I recently created a display outside my classroom recognising some of the most famous scientists throughout history, and noticed how few women there were. Sadly history tells us of the hardships women had to earn the right to be recognised as equals and I fully expect a teacher who is creating something similar in a few hundred years will fill up their displays with many more women than myself. It needs to be said however that there were still some incredibly amazing female scientists who even back then, managed to make some wonderful discoveries.
Women such as Marie Curie and Rosalind Franklin are two of the most famous (and did make it onto my display), but there are many others, such as Ada Lovelace (who was celebrated yesterday with her own day!) who helped Charles Babbage with his mathematical engine and is often given the title "first programmer" and Marie-Anna Paulze Lavoisier who was married to the very famous Antoine Lavoisier, but was an amazing chemist in her own right and no doubt should be just as revered as the great man himself.
To finish I will link you to a BBC article about Annie Maunder, who along with her husband Walter Maunder studied the sun in great detail discovering valuable information about the solar corona and sunspots. Their names are used to describe the Maunder Minimum which was an area of very low solar activity in the 1700's as well as a crater on the moon and the book that was published even has the preface written by Walter explaining how the vast majority was in fact Annie's work.
Chasing the Sun: The Woman forgotten by science
I think the title of the article is very telling and could perhaps be applied to many many others.