UNITED NATIONS, (Pakistan Point News - 22th july, 2016) : Global temperatures for the first six months of this year reached new highs, setting 2016 on track to be the hottest-ever on record, the United Nations weather agency says. "Another month, another record. And another Decades-long trends of climate change are reaching new climaxes, fuelled by the strong 2015/2016 El Nino," World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Secretary-General Petteri Taalas said in a statement.
"The El Nino event, which turned up the Earth's thermostat, has now disappeared, but climate change, caused by heat-trapping greenhouse gases, will not," he stressed. This means more heatwaves, more extreme rainfall and potential for higher impact tropical cyclones. Arctic sea ice melted early and fast, another indicator of climate change. Carbon dioxide levels, which are driving global warming, have reached new highs. To calculate global temperature statistics for its annual state of the climate report, WMO uses datasets from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (NASA GISS), and the UK's Met Office and reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF).
Two separate reports from NOAA and NASA GISS both highlighted the dramatic and sweeping changes in the state of the climate. June 2016 marked the 14th consecutive month of record heat for land and oceans. It marked the 378th consecutive month with temperatures above the 20th century average. The last month with temperatures below the 20th century average was December 1984. Carbon dioxide concentrations have passed the symbolic milestone of 400 parts per million in the atmosphere so far this year.
CO2 levels vary according to the season, but the underlying trend is upwards. They showed a surprising increase for the first half of 2016, rising in June 2016 to nearly 407 ppm, 4 ppm greater than June 2015. "This underlines more starkly than ever the need to approve and implement the Paris Agreement on climate change, and to speed up the shift to low carbon economies and renewable energy," Taalas said. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has invited leaders to a special event on 21 September to deposit their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession to the Paris Agreement on climate change, which was adopted by last December.
The event will also provide an opportunity to other countries to publicly commit to the agreement before the end of 2016. The average temperature in the first six months of 2016 was 1.3 degrees Celsius (2.4 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than the pre-industrial era in the late 19th century, according to NASA.