The Constitution is a body of law according to which the country is governed. Our constitution contains our national goals such as Democracy, Secularism and Socialism. To achieve these goals it gives a plan of government. In addition, our constitution enumerates our constitutional rights and duties.
A constitution Assembly was constituted on 9th December 1946 to frame a new constitution for India. The members of the Constitution Assembly were 308 and the temporary chairam of the Constitutional Assembly was Sachidanand Sinha. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was made the chairman of the Constitutional Assembly on 11th December 1946. The drafting committee was appointed to draft tthe constitution. The chairman of the drafting committee was Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. It tooks 2 Years 11 months, 18 days to frame out the constituent assembly to complete its work.
The constitution was passed by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949, In 1949 some part of its was enforced on the day and the whole constitution came into being on 26th January 1950. On that day India became a Republic. Since then this day is celebrated as the Republic day for the whole nation.
With the following points our Constitutions opens - We the people of India, having solemnly resolved to constituted India into a SOVEREIGN, SOCIALIST, SECULAR, DEMOCRACY, REPUBLIC and to secure and political. It comes under Article 32 which is also known as The Heart and Soul of the Constitution.
It is federal in nature with unitary features.
The President of India is the constitutional head of executive of the Union.
The real executive power vests in the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister and it responsible for the Lok Sabha.
Directive Principle of State Policy are incorporated.
It is the longest written Constitution in the world.
It consists of 395 Articles, 22 Parts and 8 Schedules at the time of Commencements.
Currently It consists of 448 Articles, 25 Parts, 12 Schedule and 98 Amendments.
It is neither too rigit nor to flexible.
It gurantees single citizenships to all citizens.
It established the parliamentary system of Government in India.
It established an independent Judiciary, The Supreme Court (New Delhi) acts as a guardian of the Constitution of India.
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