- Common throughout North America, adult Turkey Vultures have reddish skin on their unfeathered heads .
Common Names in Albanian:
Common Names in Basque:
Common Names in Czech:
Common Names in Danish:
Common Names in Dutch:
Common Names in English:
=Buzzard, Buzzard, Carrion Crow, John Crow, Red-necked Buzzard, Turkey Buzzard, Turkey Vulture
Common Names in Estonian:
Common Names in Finnish:
Common Names in French:
Catharte Aura, Urubu , urubu à tête rouge, urubu Ã tÃªte rouge
Common Names in Galician:
Common Names in German:
Common Names in Guarani:
Common Names in Haitian Creole French:
Common Names in Irish:
Common Names in Italian:
Common Names in Japanese:
Common Names in Latin:
Common Names in Lithuanian:
Common Names in Manx:
Common Names in Norwegian:
Common Names in Polish:
Common Names in Portuguese:
Common Names in Portuguese (Brazil):
Common Names in Slovak:
Common Names in Slovenian:
Common Names in Spanish:
Aura, Aura Gallipavo, Zopilote aura
Common Names in Spanish (Argentine):
Jote Cabeza Colorada
Common Names in Spanish (Costa Rica):
Common Names in Spanish (Cuba):
Common Names in Spanish (Dominican Republic):
Common Names in Spanish (Honduras):
Common Names in Spanish (Mexico):
Common Names in Spanish (Nicaragua):
Common Names in Spanish (Paraguay):
Cuervo Cabeza Roja
Common Names in Spanish (Uruguay):
Cuervo Cabeza Roja
Common Names in Swedish:
Common Names in Turkish:
: Red head
· Yellowish bill · Reddish legs
Immature : Gray head · Gray bill · Gray legs
Size: 69 cm (27 in) in length ; 175 cm (69 in) wingspan.
Vegetation: arid lowland scrubs, pastures and agricultural lands, tropical deciduous forests, gallery forests, tropical lowland evergreen forest, second-growth forests and woodlands, tropical lowland evergreen forest, pine forests, arid lowland scrubs, low seasonally wet grasslands • Maximum Elevation: 2,500 meters • Foraging Strata: Aerial • Center of Abundance: Lower tropical: lowlands, lower than 500 m.; tropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbance: Low
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,622 meters (0 to 15,164 feet).
List of Habitats
- 1 Forest
- 1.4 Forest - Temperate
- 1.5 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 1.6 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland
- 1.9 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane
- 3 Shrubland
- 3.5 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 4 Grassland
- 4.6 Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded
- 8 Desert
- 8.1 Desert - Hot
- 14 Artificial/Terrestrial
- 14.2 Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland
- 14.6 Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest
This species is a carrion feeder , eating almost any type of dead animal. It can be commonly seen on the roadside eating vehicle-killed animals. The Turkey Vulture uses both sight and scent to find its food. This species also creates large communal roosts, with many birds gathering in the same tree or group of trees in the evening.
The breeding season
begins in March, peaks from April to May, and
extends into June. This species will nest
in a variety of habitats
but usually in wooded areas. Nest sites include the ground
, on a cliff
, on a ledge, in a shed, or in a barn. No nest
is built and eggs
are usually laid on the ground, rocks, or other
substrate. The female lays
1-3 (usually 2) eggs that she and the
male incubate for 38-41 days. The young are semi-altricial and are
cared for by the adults
for 66-88 days after they hatch
. For the
first five days after they hatch, the young are brooded continuously
by the adults
Clutch Size: 2 Length of Incubation : 38-41 days Days to Fledge : 66-88 Number of Broods: 1
Short distance migrant
Though its dining habits are less than elegant, the vulture is an expert in using air currents and its physique to find carrion . It must search a great deal of territory to find a dead or dying creature for a meal . The vulture is too big to fly long distances efficiently by flapping its wings . Instead, it lets air currents and its large wingspan work for it. Rising columns of air, called thermals, are particularly useful. When one bird finds a good thermal and is climbing successfully, other birds often join, and soon the group can be seen circling around a common axis. It behooves the vulture to fly in steady circles of the smallest diameter, so it can stay near the center of the thermal core where the lift is the strongest. When a height of several hundred meters is attained, the vulture can leave the thermal and glide off, slowly descending , constantly searching the terrain. If a possible meal is sighted, the vulture can reach that point quickly by pouring its efforts into a steep dive. The steeper the angle , the faster the bird travels. He is often able to beat four-footed scavengers to the prey .
Cathartes aura (Linnaeus, 1758)
Status: Accepted Name
Last scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001
The most similar species to the Turkey Vulture is the Black Vulture.
The Black Vulture has a black bald head. Most of the Black Vulture
wing appears black, except a few of the outer flight feathers which
create large white-appearing patches near the outer edges of the
wings. The wings of the Black Vulture are shorter and broader, and
the tail is also shorter.
The Black Vulture is also dark with an unfeathered head, but has a much differet shape in flight. It is short-winged, short-tailed, and intersperses glides on flat wings with quick, snappy wingbeats. Turkey Vultures lack the white patch at the wingtips and show contrast between paler flight feathers and darker coverts. Bald and Golden eagles are both superficially similar, but fly on flat wings, have feathered heads, and do not have contrastingly gray flight feathers. The Zone-tailed Hawk in the Southwest has a similar shape and flight style, but has a feathered head and white bands on a black tail.
Members of the genus Cathartes
C. aura (Red-Necked Buzzard) · C. aura aura (Turkey Vulture) · C. aura falklandicus (Falkland Turkey Vulture) · C. aura meridionalis (Turkey Vulture) · C. aura ruficollis (Turkey Vulture) · C. aura septentrionalis (Turkey Vulture) · C. aura teter (Turkey Vulture) · C. burrovianus (Lesser Yellow Headed Vulture) · C. burrovianus burrovianus (Lesser Yellow-Headed Vulture) · C. melambrotus (Greater Yellow-Headed Vulture)
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- University of Kansas publications, Museum of Natural History. 10 1956 Lawrence, University of Kansas. url p. 115, p. 176, p. 317, p. 320, p. 551, p. 581, p. 613, p. 634, p. 655, p. 672, p. 673, p. 676, p. 683, p. 699.
- Vertebrates of Ontario, by C. W. Nash. Department of Education, Toronto. Printed by order of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario Toronto, L. K. Cameron, 1908 url p. 38.
- Vertebrates of Ontario. TorontoPrint. by order of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario by L.K. Cameron1908 url p. 38.
- Wake-Robin, by John Burroughs. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin url p. 228.
- Wake-robin / by John Burroughs. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, c1899. url p. 228.
- Washington State Coastal Zone Management Program amendment no. 3: approval of the Grays Harbor estuary management plan: program draft environmental impact statement. [Olympia, Wash.?]: Grays Harbor Regional Planning Commission; 1983. url p. 4.
- Wild animals of Glacier National Park. The mammals, Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1918. url .
- Wild life of the world: a descriptive survey of the geographical distribution of animals / 2 London; F. Warne and co., 1916. url figure , p. 349.
- Year book - Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington url p. 173, p. 187, p. 195, p. 199, p. 210.
- Yosemite nature notes. [Yosemite National Park, Calif.: Yosemite Natural History Association url p. 89.
- Zoological Society bulletin. [New York]: New York Zoological Society. url , p. 459.
- BirdLife International 2009. Cathartes aura. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
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Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 05, 2008:
- Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
- Avian Knowledge Network: Great Backyard Bird Count
- Avian Knowledge Network: Hawk Migration Association of North America - HawkCount
- Avian Knowledge Network: Project FeederWatch
- Bird Studies Canada: BC Coastal Waterbird Survey
- Bird Studies Canada: Marsh Monitoring Program - Birds
- Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 1981-1985
- Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 2001-2005
- Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: North West Territories and Nunavut Bird Checklist, Canada
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Ontario Nest Records
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Royal British Columbia Museum
- Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
- GBIF-Sweden: Birds (GBIF-SE:Artdatabanken)
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Bay of Fundy Species List (OBIS Canada)
- Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University: MCZ Ornithology Collection
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
- New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
- Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
- Senckenberg: Collection Aves (bird skins)
- Senckenberg: Collection Aves (spirit preserved)
- UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8928
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-175265
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2481930
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 175265
- IUCN ID: 198281
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABNKA02010
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 907