Billings Life: The Billings Ovulation Method
Achieve Pregnancy
How the Billings Ovulation Method® Can Help
Guidelines to Achieve Pregnancy
Success in Achieving Pregnancy
What is Infertility?
Causes of infertility
Prevent Pregnancy
10 reasons to use the BOM to prevent pregnancy
4 Simple Rules to Prevent Pregnancy
Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy
Life Situations
Irregular Cycles? Stressed?
Breastfeeding?
Coming off the Pill
Approaching menopause?
Safeguard Reproductive Health
Using the Billings Ovulation Method® to Safeguard Reproductive Health
Normal Irregularities in your Chart
Normal Types of Bleeding
PCOS and Other Hormonal Disorders
Infections, Endometriosis
Polyps, Fibroids and Cancers
About the Billings Ovulation Method®
What is the Billings Ovulation Method®?
Natural Signal of Fertility
The 4 Simple Rules of the Billings Ovulation Method®
How Does the Billings Ovulation Method® Work?
Key to Fertility Control - the Mucus
Basic Infertile Pattern
Changing Pattern of Fertility
The Peak of Fertility
The Post-Ovulatory Infertile Phase
Animation: the menstrual cycle and your body's natural signal of fertility - cervical mucus
The Science Behind the Billings Ovulation Method®
Pituitary and Ovarian Hormones
The Cervix
About Billings.LIFE
Billings, E.L. & Westmore, A. (2011). The Billings Method (9th ed.). Melbourne, Australia: Anne O'Donovan Publishing.
Brown, J.B. (2011). Types of ovarian activity in women and their significance: the continuum (a reinterpretation of early findings). Human Reproduction Update, 17(2), 141-158. http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/content/17/2/141.full.pdf+html
Odeblad, E. (2010). Contributions of Cervical Mucus and Vestibular Factors to Peak Sensation. Bulletin of OMR&RCA, 37(2), 2-8.
Odeblad, E. (2009). Some Additional Aspects of the Physiology of the Mucus Symptom. Bulletin of OMR&RCA, 36(3), 2-7.
Odeblad, E. (2009). The Possible Existence and Role of Mucus-like Secretion in the Vulvar Region. Bulletin of OMR&RCA, 36(2), 2-4.
Corkill M., & Marshell M. (2008, December 19). Natural fertility regulation – the Billings Ovulation Method. Australian Doctor, How to Treat.
Click here for the Australian Doctor article
Vigil P., Ceric, F., Cortes, M., & Klaus, H. (2006). Usefulness of Monitoring Fertility from Menarche. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 19(3), 173-179.
Ceric, F., Silva, D., & Vigil, P. (2005). Ultrastructure of the human periovulatory cervical mucus. Journal of Electron Microscopy, 54(5): 479-484.
Blackwell, L.F., Brown, J.B., Vigil, P., Gross, B., Sufi, S., & d'Argangues, C. (2003). Hormonal monitoring of ovarian activity using the Ovarian Monitor. Part I. Validation of home and laboratory results obtained during ovulatory cycles by comparison with radio immunoassay. Steroids, 68(5), 465-476.
Menarguez, M., Pastor, L.M., & Odeblad, E. (2003). Morphological characterization of different human cervical mucus types using light and scanning electron microscopy. Human Reproduction, 18(9), 1782-1789.
Odeblad, E. (2002). Investigations on the Physiological Basis for Fertility Awareness. Bulletin of OMR&RCA, 29(1), 2-11.
Odeblad, E. (1997). Cervical mucus and their function. Journal of the Irish Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons 26(1), 27-32.
Odeblad, E. (1994). The discovery of different types of cervical mucus and the Billings Ovulation Method. Bulletin of the Natural Family Planning Council of Victoria, 21(3), 3-34.
Morales, P., Rocco, M., & Vigil, P. (1993). Human cervical mucus relationship between biochemical characteristics and ability to allow migration of spermatozoa. Human Reproduction, 8(1), 78-83.
Blackwell, L.F., & Brown, J.B. (1992). Application of time-series analysis for the recognition of increases in urinary estrogens as markers for the beginning of the potentially fertile period. Steroids, 57(11), 554-562.
Vigil, P., Perez, A., Neira, J., & Morales, P. (1991). Post-partum cervical mucus: biological and rheological properties. Human Reproduction 6(4), 475-479.
Brown, J.B., Blackwell, L.F., Holmes, J., & Smyth, K. (1989). New assays for identifying the fertile period. Supplement to International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 1, 111-128.
Barros, C., Arguello, B., Jedlicki, A., Vigil, P. & Herrera, E. (1985). Scanning electron microscope study on human cervical mucus. Gamete Research, 12(1), 85-89.
Brown, J.B., Harrisson, P., & Smith, M.A. (1985). A study of returning fertility after childbirth, during lactation, by measurement of urinary oestrogen and pregnanediol excretion and cervical mucus production. Journal of Biosocial Science Supplement, 9, 5-23.
Brown, J.B. (1981). Correlation between the mucus symptoms and the hormonal markers of fertility throughout reproductive life. Melbourne, Australia: Advocate Press.
Odeblad, E. (1977). Physical properties of cervical mucus. In M. Elstein & D.V. Parke (Eds.), Mucus in Health and Disease (pp. 217-225). New York: Plenum Press.
Billings, E.L., Billings, J.J., Brown, J.B., & Burger, H.G. (1972). Symptoms and hormonal changes accompanying ovulation. Lancet, 299(7745), 282-284.
Odeblad, E. (1968). The functional structure of human cervical mucus. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 47(S1), 57-79.
Odeblad, E. (1960). Discussion: The physics of the cervical mucus. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 39(S1), 126-127.
Odeblad, E. (1959). The physics of the cervical mucus. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 38(S1), 44-58.
Trials of Billings Ovulation Method:
Qian, S.Z., Zhang, D.W, Zuo, H.Z, Lu, R.K., Peng, L., & He, C.H. (2000). Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Natural Fertility Regulation Programme in China. Bulletin of OMR&RCA, 27(4), 17-22.
Indian Council of Medical Research Task Force on Natural Family Planning. (1996). Field Trial of Billings Ovulation Method of Natural Family Planning. Contraception, 53(2), 69-74.
Thapa, S., Wonga, M.V., Lampe, P.G., Pietojo, H., & Soejoenoes, A. (1990). Efficacy of Three Variations of Periodic Abstinence for Family Planning in Indonesia. Studies in Family Planning, 21(6), 327-334.
World Health Organisation. (1984). Prospective multicentre trial of the Ovulation Method of Natural Family Planning IV. The Outcome of Pregnancy. Fertility and Sterility, 41, 593-598.
World Health Organisation. (1983). Prospective multicentre trial of the Ovulation Method of Natural Family Planning III. Characteristics of the Menstrual Cycle and of the Fertile Phase. Fertility and Sterility, 40, 773-778.
World Health Organisation. (1981). Prospective multicentre trial of the Ovulation Method of Natural Family Planning II. The Effectiveness Phase. Fertility and Sterility, 36, 591-598.
World Health Organisation Task Force on Methods for the Determination of the Fertile Period, Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction. (1981). Prospective multicentre trial of the Ovulation Method of Natural Family Planning. I. The Teaching Phase. Fertility and Sterility, 36, 152-158.
Weissman, M.C., Foliaki, J., Billings, E.L., & Billings, J.J. (1972). A Trial of the Ovulation Method of family planning in Tonga. Lancet, 300, 813-816.
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