Sensitive teeth to cold is a very common problem. According to the International Dental Journal, nearly 57 percent of adults between the ages of 20 to 50 report having sensitive teeth. The good news is that these types of conditions are easily reversible, and sufferers now have more choices to help alleviate the symptoms of sensitive teeth. Although many find relief from a special toothpaste, dental treatment is occasionally necessary.
Causes of Sensitive Teeth
According to the Singapore Ministry of Health (MOH) Health Hub site, tooth sensitivity can be caused by a number of factors. Most cold sensitivity occurs at or near the neck of the tooth or gum line. Often the part of the tooth that becomes sensitive is the dentine that is exposed due to the wearing of the outer protective layers of enamel and cementum. However, sensitivity could also result from a cavity, a lost or loose filling, or an exposed root surface. The majority of sufferers fall into the latter category.
How Roots Become ExposedYour teeth are covered by a layer of enamel, which the Singapore Dental Health Foundation (SDHF) classifies as the hardest, most mineralised tissue in the body. This enamel surface covers the part of the tooth above the gum line; however, the root, which doesn't have this hard protective enamel layer, can become exposed for various reasons. The root is covered by cementum, and beneath this layer, dentine. It is the microscopic dentinal tubules that transmit the temperatures of the foods that we eat straight to the nerve cells of the tooth. Suddenly, you can have teeth sensitive to cold. What causes the root exposure? The American Dental Association (ADA) identifies the following factors:
- Incorrect or aggressive tooth-brushing
- Gum recession and periodontal disease
Types of Treatment
The best treatment will depend on the severity of your sensitivity, as well as other elements. Your dentist or dental hygienist will evaluate your condition and suggest treatment options that are right for you. Whether they're for use at home or in the dental chair, these treatments could include one or a combination of the following:
- Toothpaste formulated for sensitive teeth
- In-office or home fluoride treatments
- Dietary changes
- Crowns or bonded fillings to cover the exposed area
- Gum grafting to cover the receding gum
- Root canal treatment
Fluoride is another tool to alleviate the symptoms of sensitive teeth. It can be dispensed in various ways, from a prescription-strength paste or varnish to OTC rinses. Fluoride works by strengthening the enamel and dentine, thus reducing sensitivity. These less invasive fluoride treatments should be combined with a good home care regimen that includes proper toothbrushing with a soft-bristle toothbrush. Proper nutrition is important too, because a diet that frequently includes acidic foods and drinks can contribute to or aggravate sensitivity.
More involved treatment includes dental work that restores and protects the exposed root or lost tooth structure. Your dentist will recommend the best treatment, and it may include referrals to other dental specialists.
Sensitive teeth to cold and other types of food are a very common problem. It can cause a subsequent fear of dental treatment and improper dietary choices, allowing many to suffer unnecessarily. Fortunately, with new research, prescriptions and OTC remedies, your sensitivity could be instantly alleviated. The first step is to schedule an appointment with your dental professional, who has the knowledge and the tools to assess and treat your individual need. Diminishing or eliminating sensitive teeth will have a positive effect on your oral and overall health.