But this isn't just your basic worry when entering a new social situation or the butterflies one feels when standing up in front of a group of people. This type of fear is paralyzing to the point of social withdrawal and isolation from family and friends. And it persists even when one recognizes the worry is excessive or unreasonable.
Many patients with SAD report symptoms began in early childhood. As children they appeared extremely shy, socially inhibited, or suffered from performance anxiety when speaking in front of the class. In adulthood, symptoms usually present as typical signs of an anxiety disorder, such as racing heart or heart palpitations or heart constriction, sweating, nausea, dizziness, shaking and a sense of panic. These signs most often occur with the anticipation of a social event, or the requirement of speaking in front of a group.
Two types of treatment are typically used in treating SAD. Medications, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), and serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have the highest rates of efficacy in treating this particular disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a specific type of therapy that is also effective in interrupting the cycle of apprehension, avoidance and anxiety. Studies show each treatment method is equally effective in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life for those who suffer.