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πŸ—οΈ ArchCAD

πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ English | πŸ‡¨πŸ‡³ δΈ­ζ–‡θ―΄ζ˜Ž

arXiv Code Dataset

A Multimodal CAD Dataset for Vectorized Drawing Understanding

40k Samples Β· 5 Strictly Aligned Modalities Β· Foundational Data for AI Understanding of Engineering Drawings

πŸ“‘ Table of Contents

πŸ“˜ What is ArchCAD?

AI systems have long struggled to interpret and utilize CAD drawings directly β€” a major bottleneck in automation for the construction industry.
ArchCAD aims to address this challenge by providing a large-scale, high-quality CAD dataset with fine-grained, primitive-level annotations.
It serves as a foundation for training AI models with deep multimodal understanding of architectural and engineering drawings.

Each sample is generated through a β€œdrawing slicing” process, where each slice corresponds to a 14m Γ— 14m area of a floor plan, aligned across multiple data modalities.

✨ Key Features

  • 🧠 Rich Multimodal Data: Each sample includes five synchronized data types β€” raster image, SVG, JSON, Q&A, and point cloud.
  • πŸ›οΈ Primitive-Level Annotation: Every geometric entity (e.g., line, arc, circle) within a slice carries both semantic and instance-level labels.
  • 🧩 Strict Data Alignment: All five modalities correspond exactly by filename.

🧩 Dataset Structure

Data Modalities

Each ArchCAD sample provides five data modalities:

  1. Rasterized Images: Standard pixel representation of CAD drawings.
  2. SVG Data (Vector Graphics): Preserves full vector information. 
    <svg>
  <path d="M x1, y1 L x2, y2" semantic="single_door" instance="single_door_23" stroke-width=1>
  <circle cx="x1" cy="y1" fill="none" r="r1" semantic="single_door" instance="single_door_23" stroke-width=1>
  ...
</svg>
  3. JSON Data: Explicit representation of every geometric element as an independent object with all properties stored as key-value pairs.
    [
  {
    "type": "LINE", 
    "linetype": "Continuous", 
    "start": [x1, y1], 
    "end": [x2, y2], 
    "rgb": [0, 0, 0], 
    "semantic": "single_door", 
    "instance": "single_door_23"
  }, 
  {
    "type": "CIRCLE",
    "center": [x1, y1],
    "radius": r1, 
    "semantic": "single_door", 
    "instance": "single_door_23"
  }
]
  4. Q&A Pairs: Automatically generated structured question-answer pairs for each drawing slice.
    • question: How many doors are in the drawing?
      answer: There are 11 doors in total, including 7 single doors, 1 double door, 1 parent-child door, and 2 other types.
    • question: What are the coordinates of the staircase?
      answer: The bounding box of the staircase has vertices at (0, 624), (104, 624), (104, 827), (0, 827).
  5. Point Cloud Data: Key control points from geometric primitives (e.g., lines, arcs, circles) represented as 2D point clouds with class labels.

Annotations

Each geometric primitive in ArchCAD carries semantic information, and countable entities additionally have instance-level labels:

  • semantic: the semantic class of the primitive (mapping provided below).
  • instance: a unique identifier shared by all primitives belonging to the same object instance.
ID Name Countable
0 Axis & Grid No
1 Single Door Yes
2 Double Door Yes
3 Parent-Child Door Yes
4 Other Door Yes
5 Elevator Yes
6 Staircase Yes
7 Sink Yes
8 Urinal Yes
9 Toilet Yes
10 Bathtub Yes
11 Squat Toilet Yes
12 Other Fixtures No
13 Drain No
14 Table Yes
15 Chair Yes
16 Bed Yes
17 Sofa Yes
18 Hole Yes
19 Glass No
20 Wall No
21 Concrete Column Yes
22 Steel Column Yes
23 Concrete Beam No
24 Steel Beam No
25 Parking Space Yes
26 Foundation No
27 Pile Yes
28 Rebar No
29 Fire Hydrant Yes
100 Others No

πŸ“š Citation

If you use ArchCAD in your research, please cite the following paper:

@article{Luo2025ArchCAD,
  title={ArchCAD-400K: An Open Large-Scale Architectural CAD Dataset and New Baseline for Panoptic Symbol Spotting},
  author={Luo R, Liu Z, Cheng T, et al.},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.22346},
  year={2025}
}
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