#
SwiftFormer

##
Overview

The SwiftFormer model was proposed in SwiftFormer: Efficient Additive Attention for Transformer-based Real-time Mobile Vision Applications by Abdelrahman Shaker, Muhammad Maaz, Hanoona Rasheed, Salman Khan, Ming-Hsuan Yang, Fahad Shahbaz Khan.

The SwiftFormer paper introduces a novel efficient additive attention mechanism that effectively replaces the quadratic matrix multiplication operations in the self-attention computation with linear element-wise multiplications. A series of models called ‘SwiftFormer’ is built based on this, which achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of both accuracy and mobile inference speed. Even their small variant achieves 78.5% top-1 ImageNet1K accuracy with only 0.8 ms latency on iPhone 14, which is more accurate and 2× faster compared to MobileViT-v2.

The abstract from the paper is the following:

Self-attention has become a defacto choice for capturing global context in various vision applications. However, its quadratic computational complexity with respect to image resolution limits its use in real-time applications, especially for deployment on resource-constrained mobile devices. Although hybrid approaches have been proposed to combine the advantages of convolutions and self-attention for a better speed-accuracy trade-off, the expensive matrix multiplication operations in self-attention remain a bottleneck. In this work, we introduce a novel efficient additive attention mechanism that effectively replaces the quadratic matrix multiplication operations with linear element-wise multiplications. Our design shows that the key-value interaction can be replaced with a linear layer without sacrificing any accuracy. Unlike previous state-of-the-art methods, our efficient formulation of self-attention enables its usage at all stages of the network. Using our proposed efficient additive attention, we build a series of models called “SwiftFormer” which achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of both accuracy and mobile inference speed. Our small variant achieves 78.5% top-1 ImageNet-1K accuracy with only 0.8 ms latency on iPhone 14, which is more accurate and 2x faster compared to MobileViT-v2.

Tips:

- One can use the ViTImageProcessor API to prepare images for the model.

This model was contributed by shehan97. The original code can be found here.

##
SwiftFormerConfig

###
class transformers.SwiftFormerConfig

< source >

( num_channels = 3 depths = [3, 3, 6, 4] embed_dims = [48, 56, 112, 220] mlp_ratio = 4 downsamples = [True, True, True, True] hidden_act = 'gelu' down_patch_size = 3 down_stride = 2 down_pad = 1 drop_path_rate = 0.0 use_layer_scale = True layer_scale_init_value = 1e-05 batch_norm_eps = 1e-05 **kwargs )

Parameters

- num_channels (`int`, optional, defaults to 3) — The number of input channels
- depths (`List[int]`, optional, defaults to `[3, 3, 6, 4]`) — Depth of each stage
- embed_dims (`List[int]`, optional, defaults to `[48, 56, 112, 220]`) — The embedding dimension at each stage
- mlp_ratio (`int`, optional, defaults to 4) — Ratio of size of the hidden dimensionality of an MLP to the dimensionality of its input.
- downsamples (`List[bool]`, optional, defaults to `[True, True, True, True]`) — Whether or not to downsample inputs between two stages.
- hidden_act (`str`, optional, defaults to `"gelu"`) — The non-linear activation function (string). `"gelu"`, `"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` are supported.
- down_patch_size (`int`, optional, defaults to 3) — The size of patches in downsampling layers.
- down_stride (`int`, optional, defaults to 2) — The stride of convolution kernels in downsampling layers.
- down_pad (`int`, optional, defaults to 1) — Padding in downsampling layers.
- drop_path_rate (`float`, optional, defaults to 0.) — Rate at which to increase dropout probability in DropPath.
- use_layer_scale (`bool`, optional, defaults to `True`) — Whether to scale outputs from token mixers.
- layer_scale_init_value (`float`, optional, defaults to 1e-5) — Factor by which outputs from token mixers are scaled.
- batch_norm_eps (`float`, optional, defaults to 1e-5) — The epsilon used by the batch normalization layers.

This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a SwiftFormerModel. It is used to instantiate an SwiftFormer model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the SwiftFormer MBZUAI/swiftformer-xs architecture.

Configuration objects inherit from PretrainedConfig and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the documentation from PretrainedConfig for more information.

Example:

    >>> from transformers import SwiftFormerConfig, SwiftFormerModel

    >>> # Initializing a SwiftFormer swiftformer-base-patch16-224 style configuration
    >>> configuration = SwiftFormerConfig()

    >>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the swiftformer-base-patch16-224 style configuration
    >>> model = SwiftFormerModel(configuration)

    >>> # Accessing the model configuration
    >>> configuration = model.config

##
SwiftFormerModel

###
class transformers.SwiftFormerModel

< source >

( config: SwiftFormerConfig )

Parameters

- config (SwiftFormerConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.

The bare SwiftFormer Model transformer outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top. This model is a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.

####
forward

< source >

( pixel_values: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None ) →
`transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithNoAttention` or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`

Parameters

- pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)`) — Pixel values. Pixel values can be obtained using AutoImageProcessor. See ViTImageProcessor.call() for details.
- output_hidden_states (`bool`, optional) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See `hidden_states` under returned tensors for more detail.
- return_dict (`bool`, optional) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.

Returns

`transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithNoAttention` or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`

A `transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithNoAttention` or a tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (if `return_dict=False` is passed or when `config.return_dict=False`) comprising various elements depending on the configuration (SwiftFormerConfig) and inputs.

- last_hidden_state (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)`) — Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.

- hidden_states (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, optional, returned when `output_hidden_states=True` is passed or when `config.output_hidden_states=True`) — Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each layer) of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)`.

  Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.

The SwiftFormerModel forward method, overrides the `__call__` special method.

Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the `Module` instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.

Example:

    >>> from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, SwiftFormerModel
    >>> import torch
    >>> from datasets import load_dataset

    >>> dataset = load_dataset("huggingface/cats-image")
    >>> image = dataset["test"]["image"][0]

    >>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("MBZUAI/swiftformer-xs")
    >>> model = SwiftFormerModel.from_pretrained("MBZUAI/swiftformer-xs")

    >>> inputs = image_processor(image, return_tensors="pt")

    >>> with torch.no_grad():
    ...     outputs = model(**inputs)

    >>> last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
    >>> list(last_hidden_states.shape)
    [1, 220, 7, 7]

##
SwiftFormerForImageClassification

###
class transformers.SwiftFormerForImageClassification

< source >

( config: SwiftFormerConfig )

Parameters

- config (SwiftFormerConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.

SwiftFormer Model transformer with an image classification head on top (e.g. for ImageNet).

This model is a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.

####
forward

< source >

( pixel_values: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None labels: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None ) →
transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutputWithNoAttention or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`

Parameters

- pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)`) — Pixel values. Pixel values can be obtained using AutoImageProcessor. See ViTImageProcessor.call() for details.
- output_hidden_states (`bool`, optional) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See `hidden_states` under returned tensors for more detail.
- return_dict (`bool`, optional) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
- labels (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(batch_size,)`, optional) — Labels for computing the image classification/regression loss. Indices should be in `[0, ..., config.num_labels - 1]`. If `config.num_labels == 1` a regression loss is computed (Mean-Square loss), If `config.num_labels > 1` a classification loss is computed (Cross-Entropy).

Returns

transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutputWithNoAttention or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`

A transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutputWithNoAttention or a tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (if `return_dict=False` is passed or when `config.return_dict=False`) comprising various elements depending on the configuration (SwiftFormerConfig) and inputs.

- loss (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(1,)`, optional, returned when `labels` is provided) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss.
- logits (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, config.num_labels)`) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax).
- hidden_states (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, optional, returned when `output_hidden_states=True` is passed or when `config.output_hidden_states=True`) — Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each stage) of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)`. Hidden-states (also called feature maps) of the model at the output of each stage.

The SwiftFormerForImageClassification forward method, overrides the `__call__` special method.

Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the `Module` instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.

Example:

    >>> from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, SwiftFormerForImageClassification
    >>> import torch
    >>> from datasets import load_dataset

    >>> dataset = load_dataset("huggingface/cats-image")
    >>> image = dataset["test"]["image"][0]

    >>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("MBZUAI/swiftformer-xs")
    >>> model = SwiftFormerForImageClassification.from_pretrained("MBZUAI/swiftformer-xs")

    >>> inputs = image_processor(image, return_tensors="pt")

    >>> with torch.no_grad():
    ...     logits = model(**inputs).logits

    >>> # model predicts one of the 1000 ImageNet classes
    >>> predicted_label = logits.argmax(-1).item()
    >>> print(model.config.id2label[predicted_label])
    tabby, tabby cat