That would be the beauty of different/fan translations, in that one sentence could be translated into several different sentences in the other language and effectively mean the same thing. This is especially prevalent for names or titles which don't have quite as direct translations.

Shinigami representative is one potential translation of 死神代行 (Shinigami Daikō) which google translate directly translates to Shinigami Actor, Shinigami meaning God of death or Death God. I believe the official translation called it a Substitute Shinigami, the title bestowed to Ichigo, which comes with that sweet hollow detector and soul expelling pass.


Who is the mysterious Programmer of Angel Beats?

Here are a few possible candidates.

1. Yuzuru Otonashi

The Programmer's details match those of Yuzuru Otonashi's with striking similarities. Let's not forget that alongside the original ending of Angel Beats, Key issued another epilogue, aptly titled "Another Epilogue". In this, the main focus is another person that's arrived in the Afterlife, and he is surrounded by quiet, obedient NPCs. After challenging the reality of the Afterlife School, he is talked to by the Student Council President,

   The Otonashi in an alternate timeline, who hasn't moved on yet,

and he is told that if he has any questions about the world that they both live in that he should come down to the Student Council room. However, as

   Otonashi heads back to the Student Council room, a girl can be heard saying, "There's a rumor that he's waiting for someone."

So therefore, it's entirely possible that

   Otonashi is waiting for Kanade, and that this timestream somehow loops. Otonashi goes crazy waiting for Kanade, who has a infinitesimally small chance of reappearing in the Afterlife, but still, better than zero.

He turns himself into an NPC to be able to withstand the long wait, and creates the AI, or the "AI" to be able to maintain the requirements of the Afterlife, not allowing love to manifest, possibly therefore saving future arrivals from the pain that he has been exposed to. This may be why he creates Angelplayer, because he knows that if Kanade reappears, then she'll know how to use it, any maybe program it to move him back from his NPC state. The members of the SSS arrive after this, then, at the time of Episode 1, the timestream loops, causing

   Otonashi to revert back from an NPC.

Forgetting everything that's happened to him, the events continue their course the same way they did before –

   causing the timeline to repeat over and over and over.

2. Tachibana Kanade

Tachibana Kanade was one of the first people to appear in the Afterlife World, and also the only person who is able to use Angelplayer without help. Because she has this ability, she may be the one who programmed it. However, she has never expressed any recollection in creating the program.

3. Takeyama

Takeyama is great with computers. His behavior throughout the anime is somewhat mysterious, as he constantly refers to himself as "Christ", suggesting that he has some great power in the Afterlife World. He is the most logical choice because of his skill with computers, and his ability to interface with Angelplayer. However, he does require English translators to use the program.

4. ???

The AI tells Yuri that the Programmer existed before the SSS appeared, and turned himself into an NPC. The AI also tells Yuri that she wouldn't know the Programmer even if the AI were to say it. This, logically, means that the Programmer cannot be a member of the SSS, Guild, or Kanade, as Yuri knows all of these people. Or, the AI could just have been made to respond that way to protect the Programmer. Perhaps we may never know...


Where did the fanart in episode 5 come from?

There was a contest in Pixiv regarding that episode:

Starting September 9th, TV animation, Miss Monochrome, are looking for fresh new cosplay designs with the main character in clothing such as swimwear, cat ears, race queen clothes, nurse, doctor, shrine maiden, etc.
The winning entry or entries will have their work show up in the 5th episode of the Miss Monochrome animation along with a signed poster.

They gave credit to the winner

And here are the winner (click to get bigger image):

And here are the original fanart post on pixiv:

https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=medium&illust_id=38685552
https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=medium&illust_id=38774657
https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=medium&illust_id=38735824
https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=medium&illust_id=38822738
https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=medium&illust_id=38818662
https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=medium&illust_id=38833155 (the shrine maiden art apparently been made private by the artist)

Here are all submitted entry and the contest winners from Pixiv


Where does Team Rocket get all of their vehicles and machines?

Even though Jessie and James are pretty stupid, they are still a part of the larger organization Team Rocket where they obtain their funds. I believe that in the 1st season with the original 150 Pokemon they are also shown once meeting the boss for more funds, who gets pretty mad but in the end still grants it to them. (I can't recall the exact episode; it is too long ago.)

How does the organization Team Rocket obtain money? Well, if it was not quite obvious yet, by Jessie and James trying to steal each and every Pokemon quoting "they will make a nice buck" once in a while.

  While its main focus is stealing or capturing rare and strong Pokemon, and subsequently selling them, it also funds and conducts cruel experimental research on Pokemon. Their oath, as posted on the wall of one of their many bases, is "Steal Pokemon for profit. Exploit Pokemon for profit. All Pokemon exist for the glory of Team Rocket." Their ultimate goal is to take over the world using Pokemon.

I have been using Jessie and James as an example due to your picture. There are more reliable Team Rocket members within their ranks which do manage to obtain Pokemon also managing to cover the failure of a member's cost.


Why didn't Misaki tell the extra person at the start?

Nobody knew exactly how to stop the Calamity until they found the

 tape which explained that it can only be stopped if the Extra is killed (send back to death).

So there was not really the need for Misaki to tell anyone.
Other than that, she didn't tell anyone because no one talked to her except Kouichi.
And she couldn't tell him since

 Kouichi and Reiko were related (his aunt).

So he would have had doubted Misaki.
Lastly, if she told it from the start, the producers couldn't have made anyone wonder who the Extra is. So it's part of the story.
In addition to this, a comment on Wikia about Class 3-3 might be even better in explaining it:

Before hearing

 Katsumi Matsunaga's tape, about "sending the dead back to death",

she thought knowing was irrelevant.  She knew, but what could anyone do?  She held back until the end of episode 10, "Glass eye", apparently because it would have been rude to tell Kouichi that

 the extra was someone close to him

and Kouichi didn't know of

 her ability to see the color of death

until almost the end of episode 10.  Her statement naming the extra was interrupted by Naoya Teshigawara.  It wasn't until the end of the next episode that she determined to go, by herself,

 and kill the extra.

-- And worth noting that the removal of the extra doesn't immunize the class from death, anymore than no historical calamity immunizes the other classes from ordinary accidental or illness death."


Why didn't the Gorosei fight in Marineford arc?

The Gorosei are the heads of the World Government and the rulers of the entire world.

Ace's execution was to be held at Marineford, in the presence of the three Admirals (aka the powerhouses), the legendary Monkey D Garp, several Vice Admirals, lots of Captains and Commanders, the Shichibukai and the Fleet Admiral Sengoku himself. This would make up atleast majority of the Navy, if not entire.

From this roll call it's obvious that the Gorosei wanted to get the job done quickly without their further meddling. Also, with forces like Whitebeard and his allies, going into the action could prove highly risky, because of their status.

Moreover, Oda sensei is building up more suspense and story to how the Gorosei will make a huge impact to the series. Marineford Arc might have been too small to involve the elements of the Gorosei. Also, their strength introduction would mean a history recall, which would need to be linked with the current storyline.


What song is playing 12 minutes into episode 13 of Code Geass R1?

The song is titled Stories, sung by Hitomi Kuroishi (黒石ひとみ).

More details about it is here:
http://codegeass.wikia.com/wiki/Stories

Here is the youtube link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PN0fkr2XoCM


He did hit his head as a baby, and that is what turned him from a vicious destroyer to the calm and kind child he became. This could have caused amnesia, though he was still a very young child/baby and maybe didn't even form memories yet, so it would be the natural infant amnesia we all experience.
As a side note, Toriyama himself wrote such a sequence, and it was noted that it contradicted the lore established in the past. However, most of that lore was Anime only, and not Manga only. Most of the lore we know of is from the Bardock movie, The Father of Goku.
From the Wiki

The manga's depiction of Goku greatly contrasts to the TV special Dragon Ball Z: Bardock - The Father of Goku. In this story, Goku's age at the time of Planet Vegeta's destruction is different than in other media: he is three years old, in contrast to a few days old. In Minus, Goku is also clothed in Saiyan gear, while in other depictions he isn't.
Presumably this would mean that Dragon Ball Minus is the manga's version of the events leading to Goku being sent to Earth as Bardock encounter with Frieza during the Genocide of the Saiyans only appears in a single panel of the original manga during the Frieza Saga, which was inspired by Bardock's encounter with Frieza in the TV special. Additionally while Bardock has a bad premonition concerning Frieza's order for the Saiyans to return to Planet Vegeta which explains why he decided to send Kakarot off world, there is no indication that this was a result of the foresight he was cursed with by Toolo's Future Punch providing further evidence that the events of Dragon Ball Minus are relegated to the manga storyline.

So most likely, its simply that all we know about baby Goku was a mix of Anime Filler and vague references from offhand comments, and Dragonball Minus is the more official version released about 20 years later. Toriyama himself was involved, though I can't find if he just wrote the cliffnotes, or illustrated the entire manga at the moment.


Why does Edward Elric throw up after digging up his mother's corpse?

As you point out in the question, they are digging up Ed's mother, which is traumatic in itself. Additionally, Ed is a child and they are doing this for a traumatic reason: to check whether the transmutation that took his arm and leg and his brother's body was actually of her. Vomiting is a result of the stress response which can come from things like anxiety and trauma. Hence Ed vomiting from digging up his mother.


As far as we know, Tsunade is still alive. After the Fourth Shinobi World War, Tsunade retires as the 5th Hokage, and she may have continued her tradition with leaving Konoha after the Second Shinobi World War when she retired as a Shinobi.
While details to Tsunade's whereabouts in the Boruto series have not been fully released, we do know she is still alive during the 5 Kage Summit in Naruto Chapter 700. This 5 Kage Summit occurred 15 years after the Fourth Shinobi World War, which was called by the 7th Hokage

Fifteen years after the Fourth Shinobi World War, another Kage Summit is convened in Konohagakure by the Seventh Hokage.

During this summit, Tsunade reunited with the other retired Kages

Tsunade attends Naruto's marriage to Hinata Hyūga. Yamato runs around prior to the ceremony making final preparations, which Tsunade occasionally offers advice on.
...
New Era
Twelve years later, while a Five Kage Summit was being held in Konoha, Tsunade and the other retired Kage visit the Third Tsuchikage to, as Tsunade puts it, get drunk and complain about things.


How did Jora get inside of the birdcage?

Giolla was in the birdcage since its erection.

In episode 656 of One Piece, Trafalgar Law has Giolla as a hostage.

After Law realized that Doffy would have sacrificed Giolla if necessary and thus holding her hostage held no benefit, he decided to release her. She tried to stay but Doffy told her to leave so she ran back to Dressrosa.

The birdcage was not surrounding Dressrosa until episode 680.


Throughout the first season of the anime, Horo makes reference to herself as a normal wolf

She is probably trying to be humble or modest or is comparing herself to other wolves in Yoitsu because she isn't a normal wolf compared to others we see on her journey for obvious reasons. As per the wiki you link to,

  Holo is a wolf harvest deity that was bound by a promise to the town of Pasloe for several centuries, ensuring a bountiful harvest of wheat for the residents.

I would say she was a deity from the start, or at least had the powers of one (common in Yoitsu?) as she knew that she would keep the promise (but not without caveats such as having bad harvests because of needing the land to recover)

Now, considering that she had come from Yoitsu and we don't have any information on her hitchhiking from Yoitsu like she is on the trip back, as in the anime when we see a flashback from when she first came to Pasloe we don't see her with anyone, I would speculate her binding to wheat is apart of the promise or contract she has made with Pasloe, and possibly how she is able to affect a harvest.

Her still being bound by wheat might mean that the promise is more of a binding contract between her and Pasloe, and it was Holo's decision to leave because she felt she was no longer needed.

  Feeling unneeded and that she had kept her promise long enough, she skipped town with a traveling merchant named Lawrence, by 'jumping' from the villagers' wheat to Lawrence's wheat in his wagon.

If her promise is a supernatural binding contract, then she wouldn't necessarily be released from it just because she feels like it.


You cannot go by status alone to indicate someone's actual power.

   After the great breakout out of Impel Down, he was demoted to Vice-Warden. Probably because of his pride. So based on status alone you would think Hannyabal to be stronger than Magellan, which we know he is not.

 Well he wasn't before the timeskip. We haven't seen either of them after that, so it's hard to say where they stand now.

In the One Piece power system, it is actually hard to say who is stronger in general, since it depends on lots of factors, like who you are up against. For example, Crocodile was much stronger than Luffy, but Luffy still beat him by using the water trick. In my opinion I think he wouldn't be far off the admiral's level, since he beat Blackbeard's crew with just one hydro attack. Actually Magellan's power and ability makes him the perfect guy for the job and wouldn't be a good admiral. He would have a hard time arresting someone without mortally poisoning him.


What happened to the Titans after the Survey Corps left the walls?

It is described in chapter 90 of manga. Using Titan guillotines, survey corps eventually slayed all titans inside wall Maria. And in following expedition to outside the walls, survey corps made conclusion, that most titans were actually inside wall Maria, so close to no titans were left in total.


What does the phrase "he's pulling an Amaterasu-sama on us" mean?

This is probably a reference to one of the most famous episodes involving Amaterasu, the sun deity of Shinto myth.

In the beginning, the world (or maybe just Japan) was created by Izanagi and Izanami. As a byproduct of this, the three sibling gods Amaterasu, Susanoo, and Tsukuyomi came into being (the latter two having domain over the seas and the moon, respectively).

Amaterasu and Susanoo had a long-standing rivalry/conflict. As part of this, one day, Susanoo threw a flayed (i.e. skinless) horse at Amaterasu and performed some other crude acts. Amaterasu, very angered by this, entered the Ama-no-Iwato, a cave. There she remained for a very long time. During this time, it is said that the sun did not rise, and this was widely considered to be a bad thing.

As such, the character being referred to in your quote is displaying Amaterasu-like-behavior - holing himself up in some secluded place, just like Amaterasu did when Susanoo angered her.

Addendum: this is a very well-known tale in Japan, and probably would have been about as obvious to Japanese viewers as a well-known Biblical parable would have been to American audiences (or something like that).


Does Zoro still have his ankle scars from Little Garden?

Probably just an error. There are many if you look carefully. Once I saw one of Luffy's hands have only four fingers.


Source for Perfect Blue's camera negative being destroyed

The closest source that exist on the internet is hearsay, according to an internet user on a forum post on the topic of the Bluray:

    What's the source on this? I've never heard of this before.

  The disc compressionist, privately to me.
  - professorwho

All copies were sourced from telecine transfers (i.e. digital copies of the film), which is why you see certain artifacts and overall decreased quality.


Why do light novels tend not to be animated directly?

I'm not an industry insider but it's not a deliberate matter of testing the market with manga before doing an anime.

It's simply that an anime is a much larger investment for all parties involved with a much longer lead time. As a result, the chances are, by the time a LN has passed through the various investors and producers required to greenlight it it has already been taken up by a mangaka. In the typical case, it's just so much easier to get a manga deal done first. The popularity of the manga itself does not directly affects the anime, the popularity (in some cases just the quality) of the original LN is enough to make a project happen.


Is there an 'angel dance' outside of the Shirobako anime?

According to what I read in a forum:

  Ema's Angel Exercise is modelled on the real-life Angel Exercise in the 70s.
  Bodybuilder Tsushima Seiji, under the name of Mukimuki Man (Muscular Man), comically did the Angel Exercise in the TV commercial for a sweet made by Morinaga and also in other TV programmes in the late 70s. (Morinaga's mascot is an angel, and the founder of Morinaga & Company Morinaga Taichirō was a Christian and learnt how to make Western-style confectionery in the USA.)

Here's the video of the original Angel Exercise: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NpF9V3nQoK4


Are there differences between Web Novel, Light Novel and Manga of Mushoku Tensei?

As far as I know, the manga follows the same path as the web novel with much skipped content. I don't know about the light novel but I read somewhere that there are some differences. And according to Wikipedia (link), there exists a whole volume between WN volumes 6 & 7, that covers Rudeus' adventures following Eris' departure.


Short answer.

Naruto's dad, Minato Namikaze (aka Fourth Hokage), was a famous ninja and, of course, had a lot of enemies, and if his enemies knew his son's identity they would go after him.

  Orphaned, Naruto grew up not knowing who his parents were, receiving only his mother's surname, as Hiruzen wanted to protect Naruto from his father's enemies.

Yes, they could have just told Naruto his parents identity, but since the villagers hated him he might think that the only way to stop their hatred is by telling them his parents identity. Which would then lead to the spreading of the word and people hunting him down.

Sources:

Naruto Uzumaki


What is this anime in which the main characters train to stop Satan and they all wear weird suits?

This is a quite wild guess but it could be Saint Seiya Omega:

The storyline of Omega takes place 25 years after the Holy Wars of the 20th century narrated in the original manga and its anime adaptation. The goddess Athena is still on Earth after reincarnating to continue her duty of protecting peace against several antagonistic deities. Athena and a new generation of Saints prepare to face new threats that lurks in this new era, in which Pegasus Seiya, the protagonist of Kurumada's manga, is revered as a Saint of legend and one of Athena's Gold Saints.

The two characters you are referring to could be:

Dragon Ryuhou:

Very caring of others by nature, Ryuhou suffers from a frail health. Calm and polite, he has a natural talent for becoming a formidable Saint, but he is affected by his condition. He received the Dragon Cloth from his father, the legendary Dragon Shiryu. The young Ryuhou commands the element of Water. After Genbu's death, Geki entrusts the Libra Cloth to Ryuhou so that he can give it to his father.

Pegasus Koga

The main protagonist in the series, trained since his early childhood to become a Saint, Koga is rebellious but also compassionate. He is still unaware of the purpose of having become a Saint in an era of peace, and has yet to discover his destiny. He meets Seiya, who teaches him the importance of friendship.

The other two characters you mentioned could be Aquila Yuna and Lionet Soma.

The plot will match your description even more if you replace Satan with the Greek god of war Mars, who in any case has a devilish aspect.


In the Boruto movie (which was released way before the Boruto manga/anime), after Boruto cheats on the chuunin examination, Naruto disqualifies him and takes his bandana from him. Later on, after Naruto is abducted, when Boruto shows determination to rescue his father, Sasuke is shown to give him "something", the scene cuts without showing what it is but in the next scene, just before they go through the portal Sasuke made, Boruto puts on a "scarred" bandana so it's implied it IS Sasuke's rogue ninja bandana. Later on he's shown with a normal bandana though, no clue whatsoever wether it was returned or not.

The bandana shown in that pic is one that you have to tie in the back, while the bandanas shown in the current series are mostly elastic ones (including Boruto's), which prompts me to believe that it's not Boruto's own bandana but an older ninja's, it very well may be Sasuke's given Boruto's attachment and admiration for him.


What is the point of Chaos;Head if it’s not in the same worldline as the other Science Adventure entries?

Because the point of Science Adventure series is not really about divergence ratio or the same worldline, but just due to the official genre/theme.
Back in 2008, when Chaos;Head was first released, the genre was officially given as "Delusional Science Adventure" (妄想科学ADV). At that time, there was no plan of making this into a series.
It was not until 2009 when Steins;Gate was released with the genre as "Supposition Science Adventure" (想定科学ADV), making it a series and also the 2nd entry.
This is then followed by:

Robotics;Note: Expansive Science Adventure (拡張科学ADV)
Chaos;Child: Delusional Science Adventure (the same as Chaos;Head)
Occultic;Nine: Paranormal Science Adventure (超常科学ADV)
Anonymous;Code: Supposition Science Adventure (the same as Steins;Gate)

The series emphasizes real scientific elements heavily while still allowing them to mix with fictional elements. This includes, but not strictly limited to, time travel and divergence ratio.

Main reference: Japanese Wikipedia on Science Adventure Series


Who is the physically strongest villain, All for One or Muscular?

I would like to start with this: In his fight with Muscular, Izuku was not using One For All with 100%. That was just Izuku with 100%.

We saw the glimpse of All Might's power with his fight against first Nomu in season one. That Nomu was designed for him however All Might was still able to defeat Nomu.

Now if we think about those we can say that All Might could have defeat Muscular which is defeated by Izuku that can't even use OfA with its full extent.


During his battle with Sasuke in the Valley of the End Naruto was not in control of the nine tails. The Nine Tails was acting on his own accord, triggered by the emotions of Naruto.

But during the battle with Kisame, Naruto was in control of the Nine Tails. Infact he had just gained control of it. So I would guess that, since he only recently gained control of the nine tails, he was not in sync with the Nine Tail's power, which is displayed by Naruto misjudging his speed and power thereby spraining/fracturing his ankle.

One can have all the raw power in him, but unless the body is in sync with the power, you are no good. Also, about the fallen Zetsu's or wood element's sprouting leaves, this is not done by Naruto, but rather it is done by Naruto's/Kurama's chakra resonating in the wood element. (Zetsu has Hashirama's cells).

Well this is my two cents.


What's the story behind the Altair fanart in episode 20?

I just found an interview with Tomoyuki Arima, a member of the art direction team of the show on Pixivision.

Relevant part:

  "--By the way, I heard some illustrations that appear on Piclive were actually posted on pixiv. Is it true?

  Arima: it's true. We commissioned those pictures in order to add them to Piclive. I don't know much about those commissions, but the original illustrators were allowed to post their work on pixiv, I think"

So, to answer the actual question: The pictures weren't planted and the they didn't contact the owners of existing artworks either. They simply asked a bunch of pixiv artists to create some artwork for them which they could put in the anime to give Piclive a more realistic Pixiv feeling, and the artists were allowed to upload these onto their own Pixiv.


According here

  When shocked or surprised, often by an absurdity or non sequitur, the
  listener may fall over onto his face, his limbs in a twisted mass
  above him. In its typical form, the character in question has just
  heard someone else say something so incredibly stupid that it, quite
  literally, floors them. A device usually limited to humorous anime,
  this may have been imported from a similar trope in early American comic strips called the 'flip-take'. A variation used mainly in films
  (as falling on one's own face in real life tends to be dangerous) has
  the characters briefly faint backwards, as opposed to forwards. Often
  includes, and is confused with, Wild Takes.


Where do the new super saiyan transformations fit in the power scale?

Manga 22 (plus Manga 20 mentioned by Wouter in a commentary) stated several things. Now we know Super Saiyan Blue and Super Saiyan Rose are equivalent states, and that Super Saiyan God is inferior to Rose (and Blue). So only a couple of transformations are left to know where they fit, Super Saiyan Rage and the legendary-like Super Saiyan. To summarize,

Base < Super Saiyan < Super Saiyan 2 < Super Saiyan 3 < Super Saiyan God < Super Saiyan Blue = Super Saiyan Rose

Updated 03/06/2017. We don't have the multiplier for the Broly-like Super Saiyan green transformation, but we have an approximation. In Dragon Ball Super episode 93 (spoilers behind)

   Caulifla in SSJ2 is able to hold her own against Kale Broly-like Super Saiyan green transformation. Kyabe is surpassed in SSJ1.


When does season 9 of Bleach take place chronologically?

Season 9 of bleach is filler and doesn't take place in canon.


What kind of luck are Hanako and Botan getting in the opening?

Neither of them are traditional omikuji results. Hanako has "hazure", which translates roughly as "miss" or "fail". Botan's is "sune", which I can't find a useful meaning for. "Sune" is Japanese for shin, or leg, and the only other meaning I can find is in reference to being a shin-biting bug, which is slang for being a mooch, which doesn't seem to fit.

EDIT: In episode 3, Botan does shout out "sune!" when her shin cracks, although she also breaks about three other bones in the same episode so I'm not sure why the shin would be singled out.


What are the stuffed toys in Suguha's room?

I'd say the cat-looking things in front are a type of nesting doll (matryoshka doll). Specifically this:

From http://bobobabushka.wordpress.com/2010/12/31/lucky-new-year/

The Penguins themselves might be a generic penguin plush toy. Remember that people keep all sorts of things in their bedrooms, and wouldn't display anything they didn't find visually appealing. Plush toys are considered cute.

In the first image, the dog-like stuffed animals are Capybara-san. This is also a cute thing.

If you want to make a connection. Capybara-san and Mawaru Penguindrum are toys put out by Banpresto, who also puts out SAO figurines.


Why are there so many books in Suruga Monkey?

That's her massive collection of BL (boys' love) books (which she is also into, besides considering herself a lesbian), at least that's what they represent. As many other things in Monogatari's animation, it should be taken more symbolically than literally. Take for example Senjougahara's "arsenal" of stationery in episode 1 of Bakemonogatari, or even more obviously the constantly shifting, multiplying, growing, falling etc. pile of pencils in episode 6 of Nisemonogatari (you'll know when you get there :) ).


In Charlotte, when Yuu basically time leaps, does his brother keep his time leap power and does Yuu still have it?

If I have to take a guess Yuu's brother (Shunsuke) did kept his time leap power when Yuu himself time leaped.
The reason for this is because when you perform time leap. The consciousness is transferred to the past self instead of going back in time.
To prove the hypothesis let us take some facts into account and consider a scenario.
Facts :

When Shunsuke time leaped the history would repeat itself if different actions were not taken as to previous attempt.
When an action is taken the future becomes unpredictable, however it does not affect the ability of others

Scenario :
If Yuu didn't change the history when he time leaped the history would have repeated itself where his sister dies and he would eventually meet Shunsuke to take his time leap ability. This means that Shunsuke should have his time leap irrespective of Yuu time leap ability.
Yuu would also have his time leap ability as the user does not loose their ability and it was reference in anime when his eye was slashed.
The reason Shunsuke didn't time leap after Yuu got his time leap because to change the future the history need to repeat itself to the point where a mistake was made else the whole future would be unpredictable. Since Shunsuke didn't know the actions taken by Yuu if he had time leapt there was almost no chance to repeat the exact same history. As it creates a Paradox.
To explain the Paradox we need a timeline. I am considering a hypothetical points on timeline.

Lets consider the point A where Shunsuke usually time leap himself i.e. When Ayumi is 8 years old.
Lets consider the point B where Yuu take Shunsuke time leap ability
Lets consider point C when Yuu time leaps and save Ayumi.

If the history needs to repeat itself for the time leap user, there are now 2 possible futures for Shunsuke where Ayumi dies and where she lives at point C. This paradox was created because Yuu time leaped. If Shunsuke does time leap to point A and reach point C in time it can't be explained whether Yuu would have time leap or not.
I think that should be able to explain it. Anyways this is what I think, do let me know your opinions.


Why didn’t Lelouch use Geass on himself sooner?

Lelouch's Geass isn't a OPed power that grants wishes

Lelouch's Geass, bestowed upon him by C.C., gives him "The Power of Absolute Obedience", allowing him to plant commands within a person's mind upon eye contact in a manner comparable to hypnosis.
...

The victim will not perform any action disallowed by their physical or mental capabilities, though they will try to carry out the command to the best of their ability. For example, a victim will not be able to correctly answer a question they don't know the answer to, but will direct the user to someone who can if they are able.

Source: Lelouch vi Britannia > Abilities > Geass
so even if Lelouch used his Geass on himself to "Achieve all your goals" it wont just magically make it happen. it only seems like that with Suzaku and Euphemia because

in Suzaku's case he was more or less suicidal as a means to atone for his past. Lelouch's command to "live" just forced Suzaku to not do anything that would needlessly throw away his life (ie. stand in the line of Hadron Cannon fire just to ensure Zero was killed)

in Euphie's case it override her own will of not wanting to kill the Japanese and in the end she didn't kill all the Japanese

A "Achieve all your goals" is also very dangerous as since as shown with Suzaku and Euphie it overrides one's wills it would also override morality. consider that one of Lelouch's goals was to get revenge against the Britannian Imperial Family and killed Clovis to this goal. now even if we assume Lelouch wouldn't harm Nunnally (who is in the royal family) a geass command to achieve all goals could just have him just take a nuke he finds to Pendragon and detonate it when the entire royal family is gathered there along with millions of innocent people.
we see this more or less happen in Season 2 when Suzaku detonates the F.L.E.I.J.A. at the start he doesn't want to do it and Lelouch would have successfully called his bluff when Suzaku threatened to detonate it during the second battle of Tokyo, however while he was prepared to die as a form of atonement during the fight the Geass order from Lelouch to "live" activated and forced Suzaku to kill millions of people just to save his life.


Are there other English versions of weekly manga magazines besides Shonen Jump?

I had asked a similar question in chat a little while ago and did some research myself on the subject.

Viz no longer publishes Shonen Jump, as it has gone entirely digital. Viz also used to publish Shojo Beat which ended its publication run in 2009. Before that, they published Manga Vizion (1995), a manga anthology that ran for 4 years, Pulp (1997), which was the same thing but aimed at adults and ran for 5 years.

More general publications like Animerica or New Type USA (by A.D. Vision, counterpart of the Japanese "New Type" magazine) contained news and some serialized manga. When A.D.V shut down, the magazine was replaced by PiQ, which was even less about anime/manga and only lasted 4 issues. There's also Anime Insider published by Wizard which contained some manga previews but it's mostly a news magazine and Protoculture Addicts published by Protoculture, Inc. which covers anime and manga news and is readily available in Europe. It's now part of Anime News Network.

I think the only manga magazine that's still in print today is Otaku USA which claims to publish 32 pages of manga previews. According to its wikipedia page:

  After the shutdown of NewType USA in February 2008, Anime Insider in March 2009, and the discontinuation of Protoculture Addicts since August 2008, Otaku USA is the only remaining anime news magazine published for the North American market.

Since it only contains previews of manga, it's not a viable option if you want serialized publications of manga in English.


Does Mob have an automatic/unconscious psychic protection?

If you're referring to when Mob was running during the race and fell. He didn't want to use psychic powers to win the race, he most likely just turned it off.


If Kurama is the living embodiment of hatred, then what about the other Tailed Beasts?

As per naruto.wikia.com

  Long years of receiving humanity's negative treatment caused Kurama to
  develop intense hostility and distrust against them, even going as far
  as proclaiming itself to be the living embodiment of hatred.

So, he was not embodiment of hatred by itself from start but became like this later on. So its not a tailed beast characteristic to represent as embodiment of single emotion per tailed beast.


Does the first OVA take place right after the last episode of the first season of Darker than Black?

No it definitely takes place sooner. Because:

Huang is still alive who died before the end of the first season.
Mao is still there and in his cat body.
The inspector doesn't know about Hei's identity. She finds out about it in the OVA but they forget it again because of that potion. But it is hinted in the last episode hat she did have an idea who the black reaper was even though she hadn't seen his face. It could have been that her memories of the events that happened in the OVA returned.


An anime where a girl with pink hair, half naked (or completely naked), with supernatural power making limbs explode in the first episode

I think you are talking about Elfen Lied. It's really crazy, especially the first episode.


How many endings are there in the School Days Visual Novel?

There are about 20 endings in the School Days Visual Novel. Here's the episode 6 routemap from School Days HQ:

Large image (severe spoilers)

The last leaves of the routemap tree can be duplicate (I know a single case, there can be more). The only reliable information about what ending you get is the title appearing at the end of a route, with the heading "Final Episode".

For example:

The attached routemap shows the title of the endings I know as of the time of writing, and the images you get in the main menu as a result of the route (see the two samples embedded in the routemap).

The number increases if you count "double" endings, where Makoto goes out with more than one girl and get a primary and a sort of secondary ending, explaining a particular outcome

   In one case, two girls are present in a single ending.

Makoto actually can date girls he doesn't get in the anime. In fact, there are more endings than girls. However, the two main heroines are Sekai and Kotonoha, and even the in-game graphics show Makoto's affection for them in the upper bar: red is Makoto's affection for Sekai, green is Makoto's affection for Kotonoha:

This is the reason why the anime almost only shows these two characters. On the contrary, by meeting particular conditions, you can choose other heroines in the game. Actually, there's even an ending where Makoto cannot get any girl, continuing to live his life normally without any love interest, though it's not included in the episode 6 routemap above.

As far as I know, Nanami Kanroji is and remains a supporting character in both the anime and the game.

   However, Nanami's friend Setsuna and her teammate Otome are heroines, as well as Sekai, while only Sekai is an heroine in the anime.

It's understandable, considering that Nanami Kanroji already has a boyfriend. She talks a lot about him to her friends and he appears during the School Festival:

   He is an otaku who likes playing visual novels, and he likes to be called oniichan by her when they have a sexual intercourse during the School Festival.

Being in a relationship herself, Nanami is in a good position to judge other characters' relationship. Nanami's role in the game seems to be judging Makoto's actions towards her friend Sekai, she has a very important role at the end of one of the routes. A hypothetical relationship between Makoto and her would destroy her credibility in the eyes of the player, reducing the impact of many key scenes.


Are the manga and the anime portraying Beerus as having the same strenght compared to other gods?

Well firstly, you have made a couple of incorrect assumptions which need to be clarified.

The reason you see all the Gods shocked and surprised once goku uses ultra instinct is because this a technique which even a god can't master perfectly and this was mastered a mere mortal. We have seen this inferiority complex shown by the gods towards the mortals multiiple times whenever they are astonished with a mortal's strength. We even see Sidra and Belmod shocked when goku turns SSJB. This is because of the mortal having the powers of a god.
Beerus is stronger than Champa both in the anime and in the manga. This was stated explicitely by Vados. That doesn't imply Champa is weak by any means. Also the fight between Beerus and Champa wasn't really an actual fight between 2 gods of destructions. Neither of them were utilising any of their skills and it was more or less like 2 angry kids throwing a fit and punching each other.
In the manga, Beerus is indicated to be a lot stronger than most of the god's of destructions(Including those of the high mortal ranking universes). So In the manga at least we could conclude Beerus is among the top 3 or at least, top 5 strongest gods of destructions across the multiverse.
As far as the anime goes, Gene not taking part in the intial match doesn't necessarily for a fact indicate that he is the strongest. It might be for a number of reasons. Perhaps, he knew the grand priest would have them fix up the damages or perhaps  the match would be very destructive and not be concluded or maybe there was another god among those 3 who was the strongest of the 4 and he knew that he would end up winning.
You do bring up an interesting point about the gods of the higher mortal ranking universes not seeming as nervous compared to the gods of the one's taking part in the tournament. However, like you said , it could possibly be because they aren't taking part in the tournament of power or maybe they have mastered the technique already.

What we do know for a fact is Jiren is as at the least as strong as Beerus or possibly even stronger.


In the original, it's called Beli in English. However, if the Japanese word is translated correctly, it's Beri - it's a feature of the Japanese language (look at SingerOfTheFalls answer). However, it differs in different languages: for example in Germany, it's Berry.

To compare the prices:

One cabbage loaf: 150 Beli
A Bon Chari: 500 Beli for renting, 10,000 Beli for buying
A Doskoi Panda brand shirt: 10,000 Beli
Nami's Jacket: 28,800 Beli

Regarding Luffy's bounty would be an equivalent to 30 million Yen,

   30 million Beli on Luffy's head is a little bit old; his current bounty is 400 million Beli.

Quote:

   Fourth Bounty: Defeating yet another Shichibukai (Gekko Moriah), attacking a World Noble, causing an unprecedented breakout from Impel Down, participating in the Whitebeard War, and by intruding Marine Headquarters a second time and ringing the Ox Bell 16 times (which was taken as a declaration of war), Luffy's bounty has gone up 100,000,000 more to make a total of  400,000,000 making it the third highest active bounty known. The public revelation of his relation to Monkey D. Dragon may also have influenced it.


The backstory of Takashi's childhood and parents are explained in anime's 4th season, from episode 11-13.

Takashi's parents have already passed away, and their names were never been revealed. His mom died just after he gave birth to Takashi. His dad died few years later, before Takashi's taking elementary school (where he was already living with his relative's family). Because of this and his bad childhood experience, he became traumatic and decided to forget his childhood memory. This is the reason why there's little info about his parents.

Photo of Takashi's parents

About Reiko's child, from Japanese's Yahoo! Answers,

  From 2011/3 issue of LaLa magazine (the one where Natsume's manga is serialized), Takashi told Tanuma that his grandmother (Reiko) wasn't married (but gave birth to Takashi's mother), and she didn't know her father (Takashi's grandfather). Reiko also died after she gave birth to Takashi's mother.


In Sword Art Online, is Kazuto (Kirito) Suguha's cousin, or is he adopted from unrelated parents?

According to the light novels they are cousins.

  Kirigaya Minetaka and Midori, husband and wife’s own child was
  Suguha, while Kazuto was Midori’s sister’s, this meant that he was the
  child of Suguha’s aunt. Her aunt and her husband, without a choice, left
  their only child, who was not even a year old, and passed away in an
  accident. The serious nature of the injuries they bared eventually
  putting an end to their lives, and Midori was left to take charge of
  Kazuto.
  That fact was told to Suguha by both her parents during winter
  two years ago, around that time, Kazuto was trapped in a virtual reality
  game, going by the name of «Sword Art Online». Suguha who had
  already received a big shock from the incident, was in a cruel state of
  confusion; she went to Midori, asking why she did not tell her earlier
  and why she was the only one not being told, and took out her
  confusion on Midori.

A bit earlier it is stated that his parents were surprised when Kazuto asked after his real parents so I find it unlikely that they would have lied to him.

  “... Even now, I recall that incident like it happened yesterday.
  That time when Minetaka-san and I were watching a movie in the
  living room, and Kazuto suddenly said from behind, ‘Please tell me
  about my real parents’ “.
  Suguha motionlessly gazed at Midori’s charming lips with very
  light rouge, a light nostalgic bitter smile appearing on them.
  “At that time, I was really surprised. Kazuto was only 10 years old.
  Till Suguha entered high school... it was a secret that we had planned to
  keep for 7 more years, but he found out about his Juki Net’s erase
  records.”

Both excerpts are from the prologue of the third light novel Fairy Dance (translations by Baka-Tsuki).


In Madoka Magica, are the girls' powers related to their wishes?

From an interview in the July 2011 issue of Megami, as translated on the Puella Magi Wiki:

  There's a few place in the script that I'd like to touch on, first about Mami and Kyoko. How is their "wish" connected to their powers when they became magical girls?
  In Mami's case, her wish "to connect to life" [editor's note: she wanted to live] gave her the power to "tie" and "combine" things together. That's why her power comes from the ribbon. By using the ribbon as a weapon, she can use that to produce guns that are useful in a battle. In ep3, Homura is stopped in her tracks by being tied up. That is her true magical power. She has the most experience so has a lot of different magical powers beyond those of her original powers.

And as for Kyouko (same source, different section):

  Regarding Kyoko, it [her magic power] is really very special. Because she got her wish of "getting people to listen" while in fact it was something like charming or hallucination, she got the magic power related to those things. However, because she lost her family, she totally negated those power with her subconscious mind. As a result, she fought only with the magic power she learnt later. This is the "hidden setting" (ura-settei) for her, although we never got to tell it in the anime.

These answers were given by Urobuchi Gen, the writer for Madoka. Since he is explaining the relationship between Mami and Kyouko's wishes and their powers, I'd say it's safe to take this as official confirmation there is indeed an intentional relationship.


What happened with the baby of Lemiel's sister and Licht?

The baby dies before it was born because Lemiel's Sister died.

When all the elves take over humans, the baby takes over Yuno. This is why he was able to break out of the Paotlli's command because the baby's brain was not developed.

This is further evidenced in the manga in chapter 213 when Litch tells Yuno that he was able to fight beside his son who was inside Yuno.


What is the manga about a twin brother and sister called?

I'm quite sure it is Hanayashiki no Juunintachi.

Synopsis from mangaupdates:

  Sakura Aki is a penniless high schooler who likes to cook and does other "unmanly" things. His grandfather and father are disciplinary on gender roles and beat up Aki everytime he does a thing that women would usually do, like cleaning. When his father leaves him absolutely broke, and with his grandfather realizing Aki's "unmanly" flaws, he sends him to live at one of the dorms at an all girls' school that he runs, a school where distinguished young ladies of the country attend, the Hanayashiki - Flower Estate-, to teach him a lesson.

Sakura Aki is the name of the boy who went to the same school as the two girls - the twin sister (Ayame) and her best friend (Renge).

The background story about the twin brother (Kakitsubata) and sister (Ayame) is told in chapter 8 and 9 from the point of view of the twin sister. Actually, it's mostly about how Ayame developed androphobia and personality disorder due to unhappy family, and also how she and Renge became close friends. Your description in the question matches the content of these 2 chapters quite well, so I will just put up some images to show the similarities.

This page from chapter 8 shows Ayame in the past with shoulder-length hair, and a picture of the blue bird, which their father was obsessed with. Their father also kept a bird of the same species in a cage in his room.

Another page from chapter 9 shows Ayame cutting her hair off to "solve the problem", since her hair was grabbed by her father during the previous incident where she was about to be punched. She later shaved her hair clean and wore a wig to class instead.


What is up with all those broken trees in the blue forest?

In the series the "Forest of Decay" grows above the petrified remains of ancient trees. Dialogue from the anime and manga suggest that the toxins from the immense pollution humanity caused in the past are absorbed by the plants while water and sand are filtered through the remains of the petrified wood and become purified, which is why the wells that people made have clean soil and water.

The petrified trees seems to be in part inspired by the natural process of petrified wood, a special type of fossilization.

  the result of a tree or tree-like plants having completely transitioned to stone by the process of permineralization. All the organic materials have been replaced with minerals (mostly a silicate, such as quartz), while retaining the original structure of the stem tissue

The actual process of petrification and filtering were or touched upon in the anime or manga. However in the manga it's inferred to be part of the artificially process ancient the humans created to clean up the miasma over time.


It is clearly explained in the same chapter (425), that he had taken part in Sabertooth's annual Saber eating competition.

Without cover etc., it was explained on page 13, upper half, said by Minvera to Lucy.

In the same chapter, two pages further, Libra had helped Sting with her magic to get thin again, so even if he had some use for the fat, it is now gone.


Why doesn't anyone use the substitution jutsu later in Naruto?

The substitution jutsu is still used constantly, but as the series progressed and the strength of the characters increased it became more practical to use clones instead as clones serve the same purpose and more.

There are notable examples of the substitution jutsu at the end of the series.

Kakashi using it against Obito in their final fight
Killer Bee uses it with one of Hachi's tentacles against Sasuke in their first fight

The technique is indeed extremely useful, and must be easy to do and require low chakra as it is taught in the Academy. It is likely a staple, fundamental technique that is used more often than we see, and is used so frequently and has such a low impact on high level fights that we likely forget if and when it is used.


What reason was Madara talking about in Chapter 661 ?

He was talking about that they are weak because they have their friends to hold them back. He's saying if they could just remain in solitude then their true potential will reveal itself.


Does CCG Know that Haise Sasaki is Actually Ken Kaneki?

From what I understand from the Manga:

Haise Sasaki is an Alter Ego of Ken Kaneki. Ken Kaneki was completely broken down and brainwashed. The knowledge that Ken Kaneki, the person, is a ghoul, is not common knowledge in the CCG, only a selected few know about this. They also don't know that Sasaki is Kaneki, and he doesn't know himself. For all that matters for most of the investigators of the GCC, the Eyepatch/Centerpede ghoul has been disposed of by Kisho Arima, if they know at all. Except for a selected few, the CCG thinks of Sasaki as a Quinx user (if even, I'm actually not sure if he ever used his Kakuhou while in the CCG), although he is none.

And the idea of the Quinx didn't come from Kaneki, it came from Ryoujirou Shiba. He actually did this better than the guy who did this to Kaneki, Akihiro Kano, the latter coming to admire the work of Shiba later on.


I think the track there is "The Ominous Flying Ship ~A Cyclone is Coming~".


As a competing answer to the one of @MadaraUchiha, here's my take.

The clan belonging is solved quite easily. The clan-belonging is given through the generations maternally.

This means what decides the clan is not the father, but the mother. In Naruto's case that is Kushina Uzumaki

Other than that, the naruto-wiki gives some nice information:

  A clan (一族, Ichizoku; Literally meaning "family"), in the loosest
  sense of the term, refers to a family or group of shinobi who form a
  basic unit of a shinobi village. Majority of these clans were mercenary military forces even before the First Shinobi World War. [...] Membership in a clan is usually determined by blood relations and genetics, which is vital in the usage of kekkei genkai and secret techniques. [...]  While clans may be composed of many individuals and extended families, many clans mentioned and seen in the series were somewhat limited to a nuclear family.
  Highlighting by me

It seems that the most clans seen, are just the mentioned nuclear families. This leads to the assumption, that one line of family that somewhen declared itself a clan is a clan. Some family lines had more offspring, and some had less. for example the Hyuuga-clan has multiple branch families, who are subordinate to the main family. The Uchiha clan on the other hand seems to just be loosely organized.

Some clans seem to have a definitive familiy head (Hyuuga, Akimichi, Nara). Other clans are not organized (Uchiha, Uzumaki, Inuzuka, [...]).

Clans mostly differ in chakra affinity and Kekkei Genkai, as well as battle style. In fact that seems to be the only thing shared in a clan. This Chakra affinity seems to be genetic, so that you are rather born into a clan than "join" it. It seems that not every person has his / her own clan, most prominent examples are probably Kakashi Hatake and Might Guy.


Is Patema Inverted available in English Dub?

The ANN site of the movie has a list of streaming platforms where it is supposed to be available.
I found it on Amazon Prime Video where it is indicated that the audio is in English.


Is Ginko's death a foregone conclusion (in the Mushishi storyline)?

Given the variety of events that happened in first season, it is safer to conclude that a Great Mushi-Master can live as long as he want. Though I agree with your view that as per Nui, anyone who lost one of its eyes to Tokoyami is bound to become Tokoyami sooner or later.

As far as I understand from the death of Nui in episode 12, Tokoyami is more like a mushi that colonizes the host from inside, seeing as it came out from Nui's second eye to devour her from outside, and the same happened to the one-eyed fish which Yoki saw in the pond during daybreak.

However, there are cases where people were able to avoid death.

In episode 20, Ginko went to meet Tanyuu Karibusa, who happened to have a Mushi inside her, but she was able to slowly "get rid of it" by writing the stories of Mushi's being killed. The ink used was the caged Mushi, which thereby got sealed into the writings.

In episode 9, Ginko met a head priest of a village who happened to use a seed having Kouki (the life pulse of all the Mushis) inside of it. The head priest was dead by the end, but Ginko revived him by injecting the same seed into priest's mouth, and then, he became immortal. Though such is a forbidden practice, it is always possible.

Based on these three episodes, I'm completely certain that he can live as long as he want. He is no ordinary man who can be engulfed by Tokoyami easily. I'm certain that Ginko, being a Mushi-Master, can find a way to cure himself.


How are short anime scheduled to be broadcast in Japan?

Bundling multiple shorts into a 30-minute block is reasonably common, yes. Ultra Super Anime Time is perhaps the best known block of this sort, bundling three ~8-minute shorts into a contiguous 30-minute time slot. It was home to seasons 2 and 3 of Miss Monochrome. A couple seasons ago, both Sekkou Boys and Kagewani Shou were on USAT together, which resulted in this bit of hilarity:

However, it's also fairly common for shorts to just be squeezed in between other shows. Japanese television programs don't tend to be rigidly slotted into exact 30-minute time blocks, so you can just kind of put shorts wherever there happens to be room. To use Tonari no Seki-kun as an example - when it aired on TX back in winter 2014, its slot was on Sundays from 26:35-26:45. It was preceded by Saki Zenkoku-hen from 26:05-26:35, and followed by Ichiyazuke (some sort of infomercial) from 26:45-26:55.

Same deal with Miss Monochrome season 1 - on TX, its slot was Tuesdays 25:35-25:40, preceded by Bijo no Kareshi ga Mitai! Osusume (I don't know what this is) from 25:30-25:35 and followed by Gifuu Doudou (which is unintentionally hilarious, by the way) from 25:40-26:10.


What is the classical piano song from Ep 13 08:39 of parasyte?

Sounds like Ave Maria to me —  not quite Schubert's version, though, I think.

It sounds more like Charles Gounod's version, which apparently was composed to be superimposed with Bach's Prelude No. 1 in C major, BWV 846 — so it may only be the Prelude itself?


There's no official statement for the production, but it seems the AE3803 is hexcode for a shade of red.


Why is One Punch Man considered a parody anime?

TL;DR: One Punch Man is not a parody of a single manga, it is a parody of the whole shonen genre. It makes fun of its codes and therefore can be seen as a parody.

To help understand it, I will compare One Punch Man to Dragon Ball. I will use the anime for comparison, but it is pretty much the same for the manga. This can and should be applied to many shonen series and not only Dragon Ball. Its use is only intended as an example.

Fights

In One Punch Man, the fights are over at the moment Saitama punches an enemy (except the final fight). The moment where the fight is going on is very brief. In Dragon Ball, the fights can last a lot of episodes. As an example, the famous fight between Frieza and Goku took 10 episodes (see How much broadcast time did it take for planet Namek to blow up)

Reason to fight

Saitama fights because he just wants to be a Super Hero. Being a hero is considered a hobby for him. On the other hand, Goku fights because he wants to save his friends and the Earth, while Vegeta fights to become the strongest fighter ever, Gohan wants to save the Earth so he can study peacefully, and so on. One Punch Man is deconstructing the shonen hero goals: by reading/watching it, you have the feeling that anybody can be a hero, it's not that hard. This is going even deeper as C-Class heroes are quite casual people.

Training

As mentionned in this post, compared to the power he acquired, Saitama's training is just ridiculous, and it is even more so if you compare it to the training in other anime.

The hero itself

Saitama is not badass. While this can be viewed as primarily opinion based, there are some elements that can help us to understand that he was not intended as a charismatic character. Even though every enemy and character are well drawn, Saitama is drawn in a quite basic style and leads us to the feeling that Saitama is out of universe. A good example is the transformation of Boros, which is quite similar to Dragon Ball's evolutions (this is not even my final form). While the transformation itself is very well drawn, Saitama's reaction is quite out of universe

And so on...

There are a lot other things that could be mentioned, such as the fact that we see the hero doing casual things (groceries, eating in restaurant alone, ...).


What makes Little Witch Academia a Netflix original series?

It just means that Netflix is the first-run exclusive broadcaster of the content in the regions where Netflix describes it as a "Netflix original". In its List of original programs distributed by Netflix Wikipedia lists Little Witch Academia in the "Acquisition" section as an "Exclusive international television distribution". It gives the following description of these types of shows:

  These television shows, even though Netflix lists them as Netflix originals, are shows that have been aired in different countries, and Netflix has bought exclusive distribution rights to stream them in other various countries. They may be available on Netflix in their home territory and other markets where Netflix does not have the first run license, without the Netflix Original label, some time after their first-run airing on their original broadcaster.

So in the US, for example, Little Witch Academia is a Netflix original, while in Japan it would just be another old TV show in its catalogue. It can happen the other way too, where a show originally broadcast in the US by different broadcaster becomes a Netflix original when shown by Netflix outside of the US.


Who is this shadow from the second Valvrave ED?

This character is revealed at the end of episode 12.

   Cain entered the cockpit of the Valvrave Two (which didn't start up until this episode) with an orb that he referred to as Prue.

 The helix in the orb reacted, and at the same time, the display in the cockpit of Valvrave Two showed an image of a man, which matches the shadow in the question.

 The girl in Valvrave One refers to him as Onii-chan.


In the end of chapter 1 of the manga is the only time I know she is mentioned (or more like shown in a picture).


Why is part of Tenjin's hat transparent?

The headgear is called a Kanmuri and that translucent part is just a thin layer of cloth/mesh attached to the headgear.

http://philippi-collection.blogspot.com/2011/02/headgear-of-japanese-shinto-priests.html


Where do I pick up from after finishing the Deltora Quest anime?

The first 8 books were adapted into a 52+13 episode series by OLM.

Please note that the 13 episodes after the 52 episodes are original and not part of the original novels.

The Deltora Shadowlands (3 books) and Dragons of Deltora (4 books) series are where you can continue from. Depending on your location, you may order them from online book distributors (in physical or e-book format) or see if they are available in your local library in electronic format.


Why is human transmutation illegal or that matter have alchemy laws?

@Madara basically hit the nail on the head here, but I thought I'd elaborate a bit.

Unmarked spoilers follow.

Father wants people making philosopher's stones for his goals. He has his end goal of the Nationwide Transmutation Circle, and he has a plan to get it. This plan involves the military laboratories (especially lab #5), as well as waging wars (such as the blood crest in the North), and a few other things.

But let's consider the very first episode of Brotherhood, in which Isaac McDougal, by way of philosopher's stone, launched an attack against the military, attempting to completely freeze over Central. This was clearly contrary to Father's goals, as its motive was to destroy Central by ice, beneath which Father lived.

And later in the series, the truth behind the military's law of, "you must not create humans," is revealed: they are not concerned with ethics, but rather to prevent people from creating an army which would oppose the government's, and subsequently, oppose Father.

So, like @Madara initially mentioned: killing people in reality is illegal, yet countries wage war because the governments have their own motives, which they believe are above those of the citizens. Yet, we can't just have citizens going around massacring others, can we? (Hint: The answer is no.)


Do studios like MAPPA do small animation projects for the right amount of money?

In paper yes (http://mappa.co.jp/mappa_e/contact.html). But, it's more better if you have connection with someone over there or a representative that as one.
You might be actually also be better off contacting an animator directly though if the animation project is like really small. Since most animators are contractors / freelancers.


What are the differences between Studio Ghibli's film adaptation and the original manga of "From Up On Poppy Hill"?

As mentioned by OP himself, the Blu-Ray version has some extras [1][2], including Goro Miyazaki, the director, talks about the differences between the manga and the movie.

  Director Goro Miyazaki on Yokohama – (15 mins) Miyazaki talks about making From Up on Poppy Hill a period film and the differences between the manga and the animated film adaptation.

  Director Goro Miyazaki on Yokohama (18 min.; HD): From Up on Poppy Hill's director speaks about shifting the original manga's setting to 1963 Yokohama, striking a balance between authenticity and properly cinematic visuals, the history and geography of Yokohama, and even a few notes about ideas that didn't make it into the finished film. This is a conversation that would benefit from some tightening in the editing room but is still well worth taking the time to watch.

But for the starter, Japanese Wikipedia lists some of the major differences:

  The movie followed the original manga's theme and setting for main characters, but the plot and story presentation were greatly modified, making it an original work.

  The introduction of "Quartier Latin", the high school's newspaper club's clubhouse as the original material in the movie. Shun and Shirou were trying hard to protect their clubhouse which had been planned to be demolished. Umi, trying to tell the goodness of the clubhouse to the students, proposed a clean-up and become close to Shun through it. The movie's storyline was largely constructed around this "building conservation" act.
  The timeline in the movie is around May-June 1963. To prevent extending the school year, Shun was placed in 3rd year from the beginning, Umi's 2nd year, and Sora's 1st year.
  The school uniform was changed from blazer to sailor suit.
  The main character's surname was changed from Komatsuzaki to Matsuzaki.
  The lodger Kitami Hokuto's name was changed to Miki Hokuto, the gender from man to woman, and the profession from veterinarian to doctor.
  The main character's mother Nijie Komatsuzaki's name was changed to Ryoko Matsuzaki, the profession from cameraman to college's associate professor (English literature).
  The setting about mahjong gambling was cut.
  Regarding the suspicion about the birth, it's revealed that the photo of father that Umi shown is the same as the photo that Shun had.
  Umi's grandfather, Shimatarou is no longer alive, and many characters in the manga didn't appear.


Why couldn't Bell "save" Artemis at the end of the movie "Arrow of the Orion"?

She was still connected to that monster and to prevent Antares from being able to use her powers again even if it was defeated


Ok, I found the omake that mentions Grimmjow:

In the bottom-right corner, it reads:

  Q: Will there be characters that appear in the role of a friend?

  Kubo: Ulquiorra has already turned to ash. Grimmjow might become a friend...

So yes, Grimmjow is alive.


What are some animation techniques used to drastically reduce the number of frames in a video?

If you mean reducing the number of frames you have to draw, one method is that you can have a computer interpolate in between some of the frames. Most animation softwares have this feature, including free ones like Blender.
Another tip is to keep the background static and only reanimate the characters. Also, Partial Animation is a great technique to reduce how much you have to redraw. For example, if a character is speaking, only move the mouth, eyes, and maybe one or two body parts of that character, while keeping the other characters static until the speaker is finished talking. Most animation studios use Partial Animation. You can also reuse previously animated chunks of non-flashy things that people wouldn't notice, such as the waves flowing in the background of a beach scene or maybe the clouds blowing in the sky.


What's the name of the intro song in The Day Naruto Became Hokage?

It is called Memories

You can find it here : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrfWJKMcFCM


Couldn't Light have relinquished ownership of the Death Note before dying?

Light actually relinquished ownership of the one Death Note he had back in Episode 29. Right before that point, Misa was the owner of Gelus' Death Note, Light was the owner of Rem's and Mello's mafia underling was the owner of Sidoh's. After giving up ownership, Light has Misa lend him her DN so that he doesn't lose his memories. She is still the owner since she still has her Shinigami eyes. Light never takes back ownership of any DN for the rest of the anime. I guess we can assume he keeps some sliver of a DN page on his body somewhere to make sure he has all the memories.

The fact that Light is not currently an owner of a DN is not relevant. At the very end of the last episode of the anime, no human is actually in ownership of any of the Death Notes. However, Ryuk still has to write the names of the original owner in his DN. according to Rule LXIV:

  If nobody claims the ownership of the Death Note [...] gods of death
  are [still] obliged to confirm the death of the first owner and write
  down that humans name in his/her Death Note even when he/she is in the
  world of gods of death.

(http://deathnote.wikia.com/wiki/Rules_of_the_Death_Note)


Major spoilers ahead, be warned. Like suggested by Omry, maybe reading the manga or watching the anime if it closes up, maybe also Fairy Tail Zero, would be better than reading my answer. But anyway here it comes:

   Mavis is, like Zeref, burdened with the Ankhseram Black Magic curse. This happend because she casted the magic "Law" in an incomplete state. The curse's direct effect - immortality - is the reason she didn't mature anymore, afterwards.
 After the death of a guild member (Rita, Makarov's mother), which was most likely caused by the second effect of the curse (the more she cares about life, the more people would die), she fled and wandered around, trying to kill herself by starving.
 After one year Zeref found her, of course still alive because of the curse. They came to love each other (another story), but their kiss caused Zerefs curse to kill Mavis, though she should be immortal.
 But the curse still affected her, so she didn't die completly. Zeref brought her "corpse" to Precht, who sealed it inside the giant Lacryma after noticing there was still magic energy inside the body. And that's the reason she can still interact with the world in her ethereal body.

Edit:
If the question was, whether her "body" is really a ghost, the answer should be yes. Ethereal bodies like her do not exist physically, so it's basically a ghost like we'd normally think of it. She created the body on Tenryou island after the S-Class exam using magic, so she has kinda shown that it's not real.
I don't think she really took phyiscal damage when falling, it's just that she was interacting with the physical world because she liked to. That's pure speculation, though.


Is the fictional script in Comet Lucifer decipherable?

It is indeed decipherable - the script appears to be a straightforward substitution cipher for English written in the Latin alphabet. But I would hesitate to even call it a "cipher". The script in Comet Lucifer is less like the script in Rokka no Yuusha, where decipherment is a genuine challenge, and more like what Akagami no Shirayukihime uses. That is, it's basically English written in a very exotic font. (Well, Akagami sometimes uses romanized Japanese rather than English, but the idea is the same.)

Consider this image from episode 1:

The headline on the left reads "Garden Indigo". If you squint right, you can see how the script really is just a hyper-stylized variant of uppercase Latin glyphs. And, as corroboration, recall that one of the military folks said "Garden Indigo" later in the episode.

Likewise, consider this image from episode 1:

What do these look like? "Wanted" posters, of course. And if you look hard enough, you'll see that the top line of the poster on the right looks a lot like a stylized version of the word "WANTED". If you look at the second line beneath the girl's picture on the same poster, you can match up the glyphs from "WANTED" to see that this says "-EWA-D". Fill in the blanks - which are both the same - and we conclude that this says "REWARD".

We don't have enough text as of episode 1 to construct a full translation table, but the general principle here is straightforward.


Why does Charles zi Britannia say "Yes, you're worthy of being called my child now!" at Lelouch's action?

The exploding ship was episode 13, but the Charles scene you're referring to is episode 22 with Euphy.
Charles didn't actually say that, it's a mistranslation. Charles said "he did it, he really did it", and what Charles most likely was talking about was Lelouch developing his geass to a higher level, and not the consequences of that development.


What happened to the rest of the Academy class?

Students graduating from the academy are given an additional test by their Jonin sensei. Kakashi mentioned during the bell test that only about 33% students pass this test, and those who fail are sent back to the Academy.

Among the other students in Naruto's class, some may have taken up a different profession after failing the Jonin test a few times, while others may have passed the test and taken up work as genins. Konoha does get a lot of genin mission requests, not just the plot relevant ones involving main characters.


Where can I watch "Attack on Titan" in Germany since it's not available on Crunchyroll?

I feel you. Copyright restrictions are stupid. They are complex and vary from country to country. The copyright owners apparently only licensed Crunchyroll to air this show in certain countries, Germany not one of them. Get a refund from Crunchyroll. And try Netflix. Attack on Titan is available on Netflix Germany.
Caveat
I think only the first season is available on Netflix Germany. DVD is another option worth looking into if your daughter wants to watch all the available episodes.


Where can I find a list of Yen Press shoujo ai/yuri titles?

Kiss and White Lily for My Dearest Girl
Eclair
Cocoon Entwined
Killing Me
Our Wonderful Day
Whenever Our Eyes Meet...
Yuri Life

I know there are some series where yuri isn't the main focus but it's there, like Scum's Wish and Murciélago. And some where it's subtext, like the K-ON series.


Are there power levels mentioned in Dragon Ball Super Broly?

Yes. Paragus is said to have a power level of 4200. Also, when Paragus scans Broly on Planet Vampa when he's a child, he has a power level of 920.


How are Akkis (fiends/ogres) immune to death-feedback?

The Death Feedback is part genetic and part conditioned. From episode 4, they mention that the human genome was modified and that the Death Feedback works by the subconscious becoming aware of an attempt to harm another human and it uses their power to stop liver functions and parathyroid glands. This is further reinforced by education, conditioning and hypnosis. I think in episode 12 Tomiko speculates that it could be possible to circumvent the Death Feedback if the user was on some kind of stimulants or somehow didn't recognize their targets as human.

This is possibly why the monster rats can raise a human child as one of their own species, and the child will grow up not recognizing humans as his/her own species so the child would be able to kill humans (but not the rats). It's also mentioned that the ogres are genetic mutations, possibly without the Death Feedback genome, but that wouldn't account for the rats stealing human infants since there's no guarantee that the infants have the mutation.


Are the mid-episode transitions in One Piece random?

In every anime I've seen with mid-episode transactions (MT) I've noticed five types of MTs.

Fixed - The same MT since episode 1 untill the end (very rare);
Changing by season - It changes depending on the season
Changing by arc - It changes depending on the arc;;
Changing by character reference - It focus on one or more characters of the anime (like One Piece);
Mix of 2, 3 and/or 4 - It is what is is (LOL).

There isn't any source that comproves this at least I haven't found any.
However, as in One Piece or any other animes that use MTs 3, 4 and 5, the MT seems to focus on the "main character of that specific episode" or the "Location of the episode" (this happens a lot in Fairy Tail S2, just an example though).

One Piece follows the same pattern, and the MT focus on the main character.
However, other characters can't be "forgotten" therefore they appear in the respective MTs.

Once again, I haven't found any official source that confirms this it's just a pattern I have seen in several animes not only one piece.
The fact that there isn't any official source might be a proof that it's not that important to be mentioned and it's just plain random.


What's the significance of the grandfather clock in Elfen Lied?

My personal interperation of the clock was always that it symbolizes the start of a normal live for Kouta and company. Which in place would fit really well with the ending of the rhyme elfenlied which insinuates the 'elf' observing, hitting it's head on a stone with Cuckoo sounds.

  "What are those bright windows?
  There must be a wedding inside;
  The little people are sitting at the feast,
  And make merry in the hall.
  So I'll just take a peep inside!"
  — Fie! he hits his head on hard stone!
  Well, elf, had enough, have you?
  Cuckoo! Cuckoo!

Some people however, also suggest that it might be Nyu, as opposed to Lucy. With the clock chiming in the start or maybe even birth of Nyu, into the world of normal humans.

Personally I think this was left open in a way it could be interpreted both in a positive and a negative ending. This both to drive people to read the manga which has a slightly different story and to stay in line with the rhyme, as this can be interpreted in both a negative and a positive tone.


Titans can have different types of abilities, like shifting back to human form (aka Titan Shifters), or putting armor on themselves (eg: Armored Titan, Annie hiding the back of her neck, ...). The third ability that was shown, was that of the Coordinate.

The Coordinate ability is basically the ability to control Titans. If the ability is controlled properly it can command all Titans to do whatever you want them to do.

   This is how humans were able to built the walls as sturdy and as big as they are right now.

As far as the story goes, it does not seem to work on Titan Shifters and there is supposed to be only one Titan with the Coordinate ability.

   Although the Beast Titan was shown to have a similar ability.


Can a clone be in sync with its original user when it is still active?

To understand this you need to dive a bit deeper into the wood style cloning technique

  A clone that is created by using chakra to alter the user's own cells into vegetation. The clones can be as simple in function as a wooden dummy for use in the Body Replacement Technique or completely mobile and able to perform techniques. They have the ability to travel far from the user and are able to communicate with the original. source

Depending on how complicated you make the wood clone yourself it will even be able to communicate. Yamato also should be able to communicate with his wood clone, although this might be harder for him as he does have some of hashiramas cells. But is not as strong/ chakra rich as him

  Because they share the same cells, Yamato is able to track its location, communicate with it over long distances, and absorb any information it has gathered by laying his hand on it. Yamato can also use a seed form variant to this technique that operates in the same way: he is able to track anyone that he plants the seeds on by its response to his chakra. source


What happens to the members of W.I.S.E. near the end of the Psyren?

If you look at chapter 145 (page 4) in the manga, you can see this:

Yoshina asks No. 7 about Ouroboros, and she says that it has disappeared into space again in exchange for her brother's and Grana's lives.

So, if we take the words of No. 7 seriously, yes, they died.


I believe that Natsu is a year older than Lucy. The year they came from was 377 to be exact, if you then add the year 777 it's exactly four hundred years so Natsu would have been 11 years old as Lucy was 10.
So if Lucy was born 767 that means Natsu was born 366, as to the exact day it's unknown but because his parents named him "Natsu" (summer), as the first day of summer is around the middle of June and not July we could say Natsu's birthday is June 20th 366.
http://fairytail.wikia.com/wiki/Lucy_Heartfilia

↑ Fairy Tail Manga: Chapter 465, Pages 11-13
↑ Fairy Tail Manga: Chapter 468, Pages 2-14
↑ Fairy Tail Manga: Chapter 468, Pages 14-18
↑ Fairy Tail Manga: Chapter 400, Pages 15-19
↑ Fairy Tail Manga: Chapter 414, Pages 8-17


Why was Darui sucked into the Benihisago?

Taken from the Naruto wiki, 'he inadvertently uttered the word when he admonished the brothers and stated, "Ore wa Bosu no migiude da. Ruijihin janē! (「オレはボスの右腕だ。類似品じゃねェ!」, I'm the Boss' right arm. I'm no imitation!)"'. "Daru" sounds like his most said word, "darui."
This is why he was sealed.


Why was Excalibur not used near the end of season 2?

In SAO Wikia about Excalibur, there is some trivia mentioned, among which:

  Kazuto resolved to never use Excalibur for personal gain as he believed that the sword contained the «caliber» of himself and his companions.

As mentioned in the comments and in Alchemist's answer, Kirito used the sword when fighting off the guild to buy Asuna some time.


It probably depends on how far you are with the series:

  Jiraya knew who Naruto was from the beginning, Minato talked with Jiraya and made him his godfather, he also told Jiraya they are going to name him Naruto. So he knew about Naruto and watched over him from birth and started training him later on.

They didn't meet by chance, he already knew about Naruto and the seal, he knew about the 4th's seal, that's how he knew it had been tampered with by Orochimaru.
I think this is the case, Jiraya said he was getting research for his book, but I think Jiraya, being his godfather, tracked him down to begin his training.


Could one make a Devil Fruit eat another one?

Well, since both Vegapunk and Ceasar are doing weird experiments on DFs, i think that could happen one day and we can be sure they are working on it.
However, we can't know if they will successfully fuse two DFs as it will be decided in the future by the scenario. Only Oda knows.

Hope that helped.


Why does damaging something sometimes make it more powerful?

Well in both cases you cited it relates to released energy that was somehow blocked because of the danger of its release.
In Dragon Ball, I remember the scene near the end of the fight with Frieza where Goku tells Gohan something like this: "If the forces inside of me start unleashing, it will destroy this planet. You have to get out".

In Evangelion, we learn that the armor of the Evas are actually blockers to prevent them from going berserk, also hiding the true nature of the Evas, that they are composed more as a human would be, with skin, flesh and organs, than as a robot.

So these two things are common: the released energy that comes from hard, critical situations, near death experiences, and the revealing of the true nature of something, the dark forces inside all of us. I think it could be symbolic of the awakening of the unconscious part of the self.


What song is playing in episode 22 (s2ep10) of Tokyo Ghoul?

I'm pretty sure it's Augenbinde, or a softer version of it, which I think is the 11th track on disk one.


What is the true nature of the Cervello?

There's nothing official from either the manga or anime.

Anything regarding the Cervello's true nature will only be speculation and can thus be dependent on the viewers' interpretations.

While Shoichi said that the Cervello ended up with the Millefiore at some point (Episode 169: Sky Lion Ver.V (Leone di Cielo Version Vongola), it could be implied that this happened after they gave Byakuran the Mare Rings.

In my opinion, their true nature is similar to that of Kawahira's; they're just administrators. I'd like to assume that since Kawahira gave the Vongola Rings to Giotto, he has somehow given it to the Cervello to administer since he's administering the Arcobaleno pacifiers.


Historically, the memory inheritance power of Coordinate would only work for the bloodline of the Reiss royal family.

  Nevertheless, it seems that only the Reiss bloodline can activate this ability from the beginning, since Uri and Frieda Reiss showed signs of being aware of that knowledge immediately after obtaining the Coordinate, while Eren was only able to see some vague memories of Frieda after years of having received it.

One of the characteristics of the Coordinate is that its effects are linked to bloodlines.

The memory manipulation didn't work on several bloodlines that were not among the common people in the walls,

  (...) it is known that at least the Ackerman bloodline, the Asian clan, and the noble families are immune to this mental manipulation due to not sharing a common bloodline with the majority race within the walls.

So by not being a Reiss by birth, the coordinate is more or less dormant on Eren.

Source: http://attackontitan.wikia.com/wiki/Coordinate


Would Mineta stop producing the purple balls if Eraser Head used his quirk?

Similar to what is stated here, Shota Aizawa's quirk do not work on Mutation-class quirk and Mineta's quirk is classified as one.

So no, Mineta cannot stop producing purple balls even if Eraser Head used his quirk.


Is the bird sigil from Geass users visible?

IIRC, Geass is invisible and undetectable save for to other Geass users and the beings that give the power of Geass to humans. I can't recall what they are called.

This is further proven in R2 when has to deal with the guy who has the Geass canceler. Again Lelouch and his brother Rolo were able to detect him.

I kind of watched a few episodes recently but I did watch both series some time ago.


Why does Nora's darkness/corruption not affect Yato (or any other God that has named her, for that matter)?

As ton.yeung and I have stated in our comments, the Blight forms based on the guilt of the Shinki, therefore, if the shinki was committing sins under the notion that it was wrong, blight would occur, like in Yukine's case of destroying the school windows and stealing. But in Kugaha's case, he believed what he was doing to be for Bishamon's sake as shown in this scene.

Therefore, in Hiiro's case, she believes all the horrible things she did was for the sake of Yato and therefore was justice, so she was not blighted.


Did someone replace Uvogin in the Phantom Troupe? Yes, Illumi Zoldyck replaced him as No. 11. It is in Volume 36 Chapter 377. The image below is taken from the wiki.

As to why Illumi joined the Phantom Troupe, it is simply because Hisoka asked him to. He elaborated that Hisoka commissioned himself as a target to Illumi, and he joins just like that, and no questions were raised by the other Phantom Troupe members. So, if Illumi kills him, he gets a reward. Exactly what reward, it is not yet known. As to why Hisoka would want someone he is quite close to to kill him, I cannot say. He is quite unpredictable throughout the story.

However, when him and Illumi were hunting Killua and Alluka during the 13th Hunter Chairman Election arc, it is shown that he delights in the feeling of someone who have a desire to kill him. He is even debating on whether to gain Killua's or Illumi's hatred. (Chapter 330) This could be one of the reasons he asked Illumi to join the Phantom Troupe to kill him.

Should it be assumed, that Kalluto just took Hisoka's number? No assumptions need to be made as this was also made clear in the manga in Chapter 377. So, yes, Kalluto is the new No. 4.


What song plays during the episode preview after ending in Tokyo Ghoul:re episode 6?

Pretty sure its Phase Shift by Yukata Yamada, at the beginning or at 3:30. here's a link, hopefully I'm right
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWqWMh2PKP8


How Sarada was able to awaken Sharingan?

According to the wiki,

  The excitement of getting to be in the same room as him (Sasuke) causes her sharingan to awaken

So the fact she would finally get to meet her father causes such a powerful emotional response her Sharingan awakens

http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Sarada_Uchiha


Why are Asura and Indra of Hindu mythology represented opposite in Naruto?

Like I mentioned in my comment to your question, Asuras are shown to be stronger than normal human beings although they lack intelligence (Like Naruto). Devas on the other hand lack physical strength but are believed to be witty and skillful (Like Sasuke). Your argument that Asuras always try to steal the place of Devas is not entirely true. Example is Prahlada. He is an Asura but still is described as a saintly boy in the Puranas. His name's literal meaning is: filled with joy. (Just like Naruto).


The primary reason that Vegeta tolerates Android 18 is that he has changed.

He has become more human than a savage who destroyed planets for fun. This change of his is evident and there are many more instances of this in DBS (Dragon Ball Super). For example, in episode 2, he took a day out of his training schedule and went to the amusement park with Bulma and Trunks and the incidents that occur over there also highlight this sea change in his personality.
In fact, he's in touch with his human emotions, an instance being when
he gets angry over Beerus slapping Bulma when she slaps him for
ruining her birthday party and makes up his mind to fight him whereas
till that point he had been swallowing up his pride and acting like a
clown (episode 7).
It can also be said that he now accepts things as they are. He
realized that he isn't the strongest out there, and has shifted his
focus to becoming the best. He also has realized that there is nothing going to be achieved by revenge, so he doesn't seek revenge anymore.

This explains why Vegeta tolerated Android 18.


Who do the hands that help form Naruto's Final Rasengan belong to?

This has been going around Twitter for a while.

This is more or less Naruto's version of the DBZ Spirit Bomb trope where you borrow the spirit of all your allies into one final coup-de-grace. Then hands represented are as follows:
Left column (clockwise):

Jiraiya
Minato
Kushina
Shikamaru, Ino, Chouji

Middle column (clockwise):

Hinata, Kiba, Shino
Lee, Tenten, Gai (charred by the 8 Gates), Neji
Gaara (Fifth Kazekage), A (Fourth Raikage), Bee, Tsunade (Fifth Hokage), Mei (Fifth Mizukage),  Ohnoki (Third Tsuchikage)
Hiruzen (Third Hokage), Iruka, Konohamaru

Right column (clockwise):

Sai, Yamato
Obito
Kakashi
Sakura


How Did Naruto Know The Message His Parents Gave Him Before They Died?

While fighting the Nine-Tails for his chakra, Naruto met the sealed remnants of his mother Kushina inside his seal.
She told him the story of what happened during the Nine-Tails attack on Konoha and also what her and Minatos last words to Naruto were.
That should be in Episode 249.


Watching order for "Toaru Majutsu no Index" and related anime

Having just watched them out of order (accidentally), I highly recommend watching them by order of release date, including the movie.
The original and spin-off series were produced by the same company. (The same team as well I believe) and never aired at the same time.
This makes the recommended order:

Index season 1
Railgun season 1
Index season 2
Index movie
Railgun season 2 (S)
Index season 3
Accelerator season 1
Railgun season 3

Enjoy!


Which reasons are there to use super saiyan god instead of super saiyan blue?

In the Manga, Goku and Vegeta both thought up methods to conserve stamina when using SSB. They demonstrated these in their fight against Zamasu. Vegetas in particular is what we want, but understanding both is important.

Goku, in chapter 24, around page 33, sealed his power in his body. By doing so, the SSB aura disappeared. This is exactly what what he and Gohan did in the Hyperbolic time chamber for SSJ 1. The aura they release costs them power, draining stamina. By containing that aura in their body, they reduced the stamina drain down to almost nil, and so were able to stay transformed for extended periods of time. Goku replicated this with SSB, and so it can drain little stamina to keep active. As Vegeta put in, he was "fighting at a constant 100% of his power". He was able to fight on near equal footing with Fused Zamasu for a while at least.

Vegeta had a different solution, one that I think addresses the question quite nicely, albeit indirectly. On the same page as the quote I just said from Vegeta, he also noted "the fact that its only able to output full power for a very short time is blues greatest weakness". Vegeta's solution to this was displayed a few chapters earlier. In chapter 22, around page 15, Vegeta transformed into SSG, the Red form. He then revealed that that was his answer to the stamina problem. Red drains far less stamina than Blue, and so he used Red which he had mastered (He managed to contain the aura like Goku did for Blue), and then would transform into blue right as he attacked for an instant. His attacks had all the power of Blue, but the stamina drain of Blue was only in effect for an instant at a time, so he could maintain his max power for longer.

So, why is Goku using SSG, probably because its his most powerful form that doesn't cut his power in half after a minute of use. He has not mastered Blue yet in the anime that we know of, but it is known that the Aura they release when transformed is a huge drain on stamina. Red just drains less than Blue.


What's the name of One Piece's principal character?

His name is Luffy.  You better know his name when he becomes King of the Pirates!

We have discussed the difference with regard to pronounciation on this site before.


Is there a name for "4-koma style" anime?

Afaik there is none.

The closest genre that can fit would be Slice of Life but that's a really big genre to something specific you are looking for.

Maybe this list might help.


According to this quite old Ask John column (or the Google cache of it, since the original page seems to have gone offline), Touji's accent in Japanese is Osaka-ben. Eva wiki and TV Tropes corroborate this.

In case the cache of the Ask John page disappears, here's a screenshot of it:

You can see in the second paragraph that Touji is listed as a character who speaks with an Osaka accent.

According to the wiki, the accent Touji speaks with in the English manga was supposed to be a New York/Brooklyn accent, which was also used to translate Osaka's accent in the Azumanga Daioh manga. In Abenobashi Mahou Shoutengai and many other shows, a Texas or Southern accent was used.


How was the Ten Tails actually separated?

Although Tobi is a habitual liar1, his account of the Bijuu's origins, presumably written in the Uchiha shrine, can be relied upon.

  The Sage of Six Paths would create shape and form from nothingness, using imagination and spiritual energy, which forms basis of the Yin power, and then breathe life into that form using vitality and physical energy, which forms basis of the Yang power. He also created the nine Bijuu from the Juubi's chakra, using a technique with the power to turn imagination into reality, which is the Izanagi.2

Hence, the Juubi was separated into the nine Bijuu as we know, because that's the form Hagoromo Otsutsuki imagined the separated entities to take. If he had imagined a different form of separation, he would have ended with a different result. For instance, he could have created 100 beasts instead of 9, or given the same number of tails to each beast, or maybe even given them a human form. As such, the sum of the number of tails is not relevant.

1  His most famous and significant lie, being responsible for driving pretty much the entire plot:

   "I am Uchiha Madara."

2 Tobi's explanation of Bijuu's origins (Chapter 510)


How did Naruto defeat Edo Tensei Third Raikage?

After talking to Gyuki (Hachibi), Naruto guessed that the scar on the Third Raikage chest may have been made by his own Jigokuzuki (Hell Stab). Based on that, he prepared a plan to make the Raikage stab his own chest.

He went into Sage Mode, prepared a Rasengan, and ran towards the Raikage as if to hit him head on with the Rasengan. The Raikage too ran towards Naruto aiming to stab him with his One-Finger Nukite.

Naruto's Sage Mode allows him to better sense the enemy, so he could dodge the Raikage's finger at the last moment. It also give him better speed, so he could quickly redirect his Rasengan to aim at the Raikage's elbow, before the Raikage could dodge it. This impact bent his elbow causing his attack to pierce his own chest.


Did Kendo practicing helped Kirito in SAO?

Haven't seen the anime, but at least according to the Light Novels, it is implied that Suguha was better than most other players in Alfheim due to her expertise in Kendo. So answer to your first question would be a yes. It also goes in the other way around, in that skills learnt virtually can be applied to the real world, though there will be limits based on one's physical attributes naturally.

In Kirito's case though he given up on Kendo a long time ago, as kids. His prowess probably came from his inborn reflexes and his belief that both the gaming and the real world are 'real'.