Transcript of Nonverbal Messages
Communication Eye Communication Occulesis The messages communicated by our eyes vary depending on: duration direction quality of the eye behavior Silence Function of Silence The Spiral of Silence Culture and Silence 1. To provide time to think 2. To hurt 3. To respond to personal anxiety 4. To prevent communications 5. To communicate emotions 6. To achieve specific effects 7. To say nothing Assume that:
Minority In the United States In Japan In Apache (Arizona, U.S.) Spatial Message and Territorial Proxemic Distances Territoriality Intimate Personal Social Public 0 to 6 inches- close phase
6 to 18 inches- far phase 18 inches to 4 feet 4 feet to 12 feet 12 feet to more than 25 feet Primary or
Home Territory Secondary
Territory Markers Territorial Encroachment Central Boundary Ear Use territories to
signal their status Ways of resisting the
on your territory Withdrawal Turf Defense Insulation Linguistic
Collusion Function of eye contact -to monitor feedback
-to secure attention
-to regulate the conversation
-to signal the nature of the relationship
-to signal status and to compensate for physical distance Eye Avoidance allow other to maintain their privacy signal lack of interest close eyes to block out visual stimuli and heighten our other senses Pupil dilation dilated pupils are judged more attractive that constricted ones Pupil size reveals interest and level of emotional arousal Touch Communication Touch varies with your relationship stage Meanings of touch positive emotions
task-related Touch avoidance related to communication apprehension, or fear or anxiety about communicating Paralanguage vocal but nonverbal dimension of speech
– the manner of speaking Different aspect of paralanguage Stress
rate and volume
pitch Form impressions based on paralanguage Rate of speech Faster speech rate found to be more persuasive and can increase listeners’ perceptions of speaker competence and dominance Ideal speech rate varies in different culture Artifactual
Communication How do you communicate with artifacts? An integral part of the non-verbal package.
It includes the use of personal adornments such as clothing, jewellery, makeup, hairstyles and beards.
People are apt to make inferences about us based in the way we dress Space decoration -influences perceptions of energy, time, status, and personal characteristics. Colors communicate -different meanings depending on the culture. Red – China ( used for festival and joyous occasions), African ( Death), Japan ( anger and danger)
Green – U.S ( capitalism), Japan ( youth and energy)
White- Thailand ( purity), Japan ( death)
Yellow – China (wealth), Egypt ( happiness and prosperity) Scents
Communicate messages of attraction, taste, memory, and identification. Temporal Communication What are the different time orientations and how do these influence behavior? Formal time = manner in which a culture defines time ( more accurate) = seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years Informal time = forever, immediately, soon, as soon as possible= create problems Monochronism Does one thing at a time
Time is very serious
Job tends to be more important than family
Privacy is extremely important Polychronism does several things at a time
time is important but not sacred
family and interpersonal relationships are more important than work
actively involved with others The social clock A time schedule for the right time to do various important things Clothing and body adornment
-serve especially as cultural display and communicate messages about status and social thinking. ( dress code) Plays a huge role in Kinesics (study of communication through body movements) 5 types of body movements
Adaptors 1. Emblems Substitutes for words Body movements that have specific translations- eg peace sign Arbitrary - Based on random choice or personal whim 2. Illustrators Accompany and literally illustrate verbal messages. Makes your communication more picture like which helps to keep your listener’s attention Clarifies and intensify your verbal messages. Eg. Pointing upwards when you say let’s go up. Helps the listener to remember better. 3. Affect Display Movements of the Face which convey emotional meaning (Your expressions) Expressions that give you away when you try to present a false image. Can be Unintentional – when they give you away Can be Intentional – when you want to show anger, love or surprise 5. Adaptors -Satisfy some kind of need and usually occur without conscious awareness. i. Self adaptors
Satisfy physical need, generally to make you more comfortable. Eg Scracthing your head to relieve an itch ii. Alter-adaptors
Body movements in response to your current interactions. Eg crossing arms when someone unpleasant approaches you. iii. Object – adaptors
Movements that involve manipulation of some object. – usually it’s a sign of a negative feeling. Eg. Chewing on a pencil or clicking a ballpoint pen. Gestures and Culture Body communicates even without movements Your Height, Weight, Skin color, Hair color … gives away some of your personality and your race You even choose your friends, romantic partner on basis of these Some appearance gives you advantage over others….. Don’t Judge a Book by it’s Cover Your face communicates all the time.
8 basic Emotions- happiness, surprise, fear, anger, sadness, disgust, contempt and interest
Some emotions are easy to communicate and decode than others
Same facial expressions can be interpreted differently by different people depending on the context it occurs Facial Management The different ways you communicate feelings
Facial management techniques help you display emotions in socially acceptable ways.
There are five different type of facial management techniques and if u violate these rules you will be judged as insensitive Facial management techniques Intensify :- as when you exaggerate surprise when friends throw you a party to make your friends feel better?
Deintensify:- as when you cover up your own joy in the presence of a friend who didn’t receive such good news?
Neutralize:- as when you cover up your sadness to keep from depressing others?
Mask:- as when you express happiness in order to cover up your disappointment at not receiving the gift that you expected?
Simulate:- as when you express an emotion you don’t feel? Facial feedback Facial feedback hypothesis holds that your facial expressions influence your physiological arousal. Eg. Mimicking sad expressions like holding a pen in your teeth or facing down actually increase the degree of sadness.