Fluorescent lamps use 25%–35% of the energy used by incandescent lamps to provide the same amount of illumination (efficacy of 30–110 lumens per watt). They also last about 10 times longer (7,000–24,000 hours).
The light produced by a fluorescent tube is caused by an electric current conducted through mercury and inert gases. Fluorescent lamps require a ballast to regulate operating current and provide a high start-up voltage. Electronic ballasts outperform standard and improved electromagnetic ballasts by operating at a very high frequency that eliminates flicker and noise. Electronic ballasts also are more energy-efficient. Special ballasts are needed to allow dimming of fluorescent lamps.
Improvements in technology have resulted in fluorescent lamps with color temperature and color rendition that are comparable to incandescent lamps.
Types of Fluorescent Lamps
Two general types of fluorescent lamps include these:
- Compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)
- Fluorescent tube and circline lamps