Little Red Riding Hood story emerged during the so far away that no one is affirming when. But it is the people and it folded. Thus, the "Red Riding Hood" first national epic. In any case, the first mention of the story about the girl went to visit her grandmother and met a wolf on the road, was recorded in the Tyrol, and the foothills of the Alps — where it was known at least since the XIV century.
She told all over Europe — and in the homes of the common people, and in the castles of the nobility. Actually, it was a lot of history: in the north of Italy granddaughter grandmother carrying fresh fish, in Switzerland — the head of a young cheese, in the south of France — cake and a pot of oil, and in some cases turned out to be the winner of the wolf, in others — a girl.
And in 1697, one in Paris Charles Perrault publishes first literary version of this old folk tale in Paris — in the book "Tales of Mother Goose me, or stories and tales of the old days with the teachings", dedicated to the French princess of the royal house.
Perrault took the basis for one of the options, along a nameless girl in a bonnet, "companion" of crimson velvet, and gave the name — the Red Riding Hood. I must say that in France the XVII-XVIII centuries, when the social differences in clothing were strictly regulated, such headgear worn only aristocrats and women
the middle class. Simple village girl, who looked simply calling in a velvet cap color, and even — in spite of the Instructions mother — to enter into a conversation with a stranger, obviously knew a lot about yourself. Therefore, in the final of the wolf taught a harsh lesson to all the young ladies windy: he "pounced on Little Red Riding Hood and swallowed it."
Gallant was crowned by "sweet trifle" (as he called his tale) moral:
Little kids, not without reason
(And so especially young girls, the beauty and mischievous child)
In every way of meeting men
You can not listen to the speeches of treacherous —
Otherwise, they can eat a wolf …
The popularity of the book Perrault was awesome, although the 69-year-old author, a prominent royal official and member of the French Academy, the fear of ridicule, initially decided not to put your own name on the book, so the first "Tales of Mother Goose" came out and signed the 11-year-old son of writer — D'Armankura.
But for the moment, Perrault and look a little forward in the year 1812, when the German philologists Kassel brothers Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm presented their version of "Little Red Riding Hood", combining oral histories, fairy tale by Charles Perrault and the poetic play "The Life and Death of the Red hats, "written in 1800 by the German Romantic writer Ludwig teak (teak is introduced istoriyuohotnika, who saves the girl and her grandmother from the belly of the wolf.)
2. Did you know that …
Brothers Grimm fairly brutal in the story of Little Red Riding Hood:
— My grandmother did not live hats in another village, and in the forest.
— Riding Hood's grandmother is a cake and a bottle of wine (!)
— Red Riding Hood's mother before her release strictly admonishes her: "Go modestly, as expected, in the direction of the road do not turn, and then, God forbid, you fall down and the bottle will break, then the grandmother did not get it. And as you come to it in
room, do not forget to say hello to her, and not that I was first in every corner there but look here. "
— Wolf said reproachfully girl that she is, "as if in a hurry to school," offers "fun in the woods" (!)
— Having eaten the grandmother, the wolf is not just lies in her bed, and a pre wears a dress and bonnet (that's you do not like?).
— When he saw the wolf, the hunter takes scissors (!) And cut open the belly sleeping.
— When my grandmother and hat are on the loose, the hunter fills the wolf's belly with large stones. Waking up, Wolf Wants
away, but the heavy stones pulled down and he falls down dead.
Well ka tell me — do you remember those nuances of the "Red Riding Hood"? Personally, I do not.
But this is not the end of the "good" stories …
After each of the winners received their reward: a hunter brings home taken from the skin of a wolf, a grandmother, eating cake and drinking wine, getting better, and Little Red Riding Hood learns a life lesson: "Oh, from now on I'll never turn off the main road, one with no permission of the parent. " After all this, the girl in the forest meets another wolf (!), And this meeting proves fatal for him: Little Red Riding Hood and her grandmother without help drown silly villain in a tub (!).
But the story of the second wolf in the twentieth century had been forgotten, he mentioned not all modern editions of the Brothers Grimm. In essence, this is a sequel, the story of a different girl — more experienced, correct, learn the lesson, "the previous series."
At first publication of this tale is quite a success in "the masses", but after revisions Brothers Grimm fairy tale, it sold for "cheers". Tale became talk of the town, and many began to look into it and hidden podsmysly secondary.
And because the tales of the Brothers Grimm came a year of victory over Napoleon in 1812, and going at a time when the land was under French Rhine fifth, some researchers in the wolf saw the French "intruder" in Little Red Riding Hood — suffering German people, and in Hunter — expected selfless liberator. A century later, the ideologues of the Third Reich, who declared, "Children's and Household Tales" Grimm's holy book (!), In all seriousness, wrote that the Red Riding Hood embodies the German people, the Jews persecuted the wolf (!).
Grimm themselves, deeply religious people who have seen Red Riding Hood in a single symbol of rebirth — toe into darkness and transformation. In a hundred years to develop this idea Christian researchers announced the Red Hat personification of human passions: pride, greed and hidden lust. In Wolf, the same passion embodied clearly and definitely. Only freed from the wolf's belly, as if reborn, she transformed.
Neomifologi argued that the tale reflects the change of nature: living in a cabin in the woods "on three large oak trees," the grandmother — the mother nature, Little Red Riding Hood — the sun, the wolf — winter, and the hunter — a new year.
Neopagans considered the most positive character tale wolf. Color red headdress girls seemed to them the embodiment of danger, and his grandmother, who lives in the woods, to evoke images of Baba-Yaga and ancient Germanic goddess of death (by the way, cakes and wine were the usual sacrifice the dead and other representatives of the underworld in all Indo-Europeans). So the wolf seemed to them something of a hero ancestor, who was trying to free the world from death and fallen victim to an unequal struggle.
Another interesting thing about the wolf …
Initially, in the oral tradition of the fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood Wolf was not just a beast, and a werewolf (!) (From here — his ability to speak with a human voice and successful attempts to masquerade as a grandmother).
On the contrary people XIX century saw the pure image of Little Red Riding Hood.
A twentieth century made of the Red Cap brand and diagnosis. Thus, in the 30 years the student supporters of Freud Erich Fromm said that Red Riding Hood — fully matured girl and her hat — a symbol of physiological maturity. Prevention of mother not to turn off the road and watch out for broken bottle is a warning against casual sex and loss of virginity. The main characters of fairy tales — three generations of women. The wolf, which embodies the masculine — is "ruthless and cunning animal," the hunter — conventional image of the father of the Red Riding Hood. Overall, the story tells of the triumph of the female half of humanity over the male and returns the reader to matriarchy. (!)
In the 60s, during the heyday of the sexual revolution and feminism, researchers began to say that swallowing — this is rape. In this case, the girl herself (!) Provokes wolf proactive: wears a bright hat, speaks to a stranger having fun in the woods … At the same time, the wolf is a transvestite (cross-dressing grandmother) and secretly envied the ability of women to pregnancy. That's why he eats the grandmother and granddaughter entirely, attempting to put living things in his stomach. After killing the wolf stones — symbols of sterility, which is a mockery of the desire to play in the woman in childbirth …
4. Folk story.
One mother told her little daughter carry the grandmother of bread and milk.
In the forest, the wolf came up to the girl and asked where she was going.
— To my grandmother — she replied.
— And on what path you go — on the one with needles, or one that thorny?
— On the one with the needles.
Then the wolf ran down the path with thorns and first got to my grandmother's house. He killed his grandmother, decant the bottle of her blood, and his body was cut into pieces and spread them on a platter. Then he put on his grandmother's nightgown and climbed into bed to wait.
— Come on, honey.
— Hi, Grandma. I brought you bread and milk.
— Eat itself, honey. In the pantry is the meat and wine.
While the girl was eating meat, the cat hissed at her and said:
— Do not eat the flesh of his grandmother!
Wolf threw a cat in a shoe, but missed. When the girl started to drink 'wine' and complained that it was too salty, the cat hissed and screamed even louder:
— Stop drinking the blood of his grandmother!
The second shoe (and they were great size and carved wood), abandoned wolf got into the cat and killed it.
After that, the wolf said:
— Take off your clothes and lie down next to me.
— And where do I put an apron?
— Throw it in the fire, he'll no longer be needed.
The girl asked the same question of all his clothes of: the skirt, blouse, petticoat and stockings — a wolf each time answered
— Throw in a fire, you will not need.
When the girl got into the bed, she said:
— Oh, grandmother, what you're hairy!
— It make me feel warm, my child.
— Oh, grandmother, what you have broad shoulders!
— This is to make it easier to carry firewood, my child!
— Oh, grandmother, what you have long nails!
— This is to make it easier to scratch my child!
— Oh, grandmother, what big teeth you have!
— This is somewhat quicker to eat you, my child!
And he took it and ate it.
Thus ends the majority of the recorded versions, although some girl through cunning escapes from the wolf.