Massive Cocci Type Bacterial Colony
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Bacteria are single cell organisms that serve a variety of functions
that are vital to life, and at the same time can threaten human life. A
typical bacterium is between a few tenths of a
micron and several
microns in size. They come in a variety of shapes, but two common shapes
are spherical (Cocci), and rod shaped (Bacilli).
Bacteria are beneficial in the production of foodstuffs like cheese,
yogurt, sour cream, buttermilk, vinegar, and wine. Bacteria are
responsible for various fermentation processes used in making these
products. In addition, bacteria play an important role in the proper
function of the human digestive system.
Bacteria are detrimental when they lead to infection. Common bacteria
induced diseases include cholera, tuberculosis, anthrax and bubonic
plague. Bacterial infections are typically treated with antibiotics.
Extensive, and often unwarranted use of antibiotics have led to the
emergence of new strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Some feel
that the emergence of these new strains of bacteria are a major threat
to human health.
Bacteria are ubiquitous. They can survive and thrive in environments
that would be incompatible with other forms of life. Bacteria can feed
on a wide array of material, including plastics and a variety of organic material.