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title: 'A Line-of-Sight Channel Model for the 100–450 Gigahertz Frequency Band'
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Introduction {#section:1}
============

Simplified Molecular Absorption Loss Model {#section:3}
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Numerical Results and Discussion {#section:4}
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Conclusion {#section:5}
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Methods/Experimental
====================

This paper is a purely theoretical model on simple way to estimate the absorption loss. Although theoretical, the original data obtained from the HITRAN database [@HITRAN12] is based on experimental data. The goal in this article is to simplify the complex database approach into simple polynomial equations with only few floating parameters, such as humidity and frequency. As such, the model produced in this paper is suitable for LOS channel loss estimation for various wireless communications systems. Those include back- and fronthaul connectivity and general LOS link channel estimation. The work is heavily based on the HITRAN database and the theoretical models for absorption loss as well as simple LOS free space path loss models.

Abbreviations {#abbreviations .unnumbered}
=============

5G: fifth generation; 6G: sixth generation; B5G: beyond fifth generation; FSPL: free space path loss; HITRAN: high-resolution transmission molecular absorption database; ITU-R: International Telecommunication Union Radio Communication Sector; LOS: line-of-sight; mmWave: millimeter wave; Rx: receiver; Tx: transmitter.

Availability of data and materials {#availability-of-data-and-materials .unnumbered}
==================================

Not applicable.

Competing interests {#competing-interests .unnumbered}
===================

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Funding {#funding .unnumbered}
=======

Author’s contributions {#authors-contributions .unnumbered}
======================

JK derived the molecular absorption loss model. All the authors participated in writing the article and revising the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Authors’ information {#authors-information .unnumbered}
====================

Address of all the authors: Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC), University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4500, 90014 Oulu, Finland.

Emails: forename.surname(at)oulu.fi
