Prenatal, Obstetric, Neonatal Outcomes and Contraceptive Behaviors in Women with Four or More Pregnancies
Aysen Akay Merkez Efendi Hospital, Manisa, 45010, Turkey
Emre Yanikkerem Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Health Science, İstasyon Mevki, Manisa, 45010, Turkey
Birth control methods, contraception, neonatal outcomes, obstetric outcomes, prenatal outcomes, unmet need
Background: The aim of the population-based study was to determine prenatal, obstetric, neonatal outcomes and contraceptive behaviors in women with four or more pregnancies.
Methods: This study was conducted with women (n=294) using a questionnaire in two family centers of Manisa, Turkey where the fertility rate was high.
Results: In the study, the mean number of pregnancies was 5.6±1.5. Loving children, willing to have a larger family and to have a male child were determined the main reasons of extreme fertility. Although 93.2% of women did not desire to have children in the future, only 43.3% of them used a birth control method. The rates of gestational diabetes, hypertension, depression, physical violence, lower weight of baby, risk of miscarriage, preterm birth and cesarean section were higher in the women with more pregnancies.
Conclusions: It is very important to provide women with more pregnancies who had unmet need with client-centered counseling to encourage them to use more effective methods.
Çamurcu H. The increase of the world population and the problems it causes. Balikesir University Journal of Social Sciences Institute 2005; 8: 87-105.
Asekun-Olarinmoye E, Adebimpe W, Bamidele J, Odu O, Asekun-Olarinmoye IO, Ojofeitimi E. Barriers to use of modern contraceptives among women in an inner city area of Osogbo metropolis, Osun state, Nigeria. Int J Womens Health 2013; 11: 647-655. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S47604
Apay SE, Nazik E, Özdemir F, Pasinlioğlu T. The determination of the behaviours about family planning of the women. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences 2010; 13: 1-7.
Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) 2013. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies Ankara, Turkey. [cited 2016 November 18] Available from: http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/eng/TDHS_2013_main.report.pdf
Withers M, Kano M, Pinatih GNI. Desire for more children, contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning in a remote area of Bali, Indonesia. J Biosoc Sci 2010; 42: 549-562. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932010000052
Kitapçıoğlu G, Yanıkkerem E. Reproductive history, family planning behaviour and postpartum counseling of the women who had delivery in Manisa Maternity and Childcare Hospital. Ege Journal of Medicine 2008; 47: 87-92.
Yanıkkerem E, Acar H, Elem E. Withdrawal users' perceptions of and experience with contraceptive methods in Manisa, Turkey. Midwifery 2006; 22: 274-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2005.04.001
Elmacı N. Social and cultural factors that prevent family planning. Journal for Women's Studies 1999; 5: 55-61.
Bradley SE, Casterline JB. Understanding unmet need: history, theory, and measurement. Stud Fam Plann 2014; 45: 123-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.2014.00381.x
Speizer IS, Calhoun LM, Hoke T, Sengupta R. Measurement of unmet need for family planning: longitudinal analysis of the impact of fertility desires on subsequent child bearing behaviors among urban women from Utar Pradesh, India. Contraception 2013; 88: 553-560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2013.04.006
Bongaarts J. The impact of family planning programs on unmet need and demand for contraception. Stud Fam Plann 2014; 45: 247-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.2014.00387.x
Alkema L, Kantorova V, Menozzi C, Biddlecom A. National, regional, and global rates and trends in contraceptive prevalence and unmet need for family planning between 1990 and 2015: a systematical and comprehensive analysis. The Lancet 2013; 11: 1642-1652. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62204-1
Kotb MM, Bakr I, Ismail NA, Arafa N, El-Gewaily M. Women in Cairo, Egypt and their risk factors for unmet need contraceptive need: a community-based study. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2011; 37: 26-31. https://doi.org/10.1136/jfprhc.2010.0006
Bhattathiry MM, Ethirajan N. Unmet need for family planning among married women of reproductive age group in urban Tamil Nadu. J Fam Med Community Health 2014; 21: 53-57. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.128786
Tilahun T, Coene G, Temmerman M, Degomme O. Spousal discordance on fertility preference and its effect on contraceptive practice among married couples in Jimma zone, Ethiopia. Reprod Health 2014; 4: 11-27. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-11-27
Mayda AS, Arslan T, Bozkurt HB, Dedeli İ, Özkan, MÖ. The rate of family planning methods usage of 15-49 years old women living in Düzce Permanent Residences and the causes of preferring methods. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin 2005; 4: 265-279.
Tilahun T, Coene G, Luchters S, Kassahun W, Leye E, Temmerman M, et al. Family planning knowledge, attitude and Practice among married couples in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia. PLoS One 2013; 23(8): e61335. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061335
Motlaq ME, Eslami M, Yazdanpanah M, Nakhaee N. Contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning in Iran. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2013; 121: 157-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.11.024
Ali AA, Okud A. Factors affecting unmet need for family planning in Eastern Sudan. BMC Public Health 2013; 4: 13-102. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-102
Bader V, Kelly PJ, Cheng AL, Witt J. The role of previous contraception education and moral judgment in contraceptive use. J Midwifery Womens Health 2014; 59: 447-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12149
Darroch JE, Singh S. Trends in contraceptive need and use in developing countries in 2003, 2008, and 2012: An analysis of National Surveys. Lancet 2013; 18: 1756-1762. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60597-8
Kaya H, Tatlı H, Açık Y, Deveci SE. Determining the usage level of family planning method among the women aged between 15-49 in Uydukent nursing home district in Bingöl city. Fırat University Journal of Health Sciences 2008; 22: 185-191.
Bostancı MS. Sources of information related to contraceptive methods and their relationship with unwanted pregnancies in women in a district of Eastern Anatolia. Dicle Medical Journal 2011; 38; 202-207. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2011.02.0015
Teye JK. Modern contraceptive use among in the Asuogyaman district of Ghana: is reliability more important than health concerns? Afr J Reprod Health 2013; 17: 58-71.
Fusi-Ngwa CK, Payne VK, Asakizi AN, Katte BF. Knowledge and practice of family planning in Dschang municipality Cameroon. Afr J Reprod Health 2013; 17; 137-148.
Bastianelli C, Farris M, Benagiano G, D'Andrea G. Unmet needs and knowledge of postpartum contraception in Italian women. Am J Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2013; 40: 514-518.
Terzi H, Terzi R, Kale A. Urinary in continence frequency and affecting factors in women aged over 18. Ege Journal of Medicine 2013; 52: 5-19.
Güler N. Physical, emotional, sexual, and economic violence by spouse during pregnancy and associated factors background. Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal 2010; 3: 72-77.