Q: Network configuration: is it possible? Question: is it possible for a router to connect to one switch both from one of its LAN ports and from its WAN port, and for a device connected to the switch get both public and private (provided by the router) IP addresses?

Context: Each room in my house has one ethernet port. All the ports are connected to a switch in the smart box, where it connects to the WAN port. I have four devices that need wired connection in three rooms. Two of those need public IP addresses, and three of those must be in the same private network.


*

*Room 1: TV (public), printer (private)

*Room 2: PC (private)

*Room 3: server (both public and private)


Below is the network map illustrating the configuration:

I have one router and one switch for now, and am thinking of buying two more switches if they are necessary.
P.S. I'm not a native speaker of English, so feel free to edit this question if there are typos, grammatical errors, or any nonsenses.

A: It depends on how public addresses are provisioned, and whether your ISP will allow you multiple IP addresses. For example, with PPPoE/A (xDSL) the addresses are provisioned over Ethernet, therefore it is possible to run the client on nodes that require a public address. Each node with a public address will require its own firewall in order to block incoming connections.
If you are using protocols that have a different provisioning mechanism (e.g. DOCSIS) then the router will have to handle all the public addresses, putting each node into the DMZ with the appropriate address. Note that this requires a router that can handle provisioning multiple addresses.
And of course, if your ISP only allows you a single IP address then you're SOL regardless.

A: Yes it is possible, but you need switches and routers with support for VLAN tagging (802.1Q), otherwise all your devices will be in single broadcast domain (will see all traffic, both public and private).
Regular switches don't have this feature, you need managed ones. As for routers: alternative firmwares (like Tomato or DD-WRT) for SOHO routers support this.
