(usually plural) one of a series of antiphons and responses expressing the remonstrance of Jesus Christ with his people, usually sung on Good Friday.

In their present form in the Roman Rite, the Improperia are a series of three couplets, sung antiphonally by cantors and followed by alternate Greek and Latin responses from the two halves of the choir; and nine other lines sung by the cantors, with the full choir responding after each with the refrain "Popule meus, quid feci tibi? . . . ."


A thesis submitted for a master's degree.

The term graduate thesis is sometimes used to refer to both master's theses and doctoral dissertations.


a fusion genre of heavy metal music and traditional folk music that developed in Europe during the 1990s.

Even with the departure of Martin Walkyier in 2001, Skyclad remains an active folk metal group today after nearly two decades since their formation.


a meaningless chant or expression used in conjuring or incantation.

This claim is substantiated by the fact that in the Netherlands, the words Hocus pocus are usually accompanied by the additional words pilatus pas, and this is said to be based on a post-Reformation parody of the traditional Catholic ritual of transubstantiation during mass, being a Dutch corruption of the Latin words "Hoc est corpus", meaning this is (my) body, and the credo "sub Pontio Pilato passus et sepultus est", meaning under Pontius Pilate he suffered and was buried.


prior to 1968 a court title given by the Pope to high-ranking clergy as well as laypersons, usually members of prominent Italian noble families.

From the days of Pope Leo I (440-461) the pontifical household had included papal chamberlains who were personal attendants on the Pope in his private apartments.


a rhyme of but a single stressed syllable, as in disdain, complain.

In English-language poetry, especially serious verse, masculine rhymes comprise a majority of all rhymes.


Etiquette practiced or advocated in electronic communication over a computer network.

I know there is a UK political blog war going on at the moment about 'netiquette' and lies and spin and deceit, and I have not wanted to join in.


a platform to build social networks or social relations among people who share similar interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections.

Social networking services are increasingly being used in legal and criminal investigations.


any information, minutes, files, accounts or other records which a governmental body is required to maintain, and which must be accessible to scrutiny by the public.

Although public records are records of public business, they are not necessarily available without restriction, although Freedom of Information legislation (FOI) that has been gradually introduced in many jurisdictions since the 1960s has made access easier.


a type of music resembling the blues that is related to, but more earthy and modal in approach than, straight bop.

Hard bop first developed in the mid-1950s, and is generally seen as originating with The Jazz Messengers, a quartet led by pianist Horace Silver and drummer Art Blakey.


bringing radio signals into homes and businesses via coaxial cable.

On the East Coast the most popular commercial cable radio station was WLHE, started in 1979 in Woburn, Massachusetts.


in cartooning, a rounded outline containing words.

Speech bubbles are used not only to include a character's words, but also emotions, voice inflections and unspecified language.


a type of consonant in some languages, e.g., Hausa, produced by sudden release of pressure from the glottis.

The vast majority of ejective consonants noted in the world's languages consists of stops or affricates, and all ejective consonants are obstruents.


a Semitic language of ancient Ethiopia, now used only as the liturgical language of the Ethiopian Church.

Some linguists do not believe that Geʻez constitutes the common ancestor of modern Ethiopian languages, but that Geʻez became a separate language early on from some hypothetical, completely unattested language, and can thus be seen as an extinct sister language of Tigre and Tigrinya.


a diacritic mark of the Latin script, used primarily in written Hungarian.

Standard Hungarian has 14 vowels in a symmetrical system: seven short vowels (a, e, i, o, ö, u, ü) and seven long ones, which are written with an acute accent in the case of á, é, í, ó, ú, and with the double acute in the case of ő, ű.


a type of synthetic language in which single morphemes can convey multiple pieces of information.


an inflectional language, or one characterized by grammatical endings.

English is a mildly synthetic language, while older Indo-European languages, like Latin, Greek and Sanskrit, are highly synthetic.


a language in which words are made up of a linear sequence of distinct morphemes and each component of meaning is represented by its own morpheme.

Agglutinative languages tend to have a high rate of affixes/morphemes per word, and to be very regular, in particular with very few irregular verbs.


oewn-post-alveolar-n oewn-postalveolar-n oewn-post-alveolar_consonant-n oewn-postalveolar_consonant-n

(phonetics) Any sound articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge.

The sibilant postalveolars (i.e. fricatives and affricates) are sometimes called "hush consonants" because they include the sound of English Shhh! (as distinguished from the "hiss consonant" [s], as in Ssss!).


In English and many other languages (e.g. French, Russian and Czech), the sets of relative and interrogative pronouns are nearly identical.


the tense that is used to refer to events, actions, and conditions that are happening all the time, or exist now.

The sentences "I live in Madrid", "She doesn't like cheese", and "I think you're wrong" are all in the present simple.


an aorist formed by adding sigma or -s to the stem.

The sigmatic aorist has disappeared in Baltic, so our information on this category is limited to the Slavic data.


an aorist that lacks the sigma or -s phoneme.

Over time, the asigmatic aorist became increasingly marked as an archaic language feature and was eventually replaced by the other two aorist formations.


the form of a verb used to describe an action that happened before the present time and is no longer happening.

Regular verbs form the simple past in -ed; however there are a few hundred irregular verbs with different forms.


a verb form expressing action as single in its occurrence without repetition or continuation.

Semelfactive verbs include "blink", "sneeze", and "knock".


a verb form expressing action as complete or as implying the notion of completion, conclusion, or result.

Perfective verbs are commonly formed from imperfective ones by the addition of a prefix, or else the imperfective verb is formed from the perfective one by modification of the stem or ending.


A verb that explicitly conveys the kind of speech act being performed.

It is for this reason that apologize is called a performative verb, defined as a verb denoting linguistic action that can both describe a speech act and express it.


the name of an object which may be perceived by one or more of the five senses.

"Kitten" is an example of a concrete noun. A kitten registers with the five senses: you can see a kitten, pet its fur, smell its breath, hear it purr and taste its kisses.


The fact that baroque flautist is the personal noun form can be deduced from the fact that flautist is the personal noun form of the head noun flute.


a preposition consisting of a single word.

In the English language we have approximately 70 simple prepositions.


a preposition that consists of a group of words that act as one unit.

Examples of complex prepositions in English include in spite of, with respect to, except for, by dint of, and next to.


That state of an adverb indicating simple quality, without comparison or relation to increase or diminution.

An example using a positive-degree adverb that doesn't end in -ly would be the adverb "fast" in the sentence, "She drove fast."


An adverb that describes how the action of a verb is carried out.

Adverbs of manner (like "desperately") can modify verbs directly.


the pronouncing of a sound without lip rounding.

Historically, phonemic schwa seems to have developed by delabialization and denasalization of a low, back, rounded and nasalized vowel.


imitation of or resemblance to the oratorical or literary style of Cicero especially as practiced or produced by the Ciceronians of the early Renaissance.

Ciceronianism of the narrowest variety towards a more direct and natural form of expression.


oewn-surreal_humor-n oewn-surreal_humour-n oewn-absurdist_humour-n oewn-absurdist_humor-n

is a form of humour predicated on deliberate violations of causal reasoning, producing events and behaviours that are obviously illogical.

Surreal humour is also found frequently in avant-garde theatre such as Waiting for Godot and Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead.


The piano instructor believes in encouraging her students but avoids any overpraise that might make them complacent.


(usually plural) a command or set of commands covering an entire day issued by a military organization or a military commander to troops, sailors, etc.

They ran everything and issued daily orders from the occupied Headquarters.


Either of two letters in Cyrillic alphabets, which originally represented phonemically the ultra-short vowels in Slavic languages.

For determining whether a yer is strong or weak, it is necessary to break the continuous flow of speech into individual words, or prosodic units (phrases which have only a single stressed syllable, and typically include a preposition or other clitic words).


The Cyrillic letter Ъ/ъ, which in modern languages serves to denote a hard (non-palatalized) consonant.

The final yer appears to be a back yer, but several corrections to this letter have been made.


The Cyrillic letter Ь/ь, which in Old Church Slavonic represented a short (or "reduced") front vowel, and in modern languages serves to denote a soft (palatalized) consonant.

The yers in weak position were lost, although not in some instances before palatalizing the preceeding consonant by the front yer b.


a yer semivowel that was not reduced to an ultrashort vowel, but instead evolved into different sound in a modern Slavic language.

Counting from the last yer in a word, the final yer is weak, the previous yer is strong, the previous yer is weak, etc., until a full vowel is reached, and then the pattern is started again with alternating weak then strong yers.


a yer semivowel that was reduced to an ultrashort vowel, and eventually disappeared in a modern Slavic language.


a word or idiom of the Greek language used in another language, especially for literary effect.

A key to identifying the channel of transmission of a Grecism to Yiddish is the geography of the Grecism within Yiddish.


A linguistic feature of Yiddish, especially a Yiddish idiom or phrasing that appears in another language.


a grammatical compound not having the same syntactic function in the sentence as any one of its immediate constituents.

The noun bittersweet is an exocentric compound, since it is a noun but its elements are both adjectives.


having the same syntactic function in the sentence as one of its immediate constituents.

Greenhouse is an endocentric compound, since it is a noun as is its head house.


a morpheme that signifies the past tense of a verb.

In English, The most popular past tense morpheme is indicated by the suffix -ed added to regular verbs.


a morpheme that signifies the present tense of a verb.

The third-person singular present-tense morpheme is a survival from the time that English was an inflected language with several suffixes to distinguish person and number.


nasalization that consists of an oral vowel followed by a nasal semivowel.

It is only before a fricative (and for a in word-final position) that e and a are pronounced as asynchronous nasal vowels, that is, [eu] and [ou].


Just as hath is a poeticism in Keats and an unmarked form for Shakespeare, sogebided may have been a poeticism to Alfred and an unmarked form for Qedmon.


The Suicide of Solitude, a "tragifarce" production, is currently being performed by the local theatre troupe at Rochford Winery in Healesville.


A radio dispatch gets its veracity from the authentic sound of the reporter being in the scene--even interacting with others in the scene.


a news dispatch from the international news agency Reuters.

A Reuters dispatch the next day left the clear impression that the attack might have something to do with opponents of embryonic stem cell research.


(often plural) a subtitle whose text is irreversibly merged in original video frames.

Also, since you're not really encoding the video itself, the quality of the subbed version is a lot better for softsubs than hardsubs.


His letter home has a touch of self-mockery.


language designed to persuade or influence others.

Martin Luther King Jr. used rhetorical language to get his point across; everyone should be treated equal.


an expression of hope for someone's future happiness or welfare.

We sent our best wishes for a speedy recovery.


the words (as sincerely yours) that conventionally come immediately before the signature of a letter and express the sender's regard for the receiver.

Although a complimentary close is not required, it is almost standard in professional emails.


A section of text that comes before the story.

The promythium originally functioned to index the fable according to its subject, so that a would-be orator could easily locate exempla relative to his topic.


an early subgenre of trance music that peaked prominently on the international dance scene between 1995 and 1998.

The creation of dream trance was a response to social pressures in Italy during the early 1990s; the growth of rave culture among young adults, and the ensuing popularity of nightclub attendance, had created a weekly trend of deaths due to car accidents as clubbers drove across the country overnight, falling asleep at the wheel from strenuous dancing as well as alcohol and drug use.


a name of a "minor" or small natural feature (e.g., a field, path, bridge, ditch, etc.).

Larrain is the name of a farmhouse in Astigarraga (Gipuzkoa) and a microtoponym in the same province.


Diligent reviewers and careful editors can identify mistakes, provide balance, and restrain overinterpretation.


An order placed with a broker that is executed after a given stop price has been reached, and then becomes a limit order to buy (or sell) at the limit price or better.

A stop-limit order at $15 in such a scenario would not be exercised, since the stock falls from $20 to $12.50 without touching $15.


The results of marketing research that are used to plan for future marketing or product development activities.

Smart investors want marketing information about what consumers want to view and the public's opinion.


a syllable with a branching nucleus or a branching rime.

A heavy syllable consists of a long vowel or a diphthong, or a short vowel followed by one or more consonants in the same syllable.


a syllable with a short vowel as the nucleus and no coda.

A light syllable consists of a single short vowel in an open syllable.


a syllable ended by a vowel or diphthong.

An open syllable occurs when a vowel is at the end of the syllable, resulting in the long vowel sound, e.g. pa/per, e/ven, o/pen, go & we.


The vowel in a closed syllable is short.


(linguistics) an ordinary vowel that is produced without nasalization.

An oral vowel is produced with the soft palate in a raised position, so that there is no airflow through the nasal cavity.


A vowel which is normally pronounced somewhat longer than other vowels (usually around 1½ to double length).

Long vowel is the term used to refer to vowel sounds whose pronunciation is the same as its letter name.


In languages that distinguish vowel length, a vowel which is normally pronounced shorter than a long vowel.

When a vowel is followed by a consonant, the vowel is short.


(linguistics) A vowel that is pronounced with the lips drawn together and forming a circular opening.

Thus rounded vowels and labialized consonants affect each other through phonetic assimilation: Rounded vowels labialize consonants, and labialized consonants round vowels.


a vowel sound in which the lips are slack or drawn back.

Strangely, Japanese too shows lenition of dental plosives neighbouring back vowels ie. specifically, the high back unrounded vowel u.


(phonetics) Any vowel sound produced in the front of the mouth.

Examples of front vowels include "a" in "man" and "e" in "gel".


(phonetics) Any vowel sound produced in the back of the mouth.

Examples of back vowels include "u" in "rule" and "o" in "pole".


(linguistics) Any vowel sound made with a somewhat elevated position of some certain part of the tongue, in relation to the palate; midway between the high and the low.

A consonant and a following mid vowel must agree in backness.


(linguistics) any vowel sound in which the tongue is positioned halfway between a front vowel and a back vowel.

In practice, unrounded central vowels tend to be further forward and rounded central vowels further back.


an unstressed, central variant of a fuller vowel.


a consonant sound in speech that is made by allowing air to escape from the mouth, as opposed to the nose.

That is, especially within complex units, there may not be enough time to articulate a nasal at one point of articulation and an oral consonant at another.


a speech sound having as an obvious concomitant an audible puff of breath, as initial stop consonants or initial h -sounds.

The p in English pot is an aspirate, but the p in spot is not.


An entry, such as one in an account or reference work, that is included within a main entry.

The middle stem of most transitive verbs are given as a subentry (in italics) under the transitive verb entry (in bold face).


A pronoun acting as an adjective, such as which in which dictionaries?

Others is a compound pronoun, including both an adjective pronoun and a noun, and is equivalent to other men.


title of the member of any of several religious orders that cared for the sick in hospitals.

The person who had the title of hospitaller was in charge ofall the hospital staff, its brothers on the wards, its sisters, lay brothers, servants, and specialized employees.


a simplified form of the Cyrillic alphabet, introduced by Tsar Peter the Great for printing secular works.

The introduction of the civil script, designed under Peter the Great for scientific and academic pursuits, altered the system in a decisive way.


An added title page bearing the series title proper and usually, though not necessarily, other information about the series.

The series title is given on a separate series title page, usually the verso of the leaf bearing the half title.


In Deuteronomy it is often impossible to separate parenesis from history.


a subtype of the mezzo-soprano with a range from approximately the G below middle C (G3) to the B two octaves above middle C (B5).

Although coloratura mezzo-sopranos have impressive and at times thrilling high notes, they are most comfortable singing in the middle of their range, rather than the top.


a subtype of the mezzo-soprano with a range from approximately the F below middle C to the G two octaves above middle C.

The dramatic mezzo-soprano can sing over an orchestra and chorus with ease and was often used in the 19th century opera, to portray older women, mothers, witches and evil characters.


a subtype of the mezzo-soprano with a range from approximately the G below middle C (G3) to the A two octaves above middle C (A5).

Lyric mezzo-sopranos do not have the vocal agility of the coloratura mezzo-soprano or the size of the dramatic mezzo-soprano.


The name of a Saint taken as a proper name.

This Native place name was used for a while in parallel with the hagionym Saint-Francois-Xavier (1850s) as well as another ”official” toponym, Grantown, named after Cuthbert Grant.


a clitic that is associated with a following word.

The indefinite article 'a' is a proclitic, a word that wants to merge phonologically with the word that follows it.


a characteristic feature of Aramaic occurring in another language.

Even Joachim Jeremias, one of the prime champions of this criterion, recognized that the mere presence of an Aramaism could not prove the authenticity of an independent unit of translation.


a speech sound by which the airstream flows inward through the mouth or nose.

An ingressive is a speech sound that is articulated using an inwards moving airstream mechanism.


the use in a text of different tones or viewpoints, whose interaction or contradiction is important to the text's interpretation.

What caught my eye about this is that it bears interesting relation to Bakhtin's concept of the dialogism of the "living word" -- in fact, capitalize that "w" and it would be downright eerie.


a constructed language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien, a sign language used by the Dwarves of Middle-Earth.

Iglishmêk is by far the most advanced of the gesture languages of Middle-earth, being the most elaborate and organized system.


harmony in which each chord has three notes that create three melodic lines.

Preserving harmonic integrity presents its own significant problems, if only because four-part harmony, compared with three-part harmony, is structurally quite different (some would say organically different).


a sentence that is an exclamation, a general or striking comment, or a succinct summary of what has previously been said.

In Chaucer's The Reeve's Tale, the Reeve drives home his story of a cheating Miller by summarizing the tale that he has told in an epiphonema.


a descriptive word or phrase which an author regularly or standardly uses to describe an object or, more often, a person.

Stock epithets are most commonly used in literature which is based on a strong oral tradition, for example, some types of epic poetry and ballad.


small circular, rectangular, or square advertisement appearing usually at the bottom of a webpage.

They are mostly ideal for co-branding excercises, where one website associates itself intrinsically with another via the use of a button ad instead of normal hyperlink.


An act structure found in early twentieth century stage dramas, such as those of Anton Chekhov and Henrik Ibsen.

The technical feat which Ibsen here achieves of carrying through without a single break the whole action of a four-act play has been much commented on and admired.


an adverbial that describes when the action of a verb is carried out.

An adverb phrase that answers the question "when?" is called a temporal adverbial.


an adverbial that indicates why the particular action of the verb is taken.

It is common for more than one type of adverbial to appear in a sentence, as in Jonathan ran a race for fun last weekend, where there is an adverbial of reason and an adverbial of time.


an adverbial that expresses an idea that suggests the opposite of the main part of the sentence.

A number of them deal with marked forms within the verb phrase, but at least downtoners, concessive adverbials and pied piping constructions do not fall in this category.


an adverbial that describes how the action of a verb is carried out.

Manner adverbials (peacefully) come before place adverbials (in our beds).


an adverbial that talks about a possible or counterfactual situation and its consequences.

This suggests an adverbial of condition; Old furniture will last forever if you polish it regularly


(grammar) a pronoun having no specific referent, such as someone, anybody, or nothing.

In "many disagree with his views" the word "many" functions as an indefinite pronoun, while in "many people disagree with his views" it functions as a quantifier.


any of various methods of using flags or pennants to send signals.

Flag signals allowed communication at a distance before the invention of radio and are still used especially in connection with ships.


(usually plural) a saying of Jesus not in the canonical gospels but found in other New Testament or early Christian writings.

According to the Roman Catholic Church, for Agrapha to be genuine, they must be supported by external and internal evidence.


a sign, abbreviation, letter, or character standing for words in ancient manuscripts or on coins or medals.

One practice was rendering an over-used, formulaic phrase only as a siglum, e.g. RIP for requiescat in pace ("Rest in Peace"), because the long-form written usage of the abbreviated phrase, itself, was rare.


His self-description as an "experimenter" puts him shoulder-to-shoulder with William James and John Dewey.


proof that a boater has taken and passed an approved boater education course.

A boating license or boater education card is required in most states in order to operate a motorized vessel.


a numeral that does not specify an exact number.

Most is an indefinite numeral adjective denoting part of a whole.


Numerals may be attributive, as in two dogs, or pronominal, as in I saw two (of them).


form of didactic drama presenting a series of loosely connected scenes that avoid illusion and often interrupt the story line to address the audience directly with analysis, argument, or documentation.

Epic theatre is now most often associated with the dramatic theory and practice evolved by the playwright-director Bertolt Brecht in Germany from the 1920s onward.


a necessarily true or logically certain proposition.

If the latter, then neither an universally valid, much less an apodictic proposition can arise from it, for experience never can give us any such proposition.


an early technology for the transmission of facsimiles.

Ives then turned his attention to television, which he regard as merely a speeded-up form of phototelegraphy.


a proposition having as its subject a singular term, or a common term limited to an individual by means of a singular sign.

A singular proposition is to be contrasted with a general proposition, which is not about any particular individual, and a particularized proposition, which is about a particular individual but does not contain that individual as a constituent.


The subject of a sentence that expresses the actual agent of an expressed or implied action (as father in "it is your father speaking") or that is the thing about which something is otherwise predicated (as to do right in "it is sometimes hard to do right").

The notion of a logical subject can be made more precise in terms of a definition of reference, for something is a logical subject only if it is a referent of a sentence token.


a term (as a noun or pronoun) in a sentence that occupies the position of the subject in normal English word order and anticipates a subsequent word or phrase that specifies the actual substantive content.

In the sentence "the bear was killed by the hunter," The topicalized goal of the action ("the bear") is the grammatical subject of the passive sentence and is acted upon by the agent ("the hunter"), which is the logical, but not the grammatical, subject of the passive sentence.


a Common Slavonic nasal vowel in the early Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabets.

The names of the letters do not imply capitalization, as both little and big yus exist in majuscule and minuscule variants.


a Common Slavonic nasalized back vowel in the early Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabets.


a Common Slavonic nasalized front vowel in the early Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabets.


a word or line of verse of seven syllables.

On the other hand, this heptasyllable is not merely common in the Saturnian but obviously the "regular" or "normal" form of the longer cola.


verse that is intended to be sung, especially Greek lyric verse of the seventh to fifth century B.C.

We have seen that virtually all the melic verse of antiquity was addressed to someone, primarily because the forms of ancient rhetoric and music required it.


Poetry made up of lines of the same approximate meter and length, not broken up into stanzas.

There are only a few instances of stichic verse in the Menschheitsdammerung, and many of these are simply linked quatrains.


(rhetoric) A figure of speech whereby something is given less importance by the name given it than it merits.

The last and perhaps the most important of the ridiculing figures according to these writers is tapinosis.


a constructed language designed for aesthetic pleasure.

By far the largest group of artistic languages are fictional languages (sometimes also referred to as "professional artlangs"), intended to be the languages of a fictional world, and often designed with the intent of giving more depth and an appearance of plausibility to the fictional worlds with which they are associated, and to have their characters communicate in a fashion which is both alien and dislocated.


an ancient Roman form of writing, and the basis for modern capital letters.

Square capitals were used to write inscriptions, and less often to supplement everyday handwriting.


A rhetorical figure resulting from a reverted arrangement in the last clause of a sentence of the two principal words of the clause preceding; inversion of the members of an antithesis: as, "A poem is a speaking picture; a picture a mute poem".

I am not of Paracelsus's mind, that boldly delivers a receipt to make a man without conjunction; yet cannot but wonder at the multitude of heads that do deny traduction, having no other arguments to confirm their belief than that rhetorical sentence and antimetathesis of Augustine, "creando infunditur, infundendo creatur."


A particular variety of a language that is regarded as the most correct way of writing or speaking the language.

Received Pronunciation (RP) is the accent of Standard English in the United Kingdom, with a relationship to regional accents similar to the relationship in other European languages between their standard varieties and their regional forms.


an Indo-European language that shows distinctive preservation of the Proto-Indo-European labiovelars and that shows a historical development of velar articulations, as the sounds (k) or [kh] from Proto-Indo-European palatal phonemes.

The Centum languages show characteristic plain velars and labiovelars articulated at the back of the mouth in inherited Indo-European lexical items.


Hypotyposis, in other words, makes the mediated appear immediate and induces passive acceptance.


any software program that runs on a user's local computer and accesses data stored on a remote computer.

Your Web browser is a client program that has requested a service from a server; in fact, the service and resouce the server provided is the delivery of this Web page.


(phonetics) A vowel that is produced with a lowering of the velum so that air escapes both through nose as well as the mouth.

In French and Portuguese, nasal vowels are phonemes distinct from oral vowels since words can differ mainly in the nasal or oral quality of a vowel.


(phonetics) articulated with the flexible front part of the tongue.

Only the coronal consonants can be divided into apical (using the tip of the tongue), laminal (using the blade of the tongue), domed (with the tongue bunched up), or subapical (using the underside of the tongue), as well as a few rarer orientations, because only the front of the tongue has such dexterity.


a writing system in which graphemes are ideograms representing concepts or ideas, rather than a specific word in a language.

The successful decipherment was preceded by a long period during which hieroglyphs were wrongly believed to be a purely ideographic script.


A lengthy, formal treatise written by a candidate for the doctoral degree at a university.

The term graduate thesis is sometimes used to refer to both master's theses and doctoral dissertations.


a song associated with the dance "The Twist" and the associated cultural craze.

There was Twist merchandise and memorabilia sold in those times, and many other music artists recorded twist songs.


a praying against evil, against others, or oneself; a prayer for the removal of some evil.

Cicero's defence of Milo is in essence a deprecatio.


a pun made by changing the letters of a word, especially the initial letter.

A paragram is a play on words made by altering a word, or sometimes only a letter, in a common expression or literary allusion.


(grammar) A word that expresses a countable quantity.

Cardinal numerals expressing numbers below 100 are single words, while those expressing higher numbers are syntactically composite.


a sign telling drivers to stop and wait until they can continue safely.

The 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals allows for two types of stop sign, as well as three acceptable variants.


an indication of satisfaction or approval.

The phrase "two thumbs up" has come to be used as an indication of very high quality or unanimity of praise.


a chain letter sent through email messages.

There are many forms of chain email that threaten death or the taking of one's soul by telling tales of others' deaths, such as the Katu Lata Kulu chain email, stating that if it is not forwarded, the receivers of the message will be killed by the spirit.


jazz performed with a regular beat, moderate tempo, lack of improvisation, and an emphasis on warm tone and clearly outlined melody.

The combination of Basie's sweet jazz and Eckstine's low-down blues sensibilities meshed well.


The origin of the one-act play may be traced to the very beginning of drama: in ancient Greece, Cyclops, a satyr play by Euripides, is an early example.


English orthography used in Canada (characterized by 'analyze', 'centre', 'useable')


English orthography used in Australia (characterized by 'analyse', 'centre', 'usable')


oewn-British_spelling-n oewn-British_English_spelling-n oewn-British_English_orthography-n oewn-Irish_spelling-n oewn-Irish_English_spelling-n oewn-Irish_English_orthography-n oewn-New_Zealand_spelling-n oewn-New_Zealand_English_spelling-n oewn-New_Zealand_English_orthography-n oewn-Commonwealth_spelling-n oewn-Commonwealth_English_spelling-n oewn-Commonwealth_English_orthography-n

English orthography used in the UK, Ireland and most of the Commonwealth (characterized by 'analyse', 'centre' and 'useable')


oewn-American_spelling-n oewn-American_English_spelling-n oewn-American_English_orthography-n oewn-US_spelling-n oewn-US_English_spelling-n oewn-US_English_orthography-n

English orthography used in the United States (characterized by 'analyze', 'center', 'usable')


move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion


take position in the rear, as in a military formation or in the line of scrimmage in football

The defender dropped back behind his teammate


fall or drop suddenly, usually to evade some danger

The soldiers hit the dirt when they heard gunfire


slip or fall out of place, as of body parts


dash violently or with great speed or impetuosity


remain in place; hold still; remain fixed or immobile

Traffic stood still when the funeral procession passed by


oewn-grind_to_a_halt-v oewn-get_stuck-v oewn-bog_down-v oewn-mire-v


oewn-travel-v oewn-go-v oewn-move-v oewn-locomote-v

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically


move data into and out of core rather than performing useful computation


move (a piece of a program) into memory, in computer science


The masked men ghosted across the moonlit yard


displace oneself; go from one location to another


The candidate red-eyed from California to the East Coast the night before the election to give a last stump speech


travel by means of an aircraft, bus, etc.


We tubed down the river on a hot summer day


The car pulled over when the ambulance approached at high speed


We never went out when our children were small


the students deserted the campus after the end of exam period


travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route


move, travel, or proceed toward some place


come to see in an official or professional capacity


be a regular or frequent visitor to a certain place


sail or travel about for pleasure, relaxation, or sightseeing


Please keep your seat belt fastened while the plane is reaching cruising altitude


travel all over the world for pleasure and sightseeing


give theatrical performances while traveling from town to town


the antarctic expedition sledged along the coastline


travel on water propelled by wind or by other means

The QE2 will sail to Southampton tomorrow


They trekked towards the North Pole with sleds and skis


journey on foot, especially in the mountains

We spent the summer trekking in the foothills of the Himalayas


travel over (an area of land or sea) in an aircraft

Lindbergh was the first to fly the Atlantic


oewn-move_over-v oewn-give_way-v oewn-give-v oewn-ease_up-v oewn-yield-v

move in order to make room for someone for something


move away from a place into another direction


move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody


It is getting on midnight--let's all go to bed!


The truck entered the driveway and drove up towards the house


cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense

Move those boxes into the corner, please


move text to the previous line; in printing


That vase in the picture is not centered


You cannot re-enter the country with this visa


convey, draw off, or empty by or as if by a siphon


The canal will transit hundreds of ships every day


remove or draw away by the force of suction

the doctors had to suction the water from the patient's lungs


draw something in by or as if by a vacuum


lift and reset in another soil or situation


move a light beam over; in electronics, to reproduce an image


change residence, affiliation, or place of employment


move out of an unsafe location into safety

After the earthquake, residents were evacuated


move from one country or region to another and settle there

Many Germans migrated to South America in the mid-19th century


oewn-stay-v oewn-stick-v oewn-stick_around-v oewn-stay_put-v oewn-remain-v oewn-persist-v

We are staying in Detroit; we are not moving to Cincinnati


start (a motorcycle) by means of a kick starter


start (a car engine) without a key by bypassing the ignition interlock

The woman who lost the car keys had to hot-wire her van


stop or check by or as if by a pull at the reins

He reined in his horses in front of the post office


wind around; move along a circular course


start (a car engine whose battery is dead) by connecting it to another car's battery


move quickly to another scene or focus when filming


Let's flag down a cab--it's starting to rain


The police car pulled up short and then turned around fast


stop for a moment, as if out of uncertainty or caution

She checked for an instant and missed a step


stop in a chase especially when scent is lost


abandon the intended prey, turn, and pursue an inferior prey


My little subcompact car turns on a dime!


stop or slow up one's horse or oneself by or as if by pulling the reins

They reined in in front of the post office


The inexperienced driver kept stalling the car


experience a stall in flight, of airplanes


He pulled up the car in front of the hotel


brake the car before you go into a curve


We had to brake suddenly when a chicken crossed the road


get started or set in motion, used figuratively

the project took a long time to get off the ground


move or cause to move with a sudden jerky motion


to move (the head or body) quickly downwards or away

Before he could duck, another stone struck him


move up and down repeatedly in a quick, short movement


bob forward and under so as to feed off the bottom of a body of water


move (a baby) up and down in one's arms or on one's knees


cause to move by turning over or in a circular manner of as if on an axis


revolve (the telescope of a surveying transit) about its horizontal transverse axis in order to reverse its direction


pass across (a sign or house of the zodiac) or pass across (the disk of a celestial body or the meridian of a place)


transfer a quantity from one side of an equation to the other side reversing its sign, in order to maintain equality


oewn-writhe-v oewn-wrestle-v oewn-wriggle-v oewn-worm-v oewn-squirm-v oewn-twist-v

to move in a twisting or contorted motion, (especially when struggling)


The young man began to sidle near the pretty girl sitting on the log


move with sweeping, effortless, gliding motions


Airplanes were swanning over the mountains


oewn-skid-v oewn-slip-v oewn-slue-v oewn-slew-v oewn-slide-v

move obliquely or sideways, usually in an uncontrolled manner


move forward or under in a sliding motion

The child was injured when he submarined under the safety belt of the car


the car skidded in the curve on the wet road


slide sideways through the air in a downward direction in an airplane along an inclined lateral axis


move unsteadily or with a weaving or rolling motion


His voice wobbled with restrained emotion


come into rough contact with while moving

The passengers jostled each other in the overcrowded train


she pushed against the wall with all her strength


She pushed up her children when the policeman came by


be driven or carried along, as by the air


travel volitionally and in a certain direction with a certain goal


rock, sway, or nod; usually involuntarily


move in one direction and then into the opposite direction


move or sway in a rising and falling or wavelike pattern


cause to fluctuate or move in a wavelike pattern


move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner


change direction with a swinging motion; turn


sway gently back and forth, as in a nodding motion


move or swing from side to side regularly


oscillate about a desired speed, position, or state to an undesirable extent

The oscillator hunts about the correct frequency


oewn-flicker-v oewn-waver-v oewn-flitter-v oewn-flutter-v oewn-quiver-v


turn abruptly and face the other way, either physically or metaphorically


expand and contract rhythmically; beat rhythmically

The baby's heart was pulsating again after the surgeon massaged it


move with or as if with a regular alternating motion

the city pulsated with music and excitement


beat so fast that (the heart's) output starts dropping until (it) does not manage to pump out blood at all


indicate by beating, as with the fingers or drumsticks


to flutter noisily when moved by the wind


oewn-roll-v oewn-wander-v oewn-swan-v oewn-stray-v oewn-tramp-v oewn-roam-v oewn-cast-v oewn-ramble-v oewn-rove-v oewn-range-v oewn-drift-v oewn-vagabond-v

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment


take a walk; go for a walk; walk for pleasure


take a walk for one's health or to aid digestion, as after a meal

A good way of exercising is to constitutionalize


oewn-weave-v oewn-wind-v-1 oewn-thread-v oewn-meander-v oewn-wander-v

to move or cause to move in a sinuous, spiral, or circular course


She beat the dealer down to a much better price


oewn-frolic-v oewn-lark-v oewn-rollick-v oewn-skylark-v oewn-disport-v oewn-sport-v oewn-cavort-v oewn-gambol-v oewn-frisk-v oewn-romp-v oewn-run_around-v oewn-lark_about-v


move or act with a sudden increase in speed or energy


jump vertically, with legs stiff and back arched


oewn-cant-v oewn-cant_over-v oewn-tilt-v oewn-slant-v oewn-pitch-v


oewn-careen-v oewn-wobble-v oewn-shift-v oewn-tilt-v


rise or heave upward under the influence of a natural force such as a wave


oewn-churn-v oewn-boil-v oewn-moil-v oewn-roil-v


move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

The crocodile was crawling along the riverbed


to pass or move unobtrusively or smoothly

They slid through the wicket in the big gate


move along on or as if on wheels or a wheeled vehicle

The President's convoy rolled past the crowds


cause to move or pass silently, smoothly, or imperceptibly


move smoothly and sinuously, like a snake


move or jerk quickly and involuntarily up and down or sideways

His hands were trembling when he signed the document


oewn-shudder-v oewn-shiver-v oewn-throb-v oewn-thrill-v

tremble convulsively, as from fear or excitement


Her violent feelings palpitated the young woman's heart


agitate by introducing air or compressed gas


shake; especially (a patient to detect fluids or air in the body)


shake and cause to make a rattling noise


oewn-convulse-v oewn-thresh-v oewn-thresh_about-v oewn-thrash-v oewn-thrash_about-v oewn-slash-v oewn-toss-v oewn-jactitate-v

The feverish patient thrashed around in his bed


thrash about flexibly in the manner of a whiplash


shake, quiver, or throb; move back and forth rapidly, usually in an uncontrolled manner


shake or vibrate rapidly and intensively


move with abrupt, seemingly uncontrolled motions


oewn-bounce-v oewn-resile-v oewn-take_a_hop-v oewn-spring-v oewn-bound-v oewn-rebound-v oewn-recoil-v oewn-reverberate-v oewn-ricochet-v


lightly throw to see which side comes up

I don't know what to do--I may as well flip a coin!


toss with a sharp movement so as to cause to turn over in the air


oewn-stir-v oewn-shift-v oewn-budge-v oewn-agitate-v


As the thunder started the sleeping children began to stir


dance erotically or dance with the pelvis thrust forward


dance and make rhythmic clicking sounds by means of metal plates nailed to the sole of the dance shoes


oewn-contradance-v oewn-country-dance-v oewn-contredanse-v oewn-contra_danse-v


Kids were break-dancing at the street corner


oewn-slam_dance-v oewn-slam-v oewn-mosh-v oewn-thrash-v


dance a quick dance with leaping and kicking motions


Don't jiggle your finger while the nurse is putting on the bandage!


give the calls (to the dancers) for a square dance


His forefinger darted in all directions as he spoke


oewn-flit-v oewn-flutter-v oewn-fleet-v oewn-dart-v

move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

The hummingbird flitted among the branches


flap the wings rapidly or fly with flapping movements


The questions on the test tripped him up


move hesitatingly, as if about to give way


oewn-roll-v oewn-undulate-v oewn-flap-v oewn-wave-v

move in a wavy pattern or with a rising and falling motion


flap when the wind is blowing equally on both sides


oewn-scurry-v oewn-scamper-v oewn-skitter-v oewn-scuttle-v

so terrified by the extraordinary ebbing of the sea that they scurried to higher ground


oewn-float-v oewn-drift-v oewn-be_adrift-v oewn-blow-v

be in motion due to some air or water current


The unknown young man drifted among the invited guests


move or seem to move quickly, lightly, or irregularly

The spotlights played on the politicians


cause to move or operate freely within a bounded space

The engine has a wheel that is playing in a rack


oewn-ebb-v oewn-ebb_away-v oewn-ebb_down-v oewn-ebb_out-v oewn-ebb_off-v


be afloat either on or below a liquid surface and not sink to the bottom


this snake swims through the soil where it lives


use one's feet to advance; advance by steps


oewn-foot-v oewn-leg_it-v oewn-hoof-v oewn-hoof_it-v


walk so that the toes assume an indicated position or direction


turn or go to the port or left side, of a ship


turn so as to face; turn the face in a certain direction


move so as not face somebody or something


make a half turn on a horse, in dressage


oewn-overturn-v oewn-turn_over-v oewn-tip_over-v oewn-tump_over-v


oewn-overturn-v oewn-tip_over-v oewn-turn_over-v oewn-upset-v oewn-knock_over-v oewn-bowl_over-v oewn-tump_over-v

cause to overturn from an upright or normal position


move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm

She startled when I walked into the room


walk about; not be bedridden or incapable of walking


oewn-sneak-v oewn-mouse-v oewn-creep-v oewn-pussyfoot-v

..stead of sneaking around spying on the neighbor's house


oewn-traverse-v oewn-track-v oewn-cover-v oewn-cross-v oewn-pass_over-v oewn-get_over-v oewn-get_across-v oewn-cut_through-v oewn-cut_across-v

The caravan covered almost 100 miles each day


pass through an enemy line; in a military conflict


pass into or through by filtering or permeating


cause (a liquid) to enter by penetrating the interstices


cross or intersect so as to form a cross


move as if by clawing, seizing, or digging

They clawed their way to the top of the mountain


make one's way by jostling, pushing, or shoving

We had to jostle our way to the front of the platform


change from a crossed to an uncrossed position


cover by running; run a certain distance


oewn-transit-v oewn-pass_through-v oewn-move_through-v oewn-pass_across-v oewn-pass_over-v

make a passage or journey from one place to another

The tourists moved through the town and bought up all the souvenirs


We cut through the neighbor's yard to get home sooner


move through a body or an object with a slicing motion


Can we wade across the river to the other side?


The ducks and geese puddled in the backyard


oewn-tittup-v oewn-swagger-v oewn-ruffle-v oewn-prance-v oewn-strut-v oewn-sashay-v oewn-cock-v

to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others

He struts around like a rooster in a hen house


oewn-limp-v oewn-gimp-v oewn-hobble-v oewn-hitch-v

walk impeded by some physical limitation or injury

The old woman hobbles down to the store every day


move about in or as if in a predatory manner

The suspicious stranger prowls the streets of the town


The lonely man skulks down the main street all day


oewn-toddle-v oewn-coggle-v oewn-totter-v oewn-dodder-v oewn-paddle-v oewn-waddle-v


move without being stable, as if threatening to fall

The drunk man tottered over to our table


walk fast, with regular or measured steps; walk with a stride

He marched into the classroom and announced the exam


travel on foot, especially on a walking expedition

We went tramping about the state of Colorado


walk a long way, as for pleasure or physical exercise


oewn-slog-v oewn-footslog-v oewn-plod-v oewn-trudge-v oewn-pad-v oewn-tramp-v

walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

Mules plodded in a circle around a grindstone


oewn-squelch-v oewn-squish-v oewn-splash-v oewn-splosh-v oewn-slosh-v oewn-slop-v


oewn-clamber-v oewn-scramble-v oewn-shin-v oewn-shinny-v oewn-skin-v oewn-struggle-v oewn-sputter-v


oewn-climb-v oewn-climb_up-v oewn-mount-v oewn-go_up-v

go upward with gradual or continuous progress

Did you ever climb up the hill behind your house?


They had to escalade canyons to reach their destination


The ascent was easy--roping down the mountain would be much more difficult and dangerous


oewn-hop_on-v oewn-mount-v oewn-mount_up-v oewn-get_on-v oewn-jump_on-v oewn-climb_on-v oewn-bestride-v


The officer hopped out when he spotted an illegally parked car


oewn-stagger-v oewn-reel-v oewn-keel-v oewn-lurch-v oewn-swag-v oewn-careen-v

walk as if unable to control one's movements


The men stomped through the snow in their heavy boots


wander from a direct course or at random

The child strayed from the path and her parents lost sight of her


Every summer they are backpacking in the Rockies


move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time


travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means


run with the ball; in such sports as football


in this race, I managed to outrun everybody else


the heifers run with the bulls to produce offspring


run very fast, usually for a short distance


the brick maker treadles over clay to pick out the stones


We drove to the university every morning


drive around aimlessly but ostentatiously and at leisure

She cruised the neighborhood in her new convertible


oewn-steer-v oewn-maneuver-v oewn-manoeuver-v oewn-manoeuvre-v oewn-direct-v oewn-point-v oewn-head-v oewn-guide-v oewn-channelize-v oewn-channelise-v

direct the course; determine the direction of travelling


conduct or direct the steering of a ship or plane


act as the navigator in a car, plane, or vessel and plan, direct, plot the path and position of the conveyance

Is anyone volunteering to navigate during the trip?


channel information towards a broad audience


force a person or an animal into a position from which he cannot escape


oewn-bicycle-v oewn-cycle-v oewn-bike-v oewn-pedal-v oewn-wheel-v


thrash about or strike out with the feet


make a motion as with one's fist or foot towards an object or away from one's body


The Dutch often skate along the canals in winter


execute a spread eagle on skates, with arms and legs stretched out


travel on shoes with steel or rubber rollers attached to their soles

In some fashionable restaurants, the waiters roller skate around


ride on a flat board with rollers attached to the bottom


travel on shoes with a single line of rubber wheels attached to their soles

you'd better wear a helmet and knee protectors when you Rollerblade!


perform intricate maneuvers while skiing


The boys bobbed down the hill screaming with pleasure


fly an airplane solely by relying on instruments


fly a plane by using visible landmarks or points of reference


fly alone, without a co-pilot or passengers


The pilot kited for a long time over the mountains


hang in the air; fly or be suspended above


The bird poised for a few moments before it attacked


oewn-soar-v oewn-soar_up-v oewn-soar_upwards-v oewn-surge-v oewn-zoom-v


be suspended in the air, as if in defiance of gravity


cause to rise in the air and float, as if in defiance of gravity


I love sailing, especially on the open sea


sail with much tacking or with difficulty


The sailors decided it was time to wear ship


oewn-jibe-v oewn-gybe-v oewn-jib-v oewn-change_course-v

shift from one side of the ship to the other


ride the waves of the sea with a surfboard


ride the crest of a wave without a surfboard


ride standing on a surfboard with an attached sail, on water

You cannot windsurf when the air is completely still


He tried to balloon around the earth but storms forced him to land in China


pipe oil, water, and gas into the desert


The explosion sent the car flying in the air


channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something

The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction


They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion


send on a course or in a direction different from the planned or intended one


divert the low voltage to the engine cylinders


send or direct for treatment, information, or a decision


The bill was recommitted three times in the House


redirect your attention to the danger from the fundamentalists


direct energy or urges into useful activities


direct one's libidinous urges into another direction


move something or somebody around; usually over long distances


truck fresh vegetables across the mountains


fresh fruit are railed from Italy to Belgium


send documents or materials to appropriate destinations


send or ship onward from an intermediate post or station in transit


rise up onto a thin film of water between the tires and road so that there is no more contact with the road


ride in a car with no particular goal and just for the pleasure of it


travel by getting free rides from motorists


We picked up a hitchhiker on the highway


sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions


driving animals such as horses and cattle while riding along with them


The champion bicyclist outrode all his competitors


oewn-unhorse-v oewn-dismount-v oewn-light-v oewn-get_off-v oewn-get_down-v


ride a horse such that it springs and bounds forward


The young horse was prancing in the meadow


ride Western style and bob up and down in the saddle in rhythm with a horse's trotting gait


We had to swim for 20 minutes to reach the shore


A cluster of schooling fish was attracted to the bait


show the fins above the water while swimming

The sharks were finning near the surface


propel oneself through the water in a finning motion


European children learn the breast stroke; they often don't know how to crawl


swim with the face down and extend the arms forward and outward while kicking with the leg


The young people were skinny-dipping in the pond


the children enjoyed diving and looking for shells


I was afraid to dive from the board into the pool


swim underwater with no breathing apparatus other than a snorkel


dive so that one hits the water with one's belly


dive into the water bending the body at the waist at a right angle, like a jackknife


oewn-jump-v oewn-leap-v oewn-bound-v oewn-spring-v


move suddenly, energetically, or violently

He burst out of the house into the cool night


perform a capriole, of horses in dressage


the giant tortoises galumphed around in their pen


the trainer jumped the tiger through the hoop


The sand grains are saltated by the wind


perform a leap where both hind legs come off the ground, of a horse


oewn-leap_out-v oewn-rush_out-v oewn-sally_out-v oewn-burst_forth-v

jump out from a hiding place and surprise (someone)


gather into a huge mass and roll down a mountain, of snow


plunge nose first; drop with the nose or front first, of aircraft


jump from an airplane and perform various maneuvers before opening one's parachute


jump from an airplane and descend with a parachute


oewn-rise-v oewn-lift-v oewn-arise-v oewn-move_up-v oewn-go_up-v oewn-come_up-v oewn-uprise-v


lift up from the earth, as by geologic forces

the earth's movement uplifted this part of town


move to a better position in life or to a better job

She ascended from a life of poverty to one of great renown


oewn-rise-v oewn-come_up-v oewn-uprise-v oewn-ascend-v


oewn-descend-v oewn-fall-v oewn-go_down-v oewn-come_down-v

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way


Our economy precipitated into complete ruin


descend into or as if into some soft substance or place


pass into a specified state or condition; sink into


descend in free fall under the influence of gravity


curl over and fall apart in surf or foam, of waves


oewn-lower-v-1 oewn-take_down-v oewn-let_down-v oewn-get_down-v oewn-bring_down-v

move something or somebody to a lower position


oewn-raise-v oewn-lift-v oewn-elevate-v oewn-get_up-v oewn-bring_up-v


raise or support (the level of printing) by inserting a piece of paper or cardboard under the type


raise oneself while hanging from one's hands until one's chin is level with the support bar


The athletes kept jumping over the steadily heightened bars


dip a foot or hand briefly into a liquid


The tower of the World Trade Center tumbled after the plane hit it


the man had a heart attack and keeled over


drop with the sound of something falling into water


The truck dumped the garbage in the street


She pitched over the railing of the balcony


The passengers disembarked at Southampton


The star and her manager drive in today from their motor tour across the country


land on the underside without the landing gear


the pilot managed to land the airplane safely


the enemy landed several of our aircraft


stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds


start with anger or resentment or in protest


get up from a sitting or slouching position

The students straightened when the teacher entered


oewn-assume-v oewn-take-v oewn-strike-v oewn-take_up-v


He drew himself up when he talked to his superior


oewn-arise-v oewn-rise-v oewn-uprise-v oewn-get_up-v oewn-stand_up-v


drop oneself to a lower or less erect position


The vase fell over and the water spilled onto the table


put in or restore to an upright position

They righted the sailboat that had capsized


lie down on the bed until you feel better


To enjoy the picnic, we stretched out on the grass


oewn-sag-v oewn-droop-v oewn-swag-v oewn-flag-v

droop, sink, or settle from or as if from pressure or loss of tautness


The children sagged their bottoms down even more comfortably


fall or descend to a lower place or level


the mud subsides when the waters become calm


sink to a lower level or form a depression


cause to become clear by forming a sediment (of liquids)


become clear by the sinking of particles


The Japanese sank American ships in Pearl Harbor


cause to be in an appropriate place, state, or relation


even up the edges of a stack of paper, in printing


Space the interviews so that you have some time between the different candidates


settle into a position, usually on a surface or ground


oewn-collapse-v oewn-fall_in-v oewn-cave_in-v oewn-give-v oewn-give_way-v oewn-break-v oewn-founder-v


oewn-sink-v oewn-settle-v oewn-go_down-v oewn-go_under-v


oewn-surface-v oewn-come_up-v oewn-rise_up-v oewn-rise-v


The choirs singing uprose and filled the church


move upwards in bubbles, as from the effect of heating; also used metaphorically


emerge from the surface of a body of water


sink below the surface; go under or as if under water


The river zigzags through the countryside


oewn-advance-v oewn-progress-v oewn-pass_on-v oewn-move_on-v oewn-march_on-v oewn-go_on-v

move forward, also in the metaphorical sense


The hikers did not manage to penetrate the dense forest


The driver jammed the brake pedal to the floor


advance the forward part of with caution


we have to advance clocks and watches when we travel eastward


oewn-withdraw-v oewn-retreat-v oewn-pull_away-v oewn-draw_back-v oewn-recede-v oewn-pull_back-v oewn-retire-v oewn-move_back-v


move in a direction contrary to the usual one


move backward in an orbit, of celestial bodies


oewn-draw-v oewn-pull-v oewn-pull_out-v oewn-get_out-v oewn-take_out-v

bring, take, or pull out of a container or from under a cover


oewn-proceed-v oewn-go_forward-v oewn-continue-v oewn-move_ahead-v

move ahead; travel onward in time or space


make one's course or travel along a path; travel or pass over, around, or along

The children traced along the edge of the dark forest


act or proceed in a riotous, turbulent, or disorderly way

desperadoes from the hills regularly roared in to take over the town


oewn-lag-v oewn-dawdle-v oewn-fall_back-v oewn-fall_behind-v

hang (back) or fall (behind) in movement, progress, development, etc.


it is dangerous to tailgate another vehicle


The ducklings followed their mother around the pond


reach the point where one should be after a delay


travel in front of; go in advance of others


move ahead of (one's competitors) in a race


oewn-lead-v oewn-take-v oewn-direct-v oewn-conduct-v oewn-guide-v


oewn-mislead-v oewn-misdirect-v oewn-misguide-v oewn-lead_astray-v

lead someone in the wrong direction or give someone wrong directions

The pedestrian misdirected the out-of-town driver


take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums


The police car pursued the suspected attacker


follow, usually without the person's knowledge


oewn-chase-v oewn-chase_after-v oewn-trail-v oewn-tail-v oewn-tag-v oewn-give_chase-v oewn-dog-v oewn-go_after-v oewn-track-v

The policeman chased the mugger down the alley


oewn-chase_away-v oewn-drive_out-v oewn-turn_back-v oewn-drive_away-v oewn-dispel-v oewn-drive_off-v oewn-run_off-v

force to go away; used both with concrete and metaphoric meanings


The group called a meeting to finally clear the air


The hunters traced the deer into the woods


follow stealthily or recur constantly and spontaneously to


we retraced the route we took last summer


The hikers got into a storm and had to turn back


the film cut back to an earlier event in the story


go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before


return home accurately from a long distance


return to a previous position; in mathematics

The point returned to the interior of the figure


return to the initial position from where it came; like a boomerang


reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress


reach a point in time, or a certain state or level


attain a level at which there is neither gain nor loss, as in business, gambling, or a competitive sport


How does one access the attic in this house?


Prices bottomed out and started to rise again after a while


to reach the highest point; attain maximum intensity, activity

That wild, speculative spirit peaked in 1929


leave (a barracks) in order to take a place in a military formation, or leave a military formation


leave, usually as an expression of disapproval


depart after obtaining formal permission


The actor walked off before he got his cue


leave abruptly, often in protest or anger

The customer that was not served walked out


oewn-scram-v oewn-buzz_off-v oewn-fuck_off-v oewn-get-v oewn-bugger_off-v

leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form


oewn-run_off-v oewn-run_out-v oewn-bolt-v oewn-bolt_out-v oewn-beetle_off-v

The listeners bolted when he discussed his strange ideas


the train derailed because a cow was standing on the tracks


they had planned to derail the trains that carried atomic waste


transfer the packet from his trouser pockets to a pocket in his jacket


transfer (a number, cipher, or remainder) to the next column or unit's place before or after, in addition or multiplication


He shuffled his funds among different accounts in various countries so as to avoid the IRS


transfer for further transportation from one ship or conveyance to another


transfer cargo from a ship to a warehouse


transfer from one time period to the next


cause to move, usually with force or pressure


press, force, or thrust out of a small space


oewn-depart-v oewn-part-v oewn-start-v oewn-start_out-v oewn-set_forth-v oewn-set_off-v oewn-set_out-v oewn-take_off-v


set out in a sudden, energetic or violent manner


The troops pulled out after the cease-fire


oewn-pull_in-v oewn-get_in-v oewn-move_in-v oewn-draw_in-v

The bullet train drew into Tokyo Station


oewn-exit-v oewn-go_out-v oewn-get_out-v oewn-leave-v


go outside a room or building for a short period of time


oewn-enter-v oewn-come_in-v oewn-get_into-v oewn-get_in-v oewn-go_into-v oewn-go_in-v oewn-move_into-v

the boat entered an area of shallow marshes


She walks in at all hours, as if she lived here


get on board of (trains, buses, ships, aircraft, etc.)


Don't bother the professor while she is grading term papers


oewn-intrude_on-v oewn-invade-v oewn-obtrude_upon-v oewn-encroach_upon-v

to intrude upon, infringe, encroach on, violate


enter someone else's territory and take spoils

The pirates raided the coastal villages regularly


marauding rebels overran the countryside


oewn-reach-v oewn-make-v oewn-attain-v oewn-hit-v oewn-arrive_at-v oewn-gain-v

reach a destination, either real or abstract


The hikers topped the mountain just before noon


reach the highest altitude or the meridian, of a celestial body


succeed in reaching a real or abstract destination after overcoming problems

We finally got through the bureaucracy and could talk to the Minister


oewn-reach-v oewn-make-v oewn-get_to-v oewn-progress_to-v


meet by design; be present at the arrival of


oewn-meet-v oewn-run_into-v oewn-encounter-v oewn-run_across-v oewn-come_across-v oewn-see-v


The crowds congregated in front of the Vatican on Christmas Eve


move together in a hive or as if in a hive


gather in, or as if in, a fort, as for protection or defense


join together into a mass or collect or form a mass


The bill will be considered when the Legislature reconvenes next Fall


oewn-cluster-v oewn-constellate-v oewn-flock-v oewn-clump-v

The poets constellate in this town every summer


Tourists flocked to the shrine where the statue was said to have shed tears


The nurse accompanied the old lady everywhere


She asked her older brother to escort her to the ball


attend upon as a squire; serve as a squire


the trucks convoyed the cars across the battle zone


accompany and protect from physical harm


my younger brother often tagged along when I went out with my friends


The frightened children bunched together in the corner of the classroom


men in straw boaters and waxed mustaches crowded the verandah


The air raids had surcharged the emergency wards


oewn-pour-v oewn-swarm-v oewn-stream-v oewn-teem-v oewn-pullulate-v


We herded the children into a spare classroom


oewn-disperse-v oewn-dissipate-v oewn-scatter-v oewn-spread_out-v


The clouds broke after the heavy downpour


The political wing of the party dissolved after much internal fighting


oewn-disperse-v oewn-dissipate-v oewn-dispel-v oewn-break_up-v oewn-scatter-v

to cause to separate and go in different directions

She waved her hand and scattered the crowds


make a rupture in the ranks of the enemy or one's own by quitting or fleeing


the principal disbanded the political student organization


rail off the crowds from the Presidential palace


separate (a small unit) from a larger, especially for a special assignment


go, come, or spread in a rambling or irregular way


move or draw together at a certain location


draw together or meet in one common center

These groups concentrate in the inner cities


oewn-swerve-v oewn-sheer-v oewn-curve-v oewn-trend-v oewn-veer-v oewn-slue-v oewn-slew-v oewn-cut-v

The car cut to the left at the intersection


turn aside and away from an initial or intended course


the ship yawed when the huge waves hit it


turn from a straight course, fixed direction, or line of interest


They averted their eyes when the King entered


oewn-hunch-v oewn-hump-v oewn-hunch_forward-v oewn-hunch_over-v

round one's back by bending forward and drawing the shoulders forward


The body incurvates a little at the back


form a queue, form a line, stand in line

Customers lined up in front of the store


The path ascended to the top of the hill


the rocks stooped down over the hiking path


The hills around here fall towards the ocean


The path climbed all the way to the top of the hill


oewn-lean-v oewn-tilt-v oewn-tip-v oewn-slant-v oewn-angle-v

to incline or bend from a vertical position


oewn-ripple-v oewn-ruffle-v oewn-riffle-v oewn-cockle-v oewn-undulate-v


bend the head or the upper part of the body in a gesture of respect or greeting


bend the knees in a gesture of respectful greeting


bend the knees and bow in a servile manner


bend the knees and bow in church or before a religious superior or image


The soldiers billowed across the muddy riverbed


oewn-crumble-v oewn-crumple-v oewn-tumble-v oewn-break_down-v oewn-collapse-v

the building crumbled after the explosion


move around freely from person to person or from place to place


move through a space, circuit or system, returning to the starting point


oewn-circulate-v oewn-pass_around-v oewn-pass_on-v oewn-distribute-v

This letter is being circulated among the faculty


he is sending around an appeal for funds


move in a circular path above (someone or something)

the plane circled, looking for a landing spot


oewn-turn_out-v oewn-splay-v oewn-spread_out-v oewn-rotate-v


He splayed his huge hands over the table


change directions as if revolving on a pivot

They wheeled their horses around and left


do cartwheels: perform an acrobatic movement using both hands and feet


oewn-spin-v oewn-spin_around-v oewn-whirl-v oewn-reel-v oewn-gyrate-v

revolve quickly and repeatedly around one's own axis

The dervishes whirl around and around without getting dizzy


rotate at very high speed in order to separate the liquids from the solids


subject to the action of an ultracentrifuge


oewn-eddy-v oewn-purl-v oewn-whirlpool-v oewn-swirl-v oewn-whirl-v


oewn-whirl-v oewn-birl-v oewn-spin-v oewn-twirl-v


cause a floating log to rotate by treading


do a pirouette, usually as part of a dance


dance by rotating the pelvis in an erotically suggestive way, often while in contact with one's partner such that the dancers' legs are interlaced


oewn-twirl-v oewn-swirl-v oewn-twiddle-v oewn-whirl-v


the muscles and nerves of his fine drawn body were coiling for action


Bride's Biscuit got by the other dogs to win the race


We passed the point where the police car had parked


succeed in passing through, around, or over

The hiker negociated the high mountain pass


pass by means through a lock in a waterway


oewn-travel_by-v oewn-pass_by-v oewn-surpass-v oewn-go_past-v oewn-go_by-v oewn-pass-v

A black limousine passed by when she looked out the window


pass around or about; move along the border


cause to go through a recurring sequence

cycle the laundry in this washing program


cause to be circulated and accepted in a false character or identity


pass an inspection or receive authorization


oewn-approach-v oewn-near-v oewn-come_on-v oewn-go_up-v oewn-draw_near-v oewn-draw_close-v oewn-come_near-v


Her arms closed around her long lost relative


oewn-unfold-v oewn-stretch-v oewn-stretch_out-v oewn-extend-v

extend or stretch out to a greater or the full length


oewn-tear-v-1 oewn-shoot-v oewn-shoot_down-v oewn-charge-v oewn-buck-v


oewn-zoom-v oewn-zoom_along-v oewn-whizz-v oewn-whizz_along-v


oewn-travel_rapidly-v oewn-speed-v oewn-hurry-v oewn-zip-v

The runner zipped past us at breakneck pace


travel at an excessive or illegal velocity


oewn-rout_out-v oewn-drive_out-v oewn-force_out-v oewn-rouse-v

The police routed them out of bed at 2 A.M.


They hunted the unwanted immigrants out of the neighborhood


cause someone or something to move by driving


drive in front of another vehicle leaving too little space for that vehicle to maneuver comfortably


move or cause to move energetically or busily

The cheerleaders bustled about excitedly before their performance


The child is always fidgeting in his seat


oewn-drag-v oewn-trail-v oewn-get_behind-v oewn-hang_back-v oewn-drop_behind-v oewn-drop_back-v

But in so many other areas we still are dragging


oewn-rush-v oewn-hotfoot-v oewn-hasten-v oewn-hie-v oewn-speed-v oewn-race-v oewn-pelt_along-v oewn-rush_along-v oewn-cannonball_along-v oewn-bucket_along-v oewn-belt_along-v oewn-step_on_it-v

He rushed down the hall to receive his guests


The psychologist raced the rats through a long maze


move, proceed, or walk draggingly or slowly


oewn-diffuse-v oewn-spread-v oewn-spread_out-v oewn-fan_out-v


Light percolated into our house in the morning


grow or spread, often in such a way as to cover (a surface)

ivy crept over the walls of the university buildings


These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run


release color when rubbed, of badly dyed fabric


oewn-flinch-v oewn-squinch-v oewn-funk-v oewn-cringe-v oewn-shrink-v oewn-wince-v oewn-recoil-v oewn-quail-v

she flinched when they showed the slaughtering of the calf


pull away from a source of disgust or fear


oewn-dart-v oewn-dash-v oewn-scoot-v oewn-scud-v oewn-flash-v oewn-shoot-v


travel back and forth regularly, as between one's place of work and home


travel back and forth between two points


oewn-lunge-v oewn-hurl-v oewn-hurtle-v oewn-thrust-v


oewn-crouch-v oewn-stoop-v oewn-bend-v oewn-bow-v-1

bend one's back forward from the waist on down


lower or bend (the head or upper body), as in a nod or bow


bend over or curl up, usually with laughter or pain


get into a prostrate position, as in submission


oewn-fawn-v oewn-crawl-v oewn-creep-v oewn-cringe-v oewn-cower-v oewn-grovel-v


oewn-throng-v oewn-mob-v oewn-pack-v oewn-pile-v oewn-jam-v


The eagle stooped on the mice in the field


cause to turn away from a previous or expected course

The river was deviated to prevent flooding


cause a celestial body to deviate from a theoretically regular orbital motion, especially as a result of interposed or extraordinary gravitational pull

The orbits of these stars were perturbed by the passings of a comet


disturb or interfere with the usual path of an electron or atom

The electrons were perturbed by the passing ion


provide with or divert by means of an electrical shunt


oewn-sidetrack-v oewn-depart-v oewn-digress-v oewn-straggle-v


move or progress freely as if in a stream


pass through the tissue or substance or its pores or interstices, as of gas


oewn-run-v oewn-flow-v oewn-feed-v oewn-course-v


The artist flowed the washes on the paper


The creek spun its course through the woods


oewn-spurt-v oewn-spirt-v oewn-gush-v oewn-spout-v


Oil whooshed up when the drill hit the well


The blood regurgitates into the heart ventricle


pour out gradually, so as to separate out sediment


to extend, wave or float outward, as if in the wind

their manes streamed like stiff black pennants in the wind


run or flow slowly, as in drops or in an unsteady stream

water trickled onto the lawn from the broken hose


rush down in big quantities, like a cascade


pass gradually or leak through or as if through small openings


oewn-overflow-v oewn-overrun-v oewn-well_over-v oewn-run_over-v oewn-brim_over-v


oewn-elapse-v oewn-lapse-v oewn-pass-v oewn-slip_by-v oewn-glide_by-v oewn-slip_away-v oewn-go_by-v oewn-slide_by-v oewn-go_along-v


oewn-shake-v oewn-shake_off-v oewn-throw_off-v oewn-escape_from-v

I couldn't shake the car that was following me


oewn-abscond-v oewn-bolt-v oewn-absquatulate-v oewn-decamp-v oewn-run_off-v oewn-go_off-v oewn-make_off-v

run away; usually includes taking something or somebody along


The young couple eloped and got married in Las Vegas


escape furtively, as from an area under enemy control


transfer secretly out of an area under enemy control

the military commander was exfiltrated on a French plane


The convicted murderer escaped from a high security prison


oewn-scat-v oewn-run-v oewn-scarper-v oewn-turn_tail-v oewn-lam-v oewn-run_away-v oewn-hightail_it-v oewn-bunk-v oewn-head_for_the_hills-v oewn-take_to_the_woods-v oewn-escape-v oewn-fly_the_coop-v oewn-break_away-v


oewn-slip_away-v oewn-steal_away-v oewn-sneak_away-v oewn-sneak_off-v oewn-sneak_out-v oewn-slip_out-v

The lecture was boring and many students slipped out when the instructor turned towards the blackboard


cause to move with a smooth or sliding motion


leave an aircraft rapidly, using an ejection seat or capsule


take something or somebody with oneself somewhere


bring in a new person or object into a familiar environment


introduce or insert (oneself) in a subtle manner

He insinuated himself into the conversation of the people at the nearby table


perform a special church rite or service for


transport from one place or state to another

Adam would have been carried over into the life eternal


The President was whisked away in his limo


oewn-impart-v oewn-conduct-v oewn-transmit-v oewn-convey-v oewn-carry-v oewn-channel-v

transmit or serve as the medium for transmission


carry somewhere (of water or current or waves)


The microphone brought in the sounds from the room next to mine


travel around, through, or over, especially on foot


pass by, over, or under without making contact


turn the forearm or the hand so that the palm is directed downwards


He left behind all his possessions when he moved to Europe


oewn-start-v oewn-protrude-v oewn-pop-v oewn-pop_out-v oewn-bulge-v oewn-bulge_out-v oewn-bug_out-v oewn-come_out-v


spread birdlime on branches to catch birds


march out (as from a defile) into open ground


bring outside the body for surgery, of organs


The Japanese marched their prisoners through Manchuria


march a person against his will by any method


move quickly, as if by cutting one's way


go around the flank of (an opposing army)


sound and light propagate in this medium


move upstage, forcing the other actors to turn away from the audience


toss, roll, or rise and fall in an uncontrolled way

The shipwrecked survivors weltered in the sea for hours


shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes

He removed his children to the countryside


This singer always packs the concert halls


The drug smugglers landed the heroin on the beach of the island


move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting


give a preliminary swing to the arm pitching


change from one vehicle or transportation line to another

She changed in Chicago on her way to the East coast


move or cause to move in a specified way, direction, or position


move with, or as if with, a crashing noise


oewn-come_to_the_fore-v oewn-step_forward-v oewn-come_forward-v oewn-step_up-v oewn-step_to_the_fore-v oewn-come_out-v

Young people should step to the fore and help their peers


cause to move around a center so as to show another side of


turn inside out; turn the inner surface of outward


turn (the hand or forearm) so that the back is downward or backward, or turn out (the leg)


cause to move along an axis or into a new direction


cause to move into the opposite direction

they brought about the boat when they saw a storm approaching


He slid the money over to the other gambler


put down or press the foot, place the foot

For fools rush in where angels fear to tread


walk a short distance to a specified place or in a specified manner


move with one's feet in a specific manner


The Pope retreats to Castelgondolfo every summer


retreat as if into a cocoon, as from an unfriendly environment

Families cocoon around the T.V. set most evenings


The actress high-tailed to her villa when reporters began to follow her to the restaurant


move with, or as with, a whistling sound


Her optimism whistled away these worries


flap the wings wildly or frantically; used of falcons


oewn-thrust-v oewn-stuff-v oewn-shove-v oewn-squeeze-v


be sexually active with more than one partner


The porters singsonged the travellers' luggage up the mountain


on the cruise, we did some island-hopping


The secret service agents hustled the speaker out of the amphitheater


make a sudden movement in a new direction so as to avoid


move to and fro or from place to place usually in an irregular course


move in a way resembling that of a plow cutting into or going through the soil


move violently, energetically, or carelessly


to put into a state or activity hastily, suddenly, or carelessly


go forward or start with a fast, sudden movement


The swollen river washed away the footbridge


She curled farther down under the covers


An interposing thicket blocked their way


skip, leap, or move up and down or sideways


make a grasping or snatching motion with the hand

The passenger grabbed for the oxygen mask


move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way

who are these people running around in the building?


cause to move by means of an air current

The wind blew the leaves around in the yard


the air conditioning was blasting cold air at us


the poles of the Earth precess at a right angle to the force that is applied


use an input device to move objects on the screen, or to select items (such as commands from a menu); drag the slider to increase or decrease rate; drag the handles on the image to resize it

drag this icon to the lower right hand corner of the screen


travel from place to place, as for the purpose of finding work, preaching, or acting as a judge


convey by horizontal mass movement of a fluid


go via an indirect route or at no set pace


cause to move in a certain direction by exerting a force upon, either physically or in an abstract sense

A declining dollar pulled down the export figures for the last quarter


After a heavy snowfall, we have to snowshoe to the grocery store


fly or go in a manner resembling a beetle


move or displace to one side so as to make lateral


subject to movement in which every part of the body moves parallel to and the same distance as every other point on the body


drive something violently into a location


She smashed her car against the guard rail


change one's body stance so that the forward shoulder and foot are closer to the intended point of impact


transport by dematerializing at one point and assembling at another


glide down a snow-covered slope while standing on a board

The children love to snowboard in winter


appear to be moving upward, as by means of tendrils

the vine climbed up the side of the house


be in danger of dying from submersion in a liquid and asphyxiation


to perform a dance move in which the dancer simultaneously drops the head while raising an arm and the elbow in a gesture that has been noted to resemble sneezing


dancing in a style associated with the South Louisiana club scene


oewn-grok-v oewn-get_the_picture-v oewn-comprehend-v oewn-savvy-v oewn-dig-v oewn-grasp-v oewn-compass-v oewn-apprehend-v

Do you comprehend the meaning of this letter?


to try to avoid detection especially by police

After we knock off that liquor store we'll have to lay low for a while


know and comprehend the nature or meaning of


become aware of not through the senses but instinctively


grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of


oewn-catch_on-v oewn-get_wise-v oewn-get_onto-v oewn-tumble-v oewn-latch_on-v oewn-cotton_on-v oewn-twig-v oewn-get_it-v

understand, usually after some initial difficulty

She didn't know what her classmates were plotting but finally caught on


He could not touch the meaning of the poem


oewn-understand-v oewn-realize-v oewn-realise-v oewn-see-v

perceive (an idea or situation) mentally


She finally perceived the futility of her protest


oewn-click-v oewn-get_through-v oewn-dawn-v oewn-come_home-v oewn-get_across-v oewn-sink_in-v oewn-penetrate-v oewn-fall_into_place-v

become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions

It dawned on him that she had betrayed him


The music struck a chord with the listeners


Do you appreciate the full meaning of this letter?


The diners did the food and wine justice


I'm expecting a full explanation as to why these files were destroyed


oewn-acknowledge-v oewn-recognize-v oewn-recognise-v oewn-know-v

accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority

The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne


acknowledge a new land owner as one's landlord


concede the loss or worthlessness of something or somebody


I understand you have no previous experience?


gain knowledge of (an area not known or experienced) by extrapolating


oewn-understand-v oewn-read-v oewn-interpret-v oewn-translate-v


oewn-sympathize-v oewn-sympathise-v oewn-empathize-v oewn-empathise-v oewn-understand-v

You don't need to explain--I understand!


be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object


be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

I know that the President lied to the people


I keep track of the stock market developments


She has so many books, she just lost track and cannot find this volume


She has the names of the fifty states down pat


oewn-know_the_score-v oewn-be_with_it-v oewn-be_on_the_ball-v oewn-know_what-ap-s_going_on-v oewn-know_what-ap-s_what-v


have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations


The ex-slave tasted freedom shortly before she died


experience again, often in the imagination


have a firm understanding or knowledge of; be on top of


be or become completely proficient or skilled in

She mastered Japanese in less than two years


learn something again, as after having forgotten or neglected it

After the accident, he could not walk for months and had to relearn how to walk down stairs


discard something previously learnt, like an old habit


try to forget; put out of one's memory or knowledge


learn belatedly; find out about something after it happened

I'm trying to catch up with the latest developments in molecular biology


oewn-learn-v oewn-hear-v oewn-get_word-v oewn-get_wind-v oewn-pick_up-v oewn-find_out-v oewn-get_a_line-v oewn-discover-v oewn-see-v

get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally

I learned that she has two grown-up children


discover some bad or hidden information about

She got the goods on her co-worker after reading his e-mail


cause someone to become aware of something


oewn-learn-v oewn-study-v oewn-read-v oewn-take-v


attend academic courses without getting credit


oewn-absorb-v oewn-engross-v oewn-engage-v oewn-occupy-v

Her interest in butterflies absorbs her completely


His story completely involved me during the entire afternoon


The effort to pass the exam consumed all his energy


oewn-steep-v oewn-immerse-v oewn-engulf-v oewn-plunge-v oewn-engross-v oewn-absorb-v oewn-soak_up-v


The professor plunged his students into the study of the Italian text


believe or accept without questioning or challenge


oewn-espouse-v oewn-embrace-v oewn-adopt-v oewn-sweep_up-v

take up the cause, ideology, practice, method, of someone and use it as one's own


oewn-take_up-v oewn-latch_on-v oewn-fasten_on-v oewn-hook_on-v oewn-seize_on-v


oewn-absorb-v oewn-assimilate-v oewn-ingest-v oewn-take_in-v

he absorbed the knowledge or beliefs of his tribe


undergo training or instruction in preparation for a particular role, function, or profession


oewn-train-v oewn-develop-v oewn-prepare-v oewn-educate-v

The old master is training world-class violinists


We must retrain the linguists who cannot find employment


train in the military, e.g., in the use of weapons


undergo military training or do military exercises


train (a pet) to live cleanly in a house


oewn-memorize-v oewn-memorise-v oewn-con-v oewn-learn-v

Have you memorized your lines for the play yet?


be an understudy or alternate for a role


The Moonies indoctrinate their disciples


His laughter infects everyone who is in the same room


submit to brainwashing; indoctrinate forcibly


oewn-cram-v oewn-grind_away-v oewn-drum-v oewn-bone_up-v oewn-swot-v oewn-get_up-v oewn-mug_up-v oewn-swot_up-v oewn-bone-v

I had to bone up on my Latin verbs before the final exam


oewn-drill-v oewn-exercise-v oewn-practice-v oewn-practise-v


oewn-hammer_in-v oewn-drill_in-v oewn-ram_down-v oewn-beat_in-v


teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions

inculcate values into the young generation


instill (into a person) by constant repetition


be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning


oewn-remember-v oewn-retrieve-v oewn-recall-v oewn-call_back-v oewn-call_up-v oewn-recollect-v oewn-think-v

recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection


be able to distinguish, recognize as being different


oewn-forget-v oewn-block-v oewn-blank_out-v oewn-draw_a_blank-v


His name comes to mind when you mention the strike


keep in mind for attention or consideration


I tried to bury these unpleasant memories


This photo takes me back to the good old days


The grandparents sat there, reminiscing all afternoon


he remembered how he used to pick flowers


call to remembrance; keep alive the memory of someone or something, as in a ceremony

We remembered the 50th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz


After the shelling, many people lost the ability to remember


oewn-commemorate-v oewn-memorialize-v oewn-memorialise-v oewn-immortalize-v oewn-immortalise-v

be or provide a memorial to a person or an event

This sculpture commemorates the victims of the concentration camps


record or memorialize lastingly with a monument


celebrate by some ceremony or observation

The citizens mark the anniversary of the revolution with a march and a parade


stop maintaining or insisting on; of ideas or claims

He abandoned the thought of asking for her hand in marriage


abandon one's principles for expedience or financial gain


go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness


oewn-abandon-v oewn-forsake-v oewn-desolate-v oewn-desert-v

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch


The infant was exposed by the teenage mother


leave suddenly, often as an expression of disapproval

She walked out on her husband and children


Don't forget to call the chairman of the board to the meeting!


oewn-neglect-v oewn-pretermit-v oewn-omit-v oewn-drop-v oewn-miss-v oewn-leave_out-v oewn-overlook-v oewn-overleap-v


This vowel is usually elided before a single consonant


omit (a letter or syllable) in speaking or writing

New Englanders drop their post-vocalic r's


oewn-exclude-v oewn-except-v oewn-leave_out-v oewn-leave_off-v oewn-omit-v oewn-take_out-v

prevent from being included or considered or accepted

The bad results were excluded from the report


oewn-jump-v oewn-pass_over-v oewn-skip-v oewn-skip_over-v

He skipped a row in the text and so the sentence was incomprehensible


get down to; pay attention to; take seriously


Her new collection of poems was not well received


He identified his brother as one of the fugitives


recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something

She identified the man on the `wanted' poster


assign a date to; determine the (probable) date of

Scientists often cannot date precisely archeological or prehistorical findings


you are confusing me with the other candidate


oewn-misconstrue-v oewn-misinterpret-v oewn-misconceive-v oewn-misunderstand-v oewn-misapprehend-v oewn-be_amiss-v

Don't misinterpret my comments as criticism


oewn-confuse-v oewn-blur-v oewn-obscure-v oewn-obnubilate-v


These data would have muddied the prediction


oewn-clear-v oewn-clear_up-v oewn-shed_light_on-v oewn-crystallize-v oewn-crystallise-v oewn-crystalize-v oewn-crystalise-v oewn-straighten_out-v oewn-sort_out-v oewn-enlighten-v oewn-illuminate-v oewn-elucidate-v

make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear


read what is implied but not expressed on the surface


oewn-confuse-v oewn-throw-v oewn-fox-v oewn-befuddle-v oewn-fuddle-v oewn-bedevil-v oewn-confound-v oewn-discombobulate-v

be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly

These questions confuse even the experts


the boss's behavior demoralized everyone in the office


oewn-perplex-v oewn-vex-v oewn-stick-v oewn-get-v oewn-puzzle-v oewn-mystify-v oewn-baffle-v oewn-beat-v oewn-pose-v oewn-bewilder-v oewn-flummox-v oewn-stupefy-v oewn-nonplus-v oewn-gravel-v oewn-amaze-v oewn-dumbfound-v


interpret as a myth or in terms of mythology


give a spiritual meaning to; read in a spiritual sense


interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression


interpret something that is written or printed


read letters out of order to discover a hidden meaning


read selectively; read only certain passages from a text


I cannot make out what this politician is saying


look at, interpret, and say out loud something that is written or printed

The King will read the proclamation at noon


say out loud for the purpose of recording


interpret the significance of, as of palms, tea leaves, intestines, the sky; also of human behavior


obtain data from magnetic tapes or other digital sources

This dictionary can be read by the computer


edit and correct (written or printed material)


use or exercise the mind or one's power of reason in order to make inferences, decisions, or arrive at a solution or judgments

I've been thinking all day and getting nowhere


think rationally; employ logic or reason

When one wonders why one is doing certain things, one should rationalize


substitute a natural for a supernatural explanation of

you can rationalize away all the strange noises you hear--there is no poltergeist in the house!


try to solve a problem by thinking intensely about it


oewn-chew_over-v oewn-think_over-v oewn-meditate-v oewn-ponder-v oewn-excogitate-v oewn-contemplate-v oewn-muse-v oewn-reflect-v oewn-mull-v oewn-mull_over-v oewn-ruminate-v oewn-speculate-v

I mulled over the events of the afternoon


think or reflect beforehand or in advance

I rarely premeditate, which is a mistake


make theoretical speculations about theology or discuss theological subjects


reflect on one's own thoughts and feelings


oewn-think-v oewn-opine-v oewn-suppose-v oewn-imagine-v oewn-reckon-v oewn-guess-v

I imagine she earned a lot of money with her new novel


take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof


Galileo theorized the motion of the stars


oewn-speculate-v oewn-theorize-v oewn-theorise-v oewn-conjecture-v oewn-hypothesize-v oewn-hypothesise-v oewn-hypothecate-v oewn-suppose-v

to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds

Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps


decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion

We reasoned that it was cheaper to rent than to buy a house


oewn-solve-v oewn-work_out-v oewn-figure_out-v oewn-puzzle_out-v oewn-lick-v oewn-work-v

find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of


The question concerning the meaning of life cannot be answered


arrive at after reckoning, deliberating, and weighing


He guessed the right number of beans in the jar and won the prize


oewn-deduce-v oewn-infer-v oewn-deduct-v oewn-derive-v

reason by deduction; establish by deduction


oewn-establish-v oewn-base-v oewn-ground-v oewn-found-v


build a defense on nothing but the accused person's reputation


oewn-calculate-v oewn-cipher-v oewn-cypher-v oewn-compute-v oewn-work_out-v oewn-reckon-v oewn-figure-v

make a mathematical calculation or computation


apply quantum theory to; restrict the number of possible values of (a quantity) or states of (a physical entity or system) so that certain variables can assume only certain discrete magnitudes that are integral multiples of a common factor


perform mathematical and logical operations on (data) according to programmed instructions in order to obtain the required information

The results of the elections were still being processed when he gave his acceptance speech


The rent was prorated for the rest of the month


make a proportional settlement or distribution


I miscalculated the number of guests at the wedding


What do you get when you add up these numbers?


a quantum computer can factor the number 15


consider as relevant when making a decision

You must factor in the recent developments


deduct a loss or an unused credit from taxable income for a prior period


multiply (a number) by itself a specified number of times: 8 is 2 raised to the power 3


estimate the value of something based on known values


calculate a derivative; take the derivative


calculate the integral of; calculate by integration


oewn-analyze-v oewn-analyse-v oewn-psychoanalyze-v oewn-psychoanalyse-v

I was analyzed in Vienna by a famous psychiatrist


oewn-analyze-v oewn-analyse-v oewn-break_down-v oewn-dissect-v oewn-take_apart-v

make a mathematical, chemical, or grammatical analysis of; break down into components or essential features


analyze syntactically by assigning a constituent structure to (a sentence)


combine so as to form a more complex, product

his operas synthesize music and drama in perfect harmony


Vitamin D only synthesizes when sunlight is available


oewn-analyze-v oewn-analyse-v oewn-study-v oewn-examine-v oewn-canvass-v

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning


This writer anatomized the depth of human behavior


determine or distinguish the nature of a problem or an illness through a diagnostic analysis


examine (organs) for diagnostic purposes