The Imperialism of the Philippines
Transcript of The Imperialism of the Philippines
Most popular language is Tagalog (Filipino), usually around the Manila area
"For God, People, Nature, and Country"
"Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa"
Most likely the motto because of Imperialism's effects on the country
Located in Southeast Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean
February 13, 1565, Miguel López de Legazpi's expedition created the first settlement of San Miguel on the Island of Cebu.
From there, they continued upwards to Manila and then permanently created a town
Had a lasting impact on the Philippines for the next three centuries, with Spain in power for a very long time.
The Philippines and Imperialism
Yo dawg, here is a list of soma dem primary sources:
"Cebu." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2012. Encyclopedia.com. 21 Feb. 2013 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
why did they imperialize it?
What did they get from it?
How did they treat the people there?
what forms of imperialism did they use?
Moen, John. "Map of the Philippines." World Atlas. Ed. Stephanie Downing-Cantwell. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2013. <http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/ph.htm>.
Moen, John. "Map of the Philippines." World Atlas. Ed.Stephanie Downing-Cantwell. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2013.
Republic of the Philippines
Second largest archipelago, with over 7,100 islands included in its territory
First people to arrive were Negritos, groups of Austronesians.
Hunter-gatherers until created sultanates, principalities, many small kingdoms.
Traded with countries such as China, India, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, and Indonesia, flourishing through the first millenium.
Balangay (Barangay) were independent nations ruled by Datu, along with the king's family, and sometimes with a council of elders.
Origins/The Philippines Before Imperialism
Events leading to Imperialism
Common Names of the Philippines
Philippine Coat of Arms
Reasons America Imperialized the Philippines
Treatment of the native population
What They Got
Forms of Imperialism used
Ideology (spread democracy and Christianity)
Has a tropical climate
Prone to earthquakes and monsoons
Considered a megadiverse country (One of 17 countries that are biologically diverse in plants and animals
The Filipino Revolution
The Beginnings of Revolution
At the start of the 19th century, Philippine society began to decline as more trade ports with other foreign nations opened.
More and more Spaniards came to the islands, secularizing more churches and took up government positions usually held by Spaniards born in the area.
This led to the 1872 Cavite Mutiny, a precursor to the Philippine Revolution.
After the Cavite Mutiny, three local priests were accused of sedition and were executed, leading to a propaganda movement in Spain to reform the Philippines.
Secret Societies? Oh my!
As these propaganda movements happened, they were met with a lot of military resistance from the Filipinos due to the creation of a secret society named the Katipunan.
It was originally created by Andres Bonifacio in 1892, and it sought independence through armed revolts.
As it was only created in 1892, Bonifacio and the Katipunan started the Filipino Revolution in 1896.
In 1898, Emilio Aguinaldo took over as leader of the Katipunan.
Aguinaldo declared Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898, just a month after the Battle for Manila Bay.
Image from: http://www.beda7882.com/Photos/Phil_History/Fil-American_War_Feb_04,1899.jpg
“I am in daily danger of giving my life for my country and duty,
- Jose Marti, Cuban Poet
What r u doin
While everyone was throwing parties in the Philippines due to their newly declared independence, America and Spain got down to business.
Due to Spain's loss, they had to find a way to make peace, leading to the Treaty of Paris, which gave America control over all of Spain's cool little territories, including the Philippines.
Quote from: The Treaty of Paris:
"Spain cedes to the United States the archipelago known as the Philippine Islands... The United States will pay to Spain the sum of twenty million dollars ($20,000,000) within three months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty."
"The existence of a foreign body within another endowed with strength and activity is contrary to all natural and ethical laws. Science teaches us that it is either assimilated, destroys the organism, is eliminated or becomes encysted."
Scarcely had they been attached to the Spanish crown than they had to sustain with their blood and the efforts of their sons the wars and ambitions of conquest of the Spanish people, and in these struggles, in that terrible crisis when a people changes its form of government, its laws, usages, customs, religion and beliefs the Philippines were depopulated, impoverished and retarded—caught in their metamorphosis, without confidence in their past, without faith in their present and with no fond hope for the years to come.
"The Phillipines, a Century Hence" 1912
After this treaty, it soon became clear that America would not recognize the Philippines as an independent country, and the treaty became the start of the Philippine-American War.
Quote from: President William McKinley:
Water Cure: the torture method of forcing a person to take in gallons of water in a short time until they talk or die.
"Hold a moment longer! Not quite yet, gentlemen! Before you go I would like to say just a word about the Philippine business.... The truth is I didn't want the Philippines, and when they came to us as a gift from the gods, I did not know what to do with them....
“We make everyone get into his house by seven p.m. ... If he refuses we shoot him. We killed over 300 natives the first night. They tried to set the town on fire. If they fire a shot from the house we burn the house down and every house near it, and shoot the natives, so they are pretty quiet in town now.”
-Corporal Sam Gillis
The Filipino's Failed Independence
The Philippine-American War lasted a very short time span before American control was accepted.
However, the Philippines were granted Commonwealth status in 1935, but plans were cut short with the arrival of World War II, and the Japanese invasion.
Today, the Philippines have shaped up and have their own independent country, with a democracy much like our own.
The Philippine population has raised quite a lot since WWII, and from 1990-2008 it increased by 28 million.
After winning the Spanish-American war in 1898, America gained :
Temporary control of Cuba
Makati, the country's financial center
Estimated 1.4 million Filipinos died from 1895-1900 (5 years)
Scorched Earth Campaigns where American troops burned entire villages to the ground.
Camps were overcrowded, unsanitary, and surrounded by "death zones" (free-fire zone for escapees)
Death rates in some camps = 20%
Several thousand died of illness and famine.
Shifted from stance against Spain to controlling by forcing the natives into "protected zones" (concentration camps)
Manipulated the media; forced soldiers to rewrite or deny letters about America's mass killing that got into the U.S. press.
Began to violently suppress the population claiming to be protecting them from the war.