a school of painters who used a technique of painting with tiny dots of pure colors that would blend in the viewer's eye; developed by Georges Seurat and his followers late in 19th century France


an educational institution for children too young for elementary school


an educational institution's faculty and students


an academy for the advanced study of Jewish texts (primarily the Talmud)


the body of faculty and students of a college


an institution of higher education created to educate and grant degrees; often a part of a university


a school that teaches nonresident students by mail


a special school where students are crammed


a school in which students learn to dance


formerly a school that charged tuition fees and also received government grants in return for admitting certain non-paying students who were nominated by the local authorities


a school where people are taught to drive automobiles


an academy for training military officers


an academy for training air force officers


a school established by Plato in ancient Athens

Plato's Academy continued for several hundred years after Plato died


an institution for the advancement of art or science or literature


an academy that gives annual awards for achievements in motion picture production and performance


an academy that gives annual awards for outstanding achievements in television


an honorary group of French writers and thinkers supported by the French government

the French Academy sets standards for the use of the French language


an honorary American society of scientists created by President Lincoln during the American Civil War


an honorary academy in London (founded in 1768) intended to cultivate painting and sculpture and architecture in Britain


an honorary English society (formalized in 1660 and given a royal charter by Charles II in 1662) through which the British government has supported science


a school for teaching the clerical aspects of business and commerce


a graduate school offering study leading to a degree of Master in Business Administration


a graduate school offering study leading to degrees in dentistry


a private school for girls that emphasizes training in cultural and social activities


a school for teaching students to fly airplanes


a college that offers only the first two years terminating in an associate degree


a nonresidential junior college offering a curriculum fitted to the needs of the community


a school in a university offering study leading to degrees beyond the bachelor's degree


a graduate school offering study leading to a law degree


Muslim schools in Bangladesh and Pakistan

the Pakistan government decided to close down madrasas that provided military training for their students


a graduate school offering study leading to a medical degree


a Muslim school in Indonesia operated by religious leaders


a private religious school run by a church or parish


a school where horsemanship is taught and practiced


oewn-secondary_school-n oewn-lyceum-n oewn-lycee-n oewn-Gymnasium-n oewn-middle_school-n

a school for students intermediate between elementary school and college; usually grades 9 to 12


a school where secretarial skills (typing and shorthand and filing etc) are taught


a private place of education for the young


a theological school for training ministers or priests or rabbis


a school teaching mechanical and industrial arts and the applied sciences


a technical school offering instruction in many industrial arts and applied sciences


a secondary school teaching the skilled trades


a company of militia in England or America from the 16th century to the 18th century


a school providing training for a special field or profession


a school providing practical vocational and technical training


the body of faculty and students at a university


the members of a university as distinguished from the other residents of the town in which the university is located

the relations between town and gown are always sensitive


a large and diverse institution of higher learning created to educate for life and for a profession and to grant degrees


a university system having several separate campuses and colleges and research centers


a British university that is open to people without formal academic qualifications and where teaching is by correspondence or broadcasting or summer school


a British abbreviation of `university'; usually refers to Oxford University or Cambridge University


the faculty and students of a school specializing in one of the fine arts


the body of teachers and administrators at a school

the dean addressed the letter to the entire staff of the university


a particular society at a particular time and place


a society that allows its members considerable freedom (as in a democracy)

America's open society has made it an easy target for terrorists


a society with the social organization of a tribe


group that supports itself by hunting and fishing and by gathering wild fruits and vegetables; usually nomadic


a social group within a national culture that has distinctive patterns of behavior and beliefs


suburbanites considered as a cultural class or subculture


young adults (a generational unit) considered as a cultural class or subculture


an urban youth culture associated with rap music and the fashions of African-American residents of the inner city


a minority youth culture whose distinctiveness depended largely on the social class and ethnic background of its members; often characterized by its adoption of a particular music genre


a youth subculture (mostly from the middle class) originating in San Francisco in the 1960s; advocated universal love and peace and communes and long hair and soft drugs; favored acid rock and progressive rock music


the prehistoric civilization on the islands in the Aegean sea and the surrounding countries

by 800 BC the entire Aegean culture had adopted this style of pottery


the bronze-age culture of mainland Greece that flourished 2500-1100 BC


the bronze-age culture of the Indus valley that flourished from about 2600-1750 BC


the bronze-age culture of Crete that flourished 3000-1100 BC


oewn-Cycladic_civilization-n oewn-Cycladic_civilisation-n oewn-Cycladic_culture-n oewn-Cyclades-n

the Bronze Age civilization on the Cyclades islands in the southern Aegean Sea that flourished 3000-1100 BC


the late bronze-age culture of Mycenae that flourished 1400-1100 BC


the prehistoric culture of the earliest human inhabitants of North America and South America


the Paleo-American culture of Central America and North America; distinguished chiefly by sharp fluted projectile points made of obsidian or chalcedony


the Paleo-American culture of Central America and North America; distinguished chiefly by a thin finely made flint projectile point having the shape of a leaf


the modern culture of western Europe and North America

when Ghandi was asked what he thought of Western civilization he said he thought it would be a good idea


the subculture of users of psychedelic drugs


(Jamaica) a Black youth subculture and religious movement that arose in the ghettos of Kingston, Jamaica, in the 1950s; males grow hair in long dreadlocks and wear woolen caps; use marijuana and listen to reggae music


a group of warships organized as a tactical unit


the great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588


a group of steamships operating together under the same ownership


group of motor vehicles operating together under the same ownership


a fleet of military vehicles controlled by a single agency and available for use as needed


group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership


oewn-alliance-n oewn-coalition-n oewn-alignment-n oewn-alinement-n

an organization of people (or countries) involved in a pact or treaty


people (or countries) who are not aligned with other people (or countries) in a pact or treaty


a leftist coalition organized against a common opponent


oewn-world_organization-n oewn-world_organisation-n oewn-international_organization-n oewn-international_organisation-n oewn-global_organization-n

an international alliance involving many different countries


an alliance made up of states that had been Soviet Socialist Republics in the Soviet Union prior to its dissolution in Dec 1991


an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security


an assembly of people for the purpose of unhurried consideration and discussion


the supreme deliberative assembly of the United Nations


the administrative arm of the United Nations


a permanent council of the United Nations; responsible for preserving world peace


a permanent council of the United Nations that commissions a country (or countries) to undertake the administration of a territory


a permanent council of the United Nations; responsible for economic and social conditions


a commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with human rights


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with drug traffic


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with the status of women in different societies


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development of African nations


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development of countries in Asia and the Far East


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development in Europe


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development in Latin America


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with population control


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with social development


the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with statistical data from member nations


a court established to settle disputes between members of the United Nations


an agency of the United Nations responsible for programs to aid education and the health of children and mothers in developing countries


the United Nations agency concerned with the international organization of food and agriculture


a United Nations agency created by a multinational treaty to promote trade by the reduction of tariffs and import quotas


the United Nations agency concerned with atomic energy


a United Nations agency created to assist developing nations by loans guaranteed by member governments


the United Nations agency concerned with civil aviation


an agency of the United Nations affiliated with the World Bank


a United Nations agency that invests directly in companies and guarantees loans to private investors; affiliated with the World Bank


the United Nations agency concerned with the interests of labor


the United Nations agency concerned with international maritime activities


a United Nations agency to promote trade by increasing the exchange stability of the major currencies


an agency of the United Nations that promotes education and communication and the arts


an agency of the United Nations that promotes drug control and crime prevention


the United Nations office responsible for crime prevention and criminal justice and law reform


a United Nations agency to coordinate international health activities and to help governments improve health services


the United Nations agency concerned with the international collection of meteorological data


the group of countries whose currencies are tied to the British pound sterling


an organization formed by merging several groups or parties


a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes)


a North American Indian confederacy organized by the Muskogee that dominated the southeastern part of the United States before being removed to Oklahoma


a commercial and defensive confederation of free cities in northern Germany and surrounding areas; formed in 1241 and most influential in the 14th century when it included over 100 towns and functioned as an independent political power; the last official assembly was held in 1669


the union of Greece and Cyprus (which is the goal of a group of Greek Cypriots)


a political unit formed from previously independent people or organizations


an association of states or organizations or individuals for common action


oewn-Iroquois_League-n oewn-League_of_Iroquois-n oewn-Five_Nations-n oewn-Six_Nations-n

a league of Iroquois tribes including originally the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca (the Five Nations); after 1722 they were joined by the Tuscarora (the Six Nations)


an association of nations to promote free trade within the union and set common tariffs for nations that are not members


a customs union comprising Belgium and Netherlands and Luxembourg


a social class separated from others by distinctions of hereditary rank or profession or wealth


(Hinduism) a hereditary social class among Hindus; stratified according to ritual purity


(Hinduism) a Hindu caste or distinctive social group of which there are thousands throughout India; a special characteristic is often the exclusive occupation of its male members (such as barber or potter)


(Hinduism) the name for the original social division of Vedic people into four groups (which are subdivided into thousands of jatis)


the highest of the four varnas: the priestly or sacerdotal category


the second highest of the four varnas: the noble or warrior category


the third of the four varnas: the commoners or yeoman farmers or mercantile and professional category


the lowest of the four varnas: the servants and workers of low status


next year the meeting will be in Chicago


religious (usually evangelistic) meeting held in a large tent or outdoors and lasting several days


a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)


a meeting of elected or appointed representatives


an organization founded by James Leonard Farmer in 1942 to work for racial equality


the convention of United States statesmen who drafted the United States Constitution in 1787


a meeting of people to develop mutual understanding by freely expressing emotions


a public meeting or assembly for open discussion


a meeting of a legislative body at which all members are present

the plenum will vote on all tax increases


a meeting of people for psychotherapeutic purposes


a meeting at which the management reports to the stockholders of a company


there was an informal meeting in my living room


a council consisting of permanent representatives of all the member countries of NATO; has political authority and powers of decision


a body serving in an administrative capacity


a municipal body that can pass ordinances and appropriate funds etc.


a council that shares the supreme executive power


a village council in India or southern Pakistan


an advisory council to a ruler (especially to the British Crown)


(chiefly Brit) a council representing employer and employees of a plant or business to discuss working conditions etc; also: a committee representing the workers elected to negotiate with management about grievances and wages etc


government of a town by an assembly of the qualified voters


(Christianity) an assembly of theologians and bishops and other representatives of different churches or dioceses that is convened to regulate matters of discipline or doctrine


(early Christian church) one of seven gatherings of bishops from around the known world under the presidency of the Pope to regulate matters of faith and morals and discipline

the first seven councils through 787 are considered to be ecumenical councils by both the Roman Catholic church and the Eastern Orthodox church but the next fourteen councils are considered ecumenical only by the Roman Catholic church


the first ecumenical council in 325 which produced the wording of the Nicene Creed and condemned the heresy of Arianism


the second ecumenical council in 381 which added wording about the Holy Spirit to the Nicene Creed


the third ecumenical council in 431 which declared Mary as mother of God and condemned Pelagius


the fourth ecumenical council in 451 which defined the two natures (human and divine) of Christ


the fifth ecumenical council in 553 which held Origen's writings to be heretic


the sixth ecumenical council in 680-681 which condemned Monothelitism by defining two wills in Christ, divine and human


the seventh ecumenical council in 787 which refuted iconoclasm and regulated the veneration of holy images


the council in 869 that condemned Photius who had become the patriarch of Constantinople without approval from the Vatican, thereby precipitating the schism between the eastern and western churches


any of five general councils of the Western Catholic Church that were held in the Lateran Palace


the first council of the Western Church held in the Lateran Palace in 1123; focused on church discipline and made plans to recover the Holy Lands from the Muslim `infidels'


the second council of the Western Church in 1139 which put an end to the dogmatic errors of Arnold of Brescia


the Lateran Council in 1179 that condemned the heresies of the Albigenses and the Waldenses


the Lateran Council in 1215 was the most important council of the Middle Ages; issued a creed against Albigensianism, published reformatory decrees, promulgated the doctrine of transubstantiation, and clarified church doctrine on the Trinity and Incarnation


the council of the Western Church in 1245 that excommunicated Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and planned a new crusade against the Holy Land


the council in 1274 that effected a temporary reunion of the Greek Orthodox with the Roman Catholic Church


the council in 1311-1313 that dealt with alleged crimes of the Knights Templar, planned a new crusade, and took on the reformation of the clergy


the council in 1414-1418 that succeeded in ending the Great Schism in the Roman Catholic Church


the council in 1431-1439 that concentrated on the elimination of heresies and on reforms within the Roman Catholic Church


the council in 1512-1517 that published disciplinary decrees and planned (but did not carry out) a crusade against Turkey


a council of the Roman Catholic Church convened in Trento in three sessions between 1545 and 1563 to examine and condemn the teachings of Martin Luther and other Protestant reformers; redefined the Roman Catholic doctrine and abolished various ecclesiastical abuses and strengthened the papacy


each of two councils of the Roman Catholic Church


the Vatican Council in 1869-1870 that proclaimed the infallibility of the pope when speaking ex cathedra


the Vatican Council in 1962-1965 that abandoned the universal Latin liturgy and acknowledged ecumenism and made other reforms


the legislative assembly composed of delegates from the rebel colonies who met during and after the American Revolution; they issued the Declaration of Independence and framed Articles of Confederation


a legislative assembly in certain countries (e.g., Japan)


a deliberative or legislative or administrative or judicial assembly


an association of businessmen to protect and promote business interests


a legislative assembly in certain countries


the lower house of the parliament of the Irish Republic


the upper house of the parliament of the Irish Republic


a legislative body in the ruling assembly of Russia and of some other republics in the former USSR


an elected governmental council in a communist country (especially one that is a member of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)


a political movement uniting Palestinian Arabs in an effort to create an independent state of Palestine; when formed in 1964 it was a terrorist organization dominated by Yasser Arafat's al-Fatah; in 1968 Arafat became chairman; received recognition by the United Nations and by Arab states in 1974 as a government in exile; has played a largely political role since the creation of the Palestine National Authority


an Irish republican political movement founded in 1905 to promote independence from England and unification of Ireland; became the political branch of the Irish Republican Army


a radical political movement by Chinese youths who espoused Maoist principles


a radical political movement that advocates bringing industry and government under the control of labor unions


a council at which indigenous peoples of southern Africa meet to discuss some important question


a Pashto term for a decision making assembly of male elders

most criminal cases are handled by a tribal Jirga rather than by laws or police


a grand council or grand assembly used to resolve political conflicts or other national problems

he convened a Loya Jirga that persuaded tribal leaders to acquiesce


a council convened to discuss ecclesiastical business


a council with representatives from different nations


an independent and exclusive commission of nonpartisan statesmen and experts formed to investigate some important governmental issue


a board of officials that are not judicial but are appointed to hear appeals


a board of officials elected to administer the public business of a New England town


a committee of university officers who have general supervision over the welfare and conduct of students


a governing board elected or appointed to direct the policies of an educational institution


the seven-member board governing the Federal Reserve System


a board that manages the affairs of an institution


an administrative unit responsible for maintaining records and other secretarial duties; especially for international organizations


a special group delegated to consider some matter

a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours


a commission delegated to supervise an election


a commission delegated to ensure opportunities for the expression of opposing views


a commission delegated to propose plans for future activities and developments


a commission with jurisdiction over fisheries and navigation in a port or river


a self-constituted organization to promote something


a parliamentary committee appointed for some special purpose


a subset of committee members organized for a specific purpose


a volunteer committee to maintain order where an efficient legal system does not exist


a committee to welcome new residents to a community


a permanent committee of the United States House of Representatives that makes recommendations to the US House on all bills that would raise revenue


a committee to arrange the order of business for some larger (legislative) body


a committee appointed to consider ethical issues


a committee appointed to consider financial issues


the chief executive and political committee of the Communist Party


committee formed by a special-interest group to raise money for their favorite political candidates


a permanent executive committee in socialist countries that has all the powers of some larger legislative body and that acts for it when it is not in session


a meeting or conference for the public discussion of some topic especially one in which the participants form an audience and make presentations


an academic meeting or seminar usually led by a different lecturer and on a different topic at each meeting


a conference held in Potsdam in the summer of 1945 where Truman, Stalin, and Churchill drew up plans for the administration of Germany and Poland after World War II ended


a conference held in Yalta in February 1945 where Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill planned the final stages of World War II and agreed to the territorial division of Europe


a colloquium at which the results of (scientific) research are reported


the magistrate or judge or judges sitting in court in judicial capacity to compose the court collectively


a group of officers who patrol the borders of a country


patrol of officers who police a harbor area


a group that goes through a region at regular intervals for the purpose of security


the family and retinue of a sovereign or prince


an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business


a court whose jurisdiction is to review decisions of lower courts or agencies


one of the twelve federal United States courts of appeals that cover a group of states known as a `circuit'


(law) a judicial division of a state or the United States (so-called because originally judges traveled and held court in different locations); one of the twelve groups of states in the United States that is covered by a particular circuit court of appeals


the county courts of England (replaced in 1971 by Crown courts)


a court having jurisdiction over criminal cases


a military court convened to hear urgent charges of offenses committed in action


a military court to try members of the armed services who are accused of serious breaches of martial law


a court-martial to try soldiers for offenses less serious that than those committed in action; consists of at least three officers


a court having jurisdiction over the termination of marriage contracts


a court in some states in the United States that has jurisdiction over family disputes (especially those involving children)


a court establish by the authority of a federal government


a secret federal court created in 1978 by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act; responsible for authorizing wiretaps and other forms of electronic surveillance and for authorizing searches of suspected spies and terrorists by the Department of Justice or United States intelligence agencies


any court whose decisions can be appealed to a higher court


a former tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church (1232-1820) created to discover and suppress heresy


an inquisition initiated in 1478 by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella that guarded the orthodoxy of Catholicism in Spain (especially from the 15th to the 17th centuries)

the Spanish Inquisition was administered by both civil and church authorities which gave it ultimate power


an inquisition set up in Italy in 1542 to curb the number of Protestants

it was the Roman Inquisition that put Galileo on trial


a court having jurisdiction over dependent and delinquent children


a judicial court of commissioned officers for the discipline and punishment of military personnel


a mock court where law students argue hypothetical cases


a criminal court (in large cities) that sits at night


a military court for trying people charged with minor offenses in an occupied area


a court that has power to prosecute for minor offenses and to bind over for trial in a superior court anyone accused of serious offenses


a court having jurisdiction over the probate of wills and the administration of estates


a local court with criminal jurisdiction and sometimes administrative functions


(Roman Catholic Church) the supreme ecclesiastical tribunal for cases appealed to the Holy See from diocesan courts


a former English court that became notorious for its arbitrary methods and severe punishments


any court that has jurisdiction above an inferior court


the highest federal court in the United States; has final appellate jurisdiction and has jurisdiction over all other courts in the nation


the highest court in most states of the United States


a court that has power to prosecute for traffic offenses


the first court before which the facts of a case are decided


a collection of works (plays, songs, operas, ballets) that an artist or company can perform and do perform for short intervals on a regular schedule


the entire range of skills or aptitudes or devices used in a particular field or occupation

the repertory of the supposed feats of mesmerism


a body of legislators that serve in behalf of some constituency

a Congressional vacancy occurred in the representation from California


oewn-agency-n oewn-federal_agency-n oewn-government_agency-n oewn-bureau-n oewn-office-n oewn-authority-n


an agency of the United States government that is created by an act of Congress and is independent of the executive departments


a unit responsible for gathering and interpreting information about an enemy


an agency of the armed forces that obtains and analyzes and uses information of strategic or tactical military value


an intelligence service in the United States


a group of government agencies and organizations that carry out intelligence activities for the United States government; headed by the Director of Central Intelligence


an agency of the Intelligence Community that conducts advanced research and development related to information technology


an intelligence agency of the United States in the Department of Defense; is responsible for providing intelligence in support of military planning and operations and weapons acquisition


a logistics combat support agency in the Department of Defense; provides worldwide support for military missions


the organization in the Defense Logistics Agency that inventories and evaluates and sells reusable United States government surplus


the agency in the Department of Defense that provides scientific and technical information to federal agencies and their contractors


an intelligence agency outside the United States


Canada's main foreign intelligence agency that gathers and analyzes information to provide security intelligence for the Canadian government


the United Kingdom's central unit for the tasking and coordination and funding of intelligence and security agencies


Canadian agency that gathers communications intelligence and assist law enforcement and security agencies


an agency of the Canadian government that unifies the intelligence units of Canadian law enforcement agencies


an agency of the Canadian government that provides litigation and legal advice and opinions to the government


the Pakistan intelligence agency; a powerful and almost autonomous political and military force; has procured nuclear technology and delivery capabilities; has had strong ties with the Taliban and other militant Islamic groups


Russia's intelligence service responsible for foreign operations, intelligence-gathering and analysis, and the exchange of intelligence information; collaborates with other countries to oppose proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, terrorism and organized crime


Switzerland's information network for security and defense studies and for peace and conflict research and for international relations


an international administrative unit responsible for law enforcement


an international intelligence agency permitting collaboration among intelligence agencies around the world


the most notorious and possibly the most important arm of Iraq's security system

the Iraqi Mukhabarat has been involved in numerous terrorist activities


formerly Iraq's elite military unit whose primary role was to protect the government in Baghdad


the clandestine military wing of the Jewish leadership during the British rule over the mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948; became the basis for the Israeli defense force


the ground and air and naval forces of Israel


Israel's elite secret commando unit responsible for counterterrorist and top secret intelligence gathering and hostage rescue missions


a specialist regiment of the British army that is trained in commando techniques of warfare and used in clandestine operations (especially against terrorist groups)


the Israeli military intelligence which produces comprehensive national intelligence briefings for the prime minister and the cabinet


the primary focus of the Mossad is on Arab nations


the government agency in the United Kingdom that is responsible for internal security and counterintelligence overseas


an agency of the Canadian government that oversees the activities of the Criminal Intelligence Services of Canada and has the power to intrude on the privacy of suspected terrorists or spies


the government agency in the United Kingdom that is responsible for internal security and counterintelligence on British territory


the Israeli domestic counterintelligence and internal security agency

the Shin Bet also handles overall security for Israel's national airline


an intelligence agency in the United States Department of Defense that designs and builds and operates space reconnaissance systems to detect trouble spots worldwide and to monitor arms control agreements and environmental issues and to help plan military operations


the United States cryptologic organization that coordinates and directs highly specialized activities to protect United States information systems and to produce foreign intelligence information


oewn-United_States_Secret_Service-n oewn-US_Secret_Service-n oewn-USSS-n oewn-Secret_Service-n oewn-SS-n

the United States intelligence agency that protects current and former presidents and vice presidents and their immediate families and protects distinguished foreign visitors; detects and apprehends counterfeiters; suppresses forgery of government securities and documents


an agency responsible for insuring obedience to the laws


a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment


a government agency or instrument devoted to the performance of some specific function

The Census Bureau is an organ of the Commerce Department


the department in charge of the navy (as in Great Britain)


the government bureau in the Department of Commerce that keeps a record of patents and trademarks and grants new ones


a government monetary authority that issues currency and regulates the supply of credit and holds the reserves of other banks and sells new issues of securities for the government


the central bank of those members of the European Union who share a common currency

The European Central Bank is Europe's equivalent of the Federal Reserve


oewn-Federal_Reserve_System-n oewn-Federal_Reserve-n oewn-Fed-n oewn-FRS-n

the central bank of the United States; incorporates 12 Federal Reserve branch banks and all national banks and state-chartered commercial banks and some trust companies

the Fed seeks to control the United States economy by raising and lowering short-term interest rates and the money supply


one of 12 regional banks that monitor and act as depositories for banks in their region


an independent agency of the United States federal government that maintains fair and free competition; enforces federal antitrust laws; educates the public about identity theft


the investigative arm of the Federal Trade Commission


a central management agency that sets Federal policy for Federal procurement and real property management and information resources management


an agency in the General Services Administration that is a security organization to provide a safe environment where Federal agencies can conduct their business


professional or clerical workers in an office

the whole office was late the morning of the blizzard


a group of associated research workers in a university or library or laboratory


those in a business who are responsible for sales


those in an organization responsible for preventing spying or theft


those in a business responsible for maintaining the physical plant


an independent agency of the United States government that protects the interests of small businesses and ensures that they receive a fair share of government contracts


a public administrative unit given responsibility for the renovation of blighted urban areas


a governmental agency that regulates businesses in the public interest


an independent federal agency that administers compulsory military service


an administrative unit responsible for gathering and interpreting meteorological data for weather study and forecasts


an agency that designs advertisement to call public attention to its clients


a private firm that maintains consumer credit data files and provides credit information to authorized users for a fee


an agency that makes inquiries for its clients


an agency that finds people to fill particular jobs or finds jobs for unemployed people


an office that finds suitable employment for applicants


a union-operated placement office where jobs are allotted to applicants according to seniority or rotation


an organization that provides businesses with credit ratings of other firms

Dun & Bradstreet is the largest mercantile agency in the United States


oewn-news_agency-n oewn-press_agency-n oewn-wire_service-n oewn-press_association-n oewn-news_organization-n oewn-news_organisation-n

an agency to collects news reports for newspapers and distributes it electronically


a news agency that sells features or articles or photographs etc. to newspapers for simultaneous publication


a business that makes its facilities available to others for a fee; achieves economy of scale


oewn-United_States_government-n oewn-United_States-n oewn-U.S._government-n oewn-US_Government-n oewn-U.S.-n

the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States


the branch of the United States government that is responsible for carrying out the laws


the branch of the United States government that has the power of legislating


an agency of the legislative branch that provides printing and binding services for Congress and the departments and establishments of the federal government


the branch of the United States government responsible for the administration of justice


the federal government of the United States


government workers; usually hired on the basis of competitive examinations


people elected or appointed to administer a government


a gathering of the minimal number of members of an organization to conduct business


the quorum required by Jewish law to be present for public worship (at least ten males over thirteen years of age)


a large gathering of people intended to arouse enthusiasm


a rally (especially of students) before a game


a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement


an al-Qaeda sleeper cell may have used Arizona as its base


a cell of terrorists (usually 3 to 5 members)

to insure operational security the members of adjacent terrorist cells usually don't know each other or the identity of their leadership


a terrorist cell that performs clandestine activities


a terrorist cell whose members are trained to perform reconnaissance and surveillance


a terrorist cell responsible for logistics; usually large and less compartmentalized than other terrorist cells


a subversive group that supports the enemy and engages in espionage or sabotage; an enemy in your midst


an association of neighboring states or tribes in ancient Greece; established originally to defend a common religious center


a political unit with extreme and fanatical views


a political unit organized to promote revolution


a secret group organized to overthrow a government or occupation force


the French underground that fought against the German occupation in World War II


a political system governed by a single individual


a constitutional system of government (usually with a written constitution)


a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them


a form of government having two joint rulers


the dominance or leadership of one social group or nation over others

the hegemony of a single member state is not incompatible with a genuine confederation


a political system in which a mob is the source of control; government by the masses


a political system governed by a few people

one of his cardinal convictions was that Britain was not run as a democracy but as an oligarchy


a political system governed by the wealthy people


a form of government whose head of state is not a monarch

the head of state in a republic is usually a president


a form of government in which scientists and technical experts are in control

technocracy was described as that society in which those who govern justify themselves by appeal to technical experts who justify themselves by appeal to scientific forms of knowledge


a political unit governed by a deity (or by officials thought to be divinely guided)


an autocracy governed by a monarch who usually inherits the authority


an economic system based on private ownership of capital


capitalism that invests in innovative enterprises (especially high technology) where the potential profits are large


a hidden sector of the economy where private cash transactions go unreported

no one knows how large the black economy really is


an economic system built on large industries rather than on agriculture or craftsmanship


oewn-market_economy-n oewn-free_enterprise-n oewn-private_enterprise-n oewn-laissez-faire_economy-n

an economy that relies chiefly on market forces to allocate goods and resources and to determine prices


an economic system that combines private and state enterprises


an economic system that is primarily capitalistic but there is some degree of government ownership of the means of production


an economic system in which the government owns most means of production but some degree of private capitalism is allowed


a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership


any of several international socialist organizations


an economic system based on state ownership of capital


a form of socialism featuring racism and expansionism and obedience to a strong leader


the system of production and distribution and consumption


a non-market economy in which government intervention is important in allocating goods and resources and determining prices


an economic system (Europe in 18th century) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests


the managed economy of a communist state


a social organization in which diversity of racial or religious or ethnic or cultural groups is tolerated


the members of a social organization who are in power


any dangerous departure from the teachings of Marx


a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment


group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent


all of the offspring of a given progenitor

we must secure the benefits of freedom for ourselves and our posterity


all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age


a United States youth subculture of the 1950s; rejected possessions or regular work or traditional dress; for communal living and psychedelic drugs and anarchism; favored modern forms of jazz (e.g., bebop)


a rock group from Liverpool who between 1962 and 1970 produced a variety of hit songs and albums (most of them written by Paul McCartney and John Lennon)


a British youth subculture that first appeared in the 1950s; mainly from unskilled backgrounds, they adopted a pseudo-Edwardian dress code and rock'n'roll music; proletarian and xenophobic, they were involved in race riots in the United Kingdom


a youth subculture closely associated with punk rock music in the late 1970s; in part a reaction to the hippy subculture; dress was optional but intended to shock (plastic garbage bags or old school uniforms) and hair was dyed in bright colors (in Mohican haircuts or sometimes spiked in bright plumes)


originally a British youth subculture that evolved out of the teddy boys in the 1960s; wore black leather jackets and jeans and boots; had greased hair and rode motorcycles and listened to rock'n'roll; were largely unskilled manual laborers


a youth subculture that appeared first in England in the late 1960s as a working-class reaction to the hippies; hair was cropped close to the scalp; wore work-shirts and short jeans (supported by suspenders) and heavy red boots; involved in attacks against Asians and football hooliganism


a youth subculture that began in London in the early 1960s; a working-class movement with highly stylized dress and short hair; listened to rhythm and blues music and travelled on motor scooters


the larger than expected generation in United States born shortly after World War II


the generation following the baby boom (especially Americans and Canadians born in the 1960s and 1970s)


one of two basic subdivisions of a tribe


a social division of (usually preliterate) people


a clan or tribe identified by their kinship to a common totemic object


a group of people attractively arranged (as if in a painting)


twelve kin groups of ancient Israel each traditionally descended from one of the twelve sons of Jacob


the ten Tribes of Israel that were deported into captivity in Assyria around 720 BC (leaving only the tribes of Judah and Benjamin)


(botany) the arrangement of veins in a leaf


(botany) the arrangement of young leaves in a leaf bud before it opens


a sequence of numbers or letters that opens a combination lock


a sequence of numbers in which each number equals the sum of the two preceding numbers


a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government


a settlement on the frontier of civilization


a newly established colony (especially in the colonization of North America)

the practice of sending convicted criminals to serve on the Plantations was common in the 17th century


a colony given to a proprietor to govern (in 17th century)


a world organization of autonomous states that are united in allegiance to a central power but are not subordinate to it or to one another


a body of people or families living together and sharing everything


a powerful lobby that advocates the right to own and bear arms and rejects any gun regulation by the government


the people who support some common cause or business or principle or sectional interest


the organization of people at different ranks in an administrative body


a series of things depending on each other as if linked together


a chain of connected ideas or passages or objects so arranged that each member is closely related to the preceding and following members (especially a series of patristic comments elucidating Christian dogma)


(figurative) a series of associated things or people or experiences


a series of sentinels or of military posts enclosing or guarding some place or thing


a connected series of events or actions or developments


a series of poems or songs on the same theme


a serial arrangement of metallic elements or ions according to their electrode potentials determined under specified conditions; the order shows the tendency of one metal to reduce the ions of any other metal below it in the series


a series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system

put honesty first in her hierarchy of values


an arrangement of data consisting of sets and subsets such that every subset of a set is of lower rank than the set


a classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin etc


the organization of classes within a society


a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity


oewn-social_organization-n oewn-social_organisation-n oewn-social_structure-n oewn-social_system-n oewn-structure-n

the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships

the social organization of England and America is very different


racial segregation enforced primarily in public transportation and hotels and restaurants and other public places


segregation (especially in schools) that happens in fact although not required by law


the traditional Hindu or Muslim system of keeping women secluded


the body of Mullahs (Muslim scholars trained in Islam and Islamic law) who are the interpreters of Islam's sciences and doctrines and laws and the chief guarantors of continuity in the spiritual and intellectual history of the Islamic community


a social system that provides separate facilities for minority groups


a social system in which white people live separately from members of other races


a group of persons chosen to govern the affairs of a corporation or other large institution


a board of directors a portion of whose members are elected each year instead of all members being elected annually


the management of a gambling house or casino

the house gets a percentage of every bet


the national leadership adopted his plan


a board appointed to advise the chief administrator


persons appointed by a head of state to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers


the senior ministers of the British government


a group of senior members of the political party that is out of power; these members would probably assume corresponding positions as ministers in the British Cabinet if their party was elected


a board to advise the President; members are the secretaries of executive departments; the United States constitution does not provide for the cabinet


a board to select personnel for involuntary military service


the advisory board of the Tibetan government-in-exile


a company whose capital is represented by stock


a company (usually unincorporated) which has the capital of its members pooled in a common fund; transferable shares represent ownership interest; shareholders are legally liable for all debts of the company


oewn-closed_corporation-n oewn-close_corporation-n oewn-private_corporation-n oewn-privately_held_corporation-n

a corporation owned by a few people; shares have no public market


a corporation that is entirely owned by the members of a single family


stock is publicly traded but most is held by a few shareholders who have no plans to sell


a company that is incorporated but has no assets or operations


a federally sponsored corporation that insures accounts in national banks and other qualified institutions


a corporation authorized by Congress to provide a secondary market for residential mortgages


a federally chartered corporation that purchases mortgages


a secret unauthorized meeting for religious worship


she asked how to avoid kissing at the end of a date


a meeting arranged by the visitor to see someone (such as a doctor or lawyer) for treatment or advice


a date; usually with a member of the opposite sex


a meeting for lunch; usually to conduct business while eating


a meeting of influential people to conduct business while eating breakfast


an evangelistic meeting intended to reawaken interest in religion


the class occupying the highest position in the social hierarchy


a group or class of persons enjoying superior intellectual or social or economic status


one of the elect who have power inside the government


the cream of England's young men were killed in the Great War


people interested in culture and cultural activities


the gentry who own land (considered as a class)


the class of people exerting power or authority


oewn-society-n oewn-high_society-n oewn-beau_monde-n oewn-smart_set-n oewn-bon_ton-n


it was designed for the discriminating few


a privileged class holding hereditary titles


members of the nobility (especially of the French nobility)


the peers of a kingdom considered as a group


a class of 14th century Japanese who were trained in martial arts and were hired for espionage and assassinations


musketeers and their muskets collectively


group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place


oewn-zumbooruk-n oewn-zumbooruck-n oewn-zamburek-n oewn-zamboorak-n oewn-zamburak-n oewn-camel_cavalry-n

a camel cavalry used in the early modern era by Arab, Afghan, Persian, and Indian armies


an armored unit of a modern army equipped with motor vehicles


an army unit consisting of soldiers who fight on foot

there came ten thousand horsemen and as many fully-armed foot


infantry trained and equipped to parachute


civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army


the entire body of physically fit civilians eligible by law for military service


a volunteer unit formed to defend the homeland while the regular army is fighting elsewhere


United States military reserves recruited by the states and equipped by the federal government; subject to call by either


the agency that administers the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard; provides liaison between the Army and the Air Force and various National Guard units


British unit of nonprofessional soldiers organized for the defense of Great Britain


oewn-terrorist_organization-n oewn-terrorist_group-n oewn-foreign_terrorist_organization-n oewn-FTO-n

a political movement that uses terror as a weapon to achieve its goals


the northern army during the American Civil War


the southern army during the American Civil War


the American army during the American Revolution


oewn-United_States_Army-n oewn-US_Army-n oewn-U._S._Army-n oewn-Army-n oewn-USA-n

the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare


a specially trained elite unit of the United States Army


a school for training men and women to become officers in the United States Army


an agency of the United States Army responsible for providing timely and relevant and accurate and synchronized intelligence to tactical and operational and strategic level commanders


an agency in the Department of Defense that is responsible for making ballistic missile defense a reality


a combat support agency in the Department of Defense responsible for developing and operating and supporting information systems to serve the needs of the President and the Secretary of Defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff


a combat support agency that provides geographic intelligence in support of national security


an agency in the Department of Defense that is a national center for research on all aspects of injury control and casualty care


a civilian reserve component of the United States Army comprised of guardsmen who serve during overseas peacekeeping missions and during local emergencies


troops belonging to or allied with your own military forces


troops belonging to the enemy's military forces


the troops who maintain and guard a fortified place


the ordinary members of an organization (such as the enlisted soldiers of an army)

the strike was supported by the union rank and file


an assembly of witches; usually 13 witches


a midnight meeting of witches to practice witchcraft and sorcery; in the Middle Ages it was supposed to be a demonic orgy


oewn-assortment-n oewn-mixture-n oewn-mixed_bag-n oewn-miscellany-n oewn-miscellanea-n oewn-variety-n oewn-salmagundi-n oewn-smorgasbord-n oewn-potpourri-n oewn-motley-n

a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

a great assortment of cars was on display


a witches' brew of gangsters and terrorists


a variety of different things or activities


an assortment of things from which a choice can be made

the store carried a large selection of shoes


oewn-odds_and_ends-n oewn-oddments-n oewn-melange-n oewn-farrago-n oewn-ragbag-n oewn-mishmash-n oewn-mingle-mangle-n oewn-hodgepodge-n oewn-hotchpotch-n oewn-gallimaufry-n oewn-omnium-gatherum-n


Roosevelt created an alphabet soup of federal agencies


the offspring at one birth of a multiparous mammal


a collection of things or persons to be handled together


(Yiddish) a batch of things that go together


all the loaves of bread baked at the same time


a number of birds hatched at the same time


the body of members of an organization or group


a division of some larger or more complex organization


people who constitute the main body of any group


oewn-rabble-n oewn-riffraff-n oewn-ragtag-n oewn-ragtag_and_bobtail-n


people who are highly experienced or who have inside information

the smart money said Truman would lose the election


a group gathered in response to a summons


your alma mater is a school you graduated from


oewn-deputation-n oewn-commission-n oewn-delegation-n oewn-delegacy-n oewn-mission-n


an ambassador and his entourage collectively


an embassy of one British Commonwealth country to another


a permanent diplomatic mission headed by a minister


oewn-mission-n oewn-missionary_post-n oewn-missionary_station-n oewn-foreign_mission-n

an organization of missionaries in a foreign land sent to carry on religious work


a group of journalists representing different publications who all cover the same topics


a body of people doing the same kind of work


a body of people united in opposing something


a heterogeneous collection of groups united in their opposition to Saddam Hussein's government of Iraq; formed in 1992 it is comprised of Sunni and Shiite Arabs and Kurds who hope to build a new government


the major political party opposed to the party in office and prepared to replace it if elected


an amphibious military unit trained for raids into enemy territory


the peacekeeping force includes one British contingent


military officers assigned to assist a senior officer in planning military policy


(plural) a military unit consisting of a commander and the headquarters staff


military staff stationed at headquarters


the highest leaders in an organization (e.g. the commander-in-chief and senior officers of the military)


a monarchy with a king or queen as head of state


a monarchy with an emperor as head of state


an empire established by the Mogul conquerors of India that reigned from 1526 to 1857


the imperial government of Napoleon III in France from 1852-1870


the most dedicated and intensely loyal nucleus of a group or movement


an institution supported by an endowment


a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)


a foundation that provides funds for science or art or education or religion or relief from disease etc.


a charity that does not receive a major part of its support from the public


a charity that is deemed to receive the major part of its support from the public (rather than from a small group of individuals)


an association organized to promote art or science or education


an association or society of women who are linked together by a common religion or trade or interest


a collection of things (goods or works of art etc.) for public display


an exhibition of art objects (paintings or statues)


an exhibition of a representative selection of an artist's life work


an exhibition of pictures or objects viewed through a small hole or magnifying glass


a competitive exhibition of farm products

she won a blue ribbon for her baking at the county fair


fair organized by publishers or booksellers to promote the sale of books


gathering of producers to promote business


the Confederate side was prepared to attack


a group of people working together temporarily until some goal is achieved

the working group was supposed to report back in two weeks


an organized group of people undertaking a journey for a particular purpose


an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States; led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark; traveled from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River from 1803 to 1806


oewn-senior_high_school-n oewn-senior_high-n oewn-high-n oewn-highschool-n oewn-high_school-n

a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12


a secondary school usually including 7th and 8th grades


a school that is part of a cathedral or monastery where boys with singing ability can receive a general education


a tuition free school in the United States supported by taxes and controlled by a school board


an experimental public school for kindergarten through grade 12; created and organized by teachers and parents and community leaders; operates independently of other schools


private independent secondary school in Great Britain supported by endowment and tuition


a public school for boys founded in 1440; located in Berkshire


the oldest English public school; located in Winchester


a school established and controlled privately and supported by endowment and tuition


a parochial school maintained by the Catholic Church


a school where students are taught to dance


a private school taking day students only


a private school where students are lodged and fed as well as taught


a school giving instruction during the daytime


a school that holds classes in the evenings for students who cannot attend during the day


a preschool for children age 4 to 6 to prepare them for primary school


a small informal nursery group meeting for half-day sessions


school meeting on Sundays for religious instruction


a two-year school for training elementary teachers


oewn-grade_school-n oewn-grammar_school-n oewn-elementary_school-n oewn-primary_school-n

a school for young children; usually the first 6 or 8 grades


a secondary school emphasizing Latin and Greek in preparation for college


a former British secondary school emphasizing practical rather than academic education


a large British or Canadian secondary school for children of all abilities


a board in charge of local public schools


a board of officials who divide an area into zones that are subject to different restrictions


a commission delegated to supervise the zoning of areas for residential or commercial use


the body of immigrants arriving during a specified interval

the increased immigration strengthened the colony


a body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court of law


a group of people gathered for a special purpose as to plan or discuss an issue or judge a contest etc


(law) a group of people summoned for jury service (from whom a jury will be chosen)


a committee appointed to judge a competition


a jury to inquire into accusations of crime and to evaluate the grounds for indictments


a jury that is unable to agree on a verdict (the result is a mistrial)


a jury of 12 to determine the facts and decide the issue in civil or criminal proceedings


a jury whose members are selected for special knowledge for a case involving complicated issues


a large gathering of people of a particular type

he was surrounded by a bevy of beauties in bathing attire


the most advanced and responsible group in an activity


recent immigrants who are lumped together as a class by their low socioeconomic status in spite of different cultural backgrounds


those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare


those who support political or social or economic conservatism; those who believe that things are better left unchanged


United States political faction that advocates social and political conservativism, school prayer, and federal aid for religious groups and schools


a faction that is unwilling to accept new ideas


those who argue that the decision to have an induced abortion should be made by the mother


those who argue that induced abortion is killing and should be prohibited


a class of people favoring traditional ideas


a collection of merchant ships with an escort of warships


a procession of land vehicles traveling together


the seance was held in the medium's parlor


a sum total of many heterogenous things taken together


a bank that acts as an agent for a foreign bank


a financial institution that accepts demand deposits and makes loans and provides other services for the public


a commercial bank chartered by the federal government


a bank chartered by a state rather than by the federal government


a bank named by a lending syndicate of several banks to protect their interests


a bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve System


a credit card processing bank; merchants receive credit for credit card receipts less a processing fee


the financial institution that dispenses cash in automated teller machines and collects a fee from the bank that issued the credit card


a corporation gaining financial control over another corporation or financial institution through a payment in cash or an exchange of stock


an agency (usually a bank) that is appointed by a corporation to keep records of its stock and bond owners and to resolve problems about certificates


a financial institution that funds their investment activities from the sale of securities or insurance


oewn-depository_financial_institution-n oewn-bank-n oewn-banking_concern-n oewn-banking_company-n

a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities


a financial institution (often affiliated with a holding company or manufacturer) that makes loans to individuals or businesses


a finance company that makes loans to people who have trouble getting a bank loan


a finance company that makes small loans to industrial workers


a finance company owned by a manufacturer to finance dealers' inventories or to make loans to consumers buying the company's products


a finance company that buys (at a discount) the installment sales contracts of retail merchants


a finance company that makes loans to manufacturers and wholesalers


a cooperative nationwide system of banks and associations providing credit to farmers and related businesses; originally capitalized by the federal government but now owned by its members and borrowers


an underground banking system based on trust whereby money can be made available internationally without actually moving it or leaving a record of the transaction


a depository financial institution intended to encourage personal savings and home buying


a thrift institution that is required by law to make a certain percentage of its loans as home mortgages


British equivalent of United States savings and loan association


a thrift institution in the northeastern United States; since deregulation in the 1980s they offer services competitive with many commercial banks


one of 11 regional banks that monitor and make short-term credit advances to thrift institutions in their region


the central credit system for thrift institutions


the federal agency in the Department of Housing and Urban Development that insures residential mortgages


an administrative unit responsible for social work concerned with the welfare and vocational training of children


an independent federal agency that oversees the exchange of securities to protect investors


an organization (usually with a commercial bank) that is engaged as a trustee or fiduciary or agent in handling trust funds or estates of custodial arrangements or stock transfers or related services


a state-chartered savings bank owned by its depositors and managed by a board of trustees


a squad formed to fire volleys at a military funeral or to carry out a military execution


the customers for a particular product or service

before they publish any book they try to determine the size of the market for it


the aggregation of things (pedestrians or vehicles) coming and going in a particular locality during a specified period of time


traffic created by the movement of aircraft


traffic created by people going to or returning from work


the aggregation of vehicles coming and going in a particular locality


an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit


a military formation leaving enough space between ranks to allow an inspecting officer to pass


a military formation for drill or marching


a military formation for skirmishing; as widely separated as the tactical situation permits


the daily military formation at which individuals report to the medical officer as sick


a procession (of wagons or mules or camels) traveling together in single file

we were part of a caravan of almost a thousand camels


a procession of people traveling on horseback


a march of protest or demonstration by the unemployed


a procession of people traveling in motor cars


a ceremonial procession including people marching


a line of persons or things ranged one behind the other


a group advancing in a single-file serpentine path


a line of units following one after another


oewn-cortege-n oewn-retinue-n oewn-suite-n oewn-entourage-n

the group following and attending to some important person


the elite bodyguard of a Roman Emperor in ancient Rome


the withdrawal of the clergy and choir from the chancel to the vestry at the end of a church service


the offensive football players who line up behind the linemen


the defensive football players who line up behind the linemen


the football players who line up on the line of scrimmage


a formation of people or things one behind another

the line stretched clear around the corner


a formation of people or things one beside another

the line of soldiers advanced with their bayonets fixed


the arrangement of people in a line for marching


the order in which individuals are expected to succeed one another in some official position


a line of persons arranged by police for inspection or identification


an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line


the pliers had serrations to improve the grip


a row of houses built in a similar style and having common dividing walls (or the street on which they face)


a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

the entrance was guarded by ranks of policemen


a line of people in single file performing the conga dance


a line of people or vehicles waiting for something


a queue of people waiting to pay for purchases


a queue of people waiting for food to be served (especially at a military camp)


a queue of vehicles waiting to purchase gasoline


a line of people (hosts and guests of honor) who welcome the guests at a reception party


a queue of people waiting to buy tickets


a queue of people waiting for employment


a linear array of numbers, letters, or symbols side by side


a vertical array of numbers or other information


the aggregation of a country's military aircraft


a system of coordinated measures for apprehending (criminals or other individuals)


a system of means and activities whereby a social institution functions


an interconnected system of things or people


an exclusive informal network linking members of a social class or profession or organization in order to provide connections and information and favors (especially in business or politics)

professional women have developed an old boy network of their own


a network of facilities and people who interact and remain in informal communication for mutual assistance; a network that enables you to live in a certain style


a system whose performance cannot be described by equations of the first degree


a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole

a vast system of production and distribution and consumption keep the country going


a system that is part of some larger system


a system considered analogous in structure or function to a living body


a collection of particulars considered as a system


an entire system; used in the phrase `the whole shebang'


people who perform a particular kind of skilled work


all the plant life in a particular region or period


vegetation (such as young shoots, twigs, and leaves) that is suitable for animals to eat

a deer needs to eat twenty pounds of browse every day


oewn-brush-n oewn-brushwood-n oewn-coppice-n oewn-copse-n oewn-thicket-n


an area thickly overgrown usually with one kind of plant


a dense growth of cane (especially giant cane)


dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes


a growth of similar plants (usually trees) in a particular area


the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area


a small growth of trees without underbrush


the brush (small trees and bushes and ferns etc.) growing beneath taller trees in a wood or forest


the flowers or vegetables or fruits or herbs that are cultivated in a garden


personnel who assist their superior in carrying out an assigned task

the hospital has an excellent nursing staff


personnel having direct job performance responsibilities


personnel having overall planning and direction responsibilities


oewn-dictatorship-n oewn-absolutism-n oewn-authoritarianism-n oewn-Caesarism-n oewn-despotism-n oewn-monocracy-n oewn-one-man_rule-n oewn-shogunate-n oewn-Stalinism-n oewn-totalitarianism-n oewn-tyranny-n

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)


a country that maintains repressive control over the people by means of police (especially secret police)


the collection of rules imposed by authority

civilization presupposes respect for the law


the body of rules and regulations and orders and decisions created by administrative agencies of government


the body of codified laws governing the affairs of a Christian church


the body of laws established by a state or nation for its own regulation


a system of jurisprudence based on judicial precedents rather than statutory laws

common law originated in the unwritten laws of England and was later applied in the United States


the body of laws governing relations between nations


the branch of international law that deals with territorial and international waters or with shipping or with ocean fishery etc.


a phrase used in the Magna Carta to refer to the then established law of the kingdom (as distinct from Roman or civil law); today it refers to fundamental principles of justice commensurate with due process

the United States Constitution declares itself to be `the supreme law of the land'


the body of law imposed by the military over civilian affairs (usually in time of war or civil crisis); overrides civil law


the body of rules applied to commercial transactions; derived from the practices of traders rather than from jurisprudence


the body of laws and rules of conduct administered by military courts for the discipline, trial, and punishment of military personnel


the laws (beginning with the Ten Commandments) that God gave to the Israelites through Moses; it includes many rules of religious observance given in the first five books of the Old Testament (in Judaism these books are called the Torah)


oewn-shariah-n oewn-shariah_law-n oewn-sharia-n oewn-sharia_law-n oewn-Islamic_law-n

the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed


Islamic laws stating the limits ordained by Allah and including the deterrent punishments for serious crimes


the body of laws created by legislative statutes


the body of laws governing the issuance and selling of securities


a collection of live animals for study or display


logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements

we shall consider these questions in the inverse order of their presentation


the ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells


the ordering of genes in a haploid set of chromosomes of a particular organism; the full DNA sequence of an organism

the human genome contains approximately three billion chemical base pairs


the normal version of the genetic code in which a sequence of three nucleotides codes for the synthesis of a specific amino acid


similar things placed in order or happening one after another

they were investigating a series of bank robberies


a group of postage stamps having a common theme or a group of coins or currency selected as a group for study or collection

the Post Office issued a series commemorating famous American entertainers


a series with a definite pattern of advance


a series of unexpected and unpleasant occurrences


serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern


a sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding


a group of people or things arranged or following in order

a succession of stalls offering soft drinks


a succession of stages or operations or processes or units

progressing in severity as though a cascade of genetic damage was occurring


an extended (often showy) succession of persons or things


(mathematics) a progression in which a constant is added to each term in order to obtain the next term

1-4-7-10-13- is the start of an arithmetic progression


(mathematics) a progression in which each term is multiplied by a constant in order to obtain the next term

1-4-16-64-256- is the start of a geometric progression


(mathematics) a progression of terms whose reciprocals form an arithmetic progression


dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas

two streams of development run through American history


a succession of waves spaced at regular intervals


an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers


a storage pile accumulated for future use


a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn


all the data (ledgers and journals and spreadsheets) that support a financial statement; can be hard copy or machine readable


a library catalog is metadata because it describes publications


unanalyzed data; data not yet subjected to analysis


a collection of anecdotes about a person or place


any particular collection of letters or packages that is delivered


mail sent to public figures from their admirers


mail that expresses the writer's dislike or hatred (usually in offensive language)


the candidate sent out three large mailings


any collection of valuables that is discovered

her book was a treasure trove of new ideas


trinkets and other ornaments of dress collectively


the place names of a region or a language considered collectively


a group of people with a common ideology who try together to achieve certain general goals


a style of design that was popular in the 1920s and 1930s; marked by stylized forms and geometric designs adapted to mass production


a French school of art and architecture popular in the 1890s; characterized by stylized natural forms and sinuous outlines of such objects as leaves and vines and flowers


oewn-avant-garde-n oewn-vanguard-n oewn-van-n oewn-new_wave-n

any creative group active in the innovation and application of new concepts and techniques in a given field (especially in the arts)


an abstractionist artistic movement in Russia after World War I; industrial materials were used to construct nonrepresentational objects


a geometric abstractionist movement originated by Kazimir Malevich in Russia that influenced constructivism


an artistic movement in France beginning in 1907 that featured surfaces of geometrical planes


a nihilistic art movement (especially in painting) that flourished in Europe early in the 20th century; based on irrationality and negation of the accepted laws of beauty


a group of artists who agree on general principles


an art movement early in the 20th century; the artist's subjective expression of inner experiences was emphasized; an inner feeling was expressed through a distorted rendition of reality


an art movement based on expressionism; developed in 1980s in Europe and United States; crudely drawn garish paintings


a movement that tried to go beyond expressionism


an art movement launched in 1905 whose work was characterized by bright and nonnatural colors and simple forms; influenced the expressionists


an artistic movement in Italy around 1910 that tried to express the energy and values of the machine age


the first coherent school of American art; active from 1825 to 1870; painted wilderness landscapes of the Hudson River valley and surrounding New England


a movement by American and English poets early in the 20th century in reaction to Victorian sentimentality; used common speech in free verse with clear concrete imagery


English poets at the beginning of the 19th century who lived in the Lake District and were inspired by it


an artistic movement in the United States that was derived from the Hudson River school; active from 1850 to 1870; painted realistic landscapes in a style that pictured atmospheric light and the use of aerial perspective


an art movement in sculpture and painting that began in the 1950s and emphasized extreme simplification of form and color


an artistic movement in 19th century France; artists and writers strove for detailed realistic and factual description


an art movement based on a revival of Romanticism in art and literature


an art movement in French cinema in the 1960s


an Austrian school of art and architecture parallel to the French art nouveau in the 1890s


a 20th century movement of artists and writers (developing out of dadaism) who used fantastic images and incongruous juxtapositions in order to represent unconscious thoughts and dreams


an artistic movement in the late 19th century that tried to express abstract or mystical ideas through the symbolic use of images


an international (but decentralized) movement started in 1908 in England with the goal of teaching good citizenship to boys


a corporation that operates through a national council that charters local councils all over the United States; the purpose is character building and citizenship training


an organization of young women and girls founded in 1912 for character development and citizenship training


movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effort to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizens


a movement in which several individuals or groups with different interests join together

the unions presented a common front at the bargaining table


a group of people working together to advance certain cultural goals


a movement promoting union between religions (especially between Christian churches)


a spiritual movement that began in China in the latter half of the 20th century and is based on Buddhist and Taoist teachings and practices


a group of people working together to achieve a political goal


a movement in Europe from about 1650 until 1800 that advocated the use of reason and individualism instead of tradition and established doctrine

the Enlightenment brought about many humanitarian reforms


oewn-labor_movement-n oewn-trade_union_movement-n oewn-labor-n oewn-labour-n

an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement


a former international labor union and radical labor movement in the United States; founded in Chicago in 1905 and dedicated to the overthrow of capitalism; its membership declined after World War I


the system or principles and theory of labor unions


a movement intended to bring about social and humanitarian reforms


a movement intended to bring about religious reforms


a religious movement by Arab Shiite Muslims in 17th century Iraq that is opposed to the Usuli

Akhbari Shiism has never promoted political control


a religious movement by Persian Shiite Muslims in 17th century Iran that is opposed to the Akhbari

Usuli Shiism produced the politically active caste of priests that is a distinctive feature of Iranian Shiism


the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected); many leaders were Jesuits


a movement aimed to promote understanding and cooperation among Christian churches; aimed ultimately at universal Christian unity


a religious movement originating among the French Roman Catholic clergy that favored the restriction of papal control and the achievement by each nation of individual administrative autonomy of the church


oewn-Lubavitch-n oewn-Lubavitch_movement-n oewn-Chabad-Lubavitch-n oewn-Chabad-n

a large missionary Hasidic movement known for their hospitality, technological expertise, optimism and emphasis on religious study


19th-century movement in the Church of England opposing liberal tendencies


17th and 18th-century German movement in the Lutheran Church stressing personal piety and devotion


a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches


a fundamentalist Islamic militia; in 1995 the Taliban militia took over Afghanistan and in 1996 took Kabul and set up an Islamic government

the Taliban enforced a strict Muslim code of behavior


a multiethnic alliance in Afghanistan who practice a moderate form of Islam and are united in their opposition to the Taliban


a group of militant Black Americans who profess Islamic religious beliefs and advocate independence for Black Americans


the cultural movement of the Renaissance; based on classical studies


people who are involuntarily out of work (considered as a group)

the long-term unemployed need assistance


a group of submarines operating together in attacking enemy convoys


a group of people living together in a camp


a company that makes and sells musical recordings


a party of former associates who have come together again


oewn-mover-n oewn-public_mover-n oewn-moving_company-n oewn-removal_firm-n oewn-removal_company-n

a company that moves the possessions of a family or business from one site to another


a company that does research for hire and issues reports on the implications


in the Protestant Episcopal Church: a committee elected by the congregation to work with the churchwardens in managing the temporal affairs of the church


a movement of world Jewry that arose late in the 19th century with the aim of creating a Jewish state in Palestine


oewn-Zhou-n oewn-Zhou_dynasty-n oewn-Chou-n oewn-Chou_dynasty-n oewn-Chow-n oewn-Chow_dynasty-n

the imperial dynasty of China from 1122 to 221 BC; notable for the rise of Confucianism and Taoism


a gathering of military personnel for duty

he was thrown in the brig for missing muster


a gathering of people holding a rap session


the body of people (such as students) who register or enroll at the same time


a company of people assembled at a table for a meal or game

he entertained the whole table with his witty remarks


an ecumenical organization of Protestant and eastern churches; intended to promote unity and cooperation in religious and secular matters


I hope to become one of their number before I die


a body of voters who have the same interests


any organization or party whose uniforms or badges are blue


any organization or party whose uniforms or badges are grey


any organization that provides resources and facilities for a function or event

Atlanta was chosen to be host for the Olympic Games


an organization of people or resources that can be shared


a group of typists who can work for different persons


a company in the business of shipping freight


the middle of a military or naval formation


the body of Jews (or Jewish communities) outside Palestine or modern Israel


the front of a military formation or procession


an administrative unit of local government


the back of a military formation or procession


a collection of small fragments considered as a whole


any people believing themselves to be chosen by God


an ethnic group speaking Bengali and living in Bangladesh and eastern India


an ethnic minority descended from Berbers and Arabs and living in northern Africa


an ethnic minority living on the Caspian Sea in southwestern Russia and Azerbaijan


an ethnic group speaking Flemish and living in northern and western Belgium


the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac's son Jacob); the nation whom God chose to receive his revelation and with whom God chose to make a covenant (Exodus 19)


an ethnic minority of Polynesian and Melanesian descent who speak Maori and live in New Zealand


an ethnic minority speaking Mayan languages and living in Yucatan and adjacent areas


an ethnic group speaking Umbundu and living in western Angola


an ethnic minority speaking Pashto and living in northwestern Pakistan and southeastern Afghanistan


an ethnic group (mostly Muslim) living in Tajikistan and neighboring areas of Uzbekistan and Afghanistan and China


an ethnic group speaking a dialect of French and living in southern and eastern Belgium and neighboring parts of France


joint monarchs of Spain; Ferdinand V and Isabella I


aristocratic Italian family of powerful merchants and bankers who ruled Florence in the 15th century


formerly the predominant security police organization of Soviet Russia


the internal counterintelligence agency of the Russian Federation and successor to the Soviet KGB; formerly led by Vladimir Putin


an administrative agency of the Russian government


a community of followers of the Wicca religion


joint monarchs of England; William III and Mary II


a gathering of people to taste and compare different wines


a group within a political party or legislature or other organization that holds distinct views or has a particular function

they are the progressive wing of the Republican Party


(New Testament) the sages who visited Jesus and Mary and Joseph shortly after Jesus was born; the Gospel According to Matthew says they were guided by a star and brought gifts of gold and frankincense and myrrh; because there were three gifts it is usually assumed that there were three of them


an international organization based in Geneva that monitors and enforces rules governing global trade


an association of people to promote the welfare of senior citizens


a United States association of real estate agents which follows a strict code of ethics


an association of nations dedicated to economic and political cooperation in southeastern Asia and who joined with the United States to fight against global terrorism


Circassian people living east of the Black Sea


a community of Native Americans who speak a Hokan language and live in northeastern California


a community of Native Americans who speak a Hokan language and live in Baja California


a community of Native Americans who speak an Eskimo-Aleut language and inhabit the Aleutian Islands and southwestern Alaska

the Aleut and the Eskimo are related culturally and linguistically


a mostly Sunni Muslim community living in northwestern Caucasia


the small group of Quechua living in the Cuzco Valley in Peru who established hegemony over their neighbors in order to create an empire that lasted from about 1100 until the Spanish conquest in the early 1530s


a community of South American Indians in Peru who were formerly the ruling class of the Incan Empire


a community of Negroid people in southern South Africa


a community of Negroid people in eastern South Africa


a race with skin pigmentation different from the white race (especially Blacks)


oewn-LGBTQ-n oewn-LGBT-n oewn-LGBT-pl--n oewn-LGBTQIA-n oewn-LGBTQIA-pl--n

the community of people who have a non-normative gender and/or sexual identity, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, or asexual


All of the fans or devotees of something


a boundless succession of elements arranged in a given order.

Normally, the term infinite sequence refers to a sequence which is infinite in one direction, and finite in the other—the sequence has a first element, but no final element (a singly infinite sequence).


all the listeners collectively of a particular radio programme, station, or broadcaster.

In 2012, the share of radio listenership on mobile phones has increased by 10%, as compared to 2009.


a pile of wooden billets, covered with turf or moistened clay, used to produce wood charcoal.

Professional charcoal burners often lived alone in small huts in order to tend their charcoal piles.


an open woodland in a tropical area with monsoon climate.


a term encompassing a number of religious institutes of the Catholic Church, such as the Order of St. Ursula or the Ursulines of the Roman Union.


The inorganic particulate matter suspended in bodies of water such as lakes and seas.


They are divided into two branches, the monastic Order of St. Ursula (post-nominals O.S.U.), among whom the largest organization are the Ursulines of the Roman Union, described in this article.


a very large, loose grouping of stars that are of similar spectral type and relatively recent origin.


a forest comprising mainly of broad-leaved trees that shed all their leaves during one season.


the chief executive agency of a political party; it usually consists of members chosen by the national convention to represent geographical areas or constituent elements in the party and has general supervisory powers over the organization of national conventions and the planning of campaigns


a council consisting of usually the eldest and most experienced members of the community.


a group of people that share the likelihood of being affected by a given event (developing a disease, chance of being cured, etc.).


items related to the life of Napoleon (engravings, paintings, books, etc.).


a Roman Catholic female congregation founded in 1571 in Braniewo.


minerals that can be found together in a rock.


the class of workers who are salaried and get regular, non-hourly pay checks.


a female order of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.


The Institute of the Ursuline Sisters of the Immaculate Virgin Mary was founded in Gandino (Bergamo, Italy) on 3rd December 1818.


the uncertainties or difficulties inherent in a situation or plan.

Deals with the problematics that globalization poses for critical communication scholarship.


A weight class division in combat sports, for fighters heavier than those in the flyweight division and lighter than those in the featherweight division.


(combat sports) a division of competition used to match competitors against others of their own size.


A weight class division in combat sports, for fighters heavier than those in the bantamweight division and lighter than those in the lightweight division.


A weight class division in combat sports, for fighters heavier than those in the lightweight division and lighter than those in the welterwight division.


A weight class division in combat sports, for fighters heavier than those in the welterweight division and lighter than those in the middleweight division.


A weight class division in combat sports, often the lightest.


A weight class division in combat sports, for fighters heavier than those in the middleweight division and lighter than those in the heavyweight division.


A weight class division in combat sports, for fighters heavier than those in the lightweight division and lighter than those in the middleweight division.


A weight class division in combat sports, for fighters heavier than those in the middleweight division and lighter than those in the super heavyweight division.


A weight class division in combat sports, for fighters heavier than those in the featherweight division and lighter than those in the welterweight division.


A weight class division in combat sports, often the heaviest.


District banner is formed by knights of a district.


Court banner is formed by troops of the King.


a group of four players, including a piano player, a violin player, a viola player and a cello player.


one of many religious congregations of women.


The quality or characteristic of being Czech.

There´s more Czechness in Brno than in Prague, says American academic now living in the Czech Republic.


a Roman Catholic female order founded in 1859 by Robert Spiske.


a political system in which Cabinet collectively decides the government's direction, especially in regard to legislation passed by the parliament.


a distinct patch or grouping of plants that can be distinguished from other units.


monks collectively, considered as a group.


council in a religious order who provide counsel and assistance to the superiors general and provincial superior of their order.


a spirit or ideals of the Olympic Games.

According to the principles of Olympism, the practice of sport is a human right.


an organization dedicated to the exploration of space.

If the space agency is no longer running, then the date when it was terminated (i.e. the last day of operations) is given.


Countries such as the United States have maintained separate Scouting organizations for boys and girls.


fictional people in the 'Fortess', a series of fantasy novels by science fiction and fantasy author C. J. Cherryh.


an audio library is a collection of sound recordings.


a younger member or members of a group considered as a revitalizing force, as in an organization.


Breed line is offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically.

He is most remembered for his breed line of dogs.


An art style influenced by that of the 16th-century Italian Baroque painter Caravaggio.

Caravaggism, a modern term used to describe the international artistic movement generated by Caravaggio's style, had a considerable life until the early 1630s.


an art movement founded by Italian artist Lucio Fontana in Milan in 1947 in which he intended to synthesize colour, sound, space, movement, and time into a new type of art.

Originally a figurative artist like many experimentalists, he was influenced by the spatialism of Fontana.


movement in Spanish and Spanish American poetry after World War I, characterized by a tendency to use free verse, complicated metrical innovations, and daring imagery and symbolism instead of traditional form and content.

Jorge Luis Borges declared that the "newest aesthetic," Ultraism, is the poetic alternative to "the prevailing Rubenism and Anecdotalism."


An early 20th-century Russian school of poetry that rejected the vagueness and emotionality of Symbolism in favor of Imagist clarity and texture.

Amongst the major acmeist poets, each interpreted acmeism in a different stylistic light, from Akhmatova's intimate poems on topics of love and relationships to Gumilev's narrative verse.


a short-lived movement originating in Austria-Hungary around 1908 and influencing nearby Slavic states in the Balkans as well as Russia.

The Neo-Slavism of 1908-1910 and its effects up to the First World. War were to a large extent a creation of Czech "foreign policy".


a Jewish religious movement that repudiated oral tradition as a source of divine law and defended the Hebrew Bible as the sole authentic font of religious doctrine and practice.

This ephemeral appearance of Karaism on Spanish soil was fruitful for Jewish historical literature, for it induced the philosophically trained Abraham ibn Daud of Toledo to write his "Sefer ha-Ḳabbalah" (1161), which is invaluable for the history of the Jews in Spain.


a bank or other financial institution that registers, distributes, and sells a security on the primary market on behalf of another company.