Tag: Miguel Covarrubias
Whether or not you could afford a new car in Depression-era New York, you could afford to take your mind off the hard times for a few hours and visit the annual National Automobile Show at Grand Central Palace.
Jan. 16, 1932 cover by S. Liam Dunne.
The 1932 exhibition featured many familiar brands, and others that would not survive the decade. Bolstered in part by the largess of General Motors and its downscale LaSalles, Cadillac could offer a pricey edition of the Fleetwood (at $5,542, roughly equivalent to $100K today), but most car makers featured models with reduced prices and/or smaller engines, as well as new technologies and design features they hoped would attract buyers of modest means. Excerpts from the New Yorker's "Motors" column:
CAN'T TOUCH THIS…The Cadillac V16 Fleetwood sat atop the American car world in 1932. (classicdriver.com)
LOOK, BUT DON'T BUY…The New Yorker noted the crowds gathered around the Studebaker –produced "Rockne" at the National Automobile Show. Named for the famed Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne (who died in a 1931 plane crash), this 1932 model attracted plenty of gawkers at the show but few buyers. It was soon discontinued, and leftover Rocknes were disassembled and sent to Norway, where they were reassembled and sold to Scandinavian buyers. (conceptcarz.com)
DOUBLE VISION…The 1932 Oakland Roadster (left) marked the end of the Oakland Motorcar Company, which had been previously acquired by General Motors. That same year Oakland was reborn as the Pontiac division, and the Oakland Roadster was reimagined as the 1932 Pontiac Model 302 (right). (Hemmings/justamericanautomobiles.com)
PALACE OF DREAMS…Grand Central Palace (top right) sat at Lexington Ave. between 46th and 47th Streets. A favorite locale for manufacturers to display their latest wares, it was demolished in 1963; at left, images from the 1935 National Automobile Show; bottom right, 1932 copy of The Wheel, produced by Studebaker for distribution at auto shows. (freelibrary.org/chicagology.com)
Whether folks were able to shell out more than $5,000 for a Caddy or a mere $700 for Plymouth, many left the show with nothing more than dreams for better days. Howard Brubaker summed it up thusly in his "Of All Things" column:
Darling Lily
Coloratura soprano Lily Pons (1898 – 1976) was not well-known in her native France when she took the Metropolitan Opera stage by storm in 1931 — she would become the Met's principal soprano and, in 1940, an American citizen. The singer was profiled by Janet Flanner in the Jan. 16 issue (caricature by Miguel Covarrubias). Excerpts:
FRENCH TOAST OF THE TOWN…Coloratura soprano Lily Pons was particularly associated with the title roles of Lakmé (pictured above, mid-1930s), and Lucia di Lammermoor. Pons was a principal soprano at New York's Metropolitan Opera for 30 years, appearing 300 times from 1931 until 1960. (Pinterest/YouTube)
If you have a few minutes, check out Lily Pon's 1935 performance of "The Bell Song" from the film I Dream Too Much, which co-starred Henry Fonda. Although the sound quality is not the greatest, you can still get a pretty good idea why Met audiences adored her.
Fantasy Bridge
Satirist Ring Lardner found something rotten in the behavior of robber barons and politicians in the midst of the Depression, so he imagined a bridge game that brought together banker J.P. Morgan (Jr), John D. Rockefeller (then the richest person in America and perhaps the world), Sen. Reed Smoot of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act (a catalyst for the Depression), and social worker Jane Addams. Excerpts:
DEAL ME OUT…Ring Lardner addressed the wages of greed through a fantasy bridge game. (Dallas Morning News)
If you were one of J.P. Morgan's bankers, you might have considered hopping on a United flight instead of taking the train — within 20 years, airlines would make a serious dent into railroad's corporate travel business…
…and if you were a successful banker, your daughter or granddaughter might have been an aspiring deb with some very specific needs…
…the Little King also had some specific fashion needs, as Otto Soglow brings us to the cartoon section…
…with the Auto Show in town, Helen Hokinson got her girls into the conversation…
…the "wizard control" they refer to was Buick's gimmick to attract more women drivers to their product…here's an ad from the Feb. 6 issue of the New Yorker:
…back to our cartoons with James Thurber, and the "war" that continued to brew between men and women (note artwork on the wall)…
…Al Freuh offered his perspective on meagre predictions for prosperity…
…as did one of William Steig's precocious children…
…and Helen again with another privileged view of the downtrodden…
…Barbara Shermund showed us one woman's interpretation of "belonging"…
…and Denys Wortman gave us one salesman who probably dreamed of some solitary drinking…
…on to our Jan. 23, 1932 issue…
Jan. 23, 1932 cover by Rea Irvin.
…and this item in "The Talk of the Town," which noted the challenges of publishing a book about Adolf Hitler…
…and a few pages later, we are treated to an E.B. White "song" written for delegates to the Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments which was being convened in Geneva, Switzerland…
Delegates from sixty countries attended the Geneva conference. They were there to consider the German demand that other nations disarm to the same levels that had been imposed on them by the Treaty of Versailles. The conference deadlocked by the summer, and when it was reconvened in February 1933 Hitler had just assumed power in Germany. By fall 1933 Germany withdrew from both the Disarmament Conference and the League of Nations, and the stage was set for another world war.
Here is a 1933 photo of the delegates to the Disarmament Conference before things went south:
(wdl.org)
A detail of the photo (below) reveals the identity of the tiny man seated at center: the representative from Germany — Minister of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda Joseph Goebbels. Just twelve years hence Goebbels would find himself trapped with Hitler and Eva Braun in a Berlin bunker as Soviet troops demolished the city above them. Goebbels and his wife, Magda, would poison their six children, and then themselves as the Third Reich crumbled to ashes.
A final note: The delegates weren't alone in Geneva, as a number of peace organizations sent observers and demonstrators to the conference, many of them women:
APPEALS TO DEAF EARS…Women's disarmament campaigner in Geneva, c.1932; right, a poster created by Dutch artist Giele Roelofs for the Northern Friends Peace Board and others. (London School of Economics/armingallsides.org.uk)
We'll give the last word to Howard Brubaker in Jan. 30 "Of All Things" column:
With the National Automobile Show wrapping up, the Grand Central Palace prepared to welcome exhibitors for the annual Motor Boat Show…
…the woman in this next ad might have been better off in a boat than on the beach…I'm wondering if the artist had any idea that his or her illustration would be used to promote coffee…it's hard to tell what is going on here…apparently a young woman has almost drowned and is receiving oxygen, or maybe she doesn't really need it, and the perverted lifeguard and cop just want to ogle the poor beachgoer, who seems bored by the whole predicament…
…there is also something vaguely sexual going on in this ad for Vicks (what is he looking out for in panel four?)…the artist (the cartoon is signed "Len") seems to be channeling one of Rea Irvin's series cartoons…
…in the early 20th century it was fashionable to smoke imported luxury Egyptian cigarettes, or counterfeits like Ramses II, produced in the U.S. by the Stephano Brothers…
…the makers of Camel were among the most successful counterfeiters of Egyptian cigarettes — the camel, pyramids and palm tree motifs were no mistake, but by 1932 this established brand (launched in 1913) went less for snob appeal and more for the active, fresh-faced youths whose pink lungs were highly coveted by R.J. Reynolds…
…on to our cartoons, we begin with James Thurber and some more sexual tension…
…Garrett Price found a young hostess eager to to please…
…Perry Barlow introduced us to a young man who (almost) never forgets a face…
…William Crawford Galbraith dined with the uppers, not necessarily known for their literary sophistication…
…Barbara Shermund gave us a proud collector who managed to evade the Puritans in U.S. Customs…
…William Steig showed us pride of a different sort…
…and another by Steig displayed the antics of one of his "Small Fry"…
…and we end with Helen Hokinson, who found a local women's club joining the debate raging far away at the Disarmament Conference in Geneva…
Next Time: Back in the USSR…
Posted on February 25, 2021 February 25, 2021 Categories advertising, arts, automobiles, celebrities, Design, fashion, Great Depression, music, New Yorker cartoons, politics, The New Yorker MagazineTags 1930s cigarette ads, 1932 automobiles, 1932 Disarmament Conference, Adolph Hitler, Al Frueh, Barbara Shermund, Camel cigarettes, Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments, Denys Wortman, E.B. White, Garrett Price, Giele Roelofs, Grand Central Palace, Helen Hokinson, James Thurber, Joseph Goebbels, Lily Pons, Metropolitan Opera, Miguel Covarrubias, National Automobile Show 1932, Otto Soglow, Perry Barlow, Rea Irvin, Ring Lardner, S. Liam Dunne, Studebaker Rockne, William Crawford Galbraith, William Steig1 Comment on Dream Cars
The Lion Roars
It's easy to get into the weeds while digging through the New Yorker archives, as it is filled with a richly interconnected cast of characters whose lives and work still resonate with us today.
March 15, 1930 cover by Rose Silver. (Please see note on this artist at the end of this blog entry)
A case in point is Bert Lahr (1895-1967), who at age 15 dropped out of high school and joined the vaudeville circuit, working his way up to top billing in Broadway musical comedies including 1930's Flying High, which received an enthusiastic welcome from New Yorker critic Charles Brackett…
…Brackett enjoyed the "feminine beauty" offered by a George White chorus that included the "Gale Quadruplets," described in the Playbill as "The only Quadruplets in the world appearing on the stage"…
…although in fact the Gale Quadruplets were actually two sets of twins: June and Jane, and Jean and Joan (real names were Doris, Lenore, Helen and Lorraine Gilmartin). But I digress.
What really caught Brackett's eye were the antics of Bert Lahr:
ONLY ONE BERT…Clockwise, from top left, publicity photo of Bert Lahr from the 1931 film version of Flying High; cover of the Apollo Theatre Playbill; the Gale Quadruplets, circa 1930; Lahr as the Cowardly Lion in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. (Everett/Playbill/Pinterest/Wikiwand)
The Gale Quadruplets are long forgotten, but the work of Bert Lahr still lives on thanks to his role as the Cowardly Lion in The Wizard of Oz (a film, incidentally, that was panned in 1939 by New Yorker critic Russell Maloney, who called it "a stinkeroo" that showed "no trace of imagination, good taste, or ingenuity").
Lahr also connects us to today's New Yorker magazine, where his son, John Lahr, has been a staff writer and critic since 1992. Lahr has written a number of stage adaptions (he won a Tony award in 2002, the first drama critic to do so) as well as nearly twenty books, including a 2017 biography of his father, Notes on a Cowardly Lion: The Biography of Bert Lahr.
DRAMATIC DUO…John Lahr with his father, Bert, backstage at the Belasco Theatre in the late 1940s; John Lahr today. (NY Times/Amazon)
We remain on Broadway with another writer who was deeply connected to the New Yorker's origins. Marc Connelly (1890-1980) was a playwright, director, producer and performer who collaborated with George S. Kaufman on five Broadway comedies in the 1920s. Connelly was also a founding member of the Algonquin Round Table, around which orbited a number of writers, critics and assorted wits who would help bring the New Yorker to life in 1925. Connelly was listed as an advisory editor on the masthead of the very first issue:
Connelly's play, The Green Pastures (based on stories from the Old Testament), had just opened on Broadway, drawing much acclaim for both Connelly and actor Richard B. Harrison (1864-1935). "The Talk of the Town" looked in on the playwright and the actor:
DID YOU HEAR SOMETHING?...Richard B. Harrison (left) and unidentified actor in 1930's The Green Pastures. At right, Wesley Hill as the Angel Gabriel. (blackarchives.org/ngv.vic.gov.au)
FINAL BOW…Richard B. Harrison in a 1930 publicity photo for the Broadway play, The Green Pastures. At right, Harrison on the cover of the March 4, 1935, Time magazine. He died of heart failure ten days after appearing on the cover. (Henrietta Alice Metcalf Collection/Time)
Connelly would receive the 1930 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for The Green Pastures. And nearly 60 years later he would be featured in a 1987 documentary about the Algonquin Round Table (The Ten-Year Lunch) as the Table's last survivor. It would win an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. During his long career Connelly would act in 21 movies, including the 1960 romantic comedy Tall Story with Jane Fonda and Anthony Perkins. He also did some TV, included a stint from 1962 to 1964 as Judge Rampell in The Defenders.
HE COULD ACT TOO…Clockwise, from top left, Marc Connelly in a 1937 photo by Carl Van Vechten; a page from the Playbill for The Green Pastures; college student June Ryder (Jane Fonda) collides on campus with Professor Charles Osmond (Marc Connelly) in the 1960 romantic comedy Tall Story. (Wikipedia/Playbill/ridesabike.com)
Also in the "Talk of the Town" section of the March 15 issue was James Thurber's latest installment of pet advice:
Lipstick's Lamentations
Once the place to read about wild speakeasies and other nighttime diversions of the Roaring Twenties, Lois Long's "Tables for Two" column had quickly become anachronistic in the Depression years. Although the decade was still young, Long reminisced about her column's "golden days" as if they had existed in some distant time, and lamented the state of the speakeasy; once a place for cheap and sordid frivolity, it had become staid and even snobbish…
THAT WAS THEN…Lois Long lamented the state of the speakeasy in 1930. Once sordid and given to frivolity, it had become a rather staid institution. (prohibition.themobmuseum.org/Time-Life)
…and Long described some of these new upscale speakeasies, where the oilcloth had been replaced with fine linen…
Ozark Oeuvre
New Yorker art critic Murdock Pemberton, in his ongoing search for America's best artists, took another look at that once "uncouth native" from the Ozarks, Thomas Hart Benton…
PAINTING FROM THE SOIL…Cattle Loading, oil on canvas, by Thomas Hart Benton, 1930. It was one of the works viewed by critic Murdock Pemberton at the Delphic Studios in New York. (wahooart.com)
We start off with a couple of two-page ads, the first featuring caricatures of George Gershwin and Alexander Woollcott as rendered by the great Miguel Covarrubias…
…and then we have this ad from the makers of Lux Toilet Soap, who must have had a bottomless advertising budget given all the splashy ads and celebrity endorsements…
…in the ads we also find clashes between the old and new…the new being this art deco-styled appeal for the newest form of transportation…
…and the old, the makers of the luxury car Pierce-Arrow, still harking back to its patrician origins ("The Tyranny of Tradition")…the firm would not survive the lean years of the 1930s…
…and once again a colorful ad from Church using snob appeal to sell something as pedestrian as a toilet seat…"Toilet Seats For Better Bathrooms"…
…on to our cartoons, we have a voyeur's perspective courtesy Helen Hokinson…
…an exploration of the generation gap by Alice Harvey…
…and this terrifically quaint encounter, rendered by Perry Barlow…
…and before we go, a note about this week's cover artist, Lisa Rhana, a.k.a. Rose Silver (1902-1985) who illustrated several New Yorker covers in the 1920s and early 30s. Her work is included in the permanent collections at the Whitney Museum, the Museum of the City of New York, and The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which holds this watercolor (left) that graced the cover of the Jan. 30, 1932 issue:
Next Time: Garbo Speaks…
Posted on March 22, 2019 Categories advertising, air travel, automobiles, Broadway, celebrities, Great Depression, New Yorker cartoons, The New Yorker Magazine, TheatreTags 1930s advertising, 1930s New York, Algonquin Round Table, Alice Harvey, Bert Lahr, Broadway, Charles Brackett, Flying High 1930, Gale Quadruplets, Helen Hokinson, James Thurber, John Lahr, Lisa Rhana, Lois Long, Marc Connelly, Miguel Covarrubias, Murdock Pemberton, Perry Barlow, Richard B. Harrison, Rose Silver, speakeasies, The Green Pastures, The New Yorker, Thomas Hart BentonLeave a comment on The Lion Roars
Prelude to a Crash
Although two months remained in the decade, the New Yorker of the Roaring Twenties effectively ended with this issue, just days before a massive market crash sent the nation spiraling into the Great Depression.
Oct. 26, 1929 cover by Theodore Haupt. Wonderful rendering of The New York Central Building, with shades of Georgia O'Keeffe.
Not a soul at the New Yorker had an inkling of the bleakness that lay ahead — rampant unemployment, the rise of the Nazi party, the Dust Bowl, Busby Berkeley musicals…
E.B. White, in "Notes & Comment," was concerned with little more than the changing countryside…
MADE YOU LOOK…Examples of roadside vernacular architecture from the 1920s included the Airplane Cafe in in the San Fernando Valley (1924) and a 1927 Wadham's gas station in West Allis, Illinois, now on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. More than 100 of Wadham's "pagodas" were built, but like much of roadside America, few examples remain. At top, right, a 1920s billboard advertising Moxie soft drinks. (last1onthebus.com/Pinterest/Wikipedia)
THE DUCK STOPS HERE…The Big Duck in Flanders, New York, was built in 1930-31 by Long Island duck farmer Martin Maurer to sell duck and duck eggs to passing motorists. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. (Google Maps)
…and further on in "The Talk of the Town," White shared these observations regarding the popularity of shirts worn by French actor Maurice Chevalier…
THAT'S SHA-VAHL-YEY…Claudette Colbert and Maurice Chevalier in 1930's The Big Pond. (IMDB)
The book review featured an autobiography, Born to Be, written by Taylor Gordon (1893-1971), a famed singer of the Harlem Renaissance, that traced his life journey from Montana to New York. The book included 10 full-page illustrations by Mexican artist Miguel Covarrubias, and forwards by Carl Van Vechten and Muriel Draper.
COMBINED TALENTS come together in Taylor Gordon's Born to Be: Mexican painter, caricaturist, and illustrator Miguel Covarrubias (left, in a 1920s photo by Nickolas Muray) and Harlem Renaissance singer Gordon (center, in a photo by Carl Van Vechten, who is pictured in a self-portrait at right). (Pinterest/minormoderns.blogspot.com/Wikipedia)
FROM MONTANA TO HARLEM…First edition of Taylor Gordon's Born to Be, and illustrations from the book by Miguel Covarrubias (including cover image). The image at bottom left features patron of the Harlem Renaissance Carl Van Vechten, with Gordon. (qbbooks.com/klinebooks.com/Pinterest)
Little Narcissus
Although today she is known mostly as Errol Flynn's first wife, the tempestuous French actress Lily Damita (1904-1994) knew how to light up New York and get noticed in Hollywood when she made her American debut in 1929. Henry F. Pringle looked in on Damita's daily life in the Oct. 26 "Profile." A brief excerpt:
Lily Damita in a 1931 publicity photo. (Flickr)
DEBUT FILM…Lily Damita and Ronald Coleman in 1929's The Rescue, Damita's first Hollywood film. (Dr. Macro)
A Master Achievement
Architecture critic George Chappell gazed upward in admiration for the new Master Building on Riverside Drive. It was one of the city's first mixed-use structures and the first New York skyscraper to feature corner windows. The apartment building originally housed a museum, a school of the fine and performing arts, and an international art center on its first three floors. The building fell into decline in the late 1960s, but today it thrives as a housing co-operative. The Master was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.
…on to our advertisements, we find another art deco landmark, the 1930 Squibb building, designed Ely Jacques Kahn…
The Squibb Building at 745 5th Avenue, circa 1930. (Museum of the City of New York)
…Halloween was just around the corner (yes, I'm running a bit behind!) and although it wasn't a huge holiday as it is today, its presence still permeated the pages of the New Yorker, including a humorous piece by John O'Hara on the challenges of planning a Halloween party…
From left, excerpt from John O'Hara's piece; an ad from Doubleday featuring a jack-o-lantern; an ad from Breyer's ice cream that employed the older spelling of the holiday; at bottom, a filler illustration by Julian De Miskey.
…the makers of Marmon autos offered this lovely autumn scene…
…here is an unusual ad from a milliner named Mercedes who bid adieu to former clients in this hand-written, full-page entry…
…the name Michael Arlen no doubt caught many a reader's eye in the Oct. 26 issue. The comings-and-goings of this hugely popular author of thrillers such as The Green Hat (1924) provided much-needed fodder for readers of the first issues of the fledging New Yorker. In this ad, Arlen's wife, the Countess Atalanta Mercati, shills for Cutex nail polish…
The Countess Atalanta Mercati of Greece and author Michael Arlen were married in France in 1928. (Conde Nast/insiderguide.me)
…and we have more of the torch singer Helen Morgan, this time in an ad for Lux Toilet Soap…
…a couple of back page ads…the now ubiquitous metal folding table (and chairs) was something of a novelty in 1929…the ad on the right from Brunswick Records offers up the latest schmaltz from Al Jolson (I know it's 1929, but come on Al, really?)…
…and since this is the last edition before the big market crash, here's a collection of images clipped from various ads in the Oct. 26 issue…featuring high-living folks who should appear a bit less smug after they lose their mink coats and boiled shirts to the Depression…
Clockwise, top left, a sampling of illustrations from ads in the Oct. 26 issue: there seemed to be no item too mundane for the posh treatment—an illustration that graced an ad from Frigidaire; superior airs displayed on behalf of the Drake apartments, and below, also on behalf of (sniff) Gotham Gold Stripe stockings; "Arabella" surveys two of her hapless conquests as she descends the stair in an illustration for a Marie Earle salon ad; and an appeal to the city's rampant Anglophilia from De Pinna of Fifth Avenue.
…on to our comics, Garner Rea demonstrated his mastery of space in this full-page entry…
…Alice Harvey eavesdropped on the chit-chat of some toffs at dinner…
…and Alice Harvey again in this sparer illustration of a spoiler at the opera…
…Peter Arno illustrated unexpected intimacy on a commuter train…
…and from John Reynolds, with a sign of things to come…
Next Time: An Inconvenient Truth…
Posted on November 9, 2018 November 9, 2018 Categories advertising, architecture & buildings, automobiles, celebrities, cinema, Jazz Age, music, New Yorker cartoons, Roaring Twenties, The New Yorker MagazineTags 1920s advertising, 1920s fashion, 1920s New York, Alice Harvey, Atalanta Mercati, Born to Be, E.B. White, Gardner Rea, Jazz Age, John O'Hara, John Reynolds, Lily Damita, Master Building, Maurice Chevalier, Michael Arlen, Miguel Covarrubias, Peter Arno, roadside diners, roadside vernacular, Roaring Twenties, Squibb Building, Stock market crash, Taylor Gordon, The Big Duck, The New Yorker1 Comment on Prelude to a Crash
Posted on May 8, 2018 May 24, 2018 Categories advertising, celebrities, cinema, Jazz Age, New Yorker cartoons, prohibition, Roaring Twenties, The New Yorker Magazine, Theatre, vaudevilleTags 1920s advertising, 1920s cigarette ads, 1920s fashion, 1920s New York, Anna Pavlova, BVD, Dorothy Parker, East and West 1923, Eddie Dowling, Elsie Dinsmore, Elsie Dinsmore on the Loose, Fiddler on the Roof, Gluyas Williams, International Exposition of Barcelona, Jacob "Yonkel" Kalich, James Thurber, Jazz Age, Josie Turner, Leonard Dove, Mabel Walker Willebrandt, Miguel Covarrubias, Molly Picon, Oscar Howard, Phyllis Crawford, prohibition, Ring Lardner, Showboat 1929, The New Yorker, The Rainbow Man, Thomas Edison toaster, Tudor City, Yiddish TheatreLeave a comment on Hello Molly
The So-So Soprano
Although its founding editor, Harold Ross, was raised in the rude surroundings of a Colorado mining town and often displayed the manners of a backwoodsman, the New Yorker nevertheless looked down its sophisticated nose at most anything west of the Hudson, and the middle west was reserved for particular ridicule in its homespun piety and small city boosterism.
April 20, 1929 cover by Adolph K. Kronengold.
Enter one Marion Talley, a child prodigy from the tiny town of Nevada, Missouri. After appearing in a lead role at age 15 for the Kansas City Grand Opera, excited civic leaders raised enough money to send Talley to New York to study voice. Four years later (February 1926) she made her Metropolitan Opera debut as Gilda in Rigoletto — at that time the youngest prima donna to appear on the Met stage. A delegation of Kansas City's two hundred leading citizens (including the mayor) travelled to New York via special train to attend the performance. Adding to the spectacle, a noisy telegraph machine was set up backstage so Talley's father could send dispatches back home during the performance. Writing in his "A Reporter at Large" column for the New Yorker's Feb. 27, 1926 issue, Morris Markey scoffed at the hype and Babbitry on display:
THE MANY PHASES OF MARION…Clockwise, from top left, 18-year-old Marion Talley in 1925 in a detail of an image that appeared on the cover of Time; Talley in 1927 (detail of a portrait by Edward Steichen); an autographed portrait dated May 1936; with co-star Michael Bartlett in her only movie, Follow Your Heart (1936); promoting Ry-Krisp crackers, sponsor of her NBC radio show, 1937. (Getty/famousfix.com/imdb.com/mnopedia.org)
The New Yorker (via E.B. White in "Notes & Comment") caught up with Talley more than three years later in the April 20, 1929 issue, her short career seemingly over, her voice perhaps destined for nothing more than "hog-calling"…
When Talley's Met contract was not renewed for the 1929 season, she announced her plans to retire to a wheat farm in Kansas (hence the hog calling reference). She did, however, try to revive her career on concert tours and then on her own NBC Radio program (1936-1938), sponsored by Ry-Krisp. She made one film, the 1936 musical Follow Your Heart, but after its tepid reception the 30-year-old Talley decided to retire from show business.
ONE MORE TRY…Testimonial ads promoting weight reduction usually signal the end of a career, and for Marion Talley her Ry-Krisp diet endorsement was no exception. (imdb)
How good a singer was Marion Talley? We will never really know, but you can get some sense of her style and range from this 1927 Vitaphone short (the Vitaphone sound method synchronized the film with what was essentially a record player):
Talley married twice — to pianist Michael Rauchelsen (1932–1934) and to music critic Adolph Eckstein (1935–1942), the latter with whom she had a daughter, Susan. Talley died in 1983 in Beverly Hills, California.
Dark Clouds on the Horizon
The April 20, 1929 "Talk of the Town" made passing mention of a man who would be instrumental in the stock market crash later that year—National City Bank President Charles E. Mitchell:
The "Talk" item references a $25 million advance Mitchell offered to stock market traders who were getting the yips in an overheated market. This happened after a "mini crash" on March 25, 1929, when the Federal Reserve told its banks to withhold all loans to finance securities. Mitchell's announcement apparently reassured the public enough to stop the panic, but in reality it only delayed the inevitable—a major market crash brought on in large part by the over-selling of securities by Mitchell's bank.
RUNAWAY BULL…Charles E. Mitchell's reckless overselling of securities played a large role in the October 1929 stock market crash. Arrested and indicted for tax evasion in 1933, Mitchell would be acquitted of criminal charges but would end up paying a million dollars to the U.S. government in a civil settlement. At right, Walker's stately townhouse on Fifth Avenue, now home to the French consulate. (geni.com/daytonian in manhattan)
The "Talk" item continued with this observation on the Panic of 1907, and how banker J.P. Morgan had also offered $25 million to bring the market back to earth:
PANIC ATTACK…banker J.P. Morgan (left) used a pile of money to calm the stock market during the Panic of 1907. His son, J.P. Morgan Jr., (right) would try to do the same following the October 1929 crash, when he and other bankers attempted to prevent a depression by purchasing some overpriced blue chip stock. As we know, their actions had little effect. (Library of Congress)
One of Broadway's biggest stars in the 1920s, Fanny Brice (1891-1951) was profiled by Niven Busch Jr. in the April 20 issue. In addition to her work with the Ziegfeld Follies and other stage productions, by 1929 the comedian, singer and actress had recorded two-dozen songs and appeared in the 1928 film, My Man. Brice's star would continue to rise in the 1930s and 40s, especially on the radio portraying the bratty toddler "Baby Snooks." Here are the opening lines of the profile, which included a caricature of Brice by Miguel Covarrubias:
Top right, caricature of Fanny Brice that accompanied the New Yorker profile, drawn by Miguel Covarrubias. Below, publicity photo of Brice as Baby Snooks, 1938. (Photofest)
From its very beginnings comic verse played an important role in the pages of the New Yorker. The subjects of my previous blog post (Generation of Vipers), sisters Elinor Wylie and Nancy Hoyt, both contributed comic poems to the magazine, as did Clarence Knapp, a former mayor of Saratoga, New York, who also wrote prose pieces on that city's famed horse racing scene. According to Judith Yaross Lee (Defining New Yorker Humor, p. 354), Knapp was a New Yorker insider who penned a total of 14 mock-melodramatic "sob ballads" between 1927 and 1930. Lee observes that Knapp's ballads followed a fixed formula, two 16-line stanzas followed by eight-line refrains, that "joked about present social values by invoking past forms."
They Loved a Parade
After the passing of literary giant Victor Hugo in 1885 (his funeral attracted two million mourners), Paris became known for its spectacular funeral processions. So when famed French general and (WWI) Supreme Allied Commander Marshal Ferdinand Foch died on March 20, 1929, the City of Light turned out in droves to say goodbye. On hand to report the scene was the New Yorker's Paris correspondent, Janet Flanner, aka Genêt:
A PARIS FAREWELL…The Tricolor-draped coffin of Marshal Ferdinand Foch is escorted by the Allied Commanders from the Great War (WWI) during the funeral procession. The American General John J. Pershing can be seen marching alongside the catafalque in the center of the photo. (Associated Press)
By Flanner's account, Foch's send-off easily matched Hugo's in terms of crowd size:
The Art of Smoking
Cigarette manufacturers used a variety of marketing techniques to promote their tobacco products. During the late 1920s and early 30s R.J. Reynolds sought to attract more women smokers through a series of stylish ads for its Camel brand that evoked a softly elegant world. These ads were illustrated by Carl Erickson (1891–1958), a fashion artist whose work was widely seen in Vogue and in promotions for Coty cosmetics. This ad appeared in the April 20 issue of the New Yorker:
While studying at Chicago's Academy of Fine Arts, Erickson was nicknamed "Eric," a name he later used to sign his works. Also a successful portrait artist, Erickson lived part of his professional life in France (1920 to 1940) with his wife, the fashion illustrator Lee Creelman. Below are several examples of Erickson's Camel work, including two back page illustrations from Delineator, a women's fashion magazine that featured Butterick sewing patterns.
Clockwise from top, left, ad from Delineator, July 1930; 1929 ad from unknown source; unknown date and source; Carl "Eric" Erickson at work circa 1950; ad from the Delineator, July 1929. (Delineator/fashionising.com/periodpaper.com)
And From Our Other Advertisers…
With our Cuba relations once again eroding, let's look back 89 years to a time when affordable, care-free living could be yours in sunny Havana…
…or in the days before foam rubber, "ozonized" animal hair gave bounce to your rugs…
…or the modestly well-off could contemplate an apartment on Park Avenue…
View from a 16th floor condo at 784 Park Avenue, yours today for a cool $8 million. (triumphproperty.com/stribling.com)
Our cartoons come courtesy of Garrett Price (1895-1979), who would contribute hundreds of cartoons as well as 100 covers during his more than 50 years with the New Yorker. An excellent look at Price's life and work can be found in The Comics Journal…
Garrett Price, circa 1918, and one of his New Yorker covers from May 21, 1949. (The Comics Journal)
…Denys Wortman (1887-1958) looked in on a bookseller with a "spoiler" problem. From 1924 to 1954 Wortman drew the nationally syndicated comic strip Metropolitan Movies for the New York World. The beautifully drawn strip offered a naturalistic portrayal of daily life in New York City…
Denys Wortman at work in an undated photo. At left, an example from his Metropolitan Movies comic strip, dated May 11, 1932. (New York World/New York Times)
…and John Reynolds looked in on the challenges of the architecture profession. Reynolds contributed 34 drawings to the New Yorker from 1928 to 1930.
Next Time: Hello Molly…
Posted on May 1, 2018 May 1, 2018 Categories advertising, architecture & buildings, Broadway, celebrities, cinema, Jazz Age, music, New Yorker cartoons, Roaring Twenties, The New Yorker Magazine, vaudevilleTags 1920s advertising, 1920s cigarette ads, 1920s New York, Camel cigarettes, Carl "Eric" Erickson, Carl Erickson, Charles E. Mitchell, Clarence Knapp, Denys Wortman, Fanny Brice, Follow Your Heart, Garrett Price, J.P. Morgan, Janet Flanner, Jazz Age, John Reynolds, Marion Talley, Marshal Ferdinand Foch, Miguel Covarrubias, Morris Markey, Panic of 1907, Roaring Twenties, Ry-Krisp, Stock market crash, The New YorkerLeave a comment on The So-So Soprano
After studying every page of the first 120 issues of the New Yorker, and after researching the lives of its writers and their subjects, the world as described by the New Yorker — 89 years distant — can seep into one's imagination, not unlike a world created by a fiction writer, whose characters are very much alive in his or her mind even when the pen is idle. You become accustomed to their voices, their likes and dislikes, and begin to see their world as a contemporary of sorts.
June 4, 1927 cover by H.O. Hofman
And so I find myself reading a review of Edith Wharton's "latest" novel, Twilight Sleep, and think not of some author I haven't read since college, but rather see her work as it was seen at its unveiling, albeit through the eyes of New Yorker book critic Ernest Boyd, who wrote under the pen name "Alceste":
NOT DEFEATED BY LIFE…Edith Wharton with her Pekes, circa 1920. (lib guides.com)
Wharton won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1921 for The Age of Innocence, making her first woman to receive the prize. Indeed, Wharton kicked off a great decade for women fiction writers — Willa Cather would win the Pulitzer for One of Ours in 1923, Margaret Wilson for The Able McLaughlins in 1924, Edna Ferber for So Big in 1925, and Julia Peterkin for Scarlet Sister Mary in 1929.
The June 4 issue offered some follow-up items on Charles Lindbergh, this from "Talk of the Town" regarding Lindbergh's potential to claim perhaps more than the $25,000 Orteig Prize (about $350,000 today) for being the first to fly nonstop across the Atlantic — endorsements, book and movie deals, offers to serve on company boards, and so on…
…and from Howard Brubakers "Of All Things" column, we learn that the aviation hero doesn't like to be called "Lucky"…
Baseball was still inexplicably shut out from the pages of the New Yorker, even as the Yankees (and Babe Ruth) were having one of their best-ever seasons. Instead, the June 4 issue covered horse racing (pgs. 63-65), rowing (pgs. 66-68), and lawn games (pgs. 69-72).
Among the "lawn games" reviewed, the New Yorker had this to say about the revival of ping-pong and the "spirited matches played between the sexes"…
GAME ON…Hollywood film star Dorothy Sebastian (left) squares off with fellow actress Joan Crawford in a game of ping pong in 1925. The umpire is actor Eddie Nugent. Photo by Margaret Chute. (playingpingpong.tumblr.com)
In the following week's issue, June 11, 1927, there was a bit more to say about Lindy's future economic prospects…
…and there is this item about New York Mayor Jimmy Walker. Given his love of late-night parties, speakeasies and chorus girls, it was no wonder that the New Yorker's editors found him an attractive subject for "Talk of the Town"…
Jimmy Walker and Betty Compton after their wedding in Cannes, 1933. (www.isle-of-wight-fhs.co.uk)
Of course Walker's aloofness would have consequences later when scandal and corruption would knock him and his cronies from office.
The issue also included a profile of golfer Walter Hagen, written by Niven Busch Jr. In his "Portrait of a Dutchman," Busch begins:
The profile included this terrific portrait of Hagen by Miguel Covarrubias:
We end with this great full-page cartoon, beautifully rendered in Conté crayon by Reginald Marsh…
Next Time: Coney Island, 1927…
Posted on October 12, 2016 June 7, 2018 Categories air travel, celebrities, fads & crazes, politics, sports, The New Yorker MagazineTags 1920s New York, Charles Lindbergh, Edith Wharton, Ernest Boyd, Jazz Age, Mayor Jimmy Walker, Miguel Covarrubias, Orteig Prize, Ping pong, Reginald Marsh, Roaring Twenties, Table Tennis, The New Yorker, Twilight Sleep, Walter HagenLeave a comment on The Age of Innocence
Slices of 1920s New York
The April 11, 1925 issue of The New Yorker is a bit of a hodgepodge, which is true of most of the early issues that are pretty spotty in terms of content. Much of the writing is heavily embellished with cheeky asides, wordplay and the like.
I should note at this point that although I am reading every page of every issue, including ads, what I represent here is what catches my eye and appeals to my particular sensibilities. It is by no means a comprehensive survey. Nevertheless, I hope that my selections give you a good sense of the content of the magazine, and the context of the times and places where the action occurs.
April 11, 1925 cover by Rea Irvin (New Yorker Digital Archive)
"Talk of Town" opened with rumors of a baby at the Coolidge White House, which proved unfounded. There was also a brief item noting that silent film star Gloria Swanson (who will be prominent in the early issues) was back in the states with her husband, the Marquis de la Falaise de la Coudraie (the marriage ended in 1931, when the Marquis married actress Constance Bennett).
"Talk" also mentioned that a long anticipated boxing match between Harry Wills and Jack Dempsey had hit a snag with the state athletic commissioner.
Harry Wills in 1920 (Wikipedia)
Boxing historians consider Wills one of the most egregious victims of the "color line" drawn by white heavyweight champions. Wills fought for more than twenty years (1911–1932), was ranked a No. 1 challenger for the throne, but was denied the opportunity to vie for the title. He spent six years (1920–1926) trying to land a title fight with Dempsey, who was willing to fight Wills but backed out when he did not receive a $100,000 guarantee from a boxing promoter. Wills filed suit for breach of contract, leading the athletic commissioner to bar Dempsey from competing in the state (Dempsey would later lose in points to Gene Tunney in a Philadelphia bout).
Cartoonist Hans Stengel's take on upper crust society. The old guard will prove to be a frequent target of subtle jests from the brash young magazine. (New Yorker Digital Archive)
"Talk" offered a brief item on a "new religion" making the rounds, run by A. E. Orage. It noted that he was a disciple of Gurdjieff (and I should add both are offspring of Madame Blatavsky's Theosophical Society) who "took New York by storm" the previous year. "Talk" said Orage offered classes "in which he intensifies the soul for $10 a month."
John Held Jr. woodcut in the April 18, 1925 issue. Held was a high school classmate of New Yorker founder Harold Ross when both lived in Salt Lake City. (New Yorker Digital Archive)
The issue also marked the first appearance of darkly-themed woodcuts on various Victorian subjects by John Held Jr. He is perhaps even more famous for his variety of illustrations throughout the 1920s that captured the flapper era, and no doubt why he is still known for his work today.
John Held Jr. cover art for a 1922 short story collection by F. Scott Fitzgerald. (Wikipedia)
"Profile" featured famed birth control rights advocate Margaret Sanger in a piece titled "The Child Who Was Mother to a Woman." Although "Profile" mentioned her great cause, it was largely focused on her defiance of authority, her championing of free speech (which she inherited from her father, a carver of tombstones), and of her ability as a small, timid woman to overcome the fear of speaking in public.
In this issue we are treated to Miguel Covarrubias drawings of contemporary celebrities:
(New Yorker Digital Archive)
The "Motion Pictures" section noted the following: "Texas Guinan, Hard Hearted Hannah and the gals of the El Fey Club (recently padlocked, see my entry "A Dry Manhattan") moved over to the Famous Players Astoria studios the other day to lend the right color to Allan Dwan's production, "Night Life in New York."…unless the censors cut the scenes, Kansas, Iowa and other inland points can glimpse how Manhattan spends its evenings when it isn't trying to get Havana or Oakland on the radio."
Famous Players Astoria studios (originally Famous Players-Lasky) was located near the Broadway theatre district. Two Marx Brothers films–The Cocoanuts (1929) and Animal Crackers (1930)–were filmed there. Although Lasky's Paramount moved the studio operations to California in 1932, the Astoria location continued to thrive, used first by the U.S. Army (beginning in 1942) to make indoctrination films and later by other studios and networks to make everything from music videos, to films (Goodfellas) to television programs (Sesame Street).
The Lasky Players Studio in Astoria, now home to the Museum of the Moving Image. (Museum of the Moving Image)
The "Motion Pictures" section also mentioned that German director F. W. Murnau (perhaps most famous today for the original 1922 Nosferatu) was coming over to direct. The New Yorker observed that "he the most distinguished screen newcomer since Ernst Lubitsch came over."
German actors and directors featured prominently in early New Yorker reviews. They were drawn to America by artistic opportunity, however. Later actors and directors (and other artists) would come over to flee Nazi persecution.
But then again, readers of the April 11, 1925 issue don't know that yet.
Posted on March 26, 2015 June 8, 2015 Categories The New Yorker MagazineTags 1920s New York, Astoria studios, Harry Wills, Jack Dempsey, Margaret Sanger, Miguel Covarrubias, The New YorkerLeave a comment on Slices of 1920s New York