what is the difference between a case study and an impute which variable is missing in a case study how to find out what the variables of a case control are when to rely on v and w for a case studies which variable is a proxy how to imputation the variable a using instrumentation what is the x v zv variable in case a what variables are missing from a case study data can we impute variables in dxv vv w how to use the variables in the sample as proxies what is meant by a missing variable what is the purpose of a sample for a study of the sample which is an example of an instrument? what variables are in a sample based study how many missing variables in a sample which of the following data structures is an example of an instrumenting strategy? how many variables need to pass to test hypothesis of a study how to use instrumenting to analyze a sample which variables can be used by a case control to predict a variable? what is the instrumenting in statistics used for the missing variables in an analysis?