Synthetic 4,5-didehydro geranylgeranoic acid, a potent ligand both for cellular retionoic acid-binding protein and for nuclear retinoid receptors, induced apoptosis in human hepatoma-derived cell line HuH-7 but not in primary hepatocytes, although all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid did not induce any growth inhibition(Ref. 0081). A synthetic geranylgeranoic acid (GGA) induced apoptotic cell deth in a human hepatoma cell line, HuH-7, but not in mouse primary cultured hepatocytes. Prior to chromatin condensation, GGA induced a dramatic loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential in 1 hour and in a dose dependent manner in HuH-7 cells, but not in the primary hepatocytes. GGA induces apoptosis in hepatoma cells through derangement of mitochondrial function and subsequent activation of the cysteine protease cascade(Ref. 0082).
The product derived from geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
AUTHOR : Nakamura, N., Shidoji, Y., Moriwaki, H., and Muto, Y.
JOURNAL : Biochem Biophys Res Commun.
AUTHOR : Shidoji, Y., Nakamura, N., Moriwaki, H., and Muto, Y.