exhausted after using his/her energy for a long time.

Zoan Devil Fruits:

  This type of fruit allows the user to transform into another species and inter-species hybrid forms at will. Zoan types are especially effective in close combat. (Source)

Like other devil fruits, using the Devil Fruit directly, ie, to convert oneself to convert to another species isn't exhausting. The way it's used determines the exhaustion level of the user.

  Physical powers granted are restricted to just the capabilities of the proportionate physical equivalent of the animal they are able to transform into. In hybrid form, these strengths of both species may be combined, but again seems to be just a mixture of both forms. While it is true that they enhance the strengths of the consumer, they rely primary on the consumers fighting skills and capabilities.  (Source)

TL;DR: The devil fruits do not innately require energy as a source for their use and what makes the user tired is the way he/she uses it and their stamina also plays a huge part in it.


Short-term concentrated cover series no. 9 "To the Fairy Vearth"

Fairy Vearth is a legendary land that Enel mentions throughout the Skypiea Arc. Enel wanted to travel to Fairy Vearth after he destroyed Skypiea. For this purpose he built his ship, Maxim.

After being defeated by Luffy, Enel headed off to Fairy Vearth, which turns out to be the Moon. There he found a group of alien like creatures - who have wings similar to the Skypieans - which Enel befriended.

Source


What is the actual dialog for this Death Note swimming meme?

This is a rather famous scene from episode 37 of Death Note. Parodies of the scene have become fairly common, including a Know Your Meme page. For an example, this video has clips from the scene set to "Native Faith", the extra boss theme from Touhou 10. Misheard or altogether wrong lines from this scene are also common, as is the case in this particular GIF. Here's the original video; as a warning, it contains major spoilers.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxXJgfR4FWs

As for what's going on in the scene, again, it's very spoilery, but here's a description. It does not involve swimming.

   Yagami Light has just been found out as Kira, the serial murderer, who possesses a Death Note, a notebook with which he can kill anyone by writing their name in the book. Matsuda, a police officer, had a friendly relationship with Light (as well as looking up to Light's father the police chief), so discovering that Light was the criminal they were searching for all-along, and was responsible for his own father's death (as well as many others), was fairly shocking. Light, on the other hand, at this point has succumbed completely to his insane delusions of grandeur, and as he has no more tricks up his sleeve, he attempts to persuade the officers who have caught him to join forces with him, but comes off just looking even more insane. As a result of all of this, the scene is rather dramatic.


Boruto is your sun, isn't he?

This dialogue is a figure of speech. Here Boruto is Mitsuki's sun, meaning, he brightens up Mitsuki's day. Or to put it simply, Boruto brings joy to him. The context of the scene is crucial.
Next, the Otsutsuki brothers do not reincarnate. Indra reincarnated to fulfill his mission of a perfect world, under his reign. Ashura reincarnated to stop Indra and save him from the blindness, with his love. Hagaromo entrusted Ashura with Ninshu, thereby clearing all his goals. Whereas Hamura entrusted his will to his clan. Both had no reasons to be reincarnated.

Here's a much more detailed answer from Reddit (credits to @Wondercricket):

In Naruto Gaiden: The Road Illuminated by the Full Moon we get to see a bit more of Mitsuki's backstory and how he is related to Orochimaru, as well as how he is different from Orochimaru. Orochimaru runs the same test on Mitsuki several times, wiping his memory each time it fails. The test revolves around Mitsuki gaining 2 options, if he chooses either, he fails. He only succeeds upon finding a 3rd option for himself.
When he does this, he is rewarded with information about Boruto. Whom he, at that time, decides that Boruto is his "sun". His "light" in the darkness that will shine a bright future for him if he is to follow him. Hence, he holds respect for Boruto as well as hope.


How different is the story of the Hyperdimensional Neptunia remake?

Without spoiling you anything, I can say that the main setting is the same in both games; Neptune loses her memory, and starts an adventure alongside Compa and IF.

In Re;Birth 1, the dialogue is the thing that has been radically changed. They made the storyline more steadier and more diverse and included special events which can't be found in the original game. There are also more comical scenes included, due to the success of Choujigen Game Neptune The Animation, which had a rather lighthearted atmosphere.

Vert, Noire, and Blanc have now more impact through the whole story, unlike in the original game in which they only had involvement near the end of the game. New side characters also appear in this remake.

Like the original game, Re;Birth 1 also has two different endings, namely the Normal Ending and the True Ending. Althought these are fairly different from the original, too.

Here is an interview with the director Shingo Onodera and Idea Factory CEO Haru Akenaga, regarding the changes made in the remake.


Because All Blue is not a sea in itself, but the point of union of all 4 great seas where every kind of fish of every sea can be found.

Source: One Piece wiki


How is it possible for Trunks to fight with Goku Black, and hold his own better then either Goku or Vegeta?

Dragon Ball is known for inconsistencies and plotholes so it might simply have to do with something of that. But aside of that, some reasonable arguments I've seen online are these 2, each time a saiyan is knocked down it gets a senkai boost when it recovers (increase in his power) . He was knocked down two times, by Goku and Vegeta. In the manga, when he is fighting against Goku, he is said by Vegeta to be almost as strong as a Super Saiyan 3 . It is possible for a Super Saiyan 2 to be as strong or stronger than a Super Saiyan 3, Beerus says Vegeta (in Super Saiyan 2) made him use more of his power than Goku (in Super Saiyan 3) when fighting against him. After fighting a Super Saiyan 3 (Goku) and being knocked down, he recovers as a saiyan to catch up his power, and later he is knocked down by a Super Saiyan Blue (Vegeta), and he recovers as a saiyan to catch up his power. So the argument says that when he might not be as strong as a Super Saiyan Blue, he might not be as far of it as for being unable to step in fresh by surprise in a fight, and score some succesful punches


What is the book referred to in Episode 4 of Asobi Asobase?

According to this review, the term is slightly mistranslated, and is closer to 'Please Save My Butt', a play on 'Please Save My Earth', which is the series that is garnering the reaction.

As a side note, Anal Bum Cover is most likely a reference to the Saturday Night Live skit 'Celebrity Jeopary', in which "Sean Connery" reads the category "An Album Cover" as "Anal Bum Cover"


The significance of characters having initial D in their name in One Piece

Elaborating a bit on the will of D. In short all people born with the middle initial of D have the power to greatly influence or change the current course of history. No person with the name "D." has ever been just a normal person they are the people you see in the news headlines traveling the world and wrecking s***.

Ace, Luffy, Blackbeard, Dragon, Trafalager Law and Gol D. Rodgers all bear this name and are all major characters in the series.

Now determining who is a a "good guy" and who is a "bad guy" is not based off of having the name. It only means that these characters are major and significant or will become major and significant later.

There is some speculation as to the will of D relating to the poneglyphs and the tenryubito in the holy land and whatnot but no cannon plot has focused on that yet. My suggestion is to just stay tuned...


What happen after Enel finished his business in moon?

Enel becomes the ruler of the moon according the wikia
http://onepiece.wikia.com/wiki/Enel

  Originally, Enel met a few more recent ones who came from the planet
  below to avenge their fallen creator on Machine Island. First
  Lieutenant Spacey was the first automaton that Enel encountered on the
  moon. He survived his encounter with the Space Pirates who came there
  to dig up the ancient city located on the moon. After meeting Enel, he
  considered him his savior. After finding his true roots, Enel
  established a new empire on the moon with the automata as his
  followers.

He stays on the moon.


What chemical compound is shown in episode 17 of Monogatari Second Season?

The first image is the structural formula of epinephrine (or adrenaline, depending on where you live).

Epinephrine is a neurotransmitter that plays a significant role in the fight-or-flight response, and so its appearance here makes sense - Koyomi is certainly about to take flight upon seeing the "darkness".

The second image contains the following compounds:

dopamine
serotonin
α-Neoendorphin
epinephrine (again)
(Leu-)enkephalin
norepinephrine (or noradrenaline)

All of these are neurotransmitters, as well, though none of them are as localized to the fight-or-flight response as epinephrine is.


Disclaimer: I'm no expert in Japanese, just a die hard fan of Spice and Wolf.

Holo speaks in a dialect known as "Oiran" that often replaces the common "Watashi" to "Wacchi" among other things. The creator of Spice and Wolf, Isuna Hasekura-sensei made a few adjustments here and there so Holo's dialect is loosely based on it. There has been a bunch of people in the past discussing this here (a reddit post).

Additionally, you can see in an interview with Isuna Hasekura-sensei here where He mentions Holo's unique speech pattern (which is antique in a way), and the fact that this unique way of talking is often lost/corrupted in translation.

When Holo says "Nushi" it roughly translates to "You" when taken into the correct context. Many translators translate the word "Nushi" to mean "Master/Valued Customer", because the word "Nushi" is more commonly used by Courtesans (back in the day) to greet their guests.


Why does it take so long for the translated version of tankoubon volumes to be released?

I got the answer but it's in the Indonesian languange and it's from an Indonesian publisher's perspective. Feel free to edit and improve my answer.

Elex Media is one of the most popular publisher companies for a manga/manhwa in Indonesia who licensed many popular manga series for decades such as Naruto, Doraemon, One piece, Toriko, Hayate no Gotoku and many others. Elex Media has a discussion forum which allows manga reader/enthusiasts in Indonesia who want to see the progress of the manga that would be sold in Indonesia (planned/on-going/etc).

The admin who took control of the forum is also the editor who works for Elex Media, that means, the answer that are all in in this discussion website are mostly a fact. Apparently, the admin always got the same question from users, similar to:

  When will Manga B available in bookstores?

  Why did Manga C take forever to have a next volume ? It's been years since the last volume (e.g D-Grayman, Katekyo Hitman)

  Why didn't Manga B that "was" popular back in Japan get licensed yet? It's been 10 years since Japan had published this manga.

So they made a FAQ page for answers to all of those similar questions. Some of them are able to answer the OP's question.

FYI: an Indonesian edition for a manga is around Rp 20.000 - Rp 50.000 ($1.5 - $4.5), while in Western edition it costs as far as I know around $10, but the Western quality is better than Indonesian edition.

The publisher also mentions about "ILLEGAL" scanlations:

  PS: Never compare with mangascan that circulated ILLEGAL on the
  internet because

  (1) Illegal means without a permit process, obviously
  faster than the legal sources.

  (2) Mangascan (illegal sources) is the usual source of comic magazines, not
  tankoubon (see paragraph 3 above on the length of the process from
  comic magazine to tankoubon).

  TL;DR

  New comics can be confirmed as soon as they get their license from the original publishers.

  QI.01: When does Manga A release in Indonesia?

  A : If it is not listed in the weekly schedule (Forum or Blog), it means that it is still in process, either in Japan (in its comic
  artist / Japanese publisher) or in Indonesia, therefore the exact date
  can not be accurately informed.

  Relevant Image:

  Explanation about the relevant image : Why it takes forever for Japanese to decide: This is based on true story from my Japanese friend, that they need meetings to discuss when to hold the next meeting! Consensus from everyone is important but this delays making decisions..."

  Taken from : Evacomics

  The process of publishing comics is relatively long because many of
  the processes require the approval of the original publishers, either from the process for each chapter.
  in Japanese comic magazines or tankoubon forms (comic units), especially if the comics are published in "Comic Magazine, Indonesia version", then the process will be a little longer ( In indonesia, the title that "soon" would be licensed were included in Comics Magazine. Indonesia have their own comic magazine that published once a month. The content of this comic magazine were a bunch collection of many manga title that appear one chapter only per one comic magazine ).
  (This is why it's sometimes informed that the title pauses are published in
  Japan, to illustrate the density of comic and publisher activity
  against the title).

  In Japan itself has a break between the volume, normally an
  average of 4-8 months, sometimes more. Depending on this series how
  many pages per chapter are published in Japanese comic magazines and
  depending on the Japanese comic magazine is published weekly, biweekly
  or monthly. If 1 chapter of 32 pages and 1 comic takes approximately
  200 pages, then 1 tanko (short for tankoubon / comic unit) takes 6
  chapters. If 1 comic magazine only published 1 chapter / month, then
  at least 6 months new enough material collected for tankobon version;
  and the fastest 1.5 months if the magazine is published weekly. And
  remember, that if 1 chapter 32 pages, there are some comics that the
  number of pages less than that.

  Then after that, this material will be their new process of licensed as
  a tankobon in Japan. Note that This new comic status in Japan are currently on-going manga series

  Trivia 1: Do you know that there is a publisher requesting to submit approval repeatedly simply because the comic-panel retouch should be
  done in such a way that it should not be about the objects they
  specify a semilimeter?

  In Indonesia, after the Japanese tankobon is issued, the raw material is sent to Indonesia and then still processed here, including the process of permitting the contents to be printed which must get Japanese permit every volume (which is the MOST LONG process, ie waiting for the print / approval of contents & cover from Japan). Because once the permit is there, all will be done smoothly, Elex Media just takes 2-3 weeks process and your favorite comics are already spread nationwide to all bookstores.

  Trivia 2: Do you know that there is a publisher who can request to submit
  approval repeatedly only for color control of only one certain illustration image?

  In addition, the Japanese publisher representative agency and the responsible editors in Indonesia do not only handle the 1 title or 1 publisher only, but there are so many other series & publishers handled. So the handling of manuscripts and the preparation of the published schedule also lapse with other series. Elex publishes 50-90 titles each week, just imagine .. more than 200 titles are published every month! ^^

  Trivia 3: Do you know that there are editors who have to outline around every single comic strip, just to check the comic edges should be a distance of a certain millimeter size, so that the results can meet the standards of one of the Japanese publishers?

  Sometimes there are also comics that are stagnant in Japan itself for one reason or another, for example a vacuum comic for research (such as Naruto, One Piece, etc.), comic artist / injury (such as Crayon Shinchan, Princess, etc.), internal problems (such as Topeng Glass, etc.) and so on.

For the western Audience, they have discussed on this thread (Indonesian language).

    Anon: ... let alone see a neighboring country that can release the latest one piece volume in just 2 months after japan releases its latest volume, with price below 20 thousand rupiah and thicker paper which somehow how

  for this one seems to have been discussed on the previous page. The
  greatest possibility can be analyzed from this thread. There it
  is seen that in Indonesia, either because of online pirated read
  prefer or what, the sale of the results received by the Japanese
  publishers to the OP (One piece) as a condition of publication is not
  as good as in other countries. In the thread it's even clear OP does
  not even reach his 1/2 of Naruto's report card and is still far behind
  compared to Detective Conan's report card.

  The usual practice is that the better his report card (after being
  sent to Yen, so the exchange rate also affects), the fair is
  increasingly prioritized in Japan. So if you compare the other titles
  with other publishers that you call, it would be much the opposite is
  also the titles in Elex licensed is faster than other country.

  It is also possible that in other countries, the comic title published
  by the publisher is not as massive as Elex, which currently publishes
  about 15,000 comics with its current cycle of about 100-150 comics
  every month. If the info on this website, the number of titles dealt by the
  publisher is much less (only 8.5% of Elex) so reasonable that the
  bureaucracy, the total title held by the editor, and the process at
  the publisher is slimmer, a little queue.

  FYI if before the permit process, there are many other processes that
  must be passed such as the process of payment of royalties, taxes,
  sales proceeds, delivery of materials, etc., where the process is not
  all per title but there are per batch. :D

  For example the process of permission of comic title I can not be
  processed because waiting process X which processed in batch Y along
  with title of comics II, III, IV, etc which still queue up in other
  process.

Elex Media F.A.Q page


Is the anime called "Working!!" or "Wagnaria!!"?

The original Japanese title was "Working!!". It was changed to "Wagnaria!!" by NIS America for the US release. Source. "Wagnaria" is the name of the restaurant where the main cast works, so it makes sense as a title, even if kind of sounds like the name of a world of magic and wonder where knights and princesses adventure.

THEM Anime claims in its review of Season 2 that the title "Working" already belonged to a 1997 sitcom starring Fred Savage in the United States, which precluded NIS America from using it. I'm skeptical; as far as I know, US law does not prevent two works from having the same title as long as neither infringes the copyright of the other by copying major plot elements or other protected aspects of a work. Otherwise, I don't see how every US TV series ever written could have an episode titled "The Gift" (warning, TV tropes). I think NIS America just felt the title was too plain to catch attention in the US; in Japan it stood out because it was in English, but in the US, it's just a gerund.


Old anime movie. White birds representing death

There are some similarities with Windaria

  The mountainous kingdom of Paro and the coastal city-state of Itha had been at peace for over a century. They would have remained that way but for the ambitions of Paro's power-hungry king. Paro invaded Itha, despite the love between Jill, Paro's prince, and Ahanas, Itha's princess. Caught between duty and emotion, the star-crossed lovers were forced to fight a war to its bitter conclusion. Isu was a simple farmer from the neutral village of Saki, but he saved Itha from being destroyed by a spy from Paro, and found himself hungering for wealth and glory that the Ithan monarchy could provide. Agents from Paro made him an offer to fulfill his wishes, and he left his wife Marin behind in what would turn into a battlefield between the two kingdoms.

As stated on its TVTropes page:

  In this story, the soul takes the form of a bird of red light, and flies off to a mysterious airship over the ocean.

Hence, there is the connection between bird and death, but the color of the birds doesn't match.
The final scene is similar to what you described. The main character felt that he had betrayed his own town by abandoning his fiancée. He regretted what he had done and decided to come back, but what he saw was only desolation. Eventually, he met his fiancée, but after a brief talk, he realized that she was only her ghost, who then took the form of a bird and flew away.
This can be the scene with a man and a woman talking: she killed him and then committed suicide.


What is the recommended viewing order of Steins;Gate?

I think like Monogatari series, this is also a bit opinion-based question. However, going with release order is fine.

I would not recommend the chronological order for the first-timers. You will miss the references and 100% spoiled if you look at things like episode discussions.

By nature, Steins;Gate 0 tries to explain a plot point you already know. You can watch the original Steins;Gate and call it a day, but by watching S;G 0 you can get more of it if you want. It's like good old manga/anime discussions; you like the anime, then read the manga to get more of it.

Now, considering that, I think you should watch in this order:

Steins;Gate
Steins;Gate: Kyoukaimenjou no Missing Link - Divide By Zero
Steins;Gate 0

As for the movie and OVA, well, you can watch them after the original Steins;Gate or after S;G 0. But for me, watching it after the original Steins;Gate is better.


In Danganronpa, how can a classroom trial be called if there are only 2 witnesses available?

Danganronpa V3 addresses this
Note: I am putting it as a spoiler even though it is presented to you before the first chapter.
In the most recent game, DRV3, A school regulation is created by Monokuma. stating:

 #6: If innocent students (hereinafter referred to as "the spotless") continue to survive the class trials, the killing game will continue until only two students remain.

From this regulation, it seems the game will end immediately when only two students are alive. In the situation you presented, one of the final two will be the blackened. However, the regulation states "two students", not "two spotless students". This means that the game will end with two students, regardless of their blackened status.


The moon was destroyed twice and recreated twice.
The first time, it was destroyed by Jackie Chun, by using a MAX Power Kamehameha in the 21st Tenkaichi Tournament.
It was later recreated during Goku's training with Kami, after Kami removed Goku's tail. This was revealed during the 23rd World Martial Arts Tournament.
It was then destroyed by Piccolo during his training with Gohan.
From Dragon Ball Wikia

After this, the Earth's moon was never shown again until the Trunks Saga.

Now moving on to the questions from the forum:

that one guy(his name escapes me at the moment) who looked like Goku blew it up in DBZ the movie the Tree of Might

The "one guy" mentioned here is Turles.  And what he blew up was not the moon, but a Power Ball. He had created the Power Ball to make Gohan transform into his Great Ape form. He then destroys the Power Ball to prevent himself from turning into a Great Ape, as he claims that he would lose his wits if he does.

and didnt it get destroyed in DBGT when Baby come to earth?

Highly unlikely, because I recall in the fight between Goku and Baby on New Planet, Goku transforms into the Golden Great Ape due the reflection of the Earth and

the people present for the battle questioned where the moon was, including a brainwashed Bulma and Baby himself, giving an elusion to the moon whereabouts.
source: Dragon Ball Wikia

But from the Wikia itself,

In Dragon Ball Z episode 118, "Frieza's Counterattack", the moon can be seen while the Earth is briefly shown from King Cold's spaceship. The moon also appears in the sky in one scene of the movie Dragon Ball Z: Wrath of the Dragon. It is possible the moon was restored when it became clear that there would no longer be threats from evil Saiyans/Great Apes

This reminds me of Dragon Ball GT's inconsistencies. Nevertheless, the official number of times it was destroyed was 2.


What is the song played during Sasuke's and Itachi's final battle?

Bingo. The name of this song is Hidan. You can check it out here.

Though it might sound a bit higher in pitch to the link you provided, the tune seems very pretty much alike, maybe it was modified because of, you know, to avoid copyright infringement.


In the final episode, Hikari's father explains:

  Children born to a person of the surface and a person of the sea lose their Ena. For this reason, the people of the sea had to hibernate before the surface met its demise. We had to make sure that there were enough descendants to leave behind and that there was a chance at a future.

Hibernation in this series seems to be equivalent of Cryonics. Which is where an organism is preserved for virtually an indefinite amount of time by being frozen. During this process, the organism is frozen in time and does not age.

So the belief is:

There's an apocalypse coming. And everyone on the surface will die.
If the entire population of Shioshishio marries into the "surface people", there will be no one with Ena to survive the apocalypse.
So the only way is to hibernate through the apocalypse.

But then Hikari's father continues on:

  But Miuna prove me wrong. Miuna has Ena now. That means there's hope for the future even if we wake up.

This is why everyone wakes up.

So biologically, there is no need for an individual to actually hibernate. That's why Chisaki is fine having been on the surface the whole time.

On the other hand, there's nothing in the Anime that seems to explain why Hikari, Manaka, and Kaname woke up naked on the surface.


What are those devices in Ghost in the Shell they use to arrest suspects?

It is in chapter three of the manga:

Apparently in the manga, it renders them unconcious, but their bodies can still be moved, but in the anime, they become temporarily quadriplegic.


What do I have to read/watch to understand the story of the Super Dragon Ball Heroes manga?

I say read Dragon ball heroes because it is not in line with the actual dragon ball it is a different story but with the same characters it is a multiverse story


Spoilers galore:

   Kite was killed and was fed to the ant queen. When the queen was killed, she had one last baby, a little girl. That little girl was known to be Kite because she rejected the name her caretakers gave her and referred to herself as Kite. This happened in Episode 92.

Please see this wikia entry for more information.


In which episode of the anime did Aokiji (Kuzan) and Akaino (Sakazuki) fight?

The fight has never been shown: it happened in the 2 years gap and at the moment we just know it was on Punk Hazard and that Akainu won after 10 days of fighting (I hope there will be a flashback at some point showing the fight).

This is a video taken from episode 570 in which Jimbei explains the situation.
The fact that they fought on Punk Hazard is explained in episode 582.


Laxus' plan. Would he have fought Makarov?

Laxus knows Makarov well. He knows that above all Makarov values the safety of his "kids" and the adoptive city of Magnolia. Much of his irritation and the plan for "Battle for Fairy Tail" comes from the fact that the guild was able to handily destroy one of the strongest guild in Fiore, "Phantom Lord". He might have planned to use that situation to bargain his birthright as the leader of Fairy Tail and building it as the ideal and strongest guild possible in his image.

Let us looks at the facts

He uses Evergreen's magic to hold several mages including Erza as a hostage for the others to fight in his farce.
He uses Fried's runes to boobytrap the city so he could emotionally torment Makarov when he sees the "idiot kids" of his clan taking each other out.
He also uses Fried's runes to NOT ALLOW Makarov to leave the Guild Hall.
Mystogan is rarely present in or around the Guild usually absent for long duration of time.

From this fact we can surmise that Laxus never truly intend to fight the Master. He knew Makarov was old and frail, and had considered that he would step down. He was just trying to force his hand. He removes Erza from the fight early on and knows Mystogan is normally out of the city. Thus he didn't expect them to fight. His plan was for the master to surrender the guild once everyone was out of the battle of the fairy tail. Natsu, Gajeel being trapped in the guild was just a comic relief and foreshadowing of their history. So he didn't intend to fight Makarov, Erza or Mystogan. He tried to up the stakes with the Thunder Palace but he never expected to use it.

TL;DR Laxus knew Makarov well and he would have "just" handed over the guild to Laxus rather than see the members get hurt. Laxus had planned beforehand so Erza, Mystogan and Makarov can't participate in the Battle.

The real question is why would everyone go into this farce? Just threaten to quit. I am sure it will not be ideal to Laxus that his guild contains just him and the Thunder Legion.


Is there any real world equivalent measurement to a Gomu Gomu?

No there is not. At the SBS of chapter 30, Oda was asked how far Luffy's arm can stretch. He humorously replied

  O: Pretty far. Right now it can stretch about 72 Gomu Gomus. Luffy was telling me before how he wanted to try hard and reach 100 Gomu Gomus.

Later at the SBS of chapter 47, he was asked how many liters go into 1 Gomu Gomu and he replied

  O: Oh, you've come again! Gaimon's son. In "1 Gomu Gomu" there are "10 Fairy Tale Gomu Gomus". And in each "Fairy Tale Gomu Gomu" there are "10 Funky Gomu Gomus" so, in other words Luffy's arm can stretch around 7200 Funky Gomu Gomus. Understood?

When reading the SBS's you will see more of these funny replies and measurements come up, but you will never get a real world comparison.

The problem is that Luffy moves around too much. Oda was never able to measure how long one Gomu Gomu is. We will just have to trust Luffy's word, that it really is 72 Gomu Gomus and we can only imagine the real world distance.


Why was Ed's arm strong but Al's body not?

Firstly, it's worth noting that the difference in their strength is perhaps not as drastic as it appears. Though Al's body has essentially wasted away, you can see that Ed's right arm is significantly weaker than his left arm as he did not have it during during the series (or for several years before), in which he had a lot of physical improvement.

However, as you mentioned, we can still notice that there is a difference. Ed's looks normal, though somewhat skinny, while Al's looks like complete skin and bone.

Unfortunately, I can only offer speculation as to why this is. Ed realizes that it's possible that he and Al were somehow interconnected within the gate, which allowed him to provide nourishment to Al's body through some kind of connection.

However, assuming this is true, it's easy to observe that Ed remains fully nourished and Al is significantly more starved. By this logic, if we assume that Ed's arm, too, is connected to his body in the "real world", he could be nourishing that at the same rate as his regular body, while Al's body would only have received partial nourishment. Unfortunately, this is never stated in the series, so it's just a guess.

So, while it's not a complete or necessarily canon answer, the best I can surmise is that while Ed's nutrients are feeding both his own body and Al's, he is receiving the lion's share of those nutrients, allowing his arm to degrade at a slower rate (or not at all).


How closely does the anime movie "In This Corner of the World" follow the manga?

According to Japanese Wikipedia, the differences are (warning: also includes spoiler from the manga):

The time period at the beginning of the story (year 1934 → year 1933)

 At the beginning of the story, the time period of the episode when Little Suzu encountered the kidnapper on the way to deliver seaweed was advanced from "January 1934" to "December 1933". In the movie, after passing through various circumstances such as the reworking of the production plan, the time period of this episode was set in December 1933. In the movie, the state of the busy town in the Christmas shopping season is depicted. However, on that year, there was an event of the birth of the Crown Prince on December 23, the day before Christmas Eve, thus the celebratory mood should have continued from that day until the new year. Because of that, the episode at the beginning of the story was set sooner than that date.

The emphasis on character relationships (Suzu-Keiko, Shusaku-Rin-Suzu, Teru-Rin-Suzu)

 In the movie, the relationship contrast between Suzu as a wife and Keiko as a sister-in-law is the main point. The appearance of the courtesan Rin, a major character in the original was reduced, and an episode related to the love triangle between Shusaku, Rin, and Suzu is not shown. Along with this, the appearance of the courtesan Teru who mediates the reunion of Suzu and Rin in the original is cut to one scene only without any line. However, Teru is mentioned in Suzu's flashback and Suzu has possession of Teru's red cosmetic item, which Rin handed over to Suzu after Teru's death in the original.

The scenes related to the characters' point-of-view

 In the movie, the scenes from men's point-of-view like details of weapons such as ships and fighters, the feeling of male characters and more, were added, supplementing the women's point-of-view drawn in the original. During the beginning of the bombing of Kure (chapter 26 in the original), while Entaro is lying down protecting Suzu and Harumi, a dialog regarding his emotion to the Homare engine mounted on Kawanishi fighters while dogfighting US fighters in the air was added. Also in this scene of the movie, when Suzu is fascinated by the sight of war, colorful bomb smoke is shown using paintbrush inside her imagination. While this was not shown in the original's monochrome, it's an arrangement based on the historical fact that coloring bullets for identification were mixed in the anti-aircraft guns of warships.

Suzu's reaction to Japan's defeat

 When Suzu flew out of the house raging after listening to Jewel Voice Broadcast reporting Japan's defeat, her line is changed when she looks at the raised Taegukgi and breaks down crying. In chapter 38 of the original, Suzu feels that the justice they believed was lost and she talks to herself whether Japan will yield to violence since other countries have been conquered violently, while in the movie, her monologue is about whether they should yield to violence since they live on rice and soy coming from the other side of the sea. Regarding this, Katabuchi stated that Japan's food self-sufficiency at that time was not high and there were circumstances in which we had no choice but to rely on grain imported from abroad, and to talk about the same thing as the original, he said that he thought that it was better for Suzu to respond to food material since she is always doing the kitchen work. As a related depiction, when Suzu visits the black market, a random character refers to Taiwanese rice, a line not included in the original has been added.

Note: a 30-minute extended version of the movie, titled In This Corner (and Other Corners) of the World will be released on December 2018 (Source: AnimeNewsNetwork).


Are anime and manga subsidized or actively used by Japanese government to promote Japanese culture/relations internationally?

The Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) has sponsored many programs that uses anime to promote culture and tourism. Last year, they published an English-language "Japan Anime Map" that highlights the locales in the country with ties to anime.

The map provides info on the various real-life settings in animes such as Lucky Star, The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya, true tears, and Summer Wars.

It also lists anime-related museums and theme parks such as Sanrio Puroland, Studio Ghibli Museum, and the Kyoto International Manga Museum.

Info on anime-related shopping areas such as Tokyo's Akihabara, Nagoya's Osu Electric Town, and Osaka's Nipponbashi (aka Den Den Town). Also included are shopping suggestions for souvenirs to bring back such as Gundam plastic models, soft vinyl toys, and Nendoroid figures.

Naturally it also provides insight on on otaku culture topics such as cosplay, figures, and games, and also anime-related events such as Comic Market and World Cosplay Summit

The JNTO had previously collaborated with the Hakone Tourist Association to produce the "Evangelion Hakone Instrumentality Map: English Version," and the "Cool Japan Poster: Hakone" to cover the town of Hakone near Tokyo.

One of the more noticeable ones is the Young Animator Training Project.

In 2010, the Agency of Cultural Affairs of Japan invested 214 million yen (over 2 million USD) in the so-called "Young Animator Training Project" and entrusted the execution of the project to the Japan Animation Creators Association (JaniCA).

In the following years JaniCA produced several original anime in cooperation with different production studios, continuing to receive money from the Japanese government. Each of the single episode anime was 23 minutes long. Young animators receive on-the-job-trainings under the supervision of professional anime creators as the works are shown on TV and/or at anime events.

One of the reasons that the Agency for Cultural Affairs is supporting this initiative is the concern that more of the Japanese animation process is being outsourced overseas -- thus leading to a decline in opportunities to teach animation techniques within Japan.

For those interested, here is the trailer for the four shorts for Anime Mirai 2013 Young Animator Training Project, scheduled to premiere March 2.


How much time have the Straw Hats spent with each other?

Several people have wondered this same thing before, and have done plenty of research on the topic. Below I've compiled a couple of the more popular ideas on the passage of time in the One Piece universe.

There was a similar question asked on Reddit:

How much time has passed in the One Piece world?

To which Redditor /u/jaydoubleyoutee responded:

  Time in the East Blue is close to impossible to map out.
  Grand Line is a bit easier though. Loguetown, Reverse Mountain, and Whiskey Peak are the same day. They leave Whiskey Peak the 2nd day. Then several days pass when they reach Little Garden so I'm guessing it's been a week now. They are attacked by Wapol on the 8th day and reach Drum on the 9th. Four days pass and they meet Mr. 2. Five days til they get to Alabasta. The war breaks out two days later. Luffy sleeps for 3 days. They leave the next day, then get to Jaya the same day. They get to Skypiea the next morning and defeat Enel the day after that. So it's been like a month at this point.
  Then they reach Longring Longland and stay for four days. Three days later they reach Water 7. The next day is the Aqua Laguna. That night they raid Enies Lobby up until the next day. Luffy rests for two days when Garp shows up. Sunny is built in three days and they leave. Several days later, they reach Thriller Bark. They defeat Moriah at sunrise the next day. They sleep for one whole day when Brook joins. They leave two days later. So all this is between three and four weeks.
  Several more days pass when they arrive at Sabaody. Luffy is sent flying by Kuma and reaches Amazon Lily the next day. He wakes up from the mushroom after a day and befriends Hancock. Five days later they reach Impel Down. The next day is the war. Two weeks pass when Luffy wakes up at Marineford. So about a month has passed since they left Thriller Bark when Luffy decides to train for 2 years.
  Post-timeskip, it's only been three days. They reach Fishman Island and stay for a day. They leave and go to Punk Hazard. The third day is now on Dressrosa.

A comment, coincidentally by the same Redditor, on this question explains the 3 days post-timeskip:

  Day 1: Straw Hats arrive at Sabaody. Go to Fishman Island. Beat Hody and challenge Big Mom. Tea Party in 4 days. Will take Pekoms and Tamago 3 days to get there.
  Day 2: Camie asks for the day off, so it can't be Day 1 since she had that day off too. Straw Hats leave Fishman Island and make an alliance with Law on Punk Hazard.
  Day 3: Law says on Day 2 that the paper in the morning will have Doflamingo's resignation. They reach Dressrosa that day. Pekoms and Tamago are still on their voyage to Big Mom.

Another way that people have tried to pinpoint the amount of time is the moon cycles that Oda depicts during night time scenes in the manga. Here is an excerpt from the One Piece Wikia on this matter:

  In One Piece, Oda has depicted the moon several times, it has been discovered the moon's phases progress with the storyline's own timeline and therefore it can be used as a judge for the number of days that have passed on their journey. However from the first sighting in the Syrup Village Arc (waxing crescent) to the start of the Amazon Lily arc (waning crescent) would work out to be only 21 days by this guide. Although due to certain conditions on one of the phases seen, it could be as much as 42 days.

One point to be made is that we know the characters have only aged 2 years, the length of the timeskip. So the time spent pre-timeskip is definitely less than a year. Based off the information I've shared above, it's more likely to be just a couple months.

It definitely feels very strange when you consider how long we've been watching their journey, and I think Oda sensee agrees since he made this joke in SBS Volume 24:

  Q: It takes while for time to pass in manga, doesn't it? Since it's a weekly thing. So, should we wait like 2 more years for Luffy's birthday?

  A: No, no, no. He has a birthday every year, just like everyone else. It's just that, in Luffy's case, every year is his 17th birthday. Doesn't that make you jealous?


Those who have been following the manga into the Dark Continent ark will already know the answer:in Chapter 373, Prince Camilla's nen ability allows her to be revived after death in return for the life of the the attacker.

A related and slightly more interesting discussion might be whether this was plausible given the information we had on nen pre-Camilla. The idea of nen getting stronger after death is introduced in Chapter 120, in the Yorknew Arc. From the wiki

  The most common reason for this phenomenon to occur is the ability of
  the dying user while harboring a strong grudge will cause their Nen to
  seek out the object of their hatred and cling to it

We've been told that post-mortem nen is stronger that usual nen, but that doesn't necessarily mean it can do all the sophisticated things that a nen-user can manage when alive with a functioning brain. However, there's strong evidence to suggest that post-mortem nen can carry out everything the nen-user could pre-program when alive.

On a fairly basic level, the Phantom Troupe were worried about Kurapika's nen going to Chrollo and potentially killing him. There are two ways I can envisage this happening. Firstly, there's also a risk from the nen itself; we learn in Chapter 48 that just sending nen into someone not protected by their own nen is enough to break them into bits. Secondly, the chain around his heart could be activated by the post-mortem nen. However this would mean Kurapika's nen activated without Chrollo necessarily breaking the rules, so the post-mortem nen is not following the original rules (we see in Chapter 352 that this is possible but with a bit of a complicated mess with mixing abilities). So we see Kurapika's hypothetical post-mortem nen doing two things 1) moving to a different location or 2) activating an already implemented ability.

Of these two, its mainly the latter that we see later. In Chapter 307 Pitou's post-mortem nen ability moves Pitou's corpse in order to kill Gon. Note that Pitou had already implemented his ability onto himself and Pitou's ability was already able to move corpses. Now to Chapter 356/357, Hisoka is able to program his post-mortem nen to beat his heart and lungs after death. It's debatable whether he already had the ability to program his bungee gums to activate at certain times without his input, but it's certainly plausible. In either case, it doesn't hurt our argument that post-mortem nen can do everything it's original user could program it to do.

So we've seen that post-mortem nen can be programmed (and we've seen pretty sophisticated programming going into nen abilities - Bomber for example). Now nen can do pretty much anything plausible in universe for the right price. So there are two questions remaining: 1) is coming back to life allowed in the world of HxH? 2) what would the price be?

Just to emphasise that this isn't stupidly obvious from our previous discussion; whether Hisoka actually died in the sense that his brain stopped functioning completely is arguably ambiguous; one can go a fair amount of time with your heart stopped before you die and as this is HxH world, we can assume everyone is a little superhuman.

I think what appears to be an unrelated fact is relevant here: the Chimera ants and the memories of their 'previous life'. Scientifically, I'm fairly certain there is no way that a mushed up mix of brain and genes can retain lifetimes of memories (but I'm no expert here) and Togashi even refers to the soul in Chapter 337 to explain this:

  The soul is probably small, but it has the energy to reincarnate itself

So reincarnation with memories is possible in HxH canon. It doesn't take a big leap to say that revivification is possible, as long as the body is intact, as required.

To summarise, post-mortem nen can do what you program it to, nen can do pretty much anything that is allowed in universe and revivification is plausible. As for the price - who knows - anything goes really when you ask what balances out with bringing somebody back to life, from 'life is priceless' (e.g. FMA) to 'life for a life'. But revivification nen abilities are cool, bring an interesting dimension to nen fights, and HxH is written by Togashi, so perhaps a Prince Camilla type nen ability is to be expected.


Which was the name of this Rurouni Kenshin song?

The song in your video is the third ending in the series named 'Heart of Sword'.

You can find it here


Sukuna has 20 fingers. If Yuji were to eat all 20 fingers, then still Sukuna won't be unleashed (currenly there are 147 chapters in manga, so the reason is still yet to be known). Itadori can supress him, and the only way to unleash Sukuna for a little while would be to consume several fingers at once, but after a certain amount of time Itadori would take control again.
Currently Sukuna can only take control of Itadori’s body only for a minute (Sukuna calls it "enchaning") and can't kill or hurt during that minute. It was a binding vow and Itadori doesn't remember he agreed to that and this option hasn’t been used.

 Currently, Yuji has consumed 15 fingers as of chapter 147

Sources (Warning: spoiler links):

https://www.quora.com/In-Jujutsu-Kaisen-if-Itadori-consumes-all-20-fingers-will-Sukuna-be-unleashed-having-taken-over-Itadori-s-body-completely
https://www.reddit.com/r/JuJutsuKaisen/comments/hk981f/sukunas_fingers_status/
https://jujutsu-kaisen.fandom.com/f/p/4400000000000023463


Anime about black haired teen who opens a manga shop in another world

You're probably thinking of Outbreak Company

  Shin'ichi Kanō is a young secluded otaku who is offered a job thanks to his vast knowledge of anime, manga and video games. However, just after meeting his new employer, he is kidnapped, awakening in an alternate world with a fantasy setup. Shin'ichi is then informed that he was in fact selected by the Japanese government to help improve his country's relations with this new world by establishing a company to spread the unique products of the Japanese culture to this new, unexplored market.


Does a ninja have to be a Jōnin to be a Kage?

According to Naruto's case, it might be possible. Hokage is praised to be the strongest shinobi in the village, while strong shinobi is capable of passing Chuunin/Jounin exam. Naruto has only participated in the Chuunin exam twice throughout the whole series. One is during the Chunin Exams Arc, and the other one is in the 5th OVA of Naruto Shippuden. He failed both exams anyways. Nevertheless, he's still strong, but his silliness made him failed the 2nd exam. Shinobi rank might not be the most important fact to consider when electing a new Hokage, they need to be loyal and trustworthy, as Naruto has all of it.


What's the basis for the gender of Black Hanekawa as reported on the wikia?

Hope answers from the light novels are okay. I remember the anime following the LN very closely on this point, so it shouldn't affect the outcome.
Black Hanekawa's biological sex is female. Its body is the body of Hanekawa Tsubasa, who is most surely female. (If anyone has any doubt on this point—look at what Koyomi's always fixating on.)
Oshino does some speculating in Neko Black, but the most definite information comes from the later parts of Nekomonogatari White. The issue of its gender identity is far murkier, as it tells us itself in Nekomonogatari White, Chapter 61, just after it reads Tsubasa's letter on the origins of Kako, in which she calls Black Hanekawa her little sister:

Besides, I was male when when I was run over, so it's weird to call me a little sister—and in the first place, even though my base was the Hindering Cat, seeing as I was created by raw material cut off from Mistress, my gender isn't just vague, it's undeniably a grey area between being a sister and being a brother nyah.
What's the point of asking an abnormality about its gender, anyway?

Here, Black Hanekawa calls into question the idea that kaii even have genders or that the concept is meaningful for them. (After all, they don't seem to use sexual reproduction.) Even Shinobu, who is obviously female, seems to be pretty much the same as male vampires except for outward appearance; her sex is a holdover from her time as a human, when it did matter. (See Kizumonogatari on Shinobu once being human.)
Given the context of the above quote, it seems like Black Hanekawa was trying to mock Tsubasa for getting things wrong (against her usual inclination). Just before that remark, it says

That said, it looks like Mistress has still got a few misunderstandings nyah—though I suppose, seeing as she was conjecturing with a lack of data to base her decisions on, these mistakes couldn't have been avoided nyah.
Plus, both the style and content of the letter [that Tsubasa wrote to explain the situation to Black Hanekawa] are all over the place by Mistress's standards—it definitely wasn't something written while she was calm nyah.
It isn't a situation to be hoping for full marks anyway, so getting an 80 for an A-grade is good enough nyah.

So the above quote is in the spirit of continuing to call out Tsubasa on her minor mistakes—she calls Black Hanekawa her little sister, and it responds by nitpicking her for assuming it was female. That suggests this isn't a serious statement about Black Hanekawa's gender identity.
In Nekomongatari White, Chapter 60, Tsubasa speculates that Black Hanekawa existed inside her long before she ever encountered the Sawari Neko. In Neko Black, Oshino hypothesized something similar—that the Sawari Neko's consciousness is completely gone from the equation and it's really just its powers being directed by Tsubasa Hanekawa's unconscious will that comprise Black Hanekawa. If true, that makes the Sawari Neko's gender even more irrelevant. But none of this necessarily makes Black Hanekawa's gender identity female—it could be a suppressed masculine part of Tsubasa that expressed itself in the fusion of Sawari Neko and Hanekawa that created Black Hanekawa.
Kako, the Inflaming Tiger,

 is also a spinoff of Tsubasa, yet is always treated as male, except when Tsubasa calls it her "little sister".

But there's no evidence I can remember in the books or anime to say that Black Hanekawa actually identifies as male. It's murky, for lots of reasons, and I think it was presumptuous of the wikia to post that line as it did. Furthermore, it seems pretty far out there to assume that this means Tsubasa herself has a nonbinary gender identity, whatever the situation with Black Hanekawa is. Tsubasa is in love with a male, Koyomi. The imagery in the anime during Tsubasa Cat Part 5 even suggests she wants to have a sexual relationship with him. Tsubasa seems uncomfortable with Hitagi's grabbiness earlier in Neko White when they shower together. Nothing she ever says or does suggests that Tsubasa Hanekawa doesn't identify as female. The most we could say on that score is that there's a vague possibility she may have had something like a split personality inside her that identifies as male—and that's almost pure speculation.
Sorry to burst anyone's bubble, but the evidence does not support the idea that Tsubasa Hanekawa is not biologically and psychologically female. And the evidence for Black Hanekawa is very ambiguous, and muddied by the irrelevance of gender for non-human kaii.


What's the OST that plays when Jiren powers up at the end of Dragon Ball Super 126? I've been trying to find it for ages

The name of this OST is Memories of time ! It is composed by Norihito SUMITOMO and can be listened to by this YouTube link (Recreated by Pokemix92) .