mixed effects analysis of a species what is the purpose of mixed-effect modelling which variable is used to compare the response of all species in the model? how to use mixed effect models what is the difference between a paired observation and bounded response variable what type of variable is the aov in a mixed effect what is the variable for paired observations what is a mixed effect model what kind of variable is used in mixed-effect modeling when do i use a paired observation as a response variable how to use boyce response variable how to find the bounded response for mixed-effect modeling why is the auc used in mixed effect modeling paired observations & bounded response variables can model type use boyce what is the auc in mixed effect modeling which variable is paired response variable when paired observation is paired with the response variable, the _______ metric is bounded when you compare different model types how many replicates are made on a model of species to be paired?