fine powdery material such as dry earth or pollen that can be blown about in the air


free microscopic particles of solid material

astronomers say that the empty space between planets actually contains measurable amounts of dust


a monounsaturated fatty acid that has the same structure as oleic acid except that it is a trans fatty acid; the major trans fatty acid in margarine and fried foods


any of various elastic materials that resemble rubber (resumes its original shape when a deforming force is removed)


one of four substances thought in ancient and medieval cosmology to constitute the physical universe

the alchemists believed that there were four elements


a sweet flavored liquid (usually containing a small amount of alcohol) used in compounding medicines to be taken by mouth in order to mask an unpleasant taste


a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of


the air that is inhaled and exhaled in respiration


air that has been heated and tends to rise


gas at a high pressure that can be used as a propellant


air at a pressure greater than that of the atmosphere

compressed air is often used to power machines


the trapped air that supports a hovercraft a short distance above the water or ground


once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles), associated with the humour blood


once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles), associated with the humour bile


the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface

they dug into the earth outside the church


a light soil consisting of siliceous diatom remains and often used as a filtering material


an earth color containing ferric oxides; used as a pigment


a water-soluble brownish-yellow pigment made by boiling wood soot


a reddish-brown pigment produced by roasting sienna


a yellowish-brown pigment made from untreated sienna


any of various earths containing silica and alumina and ferric oxide; used as a pigment


pigment consisting of a limonite mixed with clay and silica


once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles), associated with the humour black bile


a deposit of clay and disintegrating rock that is found in its original place


the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock


a chemical substance used to improve the structure of the soil and increase its porosity

gypsum can be used as a soil conditioner


crust or layer of hard subsoil encrusted with calcium-carbonate occurring in arid or semiarid regions


binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent


water that has been blessed by a priest for use in symbolic purification


an odorous glandular secretion from the male musk deer; used as a perfume fixative


a sweet liquid secretion that is attractive to pollinators


a chemical substance secreted externally by some animals (especially insects) that influences the physiology or behavior of other animals of the same species


the fifth and highest element after air and earth and fire and water; was believed to be the substance composing all heavenly bodies


once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles), associated with the humour phlegm


underground water that is held in the soil and in pervious rocks


an omega-3 fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms; found in fish (especially tuna and bluefish)


the proper amount and distribution of electrolytes in the body is essential for health


a liquid solution that results from elution


a liquid solution of copper sulfate and potassium tartrate and sodium hydroxide that is used to test for sugar in the urine; solution turns reddish when sugar is present


a 10% solution of formaldehyde in water; used as a disinfectant or to preserve biological specimens


a medicated solution used for gargling and rinsing the mouth


a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water)


extract from the pancreas of animals that contains pancreatic enzymes; used to treat pancreatitis and other conditions involving insufficient pancreatic secretions


any solution that is injected (as into the skin)


a solution having the same osmotic pressure as blood


a pancreatic enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of elastin


a green transparent form of beryl; highly valued as a gemstone


stiff paper coated with powdered emery or sand


a mixture of emery dust and a binder; can be molded into grindstones


enzyme in the intestinal juice that converts inactive trypsinogen into active trypsin


a glycoprotein secreted by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells


organic compound formed by reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water


a colorless odorless alkane gas used as fuel


a fragrant colorless flammable volatile liquid ester made from ethanol and acetic acid; used in flavorings and perfumes and as a solvent for plastics


a flammable colorless gaseous alkene; obtained from petroleum and natural gas and used in manufacturing many other chemicals; sometimes used as an anesthetic


a heavy colorless highly toxic liquid used as a solvent to clean electronic components and for dry cleaning and as a fumigant; causes cancer and liver and lung damage


a complex molecule used medically to chelate metal ions in cases of lead or heavy metal poisoning


a sweet but poisonous syrupy liquid used as an antifreeze and solvent


a sweet colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid used as an antifreeze and in brake fluid and also as a humectant in cosmetics and personal care items although it can be absorbed through the skin with harmful effects


an acrid brown gum resin now used mainly in veterinary medicine


any agent that promotes menstrual discharge


a steel that contains 0.9% carbon (the eutectic point); a carbon steel with 0.9% carbon is pure pearlite


a substance that oozes out from plant pores


a powerful chemical explosive that produces gas at a very high rate


an explosive with a low rate of combustion


a foul-smelling outflow or vapor (especially a gaseous waste)


a watery discharge from the mucous membranes (especially from the eyes or nose)


discharge of secretions from the cervical glands of the vagina; normally clear or white


oewn-body_waste-n oewn-excretion-n oewn-excreta-n oewn-excrement-n oewn-excretory_product-n

waste matter (as urine or sweat but especially feces) discharged from the body


oewn-fecal_matter-n oewn-faecal_matter-n oewn-feces-n oewn-faeces-n oewn-BM-n oewn-stool-n oewn-ordure-n oewn-dejection-n

solid excretory product evacuated from the bowels


oewn-crap-n oewn-dirt-n oewn-shit-n oewn-shite-n oewn-poop-n oewn-turd-n


thick dark green mucoid material that is the first feces of a newborn child


abnormally dark tarry feces containing blood (usually from gastrointestinal bleeding)


cylindrical mass of earth voided by a burrowing earthworm or lugworm


oewn-urine-n oewn-piss-n oewn-pee-n oewn-piddle-n oewn-weewee-n oewn-water-n


oewn-vomit-n oewn-vomitus-n oewn-puke-n oewn-barf-n


loose material (stone fragments and silt etc) that is worn away from rocks


oewn-waste-n oewn-waste_material-n oewn-waste_matter-n oewn-waste_product-n

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted


any substance considered disgustingly foul or unpleasant


waste matter carried away in sewers or drains


oewn-garbage-n oewn-refuse-n oewn-food_waste-n oewn-scraps-n

food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)


waste matter that contaminates the water or air or soil


worthless material that is to be disposed of


discarded metal suitable for reprocessing


oewn-debris-n oewn-dust-n oewn-junk-n oewn-rubble-n oewn-detritus-n

the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up


dust consisting of a mixture of small coal fragments and coal dust and dirt that sifts out when coal is passed over a sieve


rubbish carelessly dropped or left about (especially in public places)


(usually plural) waste water from a kitchen or bathroom or chamber pot that has to be emptied by hand


poisonous waste materials; can cause injury (especially by chemical means)


an extravasated liquid (blood or lymph or urine); the product of extravasation


the radioactive particles that settle to the ground after a nuclear explosion


a solid solution in which alpha iron is the solvent


any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile


neuromuscular blocking agent (trade name Flaxedil) used as a muscle relaxant in the administration of anesthesia


a fertilizer that is derived from animal or vegetable matter


a substance added to molten metals to bond with impurities that can then be readily removed


flux applied to surfaces that are to be joined by soldering; flux cleans the surfaces and results in a better bond


(chemistry) the negative univalent acyl radical CHO that occurs in aldehydes


(NaNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive


a crystalline salt (KHCO3) that is used in baking powder and as an antacid


oewn-potassium_chloride-n oewn-potassium_muriate-n oewn-potash_muriate-n oewn-K-Dur_20-n oewn-Kaochlor-n oewn-K-lor-n oewn-Klorvess-n oewn-K-lyte-n

salt of potassium (KCl) (trade names K-Dur 20, Kaochlor and K-lor and Klorvess and K-lyte); taken in tablet form to treat potassium deficiency


oewn-potassium_nitrate-n oewn-saltpeter-n oewn-saltpetre-n oewn-niter-n oewn-nitre-n

(KNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive


a white crystalline salt (KBr) used as a sedative and in photography


a white salt (K2CO3) that is basic in solution; used to make glass and cleansing agents


a white salt (KClO3) used in matches, fireworks, and explosives; also used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent


a poisonous salt (KCN) used in electroplating and in photography


an orange-red salt used in making dyes and in photography


a crystalline salt in organic synthesis and in making photographic emulsions and in iodized table salt


a gas made of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and nitrogen; made by passing air over hot coke


a liquid fatty acid found in milk and sweat and in fuel distillates


a composite rock made up of particles of varying size


a colorless crystalline ptomaine with a foul odor that is produced in decaying animal matter


a red-brown liquid formed in distillation of wood which contains acetic acid, methanol, acetone, wood oils, and tars


any animal or plant material used to fertilize land especially animal excreta usually with litter material


a growing crop that is plowed under to enrich soil


tissue paper suitable for use on the face


a soft greasy substance occurring in organic tissue and consisting of a mixture of lipids (mostly triglycerides)


fat lining the abdomen and kidneys in hogs which is used to make lard


any of a group of hard crystalline minerals that consist of aluminum silicates of potassium or sodium or calcium or barium


any of a series of triclinic feldspars that form rocks


a widely distributed feldspar that forms rocks


rare plagioclastic feldspar occurring in many igneous rocks


a brown unstable acid formed from ferricyanide


salt of ferricyanic acid obtained by oxidation of a ferrocyanide


a protein containing 20% iron that is found in the intestines and liver and spleen; it is one of the chief forms in which iron is stored in the body


a pyrophoric alloy of iron with cerium; used for lighter flints


a white unstable acid formed from ferrocyanide salts


salt of ferrocyanic acid usually obtained by a reaction of a cyanide with iron sulphate


a covering material made of glass fibers in resins


a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn


a tough piece of fiber in vegetables, meat, or other food (especially the tough fibers connecting the two halves of a bean pod)


ground dried fish used as fertilizer and as feed for domestic livestock


fine white Philippine fiber from stalks of unopened leaves of talipot palms; used in making hats


a very slender natural or synthetic fiber


stone that occurs naturally in fields; often used as building material


any material that fills a space or container

there was not enough fill for the trench


a porous unsized paper used for filtering


the product of filtration; a gas or liquid that has been passed through a filter


(a piece of) a substance that burns easily and can be used to start a coal or coke fire


an opal with flaming orange and yellow and red colors


a fatty oil obtained from the livers of various fish


a compound (such as ethanol or formaldehyde) that fixes tissues and cells for microscopic study


a chemical compound that sets or fixes something (as a dye or a photographic image)


a colorless crystalline compound that is part of a number of white or yellow plant pigments


any of a large class of plant pigments having a chemical structure based on or similar to flavone


fiber of the flax plant that is made into thread and woven into linen fabric


a tiny dark speck made by the excrement of a fly


soft silky fibers from cotton plants in their raw state


variety of silica containing microcrystalline quartz


a variety of chert containing magnetite and hematite; mined as a low-grade iron ore


a piece of flint that is struck to light a fire


a ketone that forms the nucleus of certain natural yellow pigments like riboflavin


a hard kind of stone; a form of silica more opaque than chalcedony


pebbles of flint used in masonry construction


a preparation containing wax and used to polish and preserve the finish of floors


a halocarbon in which some hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine; used in refrigerators and aerosols


an unstable poisonous corrosive acid known primarily in the form of its salts


paper that is poisoned or coated with a sticky substance to kill flies


a lightweight material in cellular form; made by introducing gas bubbles during manufacture


spongy rubber; made by introducing air bubbles before vulcanization and used for cushioning or upholstery


a substance used as a warm moist medicinal compress or poultice


a colorless poisonous gas; made by the oxidation of methanol


a colorless pungent fuming vesicatory liquid acid HCOOH found naturally in ants and many plants or made catalytically from carbon monoxide and steam; used in finishing textiles and paper and in the manufacture of insecticides and fumigants


a substance prepared according to a formula

the physician prescribed a commercial preparation of the medicine


oewn-frankincense-n oewn-olibanum-n oewn-gum_olibanum-n oewn-thus-n

an aromatic gum resin obtained from various Arabian or East African trees; formerly valued for worship and for embalming and fumigation


an atom or group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron; in the body it is usually an oxygen molecule that has lost an electron and will stabilize itself by stealing an electron from a nearby molecule

in the body free radicals are high-energy particles that ricochet wildly and damage cells


a mixture of substances (usually salt and ice) to obtain a temperature below the freezing point of water


any one or more chlorofluorocarbons (or related compounds) that are used as an aerosol propellant, organic solvent, or refrigerant


oewn-fructose-n oewn-fruit_sugar-n oewn-levulose-n oewn-laevulose-n

a simple sugar found in honey and in many ripe fruits


a substance that can be consumed to produce energy

more fuel is needed during the winter months


an absorbent soil resembling clay; used in fulling (shrinking and thickening) woolen cloth and as an adsorbent


a yellow to yellow-brown humic substance that is soluble in water under all pH conditions


a colorless crystalline acid with a fruity taste; used in making polyester resins


a colorless toxic flammable liquid used in the synthesis of nylon


a liquid aldehyde with a penetrating odor; made from plant hulls and corncobs; used in making furan and as a solvent


a bitter aromatic gum resin that resembles asafetida


a colorless crystalline acid obtained from tannin


iron that is coated with zinc to protect it from rust


a gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation


deep-red cabochon garnet cut without facets


a fluid in the gaseous state having neither independent shape nor volume and being able to expand indefinitely


hydrocarbon gases, usually propane or butane, kept under pressure


a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with small amounts of other gases; made by blowing steam over hot coke or coal


an Indian gum from the dhawa tree; used as a substitute for gum arabic


strong wrapping paper made from pulp processed with a sulfur solution


a strong wrapping paper that resists penetration by blood or meat fluids


attractive wrapping paper suitable for wrapping gifts


a brass that is rich in copper; used to make articles that were to be gilded


magma of any composition that cooled very rapidly


oewn-quartz_glass-n oewn-quartz-n oewn-vitreous_silica-n oewn-lechatelierite-n oewn-crystal-n

colorless glass made of almost pure silica


a milky white translucent or opaque glass


clear homogeneous glass of known refractive index; used to make lenses


optical glass of low dispersion and low refractive index


optical glass of high dispersion and high refractive index


a glass blown into a globe which is later flattened and spun to form a disk


a kind of natural glass produced when molten lava cools very rapidly


acid or granitic glass formed by the rapid cooling of lava without crystallization; usually dark, but transparent in thin pieces


a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure


glass having a relatively low softening point


glass that diffuses light due to a rough surface produced by abrasion or etching


particulate glass made by grinding and used as an abrasive


glass containing lead oxide; has a high refractive index


a hard, brilliant lead glass that is used in making artificial jewelry


glass made with plates of plastic or resin or other material between two sheets of glass to prevent shattering


a viscous glass consisting of sodium silicate in solution; used as a cement or as a protective coating and to preserve eggs


glass that has been colored in some way; used for church windows


a kind of opalescent colored glass that was used in the early 1900s for stained-glass windows and lamps


a glass that contains a layer of wire netting in it


a solid formed by the solidification of a chemical and having a highly regular atomic structure


(mineralogy) two interwoven crystals that are mirror images on each other


an amine containing the double bond linkage -C=C-N-


either one of a pair of compounds (crystals or molecules) that are mirror images on each other but are not identical


a compound that gives off heat during its formation and absorbs heat during its decomposition


a monosaccharide sugar that has several forms; an important source of physiological energy


an isomer of glucose that is found in honey and sweet fruits


a sweet crystalline aldehyde formed by the breakdown of sugars


a syrupy acid obtained by oxidation of glycerol or glyceraldehyde


an ester of glycerol and fatty acids that occurs naturally as fats and fatty oils

fresh fats contain glycerides of fatty acids and very little free acid


glyceride occurring naturally in animal and vegetable tissues; it consists of three individual fatty acids bound together in a single large molecule; an important energy source forming much of the fat stored by the body


a sweet syrupy trihydroxy alcohol obtained by saponification of fats and oils


a gelatinous preparation made from gelatin and glycerin and water; used as a base for ointments and suppositories


a mixture of glycerin and gelatin that is used in histology for mounting specimens


a medicine made by mixing a substance in glycerin


a medicated skin preparation made from glycerin and glycerinated gelatin


a trivalent radical derived from glycerol by removing the three hydroxyl radicals


oewn-nitroglycerin-n oewn-nitroglycerine-n oewn-trinitroglycerin-n oewn-glyceryl_trinitrate-n oewn-Nitrospan-n oewn-Nitrostat-n

a heavy yellow poisonous oily explosive liquid obtained by nitrating glycerol; used in making explosives and medically as a vasodilator (trade names Nitrospan and Nitrostat)


a group of compounds derived from monosaccharides


a bitter cyanogenic glucoside extracted from the seeds of apricots and plums and bitter almonds


a substance derived from amygdalin; publicized as an antineoplastic drug although there is no supporting evidence


any of various plant glucosides that form soapy lathers when mixed and agitated with water; used in detergents and foaming agents and emulsifiers


a translucent crystalline compound found in sugar cane and sugar beets and unripe grapes


a conjugated protein having a carbohydrate component


a glycoprotein that is found primarily on the surface of helper T cells


a membrane glycoprotein that is found primarily on the surface of cytotoxic T cells


a conjugated protein linked to a compound of iron and porphyrin


any of several plant glycoproteins that act like specific antibodies but are not antibodies in that they are not evoked by an antigenic stimulus


a laminated metamorphic rock similar to granite


any metamorphic rock that can be split into thin layers


a red or brown oxide coating on iron or steel caused by the action of oxygen and moisture


any substance (such as thiouracil) that induces the formation of a goiter


aventurine spangled densely with fine gold-colored particles


a hard cream-colored wax obtained from a Javanese fig tree


paper that has lines to permit drawing graphs


plutonic igneous rock having visibly crystalline texture; generally composed of feldspar and mica and quartz


if steel or iron cool very slowly the cementite may occur in globules instead of in layers


oewn-lubricant-n oewn-lubricator-n oewn-lubricating_substance-n oewn-lube-n

a substance capable of reducing friction by making surfaces smooth or slippery


a thick fatty oil (especially one used to lubricate machinery)


paper that is impermeable to oil or grease; used in cooking


a mixture used by Byzantine Greeks that was often shot at adversaries; catches fire when wetted


a gold alloy (at least 14 karat gold with silver or silver and cadmium) that has a green appearance


a granitic rock composed of quartz and mica


(geology) the matrix of fine-grained crystalline material in which larger crystals are embedded


a kind of hard lead that is used for grids in storage batteries


a thin mortar that can be poured and used to fill cracks in masonry or brickwork


a purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine


the excrement of sea birds; used as fertilizer


22-karat gold from which guinea coins were made


a mixture of cement and sand and water that is sprayed on a surface under pneumatic pressure


an oil having the odor or flavor of the plant from which it comes; used in perfume and flavorings


oewn-attar-n oewn-atar-n oewn-athar-n oewn-ottar-n

essential oil or perfume obtained from flowers


a volatile fragrant oil obtained from fresh roses by steam distillation


essential oil obtained from cloves and used to flavor medicines


a yellow volatile essential oil obtained from costusroot; used in perfumes


an essential oil obtained from the leaves of eucalypts


oewn-turpentine-n oewn-oil_of_turpentine-n oewn-spirit_of_turpentine-n oewn-turps-n

volatile liquid distilled from turpentine oleoresin; used as paint thinner and solvent and medicinally


a dark bitter oil obtained from wormwood leaves; flavors absinthe liqueurs


a colorless fragrant liquid found in many essential oils


any of a class of solid or semisolid viscous substances obtained either as exudations from certain plants or prepared by polymerization of simple molecules


a hard yellowish to brownish translucent fossil resin; used for jewelry


a clear thermosetting resin made from urea and formaldehyde and used in electrical fittings, adhesives, and finishes


a brittle aromatic resin used in varnishes


partly mineralized copal dug from the ground


oewn-kauri-n oewn-kauri_copal-n oewn-kauri_resin-n oewn-kauri_gum-n

resin of the kauri trees of New Zealand; found usually as a fossil; also collected for making varnishes and linoleum


oewn-dammar-n oewn-gum_dammar-n oewn-damar-n oewn-dammar_resin-n

any of various hard resins from trees of the family Dipterocarpaceae and of the genus Agathis; especially the amboyna pine


a hard copal derived from an African tree


translucent brittle substance produced from pine oleoresin; used especially in varnishes and inks and on the bows of stringed instruments


an aromatic exudate from the mastic tree; used chiefly in varnishes


a naturally occurring mixture of a resin and an essential oil; obtained from certain plants


any of various fragrant oleoresins used in medicines and perfumes


any of various aromatic resinous substances used for healing and soothing


yellow transparent exudate of the balsam fir; used as a transparent cement in optical devices (especially in microscopy) and as a mounting medium


an oleoresin obtained from conifers (especially pines)


an oleoresin used in varnishes and ointments


oewn-benzoin-n oewn-gum_benzoin-n oewn-benjamin-n oewn-gum_benjamin-n oewn-asa_dulcis-n

gum resin used especially in treating skin irritation


a colorless oily compound extracted from coal tar and used in manufacturing synthetic resins


a gum resin used as a yellow pigment and a purgative


any of various substances (soluble in water) that exude from certain plants; they are gelatinous when moist but harden on drying


an intervening substance through which something is achieved

the dissolving medium is called a solvent


(bacteriology) a nutrient substance (solid or liquid) that is used to cultivate micro-organisms


(biology) a substance in which specimens are preserved or displayed


a substance that is opaque to x-rays; when administered it allows a radiologist to examine the organ or tissue it fills


a liquid with which pigment is mixed by a painter


a colloidal extract of algae; used especially in culture media and as a gelling agent in foods


any culture medium that uses agar as the gelling agent


a culture medium containing whole blood as the nutrient


a gum used especially as a thickener or emulsifier


exudation from trees of the Prunus genus; resembles gum arabic


a gum from seeds of the guar plant; used to thicken foods and as sizing for paper and cloth


gum from an acacia tree; used as a thickener (especially in candies and pharmaceuticals)


gum arabic from the vicinity of the Senegal river


oewn-gum_butea-n oewn-butea_gum-n oewn-butea_kino-n oewn-Bengal_kino-n

dried juice of the dhak tree; used as an astringent


a gum obtained from various tropical plants; used as an astringent and in tanning


a gum obtained from mesquite pods; resembles gum arabic


a gelatinous substance secreted by plants


exudate of an Asian tree; used for finishing textiles and to thicken foodstuffs and cosmetics


a compound made artificially by chemical reactions


a resin having a polymeric structure; especially a resin in the raw state; used chiefly in plastics


a durable synthetic resin widely used in adhesives and paints


a thermosetting resin; used chiefly in strong adhesives and coatings and laminates


a polymer consisting of two or more different monomers


any of various polymers containing the urethane radical; a wide variety of synthetic forms are made and used as adhesives or plastics or paints or rubber


a foam made by adding water to polyurethane plastics


a garnet ranging in color from yellow to brown


any of various fine-grained silty soils that become waxy and very sticky mud when saturated with water


a whitish rubber derived from the coagulated milky latex of gutta-percha trees; used for insulation of electrical cables


finely pulverized gypsum used especially as a pigment


a gummy orange mixture of uranium oxides and silicates occurring naturally in the hydration and oxidation of pitchblende


a fatty oil from halibut livers that is used as a source of vitamin A


one of various compounds of carbon and any of the halogens


any of five related nonmetallic elements (fluorine or chlorine or bromine or iodine or astatine) that are all monovalent and readily form negative ions


a chad that is incompletely removed and hanging by one corner


unrefined lead that is hard because of the impurities it contains


a lead alloy that contains about 5% antimony


water that contains mineral salts (as calcium and magnesium ions) that limit the formation of lather with soap


a reddish opal with small patches of brilliant color


the principal form of iron ore; consists of ferric oxide in crystalline form; occurs in a red earthy form


an organic compound usually formed as an intermediate product in the preparation of acetals from aldehydes or ketones


poisonous drug derived from an Eurasian plant of the genus Conium

Socrates refused to flee and died by drinking hemlock


oewn-hemolysin-n oewn-haemolysin-n oewn-erythrolysin-n oewn-erythrocytolysin-n

any substance that can cause lysis (destruction) of erythrocytes (red blood cells) and the release of their hemoglobin


a colorless volatile highly flammable liquid obtained from petroleum and used as an anesthetic or a solvent or in determining octane ratings


a chemical agent that destroys plants or inhibits their growth


a colorless flammable liquid alkane derived from petroleum and used as a solvent


a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of a high proportion of protein and relatively little cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with decreased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis


radioactive waste that left in a nuclear reactor after the nuclear fuel has been consumed


an alloy steel that remains hard at a red heat; used to make metal-cutting tools


a tile shaped so as to cover the hip of a hip roof


an essential amino acid found in proteins that is important for the growth and repair of tissue


enzyme that acts as a catalyst in converting histidine to histamine


material that has been homogenized (especially tissue that has been ground and mixed)


hair taken from the mane or tail of a horse


any substance that is added to another substance to keep it moist


partially decomposed organic matter; the organic component of soil


a dark brown humic substance that is soluble in water only at pH values greater than 2

the half-life of humic acid is measured in centuries


an organic residue of decaying organic matter


a black humic substance that is not soluble in water


a red transparent variety of zircon used as a gemstone


a glassy translucent substance that occurs in hyaline cartilage or in certain skin conditions


a viscous mucopolysaccharide found in the connective tissue space and the synovial fluid of movable joints and the humors of the eye; a cementing and protective substance


an enzyme (trade name Hyazyme) that splits hyaluronic acid and so lowers its viscosity and increases the permeability of connective tissue and the absorption of fluids


any compound that contains water of crystallization


a colorless fuming corrosive liquid; a powerful reducing agent; used chiefly in rocket fuels


any binary compound formed by the union of hydrogen and other elements


an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide that is a strong liquid acid


an organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen


any of various naturally occurring impure mixtures of hydrocarbons


any of various dark heavy viscid substances obtained as a residue


a tar formed from distillation of bituminous coal; coal tar can be further distilled to give various aromatic compounds


a gaseous hydrocarbon C4H6; used in making synthetic rubbers


derivative of butadiene used in making neoprene by polymerization


an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride; a strongly corrosive acid


a fluorocarbon emitted as a by-product of industrial manufacturing


a colorless gas that yields hydrobromic acid in solution with water


a colorless poisonous corrosive liquid made by the action of sulphuric acid on calcium fluoride; solutions in water are hydrofluoric acid


a weak poisonous liquid acid; formed by solution of hydrogen fluoride in water


a colorless gas that yields hydroiodic acid in aqueous solution


an acid formed by aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide


a sulfide having the unpleasant smell of rotten eggs


a steel that contains more than 0.9% carbon


an agent that induces drowsiness or sleep


a compound used as a fixing agent in photographic developing


a weak unstable acid known only in solution and in its salts; used as a bleaching agent and as an oxidizing agent


a steel that contains less that 0.9% carbon


any of various agents that decrease the level of glucose in the blood and are used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus


the bivalent group -HNNH- derived from hydrazine


a chemical compound containing the hydroxyl group


the monovalent group -OH in such compounds as bases and some acids and alcohols


the anion OH having one oxygen and one hydrogen atom


a methyl with hydroxide replacing the hydrogen atoms


a thin coating of ice (as from freezing mist) on a road or sidewalk; nearly invisible but very hazardous


oewn-frost-n oewn-hoar-n oewn-hoarfrost-n oewn-rime-n

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)


small pellet of ice that falls during a hailstorm


ice resembling a pendent spear, formed by the freezing of dripping water


a transparent calcite found in Iceland and used in polarizing microscopes


a tiny particle of material that can be added to a product to indicate the source of manufacture


a nickel-base alloy with chromium and iron; used in gas-turbine blades


a hypothetical gas with molecules of negligible size that exert no intermolecular forces


an organic base C3H4N2; a histamine inhibitor


material with which something is impregnated

the impregnation, whatever it was, had turned the rock blue


ink that cannot be erased or washed away


a black liquid ink used for printing or writing or drawing


(chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance; can be used to indicate the completion of a chemical reaction or (in medicine) to test for a particular reaction


a liquid used for printing or writing or drawing


an ink that contains particles of a magnetic substance whose presence can be detected by magnetic sensors


a semisolid quick drying ink made especially for use in printing


any permanent or washable ink used with pens


a red soil containing ferric oxide; often used as a pigment


a red pigment composed in part from ferric oxide which is often used in paints and cosmetics


a plant hormone promoting elongation of stems and roots


a synthetic plant hormone promoting elongation of stems and roots


an agent capable of activating specific genes


a black pigment made from grinding burnt ivory in oil


a substance that produces a fragrant odor when burned


a substance (a virus or toxin or immune serum) that is introduced into the body to produce or increase immunity to a particular disease


any compound that does not contain carbon


a nucleoside that is formed by the deamination of adenosine; used in kidney transplantation to provide a temporary source of sugar


an optically inactive alcohol that is a component of the vitamin B complex


a chemical substance that repels insects


a chemical substance that repels animals


a compound with which fabrics are treated to repel water


insulating material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or sound or electricity


any of several lymphokines that promote macrophages and killer T cells and B cells and other components of the immune system


a substance formed during a chemical process before the desired product is obtained


an alloy of iron and nickel having a low coefficient of thermal expansion; used in tuning forks and measuring tapes and other instruments


an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose


a mixture of equal parts of glucose and fructose resulting from the hydrolysis of sucrose; found naturally in fruits; sweeter than glucose


an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite


a component of a mixture that has been separated by a fractional process


a soluble crystalline acid; used as a reagent and disinfectant


a compound containing the covalent iodine radical


a preparation made from iodinated protein and having an action similar to thyroxine


an iodine containing protein that is obtained from the thyroid gland and exhibits the general properties of the globulins


oewn-iron_blue-n oewn-steel_grey-n oewn-steel_gray-n oewn-Davy-ap-s_grey-n oewn-Davy-ap-s_gray-n


any pigment that produces a greyish to dark greyish blue


a compound containing two atoms of sulfur combined with iron


a highly toxic chemical used to engrave metal plates and electronic circuits


an acid known only in the form of its esters


an essential amino acid found in proteins; isomeric with leucine


a compound that exists in forms having different arrangements of atoms but the same molecular weight


an enzyme that catalyzes its substrate to an isomeric form


a crystalline carboxylic acid; occurs in some fermentations of sugars


a semiprecious gemstone that takes a high polish; is usually green but sometimes whitish; consists of jadeite or nephrite


a yellow wax obtained from sumac berries; used in polishes


a colorless (or pale yellow or smoky) variety of zircon


an opaque form of quartz; red or yellow or brown or dark green in color; used for ornamentation or as a gemstone


any substance having the consistency of jelly or gelatin


a hard black form of lignite that takes a brilliant polish and is used in jewelry or ornamentation


a slender stick of incense burned before a joss by the Chinese


a plant fiber used in making rope or sacks


a plant fiber from the kapok tree; used for stuffing and insulation


a plant fiber from the red silk-cotton tree of eastern India; inferior to kapok


hyaline in the large granules of the stratum granulosum


any of a class of organic compounds having a carbonyl group linked to a carbon atom in each of two hydrocarbon radicals


a ketone that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of fats in the body; any of three compounds (acetoacetic acid, acetone, and/or beta-hydroxybutyric acid) found in excess in blood and urine of persons with metabolic disorders


a group having the characteristic properties of ketones


unstable acid found in abnormal amounts in the blood and urine in some cases of impaired metabolism (as diabetes mellitus or starvation)


beta derivative of hydroxybutyric acid that is found in the blood and urine in some cases of impaired metabolism


a monosaccharide having six carbon atoms and a ketone group


any monosaccharide sugar that contains a ketone group or its hemiacetal


an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a proenzyme to an active enzyme


a piece of soft absorbent paper (usually two or more thin layers) used as a disposable handkerchief


a pinkish lilac crystal form of the mineral spodumene that is used as a gemstone


a preparation of lindane (trade name Kwell) that is used to kill lice and itch mites; available in cream or shampoo


a dark brown to greenish oleoresin that has a fragrant odor and is used as a fixative in perfumes; obtained as a juice from certain rockroses


a black resinous substance obtained from certain trees and used as a natural varnish


any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose


a clear odorless hygroscopic syrupy carboxylic acid found in sour milk and in many fruits


any agent that reduces milk secretion (as given to a woman who is not breast feeding)


a sugar comprising one glucose molecule linked to a galactose molecule; occurs only in milk


a mixture in which substances occur in distinct layers


oil consisting chiefly of olein that is expressed from lard and used especially as a lubricant, cutting oil or illuminant


a red soil produced by rock decay; contains insoluble deposits of ferric and aluminum oxides


a building material consisting of thin strips of wood that provide a foundation for a coat of plaster


a crystalline fatty acid occurring as glycerides in natural fats and oils (especially coconut oil and palm-kernel oil)


a colorless insoluble solid alcohol used to make detergents and pharmaceuticals


brass (or a yellow alloy resembling brass) that was hammered into thin sheets; formerly used for church utensils


rock that in its molten form (as magma) issues from volcanoes; lava is what magma is called when it reaches the surface


hard volcanic rock composed of compacted volcanic ash


a soft porous rock consisting of calcium carbonate deposited from springs rich in lime


lava that hardened in rounded shapes suggestive of pillows; believed to result from underwater eruptions


rock formed by the solidification of molten magma


oewn-batholith-n oewn-batholite-n oewn-pluton-n oewn-plutonic_rock-n

large mass of intrusive igneous rock believed to have solidified deep within the earth


one of a family of granular intrusive rocks


a form of igneous rock consisting of extremely coarse granite resulting from the crystallization of magma rich in rare elements


a dark coarse-grained igneous rock consisting principally of olivine


a rare type of peridotite that sometimes contains diamonds; found in South Africa and Siberia


extrusive igneous rock solidified near or on the surface of the Earth


the mineral form of lead monoxide; in the form of yellow powder it is used as a pigment


a substance used to produce fermentation in dough or a liquid


a durable writing paper used in record books and business ledgers


a red to reddish brown mineral consisting of iron oxide hydroxide; often found in iron ores together with goethite


writing paper having a watermark of fine lines running across the grain


writing paper having a very faint mesh pattern


writing paper for use in writing correspondence


a white crystalline powder used as an agricultural insecticide


a high-quality paper made of linen fibers or with a linen finish


a white crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins that is essential for nutrition; obtained by the hydrolysis of most dietary proteins


a complex polymer; the chief constituent of wood other than carbohydrates; binds to cellulose fibers to harden and strengthen cell walls of plants


a common mineral consisting of crystallized calcium carbonate; a major constituent of limestone


oewn-calcium_hydroxide-n oewn-lime-n oewn-slaked_lime-n oewn-hydrated_lime-n oewn-calcium_hydrate-n oewn-caustic_lime-n oewn-lime_hydrate-n

a caustic substance produced by heating limestone


a sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that was deposited by the remains of marine animals


a weathered and decomposed siliceous limestone; in powdered form it is used in polishing


the form of calcium carbonate found in stalactites and stalagmites


a bicarbonate that is a major cause of hard water, with chemical formula Ca(HCO3)2


a salt found in nature as chalk or calcite or aragonite or limestone


solution of calcium hydroxide in water used as an antacid


a deliquescent salt; used in de-icing and as a drying agent


a saltlike binary compound (CaH2) used as a reducing agent and source of hydrogen


a liquid terpene with a lemon odor; found in lemons and oranges and other essential oils


a widely occurring iron oxide ore; a mixture of goethite and hematite and lepidocrocite


a liquid polyunsaturated fatty acid abundant in plant fats and oils; a fatty acid essential for nutrition; used to make soap


a liquid polyunsaturated fatty acid that occurs in some plant oils; an essential fatty acid


fine ravellings of cotton or linen fibers


a herbicide that kills weeds without harming vegetables


an enzyme secreted in the digestive tract that catalyzes the breakdown of fats into individual fatty acids that can be absorbed into the bloodstream


an oily organic compound insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents; essential structural component of living cells (along with proteins and carbohydrates)


a conjugated protein having a lipid component; the principal means for transporting lipids in the blood


continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas


(Greek mythology) the rarified fluid said to flow in the veins of the Gods


a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure


fluid matter having no fixed shape but a fixed volume


a substance that is liquid at room temperature and pressure


a solution containing bleaching agents; used for laundry


a liquid exhibiting properties of a crystal that are not shown by ordinary liquids


a liquid substance that is a solution (or emulsion or suspension) used or obtained in an industrial process


a coloring material (obtained from lichens) that turns red in acid solutions and blue in alkaline solutions; used as a very rough acid-base indicator


unsized paper treated with litmus for use as an acid-base indicator


oewn-lithium_carbonate-n oewn-Lithane-n oewn-Lithonate-n oewn-Eskalith-n

a white powder (LiCO3) used in manufacturing glass and ceramics and as a drug; the drug (trade names Lithane or Lithonate or Eskalith) is used to treat some forms of depression and manic episodes of manic-depressive disorder


a rich soil consisting of a mixture of sand and clay and decaying organic materials


a permanent magnet consisting of magnetite that possess polarity and has the power to attract as well as to be attracted magnetically


a fine-grained unstratified accumulation of clay and silt deposited by the wind


a segment of the trunk of a tree when stripped of branches


a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of moderate amount of protein and a large amount of cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis


(medicine) radioactive waste consisting of objects that have been briefly exposed to radioactivity (as in certain medical tests)


the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material


a strong solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide


a cytokine secreted by helper T cells in response to stimulation by antigens and that acts on other cells of the immune system (as by activating macrophages)


an essential amino acid found in proteins; occurs especially in gelatin and casein


a clear oily brown solution of cresols in soap; used as an antiseptic and disinfectant


an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and tears that destroys the cell walls of certain bacteria


(trademark) a liquid that temporarily disables a person; prepared as an aerosol and sprayed in the face, it irritates the eyes and causes dizziness and immobilization


any very large complex molecule; found only in plants and animals


a bicarbonate that is a major cause of hard water, with chemical formula Mg(HCO3)2


a very white crystalline salt that occurs naturally as magnesite or as dolomite


a white crystalline powder used chiefly in medicines


a nitride containing nitrogen and magnesium


hydrated magnesium sulfate that is taken orally to treat heartburn and constipation and injected to prevent seizures


an oxide of iron that is strongly attracted by magnets


a yellow insecticide used as a dust or spray to control garden pests and house flies and mites


a salt or ester of maleic acid; used as a nontricyclic antidepressant drug for psychomotor activation


a colorless crystalline compound found in unripe fruit (such as apples or tomatoes or cherries) and used mainly to make polyester resins


a white crystalline sugar formed during the digestion of starches


a lightweight paper used with carbon paper to make multiple copies


oewn-manila-n oewn-manila_paper-n oewn-manilla-n oewn-manilla_paper-n

a strong paper or thin cardboard with a smooth light brown finish made from e.g. Manila hemp


a brass with from 1-4% manganese to harden it


a steel with a relatively large component (10-14%) of manganese; highly resistant to wear and shock


a salt of manganic acid containing manganese as its anion


a kind of hemp obtained from the abaca plant in the Philippines


sugar made from the sap of the sugar maple tree


a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material


an indelible ink for marking clothes or linens etc.


methane gas produced when vegetation decomposes in water


a solid solution of carbon in alpha-iron that is formed when steel is cooled so rapidly that the change from austenite to pearlite is suppressed; responsible for the hardness of quenched steel


a mixture of mashed malt grains and hot water; used in brewing


a mash with optimum acidity for yeast fermentation; a mixture of old and new mash; used in distilling some whiskeys


the vessel was beaten to matchwood on the rocks


(geology) a mass of fine-grained rock in which fossils, crystals, or gems are embedded


a mixture of sulfides that forms when sulfide metal ores are smelted


a medium for oil-paints; linseed oil mixed with mastic varnish or turpentine


a white crystalline organic base; used mainly in making melamine resins


a thermosetting resin formed from melamine and an aldehyde; used in molded products, adhesives, and coatings


a fatty oil obtained from the menhaden fish and used in paint and ink and in treating leather


a crystalline compound that has the cool and minty taste and odor that occurs naturally in peppermint oil; used as a flavoring and in medicine to relieve itching, pain, and nasal congestion


oewn-mercuric_chloride-n oewn-mercury_chloride-n oewn-bichloride_of_mercury-n oewn-corrosive_sublimate-n

a white poisonous soluble crystalline sublimate of mercury; used as a pesticide or antiseptic or wood preservative


a tasteless colorless powder used medicinally as a cathartic


a pad of paper on which messages can be written


oewn-methane_series-n oewn-alkane_series-n oewn-alkane-n oewn-paraffin_series-n oewn-paraffin-n

a series of non-aromatic saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH(2n+2)


a poisonous gas or liquid (CH3Br) used to fumigate rodents, worms, etc.


ethyl alcohol denatured with methyl alcohol to prevent its use as an alcoholic beverage


the bivalent radical CH2 derived from methane


the univalent radical CH3- derived from methane


a crystalline amino acid containing sulfur; found in most proteins and essential for nutrition


a liquid ester with a strong odor of wintergreen; applied externally for minor muscle and joint pain


(trademark) a microscopic and traceable identification particle used to trace explosives or other hazardous materials or to prevent counterfeiting


a distillate of petroleum (especially one used medicinally as a laxative or stool softener)


a pyrophoric alloy made from a mixture of rare-earth metals


oil used to lubricate the moving parts of a motor


steel containing 10-15% molybdenum; properties are similar to tungsten steel


a molecule containing one amine group (especially one that is a neurotransmitter)


an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of many body compounds (e.g., epinephrine and norepinephrine and serotonin)


a hydrate that contains one molecule of water per molecule of the compound


a sugar (like sucrose or fructose) that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates


an oxide containing just one atom of oxygen in the molecule


a transparent or translucent gemstone with a pearly luster; some specimens are orthoclase feldspar and others are plagioclase feldspar


a substance used to treat leather or other materials before dyeing; aids in dyeing process


a violet-colored salt used in hide tanning and as a mordant in dyeing


a poisonous colorless salt used as a mordant and in medicine


used as a bond in masonry or for covering a wall


any of several glycoproteins similar to mucin


complex polysaccharides containing an amino group; occur chiefly as components of connective tissue


oewn-sludge-n oewn-slime-n oewn-goo-n oewn-goop-n oewn-gook-n oewn-guck-n oewn-gunk-n oewn-muck-n oewn-ooze-n


sludge (rich in organic matter) that accumulates at the bottom of lakes or oceans


paper with lines appropriate for writing music


oewn-mustard_gas-n oewn-mustard_agent-n oewn-blistering_agent-n oewn-dichloroethyl_sulfide-n oewn-sulfur_mustard-n

a toxic war gas with sulfide based compounds that raises blisters and attacks the eyes and lungs; there is no known antidote


the smallest unit of DNA where a mutation can occur


a toxic compound resembling mustard gas in structure; important in cancer treatment


a white fatty substance that forms a medullary sheath around the axis cylinder of some nerve fibers


a saturated fatty acid occurring naturally in animal and vegetable fats


gasoline jelled with aluminum soaps; highly incendiary liquid used in fire bombs and flamethrowers


any of various volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures; used chiefly as solvents


a white crystalline strong-smelling hydrocarbon made from coal tar or petroleum and used in organic synthesis and as a fumigant in mothballs


either of two phenols derived from naphthalene


a pale yellow crystalline hydrocarbon C16H10 extracted from coal tar


fiber created from natural materials or by chemical processes


plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder


a fossil fuel in the gaseous state; used for cooking and heating homes


oewn-naval_brass-n oewn-Admiralty_brass-n oewn-Admiralty_Metal-n oewn-Tobin_bronze-n

alpha-beta brass containing tin; resistant to sea water; Admiralty Metal is a trademark


a pale yellow oil made from the feet and legs of cattle; used as a dressing for leather


a medicinal liquid preparation intended for use in an atomizer


a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system


a highly lethal nerve agent used in chemical warfare; a toxic liquid that penetrates the skin or lungs to disrupt the nervous system and stop respiration; in combat VX gas is deployed by detonating a container over the target area and can persist in the environment up to several weeks after release

VX gas is one of those things we wish we could disinvent


a highly toxic chemical nerve agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase


a substance that interferes with the neural transmission between motor neurons and skeletal muscles


cheap paper made from wood pulp and used for printing newspapers


an alloy of nickel and chromium with high electrical resistance and an ability to withstand high temperatures; used for resistance heating elements


an alloy whose main constituent is nickel


a silver-white alloy containing copper and zinc and nickel


a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; serves as a reductant in various metabolic processes


a coenzyme similar to NAD and present in most living cells but serves as a reductant in different metabolic processes


cast iron to which nickel has been added to make it resist abrasion


cast iron consisting of graphite in a matrix of austenite


a compound containing nitrogen and a more electropositive element (such as phosphorus or a metal)


a poisonous oily water-soluble liquid used as a solvent and in the manufacture of aniline


derivative of furan used to inhibit bacterial growth


an enzyme of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms that catalyzes the conversion of nitrogen to ammonia


general term for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleic acid by cleaving chains of nucleotides into smaller units


(biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells


a glycoside formed by partial hydrolysis of a nucleic acid


a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)


a large decomposing tree trunk that has fallen, usually in a forest; the decaying wood provides moisture and nutrients for a variety of insects and plants


an ester of acetic acid; used in fibers and fabrics; photographic films and varnishes


cellulose acetate that is relatively slow to burn; used instead of celluloid for motion-picture film


highly flammable substance made from cellulose nitrate and camphor; used in e.g. motion-picture and X-ray film; its use has decreased with the development of nonflammable thermoplastics


a cellulose ester obtained by treating cellulose with caustic soda


a polymer containing repeated amide groups


(biochemistry) a linear polymer whose molecule is composed of many nucleotide units constituting a section of a nucleic acid molecule


a thermoplastic polyamide; a family of strong resilient synthetic fibers


loose hemp or jute fiber obtained by unravelling old ropes; when impregnated with tar it was used to caulk seams and pack joints in wooden ships


any isomeric saturated hydrocarbon found in petroleum and used as a fuel and solvent


a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water


a mixture of amyl alcohols and propanol and butanol formed from distillation of fermented liquors


an oil formed through distillation of petroleum of intermediate boiling range and viscosity


a thick oil comprised of linseed, tung, or soya oils which have been heated to over 300 C


an odoriferous yellow oil found in orange flowers and used in perfumery and as a flavoring


an oil derived from wood pulp and used in making soaps or lubricants


paper that has been made translucent and waterproof by soaking in oil


a colorless oily liquid occurring as a glyceride; it is the major fatty acid in olive oil and canola oil; used in making soap and cosmetics and ointments and lubricating oils


obtained from beef fat; used in making margarine and soap and in lubrication


an oleoresin extracted from the capsicum pepper plant


any of the carbohydrates that yield only a few monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis


(biochemistry) a polynucleotide whose molecules contain relatively few nucleotides


a thin strong lightweight translucent paper used especially for making carbon copies


a thin tough opaque paper used in fine books


a chalcedony with alternating black and white bands; used in making cameos


an odorous gum resin formerly used in medicines


an insecticide that interferes with an insect's nervous system


any of a series of nerve agents containing organophosphate compounds first synthesized by German chemists in 1936; in World War II the Germans tested them in concentration camps but not on the battlefield; Iraq is alleged to have used them against Iran and against the Kurds


brass that looks like gold; used to decorate furniture


an acid formed by oxidation of maleic acid (as in metabolism of fats and carbohydrates)


a toxic colorless crystalline organic acid found in oxalis and other plants; used as a bleach and rust remover and in chemical analysis


any of the enzymes that catalyze biological oxidation


an indicator that shows a reversible color change between oxidized and reduced forms


any compound of oxygen with another element or a radical


an enzyme that catalyzes oxidation-reduction


any compound containing the group -C=NOH


a mixture of oxygen and acetylene; used to create high temperatures for cutting or welding metals


an oxidoreductase that catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen


a colorless gas (O3) soluble in alkalis and cold water; a strong oxidizing agent; can be produced by electric discharge in oxygen or by the action of ultraviolet radiation on oxygen in the stratosphere (where it acts as a screen for ultraviolet radiation)


a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge


a saturated fatty acid that is the major fat in meat and dairy products


a vitamin of the vitamin B complex that performs an important role in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids; occurs in many foods


a proteolytic enzyme obtained from the unripe papaya; used as a meat tenderizer


a metabolic acid found in yeast and liver cells; used to make dyes and drugs and sun blockers


a poisonous yellow solid used in solution as a herbicide


a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses


a substance made from paper pulp that can be molded when wet and painted when dry


paper made from the papyrus plant by cutting it in strips and pressing it flat; used by ancient Egyptians and Greeks and Romans


a thin delicate material resembling paper; made from the rice-paper tree


a heavy paper impregnated with tar and used as part of a roof for waterproofing


leaf or strip from a leaf of the talipot palm used in India for writing paper


a continuous thin ribbon of paper on which stock quotes are written


any material used especially to protect something


thin curly wood shavings used for packing or stuffing


a roofing tile with a S-shape; laid so that curves overlap


a black bituminous material used for paving roads or other areas; usually spread over crushed rock


broken stone used in macadamized roadways


a paving material of tar and broken stone; mixed in a factory and shaped during paving


plaster used to coat outer walls and line chimneys


ore that yields a substantial profit to the miner


a lamellar mixture of cementite and ferrite formed during the cooling of austenite; a constituent of steel and cast iron


a complex acid that occurs in ripe fruit and some vegetables


any of various water-soluble colloidal carbohydrates that occur in ripe fruit and vegetables; used in making fruit jellies and jams


enzyme produced by certain bacteria that inactivates penicillin and results in resistance to that antibiotic


an enzyme produced in the stomach that splits proteins into peptones


precursor of pepsin; stored in the stomach walls and converted to pepsin by hydrochloric acid in the stomach


a powerful greenhouse gas emitted during the production of aluminum


an 80/20 alloy of nickel and iron; easily magnetized and demagnetized


a dark purple salt of permanganic acid; in water solution it is used as a disinfectant and antiseptic


an unstable purple acid (HMnO4) known only in solution or of permanganate salts


any of a group of enzymes (occurring especially in plant cells) that catalyze the oxidation of a compound by a peroxide


a pale green variety of chrysolite; used as a gemstone


an inorganic compound containing the divalent ion -O-O-


a chemical used to kill pests (as rodents or insects)


any compound obtained from petroleum or natural gas


oewn-petroleum-n oewn-crude_oil-n oewn-crude-n oewn-rock_oil-n oewn-fossil_oil-n oewn-oil-n

a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons


oil products that remain after petroleum has been distilled


a semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum; used in medicinal ointments and for lubrication


(physical chemistry) a sample of matter in which substances in different phases are in equilibrium

in a static system oil cannot be replaced by water on a surface


an essential amino acid found in proteins and needed for growth of children and for protein metabolism in children and adults; abundant in milk and eggs; it is normally converted to tyrosine in the human body


a colorless poisonous gas that smells like new-mown hay; used in chemical warfare


any of a group of enzymes that act as a catalyst in the hydrolysis of organic phosphates


a colorless gas with a strong fishy smell; used as a pesticide


an organic compound of creatine and phosphoric acid; found in the muscles of vertebrates where its hydrolysis releases energy for muscular contraction


any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base; an important constituent of membranes


an acid used in fertilizers and soaps: H3PO4


a colorless acid used to make dyes and perfumes


a chemical substance obtained from plants that is biologically active but not nutritive


a yellow toxic highly explosive strong acid; used in high explosives and as a dye and in chemical reactions


an enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots


an inactive form of plasmin that occurs in plasma and is converted to plasmin by organic solvents


protease produced in the kidney that converts plasminogen to plasmin and so initiates fibrinolysis


a fine black powder of platinum; used as a catalyst in chemical reactions


an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of new DNA and RNA from an existing strand of DNA or RNA


the enzyme responsible for DNA replication


a polymerase that catalyzes the formation of DNA using RNA as a template; found especially in retroviruses


oewn-coloring_material-n oewn-colouring_material-n oewn-color-n oewn-colour-n


a usually soluble substance for staining or coloring e.g. fabrics or hair


a metal tincture used in heraldry to give a silvery appearance


an orange-red crystalline compound used in making red pigments and in dyeing


any of various acid dyes; used for dyeing wool scarlet red


used to whiten laundry or hair or give it a bluish tinge


a dye used as an acid-base indicator, with useful range between pH 3.0 and 4.6


a dye used as an acid-base indicator, with useful range between pH 6.0 and 7.6


a red dyestuff consisting of dried bodies of female cochineal insects


any of a class of dyes containing a -CH= group linking two heterocyclic rings containing nitrogen; used as sensitizers in photography


dye with a high affinity for cellulose fibers (cotton or rayon etc.)


a red fluorescent dye resulting from the action of bromine on fluorescein; used in cosmetics and as a biological stain for studying cell structures


oewn-fluorescein-n oewn-fluoresceine-n oewn-fluorescent_dye-n oewn-resorcinolphthalein-n

a yellow dye that is visible even when highly diluted; used as an absorption indicator when silver nitrate solution is added to sodium chloride in order to precipitate silver chloride (turns pink when no chloride ions are left in solution and negative fluorescein ions are then absorbed)


a fluorochrome commonly conjugated with antibodies for use in indirect immunofluorescence


any of various fluorescent substances used in fluorescence microscopy to stain specimens


a reddish coloring material found in some algae


a reddish brown dye used especially on hair


a liquid preparation used on wet hair to give it a tint


a green dye, often used to color cloth, which is obtained from the woad plant


scarlet dye like cochineal; extracted with alkali from stick lac


a poisonous white solid (Pb[CH3CO]2) used in dyeing cotton and in making enamels and varnishes


a purplish dye obtained from orchil lichens


any of a class of weakly acidic organic compounds; molecule contains one or more hydroxyl groups


dry coloring material (especially a powder to be mixed with a liquid to produce paint, etc.)


any substance whose presence in plant or animal tissues produces a characteristic color


a soft oily clay used as a pigment (especially a reddish brown pigment)


any of numerous bright translucent organic pigments


a purplish red pigment prepared from lac or cochineal


oewn-watercolor-n oewn-water-color-n oewn-watercolour-n oewn-water-colour-n


a dark viscous substance obtained from the destructive distillation of pine wood


a wax obtained from the leaves of a plantain


a green slightly translucent variety of chalcedony used as a gemstone


a mixture of lime or gypsum with sand and water; hardens into a smooth solid; used to cover walls and ceilings


any of several gypsum cements; a white powder (a form of calcium sulphate) that forms a paste when mixed with water and hardens into a solid; used in making molds and sculptures and casts for broken limbs


a mixture of wet clay and sand that can be used to line a pond and that is impervious to water when dry


oewn-podzol-n oewn-podzol_soil-n oewn-podsol-n oewn-podsol_soil-n oewn-podsolic_soil-n

a soil that develops in temperate to cold moist climates under coniferous or heath vegetation; an organic mat over a grey leached layer


a gas that is poisonous to breath or contact; used in chemical warfare


a complex ester used for making fibers or resins or plastics or as a plasticizer


any of numerous synthetic resins; they are light and strong and weather resistant


a quick-drying resilient synthetic fiber consisting primarily of polyester


any of a class of carbohydrates whose molecules contain chains of monosaccharide molecules


a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers


a class of fats having long carbon chains with many double bonds unsaturated with hydrogen atoms; used in some margarines; supposedly associated with low blood cholesterol


a cyanide compound that is prepared by the reaction of potassium cyanide with ferrous salts; commonly used by gardeners


a poisonous salt that forms dark purple crystals and is purple-red when dissolved in water; used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant and antiseptic


a sedimentary rock consisting of sand consolidated with some cement (clay or quartz etc.)


bluish-grey sandstone used for paving and building


an olive-green sandstone containing glauconite


a polymer of propylene used as a thermoplastic molding material


any igneous rock with crystals embedded in a finer groundmass of minerals


a yellow fatty oil obtained from porpoises and used as a fine lubricant


an unsaturated fatty oil obtained from dolphins and used as a fine lubricant


a potassium compound often used in agriculture and industry


a solid substance in the form of tiny loose particles; a solid that has been pulverized


a type of soil occurring under grasses in temperate climates


an agent that causes a precipitate to form


a chemical compound that is added to protect against decay or decomposition


a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction


a clear colorless volatile liquid (alcohol) used as a solvent and antiseptic


a pungent colorless unsaturated liquid aldehyde made from propene


an unsaturated liquid carboxylic acid used in the manufacture of acrylic resins


a colorless liquid unsaturated nitrile made from propene


a flammable gas obtained by cracking petroleum; used in organic synthesis


the monovalent organic group C3H7- obtained from propane


oewn-protease-n oewn-peptidase-n oewn-proteinase-n oewn-proteolytic_enzyme-n

any enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into smaller peptide fractions and amino acids by a process known as proteolysis


any of various amines (such as putrescine or cadaverine) formed by the action of putrefactive bacteria


a borosilicate glass with a low coefficient of expansion; used for heat-resistant glassware in cooking and chemistry


a heterocyclic organic compound with a penetrating odor


any of several basic compounds derived from pyrimidine


an alloy that emits sparks when struck or scratched with steel; used in lighter flints


a colorless acid formed as an important intermediate in metabolism or fermentation


a bitter compound used as an insecticide and tonic and vermifuge; extracted from the wood and bark of trees of the genera Quassia and Picrasma


steel that has been hardened by immersing it in water or oil to cool it


a yellow dye made from the bark of the quercitron oak tree


any of a class of aromatic yellow compounds including several that are biologically important as coenzymes or acceptors or vitamins; used in making dyes


dye that does not allow the passage of X rays or other radiation; used to outline certain organs during X-ray examination


a red or pink variety of garnet used as a gemstone


any of a class of chiefly red organic dyes


a purplish red water-soluble dye used in microscopy


a red-purple to deep purple dye obtained from snails or made synthetically


a water-insoluble dye that is applied by reducing the dye to an alkaline form, applying the dye, then regenerating the insoluble dye by oxidation in the material; used for dyeing cotton


a blue dyestuff obtained from the woad plant


useless radioactive materials that are left after some laboratory or commercial process is completed


leaf fibers of the raffia palm tree; used to make baskets and mats etc.


a trisaccharide that occurs in sugar beets and cotton seeds and certain cereals


any of several alkaloids extracted from the shrub Rauwolfia serpentina


a bit of fiber that has become separated from woven fabric


brass with enough copper to give it a reddish tint; used for plumbing pipe and other brass hardware and in cheap jewelry


a reddish oxide of lead (Pb3O4) used as a pigment in paints and in glass and ceramics


seawater that is discolored by large numbers of certain dinoflagellates that produce saxitoxin


an enzyme that catalyses the biochemical reduction of some specified substance


any substance used to provide cooling (as in a refrigerator)


a solvent that removes a substance (usually from a surface)


a proteolytic enzyme secreted by the kidneys; catalyzes the formation of angiotensin and thus affects blood pressure


an enzyme that occurs in gastric juice; causes milk to coagulate


matter that remains after something has been removed


a crystalline phenol obtained from various resins; used in ointments for acne and in dandruff shampoos


a chemical that is added to a photographic developer in order to retard development and reduce the amount of fog on a film


any of the enzymes that cut nucleic acid at specific restriction sites and produce restriction fragments; obtained from bacteria (where they cripple viral invaders); used in recombinant DNA technology


either of two yellow to red retinal pigments formed from rhodopsin by the action of light


a decorative tile that is bent in cross section; used to cover the ridge of a roof


building material used in constructing roofs


a translucent rose-red variety of quartz used for ornaments


a coarse plaster for the surface of external walls


a milky exudate from certain plants that coagulates on exposure to air


oewn-rubber-n oewn-natural_rubber-n oewn-India_rubber-n oewn-gum_elastic-n oewn-caoutchouc-n

an elastic material obtained from the latex sap of trees (especially trees of the genera Hevea and Ficus) that can be vulcanized and finished into a variety of products


crude natural rubber; used mainly for shoe soles


any of various synthetic elastic materials whose properties resemble natural rubber


made from silicone elastomers; retains flexibility resilience and tensile strength over a wide temperature range


a rubber made at low temperatures (5 degrees Centigrade) which is tougher than conventional rubber and is often used in car tires


a synthetic rubber that is resistant to oils and aging; used in waterproof products


a hard nonresilient rubber formed by vulcanizing natural rubber


a type of natural rubber obtained from tropical South American trees


synthetic rubber made by polymerizing isobutylene


a transparent deep red variety of corundum; used as a gemstone and in lasers


a red iron ore used in dyeing and marking


a mineral consisting of titanium dioxide in crystalline form; occurs in metamorphic and plutonic rocks and is a major source of titanium


drops of fresh water that fall as precipitation from clouds


the sediment that is left after the evaporation of seawater


a double salt used in Seidlitz powder; acts as a cathartic


an effervescing salt containing sodium bicarbonate and Rochelle salt and tartaric acid; used as a cathartic


a salt of salicylic acid (included in several commonly used drugs)


a white crystalline substance with a bitter aftertaste; used as a fungicide or in making aspirin or dyes or perfumes


a fatty oil obtained from the wastes in canning salmon; used in making soap and dressing leather


a white powder with a pleasant taste and odor; used to absorb light in sun tan lotions or as a preservative or an antiseptic or a coating for pills in which the medicine is intended for enteric release


a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)


a solution of two simple salts that forms a single substance on crystallization


a colorless and odorless toxic oil used as an insecticide


a toxic double salt of copper arsenate and copper acetate


a white crystalline insecticide that has low toxicity for mammals; is used in home gardens; extracted from the roots of derris and cube


a complex black mineral occurring in pegmatites


a rare light blue or green mineral; consists of aluminum and magnesium silicate and occurs as small grains in some metamorphic rocks


a salt of bile acid and a base; functions as an emulsifier of lipids and fatty acids


(Na2SO4.10H2O) a colorless salt used as a cathartic


oewn-cream_of_tartar-n oewn-tartar-n oewn-potassium_bitartrate-n oewn-potassium_hydrogen_tartrate-n


a colorless salt (NaClO3) used as a weed killer and an antiseptic


the hypothetical acid (H2Cr2O7) from which dichromates are derived; known only in solution and in the form of dichromate salts


a salt of the hypothetical dichromic acid


used as an explosive and fertilizer and rocket propellant


a nitrate used in making photographic emulsions; also used in medicine as a cautery and as a topical antibacterial agent


silver nitrate fused into sticks and formerly used as a caustic


any chemical substance that burns or destroys living tissue


a waterproof filler and sealant that is used in building and repair to make watertight


a soft sheepskin leather that is colored and finished to resemble morocco; used in bookbinding


a strongly alkaline caustic used in manufacturing soap and paper and aluminum and various sodium compounds


a bromide that darkens when exposed to light; used in making photographic emulsions


an iodide that is used in photography, in seeding clouds to make rain, and in medicine


any compound containing the nitrate group (such as a salt or ester of nitric acid)


the radical -NO2 or any compound containing it (such as a salt or ester of nitrous acid)


nitrite used to preserve and color food especially in meat and fish products; implicated in the formation of suspected carcinogens


a mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur in a 75:15:10 ratio which is used in gunnery, time fuses, and fireworks


an explosive (trade name Ballistite) that burns with relatively little smoke; contains pyrocellulose and is used as a propellant


a white salt present in urine and used to test for metal oxides


any salt of hydrochloric acid (containing the chloride ion)


any compound containing three chlorine atoms in each molecule


a yellow pungent volatile oil (trade name Agene) formerly used for bleaching and aging flour


a compound containing two chlorine atoms per molecule


a chloride containing an unusually high proportion of chlorine


a chloride used as a wood preservative or catalyst


a nonflammable liquid used as a solvent and paint remover and refrigerant


a chloride used as an antidote for nerve gases such as sarin or VX


a chloride used chiefly in the manufacture of photographic emulsions


a colorless caustic liquid made by treating tin with chlorine


a white powder that is used to fluoridate toothpaste


a natural fiber (raw cotton, wool, hemp, flax) that can be twisted to form yarn


a commercial preparation of starch that is used to stiffen textile fabrics in laundering


a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral


a deep blue cordierite often used as a gemstone


a precious transparent stone of rich blue corundum valued as a gemstone


oil obtained from sardines and used chiefly as a lubricant and in soap


an onyx characterized by parallel layers of sard and a different colored mineral


fine particles of wood made by sawing wood


log large enough to be sawed into boards


a powerful neurotoxin produced by certain dinoflagellates found in red tides; it can accumulate in mollusks that feed on the dinoflagellates and cause food poisoning to humans


a chemical agent that is added to a chemical mixture to counteract the effects of impurities


pad for preliminary or hasty writing or notes or sketches etc


a pale yellow to red-brown fatty oil obtained from seal blubber; used in making soap and dressing leather and as a lubricant


a set of enzymes believed to snip pieces off a longer protein producing fragments of amyloid protein that bunch up and create amyloid protein plaques in brain tissue (the pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's)


clay soil formed by sedimentary deposits


rich brown pigment prepared from the ink of cuttlefishes


a sweetish crystalline amino acid involved in the synthesis by the body of cysteine


a family of proteins found in blood and milk and muscle and in plant seed


a plasma protein containing the immunoglobulins that are responsible for immune responses


the commonest protein in muscle; a globulin that combines with actin to form actomyosin


any of the factors in the blood whose actions are essential for blood coagulation


a protein present in blood plasma; converts to fibrin when blood clots


a substance produced by the hypothalamus that is capable of accelerating the secretion of a given hormone by the anterior pituitary gland


a releasing factor that accelerates the secretion of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary body


a substance produced by the mucosa of the stomach and intestines that is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12

lack of intrinsic factor can result in pernicious anemia


tiny bits of protoplasm found in vertebrate blood; essential for blood clotting


any of various pigments distributed widely in living tissues


a hemoprotein composed of globin and heme that gives red blood cells their characteristic color; function primarily to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues

fish have simpler hemoglobin than mammals


a hemoprotein that receives oxygen from hemoglobin and stores it in the tissues until needed


the bright red hemoglobin that is a combination of hemoglobin and oxygen from the lungs

oxyhemoglobin transports oxygen to the cells of the body


oewn-heme-n oewn-haem-n oewn-hematin-n oewn-haemitin-n oewn-protoheme-n

a complex red organic pigment containing iron and other atoms to which oxygen binds


a reddish-brown chloride of heme; produced from hemoglobin in laboratory tests for the presence of blood


a compound containing a heterocyclic ring


(biochemistry) a class of hemoprotein whose principal biological function is electron transfer (especially in cellular respiration)


the most abundant and stable cytochrome; involved in energy transfer


a colorless protein obtained by removing heme from hemoglobin; the oxygen carrying compound in red blood cells


a simple protein found in the seeds of cereals


a simple protein containing mainly basic amino acids; present in cell nuclei in association with nucleic acids


a simple protein found in fish sperm; rich in arginine; simpler in composition than globulin or albumin; counteracts the anticoagulant effect of heparin


a simple protein found in horny and cartilaginous tissues and in the lens of the eye


a granular brown substance composed of ferric oxide; left from the breakdown of hemoglobin; can be a sign of disturbed iron metabolism


any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes, thus producing an immune response


an antibody acting against tissues of the organism that produces it


an antibody that causes precipitation when it unites with its antigen


an antibody that can neutralize a specific toxin


an antitoxin that counteracts the effects of venom from the bite of a snake or insect or other animal


antitoxin given for short-term immunization against tetanus in cases of possible exposure to the tetanus bacillus


a mixture of toxin and antitoxin used to immunize against a disease


an antibody that causes agglutination of a specific antigen


an antibody produced by one individual that causes agglutination of red blood cells in other individuals of the same species


any substance that acts as an antigen to cause agglutinin production


an antigen capable of causing the production of (or reacting with) an isoagglutinin


an antibody found in the blood of someone suffering from infectious mononucleosis


an antibody that occurs naturally against foreign tissues from a person of the same species


any substance (such as an antibody) or agent that can cause lysis


any of a class of antibodies produced in the laboratory by a single clone of cells or a cell line and consisting of identical antibody molecules


a monoclonal antibody (trade name Remicade) used to treat Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis; administered by infusion; use and dosage must be determined by a physician


an antibody in blood serum that attaches to invading microorganisms and other antigens to make them more susceptible to the action of phagocytes


oewn-immunoglobulin-n oewn-Ig-n oewn-immune_serum_globulin-n oewn-immune_gamma_globulin-n oewn-immune_globulin-n

a class of proteins produced in lymph tissue in vertebrates and that function as antibodies in the immune response


one of the most common of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; the chief antibody in the membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts


one of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; present in blood serum in small amounts


one of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; present primarily in the skin and mucous membranes


an immunoglobulin E that is formed as an antibody against allergens (such as pollen); attaches to cell membranes causing the release of histamine and other substances responsible for the local inflammation characteristic of an allergy


one of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; the main antibody defense against bacteria


one of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; involved in fighting blood infections and in triggering production of immunoglobulin G


sterile solution of globulins derived from the blood plasma of a person who has been immunized for tetanus; provides short-term immunization against tetanus in cases of possible exposure to the tetanus bacillus


any substance that causes injury or illness or death of a living organism


colorless pungent crystalline compound derived from capsicum; source of the hotness of hot peppers of the genus Capsicum such as chili and cayenne and jalapeno


derived from ginger; source of the hotness of ginger


derived from pepper (especially black pepper); source of the hotness of black and white pepper


a family of compounds derived from horseradish and radishes and onions and mustards; source of the hotness of those plants and preparations


any of several antigens that occur naturally in the fetus and sometimes in adults with cancer


an abnormally large amount of this fetoprotein in the fetus can signal an abnormality of the neural tube (as spina bifida or anencephaly)


a poisonous substance produced during the metabolism and growth of certain microorganisms and some higher plant and animal species


a bacterial toxin that has been weakened until it is no longer toxic but is strong enough to induce the formation of antibodies and immunity to the specific disease caused by the toxin


a toxin resembling bacterial toxins in its antigenic properties that is found in the fluids of certain animals


any endotoxin or exotoxin formed in or elaborated by bacterial cells


potent bacterial toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum that causes botulism; can be used as a bioweapon


any substance that has a toxic effect on cells


a toxin that is confined inside the microorganisms and is released only when the microorganisms are broken down or die


a cytotoxin specific for the cells of the intestinal mucosa


a toxin that is secreted by microorganisms into the surrounding medium


a poisonous or foul smelling gas emitted from the earth


any substance produced by plants that is similar in its properties to extracellular bacterial toxin


toxin secreted by animals; secreted by certain snakes and poisonous insects (e.g., spiders and scorpions)


a potent neurotoxin found in a particular frog


any substance (as a toxin or enzyme) that stimulates an immune response in the body (especially the production of antibodies)


the site on the surface of an antigen molecule to which an antibody attaches itself


a blood group antigen possessed by Rh-positive people; if an Rh-negative person receives a blood transfusion from an Rh-positive person it can result in hemolysis and anemia


a watery solution of sugars, salts, and minerals that circulates through the vascular system of a plant


a drug that destroys the itch mite that causes scabies


a sedimentary rock formed by the deposition of successive layers of clay


shale from which oil can be obtained by heating


a fatty yellow to brown oil obtained from the livers of sharks; used for dressing leather and as a source of vitamin A


a liquid mixture containing pesticides in which sheep are dipped to kill parasites


a wool obtained from sheep of the Shetland islands


building material used as siding or roofing


a substance used to produce a shiny protective surface on footwear


an alloy that is 98% lead and 2% arsenic; used in making small shot


iron ore in the form of ferrous carbonate


a salt or ester derived from silicic acid


any of various compounds of silicon with a more electropositive element or radical


an extremely hard blue-black crystalline compound (SiC) used as an abrasive and a heat refractory material; crystals of silicon carbide can be used as semiconductors


any of a large class of siloxanes that are unusually stable over a wide range of temperatures; used in lubricants and adhesives and coatings and synthetic rubber and electrical insulation


any of a large class of compounds that have alternate silicon and oxygen atoms


material applied to the outside of a building to make it weatherproof


a white or colorless vitreous insoluble solid (SiO2); various forms occur widely in the earth's crust as quartz or cristobalite or tridymite or lechatelierite


a porous form of silica that is highly absorbent


a bronze with 2-3% silicon that is resistant to corrosion


animal fibers produced by silkworms and other larvae that spin cocoons and by most spiders


mud or clay or small rocks deposited by a river or lake


a fine-grained sandstone of consolidated silt


a herbicide that is effective in controlling woody plants but is toxic to animals


a herbicide used to control weeds (especially among crops)


the scum formed by oxidation at the surface of molten metals


a grey mineral consisting of cobalt arsenide and nickel; an important source of cobalt and nickel


a pungent preparation of ammonium carbonate and perfume; sniffed as a stimulant to relieve faintness


(medicine) any of various liquids sold as medicine (as by a travelling medicine show) but medically worthless


a layer of snowflakes (white crystals of frozen water) covering the ground


granular snow formed by alternate thawing and freezing


heavy wet snow that is unsuitable for skiing


oewn-soapstone-n oewn-soaprock-n oewn-soap-rock-n oewn-steatite-n

a soft heavy compact variety of talc having a soapy feel; used to make hearths and tabletops and ornaments


a mixture of sodium and calcium hydroxides; absorbs liquids and gases


a vitreous mineral consisting of sodium aluminum silicate and sodium chloride in crystalline form; occurs in igneous rocks


oewn-sodium_carbonate-n oewn-washing_soda-n oewn-sal_soda-n oewn-soda_ash-n oewn-soda-n

a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper


a gummy substance that is a sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose; used as a thickening or emulsifying agent


a colorless crystalline salt of sodium (NaF) used in fluoridation of water and to prevent tooth decay


a flammable grey crystalline binary compound (NaH)


an unstable salt (NaOCl) used as a bleaching agent and disinfectant


a crystalline salt used like potassium iodide


a caustic detergent useful for removing grease; although commonly included in personal care items (shampoos and toothpastes etc.) it can irritate skin and should not be swallowed


a sodium salt of pyrophosphoric acid used as a builder in soaps and detergents


a solid white bitter salt used in manufacturing glass and paper and dyes and pharmaceuticals


a sodium salt of triphosphoric acid used as a builder in soaps and detergents


phosphate of sodium; used as a laxative to cleanse the bowels


water that is not hard (does not contain mineral salts that interfere with the formation of lather with soap)


matter that is solid at room temperature and pressure


solidified carbon dioxide; dry ice sublimates at -78.5 C and is used mainly as a refrigerant


oewn-solvent-n oewn-dissolvent-n oewn-dissolver-n oewn-dissolving_agent-n oewn-resolvent-n

a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

the solvent does not change its state in forming a solution


the dissolved matter in a solution; the component of a solution that changes its state


a compound formed by solvation (the combination of solvent molecules with molecules or ions of the solute)


an agent that converts something into a solvate


an agent (physical or chemical) that inactivates or destroys viruses


hypothetical universal solvent once sought by alchemists


any composition having a consistency suggestive of soup


a leaven of dough in which fermentation is active; used by pioneers for making bread


powder (containing gypsum plaster and glue) that when mixed with water forms a plastic paste used to fill cracks and holes in plaster


any of various nonmetallic minerals (calcite or feldspar) that are light in color and transparent or translucent and cleavable


pig iron containing manganese; used as a deoxidizing agent and to raise the manganese content in making steel


impure zinc containing about three percent lead and other impurities (especially in the form of ingots)


an animal oil found in the blubber of the sperm whale


aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative


(Old Testament) one of several sweet-smelling spices used in incense


building material consisting of plaster and hair; used to cover external surfaces of temporary structure (as at an exposition) or for decoration


a soluble exotoxin produced by some strains of staphylococcus; a cause of food poisoning


a form of staphylococcal enterotoxin that has been used as an incapacitating agent in biological warfare


a hard glassy mineral consisting of an oxide of magnesium and aluminum; occurs in various colors that are used as gemstones


a spinel used as a gemstone (usually dark red)


a pale rose-colored variety of the ruby spinel


a yellow or orange variety of ruby spinel


a homogeneous solid that can exist over a range of component chemicals; a constituent of alloys that is formed when atoms of an element are incorporated into the crystals of a metal


a solution of ammonium carbonate in ammonia water and alcohol


a pyroxene mineral consisting of lithium aluminum silicate; a source of lithium


a green transparent form of the mineral spodumene used as a gemstone


a pesticide in suspension or solution; intended for spraying


a chemical that is added to a solution or mixture or suspension to maintain it in a stable or unchanging state


a tetrasaccharide found in the tubers of the Chinese artichoke


(microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visible


a stain of contrasting color that is used when the principal stain does not show the structure clearly


a solution used in staining bacteria by Gram's method; consists of one part iodine and two parts potassium iodide and 300 parts water


a dark grey mineral with a metallic luster that is a source of tin


a sapphire that when cut shows a starlike figure in reflected light because of its crystalline structure


a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice; an important foodstuff and used otherwise especially in adhesives and as fillers and stiffeners for paper and textiles


a nutritive starch obtained from the root of the arrowroot plant


starch prepared from the grains of corn; used in cooking as a thickener


powdery starch from certain sago palms; used in Asia as a food thickener and textile stiffener


a non-nitrogenous food substance consisting chiefly of starch; any substance resembling starch


a starch obtained from the root of the pia


water at boiling temperature diffused in the atmosphere


steam coming from a boiler at full pressure


water in a vaporous form diffused in the atmosphere but below boiling temperature


a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance


a substance added to another to make it less hard


a substance (such as sodium chloride) that lessens the hardness of water by replacing calcium and magnesium ions with sodium ions and so gives the water more efficient sudsing power


a nerve agent easily absorbed into the body; a lethal cholinesterase inhibitor that is highly toxic when inhaled


water in small drops in the atmosphere; blown from waves or thrown up by a waterfall


spray blown up from the surface of the sea


a waxy saturated fatty acid; occurs widely as a glyceride in animal and vegetable fats


a very hard alloy of cobalt and chromium with cobalt as the principal ingredient; used to make cutting tools and for surfaces subject to heavy wear


a silver alloy with no more than 7.5% copper


a chemical substance that causes sneezing and coughing and crying

police used a sternutatory to subdue the mob


any of several fat-soluble organic compounds having as a basis 17 carbon atoms in four rings; many have important physiological effects


an organic compound that does no contain a steroid


any of a group of natural steroid alcohols derived from plants or animals; they are waxy insoluble substances


an animal sterol that is normally synthesized by the liver; the most abundant steroid in animal tissues


the cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins; the `good' cholesterol; a high level in the blood is thought to lower the risk of coronary artery disease


the cholesterol in low-density lipoproteins; the `bad' cholesterol; a high level in the blood is thought to be related to various pathogenic conditions


LDL cholesterol that has been bombarded by free radicals; it is thought to cause atherosclerosis


a plant sterol that is converted into vitamin D by ultraviolet radiation


any of the steroid acids generated in the liver and stored with bile