More than half of Parliament's time is taken up with the consideration of proposed legislation. Between 150 and 250 Bills are passed each year. Most Bills are not contentious, either being 'machinery' legislation necessary for the orderly processes of government, or Bills that propose alterations to existing legislation. Most of the Bills are government Bills; legislation sponsored by private members is rare.
The representation of the people is an important role of members of the House of Representatives and Senators. Working for their constituents occupies a great deal of their time. The relative importance of this role may be judged by the high proportion of time spent by MPs in their electorates and away from Parliament. Since the beginning of 2000, Parliament has averaged 65 sitting days per year.
The scrutiny function is seen most obviously in the formal periods of Question Time, in both houses, that are a part of each day's sitting. Question Time is the best-known part of parliamentary proceedings, and is attended by many of the visiting public. Less well-known is the activity of parliamentary committees which are established in order that Parliament's legislative, representation and scrutiny functions can be carried out thoroughly and with the benefit of expert advice. These committees undertake the scrutiny of government operations as well as frequent inquiries into a range of current issues.
Parliament also acts as a forum where peoples' concerns can be aired prominently. This can be in Question Time, in debates on major issues, in grievance debates, in adjournment debates and at various stages of the legislative process.