agreement in the judgment or opinion reached by a group as a whole

the lack of consensus reflected differences in theoretical positions


general agreement reached by an assembled group

no vote was taken, but after each discussion the chair summed up the sense of the meeting


an implicit agreement among people that results in the organization of society; individual surrenders liberty in return for protection


a disturbance of the peace or of public order


a state of lawlessness and disorder (usually resulting from a failure of government)


complete denial of all established authority and institutions


a deficiency of some cellular element of the blood


an abnormally low number of red blood cells in the blood


an abnormal deficiency in all blood cells (red blood cells and white blood cells and platelets); usually associated with bone marrow tumor or with aplastic anemia


the ability to develop an immune response following exposure to an antigen


immunological disorder in which some part of the body's immune system is inadequate and resistance to infectious diseases is reduced


lowering the body's normal immune response to invasion by foreign substances; can be deliberate (as in lowering the immune response to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ) or incidental (as a side effect of radiotherapy or chemotherapy for cancer)


(immunology) the degree to which the body's immune system will try to reject foreign material (as transfused blood or transplanted tissue)


incompatibility in which one person's tissue cannot be transplanted to another person


incompatibility of Rh blood types; a transfusion of Rh-positive blood given to a Rh-negative person (or vice versa) can result in hemolysis and anemia


disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably


his inconsistency resulted in the demoralization of his staff


he was awakened by the bluster of their preparations


oewn-chaos-n oewn-pandemonium-n oewn-bedlam-n oewn-topsy-turvydom-n oewn-topsy-turvyness-n

a state of extreme confusion and disorder


a word for chaos or fiasco borrowed from modern Hebrew (where it is a loan word from Russian)


he engaged in the hugger-mugger of international finance


(Yiddish) a confused situation or affair; a mess


a state of disorder involving group violence


oewn-rowdiness-n oewn-rowdyism-n oewn-roughness-n oewn-disorderliness-n


oewn-disturbance-n oewn-disruption-n oewn-commotion-n oewn-flutter-n oewn-hurly_burly-n oewn-to-do-n oewn-hoo-ha-n oewn-hoo-hah-n oewn-kerfuffle-n

they were amazed by the furious disturbance they had caused


a disturbance that is extremely disruptive

selling the company caused an earthquake among the employees


the police investigated an incident at the bus station


a prominent or sensational but short-lived news event

he made a great splash and then disappeared


the storms that had characterized their relationship had died away


oewn-tumult-n oewn-tumultuousness-n oewn-uproar-n oewn-garboil-n

a state of commotion and noise and confusion


a state of violent disturbance and excitement

combustion grew until revolt was unavoidable


a state of violent disturbance and disorder (as in politics or social conditions generally)

the industrial revolution was a period of great turbulence


oewn-agitation-n oewn-ferment-n oewn-fermentation-n oewn-tempestuousness-n oewn-unrest-n

a state of agitation or turbulent change or development

the political ferment produced new leadership


anything characterized by abrupt and extreme changes (especially up and down)

the economy has been on a roller coaster all year


a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc.


the sea hurled itself in thundering rage against the rocks


feelings of hostility that are not manifest

he could sense her latent hostility to him


a state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests

his conflict of interest made him ineligible for the post


her dress was a disturbing clash of colors


a legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration during which the international rules of war apply

war was declared in November but actual fighting did not begin until the following spring


a war instigated by a major power that does not itself participate


actual fighting between the warring parties


a state of political hostility between countries using means short of armed warfare


a state of political hostility that existed from 1945 until 1990 between countries led by the Soviet Union and countries led by the United States


a conflict of people's opinions or actions or characters


lack of unity (usually resulting from dissension)


a serious disagreement between two groups of people (typically producing tension or hostility)


the degree of visibility of your environment


oewn-total_darkness-n oewn-lightlessness-n oewn-blackness-n oewn-pitch_blackness-n oewn-black-n


darkness resulting from the extinction of lights (as in a city invisible to enemy aircraft)


gloomy semidarkness caused by cloud cover


relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body


a region of complete shadow resulting from total obstruction of light


a fringe region of partial shadow around an umbra


the state of being indistinct or indefinite for lack of adequate illumination


the state of a person's emotions (especially with regard to pleasure or dejection)

his emotional state depended on her opinion


the state of being embarrassed (usually by some financial inadequacy)

he is currently suffering financial embarrassments


oewn-ecstasy-n oewn-rapture-n oewn-transport-n oewn-exaltation-n oewn-raptus-n

a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion

listening to sweet music in a perfect rapture


dull repetitious work gives no gratification


your personal satisfaction (or dissatisfaction) with the cultural or intellectual conditions under which you live (as distinct from material comfort)

the new art museum is expected to improve the quality of life


satisfaction or physical well-being provided by a person or thing


state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy


oewn-bliss-n oewn-blissfulness-n oewn-cloud_nine-n oewn-seventh_heaven-n oewn-walking_on_air-n


(Hinduism and Buddhism) the beatitude that transcends the cycle of reincarnation; characterized by the extinction of desire and suffering and individual consciousness


he was in such a state you just couldn't reason with him


state characterized by emotions ranging from mild discontentment to deep grief


the embitterment that resulted from the loss of his job never left him


state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one


a state of deeply felt distress or sorrow


a state or condition of being innocent of a specific crime or offense


oewn-blamelessness-n oewn-inculpability-n oewn-inculpableness-n oewn-guiltlessness-n


oewn-purity-n oewn-pureness-n oewn-sinlessness-n oewn-innocence-n oewn-whiteness-n

the state of being unsullied by sin or moral wrong; lacking a knowledge of evil


investigation showed that he was in the clear


the state of having committed an offense


the state of being guilty of bloodshed and murder


guilt as an accomplice in a crime or offense


the attribution of guilt (without proof) to individuals because the people they associate with are guilty


the state of being liable to impeachment


the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints


the freedom of teachers and students to express their ideas in school without religious or political or institutional restrictions


freedom from political subjugation or servitude


immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence


government of a political unit by its own people


freedom of a local government to determine by popular vote the applicability of a controversial law in their jurisdiction


self-government in local matters by a city or county that is part of a national government


economic independence as a national policy


the disintegration of social norms governing behavior and thought and social relationships


many have doubts about giving him a free hand to attack


the right of merchant ships to travel freely in international waters


freedom from control or influence of another or others


freedom to deviate deliberately from normally applicable rules or practices (especially in behavior or speech)


license used by a writer or artist to heighten the effect of their work


freedom from normal restraints in conduct

allowed his children considerable latitude in how they spent their money


excessive freedom; lack of due restraint

when liberty becomes license dictatorship is near


one's freedom to exercise one's rights as guaranteed under the laws of the country


personal freedom from servitude or confinement or oppression


the state of being kept down by unjust use of force or authority:


So every bondman in his own hand bears the power to cancel his captivity


oewn-bondage-n oewn-slavery-n oewn-thrall-n oewn-thralldom-n oewn-thraldom-n

the state of being under the control of another person


the state of being under the control of a force or influence or abstract power


a practice in which employers give high-interest loans to workers whose entire families then labor at low wages to pay off the debt; the practice is illegal in the United States


state of subjection to an owner or master or forced labor imposed as punishment


the condition of being enclosed (as in a capsule)

the encapsulation of tendons in membranous sheaths


the state of being physically constrained


something that restricts freedom as a cage restricts movement


oewn-captivity-n oewn-imprisonment-n oewn-incarceration-n oewn-immurement-n


oewn-detention-n oewn-detainment-n oewn-hold-n oewn-custody-n

a state of being confined (usually for a short time)


confinement of a prisoner in isolation from other prisoners


imprisonment (especially for a long time)


the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent


(sports) the state of a professional athlete who is free to negotiate a contract to play for any team


personal representation that has legal status

an person who has been declared incompetent should have legal representation


oewn-autonomy-n oewn-self-direction-n oewn-self-reliance-n oewn-self-sufficiency-n


seeking complete political separateness for Taiwan


the state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else


the state of needing help from something


the state of being subordinate to something


the state of being contingent on something


the condition of having or giving polarity


a balance between and interplay of opposing elements or tendencies (especially in art or literature)

there is a tension created between narrative time and movie time


(aeronautics) the state of equilibrium in which centrifugal forces due to a rotating mass (e.g., a propeller) do not produce force in the shaft and so vibration is reduced


(physiology) metabolic equilibrium actively maintained by several complex biological mechanisms that operate via the autonomic nervous system to offset disrupting changes


(geology) a general equilibrium of the forces tending to elevate or depress the earth's crust


(game theory) a stable state of a system that involves several interacting participants in which no participant can gain by a change of strategy as long as all the other participants remain unchanged


a state of being balanced in a stable equilibrium


a state in which all parts of a system are at the same temperature


a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium


oewn-shaking-n oewn-shakiness-n oewn-trembling-n oewn-quiver-n oewn-quivering-n oewn-vibration-n oewn-palpitation-n

the shaking of his fingers as he lit his pipe


(music) a tremulous effect produced by rapid repetition of a single tone or rapid alternation of two tones


shaking or trembling (usually resulting from weakness or stress or disease)


tremor of unknown cause (usually of the hands and head) that develops in older people; often mistaken for Parkinsonism but is not life-threatening and can usually be kept under control


motion that continues indefinitely without any external source of energy; impossible in practice because of friction


the motion of a spinning body (as a top) in which it wobbles so that the axis of rotation sweeps out a cone


something that resembles a flowing stream in moving continuously

a stream of people emptied from the terminal


the utter motionlessness of a marble statue


strengthened by rootage in the firm soil of faith


the state of something that has outlived its relevance


the state of being in action or exerting power


an agency that escapes control and destroys its creator


bigotry is a virus that must not be allowed to spread


the state of being or appearing to be actively engaged in an activity

they manifested all the busyness of a pack of beavers


the action or reaction of something (as a machine or substance) under specified circumstances

the behavior of small particles can be studied in experiments


(of volcanoes) pouring out fumes or lava (or a deposit so formed)


the state of being in effect or being operative


the state of high or excessive activity or productivity or concentration

Troops are ready to go into overdrive as soon as the signal is given


the state of being in good working order and ready for operation


the state of an engine or other mechanism that is idling


a state of steady vigorous action that is characteristic of an activity


oewn-arrest-n oewn-check-n oewn-halt-n oewn-hitch-n oewn-stay-n oewn-stop-n oewn-stoppage-n

the state of inactivity following an interruption


the legislation has now been revived after ten years in the deep freeze


a state of quiet (but possibly temporary) inaction

the volcano erupted after centuries of dormancy


a state of inaction with no progress and no change

you should go into a holding pattern until he gets over his disappointment


a body will continue in a state of rest until acted upon


a state of inactivity (in business or art etc)

economic growth of less than 1% per year is considered to be economic stagnation


inactivity of liquids; being stagnant; standing still; without current or circulation


inactivity resulting from a static balance between opposing forces


the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year


a state of abeyance or suspended business


a suspension and relaxation from an alert state or a state of readiness


cessation from or slowing of activity during the winter; especially slowing of metabolism in some animals


(zoology) cessation or slowing of activity during the summer; especially slowing of metabolism in some animals during a hot or dry period


an inability to retain bodily secretions


a state of motor and mental inactivity with a partial suspension of sensibility


the torpid or resting state in which some animals pass the winter


a state of comatose torpor (as found in sleeping sickness)


oewn-deadlock-n oewn-dead_end-n oewn-impasse-n oewn-stalemate-n oewn-standstill-n

a situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible


any stoppage attributable to unusual activity


a state that continues for a limited time


a specific state of mind that is temporary


temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work


a tiredness of the eyes caused by prolonged close work by a person with an uncorrected vision problem


fatigue and sleep disturbance resulting from disruption of the body's normal circadian rhythm as a result of jet travel


loss of salt from the body without replacement (loss by vomiting or profuse perspiration or urination or diarrhea) thus upsetting the electrolyte balance


an equilibrium between the amounts of electrolytes (as calcium and sodium and potassium) that is essential for normal health and functioning


the balance between the amount of nitrogen taken in (to the soil or the body) and the amount given off (lost or excreted)


a dull and listless state resulting from weariness


oewn-drunkenness-n oewn-inebriation-n oewn-inebriety-n oewn-intoxication-n oewn-tipsiness-n oewn-insobriety-n

a temporary state resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol


a dazed and staggering state caused by alcohol


the state of being sober and not intoxicated by alcohol


congenital absence of the heart (as in the development of some monsters)


absence of the head (as in the development of some monsters)


abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues


acidosis with an accumulation of ketone bodies; occurs primarily in diabetes mellitus


acidosis and bicarbonate concentration in the body fluids resulting either from the accumulation of acids or the abnormal loss of bases from the body (as in diarrhea or renal disease)


acidosis resulting from reduced gas exchange in the lungs (as in emphysema or pneumonia); excess carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid which increases the acidity of the blood


acidosis in which the acidity results from lack of food which leads to fat catabolism which in turn releases acidic ketone bodies


a blood disorder characterized by an increased concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood (which falls below 7 on the pH scale)


a blood disorder characterized by a lower concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood (which rises above 7.45 on the pH scale)


a condition in which the urine (which is normally slightly acidic) is alkaline


abnormally high alkalinity (low hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues


alkalosis resulting from hydrogen-ion loss or excessive intake of alkaline substances


alkalosis resulting from increased gas exchange in the lungs (as in hyperventilation associated with extreme anxiety or aspirin intoxication or metabolic acidosis)


abnormally small extremities (underdeveloped fingers and toes)


abnormal protrusion of the navel; sometimes the start of umbilical hernia


a condition in which milk is not secreted in the mother's breasts after her child has been delivered


absence of the mammary glands (either through surgery or developmental defect)


abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of a joint


an abnormality involving a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number (one chromosome set is incomplete)


a temporary state in which you are unable (or unwilling) to sleep

accept your wakefulness and sleep in its own contrary way is more likely to come


an inability to sleep; chronic sleeplessness


loss of bodily sensation with or without loss of consciousness


failure of some tissue or organ to develop


a state of heightened physiological activity


absence of coordination of organs or body parts that usually work together harmoniously


absence of systole; failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract (usually caused by ventricular fibrillation) with consequent absence of the heart beat leading to oxygen lack and eventually to death


a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended


a disorder of sleep characterized by a dream of terrifying dimensions far worse than a typical nightmare; they occur during NREM sleep


oewn-orthodox_sleep-n oewn-nonrapid_eye_movement_sleep-n oewn-NREM_sleep-n oewn-nonrapid_eye_movement-n oewn-NREM-n

a recurring sleep state during which rapid eye movements do not occur and dreaming does not occur; accounts for about 75% of normal sleep time


oewn-paradoxical_sleep-n oewn-rapid_eye_movement_sleep-n oewn-REM_sleep-n oewn-rapid_eye_movement-n oewn-REM-n

a recurring sleep state during which dreaming occurs; a state of rapidly shifting eye movements during sleep


(existentialism) a loss of personal identity; a feeling of being an anonymous cog in an impersonal social machine


a state that resembles sleep but that is induced by suggestion


a state of total unconsciousness resulting from anesthetic drugs (as for a major surgical operation)


loss of sensation in a small area of the body (as when a local anesthetic is injected for a tooth extraction)


oewn-conduction_anesthesia-n oewn-conduction_anaesthesia-n oewn-nerve_block_anesthesia-n oewn-nerve_block_anaesthesia-n oewn-block_anesthesia-n oewn-block_anaesthesia-n

anesthesia of an area supplied by a nerve; produced by an anesthetic agent applied to the nerve


loss of sensation in a region of the body produced by application of an anesthetic agent to all the nerves supplying that region (as when an epidural anesthetic is administered to the pelvic region during childbirth)


loss of sensation confined to the skin or mucous surfaces (as when benzocaine or Lidocaine is applied to the surface)


regional anesthesia resulting from injection of an anesthetic into the caudal end of the spinal canal; now largely replaced by epidural anesthesia


regional anesthesia resulting from injection of an anesthetic into the epidural space of the spinal cord; sensation is lost in the abdominal and genital and pelvic areas; used in childbirth and gynecological surgery


regional anesthesia resulting from the injection of a local anesthetic on each side of the cervix; used during labor and childbirth


regional anesthesia resulting from the use of a local anesthetic to deaden the pudendal nerves in the region of the vulva and labia majora; used to ease discomfort during childbirth


anesthesia of the lower half of the body; caused by injury to the spinal cord or by injecting an anesthetic beneath the arachnoid membrane that surrounds the spinal cord


the parts of a patient's body that would touch a saddle if the patient were sitting in one are anesthetized by injecting a local anesthetic into the spinal cord


general anesthesia achieved by administration of an inhalation anesthetic


a state of general anesthesia in which the person retains a slight degree of consciousness; can be induced by injection of scopolamine or morphine


a dreamlike state of altered consciousness that may last for hours or days


sleepiness causes many driving accidents


drowsiness and dullness manifested by yawning


oewn-imminence-n oewn-imminency-n oewn-imminentness-n oewn-impendence-n oewn-impendency-n oewn-forthcomingness-n

the state of being imminent and liable to happen soon


the state of having been made ready or prepared for use or action (especially military action)


condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action

bombers were put on alert during the crisis


the condition in which combat aircraft are airborne and ready for an operation

aircraft in the Mideast are on air alert


the highest level of alert when an attack by the enemy seems imminent (or more generally a state of alert resulting from imminent danger)


a state of readiness for domestic defense aircraft

the Air Force will keep fighters on strip alert at bases around the country


presence of multiple diverticula in the walls of the colon


the governor declared a state of emergency


a crisis in which a desperate effort is the only alternative to defeat

the Russians had to pull off a Dunkirk to get out of there


a crisis situation or point in time when a critical decision must be made

at that juncture he had no idea what to do


a critical state; especially the point at which a nuclear reaction is self-sustaining


point at which something is ready to blow up


a state of uncertainty about what should be done (usually following some important event) preceding the establishment of a new direction of action

the flux following the death of the emperor


the condition or state of the body or bodily functions


a physiological state corresponding to a strong need or desire


breakdown of elastic tissue (as the loss of elasticity in the skin of elderly people that results from degeneration of connective tissue)


a state of excessive gas in the alimentary canal


the state of being flexed (as of a joint)


alerting was indicated by the desynchronization of the EEG


the arousal of strong emotions and emotional behavior


the neural or electrical arousal of an organ or muscle or gland


she fell into a rage and refused to answer


oewn-excitement-n oewn-excitation-n oewn-inflammation-n oewn-fervor-n oewn-fervour-n

the state of being emotionally aroused and worked up

his face was flushed with excitement and his hands trembled


a state of widespread public excitement and interest


the arousal of sexual desires in preparation for sexual behavior


sexual arousal involving communication on the internet


oewn-estrus-n oewn-oestrus-n oewn-heat-n oewn-rut-n

applies to nonhuman mammals: a state or period of heightened sexual arousal and activity


oewn-anestrus-n oewn-anestrum-n oewn-anoestrus-n oewn-anoestrum-n

applies to nonhuman mammals: a state or interval of sexual inactivity between two periods of estrus


(of animals having several estrous cycles in one breeding season) a state or interval of sexual inactivity or quiescence between periods of activity


a desire for wealth and material possessions with little interest in ethical or spiritual matters


a physiological need for food; the consequence of food deprivation


pathologically insatiable hunger (especially when caused by brain lesions)


oewn-edacity-n oewn-esurience-n oewn-ravenousness-n oewn-voracity-n oewn-voraciousness-n


a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period


not having enough food to develop or function normally


excessive thirst (as in cases of diabetes or kidney dysfunction)


a physiological need for sexual activity

testosterone is responsible for the male sex drive


oxygen deficiency causing a very strong drive to correct the deficiency


hypoxia resulting from a decreased concentration of hemoglobin


hypoxia resulting from defective oxygenation of the blood in the lungs


hypoxia resulting from slow peripheral circulation (such as follows congestive cardiac failure)


the physical condition of having the presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood


a state in which the level of carbon dioxide in the blood is lower than normal; can result from deep or rapid breathing


a condition in which insufficient or no oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged on a ventilatory basis; caused by choking or drowning or electric shock or poison gas


a cumulative deficit of oxygen resulting from intense exercise; the deficit must be made up when the body returns to rest


effects (as nosebleed or nausea) of oxygen deficiency in the blood and tissues at high altitudes


nausea and shortness of breath experienced by mountain climbers above ten thousand feet


severe hypoxia; absence of oxygen in inspired gases or in arterial blood or in the tissues


anoxia resulting from a decreased concentration of hemoglobin


anoxia resulting from defective oxygenation of the blood in the lungs


anoxia resulting from slow peripheral circulation (such as follows congestive cardiac failure)


the condition of being deprived of oxygen (as by having breathing stopped)

asphyxiation is sometimes used as a form of torture


abnormally high body temperature; sometimes induced (as in treating some forms of cancer)


excessive discharge of liquid from a cavity or organ (as in watery diarrhea)


the physiological state of having or consisting of muscle


an inability (usually of the male animal) to copulate


impotence resulting from a man's inability to have or maintain an erection of his penis


the state (usually of a woman) of having no children or being unable to have children


the state of being unable to produce offspring; in a woman it is an inability to conceive; in a man it is an inability to impregnate


inability to produce hybrids that are both viable and fertile


physiological state in which a woman exhibits symptoms of pregnancy but is not pregnant


the state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus


the number of the pregnancy that a woman is in

in her third pregnancy a woman is said to be gravida three


(obstetrics) the number of liveborn children a woman has delivered

the parity of the mother must be considered


ectopic pregnancy in the abdominal cavity


oewn-ectopic_pregnancy-n oewn-extrauterine_pregnancy-n oewn-ectopic_gestation-n oewn-extrauterine_gestation-n oewn-eccyesis-n oewn-metacyesis-n

pregnancy resulting from gestation elsewhere than in the uterus


pregnancy resulting from normal gestation in the uterus


the stage of pregnancy at which the mother first feels the movements of the fetus


labor beginning prior to the 37th week of gestation


oewn-parturiency-n oewn-labor-n oewn-labour-n oewn-confinement-n oewn-lying-in-n oewn-travail-n oewn-childbed-n

concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child


pregnancy in which the placenta is implanted in the lower part of the uterus (instead of the upper part); can cause bleeding late in pregnancy; delivery by cesarean section may be necessary


the presentation during labor of the head of the fetus at an abnormal angle


an abnormal condition in which a normal opening or tube in the body (as the urethra) is closed or absent


temporary stiffness of joints and muscular rigidity occurring after death


the state of being vitalized and filled with life


the state of being vigorous and free from bodily or mental disease


a healthy capacity for vigorous activity


oewn-qi-n oewn-chi-n-1 oewn-ch-ap-i-n oewn-ki-n

the circulating life energy that in Chinese philosophy is thought to be inherent in all things; in traditional Chinese medicine the balance of negative and positive forms in the body is believed to be essential for good health


oewn-bloom-n oewn-blush-n oewn-flush-n oewn-rosiness-n

a rosy color (especially in the cheeks) taken as a sign of good health


an attractive combination of good health and happiness


the state of being fertile; capable of producing offspring


the state of being potent; a male's capacity to have sexual intercourse


a physical condition that is caused by disease


a state in which you are unable to function normally and without pain


a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning

the doctor prescribed some medicine for the disorder


disorder showing symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified


disorder caused by a detectable physiological or structural change in an organ


an abnormal or physiologically unbalanced state of the body


the condition in which the upper teeth do not touch the lower teeth when biting


a disorder of pregnancy in which the placenta prematurely separates from the wall of the uterus


an abnormal deficiency or absence of free hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice; often associated with severe anemias and cancer of the stomach


a condition in which little or no bile is secreted or the flow of bile into the digestive tract is obstructed


absence of gastric juices (partial or complete)


any disorder (as sudden confusion or disorientation) in an otherwise normal person that is due to reversible (temporary) impairment of brain tissues (as by head injuries or drugs or infection)


oewn-adult_respiratory_distress_syndrome-n oewn-ARDS-n oewn-wet_lung-n oewn-white_lung-n

acute lung injury characterized by coughing and rales; inflammation of the lungs which become stiff and fibrous and cannot exchange oxygen; occurs among persons exposed to irritants such as corrosive chemical vapors or ammonia or chlorine etc.


an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining


a prolonged disorder of eating due to loss of appetite


an eating disorder, frequent in children, in which non-nutritional objects are eaten persistently


a loss of the ability to recognize objects by handling them


oewn-attention_deficit_disorder-n oewn-ADD-n oewn-attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder-n oewn-ADHD-n oewn-hyperkinetic_syndrome-n oewn-minimal_brain_dysfunction-n oewn-minimal_brain_damage-n oewn-MBD-n

a condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disorders


absence of an orgasm in sexual relations


oewn-bulimarexia-n oewn-binge-purge_syndrome-n oewn-binge-vomit_syndrome-n oewn-bulimia_nervosa-n

a disorder of eating in which the person alternates between strong craving for food and aversion to food; characterized by excessive eating followed by periods of fasting or self-induced vomiting


a disorder of eating seen among young women who go on eating binges and then feel guilt and depression and self-condemnation


a painful disorder caused by compression of a nerve in the carpal tunnel; characterized by discomfort and weakness in the hands and fingers and by sensations of tingling, burning or numbness


a disorder in children and adults; inability to tolerate wheat protein (gluten); symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation; often accompanied by lactose intolerance


a disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin


a condition caused by blocking the airways to the lungs (as with food or swelling of the larynx)


a condition in which the vagina is unusually dry


condition leading to progressive loss of function


loss of the myelin covering of some nerve fibers resulting in their impaired function


condition in which swallowing is difficult or painful


any degenerative disorder resulting from inadequate or faulty nutrition


defective bone development; usually attributable to renal disease or to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism


an ill-defined state of irritability and distress


oewn-glandular_disease-n oewn-gland_disease-n oewn-glandular_disorder-n oewn-adenosis-n


a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement


a disorder in which a tooth is so crowded in its socket that it cannot erupt normally


a disorder in which feces are impacted in the lower colon


a disorder found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties in learning specific skills


(dentistry) a condition in which the opposing teeth do not mesh normally


(dentistry) malocclusion in which the upper teeth extend abnormally far over the lower teeth


(psychiatry) a psychological disorder characterized by somatic delusions that you are too fat despite being emaciated


the state of having abnormally many cells


the state of having abnormally few cells


oewn-illness-n oewn-unwellness-n oewn-malady-n oewn-sickness-n

impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism


the condition of being folded inward or sheathed


gastric distress caused by a disorder of the liver or gall bladder


oewn-addiction-n oewn-dependence-n oewn-dependance-n oewn-dependency-n oewn-habituation-n

being abnormally tolerant to and dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming (especially alcohol or narcotic drugs)


a temporary cessation of vital functions with loss of consciousness resembling death; usually resulting from asphyxia


suspended animation in organisms during periods of extreme drought from which they revive when moisture returns


a state in which an animal's metabolic activities come to a reversible standstill


the state of being stretched beyond normal dimensions


distension of the abdomen that is caused by the accumulation of gas in the intestines or the peritoneal cavity


dilatation or distension of a hollow organ


abnormal enlargement of the air sacs in the lungs


an addiction to a drug (especially a narcotic drug)


oewn-alcoholism-n oewn-alcohol_addiction-n oewn-inebriation-n oewn-drunkenness-n

habitual intoxication; prolonged and excessive intake of alcoholic drinks leading to a breakdown in health and an addiction to alcohol such that abrupt deprivation leads to severe withdrawal symptoms


the condition of belonging to a particular place or group by virtue of social or ethnic or cultural lineage


a disorder characterized by deposit of amyloid in organs or tissues; often secondary to chronic rheumatoid arthritis or tuberculosis or multiple myeloma


severe illness requiring prolonged hospitalization or recovery; usually involves high costs for hospitals and doctors and medicines


an abrupt failure of function or complete physical exhaustion

the commander's prostration demoralized his men


a severe or incapacitating emotional disorder


an emotional disorder that leaves you exhausted and unable to work


nervous breakdown (not in technical use)


(pathology) bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapid heartbeat and circulatory insufficiency and pallor

loss of blood is an important cause of shock


shock caused by severe blood or fluid loss


shock caused by obstruction of blood flow


shock caused by poor distribution of the blood flow


a severe and rapid and sometimes fatal hypersensitivity reaction to a substance (especially a vaccine or penicillin or shellfish or insect venom) to which the organism has become sensitized by previous exposure


hypoglycemia produced by excessive insulin in the system causing coma


oewn-decompression_sickness-n oewn-aeroembolism-n oewn-air_embolism-n oewn-gas_embolism-n oewn-caisson_disease-n oewn-bends-n

pain resulting from rapid change in pressure


a pathological condition resulting from an excessive intake of fluorine (usually from drinking water)


illness caused by poisonous or contaminated food


food poisoning from ingesting botulin; not infectious; affects the CNS; can be fatal if not treated promptly


toxic condition caused by eating certain species of mushrooms (especially Amanita species)


a disturbance in the synthesis of immunoglobulins; proteins having antibody activity increase greatly in the blood


repetitive nonmeaningful speech (especially that associated with a trance state or religious fervor)


a term for food poisoning that is no longer in scientific use; food poisoning was once thought to be caused by ingesting ptomaines


a kind of food poisoning caused by eating foods contaminated with Salmonella typhimurium


toxic condition produced by the absorption of excessive lead into the system


symptom of chronic lead poisoning and associated with obstinate constipation


a trancelike state with loss of voluntary motion and failure to react to stimuli


an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning


a disease characterized by impairment of neuromuscular junctions


any disease of the blood vessels or lymph ducts


disease especially in agricultural workers caused by inhalation of Aspergillus spores causing lumps in skin and ears and respiratory organs


the presence of acanthocytes in the blood stream (as in abetalipoproteinemia)


an acute blood disorder (often caused by radiation or drug therapy) characterized by severe reduction in granulocytes


an abnormally low level of albumin in the blood serum


a disease characterized by congestion and enlargement of the spleen; accompanied by anemia or cirrhosis


a disease of humans that is not communicable; caused by infection with Bacillus anthracis followed by septicemia


a form of anthrax infection that begins as papule that becomes a vesicle and breaks with a discharge of toxins; symptoms of septicemia are severe with vomiting and high fever and profuse sweating; the infection is often fatal


oewn-pulmonary_anthrax-n oewn-inhalation_anthrax-n oewn-anthrax_pneumonia-n oewn-ragpicker-ap-s_disease-n oewn-ragsorter-ap-s_disease-n oewn-woolsorter-ap-s_pneumonia-n oewn-woolsorter-ap-s_disease-n

a form of anthrax infection acquired by inhalation of dust containing Bacillus anthracis; initial symptoms (chill and cough and dyspnea and rapid pulse) are followed by extreme cardiovascular collapse


any of several human or animal diseases characterized by dark urine resulting from rapid breakdown of red blood cells


hemorrhagic fever with neurological signs; caused by the Junin virus


severe and often fatal malaria characterized by kidney damage resulting in dark urine


severe form of malaria occurring in tropical regions


a disease thought to be transmitted to humans by a scratch from a cat


any disease or disorder that occurs during the course of (or because of) another disease

bed sores are a common complication in cases of paralysis


he said he had the crud and needed a doctor


a disease that is constantly present to a greater or lesser degree in people of a certain class or in people living in a particular location


any disease arising from internal dysfunctions of unknown cause


an inherited disease controlled by a single pair of genes


an inherited disease controlled by several genes at once


incompetence of the gonads (especially in the male with low testosterone); results in deficient development of secondary sex characteristics and (in prepubertal males) a body with long legs and a short trunk


the state of being a eunuch (either because of lacking testicles or because they failed to develop)


hypogonadism with anosmia; a congenital sexual disorder that prevents the testicles from maturing at puberty


inability of a bodily valve to close completely


inability of a part or organ to function properly


an acute disease of young children characterized by a rash and swollen lymph nodes and fever; of unknown cause


any epidemic disease with a high death rate


a degenerative state of the cell nucleus


the state of being hyaline or having become hyaline

the patient's arterioles showed marked hyalinization


excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone resulting in abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood; can affect many systems of the body (especially causing bone resorption and osteoporosis)


inadequate secretion of parathyroid hormone resulting in abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood


excessive activity of the pituitary gland (especially overactivity of the anterior lobe which leads to excess secretion of growth hormone)


the state of having become filled with vacuoles


an infective disease caused by sporozoan parasites that are transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito; marked by paroxysms of chills and fever


oewn-Marseilles_fever-n oewn-Kenya_fever-n oewn-Indian_tick_fever-n oewn-boutonneuse_fever-n

a disease (common in India and around the Mediterranean area) caused by a rickettsia that is transmitted to humans by a reddish brown tick (ixodid) that lives on dogs and other mammals


a disease of the inner ear characterized by episodes of dizziness and tinnitus and progressive hearing loss (usually unilateral)


caused by consuming milk from cattle suffering from trembles


any disease that shows symptoms characteristic of another disease


a chronic progressive disease characterized by chronic fatigue and muscular weakness (especially in the face and neck); caused by a deficiency of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions


oewn-Lambert-Eaton_syndrome-n oewn-Eaton-Lambert_syndrome-n oewn-myasthenic_syndrome-n oewn-carcinomatous_myopathy-n

a disease seen in patients with lung cancer and characterized by weakness and fatigue of hip and thigh muscles and an aching back; caused by antibodies directed against the neuromuscular junctions


disease or disability resulting from conditions of employment (usually from long exposure to a noxious substance or from continuous repetition of certain acts)


separation of a nail from its normal attachment to the nail bed


a disease of bone occurring in the middle aged and elderly; excessive bone destruction sometimes leading to bone pain and fractures and skeletal deformities


any painful disorder of the joints or muscles or connective tissues


a progressive disease of connective tissue that is characterized by nodules along arteries; nodules may block the artery and result in inadequate circulation to the particular area


a disease that attacks the gum and bone and around the teeth


oewn-pyorrhea-n oewn-pyorrhoea-n oewn-pyorrhea_alveolaris-n oewn-Riggs-ap-_disease-n

chronic periodontitis; purulent inflammation of the teeth sockets


a sudden occurrence of an uncontrollable condition


a sudden acute episode of intense anxiety and feelings of panic


a sudden recurrence or worsening of symptoms


a sudden occurrence (or recurrence) of a disease


oewn-stroke-n oewn-apoplexy-n oewn-cerebrovascular_accident-n oewn-CVA-n

a sudden loss of consciousness resulting when the rupture or occlusion of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain


violent uncontrollable contractions of muscles


convulsion characterized by alternating contractions and relaxations


convulsions accompanied by impaired consciousness


a seizure during which the patient becomes unconscious and has convulsions over the entire body


a seizure of short duration characterized by momentary unconsciousness and local muscle spasms or twitching

the girl was frightened by her first petit mal


oewn-mental_disorder-n oewn-mental_disturbance-n oewn-disturbance-n oewn-psychological_disorder-n oewn-folie-n

(psychiatry) a psychological disorder of thought or emotion; a more neutral term than mental illness


a psychiatric disorder usually noted during early school years; characterized by impaired social relations and by repetitive patterns of behavior


a rare recessive metabolic anomaly marked by ochronosis and the presence of alkapton in the urine


injury to the brain that impairs its functions (especially permanently); can be caused by trauma to the head, infection, hemorrhage, inadequate oxygen, genetic abnormality, etc.


motionlessness attributable to a temporary paralysis


paralysis of the vocal cords resulting in an inability to speak


a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by loss of consciousness and convulsions


epilepsy in which the attacks begins with an isolated disturbance of cerebral function (as a twitching of a limb or an illusory sensation or a mental disturbance)


transitory disturbance in motor or sensory function resulting from abnormal cortical activity


seizure caused by a sudden profuse hemorrhage


paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body


the condition of being protuberant; the condition of bulging out


oewn-grand_mal_epilepsy-n oewn-grand_mal-n oewn-generalized_epilepsy-n oewn-epilepsia_major-n

epilepsy in which the attacks involve loss of consciousness and tonic spasms of the musculature followed by generalized jerking


focal epilepsy in which the attack usually moves from distal to proximal limb muscles on the same side of the body


epilepsy characterized by clonus of muscle groups and progressive mental deterioration and genetic origin


epilepsy characterized by paroxysmal attacks of brief clouding of consciousness (and possibly other abnormalities)

she has been suffering from petit mal since childhood


the occurrence of an abrupt, transient loss or impairment of consciousness (which is not subsequently remembered), sometimes with light twitching, fluttering eyelids, etc.; common in petit mal epilepsy


an absence seizure accompanied by other abnormalities (atonia or automatisms or vasomotor changes)


an absence seizure without other complications; followed by 3-per-sec brainwave spikes


a transient impairment of cortical function demonstrable only by 3-per-second brainwave spikes


reflex epilepsy induced by a flickering light


a convulsive epileptic state caused by a head injury


epilepsy in which a seizure is induced by whirling or running


a severe or even fatal form of vaccinia that occurs mainly in persons with an immunological deficiency; characterized by progressive enlargement of the initial lesion


epilepsy characterized clinically by impairment of consciousness and amnesia for the episode; often involves purposeful movements of the arms and legs and sometimes hallucinations


a form of epilepsy in which attacks are induced by peripheral stimulation


focal epilepsy initiated by somatosensory phenomena


a condition in which there are continuing attacks of epilepsy without intervals of consciousness; can lead to brain damage and death


epilepsy in which the body is rigid during the seizure


paralysis of the arm resulting from injury to the brachial plexus (usually during childbirth)


a frenzy of emotion; as for something unattainable


oewn-ataxia-n oewn-ataxy-n oewn-dyssynergia-n oewn-motor_ataxia-n

inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements; unsteady movements and staggering gait


sclerosis of the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord; characterized by muscular weakness and abnormal gait; occurs in children


nervous disorder of late childhood and early adulthood; characterized by ataxic gait and hesitating or explosive speech and nystagmus


absence or loss of topognosia; inability to locate correctly a point of touch


failure of one or both testes to move into the scrotum as the male fetus develops


failure of one testes to descend into the scrotum


abnormality in performing voluntary muscle movements


involuntary rolling of the tongue and twitching of the face or trunk or limbs; often occurs in patients with Parkinsonism who are treated with phenothiazine


abnormal displacement of any wall that separates two chambers (usually in the nasal cavity)


abnormal shift in location of the nasal septum; a common condition causing obstruction of the nasal passages and difficulty in breathing and recurrent nosebleeds


abnormal condition where the heart is located toward the right side of the chest


congenital abnormality involving the absence of some fingers or toes


an abnormally downward position of the intestines in the abdominal cavity


an abnormally high degree of irritability or sensitivity to stimulation of an organ or body part


an abnormal condition of a fetus; usually discovered during pregnancy and characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm


oewn-multiple_sclerosis-n oewn-MS-n oewn-disseminated_sclerosis-n oewn-disseminated_multiple_sclerosis-n

a chronic progressive nervous disorder involving loss of myelin sheath around certain nerve fibers


oewn-paralysis_agitans-n oewn-Parkinsonism-n oewn-Parkinson-ap-s_disease-n oewn-Parkinson-ap-s_syndrome-n oewn-Parkinson-ap-s-n oewn-shaking_palsy-n

a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by tremor and impaired muscular coordination


a loss or deficiency of motor control with involuntary spasms caused by permanent brain damage present at birth


any of several degenerative nervous disorders characterized by spasmodic movements of the body and limbs


a cerebral meningitis with cellular infiltration of the meninges


weakness or loss of muscle tone resulting from injury or disease of the nerves innervating the muscles


a form of chorea in which spasms occur mainly when the patient is erect


chorea occurring chiefly in children and associated with rheumatic fever


a nervous disorder characterized by an uncontrollable impulse to dance; popularly attributed to bite of the southern European tarantula or wolf spider


a loss of the ability to write or to express thoughts in writing because of a brain lesion


a disorder in which a lesion to the central nervous system leaves you unable to formulate a statement or to express yourself in an organized manner


partial or total loss of sight without pathology of the eye; caused by disease of optic nerve or retina or brain


visual impairment without apparent organic pathology


(ophthalmology) faulty refraction of light rays in the eye as in astigmatism or myopia


(ophthalmology) the normal refractive condition of the eye in which there is clear focus of light on the retina


visual defect in which the shape and size of an ocular image differ in the two eyes


distorted vision in which straight lines appear curved


absence of the natural lens of the eye (usually resulting from the removal of cataracts)


inability to use or understand language (spoken or written) because of a brain lesion


an impairment in understanding spoken language that is not attributable to hearing loss


aphasia in which the lesion is assumed to be in the association tracts connecting the various language centers in the brain; patient's have difficulty repeating a sentence just heard


oewn-motor_aphasia-n oewn-Broca-ap-s_aphasia-n oewn-ataxic_aphasia-n oewn-expressive_aphasia-n oewn-nonfluent_aphasia-n

aphasia in which expression by speech or writing is severely impaired


oewn-nominal_aphasia-n oewn-anomic_aphasia-n oewn-anomia-n oewn-amnesic_aphasia-n oewn-amnestic_aphasia-n

inability to name objects or to recognize written or spoken names of objects


a general term for aphasia that results from lesions outside of Broca's area or Wernicke's area of the cerebral cortex


oewn-Wernicke-ap-s_aphasia-n oewn-fluent_aphasia-n oewn-receptive_aphasia-n oewn-sensory_aphasia-n oewn-impressive_aphasia-n

aphasia characterized by fluent but meaningless speech and severe impairment of the ability understand spoken or written words


impaired ability to learn grade-appropriate mathematics


an impairment of language (especially speech production) that is usually due to brain damage


inability to recognize objects by use of the senses


partial or total loss of articulate speech resulting from lesions of the central nervous system


inability to recognize or understand the meaning of spoken words


inability to recognize or interpret objects in the visual field


rare (usually fatal) brain disease (usually in middle age) caused by an unidentified slow virus; characterized by progressive dementia and gradual loss of muscle control


closure or blockage (as of a blood vessel)


a closure of the larynx that blocks the passage of air to the lungs


occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus (a loose clot or air bubble or other particle)


obstruction of the circulatory system caused by an air bubble as, e.g., accidentally during surgery or hypodermic injection or as a complication from scuba diving


serious condition in which fat blocks an artery; fat can enter the blood stream after a long bone is fractured or if adipose tissue is injured or as a result of a fatty liver


blockage of the pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by a blood clot


occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus that has broken away from a thrombus


the formation or presence of a thrombus (a clot of coagulated blood attached at the site of its formation) in a blood vessel


a blood clot in a cerebral artery or vein


occlusion of a coronary artery caused either by progressive atherosclerosis or by a blood clot


a heart disease due to an abnormality of the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart


obstruction of blood flow in a coronary artery by a blood clot (thrombus)


painful thrombosis of the femoral vein in the leg following childbirth


a common disorder in which blood pressure remains abnormally high (a reading of 140/90 mm Hg or greater)


abnormal condition in which an organ is turned inward or inside out (as when the upper part of the uterus is pulled into the cervical canal after childbirth)


any abnormal position of the organs of the body


abnormal bulging of the cornea of the eye


abnormal cone-shaped protrusion of the cornea of the eye; can be treated by epikeratophakia


low blood pressure occurring in some people when they stand up


persistent and pathological high blood pressure for which no specific cause can be found


increase in blood pressure in the veins of the portal system caused by obstruction in the liver (often associated with alcoholic cirrhosis), causing enlargement of the spleen and collateral veins


severe hypertension that runs a rapid course and damages the inner linings of the blood vessels and the heart and spleen and kidneys and brain

malignant hypertension is the most lethal form of hypertension


hypertension that is secondary to another disease


temporary rise in blood pressure in the doctor's office


thickening of tissue in the motor tracts of the lateral columns and anterior horns of the spinal cord; results in progressive muscle atrophy that starts in the limbs


a cardiovascular disease characterized by a saclike widening of an artery resulting from weakening of the artery wall


an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta associated with old age and hypertension


abnormal narrowing of the opening into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle


narrowing of the pyloric sphincter that blocks the passage of food from the stomach into the duodenum


narrowing of the passages in the nasal cavities


abnormal narrowing of a bodily canal or passageway


a localized dilation or protrusion on the wall of the left ventricle of the heart (occurring after a myocardial infarction)


a heart condition marked by paroxysms of chest pain due to reduced oxygen to the heart


oewn-arteriosclerosis-n oewn-arterial_sclerosis-n oewn-hardening_of_the_arteries-n oewn-induration_of_the_arteries-n oewn-coronary-artery_disease-n


the formation of atheromas on the walls of the arteries as in atherosclerosis


a stage of arteriosclerosis involving fatty deposits (atheromas) inside the arterial walls, thus narrowing the arteries


a continuous succession of slow, writhing, involuntary movements of the hands and feet and other body parts


a progressive disease of the central nervous system marked by increasing lack of coordination and advancing to paralysis and death within a year of the appearance of symptoms; thought to have been transmitted by cannibalistic consumption of diseased brain tissue since the disease virtually disappeared when cannibalism was abandoned


harmful pressure on a nerve (especially in nerves that pass over rigid prominences); causes nerve damage and muscle weakness


repeated and long-term nerve compression (usually in nerves near joints that are subject to inflammation or swelling)


a stage of arteriosclerosis involving closure of blood vessels


accumulation of serous fluid in peritoneal cavity


transient presence of bacteria (or other microorganisms) in the blood


any pathological hardening or thickening of tissue


an abnormal rate of muscle contractions in the heart


a disorder (usually of unknown origin) of the heart muscle (myocardium)


a disorder in which the heart muscle is so strong that it does not relax enough to fill with the heart with blood and so has reduced pumping ability


abnormally rapid beating of the auricles of the heart (especially in a regular rhythm); can result in heart block


cardiac rhythm characterized by the presence of an extra sound; can indicate a heart abnormality


cardiopathy resulting from the mitral valve not regulating the flow of blood between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart


obstruction or narrowing of the mitral valve (as by scarring from rheumatic fever)


failure of the cardiovascular system to supply adequate amounts of blood to body tissues


inability of the heart to pump enough blood to sustain normal bodily functions


heart disease caused by stenosis of the cardiac valves and obstructed blood flow or caused by degeneration and blood regurgitation


inability to pump enough blood to avoid congestion in the tissues


a sudden severe instance of abnormal heart function


destruction of heart tissue resulting from obstruction of the blood supply to the heart muscle


oewn-kidney_disease-n oewn-renal_disorder-n oewn-nephropathy-n oewn-nephrosis-n


(pathology) inability of a bodily part or organ to function normally


inadequate blood flow to the heart muscles; can cause angina pectoris


kidney disease that is usually associated with hypertension; sclerosis of the renal arterioles reduces blood flow that can lead to kidney failure and heart failure


kidney disease characterized by enlarged kidneys containing many cysts; often leads to kidney failure


renal disorder characterized by the production of large volumes of pale dilute urine; often associated with diabetes


inability of the kidneys to excrete wastes and to help maintain the electrolyte balance


insufficient excretion of wastes by the kidneys


renal failure associated with burns or other trauma or with acute infection or obstruction of the urinary tract


renal failure that can result from a variety of systemic disorders


the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder


the presence of calculi in the intestines


renal lithiasis in which calcium deposits form in the renal parenchyma and result in reduced kidney function and blood in the urine


the presence of kidney stones (calculi) in the kidney


pathology in which fat accumulates in lipomas in the body


the formation of stones (calculi) in an internal organ


nephritis marked by inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney; characterized by decreased production of urine and by the presence of blood and protein in the urine and by edema


a chronic disease interfering with the normal functioning of the liver; the major cause is chronic alcoholism


yellow discoloration as a result of the accumulation of certain fats (triglycerides) in the liver; can be caused by alcoholic cirrhosis or pregnancy or exposure to certain toxins


oewn-Addison-ap-s_disease-n oewn-Addison-ap-s_syndrome-n oewn-hypoadrenalism-n oewn-hypoadrenocorticism-n

a glandular disorder caused by failure of function of the cortex of the adrenal gland and marked by anemia and prostration with brownish skin


a glandular disease or enlargement of glandular tissue (especially of the lymph glands)


a condition caused by overproduction of aldosterone


a glandular disorder caused by excessive ACTH resulting in greater than normal functioning of the adrenal gland; characterized by obesity


a glandular disorder caused by excessive cortisol


a polygenic disease characterized by abnormally high glucose levels in the blood; any of several metabolic disorders marked by excessive urination and persistent thirst


diabetes caused by a relative or absolute deficiency of insulin and characterized by polyuria

when doctors say `diabetes' they usually mean `diabetes mellitus'


oewn-type_I_diabetes-n oewn-insulin-dependent_diabetes_mellitus-n oewn-IDDM-n oewn-juvenile-onset_diabetes-n oewn-juvenile_diabetes-n oewn-growth-onset_diabetes-n oewn-ketosis-prone_diabetes-n oewn-ketoacidosis-prone_diabetes-n oewn-autoimmune_diabetes-n

severe diabetes mellitus with an early onset; characterized by polyuria and excessive thirst and increased appetite and weight loss and episodic ketoacidosis; diet and insulin injections are required to control the disease


oewn-type_II_diabetes-n oewn-non-insulin-dependent_diabetes_mellitus-n oewn-NIDDM-n oewn-non-insulin-dependent_diabetes-n oewn-ketosis-resistant_diabetes_mellitus-n oewn-ketosis-resistant_diabetes-n oewn-ketoacidosis-resistant_diabetes_mellitus-n oewn-ketoacidosis-resistant_diabetes-n oewn-adult-onset_diabetes_mellitus-n oewn-adult-onset_diabetes-n oewn-maturity-onset_diabetes_mellitus-n oewn-maturity-onset_diabetes-n oewn-mature-onset_diabetes-n

mild form of diabetes mellitus that develops gradually in adults; can be precipitated by obesity or severe stress or menopause or other factors; can usually be controlled by diet and hypoglycemic agents without injections of insulin


diabetes insipidus caused by a failure of the kidney to respond to normal levels of vasopressin


a rare form of diabetes resulting from a deficiency of vasopressin (the pituitary hormone that regulates the kidneys); characterized by the chronic excretion of large amounts of pale dilute urine which results in dehydration and extreme thirst


a mild form of diabetes mellitus in which there are no overt symptoms but there are abnormal responses to some diagnostic procedures


oewn-angioedema-n oewn-atrophedema-n oewn-giant_hives-n oewn-periodic_edema-n oewn-Quincke-ap-s_edema-n

recurrent large circumscribed areas of subcutaneous edema; onset is sudden and it disappears within 24 hours; seen mainly in young women, often as an allergic reaction to food or drugs


swelling (usually in the legs) caused by lymph accumulating in the tissues in the affected areas


an overactive thyroid gland; pathologically excessive production of thyroid hormones or the condition resulting from excessive production of thyroid hormones


exophthalmos occurring in association with goiter; hyperthyroidism with protrusion of the eyeballs


an underactive thyroid gland; a glandular disorder resulting from insufficient production of thyroid hormones


hypothyroidism marked by dry skin and swellings around lips and nose as well as mental deterioration


severe hypothyroidism resulting in physical and mental stunting


oewn-achondroplasia-n oewn-achondroplasty-n oewn-osteosclerosis_congenita-n oewn-chondrodystrophy-n

an inherited skeletal disorder beginning before birth; cartilage is converted to bone resulting in dwarfism


a disease that can be communicated from one person to another


any disease easily transmitted by contact


an acute febrile highly contagious viral disease


influenza caused by the Asian virus that was first isolated in 1957


an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease of swine caused by the orthomyxovirus thought to be the same virus that caused the 1918 influenza pandemic


an acute and highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots followed by a rash; occurs primarily in children


oewn-German_measles-n oewn-rubella-n oewn-three-day_measles-n oewn-epidemic_roseola-n

a contagious viral disease that is a milder form of measles lasting three or four days; can be damaging to a fetus during the first trimester


acute contagious infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae; marked by the formation of a false membrane in the throat and other air passages causing difficulty in breathing


oewn-exanthema_subitum-n oewn-roseola_infantum-n oewn-roseola_infantilis-n oewn-pseudorubella-n

a viral disease of infants and young children; characterized by abrupt high fever and mild sore throat; a few days later there is a faint pinkish rash that lasts for a few hours to a few days


an acute communicable disease (usually in children) characterized by fever and a red rash


a contagious disease characterized by purulent skin eruptions that may leave pock marks


a highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever and weakness and skin eruption with pustules that form scabs that slough off leaving scars


oewn-alastrim-n oewn-variola_minor-n oewn-pseudosmallpox-n oewn-pseudovariola-n oewn-milk_pox-n oewn-white_pox-n oewn-West_Indian_smallpox-n oewn-Cuban_itch-n oewn-Kaffir_pox-n

a mild form of smallpox caused by a less virulent form of the virus


an acute communicable infection of the respiratory tract and mouth marked by ulceration of the mucous membrane


any of several infections of the skin or mucous membrane caused by Blastomyces


a fungal infection characterized by itchy warty nodules on the skin


infections of the skin or nails caused by fungi and appearing as itching circular patches


fungal infection attacking moist parts of the body


ringworm infection of the hair follicles of the scalp and beard that usually results in a swelling that is covered with pustules and oozes fluid


fungal infection of the scalp characterized by bald patches


fungal infection of nonhairy parts of the skin


fungal infection of the groin (most common in men)


the state of being blind or lacking sight


vision that is 20/200 or worse in both eyes (20/200 vision is the ability to see at 20 feet what a normal eye can see at 200 feet)


fungal infection of the nails (especially toenails)


a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact


a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles


oewn-brucellosis-n oewn-undulant_fever-n oewn-Malta_fever-n oewn-Gibraltar_fever-n oewn-Rock_fever-n oewn-Mediterranean_fever-n

infectious bacterial disease of human beings transmitted by contact with infected animals or infected meat or milk products; characterized by fever and headache


a rare immunological disorder characterized by the virtual absence of gamma globulin in the blood and consequent susceptibility to infection


reduction or lack of an immune response to a specific antigen


an abnormally low concentration of gamma globulin in the blood and increased risk of infection


a congenital disease affecting T cells that can result from a mutation in any one of several different genes; children with it are susceptible to infectious disease; if untreated it is lethal within the first year or two of life


SCID resulting from mutation of a gene that codes for adenosine deaminase


SCID in male children resulting from mutation of a gene that codes for a protein on the surface of T cells that allows them to develop a growth factor receptor


oewn-cholera-n oewn-Asiatic_cholera-n oewn-Indian_cholera-n oewn-epidemic_cholera-n

an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food


oewn-dengue-n oewn-dengue_fever-n oewn-dandy_fever-n oewn-breakbone_fever-n

an infectious disease of the tropics transmitted by mosquitoes and characterized by rash and aching head and joints


an infection of the intestines marked by severe diarrhea


any infectious disease that develops and spreads rapidly to many people


inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin


an acute but benign form of viral hepatitis caused by an RNA virus that does not persist in the blood serum and is usually transmitted by ingesting food or drink that is contaminated with fecal matter


an acute (sometimes fatal) form of viral hepatitis caused by a DNA virus that tends to persist in the blood serum and is transmitted by sexual contact or by transfusion or by ingestion of contaminated blood or other bodily fluids


a viral hepatitis clinically indistinguishable from hepatitis B but caused by a single-stranded RNA virus; usually transmitted by parenteral means (as injection of an illicit drug or blood transfusion or exposure to blood or blood products)


malignant neoplastic disease of the liver usually occurring as a metastasis from another cancer; symptoms include loss of appetite and weakness and bloating and jaundice and upper abdominal discomfort


viral diseases causing eruptions of the skin or mucous membrane


an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus; affects the skin and nervous system; produces small temporary (but sometimes painful) blisters on the skin and mucous membranes


oewn-oral_herpes-n oewn-herpes_labialis-n oewn-cold_sore-n oewn-fever_blister-n

caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)


an infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) that is usually transmitted by sexual contact; marked by recurrent attacks of painful eruptions on the skin and mucous membranes of the genital area


eruptions along a nerve path often accompanied by severe neuralgia


an acute contagious disease caused by herpes varicella zoster virus; causes a rash of vesicles on the face and body


oewn-venereal_disease-n oewn-VD-n oewn-venereal_infection-n oewn-social_disease-n oewn-Cupid-ap-s_itch-n oewn-Cupid-ap-s_disease-n oewn-Venus-ap-s_curse-n oewn-dose-n oewn-sexually_transmitted_disease-n oewn-STD-n

a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact


a common venereal disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae; symptoms are painful urination and pain around the urethra


a venereal disease caused by a bacterium of the genus Calymmatobacterium; characterized by a pimply rash of the skin in the genital and groin region


oewn-syphilis-n oewn-syph-n oewn-pox-n oewn-lues_venerea-n oewn-lues-n

a common venereal disease caused by the treponema pallidum spirochete; symptoms change through progressive stages; can be congenital (transmitted through the placenta)


the first stage; characterized by a chancre at the site of infection


the second stage; characterized by eruptions of the skin and mucous membrane


the third stage; characterized by involvement of internal organs especially the brain and spinal cord as well as the heart and liver


syphilis of the spinal cord characterized by degeneration of sensory neurons and stabbing pains in the trunk and legs and unsteady gait and incontinence and impotence


wasting of the body during a chronic disease


oewn-infectious_mononucleosis-n oewn-mononucleosis-n oewn-mono-n oewn-glandular_fever-n oewn-kissing_disease-n

an acute disease characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes and an abnormal increase of mononuclear leucocytes or monocytes in the bloodstream; not highly contagious; some believe it can be transmitted by kissing


a severe and often fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates (monkeys and chimpanzees) caused by the Ebola virus; characterized by high fever and severe internal bleeding; can be spread from person to person; is largely limited to Africa


an acute contagious viral disease of central western Africa; characterized by fever and inflammation and muscular pains and difficulty swallowing; can be used as a bioweapon


chronic granulomatous communicable disease occurring in tropical and subtropical regions; characterized by inflamed nodules beneath the skin and wasting of body parts; caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae


leprosy characterized by tumors in the skin and cutaneous nerves


a very serious form of leprosy characterized by lesions that spread over much of the body and affecting many systems of the body


an acute inflammatory disease occurring in the intestines of premature infants; necrosis of intestinal tissue may follow


an infectious disease of animals and humans (especially newborn or immunosuppressed persons) caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes; in sheep and cattle the infection frequently involves the central nervous system and causes various neurological symptoms


a form of viral meningitis caused by a virus carried by the common house mouse


infectious disease caused by a species of chlamydia bacterium; transmitted by sexual contact; characterized by genital lesions and swelling of lymph nodes in the groin


infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the meninges (the tissues that surround the brain or spinal cord) usually caused by a bacterial infection; symptoms include headache and stiff neck and fever and nausea


an acute contagious viral disease characterized by fever and by swelling of the parotid glands


oewn-cerebrospinal_meningitis-n oewn-epidemic_meningitis-n oewn-brain_fever-n oewn-cerebrospinal_fever-n

meningitis caused by bacteria and often fatal


any of a variety of infectious intestinal diseases resembling typhoid fever


oewn-plague-n oewn-pestilence-n oewn-pest-n oewn-pestis-n

a serious (sometimes fatal) infection of rodents caused by Yersinia pestis and accidentally transmitted to humans by the bite of a flea that has bitten an infected animal


the most common form of the plague in humans; characterized by chills, prostration, delirium and the formation of buboes in the armpits and groin; does not spread from person to person


the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe


a rapidly progressive and frequently fatal form of the plague that can spread through the air from person to person; characterized by lung involvement with chill, bloody expectoration and high fever


an especially dangerous and generally fatal form of the plague in which infecting organisms invade the bloodstream; does not spread from person to person


oewn-poliomyelitis-n oewn-polio-n oewn-infantile_paralysis-n oewn-acute_anterior_poliomyelitis-n

an acute viral disease marked by inflammation of nerve cells of the brain stem and spinal cord


TB of the spine with destruction of vertebrae resulting in curvature of the spine


either of two infectious diseases transmitted to humans by the bite of a rat or mouse; characterized by fever and headache and nausea and skin eruptions


infectious disease caused by ticks or mites or body lice infected with rickettsial bacteria


rickettsial disease transmitted by body lice and characterized by skin rash and high fever


oewn-murine_typhus-n oewn-rat_typhus-n oewn-urban_typhus-n oewn-endemic_typhus-n

acute infection caused by rickettsia and transmitted by the bite of an infected flea; characterized by fever and chills and muscle aches and a rash


any of several severe febrile diseases characterized by skin rashes or spots on the skin


caused by rickettsial bacteria and transmitted by wood ticks


mild infectious rickettsial disease caused by a bacterium of the genus Rickettsia transmitted to humans by the bite a mite that lives on rodents; characterized by chills and fever and headache and skin lesions that resemble chickenpox


marked by pain in muscles and joints and transmitted by lice


transmitted by larval mites and widespread in Asia


marked by recurring high fever and transmitted by the bite of infected lice or ticks; characterized by episodes of high fever and chills and headache and muscle pain and nausea that recur every week or ten days for several months


a severe disease chiefly of children and characterized by painful inflammation of the joints and frequently damage to the heart valves


heart disease caused by recurrent episodes of rheumatic fever; characterized by changes in the myocardium or scarring of the heart valves that reduce the power of the heart to pump blood


epidemic in the 15th and 16th centuries and characterized by profuse sweating and high mortality


infection transmitted by inhalation or ingestion of tubercle bacilli and manifested in fever and small lesions (usually in the lungs but in various other parts of the body in acute stages)


acute tuberculosis characterized by the appearance of tiny tubercles on one or more organs of the body (presumably resulting from tubercle bacilli being spread in the bloodstream)


oewn-pulmonary_tuberculosis-n oewn-consumption-n oewn-phthisis-n oewn-wasting_disease-n oewn-white_plague-n

involving the lungs with progressive wasting of the body


a form of tuberculosis characterized by swellings of the lymphatic glands


serious infection marked by intestinal inflammation and ulceration; caused by Salmonella typhosa ingested with food or water


a disease of the respiratory mucous membrane


an infectious tropical disease resembling syphilis in its early stages; marked by red skin eruptions and ulcerating lesions


caused by a flavivirus transmitted by a mosquito


a disease affecting the respiratory system


a mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages (but not the lungs)

will they never find a cure for the common cold?


a common cold affecting the nasal passages and resulting in congestion and sneezing and headache


respiratory disorder characterized by wheezing; usually of allergic origin


a prolonged and severe asthma attack that does not respond to standard treatment


inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchial tubes


inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchioles


a form of bronchitis characterized by excess production of sputum leading to a chronic cough and obstruction of air flow


a nonreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis; usually patients have been heavy cigarette smokers


oewn-coccidioidomycosis-n oewn-coccidiomycosis-n oewn-valley_fever-n oewn-desert_rheumatism-n

an infection of the lungs and skin characterized by excessive sputum and nodules


a fungal infection characterized by nodular lesions--first in the lungs and spreading to the nervous system


an abnormal condition of the lungs marked by decreased respiratory function; associated with smoking or chronic bronchitis or old age


respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants


an acute respiratory disease marked by high fever and coughing; caused by mycoplasma; primarily affecting children and young adults


pneumonia characterized by acute inflammation of the walls of the bronchioles


chronic lung disease affecting the interstitial tissue of the lungs


pneumonia affecting one or more lobes of the lung; commonly due to streptococcal infection


acute (sometimes fatal) lobar pneumonia caused by bacteria of a kind first recognized after an outbreak of the disease at an American Legion convention in Philadelphia in 1976; characterized by fever and muscle and chest pain and headache and chills and a dry cough


pneumonia caused by bacteria of the genus pneumococcus


pneumonia occurring in infants or in persons with impaired immune systems (as AIDS victims)


abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung; may be spontaneous (due to injury to the chest) or induced (as a treatment for tuberculosis)


an atypical pneumonia caused by a rickettsia microorganism and transmitted to humans from infected birds


chronic respiratory disease caused by inhaling metallic or mineral particles


oewn-anthracosis-n oewn-black_lung-n oewn-black_lung_disease-n oewn-coal_miner-ap-s_lung-n

lung disease caused by inhaling coal dust


lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles


fibrosis of the lung caused by iron dust; occurs among welders and other metal workers


a lung disease caused by inhaling particles of silica or quartz or slate


an acute lung disease of the newborn (especially the premature newborn); lungs cannot expand because of a wetting agent is lacking; characterized by rapid shallow breathing and cyanosis and the formation of a glassy hyaline membrane over the alveoli


oewn-genetic_disease-n oewn-genetic_disorder-n oewn-genetic_abnormality-n oewn-genetic_defect-n oewn-congenital_disease-n oewn-inherited_disease-n oewn-inherited_disorder-n oewn-hereditary_disease-n oewn-hereditary_condition-n

a disease or disorder that is inherited genetically


a rare inherited disorder of fat metabolism; characterized by severe deficiency of beta-lipoproteins and abnormal red blood cells (acanthocytes) and abnormally low cholesterol levels


a congenital absence of eyelids (partial or complete)


the congenital absence of pigmentation in the eyes and skin and hair


a defect in brain development resulting in small or missing brain hemispheres


congenital absence of fingers and/or toes


oewn-color_blindness-n oewn-colour_blindness-n oewn-color_vision_deficiency-n oewn-colour_vision_deficiency-n

genetic inability to distinguish differences in hue


visual impairment in which an object is seen as two objects

diplopia often disappears when one eye is covered


a congenital abnormality in males in which the urethra is on the upper surface of the penis


oewn-dichromacy-n oewn-dichromatism-n oewn-dichromatopsia-n oewn-dichromia-n oewn-dichromasy-n

a deficiency of color vision in which the person can match any given hue by mixing only two other wavelengths of light (as opposed to the three wavelengths needed by people with normal color vision)


dichromacy characterized by a lowered sensitivity to green light resulting in an inability to distinguish green and purplish-red


dichromacy characterized by lowered sensitivity to long wavelengths of light resulting in an inability to distinguish red and purplish blue


a form of dichromacy characterized by lowered sensitivity to yellow light; so rare that its existence has been questioned


rare form of dichromacy characterized by a lowered sensitivity to blue light resulting in an inability to distinguish blue and yellow


oewn-monochromacy-n oewn-monochromatism-n oewn-monochromatic_vision-n oewn-monochromia-n oewn-monochromasy-n

complete color blindness; colors can be differentiated only on the basis of brightness


oewn-cystic_fibrosis-n oewn-CF-n oewn-fibrocystic_disease_of_the_pancreas-n oewn-pancreatic_fibrosis-n oewn-mucoviscidosis-n

the most common hereditary disease; the child's lungs and intestines and pancreas become clogged with thick mucus; caused by defect in a single gene; no cure is known


any of a number of diseases in which an inherited defect (usually a missing or inadequate enzyme) results in an abnormality of metabolism


a genetic disease (autosomal recessive) in which an enzyme needed to metabolize galactose is deficient or absent; typically develops shortly after birth


a rare chronic disorder of lipid metabolism of genetic origin


congenital condition in which the colon does not have the normal network of nerves; there is little urge to defecate so the feces accumulate and cause megacolon


a pattern of symptoms occurring as a result of damage to nerves in the cervical region of the spine (drooping eyelids and constricted pupils and absence of facial sweating)


hereditary disease; develops in adulthood and ends in dementia


oewn-Hurler-ap-s_syndrome-n oewn-Hurler-ap-s_disease-n oewn-gargoylism-n oewn-dysostosis_multiplex-n oewn-lipochondrodystrophy-n

hereditary disease (autosomal recessive) consisting of an error is mucopolysaccharide metabolism; characterized by severe abnormalities in development of skeletal cartilage and bone and mental retardation


any of a group of genetic disorders involving a defect in the metabolism of mucopolysaccharides resulting in greater than normal levels of mucopolysaccharides in tissues


hereditary condition in which certain anesthetics (e.g., halothane) cause high body temperatures and muscle rigidity


an autosomal dominant disease characterized by elongated bones (especially of limbs and digits) and abnormalities of the eyes and circulatory system


autosomal dominant disease characterized by numerous neurofibromas and by spots on the skin and often by developmental abnormalities


autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones that fracture easily


a genetic disorder characterized by high levels of beta-lipoproteins and cholesterol; can lead to atherosclerosis at an early age


a hereditary disorder characterized by low levels of beta-lipoproteins and lipids and cholesterol


any of several congenital diseases in which the skin is dry and scaly like a fish


a congenital defect in which the top of the head is depressed (concave instead of convex)


a congenital defect in which one or more toes or fingers are abnormally positioned


a congenital disorder characterized by an abnormally large tongue; often seen in cases of Down's syndrome


oewn-mongolism-n oewn-mongolianism-n oewn-Down-ap-s_syndrome-n oewn-Down_syndrome-n oewn-trisomy_21-n

a congenital disorder caused by having an extra 21st chromosome; results in a flat face and short stature and mental retardation


an inherited disorder of metabolism in which the urine has a odor characteristic of maple syrup; if untreated it can lead to mental retardation and death in early childhood


an inherited disease in which abnormal amounts of glycogen accumulate in skeletal muscle; results in weakness and cramping


any of several hereditary diseases of the muscular system characterized by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles


congenital condition in which some fingers or toes are missing


congenital condition in which some of the teeth are missing


hereditary disorder in which ossification of the labyrinth of the inner ear causes tinnitus and eventual deafness


a form of muscular dystrophy that sets in in adolescence or adulthood and progresses slowly but will affect all voluntary muscles; characterized by generalized weakness and muscle wasting that affects limb and trunk muscles first; similar to Duchenne's muscular dystrophy but less severe; inheritance is X-linked recessive (carried by females but affecting only males)


a form of muscular dystrophy that sets in between 40 and 60 years of age and is characterized by weakness and wasting of the muscles of the hands and forearms and lower legs; inheritance is autosomal dominant


the most common form of muscular dystrophy; inheritance is X-linked recessive (carried by females but affecting only males)


a disease caused by a dominant mutant gene on an autosome


a disease caused by the presence of two recessive mutant genes on an autosome


an autosomal recessive form of muscular dystrophy that appears anywhere from late childhood to middle age; characterized by progressive muscular weakness beginning either in the shoulder or pelvic girdle; usually progresses slowly with cardiopulmonary complications in the later stages


an inborn error of metabolism in which the lack of certain enzymes leads to an inability to metabolize the amino acid lysine; characterized by muscular weakness and mental retardation


oewn-myotonic_muscular_dystrophy-n oewn-myotonic_dystrophy-n oewn-myotonia_atrophica-n oewn-Steinert-ap-s_disease-n

a severe form of muscular dystrophy marked by generalized weakness and muscular wasting that affects the face and feet and hands and neck; difficult speech and difficulty with the hands that spreads to the arms and shoulders and legs and hips; the onset can be any time from birth to middle age and the progression is slow; inheritance is autosomal dominant


a form of muscular dystrophy that usually begins between early adulthood and middle age and first affects muscles of the eyelid and throat; progresses slowly with swallowing problems common as the disease progresses; inheritance is autosomal dominant


a disorder of lipid metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait


a congenital abnormality of the skull; the top of the skull assumes a cone shape


anemia characterized by pancytopenia resulting from failure of the bone marrow; can be caused by neoplasm or by toxic exposure


severe anemia in newborn babies; the result of Rh incompatibility between maternal and fetal blood; typically occurs when the child of an Rh-negative mother inherits Rh-positive blood from the father; can be diagnosed before birth by amniocentesis


a rare congenital anemia characterized by pancytopenia and hypoplasia of the bone marrow


anemia resulting from eating fava beans; victims have an inherited blood abnormality and enzyme deficiency


anemia resulting from destruction of erythrocytes


anemia characterized by an increase in the concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin


anemia characterized by a decrease in the concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin


anemia resulting from inadequately functioning bone marrow; can develop into aplastic anemia


a form of anemia due to lack of iron in the diet or to iron loss as a result of chronic bleeding


local anemia in a given body part sometimes resulting from vasoconstriction or thrombosis or embolism


the most common kind of stroke; caused by an interruption in the flow of blood to the brain (as from a clot blocking a blood vessel)


brief episode in which the brain gets insufficient blood supply; symptoms depend on the site of the blockage


iron deficiency anemia in young women; characterized by weakness and menstrual disturbances and a green color to the skin


anemia in which the average size of erythrocytes is larger than normal


anemia in which the average size of erythrocytes is smaller than normal


a condition in which parasites are present in the blood


oewn-pernicious_anemia-n oewn-pernicious_anaemia-n oewn-malignant_anemia-n oewn-malignant_anaemia-n

a chronic progressive anemia of older adults; thought to result from a lack of intrinsic factor (a substance secreted by the stomach that is responsible for the absorption of vitamin B12)


anemia characterized by many large immature and dysfunctional red blood cells (megaloblasts) in the bone marrow; associated with pernicious anemia


pernicious anemia in which the various formed elements in the blood are changed


any of various anemic conditions that are not successfully treated by any means other than blood transfusions (and that are not associated with another primary disease)


oewn-sideroblastic_anemia-n oewn-sideroblastic_anaemia-n oewn-siderochrestic_anemia-n oewn-siderochrestic_anaemia-n

refractory anemia characterized by sideroblasts in the bone marrow


a deficiency of iron; results from inadequate iron in the diet or from hemorrhage


oewn-sickle-cell_anemia-n oewn-sickle-cell_anaemia-n oewn-sickle-cell_disease-n oewn-crescent-cell_anemia-n oewn-crescent-cell_anaemia-n oewn-drepanocytic_anemia-n oewn-drepanocytic_anaemia-n

a congenital form of anemia occurring mostly in blacks; characterized by abnormal blood cells having a crescent shape


a congenital progressive disorder of lipid metabolism having an onset at age 5 and characterized by blindness and dementia and early death


oewn-Tay-Sachs_disease-n oewn-Tay-Sachs-n oewn-Sachs_disease-n oewn-infantile_amaurotic_idiocy-n

a hereditary disorder of lipid metabolism occurring most frequently in individuals of Jewish descent in eastern Europe; accumulation of lipids in nervous tissue results in death in early childhood


a rare autosomal recessive disease in which the platelets do not produce clots in the normal way and hemorrhage results


autosomal recessive defect in tyrosine metabolism resulting in liver and kidney disturbances and mental retardation


autosomal recessive disease in which the degeneration of spinal nerve cells and brain nerve cells leads to atrophy of skeletal muscles and flaccid paralysis; death usually occurs in early childhood


congenital tendency to uncontrolled bleeding; usually affects males and is transmitted from mother to son


the absence of fibrinogen in the plasma leading to prolonged bleeding


oewn-hemophilia_A-n oewn-haemophilia_A-n oewn-classical_hemophilia-n oewn-classical_haemophilia-n

hemophilia caused by a congenital deficiency of factor VIII; occurs almost exclusively in men


a clotting disorder similar to hemophilia A but caused by a congenital deficiency of factor IX


a form of hemophilia discovered by Erik von Willebrand; a genetic disorder that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait; characterized by a deficiency of the coagulation factor and by mucosal bleeding


a rare congenital disorder of blood coagulation in which no fibrinogen is found in the blood plasma


inflammation of the stomach and intestines; can be caused by Salmonella enteritidis


often fatal form of gastroenteritis occurring in children; not true cholera but having similar symptoms


severe gastroenteritis of unknown etiology; characterized by severe colic and vomiting and diarrhea


inflammation of the female pelvic organs (especially the Fallopian tubes) caused by infection by any of several microorganisms (chiefly gonococci and chlamydia); symptoms are abdominal pain and fever and foul-smelling vaginal discharge


a collection of pus in a body cavity (especially in the lung cavity)


inflammation of the pleura of the lungs (especially the parietal layer)


any disease of the throat or fauces marked by spasmodic attacks of intense suffocative pain


a painful pus filled inflammation of the tonsils and surrounding tissues; usually a complication of tonsillitis


a disease of infants and young children; harsh coughing and hoarseness and fever and difficult breathing


abnormal downward or back placement of the tongue


excessive movement; especially excessive motility of the gastrointestinal tract


the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms


oewn-amebiasis-n oewn-amoebiasis-n oewn-amebiosis-n oewn-amoebiosis-n


inflammation of the intestines caused by Endamoeba histolytica; usually acquired by ingesting food or water contaminated with feces; characterized by severe diarrhea


a sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria of the genus Chlamydia


infestation with the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica; liver damage sometimes occurs; related to liver rot


infestation with the large intestinal fluke Fasciolopsis buski; common in eastern Asia


a painful and debilitating infestation contracted by drinking stagnant water contaminated with Guinea worm larvae that can mature inside a human's abdomen until the worm emerges through a painful blister in the person's skin


an infestation with or a resulting infection caused by the pinworm Enterobius vermicularis; occurs especially in children


a purulent infection at the end of a finger or toe in the area surrounding the nail


bacterial infection limited to a specific organ or region especially one causing symptoms elsewhere


an inflammatory condition caused by a fungus


infection of the intestines with protozoa found in contaminated food and water; characterized by diarrhea and nausea and flatulence and abdominal discomfort


oewn-hemorrhagic_fever-n oewn-haemorrhagic_fever-n oewn-viral_hemorrhagic_fever-n oewn-viral_haemorrhagic_fever-n oewn-VHF-n

a group of illnesses caused by a viral infection (usually restricted to a specific geographic area); fever and gastrointestinal symptoms are followed by capillary hemorrhage


a viral infection (usually in children) marked by sore throat and fever and papules in the mouth and throat and headache and abdominal pain; usually subsides in a short time


sores resulting from a tropical infection by protozoa of the genus Leishmania which are spread by sandflies


an infection that is acquired at a hospital or other healthcare facility


any infection caused by a microorganism that does not normally cause disease in humans; occurs in persons with abnormally functioning immune systems (as AIDS patients or transplant patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs)


infection in the tissues adjacent to a nail on a finger or toe


infection of the lower respiratory tract


an infection common in Arab states caused by a bunyavirus; transmitted by a tick that thrives on sheep


an infection common in Africa caused by a bunyavirus; transmitted by mosquitoes or by handling infected animals


infection by the human immunodeficiency virus


a respiratory disease of unknown etiology that apparently originated in mainland China in 2003; characterized by fever and coughing or difficulty breathing or hypoxia; can be fatal


infection of the upper respiratory tract


a contagious skin infection caused by the itch mite; characterized by persistent itching and skin irritation


an infestation with or a resulting infection caused by a parasite of the genus Schistosoma; common in the tropics and Far East; symptoms depend on the part of the body infected


the presence of pus-forming bacteria or their toxins in the blood or tissues


oewn-visceral_leishmaniasis-n oewn-kala-azar-n oewn-Assam_fever-n oewn-dumdum_fever-n


oewn-cutaneous_leishmaniasis-n oewn-Old_World_leishmaniasis-n oewn-oriental_sore-n oewn-tropical_sore-n oewn-Delhi_boil-n oewn-Aleppo_boil-n

leishmaniasis of the skin; characterized by ulcerative skin lesions


a form of leishmaniasis endemic in Mexico and Central American and South America; sores are limited to the skin and mucosa


an infection caused by fungi of the genus Monilia or Candida (especially Candida albicans)


fungal infection of the skin (especially of moist parts covered by clothing)


a contagious fungal infection of the scalp; occurs mainly in Africa and the Middle East