Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort
Megan Jarman, Ye Shen, Yan Yuan, Mette Madsen, Paula J Robson, Rhonda C Bell
Applied Health Research Group
Aston Institute of Health & Neurodevelopment
The complexity of human milk-feeding behaviours may not be captured using simpler definitions of "exclusive" and "non-exclusive" breastfeeding. New definitions have been suggested to describe variation in these behaviours more fully but have not been widely applied. We applied the new definitions to data derived from 3-day human milk-feeding diaries. Participants (n = 1091) recorded the number, beginning/end time, and modes of feeding of infants aged 3 months. Data were used to create six exclusive groups according to feeding mode(s): (1) human milk at-breast only; (2) human milk at-breast and human milk in a bottle; (3) human milk at-breast and infant formula in a bottle; (4) human milk at-breast and human milk and infant formula mixed in the same bottle; (5) human milk at-breast, human milk in a bottle, and infant formula in a bottle (not mixed); and (6) a bottle that sometimes contained human milk and sometimes infant formula (not mixed), never at-breast. Differences in maternal and infant characteristics were examined among groups. Fifty-seven percent fed at-breast only (Group 1). Those in Group 1 spent a similar amount of time feeding directly at-breast (median 132 (IQR 98–172) min/day) as those in Groups 2 (124 (95–158)), 3 (143 (100–190)), and 5 (114 (84–142)) (p > 0.05), indicating that adding bottle feeding did not always reduce the time infants were fed at-breast. Applying new suggested definitions to describe human milk-feeding behaviours from the mothers' perspective highlights the complexity of patterns used and warrants further application and research to explore impacts on health outcomes.
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0658
Copyright © 2022, The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
10.1139/apnm-2021-0658
Applying suggested new terminology for milk feeding in APrON longitudinal pregancy cohort
Copyright © 2022, The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/apnm-2021-0658
Dive into the research topics of 'Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Alberta Medicine & Life Sciences 81%
Human Milk Medicine & Life Sciences 71%
Terminology Medicine & Life Sciences 64%
Pregnancy Outcome Medicine & Life Sciences 64%
Infant Formula Medicine & Life Sciences 21%
Jarman, M., Shen, Y., Yuan, Y., Madsen, M., Robson, P. J., & Bell, R. C. (2023). Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 48(1), 17-26. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0658
Jarman, Megan ; Shen, Ye ; Yuan, Yan et al. / Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort. In: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2023 ; Vol. 48, No. 1. pp. 17-26.
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title = "Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort",
abstract = "The complexity of human milk-feeding behaviours may not be captured using simpler definitions of "exclusive" and "non-exclusive" breastfeeding. New definitions have been suggested to describe variation in these behaviours more fully but have not been widely applied. We applied the new definitions to data derived from 3-day human milk-feeding diaries. Participants (n = 1091) recorded the number, beginning/end time, and modes of feeding of infants aged 3 months. Data were used to create six exclusive groups according to feeding mode(s): (1) human milk at-breast only; (2) human milk at-breast and human milk in a bottle; (3) human milk at-breast and infant formula in a bottle; (4) human milk at-breast and human milk and infant formula mixed in the same bottle; (5) human milk at-breast, human milk in a bottle, and infant formula in a bottle (not mixed); and (6) a bottle that sometimes contained human milk and sometimes infant formula (not mixed), never at-breast. Differences in maternal and infant characteristics were examined among groups. Fifty-seven percent fed at-breast only (Group 1). Those in Group 1 spent a similar amount of time feeding directly at-breast (median 132 (IQR 98–172) min/day) as those in Groups 2 (124 (95–158)), 3 (143 (100–190)), and 5 (114 (84–142)) (p > 0.05), indicating that adding bottle feeding did not always reduce the time infants were fed at-breast. Applying new suggested definitions to describe human milk-feeding behaviours from the mothers{\textquoteright} perspective highlights the complexity of patterns used and warrants further application and research to explore impacts on health outcomes.",
keywords = "Physiology (medical), Nutrition and Dietetics, Physiology, General Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism",
author = "Megan Jarman and Ye Shen and Yan Yuan and Mette Madsen and Robson, {Paula J} and Bell, {Rhonda C}",
note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.",
doi = "10.1139/apnm-2021-0658",
Jarman, M, Shen, Y, Yuan, Y, Madsen, M, Robson, PJ & Bell, RC 2023, 'Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort', Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 17-26. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0658
Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort. / Jarman, Megan; Shen, Ye; Yuan, Yan et al.
In: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Vol. 48, No. 1, 01.2023, p. 17-26.
T1 - Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort
AU - Jarman, Megan
AU - Shen, Ye
AU - Yuan, Yan
AU - Madsen, Mette
AU - Robson, Paula J
AU - Bell, Rhonda C
N1 - Copyright © 2022, The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
N2 - The complexity of human milk-feeding behaviours may not be captured using simpler definitions of "exclusive" and "non-exclusive" breastfeeding. New definitions have been suggested to describe variation in these behaviours more fully but have not been widely applied. We applied the new definitions to data derived from 3-day human milk-feeding diaries. Participants (n = 1091) recorded the number, beginning/end time, and modes of feeding of infants aged 3 months. Data were used to create six exclusive groups according to feeding mode(s): (1) human milk at-breast only; (2) human milk at-breast and human milk in a bottle; (3) human milk at-breast and infant formula in a bottle; (4) human milk at-breast and human milk and infant formula mixed in the same bottle; (5) human milk at-breast, human milk in a bottle, and infant formula in a bottle (not mixed); and (6) a bottle that sometimes contained human milk and sometimes infant formula (not mixed), never at-breast. Differences in maternal and infant characteristics were examined among groups. Fifty-seven percent fed at-breast only (Group 1). Those in Group 1 spent a similar amount of time feeding directly at-breast (median 132 (IQR 98–172) min/day) as those in Groups 2 (124 (95–158)), 3 (143 (100–190)), and 5 (114 (84–142)) (p > 0.05), indicating that adding bottle feeding did not always reduce the time infants were fed at-breast. Applying new suggested definitions to describe human milk-feeding behaviours from the mothers' perspective highlights the complexity of patterns used and warrants further application and research to explore impacts on health outcomes.
AB - The complexity of human milk-feeding behaviours may not be captured using simpler definitions of "exclusive" and "non-exclusive" breastfeeding. New definitions have been suggested to describe variation in these behaviours more fully but have not been widely applied. We applied the new definitions to data derived from 3-day human milk-feeding diaries. Participants (n = 1091) recorded the number, beginning/end time, and modes of feeding of infants aged 3 months. Data were used to create six exclusive groups according to feeding mode(s): (1) human milk at-breast only; (2) human milk at-breast and human milk in a bottle; (3) human milk at-breast and infant formula in a bottle; (4) human milk at-breast and human milk and infant formula mixed in the same bottle; (5) human milk at-breast, human milk in a bottle, and infant formula in a bottle (not mixed); and (6) a bottle that sometimes contained human milk and sometimes infant formula (not mixed), never at-breast. Differences in maternal and infant characteristics were examined among groups. Fifty-seven percent fed at-breast only (Group 1). Those in Group 1 spent a similar amount of time feeding directly at-breast (median 132 (IQR 98–172) min/day) as those in Groups 2 (124 (95–158)), 3 (143 (100–190)), and 5 (114 (84–142)) (p > 0.05), indicating that adding bottle feeding did not always reduce the time infants were fed at-breast. Applying new suggested definitions to describe human milk-feeding behaviours from the mothers' perspective highlights the complexity of patterns used and warrants further application and research to explore impacts on health outcomes.
KW - Physiology (medical)
KW - Nutrition and Dietetics
KW - Physiology
KW - General Medicine
KW - Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
UR - https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/apnm-2021-0658
U2 - 10.1139/apnm-2021-0658
DO - 10.1139/apnm-2021-0658
Jarman M, Shen Y, Yuan Y, Madsen M, Robson PJ, Bell RC. Applying suggested new terminology and definitions for human milk feeding in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) longitudinal pregnancy cohort. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2023 Jan;48(1):17-26. Epub 2022 Sep 22. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0658