In what order should I watch Sailor Moon series?

there are 2 Sailor Moon series. Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon Crystal, the latter being a more faithful adaptation of the manga but still different

  Sailor Moon Crystal is its own canon. It follows the manga more closely than does the classic anime, but also has points where it veered away from the manga content in ways that conflict with both manga canon and classic anime canon.

for episode lists you can look up Wikipedia and watch from the first episode

Sailor Moon Crystal Episode List
Sailor Moon Episode List

currently Sailor Moon covers more of the plot as Crystal has only gotten up to the Death Buster Arc (Season 3 in the original anime).

Should also encourage that if you plan to watch Sailor Moon localized in english, don't watch the DIC Entertainment as this was edited from the original Japanese version where some episodes were dropped, plot points changed, they never did the Shadow Galactica series (the final season) and the biggest thing for me is that

   Haruka (Sailor Uranus) and Michiru (Sailor Neptune) where changed from being lovers to being cousins

Rather seek out VIZ Media's re-release which is more faithful to the original japanese anime with VIZ Media planning to release the final season (currently as of 03/05/2018 they are on the first half SuperS (Season 4))


Why is Edward Newgate called Whitebeard?

Edward Newgate's nickname in Japanese is Shirohige (shiro = white, hige = facial hair). Japanese does not distinguish between beard and moustache1. However, a literal translation White Facial Hair sounds a pretty poor nickname for one of the World's strongest pirates, and even sounds comedic. Whitemoustache isn't much better either. Whitebeard has a nice ring to it.

Also, fairy-tail's Lucy's nickname for the Celestial Spirit King is "hige-oyaji" (translated as moustache-man, in context), and he has only a moustache, which suggests that "hige" is used to refer to both moustache and beard in Japanese.

1: Google Translate says that "Beard" is "Agohige", and "Moustache" is "Kuchihige". However, they did not call him "Shirokuchihige" in the original, so the distinction seems to be not widely used.


Picture of a red-haired girl from old (maybe 80s) anime

This seems to be Tiffany from Robby the rascal, also known as cybot robotchi or in Italian as Robottino. It was originally broadcasted by TV tokyo from 7 october, 1982 till the 29th of June in 1983.

the English version deleted much of the risqué humor that, while not uncommon in children's animation in Japan, would be considered unacceptable by American standards, with the policewoman Sachiko (Sgt. Sally) being the usual target of the fan service-oriented humor. The TV series also aired in its entirety in Italy under the title Robottino ("Little robot"), and some episodes are also available in Spanish as Robotete.

The Image the OP provided also comes from a fan-service scene, which can be seen here


A nice question. I have to get around a few topics to find a logic answer.

Let's start with the explanation of the "Liar" statement against Toru Amuro.
The life Amuro is living and showing to all people around him is just a lie / fake. He claims to be a detective like Kogoro in the first episode he appears. And after the case is solved, he wants to be his apprentice to stay close to him, for "learning from the Great Kogoro".
But after we know he is Bourbon, the whole perspective changed. What does he want? Why is he with the main characters? What exactly is his plan?
Soon it is revealed: he wants to prove that Shuichi Akai is alive and he and Kir faked his death.
This makes him a fearful enemy: he is close to the main characters, he has the possibility to find out the truth, yet, Toru Amuro is not who we think he is - he's a pretty good liar.

Akai explains it in the current chapter: Toru Amuro is actually Rei Furuya, an undercover cop! He is also infiltrating the Organization, like Akai used to / like Kir is at the moment. The theory that Bourbon is our enemy is complete nonsense - he is on our side, even though he hates Akai for some reasons.

He even lies to Vermouth at the end: he claims that he was wrong; that Akai is in fact dead and Kir is loyal to the Organization. This lie shows us the real side of Amuro - he's a friend.

For me, the situation you are confused by is a simple message to each other:
Conan knows about the real Amuro, the real person behind his role. But Amuro in return has his own reasons to question Conan. The Sleeping Kogoro is one point Amuro questions and believes Conan to be behind it -> there is this one scene where he phones with Vermouth and says that he wants to stay with Kogoro because he wants to solve the mystery behind the Sleeping Kogoro.

My conclusion:
Conan and Amuro know the lies of each other. And with that scene ("Liar" - "You're one to talk...") they admit that they know each others secret.

My fingers hurt. I hope this answers your question (a bit).


What series is this depiction of Araragi Karen referring to?

Many of the slapstick moments in the Monogatari Series are depicted in a way that closely resembles the art style of Doraemon. In fact, I vaguely remember a scene where the protagonist of the Monogatari Series, Koyomi Araragi, complains about too many Doraemon references.

The whole Doraemon series is very extensive with a myriad of movies and specials and not to mention the second season which sports a whopping 1787 episodes.


pixiv encyclopedia (Japanese) claims,

  Whether Sumika was the goddess (Lady Kumaria) in the first place or the goddess appeared as Sumika in response to Kureha's mental state, it is not stated within the story and hence, it's left to the viewer's interpretation.

  (Emphasis mine)

TV Tropes (warning!) also describes it as:

  Ass Pull: Sumika being Lady Kumaria. Never foreshadowed, comes out of nowhere, never explained and serves as a mechanism so Ginko and Kureha can get together.

  Or maybe not. It's never explicitly stated that Sumika is Lady Kumaria and it's more than likely that she simply took on that form as a symbolic representation of what Kureha learned from Sumika.

  They Wasted a Perfectly Good Plot: Quite a few, for the same reasons as listed in They Wasted a Perfectly Good Character.

  Sumika being a part of Lady Kumaria, which is never explained. There's also the fact that she apparently knew she was going to disappear or otherwise leave Kureha one day, which (though it may connect to the first reason) is also never explained.

  (Emphasis mine)

which all the possibilities have been mentioned in the question itself.

As of now, there is no official explanation why Lady Kumaria looked like Sumika... which leaves us only to fan theories (which are omitted in this answer).

P.S. considering that there are even fewer discussions about this issue in Japanese, I conclude that there's really no official statement as of now.


If the World Government knew that the Strawhats were on Thriller Bark, why didn't they inform the marines?

The World Government didn't want the world to know about Moria's defeat. Moving the marine would probably attract too much attention. While the marine could probably move in silence, the World Government wanted to keep Moria's defeat a secret as much as possible, and besides, they thought Kuma is already enough to eliminate the straw hats (which he almost did).


What is happening at the start of episode 12 of Steins;Gate?

Steins;Gate sort of uses the many-worlds time travel theory referenced by John Titor. There are many discrete worldlines, like parallel universes. When Okarin leaps to the past, he is moving from one worldline to another; his actions do not affect the future in the worldline he leaped from, only the future of the one he is currently in. The worldlines exist independently. Kurisu talks about this briefly in episode 22, shortly before Okarin time leaps.

This is why Okarin and Suzuha can use the

   time machine to travel to the past twice and not run into other time traveling versions of themselves; both times they traveled to the past they landed in a different worldline.

When we see the scene from 70 million years ago, we are seeing a version of Okarin and Mayuri who have traveled to the show's current worldline from a separate worldline we didn't see.

They would have had to travel using

   Suzuha's time machine. SERN's experiments and Okarin's nightmarish memory showed that sending physical objects through time turns them into gel. The time machine appears to offer protection against this.

 It is unclear why they traveled so far back into the past; perhaps the time machine malfunctioned.

 Mayuri had to explain to Okarin that they were 70 million years in the past. Suzuha also lost her memory when using the damaged time machine. It is unclear why Mayuri retained her memory. Perhaps her reading ability is quite strong; she displayed knowledge of alternate worldlines on multiple occasions.


What is the music that plays in Bleach Episode 46 ~19:54

It's called
BL_16 (Reminiscence - "Bankai... Senbonzakura Kageyoshi")

Although it is sometimes also known as Destiny Awaits - Bankai Version

As with most music in Bleach, it is composed by Shiro Sagisu.

It can be found here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ei5UmDyB0i4


In Full Metal Panic, what does Mithril do with the Whispered they rescue?

The Whispered woman you are referring to is Mira Kudan, whom Sousuke rescued in Khabarovsk. She is the only Whispered 'captured' by Mithril of whom we are given any details about her subsequent life. In the light novel series, she at first works in Mithril's engineering division, and helps to build the Arbalest for Sousuke, to thank him for saving her. Later, she is relocated to a secret safehouse where she, presumably, lives out a normal life in peace and calm.

In the final novel, "Always, Stand by Me: Part 2", she and Sousuke are in contact with each other over the internet, and before his final battle she emails him a copy of a video his classmates uploaded wishing him and Kaname a safe return to school. She appears happy and at peace, though still suffers residual trauma from her experiences.

I presume that other rescued Whispered are treated the same way: they can assist Mithril with their skills if they wish, or be put into protective custody where they can live quietly far from any of this.


Yeah, there is a hint that they might be related. The guy on the pic sees similarities between the two (both are way too scary not to be related, lol) and then we see that Eileen is red-haired. Naturally we all think, 'Oh wow, Erza's mom is badass' but it should be confirmed soon in the next several chapters.


How are "A Certain Magical Index" and "A Certain Scientific Railgun" connected?

Chronologically, Railgun comes first. Then near the middle of Railgun (the Level Upper Arc), the events and timeline start to converge with Index.

For an example, in episode 17 of the Railgun anime, Komoe-sensei mentions how she likes all her students, even the ones that blow up her roof, which is probably a reference to when Index used Dragon's Breath (episode 6 of Index).

The manga gives a better frame of reference, since it gives a exact date (July 16th).
So the events in Railgun begin 4 days before the Index novel (July 20th), where Touma first meets Index. Touma meets Mikoto on the eve of July 19th.

According to the TV Tropes:

  The anime, however, violates this by adapting events from Volume 8 of the novels into the anime's first episode. As it stands, Chapters 18 to 39 occur around the time of Volume 3 in the novels, Chapter 40 is around volume 5, Chapters 41-42 and around volume 8 and Chapters 43-current take place around volume 9.


What anime/manga is this girl wearing a red beret from?

The female character in the above picture is Tomomi Aizawa from Pia Carrot e Youkoso!! 3.

The visual novel does not currently have an anime adaptation. You can find the figurine here.


Why does an alchemist need a transmutation circle?

The transmutation circles contain the formulae and/or specific incantation needed to carry out a function.  There is always some part of the human mind that is involved in a transmutation (otherwise, Mustang's gloves would only be able to mess with the air in a very select pattern), but in general more complicated transmutations will require a more robust "hard formula".  The "soft formula" comes from the mind of the alchemist.  This is the part that actually shapes what should happen, while the "hard formula" is used to gather the required energy/ handle the heavy lifting.

On the subject of people who can transmute without circles, there are two different schools of thought.

The first follows the anime/manga rigidly, and interprets Izumi's words literally.  They see it as the 'reward' for losing part of yourself when you looked beyond the gate.  Looking beyond the gate exacts a toll from you, which is then used to "pay" for the privilege of seeing the base code of the universe.  Knowing this base code, alchemists are able to use the "soft" formula to a greater extent, and do not require the assistance of a "hard" formula in order to transmute.

The second possible explaination is more of an unintended side effect.  Remember how Barry the Chopper lost his body?  Well, his soul (in the armor) was able to sense his body's presence (and vice-versa).  If one assumes the figure at the gate (which takes peoples' body parts) is god (or at least, the source of alchemy), then him "wearing" an alchemists parts (pardon the term) is essentially giving that alchemist a very subtle, yet powerful connection on a mental level.  The alchemists are able to use their missing parts to bridge the gap separating them from this god-like being, and thus transmute seemingly at will.

Alphonse, not having a physical body at all with which to form a bridge, is unable to skip the "hard formula" at first, but upon re-visiting the experience in his own mind, he forces himself to build this "bridge" and can transmute naturally from then on.


How does a Titan form or regenerate when injured?

(spoilers)

If i remembered correctly, in the manga a character named Kruger explains some of it, he says that for what marley scientists can deduce all titans are linked throughout "paths" that have no limitations of distance or time, it carries memories and thoughts between the titans.

Now a theory is that the flesh and bones of the titans also travels throughout these paths, the actual source is unknown, but the scientists also speculate of something called origin of all organic matter, but it's not confirmed, every nation has his own true, we can only wait


Where to continue from the manga after two seasons of "A Certain Magical Index" and "A Certain Scientific Railgun"?

I've read up to volume 11 of the manga of A Certain Scientific Railgun and volume 5 of the manga of A Certain Magical Index. As of volume 5 of Index, the manga has not caught up to the conclusion of the anime. For Railgun, the Sisters Arc concludes in volume 7. A new arc also begins in volume 7, so that's the one you'll want to start with that, chapter 40, called Clique.

Going back to Index, only the first seven volumes have been published in English. Despite not having read two of them, I'm fairly confident that none of them passes the point the anime got to just by looking at the covers and reading summaries. From the Wiki page, I would guess you would start at volume 17 for the Index manga since the second arc involving the Catholic nuns ends in 16.

Edit:
I didn't recognize the Academy City Invasion Arc at first since it's been a while since I watched the anime, but it appears this arc was in the anime. Volume 17 is the latest Index volume and it covers this arc. So, I have to change my conclusion.

As a side note, none of the A Certain Scientific Accelerator manga has been animated, so if you need to know where to start at that one, it would just be the first volume.

Summary:

A Certain Magical Index Manga: volume ? (as of volume 17, it doesn't appear that the manga has passed the anime)
A Certain Scientific Railgun Manga: volume 7
A Certain Scientific Accelerator Manga: volume 1


Was Bakuman deliberately made to attract new manga artists in the industry?

The magazine QuickJapan vol. 81 published interviews with the authors Ohba and Obata, and the editor Soichi Aida. Aida stated that:

  Like how the number of players who play a sport would increase after a manga on the sport gets popular, I do think about people who would think "I might try drawing a manga" after reading Bakuman. If Bakuman does well, we would see more people aspiring to be a manga artist. If we have more manga artist candidates, the future of Jump is bright. As an editor, I do dream about those stuff.

He might be drawing an analogy with how the population of Go players increased significantly after Obata's earlier work Hikaru no Go. More competitors + survival of the fittest = only the best of the best can remain... that's the editor's point of view.

Meanwhile, Obata has stated that he has always loved Fujiko Fujio A's Manga Michi (a semi-autobiographical work about the Fujiko Fujio duo), and the idea for Bakuman started from wanting to do a Manga Michi of his own. So, you can say that it was less about "bringing in fresh air to the industry" for the authors, at least; but there was no reason to keep the editors and the publisher from anticipating it.

As for the effect on the industry, the number of young people bringing their manga to Jump office did increase, according to the QJ magazine.


The magicians are all female to give the main character a harem of course.

It's not explained as to why all the magicians are only female. This could be due to compatibility issues with the alien monsters, or it could simply be personal preference on the kidnappers part, we don't know.


Are the ice skaters in Yuri On Ice based on real life counterparts?

Yes, most skaters in Yuri!!! on Ice are based on real-life counterparts.
There are some official sources regarding the model of Yuri!!! on Ice's characters. According to this article,

Yuri Plisetsky and Yulia Lipnitskaya
Sharing the same name as the show’s protagonist, fifteen-year-old Yuri is a extremely talented and at times foul-mouthed Russian skater. He is making his senior debut during the series and is by far one of the youngest skaters in the Grand Prix.
Yūri!!! on Ice's storyboarder Kubo stated in an interview published in the October issue of PASH that Yuri is modeled after Russian figure skater Yulia Lipnitskaya. Currently eighteen years old, Lipnitskaya is also a young powerhouse skater and the youngest skater to ever win a gold at the Olympics at fifteen years old.
Victor Nikiforov and Evgeni Plushenko and John Cameron Mitchell
Victor, winner of five consecutive World Championships, Grand Prix, and many other competitions, is the rockstar-esque and legendary retired Russian figure skater who decided to coach Yūri. With that record, isn’t difficult to find discern Victor's potential real life counterpart.
Plushenko, four-time Olympic medalist, three-time World Champion, and four-time Grand Prix Final champion, is a legend with an attitude in his own right. Notable as well is how Victor rests his forefinger like he is signaling "hush" that appears to be a nod to Plushenko hush of the crowd in Sochi 2014 Olympics. However, Victor as Plushenko could be up for debate. According to a tweet from Victor's voice actor Junichi Suwabe, Plushenko is not a model for Victor. Is Victor so legendary no one in real life can touch him?
Victor is also partially based on American actor John Cameron Mitchell. In a tweet from Kubo, when she first thought about Victor’s visual design last year, she thought of Mitchell, an actor she saw during a trip to New York.
Yūri Katsuki and ???
Who is Yūri's real life counterpart? According to Kubo, Yūri is not merely one Japanese figure skater. Rather, she wanted him to be a character that could reflect all Japanese figure skaters and also be appreciated as a character on his own.
However, it is easy to find bits and pieces of other skaters in Yūri. As seen in numerous fan made videos, Yūri's short program Eros matches Japanese figure skater Yuzuru Hanyū 2014 Sochi Olympic Short Program. Beyond Hanyū, figure skater Tatsuki Machida influenced the series and potentially Yūri. The retirement of figure skater Tatsuki Machida's retirement partially inspired Kubo to create the series and make it successful.
(Emphasis mine)

From Topic Station (Japanese), regarding Yuri Plisetsky's model,

When Kubo was interviewed regarding Yuri Plisetsky's voice actor, she mentioned a little bit about him,

Why Russian athletes are difficult to approach, it's because the appeal(?) is great. When I saw (Yulia) Lipnitskaya, I thought "If she was a man, it'd be the best", then directly used her as Yuri's image.

Nobunari Oda, a Japanese figure skater, requested to participate in the anime. He appears as a commentator in episode 11 and voiced his own character.
From Oricon News (Japanese), regarding Nobunari Oda,

Oda, who watched the anime every week from episode 1, quickly pleaded, "I want to appear as myself and commentating Yuuri's skate program even only for once!"

Stéphane Lambiel, a French commentator in episode 12, was also a real-life figure skater. While he was born in Switzerland, he also speaks French, English, German, and Portugal. His outfit was also traced from 2016 NHK Trophy.


Why does Hashirama Senju possess such huge and terrifying chakra?

When Naruto had gone to Mount Myoboku for his senjutsu training, Lord Fukasaku had mentioned

  only those who already possess "extreme chakra levels" can utilise
  natural energy to invoke senjutsu

Source

Now we also know, Kakashi mentioned Naruto having large reserves of chakra (excluding the Nine tail's chakra). And this is the reason why Naruto could complete the Sage training and enter Sage mode, thereby giving him access to a larger amount of chakra.

The same goes for Jiraya, as he had completed the Sage mode training, and could enter the sage mode himself.

Thus we can assume, once in a while kids are born with higher reserves of chakra.

The same can be assumed in case of the first Hokage and Kisame, they could have been born with a large reserve of chakra.

Reason for assuming this is, First Hokage could enter the sage mode himself, and as for Kisame, we know the sword of his, Samehada would only attach himself to a ninja with good reserves of chakra. (Since the eight tails had more chakra and a more "delicious" one samehada switched allegiance and joined Bee).

In case of Naruto, Jiraya and First Hokage, their sage mode gave them access to a larger pool of chakra thus making them more powerful. On the other hand, Kisame could get access to a larger amount of chakra with the help of Samehada, that would "eat" the chakra of enemies and supply to Kisame.

Nothing much have been mentioned about the third Raikage, so I can't provide any proof to support my speculations.


Who is faster, Flashy Flash or Speed-o'-Sound Sonic?

While I do like Sonic much better, it's pretty obvious from what we've seen so far: (Manga Spoiler Alert)

1.Flashy and Sonic were from the same ninja village, same ninja class (44th "End Class" or whatever), same generation. Flashy was number 1 from this class.

2.The two ninja dudes (upper classmen from the same ninja school and village), that ate the monsterfication cells, were much faster than Sonic, while Flashy beat them pretty easy 1vs2.

Although Sonic is currently slower, I think that he will catch up at some point and maybe even surpass Flashy.


It is said that Logia typed Devil Fruit Users cannot be hit without Haki.

Luffy using water to hit Crocodile shows that Logia typed Devil Fruit's weakness can be used to hit without using Haki. So to harm a Logia is to exploit the element itself, using its properties to solidify the user and rendering them vulnerable to damage.
Source

Despite the fearsome power of Logia users, they are far from truly being invincible. Sneak attacks are more likely to work, as the user will not be ready to avoid them. However, with training, most Logia users learn to transform by reflex, eliminating the ability to strike them by conventional means. For example, Enel's ability has been trained to the point that he could reflexively change form while partially asleep using Mantra to predict his enemy's actions.
Inexperienced Logia users also tend to become seemingly overconfident, as they are unaccustomed to physically dodging attacks or receiving attacks, due to their powers. Thus, if their advantage is neutralized by some means, they then have to rely on their physical ability to dodge, a skill which they may or may not be proficient at.

Very high skill and training required to dodge any sudden attack. Physical contact is required to hit Logia user, so a well trained user can avoid  Haki-imbued attacks by changing the state.

Does this mean Logia users can "solidify" themselves or maybe only parts of themselves, kind of like coating with Haki?

Yes they can solidify and turn there part of body as they want. Crocodile hand turn into sand while he was holding Vivi. Aokiji using ice leg in One Piece Film: Z.
So it is clear that default form is human state and change according to requirement. And can be hit without using Haki.


What exactly happened at the end of Kamisama no Inai Nichiyoubi?

Dee appeared as a ghost because her physical body was still stuck in class 3-4, while Alice had a physical body outside because he was already buried by a proper gravekeeper. Therefore, his body wasn't in class 3-4 like Dee, and could appear normally since he was part of the world outside.
Dee has a physical body later on, because the world class 3-4 created had been destroyed. Her physical body was released.
Ai saved Alice by wishing intensely. In Sunday Without God, by wishing for something really badly it somehow would be granted, like how Hampnie Hambart wished to die happily besides his family, or how Alice got the ability Buzzer Beater. When Ai wished for Alice to be saved, God granted that wish, and so Alice could have a physical body outside class 3-4's world and continue to live his life.


Was mother Caramel eaten by Big Mom? And does eating Devil Fruit Users transfer the powers?

The answers are 3 different levels of "I don't know".

While technically we don't know, I believe that we can say that
Big Mom probably ate Mother Caramel and the other children.  While
there may be some survivors, this was heavily implied by the scene
in question.  She is demonstrated to do similar things later in life
under similar situations.  Furthermore, we can speculate that Big
Mom is so emotional about Mother Caramel's photograph because she is
in denial.  I would actually be interested in hearing any other
interpretations but I'm certain her saying "Mother" eating a large
confection was the exact moment.
We don't know.  While she is shown to have Mother Caramel's
ability soon after eating her, she ate a lot during that event.  It
is probable that, if there were any fruit in the area, should would
have eaten that too (devil fruit or not).  We know the devil fruit
transfer was shown to be immediate with the salamander fruit so
timing makes sense.

Let me ask you these questions to consider:

How did Bartolomeo, the cannibal, get his devil fruit?
Have we ever seen any other cannibal or creature eat someone with a devil fruit?  If a Sea King would eat a DF user, he would almost immediately die.
What constitutes eating?  Luffy has been bitten and/or swallowed on a
number of occations.

We do, of course, know that if you eat Luffy, you will get food poisoning (Oda said so).

We definitely don't know.  I am certain that we will eventually
learn what happened as long as Oda continues to write.  Whatever
happened will be more complicated than just cannibalism or bringing
the right fruit.  I will note that the hole in White Beards chest
would make it easy for Black Beard to access either the stomach or
heart without us noticing that he took it.


Can all types of devil fruit be awakened?

At this point it is still unknown if all DFs will be able to unlock an awakened state. Right now we only know of Donquixote Doflamingo (Paramecia) and the Impel Down guards (Zoan). There is one more but this might still be manga-only (I haven't watched the anime in a while) so I put it at the bottom of my answer and marked it as a spoiler.

I would assume that an awakened ancient zoan DF user, like Drake-X, would still enjoy the same benefits as an awakened regular zoan DF. These benefits are increased strength and durability which also leads to a higher recovery rate. This information can also be found on the wiki, please keep in mind that this article contains spoilers so thread carefully.

There haven't been any logia devil fruits shown to have an awakened state yet.

   Charlotte Katakuri has an awakened devil fruit as well but this is a paramecia DF that acts like a logia DF. The benefit he got from awakening his DF power is the same as Doffy's i.e. turning his environment into the element he can control.


What happens to Yin and Hei after the ending of season 2?

Well, Hei is alive, that's for certain; however, what happens to Yin isn't entirely mentioned.

One thing that could prove that Yin is dead is because on near the end of the anime, Yin appears (the one in the white suit) and asks Hei to kill her, in which he agrees. In the OVA, she also says her final goodbye and confesses her feeling for Hei.

However, in the OVA, Izanagi does say that he'll grant Yin's wish which would be to be with Hei, and Izanagi did grant July's wish to be with Suou.

Also, Bai's power allows for molecular manipulation. It is how Hei is a Contractor since she fused with him near the end of Heaven's War and how the plan to destroy all Contractors by destroying Hell's Gate failed and how Heaven's Gate cannot be touched.

At the end, Bai's star which disappeared because Bai was trapped in the Meteor Core began to shine again because she was released. If Hei got Bai's power back, then he could have fused with Yin as well and (if a third season is made) is now trying to find a way to reverse the fusion so that Yin can return to her body (maybe also to allow Bai to come back). However, that is speculation, one thing I've read that while Hei is holding her body, it's glowing, which could mean she's alive, though I didn't actually notice.

I should point out that what we see is a light growing brighter when he puts his hand on Yin at the end. While he could be killing her here, the light could be the same that Hei emitted when he made Anti-Gate Particles nonexistent at the end of the first season.


Has the episode count for Black Clover been announced?

Nothing "official" has been announced yet, it was assumed that it's going to have 13 episodes because that's kind of the norm nowadays and Funimation did list it at one point as having that many episodes, but they were wrong about episode order before so, who knows.

Recently though, Yonkou_Prod, a fan-site that was responsible for several anime leaks in the past, claimed that the anime's episode order has been expanded to 51 episodes, and as unlikely as that sounds, they seem confident about their claims...

Whether and who you want to believe is totally up to you, but the fact of the matter is: we don't know anything official yet.


Did Midorima forget to bring his lucky charm in the Winter Preliminaries?

Most probably, he would have brought his lucky charm but it might not be shown in the anime because they may have assumed that it's Midorimia "thing" and it need not be highlighted again and again.


What is meant by Nagato when she mentions the 'Big Seven'?

This is a real life reference, and not an in-series one. The 'Big Seven' refers to the 7 battleships that, under the Washington Naval Conference, could mount 16 inch guns. As such, they were the only battleships to have a 16" armament prior to the outbreak of World War II, and the dissolution of the treaty.

Two of the seven ships feature in the Kancolle anime and browser game (Nagato and Mutsu), with the other five being from the US and UK. They were:

Nagato (Imperial Japanese Navy)
Mutsu (Imperial Japanese Navy)
HMS Nelson (Royal Navy)
HMS Rodney (Royal Navy)
USS Colorado (US Navy)
USS Maryland (US Navy)
USS West Virginia (US Navy)

This quote also features in the browser game of Kantai Collection during the 'Battle Start' event, where Nagato says the same quote: "Don't underestimate the power of the Big Seven"

Additionally, in the Kantai Collection set of the card game Weiβ Schwarz, there is a card titled "Do not look down on the power of the Big 7", which features a picture of Nagato, as well as the aforementioned quote:


Can a person do the shinigami eye deal without losing half of his lifespan?

This will not work due to the 23 day rule.

How to use XXVII

If you write, die of disease for the cause of death, but only write a specific time of death without the actual name of disease, the human will die from an adequate disease. But the Death Note can only operate within 23 days (in the human calendar). This is called the 23 day rule.

Now lets say the person's lifespan will end in 23 days or less. Then the question could be rephrased as What would happen to a person whose name is written in a DN, but whose lifespan is recalculated to be before the date written in that DN? This could be caused by both the shinigami deal or by indirect influence of other people's deaths by DN. In this case we would again end up at the situation where a person's lifespan is before the date set in the death note and as we know from this answer, it is impossible to increase your lifespan by killing yourself with the death note.
How to use VLII

In the Death Note, you cannot set the death date longer than the victim's original life span. Even if the victim's death is set in the Death Note beyond his/her original life span, the victim will die before the set time.

Therefore I'd assume Bob to die within 11 days and a half.


Soundtrack of Naruto and Naruto Shippuden

An extensive list of the music used throughout the entire Naruto franchise is available on the Naruto Wiki.  This includes a full list of:

Openings
Endings
Various soundtracks at different points in the series
Movie soundtracks

As a fan of the show, I would strongly encourage you to purchase the media from legal and reputable channels when possible.  As an example, here is an Amazon link which points you at the first soundtrack; from there, you should be able to track down the others.


Why does Sasuke consider Naruto to be his best friend?

Naruto is Sasuke's best friend because he is actually his only real friend. I'm going to cover the initial character development and the final leading upto shippuden and try to explain the crux of the relationship between Sasuke and Naruto. This is going to be a long answer, hence apologies in advance if I go off rails a bit. :)

From his childhood he was as much of a loner as Naruto was. Both had no real kinship to anyone. Naruto's fixation towards Sasuke was a similar hindrance as that of the girls' crush on him. He cares only for strong and it can be seen as his interest in only the strong Genin such as Lee, Neji and Gaara. This changed with Team 7. From their first real mission (Land of Waves Arc), he realized what the "teamwork" could do that Kakashi talked about. Nothing helps forge kinship in a way than facing an adversity together.

If we look at the Land of Waves we see Sasuke's Character development:
1. Disdain for Naruto

2. Realises Teamwork and Synergy: Defeating Zabuza 1st time

3. Training Together: Satisfaction

4. Saving Naruto's life by sacrificing his own (He doesn't know he has plot Armor)

In the first three images, we can see Sasuke has a very similar facial expression, but through the context we can see that his attitude has changed a lot! For the first time in his life he is experiencing the feeling of camaraderie.

The first part of Naruto is Sasuke's journey as much as that of Naruto. We see Sasuke form actual bonds with Team 7 before they deteriorate again. Sasuke had always chased "strength" to defeat and kill Itachi. When he saw Naruto's growth he tried to break his "bonds" by belittling him and trying to undermine his self respect. Naruto however never gave up and followed him even when he left with the Sound Four.

The battle at the valley of the end is actually a realization on Sasuke part.

He finally accepts that Naruto is his friend (Best by being virtue of only because he accepted no one else, even Kakashi or Sakura).
He makes a conscious decision of "breaking" the friendship for fulfilling his self proclaimed destiny of revenge.
He leaves Naruto alive because he didn't want to follow Itachi by killing his "best friend".

From the flashback we know the significance of "friend" for Sasuke and his final decision

It is interesting to note he finally acknowledges Naruto, and faces his own feelings for him as a friend. This brings an end to the first part of Naruto leading upto Shippuden


The Toad Oil Bullet Is a skill used by Jiriya that converted his chakra into Toad oil. He spit out a volume of oil more than his body's size, proving that he could not have stored it inside his body. So the answer appears to be that there is a technique that converts chakra to Toad oil.

However, It is entirely possible the Toads, especially Larger ones, can swallow toad oil and regurgitate it later to conserve chakra usage required to create it.

It is notable that the Toad oil they spit out and Toad oil used in Senjutsu training might be different oils. The wiki entry on Mount Myoboku notes:

  There is a sacred fountain on Mount Myōboku which produces a special oil which allows people to more easily feel the natural energy around them

So it seems only the fountan produces the Sage Mode oil. Also, the Sage Mode oil looks significantly like cooking oil, very light, clear, and of the same consistency, while The oil spit out to be ignited looks dirty, and dark, sometimes even opaque.

Edit: addressing your edit, There is only one thing that could possibly be added, and its a Theory.

You copied one line from the wiki on the trivia section of the Nature Transformation page. However, the very next line gives off a HUGE hint.

  Certain other techniques involved in manipulating substances are also often confused to be chakra natures, such as silk, bone, and ink. However, these substances cannot be produced from chakra alone, meaning the chakra is not changed in nature, and it is rather used to change already-existing substances.

The oil is called Toad Oil, So its could be some kind of substance a Toad can naturally create. If that is the case, then this would literally be exactly like Kimimarus Bone based Jutsu, Shikotsumaku, or Kidomaru's Spider Technqiues. Just like how They can take the natural substance that already exists (bone/Spider Silk) and use Chakra to create more of it, Toads would do the same. Perhaps that is what Kneading into a substance means, Mixing Chakra with a substance, and converting the chakra into more of that substance. Since everyone who uses Toad Oil is either a Toad, or Jiriya after he goes Sage mode and becames part toad, then they would likely have a natural source of it to duplicate via Chakra kneading, if that is indeed the case.


Why is Ulquiorra the only Espada with a second release?

Answer to first question:

  A. Just in case.

  Ulquiorra’s a pretty careful guy. He likes to make plans. And stick to them. So it’s possible that he hides his second release just because he knows that it’s good to have an ace in the hole, just in case he ever needs it. Not that he’s planning to use it for any nefarious purposes - he just figures, why tell if he didn’t have to?

    Ulquiorra: Also, I’m not really a talker.

  B. As a tiny act of rebellion.

  Or you could read Ulquiorra as more of a Grimmjow-figure. You know, someone may recognize that Aizen is too powerful to actively rebel against, but who needs to do SOMETHING a little rebellious just to stay sane. Grimmjow leaves meetings early and sneaks off to the world of the living; Ulquiorra hides his second release. And this allows them to put up with working for a freakin’ shinigami.

    Grimmjow: Um…I’m pretty sure that rebellion doesn’t count if nobody knows about it.

    Ulquiorra: And that’s why you get spiritual pressure slammed to the floor, and I don’t.

  C. Because he was actively disloyal to Aizen.

  It’s possible, though, that this wasn’t a tiny act of rebellion, but rather a big one - that Ulquiorra had some sort of secret plan to rebel against Aizen someday, and he was saving his second release for that time. In which case letting Aizen go off to the WOL with the top three espada was a damn good plan. Ulquiorra would have had the castle to himself if he hadn’t been killed by Ichigo. So close, Ulquiorra.

    Ulquiorra: And I was really looking forward to sitting on that throne, too.

    Aizen: Yeah, white marble is comfier than you’d think.

Source: "Why does Ulquiorra keep his second release secret?" on bleachlists.tumblr.com

Answer to second question:

I came across an answer while scavenging the net (and I think it's pretty good):

  Well..the arrancars sword and the soul reapers swords are the same except for how they are released or how to manifest themselves after they are released. Arrancars have the power of soul reapers and soul reapers swords have 2 different forms shikai (1st form) and then bankai (2nd Form or release state). Now most Arrancars only have 1 sword release thats their resurreccion, resurreccion means resurrection and if u notice all arrancar release states are in spanish for some weird reason, but they only have one b/c arrancars have only been around for only about 1 year or a couple of months b/c they didn't come into existence till azien stole hogyoku out of Rukia's chest. Seeing how they're a new form of hollow but with soul reaper powers they probably have not explored all of their powers unlike soul reapers who have been around for over a 1000 years which means they would know more about their swords and how they operate. So basically the 2nd form Resurreccion segunda, which means 2nd resurrection, is the 2nd form of the sword similar to a soul reapers bankai. So in other words Arrancars haven't been around for a while which is why a lot of them don't know the other form unlike soul reapers who know both forms b/c they've been around forever. Now every arrancar has one but Ulquiorra was just the first to learn it.

Source: "Why does Ulquiorra have two forms?" on Yahoo Answers

Answer for Third one:

Ofcourse Aizen knew.

  ...[m]aybe Ulquiorra just wanted to know how much Aizen really watched, or how much he could just deduce by being insanely smart. So he kept his release hidden to see if Aizen could figure it out for himself. And like any guy who tests a god, this just didn’t end well for poor Ulquiorra.

    Aizen: Is there really any doubt that I knew?

and about the ranking:

  Maybe he wanted to stay out of the top 3.

  Maybe Ulquiorra just didn’t want to be in the top 3, and knew that with his second release taken into account, he would be. Ulquiorra’s smart - he might have guessed that the people who went with Aizen to Fake Karakura Town wouldn’t be coming back. Or maybe he just really likes the number 4.

    Ulquiorra: Actually, I just know how important the number 3 is to Halibel.

    Halibel: …

    Ulquiorra: Don’t worry, we’re not having a moment.

    Halibel: Oh, good!

Source: "Why does Ulquiorra keep his second release secret?" on bleachlists.tumblr.com


Who is this man in the cover page of One Piece chapter 839?


Where do Kekkei Genkai abilities (genetic abilities) originate from?

Sharingan:
I'm guessing this would've appeared naturally, as with other Doujutsu (Byakugan and Rinnegan). Legend has it that these clans descended from the Rikudou's eldest son, who received his father's "eyes": his powerful chakra and spiritual energy.

Kekkei Genkai Ninjutsu:
I think these were developed by ninja who possessed special abilities and chakra nature affiliations. They were, later on, passed down on the next generations. According to this Leaf Ninja's page, they are creations indeed.

Potential Bloodlines and Genetic Advantages:
There are also Potential Bloodlines and Genetic Advantages, which also seem to be passable down onto the next generation, such as Suigetsu's and Mangetsu's body, which is unique to them and gives them a genetic advantage (I think these could've been the basis for the development of some Kekkei Genkai in the early stages of clans, though not in Suigetsu's and Mangetsu's case). I don't think they are considered Kekkei Genkai, but they could've been linked in early stages of development of a clan's special technique. I found out about these in this Leaf Ninja's page.


Why did the Survey Corps search along the wall instead of on top of the wall to find a hole in the wall?

Well, it is true that you could spot a titan from the wall but, don't forget the time of day it was. Night, it was pitch black at that time. You might be able to see a 15m titan but a 3-4 meter is questionable. Yes it would have been safer to use the wall but at the cost of visibility. I don't know exactly but most of the titans that we have seen arent 15m tall. So they chose to go on the ground to maximize visibility.


In the Brotherhood continuity, do the Elric brothers know that their father has died?

There is never a point either in the manga or the Brotherhood adaptation of it where the brothers are explicitly told of Hohenheim's death. Note, however, that it would be odd for Pinako to never tell the brothers of Hohenheim's death. Unlike with the Maria Ross incident, there is no reason for the brothers to not know, and it seems unlikely that Pinako would lie about the death (in the way Mustang lied about Hughes to Edward) and never tell the truth.

There is additional evidence at the end of the manga, where there is a compilation of post-manga photographs at the end. In one of them, we see Hohenheim's grave next to Trisha's. There is a similar photo at the end of Brotherhood. (Click link for anime screenshot. I am not cropping the images, since it should be easier to get a sense of where they are from this way.)

With this, we can infer that the brothers probably know of Hohenheim's death. That a marked grave was constructed for Hohenheim, who died shortly after Promised Day (and thus, before the brothers leave Resembool two years later), and placed at a meaningful position suggests that there must have been some level of ceremony put into his burial. Being Hohenheim's sons, the brothers then might well have been given the chance to be involved with the burial, and they would probably know of the death that way.

Moreover, even if Pinako quietly buried Hohenheim, it seems unlikely that she have buried him alone, without help from anyone, so word would probably eventually get out that he was dead. Additionally, the brothers probably periodically visit graves in the area — for instance, Edward decides to visit the Rockbells' graves at the end of ch. 41, after hearing about their work in Ishval — so they would be "forced" to know once they visited their mother's grave at some point.


Can a reanimated Rinnegan user use the Outer Path to revive someone?

The reanimated Nagato can use the Outer Path to revive someone. Kabuto was even planning to make use of this to capture Naruto and Bee, without letting Tobi know.

Chapter 551 shows that Kabuto's plan was to have Nagato temporarily kill Naruto and Bee by pulling their souls with Ningendo (Human Path), then hide their souls and bodies with the Jigokudo (Naraka Path), have Nagato come to Kabuto's hideout, where he can revive them using the Outer Path. (See image below.)

He doesn't use it on Madara, because he won't be able to control Madara if revived through Edo Tensei, as you mentioned.


The song in season 3 episode 4 when Deku starts up his 1000000% punch against Muscular

The song you're looking for is from the soundtrack of Boku no Hero Academia season 2 OST, by Yuuki Hayashi.

The name of the track is Koutekishu to Kaite 'Tomo' to Yomu.
It is the 14th track on Disc 1 of the OST.

My Hero Academia 2nd Original Soundtrack


Do "red button" and "blue button" mean anything in the GoShogun OP?

The red button is the button to merge with GoShogun, and the blue button is the button to fire the GoFlasher.
According to Japanese Wikipedia,

なお、オープニングの歌詞にある「赤いボタン」とはゴーショーグンへの合体ボタン、「青いボタン」とはゴーフラッシャーの発射ボタンの事である。

This translates to the statement above.
This was also backed up by some Japanese fans' tweets that this was referred to in the anime, although without mentioning a specific episode/event/occurrence.

ひふみ @hifumi_x's tweet om 12:43 PM · Jun 27, 2020

#意外と忘れている設定
「戦国魔神ゴーショーグンOP ゴーショーグン発進せよ（藤井健）」赤いボタンはゴーショーグンへの合体ボタン、青いボタンはゴーフラッシャーの発射ボタン。[...]
#UnexpectedForgottenSetting
GoShogun's OP Go Shogun Hassin Seyo! (Ichirou Mizuki). The red button is the button to merge with GoShogun, and the blue button is the button to fire GoFlasher. [...]

レオれお @MJfWBXkRIlbkeql's tweet on 4:39 AM · Jan 26, 2018

戦国魔神ゴーショーグンOP。[...] 僕はアニソンの本で知りましたが赤いボタンは合体ボタン、青いボタンはゴーフラッシャー発射です。[...]
GoShogun's OP. [...] I knew about (the buttons) from an AniSong book. [...]

ひふみ @hifumi_x's tweet and replies on 11:06 AM · Aug 17, 2019 stating repeatedly that without watching the anime, there is no way to understand the meaning of "the buttons" in the lyric.


Could All Might pass his quirk to multiple people by feeding them his hair?

All Might himself said:

  After I've given Izuku my hair/DNA, I've gotten a lot weaker

So it would either be a one time thing, or every new user would weaken him substantially so it would still be a small number, and probably of lesser effect.


Why did the Leaf Village invite the Village Hidden by Sound for the Chunin exams?

At the time of the chunin exams, Konoha was unaware the Sound Village was built by Orochimaru. While Kabuto was infiltrating the exams as a Konoha genin, he mentioned the village was quite young and little was known about it.

  Naruto Chapter 39

As for why the sound genin were in Konoha, the chunin exams became open to all villages as a result of the Third Shinobi War. Given how the Sound Village was unknown to be Orochimaru‘s cover and appeared to be an average - albeit young - village, nobody though twice about genins taking the exam.


What is the order for watching the Gintama series?

Here is one possible viewing order taken from Gintama Reddit FAQ

What is the watch order of the series?
Skip episodes 1 and 2. They were a special to celebrate the series getting animated.
Gintama: 3-201 (The arc at eps 58-61 was made into a movie. Watch it if you don't care about spoilers, instead of the the arc in the series.)
Gintama Movie 1: Benizakura (the Benizakura arc in eps 58-61). CANON MOVIE
Gintama'(2011): 202-252
Gintama' Enchousen: 253-265 (with some reruns in the middle)
Gintama Movie 2: Be Forever Yorozuya CANON MOVIE. This movie was made to signify the end of the series, as they didn't know if it would continue (but it did).
Gintama° (2015): 266-316
Gintama. (2017): 317-328
Gintama. "Porori": 329-342
Gintama. Silver Soul Arc: 343-Ongoing
EDIT: Gintama End-Game starts at episode 300. Everything passed there is part of the "conclusion" of the series. Contains heavy spoilers.


How did Nagato have his eyes before Madara’s death during the 2nd Shinobi war?

Madara implanted the Rinnegan onto Nagato when he was very young. And this was done without Nagato's knowledge. Then the Second Shinobi War started, after a while.

After implanting the eyes, Madara waited for years to find a person who could be used as a tool. This "tool" was supposed to guide Nagato to properly use the Rinnegan at the right time, bringing Madara back alive, at his prime state.

So in order to find a suitable "tool", Madara connected himself with the Gedo Statue and siphoned it's life essence. He would die the moment he disconnected, as he was far past his natural death.

Madara then died after finding Obito, training him and handing over his name.


Was the person hanging out with Eita at college, Nakajima?

In the credits of episode 12, TAKANASHI Kengo is credited as voicing Nakajima. The character who speaks to Eita at the end of the episode could not be any of the other credited characters (the only unnamed ones are "wind band junior A", "wind band junior B", and "track-and-field junior", clearly none of whom are this character), so unless this character's voice actor went uncredited, he's Nakajima.


What song plays during the fight between Kaneki/Sasaki with Owl in Tokyo Ghoul:re episode 6?

So found the song its name is unravel Idk about the singer but below is the link for it.
https://youtu.be/KBSsrFLn6SE


Why are there four graves when Ciel first comes home?

The fourth grave is Our!Ciel’s grave. They made graves for the four of them since they assumed they all died in the fire.


In terms of Comiket-related metrics, what are the most popular franchises of all time? (Touhou and...?)

There is a small amount of officially-released statistical data in English here.
The "History of Comic Market" section of the "What is Comic Market" PDF shows a chronology chart of the number of participating circles (32 in the first Comiket, up to 550,000 in a recent Comiket), and the following pages of the PDF list more specifics.

In terms of volumes of doujinshi sold and the types of them, I do not beleive that the specific info you seek has been collected.  Comiket is massive and when I sold doujinshi there last year, all of the booths in my area just started closing up shop near the end of the day, without (as far as I know) being required to keep track of how many volumes we sold nor needing to report that number to the organizers of Comiket.

The best way to attempt to measure which series are represented would be to get ahold of the massive phonebook-sized program booklet from each year and count the number of circles that used a particular series as its sole illustration in the book to advertise its work.  For example, how many picked to use Cardcaptor Sakura, how many picked to draw Evangelion, etc. However, this would only give you a general sense, since of course one circle might draw doujinshi for more than one series, and might even not choose as its one illustration entry in the guidebook whichever series that it sells the most volumes of.
From what I saw when I was there, and from looking through the program book of that year, Nanoha, PreCure, and Gundam were not big representations (Nanoha and PreCure are not long-running, anyway, as far as Comiket is concerned - they're pretty new series when you consider everything that's been produced since 1975). The ones I saw represented a lot were more old-school ones like Evangelion and series from that era; this also makes sense since the original otaku of such series would largely be in their 30s and 40s, even early 50s now.  It should be noted that about 90% of the doujinshi I saw for sale was all hentai (not the tasteful, romantic sort, but the explicit sort), so the target demographic would reasonably have some bearing on which types of series are represented (i.e., what kind of series do the people who like hardcore hentai tend to like?). Comiket would not attract many of your average Japanese anime-watching demographics for that reason (I ended up not finding anything to buy). People who like sweet fluff or sci-fi action stories or any number of interesting genres that the realm of anime offers us would not necessarily be interested in the very specific subset of doujinshi that you can find at Comiket. Of newer series, Madoka Magica had some representation.


It's true that Oikawa sometimes becomes angry and he is also arrogant, but these things exist because he is very serious about volleyball.

But why girls like him?

Well, in short, the real reason behind this is because he is attractive.

Many others find him attractive — to the point where several girls follow him around just to talk to him. - Wiki
He is the captain of Aobajosai's volleyball team (which is in top 4 ranking) and is widely regarded as the ace setter, so it's obvious that he is popular among students.
Oikawa has a good sense of his surroundings and can effortlessly read others.
Flirtatious nature (he is quite famous amongst female students, much to Tanaka and Nishinoya's envy)


This was answered by Oda in SBS Vol. 25:

Reader: I have a serious question for Oda-sensei. How come, in manga, no matter where you go, everyone always speaks the same language?
Oda: Because manga is something where everyone's dreams are depicted.

source: http://onepiece.wikia.com/wiki/SBS_Volume_25

Besides this, I remember another statement from Oda where he said the offical language in the series is english (no source, sorry). This is indicated when you see an english name for an attack or a character. (e. g. "Nations Might" is not written in kanji in the manga.)


Mami could entrap Homura with her ribbon at any time, but decided to play fair and square during the duel − she didn't use the ribbon to her advantage. The whole gun duel was Mami's way to show that Homura can't beat her and do whatever Mami thought Homura was planning to do.

When Homura stops time after throwing away her gun, Mami's face changes from satisfied smirk to focused, alerted expression. Mami doesn't know what Homura might do next.

   When Homura tries to, what appears to be, commit suicide by shooting herself in the head, Mami gets scared and tries to save her as she pulls the trigger by grabbing the ribbon and pulling Homura away.

At this point, it becomes apparent that Mami never wanted Homura's death. After all they were just drinking tea together peacefully a few moments ago. Mami's intent to keep Homura alive overweights the will to keep attached to her with the ribbon, and so the ribbon gives in to the bullet and tears up, letting Mami out of contact with Homura, which in turn freezes Mami.


Actually, the Hunter x Hunter wiki addresses this, and is quite accurate in its assessment, though the references cite the wrong volumes (but correct chapters).

  There is considerable confusion about Alluka's gender. Two of Alluka's brothers, Illumi and Milluki, refer to Alluka as their brother. But Killua, the closest brother of Alluka, specifically states that Alluka is a "girl" and refers to Alluka as his sister multiple times. This inconsistency can be explained by Killua's intimate and understanding bond with Alluka, hence he would know and care that Alluka is mentally female, versus Illumi's cold and dehumanizing attitude towards Alluka. While Alluka is most likely biologically male, Killua's interactions show that Alluka's psyche may be female.

Everyone (except Killua) addresses Alluka by her biological gender, which appears to be male. While she is quite small, she shows no female development.

However, she is very sensitive, gentle, and reserved, and has a very feminine side. Being that Killua is the only one who dares to actually interact with Alluka as a person, he would be the best one to understand that she probably is more feminine inside.

This does seem a bit odd to me; even if someone I knew were closer to "she" in his head, unless they specifically asked, I'd probably still say "he". But perhaps either Alluka did ask this of Killua, or Killua just took it upon himself because he knew Alluka so well.

Unfortunately, since it's never explicitly stated, this is somewhat assumption, but realistically it's the only explanation that makes sense since Killua is the only one to refer to Alluka as female.


In episode 13, what piece does Kousei play after he plays Liebesleid?

I'm assuming you're referring to the piece Kousei plays at the very end of the episode; this is the only instance where Kousei plays the piano in ep. 13 after his "Liebesleid" performance. I recognised this as a Chopin composition, possibly a nocturne.

After some searching, I found that this was Nocturne no. 2 in D-flat minor, op. 27. (Score, recording by Eric Lu at the 2015 Chopin Competition.) It should be relatively easy to recognise the piece if you have some prior familiarity with it, since Kousei starts playing at the very beginning.

Originally, I wondered if some other piece (such as "Liebesfreud", which is named in another answer as the piece Kousei plays) might have crept into the soundtrack at some point, perhaps in a flashback or in Kousei's reflections. However, after listening carefully to the soundtrack and checking the "Liebesleid" score and some recordings, I've confirmed that everything we hear during the performance segment is from Rachmaninoff's "Liebesleid". Thus, the only music for piano that we hear being played in this episode is "Liebesleid" and the Chopin nocturne.

Note that what viewers hear is a modified, lengthened version of the Rachmaninoff arrangment. (The soundtrack returns to the beginning of the piece right before the first key change, when we see Kousei underwater. This jump does not exist in the original score. There are similar jumps later, during the flashback with Saki after Kousei has lashed out at her, and when Saki reflects on Kousei.)


If by "final" battle, you mean the battle against Khyron in episode 36th "To the Stars", it was destroyed to the point it became garbage and buried. The bridge wasnt intact after that because the SDF-1 was buried and it doesnt appear anymore.

If by "final" battle you mean the battle were it was almost destroyed in episode 27th "Force of Arms", it was damaged enough that they didnt use it anymore until the last episode, when they partially repaired it for it to fly again, they made it fly once last time again against Khyron who finally destroyed it by making his vessel collision with it.

Something of this info you can see it here:
http://robotech.wikia.com/wiki/To_the_Stars


Why there seems to be so few members of Passione?

It's actually shown quite clearly that Passione is a large organization with multiple divisions underneath the Boss.

Even Diavolo alludes to how well connected his men have infiltrated different branches of Italian society.

You have to remember a few things -- it seems that mostly every branch of Passione makes a fortune off whatever division they specialize in, all except for the Hitman Team, which only gets paid for kills.  This is their primary justification for attempting to kidnap Diavolo's daughter Trish, and for wanting to take over Passione themselves.

It is fair to assume that for those who do not question his orders and complete his tasks are rewarded fairly and justly. Pericolo, another Capo, even explains this before he commits suicide.

The reason you may feel Passione is "small" is simply because we don't get introduced to those other members. As the quote goes, "Stand users are drawn to other Stand users", and it is for this reason Bucciarati's team faces off against the Hitman team. Why would other branches want to fight Bucciarati's team in the first place, unless they were also planning on betraying the boss?


Is there an official explanation for Cage of Eden's rushed ending?

Rather abruptly, it was announced that Cage of Eden was no longer going to be serialised:

  2013's combined 4th/5th issue of Kodansha's Weekly Shōnen Magazine is announcing on Wednesday that Yoshinobu Yamada is ending his Cage of Eden (Eden no Ori) manga series in three more chapters. If Yamada does not take a break, the manga will end in the 8th issue on January 23.

  Anime News Network

I can't find a definitive reason as to why the series was finished when it was, but the general consensus on the web seems to be that a drop in sales led to the publishers, Kodansha, halting the production:

  "Sadly the manga was cancelled by the publisher and not the fault of the author. He was given at least a month to end his story."
  Source

  "The series was killed off so the author had to end it within a certain chapter, hence the ridiculous rush ending."
  Source

  "The ending was terrible because the manga got cancelled and the author had to end the story in a few chapters."
  Source

  "No, it's not very popular. Last volume that went on sale sold 40K copies which only put it at number 23 in the manga charts it then dropped out of the top 50 the week after."
  Source

In any case, the reason for the completely rushed ending is definitely due to the series' cancellation.


The following episodes are anime-original content which you should skip if you aren't interested in filler. Some of the other episodes include original elements or reference events from filler episodes, but these do not impact the story in the long run so you can safely ignore them. The ones based on manga omake are noted as such.

Compactly, the fillers are: 33, 50, 64-109, 128-137, 147-149, 168-189, 204-205, 213-214, 227-266, 287, 298-299, 303-305, 311-342, 355. In more detail:

Episode 33 Miracle! The Mysterious New Hero (奇跡！謎の新ヒーロー) (based on "Karakura Heros" Omake 1)
Episode 50 The Reviving Lion (よみがえる獅子) (based on "Karakura Heros" Omake 2)
Episodes 64-109 Bount Arc
Episodes 128-137 Stolen Hogyoku arc
Episodes 147-149 Forest of Menos Subarc
Episodes 168-189 Captain Shuusuke Amagai Arc
Episode 204 Ichigo's Stomach-cutting Persuasion Strategy (一護の切腹説得大作戦☆)
Episode 205 Thump! A Kemari Tournament Filled with Hollows (ドキ！虚だらけの蹴鞠大会)
Episodes 213-214 Karakuraizer Mini-arc (based on sketches from volume 29)
Episode 227 Wonderful Error (ワンダフル・エラー) (based on Omake 0.8 "A Wonderful Error", 0.side-A "The Sand", and 0.side-B "The Rotator")
Episode 228 Summer! Sea! Swimsuit Festival!! (夏だ！海だ！水着祭!!) (based on Omake BLEACH on the BEACH!!)
Episode 229 Cry of the Soul? The Rug Shinigami is Born! (魂の叫び？ヅラ死神誕生！)
Episodes 230-265 Zanpakutou Unknown Tales arc
Episode 266 Ichigo vs. Ulquiorra, Resume (一護ＶＳウルキオラ、再開!) (recap episode)
Episode 287 Side Story...Ichigo and the Magic Lamp (外伝！一護と魔法のランプ)
Episode 298 Film! Festival! Shinigami Film Festival! (映画だ！祭りだ！死神映画祭！)
Episode 299 Theatre Opening Commemoration! The Hell Verse: Prologue (劇場公開記念！地獄編・序章) (adapts "Imaginary Number 01: The Unforgivens" Omake)
Episode 303 Real World and Shinigami! The New Year Special! (現世も死神も！お正月スペシャル！)
Episode 304 Another Side Story! This Time's Enemy Is a Monster!? (外伝再び！今度の敵はモンスター！？)
Episode 305 Delusion Roars! Hisagi, Towards the Hot Springs Inn! (妄想爆走！檜佐木、温泉旅館へ！)
Episodes 311-316 Miscellaneous Fillers (none of these are based on manga chapters so I've grouped them together)
Episodes 317-342 Gotei 13 Arc
Episode 355 Shinigami at War! New Year in Seireitei Special! (死神参戦！瀞霊廷もお正月ＳＰ！)

The series ends with episode 366, at which point you can pick up from manga chapter 480 if you so choose.

The sources for this are scattered across a number of sites, but of particular note are Bleach Wiki, Wikipedia's list of Bleach episodes, and this MAL forum post. However, all had at least some errors so I've had to check on various other websites as well.


Wikipedia notes that Jackie Chan's first breakthrough was the 1978 film Snake in the Eagle's Shadow.

He was already well known in the 1980s. His first Hollywood film was The Big Brawl in 1980.

Furthermore, we should note that dragonball is a Japanese series. From wikipedia,

  Back in Hong Kong, Chan's films began to reach a larger audience in East Asia, with early successes in the lucrative Japanese market including The Young Master (1980) and Dragon Lord (1982).

Emphasis mine.

It's pretty clear that he was at least somewhat well known in Japan at the time.


Why do the Black Star Dragon Balls exist?

Kami didn't create the Black Star Dragon Balls. The entity known as the Nameless Namekian did. This is from the Dragon Ball Wiki:

  The Black Star Dragon Balls, or Ultimate Dragon Balls, are a more powerful version of the main Dragon Balls, created by the Nameless Namekian (before Kami and King Piccolo split).

So Dende not having to recreate them is possibly due to there being a different set of rules applied to them. Unfortunately, I don't think it's possible to point out when the Nameless Namekian made these Black Star Balls. However, it would make sense that the regular Dragon Balls had more restricting rules, since Kami had a responsibility as Earth's guardian to make sure they wouldn't fall into the wrong hands, so it would make sense for them to be rendered useless by his death.
Since now we know it wasn't Kami but the Nameless Namekian who made them, except that we don't know the exact time he made them, it could be inferred they were made during a time when the Nameless Namekian began developing a bit of a corrupted side within him with less than perfect intentions. The side that would later becomes King Piccolo.
They weren't scattered because they were supposed to be hidden. Since Kami had knowledge of the Nameless Namekian in him, he and possibly Mr. Popo thought it would be better to keep watch over them. Again, from the Dragon Ball Wiki:

  The only people who would have known of the existence of the balls would have been Piccolo (due to him having all of Kami's knowledge) and possibly Mr. Popo, but King Kai also knew of their existence.

Although it probably wasn't smart to keep them all in one place, GT never really did make much sense.

Also, this slipped by me the first time around, but to further prove GT's logic isn't really logic, look at this snippet about the Black Star balls:

  After the wish has been granted, the [Black Star] Dragon Balls spread across the universe... If all seven balls have not been re-collected and returned to the planet on which the wish was granted in one year, the planet will explode. In the Japanese version, Mr. Popo insists that not only must they be returned to the planet they were used on, but they must be returned to their original spot, hence why Earth still exploded a year

So not only did the Nameless Namekian make them, but once a wish was granted, he could never get to them again. Is space flight common already at that point in time? If it was, why make it near impossible to track the balls again without a Dragon Radar within a year, thus killing the Earth's populace?

Last but not least, if Kami did have knowledge (which would've later transferred over to Piccolo by them fusing and becoming the Nameless Namekian again), why not go ahead and destroy the Dark Star Dragon Balls before all the drama?


Gilgamesh is not using hundreds of NPs. He's using the Gate of Babylon, just opening a portal, shooting a projectile and then retrieving it, it's actually very cost effective. The only weapons he can actually release their True Names are Ea and Enkidu.
Source from Fate Complete Material III, on Gilgamesh: Tactics

Gilgamesh battles by shooting the originals of all Noble Phantasms like bullets via Gate of Babylon. The tactic yields excellent destructive power to magic energy efficiency. Since every Noble Phantasm is a bullet, the real magical energy used is merely the activation cost of Gate of Babylon. Because he possesses the originals of all Noble Phantasms, he can assault the weakness of any Servants. As a result, Gilgamesh has the advantage over most of the Servants in combat.

Artoria doesn't even have a proper path with Shirou, she's using her own prana reserves to use her skills. So no, Shirou is not sustaining her Mana Bursts.
Karna's Mana Burst (Flame) is just very high-maintenance. Extremely powerful as well, the dude is a fucking demigod, easily Heracles tier, who also has terrible prana consumption, Illya is probably the only one who could sustain Karna, much like she did with Herc. This last bit is pure speculation.


In - universe reason : Tsunade did gave him the name Yamato but it was never implied that Anbu codename can't be reused. Maybe she used his old name and third knows it.

Out-of Universe reason : Kishimoto must have forgot it due to complex nature of story, this kind of mistake are not that uncommon in any series and anime just followed manga and kept it that way.


Why are there so many vehicles in the world of Hokuto no Ken?

Hokutou no Ken was created in 1983. A lot of inspiration for the post-apocalyptic world in the manga came from the movies Mad Max (1979) and Mad Max 2 (1981).

In these movies (especially in Mad Max 2), oil is very important. Gangs of marauders fight for oil. They have the same kind of vehicles as we can see in Hokuto no Ken. In fact, in Mad Max 2, Max, the hero, protects a group of people around an oil refinery.

Ken and Max have a lot in common as characters.

So why is oil so important in the movie Mad Max in the first place?

In 1973 the world endured what was later called "the first oil crisis". 1979 was the time for the second oil crisis.

So the 1970s were years when people were talking about oil a lot. It was THE topic of the decade (maybe the second topic, just after disco music). In a way, it is logical to imagine that a movie made at that time would give such importance to finding oil.

If you have oil, you have power. In a post-apocalyptic world oil would be more important than money. In fact, money doesn't exist anymore, there is only barrels of oil to trade.

For the manga, the world is very similar than the world of Mad Max 2, but the topic of fighting for oil is not the main theme. Ken fighting for revenge, seeking his brothers, martial art, ... are the main themes. The problematic of oil/energy is not really explained, since it would be a little bit off-topic.

The enemy organizations are just bad guys and the don't really need a reason to attack the normal citizens. They attack normal people because they are bad guys. This is a reason good enough for Ken to fight them. There was no need to add some stuff about fighting for oil.

If you really need an answer, we can probably say that the bad guys are fighting for the control of oil. The gangs probably gather around an oil refinery, or a storage of oil barrels. This explains why the bad guys have vehicles, while normal people just live where they can. However, this problematic was not considered important to the scenarist and he just omitted it.


Who are the other two girls whose hair Araragi has cut?

One of the two girls is Hanekawa Tsubasa. Remember that during the events in Karen Bee1, she underwent an image change where her usual braided hair was replaced by bob cut, and her glasses replaced by contact lens. Her hair was actually cut by Araragi when she went out with him to karaoke in the short story Tsubasa Song2, which takes place some time after Tsubasa Cat and before Karen Bee.

I don't know who the other girl is. There are many characters whose hairstyle has changed between the First Season and the Second Season of the light novel series, but they are not cut by Araragi:

Senjougahara Hitagi: She cut her hair short between the events of Karen Bee and Tsukihi Phoenix to break away from her past and start anew3.
Kanbaru Suruga: She initially kept her hair short in Suruga Monkey. However, after she was saved by Araragi, she started growing her hair3 up until the end of Hanamonogatari.
Hanekawa Tsubasa: After Tsubasa Tiger, her hair became black and white stripes like that of the white tiger she absorbed4. This is only a change in color, though.
Araragi Karen: In Tsukihi Phoenix, she nonchalantly cut off her own ponytail so that she could piggyback Araragi as a punishment game4. Araragi does not cut her hair himself. In the anime, she seems to grow her ponytail back a little in Hanamonogatari (episode 5).
Araragi Tsukihi: In the anime, story-wise chronologically, she had mid-back level hair in Nekomonogatari (Black) (episode 1), then bob cut hair in Nisemonogatari, then very long braided hair in Nekomonogatari (White), then straight waist-length hair in Hanamonogatari (episode 5). However, she is said to change her hairstyle very often3, so it is very unlikely that Araragi has anything to do with it.

1 Light novel - Nisemonogatari Volume 1 - Karen Bee Chapter 011. Anime - Nisemonogatari Episode 4
2 Published in Bakemonogatari Anime Complete Guidebook. According to Wikipedia.
3 Light novel - Nisemonogatari Volume 2 - Tsukihi Phoenix Chapter 005.
4 Light novel - Nekomongatari (White) - Tsubasa Tiger Chapter 066. Anime - Monogatari Series: Second Season Episode 5.
5 Light novel - Nisemonogatari Volume 2 - Tsukihi Phoenix Chapter 005. Anime - Nisemonogatari Episode 9.


Why do the characters of Fire Force always say "Látom"?

As explained near the start of the series, in the world of Fire Force there is a very close connection between the special firefighting forces and the church, and in some sense dealing with the Infernals is considered a sacred duty (since the Infernals are considered to be in pain, and killing them allows them to be at peace).

The full prayer that is said when they defeat an Infernal is based on one from the real-world Anglican text "The Book of Common Prayer" that is commonly used in funerals:

  Forasmuch as it hath pleased Almighty God of his great mercy to take unto himself the
  soul of our dear brother here departed, we therefore commit his body to the ground; earth
  to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust; in sure and certain hope of the Resurrection to eternal life, through our Lord Jesus Christ; who shall change our vile body, that it may be like unto his glorious body, according to the mighty working, whereby he is able to subdue all things to himself.

Very roughly, "people were made out of earth by God and then they get returned to the ground until the end times".

Of course, in Fire Force much of the Church's doctrine centres around fire, light and the Sun, and so they focus mainly on the "ashes to ashes" part.

So, to bring it all back to the original question, "látom" is being used in the same way that a Christian would say "amen", to mark the end of the prayer. "Amen" roughly translates as "So be it", while "látom" is apparently Hungarian for "I see it". It may have been chosen just because it sounds good (it has a similar cadence to "amen"), but I have also seen some people online suggest that it could be short for saying "I see your light" which would definitely link back to the key doctrines of the Church.


No, the manga has finished on May 24, 2013. However, there are 19 volumes total (93 chapters), so the English volumes are just slowly being translated, and you'll have to wait to get them all.


Has Miyazaki's Future Boy Conan ever been licensed for US release?

No, Future Boy Conan has not been licensed within the US.

Although, there has been plenty of speculation as to why this never happened.

Reasons people speculate include:

being too expensive to produce
fear of it not selling
it being too old
general licensing hell

Apart from these speculations, there has never been a conclusive answer, nor has it ever been said that it will never happen.

So it might still happen some day.

Answerman from  Anime News Network also stated the following:

  We have no idea what's holding back the show from the US. I used to think a show like this would be a slow seller -- it didn't exactly blow up the fansub scene back in the day, either on VHS or via Bittorrent. But then again, Discotek just hit a home run with their Castle of Cagliostro Blu-ray so who knows -- it might do OK. Regardless, it's not going to happen in the foreseeable future. Throw another one on the "licensing hell" pile, and hope that, someday, something might change.


What, exactly, is "Fate/stay night" supposed to mean?

When Kinoko Nasu first wrote Fate/Stay Night in college it was called Old Fate (旧Fate) and Fate Origin and was reimagined later to be Fate/Prototype. Nasu only wrote what would become the game's Fate Route.

there is speculation on what meaning there is behind the name. ie

Fate may refer to the fate of the servants like Saber accepting her fate in her life or the Fate of magi that battle each other in the war
Stay may refer to the desire to keep the servants like with Shirou and Saber, it may refer to make something remain or stay like the reason why Shiro enters the war in both Fate/Stay Night and Fate/Hollow Ataraxia was to keep the peace in the town or in Heaven's Feel Route which is like the ultimate climax to the game how Zouken wanted Heaven's Feel to become Immorality but without his body rotting. in Fate/Extra, Twice H. Pieceman had changed the Moon Cell's selection process to be a war believing humanity requires war to advance and evolve, he wanted Hakuno Kishinami and every other Master who appeared at the Moon Cell's core to wish for the perpetuation of war (stay in war)
Night could refer to how the battles mainly occurred during the night during the night or the darkness behind the war (In Prototype the Heaven's Feel system was meant to materialize Beast or in Fate/Stay Night Angra Mainyu's corruption of the grail)

Another theory is that the Fate part was taken from his original work, /Stay Night was just added to sound cool like with Kara no Kyoukai (空の境界?, lit. Boundary of Emptiness) - The Garden of Sinners or Tsukihime (月姫, lit. Moon Princess).

ref Anime News Network Forums


What are the characteristics and themes present in Gundam characters based on Char Aznable?

It seems that there is always a masked antagonist in the Gundam series, but they vary in how much they resemble the original Char.

In Gundam Seed, it is Rau Le Creuset . Masked, and related by blood to a member of the protagonists camp. IIRC he is also a noble who stands to inherit, but unlike Char Aznable,

   his family is not usurped.

In G-Gundam, it would be Schwarz Bruder. It is a bit tricky to bring him in the equation, though, because G-Gundam is much simpler than the other Gundam series.

Going by these examples and the ones mentioned in the question, the constant features seem to be

The character wears a mask to hide his true identity.
The character fights for the (apparent) enemy.
The character is male.
The character is related by blood or cloning to the protagonist or a close ally.

The features that vary among the Char Aznable knockoffs are

The character has a strong sense of honour and fair-play (IIRC Rau Le Creuset is the exception here).
The character is a noble.
The character bears a secret grudge (Schwarz Bruder would be the exception).
The character has a nickname (again Schwarz Bruder is the exception).

With respect to Quatre in Gundam Wing, I don't think he is a Char-based character. Quatre makes no secret of his identity and doesn't wear a mask. His name is not a clue IMO; almost all characters in the show were named after numbers in French. The role of Char is aptly fulfilled by Zechs Marquise.


Why is Elizabeth's last name "Greenhough-Smith"?

His full name isn't Julian Smith, it's Julian Tyler Smith, so I assume Greenhough is Sophia's maiden name.

His name tag reveals that he has Tyler on his name:

I'm pretty sure his name was shown as "Julian Tyler Smith" at some point on either the manga or anime, but I can't remember when.


What is the name of the song in episode 9 starting around 10:37?

OK, I found a playlist someone posted on Reddit with the song I was looking for. https://youtu.be/CdOc3BAOKHo track 4, titled "LIZARD".


Would Sasuke awaken 2nd Rinnegan if he in some case accept arm with Hashirama's cells

what Madara did was combine the chakras of Indra and Ashura, he already had the chakra of Indra since he was a reincarnate and added Ashuras chakra by attaching Hashirams cell(who was a reincarnate of Ashura). Meaning he essentially combined those chakras to become more or less like the six path. But in the case of Sasuke he gained the other half of the chakra from Hagromo directly so he already has the missing part to become the six path. Therefore he cant awaken a second reningan, i.e he has already gotten Hashirams cell when he got his missing arm attached(that was made from Hashirams cell)


When was Shion's flashback of him and his father camping set at?

The original Suou died 8 years before Ryūsei no Jemini, which is set two years after the first season. Izanamis stopped awakening in the OVA, which was 6 years after human Suou died. Logically, Suou has to have died during Heaven's War.


What is the actual color of the Rasengan?

Strictly speaking, the canonical color of the Rasengan should be yellow, because Naruto's chakra is yellow in the manga. (Chapter 91)

The anime changed the chakra color to blue for some reason, probably because they felt blue looked better in the animation. Games are often made to resemble the anime, not the manga, so that could be the reason they picked blue.

The yellow image in the anime that you mention is an inconsistency. They may have used the color from the manga for that image because it wasn't important for the plot.


Why can't Kakashi use Lightning Cutter properly after losing his Sharingan?

Kakashi can't use the Lightning Cutter because it creates tunnel vision without the Sharingan, leaving him open for counter-attacks.


I think the short answer is that this is a red herring. Dix-Neuf isn't the original Gunbuster, and the reveal is after the time-skip when the original finally gets back to Earth.

An un-sourced explanation from an /a/ thread says this:

  All the old Buster Machines including Dix-Neuf were built with degeneracy generator, but the former humanity removed it to bury the technology as they branded it to be too powerful. Future generation replaced them with Topless cockpits (Topless being the power-source instead of the generator) and new production of Buster Machines aren't made for the said generators, so only the old generation ones can use them.


Which Doraemon episode is this with Shizuka and multiple mini Doraemons?

The text on the upper-left reads 「大晦日だよ！ドラえもん」(Oomisoka dayo! Doraemon, "It's New Year's Eve!! Doraemon"), which is the title of the show.
The subtitle reads「人類を救うために、ドラ・ザ・仮面登場！！」 (Jinrui wo sukuu tame ni, Dora The Kamen toujou!!, "To save mankind, Dora The Kamen appears!!).

This is from 2001's Doraemon New Year's Eve special episode, titled 「大晦日だよ！ドラえもん!!ミラクル大変身３時間スペシャル!!」 (Oomisoka dayo! Doraemon!! Miracle Daihenshin 3-jikan Special!!, "It's New Year's Eve! Doraemon!! Big Miracle Transformation 3-hour Special!!"). This special episode was broadcasted on 2001/12/31 from 18:00-20:54 JST and consists of 12 rerun episodes and 6 original bridging episodes:

ミニドラ救助隊 (Mini Dora Rescue Team) [Episode 1291]
冬眠シェルター (Hibernation Shelter) [Episode 1342]
ドラえもん　の　捕物帖 (Doraemon's Detective Story)
ジャイアンのディナーショー (Gian's Dinner Show) [Episode 1054]
ドラえもん　の　荒野のガンマン (Doraemon's Desert Gunman)
未来へのメッセージ (Message to the Future) [Episode 1247]
ドラえもん　の　黄門様 (Doraemon's Koumon-sama)
いつでもどこでもスケッチセット (Whenever, Wherever Sketch Set) [Episode 1053]
刑事　ドラえもん (Inspector Doraemon)
ママのありがたみ    (Mama's Blessing) [Episode 1077]
ジュラ紀でドラミが大ピンチ (Jurassic Age, Dorami in Big Trouble) [Episode 1489]
ボクを止めるのび太 (Nobita Who Stops Me) [Episode 1472]
ドラ・ザ・仮面 (Dora The Kamen)
カードテレビ電話 (Card TV Telephone) [Episode 1420]
特賞！のび太温泉 (Special Prize! Hot Spring Nobita) [Episode 1484]
名探偵　ドラえもん (Detective Doraemon)
雪だるまドラ太郎 (Snowman Dora-tarou)[Episode 1434]
白雪姫のリンゴ (Snow White's Apple) [Episode 1300]

Unfortunately, many Doraemon special episodes are only broadcasted on TV and don't have their home consumer version (DVD/BD), including this one.

References:

TV Drama DB (Japanese): Broadcast info
Hana Baloon (Japanese): Episodes info


Can I get some help identifying this figurine of a blonde swordswoman wearing a highleg?

She is Yuna Kagurazaka from Galaxy Fraulein Yuna, which is a series of video games that also spawned two OVA releases.

You can find the same figurine in different angles here.


Kami nomi zo Shiru Sekai
Also known as The World God Only Knows

Synopsis

Keima is a dating sim champion. Cute girls are rendered powerless by his irresistible game playing techniques. Too bad things aren't that way in the real world. That is, until his tempting game playing causes a real live—and very bubbly-cute—demon hunter named Elsie to materialize! Now Elsie wants Keima to help her free hot girls from sneaky demons who secretly possess them.

Source: Sentai Filmworks


How do companies decide what anime to dub?

They choose based off the potential to make money.  If the topic is relevant enough for an overseas audience they will dub it, otherwise they'll either choose to use subtitles or do nothing.

Usually that is why dubbed anime is anime that is already relatively well known/popular, as if it is popular, it can be franchised.


Why is there a difference between the licensed Italian paper manga and scanlation of Bokura ga Ita?

This is one of the cases where the tankobon version revises the (flow of the) story of the original serialized magazine version.

In this case, the scanlation is using the original serialized magazine version, where the Italian tankobon is based on the Japanese tankobon.

A Japanese blogger wrote a review for the last volume based on the original version and the tankobon version:

  雑誌掲載時のものに加筆修正あり。

  There are additions & corrections to the serialized magazine version.

  最終話もいろいろ描き足してありましたが
  それ以外にも主に竹内くん関連で
  セリフやモノローグがかわっていました。

  In addition to the many additional scenes in the last chapter, the speech and the monologue that are mainly related to Takeuchi were changed.

  捨てたと思わせて実は持っていた指輪を
  その指輪の意味がわかったら
  捨てろという手紙とともに矢野の
  ところにおいていった竹内君。[...]

  Takeuchi left the ring that was thought to be thrown away and a letter that says to throw away the ring if he understands the meaning of it at Yano's place. [...]

  以下雑誌掲載時の感想
  くらべてみると
  最初１６巻を読んだときには
  気づかなかったその違いに気づく・・。
  かわっている部分が
  より伝えたいことだったのだろうなと
  改めてもう一度読み返しました。

  Below is my feeling when reading the serialized magazine version. When comparing to it, I noticed the difference that I hadn't noticed when reading volume 16 for the first time... the changed part meant more things to tell, thus I re-read it once again.

  矢野は矢野で職場の草むしりのお手伝い。
  バラの枝をみて母が育てていたバラを
  思い出し、もと住んでいた場所にいってみると[...]

  Yano was helping to weed at his workplace. After seeing a rose bush, he remembered the roses that his mom raised, and went into their previous house [...]


What did Menma say after the credits at the end of the AnoHana Movie?

Well, now that the BD is out, I went back and checked. Here's how it goes down:

生まれ変わったら、何になろう？
If I get reincarnated, what could I be?
お花になろう。蝶々になろう。蟻ん子になろう。お芋になろう。
I could be a flower, or a butterfly, or an ant, or a potato.
何になっても大丈夫だよ。だってね。
No matter what I become, I'll be okay. You know why?
超平和バスターズはずーっと仲良しだから！
Because the Super Peace Busters are friends forever!

Translation mine because I don't have access to the subs that were shown in theaters (I don't know if they were even released anywhere).

Album of after credits scene.


Why are dominators activated for drones and robots?

So far, dominators are shown to have only four enforcement mode. One is Non-Lethal Paralyzer used on targets with crime coefficient between 100 and 300. The other one is Lethal Eliminator used only for human targets with crime coefficient above 300. The third and rarely used mode is the Destroy Decomposer as mentioned by senshin and so far only used on non-human targets. Fourth is shown in movie only, called Explosive Destroy Decomposer.

Dominators have the Lethal Eliminator mode activated when pointed at drones because drones are non-living beings, therefore there is no need to use the Non-Lethal Paralyzer as it would be just a waste of ammo. Also since before activation Dominator scans the user to ensure its user's mental stability and that the user has the appropriate rights, pointing Dominator at drones or other non-living targets means that the user intents to destroy the target, which is why Lethal Eliminator or other lethal shots mode are assumed.

Dominators use destroy decomposer mode on drones mainly because the Lethal Eliminator mode makes the target grow bubbles and explode, which might be dangerous when applied to drones. There are two dangers, one is the explosion itself, since some sharp particles might fly out, and two is because only parts surrounding the shot will explode, which means some part of the drone might survive the shot. The left part might still function, which is why destroy decomposer is used to make sure that the target drone is completely eliminated.


Title and singer of that english-sounding song in Tokyo Ghoul Root of Aogiri anime?

What I usually do in cases like this is look the show up on AnimeNewsNetwork, where it lists all the insert songs used in the show:

http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/anime.php?id=16318

I don't have enough reputation to post more links yet, but it looks like it might be the songs "On My Own" or "Glassy Sky" (both on Youtube). They're both song by Katherine Liner, BTW.


Who was piloting the White Knight Infinite Stratos?

No.

  The White Knight's pilot was Chifuyu Orimura, as confirmed in the light novels, and heavily implied during the anime.

Source: http://infinite-stratos.wikia.com/wiki/White_Knight


Why did Luffy react to Nami's body, but not to Hancock's?

A different reader had the same question and according to Oda, it was all because of Usopp's bad influence. Luffy and Usopp are of the same age, so  when they are together it would be like kids going on a school trip: their bad side comes out!
From SBS of Volume 54, chapter 523:

Reader: Hey, Oda. In volume 53, chapter 518, Hancock's "Mero Mero Mellow" had no effect on Luffy at all, but in volume 23, chapter 213, it looked like he had a reaction to Nami's "Happiness Punch". Why did he respond to Nami's naked body but no to Hancock's? Is Nami's body just that amazing? -Kazu
Oda: Wow, I got a lot of questions about this. Is this what you guys are paying attention to? Don't just read manga all day, go study some more!! Okay? Well, I say that, but I do nothing but draw manga. I noticed this when we were drawing it, but if Luffy had a nosebleed when he saw Hancock's body, I think you would all be like "Ehh!?". That's not the Luffy we know. I believe that Luffy reacted to Nami's naked body twice, in volumes 18 and 23, and both times it happened, Usopp was with him! He's the suspicious one! In other words, when Luffy is alone, his reaction is what it was with Hancock. He's interested, but he's not entranced by her. But when he's with Usopp, who's the same age, it's like a kid on a school trip: his bad side comes out!! Yeah, both sides of Luffy feel right to me, so the culprit is definitely Usopp!!


Why does Neptune give Broccoli the nickname Puchiko?

Like other character's Broccoli's name is from that of the company she represents, in this case Broccoli

her nickname, Puchiko actually comes from another of Broccoli's works called Di Gi Charat, from the Wikipedia Article on Broccoli

  Broccoli is well known for the Di Gi Charat franchise and series.

in Di Gi Charat there is a character called Puchiko

  Petit Charat (Puchiko, プチ・キャラット), is Dejiko's little half-sister and is a catgirl.

there is also character called Gema. looking at Puchiko and Gema from Di Gi Charat and Broccoli from Neptunia they look similar

As you can see both Puchiko and Broccoli look very similar both having the same hairstyle, hat and being catgirls. also Broccoli's weapon Gema (seen under her) looks the exact same as Gema from Di Gi Charat

Also Puchiko and Broccoli both share the same Japanese Seiyuu and English Voice Actress.

  Broccoli (ブロッコリー Burokkorī)
  Voiced by: Miyuki Sawashiro (Japanese); Karen Strassman (English)
  A little girl first appearing in Victory. In Re;Birth 1, she can join Neptune's party near the end of the game. She represents Broccoli.

Source: List of Hyperdimension Neptunia characters - Supporting characters

  Petit Charat (プチ・キャラット Puchi Kyaratto) / Puchiko (ぷちこ Puchiko)
  Voiced by: Miyuki Sawashiro (1999–2008; Japanese and English in Leave it to Piyoko!), Nao Minakami (2008), Karen Strassman (English)
  At the beginning of the story it is explained that Puchiko, also known as Capuccino, is Dejiko's five-year-old sidekick and is a catgirl.

Source: Di Gi Charat - Characters

So Neptune's nickname for Broccoli, Puchiko, is actually a throw back to a character in Di Gi Charat which was made by the company Broccoli


How is the Boatdrift Ceremony (Ofunehiki) supposed to be held?

The Ofunehiki is an emulation of the original Ojoshi-sama sacrifice, in an attempt to quell the wrath of the Sea God.

The people of the Shioshishio and Oshiooshi used to take turns providing for the Ofunehiki, but in recent years (pre-ep1) they stopped doing so because the growing animosity between the sea and surface people (evident when Hikari calls a meeting and they end bickering).

In the anime things go out of control because the sea god is very wrathful-ish. My guess is that when Uroko says the Ofunehiki is useless, it is not because it held no power, it is because a poorly-executed ofunehiki would do no effect on the sea god feelings dissolved in the ocean. (lets assume Uroko had very little faith in Hikari).

The wooden maidens (more so the living ones) are very desired by the Sea God, in an attempt to fill the void left by the departing ojoshi-sama. He would gather the fallen wood figurine and guide it to the graveyard with the currents.

There are 16 sea villages around Japan (they also do not care to say what about the rest of the world, but there is a lot of sea out there). It is said somewhere near the end of S1 and the beginning of the S2. If they all hold Ofunehiki or if they have their own version of Uroko-sama is not stated in the anime series.

There is also no reference as to how long Ofunehiki is being held. But you can expect "for centuries" as a good measure. The Ojoshi-sama was a real person, and the sea people are all her descendants, so we can think of an adam-eve kind of timeframe, for her existance to fall into a (almost forgotten) legend.