Fred Perry is best known today for the chain of leisurewear that bears his illustrious name. But almost three quarters of a century ago, he set Wimbledon ablaze when he won the men's singles – a feat that no Briton has achieved since. He was feted internationally, but in the genteel world of the 1930s no mention was made of his torrid love life.
The first biography of the tennis star, The Last Champion, paints Perry as the heartthrob of his day: flirting with Hollywood and dating some of the world's most beautiful women, while governments sought his services for propaganda purposes.
The book, written by the Observer's tennis correspondent Jon Henderson, spells out how Perry's glamorous life was a far cry from his humble origins: his father, Sam, had worked in a factory before becoming a powerful figure in the Co-operative movement and a Labour MP. But Perry's immense talents – first at table tennis, eventually becoming world champion; then at lawn tennis – propelled him to international stardom.
It helped that Perry had matinee-idol looks. "He is 6ft tall, weighs around 12 stone; sculptors declare his physique perfect ... women fall for him like ninepins," Henderson quotes one star-struck commentator as having said at the height of Perry's success. "When he goes to Hollywood, male film stars go and sulk in Nevada."
Away from the tennis courts, women and the silver screen were Perry's great loves. Once, while staying at a Boston hotel, Perry and an American tennis player tied bed sheets together to lower themselves down to the floor below to make a social call on two female players. "I shiver when I think of that climb," Perry recalled.
Perry was briefly engaged to an English actress, Mary Lawson, but went on to marry four times. His first marriage was to divorcee Helen Vinson, an actress from Texas; the second, to Sandra Breaux, a model with film ambitions; and the third to Lorraine Walsh, whose drink problem is thought to have contributed to their break-up. All three maintained that Perry had been cruel to them, although Henderson suggests this was largely legalese employed by their divorce lawyers. Perry's fourth wife, Barbara Rise Friedman, stayed with him for 40 years.
But the book's most intriguing suggestion is that Perry enjoyed dalliances with some of Hollywood's leading ladies. He briefly dated the original blonde bombshell Jean Harlow, of whom the Hollywood trade paper Variety once noted: "It doesn't matter what degree of talent she possesses ... nobody ever starved possessing what she's got."
He went on to become a close confidant of screen star Bette Davis, of whom he said: "We were always easy and natural in each other's company ... Not exactly family, but almost."
Perry also romanced Marlene Dietrich while coaching her at tennis. According to Dietrich's daughter, Maria Riva: "Fred Perry taught my mother to play tennis with great patience and lots of little passionate hugs, punctuated with rapid kissing between flying balls."
At the time, Dietrich was also engaged in a lesbian affair with Mercedes de Acosta, a Cuban-American poet referred to as the "smitten Spaniard" by Riva. "I sort of hoped the smitten Spaniard might arrive and witness the Englishman at work, but my mother was very skilful in keeping her admirers from overlapping," said the star's daughter.
Hollywood leading man Clark Gable's former lover Loretta Young also set tongues wagging when she turned up on Perry's arm at Wimbledon, although she played down suggestions of a serious romance. "You can bank on it that I'm not going back to America as Mrs Perry," she told the press.
At the height of his career, film studio RKO offered Perry a contract for two movies at $50,000 each, but the Lawn Tennis Association, the amateur game's governing body in England, talked him out of it.
Perry's on-court prowess was second to none. "Perry's forehand was merely the deadliest weapon in an armoury full of menace," Henderson notes. "He executed his backhand – distinguished by its short backswing – with the powerful efficiency of a butcher laying into a carcass."
It was this ability that saw Perry, a teetotal pipe-smoker, win Wimbledon in 1934, 1935 and 1936, completing a sporting hat-trick that made him one of the world's first truly international sportsmen.
In 1937, he turned professional, after becoming disillusioned with the LTA, upset that it had done little to offer him incentives to remain an amateur. He hired an American promoter and took US citizenship the following year.
Henderson believes that decision, compounded by his desire to stay in America when war broke out, cost Perry a knighthood. He was called up in 1942 and served in the US airforce, spending most of the war in California as the military hierarchy tried, unsuccessfully, to find a propaganda role for him.
Perry's failure to secure a knighthood was in some ways in keeping with his character. He had always felt like an outsider. His friend Dan Maskell, the veteran BBC tennis commentator, recalled: "He was not typically British; there was an aggressiveness and dedication about him that was out of step with the contemporary attitude towards sport."
Indeed, Perry was even known to deviate from the very English sense of fair play. American champion Jack Kramer recalled how Perry would antagonise his opponents by saying "very clevah" whenever an opponent played a particularly good shot. " 'Very clevah' drove a lot of opponents crazy," Kramer said.
When Perry turned professional, an official from the International Lawn Tennis Club of Great Britain wrote to inform him that he should never wear the club sweater again. "I made sure he wouldn't have to worry about that," Perry said. "I sent a sleeve to him as a present."
Though a perennially disappointed nation desperately hopes that a successor will now emerge to emulate Perry's success, aficionados of the sport doubt that England will see his like again.
At Perry's funeral in 1995, a friend recalled how "simply fun to be around" Perry had been – warm and friendly and a bit of a rascal. He told how one day Perry walked into a locker room and declared: "Thank God I'm not playing me today."
In 1957, more than 20 years after winning his last grand slam title, Perry was approached by a Soviet delegation to help the USSR challenge the west's hegemony at tennis. He made two visits to advise the Soviet bloc countries.
On his first, he pushed his hosts to make a grand political gesture, calling on them to allow a player to compete at Wimbledon. Anna Dmitrieva, 17, became that player, and reached the final in the junior tournament in 1958.
The search for a successor
Since Fred Perry hung up his racket, Britain has been searching in vain for another tennis king to replace him. But the country has not produced a male Wimbledon champion since Perry's triumph in 1936.
The last great hope, Tim Henman, retired in 2007, bringing the curtain down on a 14-year career that included six grand slam semi-finals including Wimbledon in 2001, one Masters Series title, and an Olympic silver medal in doubles.
Only three British men have reached the final of a grand slam tournament in the professional era: John Lloyd, beaten by Vitas Gerulaitis in the Australian Open in 1977; Greg Rusedski, who lost to Pat Rafter in New York in 1987 and the increasingly impressive Andy Murray who last year lost in the US Open final to Roger Federer and is now ranked No 4 in the world.
Britain's female players have done significantly better. Virginia Wade won Wimbledon in 1977 and Sue Barker won the French Open the year before. But perhaps the country's future tennis success lies in mixed doubles. Andy Murray's older brother, Jamie, won the final of Wimbledon in 2007 partnering Serbian Jelena Jankovic.