Dr. David Gerber, an oncologist and assistant professor of internal medicine, has used the electronic medical records data of more than 400 patients in a single-center study that is further exploring results from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) released in 2010. The NLST already showed a reduction in lung cancer mortality may result in widespread CT-based screening of select populations. This population was strictly defined according to age (55 to 74 years) and smoking history (at least 30 years of one-pack-a-day smoking).
Dr. Gerber and his team, in a study published Dec. 21 in PLoS ONE – the Public Library of Science's online journal, reviewed the records of patients who were diagnosed with Stage 1 or Stage 2 non-small cell lung cancer over a recent 10-year period, and found that the proportion of cases identified by CT scan (without preceding chest X-ray) increased almost 50 percent during this period. Simultaneously, the proportion of patients who underwent initial chest imaging to evaluate symptoms declined more than 30 percent. Finally, the researchers found that only half of early-stage lung cancer cases would meet NLST criteria for lung cancer screening.
Whether radiographic screening for lung cancer should be extended to a broader population is not yet known.
Dr. Gerber pointed out that certain professional organizations, such as the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, have omitted a maximum age cut-off from their screening recommendations.
Other UT Southwestern researchers involved in the study are lead author Dr. Evelyn O. Taiwo, a former hematology-oncology fellow who is now at the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center; Dr. Jeffrey T. Yorio, a former resident of internal medicine who is now a fellow at UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; and Jingsheng Yan, biostatistical consultant III in the Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center.
Visit the Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center to learn more about oncology at UT Southwestern, including highly individualized treatments for cancer at the region's only National Cancer Institute-designated center.