SPHENOIDITIS [sphenoiditis; lat. (sinus) of sphenoisalis a wedge-shaped bosom + - itis] — an inflammation of a mucous membrane of a wedge-shaped bosom.
The page can be acute and chronic.
The acute sphenoiditis
the Acute sphenoiditis is usually connected with diseases of back cells of a trellised labyrinth (back bosoms of a sievebone, T.), arises at acute rhinitis, flu and others inf. diseases. Proceeds as a catarral or purulent inflammation. Along with acute rhinitis there is a headache which is localized in occipital area, is more rare in frontal, parietal or temporal. Frustration is observed sense of smell (see), temperature increases, the feeling of fatigue appears. At a rinoskopiya hypostasis and a hyperemia of a mucous membrane in the field of the upper nasal course and a mucopurulent discharge come to light, a cut flows down over an average nasal sink. At a back rinoskopiya pus is found in a nasopharynx (a nasal part of a throat, T.). In some cases at distribution of inflammatory process on surrounding fabrics (an eye-socket, a head cavity) signs of a septic s'ostoyaniye, intra orbital or intracranial complications can appear.
In diagnosis the X-ray analysis and a tomography of wedge-shaped bosoms and back cells of a trellised labyrinth in several projections, especially in axial have crucial importance.
Treatment is directed to reduction of puffiness and improvement of the outflow separated. For this purpose enter into the upper nasal course for 15 — 20 min. several times in day the strip of a gauze moistened in 5% solution of ephedrine. At complications an operative measure is shown.
The forecast is favorable, however acute S. can pass into chronic.
The chronic sphenoiditis
the Chronic sphenoiditis can proceed separately or with defeat of back cells of a trellised labyrinth.
Acute S.'s transition to chronic is connected with often repeating acute inflammations, especially under unfavorable conditions for outflow patol. a secret, and also defeat of bone walls of a wedge-shaped bosom at tuberculosis, syphilis or a tumor.
Main symptom hron. The page is the headache which is localized at a small pnevmatization of adnexal bosoms of a nose in parietal area, and at big sometimes extending to occipital area. Other important symptom hron. The page is a smell, to-ry the patient, but not people around since the aperture of a wedge-shaped bosom opens in olfactory area of a nose feels. Important sign hron. The page is running off separated through wedge-shaped and trellised deepening along a front wall of the main bosom on the arch of a nasopharynx and a back wall of a throat. Inflammatory process in a bosom sometimes causes considerable decrease in sight in connection with development of retrobulbar neuritis of optic nerves.
Treatment in most cases conservative. In the presence of indications (the long suppuration which is not giving in to conservative treatment, the progressing decrease in sight, intracranial complications) resort to opening of a wedge-shaped bosom through its front wall. At the same time previously delete an average nasal sink and back cells of a trellised labyrinth or back department of a nasal partition.
The forecast is less favorable, than at acute S., especially in cases of the accompanying damage of several adnexal bosoms of a nose. A radical operative measure in combination with other types of treatment not always leads to an absolute recovery.