Economical efficiency reveals the quality of economical processes in agricultural unities to produce positive financial effects with a minimum effort. In cereal production the efficiency is influenced by a number of factors, which act together and between them there is interdependence. We have used the stochastic frontier analysis for calculating the economical efficiency of producing the cereal cultures in the Republic of Moldova. Methodologically speaking, it is important to compare the traditional indicators used to evaluate the efficiency in agriculture (profitableness, unitary cost of production) with the parameters that result from the stochastic frontier analysis. Considering the market economy, the main objective of the economic agents is to use with a maximum of efficiency the factors they have for raising income and profit. The suggested method of evaluation the efficiency of cereal cultures allows appreciating how much each of the analyzed factors influence the size of the output indicator and how much they are linked one to each other.