Fiction » Mystery
The Best Murder Mystery Books
recommended by Stuart Turton
by Stuart Turton
The best murder mysteries set up their stories like a game between the reader and the writer, says Stuart Turton, bestselling author and lifelong mystery fan. Here he highlights five of his favourites, in which detectives make miraculous deductions, or doggedly chase clues until they meet with satisfying solutions.
Interview by Cal Flyn, Deputy Editor
The Lady in the Lake
by Raymond Chandler
by Terry Pratchett
The Crow Road
by Iain Banks
by Agatha Christie
The Adventure of the Dancing Men
by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
1 The Lady in the Lake by Raymond Chandler
2 Night Watch by Terry Pratchett
3 The Crow Road by Iain Banks
4 A Murder is Announced by Agatha Christie
5 The Adventure of the Dancing Men by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
We've asked you to recommend five of the best murder mystery books. Your own novels, The Seven Deaths of Evelyn Hardcastle – a huge bestseller – and The Devil and the Dark Water, out now, are both murder mysteries with a twist. What draws you to this type of fiction?
It's probably just the plain old boring fact that they were the first books that I read and loved. A lot of mystery authors that I talk to went through the same sort of arc. First: Agatha Christie's books between the ages of about eight and ten. They just imprint on you; I love the structure of them, the way she sets them up as games to be played against her. There are pieces, a board… she does it all remarkably well. Then: Sherlock Holmes, and Raymond Chandler after that. Then Stephen King, and literary fiction afterwards. But I still love mystery, because I like the idea of a game – for me, the best mysteries are the ones where you feel like you are playing, where there's an opportunity for you to solve the clues ahead of the characters who are investigating.
You can stick a mystery into anything, right? You can take the central hub of a mystery – you can steal something, murder somebody, make it somehow mysterious – and as long as you have somebody investigating that, trying to work out what happened, you can stick it into science fiction, into romance, into a piece of literary fiction… it can be the string on which you thread any number of pearls. So it's a really interesting format for storytelling, for me.
Could you say a little more about the character of the investigator? They often become the focal point of these stories: I'm thinking of Poirot, Sherlock Holmes, Miss Marple… and any number of crime novels that feature a troubled detective at their heart. In The Devil and the Dark Water, you have a world famous detective imprisoned in the hold of a ship, while his sidekick and a wealthy female passenger take the lead.
I'm always interested in the way investigators solve the mysteries, as much as the characters themselves. Everybody knows about Poirot's "little grey cells"; everybody knows that Marple appears over hedges and overhears conversations; everybody thinks of Philip Marlowe in his trench coat, doggedly asking questions; everybody understands that Sherlock Holmes dashes around using deductions – even if they've never read those stories. I really like that about the mystery genre – how they solve the crime matters as much as who they are, and so much of how they solve the problem then becomes their character.
Poirot is not a lazy man, but he likes comfort. He would find somebody pointing a gun at him to be very uncouth. So the way he solves his crime is his character. Raymond Chandler's characters always have guns pointed at them – so they're always disarming people, they're very physical, very smart, very dogged. Sherlock Holmes is a strange mixture; it's all about deduction – he sits down, he has this three-pipe problem, and at some point he will rush out the door and have a gun thrust in his face. The method of deduction informs the character.
I always wanted to ask those great writers: is that how you came up with it? Did you know how they were going to solve the mystery, and then work backwards? Or did you come up with this cold, calculating character and figure out that this is how they would probably solve a mystery? That's what I keep trying to do with mine, I keep trying to find interesting people. What about their past makes them solve the mystery in this way?
In my new book, there are three characters who all kind of investigate: a very Sherlock Holmes-type character and a slightly Watson-like character – although this Watson character has been to war, and thinks of himself as a soldier, so the way he solves mysteries is very physical: he puts himself in harm's way and stirs things up. Then we have the noblewoman Sara, who first tries to replicate the method she's read about in books, but that doesn't work because she's not allowed much agency – so she has to become quite Holmesian herself: put disguises on, crack mysteries and codes. It was really good fun to write that.
You mentioned Raymond Chandler; his book The Lady in the Lake is the first murder mystery that you want to recommend. It's the fourth Philip Marlowe book.
I don't know if this is true, but it always seemed to me to be the most unheralded of Chandler's books. Everyone talks about The Big Sleep and The Long Goodbye. If people are really doing deep cuts, they'll mention things like The Little Sister, but The Lady in the Lake never seems to come up, and it's brilliant. Just as a piece of writing, it's fantastic.
It does all the things that Chandler's known for, but it's much shorter than these other books; it's a far more condensed mystery. And it does that thing where every other page there's a twist. Every character you think could possibly have done it turns up either dead, or is completely innocent, or when you meet them they twist the book around completely.
"The method of deduction informs the character. What about their past makes them solve the mystery in this way?"
I also love that this book takes Marlowe out of his comfort zone. We're so used to thinking of him stalking seedy LA streets and clubs, but this takes him up into the mountains, into beautiful bright sunshine and clean air. You almost feel his discomfort, as though he doesn't know quite what to do with himself. And the people he meets are basically just normal people for the course of the mystery – just folk living their lives: a groundkeeper, an unhappy wife…. Not the rich people he's used to dealing with. It feels very different to the rest of the books.
Also, it might be the best plotting of all his mysteries. The resolution is fantastic, just the way it all comes together.
Right. Do you think it's possible to have a plot that's too complicated? Or is it the more fiendish the better?
When I was finishing up my first novel, which is renowned for being a complex novel –
For those who haven't read it, it has a time-loop element, in which a murder is witnessed and re-witnessed from multiple points of view, as the protagonist compares notes with past and future versions of himself.
– I honestly thought that I had made it too complicated, and was trying to work out what I could do to simplify it, by cutting some of the threads. In the end, I just had to commit to the idea that I was writing a complex murder mystery novel, and that there would hopefully be an appetite for that – people who would want to scour every single detail.
So I think you can do that. But if you're going to write a complex murder mystery, you need to be fair with your audience. You need to recap all the way along. We call them 'anchor points' in our novels – a point where the reader gets everything recapped: these are the important clues, these are the important characters, this is what was said. You have to have quite a lot of skill to do that without making it look like that's what you are doing. It has to be fed in quite naturally, and that's tricky to do. But I think if you want to write a complicated novel, you have to do that. It's not fair to disguise the mystery, and hope that the reader just forgets the relevant details up to that point. That's not going to be satisfying for everybody. What you really want is for them to have all the clues, and all the ideas, all the suspects, and be making their theories – but then get to the end and be wrong, in a satisfying way. You've just won the game, because you presented the board to them, and all the pieces.
Right, yes. I love that, and reading Evelyn Hardcastle very much felt like playing a game. But that sounds difficult to write. You'll have to put yourself into the reader's position and guess at all possible iterations of what he or she might be thinking. And you have to constantly be imagining what it's like to read the book for the first time, what aspects will seem most salient, what clues will seem most obvious.
Yes. There's also, like, a meta- thing that happens: because I've read all the novels I'm referencing – all the Agatha Christies, all the Sherlock Holmeses – I know what the readers are going to expect. So sometimes I throw the trope in and twist it around, and make it do something else. That can be a red herring in itself, the expectations of the reader.
But as I said, if you're doing that thing where you have, say, a character do something massively important on page ten, and you never reference it again, then that's not fair. What I try to do is bring that thing up, but then try to subvert and undermine it, or lead it into a different avenue. So you think it's been resolved.
"What you really want is for them to have all the clues, and all the ideas, all the suspects, and be making their theories – but then get to the end and be wrong"
So, you have to think through the novel at a meta level, in terms of audience expectation. How do I throw that in, but then undermine it? What's the actual in-universe logic? What are the characters thinking at this point? You're always trying to plot those two things, which can be infuriating but also brilliant fun when it works.
Absolutely. Let's talk about the second book that made your list of the best murder mysteries. This is Terry Pratchett's Night Watch. It's set in the Discworld, his beloved fantasy universe, and it features a policeman sent back in time to solve a 30-year-old murder. I think it illustrates well your earlier point about how you can insert a mystery into a book of any genre, and use it as an engine to drive the plot along.
This book is Pratchett at his best, for me. It's a really solid thriller. What he does with the Vimes character is that he makes a policeman: just any copper. He's a copper who thinks like a copper. He doesn't trust clues. And because it's the Discworld, he's a copper who knows his frame of reference: he knows about Raymond Chandler, he knows about Poirot. He's the type of character who's constantly winking at the genre that he's also a part of. Somehow, despite all that winking, he's an actual brilliant character, who solves the mystery by being dogged, in the same way that Marlowe does, but has Sherlock Holmes-like abilities of deduction. He can also sit down and ponder things through like Poirot. So he's got elements of all the best detectives.
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But then, it's a fantasy. It's also a time travel book. And Pratchett does all these things brilliantly. He gives you everything you'd want from a time travel book – like, he goes back in time and intersects with a younger version of himself, who he has to train up to be the man he's going to become. Because you've seen Vimes grow over the course of the books that he's been in, in Pratchett's Discworld, you know the person that this young man will become.
Pratchett knows that – you keep getting to these meta levels, and he uses it all. It's all warm and familiar. He knows exactly what you're thinking – it's almost a love letter to his own readers.
Terry Pratchett: what a dazzling mind. I was interested in this use of a time travel element as part of a murder mystery – was this book one of your inspirations for Evelyn Hardcastle?
I actually didn't read this book until afterwards. When I started Evelyn, I didn't want to read anything to do with time travel. I didn't want to see any time travel movies, books, anything even vaguely in the wheelhouse of what I was trying to do, because I was so worried that someone could have already done it, or something so similar that I couldn't carry on doing what I was doing – or that they would have some great idea that I couldn't help but steal. And I love that genre! But I tried to recuse myself from as much of it as possible for two-and-a-half years. I found Night Watch on the other side of that.
Let's talk about book three on your list of the best murder mysteries. This is Iain Banks's The Crow Road, which features a young Scot trying to figure out what happened to his missing uncle. I'm pleased to be reminded of this book, actually. All I had remembered of it was one very unforgettable scene featuring Morse code… So, tell us about The Crow Road – how much of it is a mystery?
Not very much, but quite a lot, simultaneously. That's what's so great about this book, it's a soup with a ton of ingredients in it. It dextrously moves between focus on any one of them. One minute you're reading a book about a family, or a young guy's journey to find himself… you read about him falling in love, and sex scenes that you've never read before. But then there's this murder mystery: his uncle disappeared, and he will occasionally talk about it. And I've never read another book that's done this – have a mystery, but it's not the driving point of the story, it's just one of the many elements.
You come back to it whenever he wants; you get invested and interested in it, but somehow when he moves away, you don't mind. In most mystery books, as soon as you move away from the mystery for anything, you feel, like: 'just get back to the mystery, tell me who did it.' This isn't because it's a dull mystery. It's not even because it's not a piece of the book that's important. It's because every element of the book is working perfectly together. They're all interesting: I want to know about his relationships, I want to know what's happening between him and his father, and with his new girlfriend, with his grandmother.
"There must have been an agent somewhere saying, 'Just carry on doing more space opera!' And he'd say, 'no, no, this one's about capitalism'"
Also: it's not linear. It keeps hopping about – forwards, backwards, all over the show. Telling a story in a non-linear fashion is incredibly difficult. But to do that for a mystery at the same time, it's an incredible feat.
I think, actually, that this book would have informed Evelyn, because I read this book for the first time when I was 20-something. It's utterly wonderful, brilliant. And different to a lot of Iain Banks's canon as well. It's very ambitious. I remember thinking: 'Oh! You can do this with a novel! It can be this!" It doesn't have to be about one thing, it can be about multiple things.
It goes back to what we said earlier – as long as you're fair with your reader, as long as you're keeping them recapped and up-to-date, giving them some indication of where they are in the story, you can get away with that. So, it's the structure, and the way it treats the mystery – and the way that dovetails with all the other elements.
Like Pratchett, Iain Banks is such a loss – a creative genius, really. He produced so much.
He took a swing, as well. He had solid hits, but then the next book would be something else entirely. Like The Wasp Factory, as a starting book. Then later he had The Business. He wrote all these books about different things, and he would mess with structure if he felt like messing with structure. I love that. I love how brave he was in his writing.
Then there are all his huge conceptual works of sci-fi written as Iain M. Banks.
There must have been an editor or an agent somewhere being like, 'Just carry on doing more space opera.' And then he'd say, 'no, no, this one's going to be about capitalism.'
Excellent. Next, we're heading right back into mystery heartland. A Murder is Announced, by Agatha Christie. This is one of her Miss Marple mysteries. Why is this one of the best murder mystery books?
I think this might be the first Agatha Christie I read, and it might have the greatest premise I've ever heard in my entire life. I like to think about how the idea came to her. It would have been terrifying: how are you going to plot this, how are you going to live up to the concept?
The concept is this: somebody puts an advert in the paper: "A murder is announced." They say what time this murder is going to happen, in what place in the village and at what time. Then, unsurprisingly, everybody turns up looking to see if this murder is going to happen.
And she pulls it off! She absolutely nails it. It's not just a gimmick. She fully explores the concept and how people react to it. She uses it to explore psychology, to explore how people react to tragedy and imminent tragedy. You know – people just turn up to watch. It's grotesque. She's always fascinated by that, and this is the book where you see the idea absolutely coalesce: she turns murder into a spectator sport, and that is fantastic.
Many of Christie's books are very high concept, and I think that's quite similar to your own work. With The Devil and the Dark Water, it's a sort of closed-circle murder mystery set on a ship. How did you dream that one up?
When I was 23, I was killing time in Perth, Australia, and I went to the maritime museum, where I read about a real-life shipwreck called the Batavia, which was wrecked in 1629. It's a terrible story – really gruesome and sad and brutal – but basically, the ship gets wrecked, and the survivors get put on this island. The captain leaves to go get help in Jakarta, which is 30 days away. He sails off in a little row boat, but he's left them in the hands of a psychopath. And the psychopath proceeds to murder, maim, torture and rape his way through the survivors. It's a sordid, brutal tale. But within it is all this great stuff – the captain of the ship sailed for help in uncharted waters, using celestial navigations, for a month. He couldn't possibly know where he was going, yet somehow he got there and then managed to return with help. That's incredible.
There was a soldier on the island who was fighting and winning battles with improvised weapons. There was basically a cult on the island… there were all these little stories within it, and it stuck with me like a splinter. I never forgot that story. My book's set in 1634. It's basically a haunted house at sea. It's an isolated boat, they don't know where they're going to, they don't know what's coming next. It immediately felt a very Sherlock Holmesian setting, more than a Christie setting. I didn't mean to write my take on Sherlock Holmes and Watson, but it just felt immediately fitting. So that's what I did. It took ages to work out that it was a much more interesting mystery if I locked my Holmes character up – took the focus off him and put it on the sidekick. After that it just flowed.
Talking of Sherlock Holmes, that brings us to the final book on your list of the best murder mysteries: The Adventure of the Dancing Men by Arthur Conan Doyle. Apparently this was one of Conan Doyle's personal favourites.
As I said, when I finished reading Christie, I moved on to Sherlock Holmes. I'm quite a completionist; if I discover a new author I have to read all of their books. So, I read all of Sherlock Holmes and this is the one that stood out for me, the one that got me most excited.
It starts with pictures of dancing men being delivered, in a note, to a guy who seems completely harmless and lovely. He's just married an American lady with a bit of a shady past, and the note scares her, even though it seems childish to him.
That's the thing about the story I love. These dancing stickmen are slightly ridiculous, but it ends up so horrible. It's a very menacing story, with quite a grounded, down-to-earth resolution. It's short and logical and real, which is not always the case in a Conan Doyle story. So, yes, that's the one that I took with me – that, and The Speckled Band. They're the two I thought of while I was compiling this list. They've always stuck with me.
What you said there, about the story becoming quite horrible, taps into something that I'm always interested in, which is why murder mysteries, and crime novels more generally, are a form of comfort reading. I mean, there's literally a genre called 'cosy mysteries' – but they always seems to involve a grisly murder. Why do you think that is? Is it the satisfaction of there always, always, being a solution – no matter how bad and confusing things get?
It brings order, doesn't it? Somebody dies. Usually – or, not usually, but often – the person is revealed to have had it coming in some way. In a lot of mysteries, they've usually done something to bring this upon themselves, in some capacity. Then it becomes a board game, because a lot of these books make their characters such ciphers. You're not killing a real person, you're killing a collection of ticks and whims and plot secrets.
Christie had a few books when she tried to do more. As she went on, she wrote strange books, where she spends half the book, almost, with the victim before she kills them. I really like that. I want the victim to be a person. I want them to be somebody who you can get to know. But also – it's hard to explain – I like them to have a hand in the resolution of their own crime. A character who knows something's going on, and is trying to do something about it, either by investigating, or knowing what's going on around them and trying to stop it. That's far more interesting to me than somebody who doesn't see it coming, then dies.
©Charlotte Graham
Stuart Turton's debut novel, The Seven Deaths of Evelyn Hardcastle, won the Costa First Novel Award and the Books Are My Bag Readers Award, and was shortlisted for the Specsavers National Book Awards and the British Book Awards Debut of the Year. A Sunday Times bestseller for three weeks, it has been translated into over thirty languages and has also been a bestseller in Italy, Russia and Poland. Stuart lives near London with his wife and daughter.
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Books by Stuart Turton
The 7½ Deaths of Evelyn Hardcastle