Fritz Machlup (*15 de diciembre 1902 – 30 de enero 1983) fue un economista austro-estadounidense, notable por ser uno de los primeros de su disciplina en examinar el conocimiento como un recurso.

Biografía 
Nació en Wiener Neustadt en 1902. Obtuvo su doctorado en la Universidad de Viena. En 1933 abandonó la Alemania nazi y emigró a los Estados Unidos. En 1940 adquirió la nacionalidad estadounidense. A principios de los 1960s Machlup formó el Grupo Bellagio, directo predecesor del Grupo de los treinta, al cual se unió en 1979.

Su obra clave es The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United States (1962), a través de la cual popularizó el concepto de sociedad de la información. Además, apenas poco antes de su deceso completó Knowledge: Its Creation, Distribution, and Economic Significance, el tercero de una serie de diez volúmenes planeada colectivamente.

libros  
 Die Goldkernwährung, 1925. (disertación bajo Ludwig von Mises)
 Transfer and Price Effects, 1930, ZfN
 The Stock Market, Credit and Capital Formation, 1931
 The Liquidity of Short-Term Capital, 1932, Economica
 A Note on Fixed Costs, 1934, Quarterly Journal of Economics (QJE)
 Professor Knight and the Period of Production, 1935, Journal of Political Economy (JPE)
 The Commonsense of the Elasticity of Substitution, 1935, Review of Economic Studies (RES)
 The Rate of Interest as Cost Factor and as a Capitalization Factor, 1935, American Economic Review (AER)
 Why Bother with Methodology?, 1936, Economica
 On the Meaning of Marginal Product, 1937, Explorations in Economics
 Monopoly and Competition: A clarification of market positions, 1937, AER
 Evaluation of Practical Significance of the Theory of Monopolistic Competition, 1939, AER
 Period Analysis and Multiplier Theory, 1939, QJE
 The Theory of Foreign Exchange, 1939-40, Economica
 Eight Questions on Gold, 1941, AER
 Forced or Induced Savings: An exploration into its synonyms and homonyms, 1943, Review of Economics & Statistics (REStat)
 International Trade and the National Income Multiplier, 1943
 Marginal Analysis and Empirical Research, 1946, AER
 A Rejoinder to an Anti-Marginalist, 1947, AER
 Monopolistic Wage Determination as a Part of the General Problem of Monopoly, 1947, in Wage Determination and the Economics of Liberalism
 Elasticity Pessimism in International Trade, 1950, Economia Internazionale
 Three Concepts of the Balance of Payments and the So-Called Dollar Shortage, 1950, The Economic Journal (EJ).
 Schumpeter's Economic Methodology, 1951, REStat.
 The Political Economy of Monopoly, 1952
 The Characteristics and Classification of Oligopoly, 1952, Kyklos
 The Economics of Sellers' Competition, 1952.
 Dollar Shortage and Disparities in the Growth of Productivity, 1954, Scottish JPE
 The Problem of Verification in Economics, 1955, Southern EJ
 Characteristics and Types of Price Discrimination, 1955, in Stigler, editor, Business Concentration and Price Policies
 Relative Prices and Aggregate Spending in the Analysis of Devaluation, 1955, AER
 The Inferiority Complex of the Social Sciences, 1956, in Sennholz, editor, On Freedom and Free Enterprise
 The Terms-of-Trade Effects of Devaluation upon Real Income and the Balance of Trade, 1956, Kyklos
 Professor Hicks' Revision of Demand Theory, 1957, AER
 Disputes, Paradoxes and Dilemmas Concerning Economic Development, 1957, RISE
 Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: Misplaced concreteness and disguised politics, 1958, EJ
 Can There Be Too Much Research?, 1958, Science
 Structure and Structural Change: Weaselwords and jargon, 1958, ZfN
 The Optimum Lag of Imitation Behind Innovation, 1958, Festskrift til Frederik Zeuthen
 Statics and Dynamics: Kaleidoscopic words, 1959, Southern EJ
 Micro and Macro-Economics: Contested boundaries and claims of superiority, 1960
 Operational Concepts and Mental Constructs in Model and Theory Formation, 1960, GdE
 The Supply of Inventors and Inventions, 1960, WWA.
 Another View of Cost-Push and Demand-Pull Inflation, 1960, REStat
 Are the Social Sciences Really Inferior?, 1961, Southern EJ.
 The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United States, 1962
 Essays in Economic Semantics, 1963
 Why Economists Disagree, 1964, Proceedings of APS.
 International Payments, Debts and Gold, 1964
 The Cloakroom Rule of International Reserve Creation and Resources Transfer, 1965, QJE
 Adjustment, Compensatory Correction and Financing of Imbalances in International Payments, 1965, in Baldwin et al., Trade, Growth and the Balance of Payments
 The Need for Monetary Reserves, 1966, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review (BNLQR)
 Operationalism and Pure Theory in Economics, in Krupp, editor, The Structure of Economics.
 Corporate Management, National Interest and Behavioral Theory, 1967, JPE
 Theories of the Firm: Marginalist, behavioral and managerial, 1967, AER
 If Matter Could Talk, 1969, in Morgenbesser et al., editors, Philosophy, Science and Methodology
 Liberalism and Choice of Freedoms, 1969, in Streissler et al., editors, Roads to Freedom: Essays in honor of Friedrich A. von Hayek
 Eurodollar Creation: A mystery story, 1970, BNLQR
 Homo Oeconomicus and His Class Mates, 1970, in Natanson, editor, Phenomenology and Social Reality
 The Universal Bogey, 1972, in Preston and Corry, editors, Essays in Honor of Lord Robbins
 Friedrich von Hayek's Contributions to Economics, 1974, Swedish JE
 A History of Thought on Economic Integration, 1977, Columbia University Press

Véase también 
 Vida media del conocimiento
 Caída exponencial del conocimiento

Referencias 

Economistas de Austria
Profesores de Estados Unidos
Economistas de la escuela austriaca
Nacidos en Wiener Neustadt
Fallecidos en Princeton (Nueva Jersey)