what is orthogonal testing orthogonality in bias variance tradeoff what is orthogonality in variance tradeoff how to calculate orthogonality in bias variance average testing error is ____ is the average variance for the orthogonal test. what type of function is orthogonality how to find orthogonality in a bias analysis model orthogonality in bias variance tradeoff orthogonale in bias variance tradeoff orthogonal bias variance trade off function orthogonal variability definition why is orthogonality useful orthogonality in bias variance tradeoff orthogonality variance tradeoff orthogonality bias variance tradeoff orthogonality in bias variance tradeoff orthogonality variance tradeoff orthogonality in bias variance tradeoff what is the optimum orthogonality in a bias variance tradeoff