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Estimating canopy cover in forest stands used by Mexican spotted owls: Do stand-exam routines provide estimates comparable to field-based techniques?
Canopy cover has been identified as an important correlate of Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis lucida) habitat, yet management guidelines in a 1995 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl did not address canopy cover. These guidelines emphasized parameters included in U.S. Forest Service stand exams, and...
https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/search?keywords=%22estimation%22&%3Bamp%3Bf%5B0%5D=author_facet%3A%22Laseter%2C%20Stephanie%20%22&%3Bf%5B0%5D=author_facet%3A%22Conner%2C%20Ali%22&f%5B0%5D=author_facet%3A%22Saliendra%2C%20Nicanor%22&f%5B1%5D=author_facet%3A%22Block%2C%20William%22
Joseph L. Ganey; Regis H. Cassidy; William M. Block
Arizona, habitat assessment, methodology, Mexican spotted owl, New Mexico
Res. Pap. RMRS-RP-72. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 8 p.
On measuring bird habitat: influence of observer variability and sample size
We studied the effects of observer variability when estimating vegetation characteristics at 75 0.04-ha bird plots. Observer estimates were significantly different for 31 of 49 variables. Multivariate analyses showed significant interobserver differences for five of the seven classes of variables studied. Variable classes included the height, number, and diameter of...
William M. Block; Kimberly A. With; Michael L. Morrison
bird habitat, habitat measurement, ocular estimation, observer variability, sample size
Condor 89:241-251
Dispersal movements and survival rates of juvenile Mexican Spotted Owls in northern Arizona
We monitored dispersal movements of 19 radiotagged juvenile Mexican Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis Zucida) in northern Arizona during 1994 and 1995. All juveniles initiated dispersal movements in September or October during both years, with most dispersing during September. Initial dispersal movements were rapid and abrupt, but lacked a significant directional...
Joseph L. Ganey; William M. Block; Jill K. Dwyer; Brenda E. Strohmeyer; Jeffrey S. Jenness
Mexican Spotted Owls, Strix occidentalis Zucida, dispersal movements, survival rates
Wilson Bulletin. 110(2): 206-217.
Roost sites of radio-marked Mexican spotted owls in Arizona and New Mexico: sources of variability and descriptive characteristics
To increase understanding of roosting habitat of Mexican Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis lucida) and factors that influence use of roosting habitat, we sampled habitat characteristics at 1790 sites used for roosting by 28 radio-marked Mexican Spotted Owls in three study areas in Arizona and New Mexico. We explored potential patterns of variation in...
Joseph L. Ganey; William M. Block; Rudy M. King
Mexacan Spotted Owl, Strix occidentalis lucida, Arizona, New Mexico, radiotelemtry, repeated measures, roost sites, sources of variation
Journal of raptor research. 34(4): 270-278
Precision gain versus effort with joint models using detection/non‐detection and banding data
Capture-recapture techniques provide valuable information, but are often more cost-prohibitive at large spatial and temporal scales than less?intensive sampling techniques. Model development combining multiple data sources to leverage data source strengths and for improved parameter precision has increased, but with limited discussion on precision gain versus effort....
Jamie S. Sanderlin; William M. Block; Brenda E. Strohmeyer; Victoria A. Saab; Joseph L. Ganey
abundance, data integration, integrated population models, recruitment, study design, survival, western bluebird, wildfire effects
Ecology and Evolution. 9: 804-817.
Effects of different eddy covariance correction schemes on energy balance closure and comparisons with the modified Bowen ratio system
Eddy covariance (EC) and modified Bowen ratio (MBR) systems have been shown to yield subtly different estimates of sensible heat (H), latent heat (LE), and CO2 fluxes (Fc). Our study analyzed the discrepancies between these two systems by first considering the role of the data processing algorithm used to estimate fluxes using EC and later...
Adam Wolf; Nick Saliendra; Kanat Akshalov; Douglas A. Johnson; Emilio Laca
eddy covariance, modified Bowen ratio, flux correction
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 148: 942-952.
Inverse estimation of Vcmax, leaf area index, and the Ball-Berry parameter from carbon and energy fluxes
Canopy fluxes of CO2 and energy can be modeled with high fidelity using a small number of environmental variables and ecosystem parameters. Although these ecosystem parameters are critically important for modeling canopy fluxes, they typically are not measured with the same intensity as ecosystem fluxes. We developed an algorithm to estimate leaf...
Adam Wolf; Kanat Akshalov; Nicanor Saliendra; Douglas A. Johnson; Emilio A. Laca
Journal of geophysical research. Vol. III: 1-18.
Modeling the effects of environmental disturbance on wildlife communities: Avian responses to prescribed fire
Prescribed fire is a management tool used to reduce fuel loads on public lands in forested areas in the western United States. Identifying the impacts of prescribed fire on bird communities in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests is necessary for providing land management agencies with information regarding the effects of fuel reduction on sensitive, threatened,...
Robin E. Russell; J. Andrew Royle; Victoria A. Saab; John F. Lehmkuhl; William M. Block; John R. Sauer
composite analysis, fuel treatments, hierarchical Bayes, point count survey, ponderosa pine, presence-absence data, species richness, WinBUGS
Ecological Applications. 19(5): 1253-1263.
Estimating small mammal abundance on fuels treatment units in southwestern ponderosa pine forests
In many North American forests, post-European settlement fire suppression efforts have resulted in the excessive accumulation of forest fuels and changes to the historic fire regime, thereby increasing the risk of catastrophic wildfires (Cooper 1960; Dodge 1972; Covington and Moore 1994). To reduce this risk, it is necessary to develop treatments that will remove...
Sarah J. Converse; Brett G. Dickson; Gary C. White; William M. Block
Pinus ponderosa, small mammals, trapping, abundance, fire, fuels treatment
In: van Riper, C., III; Cole, K L. eds. The Colorado Plateau: cultural, biological, and physical research. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press. p. 113-120.
Analysing designed experiments in distance sampling
Distance sampling is a survey technique for estimating the abundance or density of wild animal populations. Detection probabilities of animals inherently differ by species, age class, habitats, or sex. By incorporating the change in an observer's ability to detect a particular class of animals as a function of distance, distance sampling leads to density estimates...
Stephen T. Buckland; Robin E. Russell; Brett G. Dickson; Victoria A. Saab; Donal N. Gorman; William M. Block
BACI design, bootstrap, distance sampling, point transect sampling
Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics. 14: 432-442.
Interactions of carbon and water cycles in north temperate wetlands: Modeling and observing the impact of a declining water table trend on regional biogeochemistry
Terrestrial carbon fluxes represent a major source of uncertainty in estimates of future atmospheric greenhouse gas accumulation and consequently models of climate change. In the Upper Great Lakes states (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan), wetlands cover 14% of the land area, and compose up to one third of the land cover in the forest-wetland landscapes that dominate...
Benjamin N. Sulman; Ankur R. Desai; D.S. Mackay; S. Samanta; B.D. Cook; N. Saliendra
In: 18th Conference on Atmospheric BioGeosciences; 2008 April 28-May 2; Orlando, FL. American Meteorological Society.
Design and implementation of monitoring studies to evaluate the success of ecological restoration on wildlife
Restoration projects are often developed with little consideration for understanding their effects on wildlife. We contend, however, that monitoring treatment effects on wildlife should be an integral component of the design and execution of any management activity, including restoration. Thus, we provide a conceptual framework for the design and implementation of...
William M. Block; Alan B. Franklin; James P. Ward; Joseph L. Ganey; Gary C. White
wildlife, monitoring, status and trends, restoration effects, experiments, quasi-experiments, scale
Restoration ecology. 9(3): 293-303
Journal tweaks and pet peeves
You may have noticed in the first issue that I arranged manuscripts a bit differently from how they were presented in the past. In previous issues, papers were arranged largely by taxonomic groups. I deviated from that by grouping papers according to their topical focus. For example, those with a focus on habitat are grouped, as are those focusing on population,...
Journal of Wildlife Management, manuscripts, taxonomic groups, multiple taxa
Journal of Wildlife Management. 76(2): 223.
Comparative habitat use of sympatric Mexican spotted and great horned owls
To provide information on comparative habitat use, we studied radiotagged Mexican spotted owls (Strix occidentalis lucida: n = 13) and great horned owls (Bubo virginianus: n = 4) in northern Arizona. Home-range size (95% adaptive kernel estimate) did not differ significantly between species during either the breeding or nonbreeding...
Joseph L. Ganey; William M. Block; Jeffrey S. Jenness; Randolph A. Wilson
Arizona, Bubo virginianus, great horned owl, habitat use, home range, Mexican spotted owl, pine-oak forest, radiotelemetry, Strix occidentalis lucida
Journal of Wildlife Research. 2(2): 115-123.
Scaling-up of CO2 fluxes to assess carbon sequestration in rangelands of Central Asia
Flux towers provide temporal quantification of local carbon dynamics at specific sites. The number and distribution of flux towers, however, are generally inadequate to quantify carbon fluxes across a landscape or ecoregion. Thus, scaling up of flux tower measurements through use of algorithms developed from remote sensing and GIS data is needed for spatial...
Bruce K. Wylie; Tagir G. Gilmanov; Douglas A. Johnson; Nicanor Z. Saliendra; Larry L. Tieszen; Ruth Anne F. Doyle; Emilio A. Laca
Kazakhstan, carbon sinks, carbon sources, carbon dynamics, Northern Great Plains
In: Bedunah, Donald J., McArthur, E. Durant, and Fernandez-Gimenez, Maria, comps. 2006. Rangelands of Central Asia: Proceedings of the Conference on Transformations, Issues, and Future Challenges. 2004 January 27; Salt Lake City, UT. Proceeding RMRS-P-39. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. p. 111-119
Home range, habitat use, survival, and fecundity of Mexican spotted owls in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico
We studied home range, habitat use, and vital rates of radio-marked Mexican spotted owls (Strix occidentalis lucida) in 2 study areas in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico. One study area (mesic) was dominated by mixed-conifer forest, the other (xeric) by ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest and pinon (P. edulis)-juniper (Juniperus) woodland. Based on existing...
Joseph L. Ganey; William M. Block; James P. Ward; Brenda E. Strohmeyer
Strix occidentalis lucida, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus edulis, Juniperus, home range, habitat selection, survival, fecundity, New Mexico
The Southwestern Naturalist. 50(3): 323-333.
Dietary overlap between sympatric Mexican spotted and great horned owls in Arizona
We estimated diet composition of sympatric Mexican spotted (Strix occidentalis lucida, n = 7 pairs of owls) and great horned owls (Bubo virginianus, n = 4 pairs) in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) - Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) forest, northern Arizona. Both species preyed on mammals...
Joseph L. Ganey; William M Block
Arizona, diet, food niche breadth, great horned owl, Mexican spotted owl, niche overlap, null models, overlap, prey
Research Paper RMRS-RP-57. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Departmemt of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 9 p.
Associations among breeding birds and gambel oak in Southwestern ponderosa pine forests
Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests with Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) are associated with higher bird abundance and diversity than are ponderosa pine forests lacking Gambel oak. Little is known, however, about specific structural characteristics of Gambel oak trees, clumps, and stands that may be important to birds in...
Stephanie Jentsch; R. William Mannan; Brett G. Dickson; William M. Block
avian species richness, black-headed grosbeak, breeding birds, Gambel oak, habitat, ponderosa pine, red-faced warbler, Virginia's warbler, yellow-rumped warbler
Jentsch, Stephanie; Mannan, R. William; Dickson, Brett G.; Block, William M. 2008. Associations among breeding birds and gambel oak in Southwestern ponderosa pine forests. Journal of Wildlife Management. 72(4): 994-1000.
Quantifying the multi-scale response of avifauna to prescribed fire experiments in the southwest United States
Landscape-scale disturbance events, including ecological restoration and fuel reduction activities, can modify habitat and affect relationships between species and their environment. To reduce the risk of uncharacteristic stand-replacing fires in the southwestern United States, land managers are implementing restoration and fuels treatments (e.g., mechanical thinning,...
Brett G. Dickson; Barry R. Noon; Curtis H. Flather; Stephanie Jentsch; William M. Block
BACI design, birds, density, distance sampling, fire severity, forest structure, fuel reduction treatments, model selection, ponderosa pine, prescribed fire, restoration, scale
Mexican spotted owl home range and habitat use in pine-oak forest: Implications for forest management
To better understand the habitat relationships of the Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis lucida), and how such relationships might influence forest management, we studied home-range and habitat use of radio-marked owls in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) forest. Annual home-range size (95% adaptive-kernel estimate) averaged 895 ha...
gambel oak, habitat use, home range, Mexican spotted owl, pine-oak forest, ponderosa pine, radio telemetry
Forest Science. 45(1): 127-135.