Effectiveness and efficiency are very important in an organisation. Effectiveness mean "doing the right things", whereas efficiency means "doing things right". Therefore, four overall functions are tends to include everything that managers need to do in the management process. The four function of manager are planning, organising, leading and controlling. The major departments in bank are: customer service department, banking and financing department, human resources department, policy and control department, Consumer Sales & Distribution, Investment Banking and Banking Risk Monitoring of Group Information & Operations Division. Therefore, without these four functions of management, the organisation will faces many problems during operational the organisation. Tables below show a summary of functions of management.
Manager should be setting goals for the Bank. For instances, expand the network to overseas such as Singapore, this is due to Singapore is our neighbour country, is very near with Malaysia so still can take attention and observe the growing of the bank. Next, the manager should explain and defining the actions necessary to achieve the Bank goals to the work groups. This is for the employees to more understand they need to put effort together to achieve company goals. In a bank company, teamwork and workers spirit is very important to meet the goals. In the function of planning, setting a specific number or growth how many percent within this year is necessary. We know that, if a bank or an organisation which do not have any specific number as their goals, finally, there will never achieve the bank ideal goals. These have some examples about specific number in bank or a company's goals, increase 20% of new loaner or announced to bank organisational workers within 2011 year the target is 50,000 new opening accounts. The manager also need analysed or understood the Bank situation and appropriate goals and actions must be determined in order to solve problems or to take advantage of opportunities.
Figure 1 Goals and actions
Bank may face 2 main problems:
Furthermore, the manager needs to encourage the employees do not empty talk but with actual action to achieve Bank's goals together. Besides, the manager is tend to be innovation and considering what should be done to encourage levels of change. The manager must always prepare to give new ideas for the bank to do better and the best job. Moreover, manager throughout the bank must develop goals and operational plan for their subordinates to contribute a success bank as a whole. All managers in different department should always meeting and update the current information of company. Moreover, these managers may discuss the problems that company face.
Organising is involves and focuses on determining the tasks to be done, allocating human resources as well as non-human resources in the bank to carried out that plans successfully. Arranging of human resources in the bank is includes who is the person in-charge and how those tasks be managed, all is about people, who are labours and employees. The managers of each department tend to have a meeting to discuss how to allocate employees effectively. As an instance, the worker who is talented in promote things is suitable in-charge the position of sales and marketing department. However, non-human resources are includes the computers and electronic machines in the bank. For example, the bank-in machines, fast cheque machine, ATM machines and the staff desktop. Manager of the bank must organise the work group's members in small groups to avoid the "office politic" occurs badly so that need to do a guild line, so that information, resources and tasks will flow efficiently throughout the bank. Besides that, organising also includes assigning authority and responsibility so that tasks can be carried out effectively by employees.
Controlling is a process to ensure company moving toward the achievement of its expected goals. The manager must monitor the performance of the bank company as well as their strategic and operational plans. In this function, must be taken a set of work standards and to communicate them to the employees. A system of measure must be devised to judge or assess the staff performance according to these work standards. If there is discrepancy between goals and actual result, corrective actions must be imposed. Controlling also includes establishing and understanding what is required to achieve goals, measuring what actually happened and is being done, identifying deviations between planned and actual results, and taking corrective action if there is a deviation.
WTKN Bank is a local bank company. The goal of the company is to achieve 6,000 of new saving account within 6 months. However, WTKN Bank only achieves 650 of new saving accounts in first month, 890 of new saving accounts in second month. Therefore, the manager is needed to taking corrective action from 1,000 new saving accounts per month to 1,115 new saving accounts per month start from third month onwards. So that, the WTKN Bank's goals only can be meet.
2.0 Management Challenges
Management challenges can be divide into 2 main sectors, which are includes the challenges of internal organisation and external organisation. Internal organisation challenges are such as office politics, customer dissatisfaction and responsibility of employees which are often facing by bank organisation. While, external organisation challenges are competitor threats and the popularity of our bank to the nations.
2.1 Challenges of Internal organisation
2.1.1 Office politics
In many organisations especially in the office works, office politics is a big challenge for an organisation. When office politics are occurs, the staff in the bank will not in mood to do their work seriously. Due to their emotional are affected, unfortunately the bank also may be affected directly. To solve this problem, the manager should creates a harmony working environment. The manager may organise some motivate activities for their staff every 6 months, such as teamwork activity and some 3days 2 night motivate seminar, so that the staffs can more understanding of each other and encourage a good relationship between staffs and the manager. Besides that, the manager must help the staffs or employees to solve their problems. As a good leader, the manager not only need help their employees in works problem, but also in their personal problems. This is because the employees will more closely and feel belongingness to the company. Therefore, the employees will put their commitment to the bank organisation. Lastly, be a supportive leader, always be friendly, approachable, and concerned with the needs, status, and well being of subordinates as equals and frequently goes out of his way to make the work environment more pleasant and enjoyable.