why do you need a causal model do you need a causal model for market price do you need a causal model how many market share would be expected without bop how to estimate the total market income if no bop entered a market does a cosmos need any type of model to predict market cost? why do we need causal models when we do counterfactual predictions? how to model market what is the relationship between the bottom of pyramid market number and the income? how do we calculate market revenue what is the causal relationship between average market price and the number of bop companies? do you need a causal model to do counterfactual prediction how do you calculate total market cost without using a boop does the market have any effect on a counterfactual market? who can be used to predict market price can you predict market income if there are no bop companies does a model need to include endogeneity? what is the difference between causal and counterfactual forecasts? do you have to use the causal model to model the impact of bottom of pyramid companies what is a causal model in economics