why is ecum negative when the equation is uncertain? can i do standar ecm can johansen approch cointegrate what model is cointegration? can an equation for economs be paired and cointegrated what is ecm standar when to use ecm what is the ecm used for in standar bols can an ols equation be a cointegration what is standar ecm when to apply standar ecm what is ecm and cointegration ecm is proving cointegration using what what is the difference between ecm and cointegration can you use johansen approch as a cointegration method what is the definition of ecm in bivariate vs cointegrated why is johansen approch used? what is cointegration and ecm when using johansen approch what is ecm in bivariate what is the difference between ecm vs cointegration