homes: Not tin cans on wheels |
"In the case of a flood,
no structure will do well. But when Hurricane Floyd hit North Carolina, it was
much easier to reset displaced manufactured homes on their foundations, because
the houses were still intact. Site-built homes tend to fall apart when disengaged
from their foundations, whereas a factory-built home has to be strong enough to
be pulled down the road in one piece at 60 mph."
According to Wendy Rose, spokeswoman for the Florida-based
Institute for Building & Home Safety, newer manufactured homes did well in
Hurricane Charley last year.
"If there was an after-market
add-on, such as a porch or a carport that wasn't built to the same level of stability,"
she said, "it would peel off, but otherwise the home would be fine."
much for flimsy. Now, what about sex appeal? Over the past 30 years, says Savage,
design innovations have made factory-built homes virtually indistinguishable from
their site-built neighbors.
"There are two-story designs,
Cape Cod houses -- you name it," he says. "Tell us what you want, and
we can customize it. By the time it's set up on a concrete foundation, you can't
tell the difference from site-built."
That's one of the paradoxes
of the industry, says Steve Hullibarger, principal of The Home Team, a California-based,
manufactured-housing consultancy whose clients are builders, developers, nonprofits
and government agencies. Since most people can't spot a well-done manufactured
home -- only those done poorly -- old stereotypes are harder to break.
longer a bad investment
The good news, he says, is that a well-designed,
factory-built home on a concrete foundation will appreciate at the same rate as
the site-built homes around it. Hullibarger has kept track of the performance
of about 1,500 HUD-code, manufactured homes in urban locations in California over
the past 25 years.
For example, he says, a home in Silicon Valley
with a low-profile foundation and laminated "architectural grade" shingles,
appropriate to the area, originally sold for $133,500 in 1982; went for $158,000
in 1986; was sold again in 1988 for $279,000 and had appreciated to $490,000 by
its next resale in 1999.
Another home, in Sonoma
County, Calif., that had been enhanced with exterior columns, a wainscot of used
brick and an exterior fireplace, was bought from the infill developer for $77,900
in 1983; resold for $160,000 in 1989; went for $245,000 a year later in 1990 and
brought $336,000 in 2003.
market will pay a fair-market price for a house that looks like a house,"
he says. "If it looks like other houses on the street, it doesn't have to
be sold at some kind of a discount. It's been proven over and over again that
many homeowners have created wealth in this way."
says about a third of factory-built homes hold or increase their value over time.
"One of the most important factors,"
he says, "is whether the owner has long-term control of the land that
the house is sited on. The second-most important determinant is the performance
of the market and then appearance -- whether or not those looking at the house
see it as a trailer, rather than permanent housing with the look and feel of a