Int. J. Biosci. 10(1), 232-241, January 2017.
The perceptible growth delays and financial losses in the Beninese cuniculture farms are often the result of inadequate feeding and high mortality rates. The aim of this study was to contribute to improve the zootechnical performances and the profitability of the cuniculture farms. Thus, a trial was carried out on four lots of 28 rabbits (male and female) aged from 35 to 40 days with homogeneous average weights (456.155±0.355 g).Each lot was fed with a specific amount (0%, 1%, 3% and 5%) of food supplied with palm oil. After 63 days of experimentation, no difference (p>0.05) was observed between ingestions, daily average gain and consumption indices of the different lots. However, during the last five weeks of the experiment, there was recorded higher (p<0.05) intake among animal fed with 3% of palm oil (93.06 g) in comparison to those fed with a supply of 0% (85.74 g), 1% (88.49 g) and 5% (91.31 g). Considering, the initial tested animal number, the average mortality rate recorded is equivalent to 12.5%. The health risk indexes of the four foods were as follows: 46.43% (+0% of palm oil), 28.59%(+1% of palm oil), 10.74%(+3% of palm oil) and 17.41% (+5% of palm oil). To end, the minimum financial losses related to mortality in lot feed without palm oil supply (0%) were equivalent to 46.72% of total (~16696FCFA) where30.77% (+1% of palm oil), 8.45% (+3% of palm oil) and 14.06% (+5% of palm oil) were recorded for the other lots. The palm red oil (at 3%) contributes to the improvement of animal health and reduces financial losses related to mortality.
granulés contenant du Pueraria phaseoloides. Tropicultura 30, 161-166.
Choi YS, Ahn C, Ree HI, Choe M, Kim CH, Kim JD, Lee SY, Sugano M. 1993. Comparative effects of dietary palm oil, perila oil and soybean oil on lipid profiles in differently aged rats fed on hypocholesterolemic diets. Biosciences Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 57, 65-68.
Cobos A, de la Hoz L, Cambero I, Ordóñez JA. 1994. Fatty acid composition of meat from rabbits fed diets with high levels of fat. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 7, 291-300.
Corrent E, Launay C, Troislouches G, Viard F, Davoust C, Leroux C. 2007. Impact d'une substitution d'amidon par des lipides sur l'indice de consommation du lapin en fin d'engraissement. In 12ème journées de la recherche cunicole, le Mans, France.
Cottrell RC. 1991. Nutritional aspects of palm oil. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 53, S 989 – 1009.
Crevel RW, Saul JA. 1992. Review linoleic acid and the immune response. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 46, 847-855.
Cuniculture Magazine. 2005. Productivity and profitability of professional rabbit farms in 2003. Cuniculture Magazine 32, 14-17.
Dahouda M, Adjolohoun S, Sènou M, Toleba SS, Abou M, Vidjannagni DS, Kpodékon M, Youssao AKI. 2013. Effets des aliments contenant les folioles de Moringa oleifera Lam et des aliments commerciaux sur les performances de croissance des lapins (Oryctolagus cuniculus) et la qualité de la viande. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 7, 1838-1852.
Djago AY, Kpodékon M, Lebas F. 2007. Méthodes et techniques d'élevage du lapin : élevage en milieu tropicale. Availableonline.
Djossa AB. 1995. La croissance de lapin en climat tropical: comparaison d'un aliment composé local et d'un aliment commercial importé sur des lapins locaux et des lapins néo-zélandais importés. EPAC/UAC (Bénin), 102p.
Drogul C, Gadoud R, Joseph M, Jussiau R, Lisberney MJ, Margeol B, Tarrit A. 2009. Nutrition et Alimentation des Animaux d'Elevage (Tome 2). Edition EducAgri : France ; 312 p.
Engelberts I, Sundaram K, Van Houwelingin C, Hornstra G, Kester ADM, Ceska M, Francot GJM, Van Der Linden J, Buurman WA. 1993. The effect of replacement of dietary fat by palm oil in vitro cytokine release. British Journal of Nutrition 69, 159-167.
Fortun-Lamothe L, Gidenne T. 2003. Besoins nutritionnels du lapereau et stratégies d'alimentation autour du sevrage. INRA Production Animale 16, 39-47.
Gidenne T, Aubert C, Drouillhet L, Garreau H. 2013. L'efficacité alimentaire en cuniculture: impacts technico-économiques et environnementaux. In 15 èmes Journées de la Recherche Cunicole, 19-20 novembre 2013, Le Mans, France.
Lamothe L. 2009. Interaction entre la stratégie de restriction et la concentration énergétique de l'aliment: Impact sur la croissance et la santé du lapin. Premiers résultats. In: 13ème Journées de la Recherche Cunicole, 17-18 nov. 2009, Le Mans, France.
Gidenne T, Lebas F. 2005. Le comportement alimentaire du lapin. In 11èmesJournées de la Recherche Cunicole, 29-30 novembre 2005, Paris, France.
Gidenne T, Pinheiro V, Falcao E, Cunha L. 2000. A comprehensive approach of the rabbit digestion: consequences of a reduction in dietary fiber supply. Livestock Production Science 64, 225-237.
Gidenne T. 1995. Effect of fiber level reduction and gluco-oligo-saccharide addition on the growth performance and caecal fermentation in the growing rabbit. Animal Feed Science and Technology 56, 253-263.
Goh SH, Hew HF, Norhanom AW, Yadav M. 1994. Inhibition of tumor promotion by various palm-oil tocotrienols. International Journal of Cancer 57, 529-531.
Hachicha SF, Barrek S, Skanji T, Ghrabi ZG, Zarrouk H. 2007. Composition chimique de l'huile des graines d'Onopordon nervosum subsp. Platylepis Murb (Astéracées). Journal de la Société Chimique de Tunisie 9, 23-28.
Hasselwander O, Kramer K, Hoppe PP. 2002.Effects of feeding various tocotrienol sources on plasma lipids and aortic atherosclerotic lesions in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Food Research Internationa l35, 245-251.
Houndonougbo MF, Chrysostome CAAM, Attakpa SE, Sezan A, Dehou HB. 2014. Growth Performance of Rabbits Fed Palm-Press Fibers-Based Diets. ISRN Veterinary Science,2012, Article ID 915729, 5 pages.
Kelly DS, Nelson GJ, Serrato CM, Schmid TPC, Branch LB. 1988. Effects of type of dietary fat on indices of immune status of rabbits. Journal of Nutrition 118, 1376-1384.
Klasing KC, Leshchinsky TV. 2000. Interactions between nutrition and immunity. In: Gershwin ME, German JB, Keen CL, Ed. Nutrition and Immunology: principles and Practice. Humana Press, 363-373.
Knudsen C, Combes S, Briens C, Duperray J, Rebours G, Salaün JM, Travel A, Weissman D, Gidenne T. 2013. Ingestion restreinte et concentration énergétique de l'aliment : Impact sur la santé, les performances et le rendement à l'abattage du lapin. In: 15ème Journéede la Recherche Cunicoles, G. Bolet (Ed), Le Mans, France.
Kpodékon M, Youssao AKI, Koutinhouin GB, Baba IL, Dessou JM, Djago Y. 2009. Effet de la granulation sur les performances de croissance, l'efficacité alimentaire et la viabilité des lapereaux en condition d'élevage tropical. Revue d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux 62, 75-80.
Kusum R, Bommayya H, Fayaz Pasha P, Ramachandran HD. 2011.Palm oil and rice bran oil: Current status and future prospects. International Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 3, 125-132.
Lessire M. 1999. The digestibility of fatty acids. INRA Productions Animales 14, 365-370.
Omole TA, Owudike OO. 1983. Effect of palm oil use of cassava peel meal by rabbits. Tropical Animal Production. 27-32.
Pérez JM, Gidenne T, Bouvarel I, Arveux P, Bourdillon A, Briens C, Le Naour J, Messager B, Mirabito L. 2000. Replacement of digestible fiber by starch in the diet of the growing rabbit. II. Effects on performances and mortality by diarrhoea. Annales de Zootechnie 49, 369-377.
Pla M, Cervera C. 1997. Carcass and meat quality of rabbits given diets having a high level of vegetable and animal fat. Animal Science 65, 299-303.
Qureshi AA, Qureshi N, Hasler-Rapacz JO, Weber FE, Chaudhary V, Crenshaw TD, Gapor A, Ong AS, Chong YH, Peterson D, Rapacz J. 1991. Dietary tocotrienols reduce concentrations of plasma cholesterol, Apo lipoprotein B, thromboxane B2 and platelet aggregation factor 4 in pigs with inherited hyperlipidemias. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 53, 1042-1146.
Sauvant D, Perez JM, Tran G. 2004. Tables de composition et de valeur nutritive des matières premières destinées aux animaux d'élevage. 2e édition (revue et corrigée). Edition INRA. 301 p.
Verdelhan S, Bourdillon A, Renouf B, Audoin E. 2005. Effet del'incorporation de 2% d'huile de lin dansl'aliment sur les performances zootechniqueset sanitaires de lapins en croissance, In 11èmes Journées de larecherche cunicole, Paris, France : 209-212.
Wong ML, Timms RE, Goh EM. 1988. Colorimetric determination of total tocopherols in palm oil, olein and stearin. Journal of American Oil Chemists Society 65, 258-261.
D. S. Vidjannagni, S. Toleba, M. Dahouda, H. Sina, A. D. Adénilé, R. Toviwakou, U. Tito, A. Harouna, L. Baba-Moussa, U. Natonnagnon.
Effect of fortified palm oil on growth performance, health and financial losses related to mortality of Rabbits.