In vitro fertilization (IVF) is also known as test tube baby. In vitro fertilization is a form of assisted reproductive technology (ART) that involves fertilizing sperm and eggs outside of the human body. IVF is a complicated procedure that includes physically removing eggs from ovaries and mixing them with sperm in a lab for conception.
The fertilized egg (now known as an embryo) is implanted into a uterus a few days after fertilization. When this embryo inserts itself into the uterine wall, pregnancy begins.
Why is IVF performed?
If you or your spouse suffers from the following conditions, IVF may be a viable choice.
- Fallopian tubes that be blocked or damaged
- Low sperm count or other disorders with sperm
- Other ovarian problems, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
- Fibroids in the uterus
- Having issues with your uterus
- The chance of passing on a hereditary illness or disorder is high
- Infertility that isn’t explained
How to prepare for IVF?
You’ll need a full medical evaluation and fertility testing before beginning IVF therapy. Your spouse will also be questioned and tested. You’ll go through the following steps as part of your preparation:
- Consultation for IVF (meet with medical professionals to go through the specifics of the IVF procedure)
- A uterine exam, a current Pap test, and mammography are all recommended (if over 40)
- Analysis of semen
- Diagnostic testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and other infectious conditions
- Blood and urine tests, as well as ovarian reserve testing
- Instructions for using fertility medications
- Screening for genetic carriers
- Consent paperwork must be signed
- Hysteroscopy or saline-infused sonography (SIS) are used to examine the uterine cavity
Your healthcare physician will recommend that you begin taking folic acid supplements at least three months before embryo transfer.